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Derivatives
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivatives Derivatives
Commodity Derivatives
We utilize commodity derivative contracts to manage our price exposure in our inventory positions, future purchases of crude oil, future purchases and sales of refined products, and crude oil consumption in our refining process. The derivative contracts that we execute to manage our price risk include exchange traded futures, options, and OTC swaps. Our futures, options, and OTC swaps are marked-to-market and changes in the fair value of these contracts are recognized within Cost of revenues (excluding depreciation) on our consolidated statements of operations.
We are obligated to repurchase the crude oil and refined products from J. Aron at the termination of the Supply and Offtake Agreements. Our Washington Refinery Intermediation Agreement contains forward purchase obligations for certain volumes of crude oil and refined products that are required to be settled at market prices on a monthly basis. We have determined that these obligations under the Supply and Offtake Agreements and Washington Refinery Intermediation Agreement contain embedded derivatives. As such, we have accounted for these embedded derivatives at fair value with changes in the fair value recorded in Cost of revenues (excluding depreciation) on our consolidated statements of operations.
We have entered into forward purchase contracts for crude oil and forward purchases and sales contracts of refined products. We elect the normal purchases normal sales (“NPNS”) exception for all forward contracts that meet the definition of a derivative and are not expected to net settle. Any gains and losses with respect to these forward contracts designated as NPNS are not reflected in earnings until the delivery occurs.
We elect to offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting agreement. Our consolidated balance sheets present derivative assets and liabilities on a net basis. Please read Note 14—Fair Value Measurements for the gross fair value and net carrying value of our derivative instruments. Our cash margin that is required as collateral deposits cannot be offset against the fair value of open contracts except in the event of default.
Our open futures expire at various dates through October 2020. At December 31, 2019, our open commodity derivative contracts represented (in thousands of barrels):
Contract type
 
Purchases
 
Sales
 
Net
Futures
 
3,360

 
(3,100
)
 
260

Total
 
3,360

 
(3,100
)
 
260


At December 31, 2019, we also had option collars of 75 thousand barrels of crude oil per month that economically hedge our internally consumed fuel at our Hawaii refineries. These option collars have a weighted-average strike price ranging from a floor of $48.77 per barrel to a ceiling of $65.00 per barrel and expire in December 2020.
Interest Rate Derivatives
We are exposed to interest rate volatility in our ABL Revolver, Term Loan B Facility, Retail Property Term Loan, Supply and Offtake Agreements, and Washington Refinery Intermediation Agreement. We may utilize interest rate swaps to manage our
interest rate risk. As of December 31, 2019, we had entered into an interest rate swap at an average fixed rate of 3.91% in exchange for the floating interest rate on the notional amounts due under the Retail Property Term Loan. This swap expires on April 1, 2024, the maturity date of the Retail Property Term Loan. In February 2018, we terminated a separate $100 million floating interest rate swap originally maturing in March 2021, which resulted in a realized gain of $3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.
In June 2016, we completed the issuance and sale of an aggregate of $115.0 million principal amount of the 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes. Please read Note 12—Debt for further discussion. Upon redemption of our 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes on or after June 20, 2019 at our election, we are obligated to pay a make-whole premium equal to the present value of the remaining scheduled payments of interest on the 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes to be redeemed from the relevant redemption date to the maturity date of June 15, 2021. We have determined that the redemption option and the related make-whole premium represent an embedded derivative that is not clearly and closely related to the 5.00% Convertible Senior Notes. As such, we have accounted for this embedded derivative at fair value with changes in the fair value recorded in Interest expense and financing costs, net on our consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2019, this embedded derivative was deemed to have a de minimis fair value.
The following table provides information on the fair value amounts (in thousands) of these derivatives as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 and their placement within our consolidated balance sheets.
 
 
 
December 31,
 
Balance Sheet Location
 
2019
 
2018
 
 
 
Asset (Liability)
Commodity derivatives (1)
Prepaid and other current assets
 
$
2,075

 
$
4,973

Commodity derivatives
Other accrued liabilities
 
(5,534
)
 
(700
)
J. Aron repurchase obligation derivative
Obligations under inventory financing agreements
 
173

 
4,085

MLC terminal obligation derivative
Obligations under inventory financing agreements
 
(14,717
)
 
—

Interest rate derivatives
Prepaid and other current assets
 
—

 
191

Interest rate derivatives
Other accrued liabilities
 
(314
)
 
—

Interest rate derivatives
Other liabilities
 
(1,113
)
 
—

_________________________________________________________
(1)
Does not include cash collateral of $10.3 million and $2.7 million recorded in Prepaid and other current assets and $9.5 million and $8.3 million in Other long-term assets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
The following table summarizes the pre-tax gains (losses) recognized in Net income (loss) on our consolidated statements of operations resulting from changes in fair value of derivative instruments not designated as hedges charged directly to earnings (in thousands):
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
Statement of Operations Classification
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Commodity derivatives
Cost of revenues (excluding depreciation)
 
$
(1,547
)
 
$
(3,420
)
 
$
(4,517
)
J. Aron repurchase obligation derivative
Cost of revenues (excluding depreciation)
 
(3,912
)
 
23,649

 
436

MLC terminal obligation derivative
Cost of revenues (excluding depreciation)
 
(19,326
)
 
—

 
—

Interest rate derivatives
Interest expense and financing costs, net
 
(1,506
)
 
1,309

 
489