REMEDIAL LIABILITIES

The changes to remedial liabilities from January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2018 were as follows (in thousands):



	Remedial Liabilities for Landfill Sites			Remedial Liabilities for Inactive Sites			Remedial Liabilities (Including Superfund) for Non-Landfill Operations			Total
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	1,777		$	64,151		$	62,079		$	128,007
Measurement period adjustments from prior period acquisitions	—			—			504			504
Accretion	86			2,648			1,978			4,712
Changes in estimates recorded to statement of operations	(21		)	(289		)	355			45
Expenditures	(42		)	(3,906		)	(5,792		)	(9,740		)
Currency translation and other	—			2,738			(1,798		)	940
Balance at December 31, 2017	1,800			65,342			57,326			124,468
Accretion	86			2,745			1,871			4,702
Changes in estimates recorded to statement of operations	(1		)	130			558			687
Expenditures	(47		)	(3,759		)	(4,028		)	(7,834		)
Currency translation and other	—			857			(1,863		)	(1,006		)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,838		$	65,315		$	53,864		$	121,017

(11) REMEDIAL LIABILITIES (Continued)

There were no significant (benefits) charges in 2018 and 2017 resulting from changes in estimates for remedial liabilities. Anticipated payments at December 31, 2018 (based on current estimated costs and anticipated timing of necessary regulatory approvals to commence work on remedial activities) for each of the next five years and thereafter were as follows (in thousands):



Year ending December 31,
2019	$	13,975
2020	15,467
2021	14,593
2022	9,560
2023	8,688
Thereafter	81,453
Undiscounted remedial liabilities	143,736
Less: Discount	(22,719		)
Total remedial liabilities	$	121,017

Based on currently available facts and legal interpretations, existing technology, and presently enacted laws and regulations, the Company estimates that its aggregate liabilities as of December 31, 2018 for future remediation relating to all of its owned or leased facilities and the Superfund sites for which the Company has current or potential future liability is approximately $121.0 million. The Company also estimates that it is reasonably possible that the amount of such total liabilities could be as much as $22.8 million more. Future changes in either available technology or applicable laws or regulations could affect such estimates of remedial liabilities. Since the Company's satisfaction of the liabilities will occur over many years, the Company cannot now reasonably predict the nature or extent of future changes in either available technology or applicable laws or regulations and the impact that those changes, if any, might have on the current estimates of remedial liabilities.

The following tables show, respectively, (i) the amounts of such estimated liabilities associated with the types of facilities and sites involved and (ii) the amounts of such estimated liabilities associated with each facility or site which represents at least 5% of the total and with all other facilities and sites as a group and as of December 31, 2018.

Estimates Based on Type of Facility or Site (in thousands):



Type of Facility or Site	Remedial Liability		% of Total		Reasonably Possible Additional Liabilities(1)
Facilities now used in active conduct of the Company's business (41 facilities)	$	48,506	40.1	%	$	11,171
Inactive facilities not now used in active conduct of the Company's business but most of which were acquired because the assumption of remedial liabilities for such facilities was part of the purchase price for the CSD assets (35 facilities)	64,344		53.2		10,782
Superfund sites owned by third parties (17 sites)	8,167		6.7		817
Total	$	121,017	100.0	%	$	22,770

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(1)	Amounts represent the high end of the range of management's best estimate of the reasonably possible additional liabilities.

(11) REMEDIAL LIABILITIES (Continued)

Estimates Based on Amount of Potential Liability (in thousands):



Location	Type of Facility or Site	Remedial Liability		% of Total		Reasonably Possible Additional Liabilities(1)
Baton Rouge, LA(2)	Closed incinerator and landfill	$	23,314	19.3	%	$	3,963
Bridgeport, NJ	Closed incinerator	18,616		15.4		2,577
Mercier, Quebec(2)	Idled incinerator and legal proceedings	9,809		8.1		1,037
Linden, NJ	Operating solvent recycling center	7,487		6.2		790
Various(2)	All other incinerators, landfills, wastewater treatment facilities and service centers (72 facilities)	53,624		44.3		13,586
Various(2)	Superfund sites (each representing less than 5% of total liabilities) owned by third parties (17 sites)	8,167		6.7		817
Total		$	121,017	100.0	%	$	22,770

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(1)	Amounts represent the high end of the range of management's best estimate of the reasonably possible additional liabilities.


(2)	$17.9 million of the $121.0 million remedial liabilities and $1.8 million of the $22.8 million reasonably possible additional liabilities include estimates of remediation liabilities related to the legal and administrative proceedings discussed in Note 18, "Commitments and Contingencies," as well as other such estimated remedial liabilities.

Revisions to remediation reserve requirements may result in upward or downward adjustments to income from operations in any given period. The Company believes that its extensive experience in the environmental services business, as well as its involvement with a large number of sites, provides a reasonable basis for estimating its aggregate liability. It is possible, however, that technological, regulatory or enforcement developments, the results of environmental studies, or other factors could necessitate the recording of additional liabilities or the revision of currently recorded liabilities that could be material. The impact of such future events cannot be estimated at the current time.