10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018

or

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                   to                    

Commission file number: 0-31641

SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Ohio	31-1210318
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)

2839 Charter Street, Columbus, Ohio 43228

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(614) 486-0261

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer x Smaller reporting company x

Emerging growth company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

4,239,326 shares of Common Stock, without par value, were outstanding at October 30, 2018.

FORM 10-Q

SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC.

Table of Contents

		Page No.
PART I.         FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements
	Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2018 (unaudited) and December 31, 2017	3
	Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (unaudited)	5
	Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (unaudited)	6
	Notes to Financial Statements (unaudited)	7
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	11
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	N/A
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	17
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	N/A
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	N/A
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	N/A
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	N/A
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	N/A
Item 5.	Other Information	N/A
Item 6.	Exhibits	19
Signatures		21

 PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC.

 BALANCE SHEETS

ASSETS
	September 30,			December 31,
	2018			2017
	(UNAUDITED)
Current Assets
Cash	$	2,262,742		$	920,802
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $15,000		356,432			336,009
Inventories		2,245,691			617,444
Prepaid expenses		530,794			138,175
Total current assets		5,395,659			2,012,430
Property and Equipment, at cost
Machinery and equipment		8,016,072			7,824,563
Furniture and fixtures		127,610			132,543
Leasehold improvements		360,225			327,904
Construction in progress		115,491			22,504
		8,619,398			8,307,514
Less accumulated depreciation		(6,626,510	)		(6,422,448	)
		1,992,888			1,885,066
Other Assets		62,202			52,078
TOTAL ASSETS	$	7,450,749		$	3,949,574

 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.     

3

 SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC.

 BALANCE SHEETS

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

	September 30,			December 31,
	2018			2017
	(UNAUDITED)
Current Liabilities
Capital lease obligations, current portion	$	133,891		$	129,500
Notes payable, current portion		81,889			221,105
Accounts payable		429,291			307,498
Customer deposits		3,259,836			407,956
Accrued compensation		174,695			83,314
Accrued expenses and other		121,094			138,662
Total current liabilities		4,200,696			1,288,035
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion		167,237			181,744
Total liabilities		4,367,933			1,469,779
Shareholders' Equity
Convertible preferred stock, Series B, 10% cumulative, nonvoting, no par value, $10 stated value, optional  redemption at 103%; optional shareholder conversion 2 shares for 1; 24,152 shares issued and outstanding		508,400			514,438
Common stock, no par value, authorized 15,000,000 shares; 4,239,326 and 4,185,839 shares issued and outstanding, respectively		10,205,526			10,131,307
Additional paid-in capital		2,281,941			2,289,474
Accumulated deficit		(9,913,051	)		(10,455,424	)
		3,082,816			2,479,795
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	$	7,450,749		$	3,949,574

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.    

4

SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC.

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

THREE MONTHS AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2018 AND 2017

(UNAUDITED)

	THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPT. 30,					NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPT. 30,
	2018		2017			2018			2017
Revenue	$	2,652,635	$	1,978,014		$	7,043,244		$	5,261,428
Cost of revenue		1,986,751		1,607,095			5,125,819			4,090,677
Gross profit		665,884		370,919			1,917,425			1,170,751
General and administrative expense		310,464		244,062			840,171			754,612
Research and development expense		98,514		90,927			252,049			252,714
Marketing and sales expense		110,209		51,421			260,805			126,891
Income (loss) from operations		146,697		(15,491	)		564,400			36,534
Interest income (expense)		2,015		(9,862	)		(10,949	)		(32,066	)
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes		148,712		(25,353	)		553,451			4,468
Income tax		4,586		-			11,078			948
Net income (loss)		144,126		(25,353	)		542,373			3,520
Dividends on preferred stock		6,038		6,038			18,114			18,114
INCOME (LOSS) APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHARES	$	138,088	$	(31,391	)	$	524,259		$	(14,594	)
Earnings per share - basic and diluted (Note 7)
Income (loss) per common share
Basic	$	0.03	$	(0.01	)	$	0.12		$	(0.00	)
Diluted	$	0.03	$	(0.01	)	$	0.12		$	(0.00	)
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic		4,232,214		4,149,537			4,214,573			4,126,478
Diluted		4,294,214		4,149,537			4,228,943			4,126,478

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.                      

5

SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC.

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2018 AND 2017

(UNAUDITED)

	2018			2017
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	542,373		$	3,520
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and accretion		344,163			344,089
Amortization		2,142			7,079
Stock based compensation		83,960			149,052
Net loss on disposal of equipment		275			-
Inventory reserve		(27,759	)		(6,000	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(20,423	)		37,883
Inventories		(1,600,487	)		(486,704	)
Prepaid expenses		(392,619	)		(11,384	)
Other assets		(11,480	)		948
Accounts payable		121,793			25,639
Accrued expenses and customer deposits		2,923,898			578,750
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,965,836			642,872
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property and equipment		(345,140	)		(76,577	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(345,140	)		(76,577	)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options		840			-
Principal payments on capital lease obligations and notes payable		(255,444	)		(240,156	)
Payment of cumulative dividends on preferred stock		(24,152	)		-
Net cash used in financing activities		(278,756	)		(240,156	)
NET INCREASE IN CASH		1,341,940			326,139
CASH - Beginning of period		920,802			730,352
CASH - End of period	$	2,262,742		$	1,056,491
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH
FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	18,774		$	32,427
Income taxes		11,078			948
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NONCASH
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Property and equipment purchased by capital lease		105,325			103,550
Increase in asset retirement obligation		1,796			914

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

6

SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Business Organization and Purpose

SCI Engineered Materials, Inc. (“SCI”, or the “Company”), formerly Superconductive Components, Inc., an Ohio corporation, was incorporated in 1987.  The Company operates in one segment as a global supplier and manufacturer of advanced materials for Physical Vapor Deposition (“PVD”) Thin Film Applications.  The Company is focused on specific markets within the PVD industry (Photonics, Thin Film Solar, Glass, and Transparent Electronics).  Substantially all of the Company’s revenues are generated from customers with multi-national operations.  Through collaboration with end users and Original Equipment Manufacturers the Company develops innovative customized solutions enabling commercial success.

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation - The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods presented have been included. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2017. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.

Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Note 3. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which modified lease accounting for both lessees and lessors to increase transparency and comparability by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous accounting standards and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2016-02 on its financial statements.

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) – Deferral of the Effective Date,” which revises the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” (“ASU 2014-09”) to interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted no earlier than interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, which amends current revenue guidance. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company’s analysis of sales contracts under ASC 606 supports the recognition of revenue at a point in time, typically when title passes to the customer upon shipment, which is consistent with the previous revenue recognition model.

The core principle of ASC 606 is supported by five steps which are listed below:

1. Identify the contract with the customer.

2. Identify the performance obligation in the contract.

3. Determine the transaction price.

4. Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract.

5. Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

The Company adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2018 utilizing the modified retrospective approach method as applied to customer contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. As a result financial information for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 are presented in accordance with ASC 606, while comparative financial information has not been adjusted and continues to be reported in

7

SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 3. Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued)

accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policies prior to the adoption of ASC 606. Implementation of the standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements as the Company’s method for recognizing revenue subsequent to the implementation of ASC 606 does not vary significantly from its revenue recognition practices under the prior revenue standard. Accordingly, there was no required cumulative adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018.

The Company enters into contracts with its customers that generally represent purchase orders specifying general terms and conditions, order quantities and per unit product price. The Company has determined that each unit of product purchased represents a separate performance obligation. The Company satisfies its performance obligations and recognizes revenue at a point in time when control of a unit of product is transferred to the customer. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring products. For the majority of product sales, transfer of control occurs when the products are shipped from the Company's manufacturing facility to the customer. The cost of delivering products to the Company's customers is recorded as a component of cost of products sold. Those costs may include the amounts paid to a third party to deliver the products. Any freight costs billed to and paid by a customer are included in revenue.

The Company considers collectability of amounts due under a contract to be probable upon inception of a sale based on an evaluation of the credit worthiness of each customer. The Company sells its products typically under agreements with payment terms less than 45 days. The Company does not typically include extended payment terms or significant financing components in contracts with customers. The majority of the Company’s contracts have an obligation to transfer products within one year. Sales commissions are expensed when incurred and recorded within marketing and sales expenses. The Company treats shipping and handling activities that occur after control of the product transfers as fulfillment activities, and therefore, does not account for shipping and handling costs as a separate performance obligation. Customer deposits are funds received in advance from customers and are recognized as revenue when the Company has transferred control of product to the customer.

During the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, revenue from the Photonics market was approximately 71.5% and 94.8% of total revenue, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, revenue from the Photonics market was approximately 80.1% and 95.8% of total revenue, respectively. The balance of the revenue in these periods was almost entirely from the Thin Film Solar market. The top two customers represented approximately 62.6% and 82.3% of total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. International shipments resulted in 19.6% and 6.5% of total revenue for the first nine months of 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Note 4. Common Stock and Stock Options

Stock based compensation cost for all stock awards is based on the grant date fair value and recognized over the required service (vesting) period. Non cash stock based compensation expense was $40,491 and $51,521 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Non cash stock based compensation expense was $83,960 and $149,052 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Unrecognized compensation expense was $37,908 as of September 30, 2018 and will be recognized through 2023. There was no tax benefit recorded for this compensation cost as the expense primarily relates to incentive stock options that do not qualify for a tax deduction until, and only if, a qualifying disposition occurs.

The non-employee Board members received compensation of 52,487 and 66,609 aggregate shares of common stock of the Company during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The stock had an aggregate value of $73,380 and $58,984 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and was recorded as non-cash stock compensation expense in the financial statements.

The cumulative status of options granted and outstanding at September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, as well as options which became exercisable in connection with the Company’s stock option plans is summarized as follows:

8

SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 4. Common Stock and Stock Options (continued)

Employee Stock Options

				Weighted
				Average
	Stock Options			Exercise Price
Outstanding at January 1, 2017		397,671		$	4.39
Exercised		(16,224	)		0.84
Outstanding at December 31, 2017		381,447		$	4.54
Granted		41,719			1.25
Exercised		(1,000	)		0.84
Expired		(5,000	)		3.10
Outstanding at September 30, 2018		417,166		$	4.24
Options exercisable at December 31, 2017		303,829		$	5.03
Options exercisable at September 30, 2018		324,979		$	5.15

Exercise prices for options ranged from $0.84 to $6.00 at September 30, 2018. The weighted average option price for all options outstanding at September 30, 2018, was $4.24 with a weighted average remaining contractual life of 2.6 years. There were no non-employee stock options outstanding during 2018 or 2017.

Note 5. Preferred Stock

Dividends on the Series B preferred stock accrue at 10% annually on the outstanding shares. Dividends on the Series B preferred stock were $6,038 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 and $18,114 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. The Company had accrued dividends on Series B preferred stock of $259,634 at September 30, 2018, and $265,672 at December 31, 2017. These amounts are included in Convertible preferred stock, Series B on the balance sheet at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. In July 2018, a cash dividend in the amount of $24,152 was paid to Series B preferred shareholders of record as of June 30, 2018.

Note 6. Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following:	September 30,			December 31,
	2018			2017
		(unaudited)
Raw materials	$	1,061,892		$	141,733
Work-in-process		1,117,396			370,318
Finished goods		94,643			161,393
Inventory reserve		(28,240	)		(56,000	)
	$	2,245,691		$	617,444

Note 7. Earnings Per Share

Basic income per share is calculated as income applicable to common shareholders divided by the weighted average of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is calculated as diluted income applicable to common shareholders divided by the diluted weighted average number of common shares. Diluted weighted average number of common shares gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method and convertible preferred stock using the if-converted method. Diluted earnings per share exclude all diluted potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, all convertible preferred stock and common stock options listed in Note 4 that were out-of-the-money or anti-dilutive were excluded from diluted earnings per share.

9

SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 7. Earnings Per Share (continued)

The following is provided to reconcile the earnings per share calculations:

	Three months ended Sept. 30,					Nine months ended Sept. 30,
	2018		2017			2018		2017
Income (loss) applicable
to common shares	$	138,088	$	(31,391	)	$	524,259	$	(14,594	)
Weighted average common
shares outstanding - basic		4,232,214		4,149,537			4,214,573		4,126,478
Effect of dilution		62,000		-			14,370		-
Weighted average
shares outstanding - diluted		4,294,214		4,149,537			4,228,943		4,126,478

Note 8. Notes Payable

During 2010, the Company applied and was approved for a 166 Direct Loan to borrow up to $744,250 with the Ohio Department of Development (ODOD), now known as the Ohio Development Services Agency (ODSA). This loan was finalized in February 2011. The term of the loan is 84 months at a fixed interest rate of 3%. There is also a 0.25% annual servicing fee charged monthly on the outstanding principal balance. As of September 30, 2018 there was an outstanding balance of $81,889 on this loan. A payment of approximately $10,400, including principal, interest and servicing fee was paid in October 2018. The Company expects to make the final payment of approximately $71,900 in November 2018. This loan is subject to certain covenants, including job creation and retention. On July 21, 2014, the Company and ODSA signed a second amendment relating to the job creation and retention. The Company was in compliance with all covenants at September 30, 2018. During 2010, the Company also applied and was approved for a 166 Direct Loan through the Advanced Energy Program with the Ohio Air Quality Development Authority (OAQDA) to borrow up to approximately $1.4 million. This maximum commitment by the OAQDA was subsequently reduced to $368,906 on March 20, 2012. A final payment of approximately $50,400 was made as scheduled during February 2018 and this loan was repaid in full.

Note 9. Income Taxes

Following is the income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30:

	Three months ended  September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
		2018		2017		2018		2017
Federal - deferred	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
State and local		4,586		-		11,078		948
	$	4,586	$	-	$	11,078	$	948

Deferred tax assets and liabilities result from temporary differences in the recognition of income and expense for tax and financial reporting purposes. A full valuation allowance has been recorded against the realizability of the net deferred tax assets at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.  The Company has net operating loss carryforwards available for federal and state tax purposes of approximately $4,900,000 which expire in varying amounts through 2037.

10

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Financial Statements and Notes contained herein and with those in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Except for the historical information contained herein, the matters discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which are intended to be covered by the safe harbors created thereby. Those statements include, but may not be limited to, all statements regarding our intent, belief, and expectations, such as statements concerning our future profitability and operating and growth strategy. Words such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “will,” “may,” “should,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” “likely” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Investors are cautioned that all forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in other statements we make involve risks and uncertainties including, without limitation, the factors set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, and other factors detailed from time to time in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. One or more of these factors have affected, and in the future could affect our business and financial condition and could cause actual results to differ materially from plans and projections. Although we believe the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements contained herein are reasonable, there can be no assurance that any of the forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q will prove to be accurate. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that our objectives and plans will be achieved.

Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which such statement is made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statements are made or reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, unless necessary to prevent such statements from becoming misleading. New factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all factors, nor can it assess the impact of each such factor on the business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

Overview

SCI Engineered Materials, Inc. (“SCI”, “we” or the “Company”), formerly Superconductive Components, Inc., an Ohio corporation, was incorporated in 1987.  We operate in one segment as a global supplier and manufacturer of advanced materials for Physical Vapor Deposition (“PVD”) Thin Film Applications.  We are focused on specific markets within the PVD industry (Photonics, Thin Film Solar, Glass, and Transparent Electronics).  Substantially all of our revenues are generated from customers with multi-national operations.  Sales to Photonics customers fluctuate from time to time and currently represent a substantial amount of our revenue. We have made considerable resource investments in the Thin Film Solar market and several new customers have recently adopted our products.  Through collaboration with end users and Original Equipment Manufacturers we develop innovative customized solutions enabling commercial success.

11

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

Executive Summary

For the three months ended September 30, 2018, we had total revenue of $2,652,635. This was an increase of $674,621, or 34.1%, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we had total revenue of $7,043,244. This was an increase of $1,781,816, or 33.9%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017, and also exceeded the total revenue of $6,801,365 for all of 2017. Volume was higher in our thin film solar market as well as in our photonics market. Orders for thin film solar products accelerated throughout the first nine months of 2018 resulting in increased quarter end backlog. We are encouraged by developments in the global thin film solar market, led by manufacturing installations coming on line and announcements of new projects. We are actively working to extend our presence in this growing market and expect this increased volume in our thin film solar market to continue through at least the first half of next year.

Gross profit was $665,884, for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $370,919 for the same three months in 2017. This was an increase of $294,965, or 79.5%. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 25.1% for the third quarter of 2018 compared to 18.8% for the same period in 2017. Gross profit was $1,917,425 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $1,170,751 for the same period in 2017. This was an increase of $746,674, or 63.8%. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 27.2% for the first nine months of 2018 compared to 22.3% for the same period in 2017.

Operating expenses were $519,187, and $386,410 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. This was an increase of $132,777, or 34.4%. Operating expenses were $1,353,025 and $1,134,217 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. This was an increase of $218,808, or 19.3%.

For the three months ended September 30, 2018, we had net income of $144,126, compared to net loss of $25,353 for the three months ended September 30, 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we had net income of $542,373, compared to $3,520 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The impact of recently enacted tariffs imposed by the U.S. Government is currently having an immaterial impact on our gross profit and net income.

We expect revenue in the fourth quarter of 2018 to be higher compared to the third quarter of 2018. If our expectations come to fruition, second half revenue in 2018 would exceed first half revenue by 40% or more. We expect gross profit and net income in the fourth quarter of 2018 to be higher than the third quarter of 2018 and contribute to record net income for the full-year 2018. Backlog has continued to increase since June 30, 2018 and includes a few new substantial orders involving relatively low margin business expected to ship in the fourth quarter of 2018.

Customer deposits increased nearly 700% to $3,259,836 at September 30, 2018 from $407,956 at December 31, 2017, due to orders received from our thin film solar market and photonics market customers during 2018. Customer deposits represent cash received in advance of revenue earned. These orders are expected to ship during the remainder of 2018 and the first half of 2019.

We have new materials under development that may replace the Cadmium Sulfide buffer layer in CIGS solar cells. These materials were tested at Case Western Reserve University and the results support the use of our innovative material in thin film solar applications that could lead to higher efficiencies. We are working with customers through product trials and qualifications to accelerate their application to market. We continue to invest in developing new products for all of our markets including transparent conductive oxide systems for the thin film solar and display markets as well as with our transparent electronic products. These efforts include accelerating time to market for those products and involve research and development expense.

SCI’s patent titled “Display having a transparent conductive oxide layer comprising metal doped zinc oxide applied by sputtering” (US patent No. 9,927,667) was issued on March 27, 2018. The transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) we developed in this patent have excellent electro-optical performance, high transmittance, high conductivity and good chemical resistance. This patent has various applications that include LCDs, micro LED, OLED, smart windows & mirrors, AR/VR goggles, e-papers, and wearable electronics. Our clients, in relevant applications, are entitled to use the patent number when referring to the devices covered by the patent and benefit from it. We believe the TCOs claimed and protected in the patent have wide and innovative applications which can put SCI in a unique position in the market as well as bring us additional business opportunities.

12

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 (unaudited) compared to three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 (unaudited):

Revenue

For the three months ended September 30, 2018, we had total revenue of $2,652,635. This was an increase of $674,621, or 34.1%, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we had total revenue of $7,043,244 compared to $5,261,428 for the same period in 2017. This was an increase of $1,781,816 or 33.9%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Volume was higher in our thin film solar market and photonics market. We expect revenue in the fourth quarter of 2018 to be higher compared to the third quarter of 2018. If our expectations come to fruition, second half revenue in 2018 would exceed first half revenue by 40% or more.

Revenue from sales are recognized when the Company meets its performance obligations. Revenue from product sales is recognized based on shipping terms or upon shipment to customers. Provisions for discounts and rework costs for returns are established when products are shipped based on historical experience. Customer deposits represent cash received in advance of revenue earned.

Gross Profit

Gross profit was $665,884 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $370,919 for the same three months in 2017. This was an increase of $294,965, or 79.5%. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue (gross margin) was 25.1% for the third quarter of 2018 compared to 18.8% for the same period in 2017. Gross profit was $1,917,425 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $1,170,751 for the first nine months of 2017. This was an increase of $746,674 or 63.8%. Gross margin was 27.2% for the first nine months of 2018 compared to 22.3% for the same period in 2017. The increase in gross profit and gross margin was attributed to increased revenue as well as improved product mix.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2018, and 2017 were $310,464 and $244,062, respectively, an increase of 27.2%. This increase was primarily related to higher compensation of approximately $74,000. The third quarter of 2017 included lower compensation due to cost cutting measures which were instituted late in 2016. The third quarter of 2018 included lower non-cash stock compensation expense by approximately $12,000 compared to the third quarter of 2017.

General and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, and 2017 were $840,171, and $754,612, respectively, an increase of 11.3%. This increase was primarily related to higher compensation of approximately $152,000. The first nine months of 2017 included lower compensation due to cost cutting measures previously mentioned. The first nine months of 2018 included lower non-cash stock compensation expense by approximately $67,000 compared to the same time period in 2017.

Professional Fees

Included in general and administrative expense was $35,022, and $42,118 for professional fees for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively and $130,657, and $139,350 for professional fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. These continued expenses were primarily related to SEC compliance costs for legal, accounting and stockholder relations fees.

13

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

Research and Development Expense

Research and development expense for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was $98,514 compared to $90,927 for the same period in 2017, an increase of 8.3%. This increase was related to increased compensation and benefits in addition to ongoing research. Research and development expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $252,049 compared to $252,714 for the same period in 2017. We continue to invest in developing new products for all of our markets including an innovative buffer layer for Thin Film solar cells, transparent conductive oxide systems for applications in transparent electronics and thin film solar applications. These efforts include accelerating time to market for those products and involve ongoing research and development expense.

Marketing and Sales Expense

Marketing and sales expense was $110,209 and $51,421 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. This was an increase of $58,788 or 114.3%. This increase was primarily related to higher wages and benefits of approximately $32,000, sales rep commissions of approximately $13,000 and travel costs of approximately $11,000.

Marketing and sales expense was $260,805 and $126,891 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. This was an increase of $133,914 or 105.5%. This increase was primarily related to higher wages and benefits of approximately $91,000, sales rep commissions of approximately $25,000, and travel expenses of approximately $17,000.

These higher marketing and sales expenses were directly related to implementation of our growth strategy.

Stock Compensation Expense

Included in total expenses were non-cash stock based compensation costs of $40,941 and $51,521 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively and $83,960 and $149,052 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. This decrease is a result of stock options becoming fully vested in 2018. Compensation cost for all stock-based awards is based on the grant date fair value and recognized over the required service (vesting) period. Unrecognized non-cash stock based compensation expense related to operating expense was $37,908 as of September 30, 2018 and will be recognized through 2023.

Interest

Interest income was $2,015 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to interest expense of $9,862 for the three months ended September 30, 2017. Interest expense was $10,949 and $32,066 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The improvement was due to lower principal balances on our debt and increased earned income on higher cash balances. Interest expense is expected to continue to decrease as we anticipate paying the entire remaining balance of $81,889 on our note payable during the fourth quarter of 2018.

Income/Loss Applicable to Common Shares

Income applicable to common shares for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was $138,088 compared to a loss of $31,391 for the three months ended September 30, 2017. Income applicable to common shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $524,259, compared to a loss of $14,594 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The improvement was due to higher revenue and gross profit.

Common Stock

The following schedule represents our outstanding common stock during the period of 2018 through 2028 assuming all outstanding stock options are exercised during the year of expiration. Based on outstanding shares at September 30, 2018, if each shareholder exercises his or her options, it would increase our common shares by 417,166 to 4,656,492 by December 31, 2028. Assuming all such options are exercised in the year of expiration, the effect on shares outstanding is illustrated as follows:

	Options due to expire		Potential shares outstanding		Weighted average exercise price
2019		271,500		4,510,826	$	6.00
2024		103,947		4,614,773	$	0.84
2028		41,719		4,656,492	$	1.25

14

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash

Cash on hand at September 30, 2018 was $2,262,742 compared to $920,802 at December 31, 2017. This was an increase of $1,341,940 or 145.7%. The increase was primarily due to the receipt of customer deposits.

Working Capital

At September 30, 2018 working capital was $1,194,963 compared to $724,395 at December 31, 2017, an increase of $470,568 or 65.0%. Inventories increased approximately $1,628,000 and customer deposits increased approximately $2,852,000 due to orders received from our thin film solar market as well as our photonics market during 2018. Accounts receivable and accounts payable increased approximately $20,000 and $122,000 respectively. Prepaid expenses increased approximately $393,000 due to raw material purchased in September 2018 and received in October 2018. Current debt obligations decreased approximately $135,000 during 2018.

Cash from Operations

Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $1,966,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and approximately $643,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Included in expenses were depreciation and amortization of approximately $346,000 and $351,000 and non-cash stock based compensation costs of approximately $84,000 and $149,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. In addition, accrued expenses and customer deposits increased approximately $2,924,000 and $579,000, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The increase in 2018 was due primarily to deposits received from our thin film solar and photonics customers during 2018.

Cash from Investing Activities

Cash of approximately $345,000 was used in investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to approximately $77,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, principally for purchases of property and equipment.

Cash from Financing Activities

Cash of approximately $255,000 and $240,000 was used in financing activities for principal payments to third parties for capital lease obligations and notes payable during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. In July 2018, a cash payment in the amount of $24,152 was made for payment of accumulated dividends on preferred stock.

Debt Outstanding

Total debt outstanding decreased to approximately $383,000 at September 30, 2018, from approximately $532,000 at December 31, 2017, a decrease of 28.1%. Debt issuance costs of $787 at December 31, 2017 are netted for financial statement presentation. There were no debt issuance costs at September 30, 2018. During 2018 we incurred a new capital lease obligation of approximately $105,000.

15

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off balance sheet arrangements including special purpose entities.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Note 2 to the Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, describes the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of the Financial Statements. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, accounting for the allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory allowances, property and equipment depreciable lives, patents and licenses useful lives, revenue recognition, tax valuation allowance, stock based compensation and assessing changes in which impairment of certain long-lived assets may occur. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The following critical accounting policies are impacted significantly by judgments, assumptions and estimates used in the preparation of the Financial Statements. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our assessment of the collectability of specific customer accounts and the aging of the accounts receivable. If there is a deterioration of a major customer’s credit worthiness or actual defaults are higher than our historical experience, our estimates of the recoverability of amounts due us could be adversely affected. Inventory purchases and commitments are based upon future demand forecasts. If there is a sudden and significant decrease in demand for our products or there is a higher risk of inventory obsolescence because of rapidly changing technology and customer requirements, we may be required to increase our inventory allowances and our gross margin could be adversely affected. Depreciable and useful lives estimated for property and equipment, licenses and patents are based on initial expectations of the period of time these assets and intangibles will benefit us. Changes in circumstances related to a change in our business, change in technology or other factors could result in these assets becoming impaired, which could adversely affect the value of these assets.

16

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Due to a segregation of duties material weakness described below, and based on this evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of September 30, 2018, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective, at the reasonable assurance level, in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act and in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely discussions regarding required disclosure. We will continue to report to the Audit Committee and the Board of Directors at least monthly (and more often as necessary). We believe this will continue to mitigate this weakness. This reporting includes balance sheets, statements of operations, statements of cash flows, and other detail supporting these statements. Accordingly, we believe that the financial statements included in this report fairly present, in all material respects, our financial condition, results of operation, changes in shareholder’s equity and cash flows for all periods presented.

Inherent Limitations over Internal Controls

Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our internal controls will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of internal controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. Also, any evaluation of the effectiveness of controls in future periods is subject to the risk that those internal controls may become inadequate because of changes in business conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

17

Item 4. Controls and Procedures (continued)

Management previously disclosed a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting in its annual report on Form 10-K, filed on February 1, 2018, for the year ended December 31, 2017, relating to insufficient segregation of duties consistent with control objectives. Management is aware of the risks associated with the lack of segregation of duties due to the small number of employees currently working with general administrative and financial matters. Due to our size and nature, segregation of all conflicting duties may not always be possible and may not be economically feasible. However, to the extent possible, the initiation of transactions, the custody of assets and the recording of transactions shall be performed by separate individuals. In order to remediate this weakness, we will need to hire additional employees. Although we will periodically reevaluate this situation, at this point we consider that the risks associated with such lack of segregation of duties and the potential benefits of adding employees to segregate such duties are not cost justified. We will continue to report to the Audit Committee and the Board of Directors at least monthly (and more often as necessary). We believe this will continue to mitigate this weakness. This reporting includes balance sheets, statements of operations, statements of cash flows, and other detail supporting these statements.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting for the three months ended September 30, 2018, that materially affected or were reasonably likely to materially affect our disclosure controls and procedures. Additionally, there were no changes in our internal controls that could materially affect our disclosure controls and procedures subsequent to the date of their evaluation.

18

Part II. Other Information

Item 6. Exhibits

3.1	Certificate of Second Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Superconductive Components, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(a) to the Company’s initial Form 10-SB, filed on September 28, 2000)
3.2	Restated Code of Regulations of Superconductive Components, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) to the Company’s initial Form 10-SB, filed on September 28, 2000)
3.3	Amendment to Articles of Incorporation recording the change of the corporate name to SCI Engineered Materials, Inc.  (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB filed November 7, 2007).
4.1	SCI Engineered Materials, Inc. 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2011 Annual Meeting of Shareholders held on June 10, 2011, filed April 28, 2011).
4.2	Superconductive Components, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2006 Annual Meeting of Shareholders held on June 9, 2006, filed May 1, 2006).
4.3	Description of the Material Terms of the Stock Option Grant and Cash Bonus Plan for Executive Officers (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated June 19, 2006, filed June 23, 2006)
4.4	Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the Superconductive Components, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 19, 2006, filed June 23, 2006).
4.5	Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement under the Superconductive Components, Inc. 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 19, 2006, filed June 23, 2006).
4.6	Description of the Material Terms of the Stock Option Grant for Executive Officers and Board of Directors (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 2, 2009, filed January 6, 2009).
10.1	Description of amendment to the Loan Agreement between the Company and The Ohio Air Quality Development Authority (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 26, 2012).
10.2	Description of amendment to the Loan Agreement between the Company and the Ohio Department of Development (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 2012).
10.3	Description of amendment to the Loan Agreement between the Company and The Ohio Air Quality Development Authority (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed July 10, 2012).
10.4	Description of amendment to the Loan Agreement between the Company and The Ohio Air Quality Development Authority (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 19, 2012).
10.5	Description of amendment to the Loan Agreement between the Company and the Ohio Development Services Agency, formerly known as the Ohio Department of Development (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated March 19, 2013).

19

Part II. Other Information

Item 6. Exhibits (continued)

10.6	Description of modification to payment schedules between the Company and the Ohio Development Services Agency, formerly known as the Ohio Department of Development and Description of Business Loan Agreement between the Company and The Huntington National Bank dated as of October 8, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated August 12, 2013).
10.7	Description of amendment to Loan Documents between the Company and the Ohio Air Quality Development Authority dated as of December 20, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated December 26, 2013).
10.8	Description of amendment to the Loan Agreement between the Company and the Ohio Development Services Agency, formerly known as the Ohio Department of Development (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated July 24, 2014).
10.9	Description of amendment to Loan Documents between the Company and the Ohio Air Quality Development Authority dated as of July 21, 2016 (Incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated July 22, 2016).

31.1 Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer.*

31.2 Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer.*

32.1 Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Certification of Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer.*

99.1 Press Release dated October 31, 2018, entitled “SCI Engineered Materials, Inc. Reports Nine Month and Third Quarter 2018 Results; Increases Full-Year Outlook.”

101 The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2018, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, (iv) Notes to Financial Statements.*

* Filed with this report

20

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	SCI ENGINEERED MATERIALS, INC.
Date: October 31, 2018		/s/ Daniel Rooney
		Daniel Rooney, Chairman of the Board of Directors,
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)
		/s/ Gerald S. Blaskie
		Gerald S. Blaskie, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

21

EX-31.1

 Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Daniel Rooney, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of SCI Engineered Materials, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: October 31, 2018	/s/ Daniel Rooney
	Daniel Rooney
	Chairman of the Board of Directors,
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Gerald S. Blaskie, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of SCI Engineered Materials, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: October 31, 2018	/s/ Gerald S. Blaskie
	Gerald S. Blaskie
	Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of SCI Engineered Materials, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2018 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Daniel Rooney, Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

           (1)       The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

           (2)       The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

/s/ Daniel Rooney

Daniel Rooney

Chairman of the Board of Directors,

President and Chief Executive Officer of

SCI Engineered Materials, Inc.

(Principal Executive Officer)

October 31, 2018

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of SCI Engineered Materials, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2018 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Gerald S. Blaskie, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

           (1)       The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

           (2)       The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

/s/ Gerald S. Blaskie

Gerald S. Blaskie

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of

SCI Engineered Materials, Inc. (Principal Financial Officer

and Principal Accounting Officer)

October 31, 2018

XML

Document And Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Oct. 30, 2018
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Entity Registrant Name	SCI Engineered Materials, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0000830616
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Trading Symbol	SCIA
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		4,239,326
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	true

XML

BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Current Assets
Cash	$ 2,262,742	$ 920,802
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $15,000	356,432	336,009
Inventories	2,245,691	617,444
Prepaid expenses	530,794	138,175
Total current assets	5,395,659	2,012,430
Property and Equipment, at cost
Machinery and equipment	8,016,072	7,824,563
Furniture and fixtures	127,610	132,543
Leasehold improvements	360,225	327,904
Construction in progress	115,491	22,504
Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross	8,619,398	8,307,514
Less accumulated depreciation	(6,626,510)	(6,422,448)
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net	1,992,888	1,885,066
Other Assets	62,202	52,078
TOTAL ASSETS	7,450,749	3,949,574
Current Liabilities
Capital lease obligations, current portion	133,891	129,500
Notes payable, current portion	81,889	221,105
Accounts payable	429,291	307,498
Customer deposits	3,259,836	407,956
Accrued compensation	174,695	83,314
Accrued expenses and other	121,094	138,662
Total current liabilities	4,200,696	1,288,035
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion	167,237	181,744
Total liabilities	4,367,933	1,469,779
Shareholders' Equity
Convertible preferred stock, Series B, 10% cumulative, nonvoting, no par value, $10 stated value, optional redemption at 103%; optional shareholder conversion 2 shares for 1; 24,152 shares issued and outstanding	508,400	514,438
Common stock, no par value, authorized 15,000,000 shares; 4,239,326 and 4,185,839 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	10,205,526	10,131,307
Additional paid-in capital	2,281,941	2,289,474
Accumulated deficit	(9,913,051)	(10,455,424)
Total shareholders' equity	3,082,816	2,479,795
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 7,450,749	$ 3,949,574

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BALANCE SHEETS [Parenthetical] - USD ($)	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Allowance for doubtful accounts (in dollars)	$ 15,000	$ 15,000
Common stock, shares authorized	15,000,000	15,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	4,239,326	4,185,839
Common stock, shares outstanding	4,239,326	4,185,839
Convertible Preferred Stock Series B [Member]
Convertible preferred stock, series B, cumulative percentage of interest	10.00%	10.00%
Convertible preferred stock, stated value (in dollars per share)	$ 10	$ 10
Convertible preferred stock, optional redemption	103.00%	103.00%
Convertible preferred stock, optional shareholder conversion	2:1	2:1
Convertible preferred stock, shares issued	24,152	24,152
Convertible preferred stock, shares outstanding	24,152	24,152

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STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Revenue	$ 2,652,635	$ 1,978,014	$ 7,043,244	$ 5,261,428
Cost of revenue	1,986,751	1,607,095	5,125,819	4,090,677
Gross profit	665,884	370,919	1,917,425	1,170,751
General and administrative expense	310,464	244,062	840,171	754,612
Research and development expense	98,514	90,927	252,049	252,714
Marketing and sales expense	110,209	51,421	260,805	126,891
Income (loss) from operations	146,697	(15,491)	564,400	36,534
Interest income (expense)	2,015	(9,862)	(10,949)	(32,066)
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	148,712	(25,353)	553,451	4,468
Income tax	4,586	0	11,078	948
Net income (loss)	144,126	(25,353)	542,373	3,520
Dividends on preferred stock	6,038	6,038	18,114	18,114
INCOME (LOSS) APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHARES	$ 138,088	$ (31,391)	$ 524,259	$ (14,594)
Income (loss) per common share
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.03	$ (0.01)	$ 0.12	$ 0.00
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.03	$ (0.01)	$ 0.12	$ 0.00
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic (in shares)	4,232,214	4,149,537	4,214,573	4,126,478
Diluted (in shares)	4,294,214	4,149,537	4,228,943	4,126,478

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STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$ 542,373	$ 3,520
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and accretion	344,163	344,089
Amortization	2,142	7,079
Stock based compensation	83,960	149,052
Net loss on disposal of equipment	275	0
Inventory reserve	(27,759)	(6,000)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(20,423)	37,883
Inventories	(1,600,487)	(486,704)
Prepaid expenses	(392,619)	(11,384)
Other assets	(11,480)	948
Accounts payable	121,793	25,639
Accrued expenses and customer deposits	2,923,898	578,750
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,965,836	642,872
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property and equipment	(345,140)	(76,577)
Net cash used in investing activities	(345,140)	(76,577)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options	840	0
Principal payments on capital lease obligations and notes payable	(255,444)	(240,156)
Payment of cumulative dividends on preferred stock	(24,152)	0
Net cash used in financing activities	(278,756)	(240,156)
NET INCREASE IN CASH	1,341,940	326,139
CASH - Beginning of period	920,802	730,352
CASH - End of period	2,262,742	1,056,491
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid during the period for: Interest	18,774	32,427
Cash paid during the period for: Income taxes	11,078	948
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NONCASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Property and equipment purchased by capital lease	105,325	103,550
Increase in asset retirement obligation	$ 1,796	$ 914

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Business Organization and Purpose

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 1. Business Organization and Purpose

SCI Engineered Materials, Inc. (“SCI”, or the “Company”), formerly Superconductive Components, Inc., an Ohio corporation, was incorporated in 1987.  The Company operates in one segment as a global supplier and manufacturer of advanced materials for Physical Vapor Deposition (“PVD”) Thin Film Applications.  The Company is focused on specific markets within the PVD industry (Photonics, Thin Film Solar, Glass, and Transparent Electronics).  Substantially all of the Company’s revenues are generated from customers with multi-national operations.  Through collaboration with end users and Original Equipment Manufacturers the Company develops innovative customized solutions enabling commercial success.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation - The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods presented have been included. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2017. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.

Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Note 3. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which modified lease accounting for both lessees and lessors to increase transparency and comparability by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous accounting standards and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 will be effective for the Company beginning in its first quarter of 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2016-02 on its financial statements.

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) – Deferral of the Effective Date,” which revises the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” (“ASU 2014-09”) to interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted no earlier than interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, which amends current revenue guidance. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company’s analysis of sales contracts under ASC 606 supports the recognition of revenue at a point in time, typically when title passes to the customer upon shipment, which is consistent with the previous revenue recognition model.

The core principle of ASC 606 is supported by five steps which are listed below:

1. Identify the contract with the customer.

2. Identify the performance obligation in the contract.

3. Determine the transaction price.

4. Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract.

5. Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

The Company adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2018 utilizing the modified retrospective approach method as applied to customer contracts that were not completed as of January 1, 2018. As a result financial information for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 are presented in accordance with ASC 606, while comparative financial information has not been adjusted and continues to be reported in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policies prior to the adoption of ASC 606. Implementation of the standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements as the Company’s method for recognizing revenue subsequent to the implementation of ASC 606 does not vary significantly from its revenue recognition practices under the prior revenue standard. Accordingly, there was no required cumulative adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018.

The Company enters into contracts with its customers that generally represent purchase orders specifying general terms and conditions, order quantities and per unit product price. The Company has determined that each unit of product purchased represents a separate performance obligation. The Company satisfies its performance obligations and recognizes revenue at a point in time when control of a unit of product is transferred to the customer. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring products. For the majority of product sales, transfer of control occurs when the products are shipped from the Company's manufacturing facility to the customer. The cost of delivering products to the Company's customers is recorded as a component of cost of products sold. Those costs may include the amounts paid to a third party to deliver the products. Any freight costs billed to and paid by a customer are included in revenue.

The Company considers collectability of amounts due under a contract to be probable upon inception of a sale based on an evaluation of the credit worthiness of each customer. The Company sells its products typically under agreements with payment terms less than 45 days. The Company does not typically include extended payment terms or significant financing components in contracts with customers. The majority of the Company’s contracts have an obligation to transfer products within one year. Sales commissions are expensed when incurred and recorded within marketing and sales expenses. The Company treats shipping and handling activities that occur after control of the product transfers as fulfillment activities, and therefore, does not account for shipping and handling costs as a separate performance obligation. Customer deposits are funds received in advance from customers and are recognized as revenue when the Company has transferred control of product to the customer.

During the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, revenue from the Photonics market was approximately 71.5% and 94.8% of total revenue, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, revenue from the Photonics market was approximately 80.1% and 95.8% of total revenue, respectively. The balance of the revenue in these periods was almost entirely from the Thin Film Solar market. The top two customers represented approximately 62.6% and 82.3% of total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. International shipments resulted in 19.6% and 6.5% of total revenue for the first nine months of 2018 and 2017, respectively.

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Common Stock and Stock Options

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]

Note 4. Common Stock and Stock Options

Stock based compensation cost for all stock awards is based on the grant date fair value and recognized over the required service (vesting) period. Non cash stock based compensation expense was $40,491 and $51,521 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Non cash stock based compensation expense was $83,960 and $149,052 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Unrecognized compensation expense was $37,908 as of September 30, 2018 and will be recognized through 2023. There was no tax benefit recorded for this compensation cost as the expense primarily relates to incentive stock options that do not qualify for a tax deduction until, and only if, a qualifying disposition occurs.

The non-employee Board members received compensation of 52,487 and 66,609 aggregate shares of common stock of the Company during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The stock had an aggregate value of $73,380 and $58,984 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and was recorded as non-cash stock compensation expense in the financial statements.

The cumulative status of options granted and outstanding at September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, as well as options which became exercisable in connection with the Company’s stock option plans is summarized as follows:

Employee Stock Options

				Weighted
				Average
	Stock Options			Exercise Price
Outstanding at January 1, 2017		397,671		$	4.39
Exercised		(16,224	)		0.84
Outstanding at December 31, 2017		381,447		$	4.54
Granted		41,719			1.25
Exercised		(1,000	)		0.84
Expired		(5,000	)		3.10
Outstanding at September 30, 2018		417,166		$	4.24
Options exercisable at December 31, 2017		303,829		$	5.03
Options exercisable at September 30, 2018		324,979		$	5.15

Exercise prices for options ranged from $0.84 to $6.00 at September 30, 2018. The weighted average option price for all options outstanding at September 30, 2018, was $4.24 with a weighted average remaining contractual life of 2.6 years. There were no non-employee stock options outstanding during 2018 or 2017.

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Preferred Stock

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Equity [Abstract]

Preferred Stock [Text Block]

Note 5. Preferred Stock

Dividends on the Series B preferred stock accrue at 10% annually on the outstanding shares. Dividends on the Series B preferred stock were $6,038 for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 and $18,114 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. The Company had accrued dividends on Series B preferred stock of $259,634 at September 30, 2018, and $265,672 at December 31, 2017. These amounts are included in Convertible preferred stock, Series B on the balance sheet at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. In July 2018, a cash dividend in the amount of $24,152 was paid to Series B preferred shareholders of record as of June 30, 2018.

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Inventories

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventory Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 6. Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following:	September 30,			December 31,
	2018			2017
		(unaudited)
Raw materials	$	1,061,892		$	141,733
Work-in-process		1,117,396			370,318
Finished goods		94,643			161,393
Inventory reserve		(28,240	)		(56,000	)
	$	2,245,691		$	617,444

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Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share [Text Block]

Note 7. Earnings Per Share

Basic income per share is calculated as income applicable to common shareholders divided by the weighted average of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is calculated as diluted income applicable to common shareholders divided by the diluted weighted average number of common shares. Diluted weighted average number of common shares gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method and convertible preferred stock using the if-converted method. Diluted earnings per share exclude all diluted potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, all convertible preferred stock and common stock options listed in Note 4 that were out-of-the-money or anti-dilutive were excluded from diluted earnings per share.

The following is provided to reconcile the earnings per share calculations:

	Three months ended Sept. 30,					Nine months ended Sept. 30,
	2018		2017			2018		2017
Income (loss) applicable
to common shares	$	138,088	$	(31,391	)	$	524,259	$	(14,594	)
Weighted average common
shares outstanding - basic		4,232,214		4,149,537			4,214,573		4,126,478
Effect of dilution		62,000		-			14,370		-
Weighted average
shares outstanding - diluted		4,294,214		4,149,537			4,228,943		4,126,478

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Notes Payable

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 8. Notes Payable

During 2010, the Company applied and was approved for a 166 Direct Loan to borrow up to $744,250 with the Ohio Department of Development (ODOD), now known as the Ohio Development Services Agency (ODSA). This loan was finalized in February 2011. The term of the loan is 84 months at a fixed interest rate of 3%. There is also a 0.25% annual servicing fee charged monthly on the outstanding principal balance. As of September 30, 2018 there was an outstanding balance of $81,889 on this loan. A payment of approximately $10,400, including principal, interest and servicing fee was paid in October 2018. The Company expects to make the final payment of approximately $71,900 in November 2018. This loan is subject to certain covenants, including job creation and retention. On July 21, 2014, the Company and ODSA signed a second amendment relating to the job creation and retention. The Company was in compliance with all covenants at September 30, 2018. During 2010, the Company also applied and was approved for a 166 Direct Loan through the Advanced Energy Program with the Ohio Air Quality Development Authority (OAQDA) to borrow up to approximately $1.4 million. This maximum commitment by the OAQDA was subsequently reduced to $368,906 on March 20, 2012. A final payment of approximately $50,400 was made as scheduled during February 2018 and this loan was repaid in full.

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Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]

Note 9. Income Taxes

Following is the income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30:

	Three months ended ‎September 30,				Nine months ended ‎September 30,
		2018		2017		2018		2017
Federal - deferred	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
State and local		4,586		-		11,078		948
	$	4,586	$	-	$	11,078	$	948

Deferred tax assets and liabilities result from temporary differences in the recognition of income and expense for tax and financial reporting purposes. A full valuation allowance has been recorded against the realizability of the net deferred tax assets at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.  The Company has net operating loss carryforwards available for federal and state tax purposes of approximately $4,900,000 which expire in varying amounts through 2037.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Presentation - The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods presented have been included. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2017. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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Common Stock and Stock Options (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity [Table Text Block]

The cumulative status of options granted and outstanding at September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, as well as options which became exercisable in connection with the Company’s stock option plans is summarized as follows:

Employee Stock Options

				Weighted
				Average
	Stock Options			Exercise Price
Outstanding at January 1, 2017		397,671		$	4.39
Exercised		(16,224	)		0.84
Outstanding at December 31, 2017		381,447		$	4.54
Granted		41,719			1.25
Exercised		(1,000	)		0.84
Expired		(5,000	)		3.10
Outstanding at September 30, 2018		417,166		$	4.24
Options exercisable at December 31, 2017		303,829		$	5.03
Options exercisable at September 30, 2018		324,979		$	5.15

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Inventories (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventory, Current [Table Text Block]

Inventories consisted of the following:	September 30,			December 31,
	2018			2017
		(unaudited)
Raw materials	$	1,061,892		$	141,733
Work-in-process		1,117,396			370,318
Finished goods		94,643			161,393
Inventory reserve		(28,240	)		(56,000	)
	$	2,245,691		$	617,444

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

The following is provided to reconcile the earnings per share calculations:

	Three months ended Sept. 30,					Nine months ended Sept. 30,
	2018		2017			2018		2017
Income (loss) applicable
to common shares	$	138,088	$	(31,391	)	$	524,259	$	(14,594	)
Weighted average common
shares outstanding - basic		4,232,214		4,149,537			4,214,573		4,126,478
Effect of dilution		62,000		-			14,370		-
Weighted average
shares outstanding - diluted		4,294,214		4,149,537			4,228,943		4,126,478

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Income Taxes (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block]

Following is the income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30:

	Three months ended ‎September 30,				Nine months ended ‎September 30,
		2018		2017		2018		2017
Federal - deferred	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
State and local		4,586		-		11,078		948
	$	4,586	$	-	$	11,078	$	948

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Details Textual) - Sales Revenue, Net [Member]	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Photonics market [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	71.50%	94.80%	80.10%	95.80%
Top two customers [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage			62.60%	82.30%
International shipments [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage			19.60%	6.50%

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Common Stock and Stock Options (Details) - Employee Stock Options [Member] - $ / shares	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock Options, Outstanding, Beginning Balance	381,447	397,671
Stock Options, Granted	41,719
Stock Options, Exercised	(1,000)	(16,224)
Stock Options, Expired	(5,000)
Stock Options, Outstanding, Ending Balance	417,166	381,447
Stock Options, Options exercisable	324,979	303,829
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning Balance	$ 4.54	$ 4.39
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted	1.25
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised	0.84	0.84
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Expired	3.10
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending Balance	4.24	4.54
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options exercisable	$ 5.15	$ 5.03

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Common Stock and Stock Options (Details Textual) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range, Lower Range Limit (in dollars per share)			$ 0.84
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range, Upper Range Limit (in dollars per share)			$ 6.00
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term			2 years 7 months 6 days
Share-based Compensation	$ 40,491	$ 51,521	$ 83,960	$ 149,052
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized	$ 37,908		$ 37,908
Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range, Outstanding Options, Weighted Average Exercise Price	$ 4.24		$ 4.24
Common Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues (in shares)			52,487	66,609
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues			$ 73,380	$ 58,984

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Preferred Stock (Details Textual) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017
Preferred Stock Dividends, Income Statement Impact		$ 6,038	$ 6,038	$ 18,114	$ 18,114
Series B Preferred Stock [Member]
Payments of Dividends	$ 24,152
Preferred Stock, Dividend Rate, Percentage				10.00%
Accrued Dividends				$ 259,634		$ 265,672

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Inventories (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Inventory [Line Items]
Raw materials	$ 1,061,892	$ 141,733
Work-in-process	1,117,396	370,318
Finished goods	94,643	161,393
Inventory reserve	(28,240)	(56,000)
Inventory, Net	$ 2,245,691	$ 617,444

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Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Income (loss) applicable to common shares	$ 138,088	$ (31,391)	$ 524,259	$ (14,594)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic	4,232,214	4,149,537	4,214,573	4,126,478
Effect of dilution	62,000	0	14,370	0
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	4,294,214	4,149,537	4,228,943	4,126,478

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Notes Payable (Details Textual) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Mar. 20, 2012	Dec. 31, 2010
Ohio Development Services Agency [Member]
Debt Conversion [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Interest Rate During Period	3.00%
Line of Credit Facility, Amount Outstanding	$ 81,889
Servicing Fee Annual Percent Fee	0.25%
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity			$ 744,250
Line of Credit Facility, Final Periodic Payment	$ 10,400
Ohio Development Services Agency [Member] | Line of Credit [Member]
Debt Conversion [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Frequency of Payment and Payment Terms	84 months
Line of Credit Facility, Final Periodic Payment	$ 71,900
Ohio Air Quality Development Authority [Member]
Debt Conversion [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity		$ 368,906	$ 1,400,000
Line of Credit Facility, Final Periodic Payment	$ 50,400

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Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Federal - deferred	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
State and local	4,586	0	11,078	948
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	$ 4,586	$ 0	$ 11,078	$ 948

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Income Taxes (Details Textual)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($)
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Deferred Tax Assets, Operating Loss Carryforwards, State and Local	$ 4,900,000
Operating Loss Carry forward Expiration Year	2037