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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income $ 377,856 $ 411,744 $ 203,247
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization 365,761 347,594 298,135
Allowance for doubtful accounts 5,956 7,783 8,018
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount 5,309 6,301 4,245
Accretion of environmental liabilities 13,667 12,943 11,745
Changes in environmental liability estimates 4,828 8,272 2,979
Deferred income taxes 12,685 17,549 1,482
Other (income) expense, net (2,315) (2,472) 515
Stock-based compensation 20,703 26,844 18,839
Loss on early extinguishment of debt 2,880 422 0
Gain on sale of business 0 (8,864) 0
Environmental expenditures (28,960) (13,946) (15,506)
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:      
Accounts receivable and unbilled accounts receivable 2,453 (201,087) (96,551)
Inventories and supplies (4,312) (74,547) (31,689)
Other current and non-current assets (22,645) (17,303) 9,268
Accounts payable (27,425) 74,460 108,398
Other current and long-term liabilities 8,111 30,521 22,872
Net cash from operating activities 734,552 626,214 545,997
Cash flows used in investing activities:      
Additions to property, plant and equipment (422,300) (345,056) (241,856)
Proceeds from sale and disposal of fixed assets 9,650 8,779 22,156
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (119,596) (86,278) (1,253,232)
Proceeds from sale of business, net of transaction costs 750 16,811 0
Additions to intangible assets including costs to obtain or renew permits (2,649) (1,966) (3,848)
Purchases of available-for-sale securities (158,264) (49,845) (129,234)
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities 117,359 68,611 98,412
Net cash used in investing activities (575,050) (388,944) (1,507,602)
Cash flows (used in) from financing activities:      
Change in uncashed checks 2,759 552 (1,806)
Tax payments related to withholdings on vested restricted stock (13,838) (8,801) (10,805)
Repurchases of common stock (51,164) (50,183) (54,410)
Deferred financing costs paid (6,736) (410) (13,737)
Payments on finance leases (15,937) (12,821) (8,458)
Principal payments on debt (623,975) (115,652) (7,535)
Proceeds from issuance of debt, net of discount 500,000 0 995,000
Borrowing from revolving credit facility 114,000 0 0
Payment on revolving credit facility (114,000) 0 0
Net cash (used in) from financing activities (208,891) (187,315) 898,249
Effect of exchange rate change on cash 1,484 (9,927) (3,170)
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents (47,905) 40,028 (66,526)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 492,603 452,575 519,101
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year 444,698 492,603 452,575
Cash payments for interest and income taxes:      
Interest paid 114,560 105,643 73,440
Income taxes paid, net of refunds 132,314 78,526 65,192
Non-cash investing activities:      
Property, plant and equipment accrued 52,376 30,950 19,264
Remedial liability assumed in acquisition of property, plant and equipment $ 0 $ 8,092 $ 0