Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and, to a lesser extent, the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are generally determined by interest rates. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Company’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to certain loans, deposits, and borrowings.

The following table presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:



	March 31, 2016							December 31, 2015
	Asset derivatives			Liability derivatives				Asset derivatives			Liability derivatives
	Balance sheet location	Fair value (1)		Balance sheet location	Fair value (1)			Balance sheet location	Fair value (1)		Balance sheet location	Fair value (1)
	(In thousands)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate products	Other assets	$	—	Other liabilities	$	(3,437	)	Other assets	$	—	Other liabilities	$	(1,907	)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate products (2)	Other assets	16,968		Other liabilities	(17,702		)	Other assets	7,960		Other liabilities	(8,095		)
Total		$	16,968		$	(21,139	)		$	7,960		$	(10,002	)

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(1)	For additional details, see Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements-Note 5: Fair Value Measurements.”


(2)	Includes Risk Participation Agreements.

The following table presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:



Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships	Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives (effective portion) (1)						Location of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion)	Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion)
	three months ended March 31,							three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015				2016			2015
(In thousands)
Interest rate products (2)	$	(1,948	)	$	(1,873	)	Interest expense	$	(461	)	$	(1,018	)
Total	$	(1,948	)	$	(1,873	)		$	(461	)	$	(1,018	)

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(1) There was no ineffective portion as of March 31, 2016 or 2015.

(2) Includes Risk Participation Agreements.

The following table presents the components of the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) related to the derivatives for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:



	Three months ended March 31,
	2016			2015
	(In thousands)
Accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) on cash flow hedges, balance at beginning of period	$	(1,123	)	$	(1,923	)
Net change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges	(900		)	(509		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) on cash flow hedges, balance at end of period	$	(2,023	)	$	(2,432	)

The Bank has agreements with their derivative counterparties that contain provisions where, if the Bank defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the Bank could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The Bank was in compliance with these provisions as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

The Bank also has agreements with certain of their derivative counterparties that contain provisions where, if the Bank fails to maintain its status as a well- or adequately-capitalized institution, then the counterparty could terminate the derivative positions and the Bank would be required to settle its obligations under the agreements. The Bank was in compliance with these provisions as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Certain of the Bank’s agreements with their derivative counterparties contain provisions where if specified events or conditions occur that materially change the Bank’s creditworthiness in an adverse manner, the Bank may be required to fully collateralize their obligations under the derivative instruments. The Bank was in compliance with these provisions as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the termination amounts related to collateral determinations of derivatives in a liability position was $21.1 million and $9.7 million, respectively. The Company has minimum collateral posting thresholds with its derivative counterparties and pledged securities with a market value of $19.9 million and $9.8 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, against its obligations under these agreements. In addition, as of December 31, 2015, the Company had posted cash collateral of $2.0 million against its obligations under these agreements. The collateral posted is typically greater than the current liability position. However, due to timing of liability position changes at period end, the funding of a collateral shortfall may take place shortly following period end.

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Company’s objective in using derivatives is to add stability to interest income and expense and to manage the risk related to exposure to changes in interest rates. To accomplish this objective, the Bank entered into a total of six interest rate swaps, one during 2014 with an effective date of June 1, 2014, and five during 2013 with effective dates of December 1, 2014, September 2, 2014, June 1, 2014, March 1, 2014, and August 1, 2013. The six interest rate swaps each have a notional amount of $25 million and have terms ranging from three to six years. The Bank’s risk management objective and strategy for these interest rate swaps is to reduce its exposure to variability in interest-related cash outflows attributable to changes in the LIBOR swap rate associated with borrowing programs for each of the periods, initially expected to be accomplished with LIBOR-indexed brokered deposits, but may also include LIBOR-indexed FHLB advances. The interest rate swaps will effectively fix the Bank’s interest payments on $150 million of its LIBOR-indexed liabilities at rates between 1.17% and 2.32%, and a weighted average rate of 1.85%.

The Company uses the “Hypothetical Derivative Method” described in ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), for quarterly prospective and retrospective assessments of hedge effectiveness, as well as for measurements of hedge ineffectiveness. Under this method, the Company assesses the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in cash flows of the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in cash flows of the designated hedged transactions. The effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is initially reported in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) (outside of earnings) and subsequently reclassified to earnings in interest and dividend income when the hedged transactions affect earnings. Ineffectiveness resulting from the hedge is recorded as a gain or loss in the consolidated statement of operations as part of fees and other income. There was no hedge ineffectiveness during the three months ended March 31, 2016 or 2015. The Company also monitors the risk of counterparty default on an ongoing basis.

A portion of the balance reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest income or expense as interest payments are made or received on the Company’s interest rate swaps. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that $1.6 million will be reclassified as an increase in interest expense.

Non-designated Hedges

Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and result from two different services the Bank provides to qualified commercial clients. The Bank offers certain derivative products directly to such clients. The Bank economically hedges derivative transactions executed with commercial clients by entering into mirror-image, offsetting derivatives with third parties. Derivative transactions executed as part of these programs are not designated in ASC 815-qualifying hedging relationships and are, therefore, marked-to-market through earnings each period. Because the derivatives have mirror-image contractual terms, the changes in fair value substantially offset through earnings. Fees earned in connection with the execution of derivatives related to this program are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations in other income. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Bank had 100 and 76 derivatives, respectively, related to this program, comprised of interest rate swaps and caps, with an aggregate notional amount of $672.7 million and $475.3 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2016 the Bank had one derivative with an aggregate notional amount of $0.1 million in a foreign currency exchange contract outstanding related to this program. There were no foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding related to this program as of December 31, 2015.

In addition, as a participant lender, the Bank has guaranteed performance on a pro-rated portion of a swap executed by another financial institution. As the participant lender, the Bank is providing a partial guarantee, but is not a direct party to the related swap transaction. The Bank has no obligations under the risk participation agreement unless the borrower defaults on their swap transaction with the lead bank and the swap is in a liability position to the borrower. In that instance, the Bank has agreed to pay the lead bank a portion of the swap’s termination value at the time of the default. The derivative transaction entered into as part of this transaction is not designated, as per ASC 815, as a qualifying hedging relationship and is, therefore, marked-to-market through earnings each period. The pro-rated notional amount of this risk participation transaction was $8.3 million as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

The Bank has also participated out to another financial institution a pro-rated portion of a swap executed by the Bank. The other financial institution has no obligations under the risk participation agreement unless the borrower defaults on their swap transaction with the Bank and the swap is in a liability position to the borrower. In that instance, the other financial institution has agreed to pay the Bank a portion of the swap’s termination value at the time of the default. The derivative transaction entered into as part of this transaction is not designated, as per ASC 815, as a qualifying hedging relationship and is, therefore, marked-to-market through earnings each period. The pro-rated notional amount of this risk participation transaction was $1.9 million as of March 31, 2016. There were no risk participation agreements participated out as of December 31, 2015.

The following table presents the effect of the Bank’s derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments in the consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.



		Amount of gain or (loss), net, recognized in income on derivatives
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income on derivative	Three months ended March 31,
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments		2016			2015
		(In thousands)
Interest rate products	Other income/ (expense)	$	(605	)	$	(6	)
Other products (1)	Other income/ (expense)	6			40
Total		$	(599	)	$	34

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(1) Risk Participation Agreements.