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Risk Management Activities (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Risk Management Activities Risk Management Activities
Commodity Price Risks.  EOG engages in price risk management activities from time to time.  These activities are intended to manage EOG's exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices for crude oil, NGLs and natural gas.  EOG utilizes financial commodity derivative instruments, primarily price swap, option, swaption, collar and basis swap contracts, as a means to manage this price risk. 

During 2020, 2019 and 2018, EOG elected not to designate any of its financial commodity derivative contracts as accounting hedges and, accordingly, accounted for these financial commodity derivative contracts using the mark-to-market accounting method.  Under this accounting method, changes in the fair value of outstanding financial instruments are recognized as gains or losses in the period of change and are recorded as Gains (Losses) on Mark-to-Market Commodity Derivative Contracts on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss).  The related cash flow impact is reflected in Cash Flows from Operating Activities.  During 2020, 2019 and 2018, EOG recognized net gains (losses) on the mark-to-market of financial commodity derivative contracts of $1,145 million, $180 million and $(166) million, respectively, which included cash received from (payments for) settlements of crude oil, NGLs and natural gas derivative contracts of $1,071 million, $231 million and $(259) million, respectively.

Crude Oil Derivative Contracts. Prices received by EOG for its crude oil production generally vary from U.S. New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) West Texas Intermediate (WTI) prices due to adjustments for delivery location (basis) and other factors. EOG has entered into crude oil basis swap contracts in order to fix the differential between Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) Brent pricing and pricing in Cushing, Oklahoma (ICE Brent Differential). Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's ICE Brent Differential basis swap contracts as of December 31, 2020. The weighted average price differential expressed in dollars per barrel ($/Bbl) represents the amount of addition to Cushing, Oklahoma, prices for the notional volumes expressed in barrels per day (Bbld) covered by the basis swap contracts.
ICE Brent Differential Basis Swap Contracts
 Volume (Bbld)Weighted Average Price Differential
($/Bbl)
2020
May 2020 (closed)10,000 $4.92 

EOG has also entered into crude oil basis swap contracts in order to fix the differential between pricing in Houston, Texas, and Cushing, Oklahoma (Houston Differential). Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's Houston Differential basis swap contracts as of December 31, 2020. The weighted average price differential expressed in $/Bbl represents the amount of addition to Cushing, Oklahoma, prices for the notional volumes expressed in Bbld covered by the basis swap contracts.
Houston Differential Basis Swap Contracts
 Volume (Bbld)Weighted Average Price Differential
($/Bbl)
2020
May 2020 (closed)10,000 $1.55 
EOG has also entered into crude oil swaps in order to fix the differential in pricing between the NYMEX calendar month average and the physical crude oil delivery month (Roll Differential). Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's Roll Differential basis swap contracts as of December 31, 2020. The weighted average price differential expressed in $/Bbl represents the amount of net addition (reduction) to delivery month prices for the notional volumes expressed in Bbld covered by the swap contracts.

Roll Differential Basis Swap Contracts
 Volume (Bbld)Weighted Average Price Differential
($/Bbl)
2020
February 1, 2020 through June 30, 2020 (closed)10,000 $0.70 
July 1, 2020 through September 30, 2020 (closed)88,000 (1.16)
October 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020 (closed)66,000 (1.16)
2021
February 1, 2021 through December 31, 202125,000 $0.10 
2022
January 1, 2022 through December 31, 202250,000 $0.11 

In May 2020, EOG entered into crude oil Roll Differential basis swap contracts for the period from July 1, 2020 through September 30, 2020, with notional volumes of 22,000 Bbld at a weighted average price differential of $(0.43) per Bbl, and for the period from October 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, with notional volumes of 44,000 Bbld at a weighted average price differential of $(0.73) per Bbl. These contracts partially offset certain outstanding Roll Differential basis swap contracts for the same time periods and volumes at a weighted average price differential of $(1.16) per Bbl. EOG paid net cash of $3.2 million for the settlement of these contracts. The offsetting contracts were excluded from the above table.

Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's crude oil NYMEX WTI price swap contracts as of December 31, 2020, with notional volumes expressed in Bbld and prices expressed in $/Bbl.
Crude Oil NYMEX WTI Price Swap Contracts
 Volume (Bbld)Weighted Average Price ($/Bbl)
2020
January 1, 2020 through March 31, 2020 (closed)200,000 $59.33 
April 1, 2020 through May 31, 2020 (closed)265,000 51.36 

In April and May 2020, EOG entered into crude oil NYMEX WTI price swap contracts for the period from June 1, 2020 through June 30, 2020, with notional volumes of 265,000 Bbld at a weighted average price of $33.80 per Bbl, for the period from July 1, 2020 through July 31, 2020, with notional volumes of 254,000 Bbld at a weighted average price of $33.75 per Bbl, for the period from August 1, 2020 through September 30, 2020, with notional volumes of 154,000 Bbld at a weighted average price of $34.18 per Bbl and for the period from October 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, with notional volumes of 47,000 Bbld at a weighted average price of $30.04 per Bbl. These contracts offset the remaining crude oil NYMEX WTI price swap contracts for the same time periods and volumes at a weighted average price of $51.36 per Bbl for the period from June 1, 2020 through June 30, 2020, $42.36 per Bbl for the period from July 1, 2020 through July 31, 2020, $50.42 per Bbl for the period from August 1, 2020 through September 30, 2020 and $31.00 per Bbl for the period from October 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020. EOG received net cash of $362.6 million through December 31, 2020, for the settlement of certain of these contracts, and expects to receive net cash of $1.4 million during January 2021 for the settlement of the remaining contracts. The offsetting contracts were excluded from the above table.
Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's crude oil ICE Brent price swap contracts as of December 31, 2020, with notional volumes expressed in Bbld and prices expressed in $/Bbl.

Crude Oil ICE Brent Price Swap Contracts
 Volume (Bbld)Weighted Average Price ($/Bbl)
2020
April 2020 (closed)75,000 $25.66 
May 2020 (closed)35,000 26.53 

NGLs Derivative Contracts. Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's Mont Belvieu propane (non-TET) price swap contracts as of December 31, 2020, with notional volumes expressed in Bbld and prices expressed in $/Bbl.
Mont Belvieu Propane Price Swap Contracts
 Volume (Bbld)Weighted Average Price ($/Bbl)
2020
January 1, 2020 through February 29, 2020 (closed)4,000 $21.34 
March 1, 2020 through April 30, 2020 (closed)25,000 17.92

In April and May 2020, EOG entered into Mont Belvieu propane price swap contracts for the period from May 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, with notional volumes of 25,000 Bbld at a weighted average price of $16.41 per Bbl. These contracts offset the remaining Mont Belvieu propane price swap contracts for the same time period with notional volumes of 25,000 Bbld at a weighted average price of $17.92 per Bbl. EOG received net cash of $8.0 million through December 31, 2020, for the settlement of certain of these contracts, and expects to receive net cash of $1.2 million during January 2021 for the settlement of the remaining contracts. The offsetting contracts were excluded from the above table.

Natural Gas Derivative Contracts. Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's natural gas NYMEX Henry Hub price swap contracts as of December 31, 2020, with notional volumes sold (purchased) expressed in million British thermal units (MMBtu) per day (MMBtud) and prices expressed in dollars per MMBtu ($/MMBtu).
Natural Gas NYMEX Henry Hub Price Swap Contracts
 Volume (MMBtud)Weighted Average Price ($/MMBtu)
2021
April 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021500,000 $2.99 
2022
January 1, 2022 through December 31, 202220,000 $2.75 

In December 2020, EOG entered into natural gas NYMEX Henry Hub price swap contracts for the period from January 1, 2021 through March 31, 2021, with notional volumes of 500,000 MMBtud at a weighted average price of $2.43 per MMBtu. These contracts offset the remaining natural gas NYMEX Henry Hub price swap contracts for the same time period with notional volumes of 500,000 MMBtud at a weighted average price of $2.99 per MMBtu. EOG expects to receive net cash of $25.2 million during 2021 for the settlement of these contracts. The offsetting contracts were excluded from the above table.
EOG has entered into natural gas collar contracts, which establish ceiling and floor prices for the sale of notional volumes of natural gas as specified in the collar contracts. The collars require that EOG pay the difference between the ceiling price and the NYMEX Henry Hub natural gas price for the contract month (Henry Hub Index Price) in the event the Henry Hub Index Price is above the ceiling price. The collars grant EOG the right to receive the difference between the floor price and the Henry Hub Index Price in the event the Henry Hub Index Price is below the floor price. In March 2020, EOG executed the early termination provision granting EOG the right to terminate certain 2020 natural gas collar contracts with notional volumes of 250,000 MMBtud at a weighted average ceiling price of $2.50 per MMBtu and a weighted average floor price of $2.00 per MMBtu for the period from April 1, 2020 through July 31, 2020. EOG received net cash of $7.8 million for the settlement of these contracts. Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's natural gas collar contracts as of December 31, 2020, with notional volumes expressed in MMBtud and prices expressed in $/MMBtu.

Natural Gas Collar Contracts
Weighted Average Price ($/MMBtu)
 Volume (MMBtud)Ceiling PriceFloor Price
2020
April 1, 2020 through July 31, 2020 (closed)250,000 $2.50 $2.00 

In April 2020, EOG entered into natural gas collar contracts for the period from August 1, 2020 through October 31, 2020, with notional volumes of 250,000 MMBtud at a ceiling price of $2.50 per MMBtu and a floor price of $2.00 per MMBtu. These contracts offset the remaining natural gas collar contracts for the same time period with notional volumes of 250,000 MMBtud at a ceiling price of $2.50 per MMBtu and a floor price of $2.00 per MMBtu. EOG received net cash of $1.1 million for the settlement of these contracts. The offsetting contracts were excluded from the above table.

Prices received by EOG for its natural gas production generally vary from NYMEX Henry Hub prices due to adjustments for delivery location (basis) and other factors. EOG has entered into natural gas basis swap contracts in order to fix the differential between pricing in the Rocky Mountain area and NYMEX Henry Hub prices (Rockies Differential). Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's Rockies Differential basis swap contracts as of December 31, 2020. The weighted average price differential expressed in $/MMBtu represents the amount of reduction to NYMEX Henry Hub prices for the notional volumes expressed in MMBtud covered by the basis swap contracts.

Rockies Differential Basis Swap Contracts
 Volume (MMBtud)Weighted Average Price Differential
($/MMBtu)
2020
January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020 (closed)30,000 $0.55 

EOG has also entered into natural gas basis swap contracts in order to fix the differential between pricing at the Houston Ship Channel (HSC) and NYMEX Henry Hub prices (HSC Differential). In March 2020, EOG executed the early termination provision granting EOG the right to terminate certain 2020 HSC Differential basis swaps with notional volumes of 60,000 MMBtud at a weighted average price differential of $0.05 per MMBtu for the period from April 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020. EOG paid net cash of $0.4 million for the settlement of these contracts. Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's HSC Differential basis swap contracts as of December 31, 2020. The weighted average price differential expressed in $/MMBtu represents the amount of reduction to NYMEX Henry Hub prices for the notional volumes expressed in MMBtud covered by the basis swap contracts.
HSC Differential Basis Swap Contracts
 Volume (MMBtud)Weighted Average Price Differential
($/MMBtu)
2020
January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020 (closed)60,000 $0.05 
EOG has also entered into natural gas basis swap contracts in order to fix the differential between pricing at the Waha Hub in West Texas and NYMEX Henry Hub prices (Waha Differential). Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's Waha Differential basis swap contracts as of December 31, 2020. The weighted average price differential expressed in $/MMBtu represents the amount of reduction to NYMEX Henry Hub prices for the notional volumes expressed in MMBtud covered by the basis swap contracts.
Waha Differential Basis Swap Contracts
 Volume (MMBtud)Weighted Average Price Differential
($/MMBtu)
2020
January 1, 2020 through April 30, 2020 (closed)50,000 $1.40 

In April 2020, EOG entered into Waha Differential basis swap contracts for the period from May 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, with notional volumes of 50,000 MMBtud at a weighted average price differential of $0.43 per MMBtu. These contracts offset the remaining Waha Differential basis swap contracts for the same time period with notional volumes of 50,000 MMBtud at a weighted average price differential of $1.40 per MMBtu. EOG paid net cash of $11.9 million for the settlement of these contracts. The offsetting contracts were excluded from the above table.

 Commodity Derivatives Location on Balance Sheet. The following table sets forth the amounts and classification of EOG's outstanding derivative financial instruments at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.  Certain amounts may be presented on a net basis on the consolidated financial statements when such amounts are with the same counterparty and subject to a master netting arrangement (in thousands):
   Fair Value at December 31,
DescriptionLocation on Balance Sheet20202019
Asset Derivatives 
Crude oil, NGLs and natural gas derivative contracts -
 
Current portion
Assets from Price Risk Management Activities (1)
$64,559 $1,299 
Noncurrent portionOther Assets1,063 — 
Liability Derivatives   
Crude oil, NGLs and natural gas derivative contracts -
   
Current portion
Liabilities from Price Risk Management Activities (2)
$— $20,194 
Noncurrent PortionOther Liabilities455 — 
(1)    The current portion of Assets from Price Risk Management Activities consists of gross assets of $3 million, partially offset by gross liabilities of $2 million, at December 31, 2019.
(2)    The current portion of Liabilities from Price Risk Management Activities consists of gross liabilities of $23 million, partially offset by gross assets of $3 million at December 31, 2019.
Credit Risk.  Notional contract amounts are used to express the magnitude of a financial derivative.  The amounts potentially subject to credit risk, in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties, are equal to the fair value of such contracts (see Note 13).  EOG evaluates its exposure to significant counterparties on an ongoing basis, including those arising from physical and financial transactions.  In some instances, EOG renegotiates payment terms and/or requires collateral, parent guarantees or letters of credit to minimize credit risk. 

At December 31, 2020, EOG's net accounts receivable balance related to United States hydrocarbon sales included two receivable balances, each of which accounted for more than 10% of the total balance.  The receivables were due from two petroleum refinery companies.  The related amounts were collected during early 2021.  At December 31, 2019, EOG's net accounts receivable balance related to United States hydrocarbon sales included three receivable balances, each of which accounted for more than 10% of the total balance.  The receivables were due from three petroleum refinery companies.  The related amounts were collected during early 2020.

In 2020 and 2019, all natural gas from EOG's Trinidad operations was sold to the National Gas Company of Trinidad and Tobago Limited and its subsidiary. In 2020 and 2019, all crude oil and condensate from EOG's Trinidad operations was sold to Heritage Petroleum Company Limited. In 2020 and 2019, all natural gas from EOG's China operations was sold to Petrochina Company Limited.

All of EOG's derivative instruments are covered by International Swap Dealers Association Master Agreements (ISDAs) with counterparties.  The ISDAs may contain provisions that require EOG, if it is the party in a net liability position, to post collateral when the amount of the net liability exceeds the threshold level specified for EOG's then-current credit ratings.  In addition, the ISDAs may also provide that as a result of certain circumstances, including certain events that cause EOG's credit ratings to become materially weaker than its then-current ratings, the counterparty may require all outstanding derivatives under the ISDA to be settled immediately.  See Note 13 for the aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments that were in a net asset position at December 31, 2020 and a net liability position at December 31, 2019.  EOG had no collateral posted and held no collateral at December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Substantially all of EOG's accounts receivable at December 31, 2020 and 2019 resulted from hydrocarbon sales and/or joint interest billings to third-party companies, including foreign state-owned entities in the oil and gas industry.  This concentration of customers and joint interest owners may impact EOG's overall credit risk, either positively or negatively, in that these entities may be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions.  In determining whether or not to require collateral or other credit enhancements from a customer, EOG typically analyzes the entity's net worth, cash flows, earnings and credit ratings.  Receivables are generally not collateralized.  During the three-year period ended December 31, 2020, credit losses incurred on receivables by EOG have been immaterial.