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Note 6 - Convertible Debt (PIK Notes)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements  
Convertible Debt [Text Block]
NOTE
6
– CONVERTIBLE DEBT (PIK NOTES)
 
The Company raised
$23
million of financing through the issuance of
two
series of Paid-In-Kind (“PIK”)-Election Convertible Notes in
2013
and
2014,
with key terms highlighted in the table below:
 
Key Terms
 
Series
2023
Notes
 
 
Series A Notes
 
Inception Date
 
08/05/2013
   
11/03/2014
 
Cash Received
 
$10,500,000
   
$12,500,000
 
Principal (Initial Liability)
 
$10,500,000
   
$19,848,486
 
Maturity (Term)
 
10
years, but convertible after
1
year based on the market price of the Company’s stock
   
4
years, but
may
range between
2
years to the full maturity of the Series
2023
Notes, depending on whether a Specified Event occurs and/or an Extension Option is elected (see below for further details)
 
Exercise Price
 
$1.40
at inception, adjusted downward based on anti-dilution provisions/down-round protection
   
$0.92
at inception, adjusted downward based on anti-dilution provisions/down-round protection; also
may
be reduced by
$0.10
based if Extension Option is elected (see below)
 
Stated Interest
 
10%
per annum, due semiannually
   
10%
per annum, due semiannually,
may
be reduced to
1%
if Specified Event (see below) occurs
 
Derivative Liability
 
$2,055,000
established at inception due to existence of anti-dilution provisions; revalued every quarter using Monte Carlo model
   
$9,212,285
established at inception due to existence of anti-dilution provisions; revalued every quarter using Monte Carlo model
 
 
 
As of
March
31,
2017,
the liability components of the PIK Notes on the Company’s balance sheet are listed in the following table:
 
 
 
Series 2023 Notes
 
 
Series A Notes
 
 
Total
 
PIK Note Payable, Gross
  $
14,774,562
    $
24,182,215
    $
38,956,777
 
Less: Discount
   
(1,683,046
)
   
(12,415,839
)
   
(14,098,885
)
Less: Deferred Financing Cost
   
(4,373
)
   
(7,502
)
   
(11,875
)
PIK Note Payable, Net
  $
13,087,143
    $
11,758,874
    $
24,846,017
 
                         
PIK Note Derivative Liability
  $
92,341
    $
1,191,134
    $
1,283,475
 
 
As of
December
31,
2016,
the liability components of the PIK Notes on the Company’s balance sheet are listed in the following table:
 
 
 
Series 2023 Notes
 
 
Series A Notes
 
 
Total
 
PIK Note Payable, Gross
  $
14,071,008
    $
24,125,958
    $
38,196,966
 
Less: Discount
   
(1,721,898
)
   
(13,421,225
)
   
(15,143,123
)
Less: Deferred Financing Cost
   
(5,064
)
   
(8,686
)
   
(13,750
)
PIK Note Payable, Net
  $
12,344,046
    $
10,696,047
    $
23,040,093
 
                         
PIK Note Derivative Liability
  $
142,909
    $
2,033,643
    $
2,176,552
 
 
Series A Notes
On
November
3,
2014
(“Issue Date”), the Company issued, in a private placement pursuant to investment agreements,
$19,848,486
principal amount of
10%
PIK-Election Convertible Notes due
2018
("Series A Notes") in exchange for
$12,500,000
in cash and the cancellation of previously-issued warrants held by
one
investor.
 
Below are key terms of the Series A Notes:
 
 
Maturity
-
November
3,
2018,
provided that the Stated Maturity Date
may
be extended to
November
3,
2019
at the option of the Company (the “Extension Option”) if (i) the Company has delivered written notice of its exercise of the Extension Option to the Holder not more than
ninety
(90)
nor less than
thirty
(30)
days prior to
November
3,
2018
and (ii) the Company has delivered a certificate, dated as of
November
3,
2018,
certifying that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing; provided, further that the Stated Maturity Date shall be extended to the maturity date of the Series
2023
Notes or any Replacement Financing, as applicable, upon the occurrence of a Specified Event (“Specified Extension”).
 
Exercise Price
- initially
$0.92
per share (adjusted down to
$0.83
per share after the Company’s capital raise closed on
June
27,
2016)
 and will be (i) adjusted from time to time pursuant anti-dilution provisions and (ii) reduced by
$0.10
per share if the Company elects to exercise its Extension Option.
 
Stated Interest
:
10%
payable semiannually in arrears,
provided
that the interest rate shall be reduced to
1%
per annum on the principal amount of the Note upon the occurrence of the Specified Event, as defined below.
 
Specified Event
- means the event that
may
occur after the
second
anniversary
of the Issuer Date if: (i) any amounts under the Series
2023
Notes or any Replacement Financing are outstanding, (ii) the VWAP for the preceding
30
consecutive Trading Days as determined by the Board of Directors of the Issuer in good faith is in excess of the Exercise Price, (iii) the closing Market Price of the Common Stock is in excess of the Exercise Price on the date immediately preceding the date on which the Specified Event occurs, (iv) no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and (v) the Issuer has delivered a certificate to each holder of Series A Notes certifying that the conditions set forth in clauses (i) through (iv) above have been met.
 
 
 
Extension Option
- If stock price is lower than current exercise price
($0.92)
prior to the stated maturity
(November
3,
2018),
then the Company can elect an Extension Option, whereby the maturity is extended by
one
year (see Maturity definition), but with a reduction in exercise price by
$0.10.
 
Liquidated Damages
- The company is required to pay the noteholders
1%
of the principal amount of the Series A Notes if a Registration statement is not filed and effective within
90
days of the inception date (and further damages for every
30
days thereafter). The registration statement became effective on
July
8,
2015.
Liquidation damages of
$541,011
and
$200,000
have been charged to Other Expenses during 
2015
and
2014,
respectively, due to the delay of the effective date of the registration statement. During the
second
quarter of
2015,
the Company issued
1,015,086
shares, valued at
$741,011,
to Series A note holders as payment of liquidated damages.
 
The number of shares issuable under the Notes
may
be affected by the anti-dilution provisions of the Notes. The antidilition provisions adjust the Exercise Price of the Notes in the event of stock dividends and splits, issuance below the market price of the Common Stock, issuances below the conversion price of the Notes, pro rata distribution of assets, rights plans,
tender
offers, and exchange offers.
 
These Series A Notes were not issued with the intent of effectively hedging any future cash flow, fair value of any asset, liability or any net investment in a foreign operation. In addition to the customary anti-dilution provisions the notes contain a down-round provision whereby the conversion price would be adjusted downward in the event that additional shares of the Company’s common stock or securities exercisable, convertible or exchangeable for the Company’s common stock were issued for cash consideration (e.g. a capital raise) at a price less than the conversion price. Therefore, the estimated fair value of the conversion feature of
$9,212,285
(based on observable inputs using a Monte Carlo model) was bifurcated from the Series A Notes and accounted for as a separate derivative liability, which resulted in a corresponding amount of debt discount on the Series A Notes. In addition, an additional debt discount of
$7,348,486
was recorded as a result of the difference between the
$12,500,000
of cash received and the
$19,848,486
of principal on the Series A Notes. This combined debt discount of
$16,560,771
is being amortized using the effective interest method over the
4
-year term of the Notes as Interest Expense, while the PIK Note Derivative is carried at fair value (using a Monte Carlo model) until the Notes are converted or otherwise extinguished. Any changes in fair value are recognized in earnings.
 
At
March
31,
2017,
the fair value of the Series A PIK Note Derivative was estimated to be
$1,191,134,
which includes the value of the additional PIK Notes issued for the semi-annual interest payments due. The change in the fair value of the derivative represents a decrease in valuation of
$8,021,151
from the
November
3,
2014
inception date.
 
Series
2023
Notes
In
August
2013,
the Company received
$10,500,000
of financing through the private placement of
10%
mandatory convertible Notes due
2023
("Series
2023
Notes"). The principal amount of the Notes is due on maturity. The Company can elect to pay semi-annual interest on the Series
2023
Notes with additional PIK Notes containing the same terms as the Series
2023
Notes, except interest will accrue from issuance of such notes. The Company can also elect to pay interest in cash.
 
The Series
2023
Notes convert into the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of
$1.40
per share, which is subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments; these anti-dilution adjustments reduced the conversion price to
$1.36
after the issuance of the Series A Notes and then adjusted further down to
$1.28
after the Company’s capital raise closed on
June
27,
2016.
As of issuance, principal amount of the Series
2023
Notes were convertible into
7,500,000
shares of the common stock and into
7,720,588
shares after the issuance of the Series A Notes and into
8,203,125
shares of common stock after the private placement in
June
2016..
The holders
may
convert the Series
2023
Notes at any time. The Series
2023
Notes are mandatorily convertible after
one
year when the weighted average trading price of a share of the common stock for the preceding
ten
trading days is in excess of the conversion price. The Series
2023
Notes contain customary representations and warranties and several covenants. The proceeds are being used for general corporate purposes. No broker was used and no commission was paid in connection with the sale of the Series
2023
Notes. As of
March
31,
2017,
the Company was in compliance with the covenants.
 
These Series
2023
Notes were not issued with the intent of effectively hedging any future cash flow, fair value of any asset, liability or any net investment in a foreign operation. In addition to the customary anti-dilution provisions the notes contain a down-round provision whereby the conversion price would be adjusted downward in the event that additional shares of the Company’s common stock or securities exercisable, convertible or exchangeable for the Company’s common stock were issued for cash consideration (e.g. a capital raise) at a price less than the conversion price. Therefore, the estimated fair value of the conversion feature of
$2,055,000
(based on observable inputs using a Monte Carlo model) was bifurcated from the Series
2023
Notes and accounted for as a separate derivative liability, which resulted in a corresponding amount of debt discount on the Series
2023
Notes. The debt discount is being amortized using the effective interest method over the
10
-year term of the Series
2023
Notes as Interest Expense, while the PIK Note Derivative is carried at fair value (using a Monte Carlo model) until the Series
2023
Notes are converted or otherwise extinguished. Any changes in fair value are recognized in earnings.
 
At
March
31,
2017,
the fair value of the PIK Note Derivative was estimated to be
$92,341,
which includes the value of the additional PIK Notes issued for the semi-annual interest payments due. The change in the fair value of the derivative represents a decrease in valuation of
$1,962,659
from the
August
2,
2013
inception date.