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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
Income tax expense for the quarter and year to date period ended June 30, 2017 was $2,947 and $5,801, for an effective tax rate for the quarter of 31.6 percent and for the year to date period of 27.8 percent. The effective tax rate differs from the 35 percent federal statutory rate on pretax income, primarily due to the impact of income tax benefits related to share-based compensation as accounted for in ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which was adopted by the Company during the quarter ended September 30, 2016, the domestic production activities deduction, and state tax planning, including state income tax credits in Indiana and Kansas. The Company updated its estimated annual effective tax rate to include the anticipated effects of the use of capital loss carryforwards and a release of the related $716 in valuation allowance for the quarter and year to date period ended June 30, 2017, resulting in a reduction of income tax expense of $364. This release was based upon the anticipated capital gain related to the Company’s sale of its 30 percent ownership interest in ICP (see Note 10). As of June 30, 2017, the Company has a remaining valuation allowance of $10 related to state net operating loss carry forwards in states in which the Company no longer files tax returns.

Income tax expense for the quarter and year to date period ended June 30, 2016, was $3,570 and $7,442, respectively, for an effective tax rate of 36.1 percent for the quarter and 35.8 percent for the year to date period. The primary reasons for the reduction in effective tax rate of 4.5 percentage points in the quarter ended June 30, 2017, are the state tax credits and the release of the valuation allowance. The primary reasons for the reduction in effective tax rate of 8.0 percentage points in the year to date period ended June 30, 2017, are the impact of ASU 2016-09 (see above), the state tax credits, and the release of the valuation allowance.