Stock Compensation Plans

The Company's 2014 Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan, dated February 28, 2014 and subsequently approved by Shareholders on May 2, 2014 (the "2014 LT Plan") is authorized to issue up to 1,750,000 shares of common stock as options, share appreciation rights, restricted shares and units, performance shares and units and other stock or cash-based awards. Approximately 1,187,000 shares remain available for issuance at December 31, 2015.

Stock-based compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards are based on the grant-date fair value. The Company recognizes these compensation costs on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. Total compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income for all stock compensation programs was $1.9 million, $8.6 million and $4.3 million in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Stock Only Stock Appreciation Rights (“SOSARs”)

SOSARs granted to directors and management personnel under the LT Plan beginning in 2008 have a term of five years and have three year graded vesting. SOSARs granted under the LT Plan are structured as fixed grants with the exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying stock on the date of the grant. The related expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period.

Beginning in 2011, the Company replaced the SOSAR equity awards with full value Restricted Stock Awards (“RSAs”). No SOSAR equity awards have been granted since 2010.

A reconciliation of the number of SOSARs outstanding and exercisable under the Long-Term Performance Compensation Plan as of December 31, 2015, and changes during the period then ended is as follows:



	Shares (000's)		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000's)
SOSARs outstanding at January 1, 2015	52		$	21.83	—		—
SOSARs exercised	(52	)	21.83		—		—
SOSARs cancelled / forfeited	—		—		—		—
SOSARs outstanding at December 31, 2015	—		$	—	$	—	$	—



	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2015		2014		2013
Total intrinsic value of SOSARs exercised	$	—	$	5,193	$	4,678
Total fair value of shares vested	$	—	$	—	$	576

As of December 31, 2015, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to SOSARs granted under the LT Plan.

Non-Qualified Stock Options ("Options")

The Company granted non-qualified stock options during 2015 under the 2014 LT Plan, upon the hiring of our new Chief Executive Officer. The options have a term of seven years and have three year annual graded vesting. The fair value of the options was estimated at the date of grant under the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions. Expected volatility was estimated based on the historical volatility of the Company's common shares over the 5.5 years prior to the grant date. The average expected life was based on the contractual term of the plan. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury Strips available with maturity period consistent with the expected life. Forfeitures are estimated at the date of grant based on historical experience.



	2015
Risk free interest rate	1.80	%
Dividend yield	1.58	%
Volatility factor of the expected market price of the common shares	0.35
Expected life for the options (in years)	5.50

A reconciliation of the number of Options outstanding and exercisable under the 2014 LT Plan as of December 31, 2015, and changes during the period then ended is as follows:



	Shares (000's)	Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000's)
Options outstanding at January 1, 2015	—	$	—
Options granted	325	35.40
Options exercised	—	—
Options cancelled / forfeited	—	—
Options outstanding at December 31, 2015	325	$	35.40	4.84	$	—
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2015	322	$	35.40	4.84	$	—
Options exercisable at December 31, 2015	—	$	—		$	—



	Year ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2015
Total intrinsic value of Options exercised	$	—
Total fair value of shares vested	$	—
Weighted average fair value of Options granted	$	10.37

As of December 31, 2015, there was $2.9 million unrecognized compensation cost related to Options granted under the 2014 LT Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over the next 2.8 years.

Restricted Stock Awards

The LT Plans permit awards of restricted stock. These shares carry voting and dividend rights; however, sale of the shares is restricted prior to vesting. Restricted shares granted in 2013 vest over a period of 2.25 years. Shares granted in 2014 and 2015 vest over a period of 3 years, with one-third vesting each January 1 of the following first, second, and third years. Total restricted stock expense is equal to the market value of the Company's common shares on the date of the award and is recognized over the service period on a straight line basis. In 2015, there were 107,885 shares issued to members of management and directors.

A summary of the status of the Company's non-vested restricted shares as of December 31, 2015, and changes during the period then ended, is presented below:



	Shares (000)'s		Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Non-vested restricted shares at January 1, 2015	175		$	42.69
Granted	108		42.32
Vested	(125	)	39.25
Forfeited	(7	)	49.07
Non-vested restricted shares at December 31, 2015	151		$	44.99



	Year ended December 31,
	2015	2014	2013
Total fair value of shares vested (000's)	$4,918	$1,585	$1,121
Weighted average fair value of restricted shares granted	$42.32	$54.84	$47.65

As of December 31, 2015, there was $2.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted shares granted under the LT Plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over the next 2.8 years.

Performance Share Units (“PSUs”)

The LT Plans also allow for the award of PSUs. Each PSU gives the participant the right to receive common shares dependent on the achievement of specified performance results over a specified performance period. For PSUs granted in 2014 and 2015, the performance period is 3 years. For PSUs granted in 2013, the performance period is 2.25 years. At the end of the performance period, the number of shares of stock issued will be determined by adjusting the award upward or downward from a target award. Fair value of PSUs issued is based on the market value of the Company's common shares on the date of the award. The related compensation expense is recognized over the performance period when achievement of the award is probable and is adjusted for changes in the number of shares expected to be issued if changes in performance are expected. In 2015, there were 132,984 PSUs issued to members of management. Currently, the Company is accounting for the awards granted in 2013, 2014 and 2015 at 0% of the maximum amount available for issuance.

PSUs Activity

A summary of the status of the Company's PSUs as of December 31, 2015, and changes during the period then ended, is presented below:



	Shares (000)'s		Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 2015	329		$	41.92
Granted	133		44.76
Vested	(98	)	29.00
Forfeited	(53	)	33.94
Non-vested at December 31, 2015	311		$	48.53



	Year ended December 31,
	2015	2014	2013
Weighted average fair value of PSUs granted	$44.76	$54.84	$47.32

As of December 31, 2015, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested PSUs granted under the LT Plans.

Employee Share Purchase Plan (the “ESP Plan”)

The Company's 2004 ESP Plan allows employees to purchase common shares through payroll withholdings. The Company has approximately 189,000 common shares remaining available for issuance to and purchase by employees under this plan. The ESP Plan also contains an option component. The purchase price per share under the ESP Plan is the lower of the market price at the beginning or end of the year. The Company records a liability for withholdings not yet applied towards the purchase of common stock.

The fair value of the option component of the ESP Plan is estimated at the date of grant under the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions for the appropriate year. Expected volatility was estimated based on the historical volatility of the Company's common shares over the past year. The average expected life was based on the contractual term of the plan. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury issues with a one year term. Forfeitures are estimated at the date of grant based on historical experience.



	2015		2014		2013
Risk free interest rate	0.25	%	0.13	%	0.16	%
Dividend yield	1.05	%	0.74	%	1.49	%
Volatility factor of the expected market price of the common shares	0.41		0.23		0.27
Expected life for the options (in years)	1.00		1.00		1.00