10.

Restructuring

During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, we recognized $7 million of pre-tax restructuring charges, of which $3 million was related to employee severance and benefit costs, including costs associated with our acquisition of Deffenbaugh. The remaining charges were primarily related to operating lease obligations for property that will no longer be utilized.

In August 2014, we announced a consolidation and realignment of several Corporate functions to better support achievement of the Company’s strategic goals, including cost reduction. Voluntary separation arrangements were offered to all salaried employees within these organizations. Approximately 650 employees separated from our Corporate and recycling organizations in connection with this restructuring.

During the third quarter of 2014, we recognized pre-tax charges of $67 million primarily associated with this restructuring, of which $61 million related to employee severance and benefit costs.

We have recognized total charges of $73 million associated with our 2014 and 2015 restructurings related to employee severance and benefits, and we have paid approximately $65 million of these costs. At September 30, 2015, we had approximately $5 million of accrued employee severance related to our restructuring efforts, which will be substantially paid by the end of 2015.