Fair Value

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Fair Value [Abstract]

Fair Value

4. Fair Value

ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosure about fair value measurements. ASC 820, among other things, requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. In addition, ASC 820 precludes the use of block discounts when measuring the fair value of instruments traded in an active market, which were previously applied to large holdings of publicly traded equity securities.

We determine the fair value of our financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820. In accordance with ASC 820, we utilize the following fair value hierarchy:

● Level 1: quoted prices in active markets for identical assets;

● Level 2: inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, inputs of identical assets for less active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the instrument; and

● Level 3: inputs to the valuation methodology that are unobservable for the asset or liability.

This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available.

Under ASC 820, we determine fair value based on the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. It is our policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements, in accordance with the fair value hierarchy described above. Fair value measurements for assets and liabilities where there exists limited or no observable market data are calculated based upon our pricing policy, the economic and competitive environment, the characteristics of the asset or liability and other factors as appropriate. These estimated fair values may not be realized upon actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability.

Where quoted prices are available on active exchanges for identical instruments, investment securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 investment securities include equity securities.

Level 2 investment securities include corporate bonds, collateralized corporate bank loans, municipal bonds, U.S. Treasury securities, other obligations of the U.S. Government and mortgage-backed securities for which quoted prices are not available on active exchanges for identical instruments. We use third-party pricing services to determine fair values for each Level 2 investment security in all asset classes. Since quoted prices in active markets for identical assets are not available, these prices are determined using observable market information such as quotes from less active markets and/or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, among other things. We have reviewed the processes used by the pricing services and have determined that they result in fair values consistent with the requirements of ASC 820 for Level 2 investment securities. We have not adjusted any prices received from third-party pricing sources. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 securities.

In cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, investment securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 3 investments are valued based on the best available data in order to approximate fair value. This data may be internally developed and consider risk premiums that a market participant would require. Investment securities classified within Level 3 include other less liquid investment securities.

The following table presents, for each of the fair value hierarchy levels, assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

	As of June 30, 2023
	Quoted Prices in
	Active Markets for
	Identical Assets		Other Observable		Unobservable
	(Level 1)		Inputs (Level 2)		Inputs (Level 3)		Total
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	—	$	22,435	$	—	$	22,435
Corporate bonds		—		191,345		—		191,345
Corporate bank loans		—		49,503		—		49,503
Municipal bonds		—		31,240		—		31,240
Mortgage-backed		—		1,238		—		1,238
Total debt securities		—		295,761		—		295,761
Total equity securities		22,763		—		—		22,763
Total investments	$	22,763	$	295,761	$	—	$	318,524

	As of December 31, 2022
	Quoted Prices in
	Active Markets for
	Identical Assets		Other Observable		Unobservable
	(Level 1)		Inputs (Level 2)		Inputs (Level 3)		Total
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	—	$	79,978	$	—	$	79,978
Corporate bonds		—		235,044		—		235,044
Corporate bank loans		—		75,183		—		75,183
Municipal bonds		—		35,018		—		35,018
Mortgage-backed		—		1,374		—		1,374
Total debt securities		—		426,597		—		426,597
Total equity securities		28,199		—		—		28,199
Total investments	$	28,199	$	426,597	$	—	$	454,796

There were no investments classified as Level 3 as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.