Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, and Operating Segment (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Description of Business	Description of Business Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Spectrum”, the “Company”, “we”, “our”, or “us”) is a biopharmaceutical company, with a primary strategy comprised of acquiring, developing, and commercializing novel and targeted oncology therapies. Our in-house development organization includes clinical development, regulatory, quality and data management. We have two drugs in late-stage development: •Eflapegrastim, a novel long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (“G-CSF”) for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. On August 6, 2021, the Company announced the receipt of a complete response letter (“CRL”), that cited manufacturing deficiencies related both to the drug substance and drug product manufacturers. The Company believes it has completed the remediation of these deficiencies and resubmitted the Biologics License Application (“BLA”) on March 11, 2022; •Poziotinib, a novel irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor under investigation for non-small cell lung cancer (“NSCLC”) tumors with various mutations. On December 6, 2021, the Company announced it submitted its New Drug Application (“NDA”) for poziotinib to the FDA for use in patients with previously treated locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with HER2 exon 20 insertion mutations. The NDA submission is based on the positive results of Cohort 2 from the ZENITH20 clinical trial, which assessed the safety and efficacy of poziotinib. The product has received Fast Track designation and there is currently no treatment specifically approved by the FDA for this indication. On February 11, 2022, the Company announced that it had received notice that the NDA had been accepted and received a PDUFA action date of November 24, 2022.
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation Principles of Consolidation The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These financial statements include the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of Spectrum and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned. All inter-company accounts and transactions among these legal entities have been eliminated in consolidation. Substantially all of the accumulated other comprehensive loss is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments at December 31, 2021. Discontinued Operations - Sale of our Commercial Product Portfolio In March 2019, we completed the Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction (See Note 9 ). In accordance with applicable GAAP (ASC 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statements), the revenue-deriving activities and allocable expenses of our sold commercial operation, connected to the Commercial Product Portfolio, are separately classified as “discontinued” for all periods presented within the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Liquidity and Capital Resources We believe that our $100.6 million in aggregate cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as of December 31, 2021 combined with $20 million of equity financing received from Hanmi in January 2022 is sufficient to fund our current and planned operations for at least the next twelve months. We may, however, require additional liquidity as we continue to execute our business strategy, and in connection with opportunistic acquisitions or licensing arrangements. We anticipate that to the extent that we require additional liquidity, it will be funded through additional equity or debt financings, or out-licensing arrangements. However, we cannot provide assurance that we will be able to obtain this additional liquidity on terms favorable to us or our current stockholders, if at all. Additionally, our liquidity and our ability to fund our capital requirements are also dependent on our future financial performance which is subject to various market and economic factors that are beyond our control.
Operating Segment	Operating SegmentWe operate one reportable operating segment that is focused exclusively on developing (and eventually marketing) oncology and hematology drug products. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, all of our operating costs and expenses were solely attributable to these activities (and as applicable, classified as “discontinued” within the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations).
Use of Estimates and Assumptions	The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires our management to make informed estimates and assumptions that affect our reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses. These amounts may materially differ from the amounts ultimately realized and reported due to the inherent uncertainty of any estimate or assumption. On an on-going basis, our management evaluates (as applicable) its most critical estimates and assumptions, including those related to: (i) the realization of our tax assets and estimates of our tax liabilities; (ii) the fair value of our investments; (iii) the valuation of our stock options and the periodic expense recognition of stock-based compensation; and (iv) the potential outcome of our ongoing or threatened litigation. Our accounting policies and estimates that most significantly impact the presented amounts within these Consolidated Financial Statements are further described below:
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash EquivalentsCash and cash equivalents consist of bank deposits and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less from the purchase date.
Marketable Securities	Marketable SecuritiesMarketable securities consist of our holdings in equity securities (including mutual funds), bank CDs, government-related debt securities, and corporate debt securities. For equity securities and mutual funds, any realized gains (losses) or unrealized gains (losses) are recognized in “other income (expense), net” within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Debt securities and bank CDs are classified as “available-for-sale” investments and (1) realized gains (losses) are recognized in “other income (expense), net” within the Consolidated Statements of Operations and (2) unrealized gains (losses) are recognized as a component of “accumulated other comprehensive loss” within the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity.
Property and Equipment, Net	Property and Equipment, Net Our property and equipment, net, is stated at historical cost, and is depreciated on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life that corresponds with its designated asset category. We evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets (which includes property and equipment) whenever events or changes in circumstances in our business indicate that the asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount to the net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. An impairment loss would be recorded for the excess of net carrying value over the fair value of the asset impaired. The fair value is estimated based on expected discounted future cash flows or other methods such as orderly liquidation value based on assumptions of asset class and observed market data. An orderly liquidation value is the amount that could be realized upon liquidation, given a sufficient amount of time to find a purchaser for a sale of assets in their existing condition and location, as of a specific date, and assuming the sale is to market participants who can utilize such assets in their highest and best use. The orderly liquidation values are applied against the carrying values of the assets and the impairment loss is measured as the difference between the liquidation value and the carrying value of the assets. See Note 4(d) for further discussion related to impairments that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2020. There were no impairments recorded during the year ended December 31, 2021.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based CompensationStock-based compensation expense for equity awards granted to our employees and members of our Board of Directors is recognized on a straight-line basis over each award’s vesting period. Recognized compensation expense is net of an estimated forfeiture rate, representing the percentage of awards that are expected to be forfeited prior to vesting, though is ultimately adjusted for actual forfeitures. We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options and stock appreciation rights (as of the date of grant) that have service conditions for vesting. We use the Monte Carlo valuation model to value equity awards (as of the date of grant) that have combined market conditions and service conditions for vesting. The recognition of stock-based compensation expense and the initial calculation of stock option fair value requires uncertain assumptions, including (a) the pre-vesting forfeiture rate of the award, (b) the expected term that the stock option will remain outstanding, (c) our stock price volatility over the expected term (and that of our designated peer group with respect to certain market-based awards), and (d) the prevailing risk-free interest rate for the period matching the expected term. With regard to (a)-(d) above: we estimate forfeiture rates based on our employees’ overall forfeiture history, which we believe will be representative of future results. We estimate the expected term of stock options granted based on our employees’ historical exercise patterns, which we believe will be representative of their future behavior. We estimate the volatility of our common stock on the date of grant based on the historical volatility of our common stock for a look-back period that corresponds with the expected term. We estimate the risk-free interest rate based upon the U.S. Department of the Treasury yields in effect at award grant, for a period equaling the expected term of the stock option.
Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share	Basic and Diluted Net Loss per ShareWe calculate basic and diluted net loss per share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. In periods of a net loss, basic and diluted loss per share are the same. For the diluted earnings per share calculation, we adjust the weighted average number of common shares outstanding to include only stock options, warrants, and other common stock equivalents outstanding during the period to the extent that they are dilutive.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and amounts reported in the financial statements, as well as operating losses and tax credit carry forwards using enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon future earnings, the timing and amount of which are uncertain. We apply an estimated annual effective tax rate (“ETR”) approach for calculating a tax provision for interim periods. Our ETR differs from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate primarily as a result of nondeductible expenses and the impact of a valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets, which we record because we believe that, based upon a weighting of positive and negative factors, it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will not be realized. If/when we were to determine that our deferred tax assets are realizable, an adjustment to the corresponding valuation allowance would increase our net income in the period that such determination was made. In the event that we are assessed interest and/or penalties from taxing authorities that have not been previously accrued, such amounts would be included in “benefit for income taxes from continuing operations” within the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for the period in which we received the notice.
Research and Development Expenses	Research and Development ExpensesOur research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs consist primarily of salaries, benefits, and other staff-related costs including associated stock-based compensation, laboratory supplies, clinical trial and related clinical manufacturing costs, costs related to manufacturing preparations, fees paid to other entities that conduct certain research and development activities on our behalf and payments made pursuant to license agreements. Clinical trial and other development costs incurred by third parties are expensed as the contracted work is performed. We accrue for costs incurred as the services are being provided by monitoring the status of activities and the invoices received from our external service providers. We adjust our accruals as actual costs become known. Where contingent milestone payments are due to third parties under research and development or license agreements, the milestone payment obligations are expensed when the clinical or regulatory milestone results are achieved.
Fair Value Measurements	Fair Value MeasurementsWe determine measurement-date fair value based on the proceeds that would be received through the sale of the asset, or that we would pay to settle or transfer the liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. We utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include the following: Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are publicly accessible at the measurement date. Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but that are corroborated by market data. These inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities or quoted market prices in markets that are not active to the general public. Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards	Recently Issued Accounting StandardsThere are several new accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, which we don’t believe had or will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.Early Adoption of ASU 2019-12 — Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income TaxesIn March 2020, we elected to early adopt ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes,” which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. Based upon this early adoption, we were not required to calculate an income tax benefit for each quarter end period.

Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, and Operating Segment (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Spectrum”, the “Company”, “we”, “our”, or “us”) is a biopharmaceutical company, with a primary strategy comprised of acquiring, developing, and commercializing novel and targeted oncology therapies. Our in-house development organization includes clinical development, regulatory, quality and data management.

We have two drugs in late-stage development:

•Eflapegrastim, a novel long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (“G-CSF”) for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. On August 6, 2021, the Company announced the receipt of a complete response letter (“CRL”), that cited manufacturing deficiencies related both to the drug substance and drug product manufacturers. The Company believes it has completed the remediation of these deficiencies and resubmitted the Biologics License Application (“BLA”) on March 11, 2022;

•Poziotinib, a novel irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor under investigation for non-small cell lung cancer (“NSCLC”) tumors with various mutations. On December 6, 2021, the Company announced it submitted its New Drug Application (“NDA”) for poziotinib to the FDA for use in patients with previously treated locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with HER2 exon 20 insertion mutations. The NDA submission is based on the positive results of Cohort 2 from the ZENITH20 clinical trial, which assessed the safety and efficacy of poziotinib. The product has received Fast Track designation and there is currently no treatment specifically approved by the FDA for this indication. On February 11, 2022, the Company announced that it had received notice that the NDA had been accepted and received a PDUFA action date of November 24, 2022.

Basis of Presentation

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These financial statements include the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of Spectrum and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned. All inter-company accounts and transactions among these legal entities have been eliminated in consolidation. Substantially all of the accumulated other comprehensive loss is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments at December 31, 2021.

Discontinued Operations - Sale of our Commercial Product Portfolio

In March 2019, we completed the Commercial Product Portfolio Transaction (See Note 9 ). In accordance with applicable GAAP (ASC 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statements), the revenue-deriving activities and allocable expenses of our sold commercial operation, connected to the Commercial Product Portfolio, are separately classified as “discontinued” for all periods presented within the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We believe that our $100.6 million in aggregate cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as of December 31, 2021 combined with $20 million of equity financing received from Hanmi in January 2022 is sufficient to fund our current and planned operations for at least the next twelve months. We may, however, require additional liquidity as we continue to execute our business strategy, and in connection with opportunistic acquisitions or licensing arrangements. We anticipate that to the extent that we require additional liquidity, it will be funded through additional equity or debt financings, or out-licensing arrangements. However, we cannot provide assurance that we will be able to obtain this additional liquidity on terms favorable to us or our current stockholders, if at all. Additionally, our liquidity and our ability to fund our capital requirements are also dependent on our future financial performance which is subject to various market and economic factors that are beyond our control.

Operating Segment

Operating SegmentWe operate one reportable operating segment that is focused exclusively on developing (and eventually marketing) oncology and hematology drug products. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, all of our operating costs and expenses were solely attributable to these activities (and as applicable, classified as “discontinued” within the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations).

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires our management to make informed estimates and assumptions that affect our reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses. These amounts may materially differ from the amounts ultimately realized and reported due to the inherent uncertainty of any estimate or assumption. On an on-going basis, our management evaluates (as applicable) its most critical estimates and assumptions, including those related to: (i) the realization of our tax assets and estimates of our tax liabilities; (ii) the fair value of our investments; (iii) the valuation of our stock options and the periodic expense recognition of stock-based compensation; and (iv) the potential outcome of our ongoing or threatened litigation.

Our accounting policies and estimates that most significantly impact the presented amounts within these Consolidated Financial Statements are further described below:

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash EquivalentsCash and cash equivalents consist of bank deposits and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less from the purchase date.

Marketable Securities

Marketable SecuritiesMarketable securities consist of our holdings in equity securities (including mutual funds), bank CDs, government-related debt securities, and corporate debt securities. For equity securities and mutual funds, any realized gains (losses) or unrealized gains (losses) are recognized in “other income (expense), net” within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Debt securities and bank CDs are classified as “available-for-sale” investments and (1) realized gains (losses) are recognized in “other income (expense), net” within the Consolidated Statements of Operations and (2) unrealized gains (losses) are recognized as a component of “accumulated other comprehensive loss” within the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity.

Property and Equipment, Net

Our property and equipment, net, is stated at historical cost, and is depreciated on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life that corresponds with its designated asset category. We evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets (which includes property and equipment) whenever events or changes in circumstances in our business indicate that the asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount to the net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. An impairment loss would be recorded for the excess of net carrying value over the fair value of the asset impaired. The fair value is estimated based on expected discounted future cash flows or other methods such as orderly liquidation value based on assumptions of asset class and observed market data. An orderly liquidation value is the amount that could be realized upon liquidation, given a sufficient amount of time to find a purchaser for a sale of assets in their existing condition and location, as of a specific date, and assuming the sale is to market participants who can utilize such assets in their highest and best use. The orderly liquidation values are applied against the carrying values of the assets and the impairment loss is measured as the difference between the liquidation value and the carrying value of the assets.

See Note 4(d) for further discussion related to impairments that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2020. There were no impairments recorded during the year ended December 31, 2021.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based CompensationStock-based compensation expense for equity awards granted to our employees and members of our Board of Directors is recognized on a straight-line basis over each award’s vesting period. Recognized compensation expense is net of an estimated forfeiture rate, representing the percentage of awards that are expected to be forfeited prior to vesting, though is ultimately adjusted for actual forfeitures. We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options and stock appreciation rights (as of the date of grant) that have service conditions for vesting. We use the Monte Carlo valuation model to value equity awards (as of the date of grant) that have combined market conditions and service conditions for vesting.

The recognition of stock-based compensation expense and the initial calculation of stock option fair value requires uncertain assumptions, including (a) the pre-vesting forfeiture rate of the award, (b) the expected term that the stock option will remain outstanding, (c) our stock price volatility over the expected term (and that of our designated peer group with respect to certain market-based awards), and (d) the prevailing risk-free interest rate for the period matching the expected term.

With regard to (a)-(d) above: we estimate forfeiture rates based on our employees’ overall forfeiture history, which we believe will be representative of future results. We estimate the expected term of stock options granted based on our employees’ historical exercise patterns, which we believe will be representative of their future behavior. We estimate the volatility of our common stock on the date of grant based on the historical volatility of our common stock for a look-back period that corresponds with the expected term. We estimate the risk-free interest rate based upon the U.S. Department of the Treasury yields in effect at award grant, for a period equaling the expected term of the stock option.

Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share

Basic and Diluted Net Loss per ShareWe calculate basic and diluted net loss per share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. In periods of a net loss, basic and diluted loss per share are the same. For the diluted earnings per share calculation, we adjust the weighted average number of common shares outstanding to include only stock options, warrants, and other common stock equivalents outstanding during the period to the extent that they are dilutive.

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and amounts reported in the financial statements, as well as operating losses and tax credit carry forwards using enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon future earnings, the timing and amount of which are uncertain.

We apply an estimated annual effective tax rate (“ETR”) approach for calculating a tax provision for interim periods. Our ETR differs from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate primarily as a result of nondeductible expenses and the impact of a valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets, which we record because we believe that, based upon a weighting of positive and negative factors, it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will not be realized. If/when we were to determine that our deferred tax assets are realizable, an adjustment to the corresponding valuation allowance would increase our net income in the period that such determination was made.

In the event that we are assessed interest and/or penalties from taxing authorities that have not been previously accrued, such amounts would be included in “benefit for income taxes from continuing operations” within the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for the period in which we received the notice.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and Development ExpensesOur research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs consist primarily of salaries, benefits, and other staff-related costs including associated stock-based compensation, laboratory supplies, clinical trial and related clinical manufacturing costs, costs related to manufacturing preparations, fees paid to other entities that conduct certain research and development activities on our behalf and payments made pursuant to license agreements. Clinical trial and other development costs incurred by third parties are expensed as the contracted work is performed. We accrue for costs incurred as the services are being provided by monitoring the status of activities and the invoices received from our external service providers. We adjust our accruals as actual costs become known. Where contingent milestone payments are due to third parties under research and development or license agreements, the milestone payment obligations are expensed when the clinical or regulatory milestone results are achieved.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value MeasurementsWe determine measurement-date fair value based on the proceeds that would be received through the sale of the asset, or that we would pay to settle or transfer the liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. We utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible. Fair

value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include the following:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are publicly accessible at the measurement date.

Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but that are corroborated by market data. These inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities or quoted market prices in markets that are not active to the general public.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Issued Accounting StandardsThere are several new accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, which we don’t believe had or will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.Early Adoption of ASU 2019-12 — Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income TaxesIn March 2020, we elected to early adopt ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes,” which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. Based upon this early adoption, we were not required to calculate an income tax benefit for each quarter end period.