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ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS OPERATIONS - Note 1
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2012
Notes to Financial Statements  
ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS OPERATIONS - Note 1

NOTE 1 — ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF BUSINESS OPERATIONS

The Acquisition

On September 22, 2009, Zoom Technologies, Inc. ("Zoom", "us", "we", or the "Company"), pursuant to the share exchange agreement ("SEA") dated January 28, 2009, (amended May 12, 2009) acquired all the outstanding shares of Gold Lion Holding Limited ("Gold Lion"), a company organized and existing under the laws of the British Virgin Islands ("BVI") (the "Merger"). In connection with the SEA, the Company spun off its then-existing business to its stockholders, by distributing all assets and liabilities of the subsidiary and issuing shares of its then operating subsidiary as a dividend to its stockholders.

 

The parties to the SEA were: (1) Zoom Technologies, Inc., (2) Tianjin Tong Guang Group Digital Communication Co., Ltd., ("TCB Digital") a company organized under the laws of the People's Republic of China, ("PRC"); (3) Zoom Telephonics, Inc., or Zoom Telephonics, a wholly owned subsidiary of Zoom; (4) Gold Lion, (5) Lei (Leo) Gu, a citizen of the PRC; and (6) Songtao Du, a citizen of the PRC.

 

Gold Lion owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Jiangsu Leimone Electronics Co., Ltd., ("Jiangsu Leimone"), a foreign investment enterprise organized under the laws of the PRC that engages in the manufacturing, R&D, and sales of electronic components for 3rd generation mobile phones, wireless communication circuitry, GPS equipment, and related software products. Jiangsu Leimone owned 51.03% of the outstanding stock of TCB Digital. Gold Lion also owns 100% of Profit Harvest Corporation Ltd, ("Profit Harvest"), a marketing and sales company organized and existing under the laws of Hong Kong.

 

As of the date of the Merger, Mr. Gu owned 70.6% of the outstanding capital stock of Gold Lion. Mr. Du owned 29.4% of the outstanding capital stock of Gold Lion, which was pledged to Mr. Wei Cao.

 

On September 22, 2009, pursuant to the SEA and approval of the majority of the stockholders of the Company, the Company acquired from the Gold Lion shareholders 100% of Gold Lion's outstanding equity for 4,225,219 shares of the Company's common stock. As a result of this issuance, the former Gold Lion shareholders owned 69.3% of the outstanding stock of the Company and the transaction was recorded as a reverse acquisition. Prior to the Merger, the Company had 1,980,978 shares outstanding which were recapitalized as part of the Merger. The Company, which had an option to acquire an additional 29.0% of the outstanding capital stock of TCB Digital, pursuant to the SEA and the approval of the majority of the stockholders of the Company, agreed to provide the Company the option in exchange for the 2,402,576 shares of the Company's common stock. As of March 31, 2010, Mr. Gu exercised this option (See details in Section entitled "The Subsidiaries" below).

 

Simultaneous with the closing of the Merger, the Company issued a dividend of 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of Zoom Telephonics to the Company's stockholders of record immediately prior to the closing which is referred to herein as the "spin-off"). In connection with the spin-off, the Company distributed all assets and liabilities related to the Company to Zoom Telephonics, subject to certain licensing rights discussed below. Zoom's stockholders immediately prior to the closing of the Merger retained their existing shares in Zoom and also received an equal number of new shares in Zoom Telephonics. After the Merger and the spin-off, the Company and Zoom Telephonics became independent companies.

 

TCB Digital and Zoom Telephonics entered into a license agreement which granted TCB Digital rights to the "Zoom" and "Hayes" trademarks for certain products and geographic regions. Zoom and Zoom Telephonics also entered into a separation and distribution agreement that allocates responsibility for obligations arising before and after the spin-off, including, among others, obligations relating to taxes.

 

Our former directors, entered into founder lock-up agreements pursuant to which they agreed that during the one-year period commencing on the date of closing of the Merger each will not sell, transfer, assign, pledge or hypothecate, in any calendar month, greater than 3% of the aggregate amount of shares of the Company's common stock sold in the previous four calendar weeks.

 

On June 1, 2010, Zoom pursuant to a share exchange agreement (the "Agreement") dated April 29, 2010, acquired 100% of the shares of Nollec Wireless Company Ltd., ("Nollec Wireless") a mobile phone and wireless communication design company in Beijing, China (the "Acquisition").

 

The parties to the Agreement include: (1) Zoom Technologies, Inc.; (2) Silver Tech Enterprises, Ltd. ("Silver Tech"), a holding company founded in July 2005, organized and existing under the laws of the BVI, which owned 100% of Ever Elite Corporation, Ltd. ("Ever Elite"); (3) Ever Elite, a holding company founded in June 2007, organized under the laws of Hong Kong, or HK, which owned 100% of Nollec Wireless; (4) Nollec Wireless, the operating company founded in June 2007, organized under the laws of the PRC; (5) Key Network Holdings, Ltd. ("KNH"), a BVI company, then owner of 76.8% of the outstanding stock of Silver Tech; and (6) Better Day Finance, Ltd. ("BDF"), a BVI company, then owner of 23.2% of the outstanding stock of Silver Tech.

 

Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the Company purchased 100% of the outstanding stock of Silver Tech from KNH and BDF, the existing shareholders of Silver Tech, for $10.96 million, comprised of $1.37 million in cash and 1,342,599 newly issued unregistered shares of common stock of Zoom valued at $9.59 million at the weighted average closing price of shares for 10 days prior and leading up to the Agreement date. At the closing of the Acquisition on May 31, 2010, the Company issued 1,342,599 shares of its common stock and paid $500,000; the balance of $870,000 in cash will be paid in six equal installments over a period of three years. As of September 30, 2011, the Company owed three remaining payments of $145,000 each. The Company paid $275,000 in year 2011 and $137,500 in 2010 and as of September 30, 2012, $435,000 was included in other payables. After the closing of the Acquisition on June 1, 2010, Silver Tech, Ever Elite and Nollec Wireless became wholly owned subsidiaries of Zoom. The Company determined the Acquisition did not require the preparation and filing of audited financial statements of Silver Tech under Rule 3-05(b)(2)(i) of Regulation S-X.

 

On January 4, 2011, pursuant to a share exchange agreement (the `Share Exchange Agreement") the Company acquired 100% ownership of Celestial Digital Entertainment, Ltd., ("CDE") a mobile platform video game development company based in HK. The consideration was $1,818,000 in shares of common stock of the Company; the number of shares was calculated by dividing $1,818,000 by the higher of i) $3.75 per share or ii) the Volume Weighted Average Closing Price of the Company's shares for the 10 consecutive trading days leading up to the day before the date of the Share Exchange Agreement which was December 20, 2010. This resulted in the issuance of 484,800 shares of the Company's common stock to acquire CDE. CDE primarily focuses on development of video games and applications for mobile phones and mobile platforms. CDE has developed over 40 titles for the Apple iPhone and is one of the largest developers of iPhone applications in Asia. The Company acquired CDE through its wholly owned HK subsidiary, Profit Harvest.

 

On October 11, 2011, the Company and Zoom USA Holdings, Inc., a newly formed wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("Zoom Sub") entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement ("Securities Purchase Agreement") to purchase from The Cellular Network Communications Group, Inc. ("CNCG") a 50% interest in Portables Unlimited LLC ("Portables"), an exclusive wholesale distributor of T-Mobile products in the United States. As consideration of the 50% interest in Portables, the Company (i) issued 1,494,688 shares of Zoom common stock (the "Equity Consideration") to the principals of CNCG and (ii) through Zoom Sub, issued a promissory note of $500,000 payable to CNCG. The promissory note accrues interest at 2% and matures three years from the date of issuance. The Equity Consideration was to be held in escrow until the date that Portables provided to the Company financial statements for Portables' third quarter ended September 30, 2011. The financial statements were provided in January 2012 and the stock certificates were released from escrow. In addition, Zoom Sub purchased an additional 5% interest in Portables for $750,000, to be paid within 30 days of the closing date, which is currently outstanding. Further, in connection with the transaction, the Company assumed the responsibility for repaying certain indebtedness owed by Portables to T-Mobile USA, Inc. in the amount of $4,757,187 (the "T-Mobile Indebtedness"), and agreed to arrange for a $500,000 letter of credit in the name of Portables to secure obligations of Portables to T-Mobile. The T-Mobile Indebtedness was payable under the following schedule: $2,500,000 was due on November 10, 2011 (the "Initial Payment"), $1,400,000 was due on December 10, 2011 (the "Second Payment"), and the remaining $853,788 was due on December 20, 2011 (the "Final Payment"). The Initial Payment and Second Payment were made in a timely manner, and pursuant to an agreement with T-Mobile the Final Payment was waived. The waiver of the final payment was recognized as other income in 2011 because this settlement was not a required condition in the Company's acquisition of Portables. Additionally, the Company agreed to pay other outstanding indebtedness of Portables in the amount of $4,500,000, less the amount of T-Mobile Indebtedness paid off.

 

The Company had previously recognized acquisition payables to Portables in the amount of $1,350,000 and the need to arrange a $500,000 Letter of Credit in Portables' name to secure obligations to T-Mobile. On April 13, 2012, the Company received notice that it was in default on the Securities Purchase Agreement. The Securities Purchase Agreement provides that if the Company was in default, the Company's ownership of Portables will be reduced and CNCG will be entitled to enforce certain rescission rights against the Company, as more fully described in the Securities Purchase Agreement. Also, in case of a default, Portables, CNCG and the other member of Portables may bring claims for indemnification against the Company for a breach under the Securities Purchase Agreement, as more fully described in the Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company's non-payment to Portables has reduced its percentage of ownership from 55.0% to 50.5%. Portables Unlimited Inc. owns 49.5% of Portables. As of June 30, 2012, the Company is in dispute with Portables Unlimited Inc. over the Company's percentage of ownership of Portables. The Company derecognized the $1,350,000 acquisition payable and does not expect to make payment for that liability. In the event that the Company is not able to maintain its majority ownership of Portables, the Company would account for its investment in Portables using the equity method of accounting. The Company was advised that on or about August 14, Portables Unlimited Inc., both individually and derivatively, filed an action in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of Nassau against the Company, its US subsidiary, and two officers of the Company. The Complaint seeks damages up to an aggregate amount of $5 million for breach of contract, and a declaration as to the percentage interest the Company retains in Portables Unlimited, Inc. equal to 46%. On and around October 4, 2012, the Company has settled the dispute with Portables Unlimited Inc. and all the parties to the dispute agreed that the Company's and Portables Unlimited, Inc.'s ownership interests in Portables will be 50.1% and 49.9%, respectively.

 

On October 26, 2011, the Company closed the sale of 1,676,300 shares of common stock to Spreadtrum Communications, Inc., ("Spreadtrum") pursuant to the Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") entered into by and among the Company, Spreadtrum and Leo (Lei) Gu (the "Key Stockholder"). In consideration, Spreadtrum paid $2,900,000. The Company, Key Stockholder and Spreadtrum executed the Purchase Agreement in reliance upon the exemption from securities registration afforded by the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Spreadtrum did not receive any registration rights and no warrants were issued pursuant to the Agreement. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company also agreed to design and develop all applicable Company products to integrate and operate solely with Spreadtrum's products, and to not design and develop any Company products to integrate or operate with any Spreadtrum's competitive products for a term of three years from the Purchase Agreement. Also pursuant to the Agreement, Spreadtrum shall have the right to nominate one nominee to the board of directors of the Company (the "Nomination Right"), subject to approval of the Company's independent directors, as required under Nasdaq Rule 5605(e)-Independent Director Oversight of Director Nominations. Spreadtrum's Nomination Right shall continue until such time that Spreadtrum owns not less than 838,150 shares of the Company's outstanding common stock. In accordance to the Purchase Agreement, Dr. Leo Li, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Spreadtrum Communications Inc., was added to our Board of Directors.

 

The Subsidiaries

 

Gold Lion was founded by Mr. Lei Gu ("Gu") in September 2002 in the BVI. Pursuant to an agreement dated June 30, 2007, Mr. Wei Cao ("Cao"), purchased from Gu 29.4% of then outstanding shares of the Company. Through a resolution of the Company on November 26, 2008, the Company's issued 705 shares to Gu and 294 shares to Mr. Songtao Du ("Du"), resulting in 1,000 issued and outstanding shares of common stock. Pursuant to a pledge agreement dated November 26, 2008, Du pledged his 294 shares to Cao, including all rights to such shares. As such, Gu and Cao jointly controlled 100% of Gold Lion.

 

On August 2, 2007, Gu founded Profit Harvest in Hong Kong, and in December 2008, 100% ownership of Profit Harvest was transferred to Gold Lion. Profit Harvest serves two purposes: i) to facilitate the export of the Company's finished goods to international markets, and ii) trading of components and chipsets for a profit.

 

Pursuant to the capital injection agreement ("the CIA") by and among Tianjin Communication and Broadcasting Group Co., Ltd. ("TCBGCL"), TCBGCL Labor Union, Hebei Leimone Science and Technology Co., Ltd. ("Hebei Leimone"), Tianjin 712 Communication and Broadcasting Co., Ltd. ("712"), Beijing Depu Investment Co., Ltd. ("Beijing Depu") and other natural person shareholders on May 8, 2007 and a resolution of the shareholder's meeting on June 30, 2007, Hebei Leimone, a company controlled by Gu, acquired 25.1% of TCB Digital from TCBGCL Labour Union and various natural person shareholders for RMB9,000,000, equivalent to USD $1,286,000. Pursuant to this CIA, Hebei Leimone and Beijing Depu, the companies controlled by Gu and Cao, were to invest RMB15,928,700 and RMB10,377,600 respectively in TCB Digital, bringing the total investment from Hebei Leimone and Beijing Depu to USD $4,679,111 (RMB35,306,300). After this investment was made as of June 30, 2007, Hebei Leimone and Beijing Depu held 36.0% and 15.0% respectively of TCB Digital, or 51.0% aggregate ownership in TCB Digital. Pursuant to an agreement dated June 30, 2007, Cao irrevocably pledged his 15.0% interest in TCB Digital through his ownership in Beijing Depu to Gu for a 29.4% stake in Gold Lion. As of March 31, 2010, Gu exercised his option to transfer an additional 29.0% of TCB Digital to the Company. The Company issued 2,402,576 common shares to Mr. Gu and his assignees as purchase consideration and 60,000 common shares to an investment banker as compensation for this transaction. The Company's ownership interest in TCB Digital was increased to 80% as of March 31, 2010. This transaction was recorded under SFAS No. 160 (Included in ASC 810 "Consolidation") "Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements", an amendment of ARB No. 51, with the excess of fair value of shares over the carrying value of minority interests charged to additional paid in capital. During the three months ended June 30, 2010, the Company issued 2,462,576 shares.

 

On November 30, 2007, Gold Lion and GD Industrial Company signed a share transfer agreement, pursuant to which, GD Industrial Company transferred to the Company 60% interest of Nantong Zong Yi Kechuang Digital Camera Technology Co., Ltd. ("Nantong Zong Yi") for $10,273. In July 2008, Nantong Zong Yi changed its name to Jiangsu Leimone Electronic Co., Ltd. ("Jiangsu Leimone"). Before the acquisition, Jiangsu Leimone had no operating activities. In January 2008, the Company invested $5,074,226 (HK$38,800,000) in Jiangsu Leimone to increase the Company's ownership in Jiangsu Leimone to 80%.

Pursuant to the share transfer agreement by and between Gold Lion and Nantong Zong Yi Investment Co., Ltd. dated November 26, 2008, the Company acquired the remaining 20% of Jiangsu Leimone from Nantong Zong Yi Investment Co., Ltd. for $103,214 (HK$800,000). After this transaction, the Company owned 100% of Jiangsu Leimone.

 

Pursuant to the share transfer agreement by and among Hebei Leimone, Beijing Depu Investment Co., Ltd and Jiangsu Leimone, dated December 15, 2008, Hebei Leimone and Beijing Depu Investment Co., Ltd. transferred their 51.03% ownership of TCB Digital to Jiangsu Leimone on December 30, 2008.

 

Because TCB Digital and Profit Harvest were under common control with the Company since July 2007 and August 2007, respectively, the Company consolidated their financials at historical cost with the Company from the dates the Company acquired control.

 

TCB Digital is a high technology company engaged in electronic and telecommunication product design, development, and manufacturing for OEM customers and for our own products under the brand name of "Leimone". TCB Digital started its business in 1999 and was originally established as an Electronic Manufacturing Service ("EMS") factory for mobile phone vendors. TCB Digital was Motorola's first independent outsource manufacturing vendor responsible for producing Motorola mobile phones in China. Moreover, TCB Digital was the first EMS factory in China to receive Motorola's International Quality Product and Qualification certificate. Since 2004, TCB Digital developed and produced GSM and CDMA mobile phones, wireless data modules and GPS equipment. Beginning in 2009, TCB Digital started to manufacture and market mobile phones under its own brand name of "Leimone"; and in 2010, its product line also included 3G mobile handsets. TCB Digital is headquartered in Tianjin, China. TCB Digital's two main business operations are EMS for Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) customers and the design, production and sale of its own brand mobile phone products.

 

TCB Digital offers high quality and comprehensive EMS to both domestic and global customers, including, Samsung, Tianyu, CECT, Danahar and Spreadtrum. TCB Digital's primary products include mobile phones, wireless telecommunication modules, digital cameras, cable TV set-top boxes and GPS equipment. In addition, TCB Digital has developed various state-of-the-art mobile phones and Smartphones based on both of the main network technologies: Global System for Mobile Communications, or GSM, and Code Division Multiple Access, or CDMA, and beginning in 2010 also 3G capable products. Presently, TCB Digital markets its mobile phone products through distributors in China and also supplies GSM, CDMA and 3G mobile phones to major customers, including China Mobile Communications Corporation, or CMCC, China UNICOM and China Telecom.

 

Nollec Wireless primarily focuses on R&D of mobile phones, and hardware and software solutions for domestic Chinese and overseas customers. Its design team includes experienced engineers in the core technologies of wireless communication and mobile phone development. Nollec provides state of the art industrial, user inter-phase, mechanical and engineering designs and software and hardware integration. Its clients include certain domestic and international mobile phone manufacturers including Philips, Lenovo, Sonim, Gionee and Borqs.

 

CDE primarily focuses on development of video games and applications for mobile phones and mobile platforms. CDE has developed over 40 titles for the Apple iPhone and is one of the largest developers of iPhone applications in Asia.

 

On September 19, 2011, the Company incorporated Zoom USA Holdings, Inc. ("Zoom Sub"), to acquire Portables Unlimited.

 

On October 12, 2011, the Company acquired 55% of Portables Unlimited LLC ("Portables"), one of the largest exclusive wholesale distributors of T-Mobile products in the United States. Portables has direct access to more than 1,000 retail locations across twenty U.S. States selling T-Mobile products, including approximately 100 exclusive T-Mobile carrier locations. The Company's percentage of ownership has been subsequently adjusted down to 50.1%. Please see above paragraph regarding the acquisition of Portables.