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Investments (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2013
Available-for-sale Securities Including Securities Pledged [Line Items]  
Marketable Securities
Available-for-sale and fair value option ("FVO") fixed maturities and equity securities were as follows as of September 30, 2013:
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Capital
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Capital
Losses
 
Embedded Derivatives(2)
 
Fair
Value
 
OTTI(3)
Fixed maturities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasuries
$
745.0

 
$
58.1

 
$
2.4

 
$

 
$
800.7

 
$

U.S. Government agencies and authorities
242.9

 
7.4

 

 

 
250.3

 

State, municipalities and political subdivisions
77.2

 
6.8

 
0.1

 

 
83.9

 

U.S. corporate securities
10,210.0

 
584.6

 
225.8

 

 
10,568.8

 
1.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign securities:(1)


 


 
 
 
 
 


 


Government
426.8

 
27.0

 
16.2

 

 
437.6

 

Other
5,077.2

 
286.4

 
90.9

 

 
5,272.7

 

Total foreign securities
5,504.0

 
313.4

 
107.1

 

 
5,710.3

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
1,628.1

 
128.6

 
12.7

 
19.3

 
1,763.3

 
0.5

Non-Agency
302.9

 
55.8

 
8.6

 
13.6

 
363.7

 
14.1

Total Residential mortgage-backed securities
1,931.0

 
184.4

 
21.3

 
32.9

 
2,127.0

 
14.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
607.8

 
71.4

 

 

 
679.2

 
4.4

Other asset-backed securities
482.9

 
19.7

 
3.7

 

 
498.9

 
3.2

Total fixed maturities, including securities pledged
19,800.8

 
1,245.8

 
360.4

 
32.9

 
20,719.1

 
24.1

Less: Securities pledged
178.0

 
9.4

 
7.0

 

 
180.4

 

Total fixed maturities
19,622.8

 
1,236.4

 
353.4

 
32.9

 
20,538.7

 
24.1

Equity securities
111.2

 
16.1

 

 

 
127.3

 

Total fixed maturities and equity securities investments
$
19,734.0

 
$
1,252.5

 
$
353.4

 
$
32.9

 
$
20,666.0

 
$
24.1

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
(2) Embedded derivatives within fixed maturity securities are reported with the host investment. The changes in fair value of embedded derivatives are reported in Other net realized capital gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(3) Represents Other-than Temporary-Impairments ("OTTI") reported as a component of Other comprehensive income.
Available-for-sale and FVO fixed maturities and equity securities were as follows as of December 31, 2012:
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Capital
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Capital
Losses
 
Embedded Derivatives(2)
 
Fair
Value
 
OTTI(3)
Fixed maturities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasuries
$
1,011.5

 
$
135.6

 
$
0.5

 
$

 
$
1,146.6

 
$

U.S. Government agencies and authorities
379.4

 
17.6

 

 

 
397.0

 

State, municipalities and political subdivisions
77.2

 
15.9

 

 

 
93.1

 

U.S. corporate securities
9,438.0

 
1,147.4

 
11.1

 

 
10,574.3

 
2.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign securities(1):


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Government
439.7

 
57.4

 
1.1

 

 
496.0

 

Other
4,570.0

 
501.3

 
15.3

 

 
5,056.0

 

Total foreign securities
5,009.7

 
558.7

 
16.4

 

 
5,552.0

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency
1,679.5

 
181.5

 
3.4

 
33.7

 
1,891.3

 
0.6

Non-Agency
390.9

 
70.0

 
14.7

 
20.0

 
466.2

 
17.4

Total Residential mortgage-backed securities
2,070.4

 
251.5

 
18.1

 
53.7

 
2,357.5

 
18.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
748.7

 
90.6

 
0.2

 

 
839.1

 
4.4

Other asset-backed securities
475.7

 
26.6

 
6.7

 

 
495.6

 
3.1

Total fixed maturities, including securities pledged
19,210.6

 
2,243.9

 
53.0

 
53.7

 
21,455.2

 
27.5

Less: Securities pledged
207.2

 
13.0

 
0.5

 

 
219.7

 

Total fixed maturities
19,003.4

 
2,230.9

 
52.5

 
53.7

 
21,235.5

 
27.5

Equity securities
129.3

 
13.6

 
0.1

 

 
142.8

 

Total fixed maturities and equity securities investments
$
19,132.7

 
$
2,244.5

 
$
52.6

 
$
53.7

 
$
21,378.3

 
$
27.5

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
(2) Embedded derivatives within fixed maturity securities are reported with the host investment. The changes in fair value of embedded derivatives are reported in Other net realized capital gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(3) Represents OTTI reported as a component of Other comprehensive income.

Investments Classifed by Contractual Maturity Date
The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities, including securities pledged, as of September 30, 2013, are shown below by contractual maturity. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities as securities may be restructured, called or prepaid. Mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") and Other asset-backed securities ("ABS") are shown separately because they are not due at a single maturity date.
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
Due to mature:
 
 
 
One year or less
$
570.1

 
$
591.4

After one year through five years
4,171.7

 
4,437.9

After five years through ten years
6,281.1

 
6,462.9

After ten years
5,756.2

 
5,921.8

Mortgage-backed securities
2,538.8

 
2,806.2

Other asset-backed securities
482.9

 
498.9

Fixed maturities, including securities pledged
$
19,800.8

 
$
20,719.1

U.S. and Foreign Corporate Securities by Industry
The following tables set forth the composition of the U.S. and foreign corporate securities within the fixed maturity portfolio by industry category as of the dates indicated:
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross Unrealized Capital Gains
 
Gross Unrealized Capital Losses
 
Fair Value
September 30, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Communications
$
1,327.7

 
$
78.9

 
$
40.9

 
$
1,365.7

Financial
1,999.8

 
161.0

 
22.0

 
2,138.8

Industrial and other companies
8,896.5

 
440.0

 
206.6

 
9,129.9

Utilities
2,628.0

 
167.1

 
37.8

 
2,757.3

Transportation
435.2

 
24.0

 
9.4

 
449.8

Total
$
15,287.2

 
$
871.0

 
$
316.7

 
$
15,841.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Communications
$
1,154.1

 
$
161.4

 
$
0.9

 
$
1,314.6

Financial
1,859.3

 
240.1

 
10.9

 
2,088.5

Industrial and other companies
7,883.1

 
850.9

 
6.9

 
8,727.1

Utilities
2,715.4

 
349.8

 
7.3

 
3,057.9

Transportation
396.1

 
46.5

 
0.4

 
442.2

Total
$
14,008.0

 
$
1,648.7

 
$
26.4

 
$
15,630.3

Schedule of Unrealized Loss on Investments
Unrealized capital losses (including noncredit impairments), along with the fair value of fixed maturity securities, including securities pledged, by market sector and duration were as follows as of September 30, 2013:
 
Six Months or Less
Below Amortized Cost
 
More Than Six
Months and Twelve
Months or Less
Below Amortized Cost
 
More Than Twelve
Months Below
Amortized Cost
 
Total
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Capital Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Capital Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Capital Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Capital Losses
U.S. Treasuries
$
144.5

 
$
2.4

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
144.5

 
$
2.4

U.S. corporate, state and municipalities
3,116.0

 
183.4

 
294.7

 
35.6

 
40.9

 
6.9

 
3,451.6

 
225.9

Foreign
1,280.2

 
82.3

 
158.5

 
19.4

 
39.6

 
5.4

 
1,478.3

 
107.1

Residential mortgage-backed
299.3

 
8.8

 
19.7

 
1.0

 
108.1

 
11.5

 
427.1

 
21.3

Commercial mortgage-backed
3.8

 

 
0.1

 

 

 

 
3.9

 

Other asset-backed
56.2

 
0.2

 
6.1

 

 
26.5

 
3.5

 
88.8

 
3.7

Total
$
4,900.0

 
$
277.1

 
$
479.1

 
$
56.0

 
$
215.1

 
$
27.3

 
$
5,594.2

 
$
360.4


Unrealized capital losses (including noncredit impairments), along with the fair value of fixed maturity securities, including securities pledged, by market sector and duration were as follows as of December 31, 2012:
 
Six Months or Less
Below Amortized Cost
 
More Than Six
Months and Twelve
Months or Less
Below Amortized Cost
 
More Than Twelve
Months Below
Amortized Cost
 
Total
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Capital Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Capital Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Capital Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Capital Losses
U.S. Treasuries
$
300.0

 
$
0.5

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
300.0

 
$
0.5

U.S. corporate, state and municipalities
479.8

 
6.8

 
22.5

 
0.9

 
49.4

 
3.4

 
551.7

 
11.1

Foreign
166.8

 
4.7

 
7.8

 
0.5

 
87.7

 
11.2

 
262.3

 
16.4

Residential mortgage-backed
68.7

 
1.6

 
7.2

 
0.3

 
132.4

 
16.2

 
208.3

 
18.1

Commercial mortgage-backed
7.5

 
0.1

 
1.6

 

 
2.5

 
0.1

 
11.6

 
0.2

Other asset-backed
15.6

 

 

 

 
34.2

 
6.7

 
49.8

 
6.7

Total
$
1,038.4

 
$
13.7

 
$
39.1

 
$
1.7

 
$
306.2

 
$
37.6

 
$
1,383.7

 
$
53.0

Risk Exposure to Securities Based on Credit Quality
The following tables summarize the Company's exposure to CMBS holdings by credit quality using NAIC designations, ARO ratings and vintage year as of the dates indicated:
 
% of Total CMBS
 
NAIC Designation
 
ARO Ratings
 
Vintage
September 30, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
99.4
%
 
AAA
48.6
%
 
2007
30.5
%
 
2
%
 
AA
14.6
%
 
2006
24.4
%
 
3
0.6
%
 
A
8.0
%
 
2005 and prior
45.1
%
 
4
%
 
BBB
7.1
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
5
%
 
BB and below
21.7
%
 
 
 
 
6
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
99.9
%
 
AAA
54.1
%
 
2007
28.7
%
 
2
%
 
AA
17.1
%
 
2006
20.4
%
 
3
0.1
%
 
A
8.4
%
 
2005 and prior
50.9
%
 
4
%
 
BBB
5.3
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
5
%
 
BB and below
15.1
%
 
 
 
 
6
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following tables summarize the Company's exposure to subprime mortgage-backed securities by credit quality using NAIC designations, ARO ratings and vintage year as of the dates indicated:
 
% of Total Subprime Mortgage-backed Securities
 
NAIC Designation
 
ARO Ratings
 
Vintage
September 30, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
68.3
%
 
AAA
0.1
%
 
2007
7.0
%
 
2
2.7
%
 
AA
2.6
%
 
2006
7.0
%
 
3
19.1
%
 
A
13.0
%
 
2005 and prior
86.0
%
 
4
9.6
%
 
BBB
20.8
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
5
%
 
BB and below
63.5
%
 
 
 
 
6
0.3
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
67.8
%
 
AAA
3.2
%
 
2007
8.0
%
 
2
3.2
%
 
AA
%
 
2006
6.0
%
 
3
19.6
%
 
A
16.2
%
 
2005 and prior
86.0
%
 
4
8.7
%
 
BBB
21.5
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
5
0.5
%
 
BB and below
59.1
%
 
 
 
 
6
0.2
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following tables summarize the Company's exposure to Alt-A residential mortgage-backed securities by credit quality using NAIC designations, ARO ratings and vintage year as of the dates indicated:
 
% of Total Alt-A Mortgage-backed Securities
 
NAIC Designation
 
ARO Ratings
 
Vintage
September 30, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
43.2
%
 
AAA
0.1
%
 
2007
14.3
%
 
2
12.8
%
 
AA
%
 
2006
29.8
%
 
3
30.6
%
 
A
2.9
%
 
2005 and prior
55.9
%
 
4
11.4
%
 
BBB
3.5
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
5
2.0
%
 
BB and below
93.5
%
 
 
 
 
6
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
33.4
%
 
AAA
0.2
%
 
2007
13.8
%
 
2
12.4
%
 
AA
1.4
%
 
2006
29.3
%
 
3
21.0
%
 
A
3.4
%
 
2005 and prior
56.9
%
 
4
30.3
%
 
BBB
5.6
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
5
2.3
%
 
BB and below
89.4
%
 
 
 
 
6
0.6
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following tables summarize the Company's exposure to Other ABS holdings, excluding subprime exposure, by credit quality using NAIC designations, ARO ratings and vintage year as of the dates indicated:
 
% of Total Other ABS
 
NAIC Designation
 
ARO Ratings
 
Vintage
September 30, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
99.4
%
 
AAA
90.5
%
 
2013
9.0
%
 
2
0.5
%
 
AA
2.7
%
 
2012
21.0
%
 
3
0.1
%
 
A
6.2
%
 
2011
11.7
%
 
4
%
 
BBB
0.5
%
 
2010
5.0
%
 
5
%
 
BB and below
0.1
%
 
2009
0.3
%
 
6
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
2008
8.1
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
2007 and prior
44.9
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
98.3
%
 
AAA
88.4
%
 
2012
21.4
%
 
2
1.6
%
 
AA
1.9
%
 
2011
12.2
%
 
3
0.1
%
 
A
8.0
%
 
2010
5.7
%
 
4
%
 
BBB
1.6
%
 
2009
0.3
%
 
5
%
 
BB and below
0.1
%
 
2008
9.5
%
 
6
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
2007
22.9
%
 
 
100.0
%
 
 
 
 
2006 and prior
28.0
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100.0
%
Schedule of Mortgage Loans Real Estate and Valuation Allowance
The following table summarizes the Company's investment in mortgage loans as of the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
Commercial mortgage loans
$
3,284.2

 
$
2,874.0

Collective valuation allowance
(1.4
)
 
(1.3
)
Total net commercial mortgage loans
$
3,282.8

 
$
2,872.7

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for losses for all commercial mortgage loans for the periods indicated:
 
September 30, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
Collective valuation allowance for losses, balance at January 1
$
1.3

 
$
1.3

Addition to (reduction of) allowance for losses
0.1

 

Collective valuation allowance for losses, end of period
$
1.4

 
$
1.3

Impaired Financing Receivables
The following table presents information on the average investment during the period in impaired loans and interest income recognized on impaired and troubled debt restructured loans for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
Impaired loans, average investment during the period (amortized cost)
$
24.2

 
$
5.7

Interest income recognized on impaired loans, on an accrual basis
0.5

 
0.1

Interest income recognized on impaired loans, on a cash basis
0.5

 
0.1

Interest income recognized on troubled debt restructured loans, on an accrual basis
0.4

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
Impaired loans, average investment during the period (amortized cost)
$
24.3

 
$
5.8

Interest income recognized on impaired loans, on an accrual basis
0.7

 
0.3

Interest income recognized on impaired loans, on a cash basis
0.7

 
0.3

Interest income recognized on troubled debt restructured loans, on an accrual basis
0.4

 

The carrying values and unpaid principal balances of impaired mortgage loans were as follows as of the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
Impaired loans with allowances for losses
$

 
$

Impaired loans without allowances for losses
42.9

 
5.6

Subtotal
42.9

 
5.6

Less: Allowances for losses on impaired loans

 

Impaired loans, net
$
42.9

 
$
5.6

Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans
$
44.4

 
$
7.1

Troubled Debt Restructurings on Financing Receivables
The following table presents information on restructured loans as of the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
Troubled debt restructured loans
$
37.5

 
$

Loans Receivable, Grouped by Loan to Value and Debt Service Coverage Ratio
Loan-to-value ("LTV") and debt service coverage ("DSC") ratios are measures commonly used to assess the risk and quality of mortgage loans. The LTV ratio, calculated at time of origination, is expressed as a percentage of the amount of the loan relative to the value of the underlying property. A LTV ratio in excess of 100% indicates the unpaid loan amount exceeds the underlying collateral. The DSC ratio, based upon the most recently received financial statements, is expressed as a percentage of the amount of a property’s net income to its debt service payments. A DSC ratio of less than 1.0 indicates that a property’s operations do not generate sufficient income to cover debt payments. These ratios are utilized as part of the review process described above.

The following table presents the LTV ratios as of the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2013(1)
 
December 31, 2012(1)
Loan-to-Value Ratio:
 
 
 
0% - 50%
$
499.4

 
$
501.3

50% - 60%
859.2

 
768.9

60% - 70%
1,797.2

 
1,491.6

70% - 80%
115.4

 
96.4

80% and above
13.0

 
15.8

Total Commercial mortgage loans
$
3,284.2

 
$
2,874.0

(1) Balances do not include allowance for mortgage loan credit losses.

The following table presents the DSC ratios as of the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2013(1)
 
December 31, 2012(1)
Debt Service Coverage Ratio:
 
 
 
Greater than 1.5x
$
2,392.0

 
$
2,114.4

1.25x - 1.5x
512.9

 
390.5

1.0x - 1.25x
257.1

 
293.1

Less than 1.0x
122.2

 
76.0

Total Commercial mortgage loans
$
3,284.2

 
$
2,874.0

(1) Balances do not include allowance for mortgage loan credit losses.

Mortgage Loans by Geographic Location of Collateral
Properties collateralizing mortgage loans are geographically dispersed throughout the United States, as well as diversified by property type, as reflected in the following tables as of the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2013(1)
 
December 31, 2012(1)
 
Gross
Carrying Value
 
% of
Total
 
Gross
Carrying Value
 
% of
Total
Commercial Mortgage Loans by U.S. Region:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pacific
$
651.0

 
19.8
%
 
$
564.1

 
19.6
%
South Atlantic
679.9

 
20.7
%
 
561.0

 
19.5
%
West South Central
501.3

 
15.3
%
 
460.4

 
16.0
%
Middle Atlantic
407.6

 
12.4
%
 
332.7

 
11.6
%
East North Central
376.5

 
11.5
%
 
337.8

 
11.8
%
Mountain
250.1

 
7.6
%
 
214.5

 
7.5
%
West North Central
223.2

 
6.8
%
 
205.2

 
7.1
%
New England
116.2

 
3.5
%
 
119.1

 
4.1
%
East South Central
78.4

 
2.4
%
 
79.2

 
2.8
%
Total Commercial mortgage loans
$
3,284.2

 
100.0
%
 
$
2,874.0

 
100.0
%
(1) Balances do not include allowance for mortgage loan credit losses.
 
September 30, 2013(1)
 
December 31, 2012(1)
 
Gross
Carrying Value
 
% of
Total
 
Gross
Carrying Value
 
% of
Total
Commercial Mortgage Loans by Property Type:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Industrial
$
1,028.6

 
31.3
%
 
$
1,035.2

 
36.0
%
Retail
1,041.2

 
31.6
%
 
824.0

 
28.7
%
Office
448.9

 
13.7
%
 
427.0

 
14.8
%
Apartments
372.8

 
11.4
%
 
298.7

 
10.4
%
Hotel/Motel
139.7

 
4.3
%
 
92.1

 
3.2
%
Mixed Use
70.2

 
2.1
%
 
34.2

 
1.2
%
Other
182.8

 
5.6
%
 
162.8

 
5.7
%
Total Commercial mortgage loans
$
3,284.2

 
100.0
%
 
$
2,874.0

 
100.0
%

Mortgage Loans by Property Type of Collateral
 
September 30, 2013(1)
 
December 31, 2012(1)
 
Gross
Carrying Value
 
% of
Total
 
Gross
Carrying Value
 
% of
Total
Commercial Mortgage Loans by Property Type:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Industrial
$
1,028.6

 
31.3
%
 
$
1,035.2

 
36.0
%
Retail
1,041.2

 
31.6
%
 
824.0

 
28.7
%
Office
448.9

 
13.7
%
 
427.0

 
14.8
%
Apartments
372.8

 
11.4
%
 
298.7

 
10.4
%
Hotel/Motel
139.7

 
4.3
%
 
92.1

 
3.2
%
Mixed Use
70.2

 
2.1
%
 
34.2

 
1.2
%
Other
182.8

 
5.6
%
 
162.8

 
5.7
%
Total Commercial mortgage loans
$
3,284.2

 
100.0
%
 
$
2,874.0

 
100.0
%

(1) Balances do not include allowance for mortgage loan credit losses.

Mortgage Loans by Year of Origination
The following table sets forth the breakdown of mortgages by year of origination as of the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2013(1)
 
December 31, 2012(1)
Year of Origination:
 
 
 
2013
$
582.2

 
$

2012
916.7

 
939.0

2011
811.9

 
836.9

2010
121.7

 
124.0

2009
68.7

 
73.0

2008
94.7

 
119.0

2007 and prior
688.3

 
782.1

Total Commercial mortgage loans
$
3,284.2

 
$
2,874.0

(1) Balances do not include allowance for mortgage loan credit losses.

Other than Temporary Impairment, Credit Losses Recognized in Earnings
The following tables identify the Company's credit-related and intent-related impairments included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, excluding impairments included in Other comprehensive income (loss) by type for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
Impairment
 
No. of Securities
 
Impairment
 
No. of Securities
U.S. corporate
$

 

 
$
1.3

 
1

Foreign(1)

 

 

 

Residential mortgage-backed
0.4

 
14

 
2.9

 
23

Commercial mortgage-backed
0.1

 
1

 

 

Other asset-backed
0.2

 
1

 
0.4

 
3

Equity securities
0.1

 
1

 

 

Total
$
0.8

 
17

 
$
4.6

 
27

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
Impairment
 
No. of Securities
 
Impairment
 
No. of Securities
U.S. corporate
$

 

 
$
1.5

 
2

Foreign(1)

 

 
0.8

 
3

Residential mortgage-backed
2.2

 
32

 
4.5

 
30

Commercial mortgage-backed
0.2

 
3

 

 

Other asset-backed
0.2

 
1

 
0.8

 
4

Equity securities
0.1

 
1

 

 

Total
$
2.7

 
37

 
$
7.6

 
39

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Net Investment Income
The following table summarizes Net investment income for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Fixed maturities
$
292.2

 
$
308.2

 
$
900.5

 
$
916.2

Equity securities, available-for-sale
1.7

 
2.6

 
1.6

 
6.7

Mortgage loans on real estate
39.0

 
35.0

 
116.5

 
106.1

Policy loans
3.2

 
3.3

 
9.6

 
9.9

Short-term investments and cash equivalents
0.2

 
0.3

 
0.7

 
0.8

Other
3.9

 
6.3

 
26.8

 
2.9

Gross investment income
340.2

 
355.7

 
1,055.7

 
1,042.6

Less: Investment expenses
12.0

 
11.0

 
36.4

 
34.0

Net investment income
$
328.2

 
$
344.7

 
$
1,019.3

 
$
1,008.6

Realized Gain (Loss) on Investments
Net realized capital gains (losses) were as follows for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, including securities pledged
$
(6.5
)
 
$
1.5

 
$
(8.7
)
 
$
58.8

Fixed maturities, at fair value option
(26.0
)
 
(31.7
)
 
(131.1
)
 
(78.0
)
Equity securities, available-for-sale
0.1

 
(0.2
)
 
0.1

 
(0.2
)
Derivatives
(10.1
)
 
(12.7
)
 
(71.9
)
 
13.5

Embedded derivative - fixed maturities
(3.6
)
 
(4.1
)
 
(20.8
)
 
(4.3
)
Embedded derivative - product guarantees
17.9

 
21.3

 
94.4

 
110.8

Other investments
0.1

 
0.2

 
(0.1
)
 
(0.2
)
Net realized capital gains (losses)
$
(28.1
)
 
$
(25.7
)
 
$
(138.1
)
 
$
100.4

After-tax net realized capital gains (losses)
$
(46.9
)
 
$
(6.7
)
 
$
(120.3
)
 
$
65.3


Gain (Loss) on Investments
Proceeds from the sale of fixed maturities and equity securities, available-for-sale and the related gross realized gains and losses, before tax were as follows for the periods indicated:
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
Proceeds on sales
$
1,206.3

 
$
2,261.4

Gross gains
10.6

 
77.4

Gross losses
16.4

 
10.9

Intent related impairment
 
Available-for-sale Securities Including Securities Pledged [Line Items]  
Other than Temporary Impairment, Credit Losses Recognized in Earnings
The following tables summarize these intent impairments, which are also recognized in earnings, by type for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
Impairment
 
No. of Securities
 
Impairment
 
No. of Securities
U.S. corporate
$

 

 
$

 

Foreign(1)

 

 

 

Residential mortgage-backed

*
2

 

 

Commercial mortgage-backed
0.1

 
1

 

 

Other asset-backed

 

 

 

Total
$
0.1

 
3

 
$

 

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
* Less than $0.1.
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
Impairment
 
No. of Securities
 
Impairment
 
No. of Securities
U.S. corporate
$

 

 
$
0.2

 
1

Foreign(1)

 

 
0.8

 
3

Residential mortgage-backed

*
2

 

 

Commercial mortgage-backed
0.2

 
3

 

 

Other asset-backed

 

 
0.1

 
1

Total
$
0.2

 
5

 
$
1.1

 
5

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
* Less than $0.1.

Credit related impairment
 
Available-for-sale Securities Including Securities Pledged [Line Items]  
Other than Temporary Impairment, Credit Losses Recognized in Earnings
The following tables identify the amount of credit impairments on fixed maturities for which a portion of the OTTI loss was recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) and the corresponding changes in such amounts for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
Balance at July 1
$
20.2

 
$
20.0

Additional credit impairments:
 
 
 
On securities not previously impaired
0.3

 

On securities previously impaired
0.4

 
3.1

Reductions:
 
 
 
Securities intent impaired

 

Securities sold, matured, prepaid or paid down
(1.1
)
 
(2.5
)
Balance at September 30
$
19.8

 
$
20.6

 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
Balance at January 1
$
20.0

 
$
19.5

Additional credit impairments:
 
 
 
On securities not previously impaired
1.1

 
0.1

On securities previously impaired
1.4

 
4.8

Reductions:
 
 
 
Securities intent impaired

 

Securities sold, matured, prepaid or paid down
(2.7
)
 
(3.8
)
Balance at September 30
$
19.8

 
$
20.6

Duration
 
Available-for-sale Securities Including Securities Pledged [Line Items]  
Schedule of Unrealized Loss on Investments
Unrealized capital losses (including noncredit impairments) in fixed maturities, including securities pledged, for instances in which fair value declined below amortized cost by greater than or less than 20% for consecutive months as indicated in the tables below, were as follows as of the dates indicated:
 
Amortized Cost
 
Unrealized Capital Losses
 
Number of Securities
 
< 20%
 
> 20%
 
< 20%
 
> 20%
 
< 20%
 
> 20%
September 30, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months or less below amortized cost
$
5,193.1

 
$
66.7

 
$
279.3

 
$
15.5

 
702

 
14

More than six months and twelve months or less below amortized cost
503.6

 
1.1

 
46.5

 
0.4

 
84

 
2

More than twelve months below amortized cost
166.7

 
23.4

 
12.8

 
5.9

 
102

 
9

Total
$
5,863.4

 
$
91.2

 
$
338.6

 
$
21.8

 
888

 
25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six months or less below amortized cost
$
1,110.8

 
$
15.2

 
$
19.3

 
$
3.9

 
141

 
10

More than six months and twelve months or less below amortized cost
49.5

 
1.5

 
2.6

 
0.4

 
31

 
2

More than twelve months below amortized cost
198.1

 
61.6

 
6.2

 
20.6

 
99

 
28

Total
$
1,358.4

 
$
78.3

 
$
28.1

 
$
24.9

 
271

 
40

Market Sector (Type of Security)
 
Available-for-sale Securities Including Securities Pledged [Line Items]  
Schedule of Unrealized Loss on Investments
Unrealized capital losses (including noncredit impairments) in fixed maturities, including securities pledged, by market sector for instances in which fair value declined below amortized cost by greater than or less than 20% were as follows as of the dates indicated:
 
Amortized Cost
 
Unrealized Capital Losses
 
Number of Securities
 
< 20%
 
> 20%
 
< 20%
 
> 20%
 
< 20%
 
> 20%
September 30, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasuries
$
146.9

 
$

 
$
2.4

 
$

 
3

 

U.S. corporate, state and municipalities
3,641.8

 
35.7

 
217.1

 
8.8

 
478

 
5

Foreign
1,546.0

 
39.4

 
98.5

 
8.6

 
220

 
6

Residential mortgage-backed
436.8

 
11.6

 
18.2

 
3.1

 
157

 
10

Commercial mortgage-backed
3.9

 

 

 

 
3

 

Other asset-backed
88.0

 
4.5

 
2.4

 
1.3

 
27

 
4

Total
$
5,863.4

 
$
91.2

 
$
338.6

 
$
21.8

 
888

 
25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasuries
$
300.5

 
$

 
$
0.5

 
$

 
2

 

U.S. corporate, state and municipalities
558.1

 
4.7

 
9.1

 
2.0

 
82

 
2

Foreign
242.7

 
36.0

 
5.7

 
10.7

 
38

 
8

Residential mortgage-backed
201.2

 
25.2

 
10.2

 
7.9

 
124

 
24

Commercial mortgage-backed
11.8

 

 
0.2

 

 
8

 

Other asset-backed
44.1

 
12.4

 
2.4

 
4.3

 
17

 
6

Total
$
1,358.4

 
$
78.3

 
$
28.1

 
$
24.9

 
271

 
40