The following tables present related party balances and the income (expense) generated by related party transactions:



	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
	(in millions)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	486	$	245
Interest bearing deposits with banks	1,484		1,000
Securities purchased under agreements to resell⁽¹⁾	1,341		—
Trading assets	98		102
Loans	2,828		2,274
Other⁽²⁾	239		169
Total assets	$	6,476	$	3,790
Liabilities:
Deposits	$	11,543	$	12,000
Trading liabilities	1,087		349
Short-term borrowings	4,964		638
Long-term debt	7,847		7,845
Other⁽²⁾	284		333
Total liabilities	$	25,725	$	21,165


⁽¹⁾	Reflects purchases of securities under which other HSBC affiliates have agreed to repurchase.


⁽²⁾	Other assets and other liabilities primarily consist of derivative balances associated with hedging activities and other miscellaneous account receivables and payables.



	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
	(in millions)
Income (Expense):
Interest income	$	44		$	26		$	134		$	72
Interest expense	(151		)	(96		)	(427		)	(264		)
Net interest expense	(107		)	(70		)	(293		)	(192		)
Trading revenue (expense)	551			(504		)	(972		)	27
Servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates:
HSBC Bank plc	40			48			121			132
HSBC Markets (USA) Inc. ("HMUS")	27			31			84			92
Other HSBC affiliates	21			24			52			65
Total servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates	88			103			257			289
Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives	98			241			1,518			(62		)
Support services from HSBC affiliates:
HSBC Technology & Services (USA) ("HTSU")	(274		)	(301		)	(849		)	(909		)
HMUS	(24		)	(22		)	(74		)	(78		)
Other HSBC affiliates	(96		)	(76		)	(262		)	(228		)
Total support services from HSBC affiliates	(394		)	(399		)	(1,185		)	(1,215		)
Rental income from HSBC affiliates, net⁽¹⁾	16			10			40			36
Stock based compensation expense⁽²⁾	(6		)	(6		)	(20		)	(21		)


⁽¹⁾	We receive rental income from our affiliates, and in some cases pay rental expense to our affiliates, for rent on certain office space. Net rental income from our affiliates is recorded as a component of occupancy expense, net in our consolidated statement of income (loss).

⁽²⁾

Employees may participate in one or more stock compensation plans sponsored by HSBC. These expenses are included in salaries and employee benefits in our consolidated statement of income (loss). Certain employees are also eligible to participate in a defined benefit pension plan and other postretirement plans sponsored by HSBC North America which are discussed in Note 12, "Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits."