Note 10.

Income Taxes

The Company’s year-to-date effective income tax rate at September 30, 2018 and 2017 was 19.1% and 21.4%, respectively. The variations between the Company’s effective tax rate and the U.S. statutory rate of 21% were primarily due to the impact of the U.S. enacted tax legislation and earnings generated from the Company’s foreign operations, which are subject to income taxes at lower statutory rates. The current year’s effective income tax rate benefited from the reversal of certain U.S. valuation allowances as the result of the acquisition of CoAdna and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities relating to CoAdna’s purchase price allocation.

U.S. GAAP prescribes the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements which includes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. As of September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018, the Company’s gross unrecognized income tax benefit was $13.8 million and $9.9 million, respectively. The Company has classified the uncertain tax positions as noncurrent income tax liabilities, as the amounts are not expected to be paid within one year. If recognized, $5.7 million of the gross unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, 2018 would impact the effective tax rate. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in the income tax provision on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The amount of accrued interest and penalties included in the gross unrecognized income tax benefit was $0.7 million and $0.6 million, at September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively. Fiscal years 2015 to 2018 remain open to examination by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service, fiscal years 2014 to 2018 remain open to examination by certain state jurisdictions, and fiscal years 2009 to 2018 remain open to examination by certain foreign taxing jurisdictions. The Company is currently under examination for the U.S. Federal income tax return for the year ended June 30, 2016; certain subsidiary companies in the Philippines for the year ended June 30, 2017; Germany for the years ended June 2012 through June 2015; and New Jersey for the years ended 2014 through June 30, 2017. The Company believes its income tax reserves for these tax matters are adequate.

U.S. Tax Reform

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law. The Tax Act includes changes to the U.S. statutory federal tax rate and puts into effect the migration from a worldwide system of taxation to a territorial system, among other things. The Company continues to account for the transition from a worldwide to a territorial tax system impact as an estimated amount, pending further information and analysis, which includes analysis of foreign earnings and profits and interpretive U.S. Internal Revenue Service guidance. At this time, the Company has not made any material adjustments to the provisional impact recorded in its June 30, 2018 financial statements related to the Tax Act, and the Company continues to expect to finalize the provisional amount during the quarter ended December 31, 2018.

Furthermore, the Tax Act includes certain changes such as introducing a new category of income, referred to as global intangible low tax income, related to earnings taxed at a low rate of foreign entities without a significant fixed asset base, and imposes additional limitations on the deductibility of interest and officer compensation. These changes are included in the Company’s 2019 fiscal year income tax expense.