e485apos
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON FEBRUARY 25, 2009
REGISTRATION NOS. 33-21677;
811-5547
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Pre-Effective Amendment No. o
Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 þ
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
Amendment No. 69 þ
LAUDUS TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
101 Montgomery Street
San Francisco, CA 94104
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip code)
800.648.5300
(Registrants Telephone Number, including Area Code)
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Name and Address of Agent for Service: |
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Copies to: |
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KOJI E. FELTON
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TIMOTHY W. LEVIN, ESQ. |
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
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Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP |
101 Montgomery Street
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1701 Market Street |
San Francisco, CA 94104
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Philadelphia, PA 19103 |
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: Continuous.
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
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Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) |
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On (date) pursuant to paragraph (b) |
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60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
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On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
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75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) |
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On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485 |
Prospectus
, 2009
(LAUDUS FUNDS LOGO)
COMMAND
PERFORMANCETM
Laudus Growth
Investors U.S. Large Cap Growth Fund
Adviser
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
Subadviser
UBS Global Asset Management (Americas) Inc.
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved of the shares described in
this prospectus or determined whether this prospectus is accurate or complete. Any representation
to the contrary is a crime.
Please see the inside back cover of this prospectus for important privacy policy information.
The information in this Prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these
securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is
effective. This Prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer
to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Shareholder Services
1.800.447.3332 Retail Investors
1.866.452.8387 Registered Investment Professionals
www.laudus.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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2
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE, PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
AND SUMMARY OF PRINCIPAL RISKS
The following is a description of the investment objective and principal investment strategies of
the Laudus Growth Investors U.S. Large Cap Growth Fund (the Fund). The Fund is a series of the
Laudus Trust (the Trust), an open-end management investment company offering multiple series with
different investment objectives and strategies. Except as explicitly described otherwise, the
investment objective and policies of the Fund may be changed without shareholder approval. The Fund
is advised by Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM or the Adviser). UBS Global
Asset Management (Americas) Inc. (UBS Global AM or the Subadviser) acts as subadviser to the
Fund.
This section also contains the principal risks of the Fund. Please be sure to read this additional
information BEFORE you invest.
3
LAUDUS GROWTH INVESTORS U.S. LARGE CAP GROWTH FUND
Ticker Symbol:
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks long-term capital appreciation.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus borrowings for
investment purposes, if any) in equity securities of U.S. large capitalization companies. The Fund
defines large capitalization companies as those with a market capitalization of at least $3
billion. In addition, up to 20% of the Funds net assets may be invested in foreign equity
securities. Investments in equity securities include common stock and preferred stock. The Fund
may, but is not required to, use derivative instruments (Derivatives) for risk management
purposes or as part of the Funds investment strategies. Generally, Derivatives are financial
contracts whose value depends upon, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference
rate, or index, and may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange
rates, and related indexes. The principal types of Derivatives used by the Fund include options,
futures and forward currency agreements. The Fund may use Derivatives to earn income and enhance
returns, to manage or adjust the risk profile of the Fund, to replace more traditional direct
investments, or to obtain exposure to certain markets. The Fund will notify shareholders at least
60 days prior to any change in its policy of investing at least 80% of its net assets (plus
borrowings for investment purposes, if any) in equity securities of U.S. large capitalization
companies.
The Fund will invest in companies within its capitalization range as described above. However, the
Fund may invest a portion of its assets in securities outside of this range. Further, if movement
in the market price causes a security to change from one capitalization range to another, the Fund
is not required to dispose of the security.
The Fund may engage in active and frequent trading of the securities in its portfolio (e.g.,
greater than 100% turnover), which would increase transaction costs incurred by the Fund. In
addition, when the Fund engages in active and frequent trading, a larger portion of the distributions
investors receive from the Fund may reflect short-term capital gains which are taxed like ordinary
income, rather than long-term capital gain distributions.
For temporary defensive purposes during unusual economic or market conditions or for liquidity
purposes, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash, money market instruments,
repurchase agreements and other short-term obligations. When the Fund engages in such activities,
it may not achieve its investment objective.
Securities selection
The objective of the UBS US Large Cap Growth strategy is to invest in companies that possess a
dominant market position and franchise, a major technological edge, or a unique competitive
advantage. We believe this superiority enables them to generate high returns on above average sales
and profit growth. The goal is to own companies where either the duration or the magnitude of
future growth prospects are underappreciated by the market.
Principal Risks
Market risk. Stock markets rise and fall daily. As with any investment whose performance is tied to
these markets, the value of your investment in the Fund will fluctuate, which means that you could
lose money.
Equity risk. The prices of equity securities rise and fall daily. These price movements may result
from factors affecting individual companies, industries or the securities market as a whole.
Individual companies may report poor results or be negatively affected by industry and/or economic
trends and developments. The prices of securities issued by such companies may suffer a decline in
response. In addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may cause stock prices to
fall over short or extended periods of time. Due to their fixed income features, preferred stocks
provide higher income potential than issuers common stocks, but typically are more sensitive to
interest rate changes than the underlying common stock. The rights of common stockholders are
generally subordinate to the rights associated with an issuers preferred stocks and the rights of
preferred stockholders are generally subordinate to the rights associated with an issuers debt
securities on the distribution of an issuers assets in the event of a liquidation.
4
Large-cap risk. Many of the risks of the Fund are associated with its investment in the large-cap
segments of the U.S. stock market. Large-cap stocks tend to go in and out of favor based on market
and economic conditions. During a period when large-cap U.S. stocks fall behind other types of
investmentsmid-or small-cap stocks, for instancethe Funds performance also may lag these
investments.
Growth investing risk. Growth stocks can be volatile for several reasons. Since growth
companies usually invest a high portion of earnings in their businesses, they may lack the
dividends of value stocks that can cushion stock prices in a falling market. The prices of growth
stocks are based largely on projections of the issuers future earnings and revenues. If a
companys earnings or revenues fall short of expectations, its stock price may fall dramatically.
Growth stocks may also be more expensive relative to their earnings or assets compared to value or
other stocks.
Foreign investing risk. The Funds investments in securities of foreign issuers involve certain
risks that are greater than those associated with investments in securities of U.S. issuers. These
include risks of adverse changes in foreign economic, political, regulatory and other conditions,
or changes in currency exchange rates or exchange control regulations (including limitations on
currency movements and exchanges). In certain countries, legal remedies available to investors may
be more limited than those available with respect to investments in the United States. The
securities of some foreign companies may be less liquid and, at times, more volatile than
securities of comparable U.S. companies. The Fund may also experience more rapid or extreme
changes in value as compared to a fund that invests solely in securities of U.S. companies because
the securities markets of many foreign countries are relatively small, with a limited number of
companies representing a small number of industries. There also is the risk that the cost of
buying, selling, and holding foreign securities, including brokerage, tax, and custody costs, may
be higher than those involved in domestic transactions.
Currency Risk. As a result of the Funds investments in securities denominated in, and/or
receiving revenues in, foreign currencies, the Fund will be subject to currency risk. This is the
risk that those currencies will decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar, or, in the case of
hedging positions, that the U.S. dollar will decline in value relative to the currency hedged. In
either event, the dollar value of an investment in the Fund would be adversely affected.
Currencies in non-U.S. countries may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time for a
number of reasons, including changes in interest rates, intervention by U.S. or foreign
governments, central banks or supranational agencies, such as the International Monetary Fund, or
by the imposition of currency controls or other political developments in the United States or
abroad.
Derivatives risk. The Fund may, but is not required to, use Derivatives for risk management
purposes or as part of the Funds investment strategies. A future is an agreement to buy or sell a
financial instrument at a specific price on a specific day. An option is the right to buy or sell
an instrument at a specific price before a specific date. A forward currency agreement involves an
obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number
of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the
contract. The Funds use of Derivatives involves risks different from or possibly greater than the
risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. Certain
of these risks, such as leverage risk, market risk and management risk, are discussed elsewhere in
this section. The Funds use of Derivatives is also subject to credit risk, liquidity risk, lack
of availability risk, valuation risk, correlation risk and tax risk. Credit risk is the risk that
the counterparty to a Derivative may not fulfill its contractual obligations. Liquidity risk is
the risk that the Fund may not be able to purchase or liquidate a particular Derivative at an
advantageous time or place. Lack of availability risk is the risk that suitable Derivatives may
not be available in all circumstances for risk management or other purposes. Valuation risk is the
risk that a particular Derivative may be valued incorrectly. Correlation risk is the risk that
changes in the value of the Derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate
or index. Tax risk is the risk that the use of Derivatives may cause the Fund to realize higher
amounts of short-term capital gain. These risks could cause the Fund to lose more than the
principal amount invested.
Leverage Risk. The Funds transactions in Derivatives may give rise to a form of leverage and may
expose the Fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect of any decrease or increase
in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to
liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so in order to satisfy its
obligations.
Management risk. The Subadviser makes investment decisions for the
Fund using a strategy based largely on historical information. There is no guarantee that a
strategy based on historical information will produce the desired results in the future. In
addition, if market dynamics change, the effectiveness of this strategy may be limited. Either of
these risks may cause the Fund to underperform its benchmark or other funds with a similar
investment objective.
5
Performance Information
The Funds* past performance (whether before or after taxes) is not necessarily indicative of its
future performance.
*The performance data provided below is that of the Funds predecessor fund, UBS U.S. Large Cap
Growth Fund (the UBS Fund). The UBS Fund was sponsored and managed by UBS Global AM. On ,
2009, the Fund commenced operations as a member of Laudus Trust by acquiring all assets and
liabilities of the UBS Fund in a tax-free reorganization. The Fund has investment objectives,
strategies, and policies substantially similar to those of the UBS Fund, which was advised by UBS
Global AM. UBS Global AM serves as Subadviser to the Fund.
Yearly Performance (%)Class Y Shares
This chart provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the
UBS Funds performance from year to year for the past ten calendar years.
Yearly Performance
(BAR CHART)
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Annual Return (%) |
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32.73 |
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-16.10 |
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-22.75 |
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-28.61 |
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29.71 |
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11.98 |
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14.36 |
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5.50 |
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18.25 |
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-37.74 |
% |
Calendar Year |
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1999 |
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2000 |
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2001 |
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2002 |
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2003 |
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2004 |
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2005 |
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2006 |
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2007 |
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2008 |
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During all periods shown in the bar chart, the UBS Fund Class Y Shares highest quarterly return was 20.01%, for
the quarter ended December 31, 1999, and its lowest quarterly return was -22.54, for the quarter
ended December 31, 2008.
Performance Table
This table shows how the UBS Funds performance compares with the returns of a broad-based
securities market index.
Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ending December 31, 2008)
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One |
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Five |
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Ten |
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Since |
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Year |
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Years |
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Years |
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Inception* |
UBS FUND CLASS Y SHARES |
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Return Before Taxes |
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-37.74 |
% |
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-0.11 |
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-2.30 |
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-0.14 |
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Return After Taxes** on Distributions |
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-37.74 |
% |
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-0.14 |
% |
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-2.90 |
% |
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-0.79 |
% |
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Return After Taxes** on Distributions and Sale of Fund
Shares |
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-24.53 |
% |
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-0.08 |
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-2.06 |
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-0.27 |
% |
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Russell 1000(R) Growth Index*** |
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-38.44 |
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-3.42 |
% |
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-4.27 |
% |
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-1.06 |
% |
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* |
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Since inception returns are from October 14, 1997the inception date
of the UBS Fund Class Y Sharesthrough December 31, 2008. |
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** |
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After-tax returns are estimates based on the highest historical
individual federal marginal income tax rates, and do not reflect the
impact of state and local taxes; an investors actual after-tax
returns will depend on his or her tax situation and are likely to
differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to
investors who hold Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements such
as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. |
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*** |
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Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes. The Russell 1000
Growth Index measures the performance of those Russell 1000 companies
with higher price-to-book ratios and higher forecasted growth values. |
6
FEES AND EXPENSES
The following table describes what you could expect to pay as a Fund investor. Shareholder Fees
are charged to you directly by the Fund. Annual Operating Expenses are paid out of Fund assets,
so their effect is included in the total return for the Fund.
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Fee Table% |
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Shareholder Fees (paid directly from your investment): |
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Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases |
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N/A |
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Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) |
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N/A |
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Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends |
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N/A |
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Redemption Fee (charged only to shares redeemed or exchanged within 30 days of purchase a) |
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2.00 |
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Exchange Fee |
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N/A |
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Annual Operating Expenses (deducted from Fund assets) b |
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Management Fees |
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0.70 |
% |
Distribution and Shareholder Service (12b-1) Fees |
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None |
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Other Expenses |
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0.26 |
% |
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Total Annual Operating Expenses |
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0.96 |
% |
Less Expense Reduction c |
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(0.18 |
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Net Operating Expenses |
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0.78 |
% |
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Example
The Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of
investing in other funds. It assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods
indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. It also assumes that your
investment has a 5% return each year, that the Funds operating expenses stay the same and that all
dividends and distributions are reinvested. The one-year figure is based on net operating
expenses. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
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1 Year |
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3 Years |
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5 Years |
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10 Years |
$80 |
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$ |
269 |
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$ |
495 |
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$ |
1,144 |
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a |
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The Trust reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to waive this
fee when, in its judgment, such waiver would be in the best interests
of the Trust or the Fund. See Redeeming Shares. The Fund charges no
other redemption fees. |
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b |
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The information in the table has been restated to reflect fees and
estimated expenses for the Funds first full fiscal year, rather than
to reflect prior expenses applicable to the UBS Fund. |
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c |
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Pursuant to the Advisers contractual undertaking (the Expense
Limitation Agreement) to waive its management fee and bear certain
expenses for the Fund when the operating expenses reach 0.78%
(exclusive of nonrecurring account fees, fees on securities
transactions such as exchange fees, dividends and interest on
securities sold short, service fees, interest, taxes, brokerage
commissions, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles, and other extraordinary
expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Funds business).
The Expense Limitation Agreement will be in place for at least two
years from the date of the Funds commencement of operations. The
Adviser may, but is not required to, extend the Expense Limitation
Agreement for additional years. Any amounts waived or reimbursed in a
particular fiscal year will be subject to reimbursement by the Fund to
the Adviser during the next two fiscal years to the extent that the
repayment will not cause the Funds net operating expenses to exceed
the then current limit (as stated in the Expense Limitation Agreement)
during the respective year. |
7
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
The Trusts Board of Trustees oversees the general conduct of the Trust and the Fund.
CSIM serves as the Funds investment adviser and UBS Global AM serves as subadviser to the Fund.
In its capacity as subadviser, UBS Global AM provides day-to-day portfolio management services to
the Fund, while, as adviser, CSIM supervises UBS Global AM and assumes other functions, including
managing the Funds other affairs and business, subject to the supervision of the Board of
Trustees.
The Fund pays CSIM an advisory fee for these services on a monthly basis. The fee paid is based on
a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets. CSIMand not the Fundpays a portion of the
advisory fees it receives to UBS Global AM in return for its services.
The following table shows the advisory fees, as a percentage of the Funds average daily net
assets, payable to CSIM by the Fund:
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First $500 million |
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0.70 |
% |
$500 million to $1 billion |
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0.65 |
% |
$1 to $1.5 billion |
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0.60 |
% |
$1.5 to $2 billion |
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0.575 |
% |
Above $2 billion |
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0.55 |
% |
As described in the Annual Operating Expenses table in the section entitled Fees and Expenses,
CSIM has entered into an Expense Limitation Agreement to waive its management fees and bear certain
expenses for at least two years from the date of the Funds commencement of operations, to limit
the total annual operating expenses of the Fund. Under that agreement, any amounts waived or
reimbursed in a particular fiscal year will be subject to reimbursement by the Fund to CSIM during
the next two fiscal years to the extent that repayment will not cause the Funds expenses to exceed
the then current limit (as stated in the Expense Limitation Agreement) during the respective year.
INVESTMENT ADVISER AND SUBADVISER
CSIMs address is 101 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, CA 94104. Founded in 1989, CSIM today
serves as investment adviser for all of the Schwab Funds and Laudus Funds. As of ,
2009, CSIM managed mutual funds and approximately $ billion in assets.
UBS Global AMs address is One North Wacker Drive, Chicago, IL 60606. UBS Global AM is an
investment management firm managing approximately $ billion, as of , 2009, primarily
for institutional pension and profit sharing funds. UBS Global AM is an indirect wholly owned
subsidiary of UBS AG and a member of the UBS Global Asset Management Division, which had
approximately $ billion in assets under management as of , 2009.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Boards approval of the Funds investment advisory and
sub-advisory agreements will be available in the Funds annual and/or semiannual reports.
PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
Lawrence G. Kemp and Phil Ruvinsky are co-portfolio managers for the Fund. Mr. Kemp, as lead
portfolio manager and coordinator for management of the Fund, has responsibility for managing the
portfolio and reviewing the overall composition of the portfolio to ensure its compliance with its
stated investment objective and strategies. Mr. Kemp is Head of the U.S. Large Cap Growth Equity
portfolio construction team at UBS Global AM. Mr. Kemp is also a Managing Director of UBS Global
AM and has been an investment professional with the firm since 1992. As a co-portfolio manager,
Mr. Ruvinsky has responsibility for managing the portfolio, as well as issue selection in the
biotech, medical device and Internet sectors. Mr. Ruvinsky is a Senior Investment Analyst at UBS
Global AM and has been an investment professional with the firm since 2003.
8
The Statement of Additional Information (the SAI) provides additional information about portfolio
manager compensation, other accounts managed, and ownership of securities of the Fund.
DISTRIBUTOR
Shares of the Fund are offered on a continuous basis through the Trusts principal underwriter,
ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the Distributor). The Distributors principal offices are located at
1625 Broadway, Suite 2200, Denver, Colorado 80202.
The Trustees have authorized the Trust to reimburse, out of the assets of the Fund, Intermediaries
that provide sub-accounting and sub-transfer agency services an amount up to 0.10% of the average
daily net assets of the Fund on an annual basis.
9
INVESTMENT MINIMUMS
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Minimum Initial Investment* |
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Subsequent Investment* |
$100
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None |
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* |
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Certain exceptions apply. See below. |
Please note that Intermediaries (as defined below) may impose additional or different conditions
than the Fund on purchases, redemptions or exchanges of Fund shares, including different initial,
subsequent and maintenance investment requirements.
Shares may be purchased by institutions, certain individual retirement accounts and individuals. In
order to be eligible to purchase Fund shares, an investor must make an initial investment of at
least $100. In its sole discretion, CSIM may waive this minimum investment requirement. CSIM may
waive this investment minimum for 401(a), 401(k), 457 and 403(b) benefit plans, and for accounts
held through certain intermediaries, including those who have made arrangements with the Fund to
offer shares to their clients as part of various asset allocation programs. The minimum may also
be waived for certain other investors, including directors, officers and employees of Charles
Schwab and UBS.
GENERAL
Shares of the Fund may be sold to corporations or other institutions such as trusts, foundations,
broker-dealers or other intermediaries purchasing for the accounts of others (collectively,
Intermediaries). Investors purchasing and redeeming shares of the Fund through an Intermediary
may be charged a transaction-based fee or other fee for the services provided by the Intermediary.
Each such Intermediary is responsible for transmitting to its customers a schedule of any such fees
and information regarding any additional or different conditions with respect to purchases and
redemptions of Fund shares. Customers of Intermediaries should read this Prospectus in light of the
terms governing accounts with their particular organization.
CSIM may pay certain Intermediaries (as defined below) for performing shareholder, recordkeeping,
administrative, transfer agency or other services for their customers. In addition, CSIM may pay
certain Intermediaries for providing distribution, marketing or promotional services. The payments
described by this paragraph are not paid by the Fund or its shareholders and may be substantial.
10
PURCHASING SHARES
The offering price for shares of the Fund is the net asset value per share next determined after
receipt of a purchase order. See How the Trust Prices Shares of the Fund.
If you place an order through an Intermediary, please consult with that Intermediary to determine
when your order will be executed. You receive either the share price next calculated after your
Intermediary has received your order, if the Intermediary has such an arrangement with the Fund, or
the share price next calculated after the Fund receives your order from your Intermediary. Some
Intermediaries may require your orders prior to a specified cut-off time. Investors may be charged
an additional fee by their Intermediary if they effect transactions through such persons.
If you deal directly with an Intermediary, you will have to follow the Intermediarys procedures
for transacting with the Fund. For more information about how to purchase, sell, convert or
exchange Fund shares through your Intermediary, you should contact your Intermediary directly.
INITIAL INVESTMENTS BY WIRE
Subject to acceptance by the Trust, shares of the Fund may be purchased by wiring federal funds.
Please first contact the Trust at 1-800-447-3332 for complete wiring instructions. Notification
must be given to the Trust at 1-800-447-3332 prior to the close of the New York Stock Exchange
(NYSE) (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on the wire date. Federal funds purchases will be
accepted only on a day on which the Trust, the Distributor and the Custodian are all open for
business. A completed Account Application must be faxed to the Trust on the day the wire is sent
and must also be overnighted to the Trust at Laudus Trust, c/o Boston Financial Data Services,
Inc., P.O. Box 8032, Boston, Massachusetts 02266. Please call 1-800-447-3332 for details. Please
note the minimum initial investment requirements as set forth above under Investment Minimums.
In its sole discretion, CSIM may waive the minimum initial investment requirements.
INITIAL INVESTMENTS BY MAIL
Subject to acceptance by the Trust, an account may be opened by completing and signing an Account
Application and mailing it, along with a check for the purchase amount, to Laudus Trust, P.O. Box
8032, Boston, Massachusetts 02266.
The name of the Fund should be specified on the Account Application. In all cases, subject to
acceptance by the Trust, payment for the purchase of shares received by mail will be credited to a
shareholders account at the net asset value per share of the Fund next determined after receipt,
even though the check may not yet have been converted into federal funds. Please note the minimum
initial investment requirements as set forth above under Investment Minimums. In its sole
discretion, CSIM may waive the minimum initial investment requirements.
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENTS
Additional cash investments may be made at any time by mailing a check to the Trust at the address
noted under Initial Investments by Mail (payable to Laudus Trust) or by wiring federal funds as
noted under Initial Investments by Wire. Notification must be given at
1-800-447-3332 or to the
appropriate Intermediary prior to the close of the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on the
wire date.
CUSTOMER IDENTIFICATION AND VERIFICATION AND ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING PROGRAM
Federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify, and record information that
identifies each person who opens an account. Accounts for the Fund are generally opened through
other financial institutions or Intermediaries. When you open your account through your financial
institution or Intermediary, you will have to provide your name, address, date of birth,
identification number and other information that will allow the financial institution or
Intermediary to identify you. This information is subject to verification by the financial
institution or Intermediary to ensure the identity of all persons opening an account.
Your financial institution or Intermediary is required by law to reject your new account
application if the required identifying information is not provided. Your financial institution or
Intermediary may contact you in an attempt to collect any missing information required on the
application, and your application may be rejected if they are unable to obtain this information. In
certain
11
instances, your financial institution or Intermediary is required to collect documents, which will
be used solely to establish and verify your identity.
The Fund will accept investments and your order will be processed at the NAV next determined after
receipt of your application in proper form (or upon receipt of all identifying information required
on the application). The Fund, however, reserves the right to close and/or liquidate your account
at the then-current days price if the financial institution or Intermediary through which you open
your account is unable to verify your identity. As a result, you may be subject to a gain or loss
on Fund shares and will be subject to corresponding tax consequences.
Customer identification and verification is part of the Funds overall obligation to deter money
laundering under Federal law. The Fund has adopted an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Program
designed to prevent the Fund from being used for money laundering or the financing of terrorist
activities. In this regard, the Fund reserves the right to (i) refuse, cancel or rescind any
purchase or exchange order, (ii) freeze any account and/or suspend account services or (iii)
involuntarily close your account in cases of threatening conduct or suspected fraudulent or illegal
activity. These actions will be taken when, in the sole discretion of Fund management, they are
deemed to be in the best interest of the Fund or in cases when the Fund is requested or compelled
to do so by governmental or law enforcement authority. If your account is closed at the request of
governmental or law enforcement authority, you may not receive proceeds of the redemption if the
Fund is required to withhold such proceeds.
FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS OF FUND SHARES
The Fund is intended for long-term investment and not for short-term or excessive trading
(collectively market timing). Market timing may adversely impact the Funds performance by
disrupting the efficient management of the Fund, increasing Fund transaction costs and taxes,
causing the Fund to maintain higher cash balances, and diluting the value of the Funds shares.
In order to discourage market timing, the Funds Board of Trustees has adopted policies and
procedures that are reasonably designed to reduce the risk of market timing by Fund shareholders.
The Fund seeks to deter market timing through several methods. These methods may include: fair
value pricing, imposition of redemption fees and trade activity monitoring. Fair value pricing and
redemption fees are discussed more thoroughly in the subsequent pages of this prospectus and are
considered to be key elements of the Funds policy regarding short-term or excessive trading. Trade
activity monitoring is risk based and seeks to identify patterns of activity in amounts that might
be detrimental to the Fund.
Although these methods are designed to discourage market timing, there can be no guarantee that the
Fund will be able to identify and restrict investors that engage in such activities. In addition,
some of these methods are inherently subjective and involve judgment in their application. The Fund
and its service providers seek to make these judgments and applications uniformly and in a manner
that they believe is consistent with interests of the Funds long-term shareholders. The Fund may
amend these policies and procedures in response to changing regulatory requirements or to enhance
the effectiveness of the program.
The Fund or its service providers maintain risk-based surveillance procedures designed to detect
market timing in fund shares in amounts that might be detrimental to the Fund. Under these
procedures, the Fund has requested that service providers to the Fund monitor transactional
activity in amounts and frequency determined by the Fund to be significant to the Fund and in a
pattern of activity that potentially could be detrimental to the Fund. If the Fund, in its sole
discretion based on these or other factors, determines that a shareholder has engaged in market
timing, it may refuse to process future purchases or exchanges into the Fund by that shareholder.
These procedures may be modified from time to time as appropriate to improve the detection of
market timing and to comply with applicable laws.
If trades are effected through a financial intermediary, the Fund or its service providers will
work with the intermediary to monitor possible market timing activity. The Fund reserves the right
to contact the intermediary to provide certain shareholder transaction information and may require
the intermediary to restrict the shareholder from future purchases or exchanges in the Fund.
Transactions by Fund shareholders investing through intermediaries may also be subject to the
restrictions of the intermediarys own frequent trading policies, which may differ from those of
the Fund. The Fund may defer to an intermediarys frequent trading policies with respect to those
shareholders who invest in the Fund through such intermediary. The Fund will defer to an
intermediarys policies only after the Fund determines that the intermediarys frequent trading
policies are reasonably designed to deter transactional activity in amounts and frequency that are
deemed to be significant to the Fund and in a pattern of activity that potentially could be
detrimental to the Fund. Shareholders should consult with the intermediary to determine if
additional frequent trading restrictions apply to their Fund transactions.
The Fund reserves the right to restrict, reject or cancel, as permitted or required by law, within
a reasonable time, without prior notice, any purchase or exchange order for any reason.
12
OTHER PURCHASE INFORMATION
An eligible shareholder may also participate in the Laudus Funds Automatic Investment Program, an
investment plan that automatically debits money from the shareholders bank account or an account
at a broker or other Intermediary and invests it in the Fund through the use of electronic funds
transfers. Investors may commence their participation in this program by making a minimum initial
investment that satisfies the minimum investment amount for the Fund and may elect to make
subsequent investments by transfers of a minimum of $50 into their established Fund account.
Intermediaries may establish different minimum subsequent transaction amounts. You should contact
the Trust or your Intermediary for more information about the Laudus Funds Automatic Investment
Program.
For purposes of calculating the purchase price of Fund shares, a purchase order is received by the
Trust on the day that it is in good order unless it is rejected by the Transfer Agent. For a cash
purchase order of Fund shares to be in good order on a particular day, a check or money wire must
be received on or before the close of the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on that day. If
the payment is received by the Trust after the deadline, the purchase price of Fund shares will be
based upon the next determination of net asset value of Fund shares. No currency, third party
checks, foreign checks, starter checks, credit card checks, travelers checks or money orders will
be accepted.
The Trust reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to suspend the offering of shares of the Fund
or to reject purchase orders when, in its judgment, such suspension or rejection would be in the
best interests of the Trust or the Fund. The Trust discourages market timing and maintains
procedures designed to provide reasonable assurances that such activity will be identified and
terminated, including the imposition of the redemption fee. You may be subject to a fee of 2% if
you redeem or exchange your shares within 30 days of purchase. See Redeeming Shares. Purchases of
the Funds shares may be made in full or in fractional shares of the Fund (calculated to three
decimal places). In the interest of economy and convenience, certificates for shares will not be
issued.
A note on mailing procedures: If two or more members of a household own the Fund, we economize on
Fund expenses by sending only one financial report and prospectus. If you need additional copies or
do not want your mailings to be householded, please call the Trust at 1-800-447-3332 or write to
the Trust.
INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNTS
The Fund may be used to fund individual retirement accounts (IRAs). A special application must be
completed in order to create such an account.
Contributions to IRAs are subject to prevailing amount limits set by the Internal Revenue Service.
For more information about IRAs, call the Trust at 1-800-447-3332.
REDEEMING SHARES
Shares of the Fund may be redeemed by mail, or, if authorized by an investor in an Account
Application, by telephone. The value of shares redeemed may be more or less than the original cost
of those shares, depending on the market value of the investment securities held by the Fund at the
time of the redemption and on any expenses and charges attributable thereto.
As noted above in the Purchasing Shares section, if you deal directly with an Intermediary, you
should contact your Intermediary for more information about how to redeem Fund shares.
BY MAIL
The Trust will redeem its shares at the net asset value per share next determined after the request
is received in good order. See How the Trust Prices Shares of the Fund. Requests should be
addressed to Laudus Trust, P.O. Box 8032, Boston, Massachusetts 02266.
To be in good order, a request must include the following documentation:
(a) a letter of instruction specifying the number of shares or dollar amount to be redeemed,
signed by all registered owners of the shares in the exact names in which they are registered;
(b) any required signature guarantees; and
13
(c) other supporting legal documents, if required, in the case of estates, trusts, guardianships,
custodianships, corporations, pension and profit sharing plans and other organizations.
SIGNATURE GUARANTEES
To protect shareholder accounts, the Trust and the Transfer Agent from fraud, signature guarantees
may be required to enable the Trust to verify the identity of the person who has authorized a
redemption from an account. Signature guarantees are required for: (1) redemptions where the
proceeds are to be sent to someone other than the registered shareholder(s) at the registered
address, (2) redemptions if your account address has changed within the last 10 business days, (3)
share transfer requests, and (4) redemptions where the proceeds are wired in connection with bank
instructions not already on file with the Transfer Agent. Signature guarantees may be obtained from
certain eligible financial institutions, including but not limited to, the following: U.S. banks,
trust companies, credit unions, securities brokers and dealers, savings and loan associations and
participants in the Securities and Transfer Association Medallion Program (STAMP), the Stock
Exchange Medallion Program (SEMP) or the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Signature Program
(MSP). Signature guarantees from non-U.S. banks that do not include a stamp may require a U.S.
consulate stamp. Shareholders may contact the Trust at 1-800-447-3332 for further details.
BY TELEPHONE
Provided the telephone redemption option has been authorized by an investor in an Account
Application, a redemption of shares may be requested by calling the Trust at 1-800-447-3332 and
requesting that the redemption proceeds be mailed to the primary registration address or wired per
the authorized instructions. If the telephone redemption option or the telephone exchange option
(as described below) is authorized, the Transfer Agent may act on telephone instructions from any
person representing himself or herself to be a shareholder and believed by the Transfer Agent to be
genuine. The Transfer Agents records of such instructions are binding and the shareholder, not the
Trust or the Transfer Agent, bears the risk of loss in the event of unauthorized instructions
reasonably believed by the Transfer Agent to be genuine. The Transfer Agent will employ reasonable
procedures to confirm that instructions communicated are genuine and, if it does not, it may be
liable for any losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions. The procedures employed in
connection with transactions initiated by telephone include tape recording of telephone
instructions and requiring some form of personal identification prior to acting upon instructions
received by telephone. Payments on telephone redemptions will be suspended for a period typically
expected not to exceed 10 business days following a telephonic address change.
SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN
An owner of $12,000 or more of shares of the Fund may elect to have periodic redemptions made from
the investors account to be paid on a monthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual basis. The maximum
payment per year is 12% of the account value at the time of the election. The Trust will normally
redeem a sufficient number of shares to make the scheduled redemption payments on a date selected
by the shareholder. Depending on the size of the payment requested and fluctuation in the net asset
value, if any, of the shares redeemed, redemptions for the purpose of making such payments may
reduce or even exhaust the account. A shareholder may request that these payments be sent to a
predesignated bank or other designated party. Capital gains and dividend distributions paid to the
account will automatically be reinvested at net asset value on the distribution payment date.
EARLY REDEMPTIONS AND MARKET TIMING
Shares redeemed or exchanged within 30 days of purchase, which shall be calculated to include the
30th day, will be subject to a fee of 2%, which is intended to limit short-term trading in the
Fund, or to the extent that short-term trading persists, to impose the costs of that type of
activity on the shareholders who engage in it. Such fee will be paid to the Fund. The Trust
reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to waive such fee when, in its judgment, such waiver
would be in the best interests of the Trust or the Fund. The Trust may waive the redemption fee for
retirement plans, wrap accounts, charitable giving funds, unregistered separate accounts and
registered investment companies. While the Fund discourages mutual fund market timing and maintains
procedures designed to provide reasonable assurances that such activity will be identified and
terminated, including the imposition of the redemption fee described above, no policy or procedure
can guarantee that all such activity will in fact be identified or that such activity can be
completely eliminated.
14
FURTHER REDEMPTION INFORMATION
The Trust will not make payment on redemptions of shares purchased by check until payment of the
purchase price has been collected, which may take up to fifteen days after purchase. Shareholders
can avoid this delay by utilizing the wire purchase option.
The Fund reserves the right to redeem your shares in-kind in accordance with the Funds procedures
and applicable regulatory requirements. If CSIM determines that it would not be in the best
interests of the remaining shareholders of the Fund to make a redemption payment wholly or partly
in cash, the Fund may instead pay the redemption price in whole or in part by a distribution
in-kind of readily marketable securities held by the Fund. The Trust may commit itself to pay in
cash all requests for redemption by any shareholder of record, limited in amount with respect to
each shareholder during any 90-day period to the lesser of: (i) $250,000, or (ii) one percent of
the net asset value of the Fund at the beginning of such period. Securities used to redeem Fund
shares in-kind will be valued in accordance with the Funds procedures for valuation described
under How the Trust Prices Shares of the Fund. Securities distributed by the Fund in-kind will be
selected by the Subadviser, under CSIMs supervision, in light of the Funds objective and
generally will be a pro rata distribution of each security held in the Funds portfolio. Investors
may incur brokerage charges on the sale of any securities received in payment of redemptions.
The Trust reserves the right to delay settlement for redemptions received in good order for up to
seven days. The Trust may suspend the right of redemption and may postpone payment for a reasonable
period when the NYSE is closed for other than weekends or holidays, or if permitted by the rules of
the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), during periods when trading on the NYSE is
restricted or during an emergency declared by the SEC which makes it impracticable for the Fund to
dispose of their securities or to determine the value of their net assets fairly, or during any
other period permitted by the SEC for the protection of investors.
EXCHANGING AND CONVERTING SHARES
As noted above in the Purchasing Shares section, if you deal directly with an Intermediary, you
should contact your Intermediary for more information about how to exchange or convert Fund shares.
Upon request, and subject to certain limitations, shares of the Fund, may be exchanged or converted
into shares of any other Fund of the Trust, or class of shares. In order to convert your shares to
another class of shares, you must satisfy the minimum requirements for the new class of shares. If
you deal directly with an Intermediary, please contact your Intermediary to learn more about
conversion limitations that may apply. All other investors should contact the Trust at
1-800-447-3332. Although the Trust has no current intention of terminating or modifying either the
exchange or conversion privileges, it reserves the right to do so at any time. An exchange of your
shares for shares of another Laudus Fund is taxable as a sale of a security on which a gain or loss
may be recognized. Shareholders should receive written confirmation of an exchange or conversion
within a few days of the completion of the transaction. A new account opened by exchange or
conversion must be established with the same name(s), address(es) and social security number(s) as
the existing account. All exchanges and conversions will be made based on the respective net asset
values next determined following receipt of the request by the Fund containing the information
indicated below.
Shareholders of the Fund will not be permitted to exchange any shares for shares of the Laudus
Rosenberg International Small Capitalization Fund. Shareholders of the Fund will not be permitted
to exchange any of their shares for shares of the Laudus Rosenberg U.S. Discovery Fund or the
Laudus Rosenberg U.S. Small Capitalization Fund unless such shareholders are also existing
shareholders of the Laudus Rosenberg U.S. Discovery Fund or the Laudus Rosenberg U.S. Small
Capitalization Fund. These Funds of the Trust are offered by a separate prospectus. Shareholders
should obtain and read the prospectus for the Fund into which you are exchanging prior to placing
your order.
EXCHANGE AND CONVERSION BY MAIL
To exchange or convert Fund shares by mail, shareholders should simply send a letter of instruction
to the Trust. The letter of instruction must include: (a) the investors account number; (b) the
class of shares to be exchanged or converted; (c) the Fund from and the Fund into which the
exchange or conversion is to be made; (d) the dollar or share amount to be exchanged or converted;
and (e) the signatures of all registered owners or authorized parties.
15
EXCHANGE AND CONVERSION BY TELEPHONE
To exchange or convert Fund shares by telephone, to ask questions about the exchange or conversion
privileges or to learn about what conditions and limitations may apply to the exchange and
conversion privileges, shareholders may call the Trust at 1-800-447-3332. If you wish to exchange
or convert shares, please be prepared to give the telephone representative the following
information: (a) the account number, social security number and account registration; (b) the class
of shares to be exchanged or converted; (c) the name of the Fund from which and the Fund into which
the exchange or conversion is to be made; and (d) the dollar or share amount to be exchanged or
converted. Telephone exchanges or conversions are available only if the shareholder so indicates by
checking the yes box on the Account Application. The Trust employs procedures, including
recording telephone calls, testing a callers identity, and written confirmation of telephone
transactions, designed to give reasonable assurance that instructions communicated by telephone are
genuine, and to discourage fraud. To the extent that the Fund does not follow such procedures, it
may be liable for losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent telephone instructions. The Fund will
not be liable for acting upon instructions communicated by telephone that it reasonably believes to
be genuine.
The Trust reserves the right to suspend or terminate the privilege of exchanging or converting
shares of the Fund by mail or by telephone at any time. If an account no longer meets the balance
requirements for the Fund, the Trust may automatically convert the shares in the account. A decline
in account balance because of market movement may result in such a conversion. The Trust will
notify the shareholder in writing before any conversion occurs.
HOW THE TRUST PRICES SHARES OF THE FUND
The Fund is open for business each day that the NYSE is open. The Fund calculates its share price
each business day as of the close of the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). The Funds share
price is its net asset value per share, or NAV, which is the Funds net assets divided by the
number of its outstanding shares. Purchases and redemptions will be effected at the NAV next
determined after the Fund receives a purchase or redemption request in good order.
In valuing its securities, the Trust uses the current market value if one is readily available.
Securities held by the Fund for which market prices are not readily available or for which the
Adviser deems the market price to be unreliable are valued in accordance with fair value procedures
established by the Board of Trustees. Some of the more common reasons that may necessitate that a
security be valued using fair value procedures include: the securitys trading has been halted or
suspended; the security has been de-listed from a national exchange; the securitys primary trading
market is temporarily closed at a time when under normal conditions it would be open; or the
securitys primary pricing source is not able or willing to provide a price. The Funds
determination of a securitys fair value price often involves the consideration of a number of
subjective factors, and is therefore subject to the unavoidable risk that the value that the Fund
assigns to a security may be higher or lower than the securitys value would be if a reliable
market quotation for the security was readily available.
Shareholders should be aware that because foreign markets are often open on weekends and other days
when the Fund is closed, the value of the Funds portfolios may change on days when it is not
possible to buy or sell shares of the Fund.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund intends to pay out as dividends substantially all of its net income and net short-term and
long-term capital gains (after reduction by any available capital loss carry-forwards). It is the
policy of the Fund, to declare and pay distributions of its dividends and interest annually,
although it may do so more frequently as determined by the Trustees of the Trust. The Funds policy
is to distribute net short-term capital gains and net long-term gains annually, although it may do
so more frequently as determined by the Trustees of the Trust to the extent permitted by applicable
regulations. The amount of any distribution will change and there is no guarantee the Fund will
declare and pay dividend income or distribute a capital gain.
All dividends and/or distributions will be paid out in the form of additional shares of the Fund at
net asset value unless the shareholder elects to receive cash. Shareholders may make this election
by marking the appropriate box on the Account Application or by writing to the Trust.
If you elect to receive distributions in cash and checks are returned and marked as undeliverable
or remain uncashed for six months, your cash election will be changed automatically and your future
dividend and capital gains distributions will be reinvested in that Fund at the per share net asset
value determined as of the date of payment of the distribution. In addition, any undeliverable
checks or
16
checks that remain uncashed for six months will be canceled and will be reinvested in that Fund at
the per share net asset value determined as of the date of cancellation.
TAXES
PLEASE CONSULT YOUR TAX ADVISOR REGARDING YOUR SPECIFIC QUESTIONS ABOUT FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL
INCOME TAXES.
The Fund intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code) and to meet all requirements necessary to
avoid paying any federal income or excise taxes. For federal income tax purposes, distributions of
investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains
are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long
a shareholder has owned his or her shares. Distributions of net capital gains from the sale of
investments that the Fund owned for more than one year and that are properly designated by the Fund
as capital gain dividends will be taxable as long-term capital gains. Distributions of gains from
the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary
income. For taxable years beginning on or before December 31, 2010, distributions of investment
income designated by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be taxed in the
hands of individuals at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain, provided holding period and
other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level. The Fund will notify its
shareholders as to what portion of Fund distributions are designated as qualified dividend income.
Distributions are taxable to shareholders even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the
Fund before a shareholders investment (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid).
Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or in the form of additional
shares of the Fund to which the distribution relates. Any gain resulting from the sale or exchange
of Fund shares generally will be taxable as capital gains. For tax purposes, an exchange of your
Fund shares for shares of a different Fund is the same as a sale. The gain or loss generally will
be treated as short term if you held the shares for 12 months or less, long term if you held the
shares for longer.
Long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals have been temporarily reducedin general,
to 15% with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate bracketsfor taxable years
beginning on or before December 31, 2010.
The Fund will provide federal tax information annually, including information about dividends and
distributions paid during the preceding year.
The Funds investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes. In that
case, the Funds return on those securities would be decreased. In addition, the Funds investments
in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the Funds recognition of
ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of the Funds distributions.
The Funds transactions in Derivatives will be subject to special tax rules (including
mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, and wash sale rules), the effect of which may be to
accelerate income to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods
of the Funds securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term gains or convert
short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the
amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders. The Funds use of such transactions
may result in the Fund realizing more short-term capital gains (subject to tax at ordinary income
tax rates) and ordinary income subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates than it would if it did
not engage in such transactions.
The foregoing is a general summary of the federal income tax consequences of investing in the Fund
to shareholders who are U.S. citizens or U.S. corporations. Shareholders should consult their own
tax advisers about the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund in light of each shareholders
particular tax situation. Shareholders should also consult their own tax advisors about
consequences under foreign, state, local or other applicable tax laws.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES INFORMATION
The Fund may make various types of portfolio securities information available to shareholders. The
Fund generally posts on its website at www.laudus.com, in the Analysis & Commentary section, a
detailed list of the securities held by the Fund (under Portfolio Holdings), as of the most
recent calendar quarter-end. This list is generally updated within 30 days after the end of the
calendar quarter remaining posted until at least the following calendar quarter. The Fund also
posts in this section of their website fund fact sheets containing certain summary portfolio
attributes, including top ten holdings, approximately 20-30 days after the end of the calendar
quarter. The Trust may exclude any portion of these portfolio holdings from publication when deemed
in the best interest of
17
the Fund. Further, information regarding the Funds policy and procedures on the disclosure of
portfolio securities information is available in the SAI. In addition, shareholders can learn more
about the availability of portfolio securities information by calling the Fund at 1-800-447-3332.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The financial highlights
table is intended to help you understand the Funds financial performance
for the past five years (or, if shorter, the period of the Funds operations).
Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The
total returns in the tables represent the rate that an investor would have
earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all
dividends and distributions). On ,
2009, the Fund commenced operations as a member of Laudus Trust by acquiring
all assets and liabilities of the UBS Fund in a tax-free reorganization. The
information in the table has been derived from the UBS Fund Class
Y Shares financial
statements, which have been audited by ,
an independent registered public accounting firm, and whose reportalong
with the UBS Funds financial statementsis included in the UBS
Funds most recent annual report to shareholders, which is
available upon request.
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Six
months ended |
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Class
A |
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December
31, 2008 |
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Year
ended June 30, |
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(unaudited) |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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2005 |
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2004 |
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Net asset value, beginning
of year
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|
$ |
11.16 |
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$ |
10.68 |
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$ |
8.81 |
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$ |
8.21 |
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$ |
7.71 |
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$ |
6.39 |
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Income (loss) from
investment operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
(loss)(1)
|
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
|
(0.02 |
) |
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
|
(0.01 |
) |
|
|
0.00 |
(3) |
|
|
(0.02 |
) |
Net realized and unrealized
gain from investment activities
|
|
|
(3.98 |
) |
|
|
0.58 |
|
|
|
1.87 |
|
|
|
0.61 |
|
|
|
0.50 |
|
|
|
1.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total income from investment
operations
|
|
|
(3.97 |
) |
|
|
0.56 |
|
|
|
1.88 |
|
|
|
0.60 |
|
|
|
0.50 |
|
|
|
1.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less dividends/distributions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment
income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01 |
) |
|
|
(0.00) |
(3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net realized gains
|
|
|
0.00 |
|
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total dividends/distributions
|
|
|
0.00 |
|
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
|
|
(0.01 |
) |
|
|
(0.00 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net asset value,
end of year
|
|
$ |
7.19 |
|
|
$ |
11.16 |
|
|
$ |
10.68 |
|
|
$ |
8.81 |
|
|
$ |
8.21 |
|
|
$ |
7.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total investment
return(2)
|
|
|
(35.57 |
)% |
|
|
5.25 |
% |
|
|
21.29 |
% |
|
|
7.33 |
% |
|
|
6.49 |
% |
|
|
20.66 |
% |
Ratios/Supplemental
data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of
year (in 000s)
|
|
$ |
27,402 |
|
|
$ |
13,994 |
|
|
$ |
9,542 |
|
|
$ |
6,803 |
|
|
$ |
3,175 |
|
|
$ |
2,275 |
|
Ratio of expenses to
average net assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Before expense reimbursement
and earnings credits
|
|
|
1.29 |
% |
|
|
1.35 |
% |
|
|
1.68 |
% |
|
|
2.33 |
% |
|
|
3.19 |
% |
|
|
2.76 |
% |
After expense reimbursement
and earnings credits
|
|
|
1.05 |
% |
|
|
1.05 |
% |
|
|
1.05 |
% |
|
|
1.05 |
% |
|
|
1.05 |
% |
|
|
1.05 |
% |
Ratio of net investment
income (loss) to average net assets
|
|
|
0.16 |
% |
|
|
(0.20 |
)% |
|
|
0.12 |
% |
|
|
(0.16 |
)% |
|
|
0.04 |
% |
|
|
(0.32 |
)% |
Portfolio turnover
|
|
|
67 |
% |
|
|
102 |
% |
|
|
112 |
% |
|
|
137 |
% |
|
|
145 |
% |
|
|
102 |
% |
|
|
|
Six
months ended |
|
|
Class
B |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December
31, 2008 |
|
|
Year
ended June 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
Net asset value, beginning
of year
|
|
$ |
10.63 |
|
|
$ |
10.26 |
|
|
$ |
8.52 |
|
|
$ |
8.00 |
|
|
$ |
7.57 |
|
|
$ |
6.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from
investment operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
(loss)(1)
|
|
|
(0.03 |
) |
|
|
(0.10 |
) |
|
|
(0.06 |
) |
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
|
|
(0.05 |
) |
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
Net realized and unrealized
gain from investment activities
|
|
|
(3.77 |
) |
|
|
0.55 |
|
|
|
1.80 |
|
|
|
0.60 |
|
|
|
0.48 |
|
|
|
1.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total income from investment
operations
|
|
|
(3.80 |
) |
|
|
0.45 |
|
|
|
1.74 |
|
|
|
0.52 |
|
|
|
0.43 |
|
|
|
1.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less dividends/distributions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment
income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net realized gains
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total dividends/distributions
|
|
|
0.00 |
|
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net asset value,
end of year
|
|
$ |
6.83 |
|
|
$ |
10.63 |
|
|
$ |
10.26 |
|
|
$ |
8.52 |
|
|
$ |
8.00 |
|
|
$ |
7.57 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total investment
return(2)
|
|
|
(35.75 |
)% |
|
|
4.39 |
% |
|
|
20.42 |
% |
|
|
6.50 |
% |
|
|
5.68 |
% |
|
|
19.78 |
% |
Ratios/Supplemental
data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of
year (in 000s)
|
|
$ |
858 |
|
|
$ |
1,276 |
|
|
$ |
216 |
|
|
$ |
389 |
|
|
$ |
564 |
|
|
$ |
342 |
|
Ratio of expenses to
average net assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Before expense reimbursement
and earnings credits
|
|
|
2.07 |
% |
|
|
2.14 |
% |
|
|
2.61 |
% |
|
|
3.23 |
% |
|
|
3.93 |
% |
|
|
3.48 |
% |
After expense reimbursement
and earnings credits
|
|
|
1.80 |
% |
|
|
1.80 |
% |
|
|
1.80 |
% |
|
|
1.80 |
% |
|
|
1.80 |
% |
|
|
1.80 |
% |
Ratio of net investment
income (loss) to average net assets
|
|
|
(0.69 |
)% |
|
|
(0.90 |
)% |
|
|
(0.64 |
)% |
|
|
(0.91 |
)% |
|
|
(0.71 |
)% |
|
|
(1.07 |
)% |
Portfolio turnover
|
|
|
67 |
% |
|
|
102 |
% |
|
|
112 |
% |
|
|
137 |
% |
|
|
145 |
% |
|
|
102 |
% |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Calculated using the average shares method. |
|
(2) |
|
Total investment return is calculated assuming a $10,000 investment on the first day of each
year reported, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions,
if any, at net asset value on the ex-dividend dates, and a sale at net asset value on the last
day of each year reported. The figures do not include any applicable sales
charges; results would be lower if they were included. Returns do not reflect the deduction
of taxes that a shareholder would pay on dividends/distributions or the redemption of Fund shares. |
|
(3) |
|
Amount represents less than $0.005 per share. |
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six
months ended |
|
|
Class
C |
|
December
31, 2008 |
|
|
Year
ended June 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
$ |
10.64 |
|
|
$ |
10.26 |
|
|
$ |
8.53 |
|
|
$ |
8.00 |
|
|
$ |
7.56 |
|
|
$ |
6.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.03 |
) |
|
|
(0.10 |
) |
|
|
(0.06 |
) |
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
|
|
(0.05 |
) |
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
|
(3.77 |
) |
|
|
0.56 |
|
|
|
1.79 |
|
|
|
0.61 |
|
|
|
0.49 |
|
|
|
1.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3.80 |
) |
|
|
0.46 |
|
|
|
1.73 |
|
|
|
0.53 |
|
|
|
0.44 |
|
|
|
1.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
|
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
|
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
6.84 |
|
|
$ |
10.64 |
|
|
$ |
10.26 |
|
|
$ |
8.53 |
|
|
$ |
8.00 |
|
|
$ |
7.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(35.71 |
)% |
|
|
4.49 |
% |
|
|
20.28 |
% |
|
|
6.63 |
% |
|
|
5.82 |
% |
|
|
19.62 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,771 |
|
|
$ |
2,990 |
|
|
$ |
986 |
|
|
$ |
814 |
|
|
$ |
407 |
|
|
$ |
432 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.08 |
% |
|
|
2.13 |
% |
|
|
2.51 |
% |
|
|
3.12 |
% |
|
|
3.96 |
% |
|
|
3.54 |
% |
|
1.80 |
% |
|
|
1.80 |
% |
|
|
1.80 |
% |
|
|
1.80 |
% |
|
|
1.80 |
% |
|
|
1.80 |
% |
|
(0.61 |
)% |
|
|
(0.96 |
)% |
|
|
(0.64 |
)% |
|
|
(0.91 |
)% |
|
|
(0.71 |
)% |
|
|
(1.08 |
)% |
|
67 |
% |
|
|
102 |
% |
|
|
112 |
% |
|
|
137 |
% |
|
|
145 |
% |
|
|
102 |
% |
|
Six
months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class
Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December
31, 2008 |
|
|
Year
ended June 30, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited) |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
$ |
11.45 |
|
|
$ |
10.94 |
|
|
$ |
9.02 |
|
|
$ |
8.38 |
|
|
$ |
7.85 |
|
|
$ |
6.49 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.02 |
|
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
|
0.04 |
|
|
|
0.01 |
|
|
|
0.02 |
|
|
|
(0.01 |
) |
|
(4.08 |
) |
|
|
0.59 |
|
|
|
1.90 |
|
|
|
0.64 |
|
|
|
0.51 |
|
|
|
1.37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4.06 |
) |
|
|
0.60 |
|
|
|
1.94 |
|
|
|
0.65 |
|
|
|
0.53 |
|
|
|
1.36 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(0.01 |
) |
|
|
(0.02 |
) |
|
|
(0.01 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
|
|
|
(0.08 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
|
|
|
(0.09 |
) |
|
|
(0.02 |
) |
|
|
(0.01 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
7.39 |
|
|
$ |
11.45 |
|
|
$ |
10.94 |
|
|
|
9.02 |
|
|
$ |
8.38 |
|
|
$ |
7.85 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(35.46 |
)% |
|
|
5.52 |
% |
|
|
21.51 |
% |
|
|
7.72 |
% |
|
|
6.75 |
% |
|
|
20.96 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
56,121 |
|
|
$ |
76,175 |
|
|
$ |
62,529 |
|
|
$ |
4,797 |
|
|
$ |
3,078 |
|
|
$ |
3,502 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.17 |
% |
|
|
1.21 |
% |
|
|
1.25 |
% |
|
|
2.10 |
% |
|
|
3.01 |
% |
|
|
2.51 |
% |
|
0.80 |
% |
|
|
0.80 |
% |
|
|
0.80 |
% |
|
|
0.80 |
% |
|
|
0.80 |
% |
|
|
0.80 |
% |
|
0.33 |
% |
|
|
0.05 |
% |
|
|
0.35 |
% |
|
|
0.09 |
% |
|
|
0.29 |
% |
|
|
(0.07 |
)% |
|
67 |
% |
|
|
102 |
% |
|
|
112 |
% |
|
|
137 |
% |
|
|
145 |
% |
|
|
102 |
% |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
19
PRIVACY POLICY
THIS IS NOT PART OF THE PROSPECTUS
A Commitment to Your Privacy
At the Laudus Funds our most important asset is our relationship with you. We are honored that you
have entrusted us with your financial affairs, and we are committed to protecting the privacy of
information we maintain about you. Establishing and adhering to an effective privacy policy,
regarding proper handling and use, is an important part of that dedication.
Below, you will find details about Laudus Funds commitment to protecting your privacy, including
the types of information we collect about you and how we use and share that information. Our
Privacy Policy applies to you only if you are an individual who invests directly in the funds by
placing orders through the funds sub-transfer agent. If you place orders through your brokerage
account at Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. or an account with another broker-dealer, investment advisor,
401(k) plan, employee benefit plan, administrator, bank or other financial intermediary, you are
covered by the privacy policies of that financial institution and should consult those policies.
Your Privacy Is Not for Sale
Simply put, we do not and will not sell your personal information to anyone, for any reason, at any
time.
How We Collect Information About You
We collect personal information about you in a number of ways.
|
|
APPLICATION AND REGISTRATION INFORMATION. |
We collect information from you when you open an account or utilize one of our services. We may
also collect information from consumer reporting agencies to verify your identity in the
account-opening process or if you apply for other financial products or services. The information
we collect may include personal information such as your name, address, phone number, email
address, Social Security number and date of birth, as well as details about your interests,
investments and investment experience.
|
|
TRANSACTION AND EXPERIENCE INFORMATION. |
Once you have opened an account with us, we collect and maintain personal information about your
account activity, including your transactions, balances, deposits, positions and history. This
information allows us to administer your account and provide the services you have requested.
|
|
THIRD-PARTY INFORMATION PROVIDERS. |
We may collect information about you from information services and consumer reporting agencies to
verify your identity, employment or creditworthiness, or to better understand your financial needs.
Website Usage
When you visit our website, our systems may use devices known as cookies, graphic interchange
format files (GIFs), or other similar web tools to enhance your web experience. These tools enable
us to recognize you when you return to our site and maintain your web session while you browse, as
well as help us provide you with a better, more personalized experience.
How We Share and Use Information About You
We provide access to information about you to our affiliated companies, outside companies and other
third parties in certain limited circumstances, including:
|
|
to help us process transactions for your account; |
20
|
|
when we use another company to provide services for us, such as printing and mailing your account
statements; |
|
|
when we believe that disclosure is required or permitted under law. For example, we may be
required to disclose personal information to cooperate with regulatory or law enforcement
authorities, to resolve consumer disputes, to perform credit/authentication checks, or for risk
control. |
State Laws
We will comply with state laws that apply to the disclosure or use of information about you.
Safeguarding Your Information, Maintaining Your Trust
We take precautions to ensure the information we collect about you is protected and is accessed
only by authorized individuals or organizations.
Companies we use to provide support services are not allowed to use information about our
shareholders for their own purposes and are contractually obligated to maintain strict
confidentiality. We limit their use of information to the performance of the specific services we
have requested.
We restrict access to personal information by our employees and agents. Our employees are trained
about privacy and are required to safeguard personal information.
We maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards to protect personal information.
Teaming Up Against Identity Theft
Identity theft is a serious concern to all of us. Safeguarding information to help protect you from
identity theft is a priority at Laudus Funds. Were committed to keeping your personal and
financial information safe online. To enhance your security, Laudus Funds takes steps to protect
you from identity theft by:
|
|
utilizing client identification and authentication procedures before initiating transactions; |
|
|
|
using firewalls and encryption technology to protect personal information on our computer
systems; |
|
|
|
training our employees on privacy and security to properly handle personal information about
you. |
You can also help protect your identity and accounts. Here are a few steps to remember:
|
|
when using the Internet, keep your login ID and password confidential; |
|
|
|
keep your security software up-to-date and turned on; |
|
|
|
shred documents that contain personal information; |
|
|
|
check your credit report regularly for unauthorized activity and protect your personal
identification numbers (PINs) and personal data. |
If you suspect fraud or identity theft, the faster you act the better. Direct order Laudus Funds(R)
shareholders should contact us at 1-800-447-3332.
Greater Accuracy Means Better Protection
We are committed to keeping accurate, up-to-date records to help ensure the integrity of the
information we maintain about you. If you identify an inaccuracy in this information, or if you
need to make a change to it, direct order Laudus Funds shareholders should contact us promptly by
calling 1-800-447-3332. If you purchase Laudus Funds through a financial institution, please
contact that financial institution.
21
A Commitment to Keeping You Informed
We will provide you with advance notice of important changes to our information-sharing practices.
Contact Us with Questions
If you have any questions or concerns, direct order Laudus Funds shareholders should contact us at
clientcommunications@laudusfunds.com or call 1-800-447-3332.
© 2009 Laudus Funds. All rights reserved.
22
(LAUDUS FUNDS LOGO)
COMMAND PERFORMANCETM
For More Information about the Fund:
Statement of Additional Information (SAI):
The SAI provides additional information about the Fund. It is incorporated by reference into this
Prospectus and is legally considered a part of this Prospectus.
Annual and Semi-Annual Reports:
Additional information about the Funds investments will be available in the Funds Annual and
Semi-Annual Reports to shareholders. In the Funds Annual Report, you will find a discussion of
market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds performance
during the last fiscal year.
You may review and copy, for a fee, the Trusts Annual and Semi-Annual Reports and the SAI in
person at, or by writing to, the Public Reference Section of the Commission, Washington D.C.
20549-0102, or by electronic request via e-mail at the following address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
Information on the operation of the Commissions Public Reference Room can be obtained by calling
1-202-551-8090. You may obtain reports and other information about the Funds for free from the
EDGAR database on the Commissions website at http://www.sec.gov.
You may also obtain free copies of the SAI and the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports on the Funds
website at www.laudus.com. To request that a copy of the SAI and the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports
be mailed to you, free of charge, or to request other information about the Fund or make
shareholder inquiries, you may contact the Fund at:
Laudus Trust
P.O. Box 8032
Boston, Massachusetts 02266
1.800.447.3332 Retail Investors
1.866.452.8387 Registered Investment Professionals
LAUDUS TRUST
Investment Company Act File No. 811-5547
(5/2009)
23
LAUDUS TRUST
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
LAUDUS GROWTH INVESTORS U.S. LARGE CAP GROWTH FUND
___, 2009
The Statement of Additional Information (SAI) is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction
with the Funds prospectus dated ______, 2009. To obtain a free copy of the prospectus, please
contact Laudus Trust at P.O. Box 8032, Boston, Massachusetts 02266.
The Laudus Growth Investors U.S. Large Cap Growth Fund (the Fund) is a series of the Laudus Trust
(the Trust). The Fund was formed in connection with the reoganization of a previously existing
fund, known as UBS U.S. Large Cap Growth Fund (the UBS Fund), which was previously sponsored and
managed by UBS Global Asset Management (Americas) Inc. (UBS Global AM or the Subadviser). On
______, 2009, the Fund acquired the assets and liabilities of the UBS Fund in a tax-free
reorganization, while maintaining a substantially similar investment objective, and substantially
similar investment strategies and policies. UBS continues as a subadviser to the Fund.
The audited financial statements of the UBS Fund for the UBS Funds fiscal year ended June 30, 2008,
including notes thereto and the report of the UBS Funds independent registered public accounting
firm thereon, are herein incorporated by reference from the UBS Funds June 30, 2008 Annual Report.
Further, the unaudited financial statements of the UBS Fund for the semi-annual period June 30, 2008 through
December 31, 2008 are herein incorporated by reference from the UBS Funds December 31, 2008
Semi-Annual Report. A copy of the UBS Funds June 30, 2008 Annual Report and December 31, 2008 Semi-Annual Report must
accompany the delivery of this SAI.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page |
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2 |
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25 |
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31 |
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37 |
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|
39 |
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41 |
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41 |
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43 |
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66 |
|
The information in this Statement of Additional Information is not complete and may be changed. We
may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission is effective. This Statement of Additional Information is not an offer to sell
these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the
offer or sale is not permitted.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES, POLICIES, SECURITIES, STRATEGIES AND RISKS
Notice on Shareholder Approval. Unless otherwise indicated in the Prospectus or this Statement
of Additional Information, the investment objective and policies of the Fund may be changed without
shareholder approval. The following investment policies, securities, strategies, risks and
limitations supplement those set forth in the Prospectus and may be changed without shareholder
approval unless otherwise noted. Also, policies and limitations that state a maximum percentage of
assets that may be invested in a security or other asset, or that set forth a quality standard,
shall be measured immediately after and as a result of the Funds acquisition of such security or
asset unless otherwise noted. Thus, any subsequent change in values, net assets or other
circumstances does not require the Fund to sell an investment if it could not then make the same
investment.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES
The Fund seeks long-term capital appreciation. There is no guarantee the Fund will achieve its
objective.
FUND INVESTMENT POLICIES
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets (plus
borrowings for investment purposes, if any) in equity securities of U.S. large capitalization
companies. The Fund defines large capitalization companies as those with a market capitalization of
at least $3 billion. In addition, up to 20% of the Funds net assets may be invested in foreign equity
securities. Investments in equity securities include common stock and
preferred stock. The Fund may, but is not required to, use derivative instruments (Derivatives)
for risk management purposes or as part of the Funds investment strategies. Generally, Derivatives
are financial contracts whose value depends upon, or is derived from, the value of an underlying
asset, reference rate, or index, and may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies or
currency exchange rates, and related indexes.
The principal types of Derivatives used by the Fund include options, futures and forward currency agreements.
The Fund may use Derivatives to earn income and enhance returns, to
manage or adjust the risk profile of the Fund, to replace more traditional direct investments, or
to obtain exposure to certain markets. The Fund will notify shareholders at least 60 days prior to
any change in its policy of investing at least 80% of its net assets (plus borrowings for
investment purposes, if any) in equity securities of U.S. large capitalization companies.
The Fund will invest in companies within its capitalization range as described above. However,
the Fund may invest a portion of its assets in securities outside of this range. Further, if
movement in the market price causes a security to change from one capitalization range to another,
the Fund is not required to dispose of the security.
The Fund may engage in active and frequent trading of the securities in its portfolio (e.g.,
greater than 100% turnover), which would increase transaction costs incurred by the Fund. In
addition, when a fund engages in active and frequent trading, a larger portion of the distributions
investors receive from such fund may reflect short-term capital gains which are taxed like ordinary
income, rather than long-term capital gain distributions.
For temporary defensive purposes during unusual economic or market conditions or for liquidity
purposes, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash, money market instruments,
repurchase agreements and other short-term obligations. When the Fund engages in such activities,
it may not achieve its investment objective.
INVESTMENT SECURITIES, STRATEGIES AND RISKS
The different types of investments that the Fund typically may invests in, the investment
techniques it may use and the risks normally associated with these investments are discussed below.
The Fund will make investments that are intended to help achieve its investment objective.
2
BANKERS ACCEPTANCES or notes are credit instruments evidencing a banks obligation to pay a draft
drawn on it by a customer. These instruments reflect the obligation both of the bank and of the
drawer to pay the full amount of the instrument upon maturity. The Fund will invest only in
bankers acceptances of banks that have capital, surplus and undivided profits in excess of $100
million.
BORROWING. The Fund may borrow for temporary or emergency purposes; for example, the Fund may
borrow at times to meet redemption requests rather than sell portfolio securities to raise the
necessary cash. The Funds borrowings will be subject to interest costs. Borrowing can also
involve leveraging when securities are purchased with the borrowed money. Leveraging creates
interest expenses that can exceed the income from the assets purchased with the borrowed money. In
addition, leveraging may magnify changes in the net asset value of the Funds shares and in its
portfolio yield. The Fund will earmark or segregate assets to cover such borrowings in accordance
with positions of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). If assets used to secure a
borrowing decrease in value, the Fund may be required to pledge additional collateral to avoid
liquidation of those assets.
The Fund may establish lines-of-credit (lines) with certain banks by which it may borrow funds
for temporary or emergency purposes. A borrowing is presumed to be for temporary or emergency
purposes if it is repaid by the Fund within 60 days and is not extended or renewed. The Fund may
use the lines to meet large or unexpected redemptions that would otherwise force the Fund to
liquidate securities under circumstances which are unfavorable to the funds remaining
shareholders. The Fund will pay a fee to the bank for using the lines.
CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT or time deposits are issued against funds deposited in a banking
institution for a specified period of time at a specified interest rate. The Fund will invest only
in certificates of deposit of banks that have capital, surplus and undivided profits in excess of
$100 million.
COMMERCIAL PAPER consists of short term, promissory notes issued by banks, corporations and other
institutions to finance short term credit needs. These securities generally are discounted but
sometimes may be interest bearing. Commercial paper, which also may be unsecured, is subject to
credit risk.
CREDIT AND LIQUIDITY supports may be employed by issuers to reduce the credit risk of their
securities. Credit supports include letters of credit, insurance, total return and credit swap
agreements and guarantees provided by foreign and domestic entities. Liquidity supports include
puts and demand features. Most of these arrangements move the credit risk of an investment from the
issuer of the security to the support provider. Changes in the credit quality of a support provider
could cause losses to the Fund, and affect its share price.
DEBT SECURITIES are obligations issued by domestic and foreign entities, including governments and
corporations, in order to raise money. They are basically IOUs, but are commonly referred to as
bonds or money market securities. These securities normally require the issuer to pay a fixed,
variable or floating rate of interest on the amount of money borrowed (principal) until it is
paid back upon maturity.
Debt securities experience price changes when interest rates change. For example, when interest
rates fall, the prices of debt securities generally rise. Also, issuers tend to pre-pay their
outstanding debts and issue new ones paying lower interest rates. This is especially true for bonds
with sinking fund provisions, which commit the issuer to set aside a certain amount of money to
cover timely repayment of principal and typically allow the issuer to annually repurchase certain
of its outstanding bonds from the open market or at a pre-set call price.
Conversely, in a rising interest rate environment, prepayment on outstanding debt securities
generally will not occur. This is known as extension risk and may cause the value of debt
securities to depreciate as a result of the higher market interest rates. Typically,
longer-maturity securities react to interest rate changes more severely than shorter-term
securities (all things being equal), but generally offer greater rates of interest.
Debt securities also are subject to the risk that the issuers will not make timely interest and/or
principal payments or fail to
3
make them at all. This is called credit risk. Corporate debt securities (bonds) tend to have
higher credit risk generally than U.S. government debt securities. Debt instruments also may be
subject to price volatility due to market perception of future interest rates, the creditworthiness
of the issuer and general market liquidity (market risk). Investment-grade debt securities are
considered medium- or/and high-quality securities, although some still possess varying degrees of
speculative characteristics and risks. Debt securities rated below investment-grade are riskier,
but may offer higher yields. These securities are sometimes referred to as high yield securities or
junk bonds.
The market for these securities has historically been less liquid than investment grade securities.
DELAYED-DELIVERY TRANSACTIONS include purchasing and selling securities on a delayed-delivery or
when-issued basis. These transactions involve a commitment to buy or sell specific securities at a
predetermined price or yield, with payment and delivery taking place after the customary settlement
period for that type of security. When purchasing securities on a delayed-delivery basis, the Fund
assumes the rights and risks of ownership, including the risk of price and yield fluctuations.
Typically, no interest will accrue to the purchaser until the security is delivered. The Fund will
earmark or segregate appropriate liquid assets to cover its delayed-delivery purchase obligations.
When the Fund sells a security on a delayed-delivery basis, it does not participate in further
gains or losses with respect to that security. If the other party to a delayed-delivery transaction
fails to deliver or pay for the securities, the Fund could suffer losses.
DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS include American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) as well as other hybrid forms of
ADRs, including European Depositary Receipts (EDRs) and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs), and are
certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer. Depositary receipts may be
sponsored or unsponsored. These certificates are issued by depository banks and generally trade on
an established market in the United States or elsewhere. The underlying shares are held in trust by
a custodian bank or similar financial institution in the issuers home country. The depository bank
may not have physical custody of the underlying securities at all times and may charge fees for
various services, including forwarding dividends and interest and corporate actions. ADRs are
alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and
currencies. However, ADRs continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing
directly in foreign securities.
Investments in the securities of foreign issuers may subject the Fund to investment risks that
differ in some respects from those related to investments in securities of U.S. issuers. Such risks
include future adverse political and economic developments, withholding taxes on income or possible
imposition of withholding taxes on income, possible seizure, nationalization or expropriation of
foreign deposits, possible establishment of exchange controls or taxation at the source or greater
fluctuation in value due to changes in exchange rates. Foreign issuers of securities often engage
in business practices different from those of domestic issuers of similar securities, and there may
be less information publicly available about foreign issuers. In addition, foreign issuers are,
generally speaking, subject to less government supervision and regulation and different accounting
treatment than are those in the United States.
Although the two types of depositary receipt facilities (unsponsored or sponsored) are similar,
there are differences regarding a holders rights and obligations and the practices of market
participants. A depository may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by (or
acquiescence of) the underlying issuer; typically, however, the depository requests a letter of
non-objection from the underlying issuer prior to establishing the facility. Holders of unsponsored
depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of the facility. The depository usually charges
fees upon the deposit and withdrawal of the underlying securities, the conversion of dividends into
U.S. dollars or other currency, the disposition of non-cash distributions, and the performance of
other services. The depository of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to
distribute shareholder communications received from the underlying issuer or to pass through voting
rights to depositary receipt holders with respect to the underlying securities.
Sponsored depositary receipt facilities are created in generally the same manner as unsponsored
facilities, except that sponsored depositary receipts are established jointly by a depository and
the underlying issuer through a deposit agreement. The deposit agreement sets out the rights and
responsibilities of the underlying issuer, the depository, and the depositary receipt holders. With
sponsored facilities, the underlying issuer typically bears some of the costs of the
4
depositary receipts (such as dividend payment fees of the depository), although most sponsored
depositary receipts holders may bear costs such as deposit and withdrawal fees. Depositories of
most sponsored depositary receipts agree to distribute notices of shareholder meetings, voting
instructions, and other shareholder communications and information to the depositary receipt
holders at the underlying issuers request.
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS are commonly defined to include securities or contracts whose values depend
on (or derive from) the value of one or more other assets such as securities, currencies or
commodities. These other assets are commonly referred to as underlying assets.
A derivative instrument generally consists of, is based upon, or exhibits characteristics similar
to options or forward contracts. Options and forward contracts are considered to be the basic
building blocks of derivatives. For example, forward-based derivatives include forward contracts,
as well as exchange-traded futures. Option-based derivatives include privately negotiated,
over-the-counter (OTC) options (including caps, floors, collars, and options on forward and swap
contracts) and exchange-traded options on futures. Diverse types of derivatives may be created by
combining options or forward contracts in different ways, and applying these structures to a wide
range of underlying assets.
Risk management strategies include investment techniques designed to facilitate the sale of
portfolio securities, manage the average duration of the portfolio or create or alter exposure to
certain asset classes, such as equity, other debt or foreign securities.
In addition to the derivative instruments and strategies described in this SAI, the Investment
Adviser (as defined below) or Subadviser expects to discover additional derivative instruments and
other hedging or risk management techniques. The Investment Adviser or Subadviser may utilize these
new derivative instruments and techniques to the extent that they are consistent with the Funds
investment objective and permitted by the Funds investment limitations, operating policies, and
applicable regulatory authorities.
EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS (ETFs) such as Standard and Poors Depositary Receipts (SPDRs) Trust, are
investment companies that typically are registered under the 1940 Act as open-end funds or unit
investment trusts (UITs). ETFs are actively traded on national securities exchanges and are
generally based on specific domestic and foreign market indices. Shares of an ETF may be bought and
sold throughout the day at market prices, which may be higher or lower than the shares net asset
value. An index-based ETF seeks to track the performance of an index holding in its portfolio
either the contents of the index or a representative sample of the securities in the index. Because
ETFs are based on an underlying basket of stocks or an index, they are subject to the same market
fluctuations as these types of securities in volatile market swings. ETFs, like mutual funds, have
expenses associated with their operation, including advisory fees. When the Fund invests in an ETF,
in addition to directly bearing expenses associated with its own operations, it will bear a pro
rata portion of the ETFs expenses. As with any exchange listed security, ETF shares purchased in
the secondary market are subject to customary brokerage charges.
Pursuant to an exemptive order issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission to iShares and
procedures approved by the Funds Board of Trustees, the Fund may invest in iShares, provided that
the Fund has described exchange-traded fund investments in its prospectuses and otherwise complies
with the conditions of the exemptive order and other applicable investment limitations.
EQUITY LINKED SECURITIES. The Fund may invest a portion of their assets in equity linked
securities. Equity linked securities are privately issued derivative securities which have a return
component based on the performance of a single security, a basket of securities, or an index.
Equity linked securities are primarily used by the Fund as an alternative means to more efficiently
and effectively access the securities market of what is generally an emerging country. To the
extent that the Fund invests in equity linked securities whose return corresponds to the
performance of a foreign securities index or one or more of foreign stocks, investing in equity
linked securities will involve risks similar to the risks of investing in foreign securities. See
Foreign Securities below.
The Fund deposits an amount of cash with its custodian (or broker, if legally permitted) in an
amount near or equal to the selling price of the underlying security in exchange for an equity
linked security. Upon sale, the Fund receives cash from the broker or custodian equal to the value
of the underlying security. Aside from the market risk associated with the underlying security,
there is the risk of default by the other party to the transaction. In the event of insolvency of
the other party, the Fund might be unable to obtain its expected benefit. In addition, while the
Fund will seek to enter into such transactions only with parties which are capable of entering into
closing transactions with the Fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to close
out such a transaction with the other party or obtain an offsetting position with any other party,
at any time prior to the end of the term of the underlying agreement. This may impair the Funds
ability to enter into other transactions at a time when doing so might be advantageous.
Equity linked securities are often used for many of the same purposes as, and share many of the
same risks with, derivative instruments such as options. See Options below. Equity linked
securities may be considered illiquid and thus subject to the Funds restrictions on investments in
illiquid securities. In some instances, investments in equity linked securities may also be subject
to the Funds limitations on investing in investment companies; see Investment Company Securities
below.
EQUITY SECURITIES represent ownership interests in a company, and are commonly called stocks.
Equity
5
securities historically have outperformed most other securities, although their prices can
fluctuate based on changes in a companys financial condition, market conditions and political,
economic or even company-specific news. When a stocks price declines, its market value is lowered
even though the intrinsic value of the company may not have changed. Sometimes factors, such as
economic conditions or political events, affect the value of stocks of companies of the same or
similar industry or group of industries, and may affect the entire stock market.
Types of equity securities include common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities,
warrants, ADRs, EDRs, GDRs, and interests in real estate investment trusts, (for more information
on real estate investment trusts, REITs, see section entitled Real Estate Investment Trusts).
Common stocks, which are probably the most recognized type of equity security, represent an equity
or ownership interest in an issuer and usually entitle the owner to voting rights in the election
of the corporations directors and any other matters submitted to the corporations shareholders
for voting, as well as to receive dividends on such stock. The market value of common stock can
fluctuate widely, as it reflects increases and decreases in an issuers earnings. In the event an
issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of bond owners, other debt holders and
owners of preferred stock take precedence over the claims of common stock owners.
Preferred stocks represent an equity or ownership interest in an issuer but do not ordinarily carry
voting rights, though they may carry limited voting rights. Preferred stocks normally have
preference over the corporations assets and earnings, however. For example, preferred stocks have
preference over common stock in the payment of dividends. Preferred stocks normally pay dividends
at a specified rate. However, preferred stock may be purchased where the issuer has omitted, or is
in danger of omitting, payment of its dividend. Such investments would be made primarily for their
capital appreciation potential. In the event an issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the
claims of bond owners take precedence over the claims of preferred and common stock owners. Certain
classes of preferred stock are convertible into shares of common stock of the issuer. By holding
convertible preferred stock, the Fund can receive a steady stream of dividends and still have the
option to convert the preferred stock to common stock. Preferred stock is subject to many of the
same risks as common stock and debt securities.
Convertible securities are typically preferred stocks or bonds that are exchangeable for a specific
number of another form of security (usually the issuers common stock) at a specified price or
ratio. A convertible security generally entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on
bonds or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is
redeemed, converted or exchanged. A company may issue a convertible security that is subject to
redemption after a specified date, and usually under certain circumstances. A holder of a
convertible security that is called for redemption would be required to tender it for redemption to
the issuer, convert it to the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. The convertible
structure allows the holder of the convertible bond to participate in share price movements in the
companys common stock. The actual return on a convertible bond may exceed its stated yield if the
companys common stock appreciates in value and the option to convert to common stocks becomes more
valuable.
Convertible securities typically pay a lower interest rate than nonconvertible bonds of the same
quality and maturity because of the convertible feature. Convertible securities are also rated
below investment grade (high yield) or are not rated, and are subject to credit risk.
Prior to conversion, convertible securities have characteristics and risks similar to
nonconvertible debt and equity securities. In addition, convertible securities are often
concentrated in economic sectors, which, like the stock market in general, may experience
unpredictable declines in value, as well as periods of poor performance, which may last for several
years. There may be a small trading market for a particular convertible security at any given time,
which may adversely impact market price and the Funds ability to liquidate a particular security
or respond to an economic event, including deterioration of an issuers creditworthiness.
Convertible preferred stocks are nonvoting equity securities that pay a fixed dividend. These
securities have a convertible feature similar to convertible bonds, but do not have a maturity
date. Due to their fixed income features, convertible
6
securities provide higher income potential than the issuers common stock, but typically are more
sensitive to interest rate changes than the underlying common stock. In the event of a companys
liquidation, bondholders have claims on company assets senior to those of shareholders; preferred
shareholders have claims senior to those of common shareholders.
Convertible securities typically trade at prices above their conversion value, which is the current
market value of the common stock received upon conversion, because of their higher yield potential
than the underlying common stock. The difference between the conversion value and the price of a
convertible security will vary depending on the value of the underlying common stock and interest
rates. When the underlying value of the common stocks declines, the price of the issuers
convertible securities will tend not to fall as much because the convertible securitys income
potential will act as a price support. While the value of a convertible security also tends to rise
when the underlying common stock value rises, it will not rise as much because their conversion
value is more narrow. The value of convertible securities also is affected by changes in interest
rates. For example, when interest rates fall, the value of convertible securities may rise because
of their fixed income component.
Warrants are types of securities usually issued with bonds and preferred stock that entitle the
holder to purchase a proportionate amount of common stock at a specified price for a specific
period of time. The prices of warrants do not necessarily move parallel to the prices of the
underlying common stock. Warrants have no voting rights, receive no dividends and have no rights
with respect to the assets of the issuer. If a warrant is not exercised within the specified time
period, it will become worthless and the Fund will lose the purchase price it paid for the warrant
and the right to purchase the underlying security.
Initial Public Offering. The Fund may purchase shares issued as part of, or a short period after, a
companys initial public offering (IPOs), and may at times dispose of those shares shortly after
their acquisition. The Funds purchase of shares issued in IPOs exposes it to the risks associated
with companies that have little operating history as public companies, as well as to the risks
inherent in those sectors of the market where these new issuers operate. The market for IPO issuers
has been volatile, and share prices of newly-public companies have fluctuated significantly over
short periods of time.
Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs). MLPs are limited partnerships in which the common units are
publicly traded. MLP common units are freely traded on a securities exchange or in the
over-the-counter market and are generally registered with the SEC. MLPs often own several
properties or businesses (or own interests) that are related to real estate development and oil and
gas industries, but they also may finance motion pictures, research and development and other
projects. MLPs generally have two classes of owners, the general partner and limited partners. The
general partner is typically owned by a major energy company, an investment fund, the direct
management of the MLP or is an entity owned by one or more of such parties. The general partner may
be structured as a private or publicly traded corporation or other entity. The general partner
typically controls the operations and management of the MLP through an up to 2% equity interest in
the MLP plus, in many cases, ownership of common units and subordinated units. Limited partners own
the remainder of the partnership, through ownership of common units, and have a limited role, if
any, in the partnerships operations and management.
MLPs are typically structured such that common units and general partner interests have first
priority to receive quarterly cash distributions up to an established minimum amount (minimum
quarterly distributions). Common and general partner interests also accrue arrearages in
distributions to the extent the minimum quarterly distribution is not paid. Once common and general
partner interests have been paid, subordinated units receive distributions of up to the minimum
quarterly distribution; however, subordinated units do not accrue arrearages. Distributable cash in
excess of the minimum quarterly distribution paid to both common and subordinated units is
distributed to both common and subordinated units generally on a pro rata basis. The general
partner is also eligible to receive incentive distributions if the general partner operates the
business in a manner that results in distributions paid per common unit surpassing specified target
levels. As the general partner increases cash distributions to the limited partners, the general
partner receives an increasingly higher percentage of the incremental cash distributions. A common
arrangement provides that the general partner can reach a tier
7
where it receives 50% of every incremental dollar paid to common and subordinated unit holders.
These incentive distributions are intended to encourage the general partner to streamline costs,
increase capital expenditures and acquire assets in order to increase the partnerships cash flow
and raise the quarterly cash distribution in order to reach higher tiers. Such results are intended
to benefit all security holders of the MLP, however, such incentive distribution payments give rise
to potential conflicts of interest between the common unit holders and the general partner.
MLP common units represent a limited partnership interest in the MLP. Common units are listed and
traded on U.S. securities exchanges or over-the-counter, with their value fluctuating predominantly
based on prevailing market conditions and the success of the MLP. The Fund may purchase common
units in market transactions as well as directly from the MLP or other parties in private
placements. Unlike owners of common stock of a corporation, owners of common units have limited
voting rights and have no ability to annually elect directors. MLPs generally distribute all
available cash flow (cash flow from operations less maintenance capital expenditures) in the form
of quarterly distributions. Common units, along with general partner units, have first priority to
receive quarterly cash distributions up to the minimum quarterly distribution and have arrearage
rights. In the event of liquidation, common units have preference over subordinated units, but not
debt or preferred units, to the remaining assets of the MLP.
MLP subordinated units are typically issued by MLPs to their original sponsors, such as their
founders, corporate general partners of MLPs, entities that sell assets to the MLP, and investors.
Subordinated units may be purchased directly from these persons as well as newly-issued
subordinated units from MLPs themselves. Subordinated units have similar voting rights as common
units and are generally not publicly traded. Once the minimum quarterly distribution on the common
units, including any arrearages, has been paid, subordinated units receive cash distributions up to
the minimum quarterly distribution prior to any incentive payments to the MLPs general partner.
Unlike common units, subordinated units do not have arrearage rights. In the event of liquidation,
common units and general partner interests have priority over subordinated units. Subordinated
units are typically converted into common units on a one-to-one basis after certain time periods
and/or performance targets have been satisfied. The purchase or sale price of subordinated units is
generally tied to the common unit price less a discount. The size of the discount varies depending
on the likelihood of conversion, the length of time remaining to conversion, the size of the block
purchased relative to trading volumes, and other factors, including smaller capitalization
partnerships or companies potentially having limited product lines, markets or financial resources,
lacking management depth or experience, and being more vulnerable to adverse general market or
economic development than larger more established companies.
General partner interests of MLPs are typically retained by an MLPs original sponsors, such as its
founders, corporate partners, entities that sell assets to the MLP and investors. A holder of
general partner interests can be liable under certain circumstances for amounts greater than the
amount of the holders investment in the general partner interest. General partner interests often
confer direct board participation rights and in many cases, operating control, over the MLP. These
interests themselves are not publicly traded, although they may be owned by publicly traded
entities. General partner interests receive cash distributions, typically 2% of the MLPs aggregate
cash distributions, which are contractually defined in the partnership agreement. In addition,
holders of general partner interests typically hold incentive distribution rights, which provide
them with a larger share of the aggregate MLP cash distributions as the distributions to limited
partner unit holders are increased to prescribed levels. General partner interests generally cannot
be converted into common units. The general partner interest can be redeemed by the MLP if the MLP
unitholders choose to remove the general partner, typically with a supermajority vote by limited
partner unitholders.
Additional risks involved with investing in a MLP are risks associated with the specific industry
or industries in which the partnership invests, such as the risks of investing in real estate, or
oil and gas industries.
Certain MLPs are dependent on their parent companies or sponsors for a majority of their revenues.
Any failure by a MLPs parents or sponsors to satisfy their payments or obligations would impact
the MLPs revenues and cash flows and ability to make distributions.
8
FIXED TIME DEPOSITS are bank obligations payable at a stated maturity date and bearing interest at
a fixed rate. Fixed time deposits may be withdrawn on demand by the investor, but may be subject to
early withdrawal penalties, which vary depending upon market conditions and the remaining maturity
of the obligation. There are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial
interest in a fixed time deposit to a third party, although there is no market for such deposits.
The Fund will not invest in fixed time deposits, which (1) are not subject to prepayment or (2)
provide for withdrawal penalties upon prepayment (other than overnight deposits) if, in the
aggregate, more than 15% of its net assets would be invested in such deposits, repurchase
agreements maturing in more than seven days and other illiquid assets.
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS. The Fund may purchase and sell foreign currency options and foreign
currency futures contracts and related options and may engage in foreign currency transactions
either on a spot (cash) basis at the rate prevailing in the currency exchange market at the time or
through forward currency contracts (forwards) with terms generally of less than one year. The
Fund may engage in these transactions in order to protect against uncertainty in the level of
future foreign exchange rates in the purchase and sale of securities.
The Fund may also use foreign currency options and foreign currency forward contracts to increase
exposure to a foreign currency or to shift exposure to foreign currency fluctuations from one
country to another (as in cross hedging, see below). The Fund will earmark or segregate assets for
any open positions in forwards used for non-hedging purposes and mark to market daily as may be
required under the federal securities laws.
A forward involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which
may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a
price set at the time of the contract. These contracts may be bought or sold to protect the Fund
against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between foreign
currencies and the U.S. dollar or to increase exposure to a particular foreign currency. Many
foreign securities markets do not settle trades within a time frame that would be considered
customary in the U.S. stock market. Therefore, the Fund may engage in forward foreign currency
exchange contracts in order to secure exchange rates for fund securities purchased or sold, but
awaiting settlement. These transactions do not seek to eliminate any fluctuations in the underlying
prices of the securities involved. Instead, the transactions simply establish a rate of exchange
that can be expected when the Fund settles its securities transactions in the future. Forwards
involve certain risks. For example, if the counterparties to the contracts are unable to meet the
terms of the contracts or if the value of the foreign currency changes unfavorably, the Fund could
sustain a loss.
The Fund also may engage in forward foreign currency exchange contracts to protect the value of
specific portfolio positions, which is called position hedging. When engaging in position
hedging, the Fund may enter into forward foreign currency exchange transactions to protect against
a decline in the values of the foreign currencies in which portfolio securities are denominated (or
against an increase in the value of currency for securities that the Fund expects to purchase).
Buying and selling foreign currency exchange contracts involves costs and may result in losses. The
ability of the Fund to engage in these transactions may be limited by tax considerations. Although
these techniques tend to minimize the risk of loss due to declines in the value of the hedged
currency, they tend to limit any potential gain that might result from an increase in the value of
such currency. Transactions in these contracts involve certain other risks. Unanticipated
fluctuations in currency prices may result in a poorer overall performance for the Fund than if it
had not engaged in any such transactions. Moreover, there may be imperfect correlation between the
Funds holdings of securities denominated in a particular currency and forward contracts into which
the Fund enters. Such imperfect correlation may cause the Fund to sustain losses, which will
prevent it from achieving a complete hedge or expose it to risk of foreign exchange loss.
Suitable hedging transactions may not be available in all circumstances and there can be no
assurance that the Fund will engage in such transactions at any given time or from time to time.
Also, such transactions may not be successful and may eliminate any chance for the Fund to benefit
from favorable fluctuations in relevant foreign currencies.
9
Forwards will be used primarily to adjust the foreign exchange exposure of the Fund with a view to
protecting the outlook, and the Fund might be expected to enter into such contracts under the
following circumstances:
LOCK IN. When the Investment Adviser or Subadviser desires to lock in the U.S. dollar price on the
purchase or sale of a security denominated in a foreign currency.
CROSS HEDGE. If a particular currency is expected to decrease against another currency, the Fund
may sell the currency expected to decrease and purchase a currency which is expected to increase
against the currency sold in an amount approximately equal to some or all of the Funds portfolio
holdings denominated in the currency sold.
DIRECT HEDGE. If the Investment Adviser or Subadviser wants to a eliminate substantially all of the
risk of owning a particular currency, and/or if the Investment Adviser or Subadviser thinks that
the Fund can benefit from price appreciation in a given countrys bonds but does not want to hold
the currency, it may employ a direct hedge back into the U.S. dollar. In either case, the Fund
would enter into a forward contract to sell the currency in which a portfolio security is
denominated and purchase U.S. dollars at an exchange rate established at the time it initiated the
contract. The cost of the direct hedge transaction may offset most, if not all, of the yield
advantage offered by the foreign security, but the Fund would benefit from an increase in value of
the bond.
PROXY HEDGE. The Investment Adviser or Subadviser might choose to use a proxy hedge, which may be
less costly than a direct hedge. In this case, the Fund, having purchased a security, will sell a
currency whose value is believed to be closely linked to the currency in which the security is
denominated. Interest rates prevailing in the country whose currency was sold would be expected to
be closer to those in the U.S. and lower than those of securities denominated in the currency of
the original holding. This type of hedging entails greater risk than a direct hedge because it is
dependent on a stable relationship between the two currencies paired as proxies and the
relationships can be very unstable at times.
COSTS OF HEDGING. When the Fund purchases a foreign bond with a higher interest rate than is
available on U.S. bonds of a similar maturity, the additional yield on the foreign bond could be
substantially reduced or lost if the Fund were to enter into a direct hedge by selling the foreign
currency and purchasing the U.S. dollar. This is what is known as the cost of hedging. Proxy
hedging attempts to reduce this cost through an indirect hedge back to the U.S. dollar. It is
important to note that hedging costs are treated as capital transactions and are not, therefore,
deducted from the Funds dividend distribution and are not reflected in its yield. Instead such
costs will, over time, be reflected in the Funds net asset value per share.
TAX CONSEQUENCES OF HEDGING. Under applicable tax law, the Fund may be required to limit its gains
from hedging in foreign currency forwards, futures, and options. Although the Fund is expected to
comply with such limits, the extent to which these limits apply is subject to tax regulations as
yet unissued. Hedging may also result in the application of the mark-to-market and straddle
provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. Those provisions could result in an increase (or decrease)
in the amount of taxable dividends paid by the funds and could affect whether dividends paid by the
Fund are classified as capital gains or ordinary income.
FOREIGN SECURITIES involve additional risks, including foreign currency exchange rate risks,
because they are issued by foreign entities, including foreign governments, banks and corporations
or because they are traded principally overseas. Foreign securities in which the Fund may invest
include foreign entities that are not subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial
reporting standards, practices and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S.
corporations. In addition, there may be less publicly available information about foreign entities.
Foreign economic, political and legal developments, as well as fluctuating foreign currency
exchange rates and withholding taxes, could have more dramatic effects on the value of foreign
securities. For example, conditions within and around foreign countries, such as the possibility of
expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political or social instability, diplomatic developments,
change of government or war could affect the value of foreign investments. Moreover, individual
foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as
growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource
self-sufficiency and balance of payments position.
10
Foreign securities typically have less volume and are generally less liquid and more volatile than
securities of U.S. companies. Fixed commissions on foreign securities exchanges are generally
higher than negotiated commissions on U.S. exchanges, although the Fund will endeavor to achieve
the most favorable overall results on portfolio transactions. There is generally less government
supervision and regulation of foreign securities exchanges, brokers, dealers and listed companies
than in the United States, thus increasing the risk of delayed settlements of portfolio
transactions or loss of certificates for portfolio securities. There may be difficulties in
obtaining or enforcing judgments against foreign issuers as well. Bankruptcy laws in some foreign
countries are sometimes biased to the borrowers and against the creditors. These factors and others
may increase the risks with respect to the liquidity of the Fund, and its ability to meet a large
number of shareholder redemption requests.
Foreign markets also have different clearance and settlement procedures and, in certain markets,
there have been times when settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities
transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Such delays in settlement could
result in temporary periods when a portion of the assets of the Fund is uninvested and no return is
earned thereon. The inability to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems could
cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities. Losses to the Fund arising out of the
inability to fulfill a contract to sell such securities also could result in potential liability
for the Fund.
Investments in the securities of foreign issuers may be made and held in foreign currencies. In
addition, the Fund may hold cash in foreign currencies. These investments may be affected favorably
or unfavorably by changes in currency rates and in exchange control regulations, and may cause the
Fund to incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. The rate of exchange
between the U.S. dollar and other currencies is determined by the forces of supply and demand in
the foreign exchange market as well as by political and economic factors. Changes in the foreign
currency exchange rates also may affect the value of dividends and interest earned, gains and
losses realized on the sale of securities, and net investment income and gains, if any, to be
distributed to shareholders by the Fund.
FORWARD CONTRACTS are sales contracts between a buyer (holding the long position), and the seller
(holding the short position) for an asset with delivery deferred to a future date. The buyer
agrees to pay a fixed price at the agreed future date and the seller agrees to deliver the asset.
The seller hopes that the market price on the delivery date is less than the agreed upon price,
while the buyer hopes for the contrary. The change in value of a forward-based derivative generally
is roughly proportional to the change in value of the underlying asset.
FUTURES CONTRACTS are instruments that represent an agreement between two parties that obligates
one party to buy, and the other party to sell, specific instruments at an agreed-upon price on a
stipulated future date. In the case of futures contracts relating to an index or otherwise not
calling for physical delivery at the close of the transaction, the parties usually agree to deliver
the final cash settlement price of the contract. The Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts
based on securities, securities indices and foreign currencies, interest rates, or any other
futures contracts traded on U.S. exchanges or boards of trade that the Commodities Future Trading
Commission (CFTC) licenses and regulates on foreign exchanges. Consistent with CFTC regulations,
the trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator under
the Commodity Exchange Act and, therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation as a pool
operator under the Commodity Exchange Act. Although positions are usually marked to market on a
daily basis with an intermediary (executing broker) there remains a credit risk with the futures
exchange.
The Fund must maintain a small portion of its assets in cash to process shareholder transactions in
and out of the Fund and to pay its expenses. In order to reduce the effect this otherwise
uninvested cash would have on its performance, the Fund may purchase futures contracts. Such
transactions allow the Funds cash balance to produce a return similar to that of the underlying
security or index on which the futures contract is based. Also, the Fund may purchase or sell
futures contracts on a specified foreign currency to fix the price in U.S. dollars of the foreign
security it has acquired or sold or expects to acquire or sell. The Fund may enter into futures
contracts for other reasons as well. For example, to efficiently change the duration stance of the
Fund by buying and/or selling government bond futures.
11
When buying or selling futures contracts, the Fund must place a deposit with its broker equal to a
fraction of the contract amount. This amount is known as initial margin and must be in the form
of liquid debt instruments, including cash, cash-equivalents and U.S. government securities.
Subsequent payments to and from the broker, known as variation margin may be made daily, if
necessary, as the value of the futures contracts fluctuate. This process is known as
marking-to-market. The margin amount will be returned to the Fund upon termination of the futures
contracts assuming all contractual obligations are satisfied. Because margin requirements are
normally only a fraction of the amount of the futures contracts in a given transaction, futures
trading can involve a great deal of leverage. In order to avoid this, the Fund will earmark or
segregate assets for any outstanding futures contracts as may be required under the federal
securities laws.
While the Fund intends to purchase and sell futures contracts in order to simulate full investment,
there are risks associated with these transactions. Adverse market movements could cause the Fund
to experience substantial losses when buying and selling futures contracts. Of course, barring
significant market distortions, similar results would have been expected if the Fund had instead
transacted in the underlying securities directly. There also is the risk of losing any margin
payments held by a broker in the event of its bankruptcy. Additionally, the Fund incurs transaction
costs (i.e. brokerage fees) when engaging in futures trading. To the extent the Fund also invests
in futures in order to simulate full investment, these same risks apply.
When interest rates are rising or securities prices are falling, the Fund may seek, through the
sale of futures contracts, to offset a decline in the value of their current portfolio securities.
When rates are falling or prices are rising, the Fund, through the purchase of futures contracts,
may attempt to secure better rates or prices than might later be available in the market when they
effect anticipated purchases. Similarly, the Fund may sell futures contracts on a specified
currency to protect against a decline in the value of that currency and their portfolio securities
that are denominated in that currency. The Fund may purchase futures contracts on a foreign
currency to fix the price in U.S. dollars of a security denominated in that currency that the Fund
has acquired or expects to acquire.
Futures contracts normally require actual delivery or acquisition of an underlying security or cash
value of an index on the expiration date of the contract. In most cases, however, the contractual
obligation is fulfilled before the date of the contract by buying or selling, as the case may be,
identical futures contracts. Such offsetting transactions terminate the original contracts and
cancel the obligation to take or make delivery of the underlying securities or cash. There may not
always be a liquid secondary market at the time the Fund seeks to close out a futures position. If
the Fund is unable to close out its position and prices move adversely, the Fund would have to
continue to make daily cash payments to maintain its margin requirements. If the Fund had
insufficient cash to meet these requirements it may have to sell portfolio securities at a
disadvantageous time or incur extra costs by borrowing the cash. Also, the Fund may be required to
make or take delivery and incur extra transaction costs buying or selling the underlying
securities. The Fund seeks to reduce the risks associated with futures transactions by buying and
selling futures contracts that are traded on national exchanges or for which there appears to be a
liquid secondary market.
HYBRID INSTRUMENTS are a type of potentially high-risk derivative that combines a traditional
stock, bond, or commodity with an option or forward contract. Generally, the principal amount,
amount payable upon maturity or redemption, or interest rate of a hybrid is tied (positively or
negatively) to the price of some commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate
or some other economic factor (each a benchmark). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed income
securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid security may be increased or
decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark. An example of a hybrid could be a
bond issued by an oil company that pays a small base level of interest with additional interest
that accrues in correlation to the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level.
Such a hybrid instrument would be a combination of a bond and a call option on oil.
Hybrids can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including
currency hedging, duration management, and increased total return. Hybrids may not bear interest or
pay dividends. The value of a hybrid or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as
a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These
benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity
12
shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid.
Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid could be zero. Thus, an investment in a
hybrid may entail significant market risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a
traditional, U.S. dollar-denominated bond that has a fixed principal amount and pays a fixed rate
or floating rate of interest. The purchase of hybrids also exposes the Fund to the credit risk of
the issuer of the hybrids. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the net asset value of
the Fund. The Fund will not invest more than 5% of its total assets in hybrid instruments.
Certain hybrid instruments may provide exposure to the commodities markets. These are derivative
securities with one or more commodity-linked components that have payment features similar to
commodity futures contracts, commodity options, or similar instruments. Commodity-linked hybrid
instruments may be either equity or debt securities, and are considered hybrid instruments because
they have both security and commodity-like characteristics. A portion of the value of these
instruments may be derived from the value of a commodity, futures contract, index or other economic
variable. The Fund will only invest in commodity-linked hybrid instruments that qualify under
applicable rules of the CFTC for an exemption from the provisions of the CEA.
Certain issuers of structured products such as hybrid instruments may be deemed to be investment
companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Funds investments in these products may be
subject to limits applicable to investments in investment companies and may be subject to
restrictions contained in the 1940 Act.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES generally are any securities that cannot be disposed of promptly and in the
ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued the
instruments. The liquidity of the Funds investments is monitored under the supervision and
direction of the Board of Trustees. Investments currently not considered liquid include repurchase
agreements not maturing within seven days and certain restricted securities. Any security may
become illiquid at times of market dislocation.
MONEY MARKET SECURITIES are high-quality, short term debt securities that may be issued by entities
such as the U.S. government, corporations and financial institutions (like banks). Money market
securities include commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances, notes and time
deposits. Certificates of deposit and time deposits are issued against funds deposited in a banking
institution for a specified period of time at a specified interest rate. Bankers acceptances are
credit instruments evidencing a banks obligation to pay a draft drawn on it by a customer. These
instruments reflect the obligation both of the bank and of the drawer to pay the full amount of the
instrument upon maturity. Commercial paper consists of short term, unsecured promissory notes
issued to finance short term credit needs.
Money market securities pay fixed, variable or floating rates of interest and are generally subject
to credit and interest rate risks. The maturity date or price of and financial assets
collateralizing a security may be structured in order to make it qualify as or act like a money
market security. These securities may be subject to greater credit and interest rate risks than
other money market securities because of their structure. Money market securities may be issued
with puts or sold separately, sometimes called demand features or guarantees, which are agreements
that allow the buyer to sell a security at a specified price and time to the seller or put
provider. When the Fnd buys a put, losses could occur as a result of the costs of the put or if it
exercises its rights under the put and the put provider does not perform as agreed. Standby
commitments are types of puts.
The Fund may keep a portion of its assets in cash for business operations. In order to reduce the
effect this otherwise uninvested cash would have on its performance, the Fund may invest in money
market securities. The Fund may also invest in money market securities to the extent it is
consistent with its investment objective.
NON-PUBLICLY TRADED SECURITIES AND PRIVATE PLACEMENTS. The Fund may invest in securities that are
neither listed on a stock exchange nor traded over-the-counter, including privately placed
securities. Such unlisted securities may involve a higher degree of business and financial risk
that can result in substantial losses. As a result of the absence of a public trading market for
these securities, they may be less liquid than publicly traded securities. Although these
securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales
could be less than
13
those originally paid by the Fund or less than what may be considered the fair value of such
securities. Furthermore, companies whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to
the disclosure and other investor protection requirements which might be applicable if their
securities were publicly traded. If such securities are required to be registered under the
securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being sold, the Fund may be required to bear
the expenses of registration.
NON-TRADITIONAL EQUITY SECURITIES. The Fund may invest in convertible preferred stocks that offer
enhanced yield features, such as Preferred Equity Redemption Cumulative Stock (PERCS), which
provide an investor, such as the Fund, with the opportunity to earn higher dividend income than is
available on a companys common stock. A PERCS is a preferred stock which generally features a
mandatory conversion date, as well as a capital appreciation limit which is usually expressed in
terms of a stated price. Upon the conversion date, most PERCS convert into common stock of the
issuer (PERCS are generally not convertible into cash at maturity). Under a typical arrangement, if
after a predetermined number of years the issuers common stock is trading at a price below that
set by the capital appreciation limit, each PERCS would convert to one share of common stock. If,
however, the issuers common stock is trading at a price above that set by the capital appreciation
limit, the holder of the PERCS would receive less than one full share of common stock. The amount
of that fractional share of common stock received by the PERCS holder is determined by dividing the
price set by the capital appreciation limit of the PERCS by the market price of the issuers common
stock. PERCS can be called at any time prior to maturity, and hence do not provide call protection.
However, if called early, the issuer may pay a call premium over the market price to the investor.
This call premium declines at a preset rate daily, up to the maturity date of the PERCS.
The Fund may also invest in other enhanced convertible securities. These include but are not
limited to ACES (Automatically Convertible Equity Securities), PEPS (Participating Equity Preferred
Stock), PRIDES (Preferred Redeemable Increased Dividend Equity Securities), SAILS (Stock
Appreciation Income Linked Securities), TECONS (Term Convertible Notes), QICS (Quarterly Income
Cumulative Securities), and DECS (Dividend Enhanced Convertible Securities). ACES, PEPS, PRIDES,
SAILS, TECONS, QICS, and DECS all have the following features: they are company-issued convertible
preferred stock; unlike PERCS, they do not have capital appreciation limits; they seek to provide
the investor with high current income, with some prospect of future capital appreciation; they are
typically issued with three- to four-year maturities; they typically have some built-in call
protection for the first two to three years; investors have the right to convert them into shares
of common stock at a preset conversion ratio or hold them until maturity; and upon maturity, they
will automatically convert to either cash or a specified number of shares of common stock.
OPTIONS CONTRACTS generally provide the right to buy or sell a security, commodity, futures
contract or foreign currency in exchange for an agreed upon price. If the right is not exercised
after a specified period, the option expires and the option buyer forfeits the money paid to the
option seller.
A call option gives the buyer the right to buy a specified number of shares of a security at a
fixed price on or before a specified date in the future. For this right, the call option buyer pays
the call option seller, commonly called the call option writer, a fee called a premium. Call option
buyers are usually anticipating that the price of the underlying security will rise above the price
fixed with the call writer, thereby allowing them to profit. If the price of the underlying
security does not rise, the call option buyers losses are limited to the premium paid to the call
option writer. For call option writers, a rise in the price of the underlying security will be
offset in part by the premium received from the call option buyer. If the call option writer does
not own the underlying security, however, the losses that may ensue if the price rises could be
potentially unlimited. If the call option writer owns the underlying security or commodity, this is
called writing a covered call. All call and put options written by the Fund will be covered, which
means that the Fund will own the securities subject to the option so long as the option is
outstanding or the Fund will earmark or segregate assets for any outstanding option contracts.
A put option is the opposite of a call option. It gives the buyer the right to sell a specified
number of shares of a security at a fixed price on or before a specified date in the future. Put
option buyers are usually anticipating a decline in the price of
14
the underlying security, and wish to offset those losses when selling the security at a later date.
All put options the Fund writes will be covered, which means that the Fund will earmark or
segregate cash, U.S. government securities or other liquid securities with a value at least equal
to the exercise price of the put option. The purpose of writing such options is to generate
additional income for the Fund. However, in return for the option premium, the Fund accepts the
risk that it may be required to purchase the underlying securities at a price in excess of the
securities market value at the time of purchase.
The Fund may purchase and write put and call options on any securities in which they may invest or
any securities index or basket of securities based on securities in which they may invest. In
addition, the Fund may purchase and sell foreign currency options and foreign currency futures
contracts and related options. The Fund may purchase and write such options on securities that are
listed on domestic or foreign securities exchanges or traded in the over-the-counter market. Like
futures contracts, option contracts are rarely exercised. Option buyers usually sell the option
before it expires. Option writers may terminate their obligations under a written call or put
option by purchasing an option identical to the one it has written. Such purchases are referred to
as closing purchase transactions. The Fund may enter into closing sale transactions in order to
realize gains or minimize losses on options it has purchased or wrote.
An exchange-traded currency option position may be closed out only on an options exchange that
provides a secondary market for an option of the same series. Although the Fund generally will
purchase or write only those options for which there appears to be an active secondary market,
there is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option or at any
particular time. If the Fund is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction with respect to
options it has written, it will not be able to sell the underlying securities or dispose of assets
earmarked or held in a segregated account until the options expire or are exercised. Similarly, if
the Fund is unable to effect a closing sale transaction with respect to options it has purchased,
it would have to exercise the options in order to realize any profit and will incur transaction
costs upon the purchase or sale of underlying securities.
Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange include the following: (1)
there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; (2) an exchange may impose
restrictions on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; (3) trading halts,
suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of
options; (4) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange;
(5) the facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation (OCC) may not at all times
be adequate to handle current trading volume; or (6) one or more exchanges could, for economic or
other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or
a particular class or series of options), although outstanding options on that exchange that had
been issued by the OCC as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in
accordance with their terms.
The ability to terminate over-the-counter options is more limited than with exchange-traded options
and may involve the risk that broker-dealers participating in such transactions will not fulfill
their obligations. Until such time as the staff of the SEC changes its position, the Fund will
treat purchased over-the-counter options and all assets used to cover written over-the-counter
options as illiquid securities, except that with respect to options written with primary dealers in
U.S. government securities pursuant to an agreement requiring a closing purchase transaction at a
formula price, the amount of illiquid securities may be calculated with reference to a formula the
staff of the SEC approves.
Additional risks are involved with options trading because of the low margin deposits required and
the extremely high degree of leverage that may be involved in options trading. There may be
imperfect correlation between the change in market value of the securities held by the Fund and the
prices of the options, possible lack of a liquid secondary market, and the resulting inability to
close such positions prior to their maturity dates.
The Fund may write or purchase an option only when the market value of that option, when aggregated
with the market value of all other options transactions made on behalf of the Fund, does not exceed
5% of its net assets.
An option contract may be implicitly entered into by purchasing certain securities with built in
options. An example of
15
such would be a reverse floating rate note where the buyer is also selling one or more caps on
short dated interest rates.
PROMISSORY NOTES are written agreements committing the maker or issuer to pay the payee a specified
amount either on demand or at a fixed date in the future, with or without interest. These are
sometimes called negotiable notes or instruments and are subject to credit risk. Bank notes are
notes used to represent obligations issued by banks in large denominations.
REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS (REITS) are pooled investment vehicles, which invest primarily in
income producing real estate or real estate related loans or interests and, in some cases, manage
real estate. REITs are sometimes referred to as equity REITs, mortgage REITs or hybrid REITs. An
equity REIT invests primarily in properties and generates income from rental and lease properties
and, in some cases, from the management of real estate. Equity REITs also offer the potential for
growth as a result of property appreciation and from the sale of appreciated property. Mortgage
REITs invest primarily in real estate mortgages, which may secure construction, development or long
term loans, and derive income for the collection of interest payments. Hybrid REITs may combine the
features of equity REITs and mortgage REITs. REITs are generally organized as corporations or
business trusts, but are not taxed as a corporation if they meet certain requirements of Subchapter
M of the Code. To qualify, a REIT must, among other things, invest substantially all of its assets
in interests in real estate (including other REITs), cash and government securities, distribute at
least 95% of its taxable income to its shareholders and receive at least 75% of that income from
rents, mortgages and sales of property.
Like any investment in real estate, a REITs performance depends on many factors, such as its
ability to find tenants for its properties, to renew leases, and to finance property purchases and
renovations. In general, REITs may be affected by changes in underlying real estate values, which
may have an exaggerated effect to the extent a REIT concentrates its investment in certain regions
or property types. For example, rental income could decline because of extended vacancies,
increased competition from nearby properties, tenants failure to pay rent, or incompetent
management. Property values could decrease because of overbuilding, environmental liabilities,
uninsured damages caused by natural disasters, a general decline in the neighborhood, losses due to
casualty or condemnation, increases in property taxes, or changes in zoning laws. Ultimately, a
REITs performance depends on the types of properties it owns and how well the REIT manages its
properties.
In general, during periods of rising interest rates, REITs may lose some of their appeal for
investors who may be able to obtain higher yields from other income-producing investments, such as
long term bonds. Higher interest rates also mean that financing for property purchases and
improvements is more costly and difficult to obtain. During periods of declining interest rates,
certain mortgage REITs may hold mortgages that mortgagors elect to prepay, which can reduce the
yield on securities issued by mortgage REITs. Mortgage REITs may be affected by the ability of
borrowers to repay debts to the REIT when due and equity REITs may be affected by the ability of
tenants to pay rent.
Like small-cap stocks in general, certain REITs have relatively small market capitalizations and
their securities can be more volatile thanand at times will perform differently fromlarge-cap
stocks. In addition, because small-cap stocks are typically less liquid than large-cap stocks, REIT
stocks may sometimes experience greater share-price fluctuations than the stocks of larger
companies. Further, REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills, have limited
diversification, and are therefore subject to risks inherent in operating and financing a limited
number of projects. By investing in REITs indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder will bear
indirectly a proportionate share of the REITs expenses in addition to their proportionate share of
the Funds expenses. Finally, REITs could possibly fail to qualify for tax-free pass-through of
income under the Code or to maintain their exemptions from registration under the Investment
Company Act of 1940 (1940 Act).
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS are instruments under which a buyer acquires ownership of certain securities
(usually U.S. government securities) from a seller who agrees to repurchase the securities at a
mutually agreed-upon time and price, thereby determining the yield during the buyers holding
period. Any repurchase agreements the Fund enters into will involve the Fund as the buyer and banks
or broker-dealers as sellers. The period of repurchase agreements is usually
16
short - from overnight to one week, although the securities collateralizing a repurchase agreement
may have longer maturity dates. Default by the seller might cause the Fund to experience a loss or
delay in the liquidation of the collateral securing the repurchase agreement. The Fund also may
incur disposition costs in liquidating the collateral. In the event of a bankruptcy or other
default of a repurchase agreements seller, the Fund might incur expenses in enforcing its rights,
and could experience losses, including a decline in the value of the underlying securities and loss
of income. The Fund will make payment under a repurchase agreement only upon physical delivery or
evidence of book entry transfer of the collateral to the account of its custodian bank.
RESTRICTED SECURITIES are securities that are subject to legal restrictions on their sale.
Restricted securities may be considered to be liquid if an institutional or other market exists for
these securities. In making this determination, the Fund, under the direction and supervision of
the Board of Trustees will take into account various factors, including: (1) the frequency of
trades and quotes for the security; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the
security and the number of potential purchasers; (3) dealer undertakings to make a market in the
security; and (4) the nature of the security and marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to
dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer). To the
extent the Fund invests in restricted securities that are deemed liquid, its general level of
illiquidity may be increased if qualified institutional buyers become uninterested in purchasing
these securities.
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS AND MORTGAGE DOLLAR ROLLS may be used by the Fund. The Fund may
engage in reverse repurchase agreements to facilitate portfolio liquidity, a practice common in the
mutual fund industry, or for arbitrage transactions as discussed below. In a reverse repurchase
agreement, the Fund would sell a security and enter into an agreement to repurchase the security at
a specified future date and price. The Fund generally retains the right to interest and principal
payments on the security. If the Fund uses the cash it obtains to invest in other securities, this
may be considered a form of leverage and may expose
the Fund to a greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect of any decrease or increase in the
value on the Funds portfolios securities. Because the Fund receives cash upon entering into a
reverse repurchase agreement, it may be considered a borrowing. When required by guidelines of the
SEC, the Fund will set aside permissible liquid assets earmarked or in a segregated account to
secure its obligations to repurchase the security.
The Fund also may enter into mortgage dollar rolls, in which the Fund would sell MBS for delivery
in the current month and simultaneously contract to purchase substantially similar securities on a
specified future date. While the Fund would forego principal and interest paid on the MBS during
the roll period, the Fund would be compensated by the difference between the current sales price
and the lower price for the future purchase as well as by any interest earned on the proceeds of
the initial sale. The Fund also could be compensated through the receipt of fee income equivalent
to a lower forward price. At the time the Fund would enter into a mortgage dollar roll, it would
set aside permissible liquid assets earmarked or in a segregated account to secure its obligation
for the forward commitment to buy MBS. Mortgage dollar roll transactions may be considered a
borrowing by the Fund.
The mortgage dollar rolls and reverse repurchase agreements entered into by the Fund may be used as
arbitrage transactions in which the Fund will maintain an offsetting position in short duration
investment-grade debt obligations. Since the Fund will receive interest on the securities or
repurchase agreements in which it invests the transaction proceeds, such transactions may involve
leverage. However, since such securities or repurchase agreements will be high quality and short
duration, the Investment Adviser believes that such arbitrage transactions present lower risks to
the Fund than those associated with other types of leverage. There can be no assurance that the
Funds use of the cash it receives from a mortgage dollar roll will provide a positive return.
SECURITIES LENDING of portfolio securities is a common practice in the securities industry. The
Fund will engage in security lending arrangements. For example, the Fund may receive cash
collateral, and it may invest it in short term, interest-bearing obligations, but will do so only
to the extent that it will not lose the tax treatment available to regulated investment companies.
Lending portfolio securities involves risks that the borrower may fail to return the securities or
provide additional collateral. Also, voting rights with respect to the loaned securities may pass
with the lending of the securities.
The Fund may loan portfolio securities to qualified broker-dealers or other institutional investors
provided: (1) the loan is secured continuously by collateral consisting of U.S. government
securities, letters of credit, cash or cash equivalents or other appropriate instruments maintained
on a daily marked-to-market basis in an amount at least equal to the current market value of the
securities loaned; (2) the Fund may at any time call the loan and obtain the return of the
securities loaned; (3) the Fund will receive any interest or dividends paid on the loaned
securities; and (4) the aggregate market value of securities loaned will not at any time exceed
one-third of the total assets of the Fund, including collateral received from the loan (at market
value computed at the time of the loan).
Although voting rights with respect to loaned securities pass to the borrower, the lender retains
the right to recall a security (or terminate a loan) for the purpose of exercising the securitys
voting rights. Efforts to recall such securities promptly may be unsuccessful, especially for
foreign securities or thinly traded securities such as small-cap stocks. In addition, because
recalling a security may involve expenses to the Fund, it is expected that the Fund will do so only
where the items being voted upon are, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser, either material
to the economic value of the security or threaten to materially impact the issuers corporate
governance policies or structure.
SECURITIES OF OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES may be purchased and sold by the Fund and those issued by
foreign investment companies. Mutual funds are registered investment companies, which may issue and
redeem their shares on a continuous basis (open-end mutual funds) or may offer a fixed number of
shares usually listed on an exchange (closed-end mutual funds). Mutual funds generally offer
investors the advantages of diversification and professional investment management, by combining
shareholders money and investing it in various types of securities, such as stocks, bonds and
money market securities. Mutual funds also make various investments and use certain techniques in
order to enhance their performance. These may include entering into delayed-delivery and
when-issued securities transactions or swap agreements; buying and selling futures contracts,
illiquid and restricted securities and repurchase agreements and borrowing or lending money and/or
portfolio securities. The risks of investing in mutual funds generally reflect the risks of the
securities in which the mutual funds invest and the investment techniques they may employ. Also,
mutual funds charge fees and incur operating expenses.
If the Fund decides to purchase securities of other investment companies, the Fund intends to
purchase shares of mutual funds in compliance with the requirements of federal law or any
applicable exemptive relief received from the SEC. Mutual fund investments for the Fund are
currently restricted under federal regulations, and therefore, the extent to which the Fund may
invest in another mutual fund may be limited.
Funds in which the Fund also may invest include unregistered or privately-placed funds, such as
hedge funds and offshore funds. Hedge funds and offshore funds are not registered with the SEC, and
therefore are largely exempt from the regulatory requirements that apply to registered investment
companies (mutual funds). As a result, these types of funds have greater ability to make
investments or use investment techniques, such as leveraging, that can increase investment return
but also may substantially increase the risk of losses. Investments in these funds also may be more
difficult to sell, which could cause losses to the Fund. For example, hedge funds typically require
investors to keep their investment in a hedge fund for some period of time, such as 1 year or more.
This means investors would not be able to sell their shares of a hedge fund until such time had
past, and the investment may be deemed to be illiquid. In addition, because hedge funds may not
value their portfolio holdings on a frequent basis, investments in those hedge funds may be
difficult to price.
SHORT SALES may be used by the Fund as part of its overall portfolio management strategies or to
offset (hedge) a potential decline in the value of a security. The Fund may engage in short sales
that are either against the box or uncovered. A short sale is against the box if at all times
during which the short position is open, the Fund owns at least an equal amount of the securities
or securities convertible into, or has the right to acquire, at no added cost, the securities of
the same issue as the securities that are sold short. A short sale against the box is a taxable
transaction to the Fund with respect to the securities that are sold short. Uncovered short sales
are transactions under which the Fund sells a security it does not own. To complete such
transaction, the Fund may borrow the security through a broker to make
17
delivery to the buyer and, in doing so, the Fund becomes obligated to replace the security borrowed
by purchasing the security at the market price at the time of the replacement. The Fund also may
have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities, which would increase the cost of the security.
In addition, the Fund is often obligated to pay any accrued interest and dividends on the
securities until they are replaced. The proceeds of the short sale position will be retained by the
broker until the Fund replaces the borrowed securities.
The Fund will incur a loss if the price of the security sold short increases between the time of
the short sale and the time the Fund replaces the borrowed security and, conversely, the Fund will
realize a gain if the price declines. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the
transaction costs described above. A short sale creates the risk of an unlimited loss, as the price
of the underlying securities could theoretically increase without limit, thus increasing the cost
of buying those securities to cover the short position. If the Fund sells securities short against
the box, it may protect unrealized gains, but will lose the opportunity to profit on such
securities if the price rises. The successful use of short selling as a hedging strategy may be
adversely affected by imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the security sold
short and the securities being hedged.
The Funds obligation to replace the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale will be
secured by collateral deposited with the broker that consists of cash or other liquid securities.
In addition, the Fund will earmark cash or liquid assets or place in a segregated account an amount
of cash or other liquid assets equal to the difference, if any, between (1) the market value of the
securities sold short, marked-to-market daily, and (2) any cash or other liquid securities
deposited as collateral with the broker in connection with the short sale.
SPREAD TRANSACTIONS may be used for hedging or managing risk. The Fund may purchase covered spread
options from securities dealers. Such covered spread options are not presently exchange-listed or
exchange-traded. The purchase of a spread option gives the Fund the right to put, or sell, a
security that it owns at a fixed dollar spread or fixed yield spread in relation to another
security that the Fund does not own, but which is used as a benchmark. The risk to the Fund in
purchasing covered spread options is the cost of the premium paid for the spread option and any
transaction costs. In addition, there is no assurance that closing transactions will be available.
The purchase of spread options will be used to protect the Fund against adverse changes in
prevailing credit quality spreads, i.e., the yield spread between high quality and lower quality
securities. Such protection is only provided during the life of the spread option.
SWAP AGREEMENTS are privately negotiated over-the-counter derivative products in which two parties
agree to exchange payment streams calculated in relation to a rate, index, instrument or certain
securities (referred to as the underlying) and a predetermined amount (referred to as the
notional amount). The underlying for a swap may be an interest rate (fixed or floating), a
currency exchange rate, a commodity price index, a credit derivative contract (single name or
multiname or index), a security, group of securities or a securities index, a combination of any of
these, or various other rates, assets or indices. Swap agreements generally do not involve the
delivery of the underlying or principal, and a partys obligations generally are equal to only the
net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions
held by each party to the swap agreement.
Swap agreements can be structured to increase or decrease the Funds exposure to long or short term
interest rates, corporate borrowing rates and other conditions, such as changing security prices
and inflation rates. They also can be structured to increase or decrease the Funds exposure to
specific issuers or specific sectors of the bond market such as mortgage securities. For example,
if the Fund agreed to pay a longer-term fixed rate in exchange for a shorter-term floating rate
while holding longer-term fixed rate bonds, the swap would tend to decrease the Funds exposure to
longer-term interest rates. Swap agreements tend to increase or decrease the overall volatility of
the Funds investments and its share price and yield. Changes in interest rates, or other factors
determining the amount of payments due to and from the Fund, can be the most significant factors in
the performance of a swap agreement. If a swap agreement calls for payments from the Fund, the Fund
must be prepared to make such payments when they are due. In order to help minimize risks, the Fund
will earmark or segregate appropriate assets for any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed under the
terms of a swap agreement entered into on a net basis. All other swap agreements will require the
Fund to earmark or segregate assets in the amount of the accrued amounts owed under the swap. The
Fund could sustain losses if a counterparty does not
18
perform as agreed under the terms of the swap. The Fund will enter into swap agreements with
counterparties deemed creditworthy by the Investment Adviser.
In addition, the Fund may invest in swaptions, which are privately-negotiated option-based
derivative products. Swaptions give the holder the right to enter into a swap. The Fund may use a
swaption in addition to or in lieu of a swap involving a similar rate or index.
For purposes of applying the Funds investment policies and restrictions (as stated in the
prospectus and this SAI) swap agreements are generally valued by the Fund at market value. In the
case of a credit default swap sold by the Fund (i.e., where the Fund is selling credit default
protection), however, the Fund will generally value the swap at its notional amount. The manner in
which certain securities or other instruments are valued by the Fund for purposes of applying
investment policies and restrictions may differ from the manner in which those investments are
valued by other types of investors.
TEMPORARY DEFENSIVE STRATEGIES are strategies the Fund may take for temporary or defensive
purposes. The investment strategies for the Fund are those that the Fund uses during normal
circumstances. pDuring unusual economic or market conditions or for temporary defensive or
liquidity purposes, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash, money market instruments,
repurchase agreements and other short term obligations that would not ordinarily be consistent with
the Funds objectives. The Fund will do so only if the Investment
Adviser or Subadviser believes that the risk of loss outweighs the opportunity for capital gains or
higher income. When the Fund engages in such activities, it may not achieve its investment
objective.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES are issued by the U.S. Treasury or issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities. Not all U.S. government securities are
backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Some U.S. government securities, such as
those issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, the Student Loan Marketing Association (SLMA or Sallie
Mae), and the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLB), are supported by a line of credit the issuing entity
has with the U.S. Treasury. Others are supported solely by the credit of the issuing agency or
instrumentality such as obligations issued by the Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation
(FFCB). There can be no assurance that the U.S. government will provide financial support to U.S.
government securities of its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so under
law. U.S. government securities, including U.S. Treasury securities, are among the safest
securities, however, not unlike other debt securities, they are still sensitive to interest rate
changes, which will cause their yields and prices to fluctuate.
On September 7, 2008, the U.S. Treasury announced a federal takeover of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac,
placing the two federal instrumentalities in conservatorship. Under the takeover, the U.S. Treasury
agreed to acquire $1 billion of senior preferred stock of each instrumentality and obtained
warrants for the purchase of common stock of each instrumentality. Under this agreement, the U.S.
Treasury has pledged to provide up to $100 billion per instrumentality as needed, including the
contribution of cash capital to the instrumentalities in the event their liabilities exceed their
assets. This is intended to ensure that the instrumentalities maintain a positive net worth and
meet their financial obligations preventing mandatory triggering of receivership. Additionally, the
U.S. Treasury has implemented a temporary program to purchase new mortgage-backed securities issued
by the instrumentalities. This is intended to create more affordable mortgage rates for homeowners,
enhance the liquidity of the mortgage market and potentially maintain or increase the value of
existing mortgage-backed securities. The program expires in December 2009. No assurance can be
given that the U.S. Treasury initiatives will be successful.
19
INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS
The following investment limitations may be changed
only by vote of a majority of the Funds
outstanding voting securities.
The Fund may not:
1) |
|
Concentrate investments in a particular industry or group of industries, as concentration is
defined under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as
such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
|
2) |
|
Purchase or sell commodities or real estate, except to the extent permitted (or not
prohibited) under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption
therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to
time. |
|
3) |
|
Make loans to other persons, except to the extent permitted (or not prohibited) under the
1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute,
rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
|
4) |
|
Borrow money, except to the extent permitted (or not prohibited) under the 1940 Act, the
rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or
regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
|
5) |
|
Issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted (or not prohibited) under the 1940
Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or
regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
|
6) |
|
Underwrite securities issued by other persons, except to the extent permitted (or not
prohibited) under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption
therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to
time. |
|
7) |
|
Purchase securities of an issuer, except as consistent with the maintenance of its status as
an open-end diversified company under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any
exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from
time to time |
The following descriptions of the 1940 Act may assist investors in understanding the above policies
and restrictions.
Diversification. Under the 1940 Act and the rules, regulations and interpretations
thereunder, a diversified company, as to 75% of its total assets, may not purchase securities of
any issuer (other than obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government or its agencies, or
instrumentalities or securities of other investment companies) if, as a result, more than 5% of its
total assets would be invested in the securities of such issuer, or more than 10% of the issuers
voting securities would be held by the Fund.
Borrowing. The 1940 Act restricts an investment company from borrowing (including pledging,
mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in excess of 33 1/3% of its total assets (not including
temporary borrowings not in excess of 5% of its total assets). Transactions that are fully
collateralized in a manner that does not involve the prohibited issuance of a senior security
within the meaning of Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act, shall not be regarded as borrowings for the
purposes of the Funds investment restriction.
Concentration. The SEC has defined concentration as investing 25% or more of an investment
companys total assets in an industry or group of industries, with certain exceptions. For purposes
of the Funds concentration policy, (i) financial service companies will be classified according to
the types of services; for example, insurance, commercial banks,
20
mortgages, and diversified finance will each be considered a separate industry; (ii) energy and
natural resources companies will be classified according to the types of products and services; for
example, crude oil, petroleum, natural gas, precious metals and mining will each be considered a
separate industry.
Lending. Under the 1940 Act, an investment company may only make loans if expressly
permitted by its investment policies.
Real Estate. The 1940 Act does not directly restrict an investment companys ability to
invest in real estate, but does require that every investment company have a fundamental investment
policy governing such investments. The Fund has adopted a fundamental policy that would permit
direct investment in real estate. However, the Fund has a non-fundamental investment limitation
that prohibits it from investing directly in real estate. This non-fundamental policy may be
changed only by vote of the Funds Board of Trustees.
Senior Securities. Senior securities may include any obligation or instrument issued by an
investment company evidencing indebtedness. The 1940 Act generally prohibits the Fund from issuing
senior securities, although it provides allowances for certain borrowings and certain other
investments, such as short sales, reverse repurchase agreements, firm commitment agreements and
standby commitments, when such investments are covered or with appropriate earmarking or
segregation of assets to cover such obligations.
Underwriting. Under the 1940 Act, underwriting securities involves an investment company
purchasing securities directly from an issuer for the purpose of selling (distributing) them or
participating in any such activity either directly or indirectly.
The following are non-fundamental investment policies and restrictions, and may be changed by the
board of trustees.
The Fund may not:
1) |
|
Invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. |
|
2) |
|
Purchase securities of other investment companies, except as permitted by the 1940 Act, the
rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or
regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
|
3) |
|
Sell securities short unless it owns the security or the right to obtain the security or
equivalent securities, or unless it covers such short sale as required by current SEC rules
and interpretations (transactions in futures contracts, options and other derivative
instruments are not considered selling securities short). |
|
4) |
|
Purchase securities on margin, except such short term credits as may be necessary for the
clearance of purchases and sales of securities and provided that margin deposits in connection
with futures contracts, options on futures or other derivative instruments shall not
constitute purchasing securities on margin. |
|
5) |
|
Borrow money except that the Fund may (i) borrow money from banks or through an interfund
lending facility, if any, only for temporary or emergency purposes (and not for leveraging)
and (ii) engage in reverse repurchase agreements with any party; provided that (i) and (ii) in
combination do not exceed 33 1/3% of its total assets (any borrowings that come to exceed this
amount will be reduced to the extent necessary to comply with the limitation within three
business days). |
|
6) |
|
Lend any security or make any other loan if, as a result, more than 33 1/3% of its total
assets would be lent to other parties (this restriction does not apply to purchases of debt
securities or repurchase agreements). |
21
7) |
|
Purchase or sell commodities, commodity contracts or real estate, including interests in real
estate limited partnerships, provided that the Fund may (i) purchase securities of companies
that deal in real estate or interests therein (including REITs), (ii) purchase or sell futures
contracts, options contracts, equity index participations and index participation contracts,
and (iii) purchase securities of companies that deal in precious metals or interests therein. |
Policies and investment limitations that state a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested
in a security or other asset, or that set forth a quality standard shall be measured immediately
after and as a result of the Funds acquisition of such security or asset, unless otherwise noted.
Except with respect to limitations on borrowing and futures and option contracts, any subsequent
change in net assets or other circumstances does not require the Fund to sell an investment if it
could not then make the same investment. With respect to the limitation on illiquid securities, in
the event that a subsequent change in net assets or other circumstances cause the Fund to exceed
its limitation, the Fund will take steps to bring the aggregate amount of illiquid instruments back
within the limitations as soon as reasonably practicable.
The phrase shareholder approval as used in the Prospectus and herein, and the phrase vote of a
majority of the outstanding voting securities, as used herein, means the affirmative vote of the
lesser of (1) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of a class, the Fund or the Trust, as the
case may be, or (2) 67% or more of the shares of a class, the Fund or the Trust, as the case may
be, present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting
in person or by proxy.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
A change in securities held by the Fund is known as portfolio turnover and almost always
involves the payment by the Fund of brokerage commissions or dealer markup and other transaction
costs on the sale of securities as well as on the reinvestment of the proceeds in other securities.
Portfolio turnover is not a limiting factor with respect to investment decisions.
As disclosed in the Prospectus, high portfolio turnover involves correspondingly greater
brokerage commissions and other transaction costs, which will be borne directly by the Fund, and
could involve realization of capital gains that would be taxable when distributed to shareholders
of the Fund. To the extent that portfolio turnover results in the realization of net short-term
capital gains, such gains are ordinarily taxed to shareholders at ordinary income tax rates.
INCOME, DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAX STATUS
This discussion of federal income tax consequences is based on Subchapter M of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code) and the regulations issued thereunder as in effect on
the date of this Statement of Additional Information. New legislation, as well as administrative
changes or court decisions, may significantly change the conclusions expressed herein, and may have
a retroactive effect with respect to the transaction contemplated herein.
The tax status of the Fund and the distributions which it may make are summarized in the
Prospectus under the headings Distributions and Taxes. The Fund intends to qualify each year as
a regulated investment company (RIC) under the Code. In order to qualify as a RIC and to qualify
for the special tax treatment accorded RICs and their shareholders, the Fund must, among other
things: (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect
to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or
foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or
forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or
currencies and net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership; (b)
diversify its holdings so that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, (i) at least 50%
of the value of its total assets consists of cash, cash items, U.S. Government securities,
securities of other RICs or other securities limited generally with respect to any one issuer to a
value not more than 5% of the value of the total assets of the Fund and not more than 10% of the
outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its total
assets is invested in the securities (other than U.S. Government securities or securities of other
22
RICs) of any one issuer, of two or more issuers of which the Fund owns at least 20% of the
voting power of each issuer and that are engaged in the same, similar, or related businesses, or
the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships; and (c) distribute with
respect to each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its taxable net investment income, its net
tax-exempt income (if any), and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net
long-term capital losses for such year. To the extent the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC,
the Fund will not be subject to federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form
of dividends or capital gain distributions.
If the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC accorded special tax treatment in any taxable year, the
Fund will be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from
earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term
capital gains, will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Subject to certain limitations,
such distributions should qualify for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders
and for the lower tax rates applicable to qualified dividend income for individual shareholders. In
addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and
interest and make substantial distributions before requalifying as a RIC that is accorded special
tax treatment.
In order to avoid an excise tax imposed on certain underdistributed amounts, the Fund must
distribute prior to each calendar year end without regard to the Funds fiscal year end (i) 98% of
the Funds ordinary income, (ii) 98% of the Funds capital gain net income, if any, realized in the
one-year period ending on October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted and so elects), and (iii)
100% of any undistributed income from prior years. A dividend paid to shareholders by the Fund in
January of a year is generally deemed to have been paid by the Fund on December 31 of the preceding
year, if the dividend was declared and payable to shareholders of record on a date in October,
November or December of that preceding year.
The Fund may be subject to foreign withholding taxes on income and gains derived from foreign
investments. Such taxes would reduce the yield on the Funds investments, but, as discussed in the
Funds Prospectus, may in some situations be taken as either a deduction or a credit by U.S.
shareholders. Investment by the Fund in certain passive foreign investment companies could
subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax or other charge on distributions received from, or on
the sale of its investment in, such a company. Such a tax cannot be eliminated by making
distributions to Fund shareholders. The Fund may avoid this tax by making an election to mark
certain of such securities to the market annually. Alternatively, where it is in a position to do
so, the Fund may elect to treat a passive foreign investment company as a qualified electing
fund, in which case different rules will apply, although the Fund generally does not expect to be
in the position to make such elections.
For federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally taxable as
ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned
the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her
shares. Distributions of net capital gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for
more than one year and that are properly designated by the Fund as capital gain dividends will be
taxable as long-term capital gains. Distributions of gains from the sale of investments that the
Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. The dividends-received
deduction for corporations will generally be available to corporate shareholders with respect to
their receipt of the Funds dividends from investment income to the extent derived from dividends
received by the Fund from domestic corporations, provided the Fund and the shareholder each meet
the relevant holding period requirements.
For taxable years beginning on or before December 31, 2010, distributions of investment income
designated by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be taxed in the hands of
individuals at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain. In order for some portion of the
dividends received by Fund shareholder to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding
period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend paying stocks in its
portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the
Funds shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (1) if the dividend is
received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period
beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with
respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days
23
during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the
recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related
payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the
recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the
limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a
foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty
with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation
readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States), or (b) treated as a
foreign personal holding company, foreign investment company, or passive foreign investment
company.
If the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund during any taxable year are 95% or
more of its gross income, then 100% of the Funds dividends (other than properly designated capital
gain dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, the
only gain included in the term gross income is the excess of net short-term capital gain over net
long-term capital loss. In general, distributions of investment income designated by the Fund as
derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a
shareholder taxed as an individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other
requirements described above with respect to the Funds shares.
Distributions are taxable to shareholders even if they are paid from income or gains earned by
the Fund before a shareholders investment (and thus were included in the price the shareholder
paid). Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or in the form of
additional shares of the Fund to which the distribution relates. Any gain resulting from the sale
or exchange of Fund shares generally will be taxable as capital gains.
Long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals have been temporarily reducedin
general, to 15% with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate bracketsfor taxable
years beginning on or before December 31, 2010.
Dividends and distributions on the Funds shares are generally subject to federal income tax
as described herein, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a
return of a particular shareholders investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect
of shares purchased at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either
unrealized, or realized but not distributed.
Certain tax-exempt organizations or entities may not be subject to federal income tax on
dividends or distributions from the Fund. Each organization or entity should review its own
circumstances and the federal tax treatment of its income.
Under current law, the Fund is generally required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a
percentage of the taxable dividends and other distributions paid to and proceeds of share sales,
exchanges or redemptions made by any individual shareholder who fails to furnish the Fund with a
correct taxpayer identification number, who has underreported income in the past or fails to
provide certain certifications. However, the general backup withholding rules set forth above will
not apply to a shareholder so long as the shareholder furnishes the Fund with the appropriate
certification required by the Internal Revenue Service. The backup withholding tax rate is 28% for
amounts paid through 2010. The backup withholding rate reductions will be 31% for amounts paid
after December 31, 2010.
In order for a foreign investor to qualify for exemption from (or reduced rates for)
withholding tax under income tax treaties, the foreign investor must comply with special
certification and filing requirements. Foreign investors in the Fund should consult their tax
advisers in this regard.
The Funds transactions in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward
contracts, straddles and certain foreign currencies will be subject to special tax rules (including
mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules), the effect of which
may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, cause adjustments in the holding
periods of the Funds securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains and
convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect
the amount, timing
24
and character of distributions to shareholders.
Certain transactions effectively insulating the Fund from substantially all risk of loss and
all opportunity for gain in an appreciated financial position are treated as constructive sales of
those positions for federal income tax purposes. Short sales, swap contracts, and forward or
futures contracts to sell the appreciated position, or one or more other transactions that have
substantially the same effect as those transactions as determined under regulations, are treated as
constructive sales for this purpose. The Fund that owns an appreciated financial position that
enters into such a transaction generally recognizes gain for tax purposes prior to the generation
of cash by such activities, which may require the Fund to sell assets to meet its distribution
requirement.
THE TAX DISCUSSION SET FORTH ABOVE IS A SUMMARY INCLUDED FOR GENERAL INFORMATION PURPOSES
ONLY. EACH SHAREHOLDER IS ADVISED TO CONSULT HIS OR HER OWN TAX ADVISER WITH RESPECT TO THE
SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES TO HIM OR HER OF AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND, INCLUDING THE EFFECT AND
APPLICABILITY OF STATE, LOCAL, FOREIGN, AND OTHER TAX LAWS AND THE POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN
FEDERAL OR OTHER TAX LAWS. THIS DISCUSSION IS NOT INTENDED, AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED, TO BE A
SUBSTITUTE FOR CAREFUL TAX PLANNING.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Laudus Trust. The Trustees oversee the general conduct of the Funds business. Certain
information concerning the Trustees is set forth below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
Name, Address1 and |
|
|
|
Portfolios |
|
|
Year of Birth; (Term |
|
Principal |
|
in Fund |
|
|
of Office and Length |
|
Occupation(s) During |
|
Complex |
|
Other Directorships Held by |
of Time Served2) |
|
Past Five Years |
|
Overseen |
|
Trustee |
Independent Trustees: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mariann Byerwalter 3
1960 (1/04-present) |
|
Chairman of JDN
Corporate Advisory LLC. |
|
___4 |
|
Board 1 Director, Redwood Trust, Inc.
(mortgage finance).
Board 2 Director, PMI Group, Inc. (mortgage insurance). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
William A. Hasler 3
1941
(1/04-present) |
|
Dean Emeritus of the
Haas School of
Business at the
University of
California, Berkeley.
Until February 2004,
Co-Chief Executive
Officer, Aphton
Corporation
(bio-pharmaceuticals). |
|
___4 |
|
Board 1 Director,
Mission West Properties
(commercial real estate).
Board 2 Director, TOUSA
(home building).
Board 3 Director, Harris-Stratex Networks (a network equipment
corporation).
Board 4 Director, Genitope Corp.
(bio-pharmaceuticals).
|
25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
Name, Address1 and |
|
|
|
Portfolios |
|
|
Year of Birth; (Term |
|
Principal |
|
in Fund |
|
|
of Office and Length |
|
Occupation(s) During |
|
Complex |
|
Other Directorships Held by |
of Time Served2) |
|
Past Five Years |
|
Overseen |
|
Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Board 5 Director, Ditech
Networks (voice
communications technology)
Board 6 Rubicon Limited
(manufacturing) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nils H. Hakansson 3
1937
(3/90-present)
Chairman, Audit and Compliance
Committee |
|
Sylvan C. Coleman
Professor of Finance
and Accounting,
Emeritus, Haas School
of Business,
University of
California, Berkeley
(since 2003). Mr.
Hakansson was also a
Professor of Finance
and Accounting, Haas
School of Business,
University of
California, Berkeley
(July 1969 to January
2003).
|
|
___5
|
|
None. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interested Trustees: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Randall W. Merk6
1954
(6/06-present) |
|
Executive Vice
President and
President, Investment
Management Services,
Charles Schwab & Co.,
Inc.; Executive Vice
President, Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
(2002 present);
President and Chief
Executive Officer,
Charles Schwab
Investment Management,
Inc. (2007-present);
Director, Charles
Schwab Asset
Management (Ireland)
Limited and Charles
Schwab Worldwide Funds
PLC. From September
2002 to July 2004,
Chief Executive
Officer and President,
Charles Schwab
Investment Management,
Inc. and Executive
Vice President,
Charles Schwab & Co.,
Inc.
|
|
___5
|
|
None. |
|
|
|
1 |
|
The mailing address of each of the Trustees is c/o Laudus Trust, 101 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, CA 94104. |
|
2 |
|
Each Trustee shall hold office until the election and qualification of his or her
successor, or until he or she dies, resigns or is removed. The Laudus Funds retirement policy
requires that independent trustees retire by December 31 of the year in which |
26
|
|
|
|
|
that turn 72; provided that, the full Board may agree
to allow an independent trustee to continue to serve
for an additional one-year period after his/her
scheduled retirement date. |
|
3 |
|
Member of the Audit Committee. |
|
4 |
|
This number includes all registered investment companies included in the Fund Complex
(Laudus Trust, Laudus Institutional Trust (formerly known as Laudus Variable Insurance Trust),
The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, and Schwab
Capital Trust) as of ______, 2009. |
|
5 |
|
This number includes all registered investment companies included in the Laudus Trust
and Laudus Institutional Trust (collectively Laudus Funds), each of which
is part of the Fund Complex. As of ______, 2009, the Laudus Funds, in
the aggregate, consisted of ___ operational funds. |
|
6 |
|
Mr. Merk is an interested Trustee because he owns stock of The Charles Schwab
Corporation, the parent company of the adviser. |
Trustee Committees
The Board of Trustees has established certain committees and adopted Committee charters with
respect to those committees, each as described below:
The Trust has a standing Audit and Compliance Committee (formerly the Audit Committee).
The members of the Audit and Compliance Committee are identified above. The function of
the Audit and Compliance Committee is to provide oversight responsibility for the
integrity of the Trusts financial reporting processes and compliance policies, procedures
and processes, and for the Trusts overall system of internal controls. The charter
directs that the Audit and Compliance Committee must meet four times annually, with
additional meetings as the Audit and Compliance Committee deems appropriate. The current
Audit and Compliance Committee and its predecessor met times during the fiscal year
ended March 31, 2009.
The Trust also has a Nominating Committee (formerly a function of the Governance
Committee, which included the Nominating Committee for the period from September 2006 to
September 2007) that is composed of all the Independent Trustees, which meets as often as
deemed appropriate by the Nominating Committee for the primary purpose of selecting and
nominating candidates to serve as members of the Board of Trustees. There are no specific
procedures in place to consider nominees recommended by shareholders, but such nominees
would be considered if such nominations were submitted in accordance with Rule 14a-8 of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in conjunction with a shareholder meeting to consider
the election of Trustees. The charter directs that the Nominating Committee meets at such
times and with such frequency as is deemed necessary or appropriate by the Nominating
Committee. The Nominating Committee did not meet during the fiscal year ended March 31,
2009.
27
The following table provides each Trustees equity ownership of the Fund and ownership of all
registered investment companies overseen by each Trustee in the Family of Investment Companies as
of December 31, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of |
|
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities |
|
Equity Securities in the Family |
Name of Trustee |
|
in the Fund |
|
of Investment Companies7 |
Independent Trustees: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mariann Byerwalter
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$0 |
William A. Hasler
|
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$0 |
Nils H. Hakansson |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$10,001 - $50,000 |
Interested Trustee: |
|
| |
| |
|
Randall W. Merk |
|
$ |
0 |
|
|
$50,001 - $100,000 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
As of December 31, 2008 the Family of Investment Companies consisted of 13 operational
series of the Laudus Trust and Laudus Institutional Trust. |
28
Certain information concerning the Trusts officers is set forth below:
|
|
|
|
|
Name,
Address8 and Year of |
|
|
|
|
Birth; (Term of Office9 and |
|
|
|
Principal Occupation During |
Length of Time Served) |
|
Position with the Trust |
|
Past Five Years |
Jeffrey Mortimer
1963
(3/08-present, President and CEO)
(04/08-present, CIO)
|
|
President, Chief
Executive Officer and
Chief Investment
Officer
|
|
Senior Vice President and
Chief Investment Officer,
Charles Schwab Investment
Management, Inc., and
Schwab Funds. Prior to
May 2004, Vice President
and Sr. Portfolio Manager,
Charles Schwab Investment
Management, Inc. |
|
|
|
|
|
George Pereira
1964
(6/06 present)
|
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer,
Charles Schwab Investment
Management, Inc.;
Treasurer and Principal
Financial Officer, Schwab
Funds; Director, Charles
Schwab Worldwide Funds,
PLC and Charles Schwab
Asset Management (Ireland)
Ltd. Through June 2007,
Chief Financial Officer,
Mutual Fund Division, UST
Advisers, Inc., and
Treasurer, Chief Financial
Officer and Chief
Accounting Officer,
Excelsior Funds, Inc.,
Excelsior Tax-Exempt
Funds, Inc., and Excelsior
Trust Inc.; From 12/99 to
11/04: Senior Vice
President, Financial
Reporting, Charles Schwab
& Co., Inc. |
|
|
|
|
|
Catherine MacGregor
1964
(12/05 present)
|
|
Chief Legal Officer,
Vice President and Clerk |
|
Vice President, Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc. and
Charles Schwab
Investment Management,
Inc.; since 2006, Chief
Counsel, Laudus Trust and
Laudus Variable Insurance
Trust; Vice President,
Schwab Funds; until July
2005, Senior Associate,
Paul Hastings Janofsky &
Walker LLP. |
|
|
|
|
|
Randall Fillmore
1960
(9/04-present)
|
|
Chief Compliance
Officer
|
|
Senior Vice President and
Chief Compliance Officer,
Charles Schwab Investment
Management, Inc.; Senior
Vice President, Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
Through June, 2007, Chief
Compliance Officer,
Excelsior Funds Inc.,
Excelsior Tax-Exempt
Funds, Inc., and Excelsior
Funds Trust. |
|
|
|
|
|
Daniel Kern
1961
(3/05-present)
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Vice President, Investment
Management Services.
Until September 2005,
Assistant Treasurer,
Laudus Trust and Laudus
Variable Insurance Trust.
Until December 2004, Vice
President, Internal Audit,
Charles Schwab
Corporation. |
|
|
|
|
|
Michael Haydel
1972
(6/05-present)
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Vice President, Asset
Management Client
Services, Charles Schwab &
Co., Inc. Until March
2004, Director, Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc. |
|
|
|
8 |
|
The mailing address of each of the officers is c/o Laudus Trust, 101 Montgomery
Street, San Francisco, CA 94104. |
|
9 |
|
There is no stated term of office for the officers of the Trust. |
29
Ms. MacGregor, and Messrs. Mortimer, Pereira, Fillmore, Kern, and Haydel, each being an
employee of Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. or its affiliates, will each benefit
indirectly from the management fees paid by the Trust to Charles Schwab Investment Management,
Inc., but receive no compensation from the Trust.
Trustee Compensation.
Interested Trustees and officers of the Trust do not receive compensation from the Trust. The
Trust pays each Independent Trustee aggregate compensation of $55,000 per year. This sum includes a
quarterly retainer fee of $8,788 and an additional $3,790 for each regular meeting attended.
In addition, a retirement plan has been instituted for all of the Independent Trustees of the
Trust and Trustees of the Laudus Institutional Trust (the Retirement Plan). Under the terms of
the Retirement Plan, upon retirement or other termination from service from the Trust and Laudus
Institutional Trust (other than termination for cause), a retiring Independent Trustee who has
served as Independent Trustee for at least five years shall be paid a lump sum cash payment (the
Retirement Payment). The Retirement Payment shall be equal to $10,000 for each year that the
Trustee has served as an Independent Trustee of the Trust and the Laudus Institutional Trust,
including years of service prior to the adoption of the Retirement Plan. However, each Independent
Trustee is permitted to make a one-time election to have the $10,000 attributable to service for
the coming year adjusted up or down at the end of each subsequent year based on the unweighted
average performance of Institutional Shares of each fund of the Trust and the sole series of the
Laudus Institutional Trust that is in operation for all of such year. Each Independent Trustee also
was given the opportunity to make a one-time election to have previously accrued benefits fluctuate
beginning April 1, 2005 based on performance of the Funds as described in the previous sentence. As
a result, the amount of the Retirement Payment payable to any Independent Trustee may increase or
decrease based upon performance of the Funds. The portion of the total Retirement Payment owed to
an Independent Trustee upon his or her retirement that is payable by any fund will be determined
based on the relative net assets of the funds of the Trust in operation on the date of the
Independent Trustees retirement.
Effective June 28, 2006, the Retirement Plan terminated with respect to new Participants,
including Independent Trustees of the Trust first elected by shareholder vote on June 26, 2006.
With respect to Participants prior to June 26, 2006 (a Current Participant), the Account Balance
of each Current Participant under the Plan was frozen at the value determined as of September 29,
2006, except that each Account Balance was credited with an amount equal to one-half of the amount
that would be credited to such Account Balance as of the last day of the Plan Year ending March 31,
2007. The terms of the Plan, including without limitation provisions relating to vesting and
payment upon termination of service, remain in full force and effect.
The total compensation accrued and payable to, as well as the benefits accrued under the
Retirement Plan by, the Independent Trustees by the Trust and by the Fund Complex for the fiscal
year ended March 31, 2009, is shown in the table below.
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
PENSION OR |
|
|
|
|
|
COMPENSATION |
|
|
|
|
|
|
RETIREMENT |
|
|
|
|
|
FROM |
|
|
AGGREGATE |
|
BENEFITS |
|
ESTIMATED |
|
REGISTRANT |
|
|
COMPENSATION |
|
ACCRUED AS |
|
ANNUAL |
|
AND FUND |
|
|
FROM |
|
PART OF FUND |
|
BENEFITS UPON |
|
COMPLEX10 PAID |
NAME OF PERSON |
|
REGISTRANT |
|
EXPENSES |
|
RETIREMENT |
|
TO DIRECTORS11 |
TRUSTEES: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mariann Byerwalter |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
William A. Hasler |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Nils H. Hakansson |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
30
|
|
|
10 |
|
As of March 31, 2008, the Fund Complex consisted of 79 funds, which included the 11
operational series of the Laudus Trust, Laudus Institutional Trust and 68 operational series
of the Schwab Funds. |
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
ADVISORY AGREEMENTS
After their initial two year terms, the continuation of the Funds advisory agreements must be
specifically approved at least annually (1) by the vote of the Trustees or by a vote of the
shareholders of the Fund, and (2) by the vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to
the investment advisory agreements or interested persons of any party (the Independent
Trustees), cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
After
their initial two year terms, each year, the Board of Trustees will call and hold one or
more meetings to decide whether to renew the advisory agreement between Laudus Trust (the Trust)
and CSIM (the Investment Adviser), and the sub-advisory agreement between CSIM and UBS Global
Asset Management (Americas) Inc. (UBS Global AM or the Subadviser) with respect to the Fund. In
preparation for the meetings, the Board requests and reviews a wide variety of materials provided
by CSIM and UBS Global AM as well as extensive data provided by third parties and the Independent
Trustees receive advice from counsel to the Independent Trustees.
UBS Global AM,
with its principal office located at One North Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois
60606, manages the assets of the Fund. UBS Global AM is an investment management firm managing approximately
$______ billion, as of ___
___, 2009, primarily for institutional pension and profit sharing funds.
UBS Global AM is an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of UBS AG and a member of the UBS Global Asset
Management Division, which had approximately $___ billion in assets
under management as of ___ ___, 2009.
CSIM
oversees the advisory services provided to the Fund. Pursuant to separate sub-advisory
agreement, and under the supervision of the Investment Adviser and the Funds Board of Trustees,
UBS Global AM is responsible for the day-to-day investment management of the Funds assets. UBS
Global AM also is responsible for managing their employees who provide services to the Fund.
About CSIM
CSIM is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Charles Schwab Corporation. Both CSIM and The Charles
Schwab Corporation are located at 101 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, CA 94104.
As
of March 1, 2009, CSIM managed ___ mutual funds and
approximately $______ billion in assets.
Principal Executive Officer and Directors Listed below are the directors and principal
executive officer of CSIM. The principal business address of each director and the principal
executive officer, as it relates to their duties at CSIM, is the same as above.
31
|
|
|
NAME |
|
POSITION |
Randall W. Merk |
|
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
Charles R. Schwab |
|
Chairman and Director |
As disclosed in the Prospectus under the heading Management of the Fund, under a management
contract (the Management Contract) between the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, and CSIM, subject to
the supervision of the Trustees of the Trust and such policies as the Trustees may determine, CSIM
furnishes office space and equipment, provides certain bookkeeping and clerical services and pays
all salaries, fees and expenses of officers and Trustees of the Trust who are affiliated with CSIM.
In addition, pursuant to a sub-advisory agreement between CSIM and UBS Global AM, UBS Global AM
will continuously furnish an investment program for the Fund and will make investment decisions on
behalf of the Fund and place all orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.
The Fund has agreed to pay CSIM a monthly management fee at an annual percentage rate of the
Funds average daily net assets. The table below shows the advisory fee payable to CSIM by the
Fund.
|
|
|
|
|
First $500 million |
|
|
0.70 |
% |
$500 million to $1 billion |
|
|
0.65 |
% |
$1 to $1.5 billion |
|
|
0.60 |
% |
$1.5 to $2 billion |
|
|
0.575 |
% |
Above $2 billion |
|
|
0.55 |
% |
CSIM has agreed with the Trust that it will waive some or all of its management fees under the
Management Contract and, if necessary, will bear certain expenses of the Fund
for at least two years from the date of the Funds commencement of operations
(unless the waiver is extended, modified or terminated by mutual agreement of the Trust and CSIM)
so that the Funds total annual operating expenses (exclusive of nonrecurring account fees, fees on
securities transactions such as exchange fees, service fees, interest, taxes, brokerage
commissions, other expenditures which are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the
Funds business) will not exceed the limit stated in the Prospectus. In addition, CSIMs
compensation under each Management Contract is subject to reduction to the extent that in any year
the expenses of the Fund (including investment advisory fees but excluding taxes, portfolio
brokerage commissions and any distribution and shareholder service expenses paid by a class of
shares of the Fund pursuant to a distribution and shareholder service plan or otherwise) exceed the
limits on investment company expenses imposed by any statute or regulatory authority of any
jurisdiction in which shares of the Fund are qualified for offer and sale.
The Management Contract provides that CSIM shall not be subject to any liability to the Trust
or to any shareholder of the Trust in connection with the performance of its services thereunder in
the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its
obligations and duties thereunder.
The Management Contract automatically
terminates on assignment and is terminable on not more than 60 days notice by the Trust to CSIM or
by CSIM to the Trust.
SUBADVISORY AGREEMENT
The Trust and CSIM have entered into an agreement on behalf of the Fund with UBS Global AM by
which it acts as subadviser to the Fund (the Subadviser Agreement). Under the Subadviser
Agreement, UBS Global AM, at its
32
expense, continuously furnishes an investment management program for the Fund and makes
investment decisions on behalf of the Fund and places all orders for the purchase and sale of
portfolio securities and all other investments, subject to the supervision of CSIM and the
Trustees.
Subadvisory Fee
This section describes the subadvisory fee payable by CSIM to UBS Global AM. Please remember,
however, that the following fees described are paid by CSIM to UBS Global AM; they do not affect
how much you pay or the Fund pays.
|
|
|
|
|
First $100 million |
|
|
0.35 |
% |
$100 million to $250 million |
|
|
0.33 |
% |
$250 million to $500 million |
|
|
0.30 |
% |
$500 million to $1 billion |
|
|
0.25 |
% |
$1 to $1.5 billion |
|
|
0.23 |
% |
$1.5 to $2 billion |
|
|
0.21 |
% |
Above $2 billion |
|
|
0.20 |
% |
Administrative Services. The Trust has entered into a Fund Administration Agreement with State
Street Bank and Trust Company (in such capacity, the Administrator) pursuant to which the
Administrator provides certain management and administrative services necessary for the Funds
operations including: (i) regulatory compliance, including the compilation of information for
documents such as reports to, and filings with, the SEC and state securities commissions, and
preparation of proxy statements and shareholder reports for the Fund; (ii) general supervision
relative to the compilation of data required for the preparation of periodic reports distributed to
the Funds officers and Board of Trustees; and (iii) furnishing office space and certain facilities
required for conducting the business of the Fund. For these services, the Administrator is entitled
to receive $1,000 per annum, as well as a fee based on the average daily net assets of the Trust
(the Administrators Asset-Based Fee). In calculating the Administrators Asset Based-Fee payable
by the Trust, the assets of the Trust are aggregated with the average daily net assets of each of
the other portfolios for which CSIM serves as investment adviser and State Street Bank and Trust
Company serves as administrator1. The Administrators Asset-Based Fee will be calculated
as follows:
|
|
|
AVERAGE DAILY NET ASSETS |
|
FEE |
First $100 billion |
|
0.11 bp |
Next $60 billion |
|
0.07 bp |
Thereafter |
|
0.05 bp |
|
|
|
1 |
|
In addition to the Trust, CSIM currently serves as investment adviser for each of the
portfolios of the Laudus Institutional Trust, Schwab Investments, The Charles Schwab Family of
Funds, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, and Schwab Capital Trust. |
The Trust also has entered into a Fund Accounting Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust
Company (in such capacity, the Fund Accountant) pursuant to which the Fund Accountant provides
certain accounting services necessary for the Funds operations. For these services, the Fund
Accountant is entitled to receive a base fee of $29,000 per annum for the Fund. The Fund Accountant
is also entitled to a fee based on the average daily net assets of the Trust (the Fund
Accountants Asset-Based Fee). In calculating the Fund Accountants Asset-Based Fee payable by the
Trust, the assets of the Trust are aggregated with the average daily net assets of each of the
portfolios for which CSIM serves as investment adviser and State Street Bank and Trust Company
serves as fund accountant (see footnote 1 above). The Fund Accountants Asset-Based Fee will be
calculated as follows:
33
|
|
|
AVERAGE DAILY NET ASSETS |
|
FEE |
First $100 billion
|
|
0.25 bp |
Next $60 billion
|
|
0.18 bp |
Thereafter
|
|
0.13 bp |
In addition, the Fund Accountant is entitled to a per security pricing fee based on the
monthly holdings of the Fund equal to $2 for equity securities and $8 for fixed income securities.
Lastly, the Fund Accountant is entitled to a fair valuation fee of $4,000 per annum.
Distributor. As stated in the Prospectus under
the heading Management of the Fund Distributor, shares of the Fund are sold on a continuous
basis by the Trusts distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the Distributor). The Distributors principal offices are located at 1625 Broadway, Suite 2200, Denver,
Colorado, 80202. Under the Distributors Contract between the Trust and the Distributor (the
Distributors Contract), the Distributor is not obligated to sell any specific amount of shares
of the Trust and will purchase shares for resale only against orders for shares.
The Distributors Contract may be terminated with respect to the Fund at any time on 60 days
written notice without penalty either by the Distributor, by the Fund, or by the Trust and will
terminate automatically in the event of its assignment.
The Distributors Contract will continue in effect for two years and thereafter for successive
one-year periods, provided that each such continuance is specifically approved (i) by the Trusts
Board of Trustees or (ii) by the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund, provided
that in either event the continuance is also approved by a majority of the Independent Trustees of
the Trust by vote cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose.
CSIM may pay certain Intermediaries (as defined below) for performing shareholder,
recordkeeping, administrative, transfer agency or other services for their customers. In addition,
CSIM may pay certain Intermediaries for providing distribution, marketing or promotional services.
The payments described by this paragraph are not paid by the Fund or its shareholders and may be
substantial.
Shares of the Fund may be sold to corporations or other institutions such as trusts,
foundations, broker-dealers or other intermediaries purchasing for the accounts of others
(collectively, Intermediaries). Investors purchasing and redeeming shares of the Fund through an
Intermediary may be charged a transaction-based fee or other fee for the services provided by the
Intermediary. Each such Intermediary is responsible for transmitting to its customers a schedule of
any such fees and information regarding any additional or different conditions with respect to
purchases and redemptions of Fund shares. Customers of Intermediaries should read this Prospectus
in light of the terms governing accounts with their particular organization.
Custodial Arrangements. The Trusts custodian is State Street Bank and Trust Company (in such
capacity, the Custodian), Boston MA 02103. As such, the Custodian holds in safekeeping
certificated securities and cash belonging to the Trust and, in such capacity, is the registered
owner of securities in book-entry form belonging to the Fund. Upon instruction, the Custodian
receives and delivers cash and securities of the Fund in connection with Fund transactions and
collects all dividends and other distributions made with respect to fund portfolio securities.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. The Trusts independent registered public
accounting firm is ___________. The firm conducts an annual audit of the financial statements, assists in the preparation of
the Trusts federal and state income tax returns and filings with the SEC, and consults with the
Trust as to matters of accounting and federal and state income taxation.
34
Codes of Ethics. Each of the Trust (on behalf of the Fund), CSIM, UBS Global AM and the
Distributor (as the Funds principal underwriter) have adopted codes of ethics (each a Code)
pursuant to Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. Each permits personnel subject thereto to invest in
securities subject to certain conditions or restrictions. CSIMs Code permits personnel to buy or
sell, directly or indirectly, securities for their own accounts. This includes securities that may
be purchased or held by the funds CSIM manages. Securities transactions by some of these
individuals are subject to prior approval of CSIMs Chief Compliance Officer or designee and are
subject to certain restrictions. Covered securities transactions are subject to quarterly and
annual reporting and review requirements. UBS Global AMs Code permits personnel to buy or sell
securities for their own accounts and accounts for which they are the beneficial owner so long as
the investment does not lead to an actual or potential conflict of interest. This includes
securities that may be purchased or held by the funds UBS Global AM advises or subadvises.
Securities transactions may be subject to prior approval of UBS Global AMs Chief Compliance
Officer or his or her alternate. Most securities transactions are subject to quarterly reporting
and review requirements. The Distributors Code permits personnel subject thereto to invest in
securities, including securities that the Fund may purchase or hold, so long as the individual, in
the ordinary course of fulfilling his or her duties, does not have knowledge of a pending buy or
sell order by the Fund. In such cases where such knowledge may exist, the individual is prohibited
from engaging in such transactions while the buy or sell order is pending.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
UBS Global AM acts as subadviser to the Fund. Presented below is information about the
portfolio managers of the Fund as identified in the Funds Prospectus.
The following table provides information relating to other accounts managed by the portfolio
manager as of March 1, 2009.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment |
|
Other Pooled Investment |
|
Other Accounts |
|
|
Companies |
|
Vehicles |
|
(separate accounts) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
Number of |
|
Total Assets |
|
of |
|
Total Assets |
|
Number of |
|
Assets |
Name |
|
Accounts |
|
(in millions) |
|
Accounts |
|
(in millions) |
|
Accounts |
|
(in millions) |
Lawrence Kemp |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Phil Ruvinsky |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
The portfolio managers management of the Fund and other accounts could result in potential
conflicts of interest if the Fund and other accounts have different objectives, benchmarks and fees
because the portfolio management team must allocate its time and investment expertise across
multiple accounts, including the Fund. A portfolio manager and his or her team manage the Fund and
other accounts utilizing a model portfolio approach that groups similar accounts within a model
portfolio. UBS Global AM manages accounts according to the appropriate model portfolio, including
where possible, those accounts that have specific investment restrictions. Accordingly, portfolio
holdings, position sizes and industry and sector exposures tend to be similar across accounts,
which may minimize the potential for conflicts of interest.
If
the portfolio managers identify a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for
more than one account or model portfolio, the Fund may not be able to take full advantage of that
opportunity due to an allocation of filled purchase or sale orders across all eligible model
portfolios and accounts. To deal with these situations, UBS Global AM has adopted procedures for
allocating portfolio trades across multiple accounts to provide fair treatment to all accounts.
35
The management of personal accounts by a portfolio manager may also give rise to potential
conflicts of interest. UBS Global AM has adopted a Code of Ethics that governs such personal
trading but there is no assurance that the Code will adequately address all such conflicts.
The compensation received by the portfolio managers at UBS Global AM, including the Funds
portfolio managers, includes a base salary and incentive compensation, as detailed below. UBS Global
AMs compensation and benefits programs are designed to provide its investment professionals with
incentives to excel, and to promote an entrepreneurial, performance-oriented culture. They also
align the interests of the investment professionals with the interests of UBS Global AMs clients.
Overall compensation can be grouped into three categories:
|
|
|
Competitive salary, benchmarked to maintain competitive compensation opportunities. |
|
|
|
|
Annual bonus, which is discretionary and tied to individual contributions and investment
performance. |
|
|
|
|
UBS equity awards, promoting company-wide success and employee retention. |
Base salary is fixed compensation used to recognize the experience, skills and knowledge that
the investment professionals bring to their roles. Salary levels are monitored and adjusted
periodically in order to remain competitive within the investment management industry.
Annual bonuses are discretionary and correlated with performance. As such, annual incentives
can be highly variable, and are based on three components: 1) the firms overall business success;
2) the performance of the respective asset class and/or investment mandate; and 3) an individuals
specific contribution to the firms results. UBS Global Asset Management strongly believes that
tying bonuses to both long-term (3-year) and shorter-term (1-year) portfolio pre-tax performance
closely aligns the investment professionals interests with those of UBS clients. The portfolio
managers bonus is based on the performance of the Fund as compared to the Funds broad-based index
over a three-year rolling period.
UBS AG Equity. Senior investment professionals, including the portfolio manager of the Fund,
may receive a portion of his/her annual performance-based incentive in the form of deferred or
restricted UBS AG shares or employee stock options. UBS believes that this reinforces the critical
importance of creating long-term business value and also serves as an effective retention tool as
the equity shares typically vest over a number of years.
Broader equity share ownership is encouraged for all employees through Equity Plus. This
long-term incentive program gives employees the opportunity to purchase UBS AG stock with after-tax
funds from their bonus and/or salary. Two UBS AG stock options are given for each share acquired
and held for two years. UBS feels this engages its employees as partners in the firms success, and
helps to maximize its integrated business strategy.
Because the Fund has not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI, no information
regarding the Portfolio Managers beneficial ownership of shares of the Fund has been included.
This information will appear in a future version of the SAI.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
UBS Global AM is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for the Fund and for the
placement of the Funds portfolio business and the negotiation of commissions, if any, paid on such
transactions. Fixed income securities in which the Fund invests are traded in the over-the-counter
market. These securities are generally traded on a net basis with dealers acting as principal for
their own accounts without a stated commission, although the bid/ask spread quoted on securities
includes an implicit profit to the dealers. In over-the-counter transactions, orders are placed
directly with a principal market-maker unless a better price and execution can be obtained by using
a broker. Brokerage commissions are paid on transactions in listed securities, futures contracts
and options thereon. UBS Global AM is responsible for effecting portfolio transactions and will do
so in a manner deemed fair and reasonable to the Fund. Under its subadvisory agreement with CSIM on
behalf of the Fund, UBS Global AM is authorized to utilize the trading desk of its foreign
36
affiliates to execute foreign securities transactions, but monitors the selection by such
affiliates of brokers and dealers used to execute transactions for the Fund.
The primary consideration in all portfolio transactions will be prompt execution of orders in
an efficient manner at the most favorable price. However, subject to policies established by the
Board of the Trust, the Fund may pay a broker-dealer a commission for effecting a portfolio
transaction for the Fund in excess of the amount of commission another broker-dealer would have
charged if UBS Global AM determines in good faith that the commission paid was reasonable in
relation to the brokerage or research services provided by such broker-dealer, viewed in terms of
that particular transaction or such firms overall responsibilities with respect to the clients,
including the Fund, as to which UBS Global AM exercises investment discretion. In selecting and
monitoring broker-dealers and negotiating commissions, UBS Global AM considers the firms
reliability, the quality of its execution services on a continuing basis and its financial
condition. When more than one firm is believed to meet these criteria, preference may be given to
brokers who provide research or statistical material or other services to the Fund or UBS Global
AM. Such services include advice, both directly and in writing, as to the value of the securities;
the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities; and the availability of
securities, or purchasers or sellers of securities, as well as analyses and reports concerning
issues, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy and the performance
of accounts. This allows UBS Global AM to supplement its own investment research activities and
obtain the views and information of others prior to making investment decisions. UBS Global AM is
of the opinion that, because this material must be analyzed and reviewed by its staff, the receipt
and use of such material does not tend to reduce expenses but may benefit the Fund by supplementing
UBS Global AMs research.
UBS Global AM effects portfolio transactions for other investment companies and advisory
accounts. Research services furnished by dealers through whom the Fund effects its securities
transactions may be used by UBS Global AM, or its affiliated investment advisors, in servicing all
of their accounts; not all such services may be used in connection with the Fund. In the opinion of
UBS Global AM, it is not possible to measure separately the benefits from research services to each
of the accounts (including the Fund). UBS Global AM will attempt to equitably allocate portfolio
transactions among the Fund and others whenever concurrent decisions are made to purchase or sell
securities by the Fund and another. In making such allocations between the Fund and others, the
main factors to be considered are the respective investment objectives, the relative size of
portfolio holdings of the same or comparable securities, the availability of cash for investment,
the size of investment commitments generally held and the opinions of the persons responsible for
recommending investments to the Fund and the others. In some cases, this procedure could have an
adverse effect on the Fund. In the opinion of UBS Global AM, however, the results of such
procedures will, on the whole, be in the best interest of each of the clients.
When buying or selling securities, the Fund may pay commissions to brokers who are affiliated
with UBS Global AM or the Fund. The Fund may purchase securities in certain underwritten offerings
for which an affiliate of the Fund or UBS Global AM may act as an underwriter. The Fund may effect
futures transactions through, and pay commissions to, futures commissions merchants who are
affiliated with UBS Global AM or the Fund in accordance with procedures adopted by the Board.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES
The Trust is an open-end series investment company organized as a Massachusetts business
trust. A copy of the Third Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Trust
(the Declaration of Trust), is on file with the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
The fiscal year of the Trust ends on March 31. The fiscal year of the Fund is June 30. The Trust
changed its name to Barr Rosenberg Series Trust from Rosenberg Series Trust on August 5, 1996.
Effective March 30, 2004, the Trust changed its name to the Laudus Trust.
Interests
in the Trusts portfolios are currently represented by shares of
13 series,
the Laudus Rosenberg U.S. Small Capitalization Fund, Laudus Rosenberg U.S. Discovery Fund, Laudus
Rosenberg U.S. Large Capitalization Fund,
Laudus Rosenberg U.S. Large Capitalization Value
37
Fund, Laudus Rosenberg International Equity Fund,
Laudus Rosenberg International Small Capitalization Fund, Laudus
Rosenberg International Discovery Fund, Laudus Rosenberg Value Long/Short Equity Fund, Laudus Mondrian Emerging Markets Fund, Laudus
Mondrian International Fixed Income Fund, Laudus Mondrian International Equity Fund, Laudus
Mondrian Global Equity Fund and Laudus Growth Investors U.S. Large Cap Growth Fund, issued
pursuant to the Declaration of Trust. The rights of shareholders and powers of the Trustees of the
Trust with respect to such shares are described in their respective Prospectuses.
The Laudus Growth Investors U.S. Large Cap Growth Fund has one class of shares.
On ___, 2009, the Fund acquired all of the assets and liabilities of the UBS Fund pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization approved by the
UBS Funds shareholders on , 2009.
The Declaration of Trust provides for the perpetual existence of the Trust. The Trust may,
however, be terminated at any time by vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of each
series of the Trust or by the vote of the Trustees.
VOTING RIGHTS
Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held (with fractional votes for
fractional shares held) and will vote (to the extent provided herein) in the election of Trustees
and the termination of the Trust and on other matters submitted to the vote of shareholders.
Shareholders will vote by individual series on all matters except (i) when required by the 1940
Act, shares shall be voted in the aggregate and not by individual series and (ii) when the Trustees
have determined that the matter affects only the interests of one or more series, then only
shareholders of such series shall be entitled to vote thereon. Shareholders of one series shall not
be entitled to vote on matters exclusively affecting another series, such matters including,
without limitation, the adoption of or change in any fundamental policies or restrictions of the
other series and the approval of the investment advisory contracts of the other series.
Each class of shares of each Fund has identical voting rights except that each class has
exclusive voting rights on any matter submitted to shareholders that relates solely to that class,
and has separate voting rights on any matter submitted to shareholders in which the interests of
one class differ from the interests of any other class. Each class of shares has exclusive voting
rights with respect to matters pertaining to any distribution and shareholder service plan
applicable to that class. All classes of shares of a Fund will vote together, except with respect
to any distribution and shareholder service plan applicable to a class or when a class vote is
required as specified above or otherwise by the 1940 Act.
There will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees,
except that in accordance with the 1940 Act (i) the Trust will hold a shareholders meeting for the
election of Trustees at such time as less than a majority of the Trustees holding office have been
elected by shareholders, and (ii) if, as a result of a vacancy in the Board of Trustees, less than
two-thirds of the Independent Trustees holding office have been elected by the shareholders, that
vacancy may only be filled by a vote of the shareholders. In addition, Trustees may be removed from
office by a written consent signed by the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares and filed
with the Trusts custodian or by a vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares at a
meeting duly called for the purpose, which meeting shall be held upon the written request of the
holders of not less than 10% of the outstanding shares. Upon written request by the holders of at
least 1% of the outstanding shares stating that such shareholders wish to communicate with the
other shareholders for the purpose of obtaining the signatures necessary to demand a meeting to
consider removal of a Trustee, the Trust has undertaken to provide a list of shareholders or to
disseminate appropriate materials (at the expense of the requesting shareholders). Except as set
forth above, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. Voting
rights are not cumulative.
No amendment may be made to the Declaration of Trust without the affirmative vote of a
majority of the
38
outstanding shares of the Trust except (i) to change the Trusts name or to cure
technical problems in the Declaration of Trust and (ii) to establish, liquidate, designate or
modify new and existing series, sub-series or classes of shares of any series of Trust shares or
other provisions relating to Trust shares in response to applicable laws or regulations. Trustees
may, without approval of the relevant shareholders to combine
one or more series or classes of the Trust into a single series or class on such terms and
conditions as the Trustees shall determine.
Shareholders wishing to submit proposals for inclusion in a proxy statement for a future
shareholder meeting should send their written submissions to the Trust at P. O. Box 8032, Boston,
Massachusetts 02266. Proposals must be received a reasonable time in advance of a proxy
solicitation to be included. Submission of a proposal does not guarantee inclusion in a proxy
statement because proposals must comply with certain federal securities regulations.
PROXY VOTING
The Trusts proxy voting policy is attached as Appendix A to this Statement of Additional
Information. Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies related to portfolio securities
during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 will be available, without charge, on the
Funds website at www.laudus.com. It is also available in the Funds Form N-PX which can be
obtained on the SECs website at www.sec.gov.
SHAREHOLDER AND TRUSTEE LIABILITY
Under Massachusetts law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held personally
liable for the obligations of the Trust. However, the Declaration of Trust disclaims shareholder
liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and requires that notice of such disclaimer be given
in each agreement, obligation, or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees.
The Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of all the property of the relevant
series for all loss and expense of any shareholder of that series held personally liable for the
obligations of the Trust. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of
shareholder liability is considered remote since it is limited to circumstances in which the
disclaimer is inoperative and the series of which he is or was a shareholder would be unable to
meet its obligations.
The Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trustees will not be liable for errors of
judgment or mistakes of fact or law. However, nothing in the Declaration of Trust protects a
Trustee against any liability to which the Trustee would otherwise be subject by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the
conduct of his office. The Declaration of Trust also provides for indemnification by the Trust of
the Trustees and the officers of the Trust against liabilities and expenses reasonably incurred in
connection with litigation in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Trust,
except if it is determined in the manner specified in the Declaration of Trust that such Trustees
are liable to the Trust or its shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross
negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties.
OWNERS OF 5% OR MORE OF THE FUNDS SHARES
As of ___, 2009, the officers and trustees of the Trust, as a group, owned of record,
directly or beneficially less than 1% of any class of outstanding equity securities of the Fund.
As of ___, 2009, no persons or entities owned, of record or beneficially, more than 5% of
the outstanding equity securities of the Fund.
39
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES INFORMATION
Information regarding the availability of the Funds portfolio securities can be obtained by
calling
1.800.447.3332.
The disclosure of portfolio securities information to shareholders and other parties, prior to
regular public filings, may be authorized only by the Trusts President upon prior consultation
with the Funds Subadviser and the Funds Chief Legal Officer. Prior to authorizing the disclosure
of portfolio securities, the Trusts President must determine that: (i) such disclosure is in the
best interests of the Funds shareholders; and (ii) that no conflict exists between the interests
of the Funds shareholders and those of the Funds Adviser, Subadviser or principal underwriter.
Portfolio securities information also may be made available on a selective basis to service
providers, ratings agencies, consultants and other qualified financial professionals when the
President upon prior consultation with the Funds Subadviser and the Funds Chief Legal Officer,
determines such disclosure meets the requirements for non-selective disclosure and serves a
legitimate business purpose. Agreements entered into with a service provider to whom the Fund
selectively discloses portfolio securities information will generally include the confidentiality
provisions customary in such agreements. Although certain of the service providers are not under
formal confidentiality obligations in connection with disclosure of portfolio securities
information, the Fund would not continue to conduct business with a person who the Fund believes
was misusing the disclosed information. Any third-party who is not a service provider to the Fund
to whom the Fund selectively disclose portfolio securities information will, prior to that
disclosure, be required to sign an agreement describing the permitted use of portfolio securities
information and providing that: (i) the portfolio securities information will be kept confidential;
(ii) the person will not trade on the basis of any material non-public information; and (iii) the
information will be used only for the purpose described in the agreement. As part of its ongoing
review of fund operations, the Board of Trustees will periodically review any agreements that the
Trust has entered into to selectively disclose portfolio securities information.
A complete list of the Funds portfolio holdings is published on the Laudus website at
www.laudus.com, under Analysis & Commentary, typically 25-30 days after the end of the Funds
fiscal quarter (which is also a calendar quarter-end). The portfolio holdings information available
on the Funds website is the same that is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form
N-Q or Form N-CSR. The Fund provides on the website quarterly information regarding certain
attributes of the Funds portfolio, such as the Funds top ten holdings, sector weightings,
composition, credit quality and duration and maturity, as applicable. This information is generally
updated within 20-30 days after the end of the fiscal quarter. The information on the website is
publicly available to all categories of persons.
The Fund may disclose portfolio holdings information to certain persons and entities prior to
and more frequently than the public disclosure of such information (early disclosure). The
president may authorize early disclosure of portfolio holdings information to such parties at
differing times and/or with different lag times provided that (a) the president of the funds
determines that the disclosure is in the best interests of the Fund and that there are no conflicts
of interest between the Funds shareholders and Funds Adviser, Subadviser and distributor; and (b)
the recipient is, either by contractual agreement or otherwise by law, required to maintain the
confidentiality of the information.
The Funds service providers, including, without limitation, the Adviser, Subadviser,
distributor, transfer agent, administrator, custodian, auditor, proxy voting service provider,
pricing information vendors, publisher, printer and mailing agent may receive early disclosure of
portfolio securities information as frequently as daily in connection with the services they
perform for the Fund. The names of those persons to whom the Fund selectively discloses portfolio
securities information will be disclosed in this Statement of Additional Information. ISS
Governance Services (a division of RiskMetrics Group) and State Street Bank and Trust Company, as
service providers to the Fund, are currently receiving this information on a daily basis. RR
Donnelley, as a service provider to the Fund, is currently receiving this information on a
quarterly basis. Glass Lewis, as a service provider to the Fund, receives this information on a
as-needed basis. Service providers will be subject to a duty of confidentiality with respect to any
portfolio securities information whether imposed by the provisions of the service providers
contract with the Trust or by the nature of the service providers
40
relationship with the Trust. In
accordance with the exemptive order issued by the SEC to iShares and procedures approved by the
Trusts Board of Trustees, the Trust will promptly notify iShares Funds in writing of any purchase
or acquisition of shares of an iShares Fund that causes the Fund to hold (i) 5% or more of such
iShares Funds total outstanding voting
securities, and (ii) 10% or more of such iShares Funds total outstanding voting securities.
In addition, the adviser or Subadviser will, upon causing the Fund to acquire more than 3% of an
open-end iShares Funds outstanding shares, notify the open-end iShares Fund of the investment.
The Fund may disclose non-material information including commentary and aggregate information
about the characteristics of the Fund in connection with or relating to the Fund or its portfolio
securities to any person if such disclosure is for a legitimate business purpose, such disclosure
does not effectively result in the disclosure of the complete portfolio securities of the Fund
(which can only be disclosed in accordance with the above requirements), and such information does
not constitute material non-public information. Such disclosure does not fall within the portfolio
securities disclosure requirements outlined above.
Whether the information constitutes material non-public information will be made on a good
faith determination, which involves an assessment of the particular facts and circumstances. In
most cases commentary or analysis would be immaterial and would not convey any advantage to a
recipient in making a decision concerning the fund. Commentary and analysis includes, but is not
limited to, the allocation of the Funds portfolio securities and other investments among various
asset classes, sectors, industries, and countries, the characteristics of the stock components and
other investments of the Fund, the attribution of Fund returns by asset class, sector, industry and
country, and the volatility characteristics of the Fund.
Neither the Fund nor the Funds Adviser or Subadviser may receive compensation or other
consideration in connection with the disclosure of information about portfolio securities.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
Each business day, the Fund calculates its share price, or NAV, as of the close of the New
York Stock Exchange (NYSE). This means that NAVs are calculated using the values of the Funds
portfolio securities as of the close of the NYSE. Such values are required to be determined in one
of two ways: securities for which market quotations are readily available are required to be valued
at current market value; and securities for which market quotations are not readily available or
the adviser deems them to be unreliable are required to be valued at fair value using procedures
approved by the Board of Trustees. The Fund uses approved pricing services to provide values for
its portfolio securities. Current market values are generally determined by the approved pricing
services as follows: securities traded on stock exchanges are valued at the last-quoted sales price
on the exchange on which such securities are primarily traded (closing values), or, lacking any
sales, at the mean between the bid and ask prices; securities traded in the over-the-counter market
are valued at the last sales price that day, or, if there are no sales that day, at the mean
between the bid and ask prices. In addition, securities that are primarily traded on foreign
exchanges are generally valued at the preceding closing values of such securities on their
respective exchanges with these values then translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange
rate. Fixed income securities normally are valued based on valuations provided by approved pricing
services. Securities may be fair valued pursuant to procedures approved by the Funds Board of
Trustees when approved pricing services do not provide a value for a security, a furnished price
appears manifestly incorrect or events occur prior to the close of the NYSE that materially affect
the furnished price. The Board of Trustees regularly reviews fair value determinations made by the
Fund pursuant to the procedures.
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES
The procedures for purchasing shares of Fund and for determining the offering price of such
shares are described in the Prospectus. The Trust has elected to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under
the 1940 Act pursuant to which the Trust is obligated to redeem shares solely in cash for any
shareholder during any 90-day period up to the lesser of (i) $250,000 or (ii) 1% of the total net
asset value of the Trust at the beginning of such period. The procedures for redeeming shares of
the
41
Fund are described in the Prospectus.
As described in the Prospectus, the Trust reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to
reject purchase orders for shares of the Fund. As a general matter, the Trust expects that it will not accept purchase
orders when the purchase price is to be paid by cash (in the form of actual currency), third party
checks, checks payable in foreign currency, credit card convenience checks or travelers checks.
The Fund has authorized one or more brokers to accept on their behalf purchase and redemption
orders. Such brokers have also been authorized to designate other intermediaries to accept purchase
and redemption orders on the Funds behalf. The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or
redemption order when an authorized broker or, if applicable, a brokers authorized designee,
receives such order. Such orders will be priced at the Funds net asset value per share next
determined after such orders are received by an authorized broker or the brokers authorized
designee.
42
APPENDIX A DESCRIPTION OF PROXY VOTING POLICY AND PROCEDURES
Charles Schwab Investment Management (CSIM), as an Investment Adviser, is generally responsible
for voting proxies with respect to the securities held in accounts of investment companies and
other clients for which it provides discretionary investment management services. CSIM s Proxy
Committee exercises and documents CSIMs responsibility with regard to voting of client proxies
(the Proxy Committee). The Proxy Committee is composed of representatives of CSIMs Fund
Administration, Legal, and Portfolio Management Departments, and chaired by CSIMs Vice
President-Portfolio Operations & Analytics. The Chairman of the Committee may appoint the
remaining members of the Committee. The Proxy Committee reviews and, as necessary, may amend
periodically these Procedures to address new or revised proxy voting policies or procedures. The
policies stated in these Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures (the CSIM Proxy Procedures) pertain
to all of CSIMs clients.
The Boards of Trustees (the Trustees) of The Laudus Trust, and Laudus Institutional Trust
(collectively, the Funds or Laudus Funds) has delegated the responsibility for voting proxies
to CSIM through their respective Investment Advisory and Administration Agreements. The Trustees
have adopted these Proxy Procedures with respect to proxies voted on behalf of the various Laudus
Funds portfolios. CSIM will present amendments to the Trustees for approval. However, there may
be circumstances where the Proxy Committee deems it advisable to amend the Proxy Procedures between
regular Laudus Funds Board meetings. In such cases, the Trustees will be asked to ratify any
changes at the next regular meeting of the Board.
To assist CSIM in its responsibility for voting proxies and the overall proxy voting process, CSIM
has retained Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS) as an expert in the proxy voting and
corporate governance area. ISS is an independent company that specializes in providing a variety
of proxy-related services to institutional investment managers, plan sponsors, custodians,
consultants, and other institutional investors. The services provided by ISS include in-depth
research, global issuer analysis, and voting recommendations as well as vote execution, reporting
and record keeping. CSIM has also retained Glass Lewis & Co. (Glass Lewis), as an additional
expert in proxy voting, to assist CSIM in voting proxies of limited partnerships. Glass Lewis is
an independent provider of global proxy research and voting recommendations.
Proxy Voting Policy
For investment companies and other clients for which CSIM exercises its responsibility for voting
proxies, it is CSIMs policy to vote proxies in the manner that CSIM and the Proxy Committee
determine will maximize the economic benefit to CSIMs clients. In furtherance of this policy, the
Proxy Committee has received and reviewed ISSs written proxy voting policies and procedures
(ISSs Proxy Procedures) and has determined that ISSs Proxy Procedures are consistent with the
CSIM Proxy Procedures and CSIMs fiduciary duty with respect to its clients. The Proxy Committee
will review any material amendments to ISSs Proxy Procedures to determine whether such procedures
continue to be consistent with the CSIM Proxy Voting Procedures, and CSIMs fiduciary duty with
respect to its clients.
Except under each of the circumstances described below, the Proxy Committee will delegate to
ISS responsibility for voting proxies, including timely submission of votes, on behalf of CSIMs
clients in accordance with ISSs Proxy Procedures.
ISSs Proxy Procedures are not intended to cover proxies of limited partnerships (LP
Proxies), and accordingly ISS does not provide analysis or voting recommendations for LP Proxies.
To assist in its responsibility for voting LP Proxies, the Proxy Committee has received and
reviewed Glass Lewiss written proxy policy guidelines (Glass Lewiss Proxy Procedures) and has
determined that Glass Lewiss Proxy Procedures are consistent with CSIM Proxy Procedures and CSIMs
fiduciary duty with respect to its clients. The Proxy Committee will review any material
amendments to Glass Lewiss Proxy Procedures to determine whether such procedures continue to be
consistent with the CSIM Proxy Voting Procedures, and CSIMs fiduciary duty with respect to its
clients. In general, the Proxy Committee or its designee
43
will instruct ISS to vote an LP Proxy consistent with the recommendation provided by Glass Lewis in
accordance with Glass Lewiss Proxy Procedures.
For proxy issues, including LP Proxy issues, that are determined by the Proxy Committee or the
applicable portfolio manager or other relevant portfolio management staff to raise significant
concerns with respect to the accounts of CSIM clients, the Proxy Committee will review the analysis
and recommendation of ISS or Glass Lewis, as applicable. Examples of factors that could cause a
matter to raise significant concerns include, but are not limited to: issues whose outcome has the
potential to materially affect the companys industry, or regional or national economy, and matters
which involve broad public policy developments which may similarly materially affect the
environment in which the company operates. The Proxy Committee also will solicit input from the
assigned portfolio manager and other relevant portfolio management staff for the particular
portfolio security. After evaluating all such recommendations, the Proxy Committee will decide how
to vote the shares and will instruct ISS to vote consistent with its decision. The Proxy Committee
has the ultimate responsibility for making the determination of how to vote the shares in order to
maximize the value of that particular holding.
With respect to proxies of an affiliated mutual fund, the Proxy Committee will vote such
proxies in the same proportion as the vote of all other shareholders of the Fund (i.e., echo
vote), unless otherwise required by law. When required by law, the Proxy Committee will also
echo vote proxies of an unaffiliated mutual fund. For example, certain exemptive orders issued
to the Laudus Funds by the Securities and Exchange Commission and Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, require the Laudus Funds, under certain circumstances,
to echo vote proxies of registered investment companies that serve as underlying investments of
the Laudus Funds. When not required to echo vote, the Proxy Committee will delegate to ISS
responsibility for voting proxies of an unaffiliated mutual fund in accordance with ISSs Proxy
Procedures.
In addition to ISS not providing analyses or recommendations for LP Proxies, there may be
other circumstances in which ISS does not provide an analysis or recommendation for voting a
securitys proxy. In that event, and when the following criteria are met, two members of the Proxy
Committee, including at least one representative from equity Portfolio Management, may decide how
to vote such proxy in order to maximize the value of that particular holding. The following
criteria must be met: (1) For each Fund that holds the security in its portfolio, the value of the
security must represent less than one tenth of one cent in the Funds NAV, and (2) the securitys
value must equal less than $50,000 in the aggregate across all of the Funds and separate accounts
that hold this security. Any voting decision made under these circumstances will be reported to
the Proxy Committee at its next scheduled meeting.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST. EXCEPT AS DESCRIBED ABOVE FOR PROXIES OF MUTUAL FUNDS, WHERE PROXY
ISSUES PRESENT MATERIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST BETWEEN CSIM, AND/OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES, AND
CSIMS CLIENTS, CSIM WILL DELEGATE TO ISS RESPONSIBILITY FOR VOTING SUCH PROXIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH
ISSS PROXY PROCEDURES, OR, IN THE CASE OF LP PROXIES, IN ACCORDANCE WITH GLASS LEWISS
RECOMMENDATIONS AS PROVIDED TO ISS. THE CSIM LEGAL DEPARTMENT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR DEVELOPING
PROCEDURES TO IDENTIFY MATERIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST.
Voting Foreign Proxies. CSIM has arrangements with ISS for voting proxies. However,
voting proxies with respect to shares of foreign securities may involve significantly greater
effort and corresponding cost than voting proxies with respect to domestic securities, due to the
variety of regulatory schemes and corporate practices in foreign countries with respect to proxy
voting. Problems voting foreign proxies may include the following:
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proxy statements and ballots written in a foreign language; |
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untimely and/or inadequate notice of shareholder meetings; |
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restrictions of foreigners ability to exercise votes; |
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requirements to vote proxies in person; |
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requirements to provide local agents with power of attorney to facilitate CSIMs voting instructions. |
44
In consideration of the foregoing issues, ISS uses its best-efforts to vote foreign proxies. As
part of its ongoing oversight, the Proxy Committee will monitor the voting of foreign proxies to
determine whether all reasonable steps are taken to vote foreign proxies. If the Proxy Committee
determines that the cost associated with the attempt to vote outweighs the potential benefits
clients may derive from voting, the Proxy Committee may decide not to attempt to vote. In
addition, certain foreign countries impose restrictions on the sale of securities for a period of
time in proximity to the shareholder meeting. To avoid these trading restrictions, the Proxy
Committee instructs ISS not to vote such foreign proxies.
Securities Lending Programs. Certain of the Funds enter into securities lending
arrangements with lending agents to generate additional revenue for their portfolios. In securities
lending arrangements, any voting rights that accompany the loaned securities generally pass to the
borrower of the securities, but the lender retains the right to recall a security and may then
exercise the securitys voting rights. In order to vote the proxies of securities out on loan, the
securities must be recalled prior to the established record date. CSIM will use its best efforts to
recall the Funds securities on loan and vote such securities proxies if (a) the proxy relates to
a special meeting of shareholders of the issuer (as opposed to the issuers annual meeting of
shareholders), or (b) the Fund owns more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the issuer. Further,
it is CSIMs policy to use its best efforts to recall securities on loan and vote such securities
proxies if CSIM determines that the proxies involve a material event affecting the loaned
securities. CSIM may utilize third-party service providers to assist it in identifying and
evaluating whether an event is material.
Sub-Advisory Relationships. For investment companies or other clients that CSIM has
delegated day-to-day investment management responsibilities to an investment adviser, CSIM may
delegate its responsibility to vote proxies with respect to such investment companies or other
clients securities. Each Sub-adviser to whom proxy voting responsibility has been delegated will
be required to review all proxy solicitation material and to exercise the voting rights associated
with the securities as it has been allocated in the best interest of each investment company and
its shareholders, or other client. Prior to delegating the proxy voting responsibility, CSIM will
review each sub-advisers proxy voting policy to ensure that each Sub-advisers proxy voting policy
is generally consistent with the maximization of economic benefits to the investment company or
other client.
Reporting and Record Retention
CSIM will maintain, or cause ISS to maintain, records which identify the manner in which proxies
have been voted (or not voted) on behalf of CSIM clients. CSIM will comply with all applicable
rules and regulations regarding disclosure of its or its clients proxy voting records and
procedures.
CSIM will retain all proxy voting materials and supporting documentation as required under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Proxy Committee Quorum
At scheduled meetings of the Proxy Committee, attendance by four members (or their respective
designates) constitutes a quorum. Two members of the Committee may make voting decisions under the
limited circumstances described above.
Concise Summary of ISS 2008 Proxy Voting Guidelines:
Effective for Meetings on or after Feb. 1, 2008
Updated Dec. 21, 2007
1. Auditors
Auditor Ratification
45
Vote FOR proposals to ratify auditors, unless any of the following apply:
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An auditor has a financial interest in or association with the company, and is
therefore not independent; |
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There is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion
which is neither accurate nor indicative of the companys financial position; |
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Poor accounting practices are identified that rise to a serious level of concern,
such as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section
404 disclosures; or |
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Fees for non-audit services (other fees) are excessive. |
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking for audit firm rotation, taking into account:
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The tenure of the audit firm; |
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The length of rotation specified in the proposal; |
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Any significant audit-related issues at the company; |
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The number of audit committee meetings held each year; |
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The number of financial experts serving on the committee; and |
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Whether the company has a periodic renewal process where the auditor is evaluated
for both audit quality and competitive price. |
2. Board of Directors
Voting on Director Nominees in Uncontested Elections
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from individual directors who:
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Attend less than 75 percent of the board and committee meetings without a valid
excuse; |
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Sit on more than six public company boards; |
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Are CEOs of public companies who sit on the boards of more than two public
companies besides their ownwithhold only at their outside boards. |
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from all nominees of the board of directors, (except from new nominees,
who should be considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis) if:
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The companys proxy indicates that not all directors attended 75 percent of the
aggregate of their board and committee meetings, but fails to provide the required
disclosure of the names of the directors involved. If this information cannot be
obtained, vote against/withhold from all incumbent directors; |
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The companys poison pill has a dead-hand or modified dead-hand feature. Vote
against/withhold every year until this feature is removed; |
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The board adopts or renews a poison pill without shareholder approval, does not
commit to putting it to shareholder vote within 12 months of adoption (or in the case
of an newly public company, does not commit to put the pill to a shareholder vote
within 12 months following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to a
vote, and has not yet received a withhold/against recommendation for this issue; |
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The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval by a
majority of the shares outstanding the previous year (a management proposal with
other than a FOR recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient
action taken); |
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The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval of the
majority of shares cast for the previous two consecutive years (a management proposal
with other than a FOR recommendation by management will not be considered as
sufficient action taken); |
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The board failed to act on takeover offers where the majority of the shareholders
tendered their shares; |
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At the previous board election, any director received more than 50 percent
withhold/against votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the
underlying issue(s) that caused the high withhold/against vote; |
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The company is a Russell 3000 company that underperformed its industry group (GICS
group) under ISS Performance Test for Directors policy; |
46
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The board is classified, and a continuing director responsible for a problematic
governance issue at the board/committee level that would warrant a withhold/against
vote recommendation is not up for electionany or all appropriate nominees (except
new) may be held accountable. |
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from inside directors and affiliated outside directors when:
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The inside or affiliated outside director serves on any of the three key
committees: audit, compensation, or nominating; |
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The company lacks an audit, compensation, or nominating committee so that the full
board functions as that committee; |
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The company lacks a formal nominating committee, even if board attests that the
independent directors fulfill the functions of such a committee; |
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The full board is less than majority independent. |
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the audit committee if:
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The non-audit fees paid to the auditor are excessive (see discussion under
Auditor Ratification); |
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Poor accounting practices are identified which rise to a level of serious concern,
such as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section
404 disclosures; or |
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There is persuasive evidence that the audit committee entered into an
inappropriate indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of
the company, or its shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against the
audit firm. |
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the compensation committee if:
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There is a negative correlation between the chief executives pay and company
performance; |
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The company reprices underwater options for stock, cash or other consideration
without prior shareholder approval, even if allowed in their equity plan; |
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The company fails to submit one-time transfers of stock options to a shareholder
vote; |
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The company fails to fulfill the terms of a burn-rate commitment made to
shareholders; |
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The company has backdated options (see Options Backdating policy); |
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The company has poor compensation practices (see Poor Pay Practices policy).
Poor pay practices may warrant withholding votes from the CEO and potentially the
entire board as well. |
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from directors, individually or the entire board, for egregious actions or
failure to replace management as appropriate.
Classification/Declassification of the Board
Vote AGAINST proposals to classify the board. Vote FOR proposals to repeal classified boards and
to elect all directors annually.
Cumulative Voting
Generally vote AGAINST proposals to eliminate cumulative voting. Generally vote FOR proposals to
restore or provide for cumulative voting unless:
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The company has proxy access or a similar structure to allow shareholders to
nominate directors to the companys ballot; and |
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The company has adopted a majority vote standard, with a carve-out for plurality
voting in situations where there are more nominees than seats, and a director
resignation policy to address failed elections. |
Vote FOR proposals for cumulative voting at controlled companies (insider voting power > 50
percent).
47
Independent Chair (Separate Chair/CEO)
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requiring that the chairmans position be filled by an
independent director, unless there are compelling reasons to recommend against the proposal, such
as a counterbalancing governance structure. This should include all the following:
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Designated lead director, elected by and from the independent board members with
clearly delineated and comprehensive duties. (The role may alternatively reside with
a presiding director, vice chairman, or rotating lead director; however the director
must serve a minimum of one year in order to qualify as a lead director.) The duties
should include, but are not limited to, the following: |
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§ |
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presides at all meetings of the board at which the chairman is not present,
including executive sessions of the independent directors; |
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§ |
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serves as liaison between the chairman and the independent directors; |
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§ |
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approves information sent to the board; |
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§ |
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approves meeting agendas for the board; |
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§ |
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approves meeting schedules to assure that there is sufficient time for
discussion of all agenda items; |
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§ |
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has the authority to call meetings of the independent directors; |
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§ |
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if requested by major shareholders, ensures that he is available for
consultation and direct communication; |
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The company publicly discloses a comparison of the duties of its independent lead
director and its chairman; |
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The company publicly discloses a sufficient explanation of why it chooses not to
give the position of chairman to the independent lead director, and instead combine
the chairman and CEO positions; |
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Two-thirds independent board; |
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All independent key committees; |
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Established governance guidelines; |
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The company should not have underperformed both its peers and index on the basis
of both one-year and three-year total shareholder returns*, unless there has been a
change in the Chairman/CEO position within that time; and |
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The company does not have any problematic governance issues. |
Vote FOR the proposal if the company does not provide disclosure with respect to any or all of the
bullet points above. If disclosure is provided, evaluate on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
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* |
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The industry peer group used for this evaluation is the average of the 12 companies in the same
six-digit GICS group that are closest in revenue to the company. To fail, the company must
underperform its index and industry group on all four measures (one- and three-year on industry
peers and index). |
Majority Vote Shareholder Proposals
Generally vote FOR precatory and binding resolutions requesting that the board change the companys
bylaws to stipulate that directors need to be elected with an affirmative majority of votes cast,
provided it does not conflict with the state law where the company is incorporated. Binding
resolutions need to allow for a carve-out for a plurality vote standard when there are more
nominees than board seats. Companies are strongly encouraged to also adopt a post-election policy
(also known as a director resignation policy) that will provide guidelines so that the company will
promptly address the situation of a holdover director.
Open Access
Vote shareholder proposals asking for open or proxy access on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, taking into
account:
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The ownership threshold proposed in the resolution; |
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The proponents rationale for the proposal at the targeted company in terms of
board and director conduct. |
48
3. Proxy Contests
Voting for Director Nominees in Contested Elections
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the election of directors in contested elections, considering the following
factors:
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Long-term financial performance of the target company relative to its industry; |
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Managements track record; |
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Background to the proxy contest; |
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Qualifications of director nominees (both slates); |
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Strategic plan of dissident slate and quality of critique against management; |
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Likelihood that the proposed goals and objectives can be achieved (both slates); |
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Stock ownership positions. |
Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses. When voting in conjunction
with support of a dissident slate, vote FOR the reimbursement of all appropriate proxy solicitation
expenses associated with the election.
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for the reimbursement of reasonable costs
incurred in connection with nominating one or more candidates in a contested election where
the following apply:
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The election of fewer than 50 percent of the directors to be elected is contested
in the election; |
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One or more of the dissidents candidates is elected; |
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Shareholders are not permitted to cumulate their votes for directors; and |
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The election occurred, and the expenses were incurred, after the adoption of this
bylaw. |
4. Takeover Defenses
Poison Pills
Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that the company submit its poison pill to a shareholder
vote or redeem it UNLESS the company has: (1) A shareholder approved poison pill in place; or (2)
The company has adopted a policy concerning the adoption of a pill in the future specifying that
the board will only adopt a shareholder rights plan if either:
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Shareholders have approved the adoption of the plan; or |
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The board, in its exercise of its fiduciary responsibilities, determines that it
is in the best interest of shareholders under the circumstances to adopt a pill
without the delay that would result from seeking stockholder approval (i.e., the
fiduciary out provision). A poison pill adopted under this fiduciary out will be
put to a shareholder ratification vote within 12 months of adoption or expire. If the
pill is not approved by a majority of the votes cast on this issue, the plan will
immediately terminate. |
Vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for poison pills to be put to a vote within a year after
adoption. If the company has no non-shareholder approved poison pill in place and has adopted a
policy with the provisions outlined above, vote AGAINST the proposal. If these conditions are not
met, vote FOR the proposal, but with the caveat that a vote within 12 months would be considered
sufficient.
Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals on poison pill ratification, focusing on the features of
the shareholder rights plan. Rights plans should contain the following attributes:
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No lower than a 20 percent trigger, flip-in or flip-over; |
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A term of no more than three years; |
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No dead-hand, slow-hand, no-hand, or similar feature that limits the ability of a
future board to redeem the pill; |
49
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Shareholder redemption feature (qualifying offer clause); if the board refuses to
redeem the pill 90 days after a qualifying offer is announced, 10 percent of the
shares may call a special meeting, or seek a written consent to vote on rescinding
the pill. |
Shareholder Ability to Call Special Meetings
Vote AGAINST proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholder ability to call special meetings. Vote
FOR proposals that remove restrictions on the right of shareholders to act independently of
management.
Supermajority Vote Requirements
Vote AGAINST proposals to require a supermajority shareholder vote. Vote FOR proposals to lower
supermajority vote requirements.
5. Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
For mergers and acquisitions, review and evaluate the merits and drawbacks of the proposed
transaction, balancing various and sometimes countervailing factors including:
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Valuation Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the
acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness opinion may provide an initial starting
point for assessing valuation reasonableness, emphasis is placed on the offer
premium, market reaction and strategic rationale. |
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Market reaction How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative
market reaction should cause closer scrutiny of a deal. |
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Strategic rationale Does the deal make sense strategically? From where is the
value derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be overly aggressive or
optimistic, but reasonably achievable. Management should also have a favorable track
record of successful integration of historical acquisitions. |
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Negotiations and process Were the terms of the transaction negotiated at
arms-length? Was the process fair and equitable? A fair process helps to ensure the
best price for shareholders. Significant negotiation wins can also signify the deal
makers competency. The comprehensiveness of the sales process (e.g., full auction,
partial auction, no auction) can also affect shareholder value. |
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Conflicts of interest Are insiders benefiting from the transaction
disproportionately and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders? As the
result of potential conflicts, the directors and officers of the company may be more
likely to vote to approve a merger than if they did not hold these interests. Consider
whether these interests may have influenced these directors and officers to support or
recommend the merger. The aggregate CIC figure may be a misleading indicator of the true
value transfer from shareholders to insiders. Where such figure appears to be excessive,
analyze the underlying assumptions to determine whether a potential conflict exists. |
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Governance Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than
the current governance profiles of the respective parties to the transaction? If the
governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden is on the company to prove
that other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance. |
6. State of Incorporation
Reincorporation Proposals
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to change a companys state of incorporation, taking into
consideration both financial and corporate governance concerns, including:
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The reasons for reincorporating; |
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A comparison of the governance provisions; |
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Comparative economic benefits; and |
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A comparison of the jurisdictional laws. |
50
7. Capital Structure
Common Stock Authorization
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for
issuance using a model developed by ISS. Vote FOR proposals to approve increases beyond the
allowable increase when a companys shares are in danger of being delisted or if a companys
ability to continue to operate as a going concern is uncertain.
In addition, for capital requests less than or equal to 300 percent of the current authorized
shares that marginally fail the calculated allowable cap (i.e., exceed the allowable cap by no more
than 5 percent), on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, vote FOR the increase based on the companys performance
and whether the companys ongoing use of shares has shown prudence. Factors should include, at a
minimum, the following:
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Rationale; |
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Good performance with respect to peers and index on a five-year total
shareholder return basis; |
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Absence of non-shareholder approved poison pill; |
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Reasonable equity compensation burn rate; |
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No non-shareholder approved pay plans; and |
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Absence of egregious equity compensation practices. |
Dual-Class Stock
Vote AGAINST proposals to create a new class of common stock with superior voting rights. Vote
AGAINST proposals at companies with dual-class capital structures to increase the number of
authorized shares of the class of stock that has superior voting rights. Vote FOR proposals to
create a new class of nonvoting or sub-voting common stock if:
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It is intended for financing purposes with minimal or no dilution to current
shareholders; |
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It is not designed to preserve the voting power of an insider or significant
shareholder. |
Issue Stock for Use with Rights Plan
Vote AGAINST proposals that increase authorized common stock for the explicit purpose of
implementing a non-shareholder approved shareholder rights plan (poison pill).
Preferred Stock
Vote AGAINST proposals authorizing the creation of new classes of preferred stock with unspecified
voting, conversion, dividend distribution, and other rights (blank check preferred stock), and
AGAINST proposals to increase the number of blank check preferred stock authorized for issuance
when no shares have been issued or reserved for a specific purpose. Vote FOR proposals to create
declawed blank check preferred stock (stock that cannot be used as a takeover defense), and FOR
proposals to authorize preferred stock in cases where the company specifies the voting, dividend,
conversion, and other rights of such stock and the terms of the preferred stock appear reasonable.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of blank check preferred shares after
analyzing the number of preferred shares available for issue given a companys industry and
performance in terms of shareholder returns.
51
8. Executive and Director Compensation
Equity Compensation Plans
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on equity-based compensation plans. Vote AGAINST the equity plan if any of the
following factors apply:
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The total cost of the companys equity plans is unreasonable; |
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The plan expressly permits the repricing of stock options without prior
shareholder approval; |
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There is a disconnect between CEO pay and the companys performance; |
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The companys three year burn rate exceeds the greater of 2% and the mean plus
one standard deviation of its industry group; or |
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The plan is a vehicle for poor pay practices. |
Poor Pay Practices
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from compensation committee members, the CEO, and potentially the entire
board, if the company has poor compensation practices. Vote AGAINST equity plans if the plan is a
vehicle for poor compensation practices. The following practices, while not exhaustive, are
examples of poor compensation practices:
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Egregious employment contracts (e.g., multi-year guarantees for salary increases,
bonuses, and equity compensation); |
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Excessive perks (overly generous cost and/or reimbursement of taxes for personal use of
corporate aircraft, personal security systems maintenance and/or installation, car
allowances, and/or other excessive arrangements relative to base salary); |
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Abnormally large bonus payouts without justifiable performance linkage or proper
disclosure (e.g., performance metrics that are changed, canceled, or replaced during the
performance period without adequate explanation of the action and the link to performance); |
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Egregious pension/SERP (supplemental executive retirement plan) payouts (inclusion of
additional years of service not worked that result in significant payouts, or inclusion of
performance-based equity awards in the pension calculation; |
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New CEO with overly generous new hire package (e.g., excessive make whole provisions); |
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Excessive severance and/or change-in-control provisions: Inclusion of excessive
change-in-control or severance payments, especially those with a multiple in excess of 3X
cash pay; |
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§ |
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Severance paid for a performance termination, (i.e., due to the
executives failure to perform job functions at the appropriate level); - |
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§ |
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Change-in-control payouts without loss of job or substantial diminution of
job duties (single-triggered); |
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§ |
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Perquisites for former executives such as car allowances, personal use of
corporate aircraft, or other inappropriate arrangements; |
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Poor disclosure practices, (unclear explanation of how the CEO is involved in the pay
setting process, retrospective performance targets and methodology not discussed, or
methodology for benchmarking practices and/or peer group not disclosed and explained); |
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Internal pay disparity (e.g., excessive differential between CEO total pay and that of
next highest-paid named executive officer); |
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Other excessive compensation payouts or poor pay practices at the company. |
Director Compensation
52
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on compensation plans for non-employee directors, based on the cost of the plans
against the companys allowable cap.
On occasion, director stock plans that set aside a relatively small number of shares when combined
with employee or executive stock compensation plans will exceed the allowable cap. Vote for the
plan if ALL of the following qualitative factors in the boards compensation are met and disclosed
in the proxy statement:
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Director stock ownership guidelines with a minimum of three times the annual cash
retainer. |
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Vesting schedule or mandatory holding/deferral period: - |
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§ |
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A minimum vesting of three years for stock options or restricted stock; or
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§ |
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Deferred stock payable at the end of a three-year deferral period. |
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Mix between cash and equity: |
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§ |
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A balanced mix of cash and equity, for example 40 percent cash/60 percent
equity or 50 percent cash/50 percent equity; or |
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§ |
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If the mix is heavier on the equity component, the vesting schedule or
deferral period should be more stringent, with the lesser of five years or the
term of directorship. |
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No retirement/benefits and perquisites provided to non-employee directors; and |
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Detailed disclosure provided on cash and equity compensation delivered to each
non-employee director for the most recent fiscal year in a table. The column headers for
the table may include the following: name of each non-employee director, annual retainer,
board meeting fees, committee retainer, committee-meeting fees, and equity grants. |
Employee Stock Purchase PlansQualified Plans
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on qualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote FOR employee stock purchase
plans where all of the following apply:
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Purchase price is at least 85 percent of fair market value; |
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Offering period is 27 months or less; and |
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The number of shares allocated to the plan is 10 percent or less of the outstanding
shares. |
Vote AGAINST qualified employee stock purchase plans where any of the following apply:
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Purchase price is less than 85 percent of fair market value; or |
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Offering period is greater than 27 months; or |
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The number of shares allocated to the plan is more than 10 percent of the outstanding
shares. |
Employee Stock Purchase PlansNon-Qualified Plans
Vote CASE-by-CASE on nonqualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote FOR nonqualified employee
stock purchase plans with all the following features:
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Broad-based participation (i.e., all employees of the company with the exclusion of
individuals with 5 percent or more of beneficial ownership of the company); |
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Limits on employee contribution, which may be a fixed dollar amount or expressed as a
percent of base salary; |
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Company matching contribution up to 25 percent of employees contribution, which is
effectively a discount of 20 percent from market value; |
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No discount on the stock price on the date of purchase since there is a company matching
contribution. |
Vote AGAINST nonqualified employee stock purchase plans when any of the plan features do not meet
the above criteria. If the company matching contribution exceeds 25 percent of employees
contribution, evaluate the cost of the plan against its allowable cap.
Options Backdating
In cases where a company has practiced options backdating, vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD on a
CASE-BY-CASE basis from the members of the compensation committee, depending on the severity of the
practices and the subsequent
53
corrective actions on the part of the board. Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the compensation
committee members who oversaw the questionable options practices or from current compensation
committee members who fail to respond to the issue proactively, depending on several factors,
including, but not limited to:
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Reason and motive for the options backdating issue (inadvertent vs. deliberate grant
date changes); |
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Length of time of options backdating; |
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Size of restatement due to options backdating; |
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Corrective actions taken by the board or compensation committee, such as canceling or
repricing backdated options, or recoupment of option gains on backdated grants; |
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Adoption of a grant policy that prohibits backdating, and creation of a fixed grant
schedule or window period for equity grants going forward. |
Option Exchange Programs/Repricing Options
Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals seeking approval to exchange/reprice options,
considering:
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Historic trading patternsthe stock price should not be so volatile that the options
are likely to be back in-the-money over the near term; |
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Rationale for the re-pricingwas the stock price decline beyond managements control? |
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Is this a value-for-value exchange? |
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Are surrendered stock options added back to the plan reserve? |
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Option vestingdoes the new option vest immediately or is there a black-out period? |
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Term of the optionthe term should remain the same as that of the replaced option; |
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Exercise priceshould be set at fair market or a premium to market; |
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Participantsexecutive officers and directors should be excluded. |
If the surrendered options are added back to the equity plans for re-issuance, then also take into
consideration the companys three-year average burn rate. In addition to the above considerations,
evaluate the intent, rationale, and timing of the repricing proposal. The proposal should clearly
articulate why the board is choosing to conduct an exchange program at this point in time.
Repricing underwater options after a recent precipitous drop in the companys stock price
demonstrates poor timing. Repricing after a recent decline in stock price triggers additional
scrutiny and a potential AGAINST vote on the proposal. At a minimum, the decline should not have
happened within the past year. Also, consider the terms of the surrendered options, such as the
grant date, exercise price and vesting schedule. Grant dates of surrendered options should be far
enough back (two to three years) so as not to suggest that repricings are being done to take
advantage of short-term downward price movements. Similarly, the exercise price of surrendered
options should be above the 52-week high for the stock price.
Vote FOR shareholder proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.
Stock Plans in Lieu of Cash
Vote CASE-by-CASE on plans that provide participants with the option of taking all or a portion of
their cash compensation in the form of stock, and on plans that do not provide a dollar-for-dollar
cash for stock exchange. In cases where the exchange is not dollar-for-dollar, the request for new
or additional shares for such equity program will be considered using the binomial option pricing
model. In an effort to capture the total cost of total compensation, ISS will not make any
adjustments to carve out the in-lieu-of cash compensation. Vote FOR non-employee director-only
equity plans that provide a dollar-for-dollar cash-for-stock exchange.
Transfer Programs of Stock Options
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from compensation committee members if they fail to submit one-time
transfers to shareholders for approval.
54
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on one-time transfers. Vote FOR if:
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Executive officers and non-employee directors are excluded from participating; |
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Stock options are purchased by third-party financial institutions at a discount to their
fair value using option pricing models such as Black-Scholes or a Binomial Option Valuation
or other appropriate financial models; |
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There is a two-year minimum holding period for sale proceeds (cash or stock) for all
participants. |
Additionally, management should provide a clear explanation of why options are being transferred
and whether the events leading up to the decline in stock price were beyond managements control. A
review of the companys historic stock price volatility should indicate if the options are likely
to be back in-the-money over the near term.
Vote AGAINST equity plan proposals if the details of ongoing Transfer of Stock Options programs are
not provided to shareholders. Since TSOs will be one of the award types under a stock plan, the
ongoing TSO program, structure and mechanics must be disclosed to shareholders. The specific
criteria to be considered in evaluating these proposals include, but not limited, to the following:
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Eligibility; |
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Vesting; |
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Bid-price; |
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Term of options; |
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Transfer value to third-party financial institution, employees and the company. |
Amendments to existing plans that allow for introduction of transferability of stock options should
make clear that only options granted post-amendment shall be transferable.
Shareholder Proposals on Compensation
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay)
Generally, vote FOR shareholder proposals that call for non-binding shareholder ratification of the
compensation of the named executive officers and the accompanying narrative disclosure of material
factors provided to understand the Summary Compensation Table.
Compensation ConsultantsDisclosure of Board or Companys Utilization
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals seeking disclosure regarding the company, board, or
compensation committees use of compensation consultants, such as company name, business
relationship(s) and fees paid.
Disclosure/Setting Levels or Types of Compensation for Executives and Directors
Generally, vote FOR shareholder proposals seeking additional disclosure of executive and director
pay information, provided the information requested is relevant to shareholders needs, would not
put the company at a competitive disadvantage relative to its industry, and is not unduly
burdensome to the company. Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals seeking to set absolute levels on
compensation or otherwise dictate the amount or form of compensation. Vote AGAINST shareholder
proposals requiring director fees be paid in stock only. Vote CASE-BY-CASE on all other shareholder
proposals regarding executive and director pay, taking into account company performance, pay level
versus peers, pay level versus industry, and long-term corporate outlook.
Pay for Superior Performance
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals based on a case-by-case analysis that requests the board
establish a pay-for-superior performance standard in the companys compensation plan for senior
executives. The proposal should have the following principles:
55
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Sets compensation targets for the plans annual and long-term incentive pay components
at or below the peer group median; |
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Delivers a majority of the plans target long-term compensation through
performance-vested, not simply time-vested, equity awards; |
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Provides the strategic rationale and relative weightings of the financial and
non-financial performance metrics or criteria used in the annual and performance-vested
long-term incentive components of the plan; |
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Establishes performance targets for each plan financial metric relative to the
performance of the companys peer companies; |
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Limits payment under the annual and performance-vested long-term incentive components of
the plan to when the companys performance on its selected financial performance metrics
exceeds peer group median performance. |
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Consider the following factors in evaluating this proposal: |
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What aspects of the companys annual and long-term equity incentive programs are
performance-driven? |
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If the annual and long-term equity incentive programs are performance driven, are the
performance criteria and hurdle rates disclosed to shareholders or are they benchmarked
against a disclosed peer group? |
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Can shareholders assess the correlation between pay and performance based on the current
disclosure? |
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What type of industry and stage of business cycle does the company belong to? |
Performance-Based Awards
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposal requesting that a significant amount of future long-term
incentive compensation awarded to senior executives shall be performance-based and requesting that
the board adopt and disclose challenging performance metrics to shareholders, based on the
following analytical steps:
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First, vote FOR shareholder proposals advocating the use of performance-based equity
awards, such as performance contingent options or restricted stock, indexed options or
premium-priced options, unless the proposal is overly restrictive or if the company has
demonstrated that it is using a substantial portion of performance-based awards for its
top executives. Standard stock options and performance-accelerated awards do not meet the
criteria to be considered as performance-based awards. Further, premium-priced options
should have a premium of at least 25 percent and higher to be considered performance-based
awards. |
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Second, assess the rigor of the companys performance-based equity program. If the bar
set for the performance-based program is too low based on the companys historical or peer
group comparison, generally vote FOR the proposal. Furthermore, if target performance
results in an above target payout, vote FOR the shareholder proposal due to programs poor
design. If the company does not disclose the performance metric of the performance-based
equity program, vote FOR the shareholder proposal regardless of the outcome of the first
step to the test. |
In general, vote FOR the shareholder proposal if the company does not meet both of these two
requirements.
Pre-Arranged Trading Plans (10b5-1 Plans)
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for certain principles regarding the use of
prearranged trading plans (10b5-1 plans) for executives. These principles include:
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Adoption, amendment, or termination of a 10b5-1 plan must be disclosed within two
business days in a Form 8-K; |
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Amendment or early termination of a 10b5-1 plan is allowed only under extraordinary
circumstances, as determined by the board; |
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Ninety days must elapse between adoption or amendment of a 10b5-1 plan and initial
trading under the plan; |
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Reports on Form 4 must identify transactions made pursuant to a 10b5-1 plan; |
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An executive may not trade in company stock outside the 10b5-1 Plan. |
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Trades under a 10b5-1 plan must be handled by a broker who does not handle other
securities transactions for the executive. |
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Recoup Bonuses
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to recoup unearned incentive bonuses or other incentive
payments made to senior executives if it is later determined that fraud, misconduct, or negligence
significantly contributed to a restatement of financial results that led to the awarding of
unearned incentive compensation, taking into consideration:
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If the company has adopted a formal recoupment bonus policy; or |
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If the company has chronic restatement history or material financial problems. |
Severance Agreements for Executives/Golden Parachutes
Vote FOR shareholder proposals requiring that golden parachutes or executive severance agreements
be submitted for shareholder ratification, unless the proposal requires shareholder approval
prior to entering into employment contracts. Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on proposals to ratify
or cancel golden parachutes. An acceptable parachute should include, but is not limited to, the
following:
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The triggering mechanism should be beyond the control of management; |
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The amount should not exceed three times base amount (defined as the average annual
taxable W-2 compensation during the five years prior to the change of control); |
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Change-in-control payments should be double-triggered, i.e., (1) after a change in
control has taken place, and (2) termination of the executive as a result of the change in
control. Change in control is defined as a change in the company ownership structure. |
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans (SERPs)
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting to put extraordinary benefits contained in SERP
agreements to a shareholder vote unless the companys executive pension plans do not contain
excessive benefits beyond what is offered under employee-wide plans. Generally vote FOR shareholder
proposals requesting to limit the executive benefits provided under the companys supplemental
executive retirement plan (SERP) by limiting covered compensation to a senior executives annual
salary and excluding of all incentive or bonus pay from the plans definition of covered
compensation used to establish such benefits.
9. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Issues
Consumer Lending
Vote CASE-BY CASE on requests for reports on the companys lending guidelines and procedures,
including the establishment of a board committee for oversight, taking into account:
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Whether the company has adequately disclosed mechanisms to prevent abusive lending
practices; |
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Whether the company has adequately disclosed the financial risks of the lending products
in question; |
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Whether the company has been subject to violations of lending laws or serious lending
controversies; |
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Peer companies policies to prevent abusive lending practices. |
Pharmaceutical Pricing
Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting that companies implement specific price restraints on
pharmaceutical products unless the company fails to adhere to legislative guidelines or industry
norms in its product pricing.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting that the company evaluate their product pricing
considering:
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The existing level of disclosure on pricing policies; |
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Deviation from established industry pricing norms; |
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The companys existing initiatives to provide its products to needy consumers; |
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Whether the proposal focuses on specific products or geographic regions. |
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Product Safety and Toxic Materials
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting the company to report on its policies,
initiatives/procedures, and oversight mechanisms related to toxic materials and/or product safety
in its supply chain, unless:
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The company already discloses similar information through existing reports or policies
such as a supplier code of conduct and/or a sustainability report; |
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The company has formally committed to the implementation of a toxic materials and/or
product safety and supply chain reporting and monitoring program based on industry norms or
similar standards within a specified time frame; and |
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The company has not been recently involved in relevant significant controversies or
violations. |
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on resolutions requesting that companies develop a feasibility assessment to
phaseout of certain toxic chemicals and/or evaluate and disclose the financial and legal risks
associated with utilizing certain chemicals, considering:
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Current regulations in the markets in which the company operates; |
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Recent significant controversy, litigation, or fines stemming from toxic chemicals or
ingredients at the company; and |
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The current level of disclosure on this topic. |
Climate Change
In general, vote FOR resolutions requesting that a company disclose information on the impact of
climate change on the companys operations unless:
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The company already provides current, publicly available information on the perceived
impact that climate change may have on the company as well as associated policies and
procedures to address such risks and/or opportunities; |
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The companys level of disclosure is comparable to or better than information provided
by industry peers; and |
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There are no significant fines, penalties, or litigation associated with the companys
environmental performance. |
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting a report on greenhouse gas emissions from company
operations and/or products unless this information is already publicly disclosed or such factors
are not integral to the companys line of business. Generally vote AGAINST proposals that call for
reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by specified amounts or within a restrictive time frame
unless the company lags industry standards and has been the subject of recent, significant fines,
or litigation resulting from greenhouse gas emissions.
Political Contributions and Trade Associations Spending
Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking the company to affirm political nonpartisanship in the
workplace so long as:
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The company is in compliance with laws governing corporate political activities; and |
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The company has procedures in place to ensure that employee contributions to
company-sponsored political action committees (PACs) are strictly voluntary and not
coercive. |
Vote AGAINST proposals to publish in newspapers and public media the companys political
contributions as such publications could present significant cost to the company without providing
commensurate value to shareholders. Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to improve the disclosure of a
companys political contributions and trade association spending, considering:
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Recent significant controversy or litigation related to the companys political
contributions or governmental affairs; and |
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The public availability of a company policy on political contributions and trade
association spending including information on the types of organizations supported, the
business rationale for supporting these organizations, and the oversight and compliance
procedures related to such expenditures. |
Vote AGAINST proposals barring the company from making political contributions. Businesses are
affected by legislation at the federal, state, and local level and barring contributions can put
the company at a competitive disadvantage. Vote AGAINST proposals asking for a list of company
executives, directors, consultants, legal counsels, lobbyists, or investment bankers that have
prior government service and whether such service had a bearing on the business of the company.
Such a list would be burdensome to prepare without providing any meaningful information to
shareholders.
Sustainability Reporting
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting the company to report on policies and initiatives
related to social, economic, and environmental sustainability, unless:
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The company already discloses similar information through existing reports or policies
such as an environment, health, and safety (EHS) report; a comprehensive code of corporate
conduct; and/or a diversity report; or |
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The company has formally committed to the implementation of a reporting program based on
Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines or a similar standard within a specified time
frame. |
Glass Lewis Summary Domestic Proxy Paper Policy Guidelines:
I. ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
Board of Directors
Boards are put in place to represent shareholders and protect their interests. Glass Lewis seeks
boards with a proven record of protecting shareholders and delivering value over the medium- and
long-term. In our view, boards working to protect and enhance the best interests of shareholders
typically consist of at least two-thirds independent directors, have a record of positive
performance and include directors with a breadth and depth of experience.
Board Composition
We look at each individual on the board and examine his or her relationships with the company,
the companys executives and with other board members. The purpose of this inquiry is to determine
whether pre-existing personal, familial or financial relationships are likely to impact the
decisions of that board member.
We vote in favor of governance structures that will drive positive performance and enhance
shareholder value. The most crucial test of a boards commitment to the company and to its
shareholders is the performance of the board and its members. The performance of directors in their
capacity as board members and as executives of the company, when applicable, and in their roles at
other companies where they serve is critical to this evaluation.
We believe a director is independent if he or she has no material financial, familial or other
current relationships with the company, its executives or other board members except for service on
the board and standard fees paid for that service. Relationships that have existed within the five
years prior to the inquiry are usually considered to be current for purposes of this test.
In our view, a director is affiliated if he or she has a material financial, familial or other
relationship with the company or its executives, but is not an employee of the company. This
includes directors whose employers have a material financial relationship with the Company. This
also includes a director who owns or controls 25% or more of the companys voting stock.
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We define an inside director as one who simultaneously serves as a director and as an employee of
the company. This category may include a chairman of the board who acts as an employee of the
company or is paid as an employee of the company.
Although we typically vote for the election of directors, we will withhold from directors for the
following reasons:
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A director who attends less than 75% of the board and applicable committee
meetings. |
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A director who fails to file timely form(s) 4 or 5 (assessed on a case-by-case
basis). |
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A director who is also the CEO of a company where a serious restatement has
occurred after the CEO certified the pre-restatement financial statements. |
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All board members who served at a time when a poison pill was adopted without
shareholder approval within the prior twelve months. |
We also feel that the following conflicts of interest may hinder a directors performance and will
therefore withhold from a:
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CFO who presently sits on the board. |
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Director who presently sits on an excessive number of boards |
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Director, or a director whose immediate family member, provides material
professional services to the company at any time during the past five years. |
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Director, or a director whose immediate family member, engages in airplane, real
estate or other similar deals, including perquisite type grants from the company. |
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Director with an interlocking directorship. |
Board Committee Composition
All key committees including audit, compensation, governance, and nominating committees should be
composed solely of independent directors and each committee should be focused on fulfilling its
specific duty to shareholders. We typically recommend that shareholders withhold their votes for
any affiliated or inside director seeking appointment to an audit, compensation, nominating or
governance committee or who has served in that capacity in the past year.
Review of the Compensation Discussion and Analysis Report
We review the CD&A in our evaluation of the overall compensation practices of a company, as
overseen by the compensation committee. In our evaluation of the CD&A, we examine, among other
factors, the extent to which the company has used performance goals in determining overall
compensation, how well the company has disclosed performance metrics and goals and the extent to
which the performance metrics, targets and goals are implemented to enhance company performance. We
would recommend voting against the chair of the compensation committee where the CD&A provides
insufficient or unclear information about performance metrics and goals, where the CD&A indicates
that pay is not tied to performance, or where the compensation committee or management has
excessive discretion to alter performance terms or increase amounts of awards in contravention of
previously defined targets.
Separation of the roles of Chairman and CEO
Glass Lewis believes that separating the roles of corporate officers and the chairman of the board
is a better governance structure than a combined executive/chairman position. The role of
executives is to manage the business on the basis of the course charted by the board. Executives
should be in the position of reporting and answering to the board for their performance in
achieving the goals set out by such board. This becomes much more complicated when management
actually sits on, or chairs, the board.
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We view an independent chairman as better able to oversee the executives of the company and set a
pro-shareholder agenda without the management conflicts that a CEO and other executive insiders
often face. This, in turn, leads to a more proactive and effective board of directors that is
looking out for the interests of shareholders above all else.
We do not withhold votes from CEOs who serve on or chair the board. However, we do support a
separation between the roles of chairman of the board and CEO, whenever that question is posed in a
proxy.
In the absence of an independent chairman, we support the appointment of a presiding or lead
director with authority to set the agenda for the meetings and to lead sessions outside the
presence of the insider chairman.
Majority Voting for the Election of Directors
Glass Lewis will generally support proposals calling for the election of directors by a majority
vote in place of plurality voting. If a majority vote standard were implemented, a nominee would
have to receive the support of a majority of the shares voted in order to assume the role of a
director. Thus, shareholders could collectively vote to reject a director they believe will not
pursue their best interests. We think that this minimal amount of protection for shareholders is
reasonable and will not upset the corporate structure nor reduce the willingness of qualified
shareholder-focused directors to serve in the future.
Classified Boards
Glass Lewis favors the repeal of staggered boards in favor of the annual election of directors. We
believe that staggered boards are less accountable to shareholders than annually elected boards.
Furthermore, we feel that the annual election of directors encourages board members to focus on
protecting the interests of shareholders.
Mutual Fund Boards
Mutual funds, or investment companies, are structured differently than regular public companies
(i.e., operating companies). Members of the funds adviser are typically on the board and
management takes on a different role than that of other public companies. As such, although many of
our guidelines remain the same, the following differences from the guidelines at operating
companies apply at mutual funds:
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We believe three-fourths of the boards of investment companies should be made up of
independent directors, a stricter standard than the two-thirds independence standard we
employ at operating companies. |
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We recommend withholding votes from the chairman of the nominating committee at an
investment company if the chairman and CEO of a mutual fund are the same person and the
fund does not have an independent lead or presiding director. |
II. FINANCIAL REPORTING
Auditor Ratification
We believe that role of the auditor is crucial in protecting shareholder value. In our view,
shareholders should demand the services of objective and well-qualified auditors at every company
in which they hold an interest. Like directors, auditors should be free from conflicts of interest
and should assiduously avoid situations that require them to make choices between their own
interests and the interests of the shareholders.
Glass Lewis generally supports managements recommendation regarding the selection of an auditor.
However, we recommend voting against the ratification of auditors for the following reasons:
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When audit fees added to audit-related fees total less than one-third of total
fees. |
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When there have been any recent restatements or late filings by the company where
the auditor bears some responsibility for the restatement or late filing (e.g., a
restatement due to a reporting error). |
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When the company has aggressive accounting policies. |
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When the company has poor disclosure or lack of transparency in financial
statements. |
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When there are other relationships or issues of concern with the auditor that
might suggest a conflict between the interest of the auditor and the interests of
shareholders. |
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When the company is changing auditors as a result of a disagreement between the
company and the auditor on a matter of accounting principles or practices, financial
statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedures. |
Auditor Rotation
We typically support audit related proposals regarding mandatory auditor rotation when the proposal
uses a reasonable period of time (usually not less than 5-7 years).
Pension Accounting Issues
Proxy proposals sometimes raise the question as to whether pension accounting should have an effect
on the companys net income and therefore be reflected in the performance of the business for
purposes of calculating payments to executives. It is our view that pension credits should not be
included in measuring income used to award performance-based compensation. Many of the assumptions
used in accounting for retirement plans are subject to the discretion of a company, and management
would have an obvious conflict of interest if pay were tied to pension income.
III. COMPENSATION
Equity Based Compensation Plans
Glass Lewis evaluates option and other equity-based compensation on a case-by-case basis. We
believe that equity compensation awards are a useful tool, when not abused, for retaining and
incentivizing employees to engage in conduct that will improve the performance of the company.
We evaluate option plans based on ten overarching principles:
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Companies should seek additional shares only when needed. |
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The number of shares requested should be small enough that companies need
shareholder approval every three to four years (or more frequently). |
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If a plan is relatively expensive, it should not be granting options solely to
senior executives and board members. |
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Annual net share count and voting power dilution should be limited. |
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Annual cost of the plan (especially if not shown on the income statement) should
be reasonable as a percentage of financial results and in line with the peer group. |
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The expected annual cost of the plan should be proportional to the value of the
business. |
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The intrinsic value received by option grantees in the past should be reasonable
compared with the financial results of the business. |
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Plans should deliver value on a per-employee basis when compared with programs at
peer companies. |
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Plans should not permit re-pricing of stock options. |
Option Exchanges
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Option exchanges are reviewed on a case-by-case basis, although they are approached with great
skepticism. Repricing is tantamount to a re-trade. We will support a repricing only if the
following conditions are true:
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Officers and board members do not participate in the program. |
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The stock decline mirrors the market or industry price decline in terms of timing
and approximates the decline in magnitude. |
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The exchange is value neutral or value creative to shareholders with very
conservative assumptions and a recognition of the adverse selection problems
inherent in voluntary programs. |
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Management and the board make a cogent case for needing to incentivize and retain
existing employees, such as being in a competitive employment market. |
Performance Based Options
We generally recommend that shareholders vote in favor of performance-based option requirements. We
feel that executives should be compensated with equity when their performance and that of the
company warrants such rewards. We believe that boards can develop a consistent, reliable approach,
as boards of many companies have, that would attract executives who believe in their ability to
guide the company to achieve its targets.
Linking Pay with Performance
Executive compensation should be linked directly with the performance of the business the executive
is charged with managing. Glass Lewis grades companies on an A to F scale based on our analysis of
executive compensation relative to performance and that of the companys peers and will recommend
withholding votes for the election of compensation committee members at companies that receive a
grade of F.
Director Compensation Plans
Non-employee directors should receive compensation for the time and effort they spend serving on
the board and its committees. In particular, we support compensation plans that include
equity-based awards, which help to align the interests of outside directors with those of
shareholders. Director fees should be competitive in order to retain and attract qualified
individuals.
Options Expensing
We will always recommend a vote in favor of a proposal to expense stock options. We believe that
stock options are an important component of executive compensation and that the expense of that
compensation should be reflected in a companys operational earnings. When companies do not to
expense options, the effect of options on the companys finances is obscured and accountability for
their use as a means of compensation is greatly diminished.
Limits on Executive Compensation
Proposals to limit executive compensation will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. As a general
rule, we believe that executive compensation should be left to the boards compensation committee.
We view the election of directors, and specifically those who sit on the compensation committee, as
the appropriate mechanism for shareholders to express their disapproval or support of board policy
on this issue.
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Limits on Executive Stock Options
We favor the grant of options to executives. Options are a very important component of compensation
packages designed to attract and retain experienced executives and other key employees. Tying a
portion of an executives compensation to the performance of the company also provides an excellent
incentive to maximize share values by those in the best position to affect those values.
Accordingly, we typically vote against caps on executive stock options.
IV. GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE
Anti-Takeover Measures
Poison Pills (Shareholder Rights Plans)
Glass Lewis believes that poison pill plans generally are not in the best interests of
shareholders. Specifically, they can reduce management accountability by substantially limiting
opportunities for corporate takeovers. Rights plans can thus prevent shareholders from receiving a
buy-out premium for their stock.
We believe that boards should be given wide latitude in directing the activities of the company and
charting the companys course. However, on an issue such as this where the link between the
financial interests of shareholders and their right to consider and accept buyout offers is so
substantial, we believe that shareholders should be allowed to vote on whether or not they support
such a plans implementation.
In certain limited circumstances, we will support a limited poison pill to accomplish a particular
objective, such as the closing of an important merger, or a pill that contains what we believe to
be a reasonable qualifying offer clause.
Right of Shareholders to Call a Special Meeting
We will vote in favor of proposals that allow shareholders to call special meetings. In order to
prevent abuse and waste of corporate resources by a very small minority of shareholders, we believe
that such rights should be limited to a minimum threshold of at least 15% of the shareholders
requesting such a meeting.
Shareholder Action by Written Consent
We will vote in favor of proposals that allow shareholders to act by written consent. In order to
prevent abuse and waste of corporate resources by a very small minority of shareholders, we believe
that such rights should be limited to a minimum threshold of at least 15% of the shareholders
requesting action by written consent.
Authorized Shares
Proposals to increase the number of authorized shares will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
Adequate capital stock is important to the operation of a company. When analyzing a request for
additional shares, we typically review four common reasons why a company might need additional
capital stock beyond what is currently available:
1. Stock split
2. Shareholder defenses
3. Financing for acquisitions
4. Financing for operations
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Unless we find that the company has not disclosed a detailed plan for use of the proposed shares,
or where the number of shares far exceeds those needed to accomplish a detailed plan, we typically
recommend in favor of the authorization of additional shares.
Voting Structure
Cumulative Voting
Glass Lewis will vote for proposals seeking to allow cumulative voting. Cumulative voting is a
voting process that maximizes the ability of minority shareholders to ensure representation of
their views on the board. Cumulative voting generally operates as a safeguard for by ensuring that
those who hold a significant minority of shares are able to elect a candidate of their choosing to
the board.
Supermajority Vote Requirements
Glass Lewis favors a simple majority voting structure. Supermajority vote requirements act as
impediments to shareholder action on ballot items that are critical to our interests. One key
example is in the takeover context where supermajority vote requirements can strongly limit
shareholders input in making decisions on such crucial matters as selling the business.
Shareholder Proposals
Shareholder proposals are evaluated on a case-by-case basis. We generally favor proposals that are
likely to increase shareholder value and/or promote and protect shareholder rights. We typically
prefer to leave decisions regarding day-to-day management of the business and policy decisions
related to political, social or environmental issues to management and the board except when we see
a clear and direct link between the proposal and some economic or financial issue for the company.
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APPENDIX B RATINGS OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES
From time to time, the fund may report the percentage of its assets that fall into the rating
categories set forth below.
BONDS
MOODYS INVESTORS SERVICE
Aaa Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree
of investment risk and are generally referred to as gilt edged. Interest payments are protected
by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various
protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to
impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Aa Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the
Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high-grade bonds. They are rated lower than the
best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of
protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make
the long term risk appear somewhat larger than the Aaa securities.
A Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as
upper-medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered
adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment some time in the
future.
Baa Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations (i.e., they are neither
highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for
the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable
over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact
have speculative characteristics as well.
Ba Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be
considered as well-assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very
moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future.
Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.
B Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of
interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long
period of time may be small.
STANDARD & POORS CORPORATION
INVESTMENT GRADE
AAA Debt rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by S&P. Capacity to pay interest and repay
principal is extremely strong.
AA Debt rated AA has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal and differs
from the highest rated debt only in small degree.
A Debt rated A has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal, although it is
somewhat more susceptible to adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions
than debt in higher-rated categories.
BBB Debt rated BBB is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay
principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions
or changing circumstances are more
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likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category
than in higher rated categories.
SPECULATIVE GRADE
Debt rated BB and B is regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with
respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal. While such debt will likely have some
quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk
exposures to adverse conditions.
BB Debt rated BB has less near-term vulnerability to default than other speculative grade debt.
However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or
economic conditions that could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal
payments. The BB rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is
assigned an actual or implied BBB- rating.
B Debt rate B has greater vulnerability to default but presently has the capacity to meet
interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions
would likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal. The B rating
category also is used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied
BB or BB- rating.
FITCH, INC.
INVESTMENT GRADE BOND
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AAA
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Bonds considered to be investment grade and of the highest
credit quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong
ability to pay interest and repay principal, which is unlikely
to be affected by reasonably foreseeable events. |
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AA
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Bonds considered to be investment grade and of very high
credit quality. The obligors ability to pay interest and
repay principal is very strong, although not quite as strong
as bonds rated AAA. Because bonds rated in the AAA and
AA categories are not significantly vulnerable to
foreseeable future developments, short term debt of these
issuers is generally rated F1+. |
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A
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Bonds considered to be investment grade and of high credit
quality. The obligors ability to pay interest and repay
principal is considered to be strong, but may be more
vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions and
circumstances than bonds with higher ratings. |
|
|
|
BBB
|
|
Bonds considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory
credit quality. The obligors ability to pay interest and
repay principal is considered to be adequate. Adverse changes
in economic conditions and circumstances, however, are more
likely to have adverse impact on these bonds, and therefore
impair timely payment. The likelihood that the ratings of
these bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than
for bonds with higher ratings. |
|
|
|
SPECULATIVE GRADE BOND |
|
|
|
BB
|
|
Bonds are considered speculative. The obligors ability to pay
interest and repay principal may be affected over time by
adverse economic changes. However, business and financial
alternatives can be identified which could assist the obligor
in satisfying its debt service requirements. |
|
|
|
B
|
|
Bonds are considered highly speculative. While bonds in this
class are currently meeting debt service requirements, the
probability of continued timely payment of principal and
interest reflects the obligors limited margin of safety and
the need for reasonable business and economic activity
throughout the life of the issue. |
67
DOMINION BOND RATING SERVICE
Bond and Long Term Debt Rating Scale
As is the case with all DBRS rating scales, long term debt ratings are meant to give an indication
of the risk that the borrower will not fulfill its full obligations in a timely manner with respect
to both interest and principal commitments. DBRS ratings do not take factors such as pricing or
market risk into consideration and are expected to be used by purchasers as one part of their
investment process. Every DBRS rating is based on quantitative and qualitative considerations that
are relevant for the borrowing entity.
AAA: Highest Credit Quality
AA: Superior Credit Quality
A: Satisfactory Credit Quality
BBB: Adequate Credit Quality
BB: Speculative
B: Highly Speculative
CCC: Very Highly Speculative
CC: Very Highly Speculative
C: Very Highly Speculative
AAA Bonds rated AAA are of the highest credit quality, with exceptionally strong protection for
the timely repayment of principal and interest. Earnings are considered stable, the structure of
the industry in which the entity operates is strong, and the outlook for future profitability is
favorable. There are few qualifying factors present which would detract from the performance of the
entity, the strength of liquidity and coverage ratios is unquestioned and the entity has
established a creditable track record of superior performance. Given the extremely tough definition
which DBRS has established for this category, few entities are able to achieve a AAA rating.
AA Bonds rated AA are of superior credit quality, and protection of interest and principal is
considered high. In many cases, they differ from bonds rated AAA only to a small degree. Given the
extremely tough definition which DBRS has for the AAA category (which few companies are able to
achieve), entities rated AA are also considered to be strong credits which typically exemplify
above-average strength in key areas of consideration and are unlikely to be significantly affected
by reasonably foreseeable events.
A Bonds rated A are of satisfactory credit quality. Protection of interest and principal is
still substantial, but the degree of strength is less than with AA rated entities. While a
respectable rating, entities in the A category are considered to be more susceptible to adverse
economic conditions and have greater cyclical tendencies than higher rated companies.
BBB Bonds rated BBB are of adequate credit quality. Protection of interest and principal is
considered adequate, but the entity is more susceptible to adverse changes in financial and
economic conditions, or there may be other adversities present which reduce the strength of the
entity and its rated securities.
BB Bonds rated BB are defined to be speculative, where the degree of protection afforded
interest and principal is uncertain, particularly during periods of economic recession. Entities in
the BB area typically have limited access to capital markets and additional liquidity support and,
in many cases, small size or lack of competitive strength may be additional negative
considerations.
B Bonds rated B are highly speculative and there is a reasonably high level of uncertainty
which exists as to the
68
ability of the entity to pay interest and principal on a continuing basis in the future, especially
in periods of economic recession or industry adversity.
CCC / CC / C Bonds rated in any of these categories are very highly speculative and are in
danger of default of interest and principal. The degree of adverse elements present is more severe
than bonds rated B. Bonds rated below B often have characteristics which, if not remedied, may
lead to default. In practice, there is little difference between the C to CCC categories, with
CC and C normally used to lower ranking debt of companies where the senior debt is rated in the
CCC to B range.
D This category indicates Bonds in default of either interest or principal.
(HIGH, LOW) grades are used to indicate the relative standing of a credit within a particular
rating category. The lack of one of these designations indicates a rating which is essentially in
the middle of the category. Note that high and low grades are not used for the AAA category.
COMMERCIAL PAPER AND SHORT-TERM DEBT RATING SCALE
Dominion Bond Rating Service
As is the case with all DBRS rating scales, commercial paper ratings are meant to give an
indication of the risk that the borrower will not fulfill its obligations in a timely manner. DBRS
ratings do not take factors such as pricing or market risk into consideration and are expected to
be used by purchasers as one part of their investment process. Every DBRS rating is based on
quantitative and qualitative considerations which are relevant for the borrowing entity.
R-1: Prime Credit Quality
R-2: Adequate Credit Quality
R-3: Speculative
All three DBRS rating categories for short term debt use high, middle or low as subset grades
to designate the relative standing of the credit within a particular rating category. The following
comments provide separate definitions for the three grades in the Prime Credit Quality area, as
this is where ratings for active borrowers in Canada continue to be heavily concentrated.
R-1 (HIGH) Short term debt rated R-1 (high) is of the highest credit quality, and indicates an
entity which possesses unquestioned ability to repay current liabilities as they fall due. Entities
rated in this category normally maintain strong liquidity positions, conservative debt levels and
profitability which is both stable and above average. Companies achieving an R-1 (high) rating
are normally leaders in structurally sound industry segments with proven track records, sustainable
positive future results and no substantial qualifying negative factors. Given the extremely tough
definition which DBRS has established for an R-1 (high), few entities are strong enough to
achieve this rating.
R-1 (MIDDLE) Short term debt rated R-1 (middle) is of superior credit quality and, in most
cases, ratings in this category differ from R-1 (high) credits to only a small degree. Given the
extremely tough definition which DBRS has for the R-1 (high) category (which few companies are
able to achieve), entities rated R-1 (middle) are also considered strong credits which typically
exemplify above average strength in key areas of consideration for debt protection.
R-1 (LOW) Short term debt rated R-1 (low) is of satisfactory credit quality. The overall
strength and outlook for key liquidity, debt and profitability ratios is not normally as favorable
as with higher rating categories, but these considerations are still respectable. Any qualifying
negative factors which exist are considered manageable, and the entity is normally of sufficient
size to have some influence in its industry.
69
R-2 (HIGH), R-2 (MIDDLE), R-2 (LOW) Short term debt rated R-2 is of adequate credit quality
and within the three subset grades, debt protection ranges from having reasonable ability for
timely repayment to a level which is considered only just adequate. The liquidity and debt ratios
of entities in the R-2 classification are not as strong as those in the R-1 category, and the
past and future trend may suggest some risk of maintaining the strength of key ratios in these
areas. Alternative sources of liquidity support are considered satisfactory; however, even the
strongest liquidity support will not improve the commercial paper rating of the issuer. The size of
the entity may restrict its flexibility, and its relative position in the industry is not typically
as strong as an R-1 credit. Profitability trends, past and future, may be less favorable,
earnings not as stable, and there are often negative qualifying factors present which could also
make the entity more vulnerable to adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
R-3 (HIGH), R-3 (MIDDLE), R-3 (LOW) Short term debt rated R-3 is speculative, and within
the three subset grades, the capacity for timely payment ranges from mildly speculative to
doubtful. R-3 credits tend to have weak liquidity and debt ratios, and the future trend of these
ratios is also unclear. Due to its speculative nature, companies with R-3 ratings would normally
have very limited access to alternative sources of liquidity. Earnings would typically be very
unstable, and the level of overall profitability of the entity is also likely to be low. The
industry environment may be weak, and strong negative qualifying factors are also likely to be
present.
SHORT TERM NOTES AND VARIABLE RATE DEMAND OBLIGATIONS
MOODYS INVESTORS SERVICE
Short term notes/variable rate demand obligations bearing the designations MIG-1/VMIG-1 are
considered to be of the best quality, enjoying strong protection from established cash flows,
superior liquidity support or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.
Obligations rated MIG-2/VMIG-3 are of high quality and enjoy ample margins of protection although
not as large as those of the top rated securities.
STANDARD & POORS CORPORATION
An S&P SP-1 rating indicates that the subject securities issuer has a strong capacity to pay
principal and interest. Issues determined to possess very strong safety characteristics are given a
plus (+) designation. S&Ps determination that an issuer has a satisfactory capacity to pay
principal and interest is denoted by an SP-2 rating.
FITCH, INC.
Obligations supported by the highest capacity for timely repayment are rated F1+. An F1 rating
indicates that the obligation is supported by a very strong capacity for timely repayment.
Obligations rated F2 are supported by a good capacity for timely repayment, although adverse
changes in business, economic, or financial conditions may affect this capacity.
COMMERCIAL PAPER
MOODYS INVESTORS SERVICE
Prime-1 is the highest commercial paper rating assigned by Moodys. Issuers (or related supporting
institutions) of commercial paper with this rating are considered to have a superior ability to
repay short term promissory obligations. Issuers (or related supporting institutions) of securities
rated Prime-2 are viewed as having a strong capacity to repay short term promissory obligations.
This capacity will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics of issuers whose commercial
paper is rated Prime-1 but to a lesser degree.
70
STANDARD & POORS CORPORATION
A Standard & Poors Corporation (S&P) A-1 commercial paper rating indicates a strong degree of
safety regarding timely payment of principal and interest. Issues determined to possess
overwhelming safety characteristics are denoted A-1+. Capacity for timely payment on commercial
paper rated A-2 is satisfactory, but the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues
designated A-1.
FITCH, INC.
F1+ is the highest category, and indicates the strongest degree of assurance for timely payment.
Issues rated F1 reflect an assurance of timely payment only slightly less than issues rated F1+.
Issues assigned an F2 rating have a satisfactory degree of assurance for timely payment, but the
margin of safety is not as great as for issues in the first two rating categories.
71
PART C OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 23. EXHIBITS.
(a) |
(1) |
|
Third Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant
incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 60 to the
Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the SEC on October 23, 2007 (referred to
herein as, PEA No. 60); |
(b) |
(1) |
|
Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant incorporated herein by
reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A
filed with the SEC on December 17, 2007; |
|
(c) |
|
Reference is made to Article 5 of the Third Amended and Restated Agreement and
Declaration of Trust of the Registrant; |
(d) |
(1) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg U.S.
Small Capitalization Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. incorporated
herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 46 to the Registration Statement on Form
N-1A filed with the SEC on March 12, 2004 (referred to herein as, PEA No. 46); |
|
|
(2) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
International Small Capitalization Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(3) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
Long/Short Equity Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. incorporated
herein by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(4) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
U.S. Large Capitalization Growth Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(5) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
International Equity Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. incorporated
herein by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(6) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg U.
S. Discovery Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. incorporated herein
by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(7) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg U.S.
Large Capitalization Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. incorporated
herein by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(8) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
U.S. Large Capitalization Value Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registration
Statement on Form N-1A filed with the SEC on April 14, 2006 (referred to herein as,
PEA No. 56); |
|
|
(9) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
International Discovery Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to the Registration
Statement on Form N-1A filed with the SEC on July 28, 2006 (referred to herein as, PEA
No. 57); |
|
|
(10) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Mondrian
Emerging Markets Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. incorporated
herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 60 to the Registration Statement on
Form N-1A filed with the SEC on October 23, 2007 (referred to herein as, PEA No. 60); |
|
(11) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Mondrian
International Fixed Income Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 60; |
|
|
(12) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Mondrian
International Equity Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. incorporated
herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 65 to the Registration Statement on
Form N-1A filed with the SEC on July 30, 2008 (referred to herein as, PEA No. 65); |
|
|
(13) |
|
Management Contract between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Mondrian
Global Equity Fund and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. incorporated herein
by reference to PEA No. 65; |
|
|
(14) |
|
Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
U.S. Small Capitalization Fund, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and AXA
Rosenberg Investment Management LLC incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(15) |
|
Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
International Small Capitalization Fund, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and
AXA Rosenberg Investment Management LLC incorporated herein by reference to PEA No.
46; |
|
|
(16) |
|
Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
Value Long/Short Equity Fund, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and AXA
Rosenberg Investment Management LLC incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(17) |
|
Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
U.S. Large Capitalization Growth Fund, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and
AXA Rosenberg Investment Management LLC incorporated herein by reference to PEA No.
46; |
|
|
(18) |
|
Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
International Equity Fund, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and AXA Rosenberg
Investment Management LLC incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(19) |
|
Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
U. S. Discovery Fund, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and AXA Rosenberg
Investment Management LLC incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(20) |
|
Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
U.S. Large Capitalization Fund, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and AXA
Rosenberg Investment Management LLC incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 46; |
|
|
(21) |
|
Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
U.S. Large Capitalization Value Fund, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and AXA
Rosenberg Investment Management LLC incorporated herein by reference to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 53 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with
the SEC on December 22, 2005; |
|
|
(22) |
|
Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Rosenberg
International Discovery Fund, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., AXA Rosenberg
Investment Management LLC incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 57; |
|
|
(23) |
|
Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its Laudus Mondrian
Emerging Markets Fund andLaudus Mondrian International Fixed Income Fund, Charles Schwab
Investment Management, Inc., Mondrian Investment Partners Limited incorporated herein
by reference to PEA No. 60; |
|
|
(24) |
|
Amendment to the Subadviser Agreement between the Registrant on behalf of its
Laudus Mondrian International Equity Fund and Laudus Mondrian Global Equity Fund and
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. incorporated herein by reference to PEA No.
65; |
2
|
(e) |
(1) Distribution Agreement by and among the Registrant, Laudus Institutional Trust,
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and ALPS Distributors, Inc., incorporated
herein by reference to PEA No. 56; |
|
(2) |
|
Amendment to the Distribution Agreement incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 65 |
|
(f) |
(1) Amended and Restated Laudus Funds Retirement Plan for Trustees incorporated herein
by reference to PEA No. 65; |
|
(g) |
(1) Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement by and among the Registrant and State
Street Bank and Trust Company incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 56; |
|
(2) |
|
Amendment to the Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement incorporated
herein by reference to PEA No. 65; |
(h) |
(1) |
|
Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between the Registrant and Boston Financial
Data Services, Inc. incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 56; |
|
|
(2) |
|
Amendment to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement incorporated herein by
reference to PEA No. 65; |
|
|
(3) |
|
Amended and Restated Expense Limitation Agreement between Charles Schwab
Investment Management, Inc. and the Registrant incorporated herein by reference to
PEA No. 65; |
|
|
(4) |
|
Administration Agreement by and between State Street Bank and Trust Company and
the Registrant incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 56; |
|
|
(5) |
|
Amendment to the Administration Agreement incorporated herein by reference to
PEA No. 65; |
|
|
(6) |
|
Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State
Street Bank and Trust Company incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 56; |
|
|
(7) |
|
Amendment to the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement incorporated
herein by reference to PEA No. 65; |
|
(i) |
Opinion and Consent of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP
regarding the validity of the shares to be issued by the Registrant
is filed herewith; |
(j) |
(1) |
|
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms Consent to be filed by amendment; |
|
|
(2) |
|
Power of Attorney of Nils H. Hakansson incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 60; |
|
|
(3) |
|
Power of Attorney of Mariann Byerwalter incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 60; |
|
|
(4) |
|
Power of Attorney of William A. Hasler incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 60; |
|
|
(5) |
|
Power of Attorney of Randall W. Merk incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 60; |
|
|
(6) |
|
Power of Attorney of George Pereira incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 60; |
|
|
(7) |
|
Power of Attorney of Jeffrey Mortiner is filed herewith; |
|
(k) |
None; |
|
|
(l) |
Investment letter regarding initial capital incorporated herein by reference to
Post-Effective Amendment No. 45 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the
SEC on July 31, 2003; |
|
|
(m) |
Amended and Restated Distribution and Shareholder Service Plan for Investor Shares
incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 24 to the Registration
Statement on Form N-1A filed with the SEC on May 28, 1999; |
|
|
(n) |
Further Amended and Restated Multi-Class Plan incorporated herein by reference to PEA
No. 65; |
3
(p) |
(1) |
|
Code of Ethics of the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.,
investment adviser to the Funds incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 65; |
|
|
(2) |
|
Code of Ethics of AXA Rosenberg Investment Management LLC, investment subadviser
to the Funds incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 to
the Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed with the SEC on May 27, 2005; |
|
|
(3) |
|
Code of Ethics of ALPS Distributors, Inc., principal underwriter to the Fund
incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 56; |
|
|
(4) |
|
Code of Ethics of Mondrian Investment Partners LLP, investment subadviser to the
Laudus Mondrian Emerging Markets Fund and Laudus International Fixed Income Fund
incorporated herein by reference to PEA No. 65; |
ITEM 24. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH REGISTRANT.
The Board of Trustees of the Registrant is identical to that of the Laudus Institutional Trust
and similar to the Board of Trustees of other Funds advised by Charles Schwab Investment
Management, Inc. However, the officers of the Fund are different. That fact, together with the fact
that the power residing in the respective boards and officers arises as the result of an official
position with the Fund, leads the Registrant to take the position that it is not under common
control with these other Funds.
ITEM 25. INDEMNIFICATION.
(a) Indemnification
Article VIII of the Registrants Third Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust
reads as follows (referring to the Registrant as the Trust):
ARTICLE VIII
Indemnification
SECTION 1. TRUSTEES, OFFICERS, ETC. The Trust shall indemnify each of its Trustees and
officers (including persons who serve at the Trusts request as directors, officers or trustees of
another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise)
(hereinafter referred to as a Covered Person) against all liabilities and expenses, including but
not limited to amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines and penalties,
and counsel fees reasonably incurred by any Covered Person in connection with the defense or
disposition of any action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, before any court or
administrative or legislative body, in which such Covered Person may be or may have been involved
as a party or otherwise or with which such Covered Person may be or may have been threatened, while
in office or thereafter, by reason of being or having been such a Covered Person except with
respect to any matter as to which such Covered Person shall have been finally adjudicated in any
such action, suit or other proceeding to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of
willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in
the conduct of such Covered Persons office. Expenses, including counsel fees so incurred by any
such Covered Person (but excluding amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as
fines or penalties), shall be paid from time to time by the Trust in advance of the final
disposition of any such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf
of such Covered Person to repay amounts so paid to the Trust if it is ultimately determined that
indemnification of such expenses is not authorized under this Article, provided, however, that
either (a) such Covered Person shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking, (b)
the Trust shall be insured against losses arising from any such advance payments or (c) either a
majority of the disinterested Trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the
disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter), or independent legal counsel in a written
opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a
full trial type inquiry) that there is reason to believe that such Covered Person will be found
entitled to indemnification under this Article.
4
SECTION 2. COMPROMISE PAYMENT. As to any matter disposed of (whether by a compromise payment,
pursuant to a consent decree or otherwise) without an adjudication by a court, or by any other body
before which the proceeding was brought, that such Covered Person is liable to the Trust or its
Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of
the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office, indemnification shall be provided if (a)
approved, after notice that it involves such indemnification, by at least a majority of the
disinterested Trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the disinterested Trustees
then in office act on the matter) upon a determination, based upon a review of readily available
facts (as opposed to a full trial type inquiry) that such Covered Person is not liable to the Trust
or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless
disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office, or (b) there has been
obtained an opinion in writing of independent legal counsel, based upon a review of readily
available facts (as opposed to a full trial type inquiry) to the effect that such indemnification
would not protect such Person against any liability to the Trust to which he would otherwise be
subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the
duties involved in the conduct of his office. Any approval pursuant to this Section shall not
prevent the recovery from any Covered Person of any amount paid to such Covered Person in
accordance with this Section as indemnification if such Covered Person is subsequently adjudicated
by a court of competent jurisdiction to have been liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason
of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in
the conduct of such Covered Persons office.
SECTION 3. INDEMNIFICATION NOT EXCLUSIVE. The right of indemnification hereby provided shall
not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which such Covered Person may be entitled. As
used in this Article VIII, the term Covered Person shall include such persons heirs, executors
and administrators and a disinterested Trustee is a Trustee who is not an interested person of
the Trust as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (or who
has been exempted from being an interested person by any rule, regulation or order of the
Commission) and against whom none of such actions, suits or other proceedings or another action,
suit or other proceeding on the same or similar grounds is then or has been pending. Nothing
contained in this Article shall affect any rights to indemnification to which personnel of the
Trust, other than Trustees or officers, and other persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise
under law, nor the power of the Trust to purchase and maintain liability insurance on behalf of any
such person; provided, however, that the Trust shall not purchase or maintain any such liability
insurance in contravention of applicable law, including without limitation the 1940 Act.
SECTION 4. SHAREHOLDERS. In case any Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be held to be
personally liable solely by reason of his or her being or having been a Shareholder and not because
of his or her acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or
his or her heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives or in the case of a
corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled to be held
harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability, but only
out of the assets of the particular series of Shares of which he or she is or was a Shareholder.
ITEM 26. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER.
The Registrants investment adviser, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., a Delaware
corporation, organized in October 1989, also serves as the investment manager to the Laudus
Institutional Trust, Schwab Capital Trust, The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments,
and Schwab Annuity Portfolios, each an open-end, management investment company. The principal place
of business of the investment adviser is 101 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California 94104.
The only business in which the investment adviser engages is that of investment adviser and
administrator to the Schwab Capital Trust, The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments,
Schwab Annuity Portfolios and any other investment companies that Schwab may sponsor in the future,
investment adviser to the Registrant and the Laudus Institutional Trust and an investment adviser
to certain non-investment company clients.
The business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which each
director and/or senior or executive officer of the investment adviser (CSIM) is or has been engaged
during the past two fiscal years is listed below. The name of any company for which any director
and/or senior or executive officer of the investment adviser serves as director, officer, employee,
partner or trustee is also listed below.
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Connection with |
Name and Position with Adviser |
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Name of Company |
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Other Company |
Charles R. Schwab, Chairman |
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Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. |
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Chairman |
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The Charles Schwab Bank, N.A.
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Chairman, Director |
5
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Connection with |
Name and Position with Adviser |
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Name of Company |
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Other Company |
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The Charles Schwab Corporation
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Chairman |
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Schwab Holdings, Inc.
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Chief Executive Officer |
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Schwab International Holdings, Inc.
Schwab (SIS) Holdings, Inc.
Charles Schwab Holdings (UK) |
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Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Chairman |
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Schwab Funds |
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Trustee and Chairman |
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U.S. Trust Corporation |
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Chairman, Director |
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All Kinds of Minds
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Director |
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Charles and Helen Schwab Foundation |
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Director |
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Stanford University
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Trustee |
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Randall W. Merk
President and Chief Executive
Officer, Director
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Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
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Executive Vice President and
President, Investment Management
Services |
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Schwab Funds
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President and Chief Executive
Officer |
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Laudus Trust Laudus Institutional Trust |
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Trustee |
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Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds, PLC
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Director |
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Charles Schwab Asset Management
(Ireland) Limited
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Director |
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Excelsior Funds Inc.
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Trustee |
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Excelsior Tax-Exempt Funds, Inc. |
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Excelsior Funds Trust |
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Koji Felton
Senior Vice President, Chief
Counsel and Corporate
Secretary
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Schwab Funds
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Secretary and Chief Legal Officer |
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Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.
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Senior Vice President, Deputy
General Counsel |
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Laudus Trust and Laudus Institutional Trust |
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Chief Legal Officer |
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Excelsior Funds Inc.
Excelsior Tax-Exempt Funds, Inc. Excelsior Funds Trust |
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Chief Legal Officer |
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George Pereira
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
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Schwab Funds |
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Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer |
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Laudus Trust and Laudus
Institutional Trust
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Chief Financial Officer |
6
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Connection with |
Name and Position with Adviser |
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Name of Company |
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Other Company |
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Excelsior Funds Inc.
Excelsior Tax-Exempt Funds, Inc. Excelsior Funds Trust |
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Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer |
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Mutual Fund Division, UST Advisers, Inc.
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Chief Financial Officer |
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Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds, PLC
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Director |
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Charles Schwab Asset Management
(Ireland) Limited
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Director |
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Jeffrey M. Mortimer
Senior Vice President and
Chief Investment Officer
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Laudus Trust and Laudus
Institutional Trust
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President and Chief Investment
Officer |
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Schwab Funds
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Senior Vice President and Chief
Investment Officer |
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Randall Fillmore
Senior Vice President and
Chief Compliance Officer
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Schwab Funds
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Chief Compliance Officer |
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Laudus Trust and Laudus
Institutional Trust
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Chief Compliance Officer |
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Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
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Senior Vice President |
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Excelsior Funds Inc.
Excelsior Tax-Exempt Funds, Inc.
Excelsior Funds Trust |
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Chief Compliance Officer |
AXA Rosenberg Investment Management LLC (AXA) was organized as a limited
liability company under the laws of the State of Delaware in 1998, and is registered as an
investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. AXA provides investment
advisory services to a substantial number of institutional investors and to this Trust with respect
to AXA, the response to this Item will be incoporated by reference to AXAs
Uniform Application for Invsetment Adviser Registration C (Form ADV) on file with the SEC. AXAs Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SECs website at
www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
Mondrian Investment Partners Limited (Mondrian) was established as a limited company
organized under the laws of England and Wales in 1990 under the name Delaware International
Advisers Limited, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Delaware Holdings, Inc. In 2004, a senior
management team, together with private equity funds sponsored by Hellman & Friedman LLC, acquired
Delaware International Advisers Limited and changed its name to Mondrian Investment Partners
Limited. Mondrian is currently 61% owned by its senior employees, including the majority of
investment professionals, senior client service officers, and senior operations personnel, and 39%
owned by private equity funds affiliated with Hellman & Friedman, LLC. Mondrians principal office
is located at Fifth Floor 10 Gresham Street London EC2V 7JD. Hellman & Friedmans principal office
is located at One Maritime Plaza, 12th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94111. Mondrian is registered
as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Mondrian provides
investment advisory services to a substantial number of institutional and high net worth investors,
as well as to several funds in the Laudus Trust and this Trust. With respect to Mondrian, the
response to this Item will be incorporated by reference to Mondrians Uniform Application for
Investment Adviser Registration (Form ADV) on file with the SEC. Mondrians Form ADV may be
obtained, free of charge, at the SECs website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
ITEM 27. PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITERS.
(a) The
sole principal underwriter for each series of the Registrant is ALPS
Distributors, Inc. (ALPS) which
acts as distributor for the Registrant and the following other funds: AARP Funds, Agile Funds,
Ameristock Mutual Fund, Inc., BLDRS Index Fund Trust, CornerCap Group of Funds, DIAMONDS Trust,
Drake Funds, Financial Investors Trust, Financial Investors Variable Insurance Trust, First
7
Funds, Firsthand Funds, Forward Funds, Henssler Funds, Inc., Holland Balanced Fund, MidCap SPDR
Trust, Milestone Funds, Nasdaq-100 Trust, PowerShares Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Select Sector
SPDR Trust, State Street Institutional Investment Trust, Stonebridge Funds Trust, Utopia Funds, W.
P. Stewart Funds, Wasatch Funds, Westcore Trust and Williams Capital Management Trust.
ALPS is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission as a broker-dealer
and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. ALPS is located at
1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, CO 80203.
(b) Information
with respect to ALPs directors and officers is as follows:
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Positions and |
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Positions and Offices |
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Offices |
Name |
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with Underwriter |
|
with Registrant |
|
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Edmund J. Burke
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President
|
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None |
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Managing Director Business Development, |
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Thomas A. Carter
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Director |
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None |
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Jeremy O. May
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Managing Director Operations and
Client Service; Assistant Secretary, Director |
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None |
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John C. Donaldson
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Chief Financial Officer
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None |
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Robert J. Szydlowski
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Chief Technology Officer
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None |
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Diana Adams
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Vice President, Controller, Treasurer
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None |
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Tane T. Tyler
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General Counsel, Secretary
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None |
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Bradley J. Swenson
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Chief Compliance Officer
|
|
None |
The
principal business address of all directors and officers of
ALPS is 1625
Broadway, Suite 2200, Denver, Colorado, 80202.
(c) None
ITEM 28. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS.
All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the 1940
Act, as amended, and the Rules thereunder will be maintained at the offices of:
1) |
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Laudus Trust, 101 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, CA 94104 |
|
2) |
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Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., 101 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, CA
94104 |
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3) |
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Mondrian Investment Partners Limited, 10 Gresham Street, London EC2V 7JD |
|
4) |
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AXA Rosenberg Investment Management LLC 4 Orinda Way, Building E, Orinda, CA 94563 |
|
5) |
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State Street Bank and Trust Company, Boston, MA 02103 |
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6) |
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Boston Financial Data Services, P.O. Box 8032, Boston, Massachusetts 02266 |
8
7) |
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ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1625 Broadway, Suite 2200, Denver, Colorado 80202 |
ITEM 29. MANAGEMENT SERVICES.
None.
ITEM 30. UNDERTAKINGS.
Not applicable.
9
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act), and
the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Post-Effective
Amendment No. 66 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized, in the
City of Philadelphia, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, on this 25th day of February 2009.
|
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LAUDUS TRUST
|
|
|
By: |
Jeffrey Mortimer*
|
|
|
|
Jeffrey Mortimer |
|
|
|
Chief Executive Officer, Chief
Investment Officer & President |
|
|
Pursuant to the requirements of the 1933 Act, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 to
Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A has been signed below by the following persons in
the capacities indicated this 25th day of February, 2009.
|
|
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Signature |
|
Title |
|
|
Chief Executive Officer, Chief Investment Officer & President |
Jeffrey Mortimer |
|
|
|
|
|
George Pereira*
George Pereira
|
|
Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
|
|
|
Randall W. Merk*
Randall W. Merk
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
|
Mariann Byerwalter*
Mariann Byerwalter
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
|
Nils H. Hakansson*
Nils H. Hakansson
|
|
Trustee |
|
|
|
William A. Hasler*
William A. Hasler
|
|
Trustee |
|
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*By:
|
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/s/ Timothy W. Levin
|
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Timothy W. Levin, Attorney-in-Fact |
|
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Pursuant to Power of Attorney |
|
|
Exhibit Index
(i) |
|
Opinion and Consent of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP
regarding the validity of the shares to be issued by the Registrant |
|
(j)(7) |
|
Power of Attorney of Jeffrey Mortiner |
10