Note 22 - Assets and Liabilities Measured and Reported at Fair Value

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Notes to Financial Statements

Fair Value Measurement and Measurement Inputs, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Text Block]

(22) Assets and Liabilities Measured and Reported at Fair Value

Fair value represents the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2 – Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 – Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

Authoritative guidance requires maximization of use of observable inputs and minimization of use of unobservable inputs in fair value measurements. Where there exists limited or no observable market data, Bancorp derives its own estimates by generally considering characteristics of the asset/liability, the current economic and competitive environment and other factors. For this reason, results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized on an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability.

Bancorp used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value of each type of financial instrument:

AFS debt securities - Except for Bancorp’s U.S Treasury securities, the fair value of AFS debt securities is typically determined by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities, but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). Bancorp’s U.S. Treasury securities are based on quoted market prices (Level 1 inputs).

Mortgage loans held for sale - The fair value of mortgage loans held for sale is determined using quoted secondary market prices (Level 2 inputs).

Mortgage banking derivatives – Mortgage banking derivatives used in the ordinary course of business consist primarily of interest rate lock loan commitments and mandatory forward sales contracts. The fair value of Bancorp’s derivative instruments is primarily measured by obtaining pricing from broker-dealers recognized to be market participants. The pricing is derived from observable market inputs that can generally be verified and do not typically involve significant judgement by Bancorp (Level 2 inputs).

Interest rate swap agreements – Interest rate swaps are valued using valuations received from the relevant dealer counterparty. These valuations consider multiple observable market inputs, including interest rate yield curves, time value and volatility factors (Level 2 inputs).

Carrying values of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis follows:

	Fair Value Measurements Using:						Total
December 31, 2023 (in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value
Assets:
Available for sale debt securities:
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government obligations	$	116,269	$	—	$	—	$	116,269
Government sponsored enterprise obligations		—		99,847		—		99,847
Mortgage backed securities - government agencies		—		688,039		—		688,039
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		—		123,490		—		123,490
Other		—		3,534		—		3,534
Total available for sale debt securities		116,269		914,910		—		1,031,179
Mortgage loans held for sale		—		6,056		—		6,056
Rate lock loan commitments		—		174		—		174
Interest rate swap assets		—		5,133		—		5,133
Total assets	$	116,269	$	926,273	$	—	$	1,042,542
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap liabilities	$	—	$	5,378	$	—	$	5,378
Mandatory forward contracts		—		43		—		43
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	5,421	$	—	$	5,421

	Fair Value Measurements Using:						Total
December 31, 2022 (in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value
Assets:
Available for sale debt securities:
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government obligations	$	115,039	$	—	$	—	$	115,039
Government sponsored enterprise obligations		—		143,626		—		143,626
Mortgage backed securities - government agencies		—		752,738		—		752,738
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		—		127,599		—		127,599
Other		—		5,615		—		5,615
Total available for sale debt securities		115,039		1,029,578		—		1,144,617
Mortgage loans held for sale		—		2,606		—		2,606
Rate lock loan commitments		—		137		—		137
Mandatory forward contracts		—		47		—		47
Interest rate swaps		—		10,727		—		10,727
Total assets	$	115,039	$	1,043,095	$	—	$	1,158,134
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps	$	—	$	10,737	$	—	$	10,737

Bancorp had no financial instruments classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2023 or 2022. There were no transfers into or out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy during 2023 or 2022. 

For the securities portfolio, Bancorp monitors the valuation technique used by pricing agencies to ascertain when transfers between levels have occurred. The nature of other assets and liabilities measured at fair value is such that transfers in and out of any level are expected to be rare. For the year ended December 31, 2023, there were no transfers between Levels 1, 2, or 3.

Discussion of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis follows:

Collateral dependent loans – For collateral-dependent loans where Bancorp has determined that the liquidation or foreclosure of the collateral is probable, or where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the Company expects repayment of the loan to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, the ACL is measured based on the difference between the estimated fair value of the collateral and the amortized cost basis of the loan as of the measurement date. For real estate loans, fair value of the loan’s collateral is determined by third party or internal appraisals, which are then adjusted for the estimated selling and closing costs related to liquidation of the collateral. For this asset class, the actual valuation methods (income, comparable sales, or cost) vary based on the status of the project or property. The unobservable inputs may vary depending on the individual assets with no one of the three methods being the predominant approach. Bancorp reviews the third party appraisal for appropriateness and adjusts the value to consider selling and closing costs, which typically range from 8% to 10% of the appraised value. For non-real estate loans, fair value of the loan’s collateral may be determined using an appraisal, net book value per the borrower’s financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation and management’s expertise or knowledge of the client and client’s business.

OREO – OREO is primarily comprised of real estate acquired in partial or full satisfaction of loans. OREO is recorded at its estimated fair value less estimated selling and closing costs at the date of transfer, with any excess of the related loan balance over the fair value less expected selling costs charged to the ACL. Subsequent changes in fair value are reported as adjustments to the carrying amount and are recorded against earnings. Bancorp obtains the valuation of OREO with material balances from third party appraisers. For this asset class, the actual valuation methods (income, sales comparable, or cost) vary based on the status of the project or property. The unobservable inputs may vary depending on the individual assets with no one of the three methods being the predominant approach. Bancorp reviews the appraisal for appropriateness and adjusts the value to consider selling and closing costs, which typically range from 8% to 10% of the appraised value.

Below are carrying values of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:

									Losses recorded for
(in thousands)	Fair Value Measurement Using:								the year ended
December 31, 2023	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Fair Value		December 31, 2023
Collateral dependent loans	$	—	$	—	$	13,561	$	13,561	$	1,681
Other real estate owned		—		—		10		10		25

									Losses recorded for
(in thousands)	Fair Value Measurement Using:								the year ended
December 31, 2022	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Fair Value		December 31, 2022
Collateral dependent loans	$	—	$	—	$	20,637	$	20,637	$	303
Other real estate owned		—		—		677		677		—

									Losses recorded for
(in thousands)	Fair Value Measurement Using:								the year ended
December 31, 2021	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Fair Value		December 31, 2021
Collateral dependent loans	$	—	$	—	$	4,487	$	4,487	$	891
Other real estate owned		—		—		7,212		7,212		17

There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements are presented below:

	December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Weighted Average Discount
Collateral dependent loans	$	13,561	Appraisal	Appraisal discounts		18.0	%
Other real estate owned		10	Appraisal	Appraisal discounts		93.0

	December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Weighted Average Discount
Impaired loans - collateral dependent	$	20,637	Appraisal	Appraisal discounts		23.3	%
Other real estate owned		677	Appraisal	Appraisal discounts		65.6