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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

For additional information regarding fair value measurement at Citi, see Note 24 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Citi’s 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Market Valuation Adjustments

The table below summarizes the credit valuation adjustments (CVA) and funding valuation adjustments (FVA) applied to the fair value of derivative instruments at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



	Credit and funding valuation adjustments contra-liability (contra-asset)
In millions of dollars	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Counterparty CVA	$	(982	)	$	(1,085	)
Asset FVA	(524		)	(544		)
Citigroup (own-credit) CVA	402			482
Liability FVA	87			135
Total CVA—derivative instruments⁽¹⁾	$	(1,017	)	$	(1,012	)


(1)	FVA is included with CVA for presentation purposes.

The table below summarizes pretax gains (losses) related to changes in CVA on derivative instruments, net of hedges, FVA on derivatives and debt valuation adjustments (DVA) on Citi’s own fair value option (FVO) liabilities for the periods indicated:



	Credit/funding/debt valuation adjustments gain (loss)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
In millions of dollars	2019			2018
Counterparty CVA	$	74		$	23
Asset FVA	20			9
Own-credit CVA	(92		)	75
Liability FVA	(48		)	(7		)
Total CVA—derivative instruments	$	(46	)	$	100
DVA related to own FVO liabilities⁽¹⁾	$	(725	)	$	167
Total CVA and DVA⁽²⁾	$	(771	)	$	267


(1)	See Notes 1 and Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Citi’s 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(2)

FVA is included with CVA for presentation purposes.Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following tables present for each of the fair value hierarchy levels the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The Company may hedge positions that have been classified in the Level 3 category with other financial instruments (hedging instruments) that may be

classified as Level 3, but also with financial instruments classified as Level 1 or Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The effects of these hedges are presented gross in the following tables:

Fair Value Levels



In millions of dollars at March 31, 2019	Level 1⁽¹⁾		Level 2⁽¹⁾		Level 3		Gross inventory		Netting⁽²⁾			Net balance
Assets
Federal funds sold and securities borrowed and purchased under agreements to resell	$	—	$	241,414	$	66	$	241,480	$	(79,364	)	$	162,116
Trading non-derivative assets
Trading mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed	—		26,285		154		26,439		—			26,439
Residential	—		574		128		702		—			702
Commercial	—		1,359		69		1,428		—			1,428
Total trading mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	28,218	$	351	$	28,569	$	—		$	28,569
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities	$	36,579	$	4,966	$	—	$	41,545	$	—		$	41,545
State and municipal	—		2,425		178		2,603		—			2,603
Foreign government	51,976		23,108		39		75,123		—			75,123
Corporate	1,949		14,371		378		16,698		—			16,698
Equity securities	46,995		8,798		127		55,920		—			55,920
Asset-backed securities	—		1,578		1,429		3,007		—			3,007
Other trading assets⁽³⁾	40		10,550		1,042		11,632		—			11,632
Total trading non-derivative assets	$	137,539	$	94,014	$	3,544	$	235,097	$	—		$	235,097
Trading derivatives
Interest rate contracts	$	283	$	184,259	$	1,581	$	186,123
Foreign exchange contracts	1		134,011		354		134,366
Equity contracts	453		24,988		342		25,783
Commodity contracts	—		14,246		734		14,980
Credit derivatives	—		9,934		750		10,684
Total trading derivatives	$	737	$	367,438	$	3,761	$	371,936
Cash collateral paid⁽⁴⁾							$	11,349
Netting agreements									$	(292,121	)
Netting of cash collateral received									(39,750		)
Total trading derivatives	$	737	$	367,438	$	3,761	$	383,285	$	(331,871	)	$	51,414
Investments
Mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed	$	—	$	39,301	$	32	$	39,333	$	—		$	39,333
Residential	—		1,121		—		1,121		—			1,121
Commercial	—		138		—		138		—			138
Total investment mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	40,560	$	32	$	40,592	$	—		$	40,592
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities	$	98,793	$	8,880	$	—	$	107,673	$	—		$	107,673
State and municipal	—		7,199		910		8,109		—			8,109
Foreign government	60,695		40,590		71		101,356		—			101,356
Corporate	4,722		7,528		60		12,310		—			12,310
Marketable equity securities	194		14		—		208		—			208
Asset-backed securities	—		614		806		1,420		—			1,420
Other debt securities	—		3,672		—		3,672		—			3,672
Non-marketable equity securities⁽⁵⁾	—		100		505		605		—			605
Total investments	$	164,404	$	109,157	$	2,384	$	275,945	$	—		$	275,945

Table continues on the next page.



In millions of dollars at March 31, 2019	Level 1⁽¹⁾			Level 2⁽¹⁾			Level 3			Gross inventory		Netting⁽²⁾			Net balance
Loans	$	—		$	3,501		$	373		$	3,874	$	—		$	3,874
Mortgage servicing rights	—			—			551			551		—			551
Non-trading derivatives and other financial assets measured on a recurring basis	$	14,577		$	5,241		$	—		$	19,818	$	—		$	19,818
Total assets	$	317,257		$	820,765		$	10,679		$	1,160,050	$	(411,235	)	$	748,815
Total as a percentage of gross assets⁽⁶⁾	27.6		%	71.5		%	0.9		%
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits	$	—		$	1,297		$	1,047		$	2,344	$	—		$	2,344
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned and sold under agreements to repurchase	—			124,564			1,041			125,605		(79,364		)	46,241
Trading account liabilities
Securities sold, not yet purchased	74,650			13,222			15			87,887		—			87,887
Other trading liabilities	—			117			—			117		—			117
Total trading liabilities	$	74,650		$	13,339		$	15		$	88,004	$	—		$	88,004
Trading derivatives
Interest rate contracts	$	179		$	165,038		$	1,697		$	166,914
Foreign exchange contracts	3			131,797			308			132,108
Equity contracts	207			29,734			1,687			31,628
Commodity contracts	—			17,248			430			17,678
Credit derivatives	—			10,769			716			11,485
Total trading derivatives	$	389		$	354,586		$	4,838		$	359,813
Cash collateral received⁽⁷⁾										$	13,886
Netting agreements												$	(292,121	)
Netting of cash collateral paid												(33,190		)
Total trading derivatives	$	389		$	354,586		$	4,838		$	373,699	$	(325,311	)	$	48,388
Short-term borrowings	$	—		$	5,002		$	170		$	5,172	$	—		$	5,172
Long-term debt	—			30,354			13,734			44,088		—			44,088
Total non-trading derivatives and other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis	$	14,577		$	—		$	—		$	14,577	$	—		$	14,577
Total liabilities	$	89,616		$	529,142		$	20,845		$	653,489	$	(404,675	)	$	248,814
Total as a percentage of gross liabilities⁽⁶⁾	14.0		%	82.7		%	3.3		%


(1)	Represents netting of (i) the amounts due under securities purchased under agreements to resell and the amounts owed under securities sold under agreements to repurchase and (ii) derivative exposures covered by a qualifying master netting agreement and cash collateral offsetting.


(2)	Includes positions related to investments in unallocated precious metals, as discussed in Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Also includes physical commodities accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value and unfunded credit products.


(3)	Reflects the net amount of $44,539 million gross cash collateral paid, of which $33,190 million was used to offset trading derivative liabilities.


(4)	Because the amount of the cash collateral paid/received has not been allocated to the Level 1, 2 and 3 subtotals, these percentages are calculated based on total assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, excluding the cash collateral paid/received on derivatives.


(5)	Amounts exclude $0.2 billion of investments measured at net asset value (NAV) in accordance with ASU 2015-07, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent).


(6)	Reflects the net amount $53,636 million of gross cash collateral received, of which $39,750 million was used to offset trading derivative assets.

Fair Value Levels



In millions of dollars at December 31, 2018	Level 1⁽¹⁾		Level 2⁽¹⁾		Level 3		Gross inventory		Netting⁽²⁾			Net balance
Assets
Federal funds sold and securities borrowed and purchased under agreements to resell	$	—	$	214,570	$	115	$	214,685	$	(66,984	)	$	147,701
Trading non-derivative assets
Trading mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed	—		24,090		156		24,246		—			24,246
Residential	—		709		268		977		—			977
Commercial	—		1,323		77		1,400		—			1,400
Total trading mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	26,122	$	501	$	26,623	$	—		$	26,623
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities	$	26,439	$	4,802	$	1	$	31,242	$	—		$	31,242
State and municipal	—		3,782		200		3,982		—			3,982
Foreign government	43,309		21,179		31		64,519		—			64,519
Corporate	1,026		14,510		360		15,896		—			15,896
Equity securities	36,342		7,308		153		43,803		—			43,803
Asset-backed securities	—		1,429		1,484		2,913		—			2,913
Other trading assets⁽³⁾	3		12,198		818		13,019		—			13,019
Total trading non-derivative assets	$	107,119	$	91,330	$	3,548	$	201,997	$	—		$	201,997
Trading derivatives
Interest rate contracts	$	101	$	169,860	$	1,671	$	171,632
Foreign exchange contracts	—		162,108		346		162,454
Equity contracts	647		28,903		343		29,893
Commodity contracts	—		16,788		767		17,555
Credit derivatives	—		9,839		926		10,765
Total trading derivatives	$	748	$	387,498	$	4,053	$	392,299
Cash collateral paid⁽⁴⁾							$	11,518
Netting agreements									$	(311,089	)
Netting of cash collateral received									(38,608		)
Total trading derivatives	$	748	$	387,498	$	4,053	$	403,817	$	(349,697	)	$	54,120
Investments
Mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed	$	—	$	42,988	$	32	$	43,020	$	—		$	43,020
Residential	—		1,313		—		1,313		—			1,313
Commercial	—		172		—		172		—			172
Total investment mortgage-backed securities	$	—	$	44,473	$	32	$	44,505	$	—		$	44,505
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities	$	107,577	$	9,645	$	—	$	117,222	$	—		$	117,222
State and municipal	—		8,498		708		9,206		—			9,206
Foreign government	58,252		42,371		68		100,691		—			100,691
Corporate	4,410		7,033		156		11,599		—			11,599
Marketable equity securities	206		14		—		220		—			220
Asset-backed securities	—		656		187		843		—			843
Other debt securities	—		3,972		—		3,972		—			3,972
Non-marketable equity securities⁽⁵⁾	—		96		586		682		—			682
Total investments	$	170,445	$	116,758	$	1,737	$	288,940	$	—		$	288,940

Table continues on the next page.



In millions of dollars at December 31, 2018	Level 1⁽¹⁾			Level 2⁽¹⁾			Level 3			Gross inventory		Netting⁽²⁾			Net balance
Loans	$	—		$	2,946		$	277		$	3,223	$	—		$	3,223
Mortgage servicing rights	—			—			584			584		—			584
Non-trading derivatives and other financial assets measured on a recurring basis	$	15,839		$	4,949		$	—		$	20,788	$	—		$	20,788
Total assets	$	294,151		$	818,051		$	10,314		$	1,134,034	$	(416,681	)	$	717,353
Total as a percentage of gross assets⁽⁶⁾	26.2		%	72.9		%	0.9		%
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits	$	—		$	980		$	495		$	1,475	$	—		$	1,475
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned and sold under agreements to repurchase	—			110,511			983			111,494		(66,984		)	44,510
Trading account liabilities
Securities sold, not yet purchased	78,872			11,364			586			90,822		—			90,822
Other trading liabilities	—			1,547			—			1,547		—			1,547
Total trading liabilities	$	78,872		$	12,911		$	586		$	92,369	$	—		$	92,369
Trading account derivatives
Interest rate contracts	$	71		$	152,931		$	1,825		$	154,827
Foreign exchange contracts	—			159,003			352			159,355
Equity contracts	351			32,330			1,127			33,808
Commodity contracts	—			19,904			785			20,689
Credit derivatives	—			9,486			865			10,351
Total trading derivatives	$	422		$	373,654		$	4,954		$	379,030
Cash collateral received⁽⁷⁾										$	13,906
Netting agreements												$	(311,089	)
Netting of cash collateral paid												(29,911		)
Total trading derivatives	$	422		$	373,654		$	4,954		$	392,936	$	(341,000	)	$	51,936
Short-term borrowings	$	—		$	4,446		$	37		$	4,483	$	—		$	4,483
Long-term debt	—			25,659			12,570			38,229		—			38,229
Non-trading derivatives and other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis	$	15,839		$	67		$	—		$	15,906	$	—		$	15,906
Total liabilities	$	95,133		$	528,228		$	19,625		$	656,892	$	(407,984	)	$	248,908
Total as a percentage of gross liabilities⁽⁶⁾	14.8		%	82.1		%	3.1		%


(1)	Represents netting of (i) the amounts due under securities purchased under agreements to resell and the amounts owed under securities sold under agreements to repurchase and (ii) derivative exposures covered by a qualifying master netting agreement and cash collateral offsetting.


(2)	Includes positions related to investments in unallocated precious metals, as discussed in Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Also includes physical commodities accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value and unfunded credit products.


(3)	Reflects the net amount of $41,429 million of gross cash collateral paid, of which $29,911 million was used to offset trading derivative liabilities.


(4)	Because the amount of the cash collateral paid/received has not been allocated to the Level 1, 2 and 3 subtotals, these percentages are calculated based on total assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, excluding the cash collateral paid/received on derivatives.


(5)	Amounts exclude $0.2 billion of investments measured at net asset value (NAV) in accordance with ASU 2015-07, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent).

(6)

Reflects the net amount of $52,514 million of gross cash collateral received, of which $38,608 million was used to offset trading derivative assets.Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Category

The following tables present the changes in the Level 3 fair value category for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. The gains and losses presented below include changes in the fair value related to both observable and unobservable inputs.

The Company often hedges positions with offsetting positions that are classified in a different level. For example, the gains and losses for assets and liabilities in the Level 3

category presented in the tables below do not reflect the effect of offsetting losses and gains on hedging instruments that may be classified in the Level 1 or Level 2 categories. In addition, the Company hedges items classified in the Level 3 category with instruments also classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The hedged items and related hedges are presented gross in the following tables:

Level 3 Fair Value Rollforward



				Net realized/unrealized gains (losses) incl. in					Transfers																					Unrealized gains (losses) still held⁽³⁾
In millions of dollars	Dec. 31, 2018			Principal transactions			Other⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾		into Level 3			out of Level 3			Purchases			Issuances			Sales			Settlements			Mar. 31, 2019
Assets
Federal funds sold and securities borrowed and purchased under agreements to resell	$	115		$	(4	)	$	—	$	(4	)	$	3		$	45		$	—		$	—		$	(89	)	$	66		$	(2	)
Trading non-derivative assets
Trading mortgage- backed securities
U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed	156			—			—		—			(25		)	48			—			(25		)	—			154			3
Residential	268			1			—		5			(31		)	69			—			(184		)	—			128			10
Commercial	77			2			—		2			(1		)	24			—			(35		)	—			69			1
Total trading mortgage- backed securities	$	501		$	3		$	—	$	7		$	(57	)	$	141		$	—		$	(244	)	$	—		$	351		$	14
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities	$	1		$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	(1	)	$	—		$	—
State and municipal	200			(1		)	—		—			(19		)	1			—			(3		)	—			178			—
Foreign government	31			(1		)	—		9			—			3			—			(3		)	—			39			1
Corporate	360			90			—		21			(26		)	69			(33		)	(103		)	—			378			(35		)
Marketable equity securities	153			(10		)	—		1			(11		)	9			—			(15		)	—			127			14
Asset-backed securities	1,484			(26		)	—		7			(32		)	221			—			(225		)	—			1,429			38
Other trading assets	818			5			—		13			(32		)	340			4			(102		)	(4		)	1,042			(20		)
Total trading non- derivative assets	$	3,548		$	60		$	—	$	58		$	(177	)	$	784		$	(29	)	$	(695	)	$	(5	)	$	3,544		$	12
Trading derivatives, net⁽⁴⁾
Interest rate contracts	$	(154	)	$	(51	)	$	—	$	(15	)	$	27		$	6		$	12		$	—		$	59		$	(116	)	$	(60	)
Foreign exchange contracts	(6		)	60			—		(15		)	15			3			—			(4		)	(7		)	46			28
Equity contracts	(784		)	(294		)	—		(154		)	9			(1		)	(59		)	2			(64		)	(1,345		)	(222		)
Commodity contracts	(18		)	280			—		(3		)	10			54			—			(34		)	15			304			300
Credit derivatives	61			(319		)	—		(18		)	232			—			—			—			78			34			(320		)
Total trading derivatives, net⁽⁴⁾	$	(901	)	$	(324	)	$	—	$	(205	)	$	293		$	62		$	(47	)	$	(36	)	$	81		$	(1,077	)	$	(274	)

Table continues on the next page.



			Net realized/unrealized gains (losses) incl. in						Transfers																			Unrealized gains (losses) still held⁽³⁾
In millions of dollars	Dec. 31, 2018		Principal transactions			Other⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾			into Level 3			out of Level 3			Purchases		Issuances			Sales			Settlements			Mar. 31, 2019
Investments
Mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed	$	32	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	32	$	(2	)
Residential	—		—			—			—			—			—		—			—			—			—		—
Commercial	—		—			—			—			—			—		—			—			—			—		—
Total investment mortgage-backed securities	$	32	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	32	$	(2	)
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—
State and municipal	708		—			52			3			—			185		—			(38		)	—			910		44
Foreign government	68		—			(4		)	—			—			39		—			(32		)	—			71		(1		)
Corporate	156		—			—			—			(94		)	—		—			(2		)	—			60		—
Marketable equity securities	—		—			—			—			—			—		—			—			—			—		—
Asset-backed securities	187		—			(2		)	94			—			550		—			(23		)	—			806		(4		)
Other debt securities	—		—			—			—			—			—		—			—			—			—		—
Non-marketable equity securities	586		—			22			—			—			4		—			(86		)	(21		)	505		(11		)
Total investments	$	1,737	$	—		$	68		$	97		$	(94	)	$	778	$	—		$	(181	)	$	(21	)	$	2,384	$	26
Loans	$	277	$	—		$	45		$	125		$	(70	)	$	6	$	—		$	(10	)	$	—		$	373	$	45
Mortgage servicing rights	584		—			(27		)	—			—			—		12			—			(18		)	551		(25		)
Other financial assets measured on a recurring basis	—		—			16			—			—			—		(2		)	(4		)	(10		)	—		12
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits	$	495	$	—		$	(10	)	$	1		$	(4	)	$	—	$	674		$	—		$	(129	)	$	1,047	$	(157	)
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned and sold under agreements to repurchase	983		4			—			(1		)	4			—		—			1			58			1,041		(2		)
Trading account liabilities
Securities sold, not yet purchased	586		124			—			1			(441		)	—		—			—			(7		)	15		13
Other trading liabilities	—		—			—			—			—			—		—			—			—			—		—
Short-term borrowings	37		23			—			9			(6		)	—		153			—			—			170		18
Long-term debt	12,570		(407		)	—			877			(1,601		)	—		5,950			(3		)	(4,466		)	13,734		(1,001		)
Other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis	—		—			—			—			—			—		—			—			—			—		—


(1)	Changes in fair value of available-for-sale debt securities are recorded in AOCI, unless related to other-than-temporary impairment, while gains and losses from sales are recorded in Realized gains (losses) from sales of investments in the Consolidated Statement of Income.


(2)	Unrealized gains (losses) on MSRs are recorded in Other revenue in the Consolidated Statement of Income.


(3)	Represents the amount of total gains or losses for the period, included in earnings (and AOCI for changes in fair value of available-for-sale debt securities), attributable to the change in fair value relating to assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 that are still held at March 31, 2019.


(4)	Total Level 3 trading derivative assets and liabilities have been netted in these tables for presentation purposes only.



				Net realized/unrealized gains (losses) incl. in						Transfers																			Unrealized gains (losses) still held⁽³⁾
In millions of dollars	Dec. 31, 2017			Principal transactions			Other⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾			into Level 3			out of Level 3			Purchases		Issuances		Sales			Settlements			Mar. 31, 2018
Assets
Federal funds sold and securities borrowed and purchased under agreements to resell	$	16		$	18		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—		$	(18	)	$	16		$	3
Trading non-derivative assets
Trading mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed	163			1			—			86			(49		)	116		—		(111		)	—			206			—
Residential	164			22			—			35			(77		)	46		—		(47		)	—			143			3
Commercial	57			1			—			4			(35		)	15		—		(7		)	—			35			3
Total trading mortgage-backed securities	$	384		$	24		$	—		$	125		$	(161	)	$	177	$	—	$	(165	)	$	—		$	384		$	6
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
State and municipal	274			6			—			—			(44		)	—		—		(25		)	—			211			(1		)
Foreign government	16			—			—			2			—			14		—		(11		)	—			21			—
Corporate	275			43			—			49			(72		)	34		—		(77		)	—			252			84
Marketable equity securities	120			75			—			1			(15		)	168		—		(112		)	—			237			(3		)
Asset-backed securities	1,590			58			—			18			(15		)	316		—		(370		)	—			1,597			73
Other trading assets	615			135			—			58			(10		)	112		—		(194		)	(5		)	716			6
Total trading non-derivative assets	$	3,274		$	341		$	—		$	253		$	(317	)	$	821	$	—	$	(954	)	$	(5	)	$	3,418		$	165
Trading derivatives, net⁽⁴⁾
Interest rate contracts	$	(422	)	$	381		$	—		$	5		$	37		$	7	$	—	$	(16	)	$	2		$	(6	)	$	(94	)
Foreign exchange contracts	130			(62		)	—			(1		)	8			1		—		—			12			88			(155		)
Equity contracts	(2,027		)	(136		)	—			(57		)	472			13		—		(7		)	1			(1,741		)	156
Commodity contracts	(1,861		)	(33		)	—			(47		)	8			20		—		—			4			(1,909		)	(42		)
Credit derivatives	(799		)	(62		)	—			1			(2		)	2		—		1			—			(859		)	(203		)
Total trading derivatives, net⁽⁴⁾	$	(4,979	)	$	88		$	—		$	(99	)	$	523		$	43	$	—	$	(22	)	$	19		$	(4,427	)	$	(338	)
Investments
Mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government-sponsored agency guaranteed	$	24		$	—		$	(1	)	$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	23		$	2
Residential	—			—			—			—			—			—		—		—			—			—			—
Commercial	3			—			2			—			—			—		—		—			—			5			—
Total investment mortgage-backed securities	$	27		$	—		$	1		$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	28		$	2
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
State and municipal	737			—			(16		)	—			(9		)	29		—		(59		)	—			682			(33		)
Foreign government	92			—			(1		)	—			(2		)	57		—		(76		)	—			70			—
Corporate	71			—			(1		)	3			—			3		—		—			—			76			—
Marketable equity securities	2			—			—			—			—			—		—		(1		)	—			1			—
Asset-backed securities	827			—			10			2			(342		)	—		—		—			—			497			7
Other debt securities	—			—			—			—			—			—		—		—			—			—			—
Non-marketable equity securities	681			—			24			30			—			15		—		—			(16		)	734			22
Total investments	$	2,437		$	—		$	17		$	35		$	(353	)	$	104	$	—	$	(136	)	$	(16	)	$	2,088		$	(2	)



			Net realized/unrealized gains (losses) incl. in					Transfers																	Unrealized gains (losses) still held⁽³⁾
In millions of dollars	Dec. 31, 2017		Principal transactions			Other⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾		into Level 3		out of Level 3			Purchases		Issuances		Sales			Settlements			Mar. 31, 2018
Loans	$	550	$	—		$	19	$	—	$	(1	)	$	4	$	—	$	(16	)	$	(2	)	$	554	$	26
Mortgage servicing rights	558		—			46		—		—			—		17		(17		)	(17		)	587		46
Other financial assets measured on a recurring basis	16		—			8		—		—			4		12		—			(27		)	13		18
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits	$	286	$	—		$	26	$	12	$	—		$	—	$	20	$	—		$	—		$	292	$	29
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned and sold under agreements to repurchase	726		14			—		—		—			—		147		—			(2		)	857		14
Trading account liabilities
Securities sold, not yet purchased	22		(105		)	—		3		(19		)	—		—		3			(66		)	48		(7		)
Other trading liabilities	5		5			—		—		—			—		—		—			—			—		(5		)
Short-term borrowings	18		7			—		45		—			—		25		—			—			81		(2		)
Long-term debt	13,082		(236		)	—		940		(764		)	36		3		(44		)	(5		)	13,484		254
Other financial liabilities measured on a recurring basis	8		—			—		—		(5		)	—		2		—			(2		)	3		(1		)


(1)	Changes in fair value of available-for-sale debt securities are recorded in AOCI, unless related to other-than-temporary impairment, while gains and losses from sales are recorded in Realized gains (losses) from sales of investments in the Consolidated Statement of Income.


(2)	Unrealized gains (losses) on MSRs are recorded in Other revenue in the Consolidated Statement of Income.


(3)	Represents the amount of total gains or losses for the period, included in earnings (and AOCI for changes in fair value of available-for-sale debt securities), attributable to the change in fair value relating to assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 that are still held at December 31, 2018.


(4)	Total Level 3 trading derivative assets and liabilities have been netted in these tables for presentation purposes only.

Level 3 Fair Value Rollforward

The following were the significant Level 3 transfers for the period December 31, 2018 to March 31, 2019.


•	Transfers of Long-term debt of $0.9 billion from Level 2 to Level 3, and of $1.6 billion from Level 3 to Level 2, mainly related to structured debt, reflecting changes in the significance of unobservable inputs as well as certain underlying market inputs becoming less or more observable.

The following were the significant Level 3 transfers for the period December 31, 2017 to March 31, 2018.

•

Transfers of Long-term debt of $0.9 billion from Level 2 to Level 3, and of $0.8 billion from Level 3 to Level 2, mainly related to structured debt, reflecting changes in the significance of unobservable inputs as well as certain underlying market inputs becoming less or more observable.Valuation Techniques and Inputs for Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The following tables present the valuation techniques covering the majority of Level 3 inventory and the most significant unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements. Differences between this table and amounts presented in the Level 3 Fair Value Rollforward table represent individually immaterial items that have been measured using a variety of valuation techniques other than those listed.



As of March 31, 2019	Fair value⁽¹⁾ (in millions)		Methodology	Input	Low⁽²⁾⁽³⁾			High⁽²⁾⁽³⁾			Weighted average⁽⁴⁾
Assets
Federal funds sold and securities borrowed and purchased under agreements to resell	$	66	Model-based	Interest rate	2.27		%	3.67		%	3.40		%
Mortgage-backed securities	$	192	Yield analysis	Yield	2.49		%	4.63		%	3.47		%
	166		Price-based	Price	$	35.00		$	320.00		$	91.58
State and municipal, foreign government, corporate and other debt securities	$	1,436	Price-based	Price	$	—		$	568.28		$	78.53
	1,037		Model-based	Credit spread	35 bps			375 bps			238 bps
Marketable equity securities⁽⁵⁾	$	110	Price-based	Price	$	0.01		$	28,822.00		$	2,698.08
	16		Model-based
Asset-backed securities	$	2,154	Price-based	Price	$	4.20		$	101.20		$	79.18
Non-marketable equities	$	266	Comparables analysis	Discount to price	—		%	10.00		%	1.11		%
	219		Price based	EBITDA multiples	7.75		x	11.50		x	8.66		x
				Price	$	13.80		$	1,345.00		$	711.39
				Revenue multiple	1.50		x	18.40		x	7.17		x
Derivatives—gross⁽⁶⁾
Interest rate contracts (gross)	$	3,248	Model-based	Inflation volatility	0.22		%	2.63		%	0.79		%
				Mean reversion	1.00		%	20.00		%	10.50		%
				IR normal volatility	0.16		%	71.90		%	49.46		%
Foreign exchange contracts (gross)	$	597	Model-based	FX volatility	3.15		%	18.85		%	11.34		%
				IR-IR correlation	(51.00		)%	40.00		%	31.87		%
				IR-FX correlation	40.00		%	60.00		%	50.00		%
				Interest rate	5.05		%	12.89		%	9.00		%
				Credit spread	34 bps			642 bps			403 bps
				IR Normal Volatility	0.16		%	71.90		%	50.81		%
Equity contracts (gross)	$	2,026	Model-based	Equity volatility	3.00		%	82.43		%	41.37		%
				Forward price	64.31		%	132.11		%	108.84		%
Commodity and other contracts (gross)	$	1,163	Model-based	Forward price	71.67		%	524.74		%	137.37		%
				Commodity volatility	6.88		%	55.75		%	18.17		%
				Commodity correlation	(38.66		)%	89.50		%	48.87		%
Credit derivatives (gross)	$	816	Model-based	Upfront points	6.17		%	99.00		%	61.76		%
	650		Price-based	Credit spread	3 bps			530 bps			86 bps
				Credit correlation	25.00		%	85.00		%	43.55		%
				Recovery rate	5.00		%	65.00		%	42.85		%
				Price	$	12.00		$	98.00		$	76.69



As of March 31, 2019	Fair value⁽¹⁾ (in millions)		Methodology	Input	Low⁽²⁾⁽³⁾			High⁽²⁾⁽³⁾			Weighted average⁽⁴⁾
Loans and leases	$	353	Model-based	Credit spread	115 bps			470 bps			129 bps
				Equity volatility	26.53		%	30.83		%	28.66		%
				Yield	—		%	—		%	—		%
Mortgage servicing rights	$	467	Cash flow	Yield	4.42		%	12.00		%	7.30		%
	83		Model-based	WAL	3.35 years			6.91 years			5.99 years
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits	$	1,047	Model-based	Mean reversion	1.00		%	20.00		%	10.50		%
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned and sold under agreement to repurchase	$	1,041	Model-based	Interest rate	2.27		%	2.89		%	2.52		%
Trading account liabilities
Securities sold, not yet purchased	$	8	Price-based	Price	$	—		$	994.85		$	89.80
	6		Model-based
Short-term borrowings and long-term debt	$	14,026	Model-based	Mean reversion	1.00		%	20.00		%	10.50		%
				Forward price	64.31		%	524.74		%	109.75		%
				IR normal volatility	0.16		%	71.90		%	52.74		%



As of December 31, 2018	Fair value⁽¹⁾ (in millions)		Methodology	Input	Low⁽²⁾⁽³⁾			High⁽²⁾⁽³⁾			Weighted average⁽⁴⁾
Assets
Federal funds sold and securities borrowed and purchased under agreements to resell	$	115	Model-based	Interest rate	2.52		%	7.43		%	5.08		%
Mortgage-backed securities	$	313	Price-based	Price	$	11.25		$	110.35		$	90.07
	198		Yield analysis	Yield	2.27		%	8.70		%	3.74		%
State and municipal, foreign government, corporate and other debt securities	$	1,212	Price-based	Price	$	—		$	103.75		$	91.39
	938		Model-based	Credit spread	35 bps			446 bps			238 bps
Marketable equity securities⁽⁵⁾	$	108	Price-based	Price	$	—		$	20,255.00		$	1,247.85
	45		Model-based	WAL	1.47years			1.47years			1.47years
Asset-backed securities	$	1,608	Price-based	Price	$	2.75		$	101.03		$	66.18
Non-marketable equity	$	293	Comparables analysis	Discount to price	—		%	100.00		%	0.66		%
	255		Price-based	EBITDA multiples	5.00		x	34.00		x	9.73		x
				Net operating income multiple	24.70		x	24.70		x	24.70		x
				Price	$	2.38		$	1,073.80		$	420.24
				Revenue multiple	2.25		x	16.50		x	7.06		x
Derivatives—gross⁽⁶⁾
Interest rate contracts (gross)	$	3,467	Model-based	Mean reversion	1.00		%	20.00		%	10.50		%
				Inflation volatility	0.22		%	2.65		%	0.77		%
				IR Normal volaitility	0.16		%	86.31		%	56.24		%
Foreign exchange contracts (gross)	$	626	Model-based	Foreign exchange (FX) volatility	3.15		%	17.35		%	11.37		%
	73		Cash flow	IR-IR correlation	(51.00		)%	40.00		%	32.69		%
				IR-FX correlation	40.00		%	60.00		%	50.00		%
				Credit spread	39 bps			676 bps			423 bps



As of December 31, 2018	Fair value⁽¹⁾ (in millions)		Methodology	Input	Low⁽²⁾⁽³⁾			High⁽²⁾⁽³⁾			Weighted average⁽⁴⁾
				IR basis	(0.65		)%	0.11		%	(0.17		)%
				Yield	6.98		%	7.48		%	7.23		%
Equity contracts (gross)⁽⁷⁾	$	1,467	Model-based	Equity volatility	3.00		%	78.39		%	37.53		%
				Forward price	64.66		%	144.45		%	98.55		%
				Equity-Equity correlation	(81.39		)%	100.00		%	35.49		%
				Equity-FX correlation	(86.27		)%	70.00		%	(1.20		)%
				WAL	1.47 years			1.47 years			1.47 years
Commodity contracts (gross)	$	1,552	Model-based	Forward price	15.30		%	585.07		%	145.08		%
				Commodity volatility	8.92		%	59.86		%	20.34		%
				Commodity correlation	(51.90		)%	92.11		%	40.71		%
Credit derivatives (gross)	$	1,089	Model-based	Credit correlation	5.00		%	85.00		%	41.06		%
	701		Price-based	Upfront points	7.41		%	99.04		%	58.95		%
				Credit spread	2 bps			1127 bps			87 bps
				Recovery rate	5.00		%	65.00		%	46.40		%
				Price	$	16.59		$	98.00		$	81.19
Loans and leases	$	248	Model-based	Credit spread	138 bps			255 bps			147 bps
	29		Price-based	Yield	0.30		%	0.47		%	0.32		%
				Price	$	55.83		$	110.00		$	92.40
Mortgage servicing rights	$	500	Cash flow	Yield	4.60		%	12.00		%	7.79		%
	84		Model-based	WAL	3.55 years			7.45 years			6.39 years
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits	$	495	Model-based	Mean reversion	1.00		%	20.00		%	10.50		%
				Forward price	64.66		%	144.45		%	98.55		%
				Equity volatility	3.00		%	78.39		%	43.49		%
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned and sold under agreements to repurchase	$	983	Model-based	Interest rate	2.52		%	3.21		%	2.87		%
Trading account liabilities
Securities sold, not yet purchased	$	509	Model-based	Forward price	15.30		%	585.07		%	105.69		%
	77		Price-based	Equity volatility	3.00		%	78.39		%	43.49		%
				Equity-Equity correlation	(81.39		)%	100.00		%	34.04		%
				Equity-FX correlation	(86.27		)%	70.00		%	(1.20		)%
				Commodity volatility	8.92		%	59.86		%	20.34		%
				Commodity correlation	(51.90		)%	92.11		%	40.71		%
				Equity-IR correlation	(40.00		)%	70.37		%	30.80		%
Short-term borrowings and long-term debt	$	12,289	Model-based	Mean reversion	1.00		%	20.00		%	10.50		%
				IR normal volatility	0.16		%	86.31		%	56.61		%
				Forward price	64.66		%	144.45		%	98.58		%
				Equity volatility	3.00		%	78.39		%	43.24		%


(1)	The fair value amounts presented in these tables represent the primary valuation technique or techniques for each class of assets or liabilities.


(2)	Some inputs are shown as zero due to rounding.


(3)	When the low and high inputs are the same, there is either a constant input applied to all positions, or the methodology involving the input applies to only one large position.


(4)	Weighted averages are calculated based on the fair values of the instruments.


(5)	For equity securities, the price inputs are expressed on an absolute basis, not as a percentage of the notional amount.


(6)	Both trading and nontrading account derivatives—assets and liabilities—are presented on a gross absolute value basis.

(7)

Includes hybrid products.Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and, therefore, are not included in the tables above. These include assets measured at cost that have been written down to fair value during the periods as a result of an impairment. These also include non-marketable equity securities that have been measured using the measurement alternative and are either (i) written down to fair value during the periods as a result of an impairment or (ii) adjusted upward or downward to fair value as a result of a transaction observed during the periods for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer. In addition, these assets include loans held-for-sale and other real estate owned that are measured at the lower of cost or market value.

The following tables present the carrying amounts of all assets that were still held for which a nonrecurring fair value measurement was recorded:



In millions of dollars	Fair value		Level 2		Level 3
March 31, 2019
Loans HFS⁽¹⁾	$	3,304	$	1,869	$	1,435
Other real estate owned	67		55		12
Loans⁽²⁾	361		128		233
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the measurement alternative	268		144		124
Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis	$	4,000	$	2,196	$	1,804



In millions of dollars	Fair value		Level 2		Level 3
December 31, 2018
Loans HFS⁽¹⁾	$	5,055	$	3,261	$	1,794
Other real estate owned	78		62		16
Loans⁽²⁾	390		139		251
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the measurement alternative	261		192		69
Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis	$	5,784	$	3,654	$	2,130


(1)	Net of fair value amounts on the unfunded portion of loans HFS recognized as Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.


(2)	Represents impaired loans held for investment whose carrying amount is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral less costs to sell, primarily real estate.

Valuation Techniques and Inputs for Level 3 Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

The following tables present the valuation techniques covering the majority of Level 3 nonrecurring fair value measurements and the most significant unobservable inputs used in those measurements:



As of March 31, 2019	Fair value⁽¹⁾ (in millions)		Methodology	Input	Low⁽²⁾			High			Weighted average⁽³⁾
Loans held-for-sale	$	1,334	Price-based	Price	$	0.77		$	100.00		$	89.97
Other real estate owned	$	9	Price-based	Appraised value⁽⁴⁾	$	2,993,681		$	8,394,102		$	6,974,411
	$	3	Cashflow	Discount to price⁽⁵⁾	13.00		%	13.00		%	13.00		%
Loans⁽⁶⁾	$	184	Recovery analysis	Recovery rate	39.27		%	99.26		%	78.25		%
	$	27	Price-based	Price	$	2.60		$	54.00		$	3.40
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the measurement alternative	$	78	Price-based	Price	$	33.65		$	2,018.12		$	725.12
	40		Price-based	Price	$	2.84		$	2.84		$	2.84



As of December 31, 2018	Fair value⁽¹⁾ (in millions)		Methodology	Input	Low⁽²⁾			High			Weighted average⁽³⁾
Loans held-for-sale	$	1,729	Price-based	Price	$	0.79		$	100.00		$	69.52
Other real estate owned	$	15	Price-based	Appraised value⁽⁴⁾	$	8,394,102		$	8,394,102		$	8,394,102
	2		Recovery analysis	Discount to price⁽⁵⁾	13.00		%	13.00		%	13.00		%
				Price	$	56.30		$	83.08		$	58.27
Loans⁽⁶⁾	$	251	Recovery analysis	Recovery rate	30.60		%	100.00		%	50.51		%
				Price	$	2.60		$	85.04		$	28.21
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the measurement alternative	66		Price-based	Price	$	45.80		$	1,514.00		$	570.26


(1)	The fair value amounts presented in this table represent the primary valuation technique or techniques for each class of assets or liabilities.


(2)	Some inputs are shown as zero due to rounding.


(3)	Weighted averages are calculated based on the fair values of the instruments.


(4)	Appraised values are disclosed in whole dollars.


(5)	Includes estimated costs to sell.


(6)	Represents impaired loans held for investment whose carrying amounts are based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, primarily real estate secured loans.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Changes

The following tables present total nonrecurring fair value measurements for the period, included in earnings, attributable to the change in fair value relating to assets that were still held:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
In millions of dollars	2019
Loans HFS	$	(2	)
Other real estate owned	1
Loans⁽¹⁾	(27		)
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the measurement alternative	61
Total nonrecurring fair value gains (losses)	$	33


(1)	Represents loans held for investment whose carrying amount is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, primarily real estate.



	Three Months Ended March 31,
In millions of dollars	2018
Loans HFS	$	(35	)
Other real estate owned	(3		)
Loans⁽¹⁾	(32		)
Non-marketable equity securities measured using the measurement alternative	120
Total nonrecurring fair value gains (losses)	$	50

(1)

Represents loans held for investment whose carrying amount is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, primarily real estate.Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value

The following table presents the carrying value and fair value of Citigroup’s financial instruments that are not carried at fair value. The table below therefore excludes items measured at fair value on a recurring basis presented in the tables above.



	March 31, 2019				Estimated fair value
	Carrying value		Estimated fair value
In billions of dollars					Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Investments	$	72.5	$	72.7	$	1.0	$	69.6	$	2.1
Federal funds sold and securities borrowed and purchased under agreements to resell	102.4		102.4		—		102.2		0.2
Loans⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	664.6		669.3		—		11.0		658.3
Other financial assets⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	276.5		277.0		189.4		16.5		71.1
Liabilities
Deposits	$	1,028.0	$	1,026.2	$	—	$	824.0	$	202.2
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned and sold under agreements to repurchase	144.1		144.1		—		144.1		—
Long-term debt⁽⁴⁾	199.4		204.0		—		188.0		16.0
Other financial liabilities⁽⁵⁾	111.2		111.2		—		18.9		92.3



	December 31, 2018				Estimated fair value
	Carrying value		Estimated fair value
In billions of dollars					Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Investments	$	68.9	$	68.5	$	1.0	$	65.4	$	2.1
Federal funds sold and securities borrowed and purchased under agreements to resell	123.0		123.0		—		121.6		1.4
Loans⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	667.1		666.9		—		5.6		661.3
Other financial assets⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	249.7		250.1		172.3		15.8		62.0
Liabilities
Deposits	$	1,011.7	$	1,009.5	$	—	$	847.1	$	162.4
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned and sold under agreements to repurchase	133.3		133.3		—		133.3		—
Long-term debt⁽⁴⁾	193.8		193.7		—		178.4		15.3
Other financial liabilities⁽⁵⁾	103.8		103.8		—		17.2		86.6


(1)	The carrying value of loans is net of the Allowance for loan losses of $12.3 billion for March 31, 2019 and $12.3 billion for December 31, 2018. In addition, the carrying values exclude $1.5 billion and $1.6 billion of lease finance receivables at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.


(2)	Includes items measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.


(3)	Includes cash and due from banks, deposits with banks, brokerage receivables, reinsurance recoverables and other financial instruments included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, for all of which the carrying value is a reasonable estimate of fair value.


(4)	The carrying value includes long-term debt balances under qualifying fair value hedges.


(5)	Includes brokerage payables, separate and variable accounts, short-term borrowings (carried at cost) and other financial instruments included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, for all of which the carrying value is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

The estimated fair values of the Company’s corporate unfunded lending commitments at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were liabilities of $7.4 billion and $7.8 billion, respectively, substantially all of which are classified as Level 3. The Company does not estimate the fair values of

consumer unfunded lending commitments, which are generally cancellable by providing notice to the borrower.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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