Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Recurring Fair Value Measurements. As more fully discussed in Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in EOG's 2023 Annual Report, certain of EOG's financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities are reported at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table provides fair value measurement information within the fair value hierarchy for certain of EOG's financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in millions):


	Fair Value Measurements Using:
	Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total
At March 31, 2024
Financial Assets:
Natural Gas Swaps	$	—	$	109	$	—	$	109
Natural Gas Basis Swaps	—		2		—		2
Brent Crude Oil (Brent) Linked Gas Sales Contract	—		—		144		144
Financial Liabilities:
Natural Gas Swaps	—		71		—		71

At December 31, 2023
Financial Assets:
Natural Gas Swaps	$	—	$	105	$	—	$	105
Natural Gas Basis Swaps	—		2		—		2
Financial Liabilities:
Natural Gas Swaps	—		104		—		104

See Note 12 for the balance sheet amounts and classification of EOG's financial commodity and other derivative instruments at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The estimated fair value of financial commodity and other derivative contracts was based upon forward commodity price curves based on quoted market prices. For the Brent Linked Gas Contract, the estimated fair value was based on EOG's estimate of (and assumptions regarding) significant Level 3 inputs, including future crude oil and natural gas prices. These Level 3 inputs are immaterial to the financial statements. Financial commodity and other derivative contracts were valued utilizing an independent third-party derivative valuation provider who uses various types of valuation models, as applicable.

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements. The initial measurement of asset retirement obligations at fair value is calculated using discounted cash flow techniques and is based on internal estimates of future retirement costs associated with property, plant and equipment. Significant Level 3 inputs used in the calculation of asset retirement obligations include plugging costs and reserve lives. A reconciliation of EOG's asset retirement obligations is presented in Note 6.

When circumstances indicate that proved oil and gas properties may be impaired, EOG compares expected undiscounted future cash flows at a depreciation, depletion and amortization group level to the unamortized capitalized cost of the group. If the expected undiscounted future cash flows, based on EOG's estimate of (and assumptions regarding) significant Level 3 inputs, including future crude oil, natural gas liquids (NGLs) and natural gas prices, operating costs, development expenditures, anticipated production from proved reserves and other relevant data, are lower than the unamortized capitalized cost, the capitalized cost is reduced to fair value. Fair value is generally calculated using the Income Approach described in the Financial Accounting Standards Board's Fair Value Measurement Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC). In certain instances, EOG utilizes accepted offers from third-party purchasers as the basis for determining fair value.

EOG utilized average prices per acre from comparable market transactions and estimated discounted cash flows as the basis for determining the fair value of unproved and proved properties, respectively, received in non-cash property exchanges. See Note 4.

Fair Value Disclosures. EOG's financial instruments, other than financial commodity and other derivative contracts, consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and current and long-term debt. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value.

At both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, EOG had outstanding $3,640 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes, which had estimated fair values at such dates of approximately $3,520 million and $3,574 million, respectively. The estimated fair value of debt was based upon quoted market prices and, where such prices were not available, other observable (Level 2) inputs regarding interest rates available to EOG at the end of each respective period.

Natural Gas Sales Linked to Brent Crude Oil. In February 2024, EOG entered into a 10-year agreement, commencing in 2027, to sell 180,000 million British Thermal Units per day (MMBtud) of its domestic natural gas production, with 140,000 MMBtud to be sold at a price indexed to Brent and the remaining volumes to be sold at a price indexed to Brent or a U.S. Gulf Coast gas index. It was determined that this agreement meets the definition of a derivative under the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the ASC and does not qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception. As such, this agreement is accounted for as a derivative using the mark-to-market accounting method. Changes in the fair value are recognized as gains or losses in the period of change on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.