Fee Income from Contracts with Customers

The following table summarizes fee income from contracts with customers disaggregated by type of activity, as well as a reconciliation to total other revenues, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. See Note 21, "Fee Income from Contracts with Customers," in our 2018 Form 10-K for a description of the various types of fee-based activities and how revenue associated with these activities is recognized. There have been no significant changes in these activities since December 31, 2018.



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
	(in millions)
Credit card fees, net	$	18	$	12	$	48	$	38
Trust and investment management fees	34		31		95		103
Other fees and commissions:
Account services⁽¹⁾	68		70		201		218
Credit facilities	73		90		223		254
Other fees⁽¹⁾	14		11		40		43
Total other fees and commissions	155		171		464		515
Servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates	88		103		257		289
Insurance⁽²⁾	3		3		9		9
Total fee income from contracts with customers	298		320		873		954
Other non-fee revenues	188		166		439		582
Total other revenues⁽³⁾	$	486	$	486	$	1,312	$	1,536


⁽¹⁾	During the fourth quarter of 2018, we concluded that certain wire transfer fees would be better presented in account services as opposed to other fees. As a result, we have reclassified $2 million and $12 million of wire transfer fees from other fees to account services during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 to conform with the current year presentation.


⁽²⁾	Included within other income (loss) in the consolidated statement of income (loss).


⁽³⁾	See Note 15, "Business Segments," for a reconciliation of total other revenues on a U.S. GAAP basis to other operating income for each business segment under the Group Reporting Basis.

Credit card fees, net We recognized interchange fees of $25 million and $73 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared with $22 million and $65 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Credit card rewards program costs totaled $11 million and $33 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared with $11 million and $32 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Deferred Fee Income

Information related to deferred fee income on loan commitments, revolving credit facilities and standby letters of credit is included in Note 18, "Guarantee Arrangements, Pledged Assets and Repurchase Agreements," and Note 19, "Fair Value Measurements." Excluding these items, we had deferred fee income related to certain account service fees that are paid upfront and recognized over the service period and annual fees on credit cards which collectively totaled $2 million at both September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. We expect to recognize this revenue over a remaining period of one year or less.

Other than trust and investment management fees as discussed in our 2018 Form 10-K, we do not use significant judgments in the determination of the amount and timing of fee income from contracts with customers. Additionally, costs to obtain or fulfill contracts with customers were immaterial.