10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
	OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

or

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
	OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 1-9804

PULTEGROUP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Michigan	38-2766606
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3350 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 1500
Atlanta,	Georgia	30326
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 404 978-6400

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, par value $0.01	PHM	New York Stock Exchange
Series A Junior Participating Preferred Share Purchase Rights		New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  [X]   No  [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  [X]   No  [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer	Accelerated filer	Non-accelerated filer	Smaller reporting company	Emerging growth company
☒	☐	☐	☐	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  

Yes ☐ No ☒

Number of common shares outstanding as of April 18, 2023: 223,224,233

1

PULTEGROUP, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page No.
PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1	Financial Statements
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022	3
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	4
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	5
	Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	6
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	7
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	22
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	37
Item 4	Controls and Procedures	38
PART II	OTHER INFORMATION	39
Item 1	Legal Proceedings	39
Item 1A	Risk Factors	39
Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	39
Item 6	Exhibits	40
	Signatures	42

 

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.      Financial Statements

PULTEGROUP, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

($000’s omitted)

 

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and equivalents	$	1,278,025	$	1,053,104
Restricted cash	48,829		41,449
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	1,326,854		1,094,553
House and land inventory	11,431,877		11,326,017
Land held for sale	48,036		42,254
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale	420,638		677,207
Investments in unconsolidated entities	144,664		146,759
Other assets	1,246,492		1,291,572
Goodwill	68,930		68,930
Other intangible assets	64,205		66,875
Deferred tax assets	79,346		82,348
	$	14,831,042	$	14,796,515
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	488,757	$	565,975
Customer deposits	796,384		783,556
Deferred tax liabilities	240,604		215,446
Accrued and other liabilities	1,675,404		1,685,202
Financial Services debt	324,447		586,711
Notes payable	2,041,637		2,045,527
	5,567,233		5,882,417
Shareholders' equity	9,263,809		8,914,098
	$	14,831,042	$	14,796,515

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

3

PULTEGROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(000’s omitted, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Revenues:
Homebuilding
Home sale revenues	$	3,487,637	$	3,032,217
Land sale and other revenues	30,066		33,159
	3,517,703		3,065,376
Financial Services	57,938		84,143
Total revenues	3,575,641		3,149,519
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues:
Home sale cost of revenues	(2,472,329)		(2,142,978)
Land sale and other cost of revenues	(24,967)		(32,002)
	(2,497,296)		(2,174,980)
Financial Services expenses	(44,036)		(43,486)
Selling, general, and administrative expenses	(336,518)		(329,022)
Equity income from unconsolidated entities	2,513		1,221
Other income (expense), net	1,818		(3,359)
Income before income taxes	702,122		599,893
Income tax expense	(169,863)		(145,170)
Net income	$	532,259	$	454,723
Per share:
Basic earnings	$	2.35	$	1.84
Diluted earnings	$	2.35	$	1.83
Cash dividends declared	$	0.16	$	0.15
Number of shares used in calculation:
Basic	225,127		245,796
Effect of dilutive securities	830		1,069
Diluted	225,957		246,865

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

PULTEGROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

($000’s omitted)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Net income	$	532,259	$	454,723
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Change in value of derivatives	—		25
Other comprehensive income	—		25
Comprehensive income	$	532,259	$	454,748

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

5

PULTEGROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(000's omitted)

(Unaudited)

				Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings		Total
	Common Stock
	Shares	$
Shareholders' equity, December 31, 2022	225,840	$	2,258	$	3,330,138	$	—	$	5,581,702	$	8,914,098
Share issuances	443	4		4,838		—		—		4,842
Dividends declared	—	—		—		—		(36,139)		(36,139)
Share repurchases	(2,761)	(27)		—		—		(149,973)		(150,000)
Excise tax on share repurchases	—	—		—		—		(1,221)		(1,221)
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes	—	—		—		—		(10,059)		(10,059)
Share-based compensation	—	—		10,029		—		—		10,029
Net income	—	—		—		—		532,259		532,259
Shareholders' equity, March 31, 2023	223,522	$	2,235	$	3,345,005	$	—	$	5,916,569	$	9,263,809

				Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings		Total
	Common Stock
	Shares	$
Shareholders' equity, December 31, 2021	249,326	$	2,493	$	3,290,791	$	(45)	$	4,196,276	$	7,489,515
Share issuances	586	6		6,024		—		—		6,030
Dividends declared	—	—		—		—		(36,512)		(36,512)
Share repurchases	(10,290)	(103)		—		—		(499,897)		(500,000)
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes	—	—		—		—		(13,614)		(13,614)
Share-based compensation	—	—		13,097		—		—		13,097
Net income	—	—		—		—		454,723		454,723
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		25		—		25
Shareholders' equity, March 31, 2022	239,622	$	2,396	$	3,309,912	$	(20)	$	4,100,976	$	7,413,264

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

6

PULTEGROUP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

($000’s omitted)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	532,259	$	454,723
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Deferred income tax expense	28,152		13,407
Land-related charges	5,683		3,510
Depreciation and amortization	19,139		16,181
Equity income from unconsolidated entities	(2,513)		(1,221)
Distributions of income from unconsolidated entities	3,509		—
Share-based compensation expense	12,488		16,615
Other, net	50		48
Increase (decrease) in cash due to:
Inventories	(85,408)		(814,768)
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale	256,360		436,865
Other assets	25,053		(35,344)
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities	(83,404)		117,650
Net cash provided by operating activities	711,368		207,666
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(23,743)		(30,686)
Investments in unconsolidated entities	(1,117)		(6,681)
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities	2,216		—
Business acquisition	—		(10,400)
Other investing activities, net	(1,570)		(199)
Net cash used in investing activities	(24,214)		(47,966)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayments of notes payable	(4,500)		—
Financial Services repayments, net	(262,264)		(229,985)
Proceeds from liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned	18,449		—
Payments related to consolidated inventory not owned	(10,099)		—
Share repurchases	(150,000)		(500,000)
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes	(10,059)		(13,614)
Dividends paid	(36,380)		(37,796)
Net cash used in financing activities	(454,853)		(781,395)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	232,301		(621,695)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	1,094,553		1,833,565
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	1,326,854	$	1,211,870
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Interest paid (capitalized), net	$	6,205	$	5,157
Income taxes paid (refunded), net	$	209	$	1,915

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

7

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

1. Basis of presentation

PulteGroup, Inc. is one of the largest homebuilders in the United States ("U.S."), and our common shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “PHM”. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "PulteGroup", the "Company", "we", "us", and "our" used herein refer to PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries. While our subsidiaries engage primarily in the homebuilding business, we also engage in mortgage banking operations, conducted through Pulte Mortgage LLC (“Pulte Mortgage”), and title and insurance brokerage operations.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications

Effective with our first quarter 2023 reporting, we reclassified our closing cost incentives provided to customers, including seller-paid financing costs, from home sale cost of revenues to home sale revenues. All prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. As a result, all sales incentives provided to customers are classified as a reduction of home sale revenues. This reclassification had the effect of reducing both home sale revenues and home sale cost of revenues by the amount of such closing cost incentives, which totaled $81.2 million and $38.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Subsequent events

We evaluated subsequent events up until the time the financial statements were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").

Other income (expense), net

Other income (expense), net consists of the following ($000’s omitted): 

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs	$	(5,683)	$	(3,510)
Amortization of intangible assets	(2,670)		(2,821)
Interest income	7,096		388
Interest expense	(107)		(86)
Miscellaneous, net	3,182		2,670
Other income (expense), net	$	1,818	$	(3,359)

8

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Revenue recognition

Home sale revenues - Home sale revenues and related profit are generally recognized when title to and possession of the home are transferred to the buyer, and our performance obligation to deliver the agreed-upon home is generally satisfied at the home closing date. Home sale contract assets consist of cash from home closings held in escrow for our benefit, typically for less than five days, which are considered deposits in-transit and classified as cash. Contract liabilities include customer deposits related to sold but undelivered homes, which totaled $796.4 million and $783.6 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Substantially all of our home sales are scheduled to close and be recorded to revenue within one year from the date of receiving a customer deposit. See Note 8 for information on warranties and related obligations.

Land sale and other revenues - We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land sales are generally outright sales of specified land parcels with cash consideration due on the closing date, which is generally when performance obligations are satisfied. Revenues related to our construction services operations are generally recognized as materials are delivered and installation services are provided.

Financial services revenues - Loan origination fees, commitment fees, and discount points are recognized upon loan origination. Expected gains and losses from the sale of residential mortgage loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of interest rate lock commitments ("IRLCs") that are accounted for at fair value through Financial Services revenues at the time of commitment. Subsequent changes in the fair value of IRLCs and residential mortgage loans available for sale are reflected in Financial Services revenues as they occur. Interest income is accrued from the date a mortgage loan is originated until the loan is sold. Mortgage servicing fees represent fees earned for servicing loans. Servicing fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal balance and are credited to income when related mortgage payments are received.

Revenues associated with our title operations are recognized as closing services are rendered and title insurance policies are issued, both of which generally occur as each home is closed. Insurance brokerage commissions relate to commissions on homeowner and other insurance policies placed with third-party carriers through various agency channels. Our performance obligations for policy renewal commissions are considered satisfied upon issuance of the initial policy. The related contract assets for estimated future renewal commissions are included in other assets and totaled $61.9 million and $57.3 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale

Substantially all of the loans originated by us are sold in the secondary mortgage market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, residential mortgage loans available-for-sale had an aggregate fair value of $420.6 million and $677.2 million, respectively, and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $420.7 million and $680.5 million, respectively. Net gains from the sale of mortgages were $20.6 million and $52.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and have been included in Financial Services revenues.

Derivative instruments and hedging activities

We are party to IRLCs with customers resulting from our mortgage origination operations. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had aggregate IRLCs of $766.0 million and $653.2 million, respectively, which were originated at interest rates prevailing at the date of commitment. Since we can terminate a loan commitment if the borrower does not comply with the terms of the contract, and some loan commitments may expire without being drawn upon, these commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

We hedge our exposure to interest rate market risk relating to residential mortgage loans available-for-sale and IRLCs using forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities, which are commitments to either purchase or sell a specified financial instrument at a specified future date for a specified price, and whole loan investor commitments, which are obligations of an investor to buy loans at a specified price within a specified time period. Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are the predominant derivative financial instruments we use to minimize market risk during the period from the time we extend an interest rate lock to a loan applicant until the time the loan is sold to an investor. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had unexpired forward contracts of $1.1 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively, and whole loan investor commitments of

9

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

$135.6 million and $285.9 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of IRLCs and other derivative financial instruments are recognized in Financial Services revenues, and the fair values are reflected in other assets or other liabilities, as applicable.

We evaluate the creditworthiness of these transactions through our normal credit policies. There are no credit-risk-related contingent features within our derivative agreements, and counterparty risk is considered minimal. Gains and losses on IRLCs and residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are substantially offset by corresponding gains or losses on forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments. We are generally not exposed to variability in cash flows of derivative instruments for more than approximately 90 days. The fair values of derivative instruments and their locations in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized below ($000’s omitted):

 

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Other Assets		Accrued and Other Liabilities		Other Assets		Accrued and Other Liabilities
Interest rate lock commitments	$	9,474	$	5,749	$	10,830	$	1,572
Forward contracts	4,029		8,236		4,144		20,853
Whole loan commitments	151		39		806		165
	$	13,654	$	14,024	$	15,780	$	22,590

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders (the “Numerator”) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, adjusted for unvested shares (the “Denominator”) for the period. Computing diluted earnings per share is similar to computing basic earnings per share, except that the Denominator is increased to include the dilutive effects of unvested restricted share units and other potentially dilutive instruments.

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 260, "Earnings Per Share", the two-class method determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to an earnings allocation formula that adjusts the Numerator for dividends or dividend equivalents and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and, therefore, are included in computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Certain of our outstanding restricted share units and deferred shares are considered participating securities. The following table presents the earnings per common share (000's omitted, except per share data):

10

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Numerator:
Net income	$	532,259	$	454,723
Less: earnings distributed to participating securities	(126)		(218)
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	(2,148)		(3,061)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	$	529,985	$	451,444
Add back: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	2,148		3,061
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to participating securities	(2,135)		(3,045)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$	529,998	$	451,460
Denominator:
Basic shares outstanding	225,127		245,796
Effect of dilutive securities	830		1,069
Diluted shares outstanding	225,957		246,865
Earnings per share:
Basic	$	2.35	$	1.84
Diluted	$	2.35	$	1.83

Credit losses

We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our vendors and insurance carriers. We assess and monitor each counterparty’s ability to pay amounts owed by considering contractual terms and conditions, the counterparty’s financial condition, macroeconomic factors, and business strategy.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we reported $208.9 million and $222.9 million, respectively, of assets in-scope under ASC 326, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses". These assets consist primarily of insurance receivables, contract assets related to insurance brokerage commissions, and vendor rebate receivables. Counterparties associated with these assets are generally highly rated. Allowances on the aforementioned in-scope assets were not material as of March 31, 2023.

New accounting pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)", as amended by ASU 2021-01 in January 2021, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by the cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The guidance was effective beginning March 12, 2020 and can be applied prospectively through December 31, 2024. We will adopt these standards when LIBOR is discontinued and do not expect that the adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or related disclosures.

11

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

2. Inventory

Major components of inventory were as follows ($000’s omitted): 

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Homes under construction	$	5,351,112	$	5,440,186
Land under development	5,346,687		5,134,432
Raw land	647,228		679,341
Consolidated inventory not owned (a)	86,850		72,058
	$	11,431,877	$	11,326,017

(a)    Consolidated inventory not owned includes land sold to third parties for which the Company retains a repurchase option.

We capitalize interest cost into inventory during the active development and construction of our communities. In all periods presented, we capitalized substantially all Homebuilding interest costs into inventory because the level of our active inventory exceeded our debt levels. Information related to interest capitalized into inventory is as follows ($000’s omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Interest in inventory, beginning of period	$	137,262	$	160,756
Interest capitalized	31,802		31,583
Interest expensed	(27,793)		(33,669)
Interest in inventory, end of period	$	141,271	$	158,670

Land option agreements

We enter into land option agreements in order to procure land for the construction of homes in the future. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we generally provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined prices. Such contracts enable us to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties or unconsolidated entities until we have determined whether and when to exercise our option, which reduces our financial risks associated with long-term land holdings. Option deposits and pre-acquisition costs (such as environmental testing, surveys, engineering, and entitlement costs) are capitalized if the costs are directly identifiable with the land under option, the costs would be capitalized if we owned the land, and acquisition of the property is probable. Such costs are reflected in other assets and are reclassified to inventory upon taking title to the land. We write off deposits and pre-acquisition costs when it becomes probable that we will not go forward with the project or recover the capitalized costs. Such decisions take into consideration changes in local market conditions, the timing of required land purchases, the availability and best use of necessary incremental capital, and other factors. We record any such write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs within other income (expense), net (Note 1).

If an entity holding the land under option is a variable interest entity ("VIE"), our deposit represents a variable interest in that entity. No VIEs required consolidation at either March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022 because we determined that we were not any VIE's primary beneficiary. Our maximum exposure to loss related to these VIEs is generally limited to our deposits and pre-acquisition costs under the land option agreements. The following provides a summary of our interests in land option agreements as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 ($000’s omitted):

12

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

 

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs		Remaining Purchase Price		Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs		Remaining Purchase Price
Land options with VIEs	$	218,460	$	1,860,020	$	213,895	$	2,130,398
Other land options	267,267		3,677,444		264,860		3,269,843
	$	485,727	$	5,537,464	$	478,755	$	5,400,241

Land-related charges

Our evaluations for land impairments, net realizable value adjustments, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs are based on our best estimates of the future cash flows of our communities. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, the significant volatility in demand for new housing, the long life cycles of certain of our communities, and potential changes in our strategy related to certain communities, actual results could differ significantly from such estimates.

3. Segment information

Our Homebuilding operations are engaged in the acquisition and development of land primarily for residential purposes within the U.S. and the construction of housing on such land. For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments:

Northeast:	Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia
Southeast:	Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
Florida:	Florida
Midwest:	Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio
Texas:	Texas
West:	Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Washington

We also have a reportable segment for our Financial Services operations, which consist principally of mortgage banking, title, and insurance brokerage operations that operate generally in the same markets as the Homebuilding segments.

	Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Revenues (a):
Northeast	$	220,648	$	162,327
Southeast	630,301		523,238
Florida	1,077,113		759,301
Midwest	393,870		447,902
Texas	486,393		438,854
West	709,378		733,754
	3,517,703		3,065,376
Financial Services	57,938		84,143
Consolidated revenues	$	3,575,641	$	3,149,519

13

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

	Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Northeast	$	46,797	$	27,399
Southeast	145,303		126,132
Florida	270,737		160,694
Midwest	58,904		64,743
Texas	80,065		83,716
West	99,577		133,269
Other homebuilding (b)	(13,163)		(36,653)
	688,220		559,300
Financial Services	13,902		40,593
Consolidated income before income taxes	$	702,122	$	599,893

(a)All periods reflect the reclassification of closing cost incentives to homes sale revenues from home sale cost of revenues (Note 1).

(b)Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets and capitalized interest and other items not allocated to the other segments.

	Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Land-related charges (a):
Northeast	$	25	$	102
Southeast	2,359		1,902
Florida	2,013		972
Midwest	430		158
Texas	115		239
West	741		137
	$	5,683	$	3,510

(a)    Land-related charges include land impairments, net realizable value adjustments on land held for sale, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue.

14

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

	Operating Data by Segment
	($000's omitted)
	March 31, 2023
	Homes Under Construction		Land Under Development		Raw Land		Consolidated Inventory Not Owned		Total Inventory		Total Assets
Northeast	$	319,080	$	306,062	$	31,522	$	—	$	656,664	$	756,249
Southeast	797,089		602,197		91,923		18,908		1,510,117		1,739,218
Florida (a)	1,481,876		1,072,349		126,088		61,500		2,741,813		3,246,605
Midwest	531,030		693,174		22,688		3,355		1,250,247		1,405,271
Texas	627,912		738,216		146,116		3,087		1,515,331		1,684,466
West	1,566,719		1,679,259		217,569		—		3,463,547		3,742,043
Other homebuilding (b)	27,406		255,430		11,322		—		294,158		1,672,336
	5,351,112		5,346,687		647,228		86,850		11,431,877		14,246,188
Financial Services	—		—		—		—		—		584,854
	$	5,351,112	$	5,346,687	$	647,228	$	86,850	$	11,431,877	$	14,831,042
	December 31, 2022
	Homes Under Construction		Land Under Development		Raw Land		Consolidated Inventory Not Owned		Total Inventory		Total Assets
Northeast	$	321,687	$	241,897	$	45,455	$	—	$	609,039	$	700,413
Southeast	793,539		544,867		102,336		20,169		1,460,911		1,668,053
Florida (a)	1,417,657		1,081,836		125,253		51,889		2,676,635		3,195,091
Midwest	523,194		689,541		22,467		—		1,235,202		1,382,227
Texas	690,622		726,342		133,300		—		1,550,264		1,735,683
West	1,662,251		1,528,863		238,758		—		3,429,872		3,771,808
Other homebuilding (b)	31,236		321,086		11,772		—		364,094		1,470,919
	5,440,186		5,134,432		679,341		72,058		11,326,017		13,924,194
Financial Services	—		—		—		—		—		872,321
	$	5,440,186	$	5,134,432	$	679,341	$	72,058	$	11,326,017	$	14,796,515

(a)Florida includes goodwill of $28.6 million, net of a goodwill impairment charge of $20.2 million during 2020.

(b)Other homebuilding primarily includes cash and equivalents, capitalized interest, intangibles, deferred tax assets, and other corporate items that are not allocated to the operating segments. Other homebuilding also includes goodwill of $40.4 million.

15

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

4. Debt

Notes payable

Our notes payable are summarized as follows ($000’s omitted):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
5.500% unsecured senior notes due March 2026 (a)	$	500,000	$	500,000
5.000% unsecured senior notes due January 2027 (a)	500,000		500,000
7.875% unsecured senior notes due June 2032 (a)	300,000		300,000
6.375% unsecured senior notes due May 2033 (a)	400,000		400,000
6.000% unsecured senior notes due February 2035 (a)	300,000		300,000
Net premiums, discounts, and issuance costs (b)	(9,341)		(9,701)
Total senior notes	$	1,990,659	$	1,990,299
Other notes payable	50,978		55,228
Notes payable	$	2,041,637	$	2,045,527
Estimated fair value	$	2,120,458	$	2,079,218

(a)Redeemable prior to maturity; guaranteed on a senior basis by certain wholly-owned subsidiaries.

(b)The carrying value of senior notes reflects the impact of premiums, discounts, and issuance costs that are amortized to interest cost over the respective terms of the senior notes.

Other notes payable

Other notes payable include non-recourse and limited recourse notes with third parties that totaled $51.0 million and $55.2 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. These notes have maturities ranging up to four years, are secured by the applicable land positions to which they relate, and generally have no recourse to other assets. The stated interest rates on these notes range up to 6%. We recorded $6.7 million and $0.7 million of inventory financed by sellers in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Revolving credit facility

We maintain a revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility") maturing in June 2027 that has a maximum borrowing capacity of $1.3 billion and contains an uncommitted accordion feature that could increase the capacity to $1.8 billion, subject to certain conditions and availability of additional bank commitments. The Revolving Credit Facility also provides for the issuance of letters of credit that reduce the available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility, up to the maximum borrowing capacity. The interest rate on borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may be based on either the Secured Overnight Financing Rate or a base rate plus an applicable margin, as defined therein. The Revolving Credit Facility contains financial covenants that require us to maintain a minimum Tangible Net Worth and a maximum Debt-to-Capitalization Ratio (as each term is defined in the Revolving Credit Facility). As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all covenants. Outstanding balances under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by certain of our wholly-owned subsidiaries.

At March 31, 2023, we had no borrowings outstanding, $288.8 million of letters of credit issued, and $961.2 million of remaining capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility. At December 31, 2022, we had no borrowings outstanding, $303.4 million of letters of credit issued, and $946.6 million of remaining capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Joint venture debt

At March 31, 2023, aggregate outstanding debt of unconsolidated joint ventures was $80.6 million, of which $42.0 million was related to one joint venture in which we have a 50% interest. In connection with this loan, we and our joint venture partner provided customary limited recourse guaranties in which our maximum financial loss exposure is limited to our pro rata share of the debt outstanding.

16

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Financial Services debt

Pulte Mortgage maintains a master repurchase agreement with third-party lenders (as amended, the "Repurchase Agreement") that matures on July 27, 2023. The maximum aggregate commitment was $360.0 million at March 31, 2023 and will increase to $500.0 million on June 26, 2023 through maturity. Borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement are secured by residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. The Repurchase Agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants applicable to Pulte Mortgage, including quantitative thresholds related to net worth, net income, and liquidity. At March 31, 2023, Pulte Mortgage had $324.4 million oustanding at a weighted average interest rate of 6.18% and $35.6 million of remaining capacity under the Repurchase Agreement. At December 31, 2022, Pulte Mortgage had $586.7 million outstanding at a weighted average interest rate of 5.39% and $213.3 million of remaining capacity under the Repurchase Agreement. Pulte Mortgage was in compliance with all of its covenants and requirements as of such dates.

5. Shareholders’ equity

In the three months ended March 31, 2023, we declared cash dividends totaling $36.1 million and repurchased 2.8 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $150.0 million. In the three months ended March 31, 2022, we declared cash dividends totaling $36.5 million and repurchased 10.3 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $500.0 million. On January 31, 2022, the Board of Directors increased our share repurchase authorization by $1.0 billion. At March 31, 2023, we had remaining authorization to repurchase $232.9 million of common shares. This repurchase authorization was increased by $1.0 billion on April 24, 2023.

Under our share-based compensation plans, we accept shares as payment under certain conditions related to the vesting of shares, generally related to the payment of minimum tax obligations. In the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, participants surrendered shares valued at $10.1 million and $13.6 million, respectively, under these plans. Such share transactions are excluded from the above noted share repurchase authorization.

6. Income taxes

Our effective tax rate was 24.2% for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Our effective tax rate for each of these periods differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to state income tax expense.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had net deferred tax liabilities of $161.3 million and $133.1 million, respectively. The accounting for deferred taxes is based upon estimates of future results. Differences between estimated and actual results could result in changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets that could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial position. Changes in existing tax laws could also affect actual tax results and the realization of deferred tax assets over time.

Unrecognized tax benefits represent the difference between tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefits recognized for financial statement purposes. We had $23.6 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Additionally, we had accrued interest and penalties of $4.6 million and $4.1 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

7. Fair value disclosures

ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, provides a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The fair value hierarchy can be summarized as follows: 

Level 1	Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2	Fair value determined using significant observable inputs, generally either quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities or quoted prices in markets that are not active.
Level 3	Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs, such as pricing models, discounted cash flows, or similar techniques.

17

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Our assets and liabilities measured or disclosed at fair value are summarized below ($000’s omitted): 

Financial Instrument	Fair Value Hierarchy	Fair Value
		March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale	Level 2	$	420,638	$	677,207
IRLCs	Level 2	3,725		9,258
Forward contracts	Level 2	(4,207)		(16,709)
Whole loan commitments	Level 2	112		641
Measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:
House and land inventory	Level 3	$	—	$	10,873
Disclosed at fair value:
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	Level 1	$	1,326,854	$	1,094,553
Financial Services debt	Level 2	324,447		586,711
Senior notes payable	Level 2	2,069,480		2,023,990
Other notes payable	Level 2	50,978		55,228

Fair values for agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on quoted market prices for comparable instruments. Fair values for non-agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on purchase commitments from whole loan investors and other relevant market information available to management. Fair values for IRLCs, including the value of servicing rights, and forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are valued based on market prices for similar instruments. Fair values for whole loan commitments are based on market prices for similar instruments from the specific whole loan investor.

The carrying amounts of cash and equivalents, Financial Services debt and other notes payable approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature and/or floating interest rate terms. The fair values of senior notes are based on quoted market prices, when available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of similar issues. The carrying value of senior notes was $2.0 billion at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

8. Commitments and contingencies

Letters of credit and surety bonds

In the normal course of business, we post letters of credit and surety bonds pursuant to certain performance-related obligations, as security for certain land option agreements, and under various insurance programs. The majority of these letters of credit and surety bonds are in support of our land development and construction obligations to various municipalities, other government agencies, and utility companies related to the construction of roads, sewers, and other infrastructure. We had outstanding letters of credit and surety bonds totaling $288.8 million and $2.1 billion, respectively, at March 31, 2023 and $303.4 million and $2.2 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2022. In the event any such letter of credit or surety bond is drawn, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or surety bond. Our surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates; rather we are released from the surety bonds as the underlying contractual performance is completed. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to projects that have not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed. We do not believe that a material amount, if any, of the letters of credit or surety bonds will be drawn.

18

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Litigation and regulatory matters

We are involved in various litigation and legal claims in the normal course of our business operations, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants. We are also subject to a variety of local, state, and federal laws and regulations related to land development activities, house construction standards, sales practices, mortgage lending operations, employment practices, and protection of the environment. As a result, we are subject to periodic examination or inquiry by various governmental agencies that administer these laws and regulations.

We establish liabilities for litigation, legal claims, and regulatory matters when such matters are both probable of occurring and any potential loss is reasonably estimable. We accrue for such matters based on the facts and circumstances specific to each matter and revise these estimates as the matters evolve. In such cases, there may exist an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts currently accrued. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of these legal and regulatory matters, we generally cannot predict the ultimate resolution of the pending matters, the related timing, or the eventual loss. While the outcome of such contingencies cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the resolution of such matters will have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. However, to the extent the liability arising from the ultimate resolution of any matter exceeds the estimates reflected in the recorded reserves relating to such matter, we could incur additional charges that could be significant.

Warranty liabilities

Home buyers are provided with a limited warranty against certain building defects, including a one-year comprehensive limited warranty and coverage for certain other aspects of the home's construction and operating systems for periods of up to, and, in limited instances, exceeding, 10 years. We estimate the costs to be incurred under these warranties and record liabilities in the amount of such costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect our warranty liabilities include the number of homes sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and the projected cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of the warranty liabilities for each geographic market in which we operate and adjust the amounts as necessary. Actual warranty costs in the future could differ from the current estimates. Changes to warranty liabilities were as follows ($000’s omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Warranty liabilities, beginning of period	$	108,348	$	107,117
Reserves provided	20,371		19,692
Payments	(24,134)		(19,674)
Other adjustments	1,395		(495)
Warranty liabilities, end of period	$	105,980	$	106,640

Self-insured risks

We maintain, and require our subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance coverage. We also maintain builders' risk, property, errors and omissions, workers' compensation, and other business insurance coverage. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of the risk of loss from claims. However, we retain a significant portion of the overall risk for such claims either through policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries or through our own self-insured per occurrence and aggregate retentions, deductibles, and claims in excess of available insurance policy limits.

Our general liability insurance includes coverage for certain construction defects. While construction defect claims can relate to a variety of circumstances, the majority of our claims relate to alleged problems with siding, plumbing, foundations and other concrete work, windows, roofing, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. The availability of general liability insurance for the homebuilding industry and its subcontractors has become increasingly limited, and the insurance policies available require us to maintain significant per occurrence and aggregate retention levels. In certain instances, we may offer our subcontractors the opportunity to purchase insurance through one of our captive insurance subsidiaries or participate in a project-specific insurance program provided by us. Policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries represent self-insurance of these risks by us. A portion of this self-insured exposure is limited by reinsurance policies that we purchase. General liability coverage for the homebuilding industry is complex, and our coverage varies from policy year to policy year.

19

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Our insurance coverage requires a per occurrence deductible up to an overall aggregate retention level. Beginning with the first dollar, amounts paid to satisfy insured claims generally apply to our per occurrence and aggregate retention obligations. Any amounts incurred in excess of the occurrence or aggregate retention levels are covered by insurance up to our purchased coverage levels. Our insurance policies, including the captive insurance subsidiaries' reinsurance policies, are maintained with highly-rated underwriters for whom we believe counterparty default risk is not significant.

At any point in time, we are managing numerous individual claims related to general liability, property, errors and omissions, workers' compensation, and other business insurance coverage. We reserve for costs associated with such claims (including expected claims management expenses) on an undiscounted basis at the time revenue is recognized for each home closing and periodically evaluate the recorded liabilities based on actuarial analyses of our historical claims. The actuarial analyses calculate estimates of the ultimate net cost of all unpaid losses, including estimates for incurred but not reported losses ("IBNR"). IBNR represents losses related to claims incurred but not yet reported plus development on reported claims.

Our recorded reserves for all such claims totaled $652.7 million and $635.9 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The recorded reserves include loss estimates related to both (i) existing claims and related claim expenses and (ii) IBNR and related claim expenses. Liabilities related to IBNR and related claim expenses represented approximately 73% and 74% of the total general liability reserves at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The actuarial analyses that determine the IBNR portion of reserves consider a variety of factors, including the frequency and severity of losses, which are based on our historical claims experience supplemented by industry data. The actuarial analyses of the reserves also consider historical third-party recovery rates and claims management expenses.

Volatility in both national and local housing market conditions may affect the frequency and cost of construction defect claims. Additionally, IBNR estimates comprise the majority of our liability and are subject to a high degree of uncertainty due to a variety of factors, including changes in claims reporting and resolution patterns, third party recoveries, insurance industry practices, the regulatory environment, and legal precedent. State regulations vary, but construction defect claims are typically reported and resolved over an extended time period often exceeding ten years. Changes in the frequency and timing of reported claims and estimates of specific claim values can impact the underlying inputs and trends utilized in the actuarial analyses, which could have a material impact on the recorded reserves. Because of the inherent uncertainty in estimating future losses and the timing of such losses related to these claims, actual costs could differ significantly from estimated costs. Adjustments to reserves are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs.

Costs associated with our insurance programs are classified within selling, general, and administrative expenses. Changes in these liabilities were as follows ($000's omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Balance, beginning of period	$	635,857	$	627,067
Reserves provided	24,121		19,837
Adjustments to previously recorded reserves	(564)		2,139
Payments, net (a)	(6,669)		(4,765)
Balance, end of period	$	652,745	$	644,278

(a)    Includes net changes in amounts expected to be recovered from our insurance carriers, which are recorded in other assets (see below).

Estimates of anticipated recoveries of our costs under various insurance policies or from subcontractors or other third parties are recorded when recovery is considered probable. Such receivables are recorded in other assets and totaled $43.7 million at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Those receivables relate to costs incurred to perform corrective repairs, settle claims with customers, and other costs related to the continued progression of construction defect claims that we believe are insured. Given the complexity inherent with resolving construction defect claims in the homebuilding industry described above, there generally exists a significant lag between our payment of claims and our reimbursements from applicable insurance carriers or third parties.

20

PULTEGROUP, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Leases

We lease certain office space and equipment for use in our operations. We recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term and combine lease and non-lease components for all leases. Right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities are recorded on the balance sheet for all leases with an expected term of at least one year. Some leases include one or more options to renew. The exercise of lease renewal options is generally at our discretion. The depreciable lives of ROU assets and leasehold improvements are limited to the expected lease term. Certain of our lease agreements include rental payments based on a pro-rata share of the lessor’s operating costs which are variable in nature. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

ROU assets are classified within other assets on the balance sheet, while lease liabilities are classified within accrued and other liabilities. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. ROU assets and lease liabilities were $72.9 million and $89.4 million at March 31, 2023, respectively, and $73.5 million and $90.1 million at December 31, 2022, respectively. In the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded an additional $3.9 million and $0.5 million, respectively, of lease liabilities under operating leases. Payments on lease liabilities in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 totaled $5.4 million and $5.5 million, respectively.

Lease expense includes costs for leases with terms in excess of one year as well as short-term leases with terms of less than one year. In the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 our total lease expense was $14.2 million and $12.9 million, respectively, inclusive of variable lease costs of $3.0 million and $2.2 million, respectively, as well as short-term lease costs of $4.2 million and $5.1 million, respectively. Sublease income was de minimis.

The future minimum lease payments required under our leases as of March 31, 2023 were as follows ($000's omitted):

Years Ending December 31,
2023 (a)	$	20,806
2024	23,521
2025	15,765
2026	11,998
2027	9,414
Thereafter	15,639
Total lease payments (b)	97,143
Less: Interest (c)	(7,724)
Present value of lease liabilities (d)	$	89,419

(a)Remaining payments are for the nine months ending December 31, 2023.

(b)Lease payments include options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised and exclude $2.2 million of legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced at March 31, 2023.

(c)Our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, we must estimate our discount rate for such leases to determine the present value of lease payments at the lease commencement date.

(d)The weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate used in calculating our lease liabilities were 4.9 years and 5.4%, respectively, at March 31, 2023.

21

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are provided as a supplement to and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The strength of new home demand declined beginning in mid-2022 as the Federal Reserve increased benchmark interest rates in response to inflation, which, in turn, drove national mortgage and other interest rates higher, impacting home affordability and consumer sentiment. As a result, net signups during the first quarter of 2023 decreased by 8% as compared to the comparable prior year period, as such prior year period benefited from a historically low interest rate environment and the tailwinds of pent-up demand from the COVID-19 pandemic. Demand strengthened in the first quarter of 2023, evidenced by a monthly increase in net signups beginning in December 2022 and increasing sequentially through March 2023. This sequential increase in orders in recent months was partially supported by an increase in sales incentives, including mortgage interest rate buydowns and a decrease in mortgage rates. Reflective of these trends, our order backlog in units decreased 34% at March 31, 2023 compared with March 31, 2022 but increased 8% compared with December 31, 2022. Additionally, our home sale revenues increased 15% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 over the comparable prior year period, while our gross margins remained very strong relative to historical levels at 29.1%.

Supply chain constraints that began after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic have improved, but continue to limit the availability of certain materials and construction labor, which, combined with delays in municipal approvals and inspections, continue to pressure production cycle times of the homes we are constructing. The time required to construct a home was approximately five weeks longer in the first quarter of 2023 compared with the first quarter of 2022, but we have begun to see signs of a normalization in cycle times since the fourth quarter of 2022. The noted supply chain and labor issues have led to significant cost pressures in almost all areas of our business, but especially related to construction labor and materials. Lumber, in particular, has experienced heightened volatility in recent years, including significant cost increases in 2021 followed by significant cost decreases in 2022. Due to the length of our construction cycle times, there is a lag between when such cost changes occur and when they impact our operating results. Sales pricing of our homes has remained elevated in 2023, which has allowed us to offset the majority of such cost increases. However, average selling prices decreased sequentially since the fourth quarter of 2022, primarily as a result of increased sales incentives.

As interest rates increased in 2022, we adjusted business practices to support a consistent cadence of house starts and an appropriate inventory of quick move-in homes as we focused on turning our assets and delivering high returns on investment. By achieving an effective balance of price and pace, we realized strong revenues and earnings in the three months ended March 31, 2023. Within an evolving macroeconomic environment, consumers across all buyer segments and price points continued to demonstrate a strong desire for homeownership. We are confident in our ability to navigate this environment and to position the Company to take advantage of opportunities as they arise.

22

Consolidated Operations

The following is a summary of our operating results by line of business ($000's omitted, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Income before income taxes:
Homebuilding	$	688,220	$	559,300
Financial Services	13,902		40,593
Income before income taxes	702,122		599,893
Income tax expense	(169,863)		(145,170)
Net income	$	532,259	$	454,723
Per share data - assuming dilution:
Net income	$	2.35	$	1.83

•Homebuilding income before income taxes in the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 23% compared with the same period in 2022. The results are primarily the result of higher closings and average selling prices combined with improved overhead leverage.

•Financial Services income before income taxes in the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased 66% compared to the same period in 2022, primarily as the result of a lower capture rate and revenue per loan due to increased competitiveness in the mortgage industry in 2023, including an industry-wide increase in mortgage incentives.

•Our effective tax rate was 24.2% for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Our effective tax rate for each of these periods differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to state income tax expense.

23

Homebuilding Operations

The following presents selected financial information for our Homebuilding operations ($000’s omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023			2023 vs. 2022		2022
Home sale revenues (a)	$	3,487,637		15	%	$	3,032,217
Land sale and other revenues	30,066			(9)	%	33,159
Total Homebuilding revenues	3,517,703			15	%	3,065,376
Home sale cost of revenues (a) (b)	(2,472,329)			15	%	(2,142,978)
Land sale and other cost of revenues	(24,967)			(22)	%	(32,002)
Selling, general, and administrative   expenses ("SG&A")	(336,518)			2	%	(329,022)
Equity income from unconsolidated entities	2,513			(c)		1,221
Other expense, net	1,818			(c)		(3,295)
Income before income taxes	$	688,220		23	%	$	559,300
Supplemental data:
Gross margin from home sales (a)	29.1		%	(20) bps		29.3		%
SG&A as a percentage of home   sale revenues (a)	9.6		%	(130) bps		10.9		%
Closings (units)	6,394			6	%	6,039
Average selling price (a)	$	545		9	%	$	502
Net new orders (d):
Units	7,354			(8)	%	7,971
Dollars	$	3,789,993		(20)	%	$	4,731,272
Cancellation rate	17		%			9		%
Average active communities	879			13	%	777
Backlog at March 31:
Units	13,129			(34)	%	19,935
Dollars	$	7,976,424		(31)	%	$	11,519,770

(a)All periods reflect the reclassification of closing cost incentives from home sale cost of revenues to homes sale revenues (Note 1).

(b)Includes the amortization of capitalized interest.

(c)Percentage not meaningful

(d)Net new order dollars represent a composite of new order dollars combined with other movements of the dollars in backlog related to cancellations and change orders.

Home sale revenues

Home sale revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2023 were higher than the prior year period by $455.4 million. In the three months ended March 31, 2023, the 15% increase resulted from a 6% increase in closings combined with a 9% increase in average selling price. The increase in closings was attributable an increased number of quick move-in or speculative homes to satisfy consumer demand to quickly close on homes due to the volatile interest rate environment and ongoing supply chain challenges. The increased average selling price reflected the impact of continued consumer demand and persistent inflation, partially offset by an increase in the mix of first-time buyer homes, which typically carry a lower sales price, and higher sales incentives in substantially all of our markets. The year-over-year increases in average selling price occurred in substantially all of our markets.

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Home sale gross margins

Home sale gross margins were 29.1% in the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to 29.3% in the three months ended March 31, 2022. Generally, we were able to maintain pricing to substantially offset increases in house and land costs.

Land sale and other revenues

We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land sale and other revenues and their related gains or losses vary between periods, depending on the timing of land sales and our strategic operating decisions. Land sales and other revenues contributed income of $5.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

SG&A

SG&A as a percentage of home sale revenues was 9.6% in the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared with 10.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The gross dollar amount of our SG&A increased $7.5 million, or 2%, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to March 31, 2022.

Other income (expense), net

Other income (expense), net includes the following ($000’s omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs	$	(5,683)	$	(3,510)
Amortization of intangible assets	(2,670)		(2,821)
Interest income	7,096		388
Interest expense	(107)		(86)
Miscellaneous, net	3,182		2,734
Total other income (expense), net	$	1,818	$	(3,295)

Net new orders

Net new orders in units decreased 8% while net new orders in dollars decreased 20% in the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year period. The decreased net new order volume in 2023 was primarily due to higher cancellation rates (canceled orders for the period divided by gross new orders for the period), which was 17% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 9% for the comparable prior year period. Cancellation rates began to increase during the second quarter of 2022 as the market responded to increased home affordability challenges resulting from a historic increase in mortgage interest rates, increases in the price of homes, and the impact of inflationary pressures in the broader economy. Ending backlog dollars, which represents orders for homes that have not yet closed, decreased 31% at March 31, 2023 compared with March 31, 2022, as a result of the aforementioned lower net new orders and higher cancellation rates.

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Homes in production

The following is a summary of our homes in production:

	March 31, 2023	March 31, 2022
Sold	10,487	16,088
Unsold
Under construction	5,334	5,117
Completed	1,051	64
	6,385	5,181
Models	1,367	1,276
Total	18,239	22,545

The number of homes in production at March 31, 2023 was 19% lower than at March 31, 2022. This decrease was primarily attributable to the lower number of sold homes as a result of decreased new orders and higher cancellations, partially offset by an increased number of unsold homes, which reflected our strategic decision to increase starts of speculative units in response to buyer demand for quick move-in homes.

Controlled lots

The following is a summary of our lots under control at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Owned		Optioned		Controlled		Owned		Optioned		Controlled
Northeast	4,467		7,607		12,074		4,295		7,502		11,797
Southeast	17,651		23,737		41,388		16,692		23,433		40,125
Florida	25,598		29,494		55,092		26,413		29,667		56,080
Midwest	12,514		13,216		25,730		12,923		13,128		26,051
Texas	19,480		15,995		35,475		20,197		14,438		34,635
West	27,818		12,778		40,596		28,328		14,096		42,424
Total	107,528		102,827		210,355		108,848		102,264		211,112
	51	%	49	%	100	%	52	%	48	%	100	%
Developed (%)	43	%	16	%	30	%	43	%	16	%	30	%

While competition for well-positioned land is robust, we continued to pursue land investments that we believe can achieve appropriate risk-adjusted returns on invested capital. We have also continued to seek to maintain a high percentage of our lots that are controlled via land option agreements as such contracts enabled us to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties or unconsolidated entities until we have determined whether and when to exercise our option, which reduces our financial risks associated with long-term land holdings. The remaining purchase price under our land option agreements totaled $5.5 billion at March 31, 2023.

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Homebuilding Segment Operations

As of March 31, 2023, we conducted our operations in 42 markets located throughout 24 states. For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments:

 

Northeast:	Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia
Southeast:	Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
Florida:	Florida
Midwest:	Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio
Texas:	Texas
West:	Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Washington

The following tables present selected financial information for our reportable Homebuilding segments:

	Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2023 vs. 2022		2022
Home sale revenues (a):
Northeast	$	220,538	36	%	$	162,325
Southeast	628,986		20	%	522,851
Florida	1,053,301		44	%	730,282
Midwest	392,995		(12)	%	446,431
Texas	485,225		11	%	436,787
West	706,592		(4)	%	733,541
	$	3,487,637	15	%	$	3,032,217
Income (loss) before income taxes (b):
Northeast	$	46,797	71	%	$	27,399
Southeast	145,303		15	%	126,132
Florida	270,737		68	%	160,694
Midwest	58,904		(9)	%	64,743
Texas	80,065		(4)	%	83,716
West	99,577		(25)	%	133,269
Other homebuilding (c)	(13,163)		64	%	(36,653)
	$	688,220	23	%	$	559,300

(a)All periods reflect the reclassification of closing cost incentives to homes sale revenues from home sale cost of revenues (Note 1).

(b)Includes land-related charges as summarized in the table below.

(c)     Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets and capitalized interest and other items not allocated to the operating segments.

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	Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2023 vs. 2022		2022
Closings (units):
Northeast	337		29	%	262
Southeast	1,168		14	%	1,026
Florida	1,752		22	%	1,433
Midwest	757		(20)	%	944
Texas	1,308		8	%	1,210
West	1,072		(8)	%	1,164
	6,394		6	%	6,039
Average selling price (a):
Northeast	$	654	6	%	$	620
Southeast	539		6	%	510
Florida	601		18	%	510
Midwest	519		10	%	473
Texas	371		3	%	361
West	659		5	%	630
	$	545	9	%	$	502
Net new orders - units:
Northeast	385		(9)	%	425
Southeast	1,347		1	%	1,331
Florida	1,878		—	%	1,873
Midwest	1,083		(7)	%	1,163
Texas	1,424		(6)	%	1,514
West	1,237		(26)	%	1,665
	7,354		(8)	%	7,971
Net new orders - dollars:
Northeast	$	263,139	(11)	%	$	295,372
Southeast	661,272		(13)	%	763,720
Florida	1,044,646		(14)	%	1,215,250
Midwest	564,802		(8)	%	611,630
Texas	500,498		(22)	%	643,209
West	755,636		(37)	%	1,202,091
	$	3,789,993	(20)	%	$	4,731,272

(a)All periods reflect the reclassification of closing cost incentives to homes sale revenues from home sale cost of revenues (Note 1).

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	Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023			2023 vs. 2022		2022
Cancellation rates:
Northeast	9		%			5		%
Southeast	12		%			5		%
Florida	17		%			9		%
Midwest	12		%			8		%
Texas	21		%			13		%
West	25		%			11		%
	17		%			9		%
Unit backlog:
Northeast	522			(45)	%	951
Southeast	2,085			(25)	%	2,781
Florida	4,767			(19)	%	5,870
Midwest	1,676			(42)	%	2,907
Texas	1,905			(44)	%	3,403
West	2,174			(46)	%	4,023
	13,129			(34)	%	19,935
Backlog dollars:
Northeast	$	385,259		(40)	%	$	642,274
Southeast	1,164,103			(27)	%	1,598,772
Florida	3,122,519			(12)	%	3,534,132
Midwest	958,713			(36)	%	1,508,582
Texas	869,073			(42)	%	1,500,605
West	1,476,757			(46)	%	2,735,405
	$	7,976,424		(31)	%	$	11,519,770

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	Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Land-related charges (a):
Northeast	$	25	$	102
Southeast	2,359		1,902
Florida	2,013		972
Midwest	430		158
Texas	115		239
West	741		137
	$	5,683	$	3,510

(a)    Land-related charges include land inventory impairments, net realizable value adjustments on land held for sale, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue.

Northeast     

For the first quarter of 2023, Northeast home sale revenues increased by 36% when compared with the prior year period due to a 29% increase in closings combined with a 6% increase in average selling price. The increase in closings and the increase in average selling price occurred across the majority of markets. Income before income taxes increased 71%, primarily due to increased revenues. Net new orders decreased across all markets.

Southeast

For the first quarter of 2023, Southeast home sale revenues increased 20% when compared with the prior year period due to a 14% increase in closings combined with a 6% increase in average selling price. The increase in closings and average selling price occurred across the majority of markets. Income before income taxes increased 15%, primarily due to the higher revenues. Net new orders increased across the majority of markets.

Florida

For the first quarter of 2023, Florida home sale revenues increased 44% when compared with the prior year period due to a 22% increase in closings combined with an 18% increase in average selling price. The increase in closings and average selling price occurred across all markets. Income before income taxes increased 68%, primarily due to increased revenues across all markets. The increase in net new orders was concentrated in Orlando as the result of new community openings.

Midwest

For the first quarter of 2023, Midwest home sale revenues decreased 12% when compared with the prior year period due to a 20% decrease in closings partially offset by a 10% increase in average selling price. The decrease in closings occurred across the majority of markets while the increase in average selling price occurred across all markets. Income before income taxes decreased 9%, primarily due to the lower revenues. Net new orders decreased as the result of challenged demand conditions.

Texas

For the first quarter of 2023, Texas home sale revenues increased 11% when compared with the prior year period due to an 8% increase in closings combined with a 3% increase in average selling price. The increase in closings and average selling price occurred across the majority of markets. Income before income taxes decreased 4%, primarily due to decreased gross margins across all markets. Net new orders decreased across the majority of markets.

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West

For the first quarter of 2023, West home sale revenues decreased 4% when compared with the prior year period due to an 8% decrease in closings partially offset by a 5% increase in average selling price. The decrease in closings occurred across the majority of markets, while the increase in average selling price occurred across the majority of markets. Income before income taxes decreased 25%, primarily due to decreased revenues and gross margins. Net new orders decreased across the majority of markets.

Financial Services Operations

We conduct our Financial Services operations, which include mortgage banking, title, and insurance brokerage operations, through Pulte Mortgage LLC ("Pulte Mortgage") and other subsidiaries. In originating mortgage loans, we initially use our own funds, including funds available pursuant to a credit agreement with third parties. Substantially all of the loans we originate are sold in the secondary market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. We also sell the servicing rights for the loans we originate through fixed price servicing sales contracts to reduce the risks and costs inherent in servicing loans. This strategy results in owning loans and related servicing rights for only a short period of time. Operating as a captive business model primarily targeted to support our Homebuilding operations, the business levels of our Financial Services operations are highly correlated to Homebuilding, as Homebuilding customers continue to account for substantially all of its business. We believe that our mortgage capture rate, which represents loan originations from our Homebuilding operations as a percentage of total loan opportunities from our Homebuilding operations, excluding cash closings, is an important metric in evaluating the effectiveness of our captive mortgage business model. The following tables present selected financial information for our Financial Services operations ($000's omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2023 vs. 2022		2022
Mortgage revenues	$	31,765	(50)	%	$	63,155
Title services revenues	18,495		16	%	15,962
Insurance brokerage commissions	7,678		53	%	5,026
Total Financial Services revenues	57,938		(31)	%	84,143
Expenses	(44,036)		1	%	(43,486)
Other income (expense), net	—		(a)		(64)
Income before income taxes	$	13,902	(66)	%	$	40,593
Total originations:
Loans	3,869		(5)	%	4,057
Principal	$	1,516,450	(2)	%	$	1,539,897

(a)Percentage not meaningful.

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	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Supplemental data:
Capture rate	78.3	%	81.0	%
Average FICO score	747		750
Funded origination breakdown:
Government (FHA, VA, USDA)	20	%	20	%
Other agency	75	%	72	%
Total agency	95	%	92	%
Non-agency	5	%	8	%
Total funded originations	100	%	100	%

Revenues

The demand for refinancing within the mortgage industry waned in 2022 and has remained low in 2023 as mortgage interest rates began to sharply rise and remained high, which led to an increase in competition among lenders and lower margins per loan. As a result, total Financial Services revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased 31% compared with the same period in 2022. These factors were partially offset by a higher average loan amount as the result of the higher average selling price within Homebuilding.

Income before income taxes

Income before income taxes in the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased 66% compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to a lower capture rate and revenue per loan due to increased competitiveness in the mortgage industry in 2023, including an industry-wide increase in mortgage incentives.

Income Taxes

Our effective income tax rate was 24.2% for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Our effective tax rate for each of these periods differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to state income tax expense.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We finance our land acquisition, development, and construction activities and financial services operations using internally-generated funds, supplemented by credit arrangements with third parties and capital market financing. We routinely monitor current and expected operational requirements and financial market conditions to evaluate accessing available financing sources, including revolving bank credit and securities offerings.

At March 31, 2023, we had unrestricted cash and equivalents of $1.3 billion, restricted cash balances of $48.8 million, and $961.2 million available under our Revolving Credit Facility. Our ratio of debt-to-total capitalization, excluding our Financial Services debt, was 18.1% at March 31, 2023, compared with 18.7% at December 31, 2022. We follow a diversified investment approach for our cash and equivalents by maintaining such funds with a broad portfolio of banks within our group of relationship banks in high quality, highly liquid, short-term deposits and investments, which helps mitigate banking concentration risk. In response to recent volatility in the banking system, we have shifted a larger percentage of our cash and equivalents to money market funds to reduce the balances held in bank accounts.

For the next twelve months, we expect our principal demand for funds will be for the acquisition and development of land inventory, construction of house inventory, and operating expenses, including our general and administrative expenses. The elongation of our production cycle has required a greater investment of cash in our homes under production. Additionally, we plan to continue our dividend payments and repurchases of common stock. Within the next twelve months, we need to repay or refinance Pulte Mortgage's master repurchase agreement with third-party lenders (the "Repurchase Agreement"). While we intend to refinance the Repurchase Agreement prior to its maturity, there can be no assurances that the Repurchase Agreement can be renewed or replaced on commercially reasonable terms upon its expiration. However, we believe we have adequate

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liquidity to meet Pulte Mortgage's anticipated financing needs. Beyond the next twelve months, we will need to repay or refinance our Revolving Credit Facility, which matures in June 2027, and our unsecured senior notes, the next tranche of which becomes due in 2026.

We believe that our current cash position and other available financing resources, coupled with our ongoing operating activities, will provide sufficient liquidity to fund our business needs over the next twelve months and beyond. To the extent the sources of capital described above are insufficient to meet our needs, we may also conduct additional public offerings of our securities, refinance debt, dispose of certain assets to fund our operating activities, or draw on existing or new debt facilities.

Unsecured senior notes

We had $2.0 billion of unsecured senior notes outstanding at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 with no repayments due until March 2026, when $500.0 million of unsecured senior notes are scheduled to mature.

Other notes payable

Other notes payable include non-recourse and limited recourse secured notes with third parties that totaled $51.0 million and $55.2 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. These notes have maturities ranging up to four years, are secured by the applicable land positions to which they relate, and generally have no recourse to other assets. The stated interest rates on these notes range up to 6%.

Revolving credit facility

We maintain a revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility") maturing in June 2027 that has a maximum borrowing capacity of $1.3 billion and contains an uncommitted accordion feature that could increase the capacity to $1.8 billion, subject to certain conditions and availability of additional bank commitments. The Revolving Credit Facility also provides for the issuance of letters of credit that reduce the available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility, up to the maximum borrowing capacity. The interest rate on borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may be based on either the Secured Overnight Financing Rate or a base rate plus an applicable margin, as defined therein. The Revolving Credit Facility contains financial covenants that require us to maintain a minimum Tangible Net Worth and a maximum Debt-to-Capitalization Ratio (as each term is defined in the Revolving Credit Facility). As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all covenants. Outstanding balances under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by certain of our wholly-owned subsidiaries.

At March 31, 2023, we had no borrowings outstanding, $288.8 million of letters of credit issued, and $961.2 million of remaining capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility. At December 31, 2022, we had no borrowings outstanding, $303.4 million of letters of credit issued, and $946.6 million of remaining capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Joint venture debt

At March 31, 2023, aggregate outstanding debt of unconsolidated joint ventures was $80.6 million of which $42.0 million was related to one joint venture in which we have a 50% interest. In connection with this loan, we and our joint venture partner provided customary limited recourse guaranties in which our maximum financial loss exposure is limited to our pro rata share of the debt outstanding.

Financial Services debt

Pulte Mortgage maintains the Repurchase Agreement with third-party lenders that matures on July 27, 2023. The maximum aggregate commitment was $360.0 million at March 31, 2023 and will increase to $500.0 million on June 26, 2023 through maturity. Borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement are secured by residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. The Repurchase Agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants applicable to Pulte Mortgage, including quantitative thresholds related to net worth, net income, and liquidity. At March 31, 2023, Pulte Mortgage had $324.4 million outstanding at a weighted average interest rate of 6.18% and $35.6 million of remaining capacity under the Repurchase Agreement. At December 31, 2022, Pulte Mortgage had $586.7 million outstanding at a weighted average interest rate of 5.39% and $213.3 million of remaining capacity under the Repurchase Agreement. Pulte Mortgage was in compliance with all of its covenants and requirements as of such dates. While there can be no assurances that the Repurchase Agreement can be renewed or replaced on commercially reasonable terms upon its expiration on July 27, 2023, we believe we have adequate liquidity to meet Pulte Mortgage's anticipated financing needs.

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Dividends and share repurchase program

In the three months ended March 31, 2023, we declared cash dividends totaling $36.1 million and repurchased 2.8 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $150.0 million. In the three months ended March 31, 2022, we declared cash dividends totaling $36.5 million and repurchased 10.3 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $500.0 million. On January 31, 2022, the Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase authorization of $1.0 billion. At March 31, 2023, we had remaining authorization to repurchase $232.9 million of common shares. This repurchase authorization was increased by $1.0 billion on April 24, 2023.

Contractual Obligations

We are a party to many contractual obligations involving commitments to make payments to third parties. These obligations impact our short-term and long-term liquidity and capital resource needs. Certain contractual obligations are reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2023, while others are considered future commitments. Our contractual obligations primarily consist of long-term debt and related interest payments, purchase obligations related to expected acquisitions and development of land, operating leases, and obligations under our various compensation and benefit plans.

We use letters of credit and surety bonds to guarantee our performance under various contracts, principally in connection with the development of our homebuilding projects. The expiration dates of the letter of credit contracts coincide with the expected completion date of the related homebuilding projects. If the obligations related to a project are ongoing, annual extensions of the letters of credit are typically granted on a year-to-year basis. At March 31, 2023, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $288.8 million. Our surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates; rather, we are released from the bonds as the contractual performance is completed. These bonds, which approximated $2.1 billion at March 31, 2023, are typically outstanding over a period of approximately three to five years. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to projects that have not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed.

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into land option agreements in order to procure land for the construction of houses in the future. At March 31, 2023, these agreements had an aggregate remaining purchase price of $5.5 billion. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we generally provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined prices. At March 31, 2023, outstanding deposits totaled $485.7 million, of which $14.4 million is refundable.

For further information regarding our primary obligations, refer to Note 4 and Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on 10-Q for amounts outstanding as of March 31, 2023 related to debt and commitments and contingencies, respectively.

Cash flows

Operating activities

Net cash provided by operating activities in the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $711.4 million. Generally, the primary drivers of our cash flow from operations are profitability and changes in the levels of inventory and residential mortgage loans available-for-sale, each of which experiences seasonal fluctuations. The cash inflows from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were primarily due to net income of $532.3 million along with a seasonal $256.4 million decrease in residential mortgage loans available for sale, offset by a net increase in inventories of $85.4 million, which was primarily attributable to extended house production cycle times combined with investment in land inventory.

Net cash provided by operating activities in the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $207.7 million. The positive cash flow from operations in three months ended March 31, 2022 was primarily due to our net income of $454.7 million along with a seasonal $436.9 million decrease in residential mortgage loans available for sale, partially offset by a net increase in inventories of $814.8 million, which was primarily attributable to higher house inventory in production resulting from the higher order backlog combined with investment in land inventory to support future growth.

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Investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2023 was $24.2 million. These cash outflows primarily related to capital expenditures of $23.7 million related to our ongoing investments in new communities, facilities, and information technology applications.

Net cash used in investing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $48.0 million. These cash outflows in 2022 primarily related to a $10.4 million deferred payment related to the 2020 acquisition of Innovative Construction Group as well as capital expenditures of $30.7 million related to our ongoing investments in new communities and information technology applications.

Financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2023 totaled $454.9 million. These cash outflows resulted primarily from the repurchase of 2.8 million common shares for $150.0 million under our share repurchase authorization, payments of $36.4 million in cash dividends, and net repayments of $262.3 million under the Repurchase Agreement related to a seasonal reduction in residential mortgage loans available-for-sale.

Net cash used in financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2022 totaled $781.4 million. These cash outflows resulted primarily from the repurchase of 10.3 million common shares for $500.0 million under our share repurchase authorization, payments of $37.8 million in cash dividends, and net repayments of of $230.0 million under the Repurchase Agreement related to a seasonal reduction in residential mortgage loans available-for-sale.

Seasonality

Although significant changes in market conditions have impacted our seasonal patterns in the past and could do so again, we historically experience variability in our quarterly results from operations due to the seasonal nature of the homebuilding industry. We generally experience increases in revenues and cash flow from operations in the fourth quarter based on the timing of home closings. This seasonal activity increases our working capital requirements in our third and fourth quarters to support our home production and loan origination volumes. As a result of the seasonality of our operations, our quarterly results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Additionally, given the disruption in economic activity caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, supply chain challenges, changes in mortgage interest rates, and other macroeconomic factors, our quarterly results for 2023 and 2022 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be achieved in the future.

Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information

As of March 31, 2023, PulteGroup, Inc. had outstanding $2.0 billion principal amount of unsecured senior notes due at dates from March 2026 through February 2035 and no amounts outstanding on its Revolving Credit Facility.

All of our unsecured senior notes and the Revolving Credit Facility are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, on a joint and several basis, by certain subsidiaries of PulteGroup, Inc. ("Guarantors" or "Guarantor Subsidiaries"). Each of the Guarantor Subsidiaries is 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by PulteGroup, Inc. Our subsidiaries associated with our financial services operations and certain other subsidiaries do not guarantee the unsecured senior notes or the Revolving Credit Facility (collectively, "Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries"). The guarantees are senior unsecured obligations of each Guarantor and rank equal with all existing and future senior debt of such Guarantor and senior to all subordinated debt of such Guarantor. The guarantees are effectively subordinated to any secured debt of such Guarantor to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt.

A court could void or subordinate any Guarantor’s guarantee under the fraudulent conveyance laws if existing or future creditors of any such Guarantor were successful in establishing that such Guarantor:

(a) incurred the guarantee with the intent of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors; or

(b) received less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in return for incurring the guarantee and, in the case of any one of the following being true at the time thereof:

•such Guarantor was insolvent or rendered insolvent by reason of the issuance of the incurrence of the guarantee;

35

•the incurrence of the guarantee left such Guarantor with an unreasonably small amount of capital or assets to carry on its business;

•such Guarantor intended to, or believed that it would, incur debts beyond its ability to pay as they mature;

•such Guarantor was a defendant in an action for money damages, or had a judgment for money damages docketed against it, if the judgment is unsatisfied after final judgment.

The measures of insolvency for purposes of determining whether a fraudulent conveyance occurred would vary depending upon the laws of the relevant jurisdiction and upon the valuation assumptions and methodology applied by the court. However, in general, a court would deem a company insolvent if:

•the sum of its debts, including contingent and unliquidated liabilities, was greater than the fair saleable value of all of its assets;

•the present fair saleable value of its assets was less than the amount that would be required to pay its probable liability on its existing debts, including contingent liabilities, as they become absolute and mature; or

•it could not pay its debts as they became due.

The guarantees of the senior notes contain a provision to limit each Guarantor’s liability to the maximum amount that it could incur without causing the incurrence of obligations under its guarantee to be a fraudulent transfer. However, under recent case law, this provision may not be effective to protect such guarantee from being voided under fraudulent transfer law or otherwise determined to be unenforceable. If a court were to find that the incurrence of a guarantee was a fraudulent transfer or conveyance, the court could void the payment obligations under that guarantee, could subordinate that guarantee to presently existing and future indebtedness of the Guarantor or could require the holders of the senior notes to repay any amounts received with respect to that guarantee. In the event of a finding that a fraudulent transfer or conveyance occurred, holders may not receive any repayment on the senior notes.

Finally, as a court of equity, a bankruptcy court may subordinate the claims in respect of the guarantees to other claims against us under the principle of equitable subordination if the court determines that (1) the holder of senior notes engaged in some type of inequitable conduct, (2) the inequitable conduct resulted in injury to our other creditors or conferred an unfair advantage upon the holders of senior notes and (3) equitable subordination is not inconsistent with the provisions of the bankruptcy code.

On the basis of historical financial information, operating history and other factors, we believe that each of the Guarantors, after giving effect to the issuance of the guarantees when such guarantees were issued, was not insolvent, did not have unreasonably small capital for the business in which it engaged and did not and has not incurred debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature. We cannot assure you, however, as to what standard a court would apply in making these determinations or that a court would agree with our conclusions in this regard.

The following tables present summarized financial information for PulteGroup, Inc. and the Guarantor Subsidiaries on a combined basis after intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated among PulteGroup, Inc. and the Guarantor Subsidiaries, as well as their investment in and equity in earnings from the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries ($000’s omitted):

PulteGroup, Inc. and Guarantor Subsidiaries
Summarized Balance Sheet Data
ASSETS	March 31, 2023	December 31, 2022
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$1,161,828	$786,073
House and land inventory	11,087,989	10,925,830
Amount due from Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries	563,555	674,898
Total assets	13,528,748	13,074,398
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable, customer deposits,   accrued and other liabilities	$2,736,283	$2,785,286
Notes payable	2,041,637	2,045,527
Total liabilities	5,021,345	5,049,079

36

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Summarized Statement of Operations Data	2023	2022
Revenues	$3,444,704	$2,979,947
Cost of revenues	2,435,992	2,109,024
Selling, general, and administrative expenses	322,134	319,439
Income before income taxes	678,844	543,227

Critical Accounting Estimates

There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting estimates in the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared with those contained in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Quantitative disclosure

We are subject to market risk on our debt instruments primarily due to fluctuations in interest rates. We utilize both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt. For fixed-rate debt, changes in interest rates generally affect the fair value of the debt instrument but not our earnings or cash flows. Conversely, for variable-rate debt, changes in interest rates generally do not affect the fair value of the debt instrument but could affect our earnings and cash flows. Except in very limited circumstances, we do not have an obligation to prepay fixed-rate debt prior to maturity. As a result, interest rate risk and changes in fair value should not have a significant impact on our fixed-rate debt until we are required or elect to refinance or repurchase such debt.     

The following table sets forth the principal cash flows by scheduled maturity, weighted-average interest rates, and estimated fair value of our debt obligations as of March 31, 2023 ($000’s omitted):

	As of March 31, 2023 for the Years ending December 31,
	2023			2024			2025			2026			2027			Thereafter			Total			Fair Value
Rate-sensitive liabilities:
Fixed rate debt	$	16,218		$	31,165		$	—		$	503,595		$	500,000		$	1,000,000		$	2,050,978		$	2,120,458
Average interest rate	3.27		%	4.64		%	—		%	5.49		%	5.00		%	6.71		%	5.94		%
Variable rate debt (a)	$	324,447		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	324,447		$	324,447
Average interest rate	6.18		%	—		%	—		%	—		%	—		%	—		%	6.18		%

(a) Includes the Pulte Mortgage Repurchase Agreement and amounts outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility, under which there was no amount outstanding at March 31, 2023.

37

Qualitative disclosure

There have been no material changes to the qualitative disclosure found in Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

SPECIAL NOTES CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

As a cautionary note, except for the historical information contained herein, certain matters discussed in Item 2, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and Item 3, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, are “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results, performance, prospects or opportunities, as well as those of the markets we serve or intend to serve, to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these statements. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate to matters of a strictly factual or historical nature and generally discuss or relate to forecasts, estimates or other expectations regarding future events. Generally, the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “project,” “may,” “can,” “could,” “might,” “should,” “will” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, including statements related to any potential impairment charges and the impacts or effects thereof, expected operating and performing results, planned transactions, planned objectives of management, future developments or conditions in the industries in which we participate and other trends, developments and uncertainties that may affect our business in the future.

Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include, among other things: interest rate changes and the availability of mortgage financing; the impact of any changes to our strategy in responding to the cyclical nature of the industry or deteriorations in industry changes or downward changes in general economic or other business conditions, including any changes regarding our land positions and the levels of our land spend; economic changes nationally or in our local markets, including inflation, deflation, changes in consumer confidence and preferences and the state of the market for homes in general; labor supply shortages and the cost of labor; the availability and cost of land and other raw materials used by us in our homebuilding operations; a decline in the value of the land and home inventories we maintain and resulting possible future writedowns of the carrying value of our real estate assets; competition within the industries in which we operate; governmental regulation directed at or affecting the housing market, the homebuilding industry or construction activities, slow growth initiatives and/or local building moratoria; the availability and cost of insurance covering risks associated with our businesses, including warranty and other legal or regulatory proceedings or claims; damage from improper acts of persons over whom we do not have control or attempts to impose liabilities or obligations of third parties on us; weather related slowdowns; the impact of climate change and related governmental regulation; adverse capital and credit market conditions, which may affect our access to and cost of capital; the insufficiency of our income tax provisions and tax reserves, including as a result of changing laws or interpretations; the potential that we do not realize our deferred tax assets; out inability to sell mortgages into the secondary market; uncertainty in the mortgage lending industry, including revisions to underwriting standards and repurchase requirements associated with the sale of mortgage loans, and related claims against us; risks related to information technology failures or data security issues; failure to retain key personnel; the disruptions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic (or another epidemic or pandemic or similar public threat or fear of such an event), and the measures taken to address it; the effect of cybersecurity incidents and threats; and other factors of national, regional and global scale, including those of a political, economic, business and competitive nature. See Item 1A – Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 for a further discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties applicable to our businesses. We undertake no duty to update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or changes in our expectations.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2023. Based upon, and as of the date of that evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2023.

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

38

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

There have been no material developments with respect to the information previously reported under Part I, Item 3 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

	Total number of shares purchased (1)	Average price paid per share		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs	Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs ($000’s omitted) (2)
January 1, 2023 to January 31, 2023	601,651	$	49.84	601,651	$	352,912
February 1, 2023 to February 28, 2023	933,107	$	55.88	933,107	$	300,766
March 1, 2023 to March 31, 2023	1,227,517	$	55.29	1,227,517	$	232,897
Total	2,762,275	$	54.30	2,762,275

 

(1)     During 2023, participants surrendered shares for payment of minimum tax obligations upon the vesting or exercise of previously granted share-based compensation awards. Such shares were not repurchased as part of our publicly-announced share repurchase programs and are excluded from the table above.

(2)     The Board of Directors approved a share repurchase authorization increase of $1.0 billion on January 31, 2022. There is no expiration date for this program, under which $232.9 million remained as of March 31, 2023. This repurchase authorization was increased by $1.0 billion on April 24, 2023. During 2023, we repurchased 2.8 million shares for a total of $150.0 million under this program.

39

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number and Description

3	(a)	Restated Articles of Incorporation, of PulteGroup, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 18, 2009)
	(b)	Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated March 18, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010)
	(c)	Certificate of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, dated May 21, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(c) of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010)
	(d)	Amended and Restated By-Laws of PulteGroup, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 6, 2022)
	(e)	Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Shares, dated August 6, 2009 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(b) of our Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on August 18, 2009)
4	(a)	Any instrument with respect to long-term debt, where the securities authorized thereunder do not exceed 10% of the total assets of PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries, has not been filed. The Company agrees to furnish a copy of such instruments to the SEC upon request.
	(b)	Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 18, 2010, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent, which includes the Form of Rights Certificate as Exhibit B thereto (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A/A, filed with the SEC on March 23, 2010)
	(c)	First Amendment to Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2013, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2013)
	(d)	Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2016, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 10, 2016)
	(e)	Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 7, 2019, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 7, 2019)
	(f)	Fourth Amendment to Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2020, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 11, 2020)
	(g)	Fifth Amendment to Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of March 10, 2022, between PulteGroup, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as rights agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of PulteGroup, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 11, 2022)
22	(a)	List of Guarantor Subsidiaries (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 22 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on February 6, 2023)
31	(a)	Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Ryan R. Marshall, President and Chief Executive Officer (Filed herewith)
	(b)	Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Robert T. O'Shaughnessy, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Filed herewith)
32		Certification Pursuant to 18 United States Code § 1350 and Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Furnished herewith)
101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

40

101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	The cover page from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL

41

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

PULTEGROUP, INC.
/s/ Robert T. O'Shaughnessy
Robert T. O'Shaughnessy
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and duly authorized officer)
Date:	April 25, 2023

42

EX-31.A

EXHIBIT 31(a)

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER'S CERTIFICATION

I, Ryan R. Marshall, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of PulteGroup, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	April 25, 2023	/s/ Ryan R. Marshall
		Ryan R. Marshall
		President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.B

EXHIBIT 31(b)

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER'S CERTIFICATION

I, Robert T. O'Shaughnessy, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of PulteGroup, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	April 25, 2023	/s/ Robert T. O'Shaughnessy
		Robert T. O'Shaughnessy
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32

EXHIBIT 32

Certification

Pursuant to 18 United States Code § 1350 and

Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

In connection with the Quarterly Report of PulteGroup, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned hereby certifies that to his knowledge:

(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: April 25, 2023

/s/ Ryan R. Marshall

Ryan R. Marshall

President and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Robert T. O'Shaughnessy

Robert T. O'Shaughnessy

Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Apr. 18, 2023
Entity Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-9804
Entity Registrant Name	PULTEGROUP INC/MI/
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MI
Entity Tax Identification Number	38-2766606
Entity Address, Address Line One	3350 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 1500
Entity Address, City or Town	Atlanta,
Entity Address, State or Province	GA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	30326
City Area Code	404
Local Phone Number	978-6400
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		223,224,233
Entity Central Index Key	0000822416
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false
Common Stock
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of each class	Common Shares, par value $0.01
Trading Symbol	PHM
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Series A Junior Participating Preferred Share Purchase Rights
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of each class	Series A Junior Participating Preferred Share Purchase Rights
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
No Trading Symbol Flag	true

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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
ASSETS
Cash and equivalents	$ 1,278,025	$ 1,053,104
Restricted cash	48,829	41,449
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	1,326,854	1,094,553
House and land inventory	11,431,877	11,326,017
Land held for sale	48,036	42,254
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale	420,638	677,207
Investments in unconsolidated entities	144,664	146,759
Other assets	1,246,492	1,291,572
Goodwill	68,930	68,930
Other intangible assets	64,205	66,875
Deferred tax assets	79,346	82,348
Total assets	14,831,042	14,796,515
Liabilities:
Accounts payable	488,757	565,975
Customer deposits	796,384	783,556
Deferred tax liabilities	240,604	215,446
Accrued and other liabilities	1,675,404	1,685,202
Financial Services debt	324,447	586,711
Revolving credit facility	0
Notes payable	2,041,637	2,045,527
Total liabilities	5,567,233	5,882,417
Shareholders' equity	9,263,809	8,914,098
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ 14,831,042	$ 14,796,515

XML

Consolidated Statements Of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 3,575,641	$ 3,149,519
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues:
Selling, general, and administrative expenses	(336,518)	(329,022)
Equity income from unconsolidated entities	2,513	1,221
Other income (expense), net	1,818	(3,359)
Income before income taxes	702,122	599,893
Income tax expense	(169,863)	(145,170)
Net income	$ 532,259	$ 454,723
Per share:
Basic earnings (usd per share)	$ 2.35	$ 1.84
Diluted earnings (usd per share)	2.35	1.83
Cash dividends declared (usd per share)	$ 0.16	$ 0.15
Number of shares used in calculation:
Basic shares outstanding (shares)	225,127	245,796
Effect of dilutive securities (shares)	830	1,069
Diluted shares outstanding (shares)	225,957	246,865
Homebuilding
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues:
Cost of revenues	$ (2,497,296)	$ (2,174,980)
Financial Services
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues:
Financial Services expenses	(44,036)	(43,486)
Home sale revenues | Homebuilding
Revenues:
Revenues	3,487,637	3,032,217
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues:
Cost of revenues	(2,472,329)	(2,142,978)
Land sale and other revenues | Homebuilding
Revenues:
Revenues	30,066	33,159
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues:
Cost of revenues	(24,967)	(32,002)
Financial Services | Financial Services
Revenues:
Revenues	57,938	84,143
Homebuilding Cost of Revenues:
Income before income taxes	$ 13,902	$ 40,593

XML

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent [Abstract]
Net income	$ 532,259	$ 454,723
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Change in value of derivatives	0	25
Other comprehensive income	0	25
Comprehensive income	$ 532,259	$ 454,748

XML

Consolidated Statements Of Shareholders' Equity - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Retained Earnings
Beginning shareholders' equity (shares) at Dec. 31, 2021		249,326
Beginning shareholders' equity at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 7,489,515	$ 2,493	$ 3,290,791	$ (45)	$ 4,196,276
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share issuances (shares)		586
Share issuances	6,030	$ 6	6,024
Dividends declared	(36,512)				(36,512)
Share repurchases (shares)		(10,290)
Share repurchases	(500,000)	$ (103)			(499,897)
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes	(13,614)				(13,614)
Share-based compensation	13,097		13,097
Net income	454,723				454,723
Other comprehensive income	25			25
Ending shareholders' equity (shares) at Mar. 31, 2022		239,622
Ending shareholders' equity at Mar. 31, 2022	7,413,264	$ 2,396	3,309,912	(20)	4,100,976
Beginning shareholders' equity (shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		225,840
Beginning shareholders' equity at Dec. 31, 2022	8,914,098	$ 2,258	3,330,138	0	5,581,702
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share issuances (shares)		443
Share issuances	4,842	$ 4	4,838
Dividends declared	(36,139)				(36,139)
Share repurchases (shares)		(2,761)
Share repurchases	(150,000)	$ (27)			(149,973)
Excise tax on share repurchases	(1,221)
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes	(10,059)				(10,059)
Share-based compensation	10,029		10,029
Net income	532,259				532,259
Other comprehensive income	0
Ending shareholders' equity (shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		223,522
Ending shareholders' equity at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 9,263,809	$ 2,235	$ 3,345,005	$ 0	$ 5,916,569

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Consolidated Statements Of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 532,259	$ 454,723
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Deferred income tax expense	28,152	13,407
Land-related charges	5,683	3,510
Depreciation and amortization	19,139	16,181
Equity income from unconsolidated entities	(2,513)	(1,221)
Distributions of income from unconsolidated entities	3,509	0
Share-based compensation expense	12,488	16,615
Other, net	50	48
Increase (decrease) in cash due to:
Inventories	(85,408)	(814,768)
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale	256,360	436,865
Other assets	25,053	(35,344)
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities	(83,404)	117,650
Net cash provided by operating activities	711,368	207,666
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(23,743)	(30,686)
Investments in unconsolidated entities	(1,117)	(6,681)
Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities	2,216	0
Business acquisition	0	(10,400)
Other investing activities, net	(1,570)	(199)
Net cash used in investing activities	(24,214)	(47,966)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayments of notes payable	(4,500)	0
Financial Services repayments, net	(262,264)	(229,985)
Proceeds from liabilities related to consolidated inventory not owned	18,449	0
Payments related to consolidated inventory not owned	(10,099)	0
Share repurchases	(150,000)	(500,000)
Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes	(10,059)	(13,614)
Dividends paid	(36,380)	(37,796)
Net cash used in financing activities	(454,853)	(781,395)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	232,301	(621,695)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	1,094,553	1,833,565
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	1,326,854	1,211,870
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Interest paid (capitalized), net	6,205	5,157
Income taxes paid (refunded), net	$ 209	$ 1,915

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Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of presentation

Basis of presentation

PulteGroup, Inc. is one of the largest homebuilders in the United States ("U.S."), and our common shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “PHM”. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "PulteGroup", the "Company", "we", "us", and "our" used herein refer to PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries. While our subsidiaries engage primarily in the homebuilding business, we also engage in mortgage banking operations, conducted through Pulte Mortgage LLC (“Pulte Mortgage”), and title and insurance brokerage operations.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications

Effective with our first quarter 2023 reporting, we reclassified our closing cost incentives provided to customers, including seller-paid financing costs, from home sale cost of revenues to home sale revenues. All prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. As a result, all sales incentives provided to customers are classified as a reduction of home sale revenues. This reclassification had the effect of reducing both home sale revenues and home sale cost of revenues by the amount of such closing cost incentives, which totaled $81.2 million and $38.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Subsequent events

We evaluated subsequent events up until the time the financial statements were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").

Other income (expense), net

Other income (expense), net consists of the following ($000’s omitted): 

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs	$	(5,683)	$	(3,510)
Amortization of intangible assets	(2,670)		(2,821)
Interest income	7,096		388
Interest expense	(107)		(86)
Miscellaneous, net	3,182		2,670
Other income (expense), net	$	1,818	$	(3,359)

Revenue recognition

Home sale revenues - Home sale revenues and related profit are generally recognized when title to and possession of the home are transferred to the buyer, and our performance obligation to deliver the agreed-upon home is generally satisfied at the home closing date. Home sale contract assets consist of cash from home closings held in escrow for our benefit, typically for less than five days, which are considered deposits in-transit and classified as cash. Contract liabilities include customer deposits related to sold but undelivered homes, which totaled $796.4 million and $783.6 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Substantially all of our home sales are scheduled to close and be recorded to revenue within one year from the date of receiving a customer deposit. See Note 8 for information on warranties and related obligations.

Land sale and other revenues - We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land sales are generally outright sales of specified land parcels with cash consideration due on the closing date, which is generally when performance obligations are satisfied. Revenues related to our construction services operations are generally recognized as materials are delivered and installation services are provided.

Financial services revenues - Loan origination fees, commitment fees, and discount points are recognized upon loan origination. Expected gains and losses from the sale of residential mortgage loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of interest rate lock commitments ("IRLCs") that are accounted for at fair value through Financial Services revenues at the time of commitment. Subsequent changes in the fair value of IRLCs and residential mortgage loans available for sale are reflected in Financial Services revenues as they occur. Interest income is accrued from the date a mortgage loan is originated until the loan is sold. Mortgage servicing fees represent fees earned for servicing loans. Servicing fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal balance and are credited to income when related mortgage payments are received.

Revenues associated with our title operations are recognized as closing services are rendered and title insurance policies are issued, both of which generally occur as each home is closed. Insurance brokerage commissions relate to commissions on homeowner and other insurance policies placed with third-party carriers through various agency channels. Our performance obligations for policy renewal commissions are considered satisfied upon issuance of the initial policy. The related contract assets for estimated future renewal commissions are included in other assets and totaled $61.9 million and $57.3 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale

Substantially all of the loans originated by us are sold in the secondary mortgage market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, residential mortgage loans available-for-sale had an aggregate fair value of $420.6 million and $677.2 million, respectively, and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $420.7 million and $680.5 million, respectively. Net gains from the sale of mortgages were $20.6 million and $52.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and have been included in Financial Services revenues.

Derivative instruments and hedging activities

We are party to IRLCs with customers resulting from our mortgage origination operations. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had aggregate IRLCs of $766.0 million and $653.2 million, respectively, which were originated at interest rates prevailing at the date of commitment. Since we can terminate a loan commitment if the borrower does not comply with the terms of the contract, and some loan commitments may expire without being drawn upon, these commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

We hedge our exposure to interest rate market risk relating to residential mortgage loans available-for-sale and IRLCs using forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities, which are commitments to either purchase or sell a specified financial instrument at a specified future date for a specified price, and whole loan investor commitments, which are obligations of an investor to buy loans at a specified price within a specified time period. Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are the predominant derivative financial instruments we use to minimize market risk during the period from the time we extend an interest rate lock to a loan applicant until the time the loan is sold to an investor. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had unexpired forward contracts of $1.1 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively, and whole loan investor commitments of

$135.6 million and $285.9 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of IRLCs and other derivative financial instruments are recognized in Financial Services revenues, and the fair values are reflected in other assets or other liabilities, as applicable.

We evaluate the creditworthiness of these transactions through our normal credit policies. There are no credit-risk-related contingent features within our derivative agreements, and counterparty risk is considered minimal. Gains and losses on IRLCs and residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are substantially offset by corresponding gains or losses on forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments. We are generally not exposed to variability in cash flows of derivative instruments for more than approximately 90 days. The fair values of derivative instruments and their locations in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized below ($000’s omitted):

 

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Other Assets		Accrued and Other Liabilities		Other Assets		Accrued and Other Liabilities
Interest rate lock commitments	$	9,474	$	5,749	$	10,830	$	1,572
Forward contracts	4,029		8,236		4,144		20,853
Whole loan commitments	151		39		806		165
	$	13,654	$	14,024	$	15,780	$	22,590

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders (the “Numerator”) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, adjusted for unvested shares (the “Denominator”) for the period. Computing diluted earnings per share is similar to computing basic earnings per share, except that the Denominator is increased to include the dilutive effects of unvested restricted share units and other potentially dilutive instruments.

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 260, "Earnings Per Share", the two-class method determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to an earnings allocation formula that adjusts the Numerator for dividends or dividend equivalents and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and, therefore, are included in computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Certain of our outstanding restricted share units and deferred shares are considered participating securities. The following table presents the earnings per common share (000's omitted, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Numerator:
Net income	$	532,259	$	454,723
Less: earnings distributed to participating securities	(126)		(218)
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	(2,148)		(3,061)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	$	529,985	$	451,444
Add back: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	2,148		3,061
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to participating securities	(2,135)		(3,045)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$	529,998	$	451,460
Denominator:
Basic shares outstanding	225,127		245,796
Effect of dilutive securities	830		1,069
Diluted shares outstanding	225,957		246,865
Earnings per share:
Basic	$	2.35	$	1.84
Diluted	$	2.35	$	1.83

Credit losses

We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our vendors and insurance carriers. We assess and monitor each counterparty’s ability to pay amounts owed by considering contractual terms and conditions, the counterparty’s financial condition, macroeconomic factors, and business strategy.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we reported $208.9 million and $222.9 million, respectively, of assets in-scope under ASC 326, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses". These assets consist primarily of insurance receivables, contract assets related to insurance brokerage commissions, and vendor rebate receivables. Counterparties associated with these assets are generally highly rated. Allowances on the aforementioned in-scope assets were not material as of March 31, 2023.

New accounting pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)", as amended by ASU 2021-01 in January 2021, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by the cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The guidance was effective beginning March 12, 2020 and can be applied prospectively through December 31, 2024. We will adopt these standards when LIBOR is discontinued and do not expect that the adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or related disclosures.

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Inventory

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventory

Inventory

Major components of inventory were as follows ($000’s omitted): 

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Homes under construction	$	5,351,112	$	5,440,186
Land under development	5,346,687		5,134,432
Raw land	647,228		679,341
Consolidated inventory not owned (a)	86,850		72,058
	$	11,431,877	$	11,326,017

(a)    Consolidated inventory not owned includes land sold to third parties for which the Company retains a repurchase option.

We capitalize interest cost into inventory during the active development and construction of our communities. In all periods presented, we capitalized substantially all Homebuilding interest costs into inventory because the level of our active inventory exceeded our debt levels. Information related to interest capitalized into inventory is as follows ($000’s omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Interest in inventory, beginning of period	$	137,262	$	160,756
Interest capitalized	31,802		31,583
Interest expensed	(27,793)		(33,669)
Interest in inventory, end of period	$	141,271	$	158,670

Land option agreements

We enter into land option agreements in order to procure land for the construction of homes in the future. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we generally provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined prices. Such contracts enable us to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties or unconsolidated entities until we have determined whether and when to exercise our option, which reduces our financial risks associated with long-term land holdings. Option deposits and pre-acquisition costs (such as environmental testing, surveys, engineering, and entitlement costs) are capitalized if the costs are directly identifiable with the land under option, the costs would be capitalized if we owned the land, and acquisition of the property is probable. Such costs are reflected in other assets and are reclassified to inventory upon taking title to the land. We write off deposits and pre-acquisition costs when it becomes probable that we will not go forward with the project or recover the capitalized costs. Such decisions take into consideration changes in local market conditions, the timing of required land purchases, the availability and best use of necessary incremental capital, and other factors. We record any such write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs within other income (expense), net (Note 1).

If an entity holding the land under option is a variable interest entity ("VIE"), our deposit represents a variable interest in that entity. No VIEs required consolidation at either March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022 because we determined that we were not any VIE's primary beneficiary. Our maximum exposure to loss related to these VIEs is generally limited to our deposits and pre-acquisition costs under the land option agreements. The following provides a summary of our interests in land option agreements as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 ($000’s omitted):

 

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs		Remaining Purchase Price		Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs		Remaining Purchase Price
Land options with VIEs	$	218,460	$	1,860,020	$	213,895	$	2,130,398
Other land options	267,267		3,677,444		264,860		3,269,843
	$	485,727	$	5,537,464	$	478,755	$	5,400,241

Land-related charges

Our evaluations for land impairments, net realizable value adjustments, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs are based on our best estimates of the future cash flows of our communities. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, the significant volatility in demand for new housing, the long life cycles of certain of our communities, and potential changes in our strategy related to certain communities, actual results could differ significantly from such estimates.

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Segment Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment information

Segment information

Our Homebuilding operations are engaged in the acquisition and development of land primarily for residential purposes within the U.S. and the construction of housing on such land. For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments:

Northeast:	Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia
Southeast:	Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
Florida:	Florida
Midwest:	Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio
Texas:	Texas
West:	Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Washington

We also have a reportable segment for our Financial Services operations, which consist principally of mortgage banking, title, and insurance brokerage operations that operate generally in the same markets as the Homebuilding segments.

	Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Revenues (a):
Northeast	$	220,648	$	162,327
Southeast	630,301		523,238
Florida	1,077,113		759,301
Midwest	393,870		447,902
Texas	486,393		438,854
West	709,378		733,754
	3,517,703		3,065,376
Financial Services	57,938		84,143
Consolidated revenues	$	3,575,641	$	3,149,519

	Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Northeast	$	46,797	$	27,399
Southeast	145,303		126,132
Florida	270,737		160,694
Midwest	58,904		64,743
Texas	80,065		83,716
West	99,577		133,269
Other homebuilding (b)	(13,163)		(36,653)
	688,220		559,300
Financial Services	13,902		40,593
Consolidated income before income taxes	$	702,122	$	599,893

(a)All periods reflect the reclassification of closing cost incentives to homes sale revenues from home sale cost of revenues (Note 1).

(b)Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets and capitalized interest and other items not allocated to the other segments.

	Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Land-related charges (a):
Northeast	$	25	$	102
Southeast	2,359		1,902
Florida	2,013		972
Midwest	430		158
Texas	115		239
West	741		137
	$	5,683	$	3,510

(a)    Land-related charges include land impairments, net realizable value adjustments on land held for sale, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue.

	Operating Data by Segment
	($000's omitted)
	March 31, 2023
	Homes Under Construction		Land Under Development		Raw Land		Consolidated Inventory Not Owned		Total Inventory		Total Assets
Northeast	$	319,080	$	306,062	$	31,522	$	—	$	656,664	$	756,249
Southeast	797,089		602,197		91,923		18,908		1,510,117		1,739,218
Florida (a)	1,481,876		1,072,349		126,088		61,500		2,741,813		3,246,605
Midwest	531,030		693,174		22,688		3,355		1,250,247		1,405,271
Texas	627,912		738,216		146,116		3,087		1,515,331		1,684,466
West	1,566,719		1,679,259		217,569		—		3,463,547		3,742,043
Other homebuilding (b)	27,406		255,430		11,322		—		294,158		1,672,336
	5,351,112		5,346,687		647,228		86,850		11,431,877		14,246,188
Financial Services	—		—		—		—		—		584,854
	$	5,351,112	$	5,346,687	$	647,228	$	86,850	$	11,431,877	$	14,831,042
	December 31, 2022
	Homes Under Construction		Land Under Development		Raw Land		Consolidated Inventory Not Owned		Total Inventory		Total Assets
Northeast	$	321,687	$	241,897	$	45,455	$	—	$	609,039	$	700,413
Southeast	793,539		544,867		102,336		20,169		1,460,911		1,668,053
Florida (a)	1,417,657		1,081,836		125,253		51,889		2,676,635		3,195,091
Midwest	523,194		689,541		22,467		—		1,235,202		1,382,227
Texas	690,622		726,342		133,300		—		1,550,264		1,735,683
West	1,662,251		1,528,863		238,758		—		3,429,872		3,771,808
Other homebuilding (b)	31,236		321,086		11,772		—		364,094		1,470,919
	5,440,186		5,134,432		679,341		72,058		11,326,017		13,924,194
Financial Services	—		—		—		—		—		872,321
	$	5,440,186	$	5,134,432	$	679,341	$	72,058	$	11,326,017	$	14,796,515

(a)Florida includes goodwill of $28.6 million, net of a goodwill impairment charge of $20.2 million during 2020.

(b)Other homebuilding primarily includes cash and equivalents, capitalized interest, intangibles, deferred tax assets, and other corporate items that are not allocated to the operating segments. Other homebuilding also includes goodwill of $40.4 million.

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Debt

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Debt

Notes payable

Our notes payable are summarized as follows ($000’s omitted):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
5.500% unsecured senior notes due March 2026 (a)	$	500,000	$	500,000
5.000% unsecured senior notes due January 2027 (a)	500,000		500,000
7.875% unsecured senior notes due June 2032 (a)	300,000		300,000
6.375% unsecured senior notes due May 2033 (a)	400,000		400,000
6.000% unsecured senior notes due February 2035 (a)	300,000		300,000
Net premiums, discounts, and issuance costs (b)	(9,341)		(9,701)
Total senior notes	$	1,990,659	$	1,990,299
Other notes payable	50,978		55,228
Notes payable	$	2,041,637	$	2,045,527
Estimated fair value	$	2,120,458	$	2,079,218

(a)Redeemable prior to maturity; guaranteed on a senior basis by certain wholly-owned subsidiaries.

(b)The carrying value of senior notes reflects the impact of premiums, discounts, and issuance costs that are amortized to interest cost over the respective terms of the senior notes.

Other notes payable

Other notes payable include non-recourse and limited recourse notes with third parties that totaled $51.0 million and $55.2 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. These notes have maturities ranging up to four years, are secured by the applicable land positions to which they relate, and generally have no recourse to other assets. The stated interest rates on these notes range up to 6%. We recorded $6.7 million and $0.7 million of inventory financed by sellers in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Revolving credit facility

We maintain a revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility") maturing in June 2027 that has a maximum borrowing capacity of $1.3 billion and contains an uncommitted accordion feature that could increase the capacity to $1.8 billion, subject to certain conditions and availability of additional bank commitments. The Revolving Credit Facility also provides for the issuance of letters of credit that reduce the available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility, up to the maximum borrowing capacity. The interest rate on borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may be based on either the Secured Overnight Financing Rate or a base rate plus an applicable margin, as defined therein. The Revolving Credit Facility contains financial covenants that require us to maintain a minimum Tangible Net Worth and a maximum Debt-to-Capitalization Ratio (as each term is defined in the Revolving Credit Facility). As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all covenants. Outstanding balances under the Revolving Credit Facility are guaranteed by certain of our wholly-owned subsidiaries.

At March 31, 2023, we had no borrowings outstanding, $288.8 million of letters of credit issued, and $961.2 million of remaining capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility. At December 31, 2022, we had no borrowings outstanding, $303.4 million of letters of credit issued, and $946.6 million of remaining capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility.

Joint venture debt

At March 31, 2023, aggregate outstanding debt of unconsolidated joint ventures was $80.6 million, of which $42.0 million was related to one joint venture in which we have a 50% interest. In connection with this loan, we and our joint venture partner provided customary limited recourse guaranties in which our maximum financial loss exposure is limited to our pro rata share of the debt outstanding.

Financial Services debt

Pulte Mortgage maintains a master repurchase agreement with third-party lenders (as amended, the "Repurchase Agreement") that matures on July 27, 2023. The maximum aggregate commitment was $360.0 million at March 31, 2023 and will increase to $500.0 million on June 26, 2023 through maturity. Borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement are secured by residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. The Repurchase Agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants applicable to Pulte Mortgage, including quantitative thresholds related to net worth, net income, and liquidity. At March 31, 2023, Pulte Mortgage had $324.4 million oustanding at a weighted average interest rate of 6.18% and $35.6 million of remaining capacity under the Repurchase Agreement. At December 31, 2022, Pulte Mortgage had $586.7 million outstanding at a weighted average interest rate of 5.39% and $213.3 million of remaining capacity under the Repurchase Agreement. Pulte Mortgage was in compliance with all of its covenants and requirements as of such dates.

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Shareholders' Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Shareholders’ equity

Shareholders’ equity

In the three months ended March 31, 2023, we declared cash dividends totaling $36.1 million and repurchased 2.8 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $150.0 million. In the three months ended March 31, 2022, we declared cash dividends totaling $36.5 million and repurchased 10.3 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $500.0 million. On January 31, 2022, the Board of Directors increased our share repurchase authorization by $1.0 billion. At March 31, 2023, we had remaining authorization to repurchase $232.9 million of common shares. This repurchase authorization was increased by $1.0 billion on April 24, 2023.

Under our share-based compensation plans, we accept shares as payment under certain conditions related to the vesting of shares, generally related to the payment of minimum tax obligations. In the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, participants surrendered shares valued at $10.1 million and $13.6 million, respectively, under these plans. Such share transactions are excluded from the above noted share repurchase authorization.

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Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income taxes

Income taxes

Our effective tax rate was 24.2% for both the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. Our effective tax rate for each of these periods differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to state income tax expense.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had net deferred tax liabilities of $161.3 million and $133.1 million, respectively. The accounting for deferred taxes is based upon estimates of future results. Differences between estimated and actual results could result in changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets that could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial position. Changes in existing tax laws could also affect actual tax results and the realization of deferred tax assets over time.

Unrecognized tax benefits represent the difference between tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefits recognized for financial statement purposes. We had $23.6 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Additionally, we had accrued interest and penalties of $4.6 million and $4.1 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

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Fair Value Disclosures

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair value disclosures

Fair value disclosures

ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, provides a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The fair value hierarchy can be summarized as follows: 

Level 1	Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2	Fair value determined using significant observable inputs, generally either quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities or quoted prices in markets that are not active.
Level 3	Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs, such as pricing models, discounted cash flows, or similar techniques.

Our assets and liabilities measured or disclosed at fair value are summarized below ($000’s omitted): 

Financial Instrument	Fair Value Hierarchy	Fair Value
		March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale	Level 2	$	420,638	$	677,207
IRLCs	Level 2	3,725		9,258
Forward contracts	Level 2	(4,207)		(16,709)
Whole loan commitments	Level 2	112		641
Measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:
House and land inventory	Level 3	$	—	$	10,873
Disclosed at fair value:
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	Level 1	$	1,326,854	$	1,094,553
Financial Services debt	Level 2	324,447		586,711
Senior notes payable	Level 2	2,069,480		2,023,990
Other notes payable	Level 2	50,978		55,228

Fair values for agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on quoted market prices for comparable instruments. Fair values for non-agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on purchase commitments from whole loan investors and other relevant market information available to management. Fair values for IRLCs, including the value of servicing rights, and forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are valued based on market prices for similar instruments. Fair values for whole loan commitments are based on market prices for similar instruments from the specific whole loan investor.

The carrying amounts of cash and equivalents, Financial Services debt and other notes payable approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature and/or floating interest rate terms. The fair values of senior notes are based on quoted market prices, when available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of similar issues. The carrying value of senior notes was $2.0 billion at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022

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Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and contingencies

Commitments and contingencies

Letters of credit and surety bonds

In the normal course of business, we post letters of credit and surety bonds pursuant to certain performance-related obligations, as security for certain land option agreements, and under various insurance programs. The majority of these letters of credit and surety bonds are in support of our land development and construction obligations to various municipalities, other government agencies, and utility companies related to the construction of roads, sewers, and other infrastructure. We had outstanding letters of credit and surety bonds totaling $288.8 million and $2.1 billion, respectively, at March 31, 2023 and $303.4 million and $2.2 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2022. In the event any such letter of credit or surety bond is drawn, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or surety bond. Our surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates; rather we are released from the surety bonds as the underlying contractual performance is completed. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to projects that have not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed. We do not believe that a material amount, if any, of the letters of credit or surety bonds will be drawn.

Litigation and regulatory matters

We are involved in various litigation and legal claims in the normal course of our business operations, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants. We are also subject to a variety of local, state, and federal laws and regulations related to land development activities, house construction standards, sales practices, mortgage lending operations, employment practices, and protection of the environment. As a result, we are subject to periodic examination or inquiry by various governmental agencies that administer these laws and regulations.

We establish liabilities for litigation, legal claims, and regulatory matters when such matters are both probable of occurring and any potential loss is reasonably estimable. We accrue for such matters based on the facts and circumstances specific to each matter and revise these estimates as the matters evolve. In such cases, there may exist an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts currently accrued. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of these legal and regulatory matters, we generally cannot predict the ultimate resolution of the pending matters, the related timing, or the eventual loss. While the outcome of such contingencies cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the resolution of such matters will have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. However, to the extent the liability arising from the ultimate resolution of any matter exceeds the estimates reflected in the recorded reserves relating to such matter, we could incur additional charges that could be significant.

Warranty liabilities

Home buyers are provided with a limited warranty against certain building defects, including a one-year comprehensive limited warranty and coverage for certain other aspects of the home's construction and operating systems for periods of up to, and, in limited instances, exceeding, 10 years. We estimate the costs to be incurred under these warranties and record liabilities in the amount of such costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect our warranty liabilities include the number of homes sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and the projected cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of the warranty liabilities for each geographic market in which we operate and adjust the amounts as necessary. Actual warranty costs in the future could differ from the current estimates. Changes to warranty liabilities were as follows ($000’s omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Warranty liabilities, beginning of period	$	108,348	$	107,117
Reserves provided	20,371		19,692
Payments	(24,134)		(19,674)
Other adjustments	1,395		(495)
Warranty liabilities, end of period	$	105,980	$	106,640

Self-insured risks

We maintain, and require our subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance coverage. We also maintain builders' risk, property, errors and omissions, workers' compensation, and other business insurance coverage. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of the risk of loss from claims. However, we retain a significant portion of the overall risk for such claims either through policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries or through our own self-insured per occurrence and aggregate retentions, deductibles, and claims in excess of available insurance policy limits.

Our general liability insurance includes coverage for certain construction defects. While construction defect claims can relate to a variety of circumstances, the majority of our claims relate to alleged problems with siding, plumbing, foundations and other concrete work, windows, roofing, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. The availability of general liability insurance for the homebuilding industry and its subcontractors has become increasingly limited, and the insurance policies available require us to maintain significant per occurrence and aggregate retention levels. In certain instances, we may offer our subcontractors the opportunity to purchase insurance through one of our captive insurance subsidiaries or participate in a project-specific insurance program provided by us. Policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries represent self-insurance of these risks by us. A portion of this self-insured exposure is limited by reinsurance policies that we purchase. General liability coverage for the homebuilding industry is complex, and our coverage varies from policy year to policy year.

Our insurance coverage requires a per occurrence deductible up to an overall aggregate retention level. Beginning with the first dollar, amounts paid to satisfy insured claims generally apply to our per occurrence and aggregate retention obligations. Any amounts incurred in excess of the occurrence or aggregate retention levels are covered by insurance up to our purchased coverage levels. Our insurance policies, including the captive insurance subsidiaries' reinsurance policies, are maintained with highly-rated underwriters for whom we believe counterparty default risk is not significant.

At any point in time, we are managing numerous individual claims related to general liability, property, errors and omissions, workers' compensation, and other business insurance coverage. We reserve for costs associated with such claims (including expected claims management expenses) on an undiscounted basis at the time revenue is recognized for each home closing and periodically evaluate the recorded liabilities based on actuarial analyses of our historical claims. The actuarial analyses calculate estimates of the ultimate net cost of all unpaid losses, including estimates for incurred but not reported losses ("IBNR"). IBNR represents losses related to claims incurred but not yet reported plus development on reported claims.

Our recorded reserves for all such claims totaled $652.7 million and $635.9 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The recorded reserves include loss estimates related to both (i) existing claims and related claim expenses and (ii) IBNR and related claim expenses. Liabilities related to IBNR and related claim expenses represented approximately 73% and 74% of the total general liability reserves at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The actuarial analyses that determine the IBNR portion of reserves consider a variety of factors, including the frequency and severity of losses, which are based on our historical claims experience supplemented by industry data. The actuarial analyses of the reserves also consider historical third-party recovery rates and claims management expenses.

Volatility in both national and local housing market conditions may affect the frequency and cost of construction defect claims. Additionally, IBNR estimates comprise the majority of our liability and are subject to a high degree of uncertainty due to a variety of factors, including changes in claims reporting and resolution patterns, third party recoveries, insurance industry practices, the regulatory environment, and legal precedent. State regulations vary, but construction defect claims are typically reported and resolved over an extended time period often exceeding ten years. Changes in the frequency and timing of reported claims and estimates of specific claim values can impact the underlying inputs and trends utilized in the actuarial analyses, which could have a material impact on the recorded reserves. Because of the inherent uncertainty in estimating future losses and the timing of such losses related to these claims, actual costs could differ significantly from estimated costs. Adjustments to reserves are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs.

Costs associated with our insurance programs are classified within selling, general, and administrative expenses. Changes in these liabilities were as follows ($000's omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Balance, beginning of period	$	635,857	$	627,067
Reserves provided	24,121		19,837
Adjustments to previously recorded reserves	(564)		2,139
Payments, net (a)	(6,669)		(4,765)
Balance, end of period	$	652,745	$	644,278

(a)    Includes net changes in amounts expected to be recovered from our insurance carriers, which are recorded in other assets (see below).

Estimates of anticipated recoveries of our costs under various insurance policies or from subcontractors or other third parties are recorded when recovery is considered probable. Such receivables are recorded in other assets and totaled $43.7 million at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Those receivables relate to costs incurred to perform corrective repairs, settle claims with customers, and other costs related to the continued progression of construction defect claims that we believe are insured. Given the complexity inherent with resolving construction defect claims in the homebuilding industry described above, there generally exists a significant lag between our payment of claims and our reimbursements from applicable insurance carriers or third parties.

Leases

We lease certain office space and equipment for use in our operations. We recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term and combine lease and non-lease components for all leases. Right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities are recorded on the balance sheet for all leases with an expected term of at least one year. Some leases include one or more options to renew. The exercise of lease renewal options is generally at our discretion. The depreciable lives of ROU assets and leasehold improvements are limited to the expected lease term. Certain of our lease agreements include rental payments based on a pro-rata share of the lessor’s operating costs which are variable in nature. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

ROU assets are classified within other assets on the balance sheet, while lease liabilities are classified within accrued and other liabilities. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. ROU assets and lease liabilities were $72.9 million and $89.4 million at March 31, 2023, respectively, and $73.5 million and $90.1 million at December 31, 2022, respectively. In the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded an additional $3.9 million and $0.5 million, respectively, of lease liabilities under operating leases. Payments on lease liabilities in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 totaled $5.4 million and $5.5 million, respectively.

Lease expense includes costs for leases with terms in excess of one year as well as short-term leases with terms of less than one year. In the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 our total lease expense was $14.2 million and $12.9 million, respectively, inclusive of variable lease costs of $3.0 million and $2.2 million, respectively, as well as short-term lease costs of $4.2 million and $5.1 million, respectively. Sublease income was de minimis.

The future minimum lease payments required under our leases as of March 31, 2023 were as follows ($000's omitted):

Years Ending December 31,
2023 (a)	$	20,806
2024	23,521
2025	15,765
2026	11,998
2027	9,414
Thereafter	15,639
Total lease payments (b)	97,143
Less: Interest (c)	(7,724)
Present value of lease liabilities (d)	$	89,419

(a)Remaining payments are for the nine months ending December 31, 2023.

(b)Lease payments include options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised and exclude $2.2 million of legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced at March 31, 2023.

(c)Our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, we must estimate our discount rate for such leases to determine the present value of lease payments at the lease commencement date.

(d)The weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate used in calculating our lease liabilities were 4.9 years and 5.4%, respectively, at March 31, 2023.

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Basis of Presentation (Policy)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Consolidation policy

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Use of estimates

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications

ReclassificationsEffective with our first quarter 2023 reporting, we reclassified our closing cost incentives provided to customers, including seller-paid financing costs, from home sale cost of revenues to home sale revenues. All prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. As a result, all sales incentives provided to customers are classified as a reduction of home sale revenues. This reclassification had the effect of reducing both home sale revenues and home sale cost of revenues by the amount of such closing cost incentives, which totaled $81.2 million and $38.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Subsequent events

Subsequent events

We evaluated subsequent events up until the time the financial statements were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").

Revenue recognition

Revenue recognition

Home sale revenues - Home sale revenues and related profit are generally recognized when title to and possession of the home are transferred to the buyer, and our performance obligation to deliver the agreed-upon home is generally satisfied at the home closing date. Home sale contract assets consist of cash from home closings held in escrow for our benefit, typically for less than five days, which are considered deposits in-transit and classified as cash. Contract liabilities include customer deposits related to sold but undelivered homes, which totaled $796.4 million and $783.6 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Substantially all of our home sales are scheduled to close and be recorded to revenue within one year from the date of receiving a customer deposit. See Note 8 for information on warranties and related obligations.

Land sale and other revenues - We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land sales are generally outright sales of specified land parcels with cash consideration due on the closing date, which is generally when performance obligations are satisfied. Revenues related to our construction services operations are generally recognized as materials are delivered and installation services are provided.

Financial services revenues - Loan origination fees, commitment fees, and discount points are recognized upon loan origination. Expected gains and losses from the sale of residential mortgage loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of interest rate lock commitments ("IRLCs") that are accounted for at fair value through Financial Services revenues at the time of commitment. Subsequent changes in the fair value of IRLCs and residential mortgage loans available for sale are reflected in Financial Services revenues as they occur. Interest income is accrued from the date a mortgage loan is originated until the loan is sold. Mortgage servicing fees represent fees earned for servicing loans. Servicing fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal balance and are credited to income when related mortgage payments are received.

Revenues associated with our title operations are recognized as closing services are rendered and title insurance policies are issued, both of which generally occur as each home is closed. Insurance brokerage commissions relate to commissions on homeowner and other insurance policies placed with third-party carriers through various agency channels. Our performance obligations for policy renewal commissions are considered satisfied upon issuance of the initial policy. The related contract assets for estimated future renewal commissions are included in other assets and totaled $61.9 million and $57.3 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Earnings per share

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders (the “Numerator”) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, adjusted for unvested shares (the “Denominator”) for the period. Computing diluted earnings per share is similar to computing basic earnings per share, except that the Denominator is increased to include the dilutive effects of unvested restricted share units and other potentially dilutive instruments.

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 260, "Earnings Per Share", the two-class method determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to an earnings allocation formula that adjusts the Numerator for dividends or dividend equivalents and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and, therefore, are included in computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Certain of our outstanding restricted share units and deferred shares are considered participating securities.

Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale

Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale

Substantially all of the loans originated by us are sold in the secondary mortgage market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, residential mortgage loans available-for-sale had an aggregate fair value of $420.6 million and $677.2 million, respectively, and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $420.7 million and $680.5 million, respectively. Net gains from the sale of mortgages were $20.6 million and $52.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and have been included in Financial Services revenues.

Derivative instruments and hedging activities

Derivative instruments and hedging activities

We are party to IRLCs with customers resulting from our mortgage origination operations. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had aggregate IRLCs of $766.0 million and $653.2 million, respectively, which were originated at interest rates prevailing at the date of commitment. Since we can terminate a loan commitment if the borrower does not comply with the terms of the contract, and some loan commitments may expire without being drawn upon, these commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

We hedge our exposure to interest rate market risk relating to residential mortgage loans available-for-sale and IRLCs using forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities, which are commitments to either purchase or sell a specified financial instrument at a specified future date for a specified price, and whole loan investor commitments, which are obligations of an investor to buy loans at a specified price within a specified time period. Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are the predominant derivative financial instruments we use to minimize market risk during the period from the time we extend an interest rate lock to a loan applicant until the time the loan is sold to an investor. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had unexpired forward contracts of $1.1 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively, and whole loan investor commitments of

$135.6 million and $285.9 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of IRLCs and other derivative financial instruments are recognized in Financial Services revenues, and the fair values are reflected in other assets or other liabilities, as applicable.We evaluate the creditworthiness of these transactions through our normal credit policies. There are no credit-risk-related contingent features within our derivative agreements, and counterparty risk is considered minimal. Gains and losses on IRLCs and residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are substantially offset by corresponding gains or losses on forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments. We are generally not exposed to variability in cash flows of derivative instruments for more than approximately 90 days.

Credit losses

Credit lossesWe are exposed to credit losses primarily through our vendors and insurance carriers. We assess and monitor each counterparty’s ability to pay amounts owed by considering contractual terms and conditions, the counterparty’s financial condition, macroeconomic factors, and business strategy.

New accounting pronouncements

New accounting pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)", as amended by ASU 2021-01 in January 2021, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by the cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The guidance was effective beginning March 12, 2020 and can be applied prospectively through December 31, 2024. We will adopt these standards when LIBOR is discontinued and do not expect that the adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or related disclosures.

Inventory interest capitalization

We capitalize interest cost into inventory during the active development and construction of our communities. In all periods presented, we capitalized substantially all Homebuilding interest costs into inventory because the level of our active inventory exceeded our debt levels.

Fair value of financial instruments

Fair values for agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on quoted market prices for comparable instruments. Fair values for non-agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on purchase commitments from whole loan investors and other relevant market information available to management. Fair values for IRLCs, including the value of servicing rights, and forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are valued based on market prices for similar instruments. Fair values for whole loan commitments are based on market prices for similar instruments from the specific whole loan investor.The carrying amounts of cash and equivalents, Financial Services debt and other notes payable approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature and/or floating interest rate terms. The fair values of senior notes are based on quoted market prices, when available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of similar issues. The carrying value of senior notes was $2.0 billion at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022

Letters of credit and surety bonds

Letters of credit and surety bondsIn the normal course of business, we post letters of credit and surety bonds pursuant to certain performance-related obligations, as security for certain land option agreements, and under various insurance programs. The majority of these letters of credit and surety bonds are in support of our land development and construction obligations to various municipalities, other government agencies, and utility companies related to the construction of roads, sewers, and other infrastructure. We had outstanding letters of credit and surety bonds totaling $288.8 million and $2.1 billion, respectively, at March 31, 2023 and $303.4 million and $2.2 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2022. In the event any such letter of credit or surety bond is drawn, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or surety bond. Our surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates; rather we are released from the surety bonds as the underlying contractual performance is completed. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to projects that have not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed.

Litigation and regulatory matters

Litigation and regulatory matters

We are involved in various litigation and legal claims in the normal course of our business operations, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants. We are also subject to a variety of local, state, and federal laws and regulations related to land development activities, house construction standards, sales practices, mortgage lending operations, employment practices, and protection of the environment. As a result, we are subject to periodic examination or inquiry by various governmental agencies that administer these laws and regulations.

We establish liabilities for litigation, legal claims, and regulatory matters when such matters are both probable of occurring and any potential loss is reasonably estimable. We accrue for such matters based on the facts and circumstances specific to each matter and revise these estimates as the matters evolve. In such cases, there may exist an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts currently accrued. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of these legal and regulatory matters, we generally cannot predict the ultimate resolution of the pending matters, the related timing, or the eventual loss. While the outcome of such contingencies cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the resolution of such matters will have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. However, to the extent the liability arising from the ultimate resolution of any matter exceeds the estimates reflected in the recorded reserves relating to such matter, we could incur additional charges that could be significant.

Allowance for warranties

Home buyers are provided with a limited warranty against certain building defects, including a one-year comprehensive limited warranty and coverage for certain other aspects of the home's construction and operating systems for periods of up to, and, in limited instances, exceeding, 10 years. We estimate the costs to be incurred under these warranties and record liabilities in the amount of such costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect our warranty liabilities include the number of homes sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and the projected cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of the warranty liabilities for each geographic market in which we operate and adjust the amounts as necessary. Actual warranty costs in the future could differ from the current estimates.

Self insured risks

Self-insured risks

We maintain, and require our subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance coverage. We also maintain builders' risk, property, errors and omissions, workers' compensation, and other business insurance coverage. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of the risk of loss from claims. However, we retain a significant portion of the overall risk for such claims either through policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries or through our own self-insured per occurrence and aggregate retentions, deductibles, and claims in excess of available insurance policy limits.

Our general liability insurance includes coverage for certain construction defects. While construction defect claims can relate to a variety of circumstances, the majority of our claims relate to alleged problems with siding, plumbing, foundations and other concrete work, windows, roofing, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. The availability of general liability insurance for the homebuilding industry and its subcontractors has become increasingly limited, and the insurance policies available require us to maintain significant per occurrence and aggregate retention levels. In certain instances, we may offer our subcontractors the opportunity to purchase insurance through one of our captive insurance subsidiaries or participate in a project-specific insurance program provided by us. Policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries represent self-insurance of these risks by us. A portion of this self-insured exposure is limited by reinsurance policies that we purchase. General liability coverage for the homebuilding industry is complex, and our coverage varies from policy year to policy year.

Our insurance coverage requires a per occurrence deductible up to an overall aggregate retention level. Beginning with the first dollar, amounts paid to satisfy insured claims generally apply to our per occurrence and aggregate retention obligations. Any amounts incurred in excess of the occurrence or aggregate retention levels are covered by insurance up to our purchased coverage levels. Our insurance policies, including the captive insurance subsidiaries' reinsurance policies, are maintained with highly-rated underwriters for whom we believe counterparty default risk is not significant.

At any point in time, we are managing numerous individual claims related to general liability, property, errors and omissions, workers' compensation, and other business insurance coverage. We reserve for costs associated with such claims (including expected claims management expenses) on an undiscounted basis at the time revenue is recognized for each home closing and periodically evaluate the recorded liabilities based on actuarial analyses of our historical claims. The actuarial analyses calculate estimates of the ultimate net cost of all unpaid losses, including estimates for incurred but not reported losses ("IBNR"). IBNR represents losses related to claims incurred but not yet reported plus development on reported claims.

Our recorded reserves for all such claims totaled $652.7 million and $635.9 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The recorded reserves include loss estimates related to both (i) existing claims and related claim expenses and (ii) IBNR and related claim expenses. Liabilities related to IBNR and related claim expenses represented approximately 73% and 74% of the total general liability reserves at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The actuarial analyses that determine the IBNR portion of reserves consider a variety of factors, including the frequency and severity of losses, which are based on our historical claims experience supplemented by industry data. The actuarial analyses of the reserves also consider historical third-party recovery rates and claims management expenses.

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Basis of Presentation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Other Expense (Income), Net

Other income (expense), net consists of the following ($000’s omitted): 

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs	$	(5,683)	$	(3,510)
Amortization of intangible assets	(2,670)		(2,821)
Interest income	7,096		388
Interest expense	(107)		(86)
Miscellaneous, net	3,182		2,670
Other income (expense), net	$	1,818	$	(3,359)

Schedule of Earnings Per Share

The following table presents the earnings per common share (000's omitted, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Numerator:
Net income	$	532,259	$	454,723
Less: earnings distributed to participating securities	(126)		(218)
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	(2,148)		(3,061)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	$	529,985	$	451,444
Add back: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	2,148		3,061
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to participating securities	(2,135)		(3,045)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$	529,998	$	451,460
Denominator:
Basic shares outstanding	225,127		245,796
Effect of dilutive securities	830		1,069
Diluted shares outstanding	225,957		246,865
Earnings per share:
Basic	$	2.35	$	1.84
Diluted	$	2.35	$	1.83

Schedule of Derivative Instruments in Statement of Financial Position, Fair Value

The fair values of derivative instruments and their locations in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized below ($000’s omitted): 

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Other Assets		Accrued and Other Liabilities		Other Assets		Accrued and Other Liabilities
Interest rate lock commitments	$	9,474	$	5,749	$	10,830	$	1,572
Forward contracts	4,029		8,236		4,144		20,853
Whole loan commitments	151		39		806		165
	$	13,654	$	14,024	$	15,780	$	22,590

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Inventory (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of Inventory

Major components of inventory were as follows ($000’s omitted): 

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Homes under construction	$	5,351,112	$	5,440,186
Land under development	5,346,687		5,134,432
Raw land	647,228		679,341
Consolidated inventory not owned (a)	86,850		72,058
	$	11,431,877	$	11,326,017

(a)    Consolidated inventory not owned includes land sold to third parties for which the Company retains a repurchase option.

Capitalized Interest Rollforward

Information related to interest capitalized into inventory is as follows ($000’s omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Interest in inventory, beginning of period	$	137,262	$	160,756
Interest capitalized	31,802		31,583
Interest expensed	(27,793)		(33,669)
Interest in inventory, end of period	$	141,271	$	158,670

Schedule Of Company Interests In Land Option Agreements

The following provides a summary of our interests in land option agreements as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 ($000’s omitted): 

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs		Remaining Purchase Price		Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs		Remaining Purchase Price
Land options with VIEs	$	218,460	$	1,860,020	$	213,895	$	2,130,398
Other land options	267,267		3,677,444		264,860		3,269,843
	$	485,727	$	5,537,464	$	478,755	$	5,400,241

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Segment Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Components of Reportable Segments

For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments:

Northeast:	Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia
Southeast:	Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
Florida:	Florida
Midwest:	Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio
Texas:	Texas
West:	Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Washington

Operating Data By Reporting Segment

	Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Revenues (a):
Northeast	$	220,648	$	162,327
Southeast	630,301		523,238
Florida	1,077,113		759,301
Midwest	393,870		447,902
Texas	486,393		438,854
West	709,378		733,754
	3,517,703		3,065,376
Financial Services	57,938		84,143
Consolidated revenues	$	3,575,641	$	3,149,519

	Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Northeast	$	46,797	$	27,399
Southeast	145,303		126,132
Florida	270,737		160,694
Midwest	58,904		64,743
Texas	80,065		83,716
West	99,577		133,269
Other homebuilding (b)	(13,163)		(36,653)
	688,220		559,300
Financial Services	13,902		40,593
Consolidated income before income taxes	$	702,122	$	599,893

(a)All periods reflect the reclassification of closing cost incentives to homes sale revenues from home sale cost of revenues (Note 1).

(b)Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets and capitalized interest and other items not allocated to the other segments.

	Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted)
	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Land-related charges (a):
Northeast	$	25	$	102
Southeast	2,359		1,902
Florida	2,013		972
Midwest	430		158
Texas	115		239
West	741		137
	$	5,683	$	3,510

(a)    Land-related charges include land impairments, net realizable value adjustments on land held for sale, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue.

Total Assets And Inventory By Reporting Segment

	Operating Data by Segment
	($000's omitted)
	March 31, 2023
	Homes Under Construction		Land Under Development		Raw Land		Consolidated Inventory Not Owned		Total Inventory		Total Assets
Northeast	$	319,080	$	306,062	$	31,522	$	—	$	656,664	$	756,249
Southeast	797,089		602,197		91,923		18,908		1,510,117		1,739,218
Florida (a)	1,481,876		1,072,349		126,088		61,500		2,741,813		3,246,605
Midwest	531,030		693,174		22,688		3,355		1,250,247		1,405,271
Texas	627,912		738,216		146,116		3,087		1,515,331		1,684,466
West	1,566,719		1,679,259		217,569		—		3,463,547		3,742,043
Other homebuilding (b)	27,406		255,430		11,322		—		294,158		1,672,336
	5,351,112		5,346,687		647,228		86,850		11,431,877		14,246,188
Financial Services	—		—		—		—		—		584,854
	$	5,351,112	$	5,346,687	$	647,228	$	86,850	$	11,431,877	$	14,831,042
	December 31, 2022
	Homes Under Construction		Land Under Development		Raw Land		Consolidated Inventory Not Owned		Total Inventory		Total Assets
Northeast	$	321,687	$	241,897	$	45,455	$	—	$	609,039	$	700,413
Southeast	793,539		544,867		102,336		20,169		1,460,911		1,668,053
Florida (a)	1,417,657		1,081,836		125,253		51,889		2,676,635		3,195,091
Midwest	523,194		689,541		22,467		—		1,235,202		1,382,227
Texas	690,622		726,342		133,300		—		1,550,264		1,735,683
West	1,662,251		1,528,863		238,758		—		3,429,872		3,771,808
Other homebuilding (b)	31,236		321,086		11,772		—		364,094		1,470,919
	5,440,186		5,134,432		679,341		72,058		11,326,017		13,924,194
Financial Services	—		—		—		—		—		872,321
	$	5,440,186	$	5,134,432	$	679,341	$	72,058	$	11,326,017	$	14,796,515

(a)Florida includes goodwill of $28.6 million, net of a goodwill impairment charge of $20.2 million during 2020.

(b)Other homebuilding primarily includes cash and equivalents, capitalized interest, intangibles, deferred tax assets, and other corporate items that are not allocated to the operating segments. Other homebuilding also includes goodwill of $40.4 million.

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Debt (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Senior Notes

Our notes payable are summarized as follows ($000’s omitted):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
5.500% unsecured senior notes due March 2026 (a)	$	500,000	$	500,000
5.000% unsecured senior notes due January 2027 (a)	500,000		500,000
7.875% unsecured senior notes due June 2032 (a)	300,000		300,000
6.375% unsecured senior notes due May 2033 (a)	400,000		400,000
6.000% unsecured senior notes due February 2035 (a)	300,000		300,000
Net premiums, discounts, and issuance costs (b)	(9,341)		(9,701)
Total senior notes	$	1,990,659	$	1,990,299
Other notes payable	50,978		55,228
Notes payable	$	2,041,637	$	2,045,527
Estimated fair value	$	2,120,458	$	2,079,218

(a)Redeemable prior to maturity; guaranteed on a senior basis by certain wholly-owned subsidiaries.

(b)The carrying value of senior notes reflects the impact of premiums, discounts, and issuance costs that are amortized to interest cost over the respective terms of the senior notes.

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Fair Value Disclosures Fair Value Disclosures (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis

Our assets and liabilities measured or disclosed at fair value are summarized below ($000’s omitted): 

Financial Instrument	Fair Value Hierarchy	Fair Value
		March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale	Level 2	$	420,638	$	677,207
IRLCs	Level 2	3,725		9,258
Forward contracts	Level 2	(4,207)		(16,709)
Whole loan commitments	Level 2	112		641
Measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:
House and land inventory	Level 3	$	—	$	10,873
Disclosed at fair value:
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	Level 1	$	1,326,854	$	1,094,553
Financial Services debt	Level 2	324,447		586,711
Senior notes payable	Level 2	2,069,480		2,023,990
Other notes payable	Level 2	50,978		55,228

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Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Changes in Warranty Liability

Changes to warranty liabilities were as follows ($000’s omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Warranty liabilities, beginning of period	$	108,348	$	107,117
Reserves provided	20,371		19,692
Payments	(24,134)		(19,674)
Other adjustments	1,395		(495)
Warranty liabilities, end of period	$	105,980	$	106,640

Summary of Changes in Self-Insurance Liability

Changes in these liabilities were as follows ($000's omitted):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023		2022
Balance, beginning of period	$	635,857	$	627,067
Reserves provided	24,121		19,837
Adjustments to previously recorded reserves	(564)		2,139
Payments, net (a)	(6,669)		(4,765)
Balance, end of period	$	652,745	$	644,278

(a)    Includes net changes in amounts expected to be recovered from our insurance carriers, which are recorded in other assets (see below).

Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments Required Under Leases

The future minimum lease payments required under our leases as of March 31, 2023 were as follows ($000's omitted):

Years Ending December 31,
2023 (a)	$	20,806
2024	23,521
2025	15,765
2026	11,998
2027	9,414
Thereafter	15,639
Total lease payments (b)	97,143
Less: Interest (c)	(7,724)
Present value of lease liabilities (d)	$	89,419

(a)Remaining payments are for the nine months ending December 31, 2023.

(b)Lease payments include options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised and exclude $2.2 million of legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced at March 31, 2023.

(c)Our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, we must estimate our discount rate for such leases to determine the present value of lease payments at the lease commencement date.

(d)The weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate used in calculating our lease liabilities were 4.9 years and 5.4%, respectively, at March 31, 2023.

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Basis of Presentation (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Customer deposits	$ 796,384		$ 783,556
Contract asset insurance renewals	61,900		57,300
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale fair value	420,638		677,207
Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale aggregate outstanding principal balance	420,700		680,500
Net gains from the sale of mortgages	$ 20,600	$ 52,400
Variability in future cash flows of derivative instruments in days	90 days
Assets In-Scope Under Accounting Standards Codification 326	$ 208,900		222,900
Home sale revenues | Homebuilding | Revision of Prior Period, Reclassification, Adjustment
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Closing cost incentives	81,200	$ (38,100)
Interest rate lock commitments
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Derivative, notional amount	766,000		653,200
Forward contracts
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Derivative, notional amount	1,100,000		1,000,000
Whole loan commitments
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Derivative, notional amount	$ 135,600		$ 285,900

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Basis of Presentation (Other Expense (Income), Net) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs	$ (5,683)	$ (3,510)
Amortization of intangible assets	(2,670)	(2,821)
Interest income	7,096	388
Interest expense	(107)	(86)
Miscellaneous, net	3,182	2,670
Other income (expense), net	$ 1,818	$ (3,359)

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Basis of Presentation (Earnings per share) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Numerator:
Net income	$ 532,259	$ 454,723
Less: earnings distributed to participating securities	(126)	(218)
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	(2,148)	(3,061)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	529,985	451,444
Add back: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	2,148	3,061
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to participating securities	(2,135)	(3,045)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$ 529,998	$ 451,460
Denominator:
Basic shares outstanding (shares)	225,127	245,796
Effect of dilutive securities (shares)	830	1,069
Diluted shares outstanding (shares)	225,957	246,865
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Basic earnings (usd per share)	$ 2.35	$ 1.84
Diluted earnings (usd per share)	$ 2.35	$ 1.83

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Basis of Presentation (Fair Value Of the Company's Derivative Instruments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value, Off-balance Sheet Risks, Disclosure Information [Line Items]
Other Assets	$ 13,654	$ 15,780
Accrued and Other Liabilities	14,024	22,590
Interest rate lock commitments
Fair Value, Off-balance Sheet Risks, Disclosure Information [Line Items]
Other Assets	9,474	10,830
Accrued and Other Liabilities	5,749	1,572
Forward contracts
Fair Value, Off-balance Sheet Risks, Disclosure Information [Line Items]
Other Assets	4,029	4,144
Accrued and Other Liabilities	8,236	20,853
Whole loan commitments
Fair Value, Off-balance Sheet Risks, Disclosure Information [Line Items]
Other Assets	151	806
Accrued and Other Liabilities	$ 39	$ 165

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Inventory (Major Components Of Inventory) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Homes under construction	$ 5,351,112	$ 5,440,186
Land under development	5,346,687	5,134,432
Raw land	647,228	679,341
Consolidated inventory not owned	86,850	72,058
Total Inventory	$ 11,431,877	$ 11,326,017

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Inventory (Information Related To Interest Capitalized Into Homebuilding Inventory) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Real Estate Inventory, Capitalized Interest Costs [Roll Forward]
Interest in inventory, beginning of period	$ 137,262	$ 160,756
Interest capitalized	31,802	31,583
Interest expensed	(27,793)	(33,669)
Interest in inventory, end of period	$ 141,271	$ 158,670

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Inventory (Summary of Interests in Land Option Agreements) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs	$ 485,727	$ 478,755
Remaining Purchase Price	5,537,464	5,400,241
Land options with VIEs
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs	218,460	213,895
Remaining Purchase Price	1,860,020	2,130,398
Other land options
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs	267,267	264,860
Remaining Purchase Price	$ 3,677,444	$ 3,269,843

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Inventory (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs	$ 5,683	$ 3,510

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Segment Information (Narrative) (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments	6

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Segment Information (Operating Data By Segment) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 3,575,641	$ 3,149,519
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Income before income taxes	702,122	599,893
Homebuilding
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Income before income taxes	688,220	559,300
Homebuilding | Northeast
Revenues:
Revenues	220,648	162,327
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Income before income taxes	46,797	27,399
Homebuilding | Southeast
Revenues:
Revenues	630,301	523,238
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Income before income taxes	145,303	126,132
Homebuilding | Florida
Revenues:
Revenues	1,077,113	759,301
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Income before income taxes	270,737	160,694
Homebuilding | Midwest
Revenues:
Revenues	393,870	447,902
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Income before income taxes	58,904	64,743
Homebuilding | Texas
Revenues:
Revenues	486,393	438,854
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Income before income taxes	80,065	83,716
Homebuilding | West
Revenues:
Revenues	709,378	733,754
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Income before income taxes	99,577	133,269
Homebuilding | Other homebuilding
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Income before income taxes	(13,163)	(36,653)
Homebuilding | Homebuilding
Revenues:
Revenues	3,517,703	3,065,376
Financial Services | Financial Services
Revenues:
Revenues	57,938	84,143
Income (loss) before income taxes:
Income before income taxes	$ 13,902	$ 40,593

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Segment Information (Land-Related Charges by Segment) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Land-related charges	$ 5,683	$ 3,510
Northeast
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Land-related charges	25	102
Southeast
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Land-related charges	2,359	1,902
Florida
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Land-related charges	2,013	972
Midwest
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Land-related charges	430	158
Texas
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Land-related charges	115	239
West
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Land-related charges	$ 741	$ 137

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Segment Information (Total Assets And Inventory By Reportable Segment) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting Information
Homes under construction	$ 5,351,112	$ 5,440,186
Land under development	5,346,687	5,134,432
Raw land	647,228	679,341
Consolidated Inventory Not Owned	86,850	72,058
Total Inventory	11,431,877	11,326,017
Total Assets	14,831,042	14,796,515
Goodwill	68,930	68,930
Florida
Segment Reporting Information
Goodwill	28,600
Goodwill impairment charge	(20,200)
Other homebuilding
Segment Reporting Information
Goodwill	40,400
Financial Services
Segment Reporting Information
Homes under construction	0	0
Land under development	0	0
Raw land	0	0
Consolidated Inventory Not Owned	0	0
Total Inventory	0	0
Total Assets	584,854	872,321
Home sale revenues
Segment Reporting Information
Homes under construction	5,351,112	5,440,186
Land under development	5,346,687	5,134,432
Raw land	647,228	679,341
Consolidated Inventory Not Owned	86,850	72,058
Total Inventory	11,431,877	11,326,017
Total Assets	14,246,188	13,924,194
Home sale revenues | Northeast
Segment Reporting Information
Homes under construction	319,080	321,687
Land under development	306,062	241,897
Raw land	31,522	45,455
Consolidated Inventory Not Owned	0	0
Total Inventory	656,664	609,039
Total Assets	756,249	700,413
Home sale revenues | Southeast
Segment Reporting Information
Homes under construction	797,089	793,539
Land under development	602,197	544,867
Raw land	91,923	102,336
Consolidated Inventory Not Owned	18,908	20,169
Total Inventory	1,510,117	1,460,911
Total Assets	1,739,218	1,668,053
Home sale revenues | Florida
Segment Reporting Information
Homes under construction	1,481,876	1,417,657
Land under development	1,072,349	1,081,836
Raw land	126,088	125,253
Consolidated Inventory Not Owned	61,500	51,889
Total Inventory	2,741,813	2,676,635
Total Assets	3,246,605	3,195,091
Home sale revenues | Midwest
Segment Reporting Information
Homes under construction	531,030	523,194
Land under development	693,174	689,541
Raw land	22,688	22,467
Consolidated Inventory Not Owned	3,355	0
Total Inventory	1,250,247	1,235,202
Total Assets	1,405,271	1,382,227
Home sale revenues | Texas
Segment Reporting Information
Homes under construction	627,912	690,622
Land under development	738,216	726,342
Raw land	146,116	133,300
Consolidated Inventory Not Owned	3,087	0
Total Inventory	1,515,331	1,550,264
Total Assets	1,684,466	1,735,683
Home sale revenues | West
Segment Reporting Information
Homes under construction	1,566,719	1,662,251
Land under development	1,679,259	1,528,863
Raw land	217,569	238,758
Consolidated Inventory Not Owned	0	0
Total Inventory	3,463,547	3,429,872
Total Assets	3,742,043	3,771,808
Home sale revenues | Other homebuilding
Segment Reporting Information
Homes under construction	27,406	31,236
Land under development	255,430	321,086
Raw land	11,322	11,772
Consolidated Inventory Not Owned	0	0
Total Inventory	294,158	364,094
Total Assets	$ 1,672,336	$ 1,470,919

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Debt (Summary of Senior Notes) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Net premiums, discounts, and issuance costs (b)	$ (9,341)	$ (9,701)
Total senior notes	1,990,659	1,990,299
Other notes payable	50,978	55,228
Notes payable	2,041,637	2,045,527
Estimated fair value	$ 2,120,458	2,079,218
Senior Notes | 5.500% unsecured senior notes due March 2026
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Stated interest rate	5.50%
Face amount	$ 500,000	500,000
Senior Notes | 5.000% unsecured senior notes due January 2027
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Stated interest rate	5.00%
Face amount	$ 500,000	500,000
Senior Notes | 7.875% unsecured senior notes due June 2032
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Stated interest rate	7.875%
Face amount	$ 300,000	300,000
Senior Notes | 6.375% unsecured senior notes due May 2033
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Stated interest rate	6.375%
Face amount	$ 400,000	400,000
Senior Notes | 6.000% unsecured senior notes due February 2035
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Stated interest rate	6.00%
Face amount	$ 300,000	$ 300,000

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Debt (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Other notes payable	$ 50,978,000			$ 55,228,000
Current borrowing capacity	1,300,000,000
Maximum borrowing capacity	1,800,000,000
Revolving credit facility	0
Letters of credit outstanding	288,800,000			303,400,000
Line of credit facility, remaining borrowing capacity	961,200,000			946,600,000
Financial Services debt	324,447,000			586,711,000
Joint Venture Debt | Joint Venture
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Joint venture debt outstanding	$ 80,600,000
Joint Venture Debt | Joint Venture | Joint Venture with 50% Interest
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Ownership interest	50.00%
Joint Venture Debt | Joint Venture | Joint Venture with 50% Interest
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Joint venture debt outstanding	$ 42,000,000
Notes Payables
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Other notes payable	$ 51,000,000			55,200,000
Debt instrument term	4 years
Notes payable issued to acquire land inventory	$ 6,700,000	$ 700,000
Financial Services
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, remaining borrowing capacity	$ 35,600,000			$ 213,300,000
Short-Term Debt, Weighted Average Interest Rate, at Point in Time	6.18%			5.39%
Revolving Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility				$ 0
Line of Credit | Financial Services
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Financial Services debt	$ 324,400,000			$ 586,700,000
Line of Credit | Amendment Effective September 24, 2018 through and including December 25, 2018 | Financial Services
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 500,000,000		$ 360,000,000
Maximum | Notes Payables
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	6.00%

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Shareholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Apr. 24, 2023	Jan. 31, 2022
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Dividends	$ 36,139,000	$ 36,512,000
Payments for repurchase of common stock	$ 150,000,000	$ 500,000,000
Increase in share repurchase authorization				$ 1,000,000,000
Subsequent Event
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Increase in share repurchase authorization			$ 1,000,000,000
Share repurchase plan
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Share repurchases (shares)	2.8	10.3
Payments for repurchase of common stock	$ 150,000,000	$ 500,000,000
Remaining value of stock repurchase programs authorization	232,900,000
Shares withheld to pay taxes
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Payments for repurchase of common stock	$ 10,100,000	$ 13,600,000

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Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective income tax	24.20%
Deferred tax liabilities	$ (161.3)	$ (133.1)
Gross unrecognized tax benefits	23.6
Accrued interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits	$ 4.6	$ 4.1

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Fair Value Disclosures (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Disclosed at fair value:
Financial Services debt	$ 324,447	$ 586,711
Other notes payable	50,978	55,228
Level 2
Disclosed at fair value:
Financial Services debt	324,447	586,711
Senior notes payable	2,069,480	2,023,990
Level 1
Disclosed at fair value:
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	1,326,854	1,094,553
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale | Level 2
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Assets, fair value	420,638	677,207
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Interest rate lock commitments | Level 2
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Liabilities, fair value	3,725	9,258
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Forward contracts | Level 2
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Liabilities, fair value	(4,207)	(16,709)
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring | Whole loan commitments | Level 2
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Liabilities, fair value	112	641
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring | Level 3 | Land sale and other revenues
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Assets, fair value	$ 0	$ 10,873

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Fair Value Disclosures - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Carrying value of senior notes	$ 1,990,659	$ 1,990,299
Carrying value
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Carrying value of senior notes	$ 2,000,000	$ 2,000,000

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Commitments and Contingencies (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 288,800		$ 303,400
Surety bonds outstanding	$ 2,100,000		2,200,000
Maximum product warranty in years	10 years
Self-insurance liabilities	$ 652,745	$ 644,278	$ 635,857	$ 627,067
Incurred but not reported percentage of liability reserves	73.00%		74.00%
ROU assets	$ 72,900		$ 73,500
Operating lease liabilities	89,419		$ 90,100
Additional ROU assets under operating leases	3,900	500
Payments on lease liabilities	5,400	5,500
Total lease expense	14,200	12,900
Variable lease costs	3,000	2,200
Short-term lease costs	4,200	$ 5,100
Other Assets
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Recorded insurance receivables	$ 43,700

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Commitments and Contingencies (Changes To Warranty Liability) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Movement in Standard Product Warranty Accrual [Roll Forward]
Warranty liabilities, beginning of period	$ 108,348	$ 107,117
Reserves provided	20,371	19,692
Payments	(24,134)	(19,674)
Other adjustments	1,395	(495)
Warranty liabilities, end of period	$ 105,980	$ 106,640

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Commitments and Contingencies (Changes in Self-insurance Liability) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Changes in Self-insurance Liability [Roll Forward]
Balance, beginning of period	$ 635,857	$ 627,067
Reserves provided	24,121	19,837
Adjustments to previously recorded reserves	(564)	2,139
Payments, net	(6,669)	(4,765)
Balance, end of period	$ 652,745	$ 644,278

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Commitments and Contingencies (Future Minimum Lease Payments Required Under Leases) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2023	$ 20,806
2024	23,521
2025	15,765
2026	11,998
2027000	9,414
Thereafter	15,639
Total lease payments	97,143
Less: Interest	(7,724)
Present value of lease liabilities	89,419	$ 90,100
Legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced	$ 2,200
Weighted average remaining lease term	4 years 10 months 24 days
Weighted average discount rate	5.40%