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Finance Receivables, Net
12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Finance Receivables, Net [Abstract]  
Finance Receivables, Net

Note 4 – Finance Receivables, Net

 

Finance receivables, net consist of retail and dealer accounts including accrued interest and deferred fees and costs, net of the allowance for credit losses and unearned income. Pledged receivables represent retail loan receivables that have been sold for legal purposes to securitization trusts but continue to be included in our consolidated financial statements. Cash flows from these receivables are available only for the repayment of debt issued by these trusts and other obligations arising from the securitization transactions. They are not available for payment of our other obligations or to satisfy claims of our other creditors.

        
(Dollars in millions)March 31, 2012 March 31, 2011
Retail receivables$ 35,020 $ 34,951
Pledged retail receivables  10,726   11,546
Dealer financing  12,865   12,189
    58,611   58,686
Deferred origination (fees) and costs, net  639   650
Unearned income  (684)   (846)
Allowance for credit losses      
 Retail and pledged retail receivables  (405)   (613)
 Dealer financing  (119)   (141)
  Total allowance for credit losses  (524)   (754)
Finance receivables, net$ 58,042 $ 57,736
  

Contractual maturities on retail receivables and dealer financing are as follows (dollars in millions):
         
    Contractual maturities
Years ending March 31, Retail receivables Dealer financing
2013 $ 13,606 $ 8,638
2014   11,740   2,239
2015   9,688   586
2016   6,589   490
2017   3,189   534
Thereafter   925   378
Total $ 45,737 $ 12,865

Finance receivables, net and retail receivables presented in the previous tables include direct finance lease receivables, net of $213 million and $237 million at March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, respectively. Contractual maturities of retail receivables exclude $9 million of estimated unguaranteed residual values related to direct finance leases.

 

A significant portion of our finance receivables has historically been repaid prior to contractual maturity.

Note 4 – Finance Receivables, Net (Continued)

 

Credit Quality Indicators

 

We are exposed to credit risk on our finance receivables. Credit risk is the risk of loss arising from the failure of customers or dealers to meet the terms of their contracts with us or otherwise fail to perform as agreed.

 

Retail Loan and Commercial Portfolio Segments

 

While we use various credit quality metrics to develop our allowance for credit losses on the retail loan and commercial portfolio segments, we primarily utilize the aging of the individual accounts to monitor the credit quality of these finance receivables. Based on our experience, the payment status of borrowers is the strongest indicator of the credit quality of the underlying receivables. Payment status also impacts charge-offs.

 

Individual borrower accounts for each class of finance receivables within the retail loan and commercial portfolio segments are segregated into one of four aging categories based on the number of days outstanding. The aging for each class of finance receivables is updated quarterly.

 

Dealer Products Portfolio Segment

 

For three classes of finance receivables within the dealer products portfolio segment (wholesale, real estate and working capital), all loans outstanding for an individual dealer, affiliated entity or dealership group are aggregated and evaluated collectively by dealer or dealership group. This reflects the interconnected nature of financing provided to our individual dealer, affiliated entities and dealer group customers.

 

When assessing the credit quality of the finance receivables within the dealer products portfolio segment, we segregate the finance receivables account balances into four distinct credit quality indicators based on internal risk assessments. The internal risk assessments for all finance receivables within the dealer products portfolio segment are updated on a monthly basis.

 

The four credit quality indicators are:

 

  • Performing – Account not classified as either Credit Watch, At Risk or Default
  • Credit Watch – Account designated for elevated attention
  • At Risk – Account where there is a probability that default exists based on qualitative and quantitative factors
  • Default – Account is not currently meeting contractual obligations or we have temporarily waived certain contractual requirements

Note 4 - Finance Receivables, Net (Continued)
                   
The tables below present each credit quality indicator by class of finance receivable as of March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011:
                   
 Retail Loan Commercial      
(Dollars in millions)March 31, 2012 March 31, 2011 March 31, 2012 March 31, 2011      
                   
Aging of finance receivables:                 
 Current$ 44,842 $ 45,351 $ 352 $ 416      
 30-59 days past due  433   562   8   15      
 60-89 days past due  80   108   2   5      
 90 days past due  28   39   1   1      
Total$ 45,383 $ 46,060 $ 363 $ 437      
                   
  Wholesale Real Estate Working Capital
(Dollars in millions)March 31, 2012 March 31, 2011 March 31, 2012 March 31, 2011 March 31, 2012 March 31, 2011
                   
Credit quality indicators:                 
 Performing$ 6,249 $ 6,073 $ 3,746 $ 3,409 $ 1,422 $ 1,088
 Credit Watch  675   699   467   505   61   147
 At Risk  78   78   148   148   8   13
 Default  6   10   -   11   5   8
Total$ 7,008 $ 6,860 $ 4,361 $ 4,073 $ 1,496 $ 1,256

Note 4 – Finance Receivables, Net (Continued)
 
Impaired Finance Receivables
                  
The following table summarizes the information related to our impaired loans by class of finance receivable as of March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011:
                  
 Impaired       Individually Evaluated
 Finance Receivables Unpaid Principal Balance Allowance
(Dollars in millions)2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011
                  
Impaired account balances individually evaluated for impairment with an allowance:    
                  
Wholesale$ 7 $ 19 $ 7 $ 19 $ 1 $ 3
Real estate  136   156   136   156   37   50
Working capital  7   18   7   18   7   14
Total$ 150 $ 193 $ 150 $ 193 $ 45 $ 67
                  
Impaired account balances individually evaluated for impairment without an allowance:    
                  
Wholesale$ 60 $ 62 $ 60 $ 62      
Real estate  -   -   -   -      
Working capital  1   3   1   3      
Total$ 61 $ 65 $ 61 $ 65      
                  
Impaired account balances aggregated and evaluated for impairment:    
                  
Retail loan$ 502 $ 581 $ 496 $ 573      
Commercial  1   3   1   3      
Total$ 503 $ 584 $ 497 $ 576      
                  
Total impaired account balances:          
                  
Retail loan$ 502 $ 581 $ 496 $ 573      
Commercial  1   3   1   3      
Wholesale  67   81   67   81      
Real estate  136   156   136   156      
Working capital  8   21   8   21      
Total$ 714 $ 842 $ 708 $ 834      

As of March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, all impaired finance receivables within the dealer products portfolio segment were on nonaccrual status and there were no charge-offs against the allowance for credit losses. Therefore, the impaired finance receivables balance is equal to the unpaid principal balance.

Note 4 – Finance Receivables, Net (Continued)

 

The following table summarizes the average impaired finance receivables as of the balance sheet date and the interest income recognized on these loans during fiscal 2012 and fiscal 2011:

  Average Impaired Finance ReceivablesInterest Income Recognized
  Years ended March 31,  Years ended March 31,
(Dollars in millions) 2012 2011 2012 2011
             
Impaired account balances individually evaluated for impairment with an allowance:      
             
Wholesale $ 5 $ 20 $ - $ -
Real estate   138   157   5   6
Working capital   8   18   -   1
Total $ 151 $ 195 $ 5 $ 7
             
Impaired account balances individually evaluated for impairment without an allowance:      
             
Wholesale $ 43 $ 57 $ 1 $ 2
Real estate   -   -   -   -
Working capital   1   3   1   -
Total $ 44 $ 60 $ 2 $ 2
             
Impaired account balances aggregated and evaluated for impairment:      
             
Retail loan $ 553 $ 569 $ 47 $ 51
Commercial   1   4   -   -
Total $ 554 $ 573 $ 47 $ 51
             
Total impaired account balances:     
             
Retail loan $ 553 $ 569 $ 47 $ 51
Commercial   1   4   -   -
Wholesale   48   77   1   2
Real estate   138   157   5   6
Working capital   9   21   1   1
Total $ 749 $ 828 $ 54 $ 60

Note 4 – Finance Receivables, Net (Continued)

 

Troubled Debt Restructuring

 

For accounts not under bankruptcy protection, the amount of finance receivables modified as a troubled debt restructuring during fiscal 2012 is not significant for each class of finance receivables. Troubled debt restructurings for these accounts within the retail loan class of finance receivables are comprised exclusively of contract term extensions that reduce the monthly payment due from the customer, while accounts within the commercial class of finance receivables consist of contract term extensions, interest rate adjustments, or a combination of the two. For the three classes of finance receivables within the dealer products portfolio segment, troubled debt restructurings include contract term extensions, interest rate adjustments, waivers of loan covenants, or any combination of the three. No troubled debt restructurings of accounts not under bankruptcy protection included forgiveness of principal during fiscal 2012.

 

We recognize finance receivables under bankruptcy protection within the retail loan and commercial classes as troubled debt restructurings as of the date we receive notice of a customer filing for bankruptcy protection regardless of the ultimate outcome of the bankruptcy proceedings. The bankruptcy court may impose modifications as part of the proceedings, including interest rate adjustments and forgiveness of principal. For fiscal 2012, the financial impact of troubled debt restructurings related to accounts under bankruptcy protection was not significant to our Consolidated Statement of Income and Consolidated Balance Sheet.

 

Payment Defaults

 

Finance receivables modified as troubled debt restructurings for which there was a payment default during fiscal 2012, and for which the modification occurred within twelve months of the payment default, were not significant for all classes of such receivables.