10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 FORM 10-Q 

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

OR 

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                 to                

Commission File Number 1-9977

 

Meritage Homes Corporation

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Maryland	86-0611231
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(IRS Employer Identification No.)

18655 North Claret Drive, Suite 400, Scottsdale, Arizona 85255

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

(480) 515-8100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock $.01 par value	MTH	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒ No  ☐

Indicate by a checkmark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Date File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	ý	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by a checkmark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Common shares outstanding as of October 27, 2023: 36,449,906

MERITAGE HOMES CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	3
Unaudited Consolidated Income Statements for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022	4
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022	5
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	6
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	22
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	34
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	34
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	36
Item 1A. Risk Factors	36
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	36
Items 3-4. Not Applicable
Item 5. Other Information	36
Item 6. Exhibits	37
SIGNATURES	38
INDEX OF EXHIBITS	38

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.        Financial Statements

MERITAGE HOMES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,048,755	$	861,561
Other receivables	228,852		215,019
Real estate	4,501,358		4,358,263
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	93,501		76,729
Investments in unconsolidated entities	15,062		11,753
Property and equipment, net	50,822		38,635
Deferred tax assets, net	45,932		45,452
Prepaids, other assets and goodwill	197,588		164,689
Total assets	$	6,181,870	$	5,772,101
Liabilities
Accounts payable	$	294,183	$	273,267
Accrued liabilities	413,092		360,615
Home sale deposits	48,133		37,961
Loans payable and other borrowings	11,008		7,057
Senior notes, net	994,412		1,143,590
Total liabilities	1,760,828		1,822,490
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, par value $0.01. Authorized 10,000,000 shares; none issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	—		—
Common stock, par value $0.01. Authorized 125,000,000 shares; 36,449,906 and 36,571,393 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	364		366
Additional paid-in capital	289,109		327,878
Retained earnings	4,131,569		3,621,367
Total stockholders’ equity	4,421,042		3,949,611
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	6,181,870	$	5,772,101

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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MERITAGE HOMES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Homebuilding:
Home closing revenue	$	1,610,317	$	1,569,032	$	4,415,261	$	4,223,435
Land closing revenue	2,783		8,989		44,547		53,901
Total closing revenue	1,613,100		1,578,021		4,459,808		4,277,336
Cost of home closings	(1,180,742)		(1,118,394)		(3,326,245)		(2,950,409)
Cost of land closings	(2,535)		(8,577)		(42,682)		(42,046)
Total cost of closings	(1,183,277)		(1,126,971)		(3,368,927)		(2,992,455)
Home closing gross profit	429,575		450,638		1,089,016		1,273,026
Land closing gross profit	248		412		1,865		11,855
Total closing gross profit	429,823		451,050		1,090,881		1,284,881
Financial Services:
Revenue	6,109		6,308		18,050		16,119
Expense	(2,871)		(2,804)		(8,910)		(7,897)
Earnings/(loss) from financial services unconsolidated entities and other, net	2,462		1,338		(3,074)		4,033
Financial services profit	5,700		4,842		6,066		12,255
Commissions and other sales costs	(99,122)		(77,884)		(277,766)		(212,807)
General and administrative expenses	(63,091)		(48,443)		(162,750)		(136,370)
Interest expense	—		—		—		(41)
Other income/(expense), net	13,331		(74)		35,037		(849)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	(907)		—		(907)		—
Earnings before income taxes	285,734		329,491		690,561		947,069
Provision for income taxes	(63,974)		(67,002)		(150,664)		(217,242)
Net earnings	$	221,760	$	262,489	$	539,897	$	729,827
Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	6.06	$	7.18	$	14.72	$	19.87
Diluted	$	5.98	$	7.10	$	14.55	$	19.65
Weighted average number of shares:
Basic	36,603		36,569		36,677		36,736
Diluted	37,078		36,946		37,109		37,136

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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MERITAGE HOMES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

 

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net earnings	$	539,897	$	729,827
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	17,576		17,545
Stock-based compensation	16,557		16,897
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	907		—
Equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities	(4,651)		(3,703)
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities	5,158		3,785
Other	1,408		11,154
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Increase in real estate	(137,543)		(990,106)
(Increase)/decrease in deposits on real estate under option or contract	(17,027)		176
Increase in other receivables, prepaids and other assets	(9,447)		(89,177)
Increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	37,085		118,636
Increase in home sale deposits	10,172		15,157
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities	460,092		(169,809)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Investments in unconsolidated entities	(3,859)		(5,674)
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities	43		—
Purchases of property and equipment	(31,221)		(19,537)
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment	334		328
Maturities/sales of investments and securities	750		1,032
Payments to purchase investments and securities	(750)		(1,032)
Net cash used in investing activities	(34,703)		(24,883)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of loans payable and other borrowings	(2,616)		(14,953)
Repayment of senior notes	(150,884)		—
Dividends paid	(29,695)		—
Repurchase of shares	(55,000)		(109,303)
Net cash used in financing activities	(238,195)		(124,256)
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	187,194		(318,948)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	861,561		618,335
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	1,048,755	$	299,387

See Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information in Note 13.

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

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MERITAGE HOMES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 — ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Organization. Meritage Homes Corporation ("Meritage Homes") is a leading designer and builder of single-family attached and detached homes. We primarily build in historically high-growth regions of the United States and offer a variety of entry-level and first move-up homes. We have operations in three regions: West, Central and East, which are comprised of ten states: Arizona, California, Colorado, Utah, Texas, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee. We also operate a financial services reporting segment. In this segment, we offer title and escrow, mortgage, and insurance services. Carefree Title Agency, Inc. ("Carefree Title"), our wholly-owned title company, provides title insurance and closing/settlement services to our homebuyers in certain states. Managing our own title operations allows us greater control over the entire escrow and closing cycles in addition to generating additional revenue. Meritage Homes Insurance Agency, Inc. (“Meritage Insurance”), our wholly-owned insurance broker, works in collaboration with insurance companies nationwide to offer homeowners insurance and other insurance products to our homebuyers. Our financial services operation also provides mortgage services to our homebuyers through an unconsolidated joint venture.

We commenced our homebuilding operations in 1985 through our predecessor company, Monterey Homes. Meritage Homes Corporation was incorporated in the state of Maryland in 1988 under the name of Homeplex Mortgage Investments Corporation and merged with Monterey Homes in 1996, at which time our name was changed to Monterey Homes Corporation and later ultimately to Meritage Homes Corporation. Since that time, we have engaged in homebuilding and related activities. Meritage Homes Corporation operates as a holding company and has no independent assets or operations. Its homebuilding construction, development and sales activities are conducted through its subsidiaries. Our homebuilding activities are conducted under the name of Meritage Homes in each of our homebuilding markets. At September 30, 2023, we were actively selling homes in 272 communities, with base prices ranging from approximately $231,000 to $1,054,000.

Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Meritage Homes and those of our consolidated subsidiaries, partnerships and other entities in which we have a controlling financial interest, and of variable interest entities (see Note 3) in which we are deemed the primary beneficiary (collectively, “us”, “we”, “our” and “the Company”). Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments that are considered necessary for the fair presentation of our results for the interim periods presented. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full fiscal year.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Liquid investments with an initial maturity of three months or less are classified as cash equivalents. Amounts in transit from title companies or closing agents for home closings of approximately $81.1 million and $161.5 million are included in Cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Real Estate. Real estate inventory is stated at cost unless the community or land is determined to be impaired, at which point the inventory is written down to fair value as required by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360-10, Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 360-10”). Real estate inventory includes the costs of land acquisition, land development and home construction, capitalized interest, real estate taxes, and direct overhead costs incurred during development and home construction that benefit the entire community, less impairments, if any. Land and development costs are typically allocated and transferred to homes when home construction begins. Home construction costs are accumulated on a per-home basis, while selling and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. Cost of home closings includes the specific construction costs of the home and all related allocated land acquisition, land development and other common costs (both incurred and estimated to be incurred) that are allocated based upon the total number of homes expected to be closed in each community or phase. Any changes to the estimated total development costs of a community or phase are allocated to the remaining homes in that community or phase. When a home closes, we may have incurred costs for materials and services that have not yet been paid. We accrue a liability to capture such obligations in connection with the home closing which is charged directly to Cost of home closings.

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We capitalize qualifying interest to inventory during the development and construction periods. Capitalized interest is included in Cost of closings when the related inventory is closed. Included within our Real estate inventory is land held for development and land held for sale. Land held for development primarily represents land and land development costs related to land where development activity is not currently underway but is expected to begin in the future. For these parcels, we have chosen not to currently develop certain land holdings as they typically represent a portion or phases of a larger land parcel that we plan to build out over several years. We do not capitalize interest for these inactive assets, and all ongoing costs of land ownership (i.e. property taxes, homeowner association dues, etc.) are expensed as incurred.

We rely on certain estimates to determine our construction and land development costs. Construction and land costs are comprised of direct and allocated costs, including estimated future costs. In determining these costs, we compile project budgets that are based on a variety of assumptions, including future construction schedules and costs to be incurred. Actual results can differ from budgeted amounts for various reasons, including construction delays, labor or material shortages, sales orders absorptions that differ from our expectations, increases in costs that have not yet been contracted, changes in governmental requirements, or other unanticipated issues encountered during construction and development and other factors beyond our control, including weather. To address uncertainty in these budgets, we assess, update and revise project budgets on a regular basis, utilizing the most current information available to estimate home construction and land development costs.

Typically, a community's life cycle ranges from three to five years, commencing with the acquisition of the land, continuing through the land development phase, if applicable, and concluding with the construction, sale and closing of the homes. Actual community lives will vary based on the size of the community, the sales orders absorption rates and whether the land purchased was raw, partially-developed or in finished status. Master-planned communities encompassing several phases and super-block land parcels may have significantly longer lives and projects involving smaller finished lot purchases may be significantly shorter.

All of our land inventory and related real estate assets are periodically reviewed for recoverability when certain criteria are met, but at least annually, as our inventory is considered “long-lived” in accordance with GAAP. Community-level reviews are performed quarterly to determine if indicators of potential impairment exist. If indicators of potential impairment exist and the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset are lower than its carrying amount, impairment charges are recorded to write down the asset to its estimated fair value. The impairment of a community is allocated to each remaining unstarted lot in the community on a straight-line basis and is recognized in Cost of home closings in the period in which the impairment is determined. Our determination of fair value is based on projections and estimates. Changes in these expectations may lead to a change in the outcome of our impairment analysis, and actual results may also differ from our assumptions, although if financial metrics improve, we do not reverse impairments once recorded. See Note 2 for additional information related to real estate.

Deposits. Deposits paid related to land option and purchase contracts are recorded and classified as Deposits on real estate under option or contract until the related land is purchased. Deposits are reclassified as a component of Real estate at the time the deposit is used to offset the acquisition price of the land based on the terms of the underlying agreements. To the extent they are non-refundable, deposits are expensed to Cost of home closings if the land acquisition is terminated or no longer considered probable. Since our acquisition contracts typically do not require specific performance, we do not consider such contracts to be contractual obligations to purchase the land and our total exposure under such contracts is limited to the loss of any non-refundable deposits and any related capitalized costs. Our Deposits on real estate under option or contract were $93.5 million and $76.7 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. See Note 3 for additional information related to Deposits on real estate under option or contract.

Goodwill. In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles, Goodwill and Other ("ASC 350"), we analyze goodwill on an annual basis (or whenever indication of impairment exists) through a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform a goodwill impairment test. ASC 350 states that an entity may first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a goodwill impairment test. Such qualitative factors include: (1) macroeconomic conditions, such as a deterioration in general economic conditions; (2) industry and market considerations such as deterioration in the environment in which the entity operates; (3) cost factors such as increases in raw materials, labor costs, etc.; and (4) overall financial performance such as negative or declining cash flows or a decline in actual or planned revenue or earnings. If the qualitative analysis determines that additional impairment testing is required, a two-step impairment test in accordance with ASC 350 would be initiated. We continually evaluate our qualitative inputs to assess whether events and circumstances have occurred that indicate the goodwill balance may not be recoverable. See Note 9 for additional information on our goodwill assets.

Leases. We lease certain office space and equipment for use in our operations. We assess each of these contracts to determine whether the arrangement contains a lease as defined by ASC 842, Leases ("ASC 842"). In order to meet the definition of a lease under ASC 842, the contractual arrangement must convey to us the right to control the use of an identifiable asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Leases that meet the criteria of ASC 842 are recorded on

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our balance sheets as right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities. ROU assets are classified within Prepaids, other assets and goodwill on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets, while lease liabilities are classified within Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets.

The table below outlines our ROU assets and lease liabilities (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ROU assets	$	49,619	$	19,129
Lease liabilities	52,340		22,782

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements - Joint Ventures. We may participate in land development joint ventures as a means of accessing larger parcels of land, expanding our market opportunities, managing our risk profile, optimizing deal structure for the impacted parties and leveraging our capital, although our participation in such ventures is currently limited. See Note 4 for additional discussion of our investments in unconsolidated entities.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements - Other. In the normal course of business, we may acquire lots from various development entities pursuant to purchase and option agreements. The purchase price generally approximates the market price at the date the contract is executed (with possible future escalators) and the acquisition of the land is typically staggered. See Note 3 for additional information on these off-balance sheet arrangements.

Surety Bonds and Letters of Credit. We provide surety bonds and letters of credit in support of our obligations relating to the development of our projects and other corporate purposes in lieu of cash deposits. The amount of these obligations outstanding at any time varies depending on the stage and level of our development activities. Surety bonds are generally not wholly released until all development activities under the bond are complete. In the event a bond or letter of credit is drawn upon, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer for any amounts advanced under the bond or letter of credit. We believe it is unlikely that any significant amounts of these bonds or letters of credit will be drawn upon.

The table below outlines our surety bond and letter of credit obligations (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Outstanding		Estimated work remaining to complete		Outstanding		Estimated work remaining to complete
Sureties:
Sureties related to owned projects and lots under contract	$	1,005,561	$	738,545	$	926,928	$	616,028
Total Sureties	$	1,005,561	$	738,545	$	926,928	$	616,028
Letters of Credit (“LOCs”):
LOCs for land development	35,554		N/A		49,442		N/A
LOCs for general corporate operations	5,000		N/A		5,000		N/A
Total LOCs	$	40,554	N/A		$	54,442	N/A

Accrued Liabilities. Accrued liabilities at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accruals related to real estate development and construction activities	$	145,467	$	139,447
Payroll and other benefits	107,413		110,338
Accrued interest	18,257		7,026
Accrued taxes	28,674		25,182
Warranty reserves	39,145		35,575
Lease liabilities	52,340		22,782
Other accruals	21,796		20,265
Total	$	413,092	$	360,615

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Warranty Reserves. We provide home purchasers with limited warranties against certain building defects and we have certain obligations related to those post-construction warranties for closed homes. The specific terms and conditions of these limited warranties vary by state, but overall the nature of the warranties include a complete workmanship and materials warranty for the first year after the close of the home, a major mechanical warranty for two years after the close of the home and a structural warranty that typically extends up to 10 years after the close of the home. With the assistance of an actuary, we have estimated these reserves for the structural warranty based on the number of homes still under warranty and historical data and trends for our geographies. We may use industry data with respect to similar product types and geographic areas in markets where our experience is incomplete to draw a meaningful conclusion. We regularly review our warranty reserves and adjust them, as necessary, to reflect changes in trends as information becomes available. Based on such reviews of warranty costs incurred, we did not adjust the warranty reserve balance in the three or nine months ended September 30, 2023 or 2022. Included in the warranty reserve balances at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are case-specific reserves for warranty matters, as discussed in Note 15.

A summary of changes in our warranty reserves follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Balance, beginning of period	$	36,215	$	31,437	$	35,575	$	26,264
Additions to reserve from new home deliveries	6,444		5,583		16,832		15,419
Warranty claims and recoveries	(3,514)		(5,305)		(13,262)		(9,968)		(1)
Adjustments to pre-existing reserves	—		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	39,145	$	31,715	$	39,145	$	31,715

(1)     Includes recoveries for costs incurred over several years on a foundation design and performance matter that affected a single community in Texas.

Warranty reserves are included in Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets, and additions and adjustments to the reserves are included in Cost of home closings within the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements. These reserves are intended to cover costs associated with our contractual and statutory warranty obligations, which include, among other items, claims involving defective workmanship and materials. We believe that our total reserves, coupled with our contractual relationships and rights with our trades and the insurance we and our trades maintain, are sufficient to cover our general warranty obligations. However, unanticipated changes in regulatory, legislative, weather, environmental or other conditions could have an impact on our actual warranty costs, and future costs could differ significantly from our estimates.

Revenue Recognition. In accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, we apply the following steps in determining the timing and amount of revenue to recognize: (1) identify the contract with our customer; (2) identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, if applicable; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy the performance obligations. The performance obligations and subsequent revenue recognition for our three sources of revenue are outlined below:

•Revenue from home closings is recognized when closings have occurred, the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the buyer, and we have no continuing involvement with the property, which is generally upon the close of escrow. Revenue is reported net of any discounts and incentives.

•Revenue from land closings is recognized when a significant down payment is received, title passes, and collectability of the receivable, if any, is reasonably assured, and we have no continuing involvement with the property, which is generally upon the close of escrow.

•Revenue from financial services is recognized when closings have occurred and all financial services have been rendered, which is generally upon the close of escrow.

Home closing and land closing revenue expected to be recognized in any future year related to remaining performance obligations (if any) and the associated contract liabilities expected to be recognized as revenue, excluding revenue pertaining to contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less, is not material. Revenue from financial services includes estimated future insurance policy renewal commissions as our performance obligations are satisfied upon issuance of the initial policy with a third party broker. The related contract assets for these estimated future renewal commissions are not material at

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September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Our three sources of revenue are disaggregated by type in the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements.

There are no recent accounting pronouncements that are expected to have a material impact on our financial statements or financial statement disclosures.

NOTE 2 — REAL ESTATE AND CAPITALIZED INTEREST

Real estate consists of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Homes under contract under construction (1)	$	931,820	$	822,428
Unsold homes, completed and under construction (1)	1,027,352		1,155,543
Model homes (1)	112,306		97,198
Finished home sites and home sites under development (2) (3)	2,429,880		2,283,094
Total	$	4,501,358	$	4,358,263

(1)Includes the allocated land and land development costs associated with each lot for these homes.

(2)Includes raw land, land held for development and land held for sale, less impairments, if any. We do not capitalize interest for inactive assets, and all ongoing costs of land ownership (i.e. property taxes, homeowner association dues, etc.) are expensed as incurred.

(3)Includes land held for sale of $7.1 million and $66.8 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Subject to sufficient qualifying assets, we capitalize our development period interest costs incurred to applicable qualifying assets in connection with our real estate development and construction activities. Capitalized interest is allocated to active real estate when incurred and charged to Cost of closings when the related property is delivered. A summary of our capitalized interest is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Capitalized interest, beginning of period	$	61,078	$	61,459	$	60,169	$	56,253
Interest incurred	14,740		15,179		44,914		45,563
Interest expensed	—		—		—		(41)
Interest amortized to cost of home and land closings	(17,342)		(14,548)		(46,607)		(39,685)
Capitalized interest, end of period	$	58,476	$	62,090	$	58,476	$	62,090

NOTE 3 — VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES AND CONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE NOT OWNED

We enter into purchase and option agreements for land or lots as part of the normal course of business. These purchase and option agreements enable us to acquire properties at one or multiple future dates at pre-determined prices. We believe these acquisition structures allow us to better leverage our balance sheet and reduce our financial risk associated with land acquisitions. In accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation, we evaluate all purchase and option agreements for land to determine whether they are a variable interest entity ("VIE"), and if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary. Although we do not have legal title to the underlying land, if we are the primary beneficiary we are required to consolidate the VIE in our financial statements and reflect its assets and liabilities as Real estate not owned and Liabilities related to real estate not owned, respectively. As a result of our analyses, we determined that as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we were not the primary beneficiary of any VIEs from which we have acquired rights to land or lots under option contracts.

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The table below presents a summary of our lots under option at September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands): 

	Projected Number of Lots	Purchase Price		Option/ Earnest  Money Deposits–Cash
Purchase and option contracts recorded on balance sheet as Real estate not owned	—	$	—	$	—
Option contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed (1)	7,498	399,674		41,794
Purchase contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed (1)	7,554	248,934		31,360
Purchase and option contracts —refundable deposits, committed	996	72,759		4,891
Total committed	16,048	721,367		78,045
Purchase and option contracts — refundable deposits, uncommitted (2)	28,416	901,198		15,456
Total lots under contract or option	44,464	$	1,622,565	$	93,501
Total purchase and option contracts not recorded on balance sheet (3)	44,464	$	1,622,565	$	93,501	(4)

(1)Deposits are non-refundable except if certain contractual conditions are not performed by the selling party.

(2)Deposits are refundable at our sole discretion. We have not completed our acquisition evaluation process and we have not internally committed to purchase these lots.

(3)Except for our specific performance contracts recorded on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets as Real estate not owned (if any), none of our purchase or option contracts require us to purchase lots.

(4)Amount is reflected on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets in Deposits on real estate under option or contract as of September 30, 2023.

Generally, our options to purchase lots remain effective so long as we purchase a pre-established minimum number of lots on a pre-determined schedule in accordance with each respective agreement. Although the pre-established number is typically structured to approximate our expected rate of home construction starts, during a weakened homebuilding market, we may purchase lots at an absorption level that exceeds our expected orders and home starts pace to meet the pre-established minimum number of lots or restructure our original contract to terms that more accurately reflect our revised orders pace expectations. During a strong homebuilding market, we may accelerate our pre-established minimum purchases if allowed by the contract.

NOTE 4 - INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES

We may enter into joint ventures as a means of accessing larger parcels of land, expanding our market opportunities, managing our risk profile, optimizing deal structure for the impacted parties and leveraging our capital. While purchasing land through a joint venture can be beneficial, currently we do not view joint ventures as critical to the success of our homebuilding operations. Our joint venture partners generally are other homebuilders, land sellers or other real estate investors. We generally do not have a controlling interest in these ventures, which means our joint venture partners could cause the venture to take actions we disagree with or fail to take actions we believe should be undertaken, including the sale of the underlying property to repay debt or recoup all or part of the partners' investments. Based on the structure of these joint ventures, they may or may not be consolidated into our results. As of September 30, 2023, we had two active equity-method land joint ventures and one mortgage joint venture, which is engaged in mortgage activities and primarily provides services to our homebuyers.

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Summarized condensed combined financial information related to unconsolidated joint ventures that are accounted for using the equity method was as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets:
Cash	$	3,855	$	3,389
Real estate	24,743		17,965
Other assets	5,971		11,653
Total assets	$	34,569	$	33,007
Liabilities and equity:
Accounts payable and other liabilities	$	6,352	$	11,397
Equity of:
Meritage (1)	14,157		10,356
Other	14,060		11,254
Total liabilities and equity	$	34,569	$	33,007

 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenue	$	12,715	$	12,083	$	33,941	$	31,161
Costs and expenses	(9,937)		(9,535)		(27,387)		(25,743)
Net earnings of unconsolidated entities	$	2,778	$	2,548	$	6,554	$	5,418
Meritage’s share of pre-tax earnings (1) (2)	$	1,770	$	1,558	$	4,652	$	3,750

(1)Balance represents Meritage’s interest, as reflected in the financial records of the respective joint ventures. This balance may differ from the balance reported in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements due to the following reconciling items: (i) timing differences for revenue and distributions recognition; (ii) step-up basis and corresponding amortization; (iii) capitalization of interest on qualified assets; (iv) income deferrals as discussed in Note (2) below; and (v) the cessation of allocation of losses from joint ventures in which we have previously written down our investment balance to zero and where we have no commitment to fund additional losses.

(2)Our share of pre-tax earnings/(loss) from our mortgage joint venture is recorded in Earnings/(loss) from financial services unconsolidated entities and other, net on the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements. Our share of pre-tax earnings/(loss) from all other joint ventures is recorded in Other income/(expense), net on the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements and excludes joint venture profit related to lots we purchased from the joint ventures, if any. Such profit is deferred until homes are delivered by us and title passes to a homebuyer.

NOTE 5 — LOANS PAYABLE AND OTHER BORROWINGS

Loans payable and other borrowings consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Other borrowings, real estate notes payable (1)	$	11,008	$	7,057
$835.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility	—		—
Total	$	11,008	$	7,057

(1)Reflects balance of non-recourse notes payable in connection with land purchases.

The Company entered into an amended and restated unsecured revolving credit facility agreement ("Credit Facility") in 2014 that has been amended from time to time. In June 2023, the Credit Facility was amended to increase the facility size to $835.0 million, extend the maturity date to June 2, 2028, amend the accordion feature to permit the facility to increase by up to fifty percent of the facility size, increase the letter of credit sublimit up to the maximum size of the facility, eliminate the

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liquidity and interest coverage covenant and adjust certain covenant basket amounts. The Credit Facility's aggregate commitment is $835.0 million with an accordion feature permitting the size of the facility to increase to a maximum of $1.3 billion, subject to certain conditions, including the availability of additional bank commitments. Borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at the Company's option, at either (1) term SOFR (based on 1, 3, or 6 month interest periods, as selected by the Company) plus a 10 basis point adjustment plus an applicable margin (ranging from 125 basis points to 175 basis points (the "applicable margin")) based on the Company's leverage ratio as determined in accordance with a pricing grid, (2) the higher of (i) the prime lending rate ("Prime"), (ii) an overnight bank rate plus 50 basis points and (iii) term SOFR (based on a 1 month interest period) plus a 10 basis point adjustment plus 1%, in each case plus a margin ranging from 25 basis points to 75 basis points based on the Company's leverage in accordance with a pricing grid, or (3) daily simple SOFR plus a 10 basis point adjustment plus the applicable margin. At September 30, 2023, the interest rate on outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility would have been 6.670% per annum, calculated in accordance with option (1) noted above and using the 1-month term SOFR. We are obligated to pay a fee on the undrawn portion of the Credit Facility at a rate determined by a tiered fee matrix based on our leverage ratio.

The Credit Facility also contains certain financial covenants, including (a) a minimum tangible net worth requirement of $2.8 billion (which amount is subject to increase over time based on subsequent earnings and proceeds from equity offerings), and (b) a maximum leverage covenant that prohibits the leverage ratio (as defined therein) from exceeding 60%. We were in compliance with all Credit Facility covenants as of September 30, 2023.

We had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. We had no borrowings or repayments under the Credit Facility during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and $40.0 million in borrowings and repayments during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. As of September 30, 2023, we had outstanding letters of credit issued under the Credit Facility totaling $40.6 million, leaving $794.4 million available under the Credit Facility to be drawn.

NOTE 6 — SENIOR NOTES, NET

Senior notes, net consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
6.00% senior notes due 2025. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 there was approximately $1,169 and $1,977 in net unamortized premium, respectively.	251,169		401,977
5.125% senior notes due 2027	300,000		300,000
3.875% senior notes due 2029	450,000		450,000
Net debt issuance costs	(6,757)		(8,387)
Total	$	994,412	$	1,143,590

The indentures for all of our senior notes contain non-financial covenants including, among others, limitations on the amount of secured debt we may incur, and limitations on sale and leaseback transactions and mergers. We were in compliance with all such covenants as of September 30, 2023.

Obligations to pay principal and interest on the senior notes are guaranteed by substantially all of our wholly-owned subsidiaries (each a “Guarantor” and, collectively, the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”), each of which is directly or indirectly 100% owned by Meritage Homes Corporation. Such guarantees are full and unconditional, and joint and several. In the event of a sale or other disposition of all of the assets of any Guarantor, by way of merger, consolidation or otherwise, or a sale or other disposition of all of the equity interests of any Guarantor then held by Meritage and its subsidiaries, then that Guarantor may be released and relieved of any obligations under its note guarantee. There are no significant restrictions on our ability or the ability of any Guarantor to obtain funds from their respective subsidiaries, as applicable, by dividend or loan. We do not provide separate financial statements of the Guarantor Subsidiaries because Meritage (the parent company) has no independent assets or operations and the guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several. Subsidiaries of Meritage Homes Corporation that are non-guarantor subsidiaries are, individually and in the aggregate, minor.

In September 2023, we partially redeemed $150.0 million of our 6.00% Senior Notes due 2025 (the "2025 Notes"), incurring $0.9 million in early debt extinguishment charges in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, reflected as Loss on early extinguishment of debt in the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements. After the partial redemption, the 2025 Notes have $250.0 million in remaining principal outstanding.

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NOTE 7 — FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurement ("ASC 820"), defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and addresses required disclosures about fair value measurements. This standard establishes a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the significant inputs used to determine fair value. Observable inputs are those which are obtained from market participants external to the Company while unobservable inputs are generally developed internally, utilizing management’s estimates, assumptions and specific knowledge of the assets/liabilities and related markets. The three levels are defined as follows:

•Level 1 — Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

•Level 2 — Valuation is determined from quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, or by model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable in the market.

•Level 3 — Valuation is derived from model-based techniques in which at least one significant input is unobservable and based on the company’s own estimates about the assumptions that market participants would use to value the asset or liability.

If the only observable inputs are from inactive markets or for transactions which the Company evaluates as “distressed”, the use of Level 1 inputs should be modified by the Company to properly address these factors, or the reliance of such inputs may be limited, with a greater weight attributed to Level 3 inputs.

Financial Instruments: The fair value of our fixed-rate debt is derived from quoted market prices by independent dealers (Level 2 inputs as per the discussion above) and is as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Aggregate Principal		Estimated  Fair Value		Aggregate Principal		Estimated  Fair Value
6.00% senior notes due 2025	$	250,000	$	245,625	$	400,000	$	397,520
5.125% senior notes due 2027	$	300,000	$	283,140	$	300,000	$	283,500
3.875% senior notes due 2029	$	450,000	$	387,090	$	450,000	$	380,610

Due to the short-term nature of other financial assets and liabilities, including our Loans payable and other borrowings, we consider the carrying amounts of our other short-term financial instruments to approximate fair value.

Non-Financial Instruments: Our Real estate assets are Level 3 instruments that are required to be recorded at fair value on non-recurring basis when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Refer to Note 1 for information regarding the valuation of these assets.

NOTE 8 — EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic and diluted earnings per common share were calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding	36,603		36,569		36,677		36,736
Effect of dilutive securities:
Unvested restricted stock	475		377		432		400
Diluted average shares outstanding	37,078		36,946		37,109		37,136
Net earnings	$	221,760	$	262,489	$	539,897	$	729,827
Basic earnings per share	$	6.06	$	7.18	$	14.72	$	19.87
Diluted earnings per share	$	5.98	$	7.10	$	14.55	$	19.65

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NOTE 9 — ACQUISITIONS AND GOODWILL

Goodwill. In prior years, we have entered new markets through the acquisition of the homebuilding assets and operations of local/regional homebuilders in Georgia, South Carolina and Tennessee. As a result of these transactions, we recorded approximately $33.0 million of goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price of our acquisitions over the fair value of the net assets acquired. Our acquisitions were recorded in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, and ASC 820, using the acquisition method of accounting. The purchase price for acquisitions was allocated based on estimated fair value of the assets and liabilities at the date of the acquisition. The combined excess purchase price of our acquisitions over the fair value of the net assets is classified as goodwill and is included in our unaudited consolidated balance sheets in Prepaids, other assets and goodwill. In accordance with ASC 350, we assess the recoverability of goodwill annually, or more frequently, if impairment indicators are present.

A summary of the carrying amount of goodwill follows (in thousands):

	West		Central		East		Financial Services		Corporate		Total
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	—	$	—	$	32,962	$	—	$	—	$	32,962
Additions	—		—		—		—		—		—
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	—	$	—	$	32,962	$	—	$	—	$	32,962

NOTE 10 — STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

A summary of changes in stockholders’ equity is presented below (in thousands): 

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	(In thousands)
	Number of Shares	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Total
Balance at December 31, 2022	36,571	$	366	$	327,878	$	3,621,367	$	3,949,611
Net earnings	—	—		—		131,301		131,301
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		6,225		—		6,225
Issuance of stock	287	3		(3)		—		—
Dividends declared	—	—		—		(9,927)		(9,927)
Share repurchases	(93)	(1)		(9,999)		—		(10,000)
Balance at March 31, 2023	36,765	$	368	$	324,101	$	3,742,741	$	4,067,210
Net earnings	—	—		—		186,836		186,836
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		4,176		—		4,176
Dividends declared	—	—		—		(9,927)		(9,927)
Balance at June 30, 2023	36,765	$	368	$	328,277	$	3,919,650	$	4,248,295
Net earnings	—	—		—		221,760		221,760
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		6,156		—		6,156
Dividends declared	—	—		—		(9,841)		(9,841)
Issuance of stock	4	—		—		—		—
Share repurchases	(319)	(4)		(45,324)		—		(45,328)
Balance at September 30, 2023	36,450	$	364	$	289,109	$	4,131,569	$	4,421,042

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	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	(In thousands)
	Number of Shares	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021	37,341	$	373	$	414,841	$	2,629,175	$	3,044,389
Net earnings	—	—		—		217,254		217,254
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		5,975		—		5,975
Issuance of stock	392	4		(4)		—		—
Share repurchases	(1,038)	(10)		(99,293)		—		(99,303)
Balance at March 31, 2022	36,695	$	367	$	321,519	$	2,846,429	$	3,168,315
Net earnings	—	—		—		250,084		250,084
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		4,070		—		4,070
Share repurchases	(128)	(1)		(9,999)		—		(10,000)
Balance at June 30, 2022	36,567	$	366	$	315,590	$	3,096,513	$	3,412,469
Net earnings	—	—		—		262,489		262,489
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		6,852		—		6,852
Issuance of stock	4	—		—		—		—
Balance at September 30, 2022	36,571	$	366	$	322,442	$	3,359,002	$	3,681,810

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, our Board of Directors approved, and we paid, a quarterly cash dividend on common stock of $0.27 per share. Quarterly dividends declared and paid during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 totaled $0.81 per share. There were no such transactions in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 ("IRA"), which was enacted into law on August 16, 2022, imposed a nondeductible 1% excise tax on the net value of certain stock repurchases made after December 31, 2022. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we reflected the applicable excise tax in Additional paid-in capital as part of the cost basis of the stock repurchased and recorded a corresponding liability for the excise taxes payable in Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets.

NOTE 11 — STOCK BASED AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION

We have a stock compensation plan, the Meritage Homes Corporation 2018 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan"), that was approved by our Board of Directors and our stockholders and adopted in May 2018. In May 2023, the Board of Directors and stockholders approved an amendment to the Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance by 800,000. The 2018 Plan is administered by our Board of Directors and allows for the grant of stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, performance share awards and performance-based awards in addition to non-qualified and incentive stock options. All available shares from expired, terminated, or forfeited awards that remained under prior plans were merged into and became available for grant under the 2018 Plan. The 2018 Plan authorizes awards to officers, key employees, non-employee directors and consultants. The 2018 Plan authorizes 7,400,000 shares of stock to be awarded, of which 1,340,233 shares remain available for grant at September 30, 2023. We believe that such awards provide a means of long-term compensation to attract and retain qualified employees and better align the interests of our employees with those of our stockholders. Non-vested stock awards are usually granted with a five-year ratable vesting period for employees, a three-year cliff vesting for both restricted stock and performance-based awards granted to senior executive officers and either a three-year cliff vesting or one-year vesting for non-employee directors, dependent on their start date.

Compensation cost related to time-based restricted stock awards is measured as of the closing price on the date of grant and is expensed, less forfeitures, on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the award. Compensation cost related to performance-based restricted stock awards is also measured as of the closing price on the date of grant but is expensed in accordance with ASC 718-10-25-20, Compensation – Stock Compensation ("ASC 718"), which requires an assessment of probability of attainment of the performance target. As our performance targets are dependent on performance over a specified measurement period, once we determine that the performance target outcome is probable, the cumulative expense is recorded immediately with the remaining expense recorded on a straight-line basis through the end of the award vesting period. A portion of the performance-based restricted stock awards granted to our executive officers contain market conditions as defined by ASC 718. ASC 718 requires that compensation expense for stock awards with market conditions be expensed based on a

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derived grant date fair value and expensed over the service period. We engage a third party to perform a valuation analysis on the awards containing market conditions and our associated expense with those awards is based on the derived fair value from that analysis and is expensed straight-line over the service period of the awards. Below is a summary of stock-based compensation expense and stock award activity (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock-based compensation expense	$	6,156	$	6,852	$	16,557	$	16,897
Non-vested shares granted	4,151		13,478		184,563		278,340
Performance-based non-vested shares granted	—		3,322		42,964		43,326
Performance-based shares issued in excess of target shares granted (1)	—		—		26,167		37,146
Restricted stock awards vested (includes performance-based awards)	4,355		4,418		291,526		396,578

(1)Performance-based shares that vested and were issued as a result of performance achievement exceeding the originally established targeted number of shares related to respective performance metrics.

The following table includes additional information regarding our stock compensation plan (dollars in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Unrecognized stock-based compensation cost	$	32,844	$	29,187
Weighted average years expense recognition period	1.97		1.98
Total equity awards outstanding (1)	703,415		803,769

(1)Includes unvested restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance-based awards (assuming 100% target payout).

We also offer a non-qualified deferred compensation plan ("deferred compensation plan") to highly compensated employees in order to allow them additional pre-tax income deferrals above and beyond the limits that qualified plans, such as 401(k) plans, impose on highly compensated employees. We do not currently offer a contribution match on the deferred compensation plan. All contributions to the plan to date have been funded by the employees and, therefore, we have no associated expense related to the deferred compensation plan for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 or 2022, other than minor administrative costs.

NOTE 12 — INCOME TAXES

Components of the income tax provision are as follows (in thousands): 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Federal	$	52,845	$	54,114	$	121,116	$	177,577
State	11,129		12,888		29,548		39,665
Total	$	63,974	$	67,002	$	150,664	$	217,242

The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was 22.4% and 21.8%, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 20.3% and 22.9%, respectively. The higher tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the 2022 period is due to the retroactive extension of the §45L energy-efficient homes federal tax credit on qualifying homes under the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") enacted in the IRA in third quarter of 2022, which includes a nine-month catch up in the third quarter of 2022. The lower effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the 2022 period reflects the increased per-home energy-efficiency credit amount starting in 2023.

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At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we have no unrecognized tax benefits. We believe our current income tax filing positions and deductions will be sustained on audit and do not anticipate any adjustments that will result in a material change. Our policy is to accrue interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits and include them in the provision for income taxes.

We determine our deferred tax assets and liabilities in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. We evaluate our deferred tax assets, including the benefit from net operating losses ("NOLs"), by jurisdiction to determine if a valuation allowance is required. This evaluation considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability, the length of statutory carry forward periods, experiences with operating losses and experiences of utilizing tax credit carry forwards and tax planning alternatives. We have no NOLs or credit carryovers, and determined that no valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets is necessary at September 30, 2023.

At September 30, 2023, we have $16.1 million in income taxes payable and no income taxes receivable. The income taxes payable primarily consists of current federal and state tax accruals, net of current energy tax credits and estimated tax payments and is recorded in Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2023. We conduct business and are subject to tax in the U.S. both federally and in several states. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, or local income tax examinations by taxing authorities for years prior to 2018. We have one state income tax examination covering various years pending resolution at this time.

NOTE 13 — SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION

The following table presents certain supplemental cash flow information (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest, net of interest capitalized	$	(12,900)	$	(16,119)
Income taxes paid	$	145,020	$	242,994
Non-cash operating activities:
Real estate acquired through notes payable	$	6,567	$	9,861
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease obligations	$	36,266	$	4,011

NOTE 14 — OPERATING AND REPORTING SEGMENTS

We operate with two principal business segments: homebuilding and financial services. As defined in ASC 280-10, Segment Reporting, we have ten homebuilding operating segments. The homebuilding segments are engaged in the business of acquiring and developing land, constructing homes, marketing and selling those homes and providing warranty and customer services. We aggregate our homebuilding operating segments into reporting segments based on similar long-term economic characteristics and geographical proximity. Our three reportable homebuilding segments are as follows:

West:	Arizona, California, Colorado and Utah
Central:	Texas
East:	Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee

Management’s evaluation of segment performance is based on homebuilding segment operating income, which we define as home and land closing revenue less cost of home and land closings, including land development and other land sales costs, commissions and other sales costs, and other general and administrative costs incurred by or allocated to each segment, including impairments. Each reportable segment follows the same accounting policies described in Note 1, “Organization and Basis of Presentation.” Operating results for each segment may not be indicative of the results for such segment had it been an independent, stand-alone entity for the periods presented.

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The following segment information is in thousands:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Homebuilding revenue (1):
West	$	606,833	$	598,147	$	1,569,947	$	1,580,456
Central	454,228		500,582		1,338,387		1,280,242
East	552,039		479,292		1,551,474		1,416,638
Consolidated total	$	1,613,100	$	1,578,021	$	4,459,808	$	4,277,336
Homebuilding segment operating income:
West	$	94,885	$	121,060	$	185,977	$	357,319
Central	84,575		112,141		233,357		287,604
East	109,318		104,872		273,711		317,815
Total homebuilding segment operating income	288,778		338,073		693,045		962,738
Financial services segment profit	5,700		4,842		6,066		12,255
Corporate and unallocated costs (2)	(21,168)		(13,350)		(42,680)		(27,034)
Interest expense	—		—		—		(41)
Other income/(expense), net	13,331		(74)		35,037		(849)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	(907)		—		(907)		—
Earnings before income taxes	$	285,734	$	329,491	$	690,561	$	947,069

(1)Homebuilding revenue includes the following land closing revenue, by segment:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Land closing revenue:
West	$	—	$	8,120	$	26,575	$	40,927
Central	1,541		869		4,019		10,374
East	1,242		—		13,953		2,600
Total	$	2,783	$	8,989	$	44,547	$	53,901

(2)Balance consists primarily of corporate costs and shared service functions such as finance and treasury that are not allocated to the homebuilding or financial services reporting segments.

	At September 30, 2023
	West			Central			East			Financial Services		Corporate  and Unallocated			Total
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	$	17,655		$	12,853		$	62,993		$	—	$	—		$	93,501
Real estate	1,664,257			1,231,251			1,605,850			—		—			4,501,358
Investments in unconsolidated entities	73			2,833			11,278			—		878			15,062
Other assets	62,498		(1)	259,753		(2)	104,404		(3)	1,320		1,143,974		(4)	1,571,949
Total assets	$	1,744,483		$	1,506,690		$	1,784,525		$	1,320	$	1,144,852		$	6,181,870

(1)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, other receivables and property and equipment, net.

(2)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and prepaids and other assets.

(3)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, goodwill (see Note 9), prepaids and other assets and property and equipment, net.

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(4)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, deferred tax assets and prepaids and other assets.

	At December 31, 2022
	West			Central			East			Financial Services		Corporate  and Unallocated			Total
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	$	21,599		$	8,992		$	46,138		$	—	$	—		$	76,729
Real estate	1,775,879			1,298,455			1,283,929			—		—			4,358,263
Investments in unconsolidated entities	110			2,866			7,503			—		1,274			11,753
Other assets	99,267		(1)	241,470		(2)	132,181		(3)	1,536		850,902		(4)	1,325,356
Total assets	$	1,896,855		$	1,551,783		$	1,469,751		$	1,536	$	852,176		$	5,772,101

(1)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and property and equipment, net.

(2)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and prepaids and other assets.

(3)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, goodwill, prepaids and other assets and property and equipment, net.

(4)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, deferred tax assets and prepaids and other assets.

NOTE 15 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

We are involved in various routine legal and regulatory proceedings, including, without limitation, claims and litigation alleging construction defects. In general, the proceedings are incidental to our business, and most exposure is subject to and should be covered by warranty and indemnity obligations of our consultants and subcontractors. Additionally, some such claims are also covered by insurance. With respect to the majority of pending litigation matters, our ultimate legal and financial responsibility, if any, cannot be estimated with certainty and, in most cases, any potential material losses related to these matters are not considered probable. Historically, most disputes regarding warranty claims are resolved prior to litigation. We believe there are no pending legal or warranty matters as of September 30, 2023 that could have a material adverse impact upon our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows that have not been sufficiently reserved.

As discussed in Note 1 under the heading “Warranty Reserves”, we have case specific reserves within our $39.1 million of total warranty reserves related to alleged stucco defects in certain homes we constructed predominantly between 2006 and 2017 and HVAC condensation issues in limited geographies for homes constructed and delivered in 2021 and the first half of 2022. Our review and management of these matters is ongoing and our estimate of and reserves for resolving them is based on internal data, historical experience, our judgment and various assumptions and estimates. Due to the degree of judgment and the potential for variability in our underlying assumptions and data, as we obtain additional information, we may revise our estimate and thus our related reserves. As of September 30, 2023, after considering potential recoveries from the consultants and contractors involved and their insurers and the potential recovery under our general liability insurance policies, we believe our reserves are sufficient to cover the above mentioned matter. See Note 1 for information related to our warranty obligations.

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Special Note of Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

In passing the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (“PSLRA”), Congress encouraged public companies to make “forward-looking statements” by creating a safe-harbor to protect companies from securities law liability in connection with forward-looking statements. We intend to qualify both our written and oral forward-looking statements for protection under the PSLRA.

The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “forecast,” “plan,” “intend,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “estimate,” "target," and “project” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date the statement was made. All statements we make other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements within the meaning of that term in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"). Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report include statements concerning our belief that we have ample liquidity; our goals, strategies and strategic initiatives including our all-spec strategy and the anticipated benefits relating thereto; our intentions and the expected benefits and advantages of our product and land positioning strategies, including with respect to our focus on the first-time and first move-up home buyer and housing demand for affordable homes; the benefits of and our intentions to use options to acquire land; our positions and our expected outcome relating to litigation and regulatory proceedings in general; our intentions to pay quarterly dividends; the sustainability of our tax positions; that we may repurchase our debt and equity securities; our non-use of derivative financial instruments; expectations regarding our industry and our business for the remainder of 2023 and beyond; the demand for and the pricing of our homes; our land and lot acquisition strategy (including that we will redeploy cash to acquire well-positioned finished lots and that we may participate in joint ventures or opportunities outside of our existing markets if opportunities arise and the benefits relating thereto); that we may expand into new markets; the availability of labor and materials for our operations; that we may seek additional debt or equity capital; our expectation that existing guarantees, letters of credit and performance and surety bonds will not be drawn on; the sufficiency of our insurance coverage and legal and warranty reserves; the outcome of pending litigation; the sources and sufficiency of our capital resources to support our business strategy; the sufficiency of our land pipeline; the impact of new accounting standards and changes in accounting estimates; trends and expectations concerning future demand for homes, home construction cycle times, sales prices, sales orders, cancellations, construction and materials costs and availability, gross margins, land costs, inflation, community counts and profitability and future home supply and inventories; our future cash needs and sources, and the impact of seasonality.

Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements, and that could negatively affect our business include, but are not limited to, the following: increases in mortgage interest rates and the availability and pricing of residential mortgages; inflation in the cost of materials used to develop communities and construct homes; cancellation rates; supply chain and labor constraints; the ability of our potential buyers to sell their existing homes; our ability to acquire and develop lots may be negatively impacted if we are unable to obtain performance and surety bonds; the adverse effect of slow absorption rates; legislation related to tariffs; impairments of our real estate inventory; competition; home warranty and construction defect claims; failures in health and safety performance; fluctuations in quarterly operating results; our level of indebtedness; our ability to obtain financing if our credit ratings are downgraded; our potential exposure to and impacts from natural disasters or severe weather conditions; the availability and cost of finished lots and undeveloped land; the success of our strategy to offer and market entry-level and first move-up homes; a change to the feasibility of projects under option or contract that could result in the write-down or write-off of earnest money or option deposits; our limited geographic diversification; the replication of our energy-efficient technologies by our competitors; shortages in the availability and cost of subcontract labor; our exposure to information technology failures and security breaches and the impact thereof; the loss of key personnel; changes in tax laws that adversely impact us or our homebuyers; our inability to prevail on contested tax positions; failure of our employees and representatives to comply with laws and regulations; our compliance with government regulations related to our financial services operations; negative publicity that affects our reputation; potential disruptions to our business by an epidemic or pandemic (such as COVID-19), and measures that federal, state and local governments and/or health authorities implement to address it; and other factors identified in documents filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including those set forth in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 under the caption "Risk Factors."

Forward-looking statements express expectations of future events. All forward-looking statements are inherently uncertain, as they are based on various expectations and assumptions concerning future events and they are subject to numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events or results to differ materially from those projected. Due to these inherent uncertainties, the investment community is urged not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. In addition, we disclaim and undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to projections over time, except as required by law.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview and Outlook

Demand for new homes in the third quarter of 2023 held steady with that experienced in first half of the year, despite the persistence of elevated interest rates and high inflation. This environment has homebuyers looking for assistance with monthly mortgage affordability, requiring greater use of financing incentives, including interest rate locks and buy-downs. Millennial and baby boomer generations are seeking affordable, move-in ready homes that meet their changing lifestyle needs, which has created elevated demand for new inventory, as existing homeowners with lower mortgage rates are not listing their homes, resulting in a short supply of total inventory. We believe our all-spec strategy with a commitment to affordability will meet the persisting demographic demand, providing us with ample opportunity to capture and grow our market share.

While we have experienced some limited relief in material costs, primarily due to the retraction in lumber commodities, most other home costs have held relatively steady at their elevated levels. Our cost savings year over year were primarily generated by improvements in our construction cycle time. During the third quarter of 2023, we further reduced our construction cycle time by over two weeks as supply chain and labor constraints have continuously lessened throughout the year. We continue to rebid all of our construction inputs and expect costs to begin to trend down to historical levels as the economy resets into stabilizing inflation rates. Higher land development costs have also begun to impact margins for newer communities and will continue to do so in the near-to-mid term.

Summary Company Results

We achieved record third quarter home closing revenue and units volume of 3,638 homes valued at $1.6 billion in the third quarter of 2023, improving 4.3% and 2.6%, respectively, year over year. The increase in home closing revenue was driven by the higher volume as the average sales price ("ASP") on closings decreased 1.6% due to higher incentives. Third quarter home closing gross margin of 26.7% for home closing gross profit of $429.6 million compared to 28.7% and $450.6 million, respectively, in the third quarter of 2022. The 200 basis point margin deterioration is due primarily to increased incentives and higher land development costs, while direct costs held relatively steady. Commissions and other sales costs of $99.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023 increased $21.2 million due to the combined effect of higher home closing volume and increased commissions offered in response to the current sales environment. General and administrative expenses of $63.1 million were 3.9% of home closing revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $48.4 million, or 3.1% of home closing revenue, for the same period in 2022. The increase in General and administrative expenses is due to higher compensation, inclusive of newer market operations and competitive market adjustments. Other income, net of $13.3 million increased from a net other expense of $0.1 million in the prior year primarily due to higher interest rates earned on a larger cash balance. In September 2023 we partially redeemed $150.0 million of our 2025 Notes, resulting in charges of $0.9 million reflected in Loss on early extinguishment of debt, with no similar charges in 2022. Earnings before income taxes for the third quarter of 2023 of $285.7 million decreased $43.8 million year over year from $329.5 million in 2022. The effective income tax rate for the third quarter of 2023 was 22.4%, compared to 20.3% in 2022. The 2022 effective tax rate reflects the catch-up of tax credits for energy efficient homes closed in the first nine months of 2022 for the extension of the §45L energy-efficient homes federal tax credit enacted by the IRA in third quarter of 2022. The decrease in year-over-year profitability and a higher tax rate, resulted in net earnings of $221.8 million in the third quarter of 2023 versus $262.5 million in the third quarter of 2022.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, home closing volume of 10,025 units increased 4.8% from 2022, leading to a 4.5% increase in home closing revenue to $4.4 billion. Home closing gross margin of 24.7% decreased 540 basis points, resulting in a $184.0 million decrease in home closing gross profit. Lower gross margin and profitability, partially offset by a lower effective tax rate of 21.8%, led to net income of $539.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to $729.8 million for the 2022 period.

Home orders of 3,474 for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 were 50.4% higher than the third quarter of 2022, as market conditions stabilized over the last twelve months, increasing consumer confidence and buyer demand, and our cancellation rate in the third quarter of 2023 of 11% improved significantly from the elevated 30% in the third quarter of 2022. Our average active community count decrease of 2.6% for the third quarter of 2023 was overshadowed by a 51.9% increase in orders pace to 4.1 per month compared to 2.7 in the 2022 third quarter. Home order value increased 53.5% year-over-year, to $1.5 billion during the three months ended September 30, 2023, versus $1.0 billion in the same period of 2022, due to the

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higher volume and a 2.1% increase in ASP on orders. The higher ASP on orders year over year is due to geographic mix, with a greater proportion of orders in higher ASP markets in the third quarter of 2023 as compared to 2022.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, home orders increased 3.5% and home order value decreased 1.6% over the prior year, with a cancellation rate of 13% compared to 16% for the prior year period. We ended the third quarter of 2023 with 3,608 homes in backlog valued at $1.6 billion, decreases of 40.5% and 44.9%, respectively, from September 30, 2022. The decrease in backlog units is due to a 96.4% backlog conversion rate during the third quarter of 2023.

We ended the third quarter of 2023 with 272 active communities, down from 275 at September 30, 2022 as our accelerated orders pace resulted in early community close outs. We purchased approximately 9,100 lots for $486.0 million, spent $769.7 million on land development and started construction on 10,547 homes during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Company Positioning

We believe that the investments in our new communities designed for the first-time and first move-up homebuyer, our commitment to being primarily an all-spec builder, and industry-leading innovation in energy-efficient product offerings and automation, create a differentiated strategy that has aided us in our growth in the highly competitive new home market.

Our focus on growing our community count and market share includes the following strategic initiatives:

•Achieving or maintaining a position of at least 5% market share in all of our markets;

•Delivering affordable homes on a shorter timeline through simplification of production processes and maintaining market-appropriate levels of spec inventory;

•Continuously improving the overall home buying experience through simplification and innovation;

•Maintaining our home closing gross profit by growing closing volume, allowing us to better leverage our overhead;

•Leveraging and expanding on technological solutions through digital offerings to our customers, such as our virtual home tours, interactive maps, digital financial services offerings and online warranty portal; and

•Increasing homeowner satisfaction by offering healthier, energy-efficient homes that come equipped with a suite of home automation standard features.

In addition to these strategic initiatives, we also remain committed to the following:

•Carefully managing our liquidity and a strong balance sheet, including a $150.0 million early redemption of debt this quarter; we ended the third quarter with an 18.5% debt-to-capital ratio and a (1.0)% net debt-to-capital ratio;

•Maximizing returns to our shareholders through improved financial performance, dividend payments and share repurchases;

•Managing construction efficiencies and costs through national and regional vendor relationships with a focus on timely, quality construction and warranty management;

•Promoting a positive environment for our employees through our commitment to foster diversity, equity, and inclusion ("DE&I") and providing market-competitive benefits in order to develop and motivate our employees and to minimize turnover and to maximize recruitment efforts;

•Targeting a strong yet sustainable orders pace through the use of our consumer and market research to ensure that we build homes that offer our buyers their desired features and amenities; and

•Continuing to innovate and promote our energy efficiency program and our M.Connected® Automation Suite to create differentiation from existing available inventory.

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Critical Accounting Estimates

The critical accounting estimates that we deem to involve the most difficult, subjective or complex judgments include valuation of real estate and cost of home closings, warranty reserves and valuation of deferred tax assets. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to those disclosed in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, included in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Home Closing Revenue, Home Orders and Order Backlog

The composition of our closings, home orders and backlog is constantly changing and is based on a changing mix of communities with various price points between periods as new projects open and existing projects wind down and close-out. Further, individual homes within a community can range significantly in price due to differing square footage, option selections, lot sizes and quality and location of lots (e.g. cul-de-sac, view lots, greenbelt lots). These variations result in a lack of meaningful comparability between our home orders, closings and backlog due to the changing mix between periods. The tables on the following pages present operating and financial data that we consider most critical to managing our operations (dollars in thousands):

Home Closing Revenue	Three Months Ended September 30,				Quarter over Quarter
	2023		2022		Change $		Change %
Total
Dollars	$	1,610,317	$	1,569,032	$	41,285	2.6	%
Homes closed	3,638		3,487		151		4.3	%
Average sales price	$	442.6	$	450.0	$	(7.4)	(1.6)	%
West Region
Dollars	$	606,833	$	590,027	$	16,806	2.8	%
Homes closed	1,172		1,086		86		7.9	%
Average sales price	$	517.8	$	543.3	$	(25.5)	(4.7)	%
Central Region
Dollars	$	452,687	$	499,713	$	(47,026)	(9.4)	%
Homes closed	1,102		1,218		(116)		(9.5)	%
Average sales price	$	410.8	$	410.3	$	0.5	0.1	%
East Region
Dollars	$	550,797	$	479,292	$	71,505	14.9	%
Homes closed	1,364		1,183		181		15.3	%
Average sales price	$	403.8	$	405.1	$	(1.3)	(0.3)	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Quarter over Quarter
	2023		2022		Change $		Change %
Total
Dollars	$	4,415,261	$	4,223,435	$	191,826	4.5	%
Homes closed	10,025		9,566		459		4.8	%
Average sales price	$	440.4	$	441.5	$	(1.1)	(0.2)	%
West Region
Dollars	$	1,543,372	$	1,539,529	$	3,843	0.2	%
Homes closed	2,954		2,875		79		2.7	%
Average sales price	$	522.5	$	535.5	$	(13.0)	(2.4)	%
Central Region
Dollars	$	1,334,368	$	1,269,868	$	64,500	5.1	%
Homes closed	3,244		3,139		105		3.3	%
Average sales price	$	411.3	$	404.5	$	6.8	1.7	%
East Region
Dollars	$	1,537,521	$	1,414,038	$	123,483	8.7	%
Homes closed	3,827		3,552		275		7.7	%
Average sales price	$	401.8	$	398.1	$	3.7	0.9	%

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Home Orders (1)	Three Months Ended September 30,				Quarter over Quarter
	2023		2022		Change $		Change %
Total
Dollars	$	1,495,542	$	974,314	$	521,228	53.5	%
Homes ordered	3,474		2,310		1,164		50.4	%
Average sales price	$	430.5	$	421.8	$	8.7	2.1	%
West Region
Dollars	$	521,049	$	241,098	$	279,951	116.1	%
Homes ordered	985		456		529		116.0	%
Average sales price	$	529.0	$	528.7	$	0.3	0.1	%
Central Region
Dollars	$	425,165	$	253,321	$	171,844	67.8	%
Homes ordered	1,099		635		464		73.1	%
Average sales price	$	386.9	$	398.9	$	(12.0)	(3.0)	%
East Region
Dollars	$	549,328	$	479,895	$	69,433	14.5	%
Homes ordered	1,390		1,219		171		14.0	%
Average sales price	$	395.2	$	393.7	$	1.5	0.4	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Quarter over Quarter
	2023		2022		Change $		Change %
Total
Dollars	$	4,477,148	$	4,551,894	$	(74,746)	(1.6)	%
Homes ordered	10,301		9,951		350		3.5	%
Average sales price	$	434.6	$	457.4	$	(22.8)	(5.0)	%
West Region
Dollars	$	1,672,310	$	1,486,674	$	185,636	12.5	%
Homes ordered	3,261		2,636		625		23.7	%
Average sales price	$	512.8	$	564.0	$	(51.2)	(9.1)	%
Central Region
Dollars	$	1,286,063	$	1,293,282	$	(7,219)	(0.6)	%
Homes ordered	3,237		3,027		210		6.9	%
Average sales price	$	397.3	$	427.2	$	(29.9)	(7.0)	%
East Region
Dollars	$	1,518,775	$	1,771,938	$	(253,163)	(14.3)	%
Homes ordered	3,803		4,288		(485)		(11.3)	%
Average sales price	$	399.4	$	413.2	$	(13.8)	(3.3)	%

(1)Home orders for any period represent the aggregate sales price of all homes ordered, net of cancellations. We do not include orders contingent upon the sale of a customer’s existing home or a mortgage pre-approval as a sales contract until the contingency is removed.

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Order Backlog (1)	At September 30,				Quarter over Quarter
	2023		2022		Change $		Change %
Total
Dollars	$	1,558,637	$	2,826,759	$	(1,268,122)	(44.9)	%
Homes in backlog	3,608		6,064		(2,456)		(40.5)	%
Average sales price	$	432.0	$	466.2	$	(34.2)	(7.3)	%
West Region
Dollars	$	579,787	$	905,080	$	(325,293)	(35.9)	%
Homes in backlog	1,179		1,627		(448)		(27.5)	%
Average sales price	$	491.8	$	556.3	$	(64.5)	(11.6)	%
Central Region
Dollars	$	370,279	$	790,227	$	(419,948)	(53.1)	%
Homes in backlog	956		1,766		(810)		(45.9)	%
Average sales price	$	387.3	$	447.5	$	(60.2)	(13.5)	%
East Region
Dollars	$	608,571	$	1,131,452	$	(522,881)	(46.2)	%
Homes in backlog	1,473		2,671		(1,198)		(44.9)	%
Average sales price	$	413.2	$	423.6	$	(10.4)	(2.5)	%

(1)Our backlog represents net home orders that have not closed.

Active Communities and Cancellation Rates

Active Communities	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
	Ending	Average	Ending	Average	Ending	Average	Ending	Average
Total	272	281.5	275	289.0	272	278.4	275	276.7
West Region	84	91.0	102	104.5	84	93.1	102	92.1
Central Region	82	82.0	74	77.0	82	81.8	74	75.6
East Region	106	108.5	99	107.5	106	103.5	99	109.0

Cancellation Rates (2)	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Total	11	%	30	%	13	%	16	%
West Region	14	%	43	%	14	%	21	%
Central Region	13	%	37	%	14	%	20	%
East Region	8	%	18	%	11	%	10	%

(2)Cancellation rates are computed as the number of canceled units for the period divided by the gross sales units for the same period.

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Operating Results

Companywide. We had our highest third quarter home closing revenue and volume in Company history, improving 2.6% and 4.3%, respectively, over prior year, with 3,638 closings valued at $1.6 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to 3,487 closings valued at $1.6 billion in 2022. Despite entering the 2023 third quarter with lower backlog than prior year, home closing volume increased over the third quarter of 2022 due to a backlog conversion rate of 96.4% versus 48.2% in the prior year. The improvement in backlog conversion was bolstered by reduced cycle times combined with 31.6% of our third quarter 2023 home closings also being sold within the same quarter. Order cancellations of 11% for the third quarter of 2023 improved greatly from 30% in the third quarter of 2022, resulting in a 50.4% increase in home order volume of 3,474 homes, compared to 2,310 homes in the third quarter of 2022, and our orders pace improved 51.9% to 4.1 per month from 2.7 per month. ASP on orders increased 2.1% due to geographic mix, which combined with the higher order volume for a 53.5% increase in home order value of $1.5 billion.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, home closing revenue of $4.4 billion increased 4.5% from $4.2 billion, due to a 4.8% increase in home closing volume to 10,025, up from 9,566 homes in the prior year period, as ASP on closings was relatively flat. Home order volume of 10,301 increased 3.5% from prior year due primarily to a 2.5% increase in orders pace of 4.1 homes per month, up from 4.0 in 2022, on a relatively consistent average active community count. Despite the increase in order volume, home order value decreased 1.6% from prior year due to increased incentives that caused ASP on orders to decline 5.0%. We ended the third quarter of 2023 with 272 actively selling communities, down from 275 at September 30, 2022. At September 30, 2023, we had 3,608 homes in backlog valued at $1.6 billion, down from 6,064 units valued at $2.8 billion at September 30, 2022, due to a higher backlog conversion rate and improved cycle times.

West. The West Region generated $606.8 million in home closing revenue on 1,172 homes in the third quarter of 2023, up from $590.0 million on 1,086 homes in the prior year period. The 7.9% increase in volume resulted in a 2.8% increase in home closing revenue, as ASP on closings decreased 4.7% due to higher incentives. Home orders in the third quarter of 2023 of 985 were up 116.0% from 456 in the prior year, as the buyer hesitancy and elevated cancellations in the third quarter of 2022 have dramatically lessened as the economy stabilizes coupled with increased incentives to alleviate affordability concerns. The West Region cancellation rate of 14% in the third quarter of 2023 improved from 43% in the prior year, resulting in a 140.0% higher orders pace of 3.6 homes per month in the third quarter of 2023 compared 1.5 per month in 2022. This accelerated orders pace contributed to a 12.9% decrease in average active communities due to early close outs. Home order value of $521.0 million for the third quarter of 2023 increased proportionately with order volume, as ASP on orders remained consistent.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, home closing revenue of $1.5 billion was consistent with prior year, as a 2.7% increase in home closing volume was offset by a 2.4% decrease in ASP on closings. Order volume in the West Region increased 23.7% year-to-date driven by a return to more normalized demand. With just a 1.1% increase in average active communities, year-to-date orders pace of 3.9 homes per month improved 21.9% compared to 2022, although last year's orders pace was negatively impacted by elevated cancellations. Home order value of $1.7 billion was up 12.5% from 2022 due to higher volume, offset by a 9.1% decrease in ASP on orders caused by increased buyer financing incentives. The year-to-date cancellation rate of 14% was down from 21% in the prior year period. The West Region ended the third quarter of 2023 with 1,179 homes in backlog valued at $579.8 million, compared to 1,627 units valued at $905.1 million at September 30, 2022, decreases of 27.5% and 35.9%, respectively.

Central. The Central Region closed 1,102 homes in the three months ended September 30, 2023, down 9.5% from 1,218 home closings in 2022, which was the Region's highest quarterly home closings in its history. Home closing revenue of $452.7 million decreased 9.4% due to lower home closing volume as ASP on closings was flat. The Central Region cancellation rate of 13% in the third quarter of 2023 was down from 37% in the third quarter of 2022, resulting in significant improvement in home order volume and orders pace. Home order volume increased 73.1% to 1,099 homes in the third quarter of 2023 due to a 6.5% increase in average active communities coupled with a 66.7% increase in orders pace to 4.5 homes per month from 2.7 in 2022. Order value of $425.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023 increased 67.8% from $253.3 million in the third quarter of 2022 due to entirely to the higher order volume, as the Region experienced a 3.0% decrease in ASP on orders resulting from higher incentives year over year.

Year-to-date, Central Region home closing revenue of $1.3 billion on 3,244 home closings increased 5.1% and 3.3%, respectively, from the nine months ended September 30, 2022, and ASP on home closings increased 1.7%, buoyed by favorable results in the first half of 2023 which more than offset the difficult third quarter comparisons. Home order volume of 3,237 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased 6.9% because of a higher average active community count, as orders pace of 4.4 homes per month was consistent with the same period in 2022. ASP on orders declined 7.0% year-over-year, resulting in a 0.6% decrease in order value of $1.3 billion. The year-to-date cancellation rate of 14% was down from 20% in the prior year. The Central Region ended the quarter with 956 units in backlog valued at $370.3 million, down 45.9% and 53.1%, respectively, compared to September 30, 2022.

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East. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the East Region closed 1,364 homes for $550.8 million in home closing revenue, compared to 1,183 closings and $479.3 million in the comparable prior year period. The 15.3% increase in home closing volume resulted in a 14.9% improvement in home closing revenue while ASP on closings held steady. Home orders of 1,390 valued at $549.3 million for the third quarter of 2023 increased 14.0% and 14.5%, respectively, due to a 13.2% increase in orders pace of 4.3 homes per month coupled with a relatively flat average active community count. ASP on orders was up just slightly from 2022 due to geographic mix. The cancellation rate of 8% in the third quarter of 2023 improved from 18% in 2022.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the East Region delivered 3,827 home closings for $1.5 billion in home closing revenue, up 7.7% and 8.7%, respectively, compared to the 2022 period, with a 0.9% improvement in ASP on closings. Order volume decreased 11.3% due to the combined impact of a 5.0% decrease in average active communities and a 6.8% decrease in orders pace for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Order value of $1.5 billion decreased 14.3% year over year due to decreased volume and a 3.3% decrease in ASP on orders. Year-to-date, the East Region's cancellation rate of 11% is up slightly from 10% in the prior year, although still in line with historically normal rates. The East Region ended the third quarter of 2023 with 1,473 homes in backlog valued at $608.6 million, down 44.9% and 46.2%, respectively, from 2,671 homes valued at $1.1 billion at September 30, 2022.

Land Closing Revenue and Gross Profit

From time to time, we may sell certain lots or land parcels to other homebuilders, developers or investors if we feel the sale will provide a greater economic benefit to us than continuing home construction or where we are looking to diversify our land positions in a specific geography or divest of assets that no longer align with our strategy. As a result of such sales, we recognized land closing revenue of $2.8 million and $9.0 million and gross profit of $0.2 million and $0.4 million for the three months ending September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Year-to-date land sales resulted in profits of $1.9 million and $11.9 million for 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Other Operating Information (dollars in thousands)  

	Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023				2022				2023				2022
	Dollars		Percent of Home Closing Revenue		Dollars		Percent of Home Closing Revenue		Dollars		Percent of Home Closing Revenue		Dollars		Percent of Home Closing Revenue
Home Closing Gross Profit (1)
Total	$	429,575	26.7	%	$	450,638	28.7	%	$	1,089,016	24.7	%	$	1,273,026	30.1	%
West	$	141,632	23.3	%	$	156,999	26.6	%	$	311,267	20.2	%	$	449,632	29.2	%
Central	$	128,387	28.4	%	$	150,337	30.1	%	$	360,529	27.0	%	$	390,281	30.7	%
East	$	159,556	29.0	%	$	143,302	29.9	%	$	417,220	27.1	%	$	433,113	30.6	%

(1)Home closing gross profit represents home closing revenue less cost of home closings, including impairments, if any. Cost of home closings includes land and associated development costs, direct home construction costs, an allocation of common community costs (such as architectural, legal and zoning costs), interest, sales tax, impact fees, warranty, construction overhead and closing costs.

Companywide. Home closing gross profit for the third quarter of 2023 was $429.6 million with a home closing gross margin of 26.7%, down 200 basis points from 28.7% in the third quarter of 2022, due to increased buyer financing incentives and higher land development costs, partially offset by costs savings from shorter construction cycle times as direct costs were relatively flat year over year. Home closing gross margin in the third quarter of 2022 included $8.8 million in charges associated with the termination of land purchase agreements, while only $0.2 million of such charges were recorded in third quarter of 2023. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, gross profit of $1.1 billion and gross margin of 24.7% decreased from $1.3 billion and 30.1% in 2022 due to the combined impact of higher direct costs and increased sales incentives.

West. The West Region home closing gross margin of 23.3% for the third quarter of 2023 declined 330 basis points from 26.6% in the third quarter of 2022. The West Region contains some of our most expensive markets that were most impacted by

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the volatile economic conditions that began in the latter half of 2022, both in terms of ASP as well as land costs, and has led us to offering significant incentives to assist homebuyers with monthly affordability. The home closing gross margin for the third quarter of 2023 was impacted by these higher incentives and land development costs. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the West Region home closing gross margin of 20.2% declined from 29.2% in the 2022 period due to higher incentives and elevated cost of production and land development.

Central. The Central Region's third quarter 2023 home closing gross margin of 28.4% decreased from 30.1% in the prior year quarter, due to elevated incentives and increased land development costs. Year-to-date, the Central Region gross margin of 27.0% in 2023 is down from 30.7%, mostly as a result of elevated sales incentives.

East. The East Region had the highest home closing gross margin in the Company, at 29.0% in the third quarter of 2023, a 90 basis point decline from 29.9% for the comparable 2022 period. With relatively consistent direct costs, the East Region margin decline is due almost entirely to increased financing incentives. The East Region's year-to-date home closing gross margin of 27.1% is down from 30.6% in 2022 as a result of higher sales incentives.

Financial Services Profit (in thousands)

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Financial services profit	$	5,700	$	4,842	$	6,066	$	12,255

Financial services profit represents the net profit of our financial services operations, including the operating profit generated by our wholly-owned title and insurance companies, Carefree Title Agency, Inc. and Meritage Homes Insurance Agency, respectively, as well as our portion of earnings from a mortgage joint venture. Financial services profit of $5.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023 increased from $4.8 million in the comparable prior year period due to higher home closing volume. Financial services profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 decreased $6.2 million year over year, due primarily to $7.9 million in charges in the second quarter of 2023 related to unused prepaid interest rate locks that expired.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses and Other Expenses (dollars in thousands)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Commissions and other sales costs	$	(99,122)		$	(77,884)		$	(277,766)		$	(212,807)
Percent of home closing revenue	6.2		%	5.0		%	6.3		%	5.0		%
General and administrative expenses	$	(63,091)		$	(48,443)		$	(162,750)		$	(136,370)
Percent of home closing revenue	3.9		%	3.1		%	3.7		%	3.2		%
Interest expense	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	(41)
Other income/(expense), net	$	13,331		$	(74)		$	35,037		$	(849)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	$	(907)		$	—		$	(907)		$	—
Provision for income taxes	$	(63,974)		$	(67,002)		$	(150,664)		$	(217,242)

Commissions and Other Sales Costs. Commissions and other sales costs are comprised of internal and external commissions and related sales and marketing expenses such as advertising and sales office costs. These costs increased $21.2 million to $99.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023, due to higher home closing revenue and increased broker commissions. As a percentage of home closing revenue, Commissions and other sales costs were up 120 basis points to 6.2% of home closing revenue in the third quarter of 2023 from 5.0% in 2022, due to increased commission rates reflective of the current sales environment as well as a higher external broker participation rate. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, Commissions and other sales costs of $277.8 million were 6.3% of home closing revenue, increasing $65.0 million and 130 basis points, respectively, due to increased commissions and advertising spend.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses represent corporate and divisional overhead expenses such as salaries and bonuses, occupancy, insurance and travel expenses. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, General and administrative expenses of $63.1 million increased $14.6 million from $48.4 million in 2022, and as a percentage of home closing revenue increased 80 basis points to 3.9% from 3.1%. The increase in both dollars and as a percentage of home closing revenue is largely due to higher compensation costs, including increases as part of new and growing market operations, some of which are not yet producing offsetting earnings, as well as competitive pay adjustments to reflect current market conditions in many of our geographies. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, General and

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administrative expenses were $162.8 million, up $26.4 million and 50 basis points from $136.4 million in the 2022 period, due primarily to higher compensation costs and increased spending on technology and insurance.

Interest Expense. Interest expense is comprised of interest incurred, but not capitalized, on our senior notes, other borrowings, and our Credit Facility. We recognized no interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 as all interest was capitalized to qualifying assets. We recognized no interest expense in the three months ended September 30, 2022, and interest expense of $41,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Other Income/(Expense), Net. Other income, net, primarily consists of (i) interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents, (ii) sublease income, (iii) payments and awards related to legal settlements and (iv) our portion of pre-tax income or loss from non-financial services joint ventures. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, Other income was $13.3 million and $35.0 million, respectively, compared to net other expense of $0.1 million and $0.8 million in the 2022 comparable periods. The increase in both quarter and year-to-date is due to higher interest earned on larger cash and cash equivalents balances.

Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt. Loss on early extinguishment of debt of $0.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 is related to the $150.0 million partial redemption of our 2025 Notes. There were no similar charges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. See Note 6 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this report for more information related to the partial redemption of our 2025 Notes.

Income Taxes. Our effective tax rate was 22.4% and 20.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and 21.8% and 22.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The higher effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2023 is due to the catch-up of energy-efficient homes tax credits on qualifying homes under the IRC §45L energy-efficient homes federal tax credit from the IRA that was enacted in the third quarter of 2022. The lower effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 reflects the increased per-home energy-efficiency credit amount starting in 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We have historically generated cash and funded our operations primarily from cash flows from operating activities. Additional sources of funds may include additional debt or equity financing and borrowing capacity under our Credit Facility. We exercise strict controls and believe we have a prudent strategy for Company-wide cash management, including those related to cash outlays for land acquisition and development and spec home construction. Our principal uses of cash include acquisition and development of land and lots, home construction, operating expenses, share repurchases and the payment of interest, routine liabilities and dividends. We also opportunistically repurchase our senior notes, as we did this quarter with a $150.0 million partial redemption of our 2025 Notes.

Cash flows for each of our communities depend on their stage of the development cycle, and can differ substantially from reported earnings. Early stages of development or expansion require significant cash outlays for land acquisitions, zoning plat and other approvals, community and lot development, and construction of model homes, roads, utilities, landscape and other amenities. Because these costs are a component of our inventory and are not recognized in our income statement until a home closes, we incur significant cash outlays prior to recognition of earnings. In the later stages of a community, cash inflows may significantly exceed earnings reported for financial statement purposes, as the cash outflow associated with home and land construction was previously incurred. Similarly, in times of community count growth, we incur significant outlays of cash through the land purchase, development and community opening stages whereas in in times of community count stability, these cash outlays are incurred in a more even-flow cadence with cash inflows from actively selling communities that are contributing closing volume and home closing revenue. Conversely, in a down turn environment, cash outlays for land and community count growth may be scaled back and we may curtail community count.

Short-term Liquidity and Capital Resources

Over the course of the next twelve months, we expect that our primary demand for funds will be for the construction of homes, as well as acquisition and development of both new and existing lots, operating expenses, including general and administrative expenses, interest and dividend payments and common stock repurchases. In addition, we may opportunistically retire or redeem a portion of our senior notes. We expect to meet these short-term liquidity requirements primarily through our cash and cash equivalents on hand and the net cash flows provided by our operations.

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Between our cash and cash equivalents on hand combined with the availability of liquidity from our Credit Facility, we believe that we currently have sufficient liquidity. Nevertheless, we may seek additional capital to strengthen our liquidity position, enable us to acquire additional land inventory in anticipation of improving market conditions, and/or strengthen our long-term capital structure.

Long-term Liquidity and Capital Resources

Beyond the next twelve months, our principal demands for funds will be for the construction of homes, land acquisition and development activities needed to maintain our lot supply and active community count, payments of principal and interest on our senior notes as they become due or mature, common stock repurchases and payments of dividends. We expect our existing and future generated cash will be adequate to fund our ongoing operating activities as well as provide capital for investment in future land purchases and related development activities. To the extent the sources of capital described above are insufficient to meet our long-term cash needs, we may also conduct additional public offerings of our securities, refinance or secure new debt or dispose of certain assets to fund our operating activities. There can be no assurances that we would be able to obtain such additional capital on terms acceptable to us, if at all, and such additional equity or debt financing could dilute the interests of our existing stockholders or increase our interest costs.

Material Cash Requirements

We are a party to many contractual obligations involving commitments to make payments to third parties. These obligations impact both short-term and long-term liquidity and capital resource needs. Certain contractual obligations are reflected on our unaudited consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2023, while others are considered future commitments for materials or services not yet provided. Our contractual obligations primarily consist of principal and interest payments on our senior notes, loans payable and other borrowings, including our Credit Facility, letters of credit and surety bonds and operating leases. We have no debt maturities until 2025. We also have requirements for certain short-term lease commitments, funding working capital needs of our existing unconsolidated joint ventures and other purchase obligations in the normal course of business. Other material cash requirements include land acquisition and development costs, home construction costs and operating expenses, including our selling, general and administrative expenses, as previously discussed. We plan to fund these commitments primarily with cash flows generated by operations, but may also utilize additional debt or equity financing and borrowing capacity under our Credit Facility. Our maximum exposure to loss on our purchase and option agreements is generally limited to non-refundable deposits and capitalized or committed pre-acquisition costs.

For information about our loans payable and other borrowings, including our Credit Facility, and senior notes, reference is made to Notes 5 and 6 in the notes to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this report and are incorporated by reference herein. For information about our lease obligations, reference is made to Note 4 in the consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Reference is made to Notes 1, 3, 4, and 15 in the notes to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this report and are incorporated by reference herein. These Notes discuss our off-balance sheet arrangements with respect to land acquisition contracts and option agreements, and land development joint ventures, including the nature and amounts of financial obligations relating to these items. In addition, these Notes discuss the nature and amounts of certain types of commitments that arise in connection with the ordinary course of our land development and homebuilding operations, including commitments of land development joint ventures for which we might be obligated.

We do not engage in commodity trading or other similar activities. We had no derivative financial instruments at September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

Operating Cash Flow Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, net cash provided by operating activities totaled $460.1 million, compared to net cash used in operations of $169.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Operating cash flows in the first nine months of 2023 benefited from cash generated from net earnings of $539.9 million and were partially offset by a $137.5 million increase in real estate. Operating cash flows in the first nine months of 2022 benefited from cash generated from net earnings of $729.8 million and an increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $118.6 million due to timing of payments for routine transactions, offset by a $990.1 million increase in real estate and an $89.2 million increase in other receivables, prepaids and other assets. The increase in real estate in both periods was due to construction activities on a greater number of homes under construction, land acquisition and development activities. The increase in other receivables, prepaids and other assets for the first nine months of 2022 was largely due to receivables from municipalities for land development reimbursements and the purchase of fixed rate interest locks for eligible buyers in our backlog.

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Investing Cash Flow Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, net cash used in investing activities totaled $34.7 million and $24.9 million, respectively. Cash used in investing activities in both periods was mainly attributable to the purchases of property and equipment and investments in unconsolidated entities.

Financing Cash Flow Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, net cash used in financing activities totaled $238.2 million and $124.3 million, respectively. The net cash used in financing activities in 2023 includes $150.0 million for the partial redemption of our 2025 Notes and associated early tender fees of $0.9 million, $55.0 million in share repurchases and $29.7 million of dividends paid. The net cash used in financing activities in 2022 primarily reflects $109.3 million in share repurchases. See 'Part II, Item 2 - Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities' for more information about our authorized share repurchase program.

We believe that our leverage ratios provide useful information to the users of our financial statements regarding our financial position and cash and debt management. Debt-to-capital and net debt-to-capital are calculated as follows (dollars in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Senior notes, net, loans payable and other borrowings	$	1,005,420		$	1,150,647
Stockholders’ equity	4,421,042			3,949,611
Total capital	$	5,426,462		$	5,100,258
Debt-to-capital (1)	18.5		%	22.6		%
Senior notes, net, loans payable and other borrowings	$	1,005,420		$	1,150,647
Less: cash and cash equivalents	(1,048,755)			(861,561)
Net debt	(43,335)			289,086
Stockholders’ equity	4,421,042			3,949,611
Total net capital	$	4,377,707		$	4,238,697
Net debt-to-capital (2)	(1.0)		%	6.8		%

(1)Debt-to-capital is computed as senior notes, net and loans payable and other borrowings divided by the aggregate of total senior notes, net, loans payable and other borrowings and stockholders' equity.

(2)Net debt-to-capital is considered a non-GAAP financial measure, and is computed as net debt divided by the aggregate of net debt and stockholders' equity. Net debt is comprised of total senior notes, net and loans payable and other borrowings, less cash and cash equivalents. The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure is the ratio of debt-to-capital. We believe the ratio of net debt-to-capital is a relevant financial measure for investors to understand the leverage employed in our operations and as an indicator of our ability to obtain financing.

Dividends

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, our Board of Directors approved, and we paid, a quarterly cash dividend on common stock of $0.27 per share. Quarterly dividends declared and paid during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 totaled $0.81 per share. There were no such transactions in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.

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Credit Facility Covenants

Borrowings under the Credit Facility are unsecured, but availability is subject to, among other things, a borrowing base. The Credit Facility also contains certain financial covenants, including (a) a minimum tangible net worth requirement of $2.8 billion (which amount is subject to increase over time based on subsequent earnings and proceeds from equity offerings), and (b) a maximum leverage covenant that prohibits the leverage ratio (as defined therein) from exceeding 60%. We were in compliance with all Credit Facility covenants as of September 30, 2023. Our actual financial covenant calculations as of September 30, 2023 are reflected in the table below.

Financial Covenant (dollars in thousands):	Covenant Requirement	Actual
Minimum Tangible Net Worth	> $3,021,938	$4,376,362
Leverage Ratio	< 60%	(0.8)%
Investments other than defined permitted investments	< $1,337,909	$15,062

Seasonality

Historically, we have experienced seasonal variations in our quarterly operating results and capital requirements. We typically sell more homes in the first half of the fiscal year than in the second half, which creates additional working capital requirements in the second and third quarters to build our inventories to satisfy the deliveries in the second half of the year. We typically benefit from the cash generated from home closings more in the third and fourth quarters than in the first and second quarters. Historical cycles were impacted in 2020 by unprecedented demand that continued through the middle of 2022, and were further impacted by supply chain and labor constraints and rising interest rates. Historical seasonality returned in the back half of 2022 and we expect it to continue over the long term, although it may, from time to time, be affected by short-term volatility in the homebuilding industry and in the overall economy.

Recent Issued Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this report for discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our fixed rate debt is made up primarily of $1.0 billion in principal of our senior notes. Except in limited circumstances, we do not have an obligation to prepay our fixed-rate debt prior to maturity and, as a result, interest rate risk and changes in fair value should not have a significant impact on our fixed rate borrowings until we would be required to repay such debt and access the capital markets to issue new debt. Our Credit Facility is subject to interest rate changes as the borrowing rates are based on SOFR or Prime (see Note 5 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this report).

Our operations are interest rate sensitive. As overall housing demand is adversely affected by increases in interest rates, a significant increase in mortgage interest rates may negatively affect the ability of homebuyers to secure adequate financing or cause potential homebuyers with existing mortgages to choose to stay in their lower interest rate homes. Higher interest rates and/or rapidly increasing interest rates could adversely affect our revenue, gross margins, earnings and cancellation rates and would also increase our variable rate borrowing costs on our Credit Facility, if any. We do not enter into, or intend to enter into, derivative interest rate swap financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

In order to ensure that the information we must disclose in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") is recorded, processed, summarized and reported on a timely basis, we have developed and implemented disclosure controls and procedures. Our management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, has reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), as of September 30, 2023 (the “Evaluation Date”). Based on such evaluation, our management has concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level in ensuring that information that is required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that information required to be

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disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

During the fiscal quarter covered by this Form 10-Q, there has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or that is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See Note 15 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements in this report for a discussion of our legal proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item IA "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may eventually prove to materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results. There have been no material changes in our risk factors as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

On February 13, 2019, our Board of Directors authorized a new stock repurchase program, authorizing the expenditure of up to $100.0 million to repurchase shares of our common stock. On November 13, 2020, the Board of Directors authorized the expenditure of an additional $100.0 million to repurchase shares of our common stock under this program. On August 12, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized the expenditure of an additional $100.0 million to repurchase shares of our common stock under this program, which was announced on August 17, 2021. On May 19, 2022, the Board of Directors authorized the expenditure of an additional $200.0 million to repurchase shares of our common stock under this program, which was announced on May 25, 2022. There is no stated expiration for this program. The repurchases of the Company's shares may be made in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise. The timing and amount of repurchases, if any, will be determined by the Company's management at its discretion and be based on a variety of factors such as the market price of the Company's common stock, corporate and contractual requirements, prevailing market and economic conditions and legal requirements. The share repurchase program may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time. As of September 30, 2023 there was $189.1 million available under this program to repurchase shares. We purchased 319,716 shares under the program during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average price paid per share		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs	Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs
July 1, 2023 - July 31, 2023	—	$	—	—	$	234,077,454
August 1, 2023 - August 31, 2023	319,716	$	140.75	319,716	$	189,077,636
September 1, 2023 - September 30, 2023	—	$	—	—	$	189,077,636
Total	319,716			319,716

Item 5. Other Information

Insider Trading Arrangements

During the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2023, no director or officer adopted a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

36

 Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number	Description	Page or Method of Filing
3.1	Restated Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3 of Form 8-K dated June 20, 2002
3.1.1	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1998
3.1.2	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K dated September 15, 2004
3.1.3	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation	Incorporated by reference to Appendix A of the Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed on April 10, 2006
3.1.4	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation	Incorporated by reference to Appendix B of the Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed on April 1, 2008
3.1.5	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation	Incorporated by reference to Appendix A of the Definitive Proxy Statement filed on January 9, 2009
3.2	Meritage Homes Corporation Amended and Restated Bylaws	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K dated June 14, 2023
22	List of Guarantor Subsidiaries	Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 22 of Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022
31.1	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Phillippe Lord, Chief Executive Officer	Filed herewith
31.2	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Hilla Sferruzza, Chief Financial Officer	Filed herewith
32.1	Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer	Furnished herewith
101.0	The following information from the Meritage Homes Corporation Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as of and for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Unaudited Consolidated Income Statements, (iii) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (iv) Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
104.0	The cover page from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in exhibit 101.

37

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

	MERITAGE HOMES CORPORATION, a Maryland corporation
By:	/s/ HILLA SFERRUZZA
	Hilla Sferruzza Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer)
Date:	November 1, 2023

INDEX OF EXHIBITS

3.1	Restated Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation
3.1.1	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation
3.1.2	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation
3.1.3	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation
3.1.4	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation
3.1.5	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Meritage Homes Corporation
3.2	Meritage Homes Corporation Amended and Restated Bylaws
22	List of Guarantor Subsidiaries
31.1	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Phillippe Lord, Chief Executive Officer
31.2	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Hilla Sferruzza, Chief Financial Officer
32.1	Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
101.0	The following information from the Meritage Homes Corporation Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as of and for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Unaudited Consolidated Income Statements, (iii) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (iv) Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
104.0	The cover page from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in exhibit 101.

38

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) CERTIFICATION

I, Phillippe Lord, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Meritage Homes Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 1, 2023

/s/ Phillippe Lord

Phillippe Lord
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) CERTIFICATION

I, Hilla Sferruzza, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Meritage Homes Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 1, 2023

/s/ Hilla Sferruzza

Hilla Sferruzza

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Meritage Homes Corporation (the “Company”) for the period ending September 30, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), we, the undersigned, certify, to the best of our knowledge, that:

(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

MERITAGE HOMES CORPORATION, a Maryland Corporation
By:	/s/ Phillippe Lord
	Phillippe Lord Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
November 1, 2023
By:	/s/ Hilla Sferruzza
	Hilla Sferruzza Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
November 1, 2023

XML

Cover Page - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Oct. 27, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-9977
Entity Registrant Name	Meritage Homes Corp
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MD
Entity Tax Identification Number	86-0611231
Entity Address, Address Line One	18655 North Claret Drive
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 400
Entity Address, City or Town	Scottsdale
Entity Address, State or Province	AZ
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	85255
City Area Code	480
Local Phone Number	515-8100
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock $.01 par value
Trading Symbol	MTH
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		36,449,906
Entity Central Index Key	0000833079
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31

XML

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,048,755	$ 861,561
Other receivables	228,852	215,019
Real estate	4,501,358	4,358,263
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	93,501	76,729
Investments in unconsolidated entities	15,062	11,753
Property and equipment, net	50,822	38,635
Deferred tax assets, net	45,932	45,452
Prepaids, other assets and goodwill	197,588	164,689
Total assets	6,181,870	5,772,101
Liabilities
Accounts payable	294,183	273,267
Accrued liabilities	413,092	360,615
Home sale deposits	48,133	37,961
Loans payable and other borrowings	11,008	7,057
Senior notes, net	994,412	1,143,590
Total liabilities	1,760,828	1,822,490
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, par value $0.01. Authorized 10,000,000 shares; none issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	0	0
Common stock, par value $0.01. Authorized 125,000,000 shares; 36,449,906 and 36,571,393 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	364	366
Additional paid-in capital	289,109	327,878
Retained earnings	4,131,569	3,621,367
Total stockholders’ equity	4,421,042	3,949,611
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 6,181,870	$ 5,772,101

XML

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	125,000,000	125,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	36,449,906	36,571,393
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	36,449,906	36,571,393

XML

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Commissions and other sales costs	$ (99,122)	$ (77,884)	$ (277,766)	$ (212,807)
General and administrative expenses	(63,091)	(48,443)	(162,750)	(136,370)
Interest expense	0	0	0	(41)
Other income/(expense), net	13,331	(74)	35,037	(849)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	(907)	0	(907)	0
Earnings before income taxes	285,734	329,491	690,561	947,069
Provision for income taxes	(63,974)	(67,002)	(150,664)	(217,242)
Net earnings	$ 221,760	$ 262,489	$ 539,897	$ 729,827
Earnings per common share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 6.06	$ 7.18	$ 14.72	$ 19.87
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 5.98	$ 7.10	$ 14.55	$ 19.65
Weighted average number of shares:
Basic (in shares)	36,603	36,569	36,677	36,736
Diluted (in shares)	37,078	36,946	37,109	37,136
Common Stock, Dividends, Per Share, Declared	$ 0.27	$ 0	$ 0.81	$ 0
Homebuilding
Revenue	$ 1,613,100	$ 1,578,021	$ 4,459,808	$ 4,277,336
Cost of closings	(1,183,277)	(1,126,971)	(3,368,927)	(2,992,455)
Gross profit	429,823	451,050	1,090,881	1,284,881
Home closings
Revenue	1,610,317	1,569,032	4,415,261	4,223,435
Cost of closings	(1,180,742)	(1,118,394)	(3,326,245)	(2,950,409)
Gross profit	429,575	450,638	1,089,016	1,273,026
Land closings
Revenue	2,783	8,989	44,547	53,901
Cost of closings	(2,535)	(8,577)	(42,682)	(42,046)
Gross profit	248	412	1,865	11,855
Financial Services
Revenue	6,109	6,308	18,050	16,119
Expense	(2,871)	(2,804)	(8,910)	(7,897)
Gross profit	5,700	4,842	6,066	12,255
Earnings/(loss) from financial services unconsolidated entities and other, net	$ 2,462	$ 1,338	$ (3,074)	$ 4,033

XML

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net earnings	$ 539,897	$ 729,827
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	17,576	17,545
Stock-based compensation	16,557	16,897
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	(907)	0
Equity in earnings from unconsolidated entities	(4,651)	(3,703)
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated entities	5,158	3,785
Other	1,408	11,154
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Increase in real estate	(137,543)	(990,106)
(Increase)/decrease in deposits on real estate under option or contract	(17,027)	176
Increase in other receivables, prepaids and other assets	(9,447)	(89,177)
Increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	37,085	118,636
Increase in home sale deposits	10,172	15,157
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities	460,092	(169,809)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Payments to Acquire Interest in Joint Venture	(3,859)	(5,674)
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities	43	0
Purchases of property and equipment	(31,221)	(19,537)
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment	334	328
Maturities/sales of investments and securities	750	1,032
Payments to purchase investments and securities	(750)	(1,032)
Net cash used in investing activities	(34,703)	(24,883)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of loans payable and other borrowings	(2,616)	(14,953)
Dividends paid	(29,695)	0
Repurchase of shares	(55,000)	(109,303)
Net cash used in financing activities	(238,195)	(124,256)
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	187,194	(318,948)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	861,561	618,335
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	1,048,755	299,387
Repayment of senior notes	$ (150,884)	$ 0

XML

ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Organization. Meritage Homes Corporation ("Meritage Homes") is a leading designer and builder of single-family attached and detached homes. We primarily build in historically high-growth regions of the United States and offer a variety of entry-level and first move-up homes. We have operations in three regions: West, Central and East, which are comprised of ten states: Arizona, California, Colorado, Utah, Texas, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee. We also operate a financial services reporting segment. In this segment, we offer title and escrow, mortgage, and insurance services. Carefree Title Agency, Inc. ("Carefree Title"), our wholly-owned title company, provides title insurance and closing/settlement services to our homebuyers in certain states. Managing our own title operations allows us greater control over the entire escrow and closing cycles in addition to generating additional revenue. Meritage Homes Insurance Agency, Inc. (“Meritage Insurance”), our wholly-owned insurance broker, works in collaboration with insurance companies nationwide to offer homeowners insurance and other insurance products to our homebuyers. Our financial services operation also provides mortgage services to our homebuyers through an unconsolidated joint venture.

We commenced our homebuilding operations in 1985 through our predecessor company, Monterey Homes. Meritage Homes Corporation was incorporated in the state of Maryland in 1988 under the name of Homeplex Mortgage Investments Corporation and merged with Monterey Homes in 1996, at which time our name was changed to Monterey Homes Corporation and later ultimately to Meritage Homes Corporation. Since that time, we have engaged in homebuilding and related activities. Meritage Homes Corporation operates as a holding company and has no independent assets or operations. Its homebuilding construction, development and sales activities are conducted through its subsidiaries. Our homebuilding activities are conducted under the name of Meritage Homes in each of our homebuilding markets. At September 30, 2023, we were actively selling homes in 272 communities, with base prices ranging from approximately $231,000 to $1,054,000.

Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Meritage Homes and those of our consolidated subsidiaries, partnerships and other entities in which we have a controlling financial interest, and of variable interest entities (see Note 3) in which we are deemed the primary beneficiary (collectively, “us”, “we”, “our” and “the Company”). Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments that are considered necessary for the fair presentation of our results for the interim periods presented. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full fiscal year.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Liquid investments with an initial maturity of three months or less are classified as cash equivalents. Amounts in transit from title companies or closing agents for home closings of approximately $81.1 million and $161.5 million are included in Cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Real Estate. Real estate inventory is stated at cost unless the community or land is determined to be impaired, at which point the inventory is written down to fair value as required by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360-10, Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 360-10”). Real estate inventory includes the costs of land acquisition, land development and home construction, capitalized interest, real estate taxes, and direct overhead costs incurred during development and home construction that benefit the entire community, less impairments, if any. Land and development costs are typically allocated and transferred to homes when home construction begins. Home construction costs are accumulated on a per-home basis, while selling and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. Cost of home closings includes the specific construction costs of the home and all related allocated land acquisition, land development and other common costs (both incurred and estimated to be incurred) that are allocated based upon the total number of homes expected to be closed in each community or phase. Any changes to the estimated total development costs of a community or phase are allocated to the remaining homes in that community or phase. When a home closes, we may have incurred costs for materials and services that have not yet been paid. We accrue a liability to capture such obligations in connection with the home closing which is charged directly to Cost of home closings.

We capitalize qualifying interest to inventory during the development and construction periods. Capitalized interest is included in Cost of closings when the related inventory is closed. Included within our Real estate inventory is land held for development and land held for sale. Land held for development primarily represents land and land development costs related to land where development activity is not currently underway but is expected to begin in the future. For these parcels, we have chosen not to currently develop certain land holdings as they typically represent a portion or phases of a larger land parcel that we plan to build out over several years. We do not capitalize interest for these inactive assets, and all ongoing costs of land ownership (i.e. property taxes, homeowner association dues, etc.) are expensed as incurred.

We rely on certain estimates to determine our construction and land development costs. Construction and land costs are comprised of direct and allocated costs, including estimated future costs. In determining these costs, we compile project budgets that are based on a variety of assumptions, including future construction schedules and costs to be incurred. Actual results can differ from budgeted amounts for various reasons, including construction delays, labor or material shortages, sales orders absorptions that differ from our expectations, increases in costs that have not yet been contracted, changes in governmental requirements, or other unanticipated issues encountered during construction and development and other factors beyond our control, including weather. To address uncertainty in these budgets, we assess, update and revise project budgets on a regular basis, utilizing the most current information available to estimate home construction and land development costs.

Typically, a community's life cycle ranges from three to five years, commencing with the acquisition of the land, continuing through the land development phase, if applicable, and concluding with the construction, sale and closing of the homes. Actual community lives will vary based on the size of the community, the sales orders absorption rates and whether the land purchased was raw, partially-developed or in finished status. Master-planned communities encompassing several phases and super-block land parcels may have significantly longer lives and projects involving smaller finished lot purchases may be significantly shorter.

All of our land inventory and related real estate assets are periodically reviewed for recoverability when certain criteria are met, but at least annually, as our inventory is considered “long-lived” in accordance with GAAP. Community-level reviews are performed quarterly to determine if indicators of potential impairment exist. If indicators of potential impairment exist and the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset are lower than its carrying amount, impairment charges are recorded to write down the asset to its estimated fair value. The impairment of a community is allocated to each remaining unstarted lot in the community on a straight-line basis and is recognized in Cost of home closings in the period in which the impairment is determined. Our determination of fair value is based on projections and estimates. Changes in these expectations may lead to a change in the outcome of our impairment analysis, and actual results may also differ from our assumptions, although if financial metrics improve, we do not reverse impairments once recorded. See Note 2 for additional information related to real estate.

Deposits. Deposits paid related to land option and purchase contracts are recorded and classified as Deposits on real estate under option or contract until the related land is purchased. Deposits are reclassified as a component of Real estate at the time the deposit is used to offset the acquisition price of the land based on the terms of the underlying agreements. To the extent they are non-refundable, deposits are expensed to Cost of home closings if the land acquisition is terminated or no longer considered probable. Since our acquisition contracts typically do not require specific performance, we do not consider such contracts to be contractual obligations to purchase the land and our total exposure under such contracts is limited to the loss of any non-refundable deposits and any related capitalized costs. Our Deposits on real estate under option or contract were $93.5 million and $76.7 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. See Note 3 for additional information related to Deposits on real estate under option or contract.

Goodwill. In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles, Goodwill and Other ("ASC 350"), we analyze goodwill on an annual basis (or whenever indication of impairment exists) through a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform a goodwill impairment test. ASC 350 states that an entity may first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a goodwill impairment test. Such qualitative factors include: (1) macroeconomic conditions, such as a deterioration in general economic conditions; (2) industry and market considerations such as deterioration in the environment in which the entity operates; (3) cost factors such as increases in raw materials, labor costs, etc.; and (4) overall financial performance such as negative or declining cash flows or a decline in actual or planned revenue or earnings. If the qualitative analysis determines that additional impairment testing is required, a two-step impairment test in accordance with ASC 350 would be initiated. We continually evaluate our qualitative inputs to assess whether events and circumstances have occurred that indicate the goodwill balance may not be recoverable. See Note 9 for additional information on our goodwill assets.

Leases. We lease certain office space and equipment for use in our operations. We assess each of these contracts to determine whether the arrangement contains a lease as defined by ASC 842, Leases ("ASC 842"). In order to meet the definition of a lease under ASC 842, the contractual arrangement must convey to us the right to control the use of an identifiable asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Leases that meet the criteria of ASC 842 are recorded on

our balance sheets as right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities. ROU assets are classified within Prepaids, other assets and goodwill on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets, while lease liabilities are classified within Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets.

The table below outlines our ROU assets and lease liabilities (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ROU assets	$	49,619	$	19,129
Lease liabilities	52,340		22,782

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements - Joint Ventures. We may participate in land development joint ventures as a means of accessing larger parcels of land, expanding our market opportunities, managing our risk profile, optimizing deal structure for the impacted parties and leveraging our capital, although our participation in such ventures is currently limited. See Note 4 for additional discussion of our investments in unconsolidated entities.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements - Other. In the normal course of business, we may acquire lots from various development entities pursuant to purchase and option agreements. The purchase price generally approximates the market price at the date the contract is executed (with possible future escalators) and the acquisition of the land is typically staggered. See Note 3 for additional information on these off-balance sheet arrangements.

Surety Bonds and Letters of Credit. We provide surety bonds and letters of credit in support of our obligations relating to the development of our projects and other corporate purposes in lieu of cash deposits. The amount of these obligations outstanding at any time varies depending on the stage and level of our development activities. Surety bonds are generally not wholly released until all development activities under the bond are complete. In the event a bond or letter of credit is drawn upon, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer for any amounts advanced under the bond or letter of credit. We believe it is unlikely that any significant amounts of these bonds or letters of credit will be drawn upon.

The table below outlines our surety bond and letter of credit obligations (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Outstanding		Estimated work remaining to complete		Outstanding		Estimated work remaining to complete
Sureties:
Sureties related to owned projects and lots under contract	$	1,005,561	$	738,545	$	926,928	$	616,028
Total Sureties	$	1,005,561	$	738,545	$	926,928	$	616,028
Letters of Credit (“LOCs”):
LOCs for land development	35,554		N/A		49,442		N/A
LOCs for general corporate operations	5,000		N/A		5,000		N/A
Total LOCs	$	40,554	N/A		$	54,442	N/A

Accrued Liabilities. Accrued liabilities at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accruals related to real estate development and construction activities	$	145,467	$	139,447
Payroll and other benefits	107,413		110,338
Accrued interest	18,257		7,026
Accrued taxes	28,674		25,182
Warranty reserves	39,145		35,575
Lease liabilities	52,340		22,782
Other accruals	21,796		20,265
Total	$	413,092	$	360,615

Warranty Reserves. We provide home purchasers with limited warranties against certain building defects and we have certain obligations related to those post-construction warranties for closed homes. The specific terms and conditions of these limited warranties vary by state, but overall the nature of the warranties include a complete workmanship and materials warranty for the first year after the close of the home, a major mechanical warranty for two years after the close of the home and a structural warranty that typically extends up to 10 years after the close of the home. With the assistance of an actuary, we have estimated these reserves for the structural warranty based on the number of homes still under warranty and historical data and trends for our geographies. We may use industry data with respect to similar product types and geographic areas in markets where our experience is incomplete to draw a meaningful conclusion. We regularly review our warranty reserves and adjust them, as necessary, to reflect changes in trends as information becomes available. Based on such reviews of warranty costs incurred, we did not adjust the warranty reserve balance in the three or nine months ended September 30, 2023 or 2022. Included in the warranty reserve balances at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are case-specific reserves for warranty matters, as discussed in Note 15.

A summary of changes in our warranty reserves follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Balance, beginning of period	$	36,215	$	31,437	$	35,575	$	26,264
Additions to reserve from new home deliveries	6,444		5,583		16,832		15,419
Warranty claims and recoveries	(3,514)		(5,305)		(13,262)		(9,968)		(1)
Adjustments to pre-existing reserves	—		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	39,145	$	31,715	$	39,145	$	31,715

(1)     Includes recoveries for costs incurred over several years on a foundation design and performance matter that affected a single community in Texas.

Warranty reserves are included in Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets, and additions and adjustments to the reserves are included in Cost of home closings within the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements. These reserves are intended to cover costs associated with our contractual and statutory warranty obligations, which include, among other items, claims involving defective workmanship and materials. We believe that our total reserves, coupled with our contractual relationships and rights with our trades and the insurance we and our trades maintain, are sufficient to cover our general warranty obligations. However, unanticipated changes in regulatory, legislative, weather, environmental or other conditions could have an impact on our actual warranty costs, and future costs could differ significantly from our estimates.

Revenue Recognition. In accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, we apply the following steps in determining the timing and amount of revenue to recognize: (1) identify the contract with our customer; (2) identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, if applicable; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy the performance obligations. The performance obligations and subsequent revenue recognition for our three sources of revenue are outlined below:

•Revenue from home closings is recognized when closings have occurred, the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the buyer, and we have no continuing involvement with the property, which is generally upon the close of escrow. Revenue is reported net of any discounts and incentives.

•Revenue from land closings is recognized when a significant down payment is received, title passes, and collectability of the receivable, if any, is reasonably assured, and we have no continuing involvement with the property, which is generally upon the close of escrow.

•Revenue from financial services is recognized when closings have occurred and all financial services have been rendered, which is generally upon the close of escrow.

Home closing and land closing revenue expected to be recognized in any future year related to remaining performance obligations (if any) and the associated contract liabilities expected to be recognized as revenue, excluding revenue pertaining to contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less, is not material. Revenue from financial services includes estimated future insurance policy renewal commissions as our performance obligations are satisfied upon issuance of the initial policy with a third party broker. The related contract assets for these estimated future renewal commissions are not material at

September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Our three sources of revenue are disaggregated by type in the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements.

There are no recent accounting pronouncements that are expected to have a material impact on our financial statements or financial statement disclosures.

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REAL ESTATE AND CAPITALIZED INTEREST

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

REAL ESTATE AND CAPITALIZED INTEREST

REAL ESTATE AND CAPITALIZED INTEREST

Real estate consists of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Homes under contract under construction (1)	$	931,820	$	822,428
Unsold homes, completed and under construction (1)	1,027,352		1,155,543
Model homes (1)	112,306		97,198
Finished home sites and home sites under development (2) (3)	2,429,880		2,283,094
Total	$	4,501,358	$	4,358,263

(1)Includes the allocated land and land development costs associated with each lot for these homes.

(2)Includes raw land, land held for development and land held for sale, less impairments, if any. We do not capitalize interest for inactive assets, and all ongoing costs of land ownership (i.e. property taxes, homeowner association dues, etc.) are expensed as incurred.

(3)Includes land held for sale of $7.1 million and $66.8 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Subject to sufficient qualifying assets, we capitalize our development period interest costs incurred to applicable qualifying assets in connection with our real estate development and construction activities. Capitalized interest is allocated to active real estate when incurred and charged to Cost of closings when the related property is delivered. A summary of our capitalized interest is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Capitalized interest, beginning of period	$	61,078	$	61,459	$	60,169	$	56,253
Interest incurred	14,740		15,179		44,914		45,563
Interest expensed	—		—		—		(41)
Interest amortized to cost of home and land closings	(17,342)		(14,548)		(46,607)		(39,685)
Capitalized interest, end of period	$	58,476	$	62,090	$	58,476	$	62,090

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VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES AND CONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE NOT OWNED

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Variable Interest Entities and Consolidated Real Estate Not Owned [Abstract]

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES AND CONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE NOT OWNED

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES AND CONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE NOT OWNEDWe enter into purchase and option agreements for land or lots as part of the normal course of business. These purchase and option agreements enable us to acquire properties at one or multiple future dates at pre-determined prices. We believe these acquisition structures allow us to better leverage our balance sheet and reduce our financial risk associated with land acquisitions. In accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation, we evaluate all purchase and option agreements for land to determine whether they are a variable interest entity ("VIE"), and if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary. Although we do not have legal title to the underlying land, if we are the primary beneficiary we are required to consolidate the VIE in our financial statements and reflect its assets and liabilities as Real estate not owned and Liabilities related to real estate not owned, respectively. As a result of our analyses, we determined that as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we were not the primary beneficiary of any VIEs from which we have acquired rights to land or lots under option contracts.

The table below presents a summary of our lots under option at September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands): 

	Projected Number of Lots	Purchase Price		Option/ Earnest  Money Deposits–Cash
Purchase and option contracts recorded on balance sheet as Real estate not owned	—	$	—	$	—
Option contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed (1)	7,498	399,674		41,794
Purchase contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed (1)	7,554	248,934		31,360
Purchase and option contracts —refundable deposits, committed	996	72,759		4,891
Total committed	16,048	721,367		78,045
Purchase and option contracts — refundable deposits, uncommitted (2)	28,416	901,198		15,456
Total lots under contract or option	44,464	$	1,622,565	$	93,501
Total purchase and option contracts not recorded on balance sheet (3)	44,464	$	1,622,565	$	93,501	(4)

(1)Deposits are non-refundable except if certain contractual conditions are not performed by the selling party.

(2)Deposits are refundable at our sole discretion. We have not completed our acquisition evaluation process and we have not internally committed to purchase these lots.

(3)Except for our specific performance contracts recorded on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets as Real estate not owned (if any), none of our purchase or option contracts require us to purchase lots.

(4)Amount is reflected on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets in Deposits on real estate under option or contract as of September 30, 2023.

Generally, our options to purchase lots remain effective so long as we purchase a pre-established minimum number of lots on a pre-determined schedule in accordance with each respective agreement. Although the pre-established number is typically structured to approximate our expected rate of home construction starts, during a weakened homebuilding market, we may purchase lots at an absorption level that exceeds our expected orders and home starts pace to meet the pre-established minimum number of lots or restructure our original contract to terms that more accurately reflect our revised orders pace expectations. During a strong homebuilding market, we may accelerate our pre-established minimum purchases if allowed by the contract.

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INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES

INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIESWe may enter into joint ventures as a means of accessing larger parcels of land, expanding our market opportunities, managing our risk profile, optimizing deal structure for the impacted parties and leveraging our capital. While purchasing land through a joint venture can be beneficial, currently we do not view joint ventures as critical to the success of our homebuilding operations. Our joint venture partners generally are other homebuilders, land sellers or other real estate investors. We generally do not have a controlling interest in these ventures, which means our joint venture partners could cause the venture to take actions we disagree with or fail to take actions we believe should be undertaken, including the sale of the underlying property to repay debt or recoup all or part of the partners' investments. Based on the structure of these joint ventures, they may or may not be consolidated into our results. As of September 30, 2023, we had two active equity-method land joint ventures and one mortgage joint venture, which is engaged in mortgage activities and primarily provides services to our homebuyers.

Summarized condensed combined financial information related to unconsolidated joint ventures that are accounted for using the equity method was as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets:
Cash	$	3,855	$	3,389
Real estate	24,743		17,965
Other assets	5,971		11,653
Total assets	$	34,569	$	33,007
Liabilities and equity:
Accounts payable and other liabilities	$	6,352	$	11,397
Equity of:
Meritage (1)	14,157		10,356
Other	14,060		11,254
Total liabilities and equity	$	34,569	$	33,007

 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenue	$	12,715	$	12,083	$	33,941	$	31,161
Costs and expenses	(9,937)		(9,535)		(27,387)		(25,743)
Net earnings of unconsolidated entities	$	2,778	$	2,548	$	6,554	$	5,418
Meritage’s share of pre-tax earnings (1) (2)	$	1,770	$	1,558	$	4,652	$	3,750

(1)Balance represents Meritage’s interest, as reflected in the financial records of the respective joint ventures. This balance may differ from the balance reported in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements due to the following reconciling items: (i) timing differences for revenue and distributions recognition; (ii) step-up basis and corresponding amortization; (iii) capitalization of interest on qualified assets; (iv) income deferrals as discussed in Note (2) below; and (v) the cessation of allocation of losses from joint ventures in which we have previously written down our investment balance to zero and where we have no commitment to fund additional losses.

(2)Our share of pre-tax earnings/(loss) from our mortgage joint venture is recorded in Earnings/(loss) from financial services unconsolidated entities and other, net on the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements. Our share of pre-tax earnings/(loss) from all other joint ventures is recorded in Other income/(expense), net on the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements and excludes joint venture profit related to lots we purchased from the joint ventures, if any. Such profit is deferred until homes are delivered by us and title passes to a homebuyer.

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LOANS PAYABLE AND OTHER BORROWINGS

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

LOANS PAYABLE AND OTHER BORROWINGS

LOANS PAYABLE AND OTHER BORROWINGS

Loans payable and other borrowings consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Other borrowings, real estate notes payable (1)	$	11,008	$	7,057
$835.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility	—		—
Total	$	11,008	$	7,057

(1)Reflects balance of non-recourse notes payable in connection with land purchases.

The Company entered into an amended and restated unsecured revolving credit facility agreement ("Credit Facility") in 2014 that has been amended from time to time. In June 2023, the Credit Facility was amended to increase the facility size to $835.0 million, extend the maturity date to June 2, 2028, amend the accordion feature to permit the facility to increase by up to fifty percent of the facility size, increase the letter of credit sublimit up to the maximum size of the facility, eliminate the

liquidity and interest coverage covenant and adjust certain covenant basket amounts. The Credit Facility's aggregate commitment is $835.0 million with an accordion feature permitting the size of the facility to increase to a maximum of $1.3 billion, subject to certain conditions, including the availability of additional bank commitments. Borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at the Company's option, at either (1) term SOFR (based on 1, 3, or 6 month interest periods, as selected by the Company) plus a 10 basis point adjustment plus an applicable margin (ranging from 125 basis points to 175 basis points (the "applicable margin")) based on the Company's leverage ratio as determined in accordance with a pricing grid, (2) the higher of (i) the prime lending rate ("Prime"), (ii) an overnight bank rate plus 50 basis points and (iii) term SOFR (based on a 1 month interest period) plus a 10 basis point adjustment plus 1%, in each case plus a margin ranging from 25 basis points to 75 basis points based on the Company's leverage in accordance with a pricing grid, or (3) daily simple SOFR plus a 10 basis point adjustment plus the applicable margin. At September 30, 2023, the interest rate on outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility would have been 6.670% per annum, calculated in accordance with option (1) noted above and using the 1-month term SOFR. We are obligated to pay a fee on the undrawn portion of the Credit Facility at a rate determined by a tiered fee matrix based on our leverage ratio.

The Credit Facility also contains certain financial covenants, including (a) a minimum tangible net worth requirement of $2.8 billion (which amount is subject to increase over time based on subsequent earnings and proceeds from equity offerings), and (b) a maximum leverage covenant that prohibits the leverage ratio (as defined therein) from exceeding 60%. We were in compliance with all Credit Facility covenants as of September 30, 2023.

We had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. We had no borrowings or repayments under the Credit Facility during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and $40.0 million in borrowings and repayments during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. As of September 30, 2023, we had outstanding letters of credit issued under the Credit Facility totaling $40.6 million, leaving $794.4 million available under the Credit Facility to be drawn.

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SENIOR NOTES, NET

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

SENIOR NOTES, NET

SENIOR NOTES, NET

Senior notes, net consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
6.00% senior notes due 2025. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 there was approximately $1,169 and $1,977 in net unamortized premium, respectively.	251,169		401,977
5.125% senior notes due 2027	300,000		300,000
3.875% senior notes due 2029	450,000		450,000
Net debt issuance costs	(6,757)		(8,387)
Total	$	994,412	$	1,143,590

The indentures for all of our senior notes contain non-financial covenants including, among others, limitations on the amount of secured debt we may incur, and limitations on sale and leaseback transactions and mergers. We were in compliance with all such covenants as of September 30, 2023.

Obligations to pay principal and interest on the senior notes are guaranteed by substantially all of our wholly-owned subsidiaries (each a “Guarantor” and, collectively, the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”), each of which is directly or indirectly 100% owned by Meritage Homes Corporation. Such guarantees are full and unconditional, and joint and several. In the event of a sale or other disposition of all of the assets of any Guarantor, by way of merger, consolidation or otherwise, or a sale or other disposition of all of the equity interests of any Guarantor then held by Meritage and its subsidiaries, then that Guarantor may be released and relieved of any obligations under its note guarantee. There are no significant restrictions on our ability or the ability of any Guarantor to obtain funds from their respective subsidiaries, as applicable, by dividend or loan. We do not provide separate financial statements of the Guarantor Subsidiaries because Meritage (the parent company) has no independent assets or operations and the guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several. Subsidiaries of Meritage Homes Corporation that are non-guarantor subsidiaries are, individually and in the aggregate, minor.

In September 2023, we partially redeemed $150.0 million of our 6.00% Senior Notes due 2025 (the "2025 Notes"), incurring $0.9 million in early debt extinguishment charges in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, reflected as Loss on early extinguishment of debt in the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements. After the partial redemption, the 2025 Notes have $250.0 million in remaining principal outstanding.

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FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurement ("ASC 820"), defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and addresses required disclosures about fair value measurements. This standard establishes a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the significant inputs used to determine fair value. Observable inputs are those which are obtained from market participants external to the Company while unobservable inputs are generally developed internally, utilizing management’s estimates, assumptions and specific knowledge of the assets/liabilities and related markets. The three levels are defined as follows:

•Level 1 — Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

•Level 2 — Valuation is determined from quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, or by model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable in the market.

•Level 3 — Valuation is derived from model-based techniques in which at least one significant input is unobservable and based on the company’s own estimates about the assumptions that market participants would use to value the asset or liability.

If the only observable inputs are from inactive markets or for transactions which the Company evaluates as “distressed”, the use of Level 1 inputs should be modified by the Company to properly address these factors, or the reliance of such inputs may be limited, with a greater weight attributed to Level 3 inputs.

Financial Instruments: The fair value of our fixed-rate debt is derived from quoted market prices by independent dealers (Level 2 inputs as per the discussion above) and is as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Aggregate Principal		Estimated  Fair Value		Aggregate Principal		Estimated  Fair Value
6.00% senior notes due 2025	$	250,000	$	245,625	$	400,000	$	397,520
5.125% senior notes due 2027	$	300,000	$	283,140	$	300,000	$	283,500
3.875% senior notes due 2029	$	450,000	$	387,090	$	450,000	$	380,610

Due to the short-term nature of other financial assets and liabilities, including our Loans payable and other borrowings, we consider the carrying amounts of our other short-term financial instruments to approximate fair value.

Non-Financial Instruments: Our Real estate assets are Level 3 instruments that are required to be recorded at fair value on non-recurring basis when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Refer to Note 1 for information regarding the valuation of these assets.

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EARNINGS PER SHARE

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

EARNINGS PER SHARE

EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic and diluted earnings per common share were calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding	36,603		36,569		36,677		36,736
Effect of dilutive securities:
Unvested restricted stock	475		377		432		400
Diluted average shares outstanding	37,078		36,946		37,109		37,136
Net earnings	$	221,760	$	262,489	$	539,897	$	729,827
Basic earnings per share	$	6.06	$	7.18	$	14.72	$	19.87
Diluted earnings per share	$	5.98	$	7.10	$	14.55	$	19.65

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ACQUISITIONS AND GOODWILL

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Business Acquisitions and Goodwill [Abstract]

ACQUISITIONS AND GOODWILL

ACQUISITIONS AND GOODWILL

Goodwill. In prior years, we have entered new markets through the acquisition of the homebuilding assets and operations of local/regional homebuilders in Georgia, South Carolina and Tennessee. As a result of these transactions, we recorded approximately $33.0 million of goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price of our acquisitions over the fair value of the net assets acquired. Our acquisitions were recorded in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, and ASC 820, using the acquisition method of accounting. The purchase price for acquisitions was allocated based on estimated fair value of the assets and liabilities at the date of the acquisition. The combined excess purchase price of our acquisitions over the fair value of the net assets is classified as goodwill and is included in our unaudited consolidated balance sheets in Prepaids, other assets and goodwill. In accordance with ASC 350, we assess the recoverability of goodwill annually, or more frequently, if impairment indicators are present.

A summary of the carrying amount of goodwill follows (in thousands):

	West		Central		East		Financial Services		Corporate		Total
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	—	$	—	$	32,962	$	—	$	—	$	32,962
Additions	—		—		—		—		—		—
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	—	$	—	$	32,962	$	—	$	—	$	32,962

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

A summary of changes in stockholders’ equity is presented below (in thousands): 

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	(In thousands)
	Number of Shares	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Total
Balance at December 31, 2022	36,571	$	366	$	327,878	$	3,621,367	$	3,949,611
Net earnings	—	—		—		131,301		131,301
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		6,225		—		6,225
Issuance of stock	287	3		(3)		—		—
Dividends declared	—	—		—		(9,927)		(9,927)
Share repurchases	(93)	(1)		(9,999)		—		(10,000)
Balance at March 31, 2023	36,765	$	368	$	324,101	$	3,742,741	$	4,067,210
Net earnings	—	—		—		186,836		186,836
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		4,176		—		4,176
Dividends declared	—	—		—		(9,927)		(9,927)
Balance at June 30, 2023	36,765	$	368	$	328,277	$	3,919,650	$	4,248,295
Net earnings	—	—		—		221,760		221,760
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		6,156		—		6,156
Dividends declared	—	—		—		(9,841)		(9,841)
Issuance of stock	4	—		—		—		—
Share repurchases	(319)	(4)		(45,324)		—		(45,328)
Balance at September 30, 2023	36,450	$	364	$	289,109	$	4,131,569	$	4,421,042

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	(In thousands)
	Number of Shares	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021	37,341	$	373	$	414,841	$	2,629,175	$	3,044,389
Net earnings	—	—		—		217,254		217,254
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		5,975		—		5,975
Issuance of stock	392	4		(4)		—		—
Share repurchases	(1,038)	(10)		(99,293)		—		(99,303)
Balance at March 31, 2022	36,695	$	367	$	321,519	$	2,846,429	$	3,168,315
Net earnings	—	—		—		250,084		250,084
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		4,070		—		4,070
Share repurchases	(128)	(1)		(9,999)		—		(10,000)
Balance at June 30, 2022	36,567	$	366	$	315,590	$	3,096,513	$	3,412,469
Net earnings	—	—		—		262,489		262,489
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		6,852		—		6,852
Issuance of stock	4	—		—		—		—
Balance at September 30, 2022	36,571	$	366	$	322,442	$	3,359,002	$	3,681,810

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, our Board of Directors approved, and we paid, a quarterly cash dividend on common stock of $0.27 per share. Quarterly dividends declared and paid during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 totaled $0.81 per share. There were no such transactions in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 ("IRA"), which was enacted into law on August 16, 2022, imposed a nondeductible 1% excise tax on the net value of certain stock repurchases made after December 31, 2022. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we reflected the applicable excise tax in Additional paid-in capital as part of the cost basis of the stock repurchased and recorded a corresponding liability for the excise taxes payable in Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets.

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STOCK BASED AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

STOCK BASED AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION

STOCK BASED AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION

We have a stock compensation plan, the Meritage Homes Corporation 2018 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan"), that was approved by our Board of Directors and our stockholders and adopted in May 2018. In May 2023, the Board of Directors and stockholders approved an amendment to the Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance by 800,000. The 2018 Plan is administered by our Board of Directors and allows for the grant of stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, performance share awards and performance-based awards in addition to non-qualified and incentive stock options. All available shares from expired, terminated, or forfeited awards that remained under prior plans were merged into and became available for grant under the 2018 Plan. The 2018 Plan authorizes awards to officers, key employees, non-employee directors and consultants. The 2018 Plan authorizes 7,400,000 shares of stock to be awarded, of which 1,340,233 shares remain available for grant at September 30, 2023. We believe that such awards provide a means of long-term compensation to attract and retain qualified employees and better align the interests of our employees with those of our stockholders. Non-vested stock awards are usually granted with a five-year ratable vesting period for employees, a three-year cliff vesting for both restricted stock and performance-based awards granted to senior executive officers and either a three-year cliff vesting or one-year vesting for non-employee directors, dependent on their start date.

Compensation cost related to time-based restricted stock awards is measured as of the closing price on the date of grant and is expensed, less forfeitures, on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the award. Compensation cost related to performance-based restricted stock awards is also measured as of the closing price on the date of grant but is expensed in accordance with ASC 718-10-25-20, Compensation – Stock Compensation ("ASC 718"), which requires an assessment of probability of attainment of the performance target. As our performance targets are dependent on performance over a specified measurement period, once we determine that the performance target outcome is probable, the cumulative expense is recorded immediately with the remaining expense recorded on a straight-line basis through the end of the award vesting period. A portion of the performance-based restricted stock awards granted to our executive officers contain market conditions as defined by ASC 718. ASC 718 requires that compensation expense for stock awards with market conditions be expensed based on a

derived grant date fair value and expensed over the service period. We engage a third party to perform a valuation analysis on the awards containing market conditions and our associated expense with those awards is based on the derived fair value from that analysis and is expensed straight-line over the service period of the awards. Below is a summary of stock-based compensation expense and stock award activity (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock-based compensation expense	$	6,156	$	6,852	$	16,557	$	16,897
Non-vested shares granted	4,151		13,478		184,563		278,340
Performance-based non-vested shares granted	—		3,322		42,964		43,326
Performance-based shares issued in excess of target shares granted (1)	—		—		26,167		37,146
Restricted stock awards vested (includes performance-based awards)	4,355		4,418		291,526		396,578

(1)Performance-based shares that vested and were issued as a result of performance achievement exceeding the originally established targeted number of shares related to respective performance metrics.

The following table includes additional information regarding our stock compensation plan (dollars in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Unrecognized stock-based compensation cost	$	32,844	$	29,187
Weighted average years expense recognition period	1.97		1.98
Total equity awards outstanding (1)	703,415		803,769

(1)Includes unvested restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance-based awards (assuming 100% target payout).

We also offer a non-qualified deferred compensation plan ("deferred compensation plan") to highly compensated employees in order to allow them additional pre-tax income deferrals above and beyond the limits that qualified plans, such as 401(k) plans, impose on highly compensated employees. We do not currently offer a contribution match on the deferred compensation plan. All contributions to the plan to date have been funded by the employees and, therefore, we have no associated expense related to the deferred compensation plan for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 or 2022, other than minor administrative costs.

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INCOME TAXES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

Components of the income tax provision are as follows (in thousands): 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Federal	$	52,845	$	54,114	$	121,116	$	177,577
State	11,129		12,888		29,548		39,665
Total	$	63,974	$	67,002	$	150,664	$	217,242

The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was 22.4% and 21.8%, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 20.3% and 22.9%, respectively. The higher tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the 2022 period is due to the retroactive extension of the §45L energy-efficient homes federal tax credit on qualifying homes under the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") enacted in the IRA in third quarter of 2022, which includes a nine-month catch up in the third quarter of 2022. The lower effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the 2022 period reflects the increased per-home energy-efficiency credit amount starting in 2023.

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we have no unrecognized tax benefits. We believe our current income tax filing positions and deductions will be sustained on audit and do not anticipate any adjustments that will result in a material change. Our policy is to accrue interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits and include them in the provision for income taxes.

We determine our deferred tax assets and liabilities in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. We evaluate our deferred tax assets, including the benefit from net operating losses ("NOLs"), by jurisdiction to determine if a valuation allowance is required. This evaluation considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability, the length of statutory carry forward periods, experiences with operating losses and experiences of utilizing tax credit carry forwards and tax planning alternatives. We have no NOLs or credit carryovers, and determined that no valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets is necessary at September 30, 2023.

At September 30, 2023, we have $16.1 million in income taxes payable and no income taxes receivable. The income taxes payable primarily consists of current federal and state tax accruals, net of current energy tax credits and estimated tax payments and is recorded in Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2023. We conduct business and are subject to tax in the U.S. both federally and in several states. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, or local income tax examinations by taxing authorities for years prior to 2018. We have one state income tax examination covering various years pending resolution at this time.

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SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATIONThe following table presents certain supplemental cash flow information (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest, net of interest capitalized	$	(12,900)	$	(16,119)
Income taxes paid	$	145,020	$	242,994
Non-cash operating activities:
Real estate acquired through notes payable	$	6,567	$	9,861
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease obligations	$	36,266	$	4,011

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OPERATING AND REPORTING SEGMENTS

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

OPERATING AND REPORTING SEGMENTS

OPERATING AND REPORTING SEGMENTS

We operate with two principal business segments: homebuilding and financial services. As defined in ASC 280-10, Segment Reporting, we have ten homebuilding operating segments. The homebuilding segments are engaged in the business of acquiring and developing land, constructing homes, marketing and selling those homes and providing warranty and customer services. We aggregate our homebuilding operating segments into reporting segments based on similar long-term economic characteristics and geographical proximity. Our three reportable homebuilding segments are as follows:

West:	Arizona, California, Colorado and Utah
Central:	Texas
East:	Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee

Management’s evaluation of segment performance is based on homebuilding segment operating income, which we define as home and land closing revenue less cost of home and land closings, including land development and other land sales costs, commissions and other sales costs, and other general and administrative costs incurred by or allocated to each segment, including impairments. Each reportable segment follows the same accounting policies described in Note 1, “Organization and Basis of Presentation.” Operating results for each segment may not be indicative of the results for such segment had it been an independent, stand-alone entity for the periods presented.

The following segment information is in thousands:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Homebuilding revenue (1):
West	$	606,833	$	598,147	$	1,569,947	$	1,580,456
Central	454,228		500,582		1,338,387		1,280,242
East	552,039		479,292		1,551,474		1,416,638
Consolidated total	$	1,613,100	$	1,578,021	$	4,459,808	$	4,277,336
Homebuilding segment operating income:
West	$	94,885	$	121,060	$	185,977	$	357,319
Central	84,575		112,141		233,357		287,604
East	109,318		104,872		273,711		317,815
Total homebuilding segment operating income	288,778		338,073		693,045		962,738
Financial services segment profit	5,700		4,842		6,066		12,255
Corporate and unallocated costs (2)	(21,168)		(13,350)		(42,680)		(27,034)
Interest expense	—		—		—		(41)
Other income/(expense), net	13,331		(74)		35,037		(849)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	(907)		—		(907)		—
Earnings before income taxes	$	285,734	$	329,491	$	690,561	$	947,069

(1)Homebuilding revenue includes the following land closing revenue, by segment:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Land closing revenue:
West	$	—	$	8,120	$	26,575	$	40,927
Central	1,541		869		4,019		10,374
East	1,242		—		13,953		2,600
Total	$	2,783	$	8,989	$	44,547	$	53,901

(2)Balance consists primarily of corporate costs and shared service functions such as finance and treasury that are not allocated to the homebuilding or financial services reporting segments.

	At September 30, 2023
	West			Central			East			Financial Services		Corporate  and Unallocated			Total
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	$	17,655		$	12,853		$	62,993		$	—	$	—		$	93,501
Real estate	1,664,257			1,231,251			1,605,850			—		—			4,501,358
Investments in unconsolidated entities	73			2,833			11,278			—		878			15,062
Other assets	62,498		(1)	259,753		(2)	104,404		(3)	1,320		1,143,974		(4)	1,571,949
Total assets	$	1,744,483		$	1,506,690		$	1,784,525		$	1,320	$	1,144,852		$	6,181,870

(1)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, other receivables and property and equipment, net.

(2)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and prepaids and other assets.

(3)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, goodwill (see Note 9), prepaids and other assets and property and equipment, net.

(4)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, deferred tax assets and prepaids and other assets.

	At December 31, 2022
	West			Central			East			Financial Services		Corporate  and Unallocated			Total
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	$	21,599		$	8,992		$	46,138		$	—	$	—		$	76,729
Real estate	1,775,879			1,298,455			1,283,929			—		—			4,358,263
Investments in unconsolidated entities	110			2,866			7,503			—		1,274			11,753
Other assets	99,267		(1)	241,470		(2)	132,181		(3)	1,536		850,902		(4)	1,325,356
Total assets	$	1,896,855		$	1,551,783		$	1,469,751		$	1,536	$	852,176		$	5,772,101

(1)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and property and equipment, net.

(2)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and prepaids and other assets.

(3)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, goodwill, prepaids and other assets and property and equipment, net.

(4)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, deferred tax assets and prepaids and other assets.

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIESWe are involved in various routine legal and regulatory proceedings, including, without limitation, claims and litigation alleging construction defects. In general, the proceedings are incidental to our business, and most exposure is subject to and should be covered by warranty and indemnity obligations of our consultants and subcontractors. Additionally, some such claims are also covered by insurance. With respect to the majority of pending litigation matters, our ultimate legal and financial responsibility, if any, cannot be estimated with certainty and, in most cases, any potential material losses related to these matters are not considered probable. Historically, most disputes regarding warranty claims are resolved prior to litigation. We believe there are no pending legal or warranty matters as of September 30, 2023 that could have a material adverse impact upon our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows that have not been sufficiently reserved.As discussed in Note 1 under the heading “Warranty Reserves”, we have case specific reserves within our $39.1 million of total warranty reserves related to alleged stucco defects in certain homes we constructed predominantly between 2006 and 2017 and HVAC condensation issues in limited geographies for homes constructed and delivered in 2021 and the first half of 2022. Our review and management of these matters is ongoing and our estimate of and reserves for resolving them is based on internal data, historical experience, our judgment and various assumptions and estimates. Due to the degree of judgment and the potential for variability in our underlying assumptions and data, as we obtain additional information, we may revise our estimate and thus our related reserves. As of September 30, 2023, after considering potential recoveries from the consultants and contractors involved and their insurers and the potential recovery under our general liability insurance policies, we believe our reserves are sufficient to cover the above mentioned matter. See Note 1 for information related to our warranty obligations.

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Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net earnings	$ 221,760	$ 186,836	$ 131,301	$ 262,489	$ 250,084	$ 217,254	$ 539,897	$ 729,827

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Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

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ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Meritage Homes and those of our consolidated subsidiaries, partnerships and other entities in which we have a controlling financial interest, and of variable interest entities (see Note 3) in which we are deemed the primary beneficiary (collectively, “us”, “we”, “our” and “the Company”). Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments that are considered necessary for the fair presentation of our results for the interim periods presented. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full fiscal year.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Liquid investments with an initial maturity of three months or less are classified as cash equivalents.

Real Estate

Real Estate. Real estate inventory is stated at cost unless the community or land is determined to be impaired, at which point the inventory is written down to fair value as required by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360-10, Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 360-10”). Real estate inventory includes the costs of land acquisition, land development and home construction, capitalized interest, real estate taxes, and direct overhead costs incurred during development and home construction that benefit the entire community, less impairments, if any. Land and development costs are typically allocated and transferred to homes when home construction begins. Home construction costs are accumulated on a per-home basis, while selling and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. Cost of home closings includes the specific construction costs of the home and all related allocated land acquisition, land development and other common costs (both incurred and estimated to be incurred) that are allocated based upon the total number of homes expected to be closed in each community or phase. Any changes to the estimated total development costs of a community or phase are allocated to the remaining homes in that community or phase. When a home closes, we may have incurred costs for materials and services that have not yet been paid. We accrue a liability to capture such obligations in connection with the home closing which is charged directly to Cost of home closings.

We capitalize qualifying interest to inventory during the development and construction periods. Capitalized interest is included in Cost of closings when the related inventory is closed. Included within our Real estate inventory is land held for development and land held for sale. Land held for development primarily represents land and land development costs related to land where development activity is not currently underway but is expected to begin in the future. For these parcels, we have chosen not to currently develop certain land holdings as they typically represent a portion or phases of a larger land parcel that we plan to build out over several years. We do not capitalize interest for these inactive assets, and all ongoing costs of land ownership (i.e. property taxes, homeowner association dues, etc.) are expensed as incurred.

We rely on certain estimates to determine our construction and land development costs. Construction and land costs are comprised of direct and allocated costs, including estimated future costs. In determining these costs, we compile project budgets that are based on a variety of assumptions, including future construction schedules and costs to be incurred. Actual results can differ from budgeted amounts for various reasons, including construction delays, labor or material shortages, sales orders absorptions that differ from our expectations, increases in costs that have not yet been contracted, changes in governmental requirements, or other unanticipated issues encountered during construction and development and other factors beyond our control, including weather. To address uncertainty in these budgets, we assess, update and revise project budgets on a regular basis, utilizing the most current information available to estimate home construction and land development costs.

Typically, a community's life cycle ranges from three to five years, commencing with the acquisition of the land, continuing through the land development phase, if applicable, and concluding with the construction, sale and closing of the homes. Actual community lives will vary based on the size of the community, the sales orders absorption rates and whether the land purchased was raw, partially-developed or in finished status. Master-planned communities encompassing several phases and super-block land parcels may have significantly longer lives and projects involving smaller finished lot purchases may be significantly shorter.

All of our land inventory and related real estate assets are periodically reviewed for recoverability when certain criteria are met, but at least annually, as our inventory is considered “long-lived” in accordance with GAAP. Community-level reviews are performed quarterly to determine if indicators of potential impairment exist. If indicators of potential impairment exist and the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset are lower than its carrying amount, impairment charges are recorded to write down the asset to its estimated fair value. The impairment of a community is allocated to each remaining unstarted lot in the community on a straight-line basis and is recognized in Cost of home closings in the period in which the impairment is determined. Our determination of fair value is based on projections and estimates. Changes in these expectations may lead to a change in the outcome of our impairment analysis, and actual results may also differ from our assumptions, although if financial metrics improve, we do not reverse impairments once recorded. See Note 2 for additional information related to real estate.

Deposits

Deposits. Deposits paid related to land option and purchase contracts are recorded and classified as Deposits on real estate under option or contract until the related land is purchased. Deposits are reclassified as a component of Real estate at the time the deposit is used to offset the acquisition price of the land based on the terms of the underlying agreements. To the extent they are non-refundable, deposits are expensed to Cost of home closings if the land acquisition is terminated or no longer considered probable. Since our acquisition contracts typically do not require specific performance, we do not consider such contracts to be contractual obligations to purchase the land and our total exposure under such contracts is limited to the loss of any non-refundable deposits and any related capitalized costs.

Goodwill

Goodwill. In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles, Goodwill and Other ("ASC 350"), we analyze goodwill on an annual basis (or whenever indication of impairment exists) through a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform a goodwill impairment test. ASC 350 states that an entity may first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a goodwill impairment test. Such qualitative factors include: (1) macroeconomic conditions, such as a deterioration in general economic conditions; (2) industry and market considerations such as deterioration in the environment in which the entity operates; (3) cost factors such as increases in raw materials, labor costs, etc.; and (4) overall financial performance such as negative or declining cash flows or a decline in actual or planned revenue or earnings. If the qualitative analysis determines that additional impairment testing is required, a two-step impairment test in accordance with ASC 350 would be initiated. We continually evaluate our qualitative inputs to assess whether events and circumstances have occurred that indicate the goodwill balance may not be recoverable. See Note 9 for additional information on our goodwill assets.

Leases

Leases. We lease certain office space and equipment for use in our operations. We assess each of these contracts to determine whether the arrangement contains a lease as defined by ASC 842, Leases ("ASC 842"). In order to meet the definition of a lease under ASC 842, the contractual arrangement must convey to us the right to control the use of an identifiable asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Leases that meet the criteria of ASC 842 are recorded on our balance sheets as right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities. ROU assets are classified within Prepaids, other assets and goodwill on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets, while lease liabilities are classified within Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements - Joint Ventures. We may participate in land development joint ventures as a means of accessing larger parcels of land, expanding our market opportunities, managing our risk profile, optimizing deal structure for the impacted parties and leveraging our capital, although our participation in such ventures is currently limited. See Note 4 for additional discussion of our investments in unconsolidated entities.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements - Other. In the normal course of business, we may acquire lots from various development entities pursuant to purchase and option agreements. The purchase price generally approximates the market price at the date the contract is executed (with possible future escalators) and the acquisition of the land is typically staggered. See Note 3 for additional information on these off-balance sheet arrangements.

Surety Bonds and Letters of Credit. We provide surety bonds and letters of credit in support of our obligations relating to the development of our projects and other corporate purposes in lieu of cash deposits. The amount of these obligations outstanding at any time varies depending on the stage and level of our development activities. Surety bonds are generally not wholly released until all development activities under the bond are complete. In the event a bond or letter of credit is drawn upon, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer for any amounts advanced under the bond or letter of credit. We believe it is unlikely that any significant amounts of these bonds or letters of credit will be drawn upon.

Warranty Reserves

Warranty Reserves. We provide home purchasers with limited warranties against certain building defects and we have certain obligations related to those post-construction warranties for closed homes. The specific terms and conditions of these limited warranties vary by state, but overall the nature of the warranties include a complete workmanship and materials warranty for the first year after the close of the home, a major mechanical warranty for two years after the close of the home and a structural warranty that typically extends up to 10 years after the close of the home. With the assistance of an actuary, we have estimated these reserves for the structural warranty based on the number of homes still under warranty and historical data and trends for our geographies. We may use industry data with respect to similar product types and geographic areas in markets where our experience is incomplete to draw a meaningful conclusion. We regularly review our warranty reserves and adjust them, as necessary, to reflect changes in trends as information becomes available.Warranty reserves are included in Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets, and additions and adjustments to the reserves are included in Cost of home closings within the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements. These reserves are intended to cover costs associated with our contractual and statutory warranty obligations, which include, among other items, claims involving defective workmanship and materials. We believe that our total reserves, coupled with our contractual relationships and rights with our trades and the insurance we and our trades maintain, are sufficient to cover our general warranty obligations. However, unanticipated changes in regulatory, legislative, weather, environmental or other conditions could have an impact on our actual warranty costs, and future costs could differ significantly from our estimates.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition. In accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, we apply the following steps in determining the timing and amount of revenue to recognize: (1) identify the contract with our customer; (2) identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, if applicable; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy the performance obligations. The performance obligations and subsequent revenue recognition for our three sources of revenue are outlined below:

•Revenue from home closings is recognized when closings have occurred, the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the buyer, and we have no continuing involvement with the property, which is generally upon the close of escrow. Revenue is reported net of any discounts and incentives.

•Revenue from land closings is recognized when a significant down payment is received, title passes, and collectability of the receivable, if any, is reasonably assured, and we have no continuing involvement with the property, which is generally upon the close of escrow.

•Revenue from financial services is recognized when closings have occurred and all financial services have been rendered, which is generally upon the close of escrow.

Home closing and land closing revenue expected to be recognized in any future year related to remaining performance obligations (if any) and the associated contract liabilities expected to be recognized as revenue, excluding revenue pertaining to contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less, is not material. Revenue from financial services includes estimated future insurance policy renewal commissions as our performance obligations are satisfied upon issuance of the initial policy with a third party broker. The related contract assets for these estimated future renewal commissions are not material at

September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Our three sources of revenue are disaggregated by type in the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements.

There are no recent accounting pronouncements that are expected to have a material impact on our financial statements or financial statement disclosures.

Variable Interest Entities

In accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation, we evaluate all purchase and option agreements for land to determine whether they are a variable interest entity ("VIE"), and if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary. Although we do not have legal title to the underlying land, if we are the primary beneficiary we are required to consolidate the VIE in our financial statements and reflect its assets and liabilities as Real estate not owned and Liabilities related to real estate not owned, respectively. As a result of our analyses, we determined that as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we were not the primary beneficiary of any VIEs from which we have acquired rights to land or lots under option contracts.

Fair Value Disclosures

ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurement ("ASC 820"), defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and addresses required disclosures about fair value measurements. This standard establishes a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the significant inputs used to determine fair value. Observable inputs are those which are obtained from market participants external to the Company while unobservable inputs are generally developed internally, utilizing management’s estimates, assumptions and specific knowledge of the assets/liabilities and related markets. The three levels are defined as follows:

•Level 1 — Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

•Level 2 — Valuation is determined from quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, or by model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable in the market.

•Level 3 — Valuation is derived from model-based techniques in which at least one significant input is unobservable and based on the company’s own estimates about the assumptions that market participants would use to value the asset or liability.

If the only observable inputs are from inactive markets or for transactions which the Company evaluates as “distressed”, the use of Level 1 inputs should be modified by the Company to properly address these factors, or the reliance of such inputs may be limited, with a greater weight attributed to Level 3 inputs.

Stock-Based Compensation

Compensation cost related to time-based restricted stock awards is measured as of the closing price on the date of grant and is expensed, less forfeitures, on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the award. Compensation cost related to performance-based restricted stock awards is also measured as of the closing price on the date of grant but is expensed in accordance with ASC 718-10-25-20, Compensation – Stock Compensation ("ASC 718"), which requires an assessment of probability of attainment of the performance target. As our performance targets are dependent on performance over a specified measurement period, once we determine that the performance target outcome is probable, the cumulative expense is recorded immediately with the remaining expense recorded on a straight-line basis through the end of the award vesting period. A portion of the performance-based restricted stock awards granted to our executive officers contain market conditions as defined by ASC 718. ASC 718 requires that compensation expense for stock awards with market conditions be expensed based on a derived grant date fair value and expensed over the service period. We engage a third party to perform a valuation analysis on the awards containing market conditions and our associated expense with those awards is based on the derived fair value from that analysis and is expensed straight-line over the service period of the awards.

Income Tax Policy

We determine our deferred tax assets and liabilities in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes. We evaluate our deferred tax assets, including the benefit from net operating losses ("NOLs"), by jurisdiction to determine if a valuation allowance is required. This evaluation considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability, the length of statutory carry forward periods, experiences with operating losses and experiences of utilizing tax credit carry forwards and tax planning alternatives.

Segment Reporting

We operate with two principal business segments: homebuilding and financial services. As defined in ASC 280-10, Segment Reporting, we have ten homebuilding operating segments. The homebuilding segments are engaged in the business of acquiring and developing land, constructing homes, marketing and selling those homes and providing warranty and customer services. We aggregate our homebuilding operating segments into reporting segments based on similar long-term economic characteristics and geographical proximity. Our three reportable homebuilding segments are as follows:

West:	Arizona, California, Colorado and Utah
Central:	Texas
East:	Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee

Management’s evaluation of segment performance is based on homebuilding segment operating income, which we define as home and land closing revenue less cost of home and land closings, including land development and other land sales costs, commissions and other sales costs, and other general and administrative costs incurred by or allocated to each segment, including impairments. Each reportable segment follows the same accounting policies described in Note 1, “Organization and Basis of Presentation.” Operating results for each segment may not be indicative of the results for such segment had it been an independent, stand-alone entity for the periods presented.

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ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Lease, Cost

The table below outlines our ROU assets and lease liabilities (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ROU assets	$	49,619	$	19,129
Lease liabilities	52,340		22,782

Schedule of Surety Bond and Letter of Credit Obligations

The table below outlines our surety bond and letter of credit obligations (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Outstanding		Estimated work remaining to complete		Outstanding		Estimated work remaining to complete
Sureties:
Sureties related to owned projects and lots under contract	$	1,005,561	$	738,545	$	926,928	$	616,028
Total Sureties	$	1,005,561	$	738,545	$	926,928	$	616,028
Letters of Credit (“LOCs”):
LOCs for land development	35,554		N/A		49,442		N/A
LOCs for general corporate operations	5,000		N/A		5,000		N/A
Total LOCs	$	40,554	N/A		$	54,442	N/A

Schedule of Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accruals related to real estate development and construction activities	$	145,467	$	139,447
Payroll and other benefits	107,413		110,338
Accrued interest	18,257		7,026
Accrued taxes	28,674		25,182
Warranty reserves	39,145		35,575
Lease liabilities	52,340		22,782
Other accruals	21,796		20,265
Total	$	413,092	$	360,615

Summary of Changes in Warranty Reserves

A summary of changes in our warranty reserves follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Balance, beginning of period	$	36,215	$	31,437	$	35,575	$	26,264
Additions to reserve from new home deliveries	6,444		5,583		16,832		15,419
Warranty claims and recoveries	(3,514)		(5,305)		(13,262)		(9,968)		(1)
Adjustments to pre-existing reserves	—		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	39,145	$	31,715	$	39,145	$	31,715

(1)

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REAL ESTATE AND CAPITALIZED INTEREST (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Real Estate

Real estate consists of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Homes under contract under construction (1)	$	931,820	$	822,428
Unsold homes, completed and under construction (1)	1,027,352		1,155,543
Model homes (1)	112,306		97,198
Finished home sites and home sites under development (2) (3)	2,429,880		2,283,094
Total	$	4,501,358	$	4,358,263

(1)Includes the allocated land and land development costs associated with each lot for these homes.

(2)Includes raw land, land held for development and land held for sale, less impairments, if any. We do not capitalize interest for inactive assets, and all ongoing costs of land ownership (i.e. property taxes, homeowner association dues, etc.) are expensed as incurred.

(3)Includes land held for sale of $7.1 million and $66.8 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Summary of Capitalized Interest

A summary of our capitalized interest is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Capitalized interest, beginning of period	$	61,078	$	61,459	$	60,169	$	56,253
Interest incurred	14,740		15,179		44,914		45,563
Interest expensed	—		—		—		(41)
Interest amortized to cost of home and land closings	(17,342)		(14,548)		(46,607)		(39,685)
Capitalized interest, end of period	$	58,476	$	62,090	$	58,476	$	62,090

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VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES AND CONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE NOT OWNED (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Variable Interest Entities and Consolidated Real Estate Not Owned [Abstract]

Summary of Lots Under Option

The table below presents a summary of our lots under option at September 30, 2023 (dollars in thousands): 

	Projected Number of Lots	Purchase Price		Option/ Earnest  Money Deposits–Cash
Purchase and option contracts recorded on balance sheet as Real estate not owned	—	$	—	$	—
Option contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed (1)	7,498	399,674		41,794
Purchase contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed (1)	7,554	248,934		31,360
Purchase and option contracts —refundable deposits, committed	996	72,759		4,891
Total committed	16,048	721,367		78,045
Purchase and option contracts — refundable deposits, uncommitted (2)	28,416	901,198		15,456
Total lots under contract or option	44,464	$	1,622,565	$	93,501
Total purchase and option contracts not recorded on balance sheet (3)	44,464	$	1,622,565	$	93,501	(4)

(1)Deposits are non-refundable except if certain contractual conditions are not performed by the selling party.

(2)Deposits are refundable at our sole discretion. We have not completed our acquisition evaluation process and we have not internally committed to purchase these lots.

(3)Except for our specific performance contracts recorded on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets as Real estate not owned (if any), none of our purchase or option contracts require us to purchase lots.

(4)Amount is reflected on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets in Deposits on real estate under option or contract as of September 30, 2023.

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INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Summary of Condensed Financial Information Related to Unconsolidated Equity Method Joint Ventures

Summarized condensed combined financial information related to unconsolidated joint ventures that are accounted for using the equity method was as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets:
Cash	$	3,855	$	3,389
Real estate	24,743		17,965
Other assets	5,971		11,653
Total assets	$	34,569	$	33,007
Liabilities and equity:
Accounts payable and other liabilities	$	6,352	$	11,397
Equity of:
Meritage (1)	14,157		10,356
Other	14,060		11,254
Total liabilities and equity	$	34,569	$	33,007

 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenue	$	12,715	$	12,083	$	33,941	$	31,161
Costs and expenses	(9,937)		(9,535)		(27,387)		(25,743)
Net earnings of unconsolidated entities	$	2,778	$	2,548	$	6,554	$	5,418
Meritage’s share of pre-tax earnings (1) (2)	$	1,770	$	1,558	$	4,652	$	3,750

(1)Balance represents Meritage’s interest, as reflected in the financial records of the respective joint ventures. This balance may differ from the balance reported in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements due to the following reconciling items: (i) timing differences for revenue and distributions recognition; (ii) step-up basis and corresponding amortization; (iii) capitalization of interest on qualified assets; (iv) income deferrals as discussed in Note (2) below; and (v) the cessation of allocation of losses from joint ventures in which we have previously written down our investment balance to zero and where we have no commitment to fund additional losses.

(2)Our share of pre-tax earnings/(loss) from our mortgage joint venture is recorded in Earnings/(loss) from financial services unconsolidated entities and other, net on the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements. Our share of pre-tax earnings/(loss) from all other joint ventures is recorded in Other income/(expense), net on the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements and excludes joint venture profit related to lots we purchased from the joint ventures, if any. Such profit is deferred until homes are delivered by us and title passes to a homebuyer.

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LOANS PAYABLE AND OTHER BORROWINGS (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Loans Payable and Other Borrowings

Loans payable and other borrowings consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Other borrowings, real estate notes payable (1)	$	11,008	$	7,057
$835.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility	—		—
Total	$	11,008	$	7,057

(1)Reflects balance of non-recourse notes payable in connection with land purchases.

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SENIOR NOTES, NET (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Senior Notes, Net

Senior notes, net consist of the following (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
6.00% senior notes due 2025. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 there was approximately $1,169 and $1,977 in net unamortized premium, respectively.	251,169		401,977
5.125% senior notes due 2027	300,000		300,000
3.875% senior notes due 2029	450,000		450,000
Net debt issuance costs	(6,757)		(8,387)
Total	$	994,412	$	1,143,590

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FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value of Fixed-Rate Debt

The fair value of our fixed-rate debt is derived from quoted market prices by independent dealers (Level 2 inputs as per the discussion above) and is as follows (in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Aggregate Principal		Estimated  Fair Value		Aggregate Principal		Estimated  Fair Value
6.00% senior notes due 2025	$	250,000	$	245,625	$	400,000	$	397,520
5.125% senior notes due 2027	$	300,000	$	283,140	$	300,000	$	283,500
3.875% senior notes due 2029	$	450,000	$	387,090	$	450,000	$	380,610

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EARNINGS PER SHARE (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Basic and Diluted Earnings per Common Share

Basic and diluted earnings per common share were calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding	36,603		36,569		36,677		36,736
Effect of dilutive securities:
Unvested restricted stock	475		377		432		400
Diluted average shares outstanding	37,078		36,946		37,109		37,136
Net earnings	$	221,760	$	262,489	$	539,897	$	729,827
Basic earnings per share	$	6.06	$	7.18	$	14.72	$	19.87
Diluted earnings per share	$	5.98	$	7.10	$	14.55	$	19.65

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ACQUISITIONS AND GOODWILL (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Business Acquisitions and Goodwill [Abstract]

Summary of Changes in the Carrying Amount of Goodwill

A summary of the carrying amount of goodwill follows (in thousands):

	West		Central		East		Financial Services		Corporate		Total
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	—	$	—	$	32,962	$	—	$	—	$	32,962
Additions	—		—		—		—		—		—
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	—	$	—	$	32,962	$	—	$	—	$	32,962

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Summary of Changes in Shareholders' Equity

A summary of changes in stockholders’ equity is presented below (in thousands): 

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	(In thousands)
	Number of Shares	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Total
Balance at December 31, 2022	36,571	$	366	$	327,878	$	3,621,367	$	3,949,611
Net earnings	—	—		—		131,301		131,301
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		6,225		—		6,225
Issuance of stock	287	3		(3)		—		—
Dividends declared	—	—		—		(9,927)		(9,927)
Share repurchases	(93)	(1)		(9,999)		—		(10,000)
Balance at March 31, 2023	36,765	$	368	$	324,101	$	3,742,741	$	4,067,210
Net earnings	—	—		—		186,836		186,836
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		4,176		—		4,176
Dividends declared	—	—		—		(9,927)		(9,927)
Balance at June 30, 2023	36,765	$	368	$	328,277	$	3,919,650	$	4,248,295
Net earnings	—	—		—		221,760		221,760
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		6,156		—		6,156
Dividends declared	—	—		—		(9,841)		(9,841)
Issuance of stock	4	—		—		—		—
Share repurchases	(319)	(4)		(45,324)		—		(45,328)
Balance at September 30, 2023	36,450	$	364	$	289,109	$	4,131,569	$	4,421,042

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	(In thousands)
	Number of Shares	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021	37,341	$	373	$	414,841	$	2,629,175	$	3,044,389
Net earnings	—	—		—		217,254		217,254
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		5,975		—		5,975
Issuance of stock	392	4		(4)		—		—
Share repurchases	(1,038)	(10)		(99,293)		—		(99,303)
Balance at March 31, 2022	36,695	$	367	$	321,519	$	2,846,429	$	3,168,315
Net earnings	—	—		—		250,084		250,084
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		4,070		—		4,070
Share repurchases	(128)	(1)		(9,999)		—		(10,000)
Balance at June 30, 2022	36,567	$	366	$	315,590	$	3,096,513	$	3,412,469
Net earnings	—	—		—		262,489		262,489
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		6,852		—		6,852
Issuance of stock	4	—		—		—		—
Balance at September 30, 2022	36,571	$	366	$	322,442	$	3,359,002	$	3,681,810

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, our Board of Directors approved, and we paid, a quarterly cash dividend on common stock of $0.27 per share. Quarterly dividends declared and paid during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 totaled $0.81 per share. There were no such transactions in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 ("IRA"), which was enacted into law on August 16, 2022, imposed a nondeductible 1% excise tax on the net value of certain stock repurchases made after December 31, 2022. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we reflected the applicable excise tax in Additional paid-in capital as part of the cost basis of the stock repurchased and recorded a corresponding liability for the excise taxes payable in Accrued liabilities on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets.

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STOCK BASED AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Summary of Compensation Expense and Stock Award Activity

Below is a summary of stock-based compensation expense and stock award activity (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock-based compensation expense	$	6,156	$	6,852	$	16,557	$	16,897
Non-vested shares granted	4,151		13,478		184,563		278,340
Performance-based non-vested shares granted	—		3,322		42,964		43,326
Performance-based shares issued in excess of target shares granted (1)	—		—		26,167		37,146
Restricted stock awards vested (includes performance-based awards)	4,355		4,418		291,526		396,578

(1)Performance-based shares that vested and were issued as a result of performance achievement exceeding the originally established targeted number of shares related to respective performance metrics.

Summary of Additional Information Regarding Stock Plan

The following table includes additional information regarding our stock compensation plan (dollars in thousands):

	As of
	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Unrecognized stock-based compensation cost	$	32,844	$	29,187
Weighted average years expense recognition period	1.97		1.98
Total equity awards outstanding (1)	703,415		803,769

(1)Includes unvested restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance-based awards (assuming 100% target payout).

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INCOME TAXES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Provision

Components of the income tax provision are as follows (in thousands): 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Federal	$	52,845	$	54,114	$	121,116	$	177,577
State	11,129		12,888		29,548		39,665
Total	$	63,974	$	67,002	$	150,664	$	217,242

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SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Supplemental Cash Flow Elements [Abstract]

Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The following table presents certain supplemental cash flow information (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest, net of interest capitalized	$	(12,900)	$	(16,119)
Income taxes paid	$	145,020	$	242,994
Non-cash operating activities:
Real estate acquired through notes payable	$	6,567	$	9,861
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease obligations	$	36,266	$	4,011

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OPERATING AND REPORTING SEGMENTS (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segment Information

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Homebuilding revenue (1):
West	$	606,833	$	598,147	$	1,569,947	$	1,580,456
Central	454,228		500,582		1,338,387		1,280,242
East	552,039		479,292		1,551,474		1,416,638
Consolidated total	$	1,613,100	$	1,578,021	$	4,459,808	$	4,277,336
Homebuilding segment operating income:
West	$	94,885	$	121,060	$	185,977	$	357,319
Central	84,575		112,141		233,357		287,604
East	109,318		104,872		273,711		317,815
Total homebuilding segment operating income	288,778		338,073		693,045		962,738
Financial services segment profit	5,700		4,842		6,066		12,255
Corporate and unallocated costs (2)	(21,168)		(13,350)		(42,680)		(27,034)
Interest expense	—		—		—		(41)
Other income/(expense), net	13,331		(74)		35,037		(849)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	(907)		—		(907)		—
Earnings before income taxes	$	285,734	$	329,491	$	690,561	$	947,069

(1)Homebuilding revenue includes the following land closing revenue, by segment:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Land closing revenue:
West	$	—	$	8,120	$	26,575	$	40,927
Central	1,541		869		4,019		10,374
East	1,242		—		13,953		2,600
Total	$	2,783	$	8,989	$	44,547	$	53,901

(2)Balance consists primarily of corporate costs and shared service functions such as finance and treasury that are not allocated to the homebuilding or financial services reporting segments.

Schedule of Segment Assets

	At September 30, 2023
	West			Central			East			Financial Services		Corporate  and Unallocated			Total
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	$	17,655		$	12,853		$	62,993		$	—	$	—		$	93,501
Real estate	1,664,257			1,231,251			1,605,850			—		—			4,501,358
Investments in unconsolidated entities	73			2,833			11,278			—		878			15,062
Other assets	62,498		(1)	259,753		(2)	104,404		(3)	1,320		1,143,974		(4)	1,571,949
Total assets	$	1,744,483		$	1,506,690		$	1,784,525		$	1,320	$	1,144,852		$	6,181,870

(1)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, other receivables and property and equipment, net.

(2)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and prepaids and other assets.

(3)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, goodwill (see Note 9), prepaids and other assets and property and equipment, net.

(4)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, deferred tax assets and prepaids and other assets.

	At December 31, 2022
	West			Central			East			Financial Services		Corporate  and Unallocated			Total
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	$	21,599		$	8,992		$	46,138		$	—	$	—		$	76,729
Real estate	1,775,879			1,298,455			1,283,929			—		—			4,358,263
Investments in unconsolidated entities	110			2,866			7,503			—		1,274			11,753
Other assets	99,267		(1)	241,470		(2)	132,181		(3)	1,536		850,902		(4)	1,325,356
Total assets	$	1,896,855		$	1,551,783		$	1,469,751		$	1,536	$	852,176		$	5,772,101

(1)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and property and equipment, net.

(2)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and prepaids and other assets.

(3)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, goodwill, prepaids and other assets and property and equipment, net.

(4)Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, deferred tax assets and prepaids and other assets.

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ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) state region community	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Organization and Presentation [Line Items]
Entity operations in number of regions | region	3
Number of states in regions | state	10
Number of communities in which homes are sold | community	272
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	$ 93,501	$ 76,729
ROU assets	49,619	19,129
Lease liabilities	52,340	22,782
Contract asset insurance renewals	0	0
Cash and cash equivalents [Member]
Organization and Presentation [Line Items]
Amounts in transit from title companies for home closings	81,100	$ 161,500
Minimum [Member]
Organization and Presentation [Line Items]
Base price per house for sale range	$ 231
Community life cycle range	3 years
Maximum [Member]
Organization and Presentation [Line Items]
Base price per house for sale range	$ 1,054
Community life cycle range	5 years
Maximum [Member] | Non-Structural Items [Member]
Organization and Presentation [Line Items]
Warranty period following home closings	2 years
Maximum [Member] | Structural [Member]
Organization and Presentation [Line Items]
Warranty period following home closings	10 years

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ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION - Schedule of Surety Bond and Letter of Credit Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Sureties related to owned projects and lots under contract [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Outstanding	$ 1,005,561	$ 926,928
Estimated work remaining to complete	738,545	616,028
Sureties [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Outstanding	1,005,561	926,928
Estimated work remaining to complete	738,545	616,028
LOCs for land development [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding	35,554	49,442
LOCs for general corporate operations [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding	5,000	5,000
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Line of Credit [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 40,554	$ 54,442

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ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION - Schedule of Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Accrued Liabilities
Accruals related to real estate development and construction activities	$ 145,467		$ 139,447
Payroll and other benefits	107,413		110,338
Accrued interest	18,257		7,026
Accrued taxes	28,674		25,182
Warranty reserves	39,145	$ 36,215	35,575	$ 31,715	$ 31,437	$ 26,264
Lease liabilities	52,340		22,782
Other accruals	21,796		20,265
Total	$ 413,092		$ 360,615

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ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION - Summary of Changes in Warranty Reserves (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Warranty Reserves
Balance, beginning of period	$ 36,215	$ 31,437	$ 35,575	$ 26,264
Additions to reserve from new home deliveries	6,444	5,583	16,832	15,419
Warranty claims and recoveries	(3,514)	(5,305)	(13,262)	(9,968)
Adjustments to pre-existing reserves	0	0	0	0
Balance, end of period	$ 39,145	$ 31,715	$ 39,145	$ 31,715

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REAL ESTATE AND CAPITALIZED INTEREST - Schedule of Real Estate (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Sep. 30, 2023		Dec. 31, 2022
Real Estate Properties
Homes under contract under construction	[1]	$ 931,820		$ 822,428
Unsold homes completed and under construction	[1]	1,027,352		1,155,543
Model homes	[1]	112,306		97,198
Finished home sites and home sites under development	[2]	2,429,880		2,283,094
Real estate		4,501,358		4,358,263
Land held for sale		$ 7,100	[3]	$ 66,800

[1] Includes the allocated land and land development costs associated with each lot for these homes.

[2] Includes raw land, land held for development and land held for sale, less impairments, if any. We do not capitalize interest for inactive assets, and all ongoing costs of land ownership (i.e. property taxes, homeowner association dues, etc.) are expensed as incurred.

[3] Includes land held for sale of $7.1 million and $66.8 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively

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REAL ESTATE AND CAPITALIZED INTEREST - Summary of Capitalized Interest (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Summary of capitalized interest
Capitalized interest, beginning of period	$ 61,078	$ 61,459	$ 60,169	$ 56,253
Interest incurred	14,740	15,179	44,914	45,563
Interest expensed	0	0	0	(41)
Interest amortized to cost of home and land closings	(17,342)	(14,548)	(46,607)	(39,685)
Capitalized interest, end of period	$ 58,476	$ 62,090	$ 58,476	$ 62,090

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VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES AND CONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE NOT OWNED - Summary of Lots Under Option (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) lot
Projected Number of Lots
Option contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed | lot	7,498	[1]
Purchase contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed | lot	7,554	[1]
Purchase and option contracts —refundable deposits, committed | lot	996
Total committed | lot	16,048
Purchase and option contracts — refundable deposits, uncommitted | lot	28,416	[2]
Total lots under contract or option | lot	44,464
Total purchase and option contracts not recorded on balance sheet | lot	44,464	[3]
Purchase Price
Option contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed	$ 399,674	[1]
Purchase contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed	248,934	[1]
Purchase and option contracts —refundable deposits, committed	72,759
Total committed	721,367
Purchase and option contracts — refundable deposits, uncommitted	901,198	[2]
Total lots under contract or option	1,622,565
Total purchase and option contracts not recorded on balance sheet	1,622,565	[3]
Option/ Earnest  Money Deposits–Cash
Option contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed	41,794	[1]
Purchase contracts — non-refundable deposits, committed	31,360	[1]
Purchase and option contracts —refundable deposits, committed	4,891
Total committed	78,045
Purchase and option contracts — refundable deposits, uncommitted	15,456	[2]
Total lots under contract or option	93,501
Total purchase and option contracts not recorded on balance sheet	$ 93,501	[3],[4]
Land Under Purchase Contracts And Options, Recorded, Number Of Lots | lot	0
Land Under Purchase Contracts And Options, Recorded	$ 0
Land Under Purchase Contracts And Options, Recorded, Cash Deposits	$ 0

[1] Deposits are non-refundable except if certain contractual conditions are not performed by the selling party.

[2] Deposits are refundable at our sole discretion. We have not completed our acquisition evaluation process and we have not internally committed to purchase these lots.

[3] Except for our specific performance contracts recorded on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets as Real estate not owned (if any), none of our purchase or option contracts require us to purchase lots.

[4] Amount is reflected on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets in Deposits on real estate under option or contract as of September 30, 2023.

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INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) joint_venture	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Investments in unconsolidated entities | $	$ 15,062	$ 11,753
Equity-method land ventures [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Number of joint ventures	2
Mortgage joint ventures [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Number of joint ventures	1

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INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES - Summary of Condensed Financial Information Related to Unconsolidated Equity Method Joint Ventures, Assets Liabilities and Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets
Real estate		$ 4,501,358		$ 4,501,358				$ 4,358,263
Other assets		1,571,949		1,571,949				1,325,356
Total assets		6,181,870		6,181,870				5,772,101
Equity of:
Meritage		4,421,042	$ 3,681,810	4,421,042	$ 3,681,810	$ 4,248,295	$ 4,067,210	3,949,611	$ 3,412,469	$ 3,168,315	$ 3,044,389
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		6,181,870		6,181,870				5,772,101
Earnings/(loss) from financial services unconsolidated entities and other, net				4,651	3,703
Unconsolidated entities
Equity of:
Earnings/(loss) from financial services unconsolidated entities and other, net		2,778	$ 2,548	6,554	$ 5,418
Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee
Assets
Real estate		24,743		24,743				17,965
Other assets		5,971		5,971				11,653
Total assets		34,569		34,569				33,007
Liabilities and equity:
Accounts payable and other liabilities		6,352		6,352				11,397
Equity of:
Meritage	[1]	14,157		14,157				10,356
Other		14,060		14,060				11,254
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		34,569		34,569				33,007
Cash		3,855		3,855				3,389
Cash		$ 3,855		$ 3,855				$ 3,389

[1] Balance represents Meritage’s interest, as reflected in the financial records of the respective joint ventures. This balance may differ from the balance reported in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements due to the following reconciling items: (i) timing differences for revenue and distributions recognition; (ii) step-up basis and corresponding amortization; (iii) capitalization of interest on qualified assets; (iv) income deferrals as discussed in Note (2) below; and (v) the cessation of allocation of losses from joint ventures in which we have previously written down our investment balance to zero and where we have no commitment to fund additional losses.

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INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES - Summary of Condensed Financial Information Related to Unconsolidated Equity Method Joint Ventures, Revenues and Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Net earnings of unconsolidated entities								$ 4,651	$ 3,703
Net earnings		$ 221,760	$ 186,836	$ 131,301	$ 262,489	$ 250,084	$ 217,254	539,897	729,827
Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Revenue		12,715			12,083			33,941	31,161
Costs and expenses		(9,937)			(9,535)			(27,387)	(25,743)
Net earnings	[1],[2]	$ 1,770			$ 1,558			$ 4,652	$ 3,750

[1] Balance represents Meritage’s interest, as reflected in the financial records of the respective joint ventures. This balance may differ from the balance reported in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements due to the following reconciling items: (i) timing differences for revenue and distributions recognition; (ii) step-up basis and corresponding amortization; (iii) capitalization of interest on qualified assets; (iv) income deferrals as discussed in Note (2) below; and (v) the cessation of allocation of losses from joint ventures in which we have previously written down our investment balance to zero and where we have no commitment to fund additional losses.

[2] Our share of pre-tax earnings/(loss) from our mortgage joint venture is recorded in Earnings/(loss) from financial services unconsolidated entities and other, net on the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements. Our share of pre-tax earnings/(loss) from all other joint ventures is recorded in Other income/(expense), net on the accompanying unaudited consolidated income statements and excludes joint venture profit related to lots we purchased from the joint ventures, if any. Such profit is deferred until homes are delivered by us and title passes to a homebuyer.

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LOANS PAYABLE AND OTHER BORROWINGS - Schedule of Loans Payable and Other Borrowings (Details) - USD ($)		Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Other borrowings, real estate notes payable [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Loans payable and other borrowings	[1]			$ 7,057,000
Unsecured revolving credit facility [Member] | Revolving credit facility [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Loans payable and other borrowings		$ 0		0
Current borrowing capacity		835,000,000	$ 835,000,000
Loans payable and other borrowings total [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Loans payable and other borrowings		$ 11,008,000		$ 7,057,000

[1] Reflects balance of non-recourse notes payable in connection with land purchases

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LOANS PAYABLE AND OTHER BORROWINGS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Repayments of outstanding balance	$ 0	$ 40,000,000		$ 40,000,000
Borrowings		$ 40,000,000	$ 0	$ 40,000,000
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Line of Credit [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Current borrowing capacity	835,000,000		835,000,000		$ 835,000,000
Maximum borrowing capacity	1,300,000,000		1,300,000,000
Minimum tangible net worth	$ 2,800,000,000		$ 2,800,000,000
Leverage ratio	0.60		0.60
Outstanding borrowings under Credit Facility	$ 0		$ 0			$ 0
Total LOCs	40,554,000		40,554,000			$ 54,442,000
Remaining borrowing capacity	$ 794,400,000		$ 794,400,000
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Effective Percentage	6.67%		6.67%
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Interest Rate Determination One
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Variable Rate, Adjustment Spread	0.10%
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Interest Rate Determination One | Minimum [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate, Leverage Benchmark			1.25%
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Interest Rate Determination One | Maximum [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate, Leverage Benchmark			1.75%
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Interest Rate Determination Three
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Variable Rate, Adjustment Spread			0.10%
Basis spread on variable rate			1.00%
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Interest Rate Determination Three | Minimum [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate, Leverage Benchmark			0.25%
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Interest Rate Determination Three | Maximum [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate, Leverage Benchmark			0.75%
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Prime Rate [Member] | Interest Rate Determination Two
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate			0.50%

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SENIOR NOTES, NET - Schedule of Senior Notes, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Extinguishment of Debt, Amount	$ 900	$ 900
Senior Notes [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Net debt issuance costs	(6,757)	(6,757)	$ (8,387)
Senior notes, net	994,412	994,412	1,143,590
Senior Notes [Member] | 6.00% senior notes due 2025 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Senior notes, gross	251,169	251,169	401,977
Senior notes, net	$ 250,000	$ 250,000
Stated interest rate	6.00%	6.00%
Unamortized premium	$ 1,169	$ 1,169	1,977
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	150,000	150,000
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.125% senior notes due 2027 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Senior notes, gross	$ 300,000	$ 300,000	300,000
Stated interest rate	5.125%	5.125%
Senior Notes [Member] | 3.875% senior notes due 2029 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Senior notes, gross	$ 450,000	$ 450,000	$ 450,000
Stated interest rate	3.875%	3.875%

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FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES - Schedule of Fair Value of Fixed-Rate Debt (Details) - Senior Notes [Member] - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
6.00% senior notes due 2025 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate Principal	$ 150,000,000
Fair value of fixed-rate debt
Stated interest rate	6.00%
6.00% senior notes due 2025 [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate Principal	$ 250,000,000	$ 400,000,000
Fair value of fixed-rate debt
Estimated Fair Value	$ 245,625,000	397,520,000
5.125% senior notes due 2027 [Member]
Fair value of fixed-rate debt
Stated interest rate	5.125%
5.125% senior notes due 2027 [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate Principal	$ 300,000,000	300,000,000
Fair value of fixed-rate debt
Estimated Fair Value	$ 283,140,000	283,500,000
3.875% senior notes due 2029 [Member]
Fair value of fixed-rate debt
Stated interest rate	3.875%
3.875% senior notes due 2029 [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate Principal	$ 450,000,000	450,000,000
Fair value of fixed-rate debt
Estimated Fair Value	$ 387,090,000	$ 380,610,000

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EARNINGS PER SHARE - Schedule of Basic and Diluted Earnings per Common Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Common Share
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding	36,603			36,569			36,677	36,736
Effect of dilutive securities:
Unvested restricted stock	475			377			432	400
Diluted average shares outstanding	37,078			36,946			37,109	37,136
Net earnings as reported (in dollars)	$ 221,760	$ 186,836	$ 131,301	$ 262,489	$ 250,084	$ 217,254	$ 539,897	$ 729,827
Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 6.06			$ 7.18			$ 14.72	$ 19.87
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 5.98			$ 7.10			$ 14.55	$ 19.65

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ACQUISITIONS AND GOODWILL - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Business Acquisitions and Goodwill [Abstract]
Goodwill	$ 32,962	$ 32,962

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ACQUISITIONS AND GOODWILL - Summary of Changes in the Carrying Amount of Goodwill (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 32,962
Additions	0
Ending balance	32,962
Operating Segments [Member] | Financial Services [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	0
Additions	0
Ending balance	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | West [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	0
Additions	0
Ending balance	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | Central [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	0
Additions	0
Ending balance	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | East [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	32,962
Additions	0
Ending balance	32,962
Corporate [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	0
Additions	0
Ending balance	$ 0

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - Summary of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance (in shares)			36,571,393				36,571,393
Beginning balance	$ 4,248,295	$ 4,067,210	$ 3,949,611	$ 3,412,469	$ 3,168,315	$ 3,044,389	$ 3,949,611	$ 3,044,389
Net earnings	221,760	186,836	131,301	262,489	250,084	217,254	$ 539,897	729,827
Stock-based compensation expense	6,156	4,176	6,225	6,852	4,070	5,975
Issuance of stock	0		0	0		0
Dividends	(9,841)	(9,927)	(9,927)
Share repurchases	$ (45,328)		(10,000)		(10,000)	(99,303)
Ending balance (in shares)	36,449,906						36,449,906
Ending balance	$ 4,421,042	$ 4,248,295	$ 4,067,210	$ 3,681,810	$ 3,412,469	$ 3,168,315	$ 4,421,042	$ 3,681,810
Common Stock [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance (in shares)	36,765,000	36,765,000	36,571,000	36,567,000	36,695,000	37,341,000	36,571,000	37,341,000
Beginning balance	$ 368	$ 368	$ 366	$ 366	$ 367	$ 373	$ 366	$ 373
Issuance of stock (in shares)	4,000		287,000	4,000		392,000
Issuance of stock			$ 3	$ 0		$ 4
Share repurchases (in shares)	(319,000)		(93,000)		(128,000)	(1,038,000)
Share repurchases	$ (4)		$ (1)		$ (1)	$ (10)
Ending balance (in shares)	36,450,000	36,765,000	36,765,000	36,571,000	36,567,000	36,695,000	36,450,000	36,571,000
Ending balance	$ 364	$ 368	$ 368	$ 366	$ 366	$ 367	$ 364	$ 366
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	328,277	324,101	327,878	315,590	321,519	414,841	327,878	414,841
Stock-based compensation expense	6,156	4,176	6,225	6,852	4,070	5,975
Issuance of stock			(3)	0		(4)
Share repurchases	(45,324)		(9,999)		(9,999)	(99,293)
Ending balance	289,109	328,277	324,101	322,442	315,590	321,519	289,109	322,442
Retained Earnings [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	3,919,650	3,742,741	3,621,367	3,096,513	2,846,429	2,629,175	3,621,367	2,629,175
Net earnings	221,760	186,836	131,301	262,489	250,084	217,254
Ending balance	$ 4,131,569	$ 3,919,650	$ 3,742,741	$ 3,359,002	$ 3,096,513	$ 2,846,429	$ 4,131,569	$ 3,359,002

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STOCK BASED AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION - Narrative (Details) - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	May 31, 2023
Employees [Member] | Non-vested stock awards [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	5 years
Senior executive officers and non-employee directors [Member] | Non-vested stock awards and performance-based awards [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Cliff-vesting period	3 years
Non-Employee Director [Member] | Non-vested stock awards and performance-based awards [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	1 year
Cliff-vesting period	3 years
2018 stock incentive plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares of common stock authorized under stock compensation plan (up to) (in shares)	7,400,000	800,000
Remaining shares available for grant (in shares)	1,340,233

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STOCK BASED AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION - Summary of Compensation Expense and Stock Award Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Summary of compensation expense and stock award activity
Stock-based compensation expense (in dollars)		$ 6,156	$ 6,852	$ 16,557	$ 16,897
Restricted Stock [Member]
Summary of compensation expense and stock award activity
Restricted stock awards vested (includes performance-based awards) (in shares)		4,355	4,418	291,526	396,578
Non-vested shares [Member]
Summary of compensation expense and stock award activity
Non-vested shares granted (in shares)		4,151	13,478	184,563	278,340
Performance-based non-vested shares [Member]
Summary of compensation expense and stock award activity
Non-vested shares granted (in shares)		0	3,322	42,964	43,326
Shares issued as a result of performance achievement exceeding performance targets (in shares)	[1]	0	0	26,167	37,146

[1] Performance-based shares that vested and were issued as a result of performance achievement exceeding the originally established targeted number of shares related to respective performance metrics.

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STOCK BASED AND DEFERRED COMPENSATION - Summary of Additional Information Regarding Stock Plan (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
		Jun. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Summary of stock based compensation agreements
Unrecognized stock-based compensation cost			$ 32,844	$ 29,187
Weighted average years expense recognition period		1 year 11 months 23 days	1 year 11 months 19 days
Total stock-based awards outstanding (in shares)	[1]		703,415	803,769
Payout percentage			100.00%

[1] Includes unvested restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance-based awards (assuming 100% target payout).

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INCOME TAXES - Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Current Taxes:
Federal	$ 52,845	$ 54,114	$ 121,116	$ 177,577
State	11,129	12,888	29,548	39,665
Total	$ 63,974	$ 67,002	$ 150,664	$ 217,242

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INCOME TAXES - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Taxes (Textual) [Abstract]
Effective tax rate	22.40%	20.30%	21.80%	22.90%
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 0		$ 0		$ 0
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets	0		0
Valuation allowance on net operating loss carryforwards	0		0
Income taxes receivable	0		0
Accrued Liabilities [Member]
Income Taxes (Textual) [Abstract]
Income taxes payable	$ 16,100,000		$ 16,100,000

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SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION - Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest, net of interest capitalized	$ (12,900)	$ (16,119)
Income taxes paid	145,020	242,994
Non-cash operating activities:
Real estate acquired through notes payable	6,567	9,861
Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability	$ 36,266	$ 4,011

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OPERATING AND REPORTING SEGMENTS - Narrative (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 operating_segment segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of business segments | segment	2
Number of operating segments | operating_segment	10

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OPERATING AND REPORTING SEGMENTS - Schedule of Segment Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Corporate and unallocated costs		$ (63,091)	$ (48,443)	$ (162,750)	$ (136,370)
Interest expense		0	0	0	(41)
Other income/(expense), net		13,331	(74)	35,037	(849)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt		(907)	0	(907)	0
Earnings before income taxes		285,734	329,491	690,561	947,069
Operating Segments [Member] | Financial Services [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Income		5,700	4,842	6,066	12,255
Operating Segments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue		2,783	8,989	44,547	53,901
Operating Income		288,778	338,073	693,045	962,738
Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | West [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Income		94,885	121,060	185,977	357,319
Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | Central [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Income		84,575	112,141	233,357	287,604
Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | East [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Income		109,318	104,872	273,711	317,815
Corporate and Unallocated [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Corporate and unallocated costs	[1]	(21,168)	(13,350)	(42,680)	(27,034)
Segment Reconciling Items [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Interest expense		0	0	0	(41)
Other income/(expense), net		13,331	(74)	35,037	(849)
Homebuilding
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue		1,613,100	1,578,021	4,459,808	4,277,336
Homebuilding | Operating Segments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	[2]	1,613,100	1,578,021	4,459,808	4,277,336
Homebuilding | Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | West [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	[2]	606,833	598,147	1,569,947	1,580,456
Homebuilding | Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | Central [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	[2]	454,228	500,582	1,338,387	1,280,242
Homebuilding | Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | East [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	[2]	552,039	479,292	1,551,474	1,416,638
Home closings
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue		$ 1,610,317	$ 1,569,032	$ 4,415,261	$ 4,223,435

[1] Balance consists primarily of corporate costs and shared service functions such as finance and treasury that are not allocated to the homebuilding or financial services reporting segments.

[2] Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,2023202220232022Land closing revenue:West$— $8,120 $26,575 $40,927 Central1,541 869 4,019 10,374 East1,242 — 13,953 2,600 Total$2,783 $8,989 $44,547 $53,901 

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OPERATING AND REPORTING SEGMENTS - Schedule of Segment Information, Revenue (Details) - Operating Segments [Member] - Homebuilding Segment - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 2,783	$ 8,989	$ 44,547	$ 53,901
Reportable Subsegments [Member] | West [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	0	8,120	26,575	40,927
Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Central [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	1,541	869	4,019	10,374
Reportable Subsegments [Member] | East [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 1,242	$ 0	$ 13,953	$ 2,600

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OPERATING AND REPORTING SEGMENTS - Schedule of Segment Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023		Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	$ 93,501		$ 76,729
Real estate	4,501,358		4,358,263
Investments in unconsolidated entities	15,062		11,753
Other assets	1,571,949		1,325,356
Total assets	6,181,870		5,772,101
Operating Segments [Member] | Financial Services [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	0		0
Real estate	0		0
Investments in unconsolidated entities	0		0
Other assets	1,320		1,536
Total assets	1,320		1,536
Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | West [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	17,655		21,599
Real estate	1,664,257		1,775,879
Investments in unconsolidated entities	73		110
Other assets	62,498	[1]	99,267	[2]
Total assets	1,744,483		1,896,855
Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | Central [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	12,853		8,992
Real estate	1,231,251		1,298,455
Investments in unconsolidated entities	2,833		2,866
Other assets	259,753	[3]	241,470	[4]
Total assets	1,506,690		1,551,783
Operating Segments [Member] | Reportable Subsegments [Member] | Homebuilding Segment | East [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	62,993		46,138
Real estate	1,605,850		1,283,929
Investments in unconsolidated entities	11,278		7,503
Other assets	104,404	[5]	132,181	[6]
Total assets	1,784,525		1,469,751
Corporate and Unallocated [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Deposits on real estate under option or contract	0		0
Real estate	0		0
Investments in unconsolidated entities	878		1,274
Other assets	1,143,974	[7]	850,902	[8]
Total assets	$ 1,144,852		$ 852,176

[1] Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, other receivables and property and equipment, net.

[2] Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and property and equipment, net.

[3] Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, development reimbursements from local municipalities and prepaids and other assets.

[4] .

[5] Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, goodwill (see Note 9), prepaids and other assets and property and equipment, net.

[6] .

[7] Balance consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, deferred tax assets and prepaids and other assets.

[8] .

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Standard product warranty accrual	$ 39,145	$ 36,215	$ 35,575	$ 31,715	$ 31,437	$ 26,264