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Note 17 - Regulatory Capital (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Notes Tables  
Schedule of Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Table Text Block]
   
As of December 31, 2016
  
    Leverage     
Tier 1 Risk Based
    
Common Equity Tier 1
    
Total Risk Based
  
The Middlefield Banking Company
    
9.46
 %    
13.03
 %    
13.03
 %    
14.25
 %
Middlefield Banc Corp.
    
9.27
 %    
13.07
 %    
13.07
 %    
15.75
 %
Adequately capitalized ratio
    
4.00
 %    
6.00
 %    
4.50
 %    
8.00
 %
Adequately capitalized ratio plus capital conservation buffer
    
4.00
 %    
8.50
 %    
7.00
 %    
10.50
 %
Well-capitalized ratio (Bank only)
    
5.00
 %    
8.00
 %    
6.50
 %    
10.00
 %
   
As of December 31, 2015
  
    Leverage     
Tier 1 Risk Based
    
Common Equity Tier 1
    
Total Risk Based
  
The Middlefield Banking Company
    
9.23
 %    
12.52
 %    
12.52
 %    
13.73
 %
Middlefield Banc Corp.
    
8.69
 %    
12.00
 %    
12.00
 %    
13.20
 %
Adequately capitalized ratio
    
4.00
 %    
6.00
 %    
4.50
 %    
8.00
 %
Adequately capitalized ratio plus capital conservation buffer
    
4.00
 %    
8.50
 %    
7.00
 %    
10.50
 %
Well-capitalized ratio (Bank only)
    
5.00
 %    
8.00
 %    
6.50
 %    
10.00
 %