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INCOME TAXES
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES
INCOME TAXES

Uncertainties in Income Taxes

The Company recognizes in the interim consolidated financial statements, the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position.

It is reasonably possible that certain amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within 12 months of the reporting date of the Company’s interim consolidated financial statements. Final settlement and resolution of outstanding tax matters in various jurisdictions during the next twelve months are not expected to be significant.

Other Tax Matters

During the quarter ended March 31, 2018, the Company recorded the following discrete tax items, $2.2 million of excess tax benefit related to employee share-based compensation, tax expense of $1.2 million related to valuation allowances, $0.2 million of tax expense related to enacted statutory rate changes, $7.2 million of tax expense for other discrete tax matters and $3.4 million tax benefit related to U.S. tax reform. The Company also recorded $1.1 million of tax expense as a discrete item related to the gain on sale of marketable securities.

During the first quarter of 2017, the Company recorded $6.3 million of excess tax benefit related to employee share-based compensation, $12.2 million of tax expense related to enacted statutory rate changes and $1.4 million of tax benefit for other discrete tax matters.

U.S. Federal Legislative Changes

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act" or "U.S. tax reform") was enacted. U.S. tax reform, among other things, reduced the U.S. federal income tax rate to 21% in 2018 from 35%, instituted a dividends received deduction for foreign earnings with a related tax for the deemed repatriation of unremitted foreign earnings and created a new U.S. minimum tax on earnings of foreign subsidiaries. In addition, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”), which provides guidance on accounting for enactment effects of SAB 118 and provides a measurement period of up to one year from the Act’s enactment date for companies to complete their accounting under Accounting Standards Codification No. 740 “Income Taxes”, (“ASC 740”). In accordance with SAB 118, to the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of the Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in its financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in its financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Act. The Company has accounted for the tax effects of the Act on a provisional basis. At December 31, 2017, the accounting for certain income tax effects was incomplete, but the Company determined reasonable estimates for those effects which were included in the financial statements. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, a tax benefit of $3.4 million related to provisional estimates was recorded. The Company expects to complete the accounting during 2018 to comply with the one year measurement period.

Based on information available, at December 31, 2017, the Company estimated the cumulative undistributed foreign earnings and recorded a provisional estimate of income tax expense related to the one-time deemed repatriation toll charge. There is still uncertainty as to the application of the Act, in particular as it relates to state income taxes. Further, the Company has not yet completed the analysis of the components of the computation, including the amount of the foreign earnings subject to U.S. income tax, and the portion of the foreign earnings held in cash or other specified assets. At March 31, 2018, primarily due to the utilization of foreign tax credit carryforwards and certain other tax attributes the estimated cash liability for the deemed repatriation of foreign earnings is approximately $1.0 million. However, as the Company completes its analysis an additional liability could be recorded and the Company would elect to make installment payments as allowed under the Act.

As a result of the Act, the Company can repatriate the cumulative undistributed foreign earnings back to the U.S. when needed with minimal U.S. income tax consequences other than the one-time deemed repatriation toll charge. The Company is still evaluating whether to change its indefinite reinvestment assertion in light of the Act and consider that conclusion to be incomplete under SAB 118.

For the three months ended March 31, 2018, for the Global Intangible Low Tax Income (“GILTI”) provision of the Act, an estimate was recorded based on current guidance as a period expense, but the Company has not yet completed its assessment or elected an accounting policy to either recognize deferred taxes for basis differences expected to reverse as GILTI or to record GILTI as period costs if and when incurred.

In accordance with SEC guidance, provisional amounts may be refined as a result of additional guidance from, and interpretations by, U.S. regulatory and standard-setting bodies, and changes in assumptions. In subsequent periods, provisional amounts will be adjusted for the effects, if any, of interpretative guidance issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury. The effects of the Act may be subject to changes for items that were previously reported as provisional amounts, as well as any element of the Act that a provisional estimate could not be made, and such changes could be material.