Note 1 - Basis of Presentation	3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]	NOTE 1 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION The consolidated financial statements of Middlefield Banc Corp. ("Company") include its bank subsidiary, The Middlefield Banking Company (“MBC” or “Middlefield Bank”), and a nonbank asset resolution subsidiary EMORECO, Inc. All significant inter-company items have been eliminated. On March 13, 2019, MBC established a wholly owned subsidiary named Middlefield Investments, Inc. (MII), headquartered in Middlefield, Ohio. This operating subsidiary exists to hold and manage a portion of MBC’s investment portfolio. At March 31, 2019, MII’s assets consist of one cash account. MII may only hold and manage investments for MBC, and may not engage in any other activity without prior approval of the Ohio Division of Financial Institutions. All significant inter-company items have been eliminated between MBC and this subsidiary. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the instructions to Form 10 -Q and Article 10 of Regulation S- X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Form 10 -K for the year ended December 31, 2018. The interim consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring items) that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods disclosed herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements – In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 - 02, Leases (Topic 842 ) . The standard requires lessees to recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases on the balance sheet. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. A short-term lease is defined as one in which (a) the lease term is 12 months or less and (b) there is not an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. For short-term leases, lessees may elect to recognize lease payments over the lease term on a straight-line basis. For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those years. For all other entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The amendments should be applied at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach with earlier application permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016 - 02 which resulted in the recording of finance lease assets and liabilities of $2.8 million and operating lease assets and liabilities of $2.1 million on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note 9 to the financial statements. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements – In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 - 13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“CECL”) , which changes the impairment model for most financial assets. This Update is intended to improve financial reporting by requiring timelier recording of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments held by financial institutions and other organizations. The underlying premise of the Update is that financial assets measured at amortized cost should be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, through an allowance for credit losses that is deducted from the amortized cost basis. The allowance for credit losses should reflect management’s current estimate of credit losses that are expected to occur over the remaining life of a financial asset. The income statement will be effected for the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the expected increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. ASU 2016 - 13 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. With certain exceptions, transition to the new requirements will be through a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. The CECL model has been completed by the Company and runs concurrently with the existing incurred loss model each month. Management continues monitoring model output, with final assumption changes expected to be made in the third quarter. Management anticipates the model to be validated by a third -party by December 31, 2019.

NOTE

- BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The consolidated financial statements of Middlefield Banc Corp. ("Company") include its bank subsidiary, The Middlefield Banking Company (“MBC” or “Middlefield Bank”), and a nonbank asset resolution subsidiary EMORECO, Inc. All significant inter-company items have been eliminated.

March 13, 2019,

MBC established a wholly owned subsidiary named Middlefield Investments, Inc. (MII), headquartered in Middlefield, Ohio. This operating subsidiary exists to hold and manage a portion of MBC’s investment portfolio. At

March 31, 2019,

MII’s assets consist of

one

cash account. MII

may

only hold and manage investments for MBC, and

may

not

engage in any other activity without prior approval of the Ohio Division of Financial Institutions. All significant inter-company items have been eliminated between MBC and this subsidiary.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the instructions to Form

-Q and Article

of Regulation S-

Accordingly, they do

not

include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Form

-K for the year ended

December

31,

2018.

The interim consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring items) that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods disclosed herein are

not

necessarily indicative of the results that

may

be expected for a full year.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements –

February 2016,

the FASB issued ASU

2016

02,

Leases (Topic

842

)

. The standard requires lessees to recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases on the balance sheet. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. A short-term lease is defined as

one

in which (a) the lease term is

months or less and (b) there is

not

an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. For short-term leases, lessees

may

elect to recognize lease payments over the lease term on a straight-line basis. For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2018,

and interim periods within those years. For all other entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2019,

and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2020.

The amendments should be applied at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach with earlier application permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. On

January 1, 2019,

the Company adopted ASU

2016

which resulted in the recording of finance lease assets and liabilities of

$2.8

million and operating lease assets and liabilities of

$2.1

million on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note

to the financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements –

June 2016,

the FASB issued ASU

2016

13,

Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“CECL”)

, which changes the impairment model for most financial assets. This Update is intended to improve financial reporting by requiring timelier recording of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments held by financial institutions and other organizations. The underlying premise of the Update is that financial assets measured at amortized cost should be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, through an allowance for credit losses that is deducted from the amortized cost basis. The allowance for credit losses should reflect management’s current estimate of credit losses that are expected to occur over the remaining life of a financial asset. The income statement will be effected for the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the expected increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. ASU

2016

is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after

December 15, 2019,

and early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods beginning after

December 15, 2018.

With certain exceptions, transition to the new requirements will be through a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings as of the beginning of the

first

reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. The CECL model has been completed by the Company and runs concurrently with the existing incurred loss model each month. Management continues monitoring model output, with final assumption changes expected to be made in the

third

quarter. Management anticipates the model to be validated by a

third

-party by

December 31, 2019.