REMEDIAL LIABILITIES

The changes to remedial liabilities from January 1, 2015 through December 31, 2016 were as follows (in thousands):



	Remedial Liabilities for Landfill Sites			Remedial Liabilities for Inactive Sites			Remedial Liabilities (Including Superfund) for Non-Landfill Operations			Total
Balance at January 1, 2015	$	5,420		$	68,528		$	81,173		$	155,121
Accretion	218			2,924			2,622			5,764
Changes in estimates recorded to statement of operations	(2,841		)	(2,927		)	(5,620		)	(11,388		)
Expenditures	(137		)	(4,779		)	(9,091		)	(14,007		)
Currency translation and other	(333		)	(133		)	(3,032		)	(3,498		)
Balance at December 31, 2015	2,327			63,613			66,052			131,992
Liabilities assumed in acquisitions	—			—			2,041			2,041
Accretion	110			2,737			2,227			5,074
Changes in estimates recorded to statement of operations	(538		)	1,520			(2,617		)	(1,635		)
Expenditures	(122		)	(3,893		)	(5,907		)	(9,922		)
Currency translation and other	—			174			283			457
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	1,777		$	64,151		$	62,079		$	128,007

There were no significant charges (benefits) in 2016 resulting from changes in estimates for remedial liabilities.

In 2015, the net reduction in the Company's remedial liabilities from changes in estimates recorded to the statement of operations was $11.4 million and primarily related to reductions in the estimates for remedial activities at four locations. Events which occurred during 2015 and resulted in the changes in estimates were attributable to favorable outcomes from negotiations among potentially responsible parties in which the Company participates of $3.8 million, work performed by external third-party consultants which were engaged to aid the Company in estimating future remedial activity costs at certain sites of $4.7 million, and receiving Provincial approval for a planned expansion of one of the Company's landfills in Canada which as a result will remediate the Company's previously recognized obligations of $2.5 million.

(10) REMEDIAL LIABILITIES (Continued)

Anticipated payments at December 31, 2016 (based on current estimated costs and anticipated timing of necessary regulatory approvals to commence work on remedial activities) for each of the next five years and thereafter were as follows (in thousands):



Year ending December 31,
2017	$	14,084
2018	17,667
2019	13,638
2020	10,599
2021	8,990
Thereafter	86,787
Undiscounted remedial liabilities	151,765
Less: Discount	(23,758		)
Total remedial liabilities	$	128,007

Based on currently available facts and legal interpretations, existing technology, and presently enacted laws and regulations, the Company estimates that its aggregate liabilities as of December 31, 2016 for future remediation relating to all of its owned or leased facilities and the Superfund sites for which the Company has current or potential future liability is approximately $128.0 million. The Company also estimates that it is reasonably possible that the amount of such total liabilities could be as much as $23.4 million more. Future changes in either available technology or applicable laws or regulations could affect such estimates of remedial liabilities. Since the Company's satisfaction of the liabilities will occur over many years, the Company cannot now reasonably predict the nature or extent of future changes in either available technology or applicable laws or regulations and the impact that those changes, if any, might have on the current estimates of remedial liabilities.

The following tables show, respectively, (i) the amounts of such estimated liabilities associated with the types of facilities and sites involved and (ii) the amounts of such estimated liabilities associated with each facility or site which represents at least 5% of the total and with all other facilities and sites as a group and as of December 31, 2016.

Estimates Based on Type of Facility or Site (in thousands):



Type of Facility or Site	Remedial Liability		% of Total		Reasonably Possible Additional Liabilities(1)
Facilities now used in active conduct of the Company's business (48 facilities)	$	55,467	43.3	%	$	11,862
Inactive facilities not now used in active conduct of the Company's business but most of which were acquired because the assumption of remedial liabilities for such facilities was part of the purchase price for the CSD assets (35 facilities)	64,151		50.1		10,679
Superfund sites owned by third parties (17 sites)	8,389		6.6		839
Total	$	128,007	100.0	%	$	23,380

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(1)	Amounts represent the high end of the range of management's best estimate of the reasonably possible additional liabilities.

(10) REMEDIAL LIABILITIES (Continued)

Estimates Based on Amount of Potential Liability (in thousands):



Location	Type of Facility or Site	Remedial Liability		% of Total		Reasonably Possible Additional Liabilities(1)
Baton Rouge, LA(2)	Closed incinerator and landfill	$	23,256	18.2	%	$	3,940
Bridgeport, NJ	Closed incinerator	19,059		14.9		2,590
Mercier, Quebec(2)	Idled incinerator and legal proceedings	9,510		7.4		1,008
Linden, NJ	Operating solvent recycling center	7,781		6.1		842
Various(2)	All other incinerators, landfills, wastewater treatment facilities and service centers (79 facilities)	60,012		46.8		14,161
Various(2)	Superfund sites (each representing less than 5% of total liabilities) owned by third parties (17 sites)	8,389		6.6		839
Total		$	128,007	100.0	%	$	23,380

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(1)	Amounts represent the high end of the range of management's best estimate of the reasonably possible additional liabilities.


(2)	$18.2 million of the $128.0 million remedial liabilities and $1.9 million of the $23.4 million reasonably possible additional liabilities include estimates of remediation liabilities related to the legal and administrative proceedings discussed in Note 17, "Commitments and Contingencies," as well as other such estimated remedial liabilities.

Revisions to remediation reserve requirements may result in upward or downward adjustments to income from operations in any given period. The Company believes that its extensive experience in the environmental services business, as well as its involvement with a large number of sites, provides a reasonable basis for estimating its aggregate liability. It is possible, however, that technological, regulatory or enforcement developments, the results of environmental studies, or other factors could necessitate the recording of additional liabilities or the revision of currently recorded liabilities that could be material. The impact of such future events cannot be estimated at the current time.