Related Party Transactions

In the normal course of business, we conduct transactions with HSBC and its subsidiaries. HSBC policy requires that these transactions occur at prevailing market rates and terms and include funding arrangements, derivative transactions, servicing arrangements, information technology support, centralized support services, banking and other miscellaneous services and where applicable, these transactions are compliant with United States banking regulations. All extensions of credit by (and certain credit exposures of) HSBC Bank USA to other HSBC affiliates (other than Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insured banks) are legally required to be secured by eligible collateral. The following tables and discussions below present the more significant related party balances and the income (expense) generated by related party transactions:



At December 31,	2015		2014
	(in millions)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	169	$	140
Interest bearing deposits with banks	244		928
Securities purchased under agreements to resell⁽¹⁾	4,000		—
Trading assets⁽²⁾	18,632		20,194
Loans	4,815		4,821
Other⁽³⁾	458		983
Total assets	$	28,318	$	27,066
Liabilities:
Deposits	$	13,486	$	16,596
Trading liabilities⁽²⁾	19,496		21,130
Short-term borrowings	2,004		847
Long-term debt	1,827		3,981
Other⁽³⁾	346		459
Total liabilities	$	37,159	$	43,013


⁽¹⁾	Reflects overnight purchases of U.S. Treasury securities which HSBC Securities (USA) Inc. ("HSI") has agreed to repurchase.


⁽²⁾	Trading assets and trading liabilities do not reflect the impact of netting which allows the offsetting of amounts relating to certain contracts if certain conditions are met. Trading assets and liabilities primarily consist of derivatives contracts.


⁽³⁾	Other assets and other liabilities primarily consist of derivative contracts.



Year Ended December 31,	2015			2014			2013
	(in millions)
Income/(Expense):
Interest income	$	117		$	71		$	46
Interest expense	(63		)	(66		)	(78		)
Net interest income (expense)	54			5			(32		)
Trading revenue (expense)	402			(676		)	(2,611		)
Servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates:
HSBC Bank plc	82			49			31
HSBC Finance Corporation	53			81			86
HSBC Markets (USA) Inc. ("HMUS")	25			22			20
Other HSBC affiliates	53			47			65
Total servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates	213			199			202
Gain (loss) on instruments designed at fair value and related derivatives	(116		)	453			788
Support services from HSBC affiliates:
HMUS	(256		)	(248		)	(246		)
HSBC Technology & Services (USA) ("HTSU")	(999		)	(1,103		)	(1,000		)
Other HSBC affiliates	(180		)	(198		)	(213		)
Total support services from HSBC affiliates	(1,435		)	(1,549		)	(1,459		)
Stock based compensation expense with HSBC⁽¹⁾	(49		)	(46		)	(34		)


⁽¹⁾	Employees may participate in one or more stock compensation plans sponsored by HSBC. These expenses are included in salaries and employee benefits in our consolidated statement of income (loss). Employees also may participate in a defined benefit pension plan and other postretirement plans sponsored by HSBC North America which are discussed in Note 20, "Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits."

Funding Arrangements with HSBC Affiliates:

We use HSBC affiliates to fund a portion of our borrowing and liquidity needs. At December 31, 2014, long-term debt with affiliates reflected $4.0 billion in floating rate senior debt with HSBC North America. During the first quarter of 2015, we repaid this debt in full. At December 31, 2015, long-term debt with affiliates reflected $1.0 billion in floating rate senior debt and $0.9 billion in floating rate subordinated debt with HSBC North America. These borrowings were issued during the second quarter of 2015 and mature in December 2016 and May 2025, respectively. See Note 23, "Retained Earnings and Regulatory Capital Requirements," for additional details.

We have a $150 million uncommitted line of credit with HSBC North America Inc. ("HNAI") although there was no outstanding balance at either December 31, 2015 or 2014.

We have also incurred short-term borrowings with certain affiliates, largely securities sold under repurchase agreements with HSI. In addition, certain affiliates have also placed deposits with us.

Lending and Derivative Related Arrangements Extended to HSBC Affiliates:

At December 31, 2015 and 2014, we have the following loan balances outstanding with HSBC affiliates:



At December 31,	2015		2014
	(in millions)
HSBC Finance Corporation	$	3,014	$	3,014
HSBC Markets (USA) Inc. ("HMUS") and subsidiaries	978		563
HSBC Bank Brasil S.A.	—		1,108
HSBC Mexico S.A.	725		75
Other short-term affiliate lending	98		61
Total loans	$	4,815	$	4,821

HSBC Finance Corporation We have extended a $5.0 billion, 364-day uncommitted unsecured revolving credit agreement to HSBC Finance which expires during the fourth quarter of 2016. The credit agreement allows for borrowings with maturities of up to 5 years. At both December 31, 2015 and 2014, $3.0 billion was outstanding under this credit agreement with $0.5 billion maturing in September 2017, $1.5 billion maturing in January 2018 and $1.0 billion maturing in September 2018. We have also extended a committed revolving credit facility to HSBC Finance of $1.0 billion which did not have any outstanding balance at either December 31, 2015 or 2014. This credit facility expires in May 2017.

HMUS and subsidiaries We have extended loans and lines, some of them uncommitted, to HMUS and its subsidiaries in the amount of $10.7 billion and $6.7 billion at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, of which $978 million and $563 million, respectively, was outstanding. The maturities of the outstanding borrowings range from overnight to three months. Each borrowing is re-evaluated prior to its maturity date and either extended or allowed to mature.

HSBC Bank Brasil S.A. We have extended uncommitted lines of credit to HSBC Bank Brasil in the amount of $1.2 billion at both December 31, 2015 and 2014, of which $1.1 billion was outstanding at December 31, 2014. During the fourth quarter of 2015, this amount was repaid in full.

HSBC Mexico S.A. We have extended an uncommitted line of credit to HSBC Mexico in the amount of $1.2 billion at both December 31, 2015 and 2014, of which $725 million and $75 million was outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The outstanding balances mature at various stages between 2016 and 2018.

We have extended lines of credit to various other HSBC affiliates totaling $2.1 billion which did not have any outstanding balances at either December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Other short-term affiliate lending In addition to loans and lines extended to affiliates discussed above, from time to time we may extend loans to affiliates which are generally short term in nature. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, there were $98 million and $61 million, respectively, of these loans outstanding.

HUSI is also committed to provide liquidity facilities to backstop the liquidity risk in Regency, an asset-backed commercial paper conduit consolidated by an HSBC affiliate, in relation to assets originated in the U.S. The notional amount of the liquidity facilities provided by HUSI to Regency was approximately $3.4 billion as of December 31, 2015, which is less than half of Regency's total liquidity facilities.

As part of a global HSBC strategy to offset interest rate or other market risks associated with certain securities, debt issues and derivative contracts with unaffiliated third parties, we routinely enter into derivative transactions with HSBC Finance, HSBC Bank plc and other HSBC affiliates. The notional value of derivative contracts related to these transactions was approximately $1,004.1 billion and $1,082.6 billion at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The net credit exposure (defined as the net fair value of derivative assets and liabilities, including any collateral received) related to the contracts was approximately $216 million and $1,166 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Our Global Banking and Markets business accounts for these transactions on a mark to market basis, with the change in value of contracts with HSBC affiliates substantially offset by the change in value of related contracts entered into with unaffiliated third parties.

Services Provided Between HSBC Affiliates:

Under multiple service level agreements, we provide services to and receive services from various HSBC affiliates. The following summarizes these activities:

•

Servicing activities for residential mortgage loans across North America are performed both by us and HSBC Finance. As a result, we receive servicing fees from HSBC Finance for services performed on their behalf and pay servicing fees to HSBC Finance for services performed on our behalf. The fees we receive from HSBC Finance are reported in servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates. Fees we pay to HSBC Finance are reported in support services from HSBC affiliates. This includes fees paid for the servicing of residential mortgage loans (with a carrying amount of $696 million and $837 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively) that we purchased from HSBC Finance in 2003 and 2004.

•

HSBC North America's technology and certain centralized support services including human resources, corporate affairs, risk management, legal, compliance, tax, finance and other shared services that are centralized within HTSU. HTSU also provides certain item processing and statement processing activities to us. The fees we pay HTSU for the centralized support services and processing activities are included in support services from HSBC affiliates. We also receive fees from HTSU for providing certain administrative services to them. The fees we receive from HTSU are included in servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates. In certain cases, for facilities used by HTSU, we may guarantee their performance under the lease agreements.


•	We use HSBC Global Services Limited, an HSBC affiliate located outside of the United States, to provide various support services to our operations including among other areas, customer service, systems, collection and accounting functions. The expenses related to these services are included in support services from HSBC affiliates.

•

We utilize HSI for broker dealer, debt underwriting, customer referrals, loan syndication and other treasury and traded markets related services, pursuant to service level agreements. Fees charged by HSI for broker dealer, loan syndication services, treasury and traded markets related services are included in support services from HSBC affiliates. Debt underwriting fees charged by HSI are deferred as a reduction of long-term debt and amortized to interest expense over the life of the related debt. Customer referral fees paid to HSI are netted against customer fee income, which is included in other fees and commissions.

Other Transactions with HSBC Affiliates

We received revenue from our affiliates for rent on certain office space, which has been recorded as a component of support services from HSBC affiliates. Rental revenue from our affiliates totaled $58 million, $55 million and $50 million during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.