497 1 d497.htm RUSSELL INVESTMENT FUNDS Russell Investment Funds
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RUSSELL INVESTMENT FUNDS

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington 98402

Telephone (800) 972-0700

In Washington (253) 627-7001

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Funds of Funds

April 30, 2008

As Supplemented August 4, 2008

Russell Investment Funds (“RIF”) is a single legal entity organized as a business trust under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. RIF has 10 investment portfolios, each referred to as a “Fund.” RIF offers Shares of beneficial interest in the Funds in separate prospectuses.

As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information (“Statement”), RIF is comprised of 10 Funds. This Statement describes the Equity Growth Strategy, Growth Strategy, Balanced Strategy, Moderate Strategy and Conservative Strategy Funds (collectively, the “Funds of Funds), each of which invests in different combinations of other funds (the “Underlying Funds”) which invest in different combinations of stocks, bonds and cash equivalents.

 

FUND

  

INCEPTION DATE

  

PROSPECTUS DATE

Equity Growth Strategy

   April 30, 2007    April 30, 2008#

Growth Strategy

   April 30, 2007    April 30, 2008#

Balanced Strategy

   April 30, 2007    April 30, 2008#

Moderate Strategy

   April 30, 2007    April 30, 2008#

Conservative Strategy

   N/A*    April 30, 2008#

 

# As supplemented June 2, 2008.
* The Conservative Strategy Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of the SAI.

The Funds serve as the investment base for a variety of insurance products (the “Policies”) to be issued by one of more insurance companies (each referred to herein as an “Insurance Company”).

This Statement supplements or describes in greater detail information concerning RIF and the Funds contained in the Prospectus of the Funds of Funds dated April 30, 2008. This Statement is not a Prospectus; this Statement should be read in conjunction with the Funds of Funds’ Prospectus, which may be obtained without charge by telephoning or writing RIF at the number or address shown above. You should retain this Statement for future reference.

Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Statement shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Prospectuses.

This Statement incorporates by reference the RIF Underlying Funds’ Annual Reports to Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2007 and the RIC Underlying Funds’ Annual Reports to Shareholders for the year ended October 31, 2007. Copies of the Underlying Funds’ Annual Reports are available free of charge by calling Russell Investment Services at the above number.


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The Underlying Funds in which the Funds of Funds currently invest include shares of other Russell Investment Funds (“RIF”) funds or shares of Russell Investment Company (“RIC”) funds. RIC is a registered investment company that has the same investment adviser as RIF. The Underlying Funds in which the Funds of Funds currently invest commenced operations on the dates indicated below:

 

FUND

  

INCEPTION DATE

RIF Multi-Style Equity Fund

   January 2, 1997

RIC Quantitative Equity Fund

   May 15, 1987

RIF Aggressive Equity Fund

   January 2, 1997

RIF Real Estate Securities Fund

   April 30, 1999

RIC Global Equity Fund

   March 1, 2007

RIF Non-U.S. Fund

   January 2, 1997

RIC Emerging Markets Fund

   January 29, 1993

RIF Core Bond Fund

   January 2, 1997

RIC Short Duration Bond Fund*

   October 30, 1981

 

* On September 15, 2004, the Short Term Bond Fund was renamed the Short Duration Bond Fund.


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RUSSELL INVESTMENT FUNDS

Supplement dated June 2, 2008

TO STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Funds of Funds

DATED April 30, 2008

As Supplemented through August 4, 2008

 

I. UNDERLYING FUND CHANGES

In September, 2008, certain of the Underlying Funds in which the Variable Target Portfolio Funds invest (the “Current Underlying Fund”) will change as set forth below as the result of the reorganization (the “Reorganization”) of the Current Underlying Fund into another Russell Investment Company Fund (the “New Underlying Fund”). Prior to the Reorganization, the New Underlying Fund will change its name as set forth in the table below.

 

Current Underlying Fund

  

Current Name of New Underlying Fund

  

New Name of New Underlying Fund

Quantitative Equity Fund

   Equity Q Fund    Russell U.S. Quantitative Equity Fund

The Global Equity, Short Duration Bond and Emerging Markets Funds will remain Underlying Funds. Each of these Underlying Funds will change its name on September 2, 2008 to include the word “Russell” at the beginning of its name.

On or about September 29, 2008, each Variable Target Portfolio Fund will exchange its investment in the Class S Shares of the Russell U.S. Quantitative Equity, Russell Global Equity, Russell Emerging Markets and Russell Short Duration Bond Funds for Class Y Shares of those Funds.

There will be no material change to the total expense ratio of any Variable Target Portfolio Fund as a result of these changes.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

STRUCTURE AND GOVERNANCE    1

ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS HISTORY

   1

SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS

   1

CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS

   2

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS

   2
OPERATION OF RIF    9

SERVICE PROVIDERS

   9

MONEY MANAGER RESEARCH SERVICES AND TRADE PLACEMENT AGENT.

   9

ADVISER AND ADMINISTRATOR

   9

PORTFOLIO MANAGERS

   13

MONEY MANAGERS

   14

DISTRIBUTOR

   15

CUSTODIAN AND PORTFOLIO ACCOUNTANT

   15

TRANSFER AND DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT

   15

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

   15

CODES OF ETHICS

   15

UNDERLYING FUND EXPENSES

   18

FUND OF FUNDS OPERATING EXPENSES

   18

VALUATION OF THE FUND OF FUNDS SHARES

   18

PRICING OF SECURITIES

   19

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER RATES OF THE FUNDS OF FUNDS

   19

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTION POLICIES AND TURNOVER RATES OF THE UNDERLYING FUNDS

   19

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

   20

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

   21

BROKERAGE ALLOCATIONS

   22

BROKERAGE COMMISSIONS

   23
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS, POLICIES AND PRACTICES OF THE FUNDS OF FUNDS    26

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

   26
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS AND POLICIES OF THE UNDERLYING FUNDS    27
GENERAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES & PORTFOLIO INSTRUMENTS    31
TAXES    54
MONEY MANAGER INFORMATION FOR THE UNDERLYING FUNDS    56
RATINGS OF DEBT INSTRUMENTS    60
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    66


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STRUCTURE AND GOVERNANCE

ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS HISTORY. RIF was originally organized as a Maryland corporation and, on July 11, 1996, was reorganized as a Massachusetts business trust.

RIF is currently organized and operating under a Master Trust Agreement dated July 11, 1996, as amended, and the provisions of Massachusetts law governing the operation of a Massachusetts business trust. The Board of Trustees (“Board” or the “Trustees”) may amend the Master Trust Agreement from time to time; provided, however, that any amendment which would materially and adversely affect shareholders of RIF as a whole, or shareholders of a particular Fund, must be approved by the holders of a majority of the Shares of RIF or the Fund, respectively. However, the Trustees may, without the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting shares (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940) of the Trust or Sub-Trust by a vote of a majority of the Trustees or written instrument executed by a majority of their number then in office, terminate, liquidate or reorganize any Sub-Trust or any Class of any such Sub-Trust at any time by written notice to affected Shareholders. RIF is a registered open-end management investment company. Each of the Funds of Funds is a nondiversified investment company for purposes of the Investment Company act of 1940 as amended (the “1940 Act”) because they invest in the securities of a limited number of issuers (i.e. the Underlying Funds). Each of the Underlying Funds in which the Funds invest is a diversified investment company, except the Real Estate Securities Fund. Under the 1940 Act, a diversified company is defined as a management company which meets the following requirements: at least 75% of the value of its total assets is represented by cash and cash items (including receivables), Government securities, securities of other investment companies, and other securities for the purposes of this calculation limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater in value than five percent of the value of the total assets of such management company and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.

RIF is authorized to issue Shares of beneficial interest, and may divide the Shares into two or more series, each of which evidences a pro rata ownership interest in a different investment portfolio—a “Fund.” Each Fund is deemed to be a separate trust under Massachusetts law. The Trustees may, without seeking shareholder approval, create additional Funds at any time. The Master Trust Agreement provides that shareholders may be required to redeem their Shares at any time (1) if the Trustees determine in their sole discretion that failure to so redeem may have material adverse consequences to the shareholders of RIF or of any Fund or (2) upon such other conditions as may from time to time be determined by the Trustees and set forth in the prospectuses with respect to the maintenance of shareholder accounts of a minimum amount. However, shareholders can only be required to redeem their Shares to the extent consistent with the 1940 Act, the rules thereunder and Securities and Exchange Commission interpretations thereof.

Under the Master Trust Agreement, RIF’s Funds of Funds are authorized to issue Shares of beneficial interest in one or more classes. The Funds of Funds do not presently offer Shares in multiple classes, although they may do so in the future.

Under certain unlikely circumstances, as is the case with any Massachusetts business trust, a shareholder of a Fund of Funds may be held personally liable for the obligations of the Fund. The Master Trust Agreement provides that shareholders shall not be subject to any personal liability for the acts or obligations of a Fund of Funds and that every written agreement, obligation or other undertaking of the Funds of Funds shall contain a provision to the effect that the shareholders are not personally liable thereunder. The Master Trust Agreement also provides that RIF shall, upon request, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation of a Fund of Funds and satisfy any judgment thereon. Thus, the risk of any shareholder incurring financial loss beyond his investment on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which a Fund of Funds itself would be unable to meet its obligations.

Under the terms of an exemptive order received by RIF from the SEC, Shares of a Fund of Funds may be sold to separate accounts of more than one Insurance Company to fund variable life and variable annuity Policies. RIF’s Board of Trustees will monitor events in order to identify any material irreconcilable conflicts which may possibly arise and to determine what action, if any, should be taken in response thereto. An irreconcilable conflict that is not resolved might result in the withdrawal of a substantial amount of assets, causing a negative impact on net asset value.

Frank Russell Company (“FRC”) has the right to grant (and withdraw) the nonexclusive use of the name “Frank Russell,” “Russell” or any variation.

SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS. RIF will not hold annual meetings of shareholders, but special meetings may be held. Special meetings may be convened (i) by the Board, (ii) upon written request to the Board by shareholders holding at least 10% of the outstanding Shares, or (iii) upon the Board’s failure to honor the shareholders’ request described above, by shareholders holding at least 10% of the outstanding Shares by giving notice of the special meeting to shareholders. The Trustees will provide the assistance required by the Investment Company Act of 1940 in connection with any special meeting called by shareholders following a failure of the Board to honor a shareholder request for a special meeting. On any matter which affects only a particular Fund or class, only Shares of that Fund or class are entitled to vote. There are no cumulative voting rights.


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In connection with an exemptive order which RIF received from the SEC, it has committed to a “pass-through” voting procedure which will generally require an Insurance Company to cast votes at RIF meetings as directed by policyholders, and to cast votes for which it has not received voting instructions from policyholders in the same proportion as those for which instructions have been received. Policyholders should review their prospectus for their Policies to determine their rights and responsibilities, and to ascertain when the Insurance Company may disregard voting instructions.

CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS. The Trustees have the authority and responsibility to manage the business of RIF, and hold office unless they retire (or upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 72), resign or are removed by, in substance, a vote of two-thirds of RIF’s Shares outstanding. Insurance Companies that are shareholders of RIF pass through any proxies to be voted to holders of their insurance policies. Under these circumstances, no one person, entity or shareholder “controls” RIF.

At April 11, 2008, the following shareholders owned 5% or more of any Class of any Fund of Funds’ Shares:

Balanced Strategy Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 99.07%, Record.

Equity Growth Strategy Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 99.13%, Record.

Growth Strategy Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 98.01%, Record.

Moderate Strategy Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 98.40%, Record.

At April 11, 2008, the following shareholders could be deemed to “control” the following Funds because such shareholder owns more than 25% of the voting Shares of the indicated Fund. A shareholder who “controls” a Fund has the ability to exert a greater influence over the outcome of any proposals on which it is entitled to vote concerning the Fund than do non-controlling shareholders.

Balanced Strategy Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 99.07%, Record.

Equity Growth Strategy Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 99.13%, Record.

Growth Strategy Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 98.01%, Record.

Moderate Strategy Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 98.40%, Record.

The Trustees and officers of RIF, as a group, own less than 1% of any Class of any Fund of Funds’ Shares.

For information in this regard with respect to the Underlying Funds, refer to the Statement of Additional Information for the Underlying Funds.

TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS. The Board of Trustees is responsible for overseeing generally the operation of the Funds of Funds, including reviewing and approving the Funds of Funds’ contracts with Russell Investment Management Company (“RIMCo”), the Funds of Funds’ adviser, and the money managers. Generally, a Trustee may be removed at any time by a vote of two-thirds of RIF Shares. A vacancy in the Board shall be filled by a vote of a majority of the remaining Trustees so long as after filling such vacancy, two-thirds of the Trustees have been elected by shareholders. There are five Trustees Emeritus.

 

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Trustees Emeritus do not have the power to vote on matters coming before the Board, or to direct the vote of any Trustee, and generally are not responsible or accountable in any way for the performance of the Board’s responsibilities. The officers, all of whom are employed by RIMCo or its affiliates, are responsible for the day-to-day management and administration of the Funds’ operations.

The trustees and officers of the Funds of Funds also serve in similar positions with the Underlying Funds. Thus, if the interests of one of the Funds of Funds and the Underlying Funds were to diverge, it is possible that a conflict of interest could arise. If such conflict arises, the trustees and officers of the affected Funds, respectively, will take all steps they believe reasonable to manage, and where possible, minimize the potential conflict, including possibly by disclosing the conflict to shareholders.

The Board of Trustees has established a standing Audit Committee, a standing Nominating and Governance Committee and a standing Investment Committee.

RIF’s Board of Trustees has adopted and approved a formal written charter for the Audit Committee, which sets forth the Audit Committee’s current responsibilities. The Audit Committee’s primary functions are: (1) oversight of the Funds of Funds’ accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and their internal controls and, as appropriate, the internal controls of certain service providers; (2) oversight of the quality and objectivity of the Funds of Funds’ financial statements and the independent audit thereof; and (3) to act as liaison between the Funds of Funds’ Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and the full Board. The Audit Committee reviews the maintenance of the Funds of Funds’ records and the safekeeping arrangements of RIF’s custodian, reviews both the audit and non-audit work of RIF’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, submits a recommendation to the Board as to the selection of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, and pre-approves (i) all audit and non-audit services to be rendered by the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for RIF, (ii) all audit services provided to RIMCo, or any affiliate thereof that provides ongoing services to RIF, relating to the operations and financial reporting of RIF, and (iii) all non-audit services relating to the operations and financial reporting of RIF, provided to RIMCo, or any affiliate thereof that provides ongoing services to RIF, by any auditors with an ongoing relationship with RIF. It is management’s responsibility to maintain appropriate systems for accounting and internal control and the auditor’s responsibility to plan and carry out a proper audit. Currently, the Audit Committee members consist of Messrs. Raymond P. Tennison, Jr., Daniel P. Connealy, and Jonathan Fine and Ms. Kristianne Blake each of whom is an independent Trustee. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the Audit Committee held five meetings.

RIF’s Board of Trustees has adopted and approved a formal written charter for the Nominating and Governance Committee, which sets forth the Nominating and Governance Committee’s current responsibilities. The primary functions of the Nominating and Governance Committee are to: (1) nominate and evaluate individuals for Trustee membership on the Board, including individuals who are not interested persons of RIF for independent Trustee membership; (2) supervise an annual assessment by the Trustees taking into account such factors as the Committee may deem appropriate; (3) review the composition of the Board; (4) review Independent Trustee compensation; and (5) make nominations for membership on all Board committees and review the responsibilities of each committee. The Committee will not consider nominees recommended by Shareholders of the Funds of Funds. Currently, the Nominating and Governance Committee members consist of Messr. Raymond P. Tennison and Mses. Julie W. Weston and Kristianne Blake, each of whom is an independent Trustee. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the Nominating and Governance Committee held one meeting.

RIF’s Board of Trustees has adopted and approved a formal written charter for the Investment Committee, which sets forth the Investment Committee’s current responsibilities. The Investment Committee: (1) shall regularly review and monitor the investment strategies and investment performance of the Funds of Funds; (2) shall review the kind, scope, and format of, and the time periods covered by, the investment performance data and related reports provided to the Board; (3) may review the investment performance benchmarks and peer groups used in reports delivered to the Board; (4) may review such matters that are related to the investments, investment strategies and investment performance of the Trust’s funds as would be considered by the Board as the Committee may deem to be necessary or appropriate; and (5) may meet with any officer of the Trusts, or officer or other representative of RIMCo, any subadviser to a fund or other service provider to the Trusts. Currently, the Investment Committee members consist of Ms. Julie W. Weston and Messrs. Thaddas L. Alston, Jack R. Thompson and Greg J. Stark. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the Investment Committee held four meetings.

RIF paid in the aggregate $35,481 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to the Trustees who are not officers or employees of RIMCo or its affiliates. Trustees are paid an annual retainer plus meeting attendance and chairperson fees, both at the Board and Committee level, in addition to any travel and other expenses incurred in attending Board and Committee meetings. RIF’s officers and employees are paid by RIMCo or its affiliates.

The following tables provide information for each officer and trustee of the Russell Fund Complex. The Russell Fund Complex consists of RIF, which has 10 funds and Russell Investment Company (“RIC”), which has 44 funds. Each of the trustees is a trustee of both RIF and RIC. The first table provides information for the interested trustee. The second table provides information for the independent trustees. The third table provides information for the trustees emeritus. The fourth table provides information for the officers.

 

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Name, Age, Address

  

Position(s) Held

With Fund and

Length of Time

Served

  

Term of Office*

  

Principal Occupation(s) During

the Past 5 Years

   No. of
Portfolios in
Russell Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
 

Other

Directorships

Held by Trustee

INTERESTED TRUSTEE

#Greg J. Stark

Born May 3, 1968

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

•        President and Chief Executive Officer since 2004

 

•        Trustee since 2007

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

 

•        Until successor is chosen and qualified by Trustees

  

•        President and CEO RIC and RIF

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, RIMCo

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, Russell Fund Services Company (“RFSC”)

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, Russell Financial Services, Inc.

 

•        Chairman of the Board and President, Russell Insurance Agency, Inc. (insurance agency (“RIA”))

 

•        Until 2004, Managing Director, of Individual Investor Services, FRC

 

•        2000 to 2004 Managing Director, Sales and Client Service, RIMCo

   54   None

 

#  Mr. Stark is also an officer and/or director of one or more affiliates of RIC and RIF and is therefore an Interested Trustee.

Name, Age, Address

  

Position(s) Held

With Fund and

Length of Time

Served

  

Term of Office*

  

Principal Occupation(s)
During

the Past 5 Years

   No. of
Portfolios in
Russell Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
 

Other

Directorships

Held by Trustee

INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES

Thaddas L. Alston

Born April 7, 1945

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

   Trustee since 2006    Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified   

•        Senior Vice President, Larco Investments, Ltd. (real estate firm)

   54   None

Kristianne Blake,

Born January 22, 1954

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

  

•        Trustee since 2000

 

•        Chairman since 2005

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

 

•        Annual

  

•        Director and Chairman of the Audit Committee, Avista Corp.

 

•        Trustee, and Chairman of the Operations Committee, Principal Funds and Principal Variable Contracts Funds

 

•        Regent, University of Washington

 

•        President, Kristianne Gates Blake, P.S. (accounting services)

 

•        February 2002 to June 2005, Chairman of the Audit Committee, RIC and RIF

 

•        Trustee and Chairman of the Operations and Distribution Committee, WM Group of Funds, 1999-2006

   54  

•        Director, Avista Corp (electric utilities)

 

•        Trustee, Principal Funds (investment company)

 

•        Trustee, Principal Variable Contracts Funds (investment company)

 

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Name, Age, Address

  

Position(s) Held

With Fund and

Length of Time

Served

  

Term of Office

  

Principal Occupation(s) During

the Past 5 Years

   No. of
Portfolios in
Russell Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
 

Other

Directorships

Held by Trustee

INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES

Daniel P. Connealy

Born June 6, 1946

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

  

•        Trustee since 2003

 

•        Chairman of the Audit Committee since 2005

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

 

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        June 2004 to present, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc.

 

•        2001 – 2003, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Janus Capital Group Inc.

   54   None

Jonathan Fine,

Born July 8, 1954

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

  

•        Trustee since 2004

  

Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        President and Chief Executive Officer, United Way of King County, WA

   54   None

Raymond P. Tennison, Jr. Born December 21, 1955

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

  

•        Trustee since 2000

 

•        Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee since 2007

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

 

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        President, Simpson Investment Company and several additional subsidiary companies, including Simpson Timber Company, Simpson Paper Company and Simpson Tacoma Kraft Company

   54   None

Jack R. Thompson,

Born March 21, 1949

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

  

•        Trustee since 2005

  

Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        September 2003 to present, Independent Board Chair and Chairman of the Audit Committee, Sparx Asia Funds

 

•        September 2007 to present, Director, LifeVantage Corporation (health products company)

 

•        May 1999 to May 2003, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, Berger Financial Group, LLC

 

•        May 1999 to May 2003, President and Trustee, Berger Funds

   54  

•        Director, Sparx Asia Funds (investment company)

 

•        Director, LifeVantage Corporation (health products company)

Julie W. Weston,

Born October 2, 1943

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

  

•        Trustee since 2002

 

•        Chairperson of the Investment Committee since 2006

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

 

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        Retired

   54   None

 

* Each Trustee is subject to mandatory retirement at age 72.

 

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Name, Age, Address

  

Position(s) Held

With Fund and

Length of Time

Served

  

Term of Office

  

Principal Occupation(s) During

the Past 5 Years

   No. of
Portfolios in
Russell Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
 

Other

Directorships

Held by Trustee

TRUSTEES EMERITUS

*George F. Russell, Jr.,

Born July 3, 1932

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

   Trustee Emeritus and Chairman Emeritus since 1999    Until resignation or removal   

•        Director Emeritus, Frank Russell Company (investment consultant to institutional investors (“FRC”)) and RIMCo

 

•        Chairman Emeritus, RIC and RIF; Russell Implementation Services Inc. (broker-dealer and investment adviser (“RIS”)); Russell 20-20 Association (non-profit corporation); and Russell Trust Company (non-depository trust company (“RTC”))

 

•        Chairman, Sunshine Management Services, LLC (investment adviser)

   54   None

Paul E. Anderson,

Born October 15, 1931

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

   Trustee Emeritus since 2007    Five year term   

•        President, Anderson Management Group LLC (private investments consulting)

 

•        Trustee of RIC and RIF until 2006

 

•        February 2002 to June 2005, Lead Trustee, RIC and RIF

 

•        Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee, 2006

   54   None

William E. Baxter,

Born June 8, 1925

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

   Trustee Emeritus since 2004    Five year term   

•        Retired since 1986

 

•        Trustee of RIC and RIF until 2004

   54   None

Lee C. Gingrich,

Born October 6, 1930

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

   Trustee Emeritus since 2006    Five year term   

•        Retired since 1995

 

•        Trustee of RIC and RIF until 2005

 

•        Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee 2001-2005

   54   None

Eleanor W. Palmer,

Born May 5, 1926

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

  

Trustee Emeritus

since 2004

   Five year term   

•        Retired since 1981

 

•        Trustee of RIC and RIF until 2004

   54   None

 

* Mr. Russell is also a director emeritus of one or more affiliates of RIC and RIF.

 

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Name, Age, Address

  

Position(s) Held

With Fund and

Length of Time

Served

  

Term of Office

  

Principal Occupation(s) During the
Past 5 Years

OFFICERS

Cheryl Wichers

Born December 16, 1966

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

   Chief Compliance Officer since 2005    Until removed by Independent Trustees   

•        Chief Compliance Officer, RIC

 

•        Chief Compliance Officer, RIF

 

•        Chief Compliance Officer, RIMCo

 

•        Chief Compliance Officer, RFSC

 

•        April 2002-May 2005, Manager, Global Regulatory Policy

Greg J. Stark,

Born May 3, 1968

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

   President and Chief Executive Officer since 2004    Until successor is chosen and qualified by Trustees   

•        President and CEO, RIC and RIF

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, RIMCo

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, Russell Financial Services, Inc.

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, RFSC

 

•        Chairman of the Board and President, Russell Insurance Agency, Inc. (insurance agency (“RIA”))

 

•        Until 2004, Managing Director of Individual Investor Services, FRC

 

•        2000 to 2004, Managing Director, Sales and Client Service, RIMCo

Mark E. Swanson,

Born November 26, 1963

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

   Treasurer and Chief Accounting Officer since 1998    Until successor is chosen and qualified by Trustees   

•        Treasurer, Chief Accounting Officer and CFO, RIC and RIF

 

•        Director, Funds Administration, RIMCo, RFSC, RTC and Russell Financial Services, Inc.

 

•        Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer, SSgA Funds

Peter Gunning,

Born February 22, 1967

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

   Chief Investment Officer since 2008   

Until removed by

Trustees

  

•        Chief Investment Officer, RIC, RIF

 

•        1996 to 2008 Chief Investment Officer, Russell , Asia Pacific

Gregory J. Lyons,

Born August 24, 1960

 

909 A Street Tacoma, Washington 98402-1616

   Secretary since 2007   

Until successor is chosen and qualified by

Trustees

  

•        Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary, FRC and RIA

 

•        Director and Secretary, RIMCo, RFSC and Russell Financial Services, Inc.

 

•        Secretary and Chief Legal Counsel, RIC and RIF

 

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TRUSTEE COMPENSATION TABLE

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007

 

INTERESTED TRUSTEES

   AGGREGATE
COMPENSATION
FROM RIF
   PENSION OR
RETIREMENT
BENEFITS ACCRUED AS
PART OF RIF EXPENSES
   ESTIMATED ANNUAL
BENEFITS UPON
RETIREMENT
   TOTAL COMPENSATION
FROM RIF AND RUSSELL
FUND COMPLEX
PAID TO TRUSTEES

Greg J. Stark*

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 0    $ 0

INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES

Thaddas L. Alston

   $ 3,507    $ 0    $ 0    $ 98,000

Kristianne Blake

   $ 5,503    $ 0    $ 0    $ 154,000

Daniel P. Connealy

   $ 3,733    $ 0    $ 0    $ 105,000

Jonathan Fine

   $ 3,525    $ 0    $ 0    $ 98,500

Raymond P. Tennison, Jr.

   $ 3,866    $ 0    $ 0    $ 108,000

Jack R. Thompson

   $ 3,520    $ 0    $ 0    $ 98,500

Julie W. Weston

   $ 4,023    $ 0    $ 0    $ 112,500

TRUSTEES EMERITUS

George F. Russell, Jr.

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 0    $ 0

Paul E. Anderson

   $ 1,876    $ 0    $ 0    $ 52,100

Paul Anton, Ph.D.**

   $ 1,482    $ 0    $ 0    $ 41,600

William E. Baxter

   $ 1,482    $ 0    $ 0    $ 41,600

Lee C. Gingrich

   $ 1,482    $ 0    $ 0    $ 41,600

Eleanor W. Palmer

   $ 1,482    $ 0    $ 0    $ 41,600

 

* Mr. Stark was elected to the RIF Board of Trustees effective October 26, 2007.
** Effective December 31, 2007, Dr. Anton’s term as Trustee Emeritus expired.

EQUITY SECURITIES BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY TRUSTEES

FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007

 

INTERESTED TRUSTEES

  

DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY

SECURITIES IN EACH FUND

  

AGGREGATE DOLLAR RANGE OF

EQUITY SECURITIES IN ALL

REGISTERED INVESTMENT

COMPANIES OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEES

IN RUSSELL FUND COMPLEX

Greg J. Stark*

   None    Over $100,000

INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES

Thaddas L. Alston

   None    Over $100,000

Kristianne Blake

   None    Over $100,000

Daniel P. Connealy

   None    Over $100,000

Jonathan Fine

   None    Over $100,000

Raymond P. Tennison, Jr.

   None    Over $100,000

Jack R. Thompson

   None    Over $100,000

Julie W. Weston

   None    Over $100,000

TRUSTEES EMERITUS

George F. Russell, Jr.

   None    None

Paul E. Anderson

   None    Over $100,000

Paul Anton, Ph.D.**

   None    Over $100,000

William E. Baxter

   None    $1,000-$10,000

Lee C. Gingrich

   None    Over $100,000

Eleanor W. Palmer

   None    None

 

* Mr. Stark was elected to the RIF Board of Trustees effective October 26, 2007.
** Effective December 31, 2007, Dr. Anton’s term as Trustee Emeritus expired.

 

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OPERATION OF RIF

SERVICE PROVIDERS. Most of RIF’s necessary day-to-day operations are performed by separate business organizations under contract to RIF. The principal service providers are:

 

Money Manager Research Services and Trade Placement Agent   Frank Russell Company
Adviser   Russell Investment Management Company
Administrator and Transfer and Dividend Disbursing Agent   Russell Fund Services Company (“RFSC”)
Money Managers for the Underlying Funds   Multiple professional discretionary investment management organizations
Custodian and Portfolio Accountant   State Street Bank and Trust Company
Distributor   Russell Financial Services, Inc.

MONEY MANAGER RESEARCH SERVICES AND TRADE PLACEMENT AGENT. FRC, the corporate parent of RIMCo, was responsible for organizing and reorganizing RIF and provides ongoing money manager research and trade placement services, to RIF and RIMCo, as described in the Prospectuses. Neither RIF nor RIMCo pays FRC an annual fee for its services.

FRC is a diversified financial services company that provides a variety of financial services and products to and through unincorporated divisions and wholly-owned subsidiaries.

As affiliates, FRC and RIMCo may establish certain intercompany cost allocations that reflect the services supplied to RIMCo. George F. Russell, Jr., Trustee Emeritus and Chairman Emeritus of RIC and RIF, is the Chairman Emeritus of FRC. RIMCo is a wholly owned subsidiary of FRC.

FRC is a subsidiary of The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company (“Northwestern Mutual”). Founded in 1857, Northwestern Mutual is a mutual insurance company organized under the laws of Wisconsin. Northwestern Mutual, its subsidiaries and affiliates offer insurance and investment products and advisory services that address client needs for financial protection, capital accumulation, and estate preservation and distribution. Products and services for the personal, business, estate and pension markets include permanent and term life insurance, disability income insurance, long-term care insurance, annuities, trust services and mutual funds.

ADVISER AND ADMINISTRATOR. RIMCo provides or oversees the provision of all investment advisory and portfolio management services for the Funds of Funds and the Underlying Funds, including developing the investment program for each Fund of Funds and Underlying Fund. RFSC, with the assistance of RIMCo and FRC, provides the Funds of Funds with office space, equipment and the personnel necessary to operate and administer the Funds of Funds’ business and to supervise the provision of services by certain third parties, such as the custodian.

Until January 1, 2008, the Funds and Underlying Funds paid RIMCo a single management fee for advisory and administrative services. Beginning on January 1, 2008, the Funds and RIF Underlying Funds began paying an advisory fee to RIMCo and an administrative fee to RFSC. There was no change in the services provided to the Funds and RIF Underlying Funds or in aggregate fees paid by the Funds and RIF Underlying Funds for advisory and administrative services.

Because RIMCo’s profitability on the Underlying Funds varies from fund to fund, in determining the allocation of each Fund of Funds among the Underlying Funds, RIMCo may have a conflict of interest. It is the policy of RIMCo to manage each Fund of Funds and Underlying Fund in the best interests of its shareholders. To this end, RIMCo requires that an investment recommendation by a portfolio manager be reviewed and approved by Russell’s Investment Strategy Committee based on the recommendation’s investment merits.

RIMCo allocates most of each Underlying Fund’s assets to multiple money managers. RIMCo exercises investment discretion over the portion of each Underlying Fund’s assets that RIMCo determines not to allocate to the money managers and for each Underlying Fund’s cash reserves by selecting the individual portfolio securities for those portions of assets. RIMCo may also directly manage portions of an Underlying Fund during transitions between money managers.

 

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RIMCo selects, subject to the approval of the Underlying Funds’ Board, money managers for the Underlying Funds, allocates Underlying Fund assets among the money managers, oversees the money managers and evaluates the performance results. All assets of the Funds of Funds are allocated to Underlying Funds. The Underlying Funds’ money managers select the individual portfolio securities for the assets of the Underlying Funds assigned to them. RIMCo, as agent for RIF, pays the money managers’ fees for the Underlying Funds, as a fiduciary for the Underlying Funds, out of the advisory fee paid by the Underlying Funds to RIMCo. The remainder of the advisory fee is retained by RIMCo as compensation for the services described above and to pay expenses.

Each of the Funds of Funds pays an advisory fee directly to RIMCo and an administrative fee directly to RFSC, billed monthly on a pro rata basis and calculated as a specified percentage of the average daily net assets of each of the Funds of Funds. Since no shares of Funds of Funds were issued during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 the Funds of Funds did not pay RIMCo any advisory fees for those periods.

The following Funds of Funds paid RIMCo the following management fees (gross of reimbursement and/or waivers) for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007:

 

Funds of Funds

   12/31/07

Equity Growth Strategy

   $ 10,412

Growth Strategy

     21,192

Balanced Strategy

     27,948

Moderate Strategy

     6,077

Conservative Strategy*

     N/A

 

* Since no shares of Conservative Strategy Fund were issued during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, that Fund of Funds did not pay RIMCo any advisory fees for those periods.

While RIMCo will perform investment advisory services for the Funds of Funds (i.e., determining the percentages of the Underlying Funds which will be purchased by each Fund of Funds, and periodically adjusting the percentages and the Underlying Funds), RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive its 0.20% advisory fee for each Fund, through April 29, 2009, for the Funds of Funds. Additionally, RFSC has contractually agreed to reimburse each Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers that still exceed their respective expense caps. These arrangements are not part of the Advisory or Administrative Agreements with RIF and may be changed or discontinued.

Each of the Funds of Funds will indirectly bear their proportionate share of the advisory fee or administrative fee paid by the Underlying Funds to RIMCo and RSFC, respectively.

The RIF Underlying Funds in which the Funds of Funds currently invest paid RIMCo the following management fees (gross of reimbursements and/or waivers) for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively:

 

Fund

   $Amount Paid    Annual rate
(as a % of average daily net assets)
 
   2007    2006    2005    2007     2006     2005  

RIF Multi-Style Equity

   $ 3,564,736    $ 2,956,187    $ 2,628,640    0.78 %   0.78 %   0.78 %

RIF Aggressive Equity

     2,228,446      2,120,679      1,853,606    0.95     0.95     0.95  

RIF Non-U.S.

     3,893,891      3,249,942      2,592,881    0.95     0.95     0.95  

RIF Real Estate Securities

     5,084,058      4,496,850      3,485,812    0.85     0.85     0.85  

RIF Core Bond

     1,805,318      1,430,934      1,185,677    0.60     0.60     0.60  

 

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The RIC Underlying Funds in which the Funds of Funds currently invest paid RIMCo the following advisory fees (gross of reimbursements and/or waivers) for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively:

 

Fund

   $Amount Paid    Annual rate
(as a % of average daily net assets)
 
   2007    2006    2005    2007     2006     2005  

RIC Quantitative Equity

   $ 31,168,885    $ 24,355,453    $ 18,600,421    0.72 %   0.73 %   0.73 %

RIC Global Equity*

     6,154,145      N/A      N/A    0.95     N/A     N/A  

RIC Emerging Markets

     16,650,986      11,961,392      8,499,025    1.15     1.15     1.15  

RIC Short Duration Bond

     3,241,444      5,172,197      5,437,276    0.45     0.45     0.45  

 

* Since no shares of the Global Equity Fund were issued during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2006 and October 31, 2005, that Underlying Fund did not pay RIMCo any advisory fees for those periods.

RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its advisory fees for the RIF Underlying Funds, and RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its advisory fees for certain RIC Underlying Funds. This arrangement is not part of the Advisory Agreement with RIF or the Advisory Agreement with RIC and may be changed or discontinued. RIMCo currently calculates its advisory fee based on a Fund’s average daily net assets.

The following paragraphs list the current waivers and those that were in effect for the Underlying Funds during the last three fiscal years.

Current Waivers:

Beginning January 1, 2008, for the Multi-Style Equity Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, at least until April 29, 2009, a portion of its 0.73% advisory fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceed 0.87% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceed 0.87% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

Beginning January 1, 2008, for the Aggressive Equity Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, at least until April 29, 2009, a portion of its 0.90% advisory fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceed 1.05% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceed 1.05% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

Beginning January 1, 2008, for the Non-U.S. Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, at least until April 29, 2009, a portion of its 0.90% advisory fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceed 1.15% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceed 1.15% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

Beginning January 1, 2008, for the Real Estate Securities Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, at least until April 29, 2009, a portion of its 0.80% advisory fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceed 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceed 1.10% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

Beginning January 1, 2008, for the Core Bond Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, at least until April 29, 2009, a portion of its 0.55% advisory fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceed 0.70% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceed 0.70% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

 

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Past Waivers:

For the Multi-Style Equity Fund, RIMCo contractually agreed to waive through December 31, 2007, a portion of its 0.78% management fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceeded 0.87% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceeded 0.87% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund. As a result of the waivers and/or reimbursements, the Fund paid management fees of $2,616,669, $2,930,206 and $3,548,025 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

For the Aggressive Equity Fund, RIMCo contractually agreed to waive through December 31, 2007, a portion of its 0.95% management fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceeded 1.05% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceeded 1.05% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund. As a result of the waivers and/or reimbursements, the Fund paid management fees of $1,702,535, $1,965,034 and $2,040,251 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

For the Non-U.S. Fund, RIMCo contractually agreed to waive through December 31, 2007, a portion of its 0.95% management fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceeded 1.15% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceeded 1.15% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund. As a result of the waivers and/or reimbursements, the Fund paid management fees of $2,304,034, $3,020,421 and $3,775,174 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

For the Real Estate Securities Fund, RIMCo contractually agreed to waive through December 31, 2007, a portion of its 0.85% management fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceeded 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceeded 1.10% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund. As a result of the waivers and/or reimbursements, the Fund paid management fees of $3,485,812, $4,488,898 and $5,084,058 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

For the Core Bond Fund, RIMCo contractually agreed to waive through December 31, 2007, a portion of its 0.60% management fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceeded 0.70% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceeded 0.70% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund. As a result of the waivers and/or reimbursements, the Fund paid management fees of $1,147,983, $1,369,209 and $1,609,264 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

For the Short Duration Bond Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, from March 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007, up to the full amount of its 0.50% combined advisory and administrative fees and then to reimburse the Fund for other direct Fund-level expenses to the extent that direct Fund-level expenses exceed 0.75% of the average daily net assets of that Fund on an annual basis. From January 1, 2008 through at least February 29, 2008, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive up to the full amount of its 0.45% advisory fee and then to reimburse the Fund for other direct Fund-level expenses to the extent that direct Fund-level expenses exceed 0.75% of the average daily net assets of that Fund on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level expenses for the Fund do not include 12b-1 fees, shareholder services fees or the expenses of other investment companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

From its fee, RIMCo, as agent for RIF, pays all fees to the money managers of the Underlying Funds for their investment selection services. The tables in the section entitled “Money Managers” set forth the fees paid to money managers of the Underlying Funds. The following tables set forth the net management fees retained by RIMCo with respect to the Underlying Funds for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively:

 

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Underlying Fund

   $Amount Paid    Annual rate
(as a % of average daily net assets)
 
   2007    2006    2005    2007     2006     2005  

RIF Multi-StyleEquity

   $ 2,497,788    $ 2,091,536    $ 1,901,986    0.55 %   0.55 %   0.56 %

RIF Aggressive Equity

     1,239,433      1,165,524      1,023,327    0.53     0.52     0.52  

RIF Non-U.S.

     2,683,370      2,220,315      1,791,141    0.65     0.65     0.66  

RIF Real Estate Securities

     3,675,972      3,281,310      2,516,985    0.61     0.62     0.61  

RIF Core Bond

     1,470,197      1,156,916      971,474    0.49     0.48     0.49  
From its advisory fees, RIMCo, as agent for RIC, pays all fees to the money managers for their investment selection services. The table in the next section entitled “Money Managers” sets forth the fees paid to money managers. The following table sets forth the net advisory fees retained by RIMCo for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively:    

Fund

   $Amount Paid    Annual rate
(as a % of average daily net assets)
 
   2007    2006    2005    2007     2006     2005  

RIC Quantitative Equity

   $ 25,161,573    $ 20,034,195    $ 15,063,701    0.58 %   0.60 %   0.59 %

RIC Global Equity*

     3,859,218      N/A      N/A    0.60     N/A     N/A  

RIC Emerging Markets

     9,446,177      6,976,508      4,812,407    0.65     0.67     0.65  

RIC Short Duration Bond

     2,242,228      3,678,839      3,882,962    0.31     0.32     0.32  

 

* Since no shares of the Global Equity Fund were issued during the fiscal years ending October 31, 2006 and October 31, 2005, no advisory fees were paid to money managers for those periods.

RIMCo is a wholly owned subsidiary of FRC, a subsidiary of The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company. RIMCo’s mailing address is 909 A Street, Tacoma, WA 98402.

PORTFOLIO MANAGERS. The RIMCo Managers (RIMCo’s employees who manage the Funds of Funds and Underlying Funds, oversee the money managers of the Underlying Funds and have primary responsibility for the management of the Funds of Funds and Underlying Funds) are compensated by RIMCo with salaries, bonuses (paid in cash), profit sharing contributions and a long-term incentive plan. Salaries are fixed annually and are driven by the market place. Bonuses for the RIMCo Managers of the Funds of Funds are based on their management of the Fund of Funds consistent with the Fund of Fund’s’ objectives. The RIMCo Managers for the Funds of Funds are evaluated on an ongoing basis with respect to achieving each Fund of Funds’ objectives and guidelines, identifying and implementing allocation changes when necessary, and liaising between business units and fund performance groups to help insure that reports reflect market needs. RIMCo manager evaluations are conducted by asset class directors. Salary and bonus recommendations of the asset class directors are reviewed by the regional chief investment officers. Russell’s compensation committee approves salaries and bonuses after the regional chief investment officers’ recommendations have been reviewed by the Chief Investment Officer.

Profit sharing contributions are made quarterly and are calculated as a percentage of the RIMCo Manager’s salary. The percentage is fixed and is the same percentage for all RIMCo employees who receive profit sharing contributions.

The long-term incentive plan provides key professionals with future cash payments the value of which is tied to FRC’s financial performance. Awards under the long-term incentive plan are based on perceived expected future contribution to the success of FRC. The assessment of expected future contribution is qualitative in nature and is determined by a RIMCo Manager’s manager and approved by senior executives.

RIMCo Managers earning over a specified amount of cash compensation (salary plus bonus) are eligible to participate in the deferred compensation plan which allows the RIMCo Manager to elect to defer a portion of her/his cash compensation. Deferred amounts earn the return of an asset allocated mix of funds of Russell Investment Funds selected by the RIMCo Manager.

 

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Equity Securities Beneficially Owned By RIMCo Managers In The Funds Of Funds

They Manage For The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007

 

RIMCO MANAGERS OF THE

FUNDS OF FUNDS

   DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY
SECURITIES IN THE FUND OF FUNDS MANAGED
BY THE RIMCO MANAGER

Jill Johnson

   None    Equity Growth Strategy
   None    Growth Strategy
   None    Balanced Strategy
   None    Moderate Strategy
   None    Conservative Strategy*

 

* No shares of the Conservative Strategy Fund were issued for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.

RIMCo Managers typically manage multiple portfolios. These portfolios may include mutual funds, separate accounts and commingled trusts. Russell’s investment process, which includes money manager selection and allocation, is guided by the principal that all portfolios will be treated in a fair and equitable manner. To adhere to this guiding principal, RIMCo Managers follow a process of constructing portfolios in accordance with regulatory and investment guidelines and then select money managers to fulfill those needs. Specifically, RIMCo Managers make money manager selection and allocation decisions for each portfolio based on a variety of factors relevant to that portfolio. The investment process dictates that RIMCo Managers utilize Russell’s manager research analysis and manager rankings to assist in selecting the most suitable money manager(s) to meet the unique investment needs of the various portfolios they manage.

At the core of Russell’s investment process is a robust oversight and peer review program for money manager selection. It includes the hiring, termination and retention of money managers. This process is overseen by Russell’s Investment Strategy Committee (ISC) and the Asset Class Directors who are responsible for monitoring the portfolio management duties performed within their specific asset class.

Occasionally, a particular money manager may restrict the total amount of capacity they will allocate to Russell portfolios. If, however, the total allocation is too small to be shared in a meaningful size across all Russell portfolios or if the money manager restricts the absolute number of assignments they will accept from Russell, it is the RIMCo Manager’s responsibility to determine which portfolios receive the allocation. These allocations are reviewed and approved by the ISC before implementation. In cases where a RIMCo Manager is managing multiple portfolios and must allocate a manager differently across his funds, both the Asset Class Director and the ISC must review and ratify the recommendations.

Other Accounts Managed By RIMCo Managers and Assets Under Management In The Accounts As Of

December 31, 2007

 

RIMCo

Manager

   Number of
Registered
Investment
Companies
   Assets
Under
Management
(in millions)
   Number of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
   Assets
Under
Management
(in millions)
   Other
Types of
Accounts
   Assets
Under
Management
(in millions)
   Asset Total
(in millions)
Jill Johnson    11    $ 14355.0    0    $ 0    0    $ 0    $ 14,355.0

Further information on the RIMCo Managers of the Underlying Funds is available in the Underlying Funds’ Statement of Additional Information.

MONEY MANAGERS. The money managers of the Underlying Funds are not affiliates of RIF or RIMCo other than as discretionary managers for a portion of an Underlying Fund’s portfolio. Some money managers (and their affiliates) may effect brokerage transactions for the Underlying Funds (see, “Brokerage Allocations” and “Brokerage Commissions”). Money managers may serve as advisers or discretionary managers for Russell Trust Company, other investment vehicles sponsored or advised by FRC or its affiliates, other consulting clients of FRC, other off-shore vehicles and/or for accounts which have no business relationship with the FRC organization.

From its advisory fees received from the Underlying Funds, RIMCo, as agent for RIF, pays all fees to the money managers for their investment selection services. Quarterly, each money manager is paid the pro rata portion of an annual fee, based on the average for the quarter of all the assets allocated to the money manager. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 fees paid to the money managers of the Underlying Funds were:

 

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Fund

   $Amount Paid    Annual rate
(as a % of average daily net assets)
 
   2007    2006    2005    2007     2006     2005  

RIF Multi-Style Equity

   $ 1,066,948    $ 864,651    $ 726,654    0.23 %   0.23 %   0.22 %

RIF Aggressive Equity

     989,013      955,155      830,279    0.42     0.43     0.43  

RIF Non-U.S.

     1,210,521      1,029,627      801,740    0.30     0.30     0.29  

RIF Real Estate Securities

     1,408,086      1,215,540      968,827    0.24     0.23     0.24  

RIF Core Bond

     335,121      274,018      214,203    0.11     0.12     0.11  
From its advisory fees received from the Underlying Funds, RIMCo, as agent for RIC, pays all fees to the money managers for their investment selection services. Quarterly, each money manager is paid the pro rata portion of an annual fee, based on the average for the quarter of all the assets allocated to the money manager. For the fiscal years ended October 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 , advisory fees paid to the money managers of the Underlying Funds were:     

Fund

   $Amount Paid    Annual rate
(as a % of average daily net assets)
 
   2007    2006    2005    2007     2006     2005  

RIC Quantitative Equity

   $ 6,007,312    $ 4,321,258    $ 3,536,720    0.14 %   0.13 %   0.14 %

RIC Global Equity*

     2,294,927      N/A      N/A    0.35     N/A     N/A  

RIC Emerging Markets

     7,204,809      4,984,884      3,686,618    0.50     0.48     0.50  

RIC Short Duration Bond

     999,216      1,493,358      1,554,314    0.14     0.13     0.13  

 

* Since no shares of the Global Equity Fund were issued during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2006, and 2005, the Fund did not pay any management fees to the money managers for those periods.

Each money manager has agreed that it will look only to RIMCo for the payment of the money manager’s fee, after RIF and RIC have each paid RIMCo. Fees paid to the money managers are not affected by any voluntary or statutory expense limitations. Some money managers may benefit as a result of brokerage commissions received by their broker-dealer affiliates that execute portfolio transactions for the Funds.

DISTRIBUTOR. Russell Financial Services, Inc. (the “Distributor”) serves as the distributor of RIF Shares. The Distributor receives no compensation from RIF for its services. The Distributor distributes shares of the Funds of Funds continuously, but reserves the right to suspend or discontinue distribution on that basis. The Distributor is not obligated to sell any specific amount of Fund of Funds shares. The Distributor is a wholly owned subsidiary of RIMCo and its mailing address is 909 A Street, Tacoma, WA 98402.

CUSTODIAN AND PORTFOLIO ACCOUNTANT. State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) serves as the custodian for RIF. As custodian, State Street is responsible for the safekeeping of the Funds’ and Underlying Funds’ assets and the appointment of any subcustodian banks and clearing agencies. State Street also provides basic portfolio recordkeeping required for each of the Underlying Funds for regulatory and financial reporting purposes. The mailing address for State Street Bank and Trust Company is: Josiah Quincy Building, 200 Newport Avenue, North Quincy, MA, 02171

TRANSFER AND DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT. RFSC serves as transfer and dividend disbursing agent for RIF and RIC. For this service, RFSC is paid a fee for transfer agency and dividend disbursing services provided to RIF and RIC. RFSC retains a portion of this fee for its services provided to RIF and RIC and pays the balance to unaffiliated agents who assist in providing these services. RFSC’s mailing address is 909 A Street, Tacoma, WA 98402.

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP serves as the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm of RIF and RIC. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is responsible for performing annual audits of the financial statements and financial highlights of the Funds in accordance with the auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and a review of federal tax returns. The mailing address of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is 1420 Fifth Avenue, Suite 1900, Seattle, WA 98101.

CODES OF ETHICS. RIF, RIMCo and the Distributor have each adopted a Code of Ethics as required under SEC Rule 17j-1. These Codes permit personnel subject to the Codes to invest in securities, which may include securities in which the Underlying

 

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Funds can invest. Personal investments are subject to the regulatory and disclosure provisions of the respective Codes. In addition, each Money Manager has adopted a Code of Ethics under Rule 17j-1. The table below indicates whether each Money Manager’s Code of Ethics permits personnel covered by the Code of Ethics to invest in securities and, where appropriate, to invest in securities in which an Underlying Fund advised by that Money Manager may invest.

 

MONEY MANAGER

  

Personal investing

allowed?

  

Are investments in securities

owned by the advised sub-trust allowed?

  

Does the code contain

all of the required

Rule 17j-1 provisions?

AEW Management and Advisors, L.P.    Yes    No    Yes
AllianceBernstein L.P.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Altrinsic Global Advisors, LLC    Yes    No    Yes
AQR Capital Management, LLC    Yes    Yes, unless the securities are on a restricted list    Yes
Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder Advisers, LLC    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Aronson + Johnson + Ortiz, LP    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Arrowstreet Capital, Limited Partnership    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
ClariVest Asset Management LLC    Yes    No    Yes
Cohen & Steers Capital Management, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Columbus Circle Investors    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
DePrince, Race & Zollo, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Franklin Portfolio Associates, LLC    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Gartmore Global Partners    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Genesis Asset Managers, LLP    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Gould Investment Partners LLC    Yes    Yes    Yes
Harding, Loevner Management, L.P.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Harris Associates, L.P.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Heitman Real Estate Securities LLC    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Institutional Capital LLC    Yes    No    Yes
INVESCO Institutional (N.A.), Inc., through its INVESCO Real Estate Division    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Jacobs Levy Equity Management, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Logan Circle Partners, L.P.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes

 

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MONEY MANAGER

  

Personal investing

allowed?

  

Are investments in securities

owned by the advised sub-trust allowed?

  

Does the code contain

all of the required

Rule 17j-1 provisions?

Metropolitan West Asset Management, LLC    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
MFS Institutional Advisors, Inc.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Montag & Caldwell, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities on a restricted stock list    Yes
Pacific Investment Management Company LLC    Yes, but must use a registered broker for transactions in publicly traded securities    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
PanAgora Asset Management, Inc.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Ranger Investment Management, L.P.    Severely restricts personal trading except for certain specific transactions such as the purchase of mutual fund shares, commercial paper, etc., and sell orders, all subject to approval by the CCO    Yes    Yes
RREEF America L.L.C.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Russell Investment Management Company    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Signia Capital Management, LLC    Severely restricts personal trading, except for managed fee based accounts with full discretion and certain specific transactions such as the purchase or sale of shares of mutual funds, closed end funds, ETFs and index funds    Yes    Yes
STW Fixed Income Management Ltd.    Yes    Yes    Yes
Suffolk Capital Management, LLC    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders or in securities of which 10% or more are held in portfolios managed by Suffolk    Yes
Tradewinds Global Investors, LLC    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
T. Rowe Price International, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Turner Investment Partners, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities in which the adviser has a long or short position and subject to blackout periods    Yes
Tygh Capital Management, Inc.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes

 

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MONEY MANAGER

  

Personal investing

allowed?

  

Are investments in securities

owned by the advised sub-trust allowed?

  

Does the code contain

all of the required

Rule 17j-1 provisions?

UBS Global Asset Management (Americas) Inc.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Wellington Management Company, LLP    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes

UNDERLYING FUND EXPENSES. The Underlying Funds will pay all their expenses other than those expressly assumed by RIMCo. The principal expense of the Underlying Funds is the annual advisory fee and the annual administrative fee payable to RIMCo and RFSC, respectively. The Underlying Funds’ other expenses include: fees for independent accountants, legal, transfer agent, registrar, custodian, dividend disbursement, portfolio and shareholder recordkeeping services, and maintenance of tax records; state taxes; brokerage fees and commissions; insurance premiums; association membership dues; fees for filing of reports and registering Shares with regulatory bodies; and such extraordinary expenses as may arise, such as federal taxes and expenses incurred in connection with litigation proceedings and claims and the legal obligations of RIF or RIC to indemnify the Trustees, officers, employees, shareholders, distributors and agents with respect thereto. Whenever an expense can be attributed to a particular Underlying Fund, the expense is charged to that Underlying Fund. Other common expenses are allocated among the Underlying Funds based primarily upon their relative net assets.

As of the date of this Statement, RIMCo and RFSC have contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse all or a portion of their advisory and administrative fees with respect to certain Underlying Funds.

FUND OF FUNDS OPERATING EXPENSES. The Funds of Funds will pay all their expenses other than those expressly assumed by RIMCo. The principal expense of the Funds of Funds is the annual advisory fee and administrative fee payable to RIMCo and RFSC, respectively. The Funds of Funds’ other expenses include: fees for independent accountants, legal, transfer agent, registrar, custodian, dividend disbursement, portfolio and shareholder recordkeeping services, and maintenance of tax records; state taxes; brokerage fees and commissions; insurance premiums; association membership dues; fees for filing of reports and registering Shares with regulatory bodies; and such extraordinary expenses as may arise, such as federal taxes and expenses incurred in connection with litigation proceedings and claims and the legal obligations of RIF to indemnify the Trustees, officers, employees, shareholders, distributors and agents with respect thereto. Whenever an expense can be attributed to a particular Fund of Fund, the expense is charged to that Fund of Fund. Other common expenses are allocated among the Funds of Funds based primarily upon their relative net assets. Additionally, each Fund of Funds, as a shareholder of the Underlying Funds, also indirectly bears its pro rata share of the advisory fees charged to, and expenses of operating, the Underlying Funds in which it invests.

As of the date of this Statement, RIMCo and RFSC have contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse until April 29, 2009 all or a portion of their advisory and administrative fees, respectively, with respect to certain Funds.

VALUATION OF THE FUND OF FUNDS SHARES. The net asset value per share is calculated separately for each Fund of Funds on each business day on which Shares are offered or orders to redeem are tendered. A business day is one on which the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open for regular trading. Currently, the NYSE is open for trading every weekday, except New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.

Net asset value per share is computed for each Fund of Funds by dividing the current value of the Fund of Fund’s assets less liabilities by the number of Shares of the Fund outstanding and rounding to the nearest cent.

 

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PRICING OF SECURITIES. The Shares of the RIF and RIC Underlying Funds held by each Fund of Funds are valued at their net asset value. The net asset value of the RIF and RIC Underlying Funds is computed for each Underlying Fund by dividing the current value of the Underlying Fund’s assets less liabilities by the number of Shares of the Underlying Fund outstanding and rounding to the nearest cent. The RIC Emerging Markets and Global Equity Funds and the RIF Non-U.S. Fund may value certain securities for which market quotations are not readily available at “fair value,” as determined in good faith pursuant to procedures established by the Board of Trustees and delegated to RFSC to administer. Market quotations for non-U.S. securities, either individually or collectively, may not be considered to be readily available if a significant event, including but not limited to an increase or decrease in U.S. market indices meeting standards of significance specified in the procedures established by the Board (which standards of significance are subject to change), occurs after the close of the non-U.S. markets on which such securities are traded. If you hold Shares in a Fund of Funds that invests in these Underlying Funds which hold portfolio securities listed primarily on non-U.S. exchanges, the net asset value of that Fund of Funds’ Shares may change on a day when you will not be able to purchase or redeem that Fund of Funds’ Shares. This is because the value of those Underlying Funds’ portfolio securities may change on weekends or other days when the Fund of Funds does not price its Shares.

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER RATES OF THE FUNDS OF FUNDS. The portfolio turnover rate for each Fund of Funds is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of Underlying Fund Shares for the particular year, by the monthly average value of the Underlying Fund Shares owned by the Funds of Funds during the year. The Funds of Funds will purchase or sell Underlying Fund Shares to: (i) accommodate purchases and sales of each Fund of Funds’ Shares; (ii) change the percentages of each Fund of Funds’ assets invested in each of the Underlying Funds in response to market conditions; and (iii) maintain or modify the allocation of each Fund of Funds’ assets among the Underlying Funds generally within the percentage limits described in the Prospectus.

The portfolio turnover rates for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 were:

 

Funds of Funds

   12/31/07     12/31/06*

Equity Growth Strategy

   5.68 %   N/A

Growth Strategy

   2.72     N/A

Balanced Strategy

   10.88     N/A

Moderate Strategy

   24.20     N/A

Conservative Strategy**

   N/A     N/A

 

* No Shares of the Funds of Funds were issued during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
* No Shares of the Conservative Strategy Fund were issued during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTION POLICIES AND TURNOVER RATES OF THE UNDERLYING FUNDS. Decisions to buy and sell securities for the Underlying Funds are made by the money managers for the assets assigned to them, and by RIMCo or the money manager for the Underlying Funds’ cash reserves. The Underlying Funds do not give significant weight to attempting to realize long-term, rather than short-term, capital gains while making portfolio investment decisions. The portfolio turnover rates for certain multi-manager Underlying Funds are likely to be somewhat higher than the rates for comparable mutual funds with a single money manager. The money managers make decisions to buy or sell securities independently from other money managers. Thus, one money manager could decide to sell a security when another money manager for the same Underlying Fund (or for another series of RIC or RIF) decides to purchase the same security. In addition, when a money manager’s services are terminated and another retained, the new manager may significantly restructure the portfolio. These practices may increase the Underlying Funds’ portfolio turnover rates, realization of gains or losses, brokerage commissions and other transaction based costs. Variations in the portfolio turnover rate for the Core Bond Fund are also the result of certain securities reaching their scheduled maturity in 2007 and investments in derivatives.

The portfolio turnover rates for the last two fiscal years for each Fund were:

 

     Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2007
    Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2006
 

RIF Multi-Style Equity

   135.80 %   128.33 %

RIF Aggressive Equity

   179.82     183.55  

RIF Non-U.S.

   106.21     110.77  

RIF Real Estate Securities

   76.84     52.63  

RIF Core Bond

   964.78     452.50  

 

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Fiscal Year Ended

October 31, 2007

   

Fiscal Year Ended

October 31, 2006

 

RIC Quantitative Equity

   100.78 %   104.52 %

RIC Global Equity*

   62.05     N/A  

RIC Emerging Markets

   66.66     68.52  

RIC Short Duration Bond

   172.85     111.57  

 

* Since no shares of the Global Equity Fund were issued during the fiscal year ending October 31, 2006 there are not turnover rates for that Underlying Fund for that period.

A high portfolio turnover rate generally will result in higher brokerage transaction costs and may result in higher levels of realized capital gains or losses with respect to an Underlying Fund’s portfolio securities (see “Taxes”).

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS. The Funds of Funds maintain portfolio holdings disclosure policies that govern the timing and circumstances of disclosure to shareholders and third parties of information regarding the portfolio investments held by a Fund of Funds. These portfolio holdings disclosure policies have been approved by the Board of Trustees. Disclosures of portfolio holdings information may only be made pursuant to these Board-approved policies and procedures.

Disclosure of a Fund of Funds portfolio holdings may only occur if such disclosure is consistent with the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws and the fiduciary duties of the Fund of Funds and its adviser. Disclosure is permissible only when a Fund of Funds, as determined by the Board of Trustees or Chief Compliance Officer, has legitimate business purposes for such disclosure and the recipients are subject to a written confidentiality agreement, which includes a duty not to trade on non-public information.

Public Disclosures of Portfolio Holdings Information

Disclosure of a Fund of Funds complete holdings as of the end of each fiscal quarter is required to be made quarterly within 60 days of the end of each fiscal quarter in the Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report to Fund shareholders and in the quarterly holdings report on Form N-Q. These reports are available, free of charge, on the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. No disclosure of the portfolio holdings for RIF’s LifePoints Funds may be made except to comply with applicable legal or regulatory requirements, such as required periodic portfolio disclosure in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Upon the occurrence of an unexpected, out of the ordinary event with respect to one or more portfolio holdings or the market as a whole, RIMCo may, consistent with the statement of policy set forth above and with the prior approval of the Chief Compliance Officer, prepare and make available on the Funds of Funds’ website a statement relating to such event which may include information regarding the Funds of Funds’ portfolio holdings.

Portfolio managers and other senior officers or spokespersons of the Funds of Funds may disclose or confirm the ownership of any individual portfolio holdings position to reporters, brokers, shareholders, consultants or other interested persons only if such information has been previously publicly disclosed in accordance with the portfolio holdings disclosure policies.

Non-Public Disclosures of Portfolio Holdings Information

RIMCo and the money managers may periodically distribute lists of applicable investments held by the Funds of Funds for the purpose of facilitating management of the Funds of Funds portfolios and receipt of relevant research. Mellon Analytical Solutions, FactSet Research Systems Inc., Vestek, Advent Software, Inc., Cigna, Interactive Data Corporation and Electra Information Systems provide such services to RIMCo and the money managers and as such receive monthly, weekly and daily portfolio holdings, respectively. RIMCo and the money managers may periodically distribute a list of the issuers and securities which are covered by their research department as of a particular date, but in no case will such a list identify an issuer’s securities as either currently held or anticipated to be held by the Funds of Funds or identify Fund of Funds position sizes.

In addition, the Funds of Funds’ custodian generates daily portfolio holdings information in connection with its services to the Funds of Funds. Confluence Technologies, Inc. (“CTI”), GCOM2 Solutions, Inc., (“GSI”), and Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. (“ISS”) provide performance reporting services, tax filing services, and proxy voting and class action registration services to RIMCo, respectively. CTI and ISS receive daily portfolio holdings information in connection with their services to RIMCo, while GSI receives such information quarterly. Such service providers must keep the portfolio holdings information confidential and cannot trade based on the non-public information. There is no lag between the date of such portfolio holdings information and the date on which the information is disclosed to the service providers.

 

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From time to time rating and ranking organizations such as Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s, Morningstar, Inc. and Lipper Analytical Services may request complete portfolio holdings information in connection with rating the Fund of Funds. In order to facilitate the review of the Funds of Funds by these rating agencies, the Funds of Funds may distribute (or authorize their service providers to distribute) portfolio holdings information to such ratings agencies before their public disclosure is required or authorized, provided that (a) the recipient does not distribute the information or results of analyses to third parties, other departments or persons who are likely to use the information for purposes of purchasing or selling the Fund of Funds shares before the information or results of analyses become public information and (b) the recipient is subject to a confidentiality agreement, which includes a duty not to trade on non-public information.

Administration of the Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Policies

The Chief Compliance Officer will exercise oversight of disclosures of the Funds of Funds’ portfolio holdings. It is the duty of the Chief Compliance Officer or her designee to ensure that all disclosures of the portfolio holdings of a Fund of Funds are in the best interests of such Fund of Funds shareholders. It is the responsibility of each business unit with access to portfolio holdings, including Investment Operations and Investment Management and Research, to inform the Chief Compliance Officer of any third parties receiving portfolio holdings information which has not previously been disclosed. The Chief Compliance Officer is also responsible for monitoring for conflicts of interest between the interests of Fund of Funds shareholders and the interests of the Funds of Funds’ investment adviser, principal underwriter, or any affiliated person of the Funds of Funds, their investment adviser or their principal underwriter. Every violation of the portfolio holdings disclosure policies must be reported to the Funds of Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer. If the Chief Compliance Officer deems that such violation constitutes a “Material Compliance Matter” within the meaning of Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act, the violation will be reported to the Funds of Funds’ Boards of Trustees, as required by Rule 38a-1. The Chief Compliance Officer also has the discretion to report other compliance matters arising under the portfolio holdings disclosure policies to the Board of Trustees.

Disclosure of the Funds of Funds’ portfolio holdings made in accordance with these procedures is authorized by the Funds of Funds’ Board of Trustees. The portfolio holdings disclosure policies may not be waived, and exceptions may not be made, without the consent of the Fund of Funds’ Board of Trustees; provided, however that waivers or exceptions in connection with operational or administrative functions may be made with the prior consent of the Chief Compliance Officer. All such waivers and exceptions by the Chief Compliance Officer will be disclosed to the Board of Trustees no later than its next regularly scheduled quarterly meeting.

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES. The Funds invest in the Underlying Funds. Each Fund will vote in the same manner and proportion as the votes cast by other shareholders of the Underlying Funds in which the Fund invests.

The Board has delegated to RIMCo, as RIF and RIC’s investment adviser, the primary responsibility for monitoring, evaluating and voting proxies solicited by or with respect to issuers of securities in which assets of the Funds of Funds and Underlying Funds may be invested. RIMCo has established a proxy voting committee (“Committee”) and has adopted written proxy voting policies and procedures (“P&P”) and proxy voting guidelines (“Guidelines”). RIMCo has also hired a third party service provider to serve as proxy administrator (“Administrator”), although RIMCo (whether acting directly or through the Committee) retains final authority with respect to proxy voting.

The P&P are designed to ensure that proxy voting decisions are made in accordance with the best interests of RIMCo’s clients and to enable the Committee to resolve any material conflicts of interest between the Funds of Funds or Underlying Funds on the one hand, and RIMCo or its affiliates, on the other, before voting proxies with respect to a matter in which such a conflict may be present. In order to assure that proxies are voted in accordance with the best interests of clients at all times, the P&P authorize votes to be cast in accordance with the Guidelines and delegate to the Administrator responsibility for performing research and making recommendations in accordance with the Guidelines. Conflicts are addressed in the P&P by requiring the implementation of a process requiring additional diligence and documentation if ballots are not voted in accordance with the Guidelines or pursuant to the recommendation of the Proxy Administrator.

The Guidelines address matters that are commonly submitted to shareholders of a company for voting, including, but not limited to, issues relating to corporate governance, auditors, the board of directors, capital structure, executive and director compensation, and mergers and corporate restructurings. Subject to the supervision and oversight of the Committee, and the authority of the Committee to intervene with respect to a particular proxy matter, the Administrator is obligated to vote all proxies as set forth in the Guidelines.

The following are examples of certain types of issues that are covered in the Guidelines and how the proxies are generally voted.

 

   

Proxies will generally be voted for routine agenda items such as the opening of the shareholder meeting; the presence of quorum; regulatory filings; the designation of inspector or shareholder representatives of minutes of meeting; the allowance of questions; the publication of minutes; and the closing of the shareholder meeting.

 

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In connection with director and officer indemnification and liability protection, proxies will generally be voted: against proposals to limit or eliminate entirely director and officer liability for monetary damages for violating the duty of care; and against indemnification proposals that would expand coverage beyond coverage of legal expenses to coverage of acts that are more serious violations of fiduciary obligations than mere carelessness; and for only those proposals that provide such expanded coverage in cases when a director’s or officer’s legal defense was unsuccessful if the director was found to have acted in good faith and in a manner that he or she reasonably believed was in the best interests of the company.

 

   

In certain corporate governance matters, proxies will generally be voted: for proposals seeking to amend a company’s articles of association, procedures, processes and/or other company documents unless the Administrator recommends a vote against such matter, in which case such vote will be determined on a case-by-case basis; for mergers and acquisitions and corporate restructuring proposals unless the Administrator recommends a vote against such matter, in which case such vote will be determined on a case-by-case basis; against proposals to classify the board; for shareholder proposals that ask a company to submit its poison pill for shareholder ratification unless the Administrator recommends a vote against, in which case such vote will be determined on a case-by-case basis; and against management proposals to require a supermajority shareholder vote to approve charter and bylaw amendments.

 

   

In regards to changes to a company’s capital structure, proxies are generally voted against proposals that seek to increase the authorized common or preferred stock by twice the present limit, unless the increase is in connection with a stock split or merger that was voted in favor of. If the company does not have any preferred shares outstanding, proxies will generally be voted against the requested authorization unless the Administrator recommends a vote for, in which case such vote will be determined on a case-by-case basis.

 

   

Generally, proxies are voted for executive and director stock option plans unless the Administrator recommends a vote against such matter, in which case additional criteria specified in the Guidelines will apply and such vote may be determined on a case-by-case basis.

 

   

In connection with social and environmental matters, proxies will generally be voted for management social, political or environmental proposals unless the Administrator recommends a vote against such matter, in which case such vote will be determined on a case-by-case basis. However, in regards to shareholder social, political, nuclear safety, land use, ecological or environmental proposals, proxies will be registered as abstentions.

Where a voting matter is not specifically addressed in the Guidelines or there is a question as to outcome, the Administrator is obligated to request additional information from the Committee. The Administrator is obligated to maintain records of all votes received, all votes cast and other relevant information.

Information on how the Funds of Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available, without charge, at http://www.russell.com and on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

BROKERAGE ALLOCATIONS. The Funds invest in the Underlying Funds. Subject to the arrangements and provisions described below, the selection of a broker or dealer to execute portfolio transactions is made either by the money manager of the Underlying Fund or by RIMCo. RIF’s and RIC’s arrangements with RIMCo and the money managers provide that in executing portfolio transactions and selecting brokers or dealers, the principal objective is to seek best execution. The factors that may be considered in assessing the best execution available for any transaction include the breadth of the market in the security, the price of the security, the financial condition and execution capability of the broker or dealer, the reasonableness of the commission, if any, and the value of research services (as that term is defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). In assessing whether the best overall terms have been obtained, RIMCo and the money managers are not obligated to select the broker offering the lowest commission. Any commission, fee or other remuneration paid to an affiliated broker-dealer is paid in compliance with RIF’s and RIC’s procedures adopted in accordance with Rule 17e-1 of the 1940 Act.

In the case of securities traded in the over-the-counter market and depending on where the money manager or RIMCo believes best execution is available, portfolio transactions may be effected either (1) on an agency basis, which involves the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions to the broker-dealer, including electronic communication networks, or (2) on a principal basis at net prices, which include compensation to the broker-dealer in the form of a mark-up or mark-down without commission.

 

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A money manager, may effect portfolio transactions for the segment of an Underlying Fund’s portfolio assigned to the money manager with a broker-dealer affiliated with RIMCo or the money manager, as well as with brokers affiliated with other money managers.

The Underlying Funds effect certain transactions through Russell Implementation Services Inc. (“RIS”) and its global network of unaffiliated correspondent brokers. RIS is a registered broker and investment adviser and an affiliate of RIMCo. Trades placed through RIS and its correspondents are made (i) to manage trading associated with changes in managers, rebalancing across existing managers, cash flows and other portfolio transitions for the Underlying Funds or (ii) to execute portfolio securities transactions for the portion of each Fund’s assets that RIMCo determines not to allocate to money managers, including assets allocated to the “select holdings” strategy, and for each Fund’s cash reserves.

The Underlying Funds effect certain transactions through BNY ConvergeEX Group – LJR Recapture Services (“LJR”) and its global network of correspondent brokers. LJR is a registered broker and is not an affiliate of the Funds or RIMCo. Trades placed through LJR and its correspondents are used to generate commission rebates to the Underlying Funds on whose behalf the trades were made. For purposes of trading to generate commission rebates to the Underlying Funds, the Underlying Funds’ money managers are requested to and RIMCo may, with respect to transactions it places, effect transactions with or through LJR and its correspondents or other brokers only to the extent that the Underlying Funds will receive competitive execution, price and commissions. In addition, RIMCo recommends targets for the amount of trading that money managers allocate through LJR based upon asset class, investment style and other factors.

LJR retains a portion of all commissions generated to provide commission recapture to the Underlying Funds. Trades through RIS for transition services and manager funding (i.e. brokerage arrangements designed to reduce costs and optimize performance during the transition of Underlying Fund assets upon the hiring, termination or additional funding of a money manager) are at ordinary and customary commission rates and do not result in commission rebates or accrued credits for the procurement of research related services.

Additionally, a money manager for the Underlying Funds may independently effect transactions through RIS, LJR or a broker affiliated with the money manager or another money manager to obtain research services for its own use. Research services provided to a money manager are required by law to benefit the Underlying Fund generating the trading activity but may also benefit other funds and clients managed or advised by the money manager. Similarly, the Underlying Funds may benefit from research services provided with respect to trading by those other funds and clients.

BROKERAGE COMMISSIONS.

During the last three fiscal years the total brokerage commissions paid by the Underlying Funds were:

 

December 31,

   2007    2006    2005

RIF Multi-Style Equity

   $ 734,378    $ 692,455    $ 709,403

RIF Aggressive Equity

     723,478      635,759      486,096

RIF Real Estate Securities

     665,223      562,778      547,854

RIF Non-U.S.

     878,857      704,910      573,810

RIF Core Bond

     10      6,868      —  

October 31,

   2007    2006    2005

RIC Quantitative Equity

   $ 3,191,955    $ 2,902,158    $ 2,532,812

RIC Global Equity*

     1,710,574      N/A      N/A

RIC Emerging Markets

     2,916,325      2,470,731      2,591,323

 

* The Global Equity Fund commenced operations on February 28, 2007.

The principal reasons for changes in several Funds’ brokerage commissions for the three years were (1) changes in Fund asset size, (2) changes in market conditions, and (3) changes in money managers of certain Funds, which required substantial portfolio restructurings, resulting in increased securities transactions and brokerage commissions.

The Short Duration Bond Fund normally does not pay a stated brokerage commission on transactions, but may pay brokerage commissions on trading associated with changes in money managers.

During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, approximately $421,004 of the brokerage commissions of the Underlying Funds were directed to brokers who provided research services to RIMCo. The research services included industry and company analysis, portfolio strategy reports, economic analysis, and statistical data pertaining to the capital markets. Effective January 1, 2008, transactions effected through LJR are used solely to generate commission rebates to the Funds and no longer to obtain research services.

 

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Gross brokerage commissions received by affiliated broker/dealers from affiliated money managers for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 from portfolio transactions effected for the RIF Underlying Funds, were as follows:

 

     2007  

Affiliated Broker/Dealer

   Commissions    Percent of
Total
Commissions
 

Russell Implementation Services, Inc.

     

RIF Multi-Style Equity

   $ 105,858    3.53 %

RIF Aggressive Equity

     136,947    4.56  

RIF Real Estate Securities

     62,319    2.08  

RIF Non-U.S.

     90,341    3.01  

Total

     395,456    13.18  

Geewax, Terker & Company

     

RIF Aggressive Equity

     472    0.02  

Total

   $ 395,937    13.20 %

Gross brokerage commissions received by affiliated broker/dealers from affiliated money managers for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2007 from portfolio transactions effected for the RIC Underlying Funds, were as follows:

 

     2007  

Affiliated Broker/Dealer

   Commissions    Percent of
Total
Commissions
 

Russell Implementation Services, Inc.

     

RIC Quantitative Equity

   $ 583,613    1.45 %

RIC Global Equity

     690,297    1.72  

RIC Emerging Markets

     153,697    0.38  

Total

     1,427,607    3.55  

UBS

     

RIC Emerging Markets

     2,717    0.01  

Total

   $ 1,430,324    3.56 %

During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the RIF Underlying Funds purchased securities issued by the following regular brokers or dealers as defined by Rule 10b–1 of the 1940 Act, each of which is one of the RIF Underlying Funds’ ten largest brokers or dealers by dollar amounts of securities executed or commissions received on behalf of the RIF Underlying Funds. The value of broker–dealer securities held as of December 31, 2007, was as follows:

 

Fund Name

   Deutsche Bank
Securities, Inc.
   Credit Suisse
First Boston
Corp.
   J.P. Morgan
Securities, Inc.
   Goldman, Sachs
& Co.
   Lehman Brothers,
Inc.

RIF Multi-Style Equity Fund

            $ 4,587,016    $ 1,020,864

RIF Aggressive Equity Fund

              

RIF Real Estate Securities Fund

              

RIF Non-U.S. Fund

   $ 445,354    $ 841,663         

RIF Core Bond Fund

     622,184      797,375    $ 2,488,349      3,919,635      4,506,466
   $ 1,067,538    $ 1,639,038    $ 2,488,349    $ 8,506,651    $ 5,527,330

 

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Table of Contents

Fund Name

   Banc of America
Securities LLC
   Barclays
Investments, Inc.
   Citigroup Global
Markets, Inc.
   Merrill Lynch,
Pierce, Fenner &
Smith, Inc.
   Investment
Technology
Group, Inc.

RIF Multi-Style Equity Fund

   $ 2,636,514       $ 2,422,912      

RIF Aggressive Equity Fund

              

RIF Real Estate Securities Fund

              

RIF Non-U.S. Fund

      $ 324,317         

RIF Core Bond Fund

     7,814,562      2,129,218      5,116,144    $ 3,027,082   
   $ 10,451,076    $ 2,453,535    $ 7,539,056    $ 3,027,082    $ 0
During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2007, the RIC Underlying Funds purchased securities issued by the following regular brokers or dealers as defined by Rule 10b–1 of the 1940 Act, each of which is one of the RIC Underlying Funds’ ten largest brokers or dealers by dollar amounts of securities executed or commissions received on behalf of the RIC Underlying Funds. The value of broker–dealer securities held as of October 31, 2007, was as follows:

Fund Name

   Deutsche Bank
Securities, Inc.
   Credit Suisse
First Boston
Corp.
   J.P. Morgan
Securities, Inc.
   Goldman, Sachs
& Co.
   Lehman Brothers,
Inc.

RIC Quantitative Equity Fund

            $ 63,665,856   

RIC Global Equity Fund

              11,999,328   

RIC Emerging Markets Fund

              

RIC Short Duration Bond Fund

   $ 2,069,430    $ 897,154    $ 1,837,557      2,792,814    $ 2,754,194
   $ 2,069,430    $ 897,154    $ 1,837,557    $ 78,457,998    $ 2,754,194

Fund Name

   Banc of America
Securities LLC
   Barclays
Investments, Inc.
   Citigroup Global
Markets, Inc.
   Merrill Lynch,
Pierce, Fenner &
Smith, Inc.
   Investment
Technology
Group, Inc.

RIC Quantitative Equity Fund

         $ 86,795,850    $ 33,049,612    $ 1,252,810

RIC Global Equity Fund

              2,416,332   

RIC Emerging Markets Fund

           8,878,291      1,535,985   

RIC Short Duration Bond Fund

   $ 5,172,577         11,224,204      3,852,974   
   $ 5,172,577    $ 0    $ 106,898,345    $ 40,854,903    $ 1,252,810

 

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INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS, POLICIES AND PRACTICES OF THE FUNDS OF FUNDS

Each Fund of Funds’ investment objective is “non-fundamental.” A non-fundamental investment objective means that it may be changed without the approval of a majority of each Fund of Funds’ shareholders. If a Fund of Fund’s investment objective is changed by the Board of Trustees, the Prospectus will be supplemented to reflect the new investment objective. Certain investment policies and restrictions may be “fundamental,” which means that they may only be changed with the approval of a majority of each Fund of Funds’ shareholders. The vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each Fund of Funds means the vote of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the voting securities of the Fund of Funds present at the meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund of Funds are present or represented by proxy; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund of Funds. Other policies and restrictions may be changed by a Fund of Funds without shareholder approval. The Funds of Funds’ investment objectives are set forth in the respective Prospectus.

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS. Each Fund of Funds is subject to the following fundamental investment restrictions. Unless otherwise noted, these restrictions apply on a Fund-by-Fund basis at the time an investment is being made. The fundamental investment restrictions of the Underlying Funds are listed in the next section.

No Fund of Funds may:

1. Purchase securities if, as a result of such purchase, the Fund of Funds’ investments would be concentrated within the meaning of the 1940 Act in securities of issuers in a particular industry or group of industries. Investments in other investment companies shall not be considered an investment in any particular industry or group of industries for purposes of this investment restriction. This investment restriction shall not apply to securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities or securities of other investment companies.

Because of their investment objectives and policies, investments of the Fund of Funds will be concentrated in shares of the Underlying Funds and, therefore, in the mutual fund industry. In accordance with the Fund of Funds’ investment policies set forth in the Fund of Funds’ Prospectus, each of the Funds of Funds may invest in the Underlying Funds without limitation as to concentration. However, each of the Underlying Funds in which each Fund of Funds will invest (other than the Real Estate Securities Fund) will not purchase securities if, as a result of such purchase, the Underlying Fund’s investments would be concentrated within the meaning of the 1940 Act. The Real Estate Securities Fund may invest in the securities of companies directly or indirectly engaged in the real estate industry without limitation as to concentration.

2. Purchase or sell real estate; provided that each Fund of Funds may invest in the Real Estate Securities Fund, which may own securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by companies which invest in real estate or interests therein.

3. Purchase or sell commodities except that a Fund of Funds may purchase or sell currencies, may enter into futures contracts on securities, currencies and other indices or any other financial instruments, and may purchase and sell options on such futures contracts. No Fund may purchase or sell interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs.

4. Borrow money, except that a Fund of Funds may borrow money to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, or to the extent permitted by any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.

5. Act as an underwriter except to the extent a Fund of Funds may be deemed to be an underwriter when disposing of securities it owns or when selling its own shares.

6. Make loans to other persons except (a) through the lending of its portfolio securities, (b) through the purchase of debt securities, loan participations and/or engaging in direct corporate loans in accordance with its investment objectives and policies, (c) to the extent the entry into a repurchase agreement is deemed to be a loan, or (d) to affiliated investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or any exemptions therefrom that may be granted by the SEC.

7. Issue securities senior to the Fund of Funds’ presently authorized shares of beneficial interest except that this restriction shall not be deemed to prohibit a Fund of Funds from (a) making any permitted borrowings, loans, mortgages or pledges, (b) entering into options, futures contracts, forward contracts, repurchase transactions, or reverse repurchase transactions, or (c) making short sales of securities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and any rule or order thereunder.

 

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With regards to investment restriction 1, above, the staff of the SEC has taken the position that a fund is concentrated if it invests 25% or more of the value of its total assets in any one industry or group of industries. With regards to investment restriction 4, above, this restriction applies constantly and not only at the time a borrowing is made.

With regards to investment restriction 1, above, the statement that the Funds of Funds will be concentrated in the mutual fund industry means that the Funds of Funds will only invest in shares of other mutual funds. In accordance with each Fund of Funds’ investment program as set forth in the prospectus, a Fund of Funds may invest more than 25% of its assets in any one Underlying Fund.

Each Fund of Funds will also not be concentrated, within the meaning of the 1940 Act, in securities of issuers of a particular industry or group of industries, if the portfolio securities of the Underlying Funds were deemed to be owned directly by the Fund of Funds rather than the Underlying Fund.

With regards to investment restriction 6, above, each Fund of Funds may lend its portfolio securities in an amount not to exceed 33  1/3% of total fund assets. The Funds of Funds may invest without limit in repurchase agreements so long as they abide by their investment objective, investment restrictions, and all 1940 Act requirements, including diversification requirements. Loans to affiliated investment companies are not presently permitted by the 1940 Act in the absence of an exemption from the SEC. The Funds of Funds have received exemptive relief from the SEC to loan money to affiliated investment companies.

With regards to investment restriction 7, above, permitted borrowings refer to borrowings by the Fund as permitted by the 1940 Act.

The Funds of Funds do not invest in illiquid securities. The Funds of Funds do not invest in repurchase agreements.

Each Fund of Funds is also subject to the following non-fundamental investment restriction (one that can be changed by the Trustees without shareholder approval). Unless otherwise noted, this restriction applies on a Fund-by-Fund basis at the time an investment is being made.

No Fund of Funds may borrow money for purposes of leveraging or investment.

Under the 1940 Act, each Fund of Funds is presently permitted to borrow up to 5% of its total assets from any person for temporary purposes, and may also borrow from banks, provided that if borrowings exceed 5%, the Fund of Funds must have assets totaling at least 300% of the borrowing when the amount of the borrowing is added to the company’s other assets. Put another way, an investment company may borrow, in the aggregate, from banks and others, amounts up to one-third (33  1/ 3%) of its total assets (including those assets represented by the borrowing). Accordingly, if a Fund were required to pledge assets to secure a borrowing, it would pledge no more than one-third (33  1/3%) of its assets.

The Funds of Funds will not purchase additional securities while outstanding cash borrowings exceed 5% of total assets.

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS AND POLICIES OF THE UNDERLYING FUNDS

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS. Each Underlying Fund is subject to the following fundamental investment restrictions. Unless otherwise noted, these restrictions apply on a Fund-by-Fund basis at the time an investment is being made. For purposes of the following investment restrictions, any reference to “Fund(s)” shall mean the Underlying Fund(s).

No Underlying Fund may:

1. Purchase securities if, as a result of such purchase, the Fund’s investments would be concentrated, within the meaning of the 1940 Act, in securities of issuers in a particular industry or group of industries. Investments in other investment companies shall not be considered an investment in any particular industry or group of industries for purposes of this investment restriction. This investment restriction shall not apply to securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities or securities of other investment companies. This investment restriction shall not apply to the Real Estate Securities Fund. The Real Estate Securities Fund may invest in the securities of companies directly or indirectly engaged in the real estate industry without limitation as to concentration

2. Purchase or sell real estate; provided that a Fund may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by companies which invest in real estate or interests therein.

 

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3. Purchase or sell commodities except that a Fund may purchase or sell currencies, may enter into futures contracts on securities, currencies and other indices or any other financial instruments, and may purchase and sell options on such futures contracts.

4. Borrow money, except that a Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, or to the extent permitted by any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.

5. Act as an underwriter except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter when disposing of securities it owns or when selling its own shares.

6. Make loans to other persons except (a) through the lending of its portfolio securities, (b) through the purchase of debt securities, loan participations and/or engaging in direct corporate loans in accordance with its investment objectives and policies, (c) to the extent the entry into a repurchase agreement is deemed to be a loan, or (d) to affiliated investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or any exemptions therefrom that may be granted by the SEC.

7. Issue securities senior to the Fund’s presently authorized shares of beneficial interest except that this restriction shall not be deemed to prohibit a Fund from (a) making any permitted borrowings, loans, mortgages or pledges, (b) entering into options, futures contracts, forward contracts, repurchase transactions, or reverse repurchase transactions, or (c) making short sales of securities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and any rule or order thereunder.

With regards to investment restriction 1, above, the staff of the SEC has taken the position that a fund is concentrated if it invests 25% or more of the value of its total assets in any one industry or group of industries. The Real Estate Securities Fund concentrates its investments in real estate securities. With regards to investment restriction 4, above, this restriction applies constantly and not only at the time a borrowing is made.

With regards to investment restriction 6, above, each Fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount not to exceed 33  1/3% of total fund assets. The Funds may invest without limit in repurchase agreements so long as they abide by their investment objective, investment restrictions, and all 1940 Act requirements, including diversification requirements. Loans to affiliated investment companies are not presently permitted by the 1940 Act in the absence of an exemption from the SEC. The Funds have received exemptive relief from the SEC to loan money to affiliated investment companies.

With regards to investment restriction 7, above, permitted borrowings refer to borrowings by the Fund as permitted by the 1940 Act.

Each Underlying Fund is also subject to the following non-fundamental investment restriction (one that can be changed by the Trustees without shareholder approval). Unless otherwise noted, this restriction applies on a Fund-by-Fund basis at the time an investment is being made.

No Underlying Fund may borrow money for purposes of leveraging or investment.

Under the 1940 Act, each Underlying Fund is presently permitted to borrow up to 5% of its total assets from any person for temporary purposes, and may also borrow from banks, provided that if borrowings exceed 5%, the Underlying Fund must have assets totaling at least 300% of the borrowing when the amount of the borrowing is added to the company’s other assets. Put another way, an investment company may borrow, in the aggregate, from banks and others, amounts up to one-third (33  1/3%) of its total assets (including those assets represented by the borrowing). Accordingly, if a Fund were required to pledge assets to secure a borrowing, it would pledge no more than one-third (33  1/3%) of its assets.

The Underlying Funds will not purchase additional securities while outstanding cash borrowings exceed 5% of total assets.

An Underlying Fund may, from time to time, take temporary defensive positions that are inconsistent with the Underlying Fund’s principal investment strategies in attempting to respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions. During these times, an Underlying Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents, shares of money market mutual funds, commercial paper, zero coupon bonds, repurchase agreements, and other securities RIMCo believes to be consistent with the Underlying Fund’s best interests. During a period in which any Underlying Fund takes a temporary defensive position, the corresponding Funds may not achieve their investment objectives.

As an open-end investment company registered with the SEC, the Funds are subject to the federal securities laws, including the 1940 Act, related rules, and various SEC, and SEC staff, positions. Further, in accordance with these positions, with respect to certain kinds of derivatives, the Funds must “set aside” (referred to sometimes as “asset segregation”) liquid assets, or engage in

 

28


Table of Contents

other SEC- or staff-approved measures, while the derivatives contracts are open. For example, with respect to forwards and futures contracts that are not contractually required to “cash-settle,” the Funds must cover their open positions by setting aside liquid assets equal to the contracts’ full, notional value. With respect to forwards and futures that are contractually required to “cash-settle,” however, the Funds are permitted to set aside liquid assets in an amount equal to the Funds’ daily marked-to-market (net) obligations, if any (i.e., the Funds’ daily net liability, if any), rather than the notional value.

Investment Policies.

The Funds invest in the Underlying Funds. The investment objective and principal investment strategy for each of the Underlying Funds is provided in their Prospectuses. The following table illustrates the principal and non-principal investments in which the Underlying Funds invest. The Underlying Funds use investment techniques commonly used by other mutual funds.

 

29


Table of Contents

Underlying Fund

  

Principal Investments

  

Non-Principal Investments

RIF Multi-Style Equity Fund   

Common Stocks

American Depositary Receipts

  

Cash Reserves

Lending Portfolio Securities

Derivatives to expose cash reserves to markets

RIC Quantitative Equity Fund   

Common Stocks

Short Sales

American Depositary Receipts

  

Cash Reserves

Lending Portfolio Securities

Derivatives to expose cash reserves to markets

RIF Aggressive Equity Fund   

Common Stocks

American Depositary Receipts

Equity securities of real estate companies, including REITs

  

Cash Reserves

Lending Portfolio Securities

Illiquid Securities

Derivatives to expose cash reserves to markets

RIF Real Estate Securities Fund   

Equity securities of real estate companies, including REITs

Foreign Securities

  

Cash Reserves

Lending Portfolio Securities

Illiquid Securities

Depositary Receipts

RIC Global Equity Fund   

Common Stocks

Depositary Receipts

Preferred Stocks

Foreign Securities

Forward Currency Contracts

Emerging Market Securities

  

Cash Reserves

Lending Portfolio Securities

Illiquid Securities

Derivatives

Equity securities of real estate companies, including REITs

Synthetic foreign equity securities

Warrants and convertible securities

Equity Linked Notes

RIF Non-U.S. Fund   

Common Stocks

Depositary Receipts

Preferred Stocks

Foreign Securities

Forward Currency Contracts

Emerging Market Securities

  

Cash Reserves

Lending Portfolio Securities

Illiquid Securities

Warrants and Convertible Securities

Derivatives

Synthetic foreign equity securities

Equity securities of real estate companies, including REITs

Equity Linked Notes

RIC Emerging Markets Fund   

Common Stocks

Depositary Receipts

Preferred Stocks

Synthetic foreign equity securities

Foreign Securities (specifically emerging market securities)

Derivatives

  

Cash Reserves

Warrants

Pooled Investment Vehicles

Convertible debt securities

Lending Portfolio Securities

Illiquid Securities

Derivatives to expose cash reserves to markets

 

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Table of Contents

Underlying Fund

  

Principal Investments

  

Non-Principal Investments

RIF Core Bond Fund   

U.S. Government Securities, including TIPS and zero coupon securities

Debt Securities including corporate debt, asset-backed securities and mortgage-backed securities, including collateralized mortgage obligations and commercial mortgage backed securities Below investment grade or junk bonds

Foreign Securities

Derivatives

When issued and forward commitment securities

Swaps and Swaptions

STRIPS

Loans and other direct indebtedness

Emerging markets debt, including Brady Bonds

Illiquid Securities

Credit and Liquidity enhancements

  

Municipal Obligations

Cash Reserves

Repurchase Agreements

Lending Portfolio Securities

Investment Company Securities and pooled investment vehicles

RIC Short Duration Bond Fund   

U.S. Government Securities, including TIPS and zero coupon securities

Debt Securities including corporate debt, asset-backed securities and mortgage-backed securities, including collateralized mortgage obligations and commercial mortgage backed securities

Below investment grade or junk bonds

Foreign Securities

Derivatives

When issued and forward commitment securities

Swaps and swaptions

STRIPS

Loans and other direct indebtedness

Emerging markets debt , including Brady Bonds

Illiquid Securities

Credit and Liquidity enhancements

  

Cash Reserves

Repurchase Agreements

Lending Portfolio Securities

Investment Company Securities and pooled investment vehicles

Municipal Obligations

The following discussion describes certain investment strategies which the Funds may pursue and certain types of securities in which the Underlying Funds may invest in the foregoing table.

The RIF Multi-Style Equity, RIC Quantitative Equity, RIF Aggressive Equity, RIF Real Estate Securities, RIC Global Equity, RIF Non-U.S. and RIC Emerging Markets Funds, are referred to collectively as the “Underlying Equity Funds.”

The RIF Core Bond and RIC Short Duration Bond Funds are referred to collectively as the “Underlying Fixed Income Funds.”

General Investment Strategies and Portfolio Instruments

Cash Reserves and Being Fully Invested. An Underlying Fund at times has to sell portfolio securities in order to meet redemption requests. The selling of securities may affect an Underlying Fund’s performance since securities are sold for other than investment reasons. An Underlying Fund can avoid selling its portfolio securities by holding adequate levels of cash to meet anticipated redemption requests (“cash reserves”). The cash reserves may also include cash awaiting investment or to pay expenses. The Underlying Funds intend to be fully invested at all times. To do so, RIMCo or a money manager invests the Underlying Funds’ cash reserves in short term instruments, including the RIC Money Market Fund. In addition to investing in such short term investments, as described below, the Underlying Fund may pursue its strategy to be fully invested by exposing its cash reserves to the performance of appropriate markets by purchasing equity securities, fixed income securities and/or derivatives. This is intended to cause the Underlying Fund to perform as though its cash reserves were actually invested in those markets.

 

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Each Underlying Fund that invests its cash reserves in the RIC Money Market Fund does so pursuant to exemptive relief from the SEC. The relief requires that any investment of cash reserves in affiliated money market funds will not exceed 25% of the investing Fund’s total assets. The Money Market Fund seeks to maximize current income to the extent consistent with the preservation of capital and liquidity, by investing solely in short–term money market instruments. The Underlying Funds will invest cash reserves in the RIC Money Market Fund only so long as it does not adversely affect the portfolio management and operations of the Money Market Fund and RIC’s other Funds. The Money Market Fund, and the Underlying Funds investing in it, treat such investments as the purchase and redemption of the Money Market Fund’s Shares. Any Fund investing in the Money Market Fund pursuant to this procedure participates equally on a pro rata basis in all income, capital gains, and net assets of the Money Market Fund, and will have all rights and obligations of a shareholder as provided in RIC’s Master Trust Agreement, including voting rights. However, Shares of the Money Market Fund issued to other Funds will be voted by the Trustees in the same proportion as the Shares of the Money Market Fund that are held by shareholders that are not Funds. In addition to the advisory and administrative fees payable by the Underlying Funds to RIMCo and RFSC, respectively, each Underlying Fund that invests its cash reserves in the RIC Money Market Fund pursuant to the terms and conditions of an exemptive order will bear indirectly a proportionate share of the Money Market Fund’s operating expenses, which include the advisory and administrative fees that the Money Market Fund pays to RIMCo and RFSC, respectively. The cash reserves for all Underlying Funds are invested in RIC’s Money Market Fund. The aggregate annual rate of advisory and administrative fees payable to RIMCo and RFSC on the cash reserves invested in the Money Market Fund is 0.10% (net of fee waivers and reimbursements). The SEC exemptive order requires that the Underlying Funds’ Board determine that the advisory fees incurred in connection with the investment of cash reserves in affiliated money market funds are not for duplicative services.

Hedging Strategies. Financial futures contracts may be used by the Underlying Funds during or in anticipation of adverse market events such as, in the case of the Underlying Fixed Income Funds, interest rate changes. For example: if interest rates were anticipated to rise, financial futures contracts may be sold (short hedge) which would have an effect similar to selling bonds. Once interest rates increase, fixed–income securities held in an Underlying Fund’s portfolio may decline, but the futures contract value may decrease, partly offsetting the loss in value of the fixed–income security by enabling the Underlying Fund to repurchase the futures contract at a lower price to close out the position.

The Underlying Funds may purchase a put and/or sell a call option on a stock index futures contract instead of selling a futures contract in anticipation of an equity market decline. Purchasing a call and/or selling a put option on a stock index futures contract is used instead of buying a futures contract in anticipation of an equity market advance, or to temporarily create an equity exposure for cash reserves until those balances are invested in equities. Options on financial futures are used in a similar manner in order to hedge portfolio securities against anticipated market changes.

Risk Associated with Hedging Strategies. There are certain investment risks involved with using futures contracts and/or options as a hedging technique. One risk is the imperfect correlation between price movement of the futures contracts or options and the price movement of the portfolio securities, stock index or currency subject of the hedge. There is no assurance that the price of taxable securities will move in a similar manner to the price of tax exempt securities. Another risk is that a liquid secondary market may not exist for a futures contract causing an Underlying Fund to be unable to close out the futures contract thereby affecting the Underlying Fund’s hedging strategy.

In addition, foreign currency options and foreign currency futures involve additional risks. Such transactions may not be regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United States; may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees; and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities. The value of such positions could also be adversely affected by (1) other complex foreign, political, legal and economic factors, (2) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (3) delays in an Underlying Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non– business hours in the United States, (4) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States, and (5) lesser trading volume.

Lending Portfolio Securities. RIF is a party to a Securities Lending Agency Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company, an unaffiliated lending agent, pursuant to which an Underlying Fund may lend securities to other parties (typically brokers, dealers, banks or other financial institutions) who may need to borrow securities in order to complete certain transactions such as covering short sales, avoiding failures to deliver securities or completing arbitrage operations. The borrower provides the Underlying Fund with collateral in an amount at least equal to the value of the securities loaned. By lending its portfolio securities, an Underlying Fund attempts to increase its net investment income through investment earnings from collateral received or the receipt of negotiated fees on the securities lent.

Each Underlying Fund retains most rights of beneficial ownership, including, interest or other distributions on the loaned securities. Any gain or loss in the market price of the securities lent that occurs during the term of the loan would be for the account of the Underlying Fund. Voting rights may pass with the lending. An Underlying Fund may call loans to vote proxies if a material issue affecting the investment is to be voted upon. Payments received by an Underlying Fund in lieu of any dividends

 

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paid on the loaned securities will not be treated as “qualified dividend income” for purposes of determining what portion of an Underlying Fund’s dividends received by an Underlying Fund and distributed to its shareholders may be taxed at the rates generally applicable to long-term capital gains.

If the borrower defaults on its obligations to return the securities lent because of insolvency or other reasons, an Underlying Fund could experience delays and costs in recovering the securities lent or in gaining access to the collateral. These delays could be greater for foreign securities. If an Underlying Fund is not able to recover the securities lent, an Underlying Fund may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. The value of the collateral could decrease below the value of the replacement security or the value of the replacement security could increase above the value of the collateral by the time the replacement security is purchased.

The Underlying Funds invest cash collateral received in high–quality short–term debt instruments, short–term bank collective investment vehicles and money market mutual funds (including a money market fund advised by RIMCo for which RIMCo receives a 0.05% advisory fee and RFSC receives a 0.05% administrative fee, net of fee waivers and reimbursements), and other investments meeting certain quality and maturity established by the Underlying Funds. Income generated from the investment of the cash collateral is first used to pay any negotiated rebate to the borrower of the securities then to pay for lending transaction costs. Any remaining income is divided between the Underlying Fund and the lending agent in accordance with the Securities Lending Agency Agreement.

An Underlying Fund may incur costs or possible losses in excess of the interest income and fees received in connection with securities lending transactions. To the extent that the value of the cash collateral as invested is insufficient to return the full amount of the collateral plus any negotiated rebate to the borrower upon termination of the loan, an Underlying Fund must immediately pay the amount of the shortfall to the borrower.

No Underlying Fund may lend portfolio securities in an amount that exceeds 33  1 /3% of total fund assets.

Select Holdings. As described in the Prospectuses, RIMCo may employ a “select holdings” strategy for a portion of certain Underlying Equity Funds’ assets that RIMCo determines not to allocate to the money managers. Pursuant to this strategy, RIMCo periodically analyzes the holdings in the Fund segments assigned to money managers to identify particular stocks that have been selected by multiple money managers. RIMCo uses a proprietary model to rank these stocks. Based on this ranking, RIMCo purchases additional shares of certain stocks for a Fund. The strategy is designed to increase the Fund’s exposure to stocks that are viewed as attractive by multiple money managers.

Illiquid and Restricted Securities. No more than 15% of an Underlying Fund’s net assets will be invested in securities, including repurchase agreements of more than seven days’ duration, that are illiquid. A security is illiquid if it cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which an Underlying Fund has valued such security. There may be delays in selling illiquid securities at prices representing their fair value.

The Board of Trustees of the Underlying Funds has adopted procedures to permit each Underlying Fund to deem as liquid the following types of securities that are otherwise presumed to be illiquid securities: (i) certain restricted securities that are eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A (“Rule 144A Securities”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”); (ii) certain commercial paper issued in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act (“Section 4(2) Paper”); (iii) certain interest-only and principal-only fixed mortgage-backed securities issued by the United States government or its agencies and instrumentalities (collectively, “Eligible MBS”); (iv) certain municipal lease obligations and certificates of participation in municipal lease obligations (collectively, “Municipal Lease Obligations”); and (v) certain restricted debt securities that are subject to unconditional puts or demand features exercisable within seven days (“Demand Feature Securities”).

The expenses of registration of restricted securities that are illiquid (excluding securities that may be resold by the Underlying Funds pursuant to Rule 144A) may be negotiated at the time such securities are purchased by an Underlying Fund. When registration is required, a considerable period may elapse between a decision to sell the securities and the time the sale would be permitted. Thus, an Underlying Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. An Underlying Fund also may acquire, through private placements, securities having contractual resale restrictions, which might lower the amount realizable upon the sale of such securities.

Interfund Lending. The Funds and Underlying Funds have been granted permission from the SEC to participate in a joint lending and borrowing facility (the “Credit Facility”). The Funds and Underlying Funds may borrow money from the RIC Money Market Fund for temporary purposes. All such borrowing and lending will be subject to a participating fund’s

 

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fundamental investment limitations. The RIC Money Market Fund will lend through the program only when the returns are higher than those available from an investment in repurchase agreements or short-term reserves and the Portfolio Manager determines it is in the best interest of the RIC Money Market Fund. The Funds and Underlying Funds will borrow through the program only when the costs are equal to or lower than the cost of bank loans. Interfund loans and borrowings will be limited to the time required to receive payment for securities sold, but can have a maximum duration of seven days. Loans may be called on one business day’s notice and may be repaid on any day by the borrowing fund. A participating fund may have to borrow from a bank at a higher interest rate if an interfund loan is called or not renewed. Any delay in repayment to the RIC Money Market Fund could result in reduced returns and/or additional borrowing costs.

Investment Company Securities and Pooled Investment Vehicles. The Underlying Funds may invest in securities of other open-end or closed-end investment companies. If an Underlying Fund invests in other investment companies, shareholders will bear not only their proportionate share of the fund’s expenses (including operating expenses and the fees of the adviser), but also, indirectly, the similar expenses of the underlying investment companies. Shareholders would also be exposed to the risks associated not only to the investments of the fund but also to the portfolio investments of the underlying investment companies.

Some emerging market countries have laws and regulations that currently preclude direct foreign investments in the securities of their companies. However, indirect foreign investments in the securities of companies listed and traded on the stock exchanges in these countries are permitted through pooled investment vehicles or investment funds that have been specifically authorized.

Exchange Traded Funds or “ETFs”. The Underlying Funds may invest in shares of open-end mutual funds or unit investment trusts that are traded on a stock exchange, called exchange-traded funds or ETFs. Typically, an ETF seeks to track the performance of an index, such as the S&P 500® or the NASDAQ 100, by holding in its portfolio either the same securities that comprise the index, or a representative sample of the index. Investing in an ETF will give an Underlying Fund exposure to the securities comprising the index on which the ETF is based, and the Underlying Funds will gain or lose value depending on the performance of the index. ETFs have expenses, including advisory and administrative fees paid by ETF shareholders, and, as a result, an investor in the Underlying Funds is subject to a duplicate level of fees if an Underlying Fund invests in ETFs.

Unlike shares of typical mutual funds or unit investment trusts, shares of ETFs are bought and sold based on market values throughout each trading day, and not at net asset value. For this reason, shares could trade at either a premium or discount to net asset value. Currently, the Underlying Funds intend to invest only in ETFs that track equity market indices. The portfolios held by these ETFs are publicly disclosed on each trading day, and an approximation of actual net asset value is disseminated throughout the trading day. Because of this transparency, the trading prices of these index-based ETFs tend to closely track the actual net asset value of the underlying portfolios. If available, the Underlying Funds may invest in ETFs that are based on fixed income indices, or that are actively managed. Actively managed ETFs will likely not have the transparency of index based ETFs, and therefore, may be more likely to trade at a discount or premium to actual net asset values. If an ETF held by the fund trades at a discount to net asset value, the fund could lose money even if the securities in which the ETF invests go up in value.

Short Sales. The Quantitative Fund may utilize short selling strategies. In a short sale, the seller sells a security that it does not own, typically a security borrowed from a broker or dealer. Because the seller remains liable to return the underlying security that it borrowed from the broker or dealer, the seller must purchase the security prior to the date on which delivery to the broker or dealer is required. The Underlying Fund will incur a loss as a result of the short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the fund replaces the borrowed security. The Underlying Fund will realize a gain if the security declines in price between those dates. The making of short sales exposes the Underlying Fund to the risk of liability for the market value of the security that is sold (the amount of which liability increases as the market value of the underlying security increases), in addition to the costs associated with establishing, maintaining and closing out the short position.

Although the Underlying Fund’s potential for gain as a result of a short sale is limited to the price at which it sold the security short less the cost of borrowing the security, its potential for loss is theoretically unlimited because there is no limit to the cost of replacing the borrowed security. The proceeds of the short sale will be retained as collateral in a segregated account for the broker’s benefit at the Underlying Fund’s custodian, to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. Until an Underlying Fund replaces a borrowed security in connection with a short sale, the Underlying Fund will: (a) maintain daily a segregated account, containing cash, cash equivalents, or liquid marketable securities, at such a level that the amount deposited in the segregated account plus the amount deposited with the broker as collateral will equal the current value of the security sold short; or (b) otherwise cover its short position in accordance with positions taken by the staff of the SEC (e.g., taking an offsetting long position in the security sold short).

Foreign Securities

Investment In Foreign Securities. The Underlying Funds may invest in foreign securities traded on U.S. or foreign exchanges or in the over–the–counter market. Investing in securities issued by foreign governments and corporations involves considerations

 

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and possible risks not typically associated with investing in obligations issued by the U.S government and domestic corporations. Less information may be available about foreign companies than about domestic companies, and foreign companies generally are not subject to the same uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards or other regulatory practices and requirements comparable to those applicable to domestic companies. The values of foreign investments are affected by changes in currency rates or exchange control regulations, application of foreign tax laws, including withholding taxes, changes in governmental administration or economic or monetary policy (in the United States or abroad) or changed circumstances in dealings between nations. Costs are incurred in connection with conversions between various currencies. In addition, foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than in the United States, and foreign securities markets may be less liquid, more volatile and less subject to governmental supervision than in the United States. Investments in foreign countries could be affected by other factors not present in the United States, including nationalization, expropriation, confiscatory taxation, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations and could be subject to extended settlement periods or restrictions affecting the prompt return of capital to the United States.

Investment In Emerging Markets. The Underlying Equity Funds may invest in emerging markets stocks. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in the following types of emerging market debt: bonds; notes and debentures of emerging market governments; debt and other fixed–income securities issued or guaranteed by emerging market government agencies, instrumentalities or central banks; and other fixed–income securities issued or guaranteed by banks or other companies in emerging markets which the money managers believe are suitable investments for the Underlying Funds. Emerging markets consist of countries determined by the money managers of an Underlying Fund to have developing or emerging economies and markets. These countries generally include every country in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Singapore and most countries located in Western Europe. Foreign investment may include emerging market stock and emerging market debt.

Risks Associated with Emerging Markets. The considerations outlined above when making investments in foreign securities also apply to investments in emerging markets. The risks associated with investing in foreign securities are often heightened for investments in developing or emerging markets. Investments in emerging or developing markets involve exposure to economic structures that are generally less diverse and mature, and to political systems which can be expected to have less stability, than those of more developed countries. Moreover, the economies of individual emerging market countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S economy in such respects as the rate of growth in gross domestic product, the rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self–sufficiency and balance of payments position. Because the Underlying Funds’ foreign securities will generally be denominated in foreign currencies, the value of such securities to the Underlying Funds will be affected by changes in currency exchange rates and in exchange control regulations. A change in the value of a foreign currency against the U.S dollar will result in a corresponding change in the U.S dollar value of the Underlying Funds’ foreign securities. In addition, some emerging market countries may have fixed or managed currencies which are not free–floating against the U.S dollar. Further, certain emerging market countries’ currencies may not be internationally traded. Certain of these currencies have experienced devaluations relative to the U.S dollar. Many emerging market countries have experienced substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation for many years. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had, and may continue to have, negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain emerging market countries.

Investments in emerging market country government debt securities involve special risks. Certain emerging market countries have historically experienced high rates of inflation, high interest rates, exchange rate fluctuations, large amounts of external debt, balance of payments and trade difficulties and extreme poverty and unemployment. The issuer or governmental authority that controls the repayment of an emerging market country’s debt may not be able or willing to repay the principal and/or interest when due in accordance with the terms of such debt. As a result, a government obligor may default on its obligations. If such an event occurs, an Underlying Fund may have limited legal recourse against the issuer and/or guarantor.

Foreign Government Securities. Foreign government securities which the Underlying Funds may invest in generally consist of obligations issued or backed by the national, state or provincial government or similar political subdivisions or central banks in foreign countries. Foreign government securities also include debt obligations of supranational entities, which include international organizations designated or backed by governmental entities to promote economic reconstruction or development, international banking institutions and related government agencies. These securities also include debt securities of “quasi–government agencies” and debt securities denominated in multinational currency units of an issuer.

Local Access Products. The Global Equity, Non-U.S. and Emerging Markets Funds may invest in local access products. Local access products, also called participation notes, are a form of derivative security issued by foreign banks that either give holders the right to buy or sell an underlying security or securities for a particular price or give holders the right to receive a cash payment relating to the value of the underlying security or securities. The instruments may or may not be traded on a foreign exchange. Local access products are similar to options in that they are exercisable by the holder for an underlying security or the value of that security, but are generally exercisable over a longer term than typical options. These types of instruments may be exercisable in the American style, which means that they can be exercised at any time on or before the expiration date of the instrument, or exercisable in the European style, which means that they may be exercised only on the expiration date. Local access products have an exercise price, which is fixed when they are issued.

 

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Investments in these instruments involve the risk that the issuer of the instrument may default on its obligation to deliver the underlying security or its value. These instruments may also be subject to counterparty risk, liquidity risk, foreign risk and currency risk. In the case of any exercise of the instruments, there may be a time delay between the time a holder gives instructions to exercise and the time the price of the security or the settlement date is determined, during which time the price of the underlying security could change significantly. In addition, the exercise or settlement date of the local access products may be affected by certain market disruption events, such as difficulties relating to the exchange of a local currency into U.S. dollars, the imposition of capital controls by a local jurisdiction or changes in the laws relating to foreign investments. These events could lead to a change in the exercise date or settlement currency of the instruments, or postponement of the settlement date. In some cases, if the market disruption events continue for a certain period of time, the local access products may become worthless resulting in a total loss of the purchase price.

Equity Linked Notes. The Global Equity, Non-U.S., and Emerging Markets Funds may invest in equity linked notes, which are instruments whose return is determined by the performance of a single equity security, a basket of equity securities or an equity index. The principal payable at maturity is based on the current price of the linked security, basket or index. Equity linked notes are generally subject to the risks associated with the securities of foreign issuers and with securities denominated in foreign currencies and, because they are equity-linked, may return a lower amount at maturity because of a decline in value of the linked security or securities. Equity linked notes are also subject to default risk and counterparty risk.

Equity Securities

Common Stocks. The Underlying Funds may invest in common stocks, which are shares of a corporation or other entity that entitle the holder to a pro rata share of the profits of the corporation, if any, without preference over any other shareholder or class of shareholders, including holders of the entity’s preferred stock and other senior equity. Common stock usually carries with it the right to vote and frequently an exclusive right to do so.

Preferred Stocks. The Underlying Funds may invest in preferred stocks, which are shares of a corporation or other entity that pay dividends at a specified rate and have precedence over common stock in the payment of dividends. If the corporation or other entity is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of owners of preferred stock will have precedence over the claims of owners of common stock, but not over the claims of owners of bonds. Some preferred stock dividends are non-cumulative, but some are “cumulative,” meaning that they require that all or a portion of prior unpaid dividends be paid to preferred stockholders before any dividends are paid to common stockholders. Certain preferred stock dividends are “participating” and include an entitlement to a dividend exceeding the specified dividend rate in certain cases. Investments in preferred stocks carry many of the same risks as investments in common stocks and debt securities.

Convertible Securities. The Underlying Funds may invest in convertible securities, which entitle the holder to acquire the issuer’s common stock by exchange or purchase for a predetermined rate. Convertible securities can be bonds, notes, debentures, preferred stock or other securities which are convertible into common stock. Convertible securities are subject both to the credit and interest rate risks associated with fixed income securities and to the stock market risk associated with equity securities. Convertible securities rank senior to common stocks in a corporation’s capital structure. They are consequently of higher quality and entail less risk than the corporation’s common stock, although the extent to which such risk is reduced depends in large measure upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed income security. The Underlying Funds may purchase convertible securities rated Ba or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), BB or lower by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group (“S&P”) or BB+ or lower by Fitch Investors Services, Inc. (“Fitch”) and may also purchase non-rated securities considered by the manager to be of comparable quality. Although the fund selects these securities primarily on the basis of their equity characteristics, investors should be aware that debt securities rated in these categories are considered high risk securities; the rating agencies consider them speculative, and payment of interest and principal is not considered well assured. To the extent that such convertible securities are acquired by the fund, there is a greater risk as to the timely payment of the principal of, and timely payment of interest or dividends on, such securities than in the case of higher rated convertible securities.

Warrants. The Underlying Funds may invest in warrants. Warrants are instruments which entitle the holder to buy an equity security at a specific price for a specific period of time. Changes in the value of a warrant do not necessarily correspond to changes in the value of its underlying security. The price of a warrant may be more volatile than the price of its underlying security, and a warrant may offer greater potential for capital appreciation as well as capital loss.

Real Estate Investment Trusts or “REITs”. The Underlying Equity Funds may invest in equity real estate investment trusts REITs. REITs are entities which either own properties or make construction or mortgage loans. Equity REITs own real estate directly and the value of, and income earned by, the trust depends upon the income of the underlying properties and the rental

 

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income they earn. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. An Underlying Fund’s investments in REITs are subject to the risks associated with particular properties and with the real estate market in general, including the risks of a general downturn in real estate values. The value of securities issued by REITs is affected by tax and regulatory requirements and by perceptions of management skill. An Underlying Fund’s investments in REITs is also subject to heavy cash flow dependency, or tenant defaults, self-liquidation, the possibility of failing to qualify for tax-free status under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and failing to maintain exemption from the 1940 Act. By investing in REITs indirectly through the Underlying Fund, a shareholder will bear expenses of the REITs in addition to expenses of the Underlying Fund.

Depositary Receipts. The Underlying Equity Funds may hold securities of foreign issuers in the form of American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) and European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), or other securities convertible into securities of eligible non-U.S. issuers. These securities may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the securities for which they may be exchanged. ADRs and ADSs typically are issued by an American bank or trust company and evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. EDRs, which are sometimes referred to as Continental Depositary Receipts (“CDRs”), are issued in Europe typically by foreign banks and trust companies and evidence ownership of either foreign or domestic securities. Generally, ADRs and ADSs in registered form are designed for use in United States securities markets and EDRs in bearer form are designed for use in European securities markets. GDRs allow companies in Europe, Asia, the United States and Latin America to offer shares in many markets around the world. GDRs are traded on major stock exchanges, particularly the London SEAQ International trading system. For purposes of an Underlying Fund’s investment policies, the Underlying Fund’s investments in ADRs, ADSs, GDRs and EDRs will be deemed to be investments in the equity securities representing securities of foreign issuers into which they may be converted.

ADR facilities may be established as either “unsponsored” or “sponsored.” While ADRs issued under these two types of facilities are in some respects similar, there are distinctions between them relating to the rights and obligations of ADR holders and the practices of market participants. A depositary may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by (or even necessarily the acquiescence of) the issuer of the deposited securities, although typically the depositary requests a letter of non–objection from such issuer prior to the establishment of the facility. Holders of unsponsored ADRs generally bear all the costs of such facilities. The depositary usually charges fees upon the deposit and withdrawal of the deposited securities, the conversion of dividends into U.S dollars, the disposition of non–cash distributions, and the performance of other services. The depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited securities or to pass through voting rights to ADR holders with respect to the deposited securities. Sponsored ADR facilities are created in generally the same manner as unsponsored facilities, except that the issuer of the deposited securities enters into a deposit agreement with the depositary. The deposit agreement sets out the rights and responsibilities of the issuer, the depositary and the ADR holders. With sponsored facilities, the issuer of the deposited securities generally will bear some of the costs relating to the facility (such as dividend payment fees of the depositary), although ADR holders continue to bear certain other costs (such as deposit and withdrawal fees). Under the terms of most sponsored arrangements, depositories agree to distribute notices of shareholder meetings and voting instructions, and to provide shareholder communications and other information to the ADR holders at the request of the issuer of the deposited securities. Unsponsored depositary receipts tend to trade over the counter, and are issued without the involvement of the underlying non-US company whose stock underlies the depositary receipts. Shareholder benefits, voting rights and other attached rights may not be extended to the holder of an unsponsored depositary receipt. The Underlying Funds may invest in sponsored and unsponsored ADRs.

Debt Instruments and Money Market Instruments

To the extent an Underlying Fund invests in the following types of debt securities, its net asset value may change as the general levels of interest rates fluctuate. When interest rates decline, the value of debt securities can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of debt securities can be expected to decline. An Underlying Fund’s investments in debt securities with longer terms to maturity are subject to greater volatility than an Underlying Fund’s shorter-term obligations. Debt securities may have all types of interest rate payment and reset terms, including fixed rate, adjustable rate, zero coupon, contingent, deferred, payment in kind and auction rate features.

U.S Government Obligations. The types of U.S government obligations the Underlying Funds may purchase include: (1) a variety of U.S Treasury obligations which differ only in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance: (a) U.S Treasury bills at time of issuance have maturities of one year or less, (b) U.S Treasury notes at time of issuance have maturities of one to ten years and (c) U.S Treasury bonds at time of issuance generally have maturities of greater than ten years; (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S government agencies and instrumentalities and supported by any of the following: (a) the full faith and credit of the U.S Treasury (such as Government National Mortgage Association participation certificates), (b) the right of the issuer to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of credit from the U.S Treasury, (c) discretionary authority of the U.S government agency or instrumentality or (d) the credit of the instrumentality (examples of agencies and instrumentalities are:

 

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Federal Land Banks, Farmers Home Administration, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Federal Home Loan Banks and Federal National Mortgage Association). No assurance can be given that the U.S government will provide financial support to such U.S government agencies or instrumentalities described in (2)(b), (2)(c) and (2)(d) in the future, other than as set forth above, since it is not obligated to do so by law. Accordingly, such U.S government obligations may involve risk of loss of principal and interest. The Underlying Funds may invest in fixed–rate and floating or variable rate U.S government obligations. The Underlying Funds may purchase U.S government obligations on a forward commitment basis.

The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may also purchase Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (“TIPS”). TIPS are U.S. Treasury securities issued at a fixed rate of interest but with principal adjusted every six months based on changes in the Consumer Price Index. As changes occur in the inflation rate, as represented by the designated index, the value of the security’s principal is adjusted by the same proportion. If the inflation rate falls, the principal value of the security will be adjusted downward, and consequently, the interest payable on the securities will be reduced.

STRIPS. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in STRIPS (Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities). STRIPS are created by separating the interest and principal components of an outstanding U.S Treasury or agency note or bond and selling them as individual securities. STRIPS generally trade like zero coupon securities, which do not pay interest periodically but accrue interest until maturity. STRIPS tend to be subject to the same risks as zero coupon securities. The market prices of STRIPS generally are more volatile than the market prices of securities with similar maturities that pay interest periodically and are likely to respond to changes in interest rates to a greater degree than do non-zero coupon securities having similar maturities and credit quality.

Repurchase Agreements. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may enter into repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is an agreement under which the Underlying Fund acquires a fixed income security from a commercial bank, broker or dealer and simultaneously agrees to resell such security to the seller at an agreed upon price and date (normally the next business day). The resale price reflects an agreed upon interest rate effective for the period the security is held by the Underlying Fund and is unrelated to the interest rate on the security. The securities acquired by the Underlying Fund constitute collateral for the repurchase obligation. In these transactions, the securities acquired by the Underlying Fund (including accrued interest earned thereon) must have a total value in excess of the value of the repurchase agreement and must be held by the custodian bank until repurchased. In addition, RIMCo will monitor the Underlying Fund’s repurchase agreement transactions generally and will evaluate the creditworthiness of any bank, broker or dealer party to a repurchase agreement with the Underlying Fund. Subject to the overall limitations described in “Illiquid Securities”, an Underlying Fund will not invest more than 15% of its net assets (taken at current market value) in repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days.

Risk Factors. The use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks. One risk is the seller’s ability to pay the agreed-upon repurchase price on the repurchase date. If the seller defaults, the Underlying Fund may incur costs in disposing of the collateral, which would reduce the amount realized thereon. If the seller seeks relief under bankruptcy laws, the disposition of the collateral may be delayed or limited. For example, if the other party to the agreement becomes insolvent and subject to liquidation or reorganization under bankruptcy or other laws, a court may determine that the underlying securities are collateral for a loan by the Underlying Fund not within its control and therefore the realization by the Underlying Fund on such collateral may be automatically stayed. It is possible that the Underlying Fund may not be able to substantiate its interest in the underlying securities and may be deemed an unsecured creditor of the other party to the agreement.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. A reverse repurchase agreement is a transaction whereby an Underlying Fund transfers possession of a portfolio security to a bank or broker–dealer in return for a percentage of the portfolio security’s market value. The Underlying Fund retains record ownership of the security involved including the right to receive interest and principal payments. At an agreed upon future date, the Underlying Fund repurchases the security by paying an agreed upon purchase price plus interest. Liquid assets of an Underlying Fund equal in value to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest, will be segregated on the Underlying Fund’s records while a reverse repurchase agreement is in effect.

Corporate Securities. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in debt securities, such as convertible and non-convertible bonds, preferred stock, notes and debentures, issued by corporations, limited partnerships and other similar entities. Investments in securities that are convertible into equity securities and preferred stock have characteristics of equity as well as debt securities, and their value may be dependent in part on the value of the issuer’s equity securities. The Underlying Funds may also invest in debt securities that are accompanied by warrants which are convertible into the issuer’s equity securities, which have similar characteristics. See “Equity Securities” above for a fuller description of convertible securities.

Zero Coupon Securities. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in zero coupon securities. Zero coupon securities are notes, bonds and debentures that (1) do not pay current interest and are issued at a substantial discount from par value, (2) have been stripped of their unmatured interest coupons and receipts or (3) pay no interest until a stated date one or more years

 

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into the future. These securities also include certificates representing interests in such stripped coupons and receipts. Zero coupon securities trade at a discount from their par value and are subject to greater fluctuations of market value in response to changing interest rates.

Mortgage–Related And Other Asset–Backed Securities. The forms of mortgage–related and other asset–backed securities the Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in include the securities described below:

Mortgage Pass–Through Securities. Mortgage pass–through securities are securities representing interests in “pools” of mortgages in which payments of both interest and principal on the securities are generally made monthly. The securities are “pass–through” securities because they provide investors with monthly payments of principal and interest which in effect are a “pass–through” of the monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on the underlying mortgages, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor. The principal governmental issuer of such securities is the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), which is a wholly owned U.S government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Government related issuers include the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), a corporate instrumentality of the United States created pursuant to an Act of Congress, and which is owned entirely by the Federal Home Loan Banks, and the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), a government sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders. Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass–through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may be the originators of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage–related securities.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations. Collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) are hybrid instruments with characteristics of both mortgage–backed bonds and mortgage pass–through securities. Similar to a bond, interest and pre–paid principal on a CMO are paid, in most cases, monthly. CMOs may be collateralized by whole mortgage loans but are more typically collateralized by portfolios of mortgage passthrough securities guaranteed by GNMA, FHLMC, or FNMA. CMOs are structured into multiple classes (or “tranches”), with each class bearing a different stated maturity.

Asset–Backed Securities. Asset–backed securities represent undivided fractional interests in pools of instruments, such as consumer loans, and are similar in structure to mortgage–related pass–through securities. Payments of principal and interest are passed through to holders of the securities and are typically supported by some form of credit enhancement, such as a letter of credit liquidity support, surety bond, limited guarantee by another entity or by priority to certain of the borrower’s other securities. The degree of enhancement varies, generally applying only until exhausted and covering only a fraction of the security’s par value. If the credit enhancement held by an Underlying Fund has been exhausted, and if any required payments of principal and interest are not made with respect to the underlying loans, the Underlying Fund may experience loss or delay in receiving payment and a decrease in the value of the security.

Collateralized Loan Obligations. The Fixed Income Funds may invest in collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”). CLOs are special purpose entities which are collateralized mainly by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and foreign senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. CLOs may charge management and other administrative fees. Payments of principal and interest are passed through to investors in a CLO and divided into several tranches of rated debt securities and typically at least one tranche of unrated subordinated securities, which may be debt or equity (“CLO Securities”). CLO Securities generally receive some variation of principal and/or interest installments and, with the exception of certain subordinated securities, bear different interest rates. If there are defaults or a CLO’s collateral otherwise underperforms, scheduled payments to senior tranches typically take priority over less senior tranches.

Risk Factors. Mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) often have stated maturities of up to thirty years when they are issued, depending upon the length of the mortgages underlying the securities. In practice, however, unscheduled or early payments of principal and interest on the underlying mortgages may make the securities’ effective maturity shorter than this, and the prevailing interest rates may be higher or lower than the current yield of an Underlying Fund’s portfolio at the time the Underlying Fund receives the payments for reinvestment. MBS may have less potential for capital appreciation than comparable fixed income securities due to the likelihood of increased prepayments of mortgages as interest rates decline. If an Underlying Fund buys MBS at a premium, mortgage foreclosures and prepayments of principal by mortgagors (which may be made at any time without penalty) may result in some loss of the Underlying Fund’s principal investment to the extent of the premium paid. The value of MBS may also change due to shifts in the market’s perception of issuers. In addition, regulatory or tax changes may adversely affect the mortgage securities markets as a whole. Non-governmental MBS may offer higher yields than those issued by government entities, but also may be subject to greater price changes than governmental issues.

Through its investments in MBS, including those that are issued by private issuers, an Underlying Fund may have some exposure to subprime loans as well as to the mortgage and credit markets generally. Private issuers include commercial banks, savings associations, mortgage companies, investment banking firms, finance companies and special purpose finance entities (called special purpose vehicles or SPVs) and other entities that acquire and package mortgage loans for resale as MBS. Unlike MBS issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or one of its sponsored entities, MBS issued by private issuers do not have a government or government-sponsored entity guarantee, but may have credit enhancements provided by external entities such as banks or financial institutions or achieved through the structuring of the transaction itself. Examples of such credit support arising out of the structure of the transaction include the issue of senior and subordinated securities (e.g., the issuance of securities by an SPV in multiple classes or “tranches”, with one or more classes being senior to other subordinated classes as to the payment of principal and interest, with the result that defaults on the underlying mortgage loans are borne first by the holders of the subordinated class); creation of “reserve funds” (in which case cash or investments, sometimes funded from a portion of the payments on the underlying mortgage loans, are held in reserve against future losses); and “overcollateralization” (in which case the scheduled payments on, or the principal amount of, the underlying mortgage loans exceeds that required to make payment of

 

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the securities and pay any servicing or other fees). However, there can be no guarantee that credit enhancements, if any, will be sufficient to prevent losses in the event of defaults on the underlying mortgage loans. In addition, MBS that are issued by private issuers are not subject to the underwriting requirements for the underlying mortgages that are applicable to those MBS that have a government or government-sponsored entity guarantee. As a result, the mortgage loans underlying private MBS may, and frequently do, have less favorable collateral, credit risk or other underwriting characteristics than government or government-sponsored MBS and have wider variances in a number of terms including interest rate, term, size, purpose and borrower characteristics. Privately issued pools more frequently include second mortgages, high loan-to-value mortgages and manufactured housing loans. The coupon rates and maturities of the underlying mortgage loans in a private-label MBS pool may vary to a greater extent than those included in a government guaranteed pool, and the pool may include subprime mortgage loans. Subprime loans refer to loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories or with a lower capacity to make timely payments on their loans. For these reasons, the loans underlying these securities have had in many cases higher default rates than those loans that meet government underwriting requirements. The risk of non-payment is greater for MBS that are backed by mortgage pools that contain subprime loans, but a level of risk exists for all loans. Privately issued MBS are not traded on an exchange and there may be a limited market for the securities, especially when there is a perceived weakness in the mortgage and real estate market sectors. Without an active trading market, MBS held in an Underlying Fund’s portfolio may be particularly difficult to value because of the complexities involved in assessing the value of the underlying mortgage loans.

Asset-backed securities may include pools of MBS, loans, receivables or other assets. Payment of principal and interest may be largely dependent upon the cash flows generated by the assets backing the securities. For purposes of determining the percentage of an Underlying Fund’s total assets invested in securities of issuers having their principal business activities in a particular industry, asset-backed securities will be classified separately, based on the nature of the underlying assets, according to the following categories: captive auto, diversified, retail and consumer loans, captive equipment and business, business trade receivables, nuclear fuel and capital and mortgage lending. Asset-backed securities (other than mortgage-backed securities) present certain risks that are not presented by mortgage-backed securities. Primarily, these securities may not have the benefit of any security interest in the related assets. Credit card receivables are generally unsecured and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which give such debtors the right to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thereby reducing the balance due. There is the possibility that recoveries on repossessed collateral may not, in some cases, be available to support payments on these securities. Asset-backed securities are often backed by a pool of assets representing the obligations of a number of different parties. To lessen the effect of failures by obligors on underlying assets to make payments, the securities may contain elements of credit support which fall into two categories: (i) liquidity protection, and (ii) protection against losses resulting from ultimate default by an obligor on the underlying assets. Liquidity protection refers to the provision of advances, generally by the entity administering the pool of assets, to ensure that the receipt of payments on the underlying pool occurs in a timely fashion. Protection against losses results from payment of the insurance obligations on at least a portion of the assets in the pool. This protection may be provided through guarantees, policies or letters of credit obtained by the issuer or sponsor from third parties, through various means of structuring the transaction or through a combination of such approaches. The Underlying Funds will not pay any additional or separate fees for credit support. The degree of credit support provided for each issue is generally based on historical information respecting the level of credit risk associated with the underlying assets. Delinquency or loss in excess of that anticipated or failure of the credit support could adversely affect the return on an investment in such a security. The availability of asset-backed securities may be affected by legislative or regulatory developments. It is possible that such developments may require the Underlying Funds to dispose of any then existing holdings of such securities.

Risk Factors. In addition to normal risks associated with debt obligations and fixed income and/or asset-backed securities as discussed elsewhere in this Statement of Additional Information and the Prospectus (e.g., credit risk, interest rate risk, market risk, default risk and prepayment risk), CLOs carry additional risks including, but not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments and one or more tranches may be subject to up to 100% loss of invested capital; (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default; (iii) the Fixed Income Funds may invest in CLOs that are subordinate to other classes; and (iv) the complex structure of the security may not be fully understood at the time of investment and may produce disputes with the issuer or unexpected investment results.

A CLO’s investments in its underlying assets may be CLO Securities that are privately placed and thus are subject to restrictions on transfer to meet securities law and other legal requirements. In the event that any Fixed Income Fund does not satisfy certain of the applicable transfer restrictions at any time that it holds CLO Securities, it may be forced to sell the related CLO Securities and may suffer a loss on sale. CLO Securities generally will be considered illiquid as there may be no secondary market for the CLO Securities.

Structured Investment Vehicles. Certain investments in derivatives, including structured instruments as well as investments in mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities, involve the purchase of securities from structured investment vehicles (SIVs). SIVs are legal entities that are sponsored by banks, broker-dealers or other financial firms specifically created for the purpose of issuing particular securities or instruments. SIVs are often leveraged and securities issued by SIVs may have differing credit ratings. Investments in SIVs present counterparty risks, although they may be subject to a guarantee or other financial support by the sponsoring entity. Investments in SIVs may be more volatile, less liquid and more difficult to price accurately than other types of investments.

Because SIVs depend on short-term funding through the issuance of new debt, if there is a slowdown in issuing new debt or a smaller market of purchasers of the new debt, the SIVs may have to liquidate assets at a loss. Also, with respect to SIVs assets in finance companies, the Underlying Fund may have significant exposure to the financial services market which, depending on market conditions, could have a negative impact on the Underlying Fund.

Loans and Other Direct Indebtedness. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may purchase loans or other direct indebtedness, or participations in loans or other direct indebtedness, that entitles the acquiror of such interest to payments of interest, principal and/or other amounts due under the structure of the loan or other direct indebtedness. In addition to being structured as secured or unsecured, such investments could be structured as novations or assignments or represent trade or other claims owed by a company to a supplier. Loan participations typically represent direct participation in a loan to a corporate borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates.

 

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Risk Factors. Loans and other direct indebtedness involve the risk that an Underlying Fund will not receive payment of principal, interest and other amounts due in connection with these investments and will depend primarily on the financial condition of the borrower. Loans that are fully secured offer an Underlying Fund more protection than an unsecured loan in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal, although there is no assurance that the liquidation of collateral from a secured loan would satisfy the corporate borrower’s obligation, or that the collateral can be liquidated. Some loans or claims may be in default at the time of purchase. Certain of the loans and the other direct indebtedness acquired by an Underlying Fund may involve revolving credit facilities or other standby financing commitments which obligate an Underlying Fund to pay additional cash on a certain date or on demand. These commitments may require an Underlying Fund to increase its investment in a company at a time when that Underlying Fund might not otherwise decide to do so (including at a time when the company’s financial condition makes it unlikely that such amounts will be repaid). To the extent that an Underlying Fund is committed to advance additional funds, it will at all times hold and maintain in a segregated account cash or other high-grade debt obligations in an amount sufficient to meet such commitments.

As an Underlying Fund may be required to rely upon another lending institution to collect and pass onto the Underlying Fund amounts payable with respect to the loan and to enforce the Underlying Fund’s rights under the loan and other direct indebtedness, an insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of the lending institution may delay or prevent the Underlying Fund from receiving such amounts. The highly leveraged nature of many such loans and other direct indebtedness may make such loans and other direct indebtedness especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. Investments in such loans and other direct indebtedness may involve additional risk to the Underlying Fund.

In purchasing loans or loan participations, an Underlying Fund assumes the credit risk associated with the corporate buyer and may assume the credit risk associated with the interposed bank or other financial intermediary. The participation may not be rated by a nationally recognized rating service. Further, loan participations may not be readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. Loan participations are generally illiquid investments and are priced through a nationally recognized pricing service which determines loan prices by surveying available dealer quotations. If the corporate borrower defaults on its obligations, an Underlying Fund may end up owning the underlying collateral.

Brady Bonds. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in Brady Bonds, the products of the “Brady Plan,” under which bonds are issued in exchange for cash and certain of a country’s outstanding commercial bank loans. The Brady Plan offers relief to debtor countries that have effected substantial economic reforms. Specifically, debt reduction and structural reform are the main criteria countries must satisfy in order to obtain Brady Plan status. Brady Bonds may be collateralized or uncollateralized, are issued in various currencies (primarily U.S–dollar) and are actively traded on the over–the–counter market.

Bank Instruments. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in bank instruments, which include Eurodollar certificates of deposit (“ECDs”), Eurodollar time deposits (“ETDs”) and Yankee Certificates of Deposit (“Yankee CDs”). Risk Factors. ECDs, ETDs, and Yankee CDs are subject to somewhat different risks from the obligations of domestic banks. ECDs are U.S dollar denominated certificates of deposit issued by foreign branches of U.S and foreign banks; ETDs are U.S dollar denominated time deposits in a foreign branch of a U.S bank or a foreign bank; and Yankee CDs are certificates of deposit issued by a U.S branch of a foreign bank denominated in U.S dollars and held in the United States. Different risks may also exist for ECDs, ETDs, and Yankee CDs because the banks issuing these instruments, or their domestic or foreign branches, are not necessarily subject to the same regulatory requirements that apply to domestic banks, such as reserve requirements, loan limitations, examinations, accounting, auditing and recordkeeping, and the public availability of information.

High Risk Bonds. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest their assets in securities rated BBB– or higher by S&P, Baa3 or higher by Moody’s or BBB or higher by Fitch, or in unrated securities judged by the money managers to be of higher credit quality than those designations. Securities rated BBB– by S&P, Baa3 by Moody’s or BBB by Fitch are the lowest ratings which are considered “investment grade,” although Moody’s considers securities rated Baa3, S&P considers bonds rated BBB– and Fitch considers bonds rated BBB, to have some speculative characteristics. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may be required by their prospectus or investment guidelines to dispose of, in a prudent and orderly fashion, a security if its ratings drop below these minimum ratings.

Risks Factors. These lower rated debt securities are commonly referred to as “junk bonds.” Lower rated debt securities, or junk bonds, generally offer a higher yield than that available from higher grade issues but involve higher risks because they are especially subject to adverse changes in general economic conditions and in the industries in which the issuers are engaged, to changes in the financial condition of the issuers and to price fluctuation in response to changes in interest rates. During periods of economic downturn or rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers may experience financial stress which could adversely affect

 

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their ability to make payments of principal and interest and increase the possibility of default. Conversely, periods of economic expansion or falling interest rates enhance the ability of issuers to make payments of principal and interest and decrease the possibility of default. The market for lower rated debt securities is generally thinner and less active than that for higher quality securities, which would limit an Underlying Fund’s ability to sell such securities at fair value in response to changes in the economy or the financial markets. While such debt may have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposure to adverse conditions.

Securities rated BBB– by S&P Baa3 by Moody’s or BBB by Fitch may involve greater risks than securities in higher rating categories. Securities receiving S&P’s BBB– rating are regarded as having adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Such securities typically exhibit adequate investor protections but adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category than in higher rating categories. For further description of the various rating categories, see “Ratings of Debt Instruments.”

Securities possessing Moody’s Baa3 rating are considered medium grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security is judged adequate for the present, but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such securities lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact may have speculative characteristics as well.

Securities possessing Fitch’s BBB rating indicate that there are currently expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse changes in circumstances and economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment grade category.

Lower rated debt securities may be more susceptible to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions than investment grade securities. The prices of low rated debt securities have been found to be less sensitive to interest rate changes than investment grade securities, but more sensitive to economic downturns, individual corporate developments, and price fluctuations in response to changing interest rates. A projection of an economic downturn or of a period of rising interest rates, for example, could cause a sharper decline in the prices of low rated debt securities because the advent of a recession could lessen the ability of a highly leveraged company to make principal and interest payments on its debt securities. If the issuer of low rated debt securities defaults, an Underlying Fund may incur additional expenses to seek financial recovery.

In addition, the markets in which low rated debt securities are traded are generally thinner, more limited and less active than those for higher rated securities. The existence of limited markets for particular securities may diminish an Underlying Fund’s ability to sell the securities at fair value either to meet redemption requests or to respond to changes in the economy or in the financial markets and could adversely affect and cause fluctuations in the daily net asset value of the Underlying Fund’s Shares.

Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of low rated debt securities, especially in a thinly traded market. Analysis of the creditworthiness of issuers of low rated securities may be more complex than for issuers of other investment grade securities, and the ability of an Underlying Fund to achieve its investment objectives may be more dependent on credit analysis than would be the case if the Underlying Fund was investing only in investment grade securities.

The money managers of the Underlying Funds may use ratings to assist in investment decisions. Ratings of debt securities represent a rating agency’s opinion regarding their quality and are not a guarantee of quality. Rating agencies attempt to evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments and do not evaluate the risks of fluctuations in market value. Also, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes in credit ratings in response to subsequent events, so that an issuer’s current financial condition may be better or worse than a rating indicates.

Municipal Debt Instruments

Municipal Obligations and Bonds. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in “municipal obligations.” Municipal obligations are debt obligations issued by states, territories and possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia and their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities, or multi–state agencies or authorities the interest from which may be exempt from federal income tax in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer. Municipal obligations include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes and certain industrial development bonds issued by or on behalf of public authorities. Municipal obligations are classified as general obligation bonds, revenue bonds and notes. Municipal bonds generally have maturities of more than one year when issued and have two principal classifications –– General Obligation Bonds and Revenue Bonds.

 

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General Obligation Bonds – are secured by the issuer’s pledge of its faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest.

Revenue Bonds – are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or group of facilities or from the proceeds of special excise or other specific revenue service.

Industrial Development Bonds – are a type of revenue bond and do not generally constitute the pledge of credit of the issuer of such bonds but rather the pledge of credit by the core obligor. The payment of the principal and interest on such bonds is dependent on the facility’s user to meet its financial obligations and the pledge, if any, of real and personal property financed as security for such payment. Industrial development bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to raise money to finance public and private facilities for business, manufacturing, housing, ports, pollution control, airports, mass transit and other similar type projects.

Municipal Notes. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in municipal notes. Municipal notes generally have maturities of one year or less when issued and are used to satisfy short–term capital needs. Municipal notes include:

Tax Anticipation Notes – issued to finance working capital needs of municipalities and are generally issued in anticipation of future tax revenues.

Bond Anticipation Notes – issued in expectation of a municipality issuing a long–term bond in the future. Usually the long–term bonds provide the money for the repayment of the notes.

Revenue Anticipation Notes – issued in expectation of receipt of other types of revenues such as certain federal revenues.

Construction Loan Notes – sold to provide construction financing and may be insured by the Federal Housing Administration. After completion of the project, FNMA or GNMA frequently provides permanent financing.

Pre-Refunded Municipal Bonds – bonds no longer secured by the credit of the issuing entity, having been escrowed with U.S Treasury securities as a result of a refinancing by the issuer. The bonds are escrowed for retirement either at original maturity or at an earlier call date.

Tax Free Commercial Paper – a promissory obligation issued or guaranteed by a municipal issuer and frequently accompanied by a letter of credit of a commercial bank. It is used by agencies of state and local governments to finance seasonal working capital needs, or as short–term financing in anticipation of long–term financing.

Variable Rate Demand Notes – long term, taxable, or tax-exempt bonds issued on a variable rate basis that can be tendered for purchase at par whenever rates reset upon contractual notice by the investor. The bonds tendered are then resold by the remarketing agent in the secondary market to other investors. Variable Rate Demand Notes can be converted to a long term fixed rate security upon appropriate notice by the issuer. The Underlying Funds’ money managers will continually monitor the pricing, quality and liquidity of the floating and variable rate demand instruments held by the Underlying Funds.

Tax Free Participation Certificates – tax free floating, or variable rate demand notes which are issued by a municipal or governmental entity that sells a participation in the note. The Underlying Funds’ money managers will continually monitor the pricing, quality and liquidity of the floating and variable rate demand instruments held by the Underlying Funds, including the participation certificates.

A participation certificate gives an Underlying Fund an undivided interest in the municipal obligation in the proportion that the Underlying Fund’s participation interest bears to the total principal amount of the municipal obligation and provides the demand feature described below. Each participation is backed by: an irrevocable letter of credit or guaranty of a bank which may be the bank issuing the participation certificate, a bank issuing a confirming letter of credit to that of the issuing bank, or a bank serving as agent of the issuing bank with respect to the possible repurchase of the certificate of participation; or an insurance policy of an insurance company that the money manager has determined meets the prescribed quality standards for the Underlying Fund. The Underlying Fund has the right to sell the participation certificate back to the institution and draw on the letter of credit or insurance on demand after thirty days’ notice for all or any part of the full principal amount of the Underlying Fund’s participation interest in the security plus accrued interest. The Underlying Funds’ money managers intend to exercise the demand feature only (1) upon a default under the terms of the bond documents, (2) as needed to provide liquidity to the Underlying Funds in order to make redemptions of Fund Shares, or (3) to maintain the required quality of its investment portfolios. The institutions issuing the participation certificates will retain a service and letter of credit fee and a fee for providing the demand feature, in an amount equal to the excess of the interest paid on the instruments over the negotiated yield at which the participations

 

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were purchased by an Underlying Fund. The total fees generally range from 5% to 15% of the applicable prime rate or other interest rate index. The Underlying Fund will attempt to have the issuer of the participation certificate bear the cost of the insurance. The Underlying Fund retains the option to purchase insurance if necessary, in which case the cost of insurance will be a capitalized expense of the Underlying Fund.

Demand Notes. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may purchase obligations with the right to a “put” or “stand-by commitment.” A “put” on a municipal obligation obligates the seller of the put to buy within a specified time and at an agreed upon price a municipal obligation the put is issued with. A stand-by commitment is a commitment by an underwriter to purchase for resale any part of a new issue offered to current shareholders in a rights offering which remains unsubscribed.

The Underlying Funds will enter into puts and stand-by commitments with institutions such as banks and broker–dealers that the Underlying Funds’ money managers continually believe satisfy the Underlying Funds’ credit quality requirements.

Risk Factors. The ability of the Underlying Funds to exercise the put and stand-by commitment may depend on the seller’s ability to purchase the securities at the time the put or stand-by commitment is exercised or on certain restrictions in the buy back arrangement. Such restrictions may prohibit the Underlying Funds from exercising the put or stand-by commitment except to maintain portfolio flexibility and liquidity. In the event the seller would be unable to honor a put or stand-by commitment for financial reasons, the Underlying Funds may, in the opinion of Underlying Funds’ management, be a general creditor of the seller. There may be certain restrictions in the buy back arrangement which may not obligate the seller to repurchase the securities. (See, “Certain Investments – Municipal Notes – Tax Free Participation Certificates.”)

The Underlying Funds may purchase from issuers floating or variable rate municipal obligations some of which are subject to payment of principal by the issuer on demand by the Underlying Funds (usually not more than thirty days’ notice). The Underlying Funds may also purchase floating or variable rate municipal obligations or participations therein from banks, insurance companies or other financial institutions which are owned by such institutions or affiliated organizations. Each participation is usually backed by an irrevocable letter of credit, or guaranty of a bank or insurance policy of an insurance company.

Variable Amount Master Demand Notes. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in variable amount master demand notes. Variable amount master demand notes are unsecured obligations redeemable upon notice that permit investment of fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to direct arrangements with the issuer of the instrument. A variable amount master demand note differs from ordinary commercial paper in that (1) it is issued pursuant to a written agreement between the issuer and the holders, (2) its amount may, from time to time, be increased (may be subject to an agreed maximum) or decreased by the holder of the issue, (3) it is payable on demand, (4) its rate of interest payable varies with an agreed upon formula and (5) it is not typically rated by a rating agency.

Variable And Floating Rate Securities. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in variable and floating rate securities. A floating rate security is one whose terms provide for the automatic adjustment of an interest rate whenever the specified interest rate changes. A variable rate security is one whose terms provide for the automatic establishment of a new interest rate on set dates. The interest rate on floating rate securities is ordinarily tied to and is a specified margin above or below the prime rate of a specified bank or some similar objective standard, such as the yield on the 90–day U.S Treasury Bill rate, and may change as often as daily. Generally, changes in interest rates on variable and floating rate securities will reduce changes in the securities’ market value from the original purchase price resulting in the potential for capital appreciation or capital depreciation being less than for fixed–income obligations with a fixed interest rate.

The Underlying Funds may purchase variable rate U.S government obligations which are instruments issued or guaranteed by the U.S government, or an agency or instrumentality thereof, which have a rate of interest subject to adjustment at regular intervals but no less frequently than every 762 days. Variable rate U.S government obligations whose interest rates are readjusted no less frequently than every 762 days will be deemed to have a maturity equal to the period remaining until the next readjustment of the interest rate.

Commercial Paper. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in commercial paper, which consists of short-term (usually 1 to 270 days) unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations in order to finance their current operations.

Indexed Commercial Paper. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in indexed commercial paper, which is U.S–dollar denominated commercial paper the yield of which is linked to certain foreign exchange rate movements. The yield to the investor on indexed commercial paper is established at maturity as a function of spot exchange rates between the U.S dollar and a designated currency as of or about that time. The yield to the investor will be within a range stipulated at the time of purchase of the obligation, generally with a guaranteed minimum rate of return that is below, and a potential maximum rate of return that is

 

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above, market yields on U.S–dollar denominated commercial paper, with both the minimum and maximum rates of return on the investment corresponding to the minimum and maximum values of the spot exchange rate two business days prior to maturity. While such commercial paper entails risk of loss of principal, the potential risk for realizing gains as a result of changes in foreign currency exchange rates enables an Underlying Fund to hedge (or cross–hedge) against a decline in the U.S dollar value of investments denominated in foreign currencies while providing an attractive money market rate of return.

Credit And Liquidity Enhancements. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in securities supported by credit and liquidity enhancements from third parties, generally letters of credit from foreign or domestic banks. Liquidity enhancements may be used to shorten the maturity of the debt obligation through a demand feature. Adverse changes in the credit quality of these institutions could cause losses to Underlying Funds that invest in these securities and may affect their share price.

Funding Agreements. The Underlying Fixed Income Funds may invest in various types of funding agreements. A funding agreement is an obligation of indebtedness negotiated privately between an investor and an insurance company. A funding agreement has a fixed maturity date and may have either a fixed or variable interest rate that is based on an index and guaranteed for a set time period. Because there is normally no secondary market for these investments, funding agreements purchased by the Underlying Fund may be regarded as illiquid and therefore will be subject to the Underlying Fund’s limitation on illiquid investments.

Other Financial Instruments Including Derivatives

Options, Futures and Other Financial Instruments. The Underlying Funds may use various types of financial instruments, some of which are derivatives, to attempt to manage the risk of the Underlying Fund’s investment or, in certain circumstances, for investment (e.g. as a substitute for investing in securities). These financial instruments include options, futures, forward contracts and swaps. Positions in these financial instruments, other than purchased options, expose an Underlying Fund to an obligation to another party. The Underlying Funds will not enter into any such transaction unless it owns (1) an offsetting (“covered”) position in securities, currencies or other options, futures contracts or forward contracts or (2) cash or liquid assets with a value, marked to market daily, sufficient to cover their obligations to the extent not covered as provided in (1) above. The Underlying Funds will comply with SEC guidelines regarding cover for these instruments and will, if the guidelines so require, designate the prescribed amount of cash or liquid assets as segregated.

Assets used as cover or held as segregated cannot be sold while the position in the corresponding financial instrument is open unless they are replaced with other appropriate assets.

Options And Futures. The Underlying Funds may purchase and sell (write) both call and put options on securities, securities indexes, and foreign currencies, and enter into interest rate, foreign currency and index futures contracts and purchase and sell options on such futures contracts for hedging purposes or to effect investment transactions consistent with an Underlying Fund’s investment objective and strategies. If other types of options, futures contracts, or options on futures contracts are traded in the future, the Underlying Funds may also use those instruments, provided that their use is consistent with the Underlying Funds’ investment objectives, and provided that their use is consistent with restrictions applicable to options and futures contracts currently eligible for use by the Underlying Funds (i.e., that written call or put options will be “covered” or “secured” and that futures and options on futures contracts will be for the purposes of hedging or effecting an Underlying Fund’s permitted investment strategies, provided that initial margin and premiums required to establish such non-hedging positions will not exceed 5% of the Underlying Fund’s net assets).

Options On Securities And Indexes. Each Underlying Fund may purchase and write both call and put options on securities and securities indexes in standardized contracts traded on foreign or national securities exchanges, boards of trade, or similar entities, or quoted on NASDAQ or on a regulated foreign or national over–the–counter market, and agreements, sometimes called cash puts, which may accompany the purchase of a new issue of bonds from a dealer. The Underlying Funds intend to treat options in respect of specific securities that are not traded on a national securities exchange and the securities underlying covered call options as not readily marketable and therefore subject to the limitations on the Underlying Funds’ ability to hold illiquid securities. The Underlying Funds intend to purchase and write call and put options on specific securities.

Exchange listed options are issued by a regulated intermediary, such as the Options Clearing Corporation (“OCC”), which guarantees the performance of the obligations of the parties to such options. This discussion uses the OCC as an example but is also applicable to other financial intermediaries. With certain exceptions, OCC issued and exchange listed options generally settle by physical delivery of the underlying security or currency, although cash settlements may sometimes be available. Index options and Eurodollar instruments are cash settled for the net amount, if any, by which the option is “in the money” (i.e. where the value of the underlying instruments exceeds, in the case of a call option, or is less than, in the case of a put option, the exercise price of the option) at the time the option is exercised. Frequently, rather than taking or making delivery of the underlying instrument through the process of exercising the option, listed options are closed by entering into offsetting purchase or sale transactions that do not result in ownership of the new option.

 

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An Underlying Fund’s ability to close out its position as a purchaser or seller of an OCC or exchange listed put or call option is dependent, in part, upon the liquidity of the option market. If one or more exchanges decide to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), the relevant market for that option on that exchange would cease to exist, although outstanding options on that exchange would generally continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.

Over–the–counter options (“OTC Options”) are purchased from or sold to securities dealers, financial institutions or other parties (“Counterparties”) through a direct bilateral agreement with the Counterparty. In contrast to exchange listed options, which generally have standardized terms and performance mechanics, all the terms of an OTC Option, including such terms as method of settlement, term, exercise price, premium, guarantees and security, are set by negotiation of the parties. The staff of the SEC takes the position that OTC options and the assets used as “cover” for written OTC options are illiquid.

Unless the parties provide for it, there is no central clearing or guaranty function in an OTC Option. As a result, if the Counterparty fails to make or take delivery of the security, currency or other instrument underlying an OTC Option it has entered into with an Underlying Fund or fails to make a cash settlement payment due in accordance with the terms of that option, the Underlying Fund will lose any premium paid for the option and any anticipated benefits of the transaction. Accordingly, RIMCo or the money manager must assess the creditworthiness of each such Counterparty or any guarantor or credit enhancement of the Counterparty’s credit to determine the likelihood that the terms of the OTC Option will be satisfied. An Underlying Fund will engage in OTC Option transactions only with U.S Government securities dealers recognized by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as “primary dealers” or broker/dealers, domestic or foreign banks or other financial institutions that have received (or the guarantors or the obligations of which have received) a short term credit rating of A–1 from S&P or P–1 from Moody’s or an equivalent rating from any nationally recognized statistical rating organization or, in the case of OTC currency transactions, determined to be of equivalent credit by RIMCo or the money manager for the Underlying Fund.

An option on a security (or securities index) is a contract that gives the purchaser of the option, in return for a premium, the right (but not the obligation) to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the security underlying the option at a specified exercise price at any time during the option period. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the underlying security upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the underlying security. Upon exercise, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier (established by the exchange upon which the stock index is traded) for the index option. (An index is designed to reflect specified facets of a particular financial or securities market, a specified group of financial instruments or securities, or certain economic indicators.) Options on securities indexes are similar to options on specific securities except that settlement is in cash and gains and losses depend on price movements in the stock market generally (or in a particular industry or segment of the market), rather than price movements in the specific security.

An Underlying Fund may purchase a call option on securities to protect against substantial increases in prices of securities the Underlying Fund intends to purchase pending its ability or desire to purchase such securities in an orderly manner or employed as a cost-efficient alternative to acquiring the securities for which the option is intended to serve as a proxy. An Underlying Fund may purchase a put option on securities to protect holdings in an underlying or related security against a substantial decline in market value. Securities are considered related if their price movements generally correlate to one another.

An Underlying Fund will write call options and put options only if they are “covered.” In the case of a call option on a security, the option is “covered” if the Underlying Fund owns the security underlying the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, liquid assets in such amount are segregated) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held by the Underlying Fund. For a call option on an index, the option is covered if the Underlying Fund maintains liquid assets equal to the contract value. A call option is also covered if the Underlying Fund holds a call on the same security or index as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is (1) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (2) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Underlying Fund in liquid segregated assets. A put option on a security or an index is “covered” if the Underlying Fund maintains liquid segregated assets equal to the exercise price. A put option is also covered if the Underlying Fund holds a put on the same security or index as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is (1) equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or (2) less than the exercise price of the put written, provided the difference is maintained by the Underlying Fund in liquid segregated assets.

If an option written by an Underlying Fund expires, the Underlying Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If an option purchased by an Underlying Fund expires unexercised, the Underlying Fund realizes a capital loss (long or short–term depending on whether the Underlying Fund’s holding period for the option is greater than one year) equal to the premium paid.

 

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To close out a position when writing covered options, an Underlying Fund may make a “closing purchase transaction,” which involves purchasing an option on the same security with the same exercise price and expiration date as the option which it previously wrote on the security. To close out a position as a purchaser of an option, an Underlying Fund may make a “closing sale transaction,” which involves liquidating the Underlying Fund’s position by selling the option previously purchased. The Underlying Fund will realize a profit or loss from a closing purchase or sale transaction depending upon the difference between the amount paid to purchase an option and the amount received from the sale thereof.

Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, underlying security or index, exercise price and expiration). There can be no assurance, however, that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when the Underlying Fund desires.

An Underlying Fund will realize a capital gain from a closing transaction on an option it has written if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, the Underlying Fund will realize a capital loss. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Underlying Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Underlying Fund will realize a capital loss. With respect to closing transactions on purchased options, the capital gain or loss realized will be short or long–term depending on the holding period of the option closed out. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price of the underlying security or index in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the underlying security or index, and the time remaining until the expiration date.

The premium paid for a put or call option purchased by an Underlying Fund is an asset of the Underlying Fund. The premium received for an option written by an Underlying Fund is recorded as a liability. The value of an option purchased or written is marked–to–market daily and is valued at the closing price on the exchange on which it is traded or, if not traded on an exchange or no closing price is available, at the last bid.

Risks Factors. There are several risks associated with transactions in options on securities and on indexes. For example, there are significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use options involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well–conceived transaction may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected events.

If a put or call option purchased by an Underlying Fund is not sold when it has remaining value, and if the market price of the underlying security, in the case of a put, remains equal to or greater than the exercise price or, in the case of a call, remains less than or equal to the exercise price, the Underlying Fund will lose its entire investment (i.e., the premium paid) on the option. Also, where a put or call option on a particular security is purchased to hedge against price movements in a related security, the price of the put or call option may move more or less than the price of the related security.

There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist when an Underlying Fund seeks to close out an option position. If an Underlying Fund were unable to close out an option that it had purchased on a security, it would have to exercise the option in order to realize any profit or the option may expire worthless. If an Underlying Fund were unable to close out a covered call option that it had written on a security, it would not be able to sell the underlying security unless the option expired without exercise.

As the writer of a covered call option, an Underlying Fund forgoes, during the option’s life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the underlying security above the exercise price, but, as long as its obligation as a writer continues, has retained a risk of loss should the price of the underlying security decline. Where an Underlying Fund writes a put option, it is exposed during the term of the option to a decline in the price of the underlying security.

If trading were suspended in an option purchased by an Underlying Fund, the Underlying Fund would not be able to close out the option. If restrictions on exercise were imposed, the Underlying Fund might be unable to exercise an option it has purchased. Except to the extent that a call option on an index written by the Underlying Fund is covered by an option on the same index purchased by the Underlying Fund, movements in the index may result in a loss to the Underlying Fund; however, such losses may be mitigated by changes in the value of the Underlying Fund’s securities during the period the option was outstanding.

Options On Foreign Currency. An Underlying Fund may buy and sell put and call options on foreign currencies either on exchanges or in the over–the–counter market for the purpose of hedging against changes in future currency exchange rates or to effect investment transactions consistent with an Underlying Fund’s investment objective and strategies. Call options convey the

 

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right to buy the underlying currency at a price which is expected to be lower than the spot price of the currency at the time the option expires. Put options convey the right to sell the underlying currency at a price which is anticipated to be higher than the spot price of the currency at the time the option expires. Currency options traded on U.S or other exchanges may be subject to position limits which may limit the ability of an Underlying Fund to reduce foreign currency risk using such options. Over–the–counter options differ from traded options in that they are two–party contracts with price and other terms negotiated between buyer and seller, and generally do not have as much market liquidity as exchange–traded options.

Futures Contracts And Options On Futures Contracts. An Underlying Fund may invest in interest rate futures contracts, foreign currency futures contracts, Euro dollar futures or stock index futures contracts, and options thereon that are traded on a U.S or foreign exchange or board of trade or over–the–counter. An interest rate, foreign currency or index futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified quantity of financial instruments (such as GNMA certificates or Treasury bonds) or foreign currency or the cash value of an index at a specified price at a future date. A futures contract on an index (such as the S&P 500®) is an agreement between two parties (buyer and seller) to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the index contract was originally written. In the case of futures contracts traded on U.S exchanges, the exchange itself or an affiliated clearing corporation assumes the opposite side of each transaction (i.e., as buyer or seller). A futures contract may be satisfied or closed out by delivery or purchase, as the case may be, of the financial instrument or by payment of the change in the cash value of the index. Although the value of an index may be a function of the value of certain specified securities, no physical delivery of these securities is made. A public market exists in futures contracts covering several indexes as well as a number of financial instruments and foreign currencies. For example: the S&P 500®; the Russell 2000®; Nikkei 225; CAC–40; FT–SE 100; the NYSE composite; U.S Treasury bonds; U.S Treasury notes; GNMA Certificates; three–month U.S Treasury bills; Eurodollar certificates of deposit; the Australian Dollar; the Canadian Dollar; the British Pound; the German Mark; the Japanese Yen; the French Franc; the Swiss Franc; the Mexican Peso; and certain multinational currencies, such as the European Currency Unit (“ECU”). It is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future. Euro dollar futures are typically dollar-denominated futures contracts or options on those contracts that are linked to the LIBOR. In addition, foreign currency denominated instruments are available from time to time. Euro dollar futures contracts enable purchasers to obtain a fixed rate for the lending of funds and sellers to obtain a fixed rate for borrowings. A fund might use Euro dollar futures contracts and options thereon to hedge against changes in LIBOR, to which many interest rate swaps and fixed income instruments are linked.

Frequently, using futures to affect a particular strategy instead of using the underlying or related security or index will result in lower transaction costs being incurred.

Each Underlying Fund may also purchase and write call and put options on futures contracts. Options on futures contracts possess many of the same characteristics as options on securities and indexes (discussed above). A futures option gives the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a long position (in the case of a call) or short position (in the case of a put) in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of a call option, the holder acquires a long position in the futures contract and the writer is assigned the opposite short position. In the case of a put option, the opposite is true. An option on a futures contract may be closed out (before exercise or expiration) by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option on a futures contract of the same series.

There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at a time when an Underlying Fund seeks to close out a futures contract or a futures option position. Most futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single day; once the daily limit has been reached on a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit. In addition, certain of these instruments are relatively new and without a significant trading history. As a result, there is no assurance that an active secondary market will develop or continue to exist. Lack of a liquid market for any reason may prevent an Underlying Fund from liquidating an unfavorable position and the Underlying Fund would remain obligated to meet margin requirements until the position is closed.

An Underlying Fund will only enter into futures contracts or options on futures contracts which are standardized and traded on a U.S or foreign exchange or board of trade, or similar entity, or quoted on an automated quotation system. An Underlying Fund will enter into a futures contract only if the contract is “covered” or if the Underlying Fund at all times maintains liquid segregated assets equal to or greater than the fluctuating value of the contract (less any margin or deposit). An Underlying Fund will write a call or put option on a futures contract only if the option is “covered.” For a discussion of how to cover a written call or put option, see “Options on Securities and Indexes” above.

An Underlying Fund may enter into futures contracts and options on futures contracts for “bona fide hedging” purposes, as defined under the rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”). An Underlying Fund may also enter into futures contracts and options on futures contracts for non hedging purposes provided the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish such non-hedging positions will not exceed 5% of the Underlying Fund’s net assets.

 

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Each Underlying Fund will limit its use of futures contracts and options on futures contracts to hedging transactions and, within such 5% limits, to effect investment transactions consistent with an Underlying Fund’s investment objective and strategies. For example, an Underlying Fund might use futures contracts to hedge against anticipated changes in interest rates that might adversely affect either the value of the Underlying Fund’s securities or the price of the securities which the Underlying Fund intends to purchase. Additionally, an Underlying Fund may use futures contracts to create equity exposure for its cash reserves for liquidity purposes.

When a purchase or sale of a futures contract is made by an Underlying Fund, the Underlying Fund is required to deposit with the broker a specified amount of cash or U.S government securities (“initial margin”). The margin required for a futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded and may be modified during the term of the contract. The initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the futures contract which is returned to the Underlying Fund upon termination of the contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Each Underlying Fund expects to earn interest income on its initial margin deposits.

A futures contract held by an Underlying Fund is valued daily at the official settlement price of the exchange on which it is traded. Each day the Underlying Fund pays or receives cash, called “variation margin,” equal to the daily change in value of the futures contract. This process is known as “marking to market.” Variation margin does not represent a borrowing or loan by an Underlying Fund, but is instead a settlement between the Underlying Fund and the broker of the amount one would owe the other if the futures contract expired. In computing daily net asset value, each Underlying Fund will mark–to– market its open futures positions.

An Underlying Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it. Such margin deposits will vary depending on the nature of the underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin requirements), the current market value of the option, and other futures positions held by the Underlying Fund.

Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying securities, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Underlying Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Underlying Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Underlying Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Underlying Fund realizes a capital loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations.

Limitations On Use Of Futures And Options On Futures Contracts. An Underlying Fund will not enter into a futures contract or futures option contract for purposes other than hedging if, immediately thereafter, the aggregate initial margin deposits relating to such positions plus premiums paid by it for open futures option positions, less the amount by which any such options are “in–the–money,” would exceed 5% of the Underlying Fund’s total assets. A call option is “in–the–money” if the value of the futures contract that is the subject of the option exceeds the exercise price. A put option is “in–the–money” if the exercise price exceeds the value of the futures contract that is the subject of the option.

When purchasing a futures contract, an Underlying Fund will maintain (and mark–to–market on a daily basis) liquid assets that, when added to the amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, are equal to the market value of the futures contract. Alternatively, the Underlying Fund may “cover” its position by purchasing a put option on the same futures contract with a strike price equal to or higher than the price of the contract held by the Underlying Fund.

When selling a futures contract, an Underlying Fund will maintain (and mark–to–market on a daily basis) liquid assets that, when added to the amount deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, are equal to the market value of the instruments underlying the contract. Alternatively, the Underlying Fund may “cover” its position by owning the instruments underlying the contract (or, in the case of an index futures contract, a portfolio with a volatility substantially similar to that of the index on which the futures contract is based), or by holding a call option permitting the Underlying Fund to purchase the same futures contract at a price no higher than the price of the contract written by the Underlying Fund (or at a higher price if the difference is maintained in segregated liquid assets).

When selling a call option on a futures contract, an Underlying Fund will maintain (and mark–to–market on a daily basis) liquid assets that, when added to the amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, equal the total market value of the futures contract underlying the call option. Alternatively, the Underlying Fund may “cover” its position by entering into a long position in the same futures contract at a price no higher than the strike price of the call option, by owning the instruments underlying the futures contract, or by holding a separate call option permitting the Underlying Fund to purchase the same futures contract at a price not higher than the strike price of the call option sold by the Underlying Fund.

 

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When selling a put option on a futures contract, an Underlying Fund will maintain (and mark–to–market on a daily basis) liquid assets that equal the purchase price of the futures contract, less any margin on deposit. Alternatively, the Underlying Fund may “cover” the position either by entering into a short position in the same futures contract, or by owning a separate put option permitting it to sell the same futures contract so long as the strike price of the purchased put option is the same or higher than the strike price of the put option sold by the Underlying Fund.

The Underlying Funds are limited in entering into futures contracts and options on futures contracts to positions which constitute “bona fide hedging” positions within the meaning and intent of applicable CFTC rules and, with respect to positions for non-hedging purposes, to positions for which the aggregate initial margins and premiums will not exceed 5% of the net assets of an Underlying Fund.

The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company also may limit the extent to which an Underlying Fund may enter into futures, options on futures contracts or forward contracts. See “Taxes.”

Risks Factors. There are several risks associated with the use of futures and options on futures contracts as hedging techniques. A purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in the futures contract. There can be no guarantee that there will be a correlation between price movements in the hedging vehicle and in the portfolio securities being hedged. In addition, there are significant differences between the securities and futures markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between the markets, causing a given hedge not to achieve its objectives. The degree of imperfection of correlation depends on circumstances such as variations in speculative market demand for futures and options on futures contracts on securities, including technical influences in futures trading and options on futures contracts, and differences between the financial instruments being hedged and the instruments underlying the standard contracts available for trading in such respects as interest rate levels, maturities and creditworthiness of issuers. An incorrect correlation could result in a loss on both the hedged securities in an Underlying Fund and the hedging vehicle so that the portfolio return might have been greater had hedging not been attempted. A decision as to whether, when and how to hedge involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well–conceived hedge may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected interest rate trends.

Futures exchanges may limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in certain futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of the current trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a futures contract subject to the limit, no more trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movements during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the limit may work to prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. For example, futures prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of positions and subjecting some holders of futures contracts to substantial losses.

There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at a time when an Underlying Fund seeks to close out a futures or a futures option position. Most futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single day; once the daily limit has been reached on a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit. In addition, certain of these instruments are relatively new and without a significant trading history. As a result, there is no assurance that an active secondary market will develop or continue to exist. Lack of a liquid market for any reason may prevent an Underlying Fund from liquidating an unfavorable position and the Underlying Fund would remain obligated to meet margin requirements until the position is closed.

Foreign Currency Futures Contracts. The Underlying Funds are also permitted to enter into foreign currency futures contracts in accordance with their investment objectives and as limited by the procedures outlined above.

A foreign currency futures contract is a bilateral agreement pursuant to which one party agrees to make, and the other party agrees to accept delivery of a specified type of debt security or currency at a specified price. Although such futures contacts by their terms call for actual delivery or acceptance of debt securities or currency, in most cases the contracts are closed out before the settlement date without the making or taking of delivery.

The Underlying Funds may sell a foreign currency futures contract to hedge against possible variations in the exchange rate of the foreign currency in relation to the U.S dollar or to effect investment transactions consistent with the Underlying Funds’ investment objectives and strategies. When a manager anticipates a significant change in a foreign exchange rate while intending to invest in a foreign security, an Underlying Fund may purchase a foreign currency futures contract to hedge against a rise in foreign exchange rates pending completion of the anticipated transaction or as a means to gain portfolio exposure to that currency. Such a purchase would serve as a temporary measure to protect the Underlying Fund against any rise in the foreign exchange rate which may add additional costs to acquiring the foreign security position. The Underlying Funds may also purchase call or put options on foreign currency futures contracts to obtain a fixed foreign exchange rate. The Underlying Funds may

 

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purchase a call option or write a put option on a foreign exchange futures contract to hedge against a decline in the foreign exchange rates or the value of its foreign securities. The Underlying Funds may write a call option on a foreign currency futures contract as a partial hedge against the effects of declining foreign exchange rates on the value of foreign securities or as a means to gain portfolio exposure to a currency.

Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Transactions (“Forward Currency Contracts”). The Underlying Funds may engage in forward currency contracts to hedge against uncertainty in the level of future exchange rates or to effect investment transactions consistent with the Underlying Funds’ investment objectives and strategies. The Underlying Funds will conduct their forward foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e. cash) basis at the rate prevailing in the currency exchange market, or through entering into forward currency exchange contracts (“forward contract”) to purchase or sell currency at a future date. A forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency. For example, to exchange a certain amount of U.S dollars for a certain amount of Japanese Yen––at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. Forward currency contracts are (a) traded in an interbank market conducted directly between currency traders (typically, commercial banks or other financial institutions) and their customers, (b) generally have no deposit requirements and (c) are consummated without payment of any commissions. An Underlying Fund may, however, enter into forward currency contracts containing either or both deposit requirements and commissions. In order to assure that an Underlying Fund’s forward currency contracts are not used to achieve investment leverage, the Underlying Fund will segregate liquid assets in an amount at all times equal to or exceeding the Underlying Fund’s commitments with respect to these contracts. The Underlying Funds may engage in a forward contract that involves transacting in a currency whose changes in value are considered to be linked (a proxy) to a currency or currencies in which some or all of the Underlying Funds’ portfolio securities are or are expected to be denominated. An Underlying Fund’s dealings in forward contracts may involve hedging involving either specific transactions or portfolio positions or taking a position in a foreign currency. Transaction hedging is the purchase or sale of foreign currency with respect to specific receivables or payables of the Underlying Funds generally accruing in connection with the purchase or sale of their portfolio securities. Position hedging is the sale of foreign currency with respect to portfolio security positions denominated or quoted in the currency. An Underlying Fund may not enter into a forward currency contract to sell a particular currency to an extent greater than the aggregate market value (at the time of making such sale) of the securities held in its portfolio denominated or quoted in or currency convertible into that particular currency (or another currency or aggregate of currencies which act as a proxy for that currency). The Underlying Funds may enter into a forward currency contract to purchase a currency other than that held in the Underlying Funds’ portfolios. If an Underlying Fund enters into a forward currency contract, liquid assets will be segregated in an amount equal to the value of the Underlying Fund’s total assets committed to the consummation of the forward contract. If the value of the securities that are segregated declines, additional liquid assets will be segregated so that the value of the segregated liquid assets will equal the amount of the Underlying Fund’s commitment with respect to the contract. Forward currency transactions may be made from any foreign currency into U.S dollars or into other appropriate currencies.

At or before the maturity of a forward foreign currency contract, an Underlying Fund may either sell a portfolio security and make delivery of the currency, or retain the security and offset its contractual obligation to deliver the currency by purchasing a second contract pursuant to which the Underlying Fund will obtain, on the same maturity date, the same amount of the currency which it is obligated to deliver. If an Underlying Fund retains the portfolio security and engages in an offsetting transaction, the Underlying Fund, at the time of execution of the offsetting transaction, will incur a gain or a loss to the extent that movement has occurred in forward currency contract prices. Should forward prices decline during the period between the Underlying Fund’s entering into a forward contract for the sale of a currency and the date that it enters into an offsetting contract for the purchase of the currency, the Underlying Fund will realize a gain to the extent that the price of the currency that it has agreed to sell exceeds the price of the currency that it has agreed to purchase. Should forward prices increase, the Underlying Fund will suffer a loss to the extent that the price of the currency it has agreed to purchase exceeds the price of the currency that it has agreed to sell. There can be no assurance that new forward currency contracts or offsets will be available to an Underlying Fund.

Upon maturity of a forward currency contract, the Underlying Funds may (a) pay for and receive, or deliver and be paid for, the underlying currency, (b) negotiate with the dealer to roll over the contract into a new forward currency contract with a new future settlement date or (c) negotiate with the dealer to terminate the forward contract by entering into an offset with the currency trader whereby the parties agree to pay for and receive the difference between the exchange rate fixed in the contract and the then current exchange rate. An Underlying Fund also may be able to negotiate such an offset prior to maturity of the original forward contract. There can be no assurance that new forward contracts or offsets will always be available to the Underlying Funds.

The cost to an Underlying Fund of engaging in currency transactions varies with factors such as the currency involved, the length of the contract period and the market conditions then prevailing. Because transactions in currency exchange are usually conducted on a principal basis, no fees or commissions are involved. The use of forward foreign currency contracts does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities, but it does establish a rate of exchange that can be achieved in the future. In addition, although forward foreign currency contracts limit the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of a hedged currency, at the same time, they limit any potential gain that might result should the value of the currency increase.

 

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If a devaluation is generally anticipated, an Underlying Fund may be able to contract to sell the currency at a price above the devaluation level that it anticipates. An Underlying Fund will not enter into a currency transaction if, as a result, it will fail to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), for a given year.

Forward foreign currency contracts are not regulated by the SEC. They are traded through financial institutions acting as market–makers. In the forward foreign currency market, there are no daily price fluctuation limits, and adverse market movements could therefore continue to an unlimited extent over a period of time. Moreover, a trader of forward contracts could lose amounts substantially in excess of its initial investments, due to the collateral requirements associated with such positions.

The market for forward currency contracts may be limited with respect to certain currencies. These factors will restrict an Underlying Fund’s ability to hedge against the risk of devaluation of currencies in which the Underlying Fund holds a substantial quantity of securities and are unrelated to the qualitative rating that may be assigned to any particular portfolio security. Where available, the successful use of forward currency contracts draws upon a money manager’s special skills and experience with respect to such instruments and usually depends on the money manager’s ability to forecast interest rate and currency exchange rate movements correctly. Should interest or exchange rates move in an unexpected manner, an Underlying Fund may not achieve the anticipated benefits of forward currency contracts or may realize losses and thus be in a worse position than if such strategies had not been used. Unlike many exchange–traded futures contracts and options on futures contracts, there are no daily price fluctuation limits with respect to forward currency contracts, and adverse market movements could therefore continue to an unlimited extent over a period of time. In addition, the correlation between movements in the prices of such instruments and movements in the price of the securities and currencies hedged or used for cover will not be perfect. In the case of proxy hedging, there is also a risk that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present during the particular time an Underlying Fund is engaged in that strategy.

An Underlying Fund’s ability to dispose of its positions in forward currency contracts will depend on the availability of active markets in such instruments. It is impossible to predict the amount of trading interest that may exist in various types of forward currency contracts. Forward currency contracts may be closed out only by the parties entering into an offsetting contract. Therefore, no assurance can be given that the Underlying Fund will be able to utilize these instruments effectively for the purposes set forth above.

Forward foreign currency transactions are subject to the additional risk of governmental actions affecting trading in or the prices of foreign currencies or securities. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (1) other complex foreign, political, legal and economic factors, (2) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (3) delays in an Underlying Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non–business hours in the United States, (4) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States, (5) lesser trading volume and (6) that a perceived linkage between various currencies may not persist throughout the duration of the contracts.

Additional Risks Of Options On Securities, Futures Contracts, Options On Futures Contracts, And Forward Currency Exchange Contract And Options Thereon. Options on securities, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, currencies and options on currencies may be traded on foreign exchanges. Such transactions may not be regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United States; may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (1) other complex foreign, political, legal and economic factors, (2) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (3) delays in an Underlying Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non–business hours in the United States, (4) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States, and (5) lesser trading volume.

Swap Agreements and Swaptions. The Underlying Funds may enter into swap agreements, on either an asset-based or liability-based basis, depending on whether they are hedging their assets or their liabilities, and will usually enter into swaps on a net basis, i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Underlying Funds receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. When an Underlying Fund engages in a swap, it exchanges its obligations to pay or rights to receive payments for the obligations or rights to receive payments of another party (i.e., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed rate payments).

The Underlying Funds may enter into several different types of agreements including interest rate, credit and currency swaps. Interest rate swaps are a counterparty agreement, can be customized to meet each party’s needs, and involves the exchange of a fixed payment per period for a payment that is not fixed. Currency swaps are an agreement where two parties exchange specified amounts of different currencies which are followed by a series of interest payments that are exchanged based on the principal cash flow. At maturity the principal amounts are exchanged back. Credit default swaps are a counterparty agreement which

 

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allows the transfer of third party credit risk (the possibility that a issuer will default on their obligation by failing to pay principal or interest in a timely manner) from one party to another. The lender faces the credit risk from a third party and the counterparty in the swap agrees to insure this risk in exchange for regular periodic payments.

The Underlying Funds expect to enter into these transactions primarily to preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of their portfolios or to protect against any increase in the price of securities they anticipate purchasing at a later date. The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Underlying Funds’ obligations over their entitlements with respect to each swap will be accrued on a daily basis and an amount of cash or liquid high-grade debt securities having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be segregated. To the extent that the Underlying Funds enter into swaps on other than a net basis, the amount maintained in a segregated account will be the full amount of the Underlying Funds’ obligations, if any, with respect to such interest rate swaps, accrued on a daily basis. The Underlying Funds will not enter into any swaps unless the unsecured senior debt or the claims-paying ability of the other party thereto is rated in the highest rating category of at least one nationally recognized rating organization at the time of entering into such transaction. If there is a default by the other party to such a transaction, the Underlying Funds will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreement related to the transaction. The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid.

The use of interest rate swaps is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. If a money manager using this technique is incorrect in its forecast of market values, interest rates and other applicable factors, the investment performance of an Underlying Fund would diminish compared to what it would have been if this investment technique were not used.

An Underlying Fund may only enter into interest rate swaps to hedge its portfolio. Interest rate swaps do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets or principal. Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect to interest rate swaps is limited to the net amount of interest payments that the Underlying Funds are contractually obligated to make. If the other party to an interest rate swap defaults, the Underlying Funds’ risk of loss consists of the net amount of interest payments that the Underlying Funds are contractually entitled to receive. Since interest rate swaps are individually negotiated, the Underlying Funds expect to achieve an acceptable degree of correlation between their rights to receive interest on their portfolio securities and their rights and obligations to receive and pay interest pursuant to interest rate swaps.

A Fund may enter into a swaption (swap option). In a swaption, in exchange for an option, the buyer gains the right but not the obligation to enter into a specified swap agreement with the issuer on a specified future date. The writer of the contract receives the premium and bears the risk of unfavorable changes in the preset rate on the underlying interest rate swap. Unrealized gains/losses on swaptions are reflected in investment assets and investment liabilities in the Fund’s statement of financial condition.

Index Swap Agreements. The Underlying Funds may enter into index swap agreements as an additional hedging strategy for cash reserves held by those Funds or to effect investment transactions consistent with these Fund’s investment objective and strategies. Swap agreements are two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, the two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular investments or instruments. The returns to be exchanged between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e. a specified dollar amount that is hypothetically invested in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index).

Under most swap agreements entered into by these Underlying Funds, the parties’ obligations are determined on a “net basis.” Consequently, an Underlying Fund’s obligations or rights under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to a net amount based on the relative values of the positions held by each party. An Underlying Fund’s obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the Underlying Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by segregating cash or other liquid assets to avoid any potential leveraging of an Underlying Fund’s portfolio. No Fund will enter into a swap agreement with any single party if the net amount owned or to be received ender existing contracts with that party would exceed 5% of that Fund’s assets.

The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting as both principals and agents using standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid.

An Underlying Fund may not receive the expected amount under a swap agreement if the other party to the agreement defaults or becomes bankrupt. The market for swap agreements is largely unregulated. The Underlying Funds will only enter into swap agreements with counterparties that would be eligible for consideration as repurchase agreement counterparties under the Underlying Funds’ repurchase agreement guidelines.

 

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Forward Commitments. An Underlying Fund may contract to purchase securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond customary settlement time (a “forward commitment” or “when–issued” transaction) so long as such transactions are consistent with the Underlying Fund’s ability to manage its investment portfolio and meet redemption requests. An Underlying Fund may dispose of a forward commitment or when–issued transaction prior to settlement if it is appropriate to do so and realize short–term profits or losses upon such sale. When effecting such transactions, liquid assets of the Underlying Fund in a dollar amount sufficient to make payment for the portfolio securities to be purchased will be segregated on the Underlying Fund’s records at the trade date and maintained until the transaction is settled. Forward commitments and when–issued transactions involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date or the other party to the transaction fails to complete the transaction.

Additionally, under certain circumstances, the RIF Non-U.S. and RIC Emerging Markets Funds may occasionally engage in “free trade” transactions in which delivery of securities sold by the Underlying Fund is made prior to the Underlying Fund’s receipt of cash payment therefore or the Underlying Fund’s payment of cash for portfolio securities occurs prior to the Underlying Fund’s receipt of those securities. Cash payment in such instances generally occurs on the next business day in the local market. “Free trade” transactions involve the risk of loss to an Underlying Fund if the other party to the “free trade” transaction fails to complete the transaction after an Underlying Fund has tendered cash payment or securities, as the case may be.

TAXES

Election To Be Taxed As A Regulated Investment Company. Each Fund of Fund has elected to be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) and intends to qualify as a regulated investment company for its first and current fiscal year. As a regulated investment company, a Fund of Fund generally pays no federal income tax on the income and gain it distributes. The Board reserves the right not to maintain the qualification of a Fund of Fund as a regulated investment company if it determines such a course of action to be beneficial to shareholders. In such case, the Fund of Fund will be subject to federal, and possibly state, corporate taxes on its taxable income and gain, and Fund of Fund distributions would be treated by shareholders as taxable dividend income to the extent of the Fund of Fund’s earnings and profits.

Diversification Requirements and Investor Control. Each Fund of Fund intends to comply with the diversification requirements of section 817(h) of the Code relating to the tax-deferred status of variable accounts that are based on insurance company separate accounts. If these requirements are not met, or under other limited circumstances, it is possible that the contract holders, rather than the separate accounts, will be treated for federal income tax purposes as the taxable owners of the assets held by the separate accounts.

Under current U.S. tax law, if a contract holder has excessive control over the investments made by a Fund of Funds or an Underlying Fund, the contract holder, rather than the insurance company separate account, will be treated as the owner of the Fund of Funds shares and taxed currently on income and gains from the Fund of Funds. In other words, in such a case of “investor control” the contract holder would not derive the tax benefits normally associated with variable life insurance or variable annuities. The application of the investor control doctrine and, in particular, the limitations that it imposes in a fund of funds context, are not entirely certain. Future guidance might pose additional restrictions on the Funds of Funds and could be applied retroactively. Such an event may have an adverse impact on the Funds of Funds and the contract holders.

Effect Of Foreign Investments On Distributions. Certain Underlying Funds may invest in foreign securities and may be subject to foreign withholding taxes on income from those securities that may reduce distributions.

Certain Underlying Funds may qualify for and make an election to pass through to shareholders the ability to claim a credit or deduction (subject to limitations) on their federal income tax returns for their pro rata share of any qualified foreign taxes paid by the Underlying Fund. Shareholders would be required to treat their pro rata share of such foreign taxes as having been distributed to them. An Underlying Fund will qualify for the election in any given taxable year if, at the close of such taxable year, more than 50% of its total asset value consists of stock or other securities of foreign corporations.

Investment In PFIC Securities. If an Underlying Fund invests in securities of foreign entities that could be deemed for tax purposes to be passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”), the Underlying Fund intends to mark-to-market these securities and recognize any gain at the end of its fiscal year. Any mark to market losses and any losses from an actual disposition of shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark to market gains included in income in prior years.

Shareholders of PFICs may, under certain circumstances, be subject to a deferred interest charge pursuant to section 1291 of the Code.

 

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Excise Tax Distribution Requirements. To avoid federal excise taxes, the Code requires a Fund of Fund to make certain minimum distributions by December 31 of each year. Federal excise taxes will not apply to a Fund of Fund in a given calendar year, however, if all of its shareholders at all times during the calendar year are segregated asset accounts of life insurance companies where the shares are held in connection with variable products.

Tax Consequences To Shareholders. Since shareholders of the Funds of Funds will be the insurance company separate accounts, no discussion is included herein concerning federal income tax consequences for the holders of the contracts. For information concerning the federal income tax consequences to any such holder, see the prospectus relating to the applicable contract.

At December 31, 2007, the Funds did not have any net tax basis capital loss carryforwards.

 

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MONEY MANAGER INFORMATION FOR

THE UNDERLYING FUNDS

RIF Multi-Style Equity Fund

Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder Advisers, LLC is controlled by Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder Holdings, Inc., with no one individual owning more than 25% of the voting securities.

Columbus Circle Investors is 70% owned by Principal Global Investors, LLC. Principal Global Investors, LLC is 100% owned by Principal Life Insurance Company, which is 100% owned by Principal Financial Services, Inc., which in turn is 100% owned by Principal Financial Group, a publicly traded company.

DePrince, Race & Zollo, Inc. is controlled by the following: Gregory M. DePrince, John D. Race and Victor A. Zollo, each owning 30% of the firm.

Institutional Capital LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of New York Life Investment Management Holdings LLC, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of New York Life Insurance Company, which, in turn, is wholly-owned by the policyholders of New York Life Insurance Company.

Jacobs Levy Equity Management, Inc. is owned by Bruce Jacobs and Kenneth Levy.

Montag & Caldwell, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fortis Bank SA/NV. Fortis Bank SA/NV is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fortis SA/NV, a public company with limited liability incorporated in the form of a société anonyme/naamloze vennootschap under Belgian law, and Fortis N.V., a public limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) under Dutch law.

Suffolk Capital Management, LLC is a wholly–owned subsidiary of Ohio National Financial Services, Inc. Ohio National Financial Services, Inc. is wholly–owned by Ohio National Mutual Holdings, Inc. which, in turn, is wholly–owned by the policyholders of The Ohio National Life Insurance Company.

Turner Investment Partners, Inc. is a corporation controlled by Robert E. Turner.

RIC Quantitative Equity Fund

Aronson+Johnson+Ortiz, LP is a limited partnership controlled by Theodore R. Aronson.

Franklin Portfolio Associates LLC is a Massachusetts limited liability company owned by The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, a publicly traded organization.

Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. is a wholly-owned direct and indirect subsidiary of the Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., a publicly traded company.

Jacobs Levy Equity Management, Inc. is owned by Bruce Jacobs and Kenneth Levy.

RIF Aggressive Equity Fund

ClariVest Asset Management LLC is a U.S. limited liability company which is indirectly controlled by Stacey Nutt, Jeffrey D. Lovell and James E. Minnick through their ownership of 25% or more of the voting shares of various limited liability companies and partnerships within the corporate structure of ClariVest.

DePrince, Race & Zollo, Inc. See: RIF Multi-Style Equity Fund.

Gould Investment Partners LLC is a limited liability company controlled by Richard H. Gould.

Jacobs Levy Equity Management, Inc. is owned by Bruce Jacobs and Kenneth Levy.

PanAgora Asset Management, Inc. is an indirect subsidiary of Putnam Investments Trust. This holding company and its subsidiaries, including PanAgora Asset Management, Inc., are indirect subsidiaries of Great-West Lifeco, Inc. (“Great-West Life”), a public company. Great-West Life is controlled by Power Financial Corporation, a public company. Additionally, Nippon Life Insurance Company (“NLI”) holds a 20% voting interest in PanAgora Asset Management, Inc.

 

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Ranger Investment Management, L.P. is a limited partnership with no individual controlling more than 25%.

Signia Capital Management, LLC is a limited liability company with no individual controlling more than 25%.

Tygh Capital Management, Inc. is an employee-owned corporation controlled by its majority shareholders Richard J. Johnson and Jeff B. Curtis.

RIF Real Estate Securities Fund

AEW Management and Advisors, L.P. is a limited partnership that is 75% owned by AEW Capital Management, L.P. and 25% owned by the general partner, AEW Investment Group, Inc. AEW Capital Management, L.P. is controlled by Natixis Global Asset Management, L.P. (formerly known as IXIS Asset Management US Group, which was formerly known as IXIS Asset Management North America, L.P.). In November 2006, CNCE, Banques Populaire and Natexis Banques Populaires combined operations and created a new company called Natixis, a publicly listed company. In June 2007, all IXIS entities underwent a name change and are now called Natixis Global Asset Management, L.P.

Cohen & Steers Capital Management, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Cohen & Steers, Inc. a publicly traded company. Martin Cohen and Robert H, Steers each own approximately 29.3% of Cohen & Steers, Inc. The remaining 41.4% of Cohen & Steers, Inc. is owned by the public.

Heitman Real Estate Securities, LLC is 50% owned by its employees, with no one individual employee beneficially owning 25% or greater, and 50% owned by Old Mutual plc, a publicly traded company.

INVESCO Institutional (N.A.), Inc., which acts as money manager to the Fund through its INVESCO Real Estate Division (“INVESCO”) is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of AMVESCAP, PLC, a publicly traded corporation. Other entities in the corporate chain of control of which INVESCO is a direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary include AVZ, Inc., AMVESCAP Group Services, Inc. and INVESCO North American Holdings, Inc.

RREEF America L.L.C. is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank, A.G., a publicly traded company. Other entities in the corporate chain of control of which RREEF America L.L.C. is a direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary include Deutsche Bank Americas Holding Corp. and Taunus Corporation.

RIC Global Equity Fund

ClariVest Asset Management LLC. See: RIF Aggressive Equity Fund.

Gartmore Global Partners is controlled by Hellman & Friedman, LLC, a private equity partnership, with no one individual controlling more than 25%.

Harris Associates, L.P. is controlled by Natixis Global Asset Management, a publicly traded company on the Euronext exchange in Paris, France, which owns 99.67% of Harris Associates, L.P.

Tradewinds Global Investors LLC is controlled by Nuveen Investments, Inc. (“Nuveen”), a majority owned subsidiary of Windy City Investments, Inc., with no individual controlling more than 25%.

T. Rowe Price International, Inc. (“T. Rowe Price”) is an indirect subsidiary of T. Rowe Price Group, a publicly traded financial services holding company. Other entities in the corporate chain of control of which T. Rowe Price is a wholly-owned subsidiary include T. Rowe Price Finance, Inc. and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.

 

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RIF Non-U.S. Fund

AQR Capital Management, LLC is majority-owned and controlled by its principals Clifford S. Asness, Ph.D., John M. Liew, Ph.D., David Kabiller, CFA Robert Krail, Brian K. Hurst, Jacques A. Friedman, Ronen Israel, Lars Nielsen and Oktay Kurbanov.

Altrinsic Global Advisors, LLC is an employee owned U.S. limited liability company and is controlled by John Hock.

MFS Institutional Advisors, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Massachusetts Financial Services Company and is an indirect subsidiary of Sun Life Financial, Inc., a publicly traded company.

Wellington Management Company, LLP is a limited liability partnership with no one individual controlling more than 25%.

RIC Emerging Markets Fund

AllianceBernstein L.P., is a limited partnership the majority ownership interests in which are held by its affiliates. AllianceBernstein Corporation, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of AXA Financial, Inc., a publicly traded financial services organization, is the general partner of both AllianceBernstein L.P. and AllianceBernstein Holding L.P. On a combined basis as of December 31, 2006, AXA Financial, Inc. has a 63.2% economic interest in AllianceBernstein’s business. The remaining economic interest is held by AllianceBernstein Holding L.P. (32.4%) and AllianceBernstein Directors, Officers employees (4.4%).

Arrowstreet Capital, Limited Partnership is controlled primarily by its employees with no one individual controlling more than 25%.

Genesis Asset Managers, LLP is 60% owned through subsidiary holding companies, by Affiliated Managers Group, Inc., a publicly traded corporation. A group of Genesis’ managers owns the remaining 40% of Genesis Asset Managers, LLP with no individual manager beneficially owning greater than 10%.

Harding, Loevner Management, L.P. (“Harding Loevner”) is a limited partnership, and its sole general partner is HLM Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”). Holdings owns substantially all of Harding Loevner. Holdings is 100% employee owned. Harding Loevner is controlled by David Loevner through his ownership stake in Holdings.

T. Rowe Price International, Inc. (“T. Rowe Price”) is an indirect subsidiary of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., a publicly traded financial services holding company. Other entities in the corporate chain of control of which T. Rowe Price is a wholly-owned subsidiary include T. Rowe Price Finance, Inc. and T. Rowe Price Associates.

UBS Global Asset Management (Americas), Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of UBS, AG, a publicly traded company.

RIF Core Bond Fund

Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. is a wholly-owned direct and indirect subsidiary of the Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., a publicly traded company.

Metropolitan West Asset Management, LLC (“MWAM”) is wholly-owned by MWAM Holdings, LLC, which is 100% owned and controlled by active employees at MWAM. Scott B. Dubchansky and Tad Rivelle each own 20-50% of MWAM Holdings, LLC.

Pacific Investment Management Company LLC (“PIMCO”) is a Delaware limited liability company, is a majority-owned subsidiary of Allianz Global Investors of America L.P., (“AGI LP”). Allianz SE (“Allianz SE”) is the indirect majority owner of AGI LP. Allianz SE is a European-based, multinational insurance and financial services holding company.

RIC Short Duration Bond Fund

Logan Circle Partners, L.P. is 70% owned by its employees of which Jude Driscoll owns a controlling interest and 30% is owned by GPFT HOLDCO, LLC.

 

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Pacific Investment Management Company LLC. See: RIF Core Bond Fund.

STW Fixed Income Management Ltd., a Bermuda company, is wholly owned by William H. Williams.

 

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RATINGS OF DEBT INSTRUMENTS

CORPORATE AND MUNICIPAL BOND RATINGS.

MOODY’S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. (MOODY’S):

Aaa — Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edged.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

Aa — Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.

A — Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

Baa — Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations (i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great period of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

Ba — Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during other good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

B — Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

Caa — Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal and interest.

Ca — Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

C — Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

Moody’s applies numerical modifiers, 1, 2 and 3 in each generic rating classification in its corporate bond rating system. The modifier 1 indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and modifier 3 indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.

STANDARD & POOR’S RATINGS GROUP (“S&P”):

AAA — This is the highest rating assigned by S&P to a debt obligation and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and interest.

AA — Bonds rated AA also qualify as high-quality debt obligations. Capacity to pay principal and interest is very strong, and in the majority of instances they differ from AAA issues only in small degree.

A — Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay principal and interest, although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions.

BBB — Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. While bonds with this rating normally exhibit adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category than debt in higher rated categories.

 

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BB, B, CCC, CC, C — Bonds rated BB, B, CCC, CC and C are regarded, on balance, as predominantly speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and C the highest degree of speculation. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.

BB — Bonds rated BB have less near-term vulnerability to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, they face major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B — Bonds rated B have a greater vulnerability to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’ but currently have the capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal.

CCC — A bond rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

CC — An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.

C — The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed or similar action has been taken, but payments on this obligation are being continued.

D — Bonds rated D are in payment default. The D rating is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

The (r) symbol is attached to the ratings of instruments with significant noncredit risks. It highlights risks to principal or volatility of expected returns which are not addressed in the credit rating. Examples include: obligations linked or indexed to equities, currencies, or commodities; obligations exposed to severe prepayment risk—such as interest-only or principal-only mortgage securities; and obligations with unusually risky interest terms, such as inverse floaters.

STATE, MUNICIPAL NOTES AND TAX EXEMPT DEMAND NOTES.

MOODY’S:

Moody’s rating for state, municipal and other short-term obligations will be designated Moody’s Investment Grade (“MIG”). This distinction is in recognition of the differences between short-term credit risk and long-term risk. Factors affecting the liquidity of the borrower are uppermost in importance in short-term borrowing, while various factors of the first importance in bond risk are of lesser importance in the short run.

Symbols used are as follows:

MIG-1/VMIG 1 — This designation denotes best quality. There is present strong protection by established cash flows, superior liquidity support or demonstrated broad based access to the market for refinancing.

MIG-2/VMIG 2 — This designation denotes best quality. Margins of protection are ample although not so large as in the preceding group.

MIG-3/VMIG 3 — This designation denotes favorable quality. All security elements are accounted or but there is a lacking the undeniable strength of the preceding grades. Liquidity and cash flow protection may be narrow and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well established.

SG — This designation denotes speculative quality. Debt instruments in this category lack margins of protection.

 

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S&P:

A S&P note rating, reflects the liquidity concerns and market access risks unique to notes. Notes due in 3 years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond 3 years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. The following criteria will be used in making that assessment:

— Amortization schedule (the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note).

— Source of payment (the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note).

Note rating symbols are as follows:

SP-1 — Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Issues determined to possess very strong characteristics are given a plus (+) designation.

SP-2 — Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.

SP-3 — Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS.

Moody’s:

Prime - 1 — Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-1 repayment ability will often be evidenced by many of the following characteristics:

Leading market positions in well-established industries.

High rates of return on funds employed.

Conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection.

Broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation.

Well-established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

Prime - 2 — Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, wile sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.

Prime - 3 — Issuers rated Prime-3 (or supporting institutions) have an acceptable ability for repayment of senior short-term obligations. The effect of industry characteristics and market compositions may be more pronounced. Variability in earnings and profitability may result in changes in the level of debt protection measurements and may require relatively high financial leverage. Adequate alternate liquidity is maintained.

Issuers rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

WR—Withdrawn

S&P:

A-1 - An obligor rated “A-1” has STRONG capacity to meet its financial commitments. It is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poor’s. Within this category, certain obligors are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments is EXTREMELY STRONG.

A-2 - An obligor rated “A-2” has SATISFACTORY capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in the highest rating category.

A-3 - An obligor rated “A-3” has ADEQUATE capacity to meet its financial obligations. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.

 

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B - An obligor rated “B” is regarded as VULNERABLE and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.

C - An obligor rated “C” is CURRENTLY VULNERABLE to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for it to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

D - An obligor rated “D” is in payment default. The “D” rating is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The “D” rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

N.R. - An issuer designated N.R. is not rated.

Fitch Investors Service, Inc.:

Short Term Credit Ratings

F1 - Highest credit quality. Indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.

F2 - Good credit quality. A satisfactory capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, but the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings.

F3 - Fair credit quality. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate; however, near term adverse changes could result in a reduction to non-investment grade.

B - Speculative. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

C - High default risk. Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.

D - Default. Denotes actual or imminent payment default.

Notes to Short-Term Ratings:

“+” or “-” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffices are not added to Shot-term ratings other than “F-1.”

Long Term Credit Ratings

Investment Grade

AAA

Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.

AA

Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.

A

High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.

BBB

Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that there is currently expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse changes in circumstances and economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment grade category.

 

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Speculative Grade

BB

Speculative. ‘BB’ ratings indicate that there is a possibility of credit risk developing, particularly as the result of adverse economic change over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met. Securities rated in this category are not investment grade.

B

Highly speculative. For issuers and performing obligations, ‘B’ ratings indicate that significant credit risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is contingent upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for extremely high recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R1’ (outstanding).

CCC

For issuers and performing obligations, default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic conditions. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for average to superior levels of recovery. Differences in credit quality may be denoted by plus/minus distinctions. Such obligations typically would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R2’ (superior), or ‘R3’ (good) or ‘R4’ (average).

CC

For issuers and performing obligations, default of some kind appears probable. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with a Recovery Rating of ‘R4’ (average) or ‘R5’ (below average).

C

For issuers and performing obligations, default is imminent. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for below-average to poor recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R6’ (poor).

RD

Indicates an entity that has failed to make due payments (within the applicable grace period) on some but not all material financial obligations, but continues to honor other classes of obligations.

D

Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations. Default generally is defined as one of the following:

- failure of an obligor to make timely payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of any financial obligation; - the bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of business of an obligor; or - the distressed or other coercive exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation.

Default ratings are not assigned prospectively; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period.

Issuers will be rated ‘D’ upon a default. Defaulted and distressed obligations typically are rated along the continuum of ‘C’ to ‘B’ ratings categories, depending upon their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. Additionally, in structured finance transactions, where analysis indicates that an instrument is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to meet pay interest and/or principal in full in accordance with the terms of the obligation’s documentation during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default in accordance with the terms of the documentation is imminent, the obligation may be rated in the ‘B’ or ‘CCC-C’ categories.

Default is determined by reference to the terms of the obligations’ documentation. Fitch will assign default ratings where it has reasonably determined that payment has not been made on a material obligation in accordance with the requirements of the obligation’s documentation, or where it believes that default ratings consistent with Fitch’s published definition of default are the most appropriate ratings to assign.

 

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Notes to Long-Term ratings:

The modifiers “+” or “-” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ Long-term rating category, to categories below ‘CCC’. (The +/- modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.)

 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The 2007 annual financial statements of the Funds of Funds, including notes to the financial statements and financial highlights and the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, are included in the Funds of Funds’ Annual Reports to Shareholders. Copies of these Annual Reports accompany this Statement of Additional Information and are incorporated herein by reference. The 2007 annual financial statements of the Underlying Funds, including notes to the financial statements and financial highlights and the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, are included in the Underlying Funds’ Annual Reports to Shareholders. Copies of these Annual Reports are incorporated herein by reference and are available free of charge by calling Russell Investment Services at 1-800-787-7354.

 

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RUSSELL INVESTMENT FUNDS

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington 98402

Telephone (800) 972-0700

In Washington (253) 627-7001

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Non-Funds of Funds

April 30, 2008

As Supplemented August 4, 2008

Russell Investment Funds (“RIF”) is a single legal entity organized as a business trust under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. RIF has 10 investment portfolios, each referred to as a “Fund”.

As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information (“Statement”), RIF is comprised of 10 Funds, five of those Funds are described in this SAI, and commenced operations on the date set forth opposite the Fund’s name.

 

Fund

  

Fund Inception Date

  

Prospectus Date

Multi-Style Equity Fund

   January 2, 1997    April 30, 2008*

Aggressive Equity Fund

   January 2, 1997    April 30, 2008*

Real Estate Securities Fund

   April 30, 1999    April 30, 2008*

Non-U.S. Fund

   January 2, 1997    April 30, 2008*

Core Bond Fund

   January 2, 1997    April 30, 2008*

 

* As supplemented June 2, 2008.

The Funds serve as the investment base for a variety of insurance products (the “Policies”) to be issued by one or more insurance companies (each referred to herein as an “Insurance Company”).

This Statement supplements or describes in greater detail information concerning RIF and the Funds contained in the Prospectus of the Funds dated April 30, 2008. This Statement is not a Prospectus; this Statement should be read in conjunction with the Funds’ Prospectus, which may be obtained without charge by telephoning or writing RIF at the number or address shown above. You should retain this Statement for future reference.

Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Statement shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Prospectuses.

This Statement incorporates by reference the Funds’ Annual Report to Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2007. Copies of the Funds’ Annual Reports accompany this Statement.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page

STRUCTURE AND GOVERNANCE

   1

Organization and Business History

   1

Shareholder Meetings

   1

Controlling Shareholders

   2

Trustees and Officers

   3

OPERATION OF RIF

   10

Service Providers

   10

Money Manager Research Services and Trade Placement Agent

   10

Adviser and Administrator

   10

Portfolio Managers

   13

Money Managers

   15

Distributor

   15

Custodian and Portfolio Accountant

   16

Transfer and Dividend Disbursing Agent

   16

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   16

Codes of Ethics

   16

Fund Expenses

   17

Valuation of Fund Shares

   18

Valuation of Portfolio Securities

   18

Portfolio Transaction Policies

   18

Portfolio Turnover Rate

   19

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

   19

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

   20

Brokerage Allocations

   21

Brokerage Commissions

   22

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS, POLICIES AND CERTAIN INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

   24

Investment Restrictions

   24

Investment Policies

   25

General Investment Strategies and Portfolio Instruments

   26

TAXES

   48

MONEY MANAGER INFORMATION

   49

RATINGS OF DEBT INSTRUMENTS

   51

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   57


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STRUCTURE AND GOVERNANCE

Organization and Business History. RIF was originally organized as a Maryland corporation and, on July 11, 1996, was reorganized as a Massachusetts business trust.

RIF is currently organized and operating under a Master Trust Agreement dated July 11, 1996, as amended, and the provisions of Massachusetts law governing the operation of a Massachusetts business trust. The Board of Trustees (“Board” or the “Trustees”) may amend the Master Trust Agreement from time to time; provided, however, that any amendment which would materially and adversely affect shareholders of RIF as a whole, or shareholders of a particular Fund, must be approved by the holders of a majority of the Shares of RIF or the Fund, respectively. However, the Trustees may, without the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting shares (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940) of the Trust or Sub-Trust by a vote of a majority of the Trustees or written instrument executed by a majority of their number then in office, terminate, liquidate or reorganize any Sub-Trust or any Class of any such Sub-Trust at any time by written notice to affected Shareholders. RIF is a registered open-end management investment company. Each of the Funds, except for the Real Estate Securities Fund, is diversified. Under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended (the “1940 Act”), a diversified company is defined as a management company which meets the following requirements: at least 75% of the value of its total assets is represented by cash and cash items (including receivables), Government securities, securities of other investment companies, and other securities for the purposes of this calculation limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater in value than five percent of the value of the total assets of such management company and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.

RIF is authorized to issue Shares of beneficial interest, and may divide the Shares into two or more series, each of which evidences a pro rata ownership interest in a different investment portfolio - a “Fund.” Each Fund is deemed to be a separate trust under Massachusetts law. The Trustees may, without seeking shareholder approval, create additional Funds at any time. The Master Trust Agreement provides that shareholders may be required to redeem their Shares at any time (1) if the Trustees determine in their sole discretion that failure to so redeem may have material adverse consequences to the shareholders of RIF or of any Fund or (2) upon such other conditions as may from time to time be determined by the Trustees and set forth in the prospectuses with respect to the maintenance of shareholder accounts of a minimum amount. However, shareholders can only be required to redeem their Shares to the extent consistent with the 1940 Act, the rules thereunder and Securities and Exchange Commission interpretations thereof.

Under the Master Trust Agreement, RIF’s Funds are authorized to issue Shares of beneficial interest in one or more classes. The Funds do not presently offer Shares in multiple classes, although they may do so in the future.

Under certain unlikely circumstances, as is the case with any Massachusetts business trust, a shareholder of a Fund may be held personally liable for the obligations of the Fund. The Master Trust Agreement provides that shareholders shall not be subject to any personal liability for the acts or obligations of a Fund and that every written agreement, obligation or other undertaking of the Funds shall contain a provision to the effect that the shareholders are not personally liable thereunder. The Master Trust Agreement also provides that RIF shall, upon request, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation of a Fund and satisfy any judgment thereon. Thus, the risk of any shareholder incurring financial loss beyond his investment on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which a Fund itself would be unable to meet its obligations.

Under the terms of an exemptive order received by RIF from the SEC, Shares of a Fund may be sold to separate accounts of more than one Insurance Company to fund variable life and variable annuity Policies. RIF’s Board of Trustees will monitor events in order to identify any material irreconcilable conflicts which may possibly arise and to determine what action, if any, should be taken in response thereto. An irreconcilable conflict that is not resolved might result in the withdrawal of a substantial amount of assets, causing a negative impact on net asset value.

Frank Russell Company (“FRC”) has the right to grant (and withdraw) the nonexclusive use of the name “Frank Russell,” “Russell” or any variation.

Shareholder Meetings. RIF will not hold annual meetings of shareholders, but special meetings may be held. Special meetings may be convened (i) by the Board, (ii) upon written request to the Board by shareholders holding at least 10% of the outstanding Shares, or (iii) upon the Board’s failure to honor the shareholders’ request described above, by shareholders holding at least 10% of the outstanding Shares by giving notice of the special meeting to shareholders. The Trustees will provide the assistance required by the Investment Company Act of 1940 in connection with any special meeting called by shareholders following a failure of the Board to honor a shareholder request for a special meeting. On any matter which affects only a particular Fund, only Shares of that Fund are entitled to vote. There are no cumulative voting rights.


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In connection with an exemptive order which RIF received from the SEC, it has committed to a “pass-through” voting procedure which will generally require an Insurance Company to cast votes at RIF meetings as directed by policyholders, and to cast votes for which it has not received voting instructions from policyholders in the same proportion as those for which instructions have been received. Policyholders should review their prospectus for their Policies to determine their rights and responsibilities, and to ascertain when the Insurance Company may disregard voting instructions.

Controlling Shareholders. The Trustees have the authority and responsibility to manage the business of RIF, and hold office unless they retire (or upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 72), resign or are removed by, in substance, a vote of two-thirds of RIF’s Shares outstanding. Insurance Companies that are shareholders of RIF pass through any proxies to be voted to holders of their insurance policies. Under these circumstances, no one person, entity or shareholder “controls” RIF.

At April 11, 2008, the following shareholders owned 5% or more of the voting Shares of the following Funds:

Aggressive Equity Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY VARIABLE LIFE ACCOUNT, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 43.12%, Record. NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 40.41%, Record.

Core Bond Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 60.96%, Record.

NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY VARIABLE LIFE ACCOUNT, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 21.06%, Record.

RIF BALANCED STRATEGY FUND, RUSSELL IM&R, FUND OF FUNDS PORTFOLIO MANAGER, PO BOX 1616, TACOMA WA 98401-1616, 5.52%, Record.

Multi-Style Equity Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 43.01%, Record.

NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY VARIABLE LIFE ACCOUNT, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 42.33%, Record.

Non-U.S. Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 47.88%, Record.

NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY VARIABLE LIFE ACCOUNT, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 41.56%, Record.

Real Estate Securities Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 61.66%, Record.

NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY VARIABLE LIFE ACCOUNT, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 27.17%, Record.

NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT C, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 6.40%, Record.

At April 11, 2008, the following shareholders could be deemed to “control” the following Funds because such shareholder owns more than 25% of the voting Shares of the indicated Fund. A shareholder who “controls” a Fund has the ability to exert a greater influence over the outcome of any proposals on which it is entitled to vote concerning the Fund than do non-controlling shareholders.

Aggressive Equity Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY VARIABLE LIFE ACCOUNT, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 43.12%, Record.

NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 40.41%, Record.

 

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Core Bond Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 60.96%, Record.

Multi-Style Equity Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 43.01%, Record.

NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY VARIABLE LIFE ACCOUNT, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 42.33%, Record.

Non-U.S. Fund — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 47.88%, Record.

NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY VARIABLE LIFE ACCOUNT, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 41.56%, Record.

Real Estate Securities Fund-RIF — NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, COMPANY ACCOUNT B, ATTN MUTUAL FUND ACCOUNTING N13NW, 720 E WISCONSIN AVE, MILWAUKEE WI 53202-4703, 61.66%, Record.

Trustees and officers of RIF as a group own less than 1% of any Fund.

Trustees and Officers. The Board of Trustees is responsible for overseeing generally the operation of the Funds, including reviewing and approving the Funds’ contracts with Russell Investment Management Company (“RIMCo”), the Funds’ Adviser, and the money managers. Generally, a Trustee may be removed at any time by a vote of two-thirds of RIF Shares. A vacancy in the Board shall be filled by a vote of a majority of the remaining Trustees so long as after filling such vacancy, two-thirds of the Trustees have been elected by shareholders. There are five Trustees Emeritus. Trustees Emeritus do not have the power to vote on matters coming before the Board, or to direct the vote of any Trustee, and generally are not responsible or accountable in any way for the performance of the Board’s responsibilities. The officers, all of whom are employed by and are officers of RIMCo or its affiliates, are responsible for the day-to-day management and administration of RIF’s operations.

The trustees and officers of certain Funds also serve in similar positions for funds of funds (the “Funds of Funds”) which invest in different combinations of some of the Funds. Thus, if the interests of a Fund and a Fund of Funds were to diverge, it is possible that a conflict of interest could arise. If such conflict arises, the trustees and officers of the affected Funds, respectively, will take all steps they believe reasonable to manage, and where possible, minimize the potential conflict, including possibly by disclosing the conflict to shareholders.

The Board of Trustees has established a standing Audit Committee, a standing Nominating and Governance Committee and a standing Investment Committee.

RIF’s Board of Trustees has adopted and approved a formal written charter for the Audit Committee, which sets forth the Audit Committee’s current responsibilities. The Audit Committee’s primary functions are: (1) oversight of the Funds’ accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and their internal controls and, as appropriate, the internal controls of certain service providers; (2) oversight of the quality and objectivity of the Funds’ financial statements and the independent audit thereof; and (3) to act as liaison between the Funds’ Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and the full Board. The Audit Committee reviews the maintenance of the Funds’ records and the safekeeping arrangements of RIF’s custodian, reviews both the audit and non-audit work of RIF’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, submits a recommendation to the Board as to the selection of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, and pre-approves (i) all audit and non-audit services to be rendered by the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for RIF, (ii) all audit services provided to RIMCo, or any affiliate thereof that provides ongoing services to RIF, relating to the operations and financial reporting of RIF, and (iii) all non-audit services relating to the operations and financial reporting of RIF, provided to RIMCo, or any affiliate thereof that provides ongoing services to RIF, by any auditors with an ongoing relationship with RIF. It is management’s responsibility to maintain appropriate systems for accounting and internal control and the auditor’s responsibility to plan and carry out a proper audit. Currently, the Audit Committee members consist of Messrs. Raymond P. Tennison, Jr., Daniel P. Connealy, and Jonathan Fine and Ms. Kristianne Blake each of whom is an independent Trustee. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the Audit Committee held five meetings.

RIF’s Board of Trustees has adopted and approved a formal written charter for the Nominating and Governance Committee, which sets forth the Nominating and Governance Committee’s current responsibilities. The primary functions of the Nominating and Governance Committee are to: (1) nominate and evaluate individuals for Trustee membership on the Board, including individuals who are not interested persons of RIF for independent Trustee membership; (2) supervise an annual assessment by the Trustees taking into account such factors as the Committee may deem appropriate; (3) review the composition of the Board; (4) review

 

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IndependentTrustee compensation; and (5) make nominations for membership on all Board committees and review the responsibilities of each committee. The Committee will not consider nominees recommended by Shareholders of the Funds. Currently, the Nominating and Governance Committee members consist of Messr. Raymond P. Tennison and Mses. Julie W. Weston and Kristianne Blake, each of whom is an independent Trustee. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the Nominating and Governance Committee held one meeting.

RIF’s Board of Trustees has adopted and approved a formal written charter for the Investment Committee, which sets forth the Investment Committee’s current responsibilities. The Investment Committee: (1) shall regularly review and monitor the investment strategies and investment performance of the Funds; (2) shall review the kind, scope, and format of, and the time periods covered by, the investment performance data and related reports provided to the Board; (3) may review the investment performance benchmarks and peer groups used in reports delivered to the Board; (4) may review such matters that are related to the investments, investment strategies and investment performance of the Trust’s Funds as would be considered by the Board as the Committee may deem to be necessary or appropriate; and (5) may meet with any officer of the Trusts, or officer or other representative of RIMCo, any subadviser to a fund or other service provider to the Trusts. Currently, the Investment Committee members consist of Ms. Julie W. Weston and Messrs. Thaddas L. Alston, Jack R. Thompson, and Greg J. Stark. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the Investment Committee held four meetings.

RIF paid in the aggregate $35,481 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to the Trustees who are not officers or employees of RIMCo or its affiliates. Trustees are paid an annual retainer plus meeting attendance and chairperson fees, both at the Board and Committee level, in addition to any travel and other expenses incurred in attending Board and Committee meetings. RIF’s officers and employees are paid by RIMCo or its affiliates.

The following tables provide information for each officer and trustee of the Russell Fund Complex. The Russell Fund Complex consists of RIF, which has 10 funds and Russell Investment Company (“RIC”), which has 44 funds. Each of the trustees is a trustee of both RIF and RIC. The first table provides information for the interested trustee. The second table provides information for the independent trustees. The third table provides information for the trustees emeritus. The fourth table provides information for the officers.

 

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Name, Age, Address

  

Position(s) Held

With Fund and Length
of Time Served

  

Term of Office*

  

Principal Occupation(s) During
the Past 5 Years

   No. of
Portfolios in
Russell Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
  

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee

INTERESTED TRUSTEE

#Greg J. Stark

Born May 3, 1968

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

•        President and Chief Executive Officer since 2004

 

•        Trustee since 2007

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

 

•        Until successor is chosen and qualified by Trustees

  

•        President and CEO RIC and RIF

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, RIMCo

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, Russell Fund Services Company (“RFSC”)

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, Russell Financial Services, Inc.

 

•        Chairman of the Board and President, Russell Insurance Agency, Inc. (insurance agency (“RIA”))

 

•        Until 2004, Managing Director, of Individual Investor Services, FRC

 

•        2000 to 2004 Managing Director, Sales and Client Service, RIMCo

   54    None

 

#  Mr. Stark is also an officer and/or director of one or more affiliates of RIC and RIF and is therefore an Interested Trustee.

Name, Age, Address

  

Position(s) Held With
Fund and Length of
Time Served

  

Term of Office*

  

Principal
Occupation(s) During
the Past 5 Years

   No. of
Portfolios in
Russell Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
  

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee

INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES

Thaddas L. Alston

Born April 7, 1945

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

Trustee since 2006

  

Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        Senior Vice President, Larco Investments, Ltd. (real estate firm)

   54    None

Kristianne Blake,

Born January 22, 1954

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

•        Trustee since 2000

 

•        Chairman since 2005

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

 

•        Annual

  

•        Director and Chairman of the Audit Committee, Avista Corp.

 

•        Trustee, and Chairman of the Operations Committee, Principal Funds and Principal Variable Contracts Funds

 

•        Regent, University of Washington

 

•        President, Kristianne Gates Blake, P.S. (accounting services)

 

•        February 2002 to June 2005, Chairman of the Audit Committee, RIC and RIF

 

•        Trustee and Chairman of the Operations and Distribution Committee, WM Group of Funds, 1999-2006

   54   

•        Director, Avista Corp (electric utilities)

 

•        Trustee, Principal Funds (investment company)

 

•        Trustee, Principal Variable Contracts Funds (investment company)

 

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Table of Contents

Name, Age, Address

  

Position(s) Held

With Fund and Length
of Time Served

  

Term of Office

  

Principal Occupation(s) During
the Past 5 Years

   No. of
Portfolios in
Russell Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
  

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee

INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES

Daniel P. Connealy

Born June 6, 1946

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

•        Trustee since 2003

 

•        Chairman of the Audit Committee since 2005

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

 

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        June 2004 to present, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc.

 

•        2001 – 2003, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Janus Capital Group Inc.

   54    None

Jonathan Fine,

Born July 8, 1954

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

Trustee since 2004

  

Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        President and Chief Executive Officer, United Way of King County, WA

   54    None

Raymond P. Tennison, Jr.

Born December 21, 1955

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

•        Trustee since 2000

 

•        Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee since 2007

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

 

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        President, Simpson Investment Company and several additional subsidiary companies, including Simpson Timber Company, Simpson Paper Company and Simpson Tacoma Kraft Company

   54    None

Jack R. Thompson,

Born March 21, 1949

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

Trustee since 2005

  

Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        September 2003 to present, Independent Board Chair and Chairman of the Audit Committee, Sparx Asia Funds

 

•        September 2007 to present, Director, LifeVantage Corporation (health products company)

 

•        May 1999 to May 2003, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, Berger Financial Group, LLC

 

•        May 1999 to May 2003, President and Trustee, Berger Funds

   54   

•        Director, Sparx Asia Funds (investment company)

 

•        Director, LifeVantage Corporation (health products company)

Julie W. Weston,

Born October 2, 1943

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

•        Trustee since 2002

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

  

•        Retired

   54    None
  

•        Chairperson of the Investment Committee since 2006

  

•        Appointed until successor is duly elected and qualified

        

 

*  Each Trustee is subject to mandatory retirement at age 72.

 

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Table of Contents

Name, Age, Address

  

Position(s) Held

With Fund and Length
of Time Served

  

Term of Office

  

Principal Occupation(s) During
the Past 5 Years

   No. of
Portfolios in
Russell Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
  

Other Directorships
Held by Trustee

TRUSTEES EMERITUS

*George F. Russell, Jr.,

Born July 3, 1932

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

Trustee Emeritus and Chairman Emeritus since 1999

  

Until resignation or removal

  

•        Director Emeritus, Frank Russell Company (investment consultant to institutional investors (“FRC”)) and RIMCo

 

•        Chairman Emeritus, RIC and RIF; Russell Implementation Services Inc. (broker-dealer and investment adviser (“RIS”)); Russell 20-20 Association (non-profit corporation); and Russell Trust Company (non-depository trust company (“RTC”))

 

•        Chairman, Sunshine Management Services, LLC (investment adviser)

   54    None

Paul E. Anderson,

Born October 15, 1931

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

Trustee Emeritus since 2007

  

Five year term

  

•        President, Anderson Management Group LLC (private investments consulting)

 

•        Trustee of RIC and RIF until 2006

 

•        February 2002 to June 2005, Lead Trustee, RIC and RIF

 

•        Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee, 2006

   54    None

William E. Baxter,

Born June 8, 1925

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

Trustee Emeritus since 2004

  

Five year term

  

•        Retired since 1986

 

•        Trustee of RIC and RIF until 2004

   54    None

Lee C. Gingrich,

Born October 6, 1930

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

Trustee Emeritus since 2006

  

Five year term

  

•        Retired since 1995

 

•        Trustee of RIC and RIF until 2005

 

•        Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee 2001-2005

   54    None

Eleanor W. Palmer,

Born May 5, 1926

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

  

Trustee Emeritus since 2004

  

Five year term

  

•        Retired since 1981

 

•        Trustee of RIC and RIF until 2004

   54    None

 

* Mr. Russell is also a director emeritus of one or more affiliates of RIC and RIF.

 

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Table of Contents

Name, Age, Address

  

Position(s) Held With Fund and
Length of Time Served

  

Term of Office

  

Principal Occupation(s) During
the Past 5 Years

OFFICERS

Cheryl Wichers

Born December 16, 1966

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

   Chief Compliance Officer since 2005    Until removed by Independent Trustees   

•        Chief Compliance Officer, RIC

 

•        Chief Compliance Officer, RIF

 

•        Chief Compliance Officer, RIMCo

 

•        Chief Compliance Officer, RFSC

 

•        April 2002-May 2005, Manager, Global Regulatory Policy

Greg J. Stark,

Born May 3, 1968

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

   President and Chief Executive Officer since 2004    Until successor is chosen and qualified by Trustees   

•        President and CEO, RIC and RIF

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, RIMCo

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, Russell Financial Services, Inc.

 

•        Chairman of the Board, President and CEO, RFSC

 

•        Chairman of the Board and President, Russell Insurance Agency, Inc. (insurance agency (“RIA”))

 

•        Until 2004, Managing Director of Individual Investor Services, FRC

 

•        2000 to 2004, Managing Director, Sales and Client Service, RIMCo

Mark E. Swanson,

Born November 26, 1963

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

   Treasurer and Chief Accounting Officer since 1998    Until successor is chosen and qualified by Trustees   

•        Treasurer, Chief Accounting Officer and CFO, RIC and RIF

 

•        Director, Funds Administration, RIMCo, RFSC, RTC and Russell Financial Services, Inc.

 

•        Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer, SSgA Funds

Peter Gunning,

Born February 22, 1967

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

   Chief Investment Officer since 2008   

Until removed by

Trustees

  

•        Chief Investment Officer, RIC, RIF

 

•        1996 to 2008 Chief Investment Officer, Russell, Asia Pacific

Gregory J. Lyons,

Born August 24, 1960

 

909 A Street

Tacoma, Washington

98402-1616

   Secretary since 2007   

Until successor is chosen and qualified by

Trustees

  

•        Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary, FRC and RIA

 

•        Director and Secretary, RIMCo, RFSC and Russell Financial Services, Inc.

 

•        Secretary and Chief Legal Counsel, RIC and RIF

 

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Table of Contents

TRUSTEE COMPENSATION TABLE

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007

 

     AGGREGATE
COMPENSATION
FROM RIF
   PENSION OR
RETIREMENT
BENEFITS ACCRUED AS
PART OF RIF EXPENSES
   ESTIMATED
ANNUAL
BENEFITS UPON
RETIREMENT
   TOTAL COMPENSATION
FROM RIF AND RUSSELL
FUND COMPLEX

PAID TO TRUSTEES

INTERESTED TRUSTEE

Greg J. Stark*

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 0    $ 0

INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES

Thaddas L. Alston

   $ 3,507    $ 0    $ 0    $ 98,000

Kristianne Blake

   $ 5,503    $ 0    $ 0    $ 154,000

Daniel P. Connealy

   $ 3,733    $ 0    $ 0    $ 105,000

Jonathan Fine

   $ 3,525    $ 0    $ 0    $ 98,500

Raymond P. Tennison, Jr.

   $ 3,866    $ 0    $ 0    $ 108,000

Jack R. Thompson

   $ 3,520    $ 0    $ 0    $ 98,500

Julie W. Weston

   $ 4,023    $ 0    $ 0    $ 112,500

TRUSTEES EMERITUS

George F. Russell, Jr.

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 0    $ 0

Paul E. Anderson

   $ 1,876    $ 0    $ 0    $ 52,100

Paul Anton, Ph.D.**

   $ 1,482    $ 0    $ 0    $ 41,600

William E. Baxter

   $ 1,482    $ 0    $ 0    $ 41,600

Lee C. Gingrich

   $ 1,482    $ 0    $ 0    $ 41,600

Eleanor W. Palmer

   $ 1,482    $ 0    $ 0    $ 41,600

 

* Mr. Stark was elected to the RIF Board of Trustees effective October 26, 2007.
** Effective December 31, 2007, Dr. Anton’s term as Trustee Emeritus expired.

EQUITY SECURITIES BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY TRUSTEES

FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007

 

INTERESTED TRUSTEE

   DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY
SECURITIES IN EACH FUND
   AGGREGATE DOLLAR RANGE OF
EQUITY SECURITIES IN ALL
REGISTERED INVESTMENT

COMPANIES OVERSEEN BY
TRUSTEES IN RUSSELL FUND
COMPLEX

Greg J. Stark*

   None    Over $100,000

INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES

     

Thaddas L. Alston

   None    Over $100,000

Kristianne Blake

   None    Over $100,000

Daniel P. Connealy

   None    Over $100,000

Jonathan Fine

   None    Over $100,000

Raymond P. Tennison, Jr.

   None    Over $100,000

Jack R. Thompson

   None    Over $100,000

Julie W. Weston

   None    Over $100,000

TRUSTEES EMERITUS

     

George F. Russell, Jr.

   None    None

Paul E. Anderson

   None    Over $100,000

Paul Anton, Ph.D**

   None    Over $100,000

William E. Baxter

   None    $1,000-$10,000

Lee C. Gingrich

   None    Over $100,000

Eleanor W. Palmer

   None    None

 

* Mr. Stark was elected to the RIF Board of Trustees effective October 26, 2007.
** Effective December 31, 2007, Dr. Anton’s term as Trustee Emeritus expired.

 

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Table of Contents

OPERATION OF RIF

Service Providers. Most of RIF’s necessary day-to-day operations are performed by separate business organizations under contract to RIF. The principal service providers are:

 

Money Manager Research Services and Trade Placement Agent

   Frank Russell Company

Adviser

   Russell Investment Management Company

Administrator and Transfer and Dividend Disbursing Agent

   Russell Fund Services Company (“RFSC”)

Money Managers

   Multiple professional discretionary investment management organizations

Custodian and Portfolio Accountant

   State Street Bank and Trust Company

Distributor

   Russell Financial Services, Inc.

Money Manager Research Services and Trade Placement Agent. FRC, the corporate parent of RIMCo, was responsible for organizing and reorganizing RIF and provides ongoing money manager research and trade placement services, to RIF and RIMCo, as described in the Prospectuses. Neither RIF nor RIMCo pays FRC an annual fee for its services.

FRC is a diversified financial services company that provides a variety of financial services and products to and through unincorporated divisions and wholly owned subsidiaries.

As affiliates, FRC and RIMCo may establish certain intercompany cost allocations that reflect the services supplied to RIMCo. George F. Russell, Jr., Trustee Emeritus and Chairman Emeritus of RIC and RIF, is the Chairman Emeritus of FRC. RIMCo is a wholly owned subsidiary of FRC.

FRC is a subsidiary of The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company (“Northwestern Mutual”). Founded in 1857, Northwestern Mutual is a mutual insurance company organized under the laws of Wisconsin. Northwestern Mutual, its subsidiaries and affiliates offer insurance and investment products and advisory services that address client needs for financial protection, capital accumulation, and estate preservation and distribution. Products and services for the personal, business, estate and pension markets include permanent and term life insurance, disability income insurance, long-term care insurance, annuities, trust services and mutual funds.

Adviser and Administrator. RIMCo provides or oversees the provision of all investment advisory and portfolio management services for the Funds, including developing the investment program for each Fund. RFSC, with the assistance of RIMCo and FRC, provides the Funds with office space, equipment and the personnel necessary to operate and administer the Funds’ business and to supervise the provision of services by certain third parties, such as the custodian.

Until January 1, 2008, the Funds paid RIMCo a single management fee for advisory and administrative services. Beginning on January 1, 2008, the Funds began paying an advisory fee to RIMCo and an administrative fee to RFSC. There was no change in the services provided to the Funds or in aggregate fees paid by the Funds for advisory and administrative services.

RIMCo allocates most of each Fund’s assets to multiple money managers. RIMCo exercises investment discretion over the portion of each Fund’s assets that RIMCo determines not to allocate to the money managers and for each Fund’s cash reserves by selecting the individual portfolio securities for those portions of assets. RIMCo may also directly manage portions of a Fund during transitions between money managers.

RIMCo selects, subject to the approval of the Fund’s Board, money managers for the Funds, allocates Fund assets among the money managers, oversees the money managers and evaluates the performance results. The Funds’ money managers select the individual portfolio securities for the assets assigned to them. RIMCo, as agent for RIF, pays the money managers’ fees for the Funds, as a fiduciary for the Funds, out of the advisory fee paid by the Funds to RIMCo. The remainder of the advisory fee is retained by RIMCo as compensation for the services described above and to pay expenses.

 

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Table of Contents

Each of the Funds pays an advisory fee directly to RIMCo and an administrative fee directly to RFSC, billed monthly on a pro rata basis and calculated as a specified percentage of the average daily net assets of each of the Funds. Services which are administrative in nature are provided by RFSC pursuant to an Administrative Agreement for an annual fee of 0.05% of the average daily net asset value of each Fund. (See the applicable Prospectus for the Funds’ annual advisory percentage rates.)

In addition to the advisory and administrative fees payable by the Funds to RIMCo and RFSC, each Fund that invests its cash reserves or collateral received in securities lending transactions in Russell Investment Company’s Money Market Fund pursuant to the terms and conditions of an exemptive order will bear indirectly a proportionate share of the Money Market Fund’s operating expenses, which include the advisory and administrative fees that the Money Market Fund pays to RIMCo and RFSC. The cash reserves and a portion of the securities lending collateral for all Funds are invested in Russell Investment Company’s Money Market Fund. Russell Investment Company is a registered investment company that employs the same investment adviser as Russell Investment Funds. The aggregate annual rate of advisory and administrative fees payable to RIMCo and RFSC on the cash reserves and securities lending collateral invested in Russell Investment Company’s Money Market Fund is 0.10% (net of fee waivers and reimbursements).

The following Funds paid RIMCo the following management fees before waivers and/or reimbursements, for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 gross of fee waivers and reimbursements:

 

Fund

   Amount Paid    Annual Rate
(as a % of average daily net assets)
 
   2007    2006    2005    2007     2006     2005  

Multi-Style Equity

   $ 3,564,736    $ 2,956,187    $ 2,628,640    0.78 %   0.78 %   0.78 %

Aggressive Equity

     2,228,446      2,120,679      1,853,606    0.95     0.95     0.95  

Real Estate Securities

     5,084,058      4,496,850      3,485,812    0.85     0.85     0.85  

Non-U.S.

     3,893,891      3,249,942      2,592,881    0.95     0.95     0.95  

Core Bond

     1,805,318      1,430,934      1,185,677    0.60     0.60     0.60  

RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive a portion of its advisory fee for each Fund, up to the full amount of its fee, to the extent the Fund’s operating expenses exceed specified limits imposed by RIMCo on an annual basis. Additionally, RIMCo has contractually agreed to reimburse each Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that still exceed their respective expense caps. These arrangements are not part of the Advisory Agreement with RIF and may be changed or discontinued.

The expense caps and waivers as of December 31, 2005 were as follows:

 

     EXPENSE CAP     MANAGEMENT
FEES WAIVED
   REIMBURSED
BY RIMCo
   TOTAL EXPENSE
REDUCTION

Multi-Style Equity

   0.87 %   $ 11,971    —      $ 11,971

Aggressive Equity

   1.05       151,071    —        151,071

Real Estate Securities

   1.10       —      —        —  

Non-U.S.

   1.15       288,847    —        288,847

Core Bond

   0.70       37,694    —        37,694

The expense caps and waivers as of December 31, 2006 were as follows:

 

     EXPENSE CAP     MANAGEMENT
FEES WAIVED
   REIMBURSED
BY RIMCo
   TOTAL EXPENSE
REDUCTION

Multi-Style Equity

   0.87 %   $ 25,981    —      $ 25,981

Aggressive Equity

   1.05       155,645    —        155,645

Real Estate Securities

   1.10       7,952    —        7,952

Non-U.S.

   1.15       229,521    —        229,521

Core Bond

   0.70       61,725    —        61,725

The expense caps and waivers as of December 31, 2007 were as follows:

 

     EXPENSE CAP     MANAGEMENT
FEES WAIVED
   REIMBURSED
BY RIMCo
   TOTAL EXPENSE
REDUCTION

Multi-Style Equity

   0.87 %   $ 16,711    —      $ 16,711

Aggressive Equity

   1.05       188,195    —        188,195

Real Estate Securities

   1.10       —      —        —  

Non-U.S.

   1.15       118,717    —        118,717

Core Bond

   0.70       196,054    —        196,054

 

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Table of Contents

The following paragraphs list the current waivers and those that were in effect during the last three fiscal years.

Current Waivers:

Beginning January 1, 2008, for the Multi-Style Equity Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, at least until April 29, 2009, a portion of its 0.73% advisory fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceed 0.87% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceed 0.87% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

Beginning January 1, 2008, for the Aggressive Equity Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, at least until April 29, 2009, a portion of its 0.90% advisory fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceed 1.05% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceed 1.05% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

Beginning January 1, 2008, for the Real Estate Securities Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, at least until April 29, 2009, a portion of its 0.80% advisory fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceed 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceed 1.10% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

Beginning January 1, 2008, for the Non-U.S. Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, at least until April 29, 2009, a portion of its 0.90% advisory fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceed 1.15% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceed 1.15% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

Beginning January 1, 2008, for the Core Bond Fund, RIMCo has contractually agreed to waive, at least until April 29, 2009, a portion of its 0.55% advisory fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total operating expenses exceed 0.70% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceed 0.70% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund.

Past Waivers:

For the Multi-Style Equity Fund, RIMCo contractually agreed to waive through December 31, 2007, a portion of its 0.78% management fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceeded 0.87% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceeded 0.87% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund. As a result of the waivers and/or reimbursements, the Fund paid management fees of $2,616,669, $2,930,206 and $3,548,025 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

For the Aggressive Equity Fund, RIMCo contractually agreed to waive through December 31, 2007, a portion of its 0.95% management fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceeded 1.05% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceeded 1.05% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund. As a result of the waivers and/or reimbursements, the Fund paid management fees of $1,702,535, $1,965,034 and $2,040,251 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

 

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Table of Contents

For the Real Estate Securities Fund, RIMCo contractually agreed to waive through December 31, 2007, a portion of its 0.85% management fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceeded 1.10% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceeded 1.10% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund. As a result of the waivers and/or reimbursements, the Fund paid management fees of $3,485,812, $4,488,898 and $5,084,058 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

For the Non-U.S. Fund, RIMCo contractually agreed to waive through December 31, 2007, a portion of its 0.95% management fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceeded 1.15% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceeded 1.15% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund. As a result of the waivers and/or reimbursements, the Fund paid management fees of $2,304,034, $3,020,421 and $3,775,174 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

For the Core Bond Fund, RIMCo contractually agreed to waive through December 31, 2007, a portion of its 0.60% management fee, up to the full amount of that fee, equal to the amount by which the Fund’s total direct Fund-level operating expenses exceeded 0.70% of the Fund’s average daily net assets on an annual basis and then to reimburse the Fund for all remaining expenses, after fee waivers, that exceeded 0.70% of the average daily net assets on an annual basis. Direct Fund-level operating expenses do not include expenses of other Investment Companies in which the Fund invests which are borne indirectly by the Fund. As a result of the waivers and/or reimbursements, the Fund paid management fees of $1,147,983, $1,369,209 and $1,609,264 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

From its fee, RIMCo, as agent for RIF, pays all fees to the money managers for their investment selection services. The table in the next section entitled “Money Managers” sets forth the fees paid to money managers. The following table sets forth the net management fees retained by RIMCo:

 

          Annual rate  
     Amount Paid    (as a % of average daily net assets)  

Fund

   2007    2006    2005    2007     2006     2005  

Multi-Style Equity

   $ 2,497,788    $ 2,091,536    $ 1,901,986    0.55 %   0.55 %   0.56 %

Aggressive Equity

     1,239,433      1,165,524      1,023,327    0.53     0.52     0.52  

Real Estate Securities

     3,675,972      3,281,310      2,516,985    0.61     0.62     0.61  

Non-U.S.

     2,683,370      2,220,315      1,791,141    0.65     0.65     0.66  

Core Bond

     1,470,197      1,156,916      71,474    0.49     0.48     0.49  

RIMCo is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FRC, a subsidiary of The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company. RIMCo’s mailing address is 909 A Street, Tacoma, WA 98402.

Portfolio Managers. The RIMCo Managers (RIMCo’s employees who manage the Funds, oversee the money managers and have primary responsibility for the management of the Funds) are compensated by RIMCo with salaries, bonuses (paid in cash), profit sharing contributions and a long-term incentive plan. Salaries are fixed annually and are driven by the market place. Bonuses are based on the RIMCo Manager’s performance, which performance is measured both quantitatively (evaluated based on 1-year and 3-year measurement horizons with pre-tax comparisons to both a Fund’s index benchmark and relevant peer group) and qualitatively (evaluated based on the RIMCo Manager’s quality of decisions made for the accounts, contributions to client services efforts and improvement of RIMCo’s investment process). Bonus determinations are made based on performance of all accounts managed by a RIMCo Manager taking into consideration the number of accounts and the assets under management in each account. The market indexes and peer group averages used to evaluate the performance of the Funds are as follows:

 

Multi-Style Equity   

Russell 1000® Index

Lipper® Large-Cap Core Funds (VIP) Average

Aggressive Equity   

Russell 2500™ Index

Lipper® Small-Cap Core Funds (VIP) Average

Russell 2000® Index

Real Estate Securities   

FTSE NAREIT Equity REIT Index

Lipper® Real Estate Funds (VIP) Average

Non-U.S.   

MSCI EAFE® Index Net (USD)

Lipper® International Core Funds (VIP) Average

Core Bond   

Lehman Brothers Aggregate Bond Index

Lipper® BBB-Rated Corporate Debt Funds (VIP) Average

 

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RIMCo Manager evaluations are conducted by asset class directors. Salary and bonus recommendations of the asset class directors are reviewed by the regional chief investment officers. Russell’s compensation committee approves salaries and bonuses after the regional chief investment officers’ recommendations have been reviewed by the Chief Investment Officer.

Profit sharing contributions are made quarterly and are calculated as a percentage of the RIMCo Manager’s salary. The percentage is fixed and is the same percentage for all RIMCo employees who receive profit sharing contributions.

The long-term incentive plan provides key professionals with future cash payments the value of which is tied to FRC’s financial performance. Awards under the long-term incentive plan are based on perceived expected future contribution to the success of FRC. The assessment of expected future contribution is qualitative in nature and is determined by a RIMCo Manager’s manager and approved by senior executives.

RIMCo Managers earning over a specified amount of cash compensation (salary plus bonus) are eligible to participate in the deferred compensation plan which allows the RIMCo Manager to elect to defer a portion of her/his cash compensation. Deferred amounts earn the return of an asset allocated mix of Funds of RIF selected by the RIMCo Manager.

EQUITY SECURITIES BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY RIMCO MANAGERS IN THE FUNDS

THEY MANAGE FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007

 

RIMCO MANAGERS

OF THE FUNDS

   DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY
SECURITIES IN THE FUNDS MANAGED
BY THE RIMCO MANAGER

Bruce A. Eidelson

   $ 10,001-$50,000     Real Estate Securities Fund

James A. Jornlin

     None     Non-U.S. Fund

Brian Mock

     None     Mr. Mock has primary responsibility for the management of the portions of the portfolios of certain Funds allocated to the select holdings strategy which may be employed by certain Funds as described in the prospectuses.

Michael Ruff

     None     Core Bond Fund

Stephen W. Skatrud*

     None **   Multi-Style Equity Fund

Christopher D. Tessin

     None     Aggressive Equity Fund

Dennis J. Trittin*

     None     Multi-Style Equity Fund

 

* Mr. Trittin was the Portfolio Manager for the Multi-Style Equity Fund until April 30, 2008. Effective May 1, 2008, Mr. Skatrud became Portfolio Manager for the Multi-Style Equity Fund.
** The information provided for Mr. Skatrud is as of March 31, 2008.

RIMCo Managers typically manage multiple portfolios. These portfolios may include mutual funds, separate accounts and commingled trusts. Russell’s investment process, which includes money manager selection and allocation, is guided by the principal that all portfolios will be treated in a fair and equitable manner. To adhere to this guiding principal, RIMCo Managers follow a process of constructing portfolios in accordance with regulatory and investment guidelines and then select money managers to fulfill those needs. Specifically, RIMCo Managers make money manager selection and allocation decisions for each portfolio based on a variety of factors relevant to that portfolio. The investment process dictates that RIMCo Managers utilize Russell’s manager research analysis and manager rankings to assist in selecting the most suitable money manager(s) to meet the unique investment needs of the various portfolios they manage.

At the core of Russell’s investment process is a robust oversight and peer review program for money manager selection. It includes the hiring, termination and retention of money managers. This process is overseen by Russell’s Investment Strategy Committee (ISC) and the Asset Class Directors who are responsible for monitoring the portfolio management duties performed within their specific asset class.

 

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Occasionally, a particular money manager may restrict the total amount of capacity they will allocate to Russell portfolios. If, however, the total allocation is too small to be shared in a meaningful size across all Russell portfolios or if the money manager restricts the absolute number of assignments they will accept from Russell, it is the RIMCo Manager’s responsibility to determine which portfolios receive the allocation. These allocations are reviewed and approved by the ISC before implementation. In cases where a RIMCo Manager is managing multiple portfolios and must allocate a manager differently across his funds, both the Asset Class Director and the ISC must review and ratify the recommendations.

OTHER ACCOUNTS MANAGED BY RIMCO MANAGERS

AND ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT IN THE ACCOUNTS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2007

 

RIMCo

Manager

   Number of
Registered
Investment
Companies
   Assets
Under
Management

(in millions)
   Number of
Pooled
Investment
Vehicles
   Assets Under
Management

(in millions)
   Other
Types of
Accounts
   Assets
Under
Management

(in millions)
   Asset Total
(in millions)

Bruce A. Eidelson

   1    $ 2,027.9    6    $ 2,709.9    0    0    $ 4,737.8

James A. Jornlin

   2      5,929.3    8      10,410.2    2    868.2      17,207.7

Brian Mock

   4      622.4    4      648.8    0    0      1,271.2

Michael Ruff

   5      10,553    5      2,700.8    1    1,018.0      14,272.4

Stephen W. Skatrud*

   2      5,764.3    11      10,366.3    0    0      16,130.6

Christopher D. Tessin

   2      2,037.5    6      3,555.0    2    727.6      6,320.1

Dennis J. Trittin**

   2      6,265.9    4      7,718.6    0    0      13,984.5

 

* The information for Mr. Skatrud is as of March 31, 2008. However, Mr. Skatrud did not begin managing any RIF accounts until May 1, 2008.
** Effective May 1, 2008, Mr. Trittin no longer manages any RIF Accounts.

Money Managers. The Funds’ money managers are not affiliates of RIF or RIMCo, other than as discretionary managers for a portion of a Fund’s portfolio. Some money managers (and their affiliates) may effect brokerage transactions for the Funds (see, “Brokerage Allocations” and “Brokerage Commissions”). Money managers may serve as advisers or discretionary managers for Russell Trust Company, other investment vehicles sponsored or advised by FRC or its affiliates, other consulting clients of FRC, other off-shore vehicles and/or for accounts which have no business relationship with the FRC organization.

From its advisory fees, RIMCo, as agent for RIF, pays all fees to the money managers for their investment selection services. Quarterly, each money manager is paid the pro rata portion of an annual fee, based on the average for the quarter of all the assets allocated to the money manager. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, fees paid to the money managers were:

 

Fund

   Amount Paid    Annual rate
(as a % of average daily net assets)
 
     2007    2006    2005    2007     2006     2005  

Multi-Style Equity

   $ 1,066,948    $ 864,651    $ 726,654    0.23 %   0.23 %   0.22 %

Aggressive Equity

     989,013      955,155      830,279    0.42     0.43     0.43  

Real Estate Securities

     1,408,086      1,215,540      968,827    0.24     0.23     0.24  

Non-U.S.

     1,210,521      1,029,627      801,740    0.30     0.30     0.29  

Core Bond

     335,121      274,018      214,203    0.11     0.12     0.11  

Each money manager has agreed that it will look only to RIMCo for the payment of the money manager’s fee, after RIF has paid RIMCo. Fees paid to the money managers are not affected by any voluntary or statutory expense limitations. Some money managers may benefit as a result of brokerage commissions received by their broker-dealer affiliates that execute portfolio transactions for the Funds.

Distributor. Russell Financial Services, Inc. (the “Distributor”) serves as the distributor of RIF Shares. The Distributor receives no compensation from RIF for its services. The Distributor distributes shares of the Funds continuously, but reserves the right to suspend or discontinue distribution on that basis. The Distributor is not obligated to sell any specific amount of Fund shares. The Distributor is a wholly owned subsidiary of RIMCo and its mailing address is: 909 A Street, Tacoma, WA 98402.

 

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Custodian and Portfolio Accountant. State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) serves as the custodian for RIF. As custodian, State Street is responsible for the safekeeping of the Funds’ assets and the appointment of any subcustodian banks and clearing agencies. State Street also provides basic portfolio recordkeeping required for each of the Funds for regulatory and financial reporting purposes. The mailing address for State Street Bank and Trust Company is: Josiah Quincy Building 200 Newport Avenue North Quincy, MA 02171.

Transfer and Dividend Disbursing Agent. RFSC serves as transfer and dividend disbursing agent for RIF. For this service, RFSC is paid a fee for transfer agency and dividend disbursing services provided to RIF. RFSC retains a portion of this fee for its services provided to RIF and pays the balance to unaffiliated agents who assist in providing these services. RFSC’s mailing address is: 909 A Street, Tacoma, WA 98402.

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP serves as the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm of RIF. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is responsible for performing annual audits of the financial statements and financial highlights of the Funds in accordance with the auditing standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and a review of federal tax returns. The mailing address of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is 1420 Fifth Avenue, Suite 1900, Seattle, WA 98101.

Codes of Ethics. RIF, RIMCo and the Distributor have each adopted a Code of Ethics as required under SEC Rule 17j-1. These Codes permit personnel subject to the Codes to invest in securities, which may include securities in which the Funds can invest. Personal investments are subject to the regulatory and disclosure provisions of the respective Codes. In addition, each Money Manager has adopted a Code of Ethics under Rule 17j-1. The table below indicates whether each Money Manager’s Code of Ethics permits personnel covered by the Code of Ethics to invest in securities and, where appropriate, to invest in securities in which a Fund advised by that Money Manager may invest.

 

MONEY MANAGER

  

Personal investing

allowed?

  

Are investments in securities owned
by the advised sub-trust allowed?

  

Does the code contain

all of the required

Rule 17j-1 provisions?

AEW Management and Advisors, L.P.    Yes    No    Yes
Altrinsic Global Advisors, LLC    Yes    No    Yes
AQR Capital Management, LLC    Yes    Yes, unless the securities are on a restricted list    Yes
Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder Advisers, LLC    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
ClariVest Asset Management LLC    Yes    No    Yes
Cohen & Steers Capital Management, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Columbus Circle Investors    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
DePrince, Race & Zollo, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Gould Investment Partners LLC    Yes    Yes    Yes
Heitman Real Estate Securities LLC    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Institutional Capital LLC    Yes    No    Yes
INVESCO Institutional (N.A.), Inc., through its INVESCO Real Estate Division    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes

 

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Jacobs Levy Equity Management, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
Metropolitan West Asset Management, LLC    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
MFS Institutional Advisors, Inc.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Montag & Caldwell, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities on a restricted stock list    Yes
Pacific Investment Management Company, LLC    Yes, but must use a registered broker for transactions in publicly traded securities    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders    Yes
PanAgora Asset Management, Inc.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Ranger Investment Management, L.P.    Severely restricts personal trading except for certain specific transactions such as the purchase of mutual fund shares, commercial paper, etc., and sell orders, all subject to approval by the CCO    Yes    Yes
RREEF America L.L.C.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Signia Capital Management, LLC    Severely restricts personal trading, except for managed, fee based accounts with full discretion and certain specific transactions such as the purchase or sale of shares of mutual funds, closed end funds, ETFs and index funds    Yes    Yes
Suffolk Capital Management, LLC    Yes    Yes, but not in securities with pending or possible client buy or sell orders or in securities of which 10% or more are held in portfolios managed by Suffolk    Yes
Turner Investment Partners, Inc.    Yes    Yes, but not in securities in which the adviser has a long or short position and subject to blackout periods    Yes
Tygh Capital Management, Inc.    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes
Wellington Management Company, LLP    Yes    Yes, subject to blackout periods    Yes

Fund Expenses. The Funds will pay all their expenses other than those expressly assumed by RIMCo and RFSC. The principal expense of the Funds is the annual advisory fee and the annual administrative fee, payable to RIMCo and RFSC, respectively. The Funds’ other expenses include: fees for independent accountants, legal, transfer agent, registrar, custodian, dividend disbursement, portfolio and shareholder recordkeeping services and maintenance of tax records; state taxes; brokerage fees and commissions; insurance premiums; association membership dues; fees for filing of reports and registering Shares with regulatory bodies; and such extraordinary expenses as may arise, such as federal taxes and expenses incurred in connection with litigation proceedings and claims and the legal obligations of RIF to indemnify the Trustees, officers, employees, shareholders, distributors and agents with respect thereto. Whenever an expense can be attributed to a particular Fund, the expense is charged to that Fund. Other common expenses are allocated among the Funds based primarily upon their relative net assets.

 

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As of the date of this Statement, RIMCo and RFSC have contractually agreed to waive and/or reimburse until April 29, 2009 all or a portion of their advisory and administrative fees with respect to certain Funds.

Valuation of Fund Shares. The net asset value per share is calculated for each Fund on each business day on which Shares are offered or orders to redeem are tendered. A business day is one on which the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open for regular trading. Currently, the NYSE is open for trading every weekday, except New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.

Net asset value per share is computed for each Fund by dividing the current value of the Fund’s assets less liabilities by the number of Shares of the Fund outstanding and rounding to the nearest cent.

The Non-U.S. and Core Bond Funds’ portfolio securities actively trade on foreign exchanges, which may trade on Saturdays and on days that the Fund does not offer or redeem Shares. The trading of portfolio securities on foreign exchanges on such days may significantly increase or decrease the net asset value of Fund Shares when the shareholder is not able to purchase or redeem Fund Shares. Further, because foreign securities markets may close prior to the time the Fund determines net asset value, events affecting the value of the portfolio securities occurring between the time prices are determined and the time the Fund calculates net asset value may not be reflected in the calculation of net asset value unless RFSC determines that a particular event would materially affect the net asset value.

Valuation of Portfolio Securities. With the exceptions noted below, the Funds value their portfolio securities at “fair market value.” This generally means that equity securities listed and principally traded on any national securities exchange are valued on the basis of the last sale price or, if there were no sales, at the closing bid price, on the primary exchange on which the security is traded. Equity securities traded over-the-counter (“OTC”) are valued on the basis of official closing price. Fixed-income securities are valued on the basis of the closing bid price, and options and futures contracts are valued on the basis of last sale price or settlement price for futures.

Because many fixed-income securities do not trade each day, last sale or bid prices often are not available. As a result, these securities may be valued using prices provided by a pricing service or broker when the prices are believed to be reliable—that is, when the prices reflect the fair market value of the securities.

International equity securities traded on a national securities exchange or OTC are valued on the basis of official closing price.

Short-term securities maturing within 60 days at time of purchase held by the non–money market Funds are also valued at “amortized cost” unless the Board determines that amortized cost does not represent fair value. While amortized cost provides certainty in valuation, it may result in periods when the value of an instrument is higher or lower than the price a Fund would receive if it sold the instrument.

The Funds may value certain securities for which market quotations are not readily available at “fair value,” as determined in good faith pursuant to procedures established by the Board of Trustees and delegated to RFSC to administer. Market quotations for non-U.S. securities, either individually or collectively, may not be considered to be readily available if a significant event, including but not limited to an increase or decrease in U.S. market indices meeting standards of significance specified in the procedures established by the Board (which standards of significance are subject to change), occurs after the close of the non-U.S. markets on which such securities are traded. If you hold Shares in a Fund that holds portfolio securities listed primarily on non-U.S. exchanges, the net asset value of that Fund’s Shares may change on a day when you will not be able to purchase or redeem that Fund’s Shares. This is because the value of those portfolio securities may change on weekends or other days when that Fund does not price its Shares.

Portfolio Transaction Policies. Generally, securities are purchased for the Funds for investment income and/or capital appreciation and not for short-term trading profits. However, the Funds may dispose of securities without regard to the time they have been held when such action, for defensive or other purposes, appears advisable to their money managers.

The portfolio turnover rates for certain multi-manager Funds are likely to be somewhat higher than the rates for comparable mutual funds with a single money manager. Decisions to buy and sell securities for each Fund are made by a money manager independently from other money managers. Thus, one money manager could decide to sell a security when another money manager for the same Fund decides to purchase the same security, thereby increasing the Fund’s portfolio turnover ratios and brokerage commissions. The Funds’ changes of money managers may also result in a significant number of portfolio sales and purchases, as the new money manager restructures the former money manager’s portfolio.

 

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The Funds do not give significant weight to attempting to realize long-term, rather than short-term, capital gains when making portfolio management decisions.

Portfolio Turnover Rate. The portfolio turnover rate for each Fund is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the particular year, by the monthly average value of the portfolio securities owned by the Fund during the past 13 months. For purposes of determining the rate, all short-term securities, including options, futures, forward contracts, and repurchase agreements, are excluded. Significant variations in the portfolio turnover rates for any Fund generally are primarily attributable to money manager changes, market volatility, and duration of portfolio investments. Variations in the portfolio turnover rate for the Core Bond Fund are also the result of certain securities reaching their scheduled maturity in 2007 and investments in derivatives.

The portfolio turnover rates for the last two fiscal years for each Fund were:

 

     Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2007
    Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2006
 

Multi-Style Equity

   135.80 %   128.33 %

Aggressive Equity

   179.82     183.55  

Real Estate Securities

   76.84     52.63  

Non-U.S.

   106.21     110.77  

Core Bond

   964.78     452.50  

A high portfolio turnover rate generally will result in higher brokerage transaction costs and may result in higher levels of realized capital gains or losses with respect to a Fund’s portfolio securities (see “Taxes”).

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings. The Funds maintain portfolio holdings disclosure policies that govern the timing and circumstances of disclosure to shareholders and third parties of information regarding the portfolio investments held by a Fund. These portfolio holdings disclosure policies have been approved by the Board of Trustees. Disclosure of portfolio holdings information may only be made pursuant to these Board-approved policies and procedures.

Disclosure of a Fund’s portfolio holdings may only occur if such disclosure is consistent with the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws and the fiduciary duties of the Fund and its adviser. Disclosure is permissible only when a Fund, as determined by the Board of Trustees or Chief Compliance Officer, has legitimate business purposes for such disclosure and the recipients are subject to a written confidentiality agreement, which includes a duty not to trade on non-public information.

Public Disclosures of Portfolio Holdings Information

Disclosure of a Fund’s complete holdings as of the end of each fiscal quarter is required to be made quarterly within 60 days of the end of each fiscal quarter in the Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report to Fund shareholders and in the quarterly holdings report on Form N-Q. These reports are available, free of charge, on the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. The Funds’ top ten portfolio holdings will be distributed to each shareholder (i.e. the insurance companies) no later than 15 calendar days after each month end. RIF’s shareholders may redistribute RIF’s top ten holdings to owners of variable insurance products for which RIF is an investment option.

Upon the occurrence of an unexpected, out of the ordinary event with respect to one or more portfolio holdings or the market as a whole, RIMCo may, consistent with the statement of policy set forth above and with the prior approval of the Chief Compliance Officer, prepare and make available on the Funds’ website a statement relating to such event which may include information regarding the Funds’ portfolio holdings.

Portfolio managers and other senior officers or spokespersons of the Funds may disclose or confirm the ownership of any individual portfolio holdings position to reporters, brokers, shareholders, consultants or other interested persons only if such information has been previously publicly disclosed in accordance with the portfolio holdings disclosure policies.

A Fund may pay for any portion of a redemption amount in excess of $250,000 by a distribution of in-kind securities from the Fund’s portfolio, instead of in cash. Prior to making an in-kind distribution, RIMCo will notify the redeeming Shareholder that all information regarding the Fund’s portfolio holdings is non-public and confidential, may not be disclosed to others and may not be used as the basis for any trading decisions.

 

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Non-Public Disclosures of Portfolio Holdings Information

RIMCo and the money managers may periodically distribute lists of applicable investments held by the Funds for the purpose of facilitating management of the Funds’ portfolios and receipt of relevant research. Mellon Analytical Solutions, FactSet Research Systems Inc., Vestek, Advent Software, Inc., Cigna, Interactive Data Corporation and Electra Information Systems provide such services to RIMCo and the money managers and as such receive monthly, weekly and daily portfolio holdings, respectively. RIMCo and the money managers of the funds may periodically distribute a list of the issuers and securities which are covered by their research department as of a particular date, but in no case will such a list identify an issuer’s securities as either currently held or anticipated to be held by the Funds or identify Fund position sizes.

In addition, the Funds’ custodian generates daily portfolio holdings information in connection with its services to the Funds. Confluence Technologies, Inc. (“CTI”), GCOM2 Solutions, Inc. (“GSI”), and Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc. (“ISS”) provide performance reporting services, tax filing services, and proxy voting and class action registration services to RIMCo, respectively. CTI and ISS receive daily portfolio holdings information in connection with their services to RIMCo, while GSI receives such information quarterly. Such service providers must keep the portfolio holdings information confidential and cannot trade based on the non-public information. There is no lag between the date of such portfolio holdings information and the date on which the information is disclosed to the service providers.

From time to time rating and ranking organizations such as Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s, Morningstar, Inc. and Lipper Analytical Services may request complete portfolio holdings information in connection with rating the Funds. In order to facilitate the review of the Funds by these rating agencies, the Funds may distribute (or authorize their service providers to distribute) portfolio holdings information to such ratings agencies before their public disclosure is required or authorized, provided that (a) the recipient does not distribute the information or results of analyses to third parties, other departments or persons who are likely to use the information for purposes of purchasing or selling the Fund shares before the information or results of analyses become public information and (b) the recipient is subject to a confidentiality agreement, which includes a duty not to trade on non-public information.

Administration of the Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Policies

The Chief Compliance Officer will exercise oversight of disclosures of the Funds’ portfolio holdings. It is the duty of the Chief Compliance Officer or her designee to ensure that all disclosures of the portfolio holdings of a Fund are in the best interests of such Fund’s shareholders. It is the responsibility of each business unit with access to portfolio holdings, including Investment Operations and Investment Management and Research, to inform the Chief Compliance Officer of any third parties receiving portfolio holdings information which has not previously been disclosed. The Chief Compliance Officer is also responsible for monitoring for conflicts of interest between the interests of Fund shareholders and the interests of the Funds’ investment adviser, principal underwriter, or any affiliated person of the Funds, their investment adviser or their principal underwriter. Every violation of the portfolio holdings disclosure policies must be reported to the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer. If the Chief Compliance Officer deems that such violation constitutes a “Material Compliance Matter” within the meaning of Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act, the violation will be reported to the Funds’ Boards of Trustees, as required by Rule 38a-1. The Chief Compliance Officer also has the discretion to report other compliance matters arising under the portfolio holdings disclosure policies to the Board of Trustees.

Disclosure of the Funds’ portfolio holdings made in accordance with these procedures is authorized by the Funds’ Board of Trustees. The portfolio holdings disclosure policies may not be waived, and exceptions may not be made, without the consent of the Funds’ Board of Trustees; provided however, that waivers or exceptions in connection with operational or administrative functions may be made with the prior consent of the Chief Compliance Officer. All such waivers and exceptions by the Chief Compliance Officer will be disclosed to the Board of Trustees no later than its next regularly scheduled quarterly meeting.

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures. The Board has delegated to RIMCo, as RIF’s investment adviser, the primary responsibility for monitoring, evaluating and voting proxies solicited by or with respect to issuers of securities in which assets of the Funds may be invested. RIMCo has established a proxy voting committee (“Committee”) and has adopted written proxy voting policies and procedures (“P&P”) and proxy voting guidelines (“Guidelines”). RIMCo has also hired a third party service provider to serve as proxy administrator (“Administrator”), although RIMCo (whether acting directly or through the Committee) retains final authority with respect to proxy voting.

The P&P are designed to ensure that proxy voting decisions are made in accordance with the best interests of RIMCo’s clients and to enable the Committee to resolve any material conflicts of interest between the Funds on the one hand, and RIMCo or its affiliates, on the other, before voting proxies with respect to a matter in which such a conflict may be present. In order to assure that proxies are voted in accordance with the best interests of clients at all times, the P&P authorize votes to be cast in accordance with the Guidelines and delegate to the Administrator responsibility for performing research and making recommendations in accordance with the Guidelines. Conflicts are addressed in the P&P by requiring the implementation of a process requiring additional diligence and documentation if ballots are not voted in accordance with the Guidelines or pursuant to the recommendation of the Proxy Administrator.

 

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The Guidelines address matters that are commonly submitted to shareholders of a company for voting, including, but not limited to, issues relating to corporate governance, auditors, the board of directors, capital structure, executive and director compensation, and mergers and corporate restructurings. Subject to the supervision and oversight of the Committee, and the authority of the Committee to intervene with respect to a particular proxy matter, the Administrator is obligated to vote all proxies as set forth in the Guidelines.

The following are examples of certain types of issues that are covered in the Guidelines and how the proxies are generally voted.

 

   

Proxies will generally be voted for routine agenda items such as the opening of the shareholder meeting; the presence of quorum; regulatory filings; the designation of inspector or shareholder representatives of minutes of meeting; the allowance of questions; the publication of minutes; and the closing of the shareholder meeting.

 

   

In connection with director and officer indemnification and liability protection, proxies will generally be voted: against proposals to limit or eliminate entirely director and officer liability for monetary damages for violating the duty of care; against indemnification proposals that would expand coverage beyond coverage of legal expenses to coverage of acts, that are more serious violations of fiduciary obligations than mere carelessness; and for only those proposals that provide such expanded coverage in cases when a director’s or officer’s legal defense was unsuccessful if the director was found to have acted in good faith and in a manner that he or she reasonably believed was in the best interests of the company.

 

   

In certain corporate governance matters, proxies will generally be voted: for proposals seeking to amend a company’s articles of association, procedures, processes and/or other company documents unless the Administrator recommends a vote against such matter, in which case such vote will be determined on a case-by-case basis; for mergers and acquisitions and corporate restructuring proposals unless the Administrator recommends a vote against, in which case such vote will be determined on a case-by-case basis; against proposals to classify the board; for shareholder proposals that ask a company to submit its poison pill for shareholder ratification unless the Administrator recommends a vote against, in which case such vote will be determined on a case-by-case basis; and against management proposals to require a supermajority shareholder vote to approve charter and bylaw amendments.

 

   

In regards to changes to a company’s capital structure, proxies are generally voted against proposals that seek to increase the authorized common or preferred stock by twice the present limit, unless the increase is in connection with a stock split or merger that was voted in favor of. If the company does not have any preferred shares outstanding, proxies will generally be voted against the requested authorization unless the Administrator recommends a vote for, in which case such vote will be determined on a case-by-case basis.

 

   

Generally, proxies are voted for executive and director stock option plans unless the Administrator recommends a vote against such matter, in which case additional criteria specified in the Guidelines will apply and such vote may be determined on a case-by-case basis.

 

   

In connection with social and environmental matters, proxies will generally be voted for management social, political or environmental proposals unless the Administrator recommends a vote against such matter, in which case such vote will be determined on a case-by-case basis. However, in regards to shareholder social, political, nuclear safety, land use, ecological or environmental proposals, proxies will be registered as abstentions.

Where a voting matter is not specifically addressed in the Guidelines or there is a question as to the outcome, the Administrator is obligated to request additional direction from the Committee. The Administrator is obligated to maintain records of all votes received, all votes cast and other relevant information.

Information on how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available, without charge, at http://www.russell.com and on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

Brokerage Allocations. Subject to the arrangements and provisions described below, the selection of a broker or dealer to execute portfolio transactions is made either by the money manager or by RIMCo. RIF’s agreements with RIMCo and the money managers provide that in executing portfolio transactions and selecting brokers or dealers, the principal objective is to seek best execution. The factors that may be considered in assessing the best execution available for any transaction, include the breadth of the market in the security, the price of the security, the financial condition and execution capability of the broker or dealer, the reasonableness of the

 

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commission, if any, and the value of research services (as that term is defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). In assessing whether the best overall terms have been obtained, RIMCo and the money managers are not obligated to select the broker offering the lowest commission. Any commission, fee or other remuneration paid to an affiliated broker-dealer is paid in compliance with RIF’s procedures adopted in accordance with Rule 17e-1 of the 1940 Act.

In the case of securities traded in the over-the-counter market and depending on where the money manager or RIMCo believes best execution is available, portfolio transactions may be effected either (1) on an agency basis, which involves the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions to the broker-dealer, including electronic communication networks, or (2) on a principal basis at net prices, which include compensation to the broker-dealer in the form of a mark-up or mark-down without commission.

A money manager may effect portfolio transactions for the segment of a Fund’s portfolio assigned to the money manager with a broker-dealer affiliated with RIMCo or the money manager, as well as with brokers affiliated with other money managers.

The Funds effect certain transactions through Russell Implementation Services Inc. (“RIS”) and its global network of unaffiliated correspondent brokers. RIS is a registered broker and investment adviser and an affiliate of RIMCo. Trades placed through RIS and its correspondents are made (i) to manage trading associated with changes in managers, rebalancing across existing managers, cash flows and other portfolio transitions, or (ii) to execute portfolio securities transactions for the portion of each Fund’s assets that RIMCo determines not to allocate to money managers, including assets allocated to the “select holdings” strategy, and for each Fund’s cash reserves.

The Funds effect certain transactions through BNY ConvergeEX Group – LJR Recapture Services (“LJR”) and its global network of correspondent brokers. LJR is a registered broker and is not an affiliate of the Funds or RIMCo. Trades placed through LJR and its correspondents are used to generate commission rebates to the Funds on whose behalf the trades were made. For purposes of trading to generate commission rebates to the Funds, the Funds’ money managers are requested to and RIMCo may, with respect to transactions it places, effect transactions with or through LJR and its correspondents or other brokers only to the extent that the Funds will receive competitive execution, price and commissions. In addition, RIMCo recommends targets for the amount of trading that money managers allocate through LJR based upon asset class, investment style and other factors

LJR retains a portion of all commissions generated to provide commission recapture to the Funds. Trades through RIS for transition services and manager funding (i.e. brokerage arrangements designed to reduce costs and optimize performance during the transition of Fund assets upon the hiring, termination or additional funding of a money manager) are at ordinary and customary commission rates and do not result in commission rebates or accrued credits for the procurement of research related services.

Additionally, a money manager may independently effect transactions through RIS, LJR or a broker affiliated with the money manager or another money manager to obtain research services for its own use. Research services provided to a money manager are required by law to benefit the Fund generating the trading activity but may also benefit other funds and clients managed or advised by the money manager. Similarly, the Funds may benefit from research services provided with respect to trading by those other funds and clients.

Brokerage Commissions. During the last three years, the total brokerage Commissions paid by the Funds were:

 

     Year Ended December 31,
     2007    2006    2005

Multi-Style Equity

   $ 734,378    $ 692,455    $ 709,403

Aggressive Equity

     723,478      635,759      486,096

Real Estate Securities

     665,223      562,778      547,854

Non-U.S.

     878,857      704,910      573,810

Core Bond

     10      6,868      —  
                    

Total

   $ 3,001,946    $ 2,602,770    $ 2,317,163
                    

The Core Bond Fund normally does not pay a stated brokerage commission on transactions, but may pay brokerage commissions on trading associated with changes in money managers.

The principal reasons for changes in several Funds’ brokerage commissions were (1) changes in Fund asset size, (2) changes in market conditions, and (3) changes in money managers of certain Funds, which required substantial portfolio restructurings, resulting in increased securities transactions and brokerage commissions.

During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, approximately $174,995 of the brokerage commissions of the Funds were directed to brokers who provided research services to RIMCo. The research services included industry and company analysis, portfolio strategy reports, economic analysis, and statistical data pertaining to the capital markets. Effective January 1, 2008, transactions effected through LJR are used solely to generate commission rebates to the Funds and no longer to obtain research services.

 

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Gross brokerage commissions received by affiliated broker/dealers from affiliated money managers for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 from portfolio transactions effected for the Funds, were as follows:

 

     2007     2006     2005  

Affiliated Broker/Dealer

   Commissions    Percent of
total

Commissions
    Commissions    Percent of
total

Commissions
    Commissions    Percent of
total
Commissions
 

David J. Greene and Company, LLC Aggressive Equity

   $ 0    0.00 %   $ 1,241    0.05 %   $ 2,338    0.10 %

Russell Implementation Services, Inc.

               

Multi-Style Equity

     105,858    3.53       122,678    4.71       339,640    14.66  

Aggressive Equity

     136,947    4.56       95,777    3.68       19,248    0.83  

Real Estate Securities

     62,319    2.08       0    0       36,212    1.56  

Non-U.S.

     90,341    3.01       120,010    4.61       138,485    5.98  

Core Bond

          6,863    0.26       0    0  

Total

     395,465    13.18       345,358    13.26       533,585    23.03  

Geewax, Terker & Co. Aggressive Equity

     472    0.02       338,465    0.00       0    0.00  

Total

   $ 395,937    13.20 %   $ 339,706    13.31 %   $ 538,259    23.13 %
                                       

During the year ended December 31, 2007 the Funds purchased securities issued by the following regular brokers or dealers as defined by Rule 10b-1 of the 1940 Act, each of which is one of the Funds’ ten largest brokers or dealers by dollar amounts of securities executed or commissions received on behalf of the Funds. The value of broker-dealer securities held as of December 31, 2007 was as follows:

 

Fund Name

   Deutsche Bank
Securities, Inc.
   Credit Suisse
First Boston
Corp.
   J.P. Morgan
Securities, Inc.
   Goldman, Sachs
& Co.
   Lehman Brothers,
Inc.

Multi-Style Equity Fund

            $ 4,587,016    $ 1,020,864

Aggressive Equity Fund

              

Real Estate Securities Fund

              

Non-U.S. Fund

   $ 445,354    $ 841,663         

Core Bond Fund

     622,184      797,375    $ 2,488,349      3,919,635      4,506,466
   $ 1,067,538    $ 1,639,038    $ 2,488,349    $ 8,506,651    $ 5,527,330

Fund Name

   Banc of America
Securities LLC
   Barclays
Investments, Inc.
   Citigroup Global
Markets, Inc.
   Merrill Lynch,
Pierce, Fenner &
Smith, Inc.
   Investment
Technology
Group, Inc.

Multi-Style Equity Fund

   $ 2,636,514       $ 2,422,912      

Aggressive Equity Fund

              

Real Estate Securities Fund

              

Non-U.S. Fund

      $ 324,317         

Core Bond Fund

     7,814,562      2,129,218      5,116,144    $ 3,027,082   
   $ 10,451,076    $ 2,453,535    $ 7,539,056    $ 3,027,082    $ 0

 

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INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS, POLICIES AND CERTAIN INVESTMENTS

Each Fund’s investment objective is “non-fundamental.” A non-fundamental investment objective means that it may be changed without the approval of a majority of each Fund’s shareholders. If a Fund’s investment objective is changed by the Board of Trustees, the Prospectus will be supplemented to reflect the new investment objective. Certain investment policies and restrictions may be “fundamental,” which means that they may only be changed with the approval of a majority of each Fund’s shareholders. The vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each Fund means the vote of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the voting securities of the Fund present at the meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund are present or represented by proxy; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Other policies and restrictions may be changed by a Fund without shareholder approval. The Funds’ investment objectives are set forth in the Prospectus.

Investment Restrictions. Each Fund is subject to the following fundamental investment restrictions. Unless otherwise noted, these restrictions apply on a Fund-by-Fund basis at the time an investment is being made. No Fund may:

1. Purchase securities if, as a result of such purchase, the Fund’s investments would be concentrated, within the meaning of the 1940 Act, in securities of issuers in a particular industry or group of industries. Investments in other investment companies shall not be considered an investment in any particular industry or group of industries for purposes of this investment restriction. This investment restriction shall not apply to securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities or securities of other investment companies. This investment restriction shall not apply to the Real Estate Securities Fund. The Real Estate Securities Fund may invest in the securities of companies directly or indirectly engaged in the real estate industry without limitation as to concentration.

2. Purchase or sell real estate; provided that a Fund may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by companies which invest in real estate or interests therein.

3. Purchase or sell commodities except that a Fund may purchase or sell currencies, may enter into futures contracts on securities, currencies and other indices or any other financial instruments, and may purchase and sell options on such futures contracts. No Fund may purchase or sell interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs.

4. Borrow money, except that a Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, or to the extent permitted by any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.

5. Act as an underwriter except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter when disposing of securities it owns or when selling its own shares.

6. Make loans to other persons except (a) through the lending of its portfolio securities, (b) through the purchase of debt securities, loan participations and/or engaging in direct corporate loans in accordance with its investment objectives and policies, (c) to the extent the entry into a repurchase agreement is deemed to be a loan, or (d) to affiliated investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or any exemptions therefrom that may be granted by the SEC.

7. Issue securities senior to the Fund’s presently authorized shares of beneficial interest except that this restriction shall not be deemed to prohibit a Fund from (a) making any permitted borrowings, loans, mortgages or pledges, (b) entering into options, futures contracts, forward contracts, repurchase transactions, or reverse repurchase transactions, or (c) making short sales of securities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and any rule or order thereunder.

With regards to investment restriction 1, above, the staff of the SEC has taken the position that a fund is concentrated if it invests 25% or more of the value of its total assets in any one industry or group of industries. The Real Estate Securities Fund concentrates its investments in real estate securities. With regards to investment restriction 4, above, this restriction applies constantly and not only at the time a borrowing is made.

With regards to investment restriction 6, above, each Fund may lend its portfolio securities in an amount not to exceed 33 1/3% of total fund assets. The Funds may invest without limit in repurchase agreements so long as they abide by their investment objective, investment restrictions, and all 1940 Act requirements, including diversification requirements. Loans to affiliated investment companies are not presently permitted by the 1940 Act in the absence of an exemption from the SEC. The Funds have received exemptive relief from the SEC to loan money to affiliated investment companies.

 

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With regards to investment restriction 7, above, permitted borrowings refer to borrowings by the Fund as permitted by the 1940 Act.

Each Fund is also subject to the following non-fundamental investment restriction (restrictions that can be changed by the Trustees without shareholder approval). Unless otherwise noted, this restriction applies on a Fund-by-Fund basis at the time an investment is being made.

No Fund may borrow money for purposes of leveraging or investment.

Under the 1940 Act, each Fund is presently permitted to borrow up to 5% of its total assets from any person for temporary purposes, and may also borrow from banks, provided that if borrowings exceed 5%, the Fund must have assets totaling at least 300% of the borrowing when the amount of the borrowing is added to the company’s other assets. Put another way, an investment company may borrow, in the aggregate, from banks and others, amounts up to one-third (33 1/3%) of its total assets (including those assets represented by the borrowing). Accordingly, if a Fund were required to pledge assets to secure a borrowing, it would pledge no more than one-third (33 1/3%) of its assets.

The Funds will not purchase additional securities while outstanding cash borrowings exceed 5% of total assets.

A Fund may, from time to time, take temporary defensive positions that are inconsistent with the Fund’s principal investment strategies in attempting to respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions. During these times, a Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents, shares of money market mutual funds, commercial paper, zero coupon bonds, repurchase agreements, and other securities RIMCo believes to be consistent with the Fund’s best interests. During a period in which a Fund takes a temporary defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

As an open-end investment company registered with the SEC, the Funds are subject to the federal securities laws, including the 1940 Act, related rules, and various SEC, and SEC staff, positions. Further, in accordance with these positions, with respect to certain kinds of derivatives, the Funds must “set aside” (referred to sometimes as “asset segregation”) liquid assets, or engage in other SEC- or staff-approved measures, while the derivatives contracts are open. For example, with respect to forwards and futures contracts that are not contractually required to “cash-settle,” the Funds must cover their open positions by setting aside liquid assets equal to the contracts’ full, notional value. With respect to forwards and futures that are contractually required to “cash-settle,” however, the Funds are permitted to set aside liquid assets in an amount equal to the Funds’ daily marked-to-market (net) obligations, if any (i.e., the Funds’ daily net liability, if any), rather than the notional value.

Investment Policies.

The investment objective and principal investment strategies for each of the Funds are provided in the Prospectus. The following table illustrates the principal and non-principal investments in which the Funds invest. The Funds may not invest in all of the investments listed below. The Funds use investment techniques commonly used by other mutual funds.

 

Fund

  

Principal Investments

  

Non-Principal Investments

Multi-Style Equity Fund   

Common Stocks

American Depositary Receipts

  

Cash Reserves

Lending Portfolio Securities

Derivatives to expose cash reserves to markets

Aggressive Equity Fund   

Common Stocks

American Depositary Receipts

Equity securities of real estate companies, including REITs

  

Cash Reserves

Lending Portfolio Securities

Illiquid Securities

Derivatives to expose cash reserves to markets

 

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Real Estate Securities Fund   

Equity securities of real estate companies, including REITs

Foreign Securities

  

Cash Reserves

Lending Portfolio Securities

Illiquid Securities

Depositary Receipts

Non-U.S. Fund   

Common Stocks

Depositary Receipts

Preferred Stocks

Foreign Securities

Forward Currency Contracts

Emerging Market Securities

  

Cash Reserves

Lending Portfolio Securities

Illiquid Securities

Warrants and Convertible Securities

Derivatives

Synthetic foreign equity securities

Equity securities of real estate companies, including REITs

Equity linked notes

Core Bond Fund   

U.S. Government Securities, including TIPS and zero coupon securities

Debt Securities including corporate debt, asset-backed securities and mortgage-backed securities, including collateralized mortgage obligations and commercial mortgage backed securities

Below investment grade or junk bonds

Foreign Securities

Derivatives

When issued and forward commitment securities

Swaps and Swaptions

STRIPS

Loans and other direct indebtedness

Emerging markets debt, including Brady Bonds

Illiquid Securities

Credit and Liquidity enhancements

  

Municipal Obligations

Cash Reserves

Repurchase Agreements

Lending Portfolio Securities

Investment Company Securities and pooled investment vehicles

The following discussion describes certain investment strategies which the Funds may pursue and certain types of securities which the Funds may invest as listed in the foregoing table.

The Multi-Style Equity, Aggressive Equity, Real Estate Securities and Non-U.S. Funds are referred to collectively as the “Equity Funds.”

General Investment Strategies and Portfolio Instruments

Cash Reserves and Being Fully Invested. A Fund at times has to sell portfolio securities in order to meet redemption requests. The selling of securities may affect a Fund’s performance since securities are sold for other than investment reasons. A Fund can avoid selling its portfolio securities by holding adequate levels of cash to meet anticipated redemption requests (“cash reserves”). The cash reserves may also include cash awaiting investment or to pay expenses. The Funds intend to be fully invested at all times. To do so, RIMCo or a money manager invests the Funds’ cash reserves in short term instruments, including the RIC Money Market Fund. In addition to investing in such short term investments, as described below, a Fund may pursue its strategy to be fully invested by exposing its cash reserves to the performance of appropriate markets by purchasing equity securities, fixed-income securities and/or derivatives. This is intended to cause a Fund to perform as though its cash reserves were actually invested in those markets.

Each Fund that invests its cash reserves in RIC’s Money Market Fund does so pursuant to exemptive relief from the SEC. The relief requires that any investment of cash reserves in affiliated money market funds will not exceed 25% of the investing Fund’s total assets. The Money Market Fund seeks to maximize current income to the extent consistent with the preservation of capital and liquidity by investing solely in short–term money market instruments. The Funds will invest cash reserves in RIC’s Money Market Fund only so long as it does not adversely affect the portfolio management and operations of the Money Market Fund and RIF’s other Funds. The Money Market Fund, and the Funds investing in it, treat such investments as the purchase and redemption of the Money Market Fund’s Shares. Any Fund investing in a money market fund pursuant to this procedure participates equally on a pro rata basis in all income, capital gains, and net assets of the money market fund, and will have all rights and obligations of a shareholder as

 

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provided in RIC’s Master Trust Agreement, including voting rights. However, Shares of a money market fund issued to other Funds will be voted by the Trustees in the same proportion as the Shares of the money market fund that are held by shareholders that are not Funds. In addition to the advisory and administrative fees payable by the Funds to RIMCo and RFSC, respectively, each Fund that invests its cash reserves in the RIC Money Market Fund pursuant to the terms and conditions of an exemptive order will bear indirectly a proportionate share of the Money Market Fund’s operating expenses, which include the advisory and administrative fees that the Money Market Fund pays to RIMCo and RFSC, respectively. The cash reserves for all Funds are invested in RIC’s Money Market Fund. The aggregate annual rate of advisory and administrative fees payable to RIMCo and RFSC on the cash reserves invested in the Money Market Fund is 0.10% (net of fee waivers and reimbursements). The SEC exemptive order requires that the Funds’ Board determine that the advisory fees incurred in connection with the investment of cash reserves in affiliated money market funds are not for duplicative services.

Hedging Strategies. Financial futures contracts may be used by the Funds during or in anticipation of adverse market events such as, in the case of the Core Bond Fund, interest rate changes. For example: if interest rates were anticipated to rise, financial futures contracts may be sold (short hedge) which would have an effect similar to selling bonds. Once interest rates increase, fixed–income securities held in a Fund’s portfolio may decline, but the futures contract value may decrease, partly offsetting the loss in value of the fixed–income security by enabling the Fund to repurchase the futures contract at a lower price to close out the position.

The Funds may purchase a put and/or sell a call option on a stock index futures contract instead of selling a futures contract in anticipation of an equity market decline. Purchasing a call and/or selling a put option on a stock index futures contract is used instead of buying a futures contract in anticipation of an equity market advance, or to temporarily create an equity exposure for cash reserves until those balances are invested in equities. Options on financial futures are used in a similar manner in order to hedge portfolio securities against anticipated market changes.

Risk Associated with Hedging Strategies. There are certain investment risks involved with using futures contracts and/or options as a hedging technique. One risk is the imperfect correlation between price movement of the futures contracts or options and the price movement of the portfolio securities, stock index or currency subject of the hedge. There is no assurance that the price of taxable securities will move in a similar manner to the price of tax exempt securities. Another risk is that a liquid secondary market may not exist for a futures contract causing a Fund to be unable to close out the futures contract thereby affecting the Fund’s hedging strategy.

In addition, foreign currency options and foreign currency futures involve additional risks. Such transactions may not be regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United States; may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees; and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities. The value of such positions could also be adversely affected by (1) other complex foreign, political, legal and economic factors, (2) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (3) delays in a Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non– business hours in the United States, (4) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States, and (5) lesser trading volume.

Lending Portfolio Securities. RIF is a party to a Securities Lending Agency Agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company, an unaffiliated lending agent, pursuant to which a Fund may lend securities to other parties (typically brokers, dealers, banks or other financial institutions) who may need to borrow securities in order to complete certain transactions such as covering short sales, avoiding failures to deliver securities or completing arbitrage operations. The borrower provides the Fund with collateral in an amount at least equal to the value of the securities loaned. By lending its portfolio securities, a Fund attempts to increase its net investment income through investment earnings from collateral received or the receipt of negotiated fees on the securities lent.

Each Fund retains most rights of beneficial ownership, including, interest or other distributions on the loaned securities. Any gain or loss in the market price of the securities lent that occurs during the term of the loan would be for the account of the Fund. Voting rights may pass with the lending. A Fund may call loans to vote proxies if a material issue affecting the investment is to be voted upon. Payments received by a Fund in lieu of any dividends paid on the loaned securities will not be treated as “qualified dividend income” for purposes of determining what portion of a Fund’s dividends received by a Fund and distributed to its shareholders may be taxed at the rates generally applicable to long-term capital gains.

If the borrower defaults on its obligations to return the securities lent because of insolvency or other reasons, a Fund could experience delays and costs in recovering the securities lent or in gaining access to the collateral. These delays could be greater for foreign securities. If a Fund is not able to recover the securities lent, a Fund may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. The value of the collateral could decrease below the value of the replacement security or the value of the replacement security could increase above the value of the collateral by the time the replacement security is purchased.

 

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The Funds invest cash collateral received in high–quality short–term debt instruments, short–term bank collective investment vehicles and money market mutual funds (including a money market fund advised by RIMCo for which RIMCo receives a 0.05% advisory and RFSC receives a 0.05% administrative fee, net of fee waivers and reimbursements), and other investments meeting certain quality and maturity established by the Funds. Income generated from the investment of the cash collateral is first used to pay any negotiated rebate to the borrower of the securities then to pay for lending transaction costs. Any remaining income is divided between the Fund and the lending agent in accordance with the Securities Lending Agency Agreement.

A Fund may incur costs or possible losses in excess of the interest income and fees received in connection with securities lending transactions. To the extent that the value of the cash collateral as invested is insufficient to return the full amount of the collateral plus any negotiated rebate to the borrower upon termination of the loan, a Fund must immediately pay the amount of the shortfall to the borrower.

No Fund may lend portfolio securities in an amount that exceeds 33 1/3% of total fund assets.

Select Holdings. As described in the Prospectuses, RIMCo may employ a “select holdings” strategy for a portion of certain Equity Funds’ assets that RIMCo determines not to allocate to the money managers. Pursuant to this strategy, RIMCo periodically analyzes the holdings in the Fund segments assigned to money managers to identify particular stocks that have been selected by multiple money managers. RIMCo uses a proprietary model to rank these stocks. Based on this ranking, RIMCo purchases additional shares of certain stocks for a Fund. The strategy is designed to increase the Fund’s exposure to stocks that are viewed as attractive by multiple money managers.

Illiquid and Restricted Securities. No more than 15% of a Fund’s net assets will be invested in securities, including repurchase agreements of more than seven days’ duration, that are illiquid. A security is illiquid if it cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which a Fund has valued such security. There may be delays in selling illiquid securities at prices representing their fair value.

The Board of Trustees of the Funds has adopted procedures to permit each Fund to deem as liquid the following types of securities that are otherwise presumed to be illiquid securities: (i) certain restricted securities that are eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A (“Rule 144A Securities”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”); (ii) certain commercial paper issued in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act (“Section 4(2) Paper”); (iii) certain interest-only and principal-only fixed mortgage-backed securities issued by the United States government or its agencies and instrumentalities (collectively, “Eligible MBS”); (iv) certain municipal lease obligations and certificates of participation in municipal lease obligations (collectively, “Municipal Lease Obligations”); and (v) certain restricted debt securities that are subject to unconditional puts or demand features exercisable within seven days (“Demand Feature Securities”).

The expenses of registration of restricted securities that are illiquid (excluding securities that may be resold by the Funds pursuant to Rule 144A) may be negotiated at the time such securities are purchased by a Fund. When registration is required, a considerable period may elapse between a decision to sell the securities and the time the sale would be permitted. Thus, a Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. A Fund also may acquire, through private placements, securities having contractual resale restrictions, which might lower the amount realizable upon the sale of such securities.

Interfund Lending. The Funds have been granted permission from the SEC to participate in a joint lending and borrowing facility (the “Credit Facility”). The Funds may borrow money from the RIC Money Market Fund for temporary purposes. All such borrowing and lending will be subject to a participating fund’s fundamental investment limitations. The RIC Money Market Fund will lend through the program only when the returns are higher than those available from an investment in repurchase agreements or short-term reserves and the Portfolio Manager determines it is in the best interest of the RIC Money Market Fund. The Funds will borrow through the program only when the costs are equal to or lower than the cost of bank loans. Interfund loans and borrowings will be limited to the time required to receive payment for securities sold, but can have a maximum duration of seven days. Loans may be called on one business day’s notice and may be repaid on any day by the borrowing fund. A participating fund may have to borrow from a bank at a higher interest rate if an interfund loan is called or not renewed. Any delay in repayment to the RIC Money Market Fund could result in reduced returns and/or additional borrowing costs.

Investment Company Securities and Pooled Investment Vehicles. The Funds may invest in securities of other open-end or closed-end investment companies. If a Fund invests in other investment companies, shareholders will bear not only their proportionate share of the fund’s expenses (including operating expenses and the fees of the adviser), but also, indirectly, the similar expenses of the underlying investment companies. Shareholders would also be exposed to the risks associated not only to the investments of the fund but also to the portfolio investments of the underlying investment companies.

 

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Some emerging market countries have laws and regulations that currently preclude direct foreign investments in the securities of their companies. However, indirect foreign investments in the securities of companies listed and traded on the stock exchanges in these countries are permitted through pooled investment vehicles or investment funds that have been specifically authorized.

Exchange Traded Funds or “ETFs”. The Funds may invest in shares of open-end mutual funds or unit investment trusts that are traded on a stock exchange, called exchange-traded funds or ETFs. Typically, an ETF seeks to track the performance of an index, such as the S&P 500® or the NASDAQ 100, by holding in its portfolio either the same securities that comprise the index, or a representative sample of the index. Investing in an ETF will give a fund exposure to the securities comprising the index on which the ETF is based, and the Funds will gain or lose value depending on the performance of the index. ETFs have expenses, including advisory and administrative fees paid by ETF shareholders, and, as a result, an investor in the Funds is subject to a duplicate level of fees if a Fund invests in ETFs.

Unlike shares of typical mutual funds or unit investment trusts, shares of ETFs are bought and sold based on market values throughout each trading day, and not at net asset value. For this reason, shares could trade at either a premium or discount to net asset value. Currently, the Funds intend to invest only in ETFs that track equity market indices. The portfolios held by these ETFs are publicly disclosed on each trading day, and an approximation of actual net asset value is disseminated throughout the trading day. Because of this transparency, the trading prices of these index-based ETFs tend to closely track the actual net asset value of the underlying portfolios. If available, the Funds may invest in ETFs that are based on fixed income indices, or that are actively managed. Actively managed ETFs will likely not have the transparency of index based ETFs, and therefore, may be more likely to trade at a discount or premium to actual net asset values. If an ETF held by the fund trades at a discount to net asset value, the fund could lose money even if the securities in which the ETF invests go up in value.

Foreign Securities

Investment In Foreign Securities. The Funds may invest in foreign securities traded on U.S. or foreign exchanges or in the over–the–counter market. Investing in securities issued by foreign governments and corporations involves considerations and possible risks not typically associated with investing in obligations issued by the U.S. government and domestic corporations. Less information may be available about foreign companies than about domestic companies, and foreign companies generally are not subject to the same uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards or other regulatory practices and requirements comparable to those applicable to domestic companies. The values of foreign investments are affected by changes in currency rates or exchange control regulations, application of foreign tax laws, including withholding taxes, changes in governmental administration or economic or monetary policy (in the United States or abroad) or changed circumstances in dealings between nations. Costs are incurred in connection with conversions between various currencies. In addition, foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than in the United States, and foreign securities markets may be less liquid, more volatile and less subject to governmental supervision than in the United States. Investments in foreign countries could be affected by other factors not present in the United States, including nationalization, expropriation, confiscatory taxation, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations and could be subject to extended settlement periods or restrictions affecting the prompt return of capital to the United States.

Investment In Emerging Markets. The Equity Funds may invest in emerging markets stocks. The Core Bond Fund may invest in the following types of emerging market debt: bonds; notes and debentures of emerging market governments; debt and other fixed–income securities issued or guaranteed by emerging market government agencies, instrumentalities or central banks; and other fixed–income securities issued or guaranteed by banks or other companies in emerging markets which the money managers believe are suitable investments for the Funds. Emerging markets consist of countries determined by the money managers of a Fund to have developing or emerging economies and markets. These countries generally include every country in the world except the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Singapore and most countries located in Western Europe. Foreign investment may include emerging market stock and emerging market debt.

Risks Associated with Emerging Markets. The considerations outlined above when making investments in foreign securities also apply to investments in emerging markets. The risks associated with investing in foreign securities are often heightened for investments in developing or emerging markets. Investments in emerging or developing markets involve exposure to economic structures that are generally less diverse and mature, and to political systems which can be expected to have less stability, than those of more developed countries. Moreover, the economies of individual emerging market countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as the rate of growth in gross domestic product, the rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self–sufficiency and balance of payments position. Because the Funds’ foreign securities will generally be denominated in foreign currencies, the value of such securities to the Funds will be affected by changes in currency exchange rates and in exchange control regulations. A change in the value of a foreign currency against the U.S. dollar will result in a corresponding change in the U.S. dollar value of the Funds’ foreign securities. In addition, some emerging market countries may have fixed or managed currencies which are not free–floating against the U.S. dollar. Further, certain emerging market countries’ currencies may not be internationally traded. Certain of these currencies have experienced devaluations relative to the U.S. dollar. Many emerging market countries have

 

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experienced substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of inflation for many years. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had, and may continue to have, negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain emerging market countries.

Investments in emerging market country government debt securities involve special risks. Certain emerging market countries have historically experienced high rates of inflation, high interest rates, exchange rate fluctuations, large amounts of external debt, balance of payments and trade difficulties and extreme poverty and unemployment. The issuer or governmental authority that controls the repayment of an emerging market country’s debt may not be able or willing to repay the principal and/or interest when due in accordance with the terms of such debt. As a result, a government obligor may default on its obligations. If such an event occurs, a Fund may have limited legal recourse against the issuer and/or guarantor.

Foreign Government Securities. Foreign government securities which the Funds may invest in generally consist of obligations issued or backed by the national, state or provincial government or similar political subdivisions or central banks in foreign countries. Foreign government securities also include debt obligations of supranational entities, which include international organizations designated or backed by governmental entities to promote economic reconstruction or development, international banking institutions and related government agencies. These securities also include debt securities of “quasi–government agencies” and debt securities denominated in multinational currency units of an issuer.

Local Access Products. The Non-U.S. Fund may invest in local access products. Local access products, also called participation notes, are a form of derivative security issued by foreign banks that either give holders the right to buy or sell an underlying security or securities for a particular price or give holders the right to receive a cash payment relating to the value of the underlying security or securities. The instruments may or may not be traded on a foreign exchange. Local access products are similar to options in that they are exercisable by the holder for an underlying security or the value of that security, but are generally exercisable over a longer term than typical options. These types of instruments may be exercisable in the American style, which means that they can be exercised at any time on or before the expiration date of the instrument, or exercisable in the European style, which means that they may be exercised only on the expiration date. Local access products have an exercise price, which is fixed when they are issued.

Investments in these instruments involve the risk that the issuer of the instrument may default on its obligation to deliver the underlying security or its value. These instruments may also be subject to counterparty risk, liquidity risk, foreign risk and currency risk. In the case of any exercise of the instruments, there may be a time delay between the time a holder gives instructions to exercise and the time the price of the security or the settlement date is determined, during which time the price of the underlying security could change significantly. In addition, the exercise or settlement date of the local access products may be affected by certain market disruption events, such as difficulties relating to the exchange of a local currency into U.S. dollars, the imposition of capital controls by a local jurisdiction or changes in the laws relating to foreign investments. These events could lead to a change in the exercise date or settlement currency of the instruments, or postponement of the settlement date. In some cases, if the market disruption events continue for a certain period of time, the local access products may become worthless resulting in a total loss of the purchase price.

Equity Linked Notes. The Non-U.S. Fund may invest in equity linked notes, which are instruments whose return is determined by the performance of a single equity security, a basket of equity securities or an equity index. The principal payable at maturity is based on the current price of the linked security, basket or index. Equity linked notes are generally subject to the risks associated with the securities of foreign issuers and with securities denominated in foreign currencies and, because they are equity-linked, may return a lower amount at maturity because of a decline in value of the linked security or securities. Equity linked notes are also subject to default risk and counterparty risk.

Equity Securities

Common Stocks. The Funds may invest in common stocks, which are shares of a corporation or other entity that entitle the holder to a pro rata share of the profits of the corporation, if any, without preference over any other shareholder or class of shareholders, including holders of the entity’s preferred stock and other senior equity. Common stock usually carries with it the right to vote and frequently an exclusive right to do so.

Preferred Stocks. The Funds may invest in preferred stocks, which are shares of a corporation or other entity that pay dividends at a specified rate and have precedence over common stock in the payment of dividends. If the corporation or other entity is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of owners of preferred stock will have precedence over the claims of owners of common stock, but not over the claims of owners of bonds. Some preferred stock dividends are non-cumulative, but some are “cumulative,” meaning that they require that all or a portion of prior unpaid dividends be paid to preferred stockholders before any dividends are paid to common stockholders. Certain preferred stock dividends are “participating” and include an entitlement to a dividend exceeding the specified dividend rate in certain cases. Investments in preferred stocks carry many of the same risks as investments in common stocks and debt securities.

 

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Convertible Securities. The Funds may invest in convertible securities, which entitle the holder to acquire the issuer’s common stock by exchange or purchase for a predetermined rate. Convertible securities can be bonds, notes, debentures, preferred stock or other securities which are convertible into common stock. Convertible securities are subject both to the credit and interest rate risks associated with fixed income securities and to the stock market risk associated with equity securities. Convertible securities rank senior to common stocks in a corporation’s capital structure. They are consequently of higher quality and entail less risk than the corporation’s common stock, although the extent to which such risk is reduced depends in large measure upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed income security. The Funds may purchase convertible securities rated Ba or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), BB or lower by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group (“S&P”) or BB+ or lower by Fitch Investors Services, Inc. (“Fitch”) and may also purchase non-rated securities considered by the manager to be of comparable quality. Although the fund selects these securities primarily on the basis of their equity characteristics, investors should be aware that debt securities rated in these categories are considered high risk securities; the rating agencies consider them speculative, and payment of interest and principal is not considered well assured. To the extent that such convertible securities are acquired by the fund, there is a greater risk as to the timely payment of the principal of, and timely payment of interest or dividends on, such securities than in the case of higher rated convertible securities.

Warrants. The Funds may invest in warrants. Warrants are instruments which entitle the holder to buy an equity security at a specific price for a specific period of time.

Changes in the value of a warrant do not necessarily correspond to changes in the value of its underlying security. The price of a warrant may be more volatile than the price of its underlying security, and a warrant may offer greater potential for capital appreciation as well as capital loss.

Real Estate Investment Trusts or REITs. The Equity Funds may invest in equity REITs. REITs are entities which either own properties or make construction or mortgage loans. Equity REITs own real estate directly and the value of, and income earned by, the trust depends upon the income of the underlying properties and the rental income they earn. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value.

A Fund’s investments in REITs are subject to the risks associated with particular properties and with the real estate market in general, including the risks of a general downturn in real estate values. The value of securities issued by REITs is affected by tax and regulatory requirements and by perceptions of management skill. A Fund’s investments in REITs is also subject to heavy cash flow dependency, or tenant defaults, self-liquidation, the possibility of failing to qualify for tax-free status under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and failing to maintain exemption from the 1940 Act. By investing in REITs indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder will bear expenses of the REITs in addition to expenses of the Fund.

Depositary Receipts. The Equity Funds may hold securities of foreign issuers in the form of American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) and European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), or other securities convertible into securities of eligible non-U.S. issuers. These securities may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the securities for which they may be exchanged. ADRs and ADSs typically are issued by an American bank or trust company and evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. EDRs, which are sometimes referred to as Continental Depositary Receipts (“CDRs”), are issued in Europe typically by foreign banks and trust companies and evidence ownership of either foreign or domestic securities. Generally, ADRs and ADSs in registered form are designed for use in United States securities markets and EDRs in bearer form are designed for use in European securities markets. GDRs allow companies in Europe, Asia, the United States and Latin America to offer shares in many markets around the world. GDRs are traded on major stock exchanges, particularly the London SEAQ International trading system. For purposes of a Fund’s investment policies, the Fund’s investments in ADRs, ADSs, GDRs and EDRs will be deemed to be investments in the equity securities representing securities of foreign issuers into which they may be converted.

ADR facilities may be established as either “unsponsored” or “sponsored.” While ADRs issued under these two types of facilities are in some respects similar, there are distinctions between them relating to the rights and obligations of ADR holders and the practices of market participants. A depositary may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by (or even necessarily the acquiescence of) the issuer of the deposited securities, although typically the depositary requests a letter of non–objection from such issuer prior to the establishment of the facility. Holders of unsponsored ADRs generally bear all the costs of such facilities. The depositary usually charges fees upon the deposit and withdrawal of the deposited securities, the conversion of dividends into U.S. dollars, the disposition of non–cash distributions, and the performance of other services. The depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited securities or to pass through voting rights to ADR holders with respect to the deposited securities. Sponsored ADR facilities are created in generally the same manner as unsponsored facilities, except that the issuer of the deposited securities enters into a deposit agreement with the depositary. The

 

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deposit agreement sets out the rights and responsibilities of the issuer, the depositary and the ADR holders. With sponsored facilities, the issuer of the deposited securities generally will bear some of the costs relating to the facility (such as dividend payment fees of the depositary), although ADR holders continue to bear certain other costs (such as deposit and withdrawal fees). Under the terms of most sponsored arrangements, depositories agree to distribute notices of shareholder meetings and voting instructions, and to provide shareholder communications and other information to the ADR holders at the request of the issuer of the deposited securities. Unsponsored depositary receipts tend to trade over the counter, and are issued without the involvement of the underlying non-US company whose stock underlies the depositary receipts. Shareholder benefits, voting rights and other attached rights may not be extended to the holder of an unsponsored depositary receipt. The Funds may invest in sponsored and unsponsored ADRs.

Debt Instruments

To the extent a Fund invests in the following types of debt securities, its net asset value may change as the general levels of interest rates fluctuate. When interest rates decline, the value of debt securities can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of debt securities can be expected to decline. A Fund’s investments in debt securities with longer terms to maturity are subject to greater volatility than a Fund’s shorter-term obligations. Debt securities may have all types of interest rate payment and reset terms, including fixed rate, adjustable rate, zero coupon, contingent, deferred, payment in kind and auction rate features.

U.S. Government Obligations. The types of U.S. government obligations the Funds may purchase include: (1) a variety of U.S. Treasury obligations which differ only in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance: (a) U.S. Treasury bills at time of issuance have maturities of one year or less, (b) U.S. Treasury notes at time of issuance have maturities of one to ten years and (c) U.S. Treasury bonds at time of issuance generally have maturities of greater than ten years; (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and instrumentalities and supported by any of the following: (a) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury (such as Government National Mortgage Association participation certificates), (b) the right of the issuer to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of credit from the U.S. Treasury, (c) discretionary authority of the U.S. government agency or instrumentality or (d) the credit of the instrumentality (examples of agencies and instrumentalities are: Federal Land Banks, Farmers Home Administration, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Federal Home Loan Banks and Federal National Mortgage Association). No assurance can be given that the U.S. government will provide financial support to such U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities described in (2)(b), (2)(c) and (2)(d) in the future, other than as set forth above, since it is not obligated to do so by law. Accordingly, such U.S. government obligations may involve risk of loss of principal and interest. The Funds may invest in fixed–rate and floating or variable rate U.S. government obligations. The Funds may purchase U.S. government obligations on a forward commitment basis.

The Core Bond Fund may also purchase Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (“TIPS”). TIPS are U.S. Treasury securities issued at a fixed rate of interest but with principal adjusted every six months based on changes in the Consumer Price Index. As changes occur in the inflation rate, as represented by the designated index, the value of the security’s principal is adjusted by the same proportion. If the inflation rate falls, the principal value of the security will be adjusted downward, and consequently, the interest payable on the securities will be reduced.

STRIPS. The Core Bond Fund may invest in STRIPS (Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities). STRIPS are created by separating the interest and principal components of an outstanding U.S. Treasury or agency note or bond and selling them as individual securities. STRIPS generally trade like zero coupon securities, which do not pay interest periodically but accrue interest until maturity. STRIPS tend to be subject to the same risks as zero coupon securities. The market prices of STRIPS generally are more volatile than the market prices of securities with similar maturities that pay interest periodically and are likely to respond to changes in interest rates to a greater degree than do non-zero coupon securities having similar maturities and credit quality.

 

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Repurchase Agreements. The Core Bond Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is an agreement under which the Fund acquires a fixed income security from a commercial bank, broker or dealer and simultaneously agrees to resell such security to the seller at an agreed upon price and date (normally the next business day). The resale price reflects an agreed upon interest rate effective for the period the security is held by the Fund and is unrelated to the interest rate on the security. The securities acquired by the Fund constitute collateral for the repurchase obligation. In these transactions, the securities acquired by the Fund (including accrued interest earned thereon) must have a total value in excess of the value of the repurchase agreement and must be held by the custodian bank until repurchased. In addition, RIMCo will monitor the Fund’s repurchase agreement transactions generally and will evaluate the creditworthiness of any bank, broker or dealer party to a repurchase agreement with the Fund. Subject to the overall limitations described in “Illiquid Securities”, a Fund will not invest more than 15% of its net assets (taken at current market value) in repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days.

Risk Factors. The use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks. One risk is the seller’s ability to pay the agreed-upon repurchase price on the repurchase date. If the seller defaults, the Fund may incur costs in disposing of the collateral, which would reduce the amount realized thereon. If the seller seeks relief under bankruptcy laws, the disposition of the collateral may be delayed or limited. For example, if the other party to the agreement becomes insolvent and subject to liquidation or reorganization under bankruptcy or other laws, a court may determine that the underlying securities are collateral for a loan by the Fund not within its control and therefore the realization by the Fund on such collateral may be automatically stayed. It is possible that the Fund may not be able to substantiate its interest in the underlying securities and may be deemed an unsecured creditor of the other party to the agreement.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements. The Core Bond Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. A reverse repurchase agreement is a transaction whereby a Fund transfers possession of a portfolio security to a bank or broker–dealer in return for a percentage of the portfolio security’s market value. The Fund retains record ownership of the security involved including the right to receive interest and principal payments. At an agreed upon future date, the Fund repurchases the security by paying an agreed upon purchase price plus interest. Liquid assets of a Fund equal in value to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest, will be segregated on the Fund’s records while a reverse repurchase agreement is in effect.

Corporate Securities. The Core Bond Fund may invest in debt securities, such as convertible and non-convertible bonds, preferred stock, notes and debentures, issued by corporations, limited partnerships and other similar entities. Investments in securities that are convertible into equity securities and preferred stock have characteristics of equity as well as debt securities, and their value may be dependent in part on the value of the issuer’s equity securities. The Funds may also invest in debt securities that are accompanied by warrants which are convertible into the issuer’s equity securities, which have similar characteristics. See “Equity Securities” above for a fuller description of convertible securities.

Zero Coupon Securities. The Core Bond Fund may invest in zero coupon securities. Zero coupon securities are notes, bonds and debentures that (1) do not pay current interest and are issued at a substantial discount from par value, (2) have been stripped of their unmatured interest coupons and receipts or (3) pay no interest until a stated date one or more years into the future. These securities also include certificates representing interests in such stripped coupons and receipts. Zero coupon securities trade at a discount from their par value and are subject to greater fluctuations of market value in response to changing interest rates.

Mortgage–Related And Other Asset–Backed Securities. The forms of mortgage–related and other asset–backed securities the Core Bond Fund may invest in include the securities described below:

Mortgage Pass–Through Securities. Mortgage pass–through securities are securities representing interests in “pools” of mortgages in which payments of both interest and principal on the securities are generally made monthly. The securities are “pass–through” securities because they provide investors with monthly payments of principal and interest which in effect are a “pass–through” of the monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on the underlying mortgages, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor. The principal governmental issuer of such securities is the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), which is a wholly owned U.S. government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Government related issuers include the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), a corporate instrumentality of the United States created pursuant to an Act of Congress, and which is owned entirely by the Federal Home Loan Banks, and the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), a government sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders. Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass–through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may be the originators of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage–related securities.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations. Collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) are hybrid instruments with characteristics of both mortgage–backed bonds and mortgage pass–through securities. Similar to a bond, interest and pre–paid principal on a CMO are

 

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paid, in most cases, monthly. CMOs may be collateralized by whole mortgage loans but are more typically collateralized by portfolios of mortgage passthrough securities guaranteed by GNMA, FHLMC, or FNMA. CMOs are structured into multiple classes (or “tranches”), with each class bearing a different stated maturity.

Asset–Backed Securities. Asset–backed securities represent undivided fractional interests in pools of instruments, such as consumer loans, and are similar in structure to mortgage–related pass–through securities. Payments of principal and interest are passed through to holders of the securities and are typically supported by some form of credit enhancement, such as a letter of credit liquidity support, surety bond, limited guarantee by another entity or by priority to certain of the borrower’s other securities. The degree of enhancement varies, generally applying only until exhausted and covering only a fraction of the security’s par value. If the credit enhancement held by a Fund has been exhausted, and if any required payments of principal and interest are not made with respect to the underlying loans, the Fund may experience loss or delay in receiving payment and a decrease in the value of the security.

Collateralized Loan Obligations. The Fixed Income Funds may invest in collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”). CLOs are special purpose entities which are collateralized mainly by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and foreign senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. CLOs may charge management and other administrative fees. Payments of principal and interest are passed through to investors in a CLO and divided into several tranches of rated debt securities and typically at least one tranche of unrated subordinated securities, which may be debt or equity (“CLO Securities”). CLO Securities generally receive some variation of principal and/or interest installments and, with the exception of certain subordinated securities, bear different interest rates. If there are defaults or a CLO’s collateral otherwise underperforms, scheduled payments to senior tranches typically take priority over less senior tranches.

Risk Factors. Mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) often have stated maturities of up to thirty years when they are issued, depending upon the length of the mortgages underlying the securities. In practice, however, unscheduled or early payments of principal and interest on the underlying mortgages may make the securities’ effective maturity shorter than this, and the prevailing interest rates may be higher or lower than the current yield of a Fund’s portfolio at the time the Fund receives the payments for reinvestment. MBS may have less potential for capital appreciation than comparable fixed income securities due to the likelihood of increased prepayments of mortgages as interest rates decline. If a Fund buys MBS at a premium, mortgage foreclosures and prepayments of principal by mortgagors (which may be made at any time without penalty) may result in some loss of the Fund’s principal investment to the extent of the premium paid. The value of MBS may also change due to shifts in the market’s perception of issuers. In addition, regulatory or tax changes may adversely affect the mortgage securities markets as a whole. Non-governmental MBS may offer higher yields than those issued by government entities, but also may be subject to greater price changes than governmental issues.

Through its investments in MBS, including those that are issued by private issuers, a Fund may have some exposure to subprime loans as well as to the mortgage and credit markets generally. Private issuers include commercial banks, savings associations, mortgage companies, investment banking firms, finance companies and special purpose finance entities (called special purpose vehicles or SPVs) and other entities that acquire and package mortgage loans for resale as MBS. Unlike MBS issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or one of its sponsored entities, MBS issued by private issuers do not have a government or government-sponsored entity guarantee, but may have credit enhancements provided by external entities such as banks or financial institutions or achieved through the structuring of the transaction itself. Examples of such credit support arising out of the structure of the transaction include the issue of senior and subordinated securities (e.g., the issuance of securities by an SPV in multiple classes or “tranches”, with one or more classes being senior to other subordinated classes as to the payment of principal and interest, with the result that defaults on the underlying mortgage loans are borne first by the holders of the subordinated class); creation of “reserve funds” (in which case cash or investments, sometimes funded from a portion of the payments on the underlying mortgage loans, are held in reserve against future losses); and “overcollateralization” (in which case the scheduled payments on, or the principal amount of, the underlying mortgage loans exceeds that required to make payment of the securities and pay any servicing or other fees). However, there can be no guarantee that credit enhancements, if any, will be sufficient to prevent losses in the event of defaults on the underlying mortgage loans. In addition, MBS that are issued by private issuers are not subject to the underwriting requirements for the underlying mortgages that are applicable to those MBS that have a government or government-sponsored entity guarantee. As a result, the mortgage loans underlying private MBS may, and frequently do, have less favorable collateral, credit risk or other underwriting characteristics than government or government-sponsored MBS and have wider variances in a number of terms including interest rate, term, size, purpose and borrower characteristics. Privately issued pools more frequently include second mortgages, high loan-to-value mortgages and manufactured housing loans. The coupon rates and maturities of the underlying mortgage loans in a private-label MBS pool may vary to a greater extent than those included in a government guaranteed pool, and the pool may include subprime mortgage loans. Subprime loans refer to loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories or with a lower capacity to make timely payments on their loans. For these reasons, the loans underlying these securities have had in many cases higher default rates than those loans that meet government underwriting requirements. The risk of non-payment is greater for MBS that are backed by mortgage pools that contain subprime loans, but a level of risk exists for all loans. Privately issued MBS are not traded on an exchange and there may be a limited market for the securities, especially when there is a perceived weakness in the mortgage and real estate market sectors. Without an active trading market, MBS held in a Fund’s portfolio may be particularly difficult to value because of the complexities involved in assessing the value of the underlying mortgage loans.

Asset-backed securities may include pools of MBS, loans, receivables or other assets. Payment of principal and interest may be largely dependent upon the cash flows generated by the assets backing the securities. For purposes of determining the percentage of a Fund’s total assets invested in securities of issuers having their principal business activities in a particular industry, asset-backed securities will be classified separately, based on the nature of the underlying assets, according to the following categories: captive auto, diversified, retail and consumer loans, captive equipment and business, business trade receivables, nuclear fuel and capital and mortgage lending. Asset-backed securities (other than mortgage-backed securities) present certain risks that are not presented by mortgage-backed securities. Primarily, these securities may not have the benefit of any security interest in the related assets. Credit card receivables are generally unsecured and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit

 

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laws, many of which give such debtors the right to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thereby reducing the balance due. There is the possibility that recoveries on repossessed collateral may not, in some cases, be available to support payments on these securities. Asset-backed securities are often backed by a pool of assets representing the obligations of a number of different parties. To lessen the effect of failures by obligors on underlying assets to make payments, the securities may contain elements of credit support which fall into two categories: (i) liquidity protection, and (ii) protection against losses resulting from ultimate default by an obligor on the underlying assets. Liquidity protection refers to the provision of advances, generally by the entity administering the pool of assets, to ensure that the receipt of payments on the underlying pool occurs in a timely fashion. Protection against losses results from payment of the insurance obligations on at least a portion of the assets in the pool. This protection may be provided through guarantees, policies or letters of credit obtained by the issuer or sponsor from third parties, through various means of structuring the transaction or through a combination of such approaches. The Funds will not pay any additional or separate fees for credit support. The degree of credit support provided for each issue is generally based on historical information respecting the level of credit risk associated with the underlying assets. Delinquency or loss in excess of that anticipated or failure of the credit support could adversely affect the return on an investment in such a security. The availability of asset-backed securities may be affected by legislative or regulatory developments. It is possible that such developments may require the Funds to dispose of any then existing holdings of such securities.

Risk Factors. In addition to normal risks associated with debt obligations and fixed income and/or asset-backed securities as discussed elsewhere in this Statement of Additional Information and the Prospectus (e.g., credit risk, interest rate risk, market risk, default risk and prepayment risk), CLOs carry additional risks including, but not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments and one or more tranches may be subject to up to 100% loss of invested capital; (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default; (iii) the Fixed Income Funds may invest in CLOs that are subordinate to other classes; and (iv) the complex structure of the security may not be fully understood at the time of investment and may produce disputes with the issuer or unexpected investment results.

A CLO’s investments in its underlying assets may be CLO Securities that are privately placed and thus are subject to restrictions on transfer to meet securities law and other legal requirements. In the event that any Fixed Income Fund does not satisfy certain of the applicable transfer restrictions at any time that it holds CLO Securities, it may be forced to sell the related CLO Securities and may suffer a loss on sale. CLO Securities generally will be considered illiquid as there may be no secondary market for the CLO Securities.

Structured Investment Vehicles. Certain investments in derivatives, including structured instruments as well as investments in mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities, involve the purchase of securities from structured investment vehicles (SIVs). SIVs are legal entities that are sponsored by banks, broker-dealers or other financial firms specifically created for the purpose of issuing a particular securities or instruments. SIVs are often leveraged and securities issued by SIVs may have differing credit ratings. Investments in SIVs present counterparty risks, although they may be subject to a guarantee or other financial support by the sponsoring entity. Investments in SIVs may be more volatile, less liquid and more difficult to price accurately than other types of investments.

Because SIVs depend on short-term funding through the issuance of new debt, if there is a slowdown in issuing new debt or a smaller market of purchasers of the new debt, the SIVs may have to liquidate assets at a loss. Also, with respect to SIVs assets in finance companies, the Fund may have significant exposure to the financial services market which, depending on market conditions, could have a negative impact on the Fund.

Loans and Other Direct Indebtedness. The Core Bond Fund may purchase loans or other direct indebtedness, or participations in loans or other direct indebtedness, that entitles the acquiror of such interest to payments of interest, principal and/or other amounts due under the structure of the loan or other direct indebtedness. In addition to being structured as secured or unsecured, such investments could be structured as novations or assignments or represent trade or other claims owed by a company to a supplier. Loan participations typically represent direct participation in a loan to a corporate borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates.

Risk Factors. Loans and other direct indebtedness involve the risk that a Fund will not receive payment of principal, interest and other amounts due in connection with these investments and will depend primarily on the financial condition of the borrower. Loans that are fully secured offer a Fund more protection than an unsecured loan in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal, although there is no assurance that the liquidation of collateral from a secured loan would satisfy the corporate borrower’s obligation, or that the collateral can be liquidated. Some loans or claims may be in default at the time of purchase. Certain of the loans and the other direct indebtedness acquired by a Fund may involve revolving credit facilities or other standby financing commitments which obligate a Fund to pay additional cash on a certain date or on demand. These commitments may require a Fund to increase its investment in a company at a time when that Fund might not otherwise decide to do so (including at a time when the company’s financial condition makes it unlikely that such amounts will be repaid). To the extent that a Fund is committed to advance additional funds, it will at all times hold and maintain in a segregated account cash or other high-grade debt obligations in an amount sufficient to meet such commitments.

As a Fund may be required to rely upon another lending institution to collect and pass onto the Fund amounts payable with respect to the loan and to enforce the Fund’s rights under the loan and other direct indebtedness, an insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of the lending institution may delay or prevent the Fund from receiving such amounts. The highly leveraged nature of many such loans and other direct indebtedness may make such loans and other direct indebtedness especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. Investments in such loans and other direct indebtedness may involve additional risk to the Fund.

In purchasing loans or loan participations, a Fund assumes the credit risk associated with the corporate buyer and may assume the credit risk associated with the interposed bank or other financial intermediary. The participation may not be rated by a nationally recognized rating service. Further, loan participations may not be readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. Loan participations are generally illiquid investments and are priced through a nationally recognized pricing service which determines loan prices by surveying available dealer quotations. If the corporate borrower defaults on its obligations, a Fund may end up owning the underlying collateral.

 

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Brady Bonds. The Core Bond Fund may invest in Brady Bonds, the products of the “Brady Plan,” under which bonds are issued in exchange for cash and certain of a country’s outstanding commercial bank loans. The Brady Plan offers relief to debtor countries that have effected substantial economic reforms. Specifically, debt reduction and structural reform are the main criteria countries must satisfy in order to obtain Brady Plan status. Brady Bonds may be collateralized or uncollateralized, are issued in various currencies (primarily U.S.–dollar) and are actively traded on the over–the–counter market.

Bank Instruments. The Core Bond Fund may invest in bank instruments, which include Eurodollar certificates of deposit (“ECDs”), Eurodollar time deposits (“ETDs”) and Yankee Certificates of Deposit (“Yankee CDs”).

Risk Factors. ECDs, ETDs, and Yankee CDs are subject to somewhat different risks from the obligations of domestic banks. ECDs are U.S. dollar denominated certificates of deposit issued by foreign branches of U.S. and foreign banks; ETDs are U.S. dollar denominated time deposits in a foreign branch of a U.S. bank or a foreign bank; and Yankee CDs are certificates of deposit issued by a U.S. branch of a foreign bank denominated in U.S. dollars and held in the United States.

Different risks may also exist for ECDs, ETDs, and Yankee CDs because the banks issuing these instruments, or their domestic or foreign branches, are not necessarily subject to the same regulatory requirements that apply to domestic banks, such as reserve requirements, loan limitations, examinations, accounting, auditing and recordkeeping, and the public availability of information.

High Risk Bonds. The Core Bond Fund may invest their assets in securities rated BBB– or higher by S&P, Baa3 or higher by Moody’s or BBB or higher by Fitch, or in unrated securities judged by the money managers to be of higher credit quality than those designations. Securities rated BBB– by S&P, Baa3 by Moody’s or BBB by Fitch are the lowest ratings which are considered “investment grade,” although Moody’s considers securities rated Baa3, S&P considers bonds rated BBB– and Fitch considers bonds rated BBB, to have some speculative characteristics. The Core Bond Fund may be required by its prospectus or investment guidelines to dispose of, in a prudent and orderly fashion, a security if its ratings drop below these minimum ratings.

Risk Factors. These lower rated debt securities are commonly referred to as “junk bonds.” Lower rated debt securities, or junk bonds, generally offer a higher yield than that available from higher grade issues but involve higher risks because they are especially subject to adverse changes in general economic conditions and in the industries in which the issuers are engaged, to changes in the financial condition of the issuers and to price fluctuation in response to changes in interest rates. During periods of economic downturn or rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers may experience financial stress which could adversely affect their ability to make payments of principal and interest and increase the possibility of default. Conversely, periods of economic expansion or falling interest rates enhance the ability of issuers to make payments of principal and interest and decrease the possibility of default. The market for lower rated debt securities is generally thinner and less active than that for higher quality securities, which would limit a Fund’s ability to sell such securities at fair value in response to changes in the economy or the financial markets. While such debt may have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposure to adverse conditions.

Securities rated BBB– by S&P Baa3 by Moody’s or BBB by Fitch may involve greater risks than securities in higher rating categories. Securities receiving S&P’s BBB– rating are regarded as having adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Such securities typically exhibit adequate investor protections but adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category than in higher rating categories. For further description of the various rating categories, see “Ratings of Debt Instruments.”

Securities possessing Moody’s Baa3 rating are considered medium grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security is judged adequate for the present, but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such securities lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact may have speculative characteristics as well.

Securities possessing Fitch’s BBB rating indicate that there are currently expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse changes in circumstances and economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment grade category.

Lower rated debt securities may be more susceptible to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions than investment grade securities. The prices of low rated debt securities have been found to be less sensitive to interest rate changes than investment grade securities, but more sensitive to economic downturns, individual corporate developments, and price fluctuations in response to changing interest rates. A projection of an economic downturn or of a period of rising interest rates, for example, could cause a sharper decline in the prices of low rated debt securities because the advent of a recession could lessen the ability of a highly

leveraged company to make principal and interest payments on its debt securities. If the issuer of low rated debt securities defaults, a Fund may incur additional expenses to seek financial recovery.

 

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In addition, the markets in which low rated debt securities are traded are generally thinner, more limited and less active than those for higher rated securities. The existence of limited markets for particular securities may diminish a Fund’s ability to sell the securities at fair value either to meet redemption requests or to respond to changes in the economy or in the financial markets and could adversely affect and cause fluctuations in the daily net asset value of the Fund’s Shares.

Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of low rated debt securities, especially in a thinly traded market. Analysis of the creditworthiness of issuers of low rated securities may be more complex than for issuers of other investment grade securities, and the ability of a Fund to achieve its investment objectives may be more dependent on credit analysis than would be the case if the Fund was investing only in investment grade securities.

The money managers of the Funds may use ratings to assist in investment decisions. Ratings of debt securities represent a rating agency’s opinion regarding their quality and are not a guarantee of quality. Rating agencies attempt to evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments and do not evaluate the risks of fluctuations in market value. Also, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes in credit ratings in response to subsequent events, so that an issuer’s current financial condition may be better or worse than a rating indicates.

Municipal Debt Instruments

Municipal Obligations and Bonds. The Core Bond Fund may invest in “municipal obligations.” Municipal obligations are debt obligations issued by states, territories and possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia and their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities, or multi–state agencies or authorities the interest from which may be exempt from federal income tax in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer. Municipal obligations include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes and certain industrial development bonds issued by or on behalf of public authorities. Municipal obligations are classified as general obligation bonds, revenue bonds and notes. Municipal bonds generally have maturities of more than one year when issued and have two principal classifications –– General Obligation Bonds and Revenue Bonds.

General Obligation Bonds – are secured by the issuer’s pledge of its faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest.

Revenue Bonds – are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or group of facilities or from the proceeds of special excise or other specific revenue service.

Industrial Development Bonds – are a type of revenue bond and do not generally constitute the pledge of credit of the issuer of such bonds but rather the pledge of credit by the core obligor. The payment of the principal and interest on such bonds is dependent on the facility’s user to meet its financial obligations and the pledge, if any, of real and personal property financed as security for such payment. Industrial development bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to raise money to finance public and private facilities for business, manufacturing, housing, ports, pollution control, airports, mass transit and other similar type projects.

Municipal Notes. The Core Bond Fund may invest in municipal notes. Municipal notes generally have maturities of one year or less when issued and are used to satisfy short–term capital needs. Municipal notes include:

Tax Anticipation Notes – issued to finance working capital needs of municipalities and are generally issued in anticipation of future tax revenues.

Bond Anticipation Notes – issued in expectation of a municipality issuing a long–term bond in the future. Usually the long–term bonds provide the money for the repayment of the notes.

Revenue Anticipation Notes – issued in expectation of receipt of other types of revenues such as certain federal revenues.

Construction Loan Notes – sold to provide construction financing and may be insured by the Federal Housing Administration. After completion of the project, FNMA or GNMA frequently provides permanent financing.

Pre-Refunded Municipal Bonds – bonds no longer secured by the credit of the issuing entity, having been escrowed with U.S. Treasury securities as a result of a refinancing by the issuer. The bonds are escrowed for retirement either at original maturity or at an earlier call date.

 

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Tax Free Commercial Paper – a promissory obligation issued or guaranteed by a municipal issuer and frequently accompanied by a letter of credit of a commercial bank. It is used by agencies of state and local governments to finance seasonal working capital needs, or as short–term financing in anticipation of long–term financing.

Variable Rate Demand Notes – long term, taxable, or tax-exempt bonds issued on a variable rate basis that can be tendered for purchase at par whenever rates reset upon contractual notice by the investor. The bonds tendered are then resold by the remarketing agent in the secondary market to other investors. Variable Rate Demand Notes can be converted to a long term fixed rate security upon appropriate notice by the issuer. The Funds’ money managers will continually monitor the pricing, quality and liquidity of the floating and variable rate demand instruments held by the Funds.

Tax Free Participation Certificates – tax free floating, or variable rate demand notes which are issued by a municipal or governmental entity that sells a participation in the note. The Funds’ money managers will continually monitor the pricing, quality and liquidity of the participation certificates.

A participation certificate gives a Fund an undivided interest in the municipal obligation in the proportion that the Fund’s participation interest bears to the total principal amount of the municipal obligation and provides the demand feature described below. Each participation is backed by: an irrevocable letter of credit or guaranty of a bank which may be the bank issuing the participation certificate, a bank issuing a confirming letter of credit to that of the issuing bank, or a bank serving as agent of the issuing bank with respect to the possible repurchase of the certificate of participation; or an insurance policy of an insurance company that the money manager has determined meets the prescribed quality standards for the Fund. The Fund has the right to sell the participation certificate back to the institution and draw on the letter of credit or insurance on demand after thirty days’ notice for all or any part of the full principal amount of the Fund’s participation interest in the security plus accrued interest. The Funds’ money managers intend to exercise the demand feature only (1) upon a default under the terms of the bond documents, (2) as needed to provide liquidity to the Funds in order to make redemptions of Fund Shares, or (3) to maintain the required quality of its investment portfolios.

The institutions issuing the participation certificates will retain a service and letter of credit fee and a fee for providing the demand feature, in an amount equal to the excess of the interest paid on the instruments over the negotiated yield at which the participations were purchased by a Fund. The total fees generally range from 5% to 15% of the applicable prime rate or other interest rate index. The Fund will attempt to have the issuer of the participation certificate bear the cost of the insurance. The Fund retains the option to purchase insurance if necessary, in which case the cost of insurance will be a capitalized expense of the Fund.

Demand Notes. The Core Bond Fund may purchase obligations with the right to a “put” or “stand-by commitment.”. A “put” on a municipal obligation obligates the seller of the put to buy within a specified time and at an agreed upon price a municipal obligation the put is issued with. A stand-by commitment is a commitment by an underwriter to purchase for resale any part of a new issue offered to current shareholders in a rights offering which remains unsubscribed.

The Funds will enter into put and stand-by commitments with institutions such as banks and broker–dealers that the Funds’ money managers continually believe satisfy the Funds’ credit quality requirements.

Risk Factors. The ability of the Funds to exercise the put or stand-by commitment may depend on the seller’s ability to purchase the securities at the time the put or stand-by commitment is exercised or on certain restrictions in the buy back arrangement. Such restrictions may prohibit the Funds from exercising the put or stand-by commitment except to maintain portfolio flexibility and liquidity. In the event the seller would be unable to honor a put or stand-by commitment for financial reasons, the Funds may, in the opinion of Funds’ management, be a general creditor of the seller. There may be certain restrictions in the buy back arrangement which may not obligate the seller to repurchase the securities. (See, “Certain Investments – Municipal Notes – Tax Free Participation Certificates.”)

The Funds may purchase from issuers floating or variable rate municipal obligations some of which are subject to payment of principal by the issuer on demand by the Funds (usually not more than thirty days’ notice). The Funds may also purchase floating or variable rate municipal obligations or participations therein from banks, insurance companies or other financial institutions which are owned by such institutions or affiliated organizations. Each participation is usually backed by an irrevocable letter of credit, or guaranty of a bank or insurance policy of an insurance company.

Variable Amount Master Demand Notes. The Core Bond Fund may invest in variable amount master demand notes. Variable amount master demand notes are unsecured obligations redeemable upon notice that permit investment of fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to direct arrangements with the issuer of the instrument. A variable amount master demand note

 

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differs from ordinary commercial paper in that (1) it is issued pursuant to a written agreement between the issuer and the holders, (2) its amount may, from time to time, be increased (may be subject to an agreed maximum) or decreased by the holder of the issue, (3) it is payable on demand, (4) its rate of interest payable varies with an agreed upon formula and (5) it is not typically rated by a rating agency.

Variable And Floating Rate Securities. The Core Bond Fund may invest in variable and floating rate securities. A floating rate security is one whose terms provide for the automatic adjustment of an interest rate whenever a specified interest rate changes. A variable rate security is one whose terms provide for the automatic establishment of a new interest rate on set dates. The interest rate on floating rate securities is ordinarily tied to and is a specified margin above or below the prime rate of a specified bank or some similar objective standard, such as the yield on the 90–day U.S. Treasury Bill rate, and may change as often as daily. Generally, changes in interest rates on variable and floating rate securities will reduce changes in the securities’ market value from the original purchase price resulting in the potential for capital appreciation or capital depreciation being less than for fixed–income obligations with a fixed interest rate.

The Funds may purchase variable rate U.S. government obligations which are instruments issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, or an agency or instrumentality thereof, which have a rate of interest subject to adjustment at regular intervals but no less frequently than every 762 days. Variable rate U.S. government obligations whose interest rates are readjusted no less frequently than every 762 days will be deemed to have a maturity equal to the period remaining until the next readjustment of the interest rate.

Commercial Paper. The Core Bond Fund may invest in commercial paper, which consists of short-term (usually 1 to 270 days) unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations in order to finance their current operations.

Indexed Commercial Paper. The Core Bond Fund may invest in indexed commercial paper, which is U.S.–dollar denominated commercial paper the yield of which is linked to certain foreign exchange rate movements. The yield to the investor on indexed commercial paper is established at maturity as a function of spot exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and a designated currency as of or about that time. The yield to the investor will be within a range stipulated at the time of purchase of the obligation, generally with a guaranteed minimum rate of return that is below, and a potential maximum rate of return that is above, market yields on U.S.–dollar denominated commercial paper, with both the minimum and maximum rates of return on the investment corresponding to the minimum and maximum values of the spot exchange rate two business days prior to maturity.

While such commercial paper entails risk of loss of principal, the potential risk for realizing gains as a result of changes in foreign currency exchange rates enables the Fund to hedge (or cross–hedge) against a decline in the U.S. dollar value of investments denominated in foreign currencies while providing an attractive money market rate of return.

Credit And Liquidity Enhancements. The Core Bond Fund may invest in securities supported by credit and liquidity enhancements from third parties, generally letters of credit from foreign or domestic banks. Liquidity enhancements may be used to shorten the maturity of the debt obligation through a demand feature. Adverse changes in the credit quality of these institutions could cause losses to Core Bond Fund that invest in these securities and may affect their share price.

Funding Agreements. The Core Bond Fund may invest in various types of funding agreements. A funding agreement is an obligation of indebtedness negotiated privately between an investor and an insurance company. A funding agreement has a fixed maturity date and may have either a fixed or variable interest rate that is based on an index and guaranteed for a set time period. Because there is normally no secondary market for these investments, funding agreements purchased by the Fund may be regarded as illiquid and therefore will be subject to the Fund’s limitation on illiquid investments.

Other Financial Instruments Including Derivatives

Options, Futures and Other Financial Instruments. The Funds may use various types of financial instruments, some of which are derivatives, to attempt to manage the risk of the Fund’s investment or, in certain circumstances, for investment (e.g. as a substitute for investing in securities). These financial instruments include options, futures, forward contracts and swaps. Positions in these financial instruments, other than purchased options, expose a Fund to an obligation to another party. The Funds will not enter into any such transaction unless it owns (1) an offsetting (“covered”) position in securities, currencies or other options, futures contracts or forward contracts or (2) cash or liquid assets with a value, marked to market daily, sufficient to cover their obligations to the extent not covered as provided in (1) above. The Funds will comply with SEC guidelines regarding cover for these instruments and will, if the guidelines so require, designate the prescribed amount of cash or liquid assets as segregated.

Assets used as cover or held as segregated cannot be sold while the position in the corresponding financial instrument is open unless they are replaced with other appropriate assets.

 

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Options And Futures. The Funds may purchase and sell (write) both call and put options on securities, securities indexes, and foreign currencies, and enter into interest rate, foreign currency and index futures contracts and purchase and sell options on such futures contracts for hedging purposes or to effect investment transactions consistent with a Fund’s investment objective and strategies. If other types of options, futures contracts, or options on futures contracts are traded in the future, the Funds may also use those instruments, provided that their use is consistent with the Funds’ investment objectives, and provided that their use is consistent with restrictions applicable to options and futures contracts currently eligible for use by the Funds (i.e., that written call or put options will be “covered” or “secured” and that futures and options on futures contracts will be for the purposes of hedging or effecting a Fund’s permitted investment strategies, provided that initial margin and premiums required to establish such non-hedging positions will not exceed 5% of the Fund’s net assets).

Options On Securities And Indexes. Each Fund may purchase and write both call and put options on securities and securities indexes in standardized contracts traded on foreign or national securities exchanges, boards of trade, or similar entities, or quoted on NASDAQ or on a regulated foreign or national over–the–counter market, and agreements, sometimes called cash puts, which may accompany the purchase of a new issue of bonds from a dealer. The Funds intend to treat options in respect of specific securities that are not traded on a national securities exchange and the securities underlying covered call options as not readily marketable and therefore subject to the limitations on the Funds’ ability to hold illiquid securities. The Funds intend to purchase and write call and put options on specific securities.

Exchange listed options are issued by a regulated intermediary, such as the Options Clearing Corporation (“OCC”), which guarantees the performance of the obligations of the parties to such options. This discussion uses the OCC as an example but is also applicable to other financial intermediaries. With certain exceptions, OCC issued and exchange listed options generally settle by physical delivery of the underlying security or currency, although cash settlements may sometimes be available. Index options and Eurodollar instruments are cash settled for the net amount, if any, by which the option is “in the money” (i.e. where the value of the underlying instruments exceeds, in the case of a call option, or is less than, in the case of a put option, the exercise price of the option) at the time the option is exercised. Frequently, rather than taking or making delivery of the underlying instrument through the process of exercising the option, listed options are closed by entering into offsetting purchase or sale transactions that do not result in ownership of the new option.

A Fund’s ability to close out its position as a purchaser or seller of an OCC or exchange listed put or call option is dependent, in part, upon the liquidity of the option market. If one or more exchanges decide to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), the relevant market for that option on that exchange would cease to exist, although outstanding options on that exchange would generally continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.

Over–the–counter options (“OTC Options”) are purchased from or sold to securities dealers, financial institutions or other parties (“Counterparties”) through a direct bilateral agreement with the Counterparty. In contrast to exchange listed options, which generally have standardized terms and performance mechanics, all the terms of an OTC Option, including such terms as method of settlement, term, exercise price, premium, guarantees and security, are set by negotiation of the parties. The staff of the SEC takes the position that OTC options and the assets used as “cover” for written OTC options are illiquid.

Unless the parties provide for it, there is no central clearing or guaranty function in an OTC Option. As a result, if the Counterparty fails to make or take delivery of the security, currency or other instrument underlying an OTC Option it has entered into with a Fund or fails to make a cash settlement payment due in accordance with the terms of that option, the Fund will lose any premium paid for the option and any anticipated benefits of the transaction. Accordingly, RIMCo or the money manager must assess the creditworthiness of each such Counterparty or any guarantor or credit enhancement of the Counterparty’s credit to determine the likelihood that the terms of the OTC Option will be satisfied. A Fund will engage in OTC Option transactions only with U.S. Government securities dealers recognized by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as “primary dealers” or broker/dealers, domestic or foreign banks or other financial institutions that have received (or the guarantors or the obligations of which have received) a short term credit rating of A–1 from S&P or P–1 from Moody’s or an equivalent rating from any nationally recognized statistical rating organization or, in the case of OTC currency transactions, determined to be of equivalent credit by RIMCo or the money manager for the Fund.

An option on a security (or securities index) is a contract that gives the purchaser of the option, in return for a premium, the right (but not the obligation) to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the security underlying the option at a specified exercise price at any time during the option period. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the underlying security upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the underlying security. Upon exercise, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier (established by the exchange upon which the stock index is traded) for the index option. (An index is designed to reflect specified facets of a particular financial or securities market, a specified group of financial instruments or securities, or certain economic indicators.) Options on securities indexes are similar to options on specific securities except that settlement is in cash and gains and losses depend on price movements in the stock market generally (or in a particular industry or segment of the market), rather than price movements in the specific security.

 

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A Fund may purchase a call option on securities to protect against substantial increases in prices of securities the Fund intends to purchase pending its ability or desire to purchase such securities in an orderly manner or employed as a cost-efficient alternative to acquiring the securities for which the option is intended to serve as a proxy. A Fund may purchase a put option on securities to protect holdings in an underlying or related security against a substantial decline in market value. Securities are considered related if their price movements generally correlate to one another.

A Fund will write call options and put options only if they are “covered.” In the case of a call option on a security, the option is “covered” if the Fund owns the security underlying the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, liquid assets in such amount are segregated) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held by the Fund. For a call option on an index, the option is covered if the Fund maintains liquid assets equal to the contract value. A call option is also covered if the Fund holds a call on the same security or index as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is (1) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (2) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in liquid segregated assets. A put option on a security or an index is “covered” if the Fund maintains liquid segregated assets equal to the exercise price. A put option is also covered if the Fund holds a put on the same security or index as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is (1) equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or (2) less than the exercise price of the put written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in liquid segregated assets.

If an option written by a Fund expires, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If an option purchased by a Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss (long or short–term depending on whether the Fund’s holding period for the option is greater than one year) equal to the premium paid.

To close out a position when writing covered options, a Fund may make a “closing purchase transaction,” which involves purchasing an option on the same security with the same exercise price and expiration date as the option which it previously wrote on the security. To close out a position as a purchaser of an option, a Fund may make a “closing sale transaction,” which involves liquidating the Fund’s position by selling the option previously purchased. The Fund will realize a profit or loss from a closing purchase or sale transaction depending upon the difference between the amount paid to purchase an option and the amount received from the sale thereof.

Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, underlying security or index, exercise price and expiration). There can be no assurance, however, that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when the Fund desires.

A Fund will realize a capital gain from a closing transaction on an option it has written if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, the Fund will realize a capital loss. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. With respect to closing transactions on purchased options, the capital gain or loss realized will be short or long–term depending on the holding period of the option closed out. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price of the underlying security or index in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the underlying security or index, and the time remaining until the expiration date.

The premium paid for a put or call option purchased by a Fund is an asset of the Fund. The premium received for an option written by a Fund is recorded as a liability. The value of an option purchased or written is marked–to–market daily and is valued at the closing price on the exchange on which it is traded or, if not traded on an exchange or no closing price is available, at the last bid.

Risk Factors. There are several risks associated with transactions in options on securities and on indexes. For example, there are significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use options involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well–conceived transaction may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected events.

If a put or call option purchased by a Fund is not sold when it has remaining value, and if the market price of the underlying security, in the case of a put, remains equal to or greater than the exercise price or, in the case of a call, remains less than or equal to the exercise price, the Fund will lose its entire investment (i.e., the premium paid) on the option. Also, where a put or call option on a particular security is purchased to hedge against price movements in a related security, the price of the put or call option may move more or less than the price of the related security.

 

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There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist when a Fund seeks to close out an option position. If a Fund were unable to close out an option that it had purchased on a security, it would have to exercise the option in order to realize any profit or the option may expire worthless. If a Fund were unable to close out a covered call option that it had written on a security, it would not be able to sell the underlying security unless the option expired without exercise.

As the writer of a covered call option, a Fund forgoes, during the option’s life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the underlying security above the exercise price, but, as long as its obligation as a writer continues, has retained a risk of loss should the price of the underlying security decline. Where a Fund writes a put option, it is exposed during the term of the option to a decline in the price of the underlying security.

If trading were suspended in an option purchased by a Fund, the Fund would not be able to close out the option. If restrictions on exercise were imposed, the Fund might be unable to exercise an option it has purchased. Except to the extent that a call option on an index written by the Fund is covered by an option on the same index purchased by the Fund, movements in the index may result in a loss to the Fund; however, such losses may be mitigated by changes in the value of the Fund’s securities during the period the option was outstanding.

Options On Foreign Currency. A Fund may buy and sell put and call options on foreign currencies either on exchanges or in the over–the–counter market for the purpose of hedging against changes in future currency exchange rates or to effect investment transactions consistent with a Fund’s investment objective and strategies. Call options convey the right to buy the underlying currency at a price which is expected to be lower than the spot price of the currency at the time the option expires. Put options convey the right to sell the underlying currency at a price which is anticipated to be higher than the spot price of the currency at the time the option expires. Currency options traded on U.S. or other exchanges may be subject to position limits which may limit the ability of a Fund to reduce foreign currency risk using such options. Over–the–counter options differ from traded options in that they are two–party contracts with price and other terms negotiated between buyer and seller, and generally do not have as much market liquidity as exchange–traded options.

Futures Contracts And Options On Futures Contracts. A Fund may invest in interest rate futures contracts, foreign currency futures contracts, Euro dollar futures or stock index futures contracts, and options thereon that are traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange or board of trade or over–the–counter. An interest rate, foreign currency or index futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified quantity of financial instruments (such as GNMA certificates or Treasury bonds) or foreign currency or the cash value of an index at a specified price at a future date. A futures contract on an index (such as the S&P 500®) is an agreement between two parties (buyer and seller) to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the index contract was originally written. In the case of futures contracts traded on U.S. exchanges, the exchange itself or an affiliated clearing corporation assumes the opposite side of each transaction (i.e., as buyer or seller). A futures contract may be satisfied or closed out by delivery or purchase, as the case may be, of the financial instrument or by payment of the change in the cash value of the index. Although the value of an index may be a function of the value of certain specified securities, no physical delivery of these securities is made. A public market exists in futures contracts covering several indexes as well as a number of financial instruments and foreign currencies. For example: the S&P 500®; the Russell 2000®; Nikkei 225; CAC–40; FT–SE 100; the NYSE composite; U.S. Treasury bonds; U.S. Treasury notes; GNMA Certificates; three–month U.S. Treasury bills; Eurodollar certificates of deposit; the Australian Dollar; the Canadian Dollar; the British Pound; the German Mark; the Japanese Yen; the French Franc; the Swiss Franc; the Mexican Peso; and certain multinational currencies, such as the European Currency Unit (“ECU”). It is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future. Euro dollar futures are typically dollar-denominated futures contracts or options on those contracts that are linked to the LIBOR. In addition, foreign currency denominated instruments are available from time to time. Euro dollar futures contracts enable purchasers to obtain a fixed rate for the lending of funds and sellers to obtain a fixed rate for borrowings. A fund might use Euro dollar futures contracts and options thereon to hedge against changes in LIBOR, to which many interest rate swaps and fixed income instruments are linked.

Frequently, using futures to affect a particular strategy instead of using the underlying or related security or index will result in lower transaction costs being incurred.

Each Fund may also purchase and write call and put options on futures contracts. Options on futures contracts possess many of the same characteristics as options on securities and indexes (discussed above). A futures option gives the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a long position (in the case of a call) or short position (in the case of a put) in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of a call option, the holder acquires a long position in the futures contract and the writer is assigned the opposite short position. In the case of a put option, the opposite is true. An option on a futures contract may be closed out (before exercise or expiration) by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option on a futures contract of the same series.

 

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There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at a time when a Fund seeks to close out a futures contract or a futures option position. Most futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single day; once the daily limit has been reached on a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit. In addition, certain of these instruments are relatively new and without a significant trading history. As a result, there is no assurance that an active secondary market will develop or continue to exist. Lack of a liquid market for any reason may prevent a Fund from liquidating an unfavorable position and the Fund would remain obligated to meet margin requirements until the position is closed.

A Fund will only enter into futures contracts or options on futures contracts which are standardized and traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange or board of trade, or similar entity, or quoted on an automated quotation system. A Fund will enter into a futures contract only if the contract is “covered” or if the Fund at all times maintains liquid segregated assets equal to or greater than the fluctuating value of the contract (less any margin or deposit). A Fund will write a call or put option on a futures contract only if the option is “covered.” For a discussion of how to cover a written call or put option, see “Options on Securities and Indexes” above.

A Fund may enter into futures contracts and options on futures contracts for “bona fide hedging” purposes, as defined under the rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”). A Fund may also enter into futures contracts and options on futures contracts for non hedging purposes provided the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish such non-hedging positions will not exceed 5% of the Fund’s net assets.

Each Fund will limit its use of futures contracts and options on futures contracts to hedging transactions and, within such 5% limits, to effect investment transactions consistent with a Fund’s investment objective and strategies. For example, a Fund might use futures contracts to hedge against anticipated changes in interest rates that might adversely affect either the value of the Fund’s securities or the price of the securities which the Fund intends to purchase. Additionally, a Fund may use futures contracts to create equity exposure for its cash reserves for liquidity purposes.

When a purchase or sale of a futures contract is made by a Fund, the Fund is required to deposit with the broker a specified amount of cash or U.S. government securities (“initial margin”). The margin required for a futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded and may be modified during the term of the contract. The initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the futures contract which is returned to the Fund upon termination of the contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Each Fund expects to earn interest income on its initial margin deposits.

A futures contract held by a Fund is valued daily at the official settlement price of the exchange on which it is traded. Each day the Fund pays or receives cash, called “variation margin,” equal to the daily change in value of the futures contract. This process is known as “marking to market.” Variation margin does not represent a borrowing or loan by a Fund, but is instead a settlement between the Fund and the broker of the amount one would owe the other if the futures contract expired. In computing daily net asset value, each Fund will mark–to– market its open futures positions.

A Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it. Such margin deposits will vary depending on the nature of the underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin requirements), the current market value of the option, and other futures positions held by the Fund.

Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying securities, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations.

Limitations On Use Of Futures And Options On Futures Contracts. A Fund will not enter into a futures contract or futures option contract for purposes other than hedging if, immediately thereafter, the aggregate initial margin deposits relating to such positions plus premiums paid by it for open futures option positions, less the amount by which any such options are “in–the–money,” would exceed 5% of the Fund’s total assets. A call option is “in–the–money” if the value of the futures contract that is the subject of the option exceeds the exercise price. A put option is “in–the–money” if the exercise price exceeds the value of the futures contract that is the subject of the option.

When purchasing a futures contract, a Fund will maintain (and mark–to–market on a daily basis) liquid assets that, when added to the amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, are equal to the market value of the futures contract. Alternatively, the Fund may “cover” its position by purchasing a put option on the same futures contract with a strike price equal to or higher than the price of the contract held by the Fund.

 

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When selling a futures contract, a Fund will maintain (and mark–to–market on a daily basis) liquid assets that, when added to the amount deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, are equal to the market value of the instruments underlying the contract. Alternatively, the Fund may “cover” its position by owning the instruments underlying the contract (or, in the case of an index futures contract, a portfolio with a volatility substantially similar to that of the index on which the futures contract is based), or by holding a call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same futures contract at a price no higher than the price of the contract written by the Fund (or at a higher price if the difference is maintained in segregated liquid assets).

When selling a call option on a futures contract, a Fund will maintain (and mark–to–market on a daily basis) liquid assets that, when added to the amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, equal the total market value of the futures contract underlying the call option. Alternatively, the Fund may “cover” its position by entering into a long position in the same futures contract at a price no higher than the strike price of the call option, by owning the instruments underlying the futures contract, or by holding a separate call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same futures contract at a price not higher than the strike price of the call option sold by the Fund.

When selling a put option on a futures contract, a Fund will maintain (and mark–to–market on a daily basis) liquid assets that equal the purchase price of the futures contract, less any margin on deposit. Alternatively, the Fund may “cover” the position either by entering into a short position in the same futures contract, or by owning a separate put option permitting it to sell the same futures contract so long as the strike price of the purchased put option is the same or higher than the strike price of the put option sold by the Fund.

The Funds are limited in entering into futures contracts and options on futures contracts to positions which constitute “bona fide hedging” positions within the meaning and intent of applicable CFTC rules and, with respect to positions for non-hedging purposes, to positions for which the aggregate initial margins and premiums will not exceed 5% of the net assets of a Fund.

The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company also may limit the extent to which a Fund may enter into futures, options on futures contracts or forward contracts. See “Taxes.”

Risk Factors. There are several risks associated with the use of futures and options on futures contracts as hedging techniques. A purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in the futures contract. There can be no guarantee that there will be a correlation between price movements in the hedging vehicle and in the portfolio securities being hedged. In addition, there are significant differences between the securities and futures markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between the markets, causing a given hedge not to achieve its objectives. The degree of imperfection of correlation depends on circumstances such as variations in speculative market demand for futures and options on futures contracts on securities, including technical influences in futures trading and options on futures contracts, and differences between the financial instruments being hedged and the instruments underlying the standard contracts available for trading in such respects as interest rate levels, maturities and creditworthiness of issuers. An incorrect correlation could result in a loss on both the hedged securities in a Fund and the hedging vehicle so that the portfolio return might have been greater had hedging not been attempted. A decision as to whether, when and how to hedge involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well–conceived hedge may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected interest rate trends.

Futures exchanges may limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in certain futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of the current trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a futures contract subject to the limit, no more trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movements during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the limit may work to prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. For example, futures prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of positions and subjecting some holders of futures contracts to substantial losses.

There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at a time when a Fund seeks to close out a futures or a futures option position. Most futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single day; once the daily limit has been reached on a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit. In addition, certain of these instruments are relatively new and without a significant trading history. As a result, there is no assurance that an active secondary market will develop or continue to exist. Lack of a liquid market for any reason may prevent a Fund from liquidating an unfavorable position and the Fund would remain obligated to meet margin requirements until the position is closed.

Foreign Currency Futures Contracts. The Funds are also permitted to enter into foreign currency futures contracts in accordance with their investment objectives and as limited by the procedures outlined above.

 

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A foreign currency futures contract is a bilateral agreement pursuant to which one party agrees to make, and the other party agrees to accept delivery of a specified type of debt security or currency at a specified price. Although such futures contacts by their terms call for actual delivery or acceptance of debt securities or currency, in most cases the contracts are closed out before the settlement date without the making or taking of delivery.

The Funds may sell a foreign currency futures contract to hedge against possible variations in the exchange rate of the foreign currency in relation to the U.S. dollar or to effect investment transactions consistent with the Funds’ investment objectives and strategies. When a manager anticipates a significant change in a foreign exchange rate while intending to invest in a foreign security, a Fund may purchase a foreign currency futures contract to hedge against a rise in foreign exchange rates pending completion of the anticipated transaction or as a means to gain portfolio exposure to that currency. Such a purchase would serve as a temporary measure to protect the Fund against any rise in the foreign exchange rate which may add additional costs to acquiring the foreign security position. The Funds may also purchase call or put options on foreign currency futures contracts to obtain a fixed foreign exchange rate. The Funds may purchase a call option or write a put option on a foreign exchange futures contract to hedge against a decline in the foreign exchange rates or the value of its foreign securities. The Funds may write a call option on a foreign currency futures contract as a partial hedge against the effects of declining foreign exchange rates on the value of foreign securities or as a means to gain portfolio exposure to a currency.

Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Transactions (“Forward Currency Contracts”). The Funds may engage in forward currency contracts to hedge against uncertainty in the level of future exchange rates or to effect investment transactions consistent with the Funds’ investment objectives and strategies. The Funds will conduct their forward foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e. cash) basis at the rate prevailing in the currency exchange market, or through entering into forward currency exchange contracts (“forward contract”) to purchase or sell currency at a future date. A forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency. For example, to exchange a certain amount of U.S. dollars for a certain amount of Japanese Yen––at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. Forward currency contracts are (a) traded in an interbank market conducted directly between currency traders (typically, commercial banks or other financial institutions) and their customers, (b) generally have no deposit requirements and (c) are consummated without payment of any commissions. A Fund may, however, enter into forward currency contracts containing either or both deposit requirements and commissions. In order to assure that a Fund’s forward currency contracts are not used to achieve investment leverage, the Fund will segregate liquid assets in an amount at all times equal to or exceeding the Fund’s commitments with respect to these contracts. The Funds may engage in a forward contract that involves transacting in a currency whose changes in value are considered to be linked (a proxy) to a currency or currencies in which some or all of the Funds’ portfolio securities are or are expected to be denominated. A Fund’s dealings in forward contracts may involve hedging involving either specific transactions or portfolio positions or taking a position in a foreign currency. Transaction hedging is the purchase or sale of foreign currency with respect to specific receivables or payables of the Funds generally accruing in connection with the purchase or sale of their portfolio securities. Position hedging is the sale of foreign currency with respect to portfolio security positions denominated or quoted in the currency. A Fund may not enter into a forward currency contract to sell a particular currency to an extent greater than the aggregate market value (at the time of making such sale) of the securities held in its portfolio denominated or quoted in or currency convertible into that particular currency (or another currency or aggregate of currencies which act as a proxy for that currency). The Funds may enter into a forward currency contract to purchase a currency other than that held in the Funds’ portfolios. If a Fund enters into a forward currency contract, liquid assets will be segregated in an amount equal to the value of the Fund’s total assets committed to the consummation of the forward contract. If the value of the securities that are segregated declines, additional liquid assets will be segregated so that the value of the segregated liquid assets will equal the amount of the Fund’s commitment with respect to the contract. Forward currency transactions may be made from any foreign currency into U.S. dollars or into other appropriate currencies.

At or before the maturity of a forward foreign currency contract, a Fund may either sell a portfolio security and make delivery of the currency, or retain the security and offset its contractual obligation to deliver the currency by purchasing a second contract pursuant to which the Fund will obtain, on the same maturity date, the same amount of the currency which it is obligated to deliver. If a Fund retains the portfolio security and engages in an offsetting transaction, the Fund, at the time of execution of the offsetting transaction, will incur a gain or a loss to the extent that movement has occurred in forward currency contract prices. Should forward prices decline during the period between the Fund’s entering into a forward contract for the sale of a currency and the date that it enters into an offsetting contract for the purchase of the currency, the Fund will realize a gain to the extent that the price of the currency that it has agreed to sell exceeds the price of the currency that it has agreed to purchase. Should forward prices increase, the Fund will suffer a loss to the extent that the price of the currency it has agreed to purchase exceeds the price of the currency that it has agreed to sell. There can be no assurance that new forward currency contracts or offsets will be available to a Fund.

Upon maturity of a forward currency contract, the Funds may (a) pay for and receive, or deliver and be paid for, the underlying currency, (b) negotiate with the dealer to roll over the contract into a new forward currency contract with a new future settlement date or (c) negotiate with the dealer to terminate the forward contract by entering into an offset with the currency trader whereby the parties agree to pay for and receive the difference between the exchange rate fixed in the contract and the then current exchange rate. A Fund also may be able to negotiate such an offset prior to maturity of the original forward contract. There can be no assurance that new forward contracts or offsets will always be available to the Funds.

 

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The cost to a Fund of engaging in currency transactions varies with factors such as the currency involved, the length of the contract period and the market conditions then prevailing. Because transactions in currency exchange are usually conducted on a principal basis, no fees or commissions are involved. The use of forward foreign currency contracts does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities, but it does establish a rate of exchange that can be achieved in the future. In addition, although forward foreign currency contracts limit the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of a hedged currency, at the same time, they limit any potential gain that might result should the value of the currency increase.

If a devaluation is generally anticipated, a Fund may be able to contract to sell the currency at a price above the devaluation level that it anticipates. A Fund will not enter into a currency transaction if, as a result, it will fail to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), for a given year.

Forward foreign currency contracts are not regulated by the SEC. They are traded through financial institutions acting as market–makers. In the forward foreign currency market, there are no daily price fluctuation limits, and adverse market movements could therefore continue to an unlimited extent over a period of time. Moreover, a trader of forward contracts could lose amounts substantially in excess of its initial investments, due to the collateral requirements associated with such positions.

The market for forward currency contracts may be limited with respect to certain currencies. These factors will restrict a Fund’s ability to hedge against the risk of devaluation of currencies in which the Fund holds a substantial quantity of securities and are unrelated to the qualitative rating that may be assigned to any particular portfolio security. Where available, the successful use of forward currency contracts draws upon a money manager’s special skills and experience with respect to such instruments and usually depends on the money manager’s ability to forecast interest rate and currency exchange rate movements correctly. Should interest or exchange rates move in an unexpected manner, a Fund may not achieve the anticipated benefits of forward currency contracts or may realize losses and thus be in a worse position than if such strategies had not been used. Unlike many exchange–traded futures contracts and options on futures contracts, there are no daily price fluctuation limits with respect to forward currency contracts, and adverse market movements could therefore continue to an unlimited extent over a period of time. In addition, the correlation between movements in the prices of such instruments and movements in the price of the securities and currencies hedged or used for cover will not be perfect. In the case of proxy hedging, there is also a risk that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present during the particular time a Fund is engaged in that strategy.

A Fund’s ability to dispose of its positions in forward currency contracts will depend on the availability of active markets in such instruments. It is impossible to predict the amount of trading interest that may exist in various types of forward currency contracts. Forward currency contracts may be closed out only by the parties entering into an offsetting contract. Therefore, no assurance can be given that the Fund will be able to utilize these instruments effectively for the purposes set forth above.

Forward foreign currency transactions are subject to the additional risk of governmental actions affecting trading in or the prices of foreign currencies or securities. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (1) other complex foreign, political, legal and economic factors, (2) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (3) delays in a Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non–business hours in the United States, (4) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States, (5) lesser trading volume and (6) that a perceived linkage between various currencies may not persist throughout the duration of the contracts.

Additional Risks Of Options On Securities, Futures Contracts, Options On Futures Contracts, And Forward Currency Exchange Contract And Options Thereon. Options on securities, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, currencies and options on currencies may be traded on foreign exchanges. Such transactions may not be regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United States; may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (1) other complex foreign, political, legal and economic factors, (2) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (3) delays in a Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non–business hours in the United States, (4) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States, and (5) lesser trading volume.

Swap Agreements and Swaptions. The Funds may enter into swap agreements, on either an asset-based or liability-based basis, depending on whether they are hedging their assets or their liabilities, and will usually enter into swaps on a net basis, i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Funds receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. When a Fund engages in a swap, it exchanges its obligations to pay or rights to receive payments for the obligations or rights to receive payments of another party (i.e., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed rate payments).

 

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The Funds may enter into several different types of agreements including interest rate, credit and currency swaps. Interest rate swaps are a counterparty agreement, can be customized to meet each party’s needs and involve the exchange of a fixed payment per period for a payment that is not fixed. Currency swaps are an agreement where two parties exchange specified amounts of different currencies which are followed by a series of interest payments that are exchanged based on the principal cash flow. At maturity the principal amounts are exchanged back. Credit default swaps are a counterparty agreement which allows the transfer of third party credit risk (the possibility that a issuer will default on their obligation by failing to pay principal or interest in a timely manner) from one party to another. The lender faces the credit risk from a third party and the counterparty in the swap agrees to insure this risk in exchange for regular periodic payments.

The Funds expect to enter into these transactions primarily to preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of their portfolios or to protect against any increase in the price of securities they anticipate purchasing at a later date. The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds’ obligations over their entitlements with respect to each swap will be accrued on a daily basis and an amount of cash or liquid high-grade debt securities having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be segregated. To the extent that the Funds enter into swaps on other than a net basis, the amount maintained in a segregated account will be the full amount of the Funds’ obligations, if any, with respect to such interest rate swaps, accrued on a daily basis. The Funds will not enter into any swaps unless the unsecured senior debt or the claims-paying ability of the other party thereto is rated in the highest rating category of at least one nationally recognized rating organization at the time of entering into such transaction. If there is a default by the other party to such a transaction, the Funds will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreement related to the transaction. The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid.

The use of interest rate swaps is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. If a money manager using this technique is incorrect in its forecast of market values, interest rates and other applicable factors, the investment performance of a Fund would diminish compared to what it would have been if this investment technique were not used.

A Fund may only enter into interest rate swaps to hedge its portfolio. Interest rate swaps do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets or principal. Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect to interest rate swaps is limited to the net amount of interest payments that the Funds are contractually obligated to make. If the other party to an interest rate swap defaults, the Funds’ risk of loss consists of the net amount of interest payments that the Funds are contractually entitled to receive. Since interest rate swaps are individually negotiated, the Funds expect to achieve an acceptable degree of correlation between their rights to receive interest on their portfolio securities and their rights and obligations to receive and pay interest pursuant to interest rate swaps.

A Fund may enter into a swaption (swap option). In a swaption, in exchange for an option, the buyer gains the right but not the obligation to enter into a specified swap agreement with the issuer on a specified future date. The writer of the contract receives the premium and bears the risk of unfavorable changes in the preset rate on the underlying interest rate swap. Unrealized gains/losses on swaptions are reflected in investment assets and investment liabilities in the Fund’s statement of financial condition.

Index Swap Agreements. The Funds may enter into index swap agreements as an additional hedging strategy for cash reserves held by those Funds or to effect investment transactions consistent with these Fund’s investment objective and strategies. Swap agreements are two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, the two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular investments or instruments. The returns to be exchanged between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e. a specified dollar amount that is hypothetically invested in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index).

Under most swap agreements entered into by these Funds, the parties’ obligations are determined on a “net basis.” Consequently, a Fund’s obligations or rights under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to a net amount based on the relative values of the positions held by each party. A Fund’s obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by segregating cash or other liquid assets to avoid any potential leveraging of a Fund’s portfolio. No Fund will enter into a swap agreement with any single party if the net amount owned or to be received ender existing contracts with that party would exceed 5% of that Fund’s assets.

The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting as both principals and agents using standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid.

A Fund may not receive the expected amount under a swap agreement if the other party to the agreement defaults or becomes bankrupt. The market for swap agreements is largely unregulated. The Funds will only enter into swap agreements with counterparties that would be eligible for consideration as repurchase agreement counterparties under the Funds’ repurchase agreement guidelines.

 

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Forward Commitments. A Fund may contract to purchase securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond customary settlement time (a “forward commitment” or “when–issued” transaction) so long as such transactions are consistent with the Fund’s ability to manage its investment portfolio and meet redemption requests. A Fund may dispose of a forward commitment or when–issued transaction prior to settlement if it is appropriate to do so and realize short–term profits or losses upon such sale. When effecting such transactions, liquid assets of the Fund in a dollar amount sufficient to make payment for the portfolio securities to be purchased will be segregated on the Fund’s records at the trade date and maintained until the transaction is settled. Forward commitments and when–issued transactions involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date or the other party to the transaction fails to complete the transaction.

Additionally, under certain circumstances, the Non-U.S. Fund may occasionally engage in “free trade” transactions in which delivery of securities sold by the Fund is made prior to the Fund’s receipt of cash payment therefore or the Fund’s payment of cash for portfolio securities occurs prior to the Fund’s receipt of those securities. Cash payment in such instances generally occurs on the next business day in the local market. “Free trade” transactions involve the risk of loss to a Fund if the other party to the “free trade” transaction fails to complete the transaction after a Fund has tendered cash payment or securities, as the case may be.

TAXES

Election To Be Taxed As A Regulated Investment Company. Each Fund has elected to be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”). Each Fund has qualified as a regulated investment company for its most recent fiscal year and intends to continue to qualify during the current fiscal year. As a regulated investment company, a Fund generally pays no federal income tax on the income and gain it distributes. The Board reserves the right not to maintain the qualification of a Fund as a regulated investment company if it determines such a course of action to be beneficial to shareholders. In such case, the Fund will be subject to federal, and possibly state, corporate taxes on its taxable income and gain, and Fund distributions would be treated by shareholders as taxable dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s earnings and profits.

Diversification Requirements. Each Fund intends to comply with the diversification requirements of section 817(h) of the Code relating to the tax-deferred status of variable accounts that are based on insurance company separate accounts. If these requirements are not met, or under other limited circumstances, it is possible that the contract holders, rather than the separate accounts, will be treated for federal income tax purposes as the taxable owners of the assets held by the separate accounts.

Effect Of Foreign Investments On Distributions. Certain Funds may invest in foreign securities and may be subject to foreign withholding taxes on income from those securities that may reduce distributions.

The Non-U.S. Fund may qualify for and make an election to pass through to shareholders the ability to claim a credit or deduction (subject to limitations) on their federal income tax returns for their pro rata share of any qualified foreign taxes paid by the Fund. Shareholders would be required to treat their pro rata share of such foreign taxes as having been distributed to them. The Non-U.S. Fund will qualify for the election in any given taxable year if, at the close of such taxable year, more than 50% of its total asset value consists of stock or other securities of foreign corporations.

Investment In PFIC Securities. If a Fund invests in securities of foreign entities that could be deemed for tax purposes to be passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”), the Fund intends to mark-to-market these securities and recognize any gain at the end of its fiscal year. Any mark to market losses and any losses from an actual disposition of shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark to market gains included in income in prior years.

Shareholders of PFICs may, under certain circumstances, be subject to a deferred interest charge pursuant to section 1291 of the Code.

Excise Tax Distribution Requirements. To avoid federal excise taxes, the Code requires a Fund to make certain minimum distributions by December 31 of each year. Federal excise taxes will not apply to a Fund in a given calendar year, however, if all of its shareholders at all times during the calendar year are segregated asset accounts of life insurance companies where the shares are held in connection with variable products.

Tax Consequences To Shareholders. Since shareholders of the Funds will be the insurance company separate accounts, no discussion is included herein concerning federal income tax consequences for the holders of the contracts. For information concerning the federal income tax consequences to any such holder, see the prospectus relating to the applicable contract.

At December 31, 2007, the Funds did not have any net tax basis capital loss carryforwards.

 

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MONEY MANAGER INFORMATION

Multi-Style Equity Fund

Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder Advisers, LLC is controlled by Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder Holdings, Inc., with no one individual owning more than 25% of the voting securities.

Columbus Circle Investors is 70% owned by Principal Global Investors, LLC. Principal Global Investors, LLC is 100% owned by Principal Life Insurance Company, which is 100% owned by Principal Financial Services, Inc., which in turn is 100% owned by Principal Financial Group, a publicly traded company.

DePrince, Race & Zollo, Inc. is controlled by the following: Gregory M. DePrince, John D. Race and Victor A. Zollo, each owning 30% of the firm.

Institutional Capital LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of New York Life Investment Management Holdings LLC, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of New York Life Insurance Company, which, in turn, is wholly-owned by the policyholders of New York Life Insurance Company.

Jacobs Levy Equity Management, Inc. is owned by Bruce Jacobs and Kenneth Levy.

Montag & Caldwell, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fortis Bank SA/NV. Fortis Bank SA/NV is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fortis SA/NV, a public company with limited liability incorporated in the form of a société anonyme/naamloze vennootschap under Belgian law, and Fortis N.V., a public limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) under Dutch law.

Suffolk Capital Management, LLC is a wholly–owned subsidiary of Ohio National Financial Services, Inc. Ohio National Financial Services, Inc. is wholly–owned by Ohio National Mutual Holdings, Inc. which, in turn, is wholly–owned by the policyholders of The Ohio National Life Insurance Company.

Turner Investment Partners, Inc. is a corporation controlled by Robert E. Turner.

Aggressive Equity Fund

ClariVest Asset Management LLC is a U.S. limited liability company which is indirectly controlled by Stacey Nutt, Jeffrey D. Lovell and James E. Minnick through their ownership of 25% or more of the voting shares of various limited liability companies and partnerships within the corporate structure of ClariVest.

DePrince, Race & Zollo, Inc. See: Multi-Style Equity Fund.

Gould Investment Partners LLC is a limited liability company controlled by Richard H. Gould.

Jacobs Levy Equity Management, Inc. is owned by Bruce Jacobs and Kenneth Levy.

PanAgora Asset Management, Inc. is an indirect subsidiary of Putnam Investments Trust. This holding company and its subsidiaries, including PanAgora Asset Management, Inc., are indirect subsidiaries of Great-West Lifeco, Inc. (“Great-West Life”), a public company. Great-West Life is controlled by Power Financial Corporation, a public company. Additionally, Nippon Life Insurance Company (“NLI”) holds a 20% voting interest in PanAgora Asset Management, Inc.

Ranger Investment Management, L.P. is a limited partnership with no individual controlling more than 25%.

Signia Capital Management, LLC is a limited liability company with no individual controlling more than 25%.

Tygh Capital Management, Inc. is an employee-owned corporation controlled by its majority shareholders Richard J. Johnson and Jeff B. Curtis.

 

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Real Estate Securities Fund

AEW Management and Advisors, L.P. is a limited partnership that is 75% owned by AEW Capital Management, L.P. and 25% owned by the general partner, AEW Investment Group, Inc. AEW Capital Management, L.P. is controlled by Natixis Global Asset Management, L.P. (formerly known as IXIS Asset Management US Group, which was formerly known as IXIS Asset Management North America, L.P.). In November 2006, CNCE, Banques Populaire and Natexis Banques Populaires combined operations and created a new company called Natixis, a publicly listed company. In June 2007, all IXIS entities underwent a name change and are now called Natixis Global Asset Management, L.P.

Cohen & Steers Capital Management, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Cohen & Steers, Inc. a publicly traded company. Martin Cohen and Robert H, Steers each own approximately 29.3% of Cohen & Steers, Inc. The remaining 41.4% of Cohen & Steers, Inc. is owned by the public.

Heitman Real Estate Securities, LLC is 50% owned by its employees, with no one individual employee beneficially owning 25% or greater, and 50% owned by Old Mutual plc, a publicly traded company.

INVESCO Institutional (N.A.), Inc., which acts as money manager to the Fund through its INVESCO Real Estate Division (“INVESCO”) is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of AMVESCAP, PLC, a publicly traded corporation. Other entities in the corporate chain of control of which INVESCO is a direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary include AVZ, Inc., AMVESCAP Group Services, Inc. and INVESCO North American Holdings, Inc.

RREEF America L.L.C. is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank, A.G., a publicly traded company. Other entities in the corporate chain of control of which RREEF America L.L.C. is a direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary include Deutsche Bank Americas Holding Corp. and Taunus Corporation.

Non-U.S. Fund

AQR Capital Management, LLC is majority-owned and controlled by its principals Clifford S. Asness, Ph.D., John M. Liew, Ph.D., David Kabiller, CFA, Robert Krail, Brian K. Hurst, Jacques A. Friedman, Ronen Israel, Lars Nielsen and Oktay Kurbanov.

Altrinsic Global Advisors, LLC is an employee owned U.S. limited liability company and is controlled by John Hock.

MFS Institutional Advisors, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Massachusetts Financial Services Company and is an indirect subsidiary of Sun Life Financial , Inc., a publicly traded company.

Wellington Management Company, LLP is a limited liability partnership with no one individual controlling more than 25%.

Core Bond Fund

Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. is a wholly-owned direct and indirect subsidiary of the Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., a publicly traded company.

Metropolitan West Asset Management, LLC (“MWAM”) is wholly-owned by MWAM Holdings, LLC, which is 100% owned and controlled by active employees at MWAM. Scott B. Dubchansky and Tad Rivelle each own 20-50% of MWAM Holdings, LLC.

Pacific Investment Management Company LLC (“PIMCO”) is a Delaware limited liability company, is a majority-owned subsidiary of Allianz Global Investors of America L.P., (“AGI LP”). Allianz SE (“Allianz SE”) is the indirect majority owner of AGI LP. Allianz SE is a European-based, multinational insurance and financial services holding company.

 

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RATINGS OF DEBT INSTRUMENTS

CORPORATE AND MUNICIPAL BOND RATINGS.

MOODY’S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. (MOODY’S):

Aaa — Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edged.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

Aa –– Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long–term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.

A –– Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

Baa –– Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium–grade obligations (i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great period of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

Ba –– Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during other good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

B –– Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

Caa –– Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal and interest.

Ca –– Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

C — Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

Moody’s applies numerical modifiers, 1, 2 and 3 in each generic rating classification in its corporate bond rating system. The modifier 1 indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid–range ranking; and modifier 3 indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.

STANDARD & POOR’S RATINGS GROUP (“S&P”):

AAA –– This is the highest rating assigned by S&P to a debt obligation and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and interest.

AA — Bonds rated AA also qualify as high–quality debt obligations. Capacity to pay principal and interest is very strong, and in the majority of instances they differ from AAA issues only in small degree.

A –– Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay principal and interest, although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions.

 

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BBB — Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. While bonds with this rating normally exhibit adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category than debt in higher rated categories.

BB, B, CCC, CC, C — Bonds rated BB, B, CCC, CC and C are regarded, on balance, as predominantly speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and C the highest degree of speculation. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.

BB –– Bonds rated BB have less near–term vulnerability to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, they face major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B — Bonds rated B have a greater vulnerability to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’ but currently have the capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal.

CCC — A bond rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

CC –– An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.

C — The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed or similar action has been taken, but payments on this obligation are being continued.

D –– Bonds rated D are in payment default. The D rating is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

Plus (+) or Minus (–): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

The (r) symbol is attached to the ratings of instruments with significant noncredit risks. It highlights risks to principal or volatility of expected returns which are not addressed in the credit rating. Examples include: obligations linked or indexed to equities, currencies, or commodities; obligations exposed to severe prepayment risk – such as interest-only or principal-only mortgage securities; and obligations with unusually risky interest terms, such as inverse floaters.

STATE, MUNICIPAL NOTES AND TAX EXEMPT DEMAND NOTES.

MOODY’S:

Moody’s rating for state, municipal and other short–term obligations will be designated Moody’s Investment Grade (“MIG”). This distinction is in recognition of the differences between short–term credit risk and long–term risk. Factors affecting the liquidity of the borrower are uppermost in importance in short–term borrowing, while various factors of the first importance in bond risk are of lesser importance in the short run.

Symbols used are as follows:

MIG–1/VMIG 1 — This designation denotes best quality. There is present strong protection by established cash flows, superior liquidity support or demonstrated broad based access to the market for refinancing.

MIG–2/VMIG 2 — This designation denotes best quality. Margins of protection are ample although not so large as in the preceding group.

 

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MIG–3/VMIG 3 — This designation denotes favorable quality. All security elements are accounted or but there is a lacking the undeniable strength of the preceding grades. Liquidity and cash flow protection may be narrow and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well established.

SG — This designation denotes speculative quality. Debt instruments in this category lack margins of protection.

S&P:

A S&P note rating, reflects the liquidity concerns and market access risks unique to notes. Notes due in 3 years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond 3 years will most likely receive a long–term debt rating. The following criteria will be used in making that assessment:

— Amortization schedule (the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note).

— Source of payment (the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note).

Note rating symbols are as follows:

SP–1 –– Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Issues determined to possess very strong characteristics are given a plus (+) designation.

SP–2 –– Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.

SP–3 –– Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS.

Moody’s:

Prime – 1 — Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-1 repayment ability will often be evidenced by many of the following characteristics:

 

   

Leading market positions in well-established industries.

 

   

High rates of return on funds employed.

 

   

Conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection.

 

   

Broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation.

 

   

Well-established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

Prime – 2 — Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, wile sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.

Prime – 3 — Issuers rated Prime-3 (or supporting institutions) have an acceptable ability for repayment of senior short-term obligations. The effect of industry characteristics and market compositions may be more pronounced. Variability in earnings and profitability may result in changes in the level of debt protection measurements and may require relatively high financial leverage. Adequate alternate liquidity is maintained.

Issuers rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

WR – Withdrawn

S&P:

A–1 – An obligor rated “A–1” has STRONG capacity to meet its financial commitments. It is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poor’s. Within this category, certain obligors are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments is EXTREMELY STRONG.

 

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A–2 – An obligor rated “A–2” has SATISFACTORY capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in the highest rating category.

A–3 – An obligor rated “A–3” has ADEQUATE capacity to meet its financial obligations. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.

B – An obligor rated “B” is regarded as VULNERABLE and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.

C – An obligor rated “C” is CURRENTLY VULNERABLE to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for it to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.

D – An obligor rated “D” is in payment default. The “D” rating is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The “D” rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

N.R. – An issuer designated N.R. is not rated.

Fitch Investors Service, Inc.:

Short Term Credit Ratings

F1 – Highest credit quality. Indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.

F2 – Good credit quality. A satisfactory capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, but the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings.

F3 – Fair credit quality. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate; however, near–term adverse changes could result in a reduction to non–investment grade.

B – Speculative. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near–term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

C – High default risk. Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.

D – Default. Denotes actual or imminent payment default.

Notes to Short–Term Ratings:

“+” or “–” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffices are not added to Shot–term ratings other than “F–1.”

Long Term Credit Ratings

Investment Grade

AAA

Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.

 

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AA

Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.

A

High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.

BBB

Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that there is currently expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse changes in circumstances and economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment grade category.

Speculative Grade

BB

Speculative. ‘BB’ ratings indicate that there is a possibility of credit risk developing, particularly as the result of adverse economic change over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met. Securities rated in this category are not investment grade.

B

Highly speculative. For issuers and performing obligations, ‘B’ ratings indicate that significant credit risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is contingent upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for extremely high recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R1’ (outstanding).

CCC

For issuers and performing obligations, default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic conditions. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for average to superior levels of recovery. Differences in credit quality may be denoted by plus/minus distinctions. Such obligations typically would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R2’ (superior), or ‘R3’ (good) or ‘R4’ (average).

CC

For issuers and performing obligations, default of some kind appears probable. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with a Recovery Rating of ‘R4’ (average) or ‘R5’ (below average).

C

For issuers and performing obligations, default is imminent. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for below-average to poor recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of ‘R6’ (poor).

RD

Indicates an entity that has failed to make due payments (within the applicable grace period) on some but not all material financial obligations, but continues to honor other classes of obligations.

D

Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations. Default generally is defined as one of the following:

- failure of an obligor to make timely payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of any financial obligation;—the bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of business of an obligor; or—the distressed or other coercive exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation.

Default ratings are not assigned prospectively; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period.

 

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Issuers will be rated ‘D’ upon a default. Defaulted and distressed obligations typically are rated along the continuum of ‘C’ to ‘B’ ratings categories, depending upon their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. Additionally, in structured finance transactions, where analysis indicates that an instrument is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to meet pay interest and/or principal in full in accordance with the terms of the obligation’s documentation during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default in accordance with the terms of the documentation is imminent, the obligation may be rated in the ‘B’ or ‘CCC-C’ categories.

Default is determined by reference to the terms of the obligations’ documentation. Fitch will assign default ratings where it has reasonably determined that payment has not been made on a material obligation in accordance with the requirements of the obligation’s documentation, or where it believes that default ratings consistent with Fitch’s published definition of default are the most appropriate ratings to assign.

Notes to Long-Term ratings:

The modifiers “+” or “-” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ Long-term rating category, to categories below ‘CCC’. (The +/- modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.)

 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The 2007 annual financial statements of the Funds, including notes to the financial statements and financial highlights, and the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, are included in RIF’s Annual Reports to Shareholders. Copies of these Annual Reports accompany this Statement of Additional Information and are incorporated herein by reference.

 

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