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Allowance for Credit Losses - Summary of Changes in Allowance for Credit Losses and Related Loan Balance by Product (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Sep. 30, 2015
Jun. 30, 2015
Mar. 31, 2015
Dec. 31, 2014
Sep. 30, 2014
Jun. 30, 2014
Mar. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2015
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Dec. 31, 2015
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Balance at beginning of period       $ 680       $ 606 $ 680 $ 606 $ 647      
Provision for credit losses $ 267 $ 47 $ (6) 53 $ 64 $ 23 $ 85 16 361 188 193      
Charge offs                 (167) (169) (288)      
Recoveries                 38 55 54      
Net (charge offs) recoveries                 (129) (114) (234)      
Balance at end of period 912       680       912 680 606      
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment                       $ 823 $ 603 $ 496
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment                       89 77 110
Total allowances for credit losses 912     680 680     606 680 606 647 912 680 606
Collectively evaluated for impairment [1]                       80,736 75,630 65,341
Individually evaluated for impairment [2]                       660 530 742
Loans carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell                       1,521 1,581 1,612
Total loans                       82,917 77,741 67,695
Commercial Loans [Member]                            
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Total loans                       62,453 58,087  
Commercial Loans [Member] | Construction and Other Real Estate [Member]                            
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Balance at beginning of period       89       108 89 108 162      
Provision for credit losses                 2 2 (7)      
Charge offs                 (10) (24) (62)      
Recoveries                 5 3 15      
Net (charge offs) recoveries                 (5) (21) (47)      
Balance at end of period 86       89       86 89 108      
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment                       85 84 76
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment                       1 5 32
Total allowances for credit losses 86     89 89     108 89 108 162 86 89 108
Collectively evaluated for impairment [1]                       9,890 10,103 8,701
Individually evaluated for impairment [2]                       110 197 333
Loans carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell                       0 0 0
Total loans                       10,000 10,300 9,034
Commercial Loans [Member] | Business and Corporate Banking [Member]                            
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Balance at beginning of period       275       112 275 112 97      
Provision for credit losses                 218 174 48      
Charge offs                 (69) (19) (42)      
Recoveries                 10 8 9      
Net (charge offs) recoveries                 (59) (11) (33)      
Balance at end of period 434       275       434 275 112      
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment                       382 251 109
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment                       52 24 3
Total allowances for credit losses 434     275 275     112 275 112 97 434 275 112
Collectively evaluated for impairment [1]                       18,824 17,729 14,420
Individually evaluated for impairment [2]                       292 90 26
Loans carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell                       0 0 0
Total loans                       19,116 17,819 14,446
Commercial Loans [Member] | Global Banking [Member]                            
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Balance at beginning of period       107       68 107 68 41      
Provision for credit losses                 133 47 26      
Charge offs                 0 (8) 0      
Recoveries                 0 0 1      
Net (charge offs) recoveries                 0 (8) 1      
Balance at end of period 240       107       240 107 68      
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment                       240 107 63
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment                       0 0 5
Total allowances for credit losses 240     107 107     68 107 68 41 240 107 68
Collectively evaluated for impairment [1]                       29,925 26,387 21,560
Individually evaluated for impairment [2]                       44 0 65
Loans carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell                       0 0 0
Total loans                       29,969 26,387 21,625
Commercial Loans [Member] | Other Commercial [Member]                            
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Balance at beginning of period       21       20 21 20 17      
Provision for credit losses                 (2) (7) (5)      
Charge offs                 (1) (1) 0      
Recoveries                 1 9 8      
Net (charge offs) recoveries                 0 8 8      
Balance at end of period 19       21       19 21 20      
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment                       18 20 20
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment                       1 1 0
Total allowances for credit losses 19     21 21     20 21 20 17 19 21 20
Collectively evaluated for impairment [1]                       3,361 3,573 3,346
Individually evaluated for impairment [2]                       7 8 43
Loans carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell                       0 0 0
Total loans                       3,368 3,581 3,389
Consumer Loans [Member]                            
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Total loans                       20,464 19,654  
Consumer Loans [Member] | Residential Mortgages [Member]                            
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Balance at beginning of period       107       186 107 186 210      
Provision for credit losses                 (15) (40) 42      
Charge offs                 (35) (55) (78)      
Recoveries                 11 16 12      
Net (charge offs) recoveries                 (24) (39) (66)      
Balance at end of period 68       107       68 107 186      
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment                       35 64 120
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment                       33 43 66
Total allowances for credit losses 68     107 107     186 107 186 210 68 107 186
Collectively evaluated for impairment [1]                       16,112 14,926 14,034
Individually evaluated for impairment [2]                       197 224 247
Loans carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell                       1,449 1,511 1,545
Total loans                       17,758 16,661 15,826
Consumer Loans [Member] | Home Equity Mortgages [Member]                            
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Balance at beginning of period       32       49 32 49 45      
Provision for credit losses                 (4) (14) 54      
Charge offs                 (8) (13) (52)      
Recoveries                 4 10 2      
Net (charge offs) recoveries                 (4) (3) (50)      
Balance at end of period 24       32       24 32 49      
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment                       23 30 47
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment                       1 2 2
Total allowances for credit losses 24     32 32     49 32 49 45 24 32 49
Collectively evaluated for impairment [1]                       1,523 1,709 1,924
Individually evaluated for impairment [2]                       5 5 20
Loans carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell                       72 70 67
Total loans                       1,600 [3] 1,784 2,011
Consumer Loans [Member] | Credit Cards [Member]                            
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Balance at beginning of period       39       50 39 50 55      
Provision for credit losses                 20 23 32      
Charge offs                 (32) (41) (41)      
Recoveries                 5 7 4      
Net (charge offs) recoveries                 (27) (34) (37)      
Balance at end of period 32       39       32 39 50      
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment                       31 37 48
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment                       1 2 2
Total allowances for credit losses 32     39 39     50 39 50 55 32 39 50
Collectively evaluated for impairment [1]                       694 714 846
Individually evaluated for impairment [2]                       5 6 8
Loans carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell                       0 0 0
Total loans                       699 [4] 720 854
Consumer Loans [Member] | Other consumer [Member]                            
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses [Roll Forward]                            
Balance at beginning of period       10       13 10 13 20      
Provision for credit losses                 9 3 3      
Charge offs                 (12) (8) (13)      
Recoveries                 2 2 3      
Net (charge offs) recoveries                 (10) (6) (10)      
Balance at end of period 9       10       9 10 13      
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment                       9 10 13
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment                       0 0 0
Total allowances for credit losses $ 9     $ 10 $ 10     $ 13 $ 10 $ 13 $ 20 9 10 13
Collectively evaluated for impairment [1]                       407 489 510
Individually evaluated for impairment [2]                       0 0 0
Loans carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value less cost to sell                       0 0 0
Total loans                       $ 407 $ 489 $ 510
[1] Global Banking includes loans to HSBC affiliates totaling $4,815 million, $4,821 million and $5,328 million at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, for which we do not carry an associated allowance for credit losses.
[2] For consumer loans and certain small business loans, these amounts represent TDR Loans for which we evaluate reserves using a discounted cash flow methodology. Each loan is individually identified as a TDR Loan and then grouped together with other TDR Loans with similar characteristics. The discounted cash flow analysis is then applied to these groups of TDR Loans. Loans individually evaluated for impairment exclude TDR loans that are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value of the collateral less cost to sell which totaled $881 million, $763 million and 706 million at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
[3] Home equity mortgage maturities reflect estimates based on historical payment patterns.
[4] As credit card receivables do not have stated maturities, the table reflects estimates based on historical payment patterns.