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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2013
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes

We file a consolidated federal income tax return, consolidated unitary tax returns in certain states, and other separate state income tax returns for our subsidiary companies.

The income tax provision for interim periods is determined based upon the expected effective income tax rate for the full year and the tax rate applicable to certain discrete transactions in the interim period. To determine the annual effective income tax rate, we must estimate both the total income (loss) before income tax for the full year and the jurisdictions in which that income (loss) is subject to tax. The actual effective income tax rate for the full year may differ from these estimates if income (loss) before income tax is greater or less than what was estimated or if the allocation of income (loss) to jurisdictions in which it is taxed is different from the estimated allocations. We review and adjust our estimated effective income tax rate for the full year each quarter based upon our most recent estimates of income (loss) before income tax for the full year and the jurisdictions in which we expect that income will be taxed.

The effective income tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, was 114% and 56.0%, respectively. The primary reason for the difference between these rates and the U.S. Federal statutory rate of 35% is the impact of state taxes, non-deductible expenses and reserves for uncertain tax positions (including interest). We recognized $2.4 million of previously unrecognized tax benefits in the first six months of 2013 upon settlement of audits or when the statutes of limitations lapsed in certain tax jurisdictions.

Deferred tax assets totaled $39.6 million at June 30, 2013. Management believes that it is more likely than not that we will realize the benefits of our Federal deferred tax assets and therefore has not recorded a valuation allowance for our Federal deferred tax assets. If economic conditions worsen, future estimates of taxable income could be lower than our current estimates, which may require valuation allowances to be recorded in future reporting periods.

During the period ended June 30, 2013, deferred tax assets relating to employee share-based compensation from the vesting of RSU's and the exercise of stock options have not been recognized since we are in a net tax loss position as of June 30, 2013. The additional tax benefits will be reflected as net operating loss carryforwards when we file our tax return for 2013, but the additional tax benefits are not recorded under GAAP until the tax deduction reduces taxes payable. The amount of unrecognized tax deductions for the period ended June 30, 2013 was approximately $26 million.