497 1 d497.htm SELIGMAN PORTFOLIOS, INC. Seligman Portfolios, Inc.
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Filed pursuant to 497(b)
File No. 333-170418

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

Seligman Capital Portfolio

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

COMBINED PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS

December 20, 2010

This is a brief overview of the reorganization and certain other actions proposed for your fund. We encourage you to read the full text of the enclosed combined proxy statement/prospectus.

Q: Why am I being asked to provide voting instructions?

Funds are required to obtain shareholder approval for certain kinds of changes, like the reorganizations proposed in the enclosed combined proxy statement/prospectus. Shares of the above-listed funds are owned of record predominantly by sub-accounts of separate accounts of insurance companies (the “Participating Insurance Companies”) established to fund benefits under variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies (each a “Contract”) issued by the Participating Insurance Companies. Persons holding Contracts are referred to herein as “Contract Owners.” References to “shareholder” herein refer to a separate account of a Participating Insurance Company. As a Contract Owner with Contract values allocated to one of the above-listed funds, you are being asked to provide voting instructions to the Participating Insurance Company that issued your Contract regarding a reorganization involving your fund. In addition, the directors of certain of the funds listed above have nominated candidates for election or re-election as directors. Contract Owners with Contract values allocated to those funds are entitled to provide voting instructions with respect to these elections.

Q: What is a fund reorganization?

A fund reorganization involves one fund transferring all of its assets and liabilities to another fund in exchange for shares of such fund. Once completed, Contract Owners with interests in the selling fund will have interests in the buying fund.

Q: Are my voting instructions important?

Absolutely! While the board of directors or board of trustees (the “Board”) of each fund listed above has reviewed its proposed reorganization and recommends that you approve it, these proposals generally cannot go forward without the approval of shareholders. Similarly, while the Board of certain funds has nominated candidates for director, you have the right to instruct your Participating Insurance Company how to vote the shares attributable to your Contract in connection with the election of the directors that oversee your fund.

Q: On what am I being asked to provide voting instructions?

Contract Owners are being asked to provide voting instructions regarding the reorganization (a “Reorganization”) of one or more funds (each a “Selling Fund” and together, the “Selling Funds”) into other corresponding funds (each a “Buying Fund” and together, the “Buying Funds”), as noted in the table below:

 

Selling Fund

 

Buying Fund

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series   RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund
Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series   Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund
Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio   Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund
Seligman Capital Portfolio   Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series
Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio   Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund
Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio   Seligman Global Technology Portfolio


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The Participating Insurance Company that issued your Contract is the legal owner of your Selling Fund’s shares and will vote those shares at a joint special meeting of shareholders of the Selling Fund. However, as a Contract Owner, you are entitled to instruct the Participating Insurance Company how to vote the shares attributable to your Contract.

If the Reorganization of your Selling Fund is approved by the Participating Insurance Companies and the other closing conditions are met, interests in your Selling Fund attributable to your Contract will, in effect, be converted into interests in the corresponding Buying Fund with the same aggregate net asset value as that of your Selling Fund interests at the time of the Reorganization. Selling Funds and Buying Funds are referred to individually or collectively as a “Fund” or the “Funds,” respectively. While the aggregate net asset value of the shares attributable to your Contract will not change as a result of the Reorganization, the number of shares attributable to your Contract may differ based on each Fund’s net asset value.

In addition, Contract Owners with Contract values allocated to Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio are being asked to provide voting instructions regarding the election or re-election of sixteen nominees as directors of those Selling Funds.

We encourage you to read the full text of the enclosed combined proxy statement/prospectus to obtain a more detailed understanding of the issues relating to each proposed Reorganization and, as applicable, the election or re-election of directors of your Selling Fund.

Q: Why are the Reorganizations being proposed?

On May 1, 2010, Ameriprise Financial, Inc., the parent company of Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly known as RiverSource Investments, LLC), the Funds’ investment manager (“Columbia Management”), acquired the long-term asset management business of Columbia Management Group, LLC and certain of its affiliated companies from Bank of America, N.A. (the “Transaction”). In connection with the Transaction, Columbia Management became the investment manager of the Columbia-branded funds (the “Columbia Fund Complex”), in addition to the funds that were branded as RiverSource, Seligman and Threadneedle funds (the “RiverSource Fund Complex” and, together with the Columbia Fund Complex, the “Combined Fund Complex”).

The proposed Reorganizations are among the reorganizations recommended by Columbia Management following the Transaction. Columbia Management’s overall goal in proposing the reorganizations is twofold. First, by combining Columbia-, RiverSource-, Seligman- and Threadneedle-branded funds with generally similar investment objectives, strategies and policies, each combined investment portfolio will be larger, which tends to lead to greater efficiency. Second, by streamlining the product offering of the Combined Fund Complex, management, administration, distribution and other resources can be focused more effectively on a smaller group of funds. The Reorganization of each Selling Fund into the corresponding Buying Fund will enable shareholders of each Selling Fund to invest in a larger, potentially more efficient portfolio while continuing to pursue a similar investment strategy.

Q: Are there costs or tax consequences of the Reorganizations?

Reorganization costs will be allocated to each Selling Fund, but will be limited to an amount that is not more than the anticipated reduction in expenses borne by the Fund’s shareholders during the first year following the Reorganization. Provided that the Contracts qualify to be treated as life insurance contracts under Section 7702(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) or annuity contracts under Section 72 of the Code, the Reorganization will not be a taxable event for Contract Owners regardless of the tax status of the Reorganization, or whether the Buying Fund is treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a partnership or a regulated investment company (“RIC”). A portion, which may be substantial, of the portfolio assets of a Selling Fund may be sold in connection with its Reorganization. Such sales will cause a Selling Fund to incur transaction costs.

 

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Q: Will there be any changes to my fees and expenses as a result of the Reorganizations?

It is expected that, following the proposed Reorganizations, the expenses borne by Selling Fund shareholders would generally be the same as or lower than the expenses they currently bear, as described in detail in the combined proxy statement/prospectus under “Reorganization Proposals – Summary – Fees and Expenses.”

Q: If approved, when will the Reorganizations happen?

The Reorganizations will take place as soon as practicable following shareholder approval, and are expected to close before the end of the second quarter of 2011.

Q: Why has the Board of certain Funds nominated candidates for election to that Board?

Following the Transaction described above, the boards of directors/trustees of the RiverSource Fund Complex (the “Columbia RiverSource Board”) and the boards of trustees of the Columbia Fund Complex had ongoing discussions regarding a potential consolidated board of directors/trustees to oversee all or a portion of the Combined Fund Complex. In September 2010, these discussions culminated in an agreement between the Columbia RiverSource Board and the current board of trustees of certain of the trusts in the Columbia Fund Complex (the “Columbia Nations Board”) to have a consolidated board of directors/trustees for a portion of the Combined Fund Complex. Specifically, they agreed that the RiverSource Fund Complex and the portion of the Columbia Fund Complex overseen by the Columbia Nations Board should be overseen by a consolidated board of directors/trustees. In this regard, even though the Columbia RiverSource Board would be larger and cause the portion of the Combined Fund Complex overseen by it to pay more in director/trustee compensation in the aggregate, reducing the number of separate boards overseeing a fund complex can lead to operational efficiencies by reducing the number of board meetings, minimizing inconsistencies in governance and oversight matters and streamlining the resources needed to support board reporting and interaction.

In order to effect the consolidation, the Governance Committee of the Columbia Nations Board and the Board Governance Committee of the Columbia RiverSource Board, along with each full Board, have nominated the 16 individuals listed in the combined proxy statement/prospectus for election to the Columbia Nations Board and the Columbia RiverSource Board, each to hold office for an indefinite term. Information about each nominee is set forth in this combined proxy statement/prospectus under Proposal 7.

Q: If approved, when will the changes to Board membership of my Fund take effect?

The changes to the Board membership of your Fund will take effect as soon as practicable following shareholder approval and are expected to take effect before the end of the second quarter of 2011.

Q: How does my Board recommend that I instruct my Participating Insurance Company to vote?

After careful consideration, your Board recommends that you instruct your Participating Insurance Company to vote FOR the Reorganization of your Selling Fund and FOR each nominee for election as director of your Selling Fund, if applicable.

Q: How can I provide voting instructions?

You can instruct your Participating Insurance Company how to vote the shares attributable to your Contract in one of three ways:

 

 

By telephone (call the toll free number listed on your proxy card)

 

 

By internet (log on to the internet site listed on your proxy card)

 

 

By mail (using the enclosed postage prepaid envelope)

 

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Q: Will I be notified of the results of the vote?

The final voting results for each proposal will be included in each Selling Fund’s next report to shareholders following the special shareholder meeting.

Q: Whom should I call if I have questions?

If you have questions about any of the proposals described in the combined proxy statement/prospectus or about procedures for providing voting instructions, please call the Participating Insurance Company that issued your Contract. Computershare Fund Services has been engaged to provide mailing and tabulation services. It is not expected that the Selling Funds will require active solicitation services for any proposal or that Computershare Fund Services will receive any amount for solicitation services. Shareholders of Selling Funds for which a Reorganization is effected within 60 days following the completion of its fiscal year or half year may call 800.345.6611 to request a copy of the Selling Fund’s final report to shareholders for that period.

 

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NOTICE OF A JOINT SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS

 

Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

   

Seligman Portfolios, Inc.

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

Seligman Capital Portfolio

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

To be held February 15, 2011

A Joint Special Meeting of Shareholders (the “Meeting”) of each of the Funds listed above (each a “Selling Fund”) will be held at 1:00 p.m. on February 15, 2011, at One Financial Center, Boston, MA in Conference Room A on the 5th floor. At the Meeting, shareholders will consider the following proposals with respect to their Selling Fund:

 

1.

To approve the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Agreement”) by and among Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust, on behalf of its Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series and Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series series, Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust I, on behalf of its Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series series, RiverSource Variable Series Trust, on behalf of its RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund and Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund series, Seligman Portfolios, Inc., on behalf of its Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio and Seligman Global Technology Portfolio series, certain other registered investment companies and Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC, pursuant to which each selling fund, as indicated below (each a “Selling Fund”), will transfer that portion of its assets attributable to each class of its shares (in aggregate, all of its assets) to the corresponding buying fund, as indicated below (each a “Buying Fund”), in exchange for shares of a corresponding class of the Buying Fund and the assumption by the Buying Fund of all of the liabilities of the Selling Fund. Shares of each class of the Buying Fund will be distributed proportionately to shareholders of the relevant class of the Selling Fund.

Shareholders of each Selling Fund will vote separately on the proposal, as shown below.

 

Selling Fund

  

Buying Fund

  

Proposal #

 

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

  

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund

     1   

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund

     2   

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund

     3   

Seligman Capital Portfolio

  

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

     4   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund

     5   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

  

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio*

     6   

 

* The board of directors of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. has approved the redomiciling of its Seligman Global Technology Portfolio series into a newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust that has also been named Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (the “Redomiciling”). The Redomiciling is subject to approval by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. If the Redomiciling is approved by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, it is expected that the Redomiciling will occur prior to the Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, in which case the Buying Fund will be the newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust. If the Redomiciling has not been completed prior to the closing of the Reorganization, the Buying Fund will be the existing series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc.

 

2. To elect nominees as directors (Proposal 7).


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Shareholders of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio will vote on Proposal 7 together as a single class with shareholders of each other series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc.

Please take some time to read the enclosed combined proxy statement/prospectus. It discusses these proposals in more detail. Shares of the Selling Funds are owned of record predominantly by sub-accounts of separate accounts of insurance companies (the “Participating Insurance Companies”) established to fund benefits under variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies (each a “Contract”) issued by the Participating Insurance Companies. If you held a Contract as of the close of business on December 17, 2010, you may instruct your Participating Insurance Company how to vote the shares attributable to your Contract at the Meeting or at any adjournment or postponement of the Meeting. You are welcome to attend the Meeting in person. If you cannot attend in person, please instruct your Participating Insurance Company how to vote by mail, telephone or internet. Just follow the instructions on the enclosed voting instruction card. If you have questions, please call the Participating Insurance Company that issued your Contract. It is important that you instruct your Participating Insurance Company how to vote the shares attributable to your Contract. The board of directors/trustees of each Selling Fund recommends that you instruct your Participating Insurance Company to vote FOR the Reorganization of your Selling Fund and, if applicable, FOR each nominee for director.

By order of the boards of directors/trustees

LOGO

Scott R. Plummer, Secretary

December 20, 2010

 

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Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

Seligman Capital Portfolio

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

COMBINED PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS

Dated December 20, 2010

This document is a proxy statement for each Selling Fund (as defined below) and a prospectus for each Buying Fund (as defined below). The address and telephone number of each Selling Fund and each Buying Fund is c/o Columbia Management Investment Services Corp., P.O. Box 8081, Boston, MA 02266-8081, and 800.345.6611. This combined proxy statement/prospectus and the enclosed proxy card or voting instruction card were first mailed to shareholders of each Selling Fund beginning on or about January 5, 2011. This combined proxy statement/prospectus contains information you should know before providing voting instructions on the following proposals with respect to your Selling Fund, as indicated below. You should retain this document for future reference:

 

Proposal

  

To be voted on by

shareholders of:

1.    To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust, on behalf of its Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series series (a “Selling Fund”), RiverSource Variable Series Trust, on behalf of its RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund series (a “Buying Fund”), certain other registered investment companies and Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (“Columbia Management”). Under the agreement, the Selling Fund will transfer that portion of its assets attributable to each class of its shares (in aggregate, all of its assets) to the Buying Fund in exchange for shares of the corresponding class of the Buying Fund (as indicated below) and the assumption by the Buying Fund of all of the liabilities of the Selling Fund. Shares of each class of the Buying Fund will be distributed proportionately to shareholders of the relevant class of the Selling Fund.    Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

 

Selling Fund

         

Buying Fund

Class A

   g         Class 1

Class B

   g         Class 2

 

2.    To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust, on behalf of its Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series series (a “Selling Fund”), RiverSource Variable Series Trust, on behalf of its Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund series (a “Buying Fund”), certain other registered investment companies and Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC. Under the agreement, the Selling Fund will transfer that portion of its assets attributable to each class of its shares (in aggregate, all of its assets) to the Buying Fund in exchange for shares of the corresponding class of the Buying Fund (as indicated below) and the assumption by the Buying Fund of all of the liabilities of the Selling Fund. Shares of each class of the Buying Fund will be distributed proportionately to shareholders of the relevant class of the Selling Fund.    Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

 

Selling Fund

         

Buying Fund

Class A

   g         Class 1

Class B

   g         Class 2


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Proposal

  

To be voted on by
shareholders of:

3.    To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Seligman Portfolios, Inc., on behalf of its Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio series (a “Selling Fund”), RiverSource Variable Series Trust, on behalf of its Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund series (a “Buying Fund”), certain other registered investment companies and Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC. Under the agreement, the Selling Fund will transfer that portion of its assets attributable to each class of its shares (in aggregate, all of its assets) to the Buying Fund in exchange for shares of the corresponding class of the Buying Fund (as indicated below) and the assumption by the Buying Fund of all of the liabilities of the Selling Fund. Shares of each class of the Buying Fund will be distributed proportionately to shareholders of the relevant class of the Selling Fund.    Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

 

Selling Fund

         

Buying Fund

Class 1

   g         Class 1

 

4.    To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Seligman Portfolios, Inc., on behalf of its Seligman Capital Portfolio series (a “Selling Fund”), Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust I, on behalf of its Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series series (a “Buying Fund”), certain other registered investment companies and Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC. Under the agreement, the Selling Fund will transfer that portion of its assets attributable to each class of its shares (in aggregate, all of its assets) to the Buying Fund in exchange for shares of the corresponding class of the Buying Fund (as indicated below) and the assumption by the Buying Fund of all of the liabilities of the Selling Fund. Shares of each class of the Buying Fund will be distributed proportionately to shareholders of the relevant class of the Selling Fund.    Seligman Capital Portfolio

 

Selling Fund

         

Buying Fund

Class 1

   g         Class A

Class 2

   g         Class B

 

5.    To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Seligman Portfolios, Inc., on behalf of its Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio series (a “Selling Fund”), RiverSource Variable Series Trust, on behalf of its Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund series (a “Buying Fund”), certain other registered investment companies and Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC. Under the agreement, the Selling Fund will transfer that portion of its assets attributable to each class of its shares (in aggregate, all of its assets) to the Buying Fund in exchange for shares of the corresponding class of the Buying Fund (as indicated below) and the assumption by the Buying Fund of all of the liabilities of the Selling Fund. Shares of each class of the Buying Fund will be distributed proportionately to shareholders of the relevant class of the Selling Fund.    Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

 

Selling Fund

         

Buying Fund

Class 1

   g         Class 1

Class 2

   g         Class 2

 

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Proposal

  

To be voted on by
shareholders of:

6.    To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Seligman Portfolios, Inc., on behalf of its Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio series (a “Selling Fund”), RiverSource Variable Series Trust, on behalf of its Seligman Global Technology Portfolio series (a “Buying Fund”)*, certain other registered investment companies and Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC. Under the agreement, the Selling Fund will transfer that portion of its assets attributable to each class of its shares (in aggregate, all of its assets) to the Buying Fund in exchange for shares of the corresponding class of the Buying Fund (as indicated below) and the assumption by the Buying Fund of all of the liabilities of the Selling Fund. Shares of each class of the Buying Fund will be distributed proportionately to shareholders of the relevant class of the Selling Fund.    Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

 

Selling Fund

         

Buying Fund

Class 1

   g         Class 1

Class 2

   g         Class 2

 

* The board of directors of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. has approved the redomiciling of its Seligman Global Technology Portfolio series into a newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust that has also been named Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (the “Redomiciling”). The Redomiciling is subject to approval by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. If the Redomiciling is approved by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, it is expected that the Redomiciling will occur prior to the Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, in which case the Buying Fund will be the newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust. If the Redomiciling has not been completed prior to the closing of the Reorganization, the Buying Fund will be the existing series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. Except as otherwise noted, information contained herein relating to Seligman Global Technology Portfolio applies to both the existing series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. and the newly-created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust.

 

7.    To elect nominees as directors.    Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (each a “Board Election Fund”)

The proposals will be considered by shareholders who owned shares of the Selling Funds on December 17, 2010 at a joint special meeting of shareholders (the “Meeting”) that will be held at 1:00 p.m. on February 15, 2011, at One Financial Center, Boston, MA in Conference Room A on the 5th floor. Each of the Selling Funds and the Buying Funds (each a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”) is a registered open-end management investment company (or a series thereof).

Shares of the Selling Funds are owned of record predominantly by sub-accounts of separate accounts of insurance companies (the “Participating Insurance Companies”) established to fund benefits under variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies (each a “Contract”) issued by the Participating Insurance Companies. The Participating Insurance Company that issued your Contract is the legal owner of your Selling Fund’s shares and therefore holds all voting rights with respect to those shares. That Participating Insurance Company sponsors a separate account that funds your Contract. This separate account, along with any other separate accounts sponsored by a Participating Insurance Company, is the shareholder of your Selling Fund. The separate account is composed of sub-accounts. Because you allocated Contract values to a sub-account that invests in your Selling Fund, you are entitled to instruct the Participating Insurance Company how to vote the shares of your Selling Fund attributable to your Contract. Persons holding Contracts are referred to herein as “Contract Owners.” References to “shareholder” refer to a separate account of a Participating Insurance Company. Depending on the context, references to “you” or “your” herein refer to the Contract Owner and/or to the Participating Insurance Company separate account.

 

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Although the board of directors/trustees (the “Board”) of each Selling Fund* recommends that shareholders approve the reorganization of the Selling Fund into the corresponding Buying Fund (each a “Reorganization”), the Reorganization of each Selling Fund is not conditioned upon the Reorganization of any other Selling Fund. Accordingly, if shareholders of one Selling Fund approve its Reorganization, but shareholders of a second Selling Fund do not approve the second Selling Fund’s Reorganization, it is expected that the Reorganization of the first Selling Fund will take place as described in this combined proxy statement/prospectus. If shareholders of any Selling Fund fail to approve its Reorganization, the Board of such Selling Fund will consider what other actions, if any, may be appropriate.

With respect to Proposal 7, shareholders of each Board Election Fund will vote together as a single class with the shareholders of the other series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. Thus, the outcome of Proposal 7 will depend in part on the votes of shareholders of those other series, which are being solicited separately.

How Each Reorganization Will Work

 

 

Each Selling Fund will transfer all of its assets to the corresponding Buying Fund in exchange for shares of such Buying Fund (“Reorganization Shares”) and the assumption by the Buying Fund of all of the Selling Fund’s liabilities.

 

 

Each Buying Fund will issue Reorganization Shares with an aggregate net asset value equal to the aggregate value of the assets that it receives from the corresponding Selling Fund, less the liabilities it assumes from the corresponding Selling Fund. Each class of Reorganization Shares will be distributed to the shareholders of the corresponding class of the Selling Fund in liquidation of the Selling Fund in proportion to their holdings in such class of the Selling Fund. For example, holders of Class A shares of a Selling Fund will receive Class 1 shares of the corresponding Buying Fund with the same aggregate net asset value as their Selling Fund Class A shares at the time of the Reorganization.

 

 

Reorganization costs will be allocated to each Fund only to the extent they are expected to be offset by the anticipated reduction in expenses borne by the Fund’s shareholders during the first year following the Reorganization. A portion, which may be substantial, of the portfolio assets of a Buying Fund or a Selling Fund may be sold before or after a Reorganization in connection with the Reorganization. Such sales will cause such Fund to incur transaction costs.

Where to Get More Information

The following documents have been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and are incorporated into this combined proxy statement/prospectus by reference:

 

 

the Statement of Additional Information of the Buying Funds relating to the Reorganizations (the “Merger SAI”), dated December 20, 2010;

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series (SEC file no. 811-05199)

 

 

the prospectuses of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series dated April 29, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Statement of Additional Information of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series, dated April 29, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and the audited financial statements included in the Annual Report to Shareholders of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series for the year ended December 31, 2009, and the unaudited financial statements included in the Semiannual Report to Shareholders of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series for the period ended June 30, 2010;

 

 

* References to the Board of a Selling Fund refer to the Board of the corporation or trust of which the Selling Fund is a series.

 

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Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (SEC file no. 811-05199)

 

 

the prospectuses of Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series dated April 29, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Statement of Additional Information of Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series, dated April 29, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and the audited financial statements included in the Annual Report to Shareholders of Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series for the year ended December 31, 2009, and the unaudited financial statements included in the Semiannual Report to Shareholders of Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series for the period ended June 30, 2010;

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (SEC file no. 811-05221)

 

 

the prospectus of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio dated April 30, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Statement of Additional Information of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, dated April 30, 2010, amended and restated May 1, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and the audited financial statements included in the Annual Report to Shareholders of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio for the year ended December 31, 2009, and the unaudited financial statements included in the Semiannual Report to Shareholders of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio for the period ended June 30, 2010;

Seligman Capital Portfolio (SEC file no. 811-05221)

 

 

the prospectus of Seligman Capital Portfolio dated April 30, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Statement of Additional Information of Seligman Capital Portfolio, dated April 30, 2010, amended and restated May 1, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and the audited financial statements included in the Annual Report to Shareholders of Seligman Capital Portfolio for the year ended December 31, 2009, and the unaudited financial statements included in the Semiannual Report to Shareholders of Seligman Capital Portfolio for the period ended June 30, 2010;

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (SEC file no. 811-05221)

 

 

the prospectus of Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio dated April 30, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Statement of Additional Information of Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio, dated April 30, 2010, amended and restated May 1, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and the audited financial statements included in the Annual Report to Shareholders of Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio for the year ended December 31, 2009, and the unaudited financial statements included in the Semiannual Report to Shareholders of Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio for the period ended June 30, 2010; and

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (SEC file no. 811-05221)

 

 

the prospectus of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio dated April 30, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Statement of Additional Information of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, dated April 30, 2010, amended and restated May 1, 2010, as supplemented to date;

 

 

the Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and the audited financial statements included in the Annual Report to Shareholders of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio for

 

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the year ended December 31, 2009, and the unaudited financial statements included in the Semiannual Report to Shareholders of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio for the period ended June 30, 2010.

For a free copy of any of the documents listed above and/or to ask questions about this combined proxy statement/prospectus, please call the Participating Insurance Company that issued your Contract.

Each of the Funds is subject to the information requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), and files reports, proxy materials and other information with the SEC. These reports, proxy materials and other information can be inspected and copied at the Public Reference Room maintained by the SEC. Copies may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing to the Public Reference Branch of the SEC Office of Consumer Affairs and Information Services, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549-0102. In addition, copies of these documents may be viewed online or downloaded from the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Please note that investments in the Funds are not bank deposits, are not federally insured, are not guaranteed by any bank or government agency and may lose value. There is no assurance that any Fund will achieve its investment objectives.

As with all open-end mutual funds, the SEC has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed on the adequacy of this combined proxy statement/prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

Section A — Reorganization Proposals

     10   

Summary

     10   

How Each Reorganization Will Work

     10   

Tax Consequences

     10   

Fees and Expenses

     11   

Proposal 1. Reorganization of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series into RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund.

     11   

Proposal 2. Reorganization of Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series into Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund

     13   

Proposal 3. Reorganization of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable
Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund

     16   

Proposal 4. Reorganization of Seligman Capital Portfolio into Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

     18   

Proposal 5. Reorganization of Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund

     20   

Proposal 6. Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio into Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

     22   

Proposal 1. Reorganization of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series into RiverSource Variable Portfolio — S&P 500 Index Fund

     26   

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

     26   

Comparison of Investment Objectives

     26   

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

     26   

Comparison of Fundamental Policies

     27   

Comparison of Non-Fundamental Policies

     30   

Comparison of Principal Risk Factors

     31   

Comparison of Performance

     32   

Proposal 2. Reorganization of Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series into Seligman Variable Portfolio — Growth Fund

     35   

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

     35   

Comparison of Investment Objectives

     35   

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

     35   

Comparison of Fundamental Policies

     37   

Comparison of Non-Fundamental Policies

     39   

Comparison of Principal Risk Factors

     41   

Comparison of Performance

     43   

Proposal 3. Reorganization of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio  – Larger-Cap Value Fund

     45   

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

     45   

Comparison of Investment Objectives

     45   

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

     45   

Comparison of Fundamental Policies

     47   

Comparison of Non-Fundamental Policies

     49   

Comparison of Principal Risk Factors

     50   

Comparison of Performance

     51   

Proposal 4. Reorganization of Seligman Capital Portfolio into Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

     54   

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

     54   

Comparison of Investment Objectives

     54   

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

     54   

 

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     Page  

Comparison of Fundamental Policies

     56   

Comparison of Non-Fundamental Policies

     58   

Comparison of Principal Risk Factors

     60   

Comparison of Performance

     62   

Proposal 5. Reorganization of Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio — Smaller-Cap Value Fund

     65   

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

     65   

Comparison of Investment Objectives

     65   

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

     65   

Comparison of Fundamental Policies

     67   

Comparison of Non-Fundamental Policies

     69   

Comparison of Principal Risk Factors

     69   

Comparison of Performance

     71   

Proposal 6. Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio into Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

     74   

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

     74   

Comparison of Investment Objectives

     74   

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

     74   

Comparison of Fundamental Policies

     76   

Comparison of Non-Fundamental Policies

     78   

Comparison of Principal Risk Factors

     78   

Comparison of Performance

     80   

Additional Information About Each Reorganization

     83   

Terms of Each Reorganization

     83   

Conditions to Closing Each Reorganization

     83   

Termination of the Agreement

     84   

Tax Status of the Reorganizations

     84   

Reasons for the Proposed Reorganizations and Board Deliberations

     90   

Board Recommendation and Required Vote

     94   

Section B — Board Proposal

     95   

Proposal 7. Election of Directors

     95   

Information Regarding the Non-Interested Nominees

     97   

Information Regarding the Interested Nominees

     100   

Nominees’ Beneficial Ownership of Shares of Each Board Election Fund

     101   

Status of Current Directors

     101   

Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight

     101   

Current Committees of the Columbia RiverSource Board

     102   

Nominee Qualifications

     105   

Procedures for Communications to the Columbia RiverSource Board

     107   

Executive Officers of the Company and Columbia Management

     107   

Remuneration for Directors and Officers

     107   

Required Vote and Recommendation

     107   

Section C — Proxy Voting and Shareholder Meeting Information

     108   

Section D — Capitalization, Ownership of Fund Shares and Financial Highlights

     111   

Capitalization of Selling Funds and Buying Funds

     111   

Ownership of Selling Fund and Buying Fund Shares

     113   

Financial Highlights of Buying Funds

     117   

 

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     Page  

Exhibits

  

A. Costs of the Reorganizations

     A-1   

B. Additional Information Applicable to the Buying Funds

     B-1   

C. Comparison of Organizational Documents

     C-1   

D. Executive Officer and Director Information

     D-1   

E. Director Compensation

     E-1   

F. Share Ownership of Nominees

     F-1   

G. RiverSource Funds Boards – Board Governance Committee Charter

     G-1   

 

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SECTION A — REORGANIZATION PROPOSALS

The following information describes each proposed Reorganization.

SUMMARY

This combined proxy statement/prospectus is being used by each Selling Fund to solicit proxies to vote at a joint special meeting of shareholders. Shareholders of each Selling Fund will consider a proposal to approve the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Agreement”) providing for the Reorganization of their Selling Fund into the corresponding Buying Fund.

The following is a summary. More complete information appears later in this proxy statement/prospectus. You should read the entire proxy statement/prospectus and the exhibits because they contain details that are not included in this summary.

How Each Reorganization Will Work

 

 

Each Selling Fund will transfer all of its assets to the corresponding Buying Fund in exchange for Reorganization Shares and the assumption by the corresponding Buying Fund of all of the Selling Fund’s liabilities.

 

 

Each Buying Fund will issue Reorganization Shares with an aggregate net asset value equal to the aggregate value of the assets that it receives from the corresponding Selling Fund, less the liabilities it assumes from the corresponding Selling Fund. Reorganization Shares of each class of each Buying Fund will be distributed to the shareholders of the corresponding class of the corresponding Selling Fund in proportion to their holdings of such class of such Selling Fund. For example, holders of Class 1 shares of a Selling Fund will receive Class 1 shares of the corresponding Buying Fund with the same aggregate net asset value as the aggregate net asset value of their Selling Fund Class 1 shares at the time of the Reorganization.

 

 

After a Reorganization is completed, Selling Fund shareholders will be shareholders of the corresponding Buying Fund, and the Selling Fund will be dissolved.

Tax Consequences

The tax consequences of the Reorganizations differ depending on whether the Buying Fund is treated as a partnership or as a “regulated investment company” (“RIC”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, as described below, none of the Reorganizations is expected to be a taxable event for Contract Owners.

Each Reorganization in which the Buying Fund is treated as a RIC is expected to be tax-free to separate accounts of the Participating Insurance Companies (“Separate Accounts”) as shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes and will not take place unless the Selling Fund and the corresponding Buying Fund receive a satisfactory opinion of tax counsel substantially to the effect that the Reorganization will be tax-free, as described in more detail in the section entitled “Tax Status of the Reorganizations – RIC Reorganizations.” Accordingly, no gain or loss is expected to be recognized by the Selling Fund, Separate Accounts or Contract Owners as a direct result of such Reorganization. For Separate Accounts as shareholders in such a Reorganization, the aggregate tax basis in the Reorganization Shares is expected to carry over from the shareholders’ Selling Fund shares, and the holding period in the Reorganization Shares is expected to include the shareholders’ holding period in the Selling Fund shares.

Each Reorganization in which the Buying Fund is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes is expected to be treated as a contribution of the Selling Fund’s assets to the Buying Fund in exchange for Reorganization Shares, followed by a distribution of Reorganization Shares to Separate Accounts as shareholders of the Selling Fund in liquidation of the Selling Fund. Each of these Reorganizations will not take

 

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place unless the Selling Fund and the corresponding Buying Fund receive a satisfactory opinion of tax counsel substantially to the effect that the Selling Fund’s tax basis in its assets will carry over to the Buying Fund, the Buying Fund’s holding period in those assets will include the Selling Fund’s holding period therein and the distribution by the Selling Fund of the Reorganization Shares in liquidation will eliminate any tax liability of the Selling Fund on any gain realized in connection with the Reorganization, as described in more detail in the section entitled “Tax Status of the Reorganizations – RIC-to-Partnership Reorganizations.”

Provided that the Contracts qualify to be treated as life insurance contracts under Section 7702(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) or annuity contracts under Section 72 of the Code, the Reorganization will not be a taxable event for Contract Owners regardless of the tax status of the Reorganization, or whether the Buying Fund is treated as a partnership or a RIC. For more information about the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Reorganizations, see the section entitled “Tax Status of the Reorganizations.”

Fees and Expenses

The following tables describe the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of a Fund.

Annual fund operating expense ratios are based on expense ratios incurred during each Fund’s most recently completed fiscal year, adjusted to reflect current and expected fees, as more fully described below, and are expressed as a percentage (expense ratio) of the Fund’s average net assets during the period. Pro forma expense ratios shown are based on each Buying Fund’s average net assets over the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2010. As of the date of this combined proxy statement/prospectus, each Fund’s net assets may be lower or higher than the Fund’s average net assets over such period. In general, a Fund’s annual operating expense ratios will increase as the Fund’s assets decrease and will decrease as the Fund’s assets increase. Accordingly, each Fund’s annual operating expense ratios, if adjusted based on net assets as of the date of this combined proxy statement/prospectus, could be higher or lower than those shown in the tables below. The commitment by Columbia Management and its affiliates to waive fees and/or to reimburse expenses for the Buying Funds noted below may limit the effect that any decrease in such Buying Funds’ net assets will have on their annual net operating expense ratios in the current fiscal year.

Certain Selling Funds have voluntary fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement arrangements. For more information, see the Selling Funds’ prospectuses.

The fees and expenses below exclude one-time costs of the Reorganizations. The costs of each Reorganization expected to be borne by each Fund are set forth in Exhibit A.

Proposal 1. Fees and Expenses. Reorganization of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series into RiverSource Variable Portfolio — S&P 500 Index Fund

Current and Pro Forma Fees and Expenses

The following tables do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. The total fees and expenses you bear may therefore be higher than those shown in the table.

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

 

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class A        Class B  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A           N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at the time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A           N/A   

 

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RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund (Current and Pro Forma)
(Buying Fund)
   Class 1        Class 2  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A           N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at the time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A           N/A   

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):

 

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class A     Class B  

Management fees

     0.20     0.20

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(1)

     0.75     0.75
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     0.95     1.20
RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund (Current) (Buying Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(2)

     0.20     0.20

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses

     0.11     0.11
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     0.31     0.56
RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund (Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(3)

     0.20     0.20

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses

     0.11     0.11
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses(4)

     0.31     0.56

 

(1)

Other expenses have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual transfer agent fee rates, effective September 4, 2010, and other changes to contractual fee rates, expected to be effective n the second quarter of 2011.

(2)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.10% and an administration fee of 0.10%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management services fee rates expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would have been 0.28% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.22% and an administration fee of 0.06%), and Total annual Fund operating expenses would have been 0.39% for Class 1 shares and 0.64% for Class 2 shares.

(3)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.10% and an administration fee of 0.10%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management fee rates expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would have been 0.28% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.22% and an administration fee of 0.06%), and Total annual Fund operating expenses would have been 0.39% for Class 1 shares and 0.64% for Class 2 shares.

(4)

Columbia Management has contractually agreed, effective April 30, 2011, to reimburse a portion of the Buying Fund’s expenses so that Total annual Fund operating expenses (excluding any brokerage commissions, interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), after giving effect to any balance credits from the Fund’s custodian, do not exceed the following percentages of average daily net assets on an annualized basis: 0.405% for Class 1 shares and 0.655% for Class 2 shares. The arrangement shall continue in effect until April 30, 2012. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management.

 

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Expense examples: These examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in each Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. These examples do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. If these examples reflected those fees and expenses, the figures shown would be higher. These examples assume that you invest $10,000 in the applicable Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, both under the current arrangements and, for the Buying Fund, assuming completion of the proposed Reorganization. These examples also assume that your investment has a 5% return each year and that each Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on those assumptions, your costs would be:

 

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series (Current)
(Selling Fund)
   1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class A

   $ 97         $ 303         $ 525         $ 1,166   

Class B

   $ 122         $ 381         $ 660         $ 1,455   
RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund (Current)
(Buying Fund)
   1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class 1

   $ 32         $ 100         $ 175         $ 395   

Class 2

   $ 57         $ 180         $ 313         $ 705   
RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund
(Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)
   1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class 1

   $ 32         $ 100         $ 175         $ 395   

Class 2

   $ 57         $ 180         $ 313         $ 705   

Because none of the share classes have deferred sales charges, you would pay the same costs shown in the tables above if you did not redeem your shares at the end of the periods indicated.

Portfolio Turnover. Each Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. Those costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example expenses, affect a Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was the following percentage of the average value of the Fund’s portfolio:

 

Fund

   Percentage of the Average
Value of the Fund’s  Portfolio
 

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

     6

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund (Buying Fund)

     31

Proposal 2. Fees and Expenses. Reorganization of Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series into Seligman Variable Portfolio — Growth Fund

If the Reorganization occurs, certain Reorganization expenses, as described in Exhibit A, will be allocated to the Selling Fund, which will reduce the Selling Fund’s net asset value prior to the closing of the Reorganization by less than $0.02 per share based on the Selling Fund’s shares outstanding as of September 30, 2010.

Current and Pro Forma Fees and Expenses

The following tables do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. The total fees and expenses you bear may therefore be higher than those shown in the table.

 

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Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

 

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class A        Class B  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A           N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at the time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A           N/A   
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Current and Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)    Class 1        Class 2  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A           N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at the time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A           N/A   

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):

 

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class A     Class B  

Management fees(1)

     0.65     0.65

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(2)

     0.34     0.34
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     0.99     1.24
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Current) (Buying Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(3)

     0.77     0.77

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses

     0.09     0.09
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     0.86     1.11
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(5)

     0.77     0.77

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses

     0.10     0.10
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     0.87     1.12

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(4)

     (0.11)     (0.11)
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     0.76     1.01

 

(1)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.50% and an administration fee of 0.15%.

(2)

Other expenses have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual transfer agency fee rates, effective September 4, 2010, and other changes to contractual fee rates, expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011.

(3)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.71% and an administration fee of 0.06%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management services fee rates (including the elimination of a performance incentive adjustment that decreased the investment management services fee by 0.08%) expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011, subject to shareholder approval. There can be no assurance that changes in contractual investment management services fee rates will be approved by shareholders. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would have been 0.58% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.60%, a performance incentive adjustment of -0.08%, and an administration fee of 0.06%), and Total annual Fund operating expenses would have been 0.67% for Class 1 shares and 0.92% for Class 2 shares.

(4)

Columbia Management has contractually agreed, assuming approval by shareholders of the Reorganization, effective April 30, 2011, to reimburse a portion of the Buying Fund’s expenses so that Total annual Fund operating expenses (excluding any brokerage commissions, interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), after giving effect to any balance credits from the Fund’s custodian, do not exceed the following percentages of average daily net assets on an annualized basis: 0.765% for Class 1 shares and 1.015% for Class 2 shares. The arrangement shall continue in effect until

 

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April 30, 2012. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management.

(5)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.71% and an administration fee of 0.06%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management services fee rates (including the elimination of a performance incentive adjustment that decreased the investment management services fee by 0.08%) expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011, subject to shareholder approval. There can be no assurance that changes in contractual investment management services fee rates will be approved by shareholders. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would have been 0.58% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.60%, a performance incentive adjustment of -0.08%, and an administration fee of 0.06%), and Total annual Fund operating expenses would have been 0.68% for Class 1 shares and 0.93% for Class 2 shares.

Expense examples: These examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in each Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. These examples do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. If these examples reflected those fees and expenses, the figures shown would be higher. These examples assume that you invest $10,000 in the applicable Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, both under the current arrangements and, for the Buying Fund, assuming completion of the proposed Reorganization. These examples also assume that your investment has a 5% return each year and that each Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. These examples include any contractual fee waiver/expense reimbursement arrangements only for the period indicated in the applicable Fund’s Annual Fund Operating Expenses table. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on those assumptions, your costs would be:

 

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Current)
(Selling Fund)
   1 year      3 years      5 years      10 years  

Class A

   $ 101       $ 315       $ 547       $ 1,213   

Class B

   $ 126       $ 393       $ 681       $ 1,500   
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Current) (Buying Fund)    1 year      3 years      5 years      10 years  

Class 1

   $ 88       $ 275       $ 478       $ 1,065   

Class 2

   $ 113       $ 353       $ 612       $ 1,356   
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)    1 year      3 years      5 years      10 years  

Class 1

   $ 78       $ 267       $ 472       $ 1,067   

Class 2

   $ 103       $ 345       $ 607       $ 1,358   

Because none of the share classes have deferred sales charges, you would pay the same costs shown in the tables above if you did not redeem your shares at the end of the periods indicated.

Portfolio Turnover. Each Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. Those costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example expenses, affect a Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was the following percentage of the average value of the Fund’s portfolio:

 

Fund

   Percentage of the
Average Value of
the Fund’s  Portfolio
 

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

     137

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

     152

 

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Proposal 3. Fees and Expenses. Reorganization of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund

If the Reorganization occurs, certain Reorganization expenses, as described in Exhibit A, will be allocated to the Selling Fund, which will reduce the Selling Fund’s net asset value prior to the closing of the Reorganization by less than $0.01 per share based on each Selling Fund’s shares outstanding as of September 30, 2010.

Current and Pro Forma Fees and Expenses

The following tables do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. The total fees and expenses you bear may therefore be higher than those shown in the table.

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

 

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class 1  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A   
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund (Current and Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)    Class 1  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A   

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):

 

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (Current)

(Selling Fund)

   Class 1  

Management fees(1)

     0.82

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00

Other expenses

     2.62
        

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     3.44

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(2)

     (2.49)
        

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     0.95
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund (Current)
(Buying Fund)
   Class 1  

Management fees(3)

     0.77

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00

Other expenses

     0.44
        

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     1.21

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(4)

     (0.29)
        

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     0.92

 

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Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund (Pro Forma)

(Buying Fund)

   Class 1  

Management fees(5)

     0.77

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00

Other expenses

     0.42
        

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     1.19

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(6)

     (0.27)
        

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     0.92

 

(1)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fees of 0.76% and an administration fee of 0.06%.

(2)

Columbia Management and its affiliates have contractually agreed to waive certain fees and to reimburse certain expenses (other than acquired fund fees and expenses, if any) until April 30, 2011. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management. Any amounts waived will not be reimbursed by the Fund. Under this agreement, net Fund expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, if any) will not exceed 0.95% for Class 1 shares.

(3)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.71% and an administration fee of 0.06%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management services fee rates (including the elimination of a performance incentive adjustment that increased the investment management services fee by 0.01%) expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011, subject to shareholder approval. There can be no assurance that changes in contractual investment management services fee rates will be approved by shareholders. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would have been 0.67% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.60%, a performance incentive adjustment of 0.01%, and an administration fee of 0.06%), and Total annual Fund operating expenses would have been 1.11% for Class 1 shares.

(4)

Columbia Management has contractually agreed to reimburse a portion of the Buying Fund’s expenses so that Total annual Fund operating expenses (excluding any brokerage commissions, interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and any acquired fund fees and expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), after giving effect to any balance credits from the Buying Fund’s custodian, do not exceed, on an annualized basis, 0.925% for Class 1 shares. The reimbursement arrangement shall continue in effect until April 30, 2011. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management.

(5)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.71% and an administration fee of 0.06%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management services fee rates (including the elimination of a performance incentive adjustment that increased the investment management services fee by 0.01%) expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would have been 0.67% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.60%, a performance incentive adjustment of 0.01%, and an administration fee of 0.06%), and Total annual Fund operating expenses would have been 1.09% for Class 1 shares.

(6)

Columbia Management has contractually agreed, assuming approval by shareholders of the Reorganization, effective April 30, 2011, to reimburse a portion of the Buying Fund’s expenses so that Total annual Fund operating expenses (excluding any brokerage commissions, interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), after giving effect to any balance credits from the Fund’s custodian, do not exceed, on an annualized basis, 0.925% for Class 1 shares. The arrangement shall continue in effect until April 30, 2012. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management.

Expense examples: These examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in each Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. These examples do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. If these examples reflected those fees and expenses, the figures shown would be higher. These examples assume that you invest $10,000 in the applicable Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, both under the current arrangements and, for the Buying Fund, assuming completion of the proposed Reorganization. These examples also assume that your investment has a 5% return each year and that each Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. These examples include any contractual fee waiver/expense reimbursement arrangements only for the period indicated in the applicable Fund’s Annual Fund Operating Expenses table. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on those assumptions your costs would be:

 

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)    1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class 1

   $ 97         $ 825         $ 1,575         $ 3,558   

 

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Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund (Current)
(Buying Fund)
   1
year
       3
years
       5
years
       10
years
 

Class 1

   $ 94         $ 356         $ 638         $ 1,445   
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund
(Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)
   1
year
       3
years
       5
years
       10
years
 

Class 1

   $ 94         $ 351         $ 629         $ 1,424   

Because Class 1 shares have no deferred sales charge, you would pay the same costs shown in the tables above if you did not redeem your shares at the end of the periods indicated.

Portfolio Turnover. Each Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. Those costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example expenses, affect a Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was the following percentage of the average value of the Fund’s portfolio.

 

Fund

   Percentage of the
Average Value of
the Fund’s Portfolio
 

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

     39

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

     16

Proposal 4. Fees and Expenses. Reorganization of Seligman Capital Portfolio into Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

If the Reorganization occurs, certain Reorganization expenses, as described in Exhibit A, will be allocated to the Selling Fund, which will reduce the Selling Fund’s net asset value prior to the closing of the Reorganization by less than $0.02 per share based on the Selling Fund’s shares outstanding as of September 30, 2010.

Current and Pro Forma Fees and Expenses

The following tables do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. The total fees and expenses you bear may therefore be higher than those shown in the table.

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

 

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class 1        Class 2  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A           N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at the time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A           N/A   

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Current and Pro Forma)

(Buying Fund)

   Class A        Class B  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A           N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at the time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A           N/A   

 

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Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):

 

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(1)

     0.40     0.40

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(2)

     0.93     0.93
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     1.33     1.58

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(3)

     (0.34)     (0.34)
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     0.99     1.24
Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Current) (Buying Fund)    Class A     Class B  

Management fees(4)

     0.82     0.82

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(5)

     0.74     0.74
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses(6)

     1.56     1.81
Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)    Class A     Class B  

Management fees(7)

     0.82     0.82

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(5)

     0.47     0.47
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     1.29     1.54

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(8)

     (0.39)     (0.39)
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     0.90     1.15

 

(1)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fees of 0.36% and an administration fee of 0.04%.

(2)

Other expenses have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual transfer agency fee rates, effective September 4, 2010.

(3)

Columbia Management and its affiliates have contractually agreed to waive certain fees and to reimburse certain expenses (other than acquired fund fees and expenses, if any) until April 30, 2011. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management. Any amounts waived will not be reimbursed by the Fund. Under this agreement, net Fund expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, if any) will not exceed 0.99% for Class 1 shares and 1.24% for Class 2 shares.

(4)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.76% and an administration fee of 0.06%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management fee rates expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would be 0.88% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.65% and an administration fee of 0.23%) and Total annual Fund operating expenses would be 1.62% for Class A shares and 1.87% for Class B shares.

(5)

Other expenses have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual transfer agency fee rates, effective September 4, 2010, and other changes to contractual fee rates expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011.

(6)

Columbia Management has contractually agreed effective March 1, 2011 to reimburse a portion of the Buying Fund’s expenses so that Total annual Fund operating expenses (excluding any brokerage commissions, interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and any acquired fund fees and expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), after giving effect to any balance credits from the Buying Fund’s custodian, do not exceed the following percentages of average daily net assets on annualized basis: 0.92% for Class A shares and 1.17% for Class B shares. The reimbursement arrangement shall continue in effect until April 30, 2012. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management.

(7)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.76% and an administration fee of 0.06%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management fee rates expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would be 0.88% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.65% and an administration fee of 0.23%) and Total annual Fund operating expenses would be 1.35% for Class A shares and 1.60% for Class B shares.

(8)

Columbia Management has contractually agreed, assuming approval by shareholders of the reorganization, effective March 1, 2011, to further reimburse a portion of the Buying Fund’s expenses so that Total annual Fund operating expenses (excluding any brokerage commissions, interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), do not exceed the following percentages of average daily net assets on an annualized basis: 0.90% for Class A shares, 1.15% for Class B shares. The reimbursement arrangement shall continue in effect until April 30, 2012. These fees and expense arrangements may only be modified with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management.

 

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Expense examples: These examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in each Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. These examples do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. If these examples reflected those fees and expenses, the figures shown would be higher. These examples assume that you invest $10,000 in the applicable Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, both under the current arrangements and, for the Buying Fund, assuming completion of the proposed Reorganization. These examples also assume that your investment has a 5% return each year and that each Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. These examples include any contractual fee waiver/expense reimbursement arrangements only for the period indicated in the applicable Fund’s Annual Fund Operating Expenses table. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on those assumptions your costs would be:

 

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)    1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class 1

   $ 101         $ 388         $ 697         $ 1,577   

Class 2

   $ 126         $ 466         $ 829         $ 1,855   
Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Current)
(Buying Fund)
   1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class A

   $ 159         $ 493         $ 850         $ 1,856   

Class B

   $ 184         $ 569         $ 980         $ 2,061   
Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Pro Forma)
(Buying Fund)
   1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class A

   $ 94         $ 372         $ 672         $ 1,527   

Class B

   $ 119         $ 450         $ 804         $ 1,735   

Because none of the share classes have deferred sales charges, you would pay the same costs shown in the tables above if you did not redeem your shares at the end of the periods indicated.

Portfolio Turnover. Each Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. Those costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example expenses, affect a Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was the following percentage of the average value of the Fund’s portfolio:

 

Fund

   Percentage of the
Average Value of
the Fund’s Portfolio
 

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)

     144

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Current) (Buying Fund)

     171

Proposal 5. Fees and Expenses. Reorganization of Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio — Smaller-Cap Value Fund

If the Reorganization occurs, certain Reorganization expenses, as described in Exhibit A, will be allocated to the Selling Fund, which will reduce the Selling Fund’s net asset value prior to the closing of the Reorganization by less than $0.01 per share based on the Selling Fund’s shares outstanding as of September 30, 2010.

Current and Pro Forma Fees and Expenses

The following tables do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. The total fees and expenses you bear may therefore be higher than those shown in the table.

 

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Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

 

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class 1        Class 2  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A           N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at the time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A           N/A   
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Current and Pro Forma)
(Buying Fund)
   Class 1        Class 2  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A           N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at the time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A           N/A   

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) as a percentage of average daily net assets:

 

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(1)

     1.00     1.00

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(2)

     0.23     0.23
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     1.23     1.48

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(3)

     (0.21)     (0.21)
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     1.02     1.27
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Current) (Buying Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(4)

     0.87     0.87

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(2)

     0.09     0.09
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses(6)

     0.96     1.21
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(5)

     0.87     0.87

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(2)

     0.11     0.11
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     0.98     1.23

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(7)

     (0.03)     (0.03)
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     0.95     1.20

 

(1)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fees of 0.94% and an administration fee of 0.06%.

(2)

Other expenses have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual transfer agency fee rates, effective September 4, 2010.

(3)

Columbia Management and its affiliates have contractually agreed to waive certain fees and to reimburse certain expenses (other than acquired fund fees and expenses, if any) until April 30, 2011. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management. Any amounts waived will not be reimbursed by the Fund. Under this agreement, net Fund expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, if any) will not exceed 1.02% for Class 1 shares and 1.27% for Class 2 shares.

(4)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.79% and an administration fee of 0.08%.

(5)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.79% and an administration fee of 0.08%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management fee rates expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would be 0.87% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.79% and an administration fee of 0.08%) and Total Fund operating expenses would be 0.98% for Class 1 shares and 1.23% for Class 2 shares.

 

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Table of Contents
 
(6)

Columbia Management has contractually agreed, effective April 30, 2010, to reimburse a portion of the Buying Fund’s expenses so that Total annual Fund operating expenses (excluding any brokerage commissions, interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), after giving effect to any daily net assets on an annualized basis: 1.025% for Class 1 shares and 1.275% for Class 2 shares. The arrangement shall continue in effect until April 30, 2011. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management.

(7)

Columbia Management has contractually agreed, assuming approval by shareholders of the Reorganization, effective March 1, 2011, to reimburse a portion of the Buying Fund’s expenses so that Total annual Fund operating expenses (excluding any brokerage commissions, interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), after giving effect to any balance credits from the Fund’s custodian, do not exceed the following percentages of average daily net assets on an annualized basis: 0.955% for Class 1 shares and 1.205% for Class 2 shares. The arrangement shall continue in effect until April 30, 2012. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management.

Expense examples: These examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in each Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. These examples do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. If these examples reflected those fees and expenses, the figures shown would be higher. These examples assume that you invest $10,000 in the applicable Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, both under the current arrangements and, for the Buying Fund, assuming completion of the proposed Reorganization. These examples also assume that your investment has a 5% return each year and that each Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. These examples include any contractual fee waiver/expense reimbursement arrangements only for the period indicated in the applicable Fund’s Annual Fund Operating Expenses table. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on those assumptions, your costs would be:

 

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)    1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class 1

   $ 104         $ 370         $ 656         $ 1,475   

Class 2

   $ 129         $ 448         $ 789         $ 1,756   
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Current)
(Buying Fund)
   1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class 1

   $ 98         $ 306         $ 532         $ 1,183   

Class 2

   $ 123         $ 384         $ 666         $ 1,471   
Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Pro
Forma) (Buying Fund)
   1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class 1

   $ 97         $ 309         $ 539         $ 1,199   

Class 2

   $ 122         $ 387         $ 673         $ 1,417   

Because none of the share classes have deferred sales charges, you would pay the same costs shown in the tables above if you did not redeem your shares at the end of the periods indicated.

Portfolio Turnover. Each Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. Those costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example expenses, affect a Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was the following percentage of the average value of the Fund’s portfolio:

 

Fund

   Percentage of the
Average Value of
the Fund’s  Portfolio
 

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

     8

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

     6

 

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Table of Contents

Proposal 6. Fees and Expenses. Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio into Seligman Global Technology Portfolio*

All fee and expense information attributed to Seligman Global Technology Portfolio herein, including pro forma information, reflects information about the Seligman Global Technology Portfolio series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc., even though Seligman Global Technology Portfolio may be either that series or the newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust, depending on whether and when the proposed redomiciling occurs.

Current and Pro Forma Fees and Expenses

The following tables do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. The total fees and expenses you bear may therefore be higher than those shown in the table.

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

 

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class 1        Class 2  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A           N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at the time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A           N/A   
Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Current and Pro forma) (Buying Fund)    Class 1        Class 2  

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

     N/A           N/A   

Maximum deferred sales charge (load) imposed on sales (as a percentage of net asset value at the time of your purchase or sale, whichever is lower)

     N/A           N/A   

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):

 

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(1)

     0.76     0.76

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(2)

     0.31     0.31
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     1.07     1.32

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(3)

     (0.08)     (0.08)
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     0.99     1.24
Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Current) (Buying Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(4)

     1.03     1.03

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(2)

     2.64     2.64
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     3.67     3.92

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(5)

     (2.68)     (2.68)
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     0.99     1.24
Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)    Class 1     Class 2  

Management fees(6)

     1.03     1.03

Distribution and/or service (12b-1) fees

     0.00     0.25

Other expenses(2)

     0.40     0.40
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses

     1.43     1.68

Fee waiver/expense reimbursement(5)

     (0.44)     (0.44)
                

Total annual Fund operating expenses after fee waiver/expense reimbursement

     0.99     1.24

 

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Table of Contents

 

(1)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fees of 0.71% and an administration fee of 0.05%.

(2)

Other expenses have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual transfer agency fee rates, effective September 4, 2010.

(3)

Columbia Management and its affiliates have contractually agreed to waive certain fees and to reimburse certain expenses (other than acquired fund fees and expenses, if any) until April 30, 2011. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management. Any amounts waived will not be reimbursed by the Fund. Under this agreement, net Fund expenses (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, if any) will not exceed 0.99% for Class 1 shares and 1.24% for Class 2 shares.

(4)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.95% and an administration fee of 0.08%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management fee rates expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would have been 1.03% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.95%, and an administration fee of 0.08%), and Total annual Fund operating expenses would have been 3.67% for Class 1 shares and 3.92% for Class 2 shares.

(5)

Columbia Management has contractually agreed to reimburse a portion of the Buying Fund’s expenses so that Total annual Fund operating expenses (excluding any brokerage commissions, interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and any acquired fund fees and expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), after giving effect to any balance credits from the Buying Fund’s custodian, do not exceed, on an annualized basis, 0.99% for Class 1 shares and 1.24% for Class 2 shares. The reimbursement arrangement shall continue in effect until April 30, 2011. Columbia Management has further contractually agreed, assuming approval by shareholders of the Reorganization, effective April 30, 2011, to reimburse a portion of the Buying Fund’s expenses so that Total annual Fund operating expenses (excluding any brokerage commissions, interest, taxes, extraordinary expenses and acquired fund fees and expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), after giving effect to any balance credits from the Fund’s custodian, do not exceed the following percentages of average daily net assets on an annualized basis: 0.99% for Class 1 shares and 1.24% for Class 2 shares. The arrangement shall continue in effect until April 30, 2012. These fee and expense arrangements may only be modified or amended with approval from all parties to such arrangements, including the Fund and Columbia Management.

(6)

Management fees are composed of an investment management services fee of 0.95% and an administration fee of 0.08%. Management fees have been adjusted to reflect changes in contractual investment management fee rates expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011. If the proposed changes were not reflected, Management fees shown would have been 1.03% (composed of an investment management services fee of 0.95%, and an administration fee of 0.08%), and Total annual Fund operating expenses would have been 1.43% for Class 1 shares and 1.68% for Class 2 shares.

Expense examples: These examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in each Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. These examples do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any. If these examples reflected those fees and expenses, the figures shown would be higher. These examples assume that you invest $10,000 in the applicable Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods, both under the current arrangements and, for the Buying Fund, assuming completion of the proposed Reorganization. These examples also assume that your investment has a 5% return each year and that each Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. These examples include any contractual fee waiver/expense reimbursement arrangements only for the period indicated in the applicable Fund’s Annual Fund Operating Expenses table. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on those assumptions, your costs would be:

 

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Current)
(Selling Fund)
   1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class 1

   $ 101         $ 333         $ 583         $ 1,303   

Class 2

   $ 126         $ 411         $ 717         $ 1,588   
Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Current) (Buying Fund)    1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class 1

   $ 101         $ 875         $ 1,670         $ 3,753   

Class 2

   $ 126         $ 949         $ 1,790         $ 3,973   
Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Pro Forma) (Buying Fund)    1 year        3 years        5 years        10 years  

Class 1

   $ 101         $ 409         $ 740         $ 1,675   

Class 2

   $ 126         $ 487         $ 871         $ 1,884   

Because none of the share classes have deferred sales charges, you would pay the same costs shown in the tables above if you did not redeem your shares at the end of the periods indicated.

 

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Portfolio Turnover. Each Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. Those costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example expenses, affect a Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was the following percentage of the average value of the Fund’s portfolio:

 

Fund

   Percentage of the
Average Value of
the Fund’s Portfolio
 

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Selling Fund)

     147

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Buying Fund)

     153

 

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Proposal 1. Comparison of Objectives, Strategies and Risks. Reorganization of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series into RiverSource Variable Portfolio — S&P 500 Index Fund

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

Both the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund:

 

 

Have Columbia Management as investment manager.

 

 

Have the same policies for buying and selling shares and the same exchange rights. Please see Exhibit B for a description of these policies for the Buying Fund.

 

 

Are structured as series of an open-end management investment company. Each Fund is organized as a series of a Massachusetts business trust. Please see Exhibit C to this combined proxy statement/prospectus for more information regarding the differences between the rights of shareholders of the Selling Fund and shareholders of the Buying Fund.

Comparison of Investment Objectives

The investment objectives of the Funds are as follows:

Selling Fund: Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series seeks total return before fees and expenses that corresponds to the total return of the Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 500 Index (S&P 500 or the Index).

Buying Fund: RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund seeks to provide shareholders with long-term capital appreciation.

The Selling Fund seeks total return before fees and expenses that corresponds to the total return of the S&P 500, while the Buying Fund seeks long-term capital appreciation.

Because any investment involves risk, there can be no assurance that a Fund’s investment objective will be achieved. The investment objective of the Buying Fund may be changed only with shareholder approval, while the investment objective of the Selling Fund may be changed without shareholder approval.

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

The Selling Fund and the Buying Fund have generally similar principal investment strategies. Each Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets in securities that are contained in the Index. The Buying Fund may hold cash, cash equivalents and investment grade short-term fixed income securities as a principal investment strategy; the Selling Fund has no similar principal investment strategy, though it may hold such assets.

Additional information regarding the principal investment strategies of each Fund is set forth below:

 

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

(Selling Fund)

  

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund

(Buying Fund)

Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in common stocks that comprise the Index.

 

The Fund’s 80% policy may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval as long as shareholders are given 60 days notice of the change.

  

The Fund invests in common stocks included in the Index. The S&P 500 is made up primarily of large-capitalization companies that represent a broad spectrum of the U.S. economy. Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets in securities that are contained in the S&P 500.

 

The Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ notice of any change in the 80% policy.

The Fund may invest in derivatives, consisting of stock index futures or options, as substitutes for the underlying securities in the Index.   

Columbia Management will use various techniques, such as buying and selling options and futures contracts, to increase or decrease the Fund’s exposure to changing security prices or other factors that may affect security values.

 

  

The Fund may hold cash or its equivalent or invest in investment grade short-term fixed income securities.

 

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Buying Fund Investment Style

A description of the investment style of the Buying Fund is set forth below.

The Buying Fund follows a passive or indexing investment approach in an attempt to mirror the performance of the Index. Keep in mind that the Buying Fund has operating expenses and transaction costs, while the Index does not. This means that, while the Buying Fund may track the Index closely, it is typically unable to match the performance of the Index exactly. While there is no guarantee, Columbia Management expects the correlation between the Buying Fund and the Index to be at least 0.95. A correlation of 1.00 means the return of the Buying Fund can be completely explained by the return of the Index.

Columbia Management will use various techniques, such as buying and selling options and futures contracts, to increase or decrease the Buying Fund’s exposure to changing security prices or other factors that may affect security values. Columbia Management will monitor the performance of the Buying Fund against the Index and will adjust the Buying Fund’s holdings, as necessary, to minimize tracking error. In the event a correlation of 0.95 or better is not achieved, the Buying Fund’s board of trustees will consider alternative arrangements.

The Buying Fund may change its target index for a different index if the current index is discontinued or if the Buying Fund’s board of trustees believes a different index would better enable the Buying Fund to match the performance of the market segment represented by the current index. The substitute index will measure the same general segment of the market as the current index.

Although index funds, by their nature, tend to be tax-efficient investments, the Buying Fund generally is managed without regard to tax efficiency. In evaluating whether to sell a security, Columbia Management considers, among other factors, whether:

 

 

The security continues to be included in the Index.

 

 

Corporate actions have affected the company’s security (such as corporate reorganizations, mergers or acquisitions).

 

 

A company’s market weighting otherwise changes with respect to the Index.

 

 

Timing of cash flows in and out of the Buying Fund requires Columbia Management to sell a security.

Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

Comparison of Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the fundamental investment policies of the Buying Fund. Columbia Management does not believe that the differences between the fundamental investment policies of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund result in any material difference in the way the Funds have been managed or in the way the combined Fund will be managed. A “fundamental” investment policy is one that may not be changed without a shareholder vote.

 

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The Funds’ fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Policy

  

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

(Selling Fund)

  

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500

Index Fund (Buying Fund)

Borrowing/Issuing

Senior Securities

   The Fund may not borrow money or issue senior securities except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.   

The Fund will not borrow money, except for temporary purposes (not for leveraging or investment) in an amount not exceeding 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) less liabilities (other than borrowings) immediately after the borrowings.

 

The Fund will not issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

Commodities    The Fund may not purchase or sell commodities, except that the Fund may to the extent consistent with its investment objective: (i) invest in securities of companies that purchase or sell commodities or which invest in such programs, (ii) purchase and sell options, forward contracts, futures contracts, and options on futures contracts and (iii) enter into swap contracts and other financial transactions relating to commodities. This limitation does not apply to foreign currency transactions including without limitation forward currency contracts.    The Fund will not buy or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the Fund from buying or selling options and futures contracts or from investing in securities or other instruments backed by, or whose value is derived from, physical commodities.
Diversification    The Fund may not purchase securities (except securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities) of any one issuer if, as a result, more than 5% of its total assets will be invested in the securities of such issuer or it would own more than 10% of the voting securities of such issuer, except that: (i) up to 25% of its total assets may be invested without regard to these limitations and (ii) the Fund’s assets may be invested in the securities of one or more management investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder, and any applicable exemptive relief.   

The Fund will not purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of an issuer, except that up to 25% of the Fund’s assets may be invested without regard to this 10% limitation.

 

The Fund will not invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of any company, government, or political subdivision thereof, except the limitation will not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or other investment companies, and except that up to 25% of the fund’s total assets may be invested without regard to this 5% limitation.

Industry

Concentration

   The Fund may not purchase any securities which would cause 25% or more of the value of its total assets at the time of purchase to be invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their    The Fund will not concentrate in any one industry. According to the Securities and Exchange Commission, this means that up to 25% of the Fund’s total assets, based on current market value at time of purchase, can be invested in any one industry.

 

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Policy

  

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

(Selling Fund)

  

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500

Index Fund (Buying Fund)

   principal business activities in the same industry, provided that: (i) there is no limitation with respect to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, any state or territory of the United States or any of their agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions; and (ii) notwithstanding this limitation or any other fundamental investment limitation, assets may be invested in the securities of one or more management investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.   
Lending    The Fund may not make loans, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.    The Fund will not lend securities or participate in an interfund lending program if the total of all such loans would exceed 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets except this fundamental investment policy shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing money market securities, loans, loan participation or other debt securities, or from entering into repurchase agreements.
Real Estate    The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate, except the Fund may: (i) purchase securities of issuers which deal or invest in real estate, (ii) purchase securities which are secured by real estate or interests in real estate and (iii) hold and dispose of real estate or interests in real estate acquired through the exercise of its rights as a holder of securities which are secured by real estate or interests therein.    The Fund will not buy or sell real estate, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the Fund from investing in securities or other instruments backed by real estate or securities of companies engaged in the real estate business or real estate investment trusts. For purposes of this policy, real estate includes real estate limited partnerships.
Underwriting    The Fund may not underwrite any issue of securities issued by other persons within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except when it might be deemed to be an underwriter either: (i) in connection with the disposition of a portfolio security; or (ii) in connection with the purchase of securities directly from the issuer thereof in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective. This restriction shall not limit the Fund’s ability to invest in securities issued by other registered investment companies.    The Fund will not act as an underwriter (sell securities for others). However, under the securities laws, the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter when it purchases securities directly from the issuer and later resells them.

 

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Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

Comparison of Non-Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the non-fundamental investment policies (policies that may be changed without a shareholder vote) of the Buying Fund. Columbia Management does not believe that the differences between the non-fundamental policies of the Funds result in any material differences in the way the Funds have been managed or in the way the combined Fund will be managed.

The Funds’ non-fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Policy

  

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

(Selling Fund)

  

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500

Index Fund (Buying Fund)

Illiquid

Securities

   The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid assets.    No more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets will be held in securities and other instruments that are illiquid.

Purchasing Securities on

Margin

   The Fund may not purchase securities on margin, but it may receive short-term credit to clear securities transactions and may make initial or maintenance margin deposits in connection with futures transactions    No stated policy

Securities of

Open-End

Investment

Companies

   The Fund may not purchase securities of other investment companies except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief. If shares of the Fund are purchased by another fund in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act, for so long as shares of the Fund are held by such fund, the Fund will not purchase securities of a registered open-end investment company or registered unit investment trust in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act.    No stated policy.
Short Sales    The Fund may not have a short securities position, unless the Fund owns, or owns rights (exercisable without payment) to acquire, an equal amount of such securities    No stated policy.

Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided below.

 

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Comparison of Principal Risks

Although the Funds describe them somewhat differently, the principal risks associated with investments in the Buying Fund and the Selling Fund are generally similar because the Funds have similar investment objectives, principal investment strategies and investment policies. The actual risks of investing in each Fund depend on the securities held in each Fund’s portfolio and on market conditions, both of which change over time. The Buying Fund is subject to the principal risks described below. Similarities and material differences between the Buying Fund’s principal risks and those of the Selling Fund are also identified below.

 

 

Derivatives Risk – Derivatives are financial instruments that have a value which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of something else, such as one or more underlying securities, pools of securities, options, futures, indexes or currencies. Losses involving derivative instruments may be substantial, because a relatively small price movement in the underlying security(ies), instrument, currency or index may result in a substantial loss for the Buying Fund. In addition to the potential for increased losses, the use of derivative instruments may lead to increased volatility within the Buying Fund. Derivative instruments in which the Buying Fund invests will typically increase the Buying Fund’s exposure to principal risks to which it is otherwise exposed, and may expose the Buying Fund to additional risks, including correlation risk, counterparty credit risk, hedging risk, leverage risk and liquidity risk.

Correlation risk is related to hedging risk and is the risk that there may be an incomplete correlation between the hedge and the opposite position, which may result in increased or unanticipated losses.

Counterparty credit risk is the risk that a counterparty to the derivative instrument becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, and the Buying Fund may obtain no recovery of its investment or may only obtain a limited recovery, and any recovery may be delayed.

Hedging risk is the risk that derivative instruments used to hedge against an opposite position may offset losses, but they may also offset gains. There is no guarantee that a hedging strategy will eliminate the risk which the hedging strategy is intended to offset, which may lead to losses within the Buying Fund.

Leverage risk is the risk that losses from the derivative instrument may be greater than the amount invested in the derivative instrument.

Liquidity risk is the risk that the derivative instrument may be difficult or impossible to sell or terminate, which may cause the Fund to be in a position to do something Columbia Management would not otherwise choose, including accepting a lower price for the derivative instrument, selling other investments or foregoing another, more appealing investment opportunity. Derivative instruments which are not traded on an exchange, including, but not limited to, forward contracts, swaps and over-the-counter options, may have increased liquidity risk.

Certain derivatives have the potential for unlimited losses, regardless of the size of the initial investment. See the Merger SAI for more information on derivative instruments and related risks.

The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Indexing Risk – The Buying Fund is managed to an index and the Buying Fund’s performance therefore is expected to rise and fall as the performance of the index rises and falls. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Market Risk – The market value of securities may fall or fail to risk. Market risk may affect a single issuer, sector of the economy, industry, or the market as a whole. The market value of securities may fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Quantitative Model Risk – Securities selected using quantitative methods may perform differently from the market as a whole for many reasons, including the factors used in building the quantitative analytical framework, the weights placed on each factor, and changing sources of market returns, among others. There can be no assurance that these methodologies will enable the Buying Fund to achieve its objective. The Selling Fund is not subject to this principal risk.

 

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Tracking Error Risk – The Buying Fund will not track the index perfectly because differences between the index and the Buying Fund’s portfolio can cause differences in performance. Columbia Management purchases securities and other instruments in an attempt to replicate the performance of the index. However, the tools that Columbia Management uses to replicate the index are not perfect and the Buying Fund’s performance is affected by factors such as the size of the Buying Fund’s portfolio, the effectiveness of sampling techniques, transaction costs, management fees and expenses, brokerage commissions and fees, the extent and timing of cash flows in and out of the Buying Fund and changes in the index. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

Performance

The following bar charts and tables provide some illustration of the risks of investing in the Funds by showing, respectively:

 

 

how each Fund’s performance has varied for each full calendar year shown in the bar chart; and

 

 

how each Fund’s average annual total returns compare to certain measures of market performance shown in the table.

Both the bar charts and the tables assume that all distributions have been reinvested. The performance of different classes varies because of differences in fees and expenses. How a Fund has performed in the past does not indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. The performance shown reflects any fee waiver or expense reimbursement arrangements in effect for the periods reported. In the absence of such fee waiver or expense reimbursement arrangements, the performance shown would have been lower.

Bar Charts. Class A or Class 3 share information, as applicable, is shown in the bar charts.

Tables. The tables below show total returns from hypothetical investments in the indicated classes of shares of each Fund. The returns shown are compared to measures of market performance shown for the same periods.

For RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund, returns shown are for Class 3 shares of the Fund. Class 1 and Class 2 shares are new and therefore performance information for those classes is not shown. Class 1 and Class 2 shares would have substantially similar annual returns because the shares are invested in the same portfolio of securities and the annual returns would differ only to the extent that the classes do not have the same expenses. If the returns for Class 3 shares were adjusted to reflect the expenses of Class 1 shares and Class 2 shares, the returns shown would be higher for Class 1 shares and lower for Class 2 shares.

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

CLASS A SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

 

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During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +15.93% (quarter ended June 30, 2009) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -22.09% (quarter ended December 31, 2008).

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class A shares’ year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +4.38%.

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — S&P 500 Index Fund (Buying Fund)

CLASS 3 SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +15.79% (quarter ended June 30, 2009) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -21.84% (quarter ended December 31, 2008).

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class 3 shares’ year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +3.65%.

Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      Since Inception
(May 30, 2000)
 

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

        

Class A

        

Return before taxes

     +26.37%         +0.09%         -0.95%   

Class B

        

Return before taxes

     +25.96%         -0.17%         -1.13%   

S&P 500® Index (reflects no deductions for fees or expenses)

     +26.46%         +0.42%         -0.38%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

 

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Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      Since Inception
(May 1, 2000)
 

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund

(Buying Fund)

        

Class 3

        

Return before taxes

     +26.00%         +0.03%         -1.48%   

S&P 500 Index (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses)

     +26.46%         +0.42%         -1.01%   

Lipper S&P 500 Objective Funds Index

     +26.31%         +0.23%         -1.25%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

 

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Proposal 2. Comparison of Objectives, Strategies and Risks. Reorganization of Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series into Seligman Variable Portfolio — Growth Fund

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

The Selling Fund and the Buying Fund:

 

 

Have Columbia Management as investment manager.

 

 

Have the same policies for buying and selling shares and the same exchange rights. Please see Exhibit B for a description of these policies for the Buying Fund.

 

 

Are structured as series of an open-end management investment company. Each Fund is organized as a series of a Massachusetts business trust. Please see Exhibit C to this combined proxy statement/prospectus for more information regarding the differences between the rights of shareholders of the Selling Fund and shareholders of the Buying Fund.

Comparison of Investment Objectives

The investment objectives of the Funds are as follows:

Selling Fund: Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series seeks long-term capital appreciation.

Buying Fund: Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund seeks to provide shareholders with long-term capital growth.

Each Fund seeks generally the same investment objective.

Because any investment involves risk, there can be no assurance that any Fund’s investment objective will be achieved. The investment objective of the Buying Fund may be changed only with shareholder approval, while the investment objective of the Selling Fund may be changed without shareholder approval.

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

The Selling Fund and the Buying Fund have generally similar principal investment strategies. Each Fund normally invests in common stocks of large companies with market capitalizations in the range of the Russell 1000® Growth Index. The Selling Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in common stocks, while the Buying Fund is not similarly constrained. Up to 20% of the Selling Fund’s net assets may be invested in foreign investments, whereas the Buying Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign investments.

Additional information regarding the principal investment strategies of each Fund is set forth below:

 

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund

(Buying Fund)

Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in common stocks, primarily of large-capitalization companies. These companies generally have market capitalizations in the range of companies in the Russell 1000® Growth Index at the time of purchase (between $727 million and $311.6 billion as of September 30, 2010).

   The Fund invests primarily in common stocks of large U.S. companies that fall within the range of the Russell 1000® Growth Index. The market capitalization range of the companies included within the Russell 1000® Growth Index was from $727 million to $311.6 billion as of September 30, 2010. The Fund can invest in securities of companies of any size, including small and mid-capitalization companies.

 

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Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund

(Buying Fund)

The Fund may also invest up to 20% of its total assets in foreign securities. The Fund may invest directly in foreign securities or indirectly through depositary receipts. Depositary receipts are receipts issued by a bank or trust company and evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by foreign companies.

   Up to 25% of the Fund’s net assets may be invested in foreign investments.

The Fund may invest in derivatives, including futures, forwards, options, swap contracts and other derivative instruments. The Fund may invest in derivatives for both hedging and non-hedging purposes, including, for example, to seek to enhance returns or as a substitute for a position in an underlying asset.

   Columbia Management may invest in derivatives such as futures, options, forward contracts and structured investments, to produce incremental earnings, to hedge existing positions, or to increase flexibility.

The Fund may from time to time emphasize one or more economic sectors in selecting its investments.

  

Buying Fund Investment Style

A description of the investment style of the Buying Fund is set forth below.

Columbia Management chooses stocks for the Buying Fund through fundamental analysis, considering both qualitative and quantitative factors.

In selecting individual securities for investment, Columbia Management looks to identify large companies that it believes display certain characteristics, including but not limited to, one or more of the following:

 

 

Strong or improving company fundamentals;

 

 

Strong management;

 

 

Market earnings expectations are at or below Columbia Management’s estimates;

 

 

Potential for improvement in overall operations (a catalyst for growth in revenues and/or earnings);

 

 

Low valuations relative to projected earnings growth rates (i.e., low price/earnings ratio); and/or

 

 

Potential for above-average growth.

The Buying Fund will generally sell a stock when Columbia Management believes that:

 

 

The company fundamentals have deteriorated;

 

 

The company’s catalyst for growth is already reflected in the stock’s price (i.e., the stock is fully valued); and/or

 

 

Columbia Management’s price target has been met.

Columbia Management may actively and frequently trade securities in the Buying Fund’s portfolio to carry out its principal investment strategies.

Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

 

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Comparison of Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the fundamental investment policies of the Buying Fund. Columbia Management does not believe that the differences between the fundamental investment policies of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund result in any material difference in the way the Funds have been managed or in the way the combined Fund will be managed. A “fundamental” investment policy is one that may not be changed without a shareholder vote.

The Funds’ fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Policy

  

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund,

Variable Series (Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio –

Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

Borrowing/

Issuing Senior

Securities

   The Fund may not borrow money or issue senior securities except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.   

The Fund will not borrow money, except for temporary purposes (not for leveraging or investment) in an amount not exceeding 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) less liabilities (other than borrowings) immediately after the borrowings.

 

The Fund will not issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

Commodities    The Fund may not purchase or sell commodities, except that the Fund may to the extent consistent with its investment objective: (i) invest in securities of companies that purchase or sell commodities or which invest in such programs, (ii) purchase and sell options, forward contracts, futures contracts, and options on futures contracts and (iii) enter into swap contracts and other financial transactions relating to commodities. This limitation does not apply to foreign currency transactions including without limitation forward currency contracts.    The Fund will not buy or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the Fund from buying or selling options and futures contracts or from investing in securities or other instruments backed by, or whose value is derived from, physical commodities.
Diversification    The Fund may not purchase securities (except securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities) of any one issuer if, as a result, more than 5% of its total assets will be invested in the securities of such issuer or it would own more than 10% of the voting securities of such issuer, except that: (i) up to 25% of its total assets may be invested without regard to these limitations and (ii) the Fund’s assets may be invested in the securities of one or more management investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder, and any applicable exemptive relief.   

The Fund will not purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of an issuer, except that up to 25% of the Fund’s assets may be invested without regard to this 10% limitation.

 

The Fund will not invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of any company, government, or political subdivision thereof, except the limitation will not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or other investment companies, and except that up to 25% of the Fund’s total assets may be invested without regard to this 5% limitation.

 

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Policy

  

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund,

Variable Series (Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio –

Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

Industry

Concentration

   The Fund may not purchase any securities which would cause 25% or more of the value of its total assets at the time of purchase to be invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry, provided that: (i) there is no limitation with respect to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, any state or territory of the United States or any of their agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions; and (ii) notwithstanding this limitation or any other fundamental investment limitation, assets may be invested in the securities of one or more management investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.    The Fund will not concentrate in any one industry. According to the present interpretation by the SEC, this means that up to 25% of the Fund’s total assets, based on current market value at time of purchase, can be invested in any one industry.
Lending    The Fund may not make loans, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.    The Fund will not lend securities or participate in an interfund lending program if the total of all such loans would exceed 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets except this fundamental investment policy shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing money market securities, loans, loan participation or other debt securities, or from entering into repurchase agreements.
Real Estate    The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate, except the Fund may: (i) purchase securities of issuers which deal or invest in real estate, (ii) purchase securities which are secured by real estate or interests in real estate and (iii) hold and dispose of real estate or interests in real estate acquired through the exercise of its rights as a holder of securities which are secured by real estate or interests therein.    The Fund will not buy or sell real estate, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the Fund from investing in securities or other instruments backed by real estate or securities of companies engaged in the real estate business or real estate investment trusts. For purposes of this policy, real estate includes real estate limited partnerships.
Underwriting    The Fund may not underwrite any issue of securities issued by other persons within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except when it might be deemed to be an underwriter either: (i) in connection with the disposition of a portfolio security; or (ii) in connection with the purchase of securities directly from the issuer thereof in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective. This restriction shall not limit the Fund’s ability to invest in securities issued by other registered investment companies.    The Fund will not act as an underwriter (sell securities for others). However, under the securities laws, the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter when it purchases securities directly from the issuer and later resells them.

 

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Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

Comparison of Non-Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the non-fundamental investment policies (policies that may be changed without a shareholder vote) of the Buying Fund. Columbia Management does not believe that the differences between the non-fundamental policies of the Funds result in any material differences in the way the Funds have been managed or in the way the combined Fund will be managed.

The Funds’ non-fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Policy

  

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series
(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund
(Buying Fund)

Dealings with Trustees and Officers    The Fund may not purchase portfolio securities for the Fund from, or sell portfolio securities to, any of the officers and trustees of the Trust or of Columbia Management.    No stated policy.
Foreign Securities    The Fund may invest up to 20% of its total assets in foreign securities.    The Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in foreign securities.
Illiquid Securities    The Fund may not invest more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets (taken at market value at the time of each purchase) in illiquid securities including repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days.    No more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets will be held in securities and other instruments that are illiquid.

Investments to

Control or

Manage

   The Fund may not invest in companies for the purpose of exercising control or management.    No stated policy.

Options and

Futures

  

The Fund may not write an option on a security unless, in compliance with SEC requirements, cash or liquid securities equal in value to the commodity value (less any applicable margin deposits) have been deposited in a segregated account.

 

The Fund may buy or sell an option on a security, a futures contract or an option on a futures contract so long as the total initial margin and premiums on the contracts do not exceed 5% of its total assets.

 

The Fund may not purchase a put or call option if the aggregate premiums paid for all put and call options exceed 20% of its net assets (less the amount by which any such positions are in-the-money), excluding put and call options purchased as closing transactions.

   No stated policy.

 

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Policy

  

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series
(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund
(Buying Fund)

Pledges,

Mortgages and

Hypothecations

   The Fund may not mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or in any manner transfer, as security for indebtedness, any securities owned or held by it, except as may be necessary in connection with (i) permitted borrowings and (ii) options, futures and options on futures.    No stated policy.

Securities of

Open-End

Investment

Companies

  

The Fund may not purchase securities of other investment companies except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief. If shares of the Fund are purchased by another fund in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act, for so long as shares of the Fund are held by such fund, the Fund will not purchase securities of a registered open-end investment company or registered unit investment trust in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act.

 

The Fund may not purchase more than 3% of the stock of another investment company; or purchase stock of other investment companies equal to more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets (valued at time of purchase) in the case of any one other investment company and 10% of such assets (valued at the time of purchase) in the case of all other investment companies in the aggregate; any such purchases are to be made in the open market where no profit to a sponsor or dealer results from the purchase, other than the customary broker’s commission, except for securities acquired as part of a merger, consolidation or acquisition of assets.

   No stated policy.

Short Selling/

Margin

Purchases

   The Fund may not purchase securities on margin (except for use of short-term credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions), make short sales of securities, or participate on a joint or a joint and several basis in any trading account in securities (except in connection with transactions in options, futures, and options on futures).    No stated policy.
Warrants    The Fund may not invest more than 5% of its net assets (valued at time of purchase) in warrants, nor more than 2% of its net assets in warrants that are not listed on the New York or American Stock Exchanges.    No stated policy.

 

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Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided below.

Comparison of Principal Risks

Although the Funds describe them somewhat differently, the principal risks associated with investments in the Buying Fund and the Selling Fund are generally similar because the Funds have similar investment objectives, principal investment strategies and investment policies. The actual risks of investing in each Fund depend on the securities held in each Fund’s portfolio and on market conditions, both of which change over time. The Buying Fund is subject to the principal risks described below. Similarities and material differences between the Buying Fund’s principal risks and those of the Selling Fund are also identified below.

 

 

Active Management Risk – The Buying Fund is actively managed and its performance therefore will reflect in part the ability of the portfolio managers to select securities and to make investment decisions that are suited to achieving the Buying Fund’s investment objective. Due to its active management, the Buying Fund could underperform other mutual funds with similar investment objectives. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Derivatives Risk – Derivatives are financial instruments that have a value which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of something else, such as one or more underlying securities, pools of securities, options, futures, indexes or currencies. Losses involving derivative instruments may be substantial, because a relatively small price movement in the underlying security(ies), instrument, currency or index may result in a substantial loss for the Buying Fund. In addition to the potential for increased losses, the use of derivative instruments may lead to increased volatility within the Buying Fund. Derivative instruments in which the Buying Fund invests will typically increase the Buying Fund’s exposure to principal risks to which it is otherwise exposed, and may expose the Buying Fund to additional risks, including correlation risk, counterparty credit risk, hedging risk, leverage risk and liquidity risk.

Correlation risk is related to hedging risk and is the risk that there may be an incomplete correlation between the hedge and the opposite position, which may result in increased or unanticipated losses.

Counterparty credit risk is the risk that a counterparty to the derivative instrument becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, and the Buying Fund may obtain no recovery of its investment or may only obtain a limited recovery, and any recovery may be delayed.

Hedging risk is the risk that derivative instruments used to hedge against an opposite position may offset losses, but they may also offset gains. There is no guarantee that a hedging strategy will eliminate the risk which the hedging strategy is intended to offset, which may lead to losses within the Buying Fund.

Leverage risk is the risk that losses from the derivative instrument may be greater than the amount invested in the derivative instrument.

Liquidity risk is the risk that the derivative instrument may be difficult or impossible to sell or terminate, which may cause the Fund to be in a position to do something Columbia Management would not otherwise choose, including accepting a lower price for the derivative instrument, selling other investments or foregoing another, more appealing investment opportunity. Derivative instruments which are not traded on an exchange, including, but not limited to, forward contracts, swaps and over-the-counter options, may have increased liquidity risk.

Certain derivatives have the potential for unlimited losses, regardless of the size of the initial investment. See the Merger SAI for more information on derivative instruments and related risks.

The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

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Risks of Foreign Investing – Foreign securities are securities of issuers based outside the United States. An issuer is deemed to be based outside the United States if it is organized under the laws of another country. Foreign securities are primarily denominated in foreign currencies. In addition to the risks normally associated with domestic securities of the same type, foreign securities are subject to the following foreign risks:

Country risk includes the political, economic, and other conditions of the country. These conditions include lack of publicly available information, less government oversight (including lack of accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards), the possibility of government-imposed restrictions, and even the nationalization of assets. The liquidity of foreign investments may be more limited than for most U.S. investments, which means that, at times it may be difficult to sell foreign securities at desirable prices.

Currency risk results from the constantly changing exchange rate between local currency and the U.S. dollar. Whenever the Buying Fund holds securities valued in a foreign currency or holds the currency, changes in the exchange rate add to or subtract from the value of the investment.

Custody risk refers to the process of clearing and settling trades. It also covers holding securities with local agents and depositories. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle. Local agents are held only to the standard of care of the local market. Governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. The less developed a country’s securities market is, the greater the likelihood of problems occurring.

The Selling Fund is also subject to these principal risks.

 

 

Issuer Risk – An issuer may perform poorly, and therefore, the value of its securities may decline. Poor performance may be caused by poor management decisions, competitive pressures, breakthroughs in technology, reliance on suppliers, labor problems or shortages, corporate restructurings, fraudulent disclosures or other factors. The Selling Fund is also subject to this risk.

 

 

Market Risk – The market value of securities may fall or fail to risk. Market risk may affect a single issuer, sector of the economy, industry, or the market as a whole. The market value of securities may fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. These risks are generally great for small and mid-sized companies, which tend to be more vulnerable than large companies to adverse developments. In addition, focus on a particular style, for example, investment in growth or value securities, may cause the Buying Fund to underperform other mutual funds if that style falls out of favor with the market. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Portfolio Turnover Risk – Columbia Management may actively and frequently trade securities in the Buying Fund’s portfolio to carry out its principal strategies. A high portfolio turnover rate increases transaction costs, which may increase the Buying Fund’s expenses. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Small and Mid-Sized Company Risk – Investments in small and medium sized companies often involve greater risks than investments in larger, more established companies because small and medium companies may lack the management experience, financial resources, product diversification, experience and competitive strengths of larger companies. Additionally, in many instances the securities of small and medium companies are traded only over-the-counter or on regional securities exchanges and the frequency and volume of their trading is substantially less and may be more volatile than is typical of larger companies. The Selling Fund is not subject to small and mid-sized company risk as a principal risk, but may be subject to such risk to the extent of its investments, if any, in small and mid-sized companies.

 

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Performance

The following bar charts and tables provide some illustration of the risks of investing in the Funds by showing, respectively:

 

 

how each Fund’s performance has varied for each full calendar year shown in the bar chart; and

 

 

how each Fund’s average annual total returns compare to certain measures of market performance shown in the table.

Both the bar charts and the tables assume that all distributions have been reinvested. The performance of different classes varies because of differences in fees and expenses. How a Fund has performed in the past does not indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. The performance shown reflects any fee waiver or expense reimbursement arrangements in effect for the periods reported. In the absence of such fee waiver or expense reimbursement arrangements, the performance shown would have been lower.

Bar Charts. Class A or Class 3 share information, as applicable, is shown in the bar charts.

Tables. The tables below show total returns from hypothetical investments in the indicated classes of shares of each Fund. The returns shown are compared to measures of market performance shown for the same periods.

For Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund, returns shown are for Class 3 shares of the Fund. Class 1 and Class 2 shares are new and therefore performance information for those classes is not shown. Class 1 and Class 2 shares would have substantially similar annual returns because the shares are invested in the same portfolio of securities and the annual returns would differ only to the extent that the classes do not have the same expenses. If the returns for Class 3 shares were adjusted to reflect the expenses of Class 1 shares and Class 2 shares, the returns shown would be higher for Class 1 shares and lower for Class 2 shares.

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

CLASS A SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +15.68% (quarter ended June 30, 2009) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -23.30% (quarter ended December 31, 2008).

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class A shares’ year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +4.26%.

 

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Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

CLASS 3 SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +18.16% (quarter ended December 31, 2001) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -28.79% (quarter ended September 30, 2001).

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class 3 shares’ year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +3.93%.

Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      10 years  

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

        

Class A

        

Return before taxes

     +34.81%         +1.43%         -4.81%   

Class B(2)

        

Return before taxes

     +34.60%         +1.26%         -4.98%   

Russell 1000 Growth Index (reflects no deductions for fees or expenses)

     +37.21%         +1.63%         -3.99%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

(2)

The returns shown for Class B shares for periods prior to June 1, 2000, the date on which Class B shares were initially offered by the Fund, include the returns of the Fund’s Class A shares. Those returns do not reflect differences in expenses between Class A and Class B shares, if any, and would be lower if they did.

 

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Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      10 years  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

        

Class 3*

        

Return before taxes

     +37.00%         -1.06%         -6.44%   

Russell 1000 Growth Index (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses)

     +37.21%         +1.63%         -3.99%   

Lipper Large-Cap Growth Funds Index

     +38.50%         +1.01%         -4.51%   

 

* Returns shown are for Class 3 shares of the Fund. Class 1 and Class 2 shares are new and therefore performance information for those classes is not shown. Class 1 and Class 2 shares would have substantially similar annual returns because the shares are invested in the same portfolio of securities and the annual returns would differ only to the extent that the classes do not have the same expenses. If the returns for Class 3 shares were adjusted to reflect the expenses of Class 1 shares and Class 2 shares, the returns shown would be higher for Class 1 shares and lower for Class 2 shares.
(1)

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

Proposal 3. Comparison of Objectives, Strategies and Risks. Reorganization of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio — Larger-Cap Value Fund

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

The Selling Fund and the Buying Fund:

 

 

Have Columbia Management as investment manager.

 

 

Have the same policies for buying and selling shares and the same exchange rights. Please see Exhibit B for a description of these policies for the Buying Fund.

 

 

Are structured as series of an open-end management investment company. The Selling Fund is organized as a series of a Maryland corporation, and the Buying Fund is organized as a series of a Massachusetts business trust. Please see Exhibit C to this combined proxy statement/prospectus for more information regarding the differences between the rights of shareholders of the Selling Fund and shareholders of the Buying Fund.

Comparison of Investment Objectives

The investment objectives of the Funds are as follows:

Selling Fund: Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio seeks to provide shareholders with long-term capital appreciation.

Buying Fund: Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund seeks to provide shareholders with long-term growth of capital.

Each Fund seeks generally the same investment objective.

Because any investment involves risk, there can be no assurance that a Fund’s investment objective will be achieved. The investment objective of each Fund may be changed only with shareholder approval.

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

The Selling Fund and the Buying Fund have generally similar principal investment strategies. Each Fund normally invests primarily in equity securities. The Selling Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in the common stock of “value” companies with market capitalizations of $4 billion or more, while the Buying Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of companies with a market capitalization greater than $5 billion. The Buying Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in foreign investments, while the Selling Fund is not similarly constrained.

 

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Additional information regarding the principal investment strategies of each Fund is set forth below:

 

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund

(Buying Fund)

Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (including the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in the common stock of “value” companies with large market capitalizations ($4 billion or more) at the time of purchase by the Fund. The Fund’s board of directors may change the parameters by which large market capitalization is defined if it concludes such a change is appropriate. The Fund considers “value” companies to be those companies believed by Columbia Management to be undervalued, either historically, by the market, or by their peers.

 

The Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ written notice of any change in the 80% policy.

  

Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets are invested in equity securities of companies with a market capitalization greater than $5 billion.

 

The Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ written notice of any change in the 80% policy.

The Fund can invest in any economic sector and, at times, it may emphasize one or more particular sectors.

   Up to 25% of the Fund’s net assets may be invested in foreign investments.

Buying Fund Investment Style

A description of the investment style of the Buying Fund is set forth below.

In selecting investments for the Buying Fund, Columbia Management seeks to identify value companies that it believes display certain characteristics, including but not limited to, one or more of the following:

 

 

A low price-to-earnings and/or low price-to book ratio;

 

 

Positive change in senior management;

 

 

Positive corporate restructuring;

 

 

Temporary setback in price due to factors that no longer exist;

 

 

A positive shift in the company’s business cycle; and/or

 

 

A catalyst for increase in the rate of the company’s earnings growth.

The Buying Fund generally holds a small number of securities because Columbia Management believes doing so allows it to adhere to its disciplined value investment approach. Columbia Management maintains close contact with the management of each company in which the Buying Fund invests or the third-party analysts covering such companies, and closely monitors the Buying Fund’s holdings, remaining sensitive to overvaluation and deteriorating fundamentals.

In deciding whether to sell a security, Columbia Management considers whether:

 

 

The security has become fully valued;

 

 

The security’s fundamentals have deteriorated; or

 

 

Ongoing evaluation reveals that there are more attractive investment opportunities available.

 

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Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

Comparison of Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the fundamental investment policies of the Buying Fund. Columbia Management does not believe that the differences between the fundamental investment policies of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund result in any material difference in the way the Funds have been managed or in the way the combined Fund will be managed. A “fundamental” investment policy is one that may not be changed without a shareholder vote.

The Funds’ fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Policy

  

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value
Fund (Buying Fund)

Borrowing / Issuing

Senior Securities

   The Fund may not issue senior securities or borrow money, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.   

The Fund will not borrow money, except for temporary purposes (not for leveraging or investment) in an amount not exceeding 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) less liabilities (other than borrowings) immediately after the borrowings.

 

The Fund will not issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

Commodities

   The Fund may not purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent permissible under applicable law and interpretations, as they may be amended from time to time.    The Fund will not buy or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the Fund from buying or selling options, futures contracts and foreign currency or from investing in securities or other instruments backed by, or whose value is derived from, physical commodities.

Diversification

   The Fund may not make any investment inconsistent with the Fund’s classification as a diversified company under the 1940 Act.   

The Fund will not purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of an issuer, except that up to 25% of the Fund’s assets may be invested without regard to this 10% limitation.

 

The Fund will not invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of any company, government, or political subdivision thereof, except the limitation will not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or other

 

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Policy

  

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

 

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value
Fund (Buying Fund)

     investment companies, and except that up to 25% of the Fund’s total assets may be invested without regard to this 5% limitation.

Industry

Concentration

  

The Fund may not invest 25% or more of its total assets, at market value, in the securities of issuers in any particular industry, provided that:

 

This limitation shall exclude securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities;

 

For the purpose of this limitation, mortgage-related securities do not constitute an industry.

  The Fund will not concentrate in any one industry. According to the present interpretation by the SEC, this means that up to 25% of the Fund’s total assets, based on current market value at time of purchase, can be invested in any one industry.

Lending

   The Fund may not make loans, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.   The Fund will not lend securities or participate in an interfund lending program if the total of all such loans would exceed 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets except this fundamental investment policy shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing money market securities, loans, loan participation or other debt securities, or from entering into repurchase agreements.

Purchasing Securities

on Margin

   The Fund may not purchase securities on margin except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.   No stated policy.

Real Estate

   The Fund may not purchase or hold any real estate, except the Fund may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by persons (including real estate investment trusts) which deal in real estate or interests therein.   The Fund will not buy or sell real estate, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the Fund from investing in securities or other instruments backed by real estate or securities of companies engaged in the real estate business or real estate investment trusts. For purposes of this policy, real estate includes real estate limited partnerships.

Underwriting

   The Fund may not underwrite the securities of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, in disposing of a portfolio security or in connection with investments in other investment companies.   The Fund will not act as an underwriter (sell securities for others). However, under the securities laws, the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter when it purchases securities directly from the issuer and later resells them.

 

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Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

Comparison of Non-Fundamental Investment Policies:

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the non-fundamental investment policies (policies that may be changed without a shareholder vote) of the Buying Fund. Columbia Management does not believe that the differences between the non-fundamental policies of the Funds result in any material differences in the way the Funds have been managed or in the way the combined Fund will be managed.

The Funds’ non-fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Policy

  

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap
Value Fund

(Buying Fund)

Dealing with Officers or Directors

   The Fund may not purchase securities from or sell securities to any of its officers or directors, except with respect to its own shares and as permissible under applicable statutes, rules and regulations.    No stated policy.

Illiquid Securities

   The Fund may not purchase illiquid securities for any Fund including repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days and securities that cannot be sold without registration or the filing of a notification under Federal or state securities laws, if, as a result, such investment would exceed 15% of the value of such Fund’s net assets.    No more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets will be held in securities and other instruments that are illiquid.

Oil, Gas or Other Mineral Exploration

   The Fund may not invest in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs; provided, however, that this investment restriction shall not prohibit a Fund from purchasing publicly-traded securities of companies engaging in whole or in part in such activities.    No stated policy.

Warrants

   The Fund may not invest more than 5% of the value of its net assets, valued at the lower of cost or market, in warrants, of which no more than 2% of net assets may be invested in warrants and rights not listed on the New York or American Stock Exchange. For this purpose, warrants acquired by the Fund in units or attached to securities may be deemed to have been purchased without cost.    No stated policy.

 

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Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided below.

Comparison of Principal Risks

Although the Funds describe them somewhat differently, the principal risks associated with investments in the Buying Fund and the Selling Fund are generally similar because the Funds have similar investment objectives, principal investment strategies and investment policies. The actual risks of investing in each Fund depend on the securities held in each Fund’s portfolio and on market conditions, both of which change over time. The Buying Fund is subject to the principal risks described below. Similarities and material differences between the Buying Fund’s principal risks and those of the Selling Fund are also identified below.

 

 

Active Management Risk – The Buying Fund is actively managed and its performance therefore will reflect in part the ability of the portfolio managers to select securities and to make investment decisions that are suited to achieving the Buying Fund’s investment objective. Due to its active management, the Buying Fund could underperform other mutual funds with similar investment objectives. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Focused Portfolio Risk – A fund that invests in a limited number of companies may have more volatility and is considered to have more risk than a fund that invests in a greater number of companies because changes in the value of single security may have a more significant effect, either negative or positive, on the fund’s net asset value. To the extent the Buying Fund invests its assets in fewer securities, the Buying Fund is subject to greater risk of loss if any of those securities declines in price. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Risks of Foreign Investing – Foreign securities are securities of issuers based outside the United States. An issuer is deemed to be based outside the United States if it is organized under the laws of another country. Foreign securities are primarily denominated in foreign currencies. In addition to the risks normally associated with domestic securities of the same type, foreign securities are subject to the following foreign risks:

Country risk includes the political, economic, and other conditions of the country. These conditions include lack of publicly available information, less government oversight (including lack of accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards), the possibility of government-imposed restrictions, and even the nationalization of assets. The liquidity of foreign investments may be more limited than for most U.S. investments, which means that, at times it may be difficult to sell foreign securities at desirable prices.

Currency risk results from the constantly changing exchange rate between local currency and the U.S. dollar. Whenever the Fund holds securities valued in a foreign currency or holds the currency, changes in the exchange rate add to or subtract from the value of the investment.

Custody risk refers to the process of clearing and settling trades. It also covers holding securities with local agents and depositories. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle. Local agents are held only to the standard of care of the local market. Governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. The less developed a country’s securities market is, the greater the likelihood of problems occurring.

The Selling Fund is not subject to risks of foreign investing as principal risks, but may be subject to such risks to the extent of its investments, if any, in foreign securities.

 

 

Issuer Risk – An issuer may perform poorly, and therefore, the value of its securities may decline. Poor performance may be caused by poor management decisions, competitive pressures, breakthroughs in technology, reliance on suppliers, labor problems or shortages, corporate restructurings, fraudulent disclosures or other factors. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

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Market Risk – The market value of securities may fall or fail to rise. Market risk may affect a single issuer, sector of the economy, industry, or the market as a whole. The market value of securities may fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. These risks are generally greater for small and mid-sized companies, which tend to be more vulnerable than large companies to adverse developments. In addition, focus on a particular style, for example, investment in growth or value securities, may cause the Buying Fund to underperform other mutual funds if that style falls out of favor with the market. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Sector Risk – If the Buying Fund emphasizes one or more economic sectors, it may be more susceptible to the financial, market or economic events affecting the particular issuers and industries in which it invests than funds that do not emphasize particular sectors. The more the Buying Fund diversifies across sectors, the more it spreads risk and potentially reduces the risks of loss and volatility. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Value Securities Risk – Value securities involve the risk that they may never reach what Columbia Management believes is their full market value either because the market fails to recognize the stock’s intrinsic worth or the investment manager misgauged that worth. They also may decline in price, even though in theory they are already undervalued. Because different types of stocks tend to shift in and out of favor depending on market and economic conditions, the Fund’s performance may sometimes be lower or higher than that of other types of funds (such as those emphasizing growth stocks). The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

Performance

The following bar charts and tables provide some illustration of the risks of investing in the Funds by showing, respectively:

 

 

how each Fund’s performance has varied for each full calendar year shown in the bar chart; and

 

 

how each Fund’s average annual total returns compare to certain measures of market performance shown in the table.

Both the bar charts and the tables assume that all distributions have been reinvested. The performance of different classes varies because of differences in fees and expenses. How a Fund has performed in the past does not indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. The performance shown reflects any fee waiver or expense reimbursement arrangements in effect for the periods reported. In the absence of such fee waiver or expense reimbursement arrangements, the performance shown would have been lower.

Bar Charts. Class 1 and Class 3 share information, as applicable, is shown in the bar charts.

Tables. The tables below show total returns from hypothetical investments in the indicated classes of shares of each Fund. The returns shown are compared to measures of market performance shown for the same periods.

For Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund, returns shown are for Class 3 shares of the Fund. Class 1 and Class 2 shares are new and therefore performance information for those classes is not shown. Class 1 and Class 2 shares would have substantially similar annual returns because the shares are invested in the same portfolio of securities and the annual returns would differ only to the extent that the classes do not have the same expenses. If the returns for Class 3 shares were adjusted to reflect the expenses of Class 1 shares and Class 2 shares, the returns shown would be higher for Class 1 shares and lower for Class 2 shares.

 

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Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

CLASS 1 SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +24.90% (quarter ended June 30, 2009) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -25.59% (quarter ended September 30, 2002).

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

The Fund’s Class 1 shares’ year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +6.07%.

Seligman Variable Portfolio — Larger-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

CLASS 3 SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +22.65% (quarter ended June 30, 2009) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -20.72% (quarter ended December 31, 2008).

 

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The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class 3 shares’ year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +7.17%.

Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      10 years  

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund):

        

Class 1

        

Return before taxes

     +30.23%         +2.10%         +3.10%   

Russell 1000 Value Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expense or taxes)

     +19.69%         -0.25%         +2.47%   

S&P 500 Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes)

     +26.46%         +0.42%         -0.95%   

Lipper Large-Cap Value Funds Index (reflects no deduction for taxes)(2)

     +24.96%         +0.28%         +0.85%   

Lipper Large-Cap Value Funds Average (reflects no deduction for taxes)

     +23.16%         -0.25%         +2.05%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

(2)

On January 1, 2010, the Lipper Large-Cap Value Funds Index (the Lipper Index) replaced the Lipper Large-Cap Value Funds Average (the Lipper Average) as one of the Fund’s benchmarks. The Lipper Average includes all funds categorized by Lipper within the broad universe of funds in the Lipper Average, whereas the Lipper Index includes only a select peer group from the Lipper Average. This change was made to bring the selection of the Fund’s benchmarks in line with the practice of the Combined Fund Complex, which would permit a common shareholder experience and provide a more focused peer group for performance comparison purposes. Information on both the Lipper Index and the Lipper Average will be included for a one-year transition period. Thereafter, only the Lipper Index will be included.

Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      Since Inception
(February 4, 2004)
 

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund
(Buying Fund):

        

Class 3

        

Return before taxes

     +26.12%         -1.10%         +0.76%   

Russell 1000 Value Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes)

     +19.69%         -0.25%         +2.22%   

S&P 500 Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

     +26.46%         +0.42%         +1.88%   

Lipper Large-Cap Value Funds Index (reflects no deduction for taxes)

     +24.96%         +0.28%         +1.98%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

 

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Proposal 4. Comparison of Objectives, Strategies and Risks. Reorganization of Seligman Capital Portfolio into Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

Both the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund:

 

 

Have Columbia Management as investment manager.

 

 

Have the same policies for buying and selling shares and the same exchange rights. Please see Exhibit B for a description of these policies for the Buying Fund.

 

 

Are structured as series of an open-end management investment company. The Selling Fund is organized as a series of a Maryland corporation, and the Buying Fund is organized as a series of a Delaware statutory trust. Please see Exhibit C to this combined proxy statement/prospectus for more information regarding the differences between the rights of shareholders of the Selling Fund and shareholders of the Buying Fund.

Comparison of Investment Objectives

The investment objectives of the Funds are as follows:

Selling Fund: Seligman Capital Portfolio seeks to provide shareholders with capital appreciation.

Buying Fund: Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series seeks long-term capital appreciation.

Each Fund seeks generally the same investment objective.

Because any investment involves risk, there can be no assurance that a Fund’s objective will be achieved. The investment objective of the Selling Fund may be changed only with shareholder approval, while the investment objective of the Buying Fund may be changed without shareholder approval.

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

The Selling Fund and the Buying Fund have generally similar principal investment strategies. Each Fund generally invests in equity securities of medium-capitalization companies. The Selling Fund generally invests in the common stock of medium-sized U.S. companies, while the Buying Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of U.S. companies that have market capitalizations in the range of companies in the Russell MidCap Growth Index at the time of purchase. The Selling Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in foreign investments, while the Buying Fund may invest up to 20% of its total assets in foreign securities. The Buying Fund may invest in special situations as principal investment strategies; the Selling Fund has no similar principal investment strategy, but may invest in special situations.

Additional information regarding the principal investment strategies of each Fund is set forth below:

 

Seligman Capital Portfolio

(the Selling Fund)

  

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

(the Buying Fund)

Generally, the Fund invests primarily in the common stock of medium-sized U.S. companies. Columbia Management defines medium-sized companies as companies with market capitalizations between $1 billion and $15 billion at the time of purchase by the Fund. The Fund’s board of directors may change the parameters by which “medium-sized companies” are defined if it concludes that such a change is appropriate.

   Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of U.S. companies that have market capitalizations in the range of companies in the Russell MidCap Growth Index at the time of purchase (between $727 million and $18.6 billion as of September 30, 2010).

 

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Seligman Capital Portfolio

(the Selling Fund)

  

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

(the Buying Fund)

The Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in foreign investments.

   The Fund may also invest up to 20% of its total assets in foreign securities. The Fund may invest directly in foreign securities or indirectly through depositary receipts.
   The Fund invests primarily in common stocks of companies that Columbia Management believes have the potential for long-term, above-average earnings growth.
   The Fund may invest in derivatives, including futures, forwards, options, swap contracts and other derivative instruments. The Fund may invest in derivatives for both hedging and non-hedging purposes, including, for example, to seek to enhance returns or as a substitute for a position in an underlying asset. The Fund may also invest in convertible securities, including preferred stock, warrants and debentures.
   The Fund may invest in special situations such as companies involved in initial public offerings, tender offers, mergers and other corporate restructurings, and in companies involved in management changes or companies developing new technologies.

Buying Fund Investment Style

A description of the investment style of the Buying Fund is set forth below.

Columbia Management combines fundamental and quantitative analysis with risk management in identifying investment opportunities and constructing the Buying Fund’s portfolio. Columbia Management considers, among other factors:

 

 

overall economic and market conditions.

 

 

the financial condition and management of a company, including its competitive position, the quality of its balance sheet and earnings, its future prospects, and the potential for growth and stock price appreciation.

The Buying Fund may from time to time emphasize one or more economic sectors in selecting its investments.

Columbia Management may sell a security when the security’s price reaches a target set by it; if Columbia Management believes that there is deterioration in the issuer’s financial circumstances or fundamental prospects, or that other investments are more attractive; or for other reasons.

The Buying Fund’s investment strategy may involve the frequent trading of portfolio securities. This may cause the Buying Fund to incur higher transaction costs (which may adversely affect the Buying Fund’s performance).

 

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Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

Comparison of Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the fundamental investment policies of the Buying Fund. Columbia Management does not believe that the differences between the fundamental investment policies of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund result in any material difference in the way the Funds have been managed or in the way the combined Fund will be managed. A “fundamental” investment policy is one that may not be changed without a shareholder vote.

The Funds’ fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Policy

  

Seligman Capital Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series
(Buying Fund)

Commodities

   The Fund may not purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent permissible under applicable law and interpretations, as they may be amended from time to time    The Fund may not purchase or sell commodities, except that the Fund may to the extent consistent with its investment objective, invest in securities of companies that purchase or sell commodities or which invest in such programs, and purchase and sell options, forward contracts, futures contracts, and options on futures contracts. This limitation does not apply to foreign currency transactions including without limitation forward currency contracts.

Borrowing
Money/Issuing Senior Securities

   The Fund may not issue senior securities or borrow money, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.    The Fund may not borrow money or issue senior securities except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

Lending

   The Fund may not make loans, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.    The Fund may not make loans, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

Underwriting

   The Fund may not underwrite the securities of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the 1933 Act in disposing of a portfolio security or in connection with investments in other investment companies.    The Fund may not underwrite any issue of securities issued by other persons within the meaning of the 1933 Act except when it might be deemed to be an underwriter either: (i) in connection with the disposition of a portfolio security; or (ii) in connection with the purchase of securities directly from the issuer thereof in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective. This restriction shall not limit the Fund’s ability to invest in securities issued by other registered investment companies.

 

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Policy

  

Seligman Capital Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series
(Buying Fund)

Real Estate

   The Fund may not purchase or hold any real estate, except the Fund may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by persons (including real estate investment trusts) which deal in real estate or interests therein.    The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate, except the Fund may purchase securities of issuers which deal or invest in real estate and may purchase securities which are secured by real estate or interests in real estate.

Diversification

   The Fund may not make any investment inconsistent with the Fund’s classification as a diversified company under the 1940 Act.    The Fund may not purchase securities (except securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities) of any one issuer if, as a result, more than 5% of its total assets will be invested in the securities of such issuer or it would own more than 10% of the voting securities of such issuer, except that: (i) up to 25% of its total assets may be invested without regard to these limitations; and (ii) the Fund’s assets may be invested in the securities of one or more management investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder, or any applicable exemptive relief obtained by the Fund.

Industry Concentration

  

The Fund may not invest 25% or more of its total assets, at market value, in the securities of issuers in any particular industry, provided that:

 

•     this limitation excludes securities issued or guaranteed by the US government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities; and

   The Fund may not purchase any securities which would cause 25% or more of the value of its total assets at the time of purchase to be invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry, provided that: (i) there is no limitation with respect to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
  

•     for the purpose of this limitation, mortgage-related securities do not constitute an industry.

   Government, any state or territory of the United States or any of their agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions; and (ii) notwithstanding this limitation or any other fundamental investment limitation, assets may be invested in the securities of one or more management investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief obtained by the Fund.

Purchasing Securities on Margin

   The Fund may not purchase securities on margin except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.    No stated policy.

 

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Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

Comparison of Non-Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the non-fundamental investment policies (policies that may be changed without a shareholder vote) of the Buying Fund. Columbia Management does not believe that the differences between the non-fundamental policies of the Funds result in any material differences in the way the Funds have been managed or in the way the combined Fund will be managed.

The Funds’ non-fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Policy

  

Seligman Capital Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

 

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

(Buying Fund)

Illiquid Securities

   The Fund may not purchase illiquid securities including repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days and securities that cannot be sold without registration or the filing of a notification under Federal or state securities laws, if, as a result, such investment would exceed 15% of the value of the Fund’s net assets.   The Fund may not invest or hold more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets in illiquid securities. For this purpose, illiquid securities include, among others: (a) securities that are illiquid by virtue of the absence of a readily available market or legal or contractual restrictions on resale; (b) fixed time deposits that are subject to withdrawal penalties and that have maturities of more than seven days; and (c) repurchase agreements not terminable within seven days.

Securities of other Investment Companies

   No stated policy.   The Fund may invest in shares of other open-end management investment companies, subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act, the rules thereunder, and any orders obtained thereunder now or in the future. If the Fund is purchased by another fund in the Columbia Funds Family in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act or an exemptive order granting relief from Section 12(d)(1)(G) it will not purchase shares of a related registered open-end investment company in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act.

Short Selling

   No stated policy.   The Fund may not sell securities short, unless it owns or has the right to obtain securities equivalent in kind and amount to the securities sold short (short sales “against the box”) or the Fund segregates assets in the amount at least equal to the underlying security or asset.

 

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Policy

  

Seligman Capital Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

(Buying Fund)

Investments to Control or Manage

   No stated policy.    The Fund may not make investments for the purpose of exercising control of management. (Investments by the Fund in entities created under the laws of foreign countries solely to facilitate investment in securities in that country will not be deemed the making of investments for the purpose of exercising control.)

Oil, Gas, and other Mineral Exploration

   The Fund may not invest in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs; provided, however, that this investment restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing publicly-traded securities of companies engaging in whole or in part in such activities.    No stated policy.

Dealings with

Directors and Officers

   The Fund may not purchase securities from or sell securities to any of its officers or Directors, except with respect to its own shares and as permissible under applicable statutes, rules and regulations.    No stated policy.

Investing in Futures

   No stated policy.    The Fund may invest in futures or options contracts regulated by the CFTC for: (i) bona fide hedging purposes within the meaning of the rules of the CFTC; and (ii) for other purposes if, as a result, no more than 5% of a Fund’s net assets would be invested in initial margin and premiums (excluding amounts “in-the-money”) required to establish the contracts.

Lending

   No stated policy.    The Fund may lend securities from its portfolio to brokers, dealers and financial institutions, in amounts not to exceed (in the aggregate) one-third of the Fund’s total assets. Any such loans of portfolio securities will be fully collateralized based on values that are marked to market daily.

Warrants

   The Fund may not invest more than 5% of the value of its net assets, valued at the lower of cost or market, in warrants, of which no more than 2% of net assets may be invested in warrants and rights not listed on the New York or American Stock Exchange. For this purpose, warrants acquired by the Fund in units or attached to securities may be deemed to have been purchased without cost.    No stated policy.

 

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Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided below.

Comparison of Principal Risks

Although the Funds describe them somewhat differently, the principal risks associated with investments in the Buying Fund and the Selling Fund are similar because the Funds have similar investment objectives, principal investment strategies and investment policies. The actual risks of investing in each Fund depend on the securities held in each Fund’s portfolio and on market conditions, both of which change over time. The Buying Fund is subject to the principal risks identified below. Similarities and material differences between the Buying Fund’s principal risks and those of the Selling Fund are also identified below.

 

 

Investment Strategy Risk – Columbia Management uses the principal investment strategies and other investment strategies to seek to achieve the Fund’s investment objective. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. Investment decisions made by Columbia Management in using these strategies may not produce the returns expected by it, may cause the Fund’s shares to lose value or may cause the Fund to underperform other funds with similar investment objectives. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Market Risk – Market risk refers to the possibility that the market values of securities that the Fund holds will rise or fall, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably. Security values may fall because of factors affecting individual companies, industries or sectors, or the markets as a whole, reducing the value of an investment in the Fund. Accordingly, an investment in the Fund could lose money over short or even long periods. The market values of the securities the Fund holds also can be affected by changes or perceived changes in U.S. or foreign economies and financial markets, and the liquidity of these securities, among other factors. In general, equity securities tend to have greater price volatility than debt securities. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Growth Securities Risk – Because growth securities typically trade at a higher multiple of earnings than other types of securities, the market values of growth securities may be more sensitive to changes in current or expected earnings than the market values of other types of securities. In addition, growth securities, at times, may not perform as well as value securities or the stock market in general, and may be out of favor with investors for varying periods of time. The Selling Fund is not subject to growth securities risk as a principal risk, but may be subject to such risk to the extent of its investments, if any, in growth securities.

 

 

Smaller Company Securities Risk – Securities of small- or mid-capitalization companies (“smaller companies”) can, in certain circumstances, have a higher potential for gains than securities of large-capitalization companies but may also have more risk. For example, smaller companies may be more vulnerable to market downturns and adverse business or economic events than larger, more established companies because they may have more limited financial resources and business operations. These companies are also more likely than larger companies to have more limited product lines and operating histories and to depend on smaller management teams. Their securities may trade less frequently and in smaller volumes and may be less liquid and fluctuate more sharply in value than securities of larger companies. In addition, some smaller companies may not be widely followed by the investment community, which can lower the demand for their stocks. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Foreign Securities Risk – Foreign securities are subject to special risks as compared to securities of U.S. issuers. For example, foreign markets can be extremely volatile. Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may impact the value of foreign securities denominated in foreign currencies, or in U.S. dollars, without a change in the intrinsic value of those securities. Foreign securities may be less liquid than domestic securities so that the Fund may, at times, be unable to sell foreign securities at desirable times or prices. Brokerage commissions, custodial fees and other fees are also generally higher for foreign securities. The

 

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Fund may have limited or no legal recourse in the event of default with respect to certain foreign securities, including those issued by foreign governments. In addition, foreign governments may impose potentially confiscatory withholding or other taxes, which could reduce the amount of income and capital gains available to distribute to shareholders. Other risks include possible delays in the settlement of transactions or in the payment of income; generally less publicly available information about companies; the impact of political, social or diplomatic events; possible seizure, expropriation or nationalization of a company or its assets; possible imposition of currency exchange controls; and accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards that may be less comprehensive and stringent than those applicable to domestic companies. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Derivatives Risk – Derivatives are financial contracts whose values are, for example, based on (or “derived” from) traditional securities (such as a stock or bond), assets (such as a commodity like gold or a foreign currency), reference rates (such as LIBOR) or market indices (such as the S&P 500® Index). Derivatives involve special risks and may result in losses or may limit the Fund’s potential gain from favorable market movements. Derivative strategies often involve leverage, which may exaggerate a loss, potentially causing the Fund to lose more money than it would have lost had it invested in the underlying security. The values of derivatives may move in unexpected ways, especially in unusual market conditions, and may result in increased volatility, among other consequences. The use of derivatives may also increase the amount of taxes payable by shareholders. Other risks arise from the Fund’s potential inability to terminate or sell derivative positions. A liquid secondary market may not always exist for the Fund’s derivative positions at times when the Fund might wish to terminate or sell such positions. Over-the-counter instruments (investments not traded on an exchange) may be illiquid, and transactions in derivatives traded in the over-the-counter market are subject to the risk that the other party will not meet its obligations. The use of derivatives also involves the risks of mispricing or improper valuation and that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying security, asset, reference rate or index. The Fund also may not be able to find a suitable derivative transaction counterparty, and thus may be unable to engage in derivative transactions when it is deemed favorable to do so, or at all. The Selling Fund is not subject to derivatives risk as a principal risk, but may be subject to such risk to the extent of its investments, if any, in derivatives.

 

 

Convertible Securities Risk Convertible securities are subject to the usual risks associated with debt securities, such as interest rate risk and credit risk. Convertible securities also react to changes in the value of the common stock into which they convert, and are thus subject to market risk. Because the value of a convertible security can be influenced by both interest rates and market movements, a convertible security generally is not as sensitive to interest rates as a similar debt security, and generally will not vary in value in response to other factors to the same extent as the underlying common stock. In the event of a liquidation of the issuing company, holders of convertible securities would typically be paid before the company’s common stockholders but after holders of any senior debt obligations of the company. The Fund may be forced to convert a convertible security before it otherwise would choose to do so, which may decrease the Fund’s return. The Selling Fund is not subject to convertible securities risk as a principal risk, but may be subject to such risk to the extent of its investments, if any, in convertible securities.

 

 

Currency Risk – Securities denominated in different currencies are subject to the risk that, for example, if the value of a foreign currency were to decline against the U.S. dollar, such decline would reduce the U.S. dollar value of any securities held by the Fund denominated in that currency. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Special Situations Risk – Securities of companies that are involved in an initial public offering or a major corporate event, such as a business consolidation or restructuring, may present special risk because of the high degree of uncertainty that can be associated with such events. Securities issued in initial public offerings often are issued by companies that are in the early stages of development, have a history of little or no revenues and may operate at a loss following the offering. It is possible that there will be no active trading market for the securities after the offering, and that the market price of the securities may be subject to significant and unpredictable fluctuations. Investing in special situations may have a magnified effect on the performance of funds with small amounts of assets. The Selling Fund is not subject to special situation risk as a principal risk, but may be subject to such risk to the extent of its investments, if any, in special situations.

 

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Sector Risk – At times, the Fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in securities of companies conducting business in a broadly related group of industries within an economic sector. Companies in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making the Fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than funds that invest more broadly. The Selling Fund is not subject to sector risk as a principal risk, but may be subject to such risk to the extent that its investments emphasize one or more economic sectors.

 

 

Frequent Trading Risk – Frequent trading of investments increases the possibility that the Fund will realize taxable capital gains (including short-term capital gains, which are generally taxable at higher rates than long-term capital gains for federal income tax purposes), which could reduce the Fund’s after-tax return. Frequent trading can also mean higher brokerage and other transaction costs, which could reduce the Fund’s return. The Selling Fund is not subject to frequent trading risk as a principal risk, but may be subject to such risk to the extent it engages, if at all, in frequent trading.

Performance

The following bar charts and tables provide some illustration of the risks of investing in the Funds by showing, respectively:

 

 

how each Fund’s performance has varied for each full calendar year shown in the bar chart; and

 

 

how each Fund’s average annual total returns compare to certain measures of market performance shown in the table.

Both the bar charts and the tables assume that all distributions have been reinvested. The performance of different classes varies because of differences in fees and expenses. How a Fund has performed in the past does not indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. The performance shown reflects any fee waiver or expense reimbursement arrangements in effect for the periods reported. In the absence of such fee waivers or expense reimbursement arrangements, the performance shown would have been lower.

Bar Charts. Class 1 or Class A share information, as applicable, is shown in the bar charts for the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund, respectively.

 

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Tables. The tables below show total returns from hypothetical investments in the indicated classes of shares of each Fund. The returns shown are compared to measures of market performance shown for the same periods.

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Selling Fund)

CLASS 1 SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +27.39% (quarter ended December 31, 2001) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -30.55% (quarter ended September 30, 2001).

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class 1 shares’ year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +12.21%.

 

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Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Buying Fund)

CLASS A SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +19.29% (quarter ended September 30, 2009) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -27.37% (quarter ended December 31, 2008).

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class A shares’ year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +13.59%.

Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      10 years      Class 2
Since Inception
(August 30, 2000)
 

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Selling Fund):

           

Class 1

           

Returns before taxes

     +48.70%         +1.49%         -0.28%         N/A   

Class 2

           

Returns before taxes

     +48.45%         +1.24%         N/A         -4.01%   

Russell MidCap® Growth Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

     +46.29%         +2.40%         -0.52%         -2.31%   

Lipper Mid-Cap Growth Funds Index (reflects no deduction for taxes)(2)

     +42.65%         +3.35%         -1.47%         -2.60%   

Lipper Mid-Cap Growth Funds Average (reflects no deduction for taxes)(2)

     +40.73%         +1.63%         +0.11%         -1.28%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

(2)

On January 1, 2010, the Lipper Mid-Cap Growth Funds Index (the Lipper Index) replaced the Lipper Mid-Cap Growth Funds Average (the Lipper Average) as one of the Fund’s benchmarks. The Lipper Average includes all funds categorized by Lipper within the broad universe of funds in the Lipper Average, whereas the Lipper Index includes only a select peer group from the Lipper Average. This change was made to bring the selection of the Seligman Funds’ benchmarks in line with the practice of the Combined Fund Complex, which would permit a common shareholder experience and provide a more focused peer group for performance comparison purposes.

 

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Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      Life of Fund
(May 1, 2001)
 

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Buying Fund):

        

Class A

        

Return before taxes

     +43.84%         +3.53%         -0.43%   

Class B

        

Return before taxes

     +43.68%         +3.30%         -0.56%   

Russell MidCap Growth Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes)

     +46.29%         +2.40%         +2.42%   

Russell MidCap Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes)

     +40.48%         +2.43%         +5.15%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

Proposal 5. Comparison of Objectives, Strategies and Risks. Reorganization of Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

The Selling Fund and the Buying Fund:

 

 

Have Columbia Management as investment manager.

 

 

Have the same policies for buying and selling shares and the same exchange rights. Please see Exhibit B for a description of these policies for the Buying Fund.

 

 

Are structured as series of an open-end management investment company. The Selling Fund is organized as a series of a Maryland corporation, and the Buying Fund is organized as a series of a Massachusetts business trust. Please see Exhibit C to this combined proxy statement/prospectus for more information regarding the differences between the rights of shareholders of the Selling Fund and shareholders of the Buying Fund.

Comparison of Investment Objectives

The investment objectives of the Funds are as follows:

Selling Fund: Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio seeks to provide shareholders with long-term capital appreciation.

Buying Fund: Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund seeks to provide shareholders with long-term capital growth.

Each Fund seeks generally the same investment objective.

Because any investment involves risk, there can be no assurance that any Fund’s investment objective will be achieved. The investment objective of each Fund may be changed only with shareholder approval.

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

The Selling Fund and the Buying Fund have generally similar principal investment strategies. Each Fund normally invests primarily in equity securities of companies with smaller market capitalizations. The Selling Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets in the common stock of “value” companies with market capitalizations of $3 billion or less, whereas the Buying Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of companies with market capitalizations of up to $2 billion or that fall within the range of the Russell 2000® Index.

 

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Additional information regarding the principal investment strategies of each Fund is set forth below:

 

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund

(Buying Fund)

Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (including the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in the common stock of “value” companies with smaller market capitalizations ($3 billion or less) at the time of purchase by the Fund. The Fund’s board of directors may change the parameters by which smaller market capitalization is defined if it concludes such a change is appropriate. The Fund considers “value” companies to be those companies believed by Columbia Management to be undervalued, either historically, by the market, or by their peers.

 

The Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ written notice of any change in the 80% policy.

  

The Fund’s assets primarily are invested in equity securities. Under normal market conditions, at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets are invested in equity securities of companies with market capitalizations of up to $2 billion or that fall within the range of the Russell 2000® Index at the time of investment. The market capitalization range of the companies included within the Russell 2000® Index was $20.5 million to $3.3 billion as of September 30, 2010.

 

The Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days’ written notice of any change in the 80% policy.

The Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in foreign investments.

   Up to 25% of the Fund’s net assets may be invested in foreign investments.

Buying Fund Investment Style

A description of the investment style of the Buying Fund is set forth below.

In pursuit of the Buying Fund’s objective, Columbia Management uses a bottom-up stock selection approach. This means that Columbia Management concentrates on individual company fundamentals, rather than on a particular industry.

In selecting investments, Columbia Management seeks to identify value companies that it believes display certain characteristics, including but not limited to, one or more of the following:

 

 

a low price-to-earnings and/or low price-to-book ratio;

 

 

positive change in senior management;

 

 

positive corporate restructuring;

 

 

temporary setback in price due to factors that no longer exist;

 

 

positive shift in the company’s business cycle; and/or

 

 

a catalyst for increase in the rate of the company’s earnings growth.

The Buying Fund generally holds a small number of securities because Columbia Management believes doing so allows it to adhere to its disciplined value investment approach. Columbia Management maintains close contact with the management of each company in which the Buying Fund invests or the third-party analysts covering such companies, and closely monitors Buying Fund holdings, remaining sensitive to overvaluation and deteriorating fundamentals.

In deciding whether to sell a security, Columbia Management considers whether:

 

 

it has become fully valued,

 

 

its fundamentals have deteriorated, or

 

 

ongoing evaluation reveals that there are more attractive investment opportunities available.

 

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Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

Comparison of Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the fundamental investment policies of the Buying Fund. Columbia Management does not believe that the differences between the fundamental investment policies of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund result in any material difference in the way the Funds have been managed or in the way the combined Fund will be managed. A “fundamental” investment policy is one that may not be changed without a shareholder vote.

The Funds’ fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Policy

  

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value
Fund

(Buying Fund)

Borrowing/ Issuing Senior Securities/ Purchasing on

   The Fund may not issue senior securities or borrow money, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.    The Fund will not borrow money, except for temporary purposes (not for leveraging or investment) in an amount not exceeding 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) less liabilities (other than borrowings) immediately after the borrowings.

Margin

   The Fund may not purchase securities on margin except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.    The Fund will not issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

Commodities

   The Fund may not purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent permissible under applicable law and interpretations, as they may be amended from time to time.    The Fund will not buy or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the Fund from buying or selling options and futures contracts or from investing in securities or other instruments backed by, or whose value is derived from, physical commodities.

Diversification

   The Fund may not make any investment inconsistent with the Fund’s classification as a diversified company under the 1940 Act.   

The Fund will not purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of an issuer, except that up to 25% of the Fund’s assets may be invested without regard to this 10% limitation.

 

The Fund will not invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of any company, government, or political subdivision thereof, except the limitation will not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or

 

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Policy

  

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap

Value Fund

(Buying Fund)

      instrumentalities, or other investment companies, and except that up to 25% of the Fund’s total assets may be invested without regard to this 5% limitation.

Industry Concentration

  

The Fund may not invest 25% or more of its total assets, at market value, in the securities of issuers in any particular industry, provided that:

 

this limitation shall exclude securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities; and

 

for the purpose of this limitation, mortgage-related securities do not constitute an industry.

   The Fund will not concentrate in any one industry. According to the present interpretation by the SEC, this means that up to 25% of the Fund’s total assets, based on current market value at time of purchase, can be invested in any one industry.

Lending

   The Fund may not make loans, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.    The Fund will not lend securities or participate in an interfund lending program if the total of all such loans would exceed 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets except this fundamental investment policy shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing money market securities, loans, loan participation or other debt securities, or from entering into repurchase agreements.

Real Estate

   The Fund may not purchase or hold any real estate, except the Fund may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by persons (including real estate investment trusts) which deal in real estate or interests therein.    The Fund will not buy or sell real estate, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the Fund from investing in securities or other instruments backed by real estate or securities of companies engaged in the real estate business or real estate investment trusts. For purposes of this policy, real estate includes real estate limited partnerships.

Underwriting

   The Fund may not underwrite the securities of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, in disposing of a portfolio security or in connection with investments in other investment companies.    The Fund will not act as an underwriter (sell securities for others). However, under the securities laws, the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter when it purchases securities directly from the issuer and later resells them.

Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

 

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Comparison of Non-Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the non-fundamental investment policies (policies that may be changed without a shareholder vote) of the Buying Fund. Columbia Management does not believe that the differences between the non-fundamental policies of the Funds result in any material differences in the way the Funds have been managed or in the way the combined Fund will be managed.

The Funds’ non-fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Policy

  

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap

Value Fund
(Buying Fund)

Illiquid Securities    The Fund may not purchase illiquid securities, including repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days and securities that cannot be sold without registration or the filing of a notification under Federal or state securities laws, if, as a result, such investment would exceed 15% of the value of the Fund’s net assets.    No more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets will be held in securities and other instruments that are illiquid.
Oil/ Gas/ Minerals    The Fund may not invest in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs; provided, however, that this investment restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing publicly-traded securities of companies engaging in whole or in part in such activities.    No stated policy.
Dealings with Directors and Officers    The Fund may not purchase securities from or sell securities to any of its officers or Directors, except with respect to its own shares and as permissible under applicable statutes, rules and regulations.    No stated policy.
Warrants    The Fund may not invest more than 5% of the value of its net assets, valued at the lower of cost or market, in warrants, of which no more than 2% of net assets may be invested in warrants and rights not listed on the New York or American Stock Exchange. For this purpose, warrants acquired by the Fund in units or attached to securities may be deemed to have been purchased without cost.    No stated policy.

Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided below.

Comparison of Principal Risks

Although the Funds describe them somewhat differently, the principal risks associated with investments in the Buying Fund and the Selling Fund are generally similar because the Funds have similar investment

 

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objectives, principal investment strategies and investment policies. The actual risks of investing in each Fund depend on the securities held in each Fund’s portfolio and on market conditions, both of which change over time. The Buying Fund is subject to the principal risks described below. Similarities and material differences between the Buying Fund’s principal risks and those of the Selling Fund are also identified below.

 

 

Active Management Risk – The Buying Fund is actively managed and its performance therefore will reflect in part the ability of the portfolio managers to select securities and to make investment decisions that are suited to achieving the Buying Fund’s investment objective. Due to its active management, the Buying Fund could underperform other mutual funds with similar investment objectives. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Focused Portfolio Risk A fund that invests in a limited number of companies may have more volatility and is considered to have more risk than a fund that invests in a greater number of companies because changes in the value of a single security may have a more significant effect, either negative or positive, on the fund’s net asset value. To the extent the Buying Fund invests its assets in fewer securities, the Buying Fund is subject to greater risk of loss if any of those securities declines in price. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Risks of Foreign Investing Foreign securities are securities of issuers based outside the United States. An issuer is deemed to be based outside the United States if it is organized under the laws of another country. Foreign securities are primarily denominated in foreign currencies. In addition to the risks normally associated with domestic securities of the same type, foreign securities are subject to the following foreign risks:

Country risk includes the political, economic, and other conditions of the country. These conditions include lack of publicly available information, less government oversight (including lack of accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards), the possibility of government- imposed restrictions, and even the nationalization of assets. The liquidity of foreign investments may be more limited than for most U.S. investments, which means that, at times it may be difficult to sell foreign securities at desirable prices.

Currency risk results from the constantly changing exchange rate between local currency and the U.S. dollar. Whenever the Buying Fund holds securities valued in a foreign currency or holds the currency, changes in the exchange rate add to or subtract from the value of the investment.

Custody risk refers to the process of clearing and settling trades. It also covers holding securities with local agents and depositories. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle. Local agents are held only to the standard of care of the local market. Governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. The less developed a country’s securities market is, the greater the likelihood of problems occurring.

The Selling Fund is also subject to these principal risks.

 

 

Issuer Risk An issuer may perform poorly, and therefore, the value of its securities may decline. Poor performance may be caused by poor management decisions, competitive pressures, breakthroughs in technology, reliance on suppliers, labor problems or shortages, corporate restructurings, fraudulent disclosures or other factors. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Market Risk – The market value of securities may fall or fail to rise. Market risk may affect a single issuer, sector of the economy, industry, or the market as a whole. The market value of securities may fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. These risks are generally greater for small and mid-sized companies, which tend to be more vulnerable than large companies to adverse developments. In addition, focus on a particular style, for example, investment in growth or value securities, may cause the Buying Fund to underperform other mutual funds if that style falls out of favor with the market. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

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Sector Risk If a fund emphasizes one or more economic sectors, it may be more susceptible to the financial, market or economic events affecting the particular issuers and industries in which it invests than funds that do not emphasize particular sectors. The more a fund diversifies across sectors, the more it spreads risk and potentially reduces the risks of loss and volatility. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Small Company Risk Investments in small capitalization companies often involve greater risks than investments in larger, more established companies because small capitalization companies may lack the management experience, financial resources, product diversification, experience and competitive strengths of larger companies. In addition, in many instances the securities of small capitalization companies are traded only over-the-counter or on regional securities exchanges and the frequency and volume of their trading is substantially less and may be more volatile than is typical of larger companies. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Value Securities Risk Value securities involve the risk that they may never reach what Columbia Management believes is their full market value either because the market fails to recognize the stock’s intrinsic worth or Columbia Management misgauged that worth. They also may decline in price, even though in theory they are already undervalued. Because different types of stocks tend to shift in and out of favor depending on market and economic conditions, the Buying Fund’s performance may sometimes be lower or higher than that of other types of funds (such as those emphasizing growth stocks). The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

Performance

The following bar charts and tables provide some illustration of the risks of investing in the Funds by showing, respectively:

 

 

how each Fund’s performance has varied for each full calendar year shown in the bar chart; and

 

 

how each Fund’s average annual total returns compare to certain measures of market performance shown in the table.

Both the bar charts and the tables assume that all distributions have been reinvested. The performance of different classes varies because of differences in fees and expenses. How a Fund has performed in the past does not indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. The performance shown reflects any fee waiver or expense reimbursement arrangements in effect for the periods reported. In the absence of such fee waiver or expense reimbursement arrangements, the performance shown would have been lower.

Bar Charts. Class 1 or Class 3 share information, as applicable, is shown in the bar charts.

Tables. The tables below show total returns from hypothetical investments in the indicated classes of shares of each Fund. The returns shown are compared to measures of market performance shown for the same periods.

For Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio, returns shown are for Class 3 shares of the Fund. Class 1 and Class 2 shares are new and therefore performance information for those classes is not shown. Class 1 and Class 2 shares would have substantially similar annual returns because the shares are invested in the same portfolio of securities and the annual returns would differ only to the extent that the classes do not have the same expenses. If the returns for Class 3 shares were adjusted to reflect the expenses of Class 1 shares and Class 2 shares, the returns shown would be higher for Class 1 shares and lower for Class 2 shares.

 

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Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

CLASS 1 SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +29.32% (quarter ended June 30, 2009) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -21.76% (quarter ended December 31, 2008).

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class 1 shares’ year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +12.44%.

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

CLASS 3 SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +31.51% (quarter ended June 30, 2009) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -24.40% (quarter ended December 31, 2008).

 

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The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class 3 shares’ year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +9.83%.

Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      10 years      Class 2 Since
Inception
(May 1, 2001)
 

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

           

Class 1

           

Return before taxes

     +35.46%         -0.14%         +9.52%         N/A   

Class 2

           

Return before taxes

     +35.09%         -0.32%         N/A         +7.04%   

Russell 2000® Value Index (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses)

     +20.58%         -0.01%         +8.27%         +7.93%   

Lipper Small-Cap Core Funds Index(2)

     +34.50%         +1.55%         +5.24%         +4.71%   

Lipper Small-Cap Value Funds Index(2)

     +33.00%         +1.42%         +8.73%         +8.59%   

Lipper Small-Cap Core Funds Average(2)

     +31.96%         +0.65%         +5.86%         +5.38%   

Lipper Small-Cap Value Funds Average(2)

     +32.43%         +0.91%         +8.11%         +7.95%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect differences in expenses between share classes or fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

(2)

On January 1, 2010, the Lipper Small-Cap Core Funds Index and Lipper Small-Cap Value Funds Index (the Lipper Indexes) replaced the Lipper Small-Cap Core Funds Average and Lipper Small-Cap Value Funds Average (the Lipper Averages), respectively, as secondary benchmarks for the Fund. The Lipper Indexes include a select peer group from the Lipper Average. This change was made to bring the selection of the Seligman Funds’ benchmarks in line with the practice of the Combined Fund Complex, which would permit a common shareholder experience and provide a more focused peer group for performance comparison purposes.

Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      10 years  

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

        

Class 3

        

Return before taxes

     +39.81%         -0.75%         +3.15%   

Russell 2000® Index (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses)

     +27.17%         +0.51%         +3.51%   

Lipper Small-Cap Core Funds Index

     +34.50%         +1.55%         +5.24%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect differences in expenses between share classes or fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

 

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Proposal 6. Comparison of Objectives, Strategies and Risks. Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio into Seligman Global Technology Portfolio*

Comparison of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund

Both the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund:

 

 

Have Columbia Management as investment manager.

 

 

Have the same policies for buying and selling shares and the same exchange rights. Please see Exhibit B for a description of these policies for the Buying Fund.

 

 

Are structured as series of an open-end management investment company. Each Fund is organized as a series of a Maryland corporation. The board of directors of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. has approved the redomiciling of its Seligman Global Technology Portfolio series into a newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust that has also been named Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. The redomiciling is subject to approval by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. If the redomiciling is approved by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, it is expected that the redomiciling will occur prior to the Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, in which case the Buying Fund will be the newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust. If the redomiciling has not been completed prior to the closing of the Reorganization, the Buying Fund will be the existing series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. Please see Exhibit C to this combined proxy statement/prospectus for more information regarding the differences between the rights of shareholders of the Selling Fund and shareholders of the Buying Fund.

 

* All performance and other information attributed to Seligman Global Technology Portfolio herein reflects information about the Seligman Global Technology Portfolio series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc., even though Seligman Global Technology Portfolio may be either that series or the newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust, depending on whether and when the proposed redomiciling occurs.

Comparison of Investment Objectives

The investment objectives of the Funds are as follows:

Selling Fund: Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio seeks to provide shareholders with capital gain.

Buying Fund: Seligman Global Technology Portfolio seeks to provide shareholders with long-term capital appreciation.

Each Fund seeks generally the same investment objective.

Because any investment involves risk, there can be no assurance that a Fund’s investment objective will be achieved. The investment objective of each Fund may only be changed with shareholder approval.

Comparison of Principal Investment Strategies

The Selling Fund and the Buying Fund have generally similar principal investment strategies. The Buying Fund normally invests at least 80% of its assets in equity securities of U.S. and non-U.S. companies in the technology and technology related industries, while the Selling Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets in securities of companies in the communications, information and related industries. The Selling Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in foreign investments, while the Buying Fund generally invests at least 40% of its assets in foreign investments (subject to adjustment, as described below). Each Fund is currently diversified, but the board of directors of the Buying Fund has approved a change in the Buying Fund’s policy that would allow it to operate as a non-diversified fund, subject to shareholder approval, which is expected to be effective prior to the Reorganization.

 

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Additional information regarding the principal investment strategies of each Fund is set forth below:

 

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

(Buying Fund)

Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets in securities of companies operating in the communications, information and related industries. Accordingly, the Fund invests in companies operating in the information technology and telecommunications sectors as well as those in the media industry. In addition, as noted above, the Fund may invest in related industries, which provides the Fund with broad investment flexibility to invest in any industry and many of the issuers in which the Fund invests are technology and technology-related companies. These technology and technology-related companies may include companies operating in any industry, including but not limited to software, hardware, health care, medical technology and technology services, such as the internet.

   The Fund generally invests at least 80% of its assets in equity securities of U.S. and non-U.S. companies with business operations in technology and technology-related industries. Technology-related companies are those companies that use technology extensively to improve their business processes and applications. The technology industry comprises information technology and communications, as well as medical, environmental and bio-technology. The Fund may invest in companies domiciled in any country which Columbia Management believes to be appropriate to the Fund’s objective. The Fund generally invests in several countries in different geographic regions. Columbia Management seeks to identify those technology companies that it believes have the greatest prospects for future growth, regardless of their countries of origin.

The Fund’s 80% policy may be changed without shareholder approval on 60 days’ written notice.

   The Fund’s 80% policy may be changed without shareholder approval on 60 days’ written notice.

The Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in foreign investments.

   Under normal market conditions, the Fund generally will invest at least 40% of its net assets in companies that maintain their principal place of business or conduct their principal business activities outside the U.S., have their securities traded on non-U.S. exchanges or have been formed under the laws of non-U.S. countries. Columbia Management may reduce this 40% minimum investment amount to 30% if it believes that market conditions for these types of companies or specific foreign markets are unfavorable. The Fund considers a company to conduct its principal business activities outside the U.S. if it derives at least 50% of its revenue from business outside the U.S. or had at least 50% of its assets outside the U.S.

The Fund may invest in securities of large companies that are well established and can be expected to grow with the market. The Fund may also invest in small- to-medium size companies that Columbia Management believes provide opportunities to benefit from the rapidly changing technologies and the expansion of the communications, information and related industries.

   The Fund may invest in companies of any size. Securities of large companies that are well established in the world technology market can be expected to grow with the market and will frequently be held by the Fund. However, rapidly changing technologies and expansion of technology and technology-related industries often provide a favorable environment for companies of small-to-medium size, and the Fund may invest in these companies as well.

 

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Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

(Buying Fund)

The Fund may purchase American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), which are publicly traded instruments generally issued by domestic banks or trust companies that represent a security of a foreign issuer.

   The Fund may purchase American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), which are publicly traded instruments generally issued by domestic banks or trust companies that represent a security of a foreign issuer.

Buying Fund Investment Style

A description of the investment style of the Buying Fund is set forth below.

The Buying Fund uses an investment style that combines research into individual company attractiveness with macro analysis. This means that Columbia Management uses extensive in-depth research to identify attractive technology companies around the world, while seeking to identify particularly strong technology sectors and/or factors within regions or specific countries that may affect investment opportunities.

In selecting individual securities, Columbia Management looks for companies that it believes display one or more of the following:

 

 

Above-average growth prospects;

 

 

High profit margins;

 

 

Attractive valuations relative to earnings forecasts or other valuation criteria (e.g., return on equity);

 

 

Quality management and equity ownership by executives;

 

 

Unique competitive advantages (e.g., market share, proprietary products); or

 

 

Potential for improvement in overall operations.

In evaluating whether to sell a security, Columbia Management considers, among other factors, whether:

 

 

Columbia Management believes its target price has been reached;

 

 

Its earnings are disappointing;

 

 

Its revenue growth has slowed;

 

 

Its underlying fundamentals have deteriorated;

 

 

If Columbia Management believes that negative country or regional factors may affect a company’s outlook; or

 

 

To meet cash requirements.

Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

Comparison of Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the fundamental investment policies of the Buying Fund, which are identical to the fundamental investment policies of the Selling Fund. A “fundamental” investment policy is one that may not be changed without a shareholder vote.

 

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The Funds’ fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Commodities   The Fund may not purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent permissible under applicable law and interpretations, as they may be amended from time to time.

Borrowing / Issuing Senior Securities /

Buying on Margin /
Selling Short

  The Fund may not purchase securities on margin except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC. The Fund may not issue senior securities or borrow money, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.

Lending

  The Fund may not make loans, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.

Underwriting

  The Fund may not underwrite the securities of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) in disposing of a portfolio security or in connection with investments in other investment companies.

Real Estate

  The Fund may not purchase or hold any real estate, except the Fund may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by persons (including real estate investment trusts) which deal in real estate or interests therein.

Diversification

  The Fund may not make any investment inconsistent with the Fund’s classification as a diversified company under the 1940 Act.*

Industry Concentration

  The Fund may not invest 25% or more of its total assets, at market value, in the securities of issuers in any particular industry, provided that:
 

•this limitation shall exclude securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities;

 

•for the purpose of this limitation, mortgage-related securities do not constitute an industry; and

 

•Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio will invest at least 80% of the value of its total assets in securities of companies principally engaged in the communications, information and related industries, except when investing for temporary defensive purposes.

For purposes of applying the 25% limitation on the securities of issuers in any particular industry (as described above), each Fund will generally use the industry classifications provided by the Global Industry Classification System.

Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided under “Comparison of Principal Risks” below.

 

* Subject to shareholder approval, it is expected that the Buying Fund will soon convert into a non-diversified fund under the 1940 Act and will no longer be constrained by this fundamental investment policy.

 

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Comparison of Non-Fundamental Investment Policies

If the Reorganization occurs, the combined Fund will be subject to the non-fundamental investment policies (policies that may be changed without a shareholder vote) of the Buying Fund, which are identical to those of the Selling Fund.

The Funds’ non-fundamental investment policies are set forth below:

 

Illiquid Securities

  

The Fund may not purchase illiquid securities for any portfolio including repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days and securities that cannot be sold without registration or the filing of a notification under federal or state securities laws, if, as a result, such investment would exceed 15% of the value of such portfolio’s net assets.

Oil and Gas

  

The Fund may not invest in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs; provided, however, that this investment restriction shall not prohibit a portfolio from purchasing publicly-traded securities of companies engaging in whole or in part in such activities.

Purchases or Sales to Directors

  

The Fund may not purchase securities from or sell securities to any of its officers or directors/trustees, except with respect to its own shares and as permissible under applicable statutes, rules and regulations.

Warrants

  

The Fund may not invest more than 5% of the value of its net assets, valued at the lower of cost or market, in warrants, of which no more than 2% of net assets may be invested in warrants and rights not listed on the New York or American Stock Exchange. For this purpose, warrants acquired by the Fund in units or attached to securities may be deemed to have been purchased without cost.

Differences between the Selling Fund’s principal investment strategies, fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and holdings and those of the Buying Fund may expose the Selling Fund’s shareholders to new or increased risks. A comparison of the principal risks of investing in the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund is provided below.

Comparison of Principal Risks

Although the Funds describe them somewhat differently, the principal risks associated with investments in the Buying Fund and the Selling Fund are generally similar because the Funds have similar investment objectives, principal investment strategies and investment policies. The actual risks of investing in each Fund depend on the securities held in each Fund’s portfolio and on market conditions, both of which change over time. The Buying Fund is subject to the principal risks described below. Similarities and material differences between the Buying Fund’s principal risks and those of the Selling Fund are also identified below.

 

 

Active Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed and its performance therefore will reflect in part the ability of the portfolio managers to select securities and to make investment decisions that are suited to achieving the Fund’s investment objective. Due to its active management, the Fund could underperform other mutual funds with similar investment objectives. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Market Risk. The market value of securities may fall or fail to rise. Market risk may affect a single issuer, sector of the economy, industry, or the market as a whole. The market value of securities may fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably.

These risks are generally greater for small and mid-sized companies, which tend to be more vulnerable than large companies to adverse developments. In addition, focus on a particular style, for example, investment in growth or value securities, may cause the Fund to underperform other mutual funds if that style falls out of favor with the market. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

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Technology and Technology-Related Investment Risk. The Fund will invest a substantial portion of its assets in technology and technology-related companies. The market prices of technology and technology-related stocks tend to exhibit a greater degree of market risk and price volatility than other types of investments. These stocks may fall in and out of favor with investors rapidly, which may cause sudden selling and dramatically lower market prices. These stocks also may be affected adversely by changes in technology, consumer and business purchasing patterns, government regulation and/or obsolete products or services. In addition, a rising interest rate environment tends to negatively affect technology and technology-related companies. In such an environment, those companies with high market valuations may appear less attractive to investors, which may cause sharp decreases in the companies’ market prices. Further, those technology or technology-related companies seeking to finance their expansion would have increased borrowing costs, which may negatively impact their earnings. As a result, these factors may negatively affect the performance of the Fund. Finally, the Fund may be susceptible to factors affecting the technology and technology-related industries, and the Fund’s net asset value may fluctuate more than a fund that invests in a wider range of industries. Technology and technology-related companies are often smaller and less experienced companies and may be subject to greater risks than larger companies, such as limited product lines, markets and financial and managerial resources. These risks may be heightened for technology companies in foreign markets.

The Fund seeks to limit risk by allocating investments among different sectors within the technology industry, as well as among different foreign markets. Allocating among a number of sectors reduces the effect the performance of any one sector or events in any one country will have on the Fund’s entire investment portfolio. However, a decline in the value of one of the Fund’s investments may offset potential gains from other investments. The Selling Fund is not subject to technology and technology-related investment risk as a principal risk, but may be subject to such risk to the extent of its investments, if any, in technology and technology-related investments.

 

 

Risks Of Foreign Investing. Foreign securities are securities of issuers based outside the United States. An issuer is deemed to be based outside the United States if it is organized under the laws of another country. Foreign securities are primarily denominated in foreign currencies. In addition to the risks normally associated with domestic securities of the same type, foreign securities are subject to the following foreign risks:

 

   

Country risk includes the political, economic, and other conditions of the country. These conditions include lack of publicly available information, less government oversight (including lack of accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards), the possibility of government-imposed restrictions, and even the nationalization of assets. The liquidity of foreign investments may be more limited than for most U.S. investments, which means that, at times it may be difficult to sell foreign securities at desirable prices.

 

   

Currency risk results from the constantly changing exchange rate between local currency and the U.S. dollar. Whenever the Fund holds securities valued in a foreign currency or holds the currency, changes in the exchange rate add to or subtract from the value of the investment.

 

   

Custody risk refers to the process of clearing and settling trades in foreign markets. It also covers holding securities with local agents and depositories. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle. Local agents are held only to the standard of care of the local market. Governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. The less developed a country’s securities market is, the greater the likelihood of problems occurring.

 

   

Emerging markets risk includes the dramatic pace of change (economic, social and political) in these countries as well as the other considerations listed above. These markets are in early stages of development and are extremely volatile. They can be marked by extreme inflation, devaluation of currencies, dependence on trade partners, and hostile relations with neighboring countries.

The Selling Fund is also subject to these principal risks.

 

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Issuer Risk. An issuer may perform poorly, and therefore, the value of its securities may decline. Poor performance may be caused by poor management decisions, competitive pressures, breakthroughs in technology, reliance on suppliers, labor problems or shortages, corporate restructurings, fraudulent disclosures or other factors. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Sector Risk. The Fund may invest a significant part of its total assets in securities of companies primarily engaged in the technology, media or telecommunications sectors. This may result in greater fluctuations in value than would be the case for a fund invested in a wider variety of unrelated industries. As these sectors increase or decrease in favor with the investing public, the price of securities of companies that rely heavily on those sectors could become increasingly sensitive to downswings in the economy. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

 

 

Small And Mid-Sized Company Risk. Investments in small and medium sized companies often involve greater risks than investments in larger, more established companies because small and medium companies may lack the management experience, financial resources, product diversification, experience and competitive strengths of larger companies. Additionally, in many instances the securities of small and medium companies are traded only over-the-counter or on regional securities exchanges and the frequency and volume of their trading is substantially less and may be more volatile than is typical of larger companies. The Selling Fund is also subject to this principal risk.

Performance

The following bar charts and tables provide some illustration of the risks of investing in the Funds by showing, respectively:

 

 

how each Fund’s performance has varied for each full calendar year shown in the bar chart; and

 

 

how each Fund’s average annual total returns compare to certain measures of market performance shown in the table.

Both the bar charts and the tables assume that all distributions have been reinvested. The performance of different classes varies because of differences in fees and expenses. How a Fund has performed in the past does not indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. The performance shown reflects any fee waiver or expense reimbursement arrangements in effect for the periods reported. In the absence of such fee waivers or expense reimbursement arrangements, the performance shown would have been lower.

Bar Charts. Class 1 share information is shown in the bar charts.

Tables. The tables below show total returns from hypothetical investments in the indicated classes of shares of each Fund. The returns shown are compared to measures of market performance shown for the same periods.

All performance and other information herein attributed to Seligman Global Technology Portfolio reflects information about the Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, even though the Buying Fund may be either that series or the newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust, depending on whether and when the proposed redomiciling occurs.

 

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Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Selling Fund)

CLASS 1 SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +34.23% (quarter ended December 31, 2001) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -30.44% (quarter ended September 30, 2001).

The returns shown do not reflect differences in expenses between share classes or fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class 1 shares year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +3.69%.

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Buying Fund)

CLASS 1 SHARE PERFORMANCE

(based on calendar years)

LOGO

During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a calendar quarter was +30.82% (quarter ended December 31, 2001) and the lowest return for a calendar quarter was -32.05% (quarter ended September 30, 2001).

 

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The returns shown do not reflect differences in expenses between share classes or fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did. The performance of other share classes may vary from that shown because of differences in expenses.

The Fund’s Class 1 shares year-to-date return at September 30, 2010 was +5.42%.

Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      10 years      Class 2 Since
Inception
(May 1, 2000)
 

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Selling Fund):

           

Class 1

           

Returns before taxes

     +59.89%         +9.19%         +0.68%         N/A   

Class 2

           

Return before taxes

     +59.38%         +8.90%         N/A         -0.96%   

Standard & Poor’s North American Technology Sector Index (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses)

     +63.19%         +3.75%         -6.59%         -7.47%   

Lipper Science & Technology Funds Index(2)

     +57.90%         +3.00%         -6.94%         -8.10%   

Lipper Science & Technology Funds Average

     +60.34%         +2.63%         -6.93%         -8.50%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

(2)

On Jan. 1, 2010, the Lipper Science & Technology Funds Index (the Lipper Index) replaced the Lipper Science & Technology Funds Average (the Lipper Average) as one of the Fund’s benchmarks. The Lipper Average includes all funds categorized by Lipper within the broad universe of funds in the Lipper Average, whereas the Lipper Index includes only a select peer group from the Lipper Average. This change was made to bring the selection of the Seligman Funds’ benchmarks in line with the practice of the Combined Fund Complex, which would permit a common shareholder experience and provide a more focused peer group for performance comparison purposes. Information on both the Lipper Index and the Lipper Average will be included for a one-year transition period. Thereafter, only the Lipper Index will be included.

Average Annual Total Returns (for periods ended December 31, 2009)(1)

 

     1 year      5 years      10 years      Class 2 Since
Inception
(May 1, 2000)
 

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Buying Fund):

           

Class 1

           

Return before taxes

     +62.38%         +7.39%         -1.95%         N/A   

Class 2

           

Return before taxes

     +62.13%         +7.20%         N/A         -3.39%   

MSCI World IT Index (Gross) (reflects no deductions for fees or expenses)

     +50.88%         +1.67%         -8.51%         -9.03%   

MSCI World Index (Gross) (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses)

     +30.79%         +2.57%         +0.23%         +0.50%   

Lipper Global Science & Technology Funds Index(2)

     +72.12%         +4.18%         N/A         N/A   

Lipper Global Science & Technology Funds Average(2)

     +68.51%         +3.42%         -4.90%         -5.67%   

 

(1)

The returns shown do not reflect fees and expenses imposed under your Contract, if any, and would be lower if they did.

(2)

On January 1, 2010, the Lipper Global Science & Technology Funds Index (the Lipper Index) replaced the Lipper Global Science & Technology Funds Average (the Lipper Average) as one of the Fund’s benchmarks. The Lipper Average includes all funds categorized by Lipper within the broad universe of funds in the Lipper Average, whereas the Lipper Index includes only a select peer group from the Lipper Average. This change was made to bring the selection of the Seligman Funds’ benchmarks in line with the practice of the Combined Fund Complex, which would permit a common shareholder experience and provide a more focused peer group for performance comparison purposes. Information on both the Lipper Index and the Lipper Average will be included for a one-year transition period. Thereafter, only the Lipper Index will be included.

 

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT EACH REORGANIZATION

Terms of Each Reorganization

The board of directors/trustees of each Fund has approved the Agreement. While shareholders and Contract Owners are encouraged to review the Agreement, which has been filed with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this combined proxy statement/prospectus is a part, the following is a summary of certain terms of the Agreement:

 

 

Each Reorganization is expected to occur before the end of the second quarter of 2011, subject to approval by Selling Fund shareholders, receipt of any necessary regulatory approvals and satisfaction of any other conditions to closing. However, following such approvals, each Reorganization may happen at any time agreed to by the applicable Selling Fund and the corresponding Buying Fund.

 

 

Each Selling Fund will transfer all of its assets to the corresponding Buying Fund and, in exchange, the corresponding Buying Fund will assume all the Selling Fund’s liabilities and will issue Reorganization Shares to the Selling Fund. The value of each Selling Fund’s assets, as well as the number of Reorganization Shares to be issued to the Selling Fund, will be determined in accordance with the Agreement. The Reorganization Shares will have an aggregate net asset value on the business day immediately preceding the closing of the Reorganization equal to the value of the assets received from the Selling Fund, less the liabilities assumed by the corresponding Buying Fund in the transaction. The Reorganization Shares will immediately be distributed to Selling Fund shareholders in proportion to their holdings of shares of the Selling Fund, in liquidation of the Selling Fund. As a result, shareholders of the Selling Fund will become shareholders of the corresponding Buying Fund.

 

 

The net asset value of each Selling Fund and the corresponding Buying Fund will be computed as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange on the business day next preceding the closing date of the applicable Reorganization.

The board of directors of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. has approved the redomiciling of its Seligman Global Technology Portfolio series into a newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust that has also been named Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. The Redomiciling is subject to approval by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. If the Redomiciling is approved by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, it is expected that the Redomiciling will occur prior to the Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, in which case the Buying Fund will be the newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust. If the Redomiciling has not been completed prior to the closing of the Reorganization, the Buying Fund will be the existing series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc.

Conditions to Closing Each Reorganization

The completion of each Reorganization is subject to certain conditions described in the Agreement, including:

 

 

The Selling Fund will have declared and paid a dividend that, together with all previous dividends, will distribute all of the Selling Fund’s net investment income and net capital gains, if any, to the shareholders of the Selling Fund for its tax years ending on or prior to the closing date of the Reorganization.

 

 

The Selling Fund and the corresponding Buying Fund will have received any approvals, consents or exemptions from the SEC or any other regulatory body necessary to carry out the Reorganization.

 

 

A registration statement on Form N-14 relating to the Reorganization will have been filed with the SEC and become effective.

 

 

The shareholders of the Selling Fund will have approved the Agreement by the requisite vote.

 

 

With respect to each RIC Reorganization (as described below), the Selling Fund will have received an opinion of tax counsel to the effect that, as further described below, the Separate Accounts as shareholders

 

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of the Selling Fund will not recognize gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes upon the exchange of their Selling Fund shares for the Reorganization Shares of the corresponding Buying Fund in connection with the Reorganization.

 

 

With respect to each RIC-to-Partnership Reorganization (as described below), the Selling Fund will have received an opinion of tax counsel to the effect that the Selling Fund’s tax basis in its assets will carry over to the Buying Fund, the Buying Fund’s holding period in those assets will include the Selling Fund’s holding period therein and the distribution by the Selling Fund of the Reorganization Shares in liquidation will eliminate any tax liability of the Selling Fund on any gain realized in connection with the Reorganization.

Termination of the Agreement

The Agreement and the transactions contemplated by it may be terminated and abandoned with respect to any Reorganization by mutual agreement of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund at any time prior to the closing date thereof, or by either the Selling Fund or the Buying Fund in the event of a material breach of the Agreement by the other Fund or a failure of any condition precedent to the terminating Fund’s obligations under the Agreement. In the event of a termination, Columbia Management will bear all costs associated with the Reorganization.

Tax Status of the Reorganizations

Each Selling Fund is treated as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Buying Fund in each Reorganization listed in Table 1 below (“RIC Reorganizations”) is, and the combined Fund will be, treated as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, whereas the Buying Fund in each Reorganization listed in Table 2 below (“RIC-to-Partnership Reorganizations”) is, and the combined Fund will be, treated as a partnership. The tax consequences of the Reorganizations differ depending on whether the Buying Fund is treated as a partnership or as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Provided that the Contracts qualify to be treated as life insurance contracts under Section 7702(a) of the Code or annuity contracts under Section 72 of the Code, a Reorganization will not be a taxable event for Contract Owners regardless of the tax status of the Reorganization, or whether the Buying Fund is treated as a partnership or a RIC.

RIC Reorganizations

Table 1

 

Selling Fund

  

Buying Fund

Seligman Capital Portfolio

   Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

   Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

Each RIC Reorganization is intended to qualify for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a tax-free reorganization under section 368(a) of the Code. As a condition to the closing of each RIC Reorganization, the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund will receive an opinion from Ropes & Gray LLP to the effect that, as further described below, on the basis of existing provisions of the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations issued thereunder, current administrative rules, pronouncements and court decisions, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

 

The RIC Reorganization will constitute a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1) of the Code, and the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund will each be “a party to a reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code.

 

 

Under Sections 361 and 357 of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by the Selling Fund upon the transfer of all of its assets to the Buying Fund in exchange for Reorganization Shares and the assumption by Buying Fund of all of the liabilities of the Selling Fund, or upon the distribution of the Reorganization Shares by the Selling Fund to the Separate Accounts as shareholders in liquidation.

 

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Under Section 354 of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by the Separate Accounts as shareholders of the Selling Fund upon the exchange of their Selling Fund shares for Reorganization Shares of the Buying Fund.

 

 

Under Section 358 of the Code, the aggregate tax basis of Reorganization Shares that a Separate Account receives as a Selling Fund shareholder in the RIC Reorganization will be the same as the aggregate tax basis of the Selling Fund shares exchanged therefor.

 

 

Under Section 1223(1) of the Code, the holding period for the Reorganization Shares received by a Separate Account as a shareholder of the Selling Fund in the RIC Reorganization will be determined by including the holding period for the Selling Fund shares exchanged therefor, provided the Separate Account held such Selling Fund shares as capital assets.

 

 

Under Section 1032 of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by the Buying Fund upon the receipt of assets of the Selling Fund in exchange for Reorganization Shares and the assumption by the Buying Fund of all of the liabilities of the Selling Fund.

 

 

Under Section 362(b) of the Code, the Buying Fund’s tax basis in the assets of the Selling Fund transferred to the Buying Fund in the RIC Reorganization will be the same as the Selling Fund’s tax basis in such assets immediately prior to the RIC Reorganization.

 

 

Under Section 1223(2) of the Code, the Buying Fund’s holding periods in the assets received from the Selling Fund in the RIC Reorganization will include the Selling Fund’s holding periods in such assets.

 

 

The Buying Fund will succeed to and take into account the items of the Selling Fund described in Section 381(c) of the Code, subject to the conditions and limitations specified in Sections 381, 382, 383 and 384 of the Code and the regulations thereunder.

Ropes & Gray LLP will express no view with respect to the effect of a RIC Reorganization on any transferred asset as to which any unrealized gain or loss is required to be recognized under U.S. federal income tax principles (i) at the end of a taxable year or upon the termination thereof, or (ii) upon the transfer of such asset regardless of whether such a transfer would otherwise be a non-taxable transaction.

Each opinion will be based on certain factual certifications made by the officers of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund and will also be based on customary assumptions. Each opinion will note and distinguish certain published precedent. It is possible that the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) or a court could disagree with Ropes & Gray LLP’s opinion, which therefore cannot be free from doubt. Opinions of counsel are not binding upon the IRS or the courts.

Although it is not expected to affect Contract Owners, as a result of a RIC Reorganization each Fund may lose the benefit of certain tax losses that could have been used to offset or defer future gains of the combined Fund, and the combined Fund will have tax attributes that reflect a blending of the tax attributes of each Fund at the time of the RIC Reorganization.

RIC-to-Partnership Reorganizations

Table 2

 

Selling Fund

 

Buying Fund

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

  RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

  Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

  Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

  Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund

 

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Each RIC-to-Partnership Reorganization is expected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a contribution of the Selling Fund’s assets to the Buying Fund in exchange for Reorganization Shares, followed by a distribution of Reorganization Shares to Separate Accounts as shareholders of the Selling Fund in liquidation of the Selling Fund. Any capital gain recognized by the Selling Fund in such Reorganization will be distributed to the Separate Accounts as its shareholders in the form of Reorganization Shares. As a condition to the closing of each RIC-to-Partnership Reorganization, the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund will receive an opinion from Ropes & Gray LLP to the effect that, on the basis of existing provisions of the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations issued thereunder, current administrative rules, pronouncements and court decisions, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

 

Under Section 723 of the Code, the Buying Fund’s tax basis in the assets of the Selling Fund transferred to the Buying Fund in the RIC-to-Partnership Reorganization will be the same as the Selling Fund’s tax basis in such assets immediately prior to the RIC-to-Partnership Reorganization.

 

 

Under Section 1223(2) of the Code, the Buying Fund’s holding periods in the assets received from the Selling Fund in the RIC-to-Partnership Reorganization will include the Selling Fund’s holding periods in such assets.

 

 

Under Sections 852(b) and 561(a) of the Code, the Selling Fund’s distribution of the Reorganization Shares will eliminate the tax liability of the Selling Fund with respect to any gain recognized upon the distribution of the Reorganization Shares to Selling Fund shareholders.

Each opinion will be based on certain factual certifications made by the officers of the Selling Fund and the Buying Fund and will also be based on customary assumptions. It is possible that the IRS could disagree with Ropes & Gray LLP’s opinion. Opinions of counsel are not binding upon the IRS or the courts.

As long as Contracts funded through the Separate Accounts qualify as life insurance contracts under Section 7702(a) of the Code or annuity contracts under Section 72 of the Code, any capital gains distributed to the Separate Accounts as shareholders will not be currently taxable to Contract Owners. Accordingly, the Partnership-to-RIC Reorganizations are not expected to result in any tax liability or tax effect to Contract Owners including by virtue of any gain realized by the Selling Fund or the fact that each of the Buying Funds will be treated as a partnership rather than a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Tax Considerations Applicable to Contract Owners

Prior to the closing of each Reorganization, the Selling Fund will declare a distribution to shareholders which, together with all previous distributions, will have the effect of distributing to its Separate Accounts as shareholders all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the deduction for dividends paid), net tax-exempt income, if any, and net realized capital gains, if any, through the closing of the Reorganization, including any undistributed income or gains from prior years. Each Buying Fund in a RIC Reorganization may similarly distribute its investment income and gains to its respective Separate Accounts as shareholders.

As long as the Contracts funded through the Separate Accounts qualify as life insurance contracts under Section 7702(a) of the Code or annuity contracts under Section 72 of the Code, these distributions and the Reorganizations, whether or not treated as tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes, will not create any tax liability for Contract Owners. Contract Owners who choose to redeem or exchange their investments by surrendering their contracts or initiating a partial withdrawal, however, may be subject to taxes and a 10% penalty. For a description of the tax consequences of investing in Contracts, Contract Owners should consult the prospectus or other information provided by the Participating Insurance Company regarding their Contracts.

 

 

This description of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Reorganizations is made without regard to the particular facts and circumstances of any shareholder or Contract Owner. Shareholders and Contract

 

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Owners are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of the Reorganization in light of their individual circumstances. Because the foregoing discussion relates only to the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Reorganizations, shareholders and Contract Owners should also consult their tax advisors as to the state, local and foreign tax consequences, if any, of the Reorganizations.

Reasons for the Proposed Reorganizations and Board Deliberations — Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series and Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

For each of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series and Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (each a “Columbia Selling Fund” and collectively, the “Columbia Selling Funds”), the Reorganization was reviewed by its Board, with the advice and assistance of Fund counsel and independent legal counsel to such Board. Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series and Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series are overseen by one Board (the “Columbia Atlantic Board”). Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio are overseen by a second Board (the “RiverSource Board”) whose deliberations are discussed separately on page 90. At regular and special meetings of the Columbia Atlantic Board in May, June, August and September 2010, the Columbia Atlantic Board considered the Reorganization of each Columbia Selling Fund overseen by it, as proposed by Columbia Management. In connection with those Board meetings, Columbia Management and its affiliates provided background materials, analyses and other information to the Columbia Atlantic Board regarding, among other things, the topics discussed below, including in response to specific requests by the Columbia Atlantic Board, and responded to questions raised by the Columbia Atlantic Board at that meeting. The Columbia Atlantic Board also considered information provided in connection with various other proposals by Columbia Management to integrate the funds advised by Columbia Management into a single fund family with greater uniformity, including proposals to standardize fees charged by Columbia management and its affiliates, as well as other service providers, for services provided to similar funds.

After the Columbia Atlantic Board reviewed, evaluated and discussed the materials, analyses and information provided to it that the Board considered relevant to its deliberations, the Columbia Atlantic Board, including the independent Board members thereof, unanimously approved the Reorganization of each Columbia Selling Fund. The Columbia Atlantic Board, including the independent Board members thereof, also unanimously determined that participation by each Columbia Selling Fund in its Reorganization was in the best interests of the Columbia Selling Fund and that the interests of existing shareholders of the Columbia Selling Fund would not be diluted as a result of the Reorganization.

The general factors considered by the Columbia Atlantic Board in assessing and approving each applicable Reorganization included, among others, in no order of priority:

 

  1. various potential benefits of the Reorganization to the shareholders of the Columbia Selling Fund;

 

  2. the Reorganization as part of Columbia Management’s overall commitment to streamline and to improve its fund offerings for the benefit of Fund shareholders;

 

  3. the investment objectives and principal investment strategies of the Columbia Selling Fund and the Buying Fund;

 

  4.

the operating expenses that shareholders of each class of shares of the Columbia Selling Fund are expected to experience as shareholders of the Buying Fund after the Reorganization relative to the operating expenses currently borne by such shareholders including that, on a net basis, such expenses generally are expected to decline (but after taking account voluntary waivers for Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series, to increase for each share class, and for Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series, to increase slightly for Class B shares) as a result of the Reorganization (see “Fees and Expenses”);

 

  5. the current assets of the Columbia Selling Fund and the Buying Fund, and the anticipated combined pro forma assets of the Buying Fund after the Reorganization;

 

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  6. the portfolio management team expected to be responsible for management of the combined Fund and the historical performance of the Columbia Selling Fund and the Buying Fund, recognizing that no assurances can be given that the Buying Fund will achieve any particular level of performance after the Reorganization;

 

  7. the likelihood that the Columbia Selling Fund would achieve and/or maintain sufficient size to ensure its continued economic viability absent the Reorganization, and the Buying Fund’s relative prospects for attracting additional assets after the Reorganization;

 

  8. for each RIC-to-Partnership Reorganization, the expectation that neither the Reorganization nor the treatment of the Buying Fund as a partnership would result in any tax liability or tax effect on Contract Owners, and other expected U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Reorganization (see “Tax Status of the Reorganizations” above);

 

  9. the potential benefits of the Reorganization to Columbia Management and its affiliates;

 

  10. that shareholders of the Columbia Selling Fund will experience no material change in shareholder services as a result of the Reorganization;

 

  11. the alternatives to the Reorganization, including maintaining the status quo;

 

  12. estimated brokerage costs associated with anticipated purchases and sales of portfolio securities in connection with the Reorganization; and

 

  13. that the direct costs (other than brokerage costs) associated with the Reorganization will be borne by the Columbia Selling Fund only to the extent that Columbia Management anticipates a reduction in expenses to shareholders of the Columbia Selling Fund in the first year following the Reorganization.

In their deliberations, the Columbia Atlantic Board did not identify any single factor that was paramount or controlling and individual Board members may have attributed different weights to various factors. The Columbia Atlantic Board also evaluated all information available to it on a Columbia Selling Fund-by-Columbia Selling Fund basis, and made determinations separately in respect of each Columbia Selling Fund it oversees. Certain of the factors considered by the Columbia Atlantic Board are discussed in more detail below.

STREAMLINED PRODUCT LINE. The Columbia Atlantic Board considered that the Reorganizations are part of a larger effort intended, among other things, to streamline Columbia Management’s product offerings by reducing the number of funds in the Combined Fund Complex. Reducing the number of funds in the complex is intended to enhance the funds’ prospects for attracting additional assets by better differentiating the funds for potential shareholders.

CONTINUITY OF INVESTMENT. The Columbia Atlantic Board took into account the fact that each applicable Columbia Selling Fund and its corresponding Buying Fund have similar investment objectives and principal investment strategies. Specifically, the Columbia Atlantic Board noted the following with respect to each Reorganization:

Proposal 1

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series into RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund. Among other things, the Columbia Atlantic Board noted that Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series seeks total return before fees and expenses that corresponds to the total return of the Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 500® Index, while the Buying Fund seeks to provide shareholders with long-term capital appreciation. The Columbia Atlantic Board also noted that each of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series and the Buying Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets in securities that are contained on the S&P 500® Index.

 

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Proposal 2

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series into Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund. Among other things, the Columbia Atlantic Board considered that the Buying Fund seeks to provide shareholders with long-term capital growth, and Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series’ investment objective is substantially similar since it seeks long-term capital appreciation. The Columbia Atlantic Board noted that both Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series and the Buying Fund normally invest in common stocks of large companies with market capitalizations in the range of the Russell 1000® Growth Index. The Columbia Atlantic Board also noted that Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series invests at least 80% of its net assets in common stocks, while the Buying Fund is not similarly constrained. The Columbia Atlantic Board also noted that Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series may invest up to 20% of its net assets in foreign investments, while the Buying Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign investments.

EXPENSE RATIO. The Columbia Atlantic Board took into account the fact that the total operating expense ratio expected to be borne by shareholders of each applicable Columbia Selling Fund is generally expected to decrease following its Reorganization. For Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series, the Columbia Atlantic Board considered that, based on estimated operating expense ratios, shareholders of each class of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series are expected to bear total operating expenses (after taking into account any applicable expense caps) after the Reorganization that are higher than the current total operating expenses of that Fund. However, the Columbia Atlantic Board considered that the Buying Fund would have contractual expense caps, while Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series is currently subject to voluntary expense caps, which Columbia Management could discontinue at any time. For Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series, the Columbia Atlantic Board considered that, based on estimated operating expense ratios, shareholders of Class B shares of Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series are expected to bear total operating expenses (after taking into account any applicable expense caps) after the Reorganization that are slightly higher than the current total operating expenses of that Fund. However, the Columbia Atlantic Board considered that Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series is currently subject to voluntary expense caps from Columbia Management and voluntary reimbursements from its Distributor, which Columbia Management or the Distributor could discontinue at any time.

INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE. The Columbia Atlantic Board considered the relative performance record of each Columbia Selling Fund overseen by it and of each corresponding Buying Fund, noting, however, that past performance is no guarantee of future results. Specifically, the Columbia Atlantic Board noted the following with respect to each Reorganization:

Proposal 1

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series into RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund. Among other things, the Columbia Atlantic Board considered the relative performance of the Funds for periods ending February 28, 2010, during which Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series’ performance was better over the one-, three- and five- and ten-year periods. The Columbia Atlantic Board also considered that Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series received a higher rating for the ten-year period and that the Funds received the same rating for the three- and five-year periods from an independent information provider.

Proposal 2

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series into Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund. Among other things, the Columbia Atlantic Board considered the relative performance of the Funds for periods ending June 30, 2010, during which Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series’ performance was better over the one-, three-, five- and ten-year periods. The Columbia Atlantic Board also considered that Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series received a higher rating for the three-, five- and ten-year periods from an independent information provider.

 

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ECONOMIES OF SCALE. The Columbia Atlantic Board observed that, in addition to the potential to realize economies associated with consolidating a smaller Columbia Selling Fund into a larger combined Fund, such as the elimination of duplicative costs, the combined funds may be able to take advantage of other economies of scale associated with larger funds. For example, a larger fund may benefit from fee breakpoints, may have an enhanced ability to effect portfolio transactions on favorable terms and may have greater investment flexibility. The Columbia Atlantic Board also considered the potential benefits and economies of scale to Columbia Management resulting from the Reorganizations and whether those benefits were shared with funds shareholders. The Columbia Atlantic Board also considered Columbia Management’s belief that each Buying Fund would be better positioned to experience growth in assets from investor inflows than each Columbia Selling Fund overseen by the Columbia Atlantic Board.

Reasons for the Proposed Reorganizations and Board Deliberations — Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

The Reorganization of each of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (each, a “RiverSource Selling Fund,” and collectively, the “RiverSource Selling Funds”) was reviewed by the Board of each RiverSource Selling Fund involved therein, with the advice and assistance of Fund counsel and independent legal counsel to such Board. (The RiverSource Selling Funds are overseen by one Board (the “RiverSource Board”). The other Selling Funds are overseen by the “Columbia Atlantic Board”. The factors considered by the Columbia Atlantic Board in reviewing the Reorganizations of the Selling Funds overseen by them are discussed separately on page 87).

At regular and special meetings of the RiverSource Board in May, June and August 2010, the RiverSource Board considered the Reorganization of each RiverSource Selling Fund, as proposed by Columbia Management. In connection with those RiverSource Board meetings, Columbia Management and its affiliates provided background materials, analyses and other information to the RiverSource Board regarding, among other things, the topics discussed below, including in response to specific requests by the RiverSource Board, and responded to questions raised by the RiverSource Board at that meeting. The RiverSource Board also considered information provided in connection with various other proposals by Columbia Management to integrate the funds advised by Columbia Management into a single fund family with greater uniformity, including proposals to standardize fees charged by Columbia management and its affiliates, as well as other service providers, for services provided to similar funds.

After the RiverSource Board reviewed, evaluated and discussed the materials, analyses and information provided to it that the RiverSource Board considered relevant to its deliberations, the RiverSource Board, including the independent Board members thereof (the “Non-Interested Directors”), unanimously approved the Reorganization of each RiverSource Selling Fund. The RiverSource Board, including the Non-Interested Directors, also unanimously determined that participation by each RiverSource Selling Fund in its respective Reorganization was in the best interests of such RiverSource Selling Fund and that the interests of existing shareholders of each RiverSource Selling Fund would not be diluted as a result of the Reorganization.

The general factors considered by the RiverSource Board in assessing and approving each applicable Reorganization included, among others, in no order of priority:

 

  1. various potential benefits of the Reorganization to the shareholders of the RiverSource Selling Funds;

 

  2. the Reorganization as part of Columbia Management’s overall commitment to streamline and to improve its fund offerings for the benefit of Fund shareholders;

 

  3. the relative similarity of investment objectives, principal investment strategies and policies of each RiverSource Selling Fund and the corresponding Buying Fund and, in that connection, the anticipated continuity of investment for shareholders of each RiverSource Selling Fund as it merges into the corresponding Buying Fund;

 

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  4. the estimated operating expenses that shareholders of each class of shares of each RiverSource Selling Fund are expected to experience as shareholders of the corresponding Buying Fund after the Reorganization relative to the operating expenses currently borne by such shareholders including that, on a net basis, such expenses generally are expected to decline or remain approximately the same as a result of the Reorganization (after taking into account Columbia Management’s contractual agreement to limit the total operating expenses of each Buying Fund) (see “Fees and Expenses”);

 

  5. the current assets of each RiverSource Selling Fund and the corresponding Buying Fund, and the anticipated combined pro forma assets of each Buying Fund after the Reorganization;

 

  6. the portfolio management team expected to be responsible for the combined Fund, and the historical performance of each RiverSource Selling Fund and the corresponding Buying Fund, recognizing that no assurances can be given that the Buying Fund will achieve any particular level of performance after the Reorganization;

 

  7. the likelihood that each RiverSource Selling Fund would achieve and/or maintain sufficient size to ensure its continued economic viability absent the Reorganization, and the corresponding Buying Fund’s relative prospects for attracting additional assets after the Reorganization;

 

  8. for each Reorganization in which the RiverSource Selling Fund and its corresponding Buying Fund have elected to be treated as a “regulated investment company” (“RIC”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes (previously defined as a “RIC Reorganization”), the anticipated tax-free nature of the Reorganization, the expectation that the Reorganization would not be a taxable event for Contract Owners, and other expected U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Reorganization (see “Tax Status of the Reorganizations”);

 

  9. for each Reorganization in which the RiverSource Selling Fund has elected to be treated as a RIC, while the Buying Fund is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes (previously defined as a “RIC-to-Partnership Reorganization”), the expectation that the RiverSource Selling Fund’s tax basis in its assets will carry over to its corresponding Buying Fund, the Buying Fund’s holding period in those assets will include the RiverSource Selling Fund’s holding period therein, and the distribution by the RiverSource Selling Fund of the Reorganization Shares in liquidation will eliminate any tax liability of the RiverSource Selling Fund on any gain realized in connection with the Reorganization (see “Tax Status of the Reorganizations” above);

 

  10. the potential benefits of the Reorganization to Columbia Management and its affiliates;

 

  11. that shareholders of the RiverSource Selling Funds will experience no material change in shareholder services as a result of the Reorganization;

 

  12. any brokerage costs resulting from the Reorganization (e.g., each RiverSource Selling Fund’s turnover associated with and resulting from the sale of any securities the corresponding Buying Fund does not wish to purchase); and

 

  13. that the direct costs associated with the Reorganization will be borne by the RiverSource Selling Funds only to the extent that Columbia Management anticipates a reduction in expenses to shareholders of the RiverSource Selling Fund in the first year following the Reorganization.

In their deliberations, the RiverSource Board did not identify any single factor that was paramount or controlling and individual Board members may have attributed different weights to various factors. The RiverSource Board also evaluated all information available to it on a Selling Fund-by-Selling Fund basis, and made determinations separately in respect of each RiverSource Selling Fund. Certain of the factors considered by the RiverSource Board are discussed in more detail below.

STREAMLINED PRODUCT LINE. The RiverSource Board considered that the Reorganizations are intended, among other things, to streamline Columbia Management’s product offerings by reducing the number of funds in the integrated fund complex. Reducing the number of funds in the complex is intended to enhance the funds’ prospects for attracting additional assets by better differentiating the funds for potential shareholders.

 

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TAX CONSEQUENCES. The RiverSource Board examined the relative tax situations of each RiverSource Selling Fund and its corresponding Buying Fund and the resulting tax impact of each proposed Reorganization to each RiverSource Selling Fund’s shareholders. In that connection, as noted, the RiverSource Board considered, for each RIC Reorganization, the anticipated tax–free nature of the Reorganization, the expectation that the Reorganization would not be a taxable event for Contract Owners, and other expected U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Reorganization. With respect to each RIC-to-Partnership Reorganization, the RiverSource Board considered the expectation that: (i) the RiverSource Selling Fund’s tax basis in its assets will carry over to its corresponding Buying Fund and the Buying Fund’s holding period in those assets will include the RiverSource Selling Fund’s holding period therein; and (ii) the Reorganization will not create any tax liability for Contract Owners (subject to the conditions discussed herein; see “Tax Considerations Applicable to Contract Owners”).

BROKERAGE AND TRANSACTIONS COSTS. As noted, the RiverSource Board considered brokerage costs expected as a result of each Reorganization (e.g., each RiverSource Selling Fund’s turnover associated with and resulting from the sale of any securities the corresponding Buying Fund does not wish to (or cannot) purchase). In particular, the RiverSource Board reviewed the incremental trading costs involved with the expected turnover of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio as compared with the effect of the Reorganization on the Fund’s expenses generally. The RiverSource Board took into account though management’s expectation that, over time, the expected growth of the larger combined Fund should result in savings that defray the one-time brokerage costs associated with the Reorganization.

CONTINUITY OF INVESTMENT. The RiverSource Board took into account the fact that each RiverSource Selling Fund and its corresponding Buying Fund have similar investment objectives and principal investment strategies. Specifically, the RiverSource Board noted the following with respect to each Reorganization:

Proposal 3

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio — Larger-Cap Value Fund. The RiverSource Board considered that both Funds seek long-term growth of capital. The RiverSource Board also noted the commonality in investment strategy in that both Funds invest primarily in equity securities of large-cap companies. It was also observed though that the Funds share a common portfolio management team, benchmark index and Lipper category.

Proposal 4

Seligman Capital Portfolio into Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series. The RiverSource Board considered that the Buying Fund and the RiverSource Selling Fund share substantially similar investment objectives. The RiverSource Board also noted the similarity in investment strategies in that both Funds primarily invest in equity securities of mid-cap companies. It was observed, in particular, that the Buying Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of U.S. companies that have market capitalizations in the range of companies in the Russell MidCap Growth Index at the time of purchase, while the RiverSource Selling Fund invests primarily in the common stock of medium-sized U.S. companies with market capitalizations between $1 billion and $15 billion at the time of purchase. It was also observed though that the Funds share a common portfolio management team, benchmark index and Lipper category.

Proposal 5

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio — Smaller-Cap Value Fund. The RiverSource Board considered that the Buying Fund and the RiverSource Selling Fund share substantially similar investment objectives. The RiverSource Board also noted the similarity in investment strategies in that both Funds invest primarily in equity securities of companies with smaller market capitalizations. It was observed, in

 

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particular, that the Buying Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of companies with market capitalizations of up to $2 billion or that fall within the range of the Russell 2000 Index at the time of purchase, while the RiverSource Selling Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets in the common stock of “value” companies with market capitalizations of $3 billion or less at the time of purchase. It was also observed though that the Funds share a common portfolio management team and Lipper category.

Proposal 6

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio into Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. The RiverSource Board considered that the Buying Fund seeks to provide shareholders with long-term capital appreciation, and the RiverSource Selling Fund similarly seeks to provide shareholders with capital gain. The RiverSource Board also noted the commonality in investment strategy in that both Funds invest at least 80% of their assets in securities of companies in technology and technology-related industries. The RiverSource Board also considered that while the RiverSource Selling Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in foreign investments, the Buying Fund must invest at least 40% of its net assets in such investments. The RiverSource Board observed though that each Fund is classified by Lipper in the Science and Technology Funds category and is managed within the same group at Columbia Management, the Seligman Technology Group.

INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE. The RiverSource Board considered the relative performance record of each RiverSource Selling Fund and of its corresponding Buying Fund, noting, however, that past performance is no guarantee of future results. Specifically, the RiverSource Board noted the following with respect to each Reorganization:

Proposal 3

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio — Larger-Cap Value Fund. The RiverSource Board considered the relative performance of the Funds for periods ending February 28, 2010, during which the RiverSource Selling Fund’s performance was better for the one-, three- and five-year periods. However, the RiverSource Board noted the significant difference in size between the smaller RiverSource Selling Fund and the larger Buying Fund. It was also observed that both Funds are now managed by the same portfolio management team and share a common benchmark index and Lipper category.

Proposal 4

Seligman Capital Portfolio into Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series. The RiverSource Board considered the relative performance of the Funds for periods ending February 28, 2010, during which the RiverSource Selling Fund’s performance was better for the one-year period, but the Buying Fund’s performance was better for the three- and five-year periods. It was also observed that the Funds now share a common portfolio management team, benchmark index and Lipper category.

Proposal 5

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio — Smaller-Cap Value Fund. The RiverSource Board considered the relative performance of the Funds for periods ending February 28, 2010, during which the RiverSource Selling Fund’s performance was better for the three-, five- and ten-year periods, while the Buying Fund’s performance was better for the one-year period. It was observed though that both Funds are now managed by the same portfolio management team and share a common Lipper category.

 

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Proposal 6

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio into Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. The RiverSource Board considered the relative performance of the Funds for periods ending February 28, 2010, during which the RiverSource Selling Fund’s performance was better for the three-, five- and ten-year periods, while the Buying Fund’s performance was better for the one-year period. However, the RiverSource Board noted information from Columbia Management indicating that for the three-year period ending December 31, 2009, the Funds have delivered similar risk-adjusted returns relative to their respective benchmark index and also have a similar beta, which is a risk measure that gauges sensitivity to market movements. The RiverSource Board also observed that each Fund is managed within the Seligman Technology Group of Columbia Management.

ECONOMIES OF SCALE. The RiverSource Board observed that, in addition to the potential to realize immediate economies associated with consolidating a smaller RiverSource Selling Fund into a larger combined Fund, such as the elimination of duplicative costs, the combined funds may be able to take advantage of other economies of scale associated with larger funds. For example, a larger fund may benefit more quickly from pre-established “breakpoints” in investment management services fees that are triggered as the fund’s net asset level increases, may have an enhanced ability to effect portfolio transactions on favorable terms and may have greater investment flexibility. Furthermore, the RiverSource Board observed that the combined fixed expenses of the larger combined Fund, such as audit and accounting expenses, could be reduced as they are spread across a larger asset base. The RiverSource Board also considered the potential benefits and economies of scale to Columbia Management resulting from the Reorganizations and whether those benefits were shared with Fund shareholders. The RiverSource Board also considered Columbia Management’s belief that each Buying Fund would be better positioned to experience growth in assets from investor inflows than the applicable RiverSource Selling Fund.

Board Recommendation and Required Vote

The Board of each Selling Fund unanimously recommends that shareholders of that Selling Fund approve the proposed Agreement.

For each Selling Fund, the Agreement must be approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Selling Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act. A vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Selling Fund is defined in the 1940 Act as the affirmative vote of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares of the Selling Fund that are present or represented by proxy at the Meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Selling Fund are present or represented by proxy at the Meeting; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Selling Fund.

If the Agreement is not approved for a Selling Fund, the applicable Board will consider what further action should be taken with respect to such Selling Fund. The approval of the Reorganization of one Selling Fund is not conditioned upon the approval of the Reorganization of any other Selling Fund.

If shareholders approve the Reorganization of a Selling Fund, it is anticipated that the Reorganization would occur before the end of the second quarter of 2011.

 

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SECTION B — BOARD PROPOSALS

Proposal 7 – Election of Directors (Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio only)

On May 1, 2010, Ameriprise Financial, Inc., the parent company of Columbia Management, the Board Election Funds’ investment manager, acquired the long-term asset management business of Columbia Management Group, LLC and certain of its affiliated companies from Bank of America, N.A. (the “Transaction”). In connection with the Transaction, Columbia Management became the investment manager of the Columbia-branded funds (the “Columbia Fund Complex”), in addition to the funds then branded as RiverSource, Seligman and Threadneedle funds (the “RiverSource Fund Complex,” and together with the Columbia Fund Complex, the “Combined Fund Complex”).

Following the Transaction, the boards of directors/trustees of the RiverSource Fund Complex (collectively, the “Columbia RiverSource Board”) and the boards of trustees of the Columbia Fund Complex had ongoing discussions regarding a potential consolidated board of directors/trustees to oversee all or a portion of the Combined Fund Complex. In September 2010, these discussions culminated in an agreement between the Columbia RiverSource Board and the current Columbia Nations Board to have a consolidated board of directors/trustees for a portion of the Combined Fund Complex. Specifically, they agreed that the RiverSource Fund Complex and the portion of the Columbia Fund Complex overseen by the Columbia Nations Board should be overseen by a consolidated board of directors/trustees. In this regard, even though the Columbia RiverSource Board would be larger and cause the portion of the Combined Fund Complex overseen by it to pay more in director/trustee compensation in the aggregate, reducing the number of separate boards overseeing a fund complex can lead to operational efficiencies by reducing the number of board meetings, minimizing inconsistencies in governance and oversight matters and streamlining the resources needed to support board reporting and interaction.

Each Board Election Fund is a series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. (the “Company”). In order to effect the consolidation, at a joint meeting held on September 29, 2010, the Board Governance Committee of the Columbia RiverSource Board, in joint session with the full Columbia RiverSource Board, recommended the nomination of the Non-Interested Nominees (defined below) and the Interested Nominees (defined below). The Columbia RiverSource Board, including a majority of the directors who are not “interested persons,” as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, of the company (each, a “Non-Interested Director” and collectively, the “Non-Interested Directors”), and the Board Governance Committee of the Columbia RiverSource Board voting separately, unanimously nominated the Non-Interested Nominees and Interested Nominees and voted to present each Nominee to shareholders for election as directors. The Columbia RiverSource Board currently has no reason to believe that any Nominee will become unavailable for election as a director, but if such unavailability should occur before the Meeting, the proxies will be voted for such other individuals as the Board Governance Committee of the Columbia RiverSource Board and the full Columbia RiverSource Board may designate.

The Board Elections will be effective in the second quarter of 2011.

A Nominee is deemed to be “non-interested” to the extent the Nominee is not an “interested person,” as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, of the Company (each, a “Non-Interested Nominee” and collectively, the “Non-Interested Nominees”). The Non-Interested Nominees are: Kathleen Blatz, Edward J. Boudreau, Jr., Pamela G. Carlton, William P. Carmichael, Patricia M. Flynn, William A. Hawkins, R. Glenn Hilliard, Stephen R. Lewis, Jr., John F. Maher, John J. Nagorniak, Catherine James Paglia, Leroy C. Richie, Alison Taunton-Rigby and Minor M. Shaw.

William F. Truscott and Anthony M. Santomero (each an “Interested Nominee” and collectively, the “Interested Nominees”) are “interested persons” of the Company. William F. Truscott is an “interested person” of the Company (an “Interested Director”) because he serves as Chairman of the Board of Columbia Management (and was previously the President, Chairman of the Board and Chief Investment Officer of Columbia Management from 2001-2010) and as a senior executive of Ameriprise Financial, Inc., the parent company of Columbia Management, in which he is also a stockholder. Although Dr. Santomero is “independent”

 

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of Columbia Management and its affiliates, in that he is not a director, officer or employee thereof, he is an “interested person” of the Company because he serves as a director of Citigroup, Inc. and Citigroup, N.A., which may engage from time to time in brokerage execution, principal transactions and/or lending relationships with funds that are series of the Company or other funds or accounts advised/managed by Columbia Management and/or a subadviser utilized by funds that are series of the Company.

Sixteen Nominees have been nominated to the Columbia RiverSource Board. Nine of those Nominees are directors currently serving on the twelve-member Columbia RiverSource Board. If the Nominees are elected by shareholders, at least 75% of the Company’s directors will continue to be Non-Interested Directors. The Nominees would serve as directors in accordance with the organizational documents of the Company. Each director would serve for an indefinite term. A director’s term may terminate by the election of his or her successor, by the termination or dissolution of the Company, or by his or her death, resignation, removal, retirement or incapacity. Under the current Columbia RiverSource Board’s policy, a director may serve until the next Columbia RiverSource Board meeting after he or she reaches the mandatory retirement age established by the Columbia RiverSource Board, or the fifteenth anniversary of the first Columbia RiverSource Board meeting he or she attended as a director.

 

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Information Regarding the Non-Interested Nominees

Background information regarding each of the Non-Interested Nominees follows.

 

Name, Address and Age

 

Position(s)
Held or to be
Held with the
Company

 

Term of Office

and Length of

Time Served
as Director

 

Principal Occupation(s)
During the Past Five Years

 

Number of
Portfolios in
Combined
Fund Complex
Overseen or to
Be Overseen(1)

 

Other

Directorships

Held by Nominee

During the Past
Five Years

Kathleen Blatz

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 56

  Director   Indefinite term; Director since 1/11/06   Chief Justice, Minnesota Supreme Court, 1998-2006; Attorney   194   None

Edward J. Boudreau, Jr.

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 66

  Director   Indefinite term; None   Managing Director – E.J. Boudreau & Associates (consulting), from 2000 through current   192   BofA Funds Series Trust (11 funds)

Pamela G. Carlton

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 56

  Director  

Indefinite term;

Director since 7/11/07

  President, Springboard-Partners in Cross Cultural Leadership (consulting company)   194   None

William P. Carmichael

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 67

  Director   Indefinite term; None   Retired   192   BofA Funds Series Trust (11 funds); Cobra Electronics Corporation (electronic equipment manufacturer); The Finish Line (sportswear); McMoRan Exploration Company (oil and gas exploration and development); former Director of Spectrum Brands, Inc. (consumer products); former Director of Simmons Company (bedding)

Patricia M. Flynn

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 59

  Director   Indefinite term; Director since 11/1/04   Trustee Professor of Economics and Management, Bentley University; former Dean, McCallum Graduate School of Business, Bentley University   194   None

William A. Hawkins

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 68

  Director   Indefinite term; None   President and Chief Executive Officer – California General Bank, N.A., from January 2008 through current   192   BofA Funds Series Trust (11 funds)

 

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Name, Address and Age

 

Position(s)
Held or to be
Held with the
Company

 

Term of Office

and Length of

Time Served
as Director

 

Principal Occupation(s)
During the Past Five Years

 

Number of
Portfolios in
Combined
Fund Complex
Overseen or to
Be Overseen(1)

 

Other

Directorships

Held by Nominee

During the Past
Five Years

R. Glenn Hilliard

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 67

  Director   Indefinite term; None   Chairman and Chief Executive Officer – Hilliard Group LLC (investing and consulting), from April 2003 through current; Non-Executive Director & Chairman – CNO Financial, Inc. (formerly Conseco, Inc.) (insurance), September 2003 through current; Executive Chairman – Conseco, Inc. (insurance), August 2004 through September 2005   192   BofA Funds Series Trust (11 funds); CNO Financial, Inc. (insurance)

Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 71

 

Director

and Chairman of the Board

  Indefinite term; Chairman of the Board since 1/1/07 and Director since 1/1/02   President Emeritus and Professor of Economics, Carleton College   194   Valmont Industries, Inc. (manufactures irrigation systems)

John F. Maher

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 67

  Director  

Indefinite term;

Director since 12/10/08

  Retired President and Chief Executive Officer and former Director, Great Western Financial Corporation (financial services), 1986-1997   194   None

John J. Nagorniak

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 66

  Director   Indefinite term; None   Retired; President and Director – Foxstone Financial, Inc. (consulting), 2000 through December 2007; Director – Mellon Financial Corporation affiliates (investing), 2000 through 2007; Chairman – Franklin Portfolio Associates (investing – Mellon affiliate) 1982 through 2007   192   BofA Funds Series Trust (11 funds); Research Foundation of CFA Institute; Director – MIT Investment Company; Trustee – MIT 401k Plan

Catherine James Paglia

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 58

  Director   Indefinite term; 11/1/04   Director, Enterprise Asset Management, Inc. (private real estate and asset management company)   194   None

Leroy C. Richie

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 69

  Director   Indefinite term; Director since 11/11/08   Counsel, Lewis & Munday, P.C. since 2004; former Vice President and General Counsel, Automotive Legal Affairs, Chrysler Corporation (automotive)  

194

  Digital Ally, Inc. (digital imaging); Infinity, Inc. (oil and gas exploration and production); OGE Energy Corp. (energy and energy services)

Minor M. Shaw

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 63

  Director   Indefinite term; None   President – Micco Corporation (real estate development) and Mickel Investment Group  

192

  BofA Funds Series Trust (II Funds); Piedmont Natural Gas

 

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Name, Address and Age

 

Position(s)
Held or to be
Held with the
Company

 

Term of Office

and Length of

Time Served
as Director

 

Principal Occupation(s)
During the Past Five Years

 

Number of
Portfolios in
Combined
Fund Complex
Overseen or to
Be Overseen(1)

 

Other

Directorships

Held by Nominee

During the Past
Five Years

Alison Taunton-Rigby

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 66

  Director   Indefinite term; Director since 11/13/02   Chief Executive Officer and Director, RiboNovix, Inc. since 2003 (biotechnology); former President, Aquila Biopharmaceuticals  

194

 

Idera Pharmaceuticals,

Inc. (biotechnology);

Healthways, Inc. (health management programs)

 

 

(1)

If elected to serve on the Columbia RiverSource Board, each Non-Interested Nominee would oversee 148 funds of the RiverSource Fund Complex (except that each Non-Interested Nominee who is currently a Non-Interested Director would also oversee Tri-Continental Corporation and Columbia Seligman Premium Technology Growth Fund, for a total of 150 funds of the RiverSource Fund Complex), and if such Non-Interested Nominee also serves, or is elected to serve, on the Columbia Nations Board, then the Non-Interested Nominee would oversee 44 funds of the Columbia Fund Complex, for a total of 192 (or 194) funds across the Combined Fund Complex. The number of funds overseen by each Non-Interested Nominee would be reduced substantially if certain board-approved fund reorganizations (or mergers) are approved by shareholders of certain funds in the Combined Fund Complex.

 

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Information Regarding the Interested Nominees

Background information regarding each of the Interested Nominees follows.

 

Name, Address and Age

 

Position(s)
Held or to be

Held with the
Company

 

Term of Office

and Length of

Time Served

as Director

 

Principal Occupation(s)
During the Past Five Years

 

Number of
Portfolios in
Combined Fund
Complex
Overseen or to

Be Overseen(1)

 

Other

Directorships

Held by Nominee

During the Past
Five Years

Anthony M. Santomero

c/o Columbia Family of Funds

One Financial Center,

Boston, MA 02111

Age 64

  Director   Indefinite term; None   Richard K. Mellon Professor Emeritus of Finance, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, from 2002 through current; Senior Advisor – McKinsey & Company (consulting), July 2006 through January 2008; President and Chief Executive Officer – Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, July 2000 through April 2006   192   BofA Funds Series Trust (11 funds); Renaissance Reinsurance Ltd.; Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company; Citigroup, Inc.; Citibank, N.A.

William F. Truscott

53600 Ameriprise

Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

Age 50

  Director; Senior Vice President   Indefinite term; Director since 11/7/01; Senior Vice President since 5/1/10  

Chairman of the Board, Columbia

Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly RiverSource Investments, LLC) since May 2010 (previously President, Chairman of the Board and Chief Investment Officer, 2001-April 2010); Senior Vice President, Columbia Funds since May 2010; Chief Executive Officer, U.S. Asset Management & President –

Annuities, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since May 2010 (previously President – U.S. Asset Management and Chief Investment Officer, 2005-April 2010 and Senior Vice President – Chief Investment Officer, 2001-2005); Director, President and Chief Executive Officer, Ameriprise Certificate Company since 2006; Director, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) since May 2010 (previously Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, 2008-April 2010); Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. 2006 (-2008)

  194   None

 

(1)

If elected to serve on the Columbia RiverSource Board, Dr. Santomero would oversee 148 funds of the RiverSource Fund Complex. If Dr. Santomero also is elected to serve on the Columbia Nations Board, then Dr. Santomero would oversee 44 funds of the

 

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Columbia Fund Complex, for a total of 192 funds across the Combined Fund Complex. If elected to serve on the Columbia RiverSource Board, Mr. Truscott would oversee 150 funds (which includes, in addition to the same 148 funds that would be overseen by Dr. Santomero, Tri-Continental Corporation and Columbia Seligman Premium Technology Growth Fund) of the RiverSource Fund Complex. If Mr. Truscott also is elected to serve on the Columbia Nations Board, then Mr. Truscott would oversee 44 funds of the Columbia Fund Complex, for a total of 194 funds across the Combined Fund Complex. The number of funds overseen by each Interested Nominee would be reduced substantially if certain board-approved fund reorganizations are approved by shareholders of certain funds in the Combined Fund Complex.

Nominees’ Beneficial Ownership of Shares of Each Board Election Fund

Exhibit F of this combined proxy statement/prospectus provides information, as of September 30, 2010, about the beneficial ownership by the Nominees of shares of each Board Election Fund.

Status of Current Directors

Kathleen Blatz, Arne H. Carlson, Pamela G. Carlton, Patricia M. Flynn, Anne P. Jones, Jeffrey Laikind, Stephen R. Lewis, Jr., John F. Maher, Catherine James Paglia, Leroy C. Richie, Alison Taunton-Rigby and William F. Truscott currently comprise the entire Columbia RiverSource Board. Due to the mandatory retirement age described above, Ms. Jones and Messrs. Carlson and Laikind have not been re-nominated to serve as directors on the Columbia RiverSource Board. The Columbia RiverSource Board met on the following number of occasions during each Board Election Fund’s most recent fiscal year.

 

Fund

   Number of Meetings  

Seligman Capital Portfolio

     11   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

     11   

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

     11   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

     11   

Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight

The Columbia RiverSource Board oversees management of the Company and the Board Election Funds. The Columbia RiverSource Board has a duty to act in the best interest of shareholders when supervising and overseeing the management and operations of the Company. The Columbia RiverSource Board currently consists of twelve directors who have extensive and varied experience and skills. Eleven of the directors are Non-Interested Directors. Information about the background and qualifications of each of the directors can be found in the sections titled “Information Regarding the Non-Interested Nominees” and “Information Regarding the Interested Nominees” above.

The Columbia RiverSource Board has appointed Stephen R. Lewis, Jr., a Non-Interested Director, to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairman has significant additional responsibilities compared to the other directors, including, among other things: setting the agenda for Columbia RiverSource Board meetings, communicating and meeting regularly with the other directors between board and committee meetings on Board Election Fund-related matters with the Board Election Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer, counsel to the Non-Interested Directors and representatives of the Board Election Funds’ service providers and overseeing Board Services Corporation (which provides office space and other services to the Columbia RiverSource Board). The Nominees have agreed, if all of the Nominees are elected by the shareholders of the Company, to appoint Stephen R. Lewis, Jr. as Chairman subsequent to the Meeting.

The Columbia RiverSource Board has several standing committees (the “Committees”) which are an integral part of the Board Election Funds’ overall governance and risk management oversight structure. The standing Committees are the Board Governance Committee, the Compliance Committee, the Contracts Committee, the Executive Committee, the Investment Review Committee and the Audit Committee.

 

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The roles of each Committee are more fully described in the section titled “Current Committees of the Columbia RiverSource Board” below.

The Columbia RiverSource Board initially approves an Investment Management Services Agreement and other contracts with Columbia Management and its affiliates, and other service providers. Once the contracts are approved, the Columbia RiverSource Board monitors the level and quality of services, including commitments of service providers to achieve expected levels of investment performance and shareholder services. In addition, the Columbia RiverSource Board oversees that processes are in place to assure compliance with applicable rules, regulations and investment policies and address possible conflicts of interest. Annually, the Columbia RiverSource Board evaluates the services received under the contracts by receiving reports covering investment performance, shareholder services, marketing, and Columbia Management’s profitability in order to determine whether to continue existing contracts or negotiate new contracts. The Columbia RiverSource Board also oversees Board Election Fund risks, primarily through the functions (described below) performed by the Investment Review Committee, the Audit Committee and the Compliance Committee.

The leadership structure of the Columbia RiverSource Board, including the Committee structure and the manner in which the Columbia RiverSource Board conducts its risk oversight role, may be changed at any time and in the discretion of the Columbia RiverSource Board, including in response to changes in circumstances or the characteristics of the Companies. In this regard, it may be changed in certain respects as the Columbia RiverSource Board consolidates with the Columbia Nations Board and considers enhancing and reconciling various practices that have historically been different.

Current Committees of the Columbia RiverSource Board

The Columbia RiverSource Board has organized the following standing Committees to facilitate its work: the Board Governance Committee, the Compliance Committee, the Contracts Committee, the Executive Committee, the Investment Review Committee and the Audit Committee. These Committees are comprised solely of Non-Interested Directors. The duties of these Committees are described below.

Mr. Lewis, as Chairman of the Columbia RiverSource Board, acts as a point of contact between the Non-Interested Directors and Columbia Management between Columbia RiverSource Board meetings in respect of general matters.

Board Governance Committee

The Board Governance Committee recommends to the full Columbia RiverSource Board the size, structure and composition of the Columbia RiverSource Board and its Committees, the compensation to be paid to members of the Columbia RiverSource Board and a process for assessing the operations of the Columbia RiverSource Board. The Board Governance Committee also reviews candidates for Columbia RiverSource Board membership, including candidates recommended by shareholders. The Board Governance Committee also makes recommendations to the Columbia RiverSource Board regarding responsibilities and duties of the Columbia RiverSource Board, oversees proxy voting and supports the work of the Chairman in relation to furthering the interests of the Board Election Funds and their shareholders on external matters.

To be considered as a candidate for director, recommendations must include a curriculum vitae and be mailed to the Chairman of the Board, 901 Marquette Avenue South, Suite 2810, Minneapolis, MN 55402-3268. To be timely for consideration by the Board Governance Committee, the submission, including all required information, must be submitted in writing not less than 120 days before the date of the proxy statement for the previous year’s annual meeting of shareholders, if such a meeting is held. Otherwise, such submission shall be subject to the timing requirement set forth in the section captioned “SECTION C — PROXY VOTING AND SHAREHOLDER MEETING INFORMATION — Shareholder Proposals” for submission of other shareholder proposals. The Board Governance Committee will consider only one candidate submitted by such a shareholder or group for nomination for election at a meeting of shareholders. The Board Governance Committee will not

 

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consider self-nominated candidates or candidates nominated by members of a candidate’s family, including such candidate’s spouse, children, parents, uncles, aunts, grandparents, nieces and nephews.

The Board Governance Committee will consider and evaluate candidates submitted by the nominating shareholder or group on the basis of the same criteria as those used to consider and evaluate candidates submitted from other sources. The Board Governance Committee may take into account a wide variety of factors in considering director candidates, including (but not limited to): (i) the candidate’s knowledge in matters relating to the investment company industry; (ii) any experience possessed by the candidate as a director or senior officer of other public or private companies; (iii) the candidate’s educational background; (iv) the candidate’s reputation for high ethical standards and personal and professional integrity; (v) any specific financial, technical or other expertise possessed by the candidate, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Columbia RiverSource Board’s existing mix of skills and qualifications; (vi) the candidate’s perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Columbia RiverSource Board, including the candidate’s ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly, work collaboratively with other members of the Columbia RiverSource Board and carry out his or her duties in the best interests of the fund; (vii) the candidate’s ability to qualify as an independent (or non-interested) director; and (viii) such other criteria as the Board Governance Committee determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Columbia RiverSource Board and any anticipated vacancies or other factors.

One or more members of the Board Governance Committee (and/or the Columbia RiverSource Board) also endeavor to meet with each nominee to evaluate the candidate’s ability to work effectively with other members of the Columbia RiverSource Board, while also exercising independent judgment. Although the Columbia RiverSource Board does not have a formal diversity policy, the Columbia RiverSource Board endeavors to comprise itself of members with a broad mix of professional and personal backgrounds. Thus, the Board Governance Committee and the Columbia RiverSource Board accorded particular weight to the individual professional background of each Non-Interested Director, as summarized below under “Nominee Qualifications.”

The Columbia RiverSource Board believes that the Board Election Funds are well-served by a board the membership of which consists of persons that represent a broad mix of professional and personal backgrounds. In considering nominations, the Board Governance Committee takes the following matrix into account in assessing how a candidate’s professional background would fit into the mix of experiences represented by the then-current Columbia RiverSource Board.

 

Name

  Geographic     PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND - 2010  
    For Profit;
CIO/CFO;
CEO/COO
    Non-Profit;
Government;
CEO
    Investment     Legal;
Regulatory
    Political     Academic     Distribution;
Marketing
    Audit
Committee;
Financial
Expert
 

Blatz

    MN          X          X        X         

Boudreau

    MA        X          X             

Carlton

    NY            X        X              X   

Carmichael

    IL        X          X        X              X   

Flynn

    MA                  X       

Hawkins

    CA        X                    X   

Hilliard

    CA        X                 

Lewis

    MN          X              X       

Maher

    CT        X          X                X   

Nagorniak

    MA        X          X             

Paglia

    NY        X          X                X   

Richie

    MI        X            X           

Santomero

    PA          X              X       

Shaw

    SC        X        X        X             

Taunton-Rigby

    MA        X          X                X   

 

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With respect to the directorship of Mr. Truscott, who is an Interested Nominee, the Board Governance Committee, and the full Columbia RiverSource Board, have concluded that having a senior executive of Columbia Management serve on the Columbia RiverSource Board can facilitate the Non-Interested Directors’ increased access to information regarding Columbia Management, which is the Company’s most significant service provider.

With respect to the directorship of Dr. Santomero, who is an Interested Nominee, the Board Governance Committee, and the full Columbia RiverSource Board, have concluded that, despite his lack of technical independence under the 1940 Act (arising from his board service to Citigroup, Inc. and Citibank N.A.), he could serve with “substantive independence” primarily since he has no financial interest or relationship with Columbia Management or Ameriprise Financial, Inc. The Columbia RiverSource Board also took into account Dr. Santomero’s broad array of experiences from management consulting to academia to public service, which is expected to complement well the mix of experiences represented by the current Columbia RiverSource Board.

Compliance Committee

The Compliance Committee supports the Board Election Funds’ maintenance of a strong compliance program by providing a forum for Non-Interested Directors to consider compliance matters impacting the Board Election Funds or their key service providers; developing and implementing, in coordination with the Board Election Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”), a process for the review and consideration of compliance reports that are provided to the Columbia RiverSource Board; and providing a designated forum for the Board Election Funds’ CCO to meet with Non-Interested Directors on a regular basis to discuss compliance matters.

Contracts Committee

The Contracts Committee reviews and oversees the contractual relationships with service providers. The Contracts Committee receives and analyzes reports covering the level and quality of services provided under contracts with the Board Election Funds and advises the Columbia RiverSource Board regarding actions taken on these contracts during the annual review process.

Executive Committee

The Executive Committee acts for the Columbia RiverSource Board between meetings of the Columbia RiverSource Board.

Investment Review Committee

The Investment Review Committee reviews and oversees the management of each Board Election Fund’s assets. The Investment Review Committee considers investment management policies and strategies, investment performance, risk management techniques and securities trading practices and reports areas of concern to the Columbia RiverSource Board.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee oversees the accounting and financial reporting processes of the Board Election Funds and internal controls over financial reporting. The Audit Committee oversees the quality and integrity of the Board Election Funds’ financial statements and independent audits as well as the Board Election Funds’ compliance with legal and regulatory requirements relating to the Board Election Funds’ accounting and financial reporting, internal controls over financial reporting and independent audits. The Audit Committee also makes recommendations regarding the selection of the Board Election Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm and reviews and evaluates the qualifications, independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm.

 

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The Audit Committee oversees the Board Election Funds’ risks by, among other things, meeting with the Funds’ internal auditors, establishing procedures for the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of concerns about accounting or audit matters, and overseeing the Funds’ Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

Committee Meetings

The following table shows the number of times the Committees met during each Board Election Fund’s most recent fiscal year.

 

Board
Governance

 

Compliance

 

Contracts

 

Distribution

 

Executive

 

Investment
Review

 

Audit

5   5   6   4   2   6   6

Nominee Qualifications

The Company’s Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws do not set forth any specific qualifications to serve as a director. The charter of the Board Governance Committee also does not set forth any specific qualifications, but does set forth certain factors that the Board Governance Committee may take into account in considering director candidates. The Board Governance Committee charter is attached as Exhibit G to this combined proxy statement/prospectus. The Board Governance Committee has not established any specific minimum qualifications that must be met by a nominee or specific qualities or skills that the Board Governance Committee believes are necessary for one or more of the directors to possess.

The following is a summary of the particular professional and other experience of each Nominee that was relevant to the Board Governance Committee’s nomination of that individual (as of the date of this combined proxy statement/prospectus).

Kathleen Blatz. Ms. Blatz has been a director/trustee on the Columbia RiverSource Board since 2006. Ms. Blatz has ten years of judicial experience and substantial other legal and government experience. Ms. Blatz served as an associate justice of the Minnesota Supreme Court from 1996 to 1998 and as Chief Justice of the court from 1998 to 2006. Ms. Blatz served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1979 to 1994.

Edward J. Boudreau, Jr. Mr. Boudreau has been a trustee of certain trusts in the Columbia Fund Complex since 2005. In addition, he has over thirty years of business and consulting experience, primarily in the financial services industry, including as the chief executive of a mutual fund management company.

Pamela G. Carlton. Ms. Carlton has been a director/trustee on the Columbia RiverSource Board since 2007. Ms. Carlton has significant experience in consulting and in investments, having served as a Managing Director in U.S. Equity Research at J.P. Morgan Chase.

William P. Carmichael. Mr. Carmichael has been a trustee of certain trusts in the Columbia Fund Complex since 1999, and has served as Chairman of the Columbia Nations Board since 2003. Mr. Carmichael served in various senior financial and directorship positions with global consumer products companies. Mr. Carmichael is a certified public accountant and a licensed attorney.

Patricia M. Flynn. Ms. Flynn has been a director/trustee on the Columbia RiverSource Board since 2004. Ms. Flynn currently serves as Trustee Professor of Economics and Management of Bentley University, and was the former dean of a graduate school of business.

William A. Hawkins. Mr. Hawkins has been a trustee of certain trusts in the Columbia Fund Complex since 2005. He currently serves as the President and Chief Executive Officer of California General Bank and has over thirty years of executive level experience in the banking industry. Mr. Hawkins is a certified financial planner and a chartered property and casualty underwriter, as well as holding series 7, 24 and 63 licenses from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.

 

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R. Glenn Hilliard. Mr. Hilliard has been a trustee of certain trusts in the Columbia Fund Complex since 2005. Mr. Hilliard is currently the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of The Hilliard Group, LLC. Mr. Hilliard has over five years executive level experience in the insurance industry. Mr. Hilliard has served on the board of directors and as non-executive chairman of CNO Financial, Inc. (formerly, Conseco, Inc.) for a number of years. Mr. Hilliard is also a licensed attorney.

Stephen R. Lewis, Jr. Mr. Lewis has been the Chairman of the Columbia RiverSource Board since 2007 and a director/trustee on the Columbia RiverSource Board since 2002. From 1987 to 2002, Mr. Lewis served as President of Carleton College, after which he continued to serve as President Emeritus and Professor Emeritus of Economics. Mr. Lewis has more than thirty years experience in Asia and Africa, primarily advising governments on economic policy and negotiations of foreign investment and financing agreements. Mr. Lewis is also a director of Valmont Industries, Inc.

John F. Maher. Mr. Maher has been a director/trustee on the Columbia RiverSource Board since 2008. Mr. Maher has extensive experience in the financial services industry, and was formerly President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of Great Western Financial Corporation.

John J. Nagorniak. Mr. Nagorniak has been a trustee of certain trusts in the Columbia Fund Complex since 2008. Mr. Nagorniak has served in executive level and director positions for over twenty-five years. He is a chartered financial analyst and is currently a trustee of the Research Foundation of the CFA Institute.

Catherine James Paglia. Ms. Paglia has been a director/trustee on the Columbia RiverSource Board since 2004. Ms. Paglia has extensive experience in the asset management industry, and currently serves as a director of Enterprise Asset Management, Inc., a private real estate and asset management company.

Leroy C. Richie. Mr. Richie has been a director/trustee on the Columbia RiverSource Board since 2008. Mr. Richie has over twenty years of legal experience, including, currently, as Counsel at Lewis & Munday, P.C., and formerly served as Vice President and General Counsel, Automotive Legal Affairs, of Chrysler Corporation from 1990 to 1997.

Anthony M. Santomero. Dr. Santomero has been a trustee of certain trusts in the Columbia Fund Complex since 2008. Dr. Santomero has over thirty years of experience as a professor of finance and private consultant specializing in issues including risk management, financial restructuring, credit risk evaluation and management, and regulation. He has served as consultant to financial institutions and agencies in the U.S. and various countries in the European Union and the European Community itself, as well as institutions in various countries around the world. Additionally, Dr. Santomero has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.

Minor M. Shaw. Ms. Shaw has served as a trustee of certain trusts in the Columbia Fund Complex since 2003. Ms. Shaw is the President of certain private companies and is a member of the board of Piedmont Natural Gas and Blue Cross and Blue Shield of South Carolina. Ms. Shaw also serves as an active member on the boards of numerous educational and public service organizations.

Alison Taunton-Rigby. Ms. Taunton-Rigby has been a director/trustee on the Columbia RiverSource Board since 2002. Ms. Taunton-Rigby has been the Chief Executive Officer and a director of RiboNovix, Inc. since 2003. She also formerly served as the President of Aquila Biopharmaceuticals.

William F. Truscott. Mr. Truscott has been a director/trustee on the Columbia RiverSource Board since 2001. Mr. Truscott has over nine years of experience as President and Chief Investment Officer of Columbia Management, and currently serves as Chairman of the Board of Columbia Management. Mr. Truscott is also an executive officer of Ameriprise Financial, Inc., the parent company of Columbia Management.

 

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Procedures for Communications to the Columbia RiverSource Board

Shareholders who want to communicate with the Columbia RiverSource Board or an individual director should send written communications to Board Services Corporation, 901 S. Marquette Ave., Minneapolis, MN 55402, addressed to the board of directors of the Company or the individual director.

Executive Officers of the Company and Columbia Management

Information about the executive officers of the Company and Columbia Management is included in Exhibit H of this combined proxy statement/prospectus.

Remuneration for Directors and Officers

Information about total directors’ fees paid by each Fund and the Companies to the Non-Interested Directors is included in Exhibit E to this combined proxy statement/prospectus. Persons who are employees, officers or directors of Columbia Management receive no remuneration for serving as directors of a Company. If the Nominees are elected to serve on the board of the Combined Fund Complex, the compensation paid to the directors of the Combined Fund Complex (except Mr. Truscott, who will receive no remuneration from the Funds) is expected to be reconsidered and adjusted to reflect the increase in the number of funds to be overseen by the consolidated board and the increased operational efficiencies by reducing the number of Board meetings, minimizing inconsistencies in governance and oversight matters, and streamlining the resources needed to support Board reporting and interaction.

Required Vote and Recommendation

Election of each Nominee requires the affirmative vote of a plurality of the votes cast, and each share may be voted for as many individuals as there are directors to be elected and for whose election the share is entitled to be voted.

The election of Nominees to the Board is not contingent on the approval of any Reorganization.

THE COLUMBIA RIVERSOURCE BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT SHAREHOLDERS VOTE FOR THE ELECTION OF EACH NOMINEE.

 

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SECTION C — PROXY VOTING AND SHAREHOLDER MEETING INFORMATION

Voting. Shareholders of record of each Selling Fund on December 17, 2010 (the “Record Date”) are entitled to vote at the Meeting. With respect to each Reorganization, shares of each of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series and Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series are entitled to one vote for each dollar of net asset value (number of shares owned times net asset value per share), or a proportional fractional vote for each fractional dollar, and shares of each of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio are entitled to one vote for each share standing held irrespective of the series of common stock. All share classes of a Selling Fund will vote together as one class on the Selling Fund’s proposed Reorganization. With respect to the election of Nominees, shareholders of each Selling Fund will vote together with shareholders of each other series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. as a single class. The total number of shares of each class of each Selling Fund outstanding as of the close of business on the Record Date, and the total number of votes to which shareholders of such class are entitled at the Meeting, are set forth below.

 

    Class 1     Class 2     Class A     Class B     Total  

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

         

Shares Outstanding

        1,800,172.053        276,229.879        2,076,401.932   

Total Votes to which Entitled

        52,222,991.26        7,983,043.50        60,206,034.76   

Columbia S&P 500 Index Fund, Variable Series

         

Shares Outstanding

        2,055.137        1,911,836.285        1,913,891.422   

Total Votes to which Entitled

        22,195.48        20,475,766.61        20,497,962.09   

Seligman Capital Portfolio

         

Shares Outstanding

    184,260.109        385,306.344            569,566.453   

Total Votes to which Entitled

    184,260.109        385,306.344                      569,566.453   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

         

Shares Outstanding

    1,150,623.885        1,826,467.858            2,977,091.743   

Total Votes to which Entitled

    1,150,623.885        1,826,467.858                      2,977,091.743   

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

         

Shares Outstanding

    229,350.770              229,350.770   

Total Votes to which Entitled

    229,350.770                             229,350.770   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

         

Shares Outstanding

    9,691,966.885        2,045,691.652            11,737,658.537   

Total Votes to which Entitled

    9,691,966.885        2,045,691.652                      11,737,658.537   

Shares of the Selling Funds are owned of record predominantly by sub-accounts of separate accounts of Participating Insurance Companies established to fund benefits under Contracts issued by the Participating Insurance Companies. The Participating Insurance Company that issued your Contract is the legal owner of your Selling Fund’s shares and will vote those shares at the Meeting. However, as a Contract Owner, you are entitled to instruct the Participating Insurance Company how to vote the shares attributable to your Contract.

 

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Contract Owner Instructions. The Participating Insurance Companies are mailing copies of these proxy materials to Contract Owners who, by completing and signing the accompanying voting instruction card, will instruct their Participating Insurance Company how they wish the shares of the applicable Selling Fund to be voted. Contract Owners also may provide their instructions to the Participating Insurance Company by telephone or internet. Each Contract Owner is entitled to instruct his or her Participating Insurance Company as to how to vote the shares attributable to his or her Contract. The Participating Insurance Companies will vote shares of each Selling Fund as instructed by their Contract Owners. If a Contract Owner simply signs and returns the voting instruction card, the Participating Insurance Companies will treat the card as an instruction to vote the shares represented thereby in favor of the Agreement and for the election of each Nominee. The Participating Insurance Companies intend to vote shares for which no voting instruction cards are returned in the same proportion as the shares for which voting instruction cards are returned. Shares attributable to amounts retained by the Participating Insurance Companies will be voted in the same proportion as votes cast by Contract Owners. Accordingly, there are not expected to be any “broker non-votes.” “Broker non-votes” are shares held by brokers or nominees as to which (i) the broker or nominee does not have discretionary voting power and (ii) the broker or nominee has not received instructions from the beneficial owner or other person who is entitled to instruct how the shares will be voted. Any Contract Owner giving instructions to a Participating Insurance Company has the power to revoke such instructions by providing superseding instructions by mail, telephone or internet. All properly executed instructions received in time for the Meeting will be voted as specified in the instructions. Because the Participating Insurance Companies may vote all Selling Fund shares even if only a small number of Contract Owners forward voting instructions to the Participating Insurance Companies, it is possible that a small number of Contract Owners may determine the outcome of the vote for a Selling Fund.

Quorum and Methods of Tabulation. A quorum is required for shareholders of a Selling Fund to take action at the Meeting. For each of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series and Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series, the presence at the Meeting in person or by proxy of thirty Percent (30%) of the votes entitled to be cast at the Meeting constitutes a quorum. For each of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, the presence at the Meeting in person or by proxy of the holders of record of one-third of the shares issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the Meeting constitutes a quorum. Because the Participating Insurance Companies intend to vote shares for which no voting instruction cards are returned in the same proportion as the shares for which voting instruction cards are returned, it is expected that the presence at the Meeting, in person or by proxy, of Participating Insurance Companies entitled to cast such votes will constitute a quorum regardless of the number of Contract Owners who provide voting instructions.

All shares represented at the Meeting in person or by proxy will be counted for purposes of establishing a quorum. For the purpose of determining whether a quorum is present, shares represented by proxies that reflect abstentions will be counted as shares that are present and entitled to vote. Abstentions will have the effect of votes against a Reorganization and will have no effect on the election of Nominees.

Shareholder Proxies. If a shareholder properly authorizes its proxy by internet or telephone, or by executing and returning the enclosed proxy card by mail, and the proxy is not subsequently revoked, the shareholder’s vote will be cast at the Meeting and at any postponement or adjournment thereof. If a shareholder gives instructions, the shareholder’s vote will be cast in accordance with those instructions. If a shareholder returns a signed proxy card without instructions, the shareholder’s vote will be cast in favor of the Reorganization of the shareholder’s Selling Fund and in favor of the election of each of the Nominees. Your votes will be cast in the discretion of the proxy holders on any other matter that may properly come before the Meeting, including, but not limited to, proposing and/or voting on the adjournment of the Meeting with respect to one or more proposals in the event that sufficient votes in favor of any proposal are not received. Not all proposals affect each Selling Fund, and shareholders of a Selling Fund will be entitled to cast votes and authorize proxies on only those proposals affecting the Selling Fund in which they are shareholders.

If you intend to vote in person at the Meeting, please call 866-492-5763 to obtain important information regarding your attendance at the Meeting, including directions.

 

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Revoking a Shareholder’s Proxy. A shareholder may revoke its proxy prior to the Meeting by providing written notice to Computershare Fund Services, at c/o Operations Department, 280 Oser Avenue, Hauppauge, NY 11788, or change its vote by submitting a subsequently executed and dated proxy card, by authorizing its proxy by internet or telephone on a later date or by attending the Meeting and casting its vote in person. If a shareholder authorizes its proxy by internet or telephone, it may change its instructions prior to the Meeting by authorizing a subsequent proxy by internet or telephone or by completing, signing and returning a proxy card dated as of a date that is later than its last internet or telephone proxy authorization or by attending the Meeting and casting its vote in person. Merely attending the Meeting without voting will not revoke a prior proxy.

Simultaneous Meetings. The meeting for each Selling Fund will be held simultaneously with the meeting for each other Selling Fund, with each proposal being voted on separately by the shareholders of the relevant Selling Fund. If any shareholder objects to the holding of simultaneous meetings, the shareholder may move for an adjournment of his or her Selling Fund’s meeting to a time after the Meeting so that a meeting for that Selling Fund may be held separately. If a shareholder makes this motion, the persons named as proxies will take into consideration the reasons for the objection in deciding whether to vote in favor of the adjournment, and may vote for or against the adjournment in their discretion.

Solicitation of Proxies. The Board of each Selling Fund is asking for your voting instructions and for you to provide your voting instructions as promptly as possible. The expenses of the solicitation will be allocated to each Fund subject to the limitations as described in Exhibit A. Proxies will be solicited primarily through the mailing of this combined prospectus/proxy statement and its enclosures, but proxies may be solicited through further mailings, telephone calls, personal interviews or e-mail by officers of each Selling Fund or by employees or agents of Columbia Management and its affiliated companies.

Shareholder Proposals. The Selling Funds do not hold annual meetings of shareholders. Shareholders who wish to make a proposal not involving the nomination of a person for election as a director or trustee at a Selling Fund’s next special meeting that may be included in the Selling Fund’s proxy materials must notify the relevant Selling Fund a reasonable amount of time before the Selling Fund begins to print and mail its proxy materials. The fact that a Selling Fund receives such a shareholder proposal in a timely manner does not ensure inclusion of the proposal in the proxy materials, because there are other requirements in the proxy rules relating to such inclusion.

Dissenters’ Right of Appraisal. Neither Contract Owners nor shareholders of the Selling Funds have appraisal or dissenters’ rights.

Other Business. The Boards do not know of any matters to be presented at the Meeting other than the Reorganizations and the election of directors. If other business should properly come before the Meeting, the persons named as proxies will vote thereon in their discretion.

Adjournment. If the quorum required for the Meeting has not been met for any Selling Fund, the persons named as proxies may propose adjournment of the Meeting and may vote on the adjournment with respect to all shares for which they are entitled to vote. For each of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series and Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series, the Meeting may be adjourned by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the question, whether or not a quorum is present, and the Meeting may be held as adjourned within a reasonable time after the date set for the original Meeting without further notice. For each of Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, the chairman of the Meeting or the holders of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote have the power to adjourn the Meeting without notice other than announcement at the Meeting to a date not more than 120 days after the original record date.

The persons named as proxies will vote in favor of adjournment with respect to a proposal those shares they are entitled to vote in favor of such proposal. They will vote against any such adjournment those shares they are required to vote against such proposal. The costs of any additional solicitation and of any adjourned Meeting will be borne in the same manner as the other expenses associated with the proposals described herein.

 

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SECTION D — CAPITALIZATION, OWNERSHIP OF FUND SHARES AND FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

This section contains the following information about the Buying Funds and the Selling Funds (all information is shown for the most recently ended fiscal year unless otherwise noted):

 

Table

  

Content

D-1    Current and pro forma capitalization of each Selling Fund and each Buying Fund
D-2    Current and pro forma ownership of shares of each Selling Fund and each Buying Fund
D-3    Financial highlights of each Buying Fund

The Funds’ Investment Manager and Distributor. Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC, 100 Federal Street, Boston, MA 02110, is the investment manager for each Fund. Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc., One Financial Center, Boston, MA 02111, is the distributor for each Fund.

Capitalization of Selling Funds and Buying Funds

The following table shows the capitalization of each Fund as of June 30, 2010 and on a pro forma basis, assuming the proposed Reorganization had taken place as of that date. The pro forma net assets are determined by adding the net assets of the Selling Fund and the net assets of the corresponding Buying Fund. The pro forma shares outstanding are determined by dividing the net assets of the Selling Fund by the net asset value per share of the corresponding Buying Fund and adding the actual shares outstanding of the Buying Fund.

Table D-1. Current and Pro Forma Capitalization of each Selling Fund and each Buying Fund

 

Fund

   Net assets      Net asset value
per share
     Shares
outstanding*
 

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

        

Class A

   $ 9,188       $ 9.06         1,014   

Class B

   $ 19,438,547       $ 8.98         2,165,491   
                    

Total

   $ 19,447,735            2,166,505   
                    

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund (Current) (Buying Fund)

        

Class 1

                       

Class 2

                       

Class 3

   $ 190,307,575       $ 7.00         27,188,659   
                    

Total

   $ 190,307,575            27,188,659   
                    

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund (Pro Forma)**

        

Class 1

   $ 9,188       $ 7.00         1,313   

Class 2

   $ 19,438,547       $ 7.00         2,776,935   

Class 3

   $ 190,263,243       $ 7.00         27,188,659   
                    

Total

   $ 209,710,978            29,966,907   
                    

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

        

Class A

   $ 46,527,029       $ 23.35         1,992,632   

Class B

   $ 6,919,696       $ 23.24         297,688   
                    

Total

   $ 53,446,725            2,290,320   
                    

 

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Fund

   Net assets      Net asset value
per share
     Shares
outstanding*
 

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Current)
(Buying Fund)

        

Class 1

   $ 4,259       $ 5.40         789   

Class 2

   $ 4,259       $ 5.40         789   

Class 3

   $ 204,383,362       $ 5.40         37,825,548   
                    

Total

   $ 204,391,880            37,827,126   
                    

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Pro Forma)**

        

Class 1

   $ 46,495,804       $ 5.40         8,610,334   

Class 2

   $ 6,918,678       $ 5.40         1,281,237   

Class 3

   $ 204,383,362       $ 5.40         37,825,548   
                    

Total

   $ 257,797,844            47,717,119   
                    

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

        

Class 1

   $ 2,267,169       $ 9.75         232,411   

Class 2

                       
                    

Total

   $ 2,267,169            232,411   
                    

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund (Current) (Buying Fund)

        

Class 1

   $ 4,237       $ 8.09         524   

Class 2

   $ 4,237       $ 8.09         524   

Class 3

   $ 21,125,522       $ 8.08         2,613,083   
                    

Total

   $ 21,133,996            2,614,131   
                    

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund
(Pro Forma)**

        

Class 1

   $ 2,270,883       $ 8.09         280,703   

Class 2

   $ 4,237       $ 8.09         524   

Class 3

   $ 21,125,522       $ 8.08         2,613,083   
                    

Total

   $ 23,400,642            2,894,310   
                    

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Selling Fund)

        

Class 1

   $ 2,519,305       $ 12.67         198,764   

Class 2

   $ 4,892,649       $ 12.38         395,201   
                    

Total

   $ 7,411,954            593,965   
                    

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Current)
(Buying Fund)

        

Class A

   $ 26,871,480       $ 5.91         4,546,786   

Class B

   $ 9,943       $ 5.86         836,086   
                    

Total

   $ 26,881,423          $ 4,548,483   
                    

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series
(Pro Forma)**

        

Class A

   $ 29,388,489       $ 5.91         4,972,676   

Class B

   $ 4,898,133       $ 5.86         835,859   
                    

Total

   $ 34,286,622            5,808,535   
                    

 

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Fund

   Net assets      Net asset value
per share
     Shares
outstanding*
 

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Current) (Selling Fund)

        

Class 1

   $ 64,758,262       $ 6.21         10,428,318   

Class 2

   $ 20,569,291       $ 6.02         3,415,676   
                    

Total

   $ 85,327,553            13,843,994   
                    

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Current) (Buying Fund)

        

Class 1

   $ 4,207       $ 8.75         481   

Class 2

   $ 4,207       $ 8.75         481   

Class 3

   $ 71,526,923       $ 8.75         8,175,181   
                    

Total

   $ 71,535,337            8,176,143   
                    

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund
(Pro Forma)**

        

Class 1

   $ 64,728,727       $ 8.75         7,397,569   

Class 2

   $ 20,562,780       $ 8.75         2,350,032   

Class 3

   $ 71,526,923       $ 8.75         8,175,181   
                    

Total

   $ 156,818,430            17,922,782   
                    

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Current)
(Selling Fund)

        

Class 1

   $ 22,577,519       $ 18.33         1,231,402   

Class 2

   $ 30,177,449       $ 17.85         1,690,347   
                    

Total

   $ 52,754,968            2,921,749   
                    

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Current) (Buying Fund)

        

Class 1

   $ 3,417,473       $ 16.48         207,386   

Class 2

   $ 1,292,352       $ 16.19         79,839   
                    

Total

   $ 4,709,825            287,225   
                    

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Pro Forma)**

        

Class 1

   $ 25,994,992       $ 16.48         1,577,381   

Class 2

   $ 31,469,801       $ 16.19         1,943,795   
                    

Total

   $ 57,464,793            3,521,176   
                    

 

* Pro forma shares outstanding are calculated by dividing the net assets of the applicable Selling Fund by the net asset value per share of the corresponding Buying Fund and adding the result to the number of shares of such Buying Fund currently outstanding.
**

Pro forma figures reflect the effect of estimated Reorganization costs as set forth in Exhibit A hereto.

Ownership of Selling Fund and Buying Fund Shares

The following table provides information on each person who may be deemed to be a “control person” (as that term is defined in the 1940 Act) of a Fund as of October 31, 2010 because it owns, directly or indirectly, of record more than 25% of the outstanding shares of the Fund, by virtue of its fiduciary roles with respect to its clients or otherwise. A control person may be able to facilitate shareholder approval of proposals it favors and to impede shareholder approval of proposals it opposes. In this regard, if a control person owns a sufficient number

 

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of a Fund’s outstanding shares, then, for certain shareholder proposals, such control person may be able to approve, or to prevent approval, of such proposals without regard to votes by other Fund shareholders.

 

Fund

  

Shareholder Account Registration

   Percentage
of Fund
    Percentage
of Fund
following

Reorganization
 
Columbia S&P 500 Index Fund, VS (Selling Fund)   

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada,

Wellesley Hills, MA

     79.43     N/A   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio –

S&P 500 Index Fund (Buying Fund)

  

RiverSource Life Insurance Company,

Minneapolis, MN

     93.46     85.26
  

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada,

Wellesley Hills, MA

     N/A        6.98
Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, VS (Selling Fund)   

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada,

Wellesley Hills, MA

     51.57     N/A   

Seligman Variable Portfolio –

Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

  

RiverSource Life Insurance Company,

Minneapolis, MN

     95.60     76.07
  

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada,

Wellesley Hills, MA

     N/A        10.53
Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)    Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Trillium Variable Annuity Acct., Greenwood Vlg, CO      74.17     N/A   

Seligman Variable Portfolio –

Larger-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

  

RiverSource Life Insurance Company,

Minneapolis, MN

     97.27     88.84
   Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Trillium Variable Annuity Acct., Greenwood Vlg, CO      N/A        6.43

Seligman Capital Portfolio

(Selling Fund)

  

Kansas City Life Insurance,

Kansas City, MO

     62.35     N/A   
   Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Trillium Variable Annuity Acct., Greenwood Vlg, CO      29.77     N/A   
Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, VS (Buying Fund)   

Hartford Life Insurance Company,

Hartford, CT

     87.96     68.20
  

Kansas City Life Insurance,

Kansas City, MO

     N/A        13.80
   Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Trillium Variable Annuity Acct., Greenwood Vlg, CO      N/A        6.82
Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)   

Allianz Life,

Minneapolis, MN

     63.32     N/A   

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund

(Buying Fund)

  

RiverSource Life Insurance Company,

Minneapolis, MN

     93.69     42.88
   Allianz Life, Minneapolis, MN      N/A        34.59
Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Selling Fund)   

Great-West Life & Annuity,

Greenwood Vlg., CO

     42.95     N/A   

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Buying Fund)

   Guardian Insurance & Annuity, Bethlehem, PA      32.90     N/A   
   Great-West Life & Annuity, Greenwood Vlg., CO      37.95     42.72
   Allianz Life, Minneapolis, MN      29.21     2.31
   Jefferson National Life, Louisville, KY      27.16     2.15
   Guardian Insurance & Annuity, Bethlehem, PA      N/A        30.19

 

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The following table provides information on shareholders who owned of record or, to the knowledge of the Fund, beneficially, more than 5% of any class of a Fund’s outstanding shares as of October 31, 2010. As of October 31, 2010, the officers and trustees of each Fund, as a group, owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each class of such Fund.

Table D-2. Current and Pro Forma Ownership of Fund Shares

 

Fund

  

5% Owners

   Percent of
shares held
    Percent of shares
held following the
Reorganization
 

Columbia S&P 500 Index Fund, VS (Selling Fund)

    

Class A

  

FIM Funding, Inc., Boston, MA

     50.52     N/A   
  

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC., Minneapolis, MN

     49.48     N/A   

Class B

  

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, Wellesley Hills, MA

     79.52     N/A   
  

Sun Life Insurance and Annuity Company of New York, Wellesley Hills, MA

     16.92     N/A   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund (Buying Fund)

    

Class 1*

  

FIM Funding, Inc., Boston, MA

     N/A        50.52
  

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC., Minneapolis, MN

     N/A        49.48

Class 2*

  

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, Wellesley Hills, MA

     N/A        79.52
  

Sun Life Insurance and Annuity Company of New York, Wellesley Hills, MA

     N/A        16.92

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, VS (Selling Fund)

    

Class A

  

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, Wellesley Hills, MA

     46.71     N/A   
  

Independence Life and Annuity Company, Wellesley Hills, MA

     25.90     N/A   
  

American Skandia Life Assurance Company, Shelton, CT

     19.58     N/A   

Class B

  

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, Wellesley Hills, MA

     83.18     N/A   
  

Sun Life Insurance and Annuity Company of New York, Wellesley Hills, MA

     13.24     N/A   

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

    

Class 1*

  

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC, Minneapolis, MN

     100.00     0.01
  

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, Wellesley Hills, MA

     N/A        46.70
  

Independence Life and Annuity Company, Wellesley Hills, MA

     N/A        25.89
  

American Skandia Life Assurance Company, Shelton, CT

     N/A        19.57

Class 2*

  

RiverSource Life Insurance Company, Minneapolis, MN

     96.59     1.86
  

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, Wellesley Hills, MA

     N/A        81.58
  

Sun Life Insurance and Annuity Company of New York, Wellesley Hills, MA

     N/A        12.99

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

    

Class 1

  

Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Trillium Variable Annuity Acct., Greenwood Vlg, CO

     74.17     N/A   
  

Jefferson National Life, Louisville, KY

     20.96     N/A   

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

    

Class 1

  

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC., Minneapolis, MN

     100.00     0.19
  

Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Trillium Variable Annuity Acct., Greenwood Vlg, CO

     N/A        74.06
  

Jefferson National Life, Louisville, KY

     N/A        20.93

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Selling Fund)

    

Class 1

  

Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Trillium Variable Annuity Account, Greenwood Vlg, CO

     92.91     N/A   
  

First Great West Life, Denver, CO

     7.09     N/A   

Class 2

  

Kansas City Life Insurance, Kansas City, MO

     91.74     N/A   

 

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Table of Contents

Fund

  

5% Owners

   Percent of
shares held
    Percent of shares
held following the
Reorganization
 

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, VS (Buying Fund)

    

Class A**

  

Hartford Life Insurance Company, Hartford, CT

     87.99     80.50
  

Transamerica Life Insurance Company, Cedar Rapids, IA

     5.74     5.25
  

Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Trillium Variable Annuity Account, Greenwood Vlg, CO

     N/A        7.97
  

First Great West Life, Denver, CO

     N/A        0.61

Class B**

  

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC., Minneapolis, MN

     100.00     0.20
  

Kansas City Life Insurance, Kansas City, MO

     N/A        91.56

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

    

Class 1

  

Allianz Life, Minneapolis, MN

     83.68     N/A   
  

Merrill Lynch Life Insurance Co., Cedar Rapids, IA

     10.72     N/A   

Class 2

  

The Union Central Life Insurance Co., Lincoln, NE

     81.01     N/A   
  

Kansas City Life Insurance, Kansas City, MO

     7.41     N/A   

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

    

Class 1

  

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC., Minneapolis, MN

     100.00     0.01
  

Allianz Life, Minneapolis, MN

     N/A        83.66
  

Merrill Lynch Life Insurance Co., Cedar Rapids, IA

     N/A        10.71

Class 2

  

RiverSource Life Insurance Company, Minneapolis, MN

     69.47     0.20
  

RiverSource Life Insurance Company of New York, Albany, NY

     22.88     0.07
  

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC., Minneapolis, MN

     7.65     0.02
  

The Union Central Life Insurance Co., Lincoln, NE

     N/A        80.79
  

Kansas City Life Insurance, Kansas City, MO

     N/A        7.39

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Selling Fund)

    

Class 1

  

Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Trillium Variable Annuity, Greenwood Vlg., CO

     79.18     N/A   
  

Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Varifund Variable Annuity, Greenwood Vlg., CO

     16.98     N/A   

Class 2

  

Guradian Insurance & Annuity B, Bethlehem, PA

     31.30     N/A   
  

Guradian Insurance & Annuity L, Bethlehem, PA

     22.73     N/A   
  

Great-West Life & Annuity Re Schwab Onesource Annuity, Greenwood Vlg., CO

     8.76     N/A   
  

Jefferson National Life, Louisville, KY

     7.30     N/A   
  

Kansas City Life Insurance, Kansas City, MO

     7.00     N/A   
  

Amer Life Insurance Sep. G, Lincoln, NE

     6.54     N/A   

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Buying Fund)

    

Class 1

  

Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Trillium Variable Annuity, Greenwood Vlg., CO

     53.54     75.74
  

Allianz Life, Minneapolis, MN

     41.20     5.53
  

First Great West Life, Denver, CO

     5.07     0.68
  

Great-West Life & Annuity FBO Varifund Variable Annuity, Greenwood Vlg., CO

     N/A        14.70

Class 2

  

Jefferson National Life, Louisville, KY

     93.32     10.71
  

Guradian Insurance & Annuity B, Bethlehem, PA

     N/A        30.06
  

Guradian Insurance & Annuity L, Bethlehem, PA

     N/A        21.83
  

Great-West Life & Annuity Re Schwab Onesource Annuity, Greenwood Vlg., CO

     N/A        8.41
  

Kansas City Life Insurance, Kansas City, MO

     N/A        6.73
  

Amer Life Insurance Sep. G, Lincoln, NE

     N/A        6.28

 

* Class A mapped to Class 1 and Class B mapped to Class 2.
** Class 1 mapped to Class A and Class 2 mapped to Class B.

 

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Table of Contents

Financial Highlights

The financial highlights tables are intended to help you understand how each Buying Fund has performed for the past five full fiscal years or, if shorter, the Buying Fund’s period of operations. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Buying Fund share. The total return line indicates how much an investment in the Buying Fund would have earned each period assuming any dividends and distributions had been reinvested. The total return line does not reflect fees and expenses, if any, imposed under your Contract, which, if reflected, would reduce the total returns for all periods shown.

The information shown below with respect to Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund, and Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund for fiscal years ended on or after December 31, 2007 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public annual report to shareholders, except that the information shown for the six-month period ended June 30, 2010 is unaudited. For these Funds, the information for the periods ended on or before December 31, 2006 has been audited by other auditors.

The information shown below with respect to Seligman Global Technology Portfolio for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 has been derived from the financial statements audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the Buying Fund’s financial statements, is included in these Fund’s annual report to shareholders, while the information shown for the six-month period ended June 30, 2010 is unaudited. The information for this Fund for the periods ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2008 was audited by Ernst & Young LLP.

The information shown below for Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with such Buying Fund’s financial statements, is included in such Buying Fund’s annual report to shareholders, except that the information shown for the six-month period ended June 30, 2010 is unaudited.

The independent registered public accounting firms’ reports and the Buying Funds’ financial statements are also incorporated by reference into the Merger SAI.

Class 1 and Class 2 shares of RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund have not yet been offered by the Fund; therefore, no financial highlights are provided for this Fund.

Table D-3. Financial Highlights of Buying Funds

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund

Class 1

 

Per share data

   Period ended
June 30, 2010(a)
(Unaudited)
 

Net asset value, beginning of period

   $ 6.34   

Income from investment operations:

  

Net investment income (loss)

     .01   

Net gains (losses) (both realized and unrealized)

     (.95

Total from investment operations

     (.94
        

Net asset value, end of period

   $ 5.40   
        

Total return

     (14.83)%   

Ratios to average net assets(b)

  

Total expenses

     .81% (c) 

Net investment income (loss)

     .79% (c) 

Supplemental data

  

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

   $   

Portfolio turnover rate

     104%   

 

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Table of Contents

Class 2

 

Per share data

   Period ended
June 30, 2010(a)
(Unaudited)
 

Net asset value, beginning of period

   $ 6.34   

Income from investment operations:

  

Net investment income (loss)

     .00 (d) 

Net gains (losses) (both realized and unrealized)

     (.94

Total from investment operations

     (.94
        

Net asset value, end of period

   $ 5.40   
        

Total return

     (14.83)%   

Ratios to average net assets(b)

  

Total expenses

     1.05% (c) 

Net investment income (loss)

     .55% (c) 

Supplemental data

  

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

   $   

Portfolio turnover rate

     104%   

 

 

(a)

For the period from May 3, 2010 (when shares became available) to June 30, 2010.

(b)

Expense ratios include the impact of a performance incentive adjustment, if any. In addition to the fees and expenses which the Fund bears directly, the Fund indirectly bears a pro rata share of the fees and expenses of the acquired funds in which it invests. Such indirect expenses are not included in the reported expense ratios.

(c)

Annualized.

(d)

Rounds to less than $0.01 per share.

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund

Class 1

 

Per share data

   Period ended
June 30, 2010(a)
(Unaudited)
 

Net asset value, beginning of period

   $ 9.55   

Income from investment operations:

  

Net investment income (loss)

     .03   

Net gains (losses) (both realized and unrealized)

     (1.49

Total from investment operations

     (1.46
        

Net asset value, end of period

   $ 8.09   
        

Total return

     (15.29)%   

Ratios to average net assets(b)

  

Total expenses

     .71% (c) 

Net investment income (loss)

     2.02% (c) 

Supplemental data

  

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

   $   

Portfolio turnover rate

     2%   

 

 

(a)

For the period from May 3, 2010 (when shares became available) to June 30, 2010.

(b)

Expense ratios include the impact of a performance incentive adjustment, if any. In addition to the fees and expenses which the Fund bears directly, the Fund indirectly bears a pro rata share of the fees and expenses of the acquired funds in which it invests. Such indirect expenses are not included in the reported expense ratios.

(c)

Annualized.

 

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Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

Class A Shares

 

    (Unaudited)
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010
    Year Ended
December 31,
2009
    Year Ended
December 31,
2008
    Year Ended
December 31,
2007
    Year Ended
December 31,
2006(a)(b)
    Year Ended
December 31,
2005
 

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

  $ 6.07      $ 4.22      $ 8.69      $ 8.86      $ 7.92      $ 8.10   

Income from Investment Operations:

           

Net investment income (loss)(c)

    (0.01     (d)      (0.01     (0.02     0.01        (0.01

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments, written options and foreign currency

    (0.15     1.85        (3.42     1.73        1.35        0.40   
                                               

Total from investment operations

    (0.16     1.85        (3.43     1.71        1.36        0.39   

Less Distributions to Shareholders:

           

From net investment income

                         (0.01              

From net realized gains

                  (1.04     (1.87     (0.42     (0.57
                                               

Total distributions to shareholders

                  (1.04     (1.88     (0.42     (0.57
                                               

Net Asset Value, End of Period

  $ 5.91      $ 6.07      $ 4.22      $ 8.69      $ 8.86      $ 7.92   
                                               

Total return(e)(f)

    (2.64)% (g)      43.84%        (44.28)%        19.88%        17.69%        5.19%   

Ratios to Average Net Assets/Supplemental Data:

           

Net expenses(h)

    0.90% (i)      0.93%        1.00%        1.00%        1.00%        1.00%   

Waiver/Reimbursement

    0.56% (i)      0.68%        0.25%        0.14%        0.22%        0.33%   

Net investment income (loss)(h)

    (0.26)% (i)      0.05%        (0.16)%        (0.18)%        0.11%        (0.13)%   

Portfolio turnover rate

    64% (g)      171%        136%        157%        176%        57%   

Net assets, end of period (000s)

  $ 26,871      $ 32,296      $ 27,524      $ 62,581      $ 64,189      $ 63,956   

 

(a)

On May 1, 2006, Nations Marsico Mid Cap Growth Portfolio was renamed Columbia Marsico Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series and effective October 2, 2006, Columbia Marsico Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series was renamed Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series.

(b)

On October 2, 2006, the Fund’s share class was renamed Class A Shares.

(c)

Per share data was calculated using the average shares outstanding during the period.

(d)

Rounds to less than $0.01 per share.

(e)

Total return at net asset value assuming all distributions reinvested.

(f)

Had the investment advisor and/or any of its affiliates not waived fees or reimbursed a portion of expenses, total return would have been reduced.

(g)

Not annualized.

(h)

The benefits derived from custody credits had an impact of less than 0.01%.

(i)

Annualized.

 

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Table of Contents

Class B Shares

 

    (Unaudited)
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010
    Year Ended
December 31,
2009
    Year Ended
December 31,
2008
    Year Ended
December 31,
2007
    Period Ended
December 31,
2006(a)(b)
 

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

  $ 6.02      $ 4.19      $ 8.67      $ 8.85      $ 8.24   

Income from Investment Operations:

         

Net investment income (loss)(c)

    (0.02     (0.01     (0.03     (0.04     0.01   

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments, written options and foreign currency

    (0.14     1.84        (3.41     1.73        0.60   
                                       

Total from investment operations

    (0.16     1.83        (3.44     1.69        0.61   

Less Distributions to Shareholders:

         

From net realized gains

                  (1.04     (1.87       
                                       

Net Asset Value, End of Period

  $ 5.86      $ 6.02      $ 4.19      $ 8.67      $ 8.85   
                                       

Total return(d)(e)

    (2.66)% (f)      43.68%        (44.52)%        19.63%        7.40% (f) 

Ratios to Average Net Assets/Supplemental Data:

         

Net expenses(g)

    1.15% (h)      1.18%        1.25%        1.25%        1.25% (h) 

Waiver/Reimbursement

    0.56% (h)      0.68%        0.25%        0.14%        0.04% (h) 

Net investment income (loss)(g)

    (0.49)% (h)      (0.17)%        (0.38)%        (0.46)%        0.52% (h) 

Portfolio turnover rate

    64% (f)      171%        136%        157%        176% (f) 

Net assets, end of period (000s)

  $ 10      $ 10      $ 7      $ 13      $ 11   

 

(a)

On May 1, 2006, Nations Marsico Mid Cap Growth Portfolio was renamed Columbia Marsico Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series and effective October 2, 2006, Columbia Marsico Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series was renamed Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series.

(b)

Class B shares commenced operations on October 2, 2006.

(c)

Per share data was calculated using the average shares outstanding during the period.

(d)

Total return at net asset value assuming all distributions reinvested.

(e)

Had the investment advisor and/or any of its affiliates not waived fees or reimbursed a portion of expenses, total return would have been reduced.

(f)

Not annualized.

(g)

The benefits derived from custody credits had an impact of less than 0.01% except for the period ended December 31, 2006 which had an impact of 0.13%.

(h)

Annualized.

 

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Seligman Variable Portfolio — Smaller-Cap Value Fund

Class 1

 

Per share data

   Period ended
June 30, 2010(a)
(Unaudited)
 

Net asset value, beginning of period

   $ 10.40   

Income from investment operations:

  

Net investment income (loss)

     (.01

Net gains (losses) (both realized and unrealized)

     (1.64

Total from investment operations

     (1.65
        

Net asset value, end of period

   $ 8.75   
        

Total return

     (15.87)%   

Ratios to average net assets(b)

  

Total expenses

     1.07% (c) 

Net investment income (loss)

     (.43)% (c) 

Supplemental data

  

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

   $   

Portfolio turnover rate

     2%   

Class 2

 

Per share data

   Period ended
June 30, 2010(a)
(Unaudited)
 

Net asset value, beginning of period

   $ 10.40   

Income from investment operations:

  

Net investment income (loss)

     (.01

Net gains (losses) (both realized and unrealized)

     (1.64

Total from investment operations

     (1.65
        

Net asset value, end of period

   $ 8.75   
        

Total return

     (15.87)%   

Ratios to average net assets(b)

  

Total expenses

     1.31% (c) 

Net investment income (loss)

     (.67)% (c) 

Supplemental data

  

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

   $   

Portfolio turnover rate

     2%   

 

 

(a)

For the period from May 3, 2010 (when shares became available) to June 30, 2010.

(b)

Expense ratios include the impact of a performance incentive adjustment, if any. In addition to the fees and expenses which the Fund bears directly, the Fund indirectly bears a pro rata share of the fees and expenses of the acquired funds in which it invests. Such indirect expenses are not included in the reported expense ratios.

(c)

Annualized.

 

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Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

Class 1

 

      (Unaudited)
Six  months ended
June 30, 2010
    Year ended Dec. 31,  

Per share data

     2009     2008     2007     2006     2005  

Net asset value, beginning of period

   $ 17.91      $ 11.03      $ 18.46      $ 15.99      $ 13.56      $ 12.54   

Income from investment operations:

            

Net investment income (loss)

     (.08     (.19     (.21     (.25     (.20     (.19

Net gains (losses) (both realized and unrealized)

     (1.35     7.07        (7.22     2.72        2.63        1.21   
                                                

Total from investment operations

     (1.43     6.88        (7.43     2.47        2.43        1.02   
                                                

Net asset value, end of period

   $ 16.48      $ 17.91      $ 11.03      $ 18.46      $ 15.99      $ 13.56   
                                                

Total return

     (7.98)%        62.38%        (40.25)%        15.45%        17.92%        8.13%   

Ratios to average net assets(a)

            

Gross expenses prior to expense waiver/reimbursement

     2.72% (b)      3.86%        3.54%        3.04%        2.57%        2.49%   

Net expenses after expense waiver/reimbursement(c)

     1.61% (b)      1.90%        1.90%        1.90%        1.90%        1.90%   

Net investment income (loss)

     (.86)% (b)      (1.38)%        (1.38)%        (1.44)%        (1.37)%        (1.53)%   

Supplemental data

            

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

   $ 3      $ 4      $ 3      $ 6      $ 6      $ 7   

Portfolio turnover rate

     50%        153%        161%        198%        205%        155%   

Class 2

 

      (Unaudited)
Six  months ended
June 30, 2010
    Year ended Dec. 31,  

Per share data

     2009     2008     2007     2006     2005  

Net asset value, beginning of period

   $ 17.64      $ 10.88      $ 18.25      $ 15.83      $ 13.45      $ 12.46   

Income from investment operations:

            

Net investment income (loss)

     (.10     (.23     (.24     (.28     (.22     (.21

Net gains (losses) (both realized and unrealized)

     (1.35     6.99        (7.13     2.70        2.60        1.20   
                                                

Total from investment operations

     (1.45     6.76        (7.37     2.42        2.38        .99   
                                                

Net asset value, end of period

   $ 16.19      $ 17.64      $ 10.88      $ 18.25      $ 15.83      $ 13.45   
                                                

Total return

     (8.22)%        62.13%        (40.38)%        15.29%        17.69%        7.95%   

Ratios to average net assets(a)

            

Gross expenses prior to expense waiver/reimbursement

     2.89% (b)      3.79%        3.71%        3.19%        2.72%        2.64%   

Net expenses after expense waiver/reimbursement(c)

     1.91% (b)      2.15%        2.07%        2.05%        2.05%        2.05%   

Net investment income (loss)

     (1.19)% (b)      (1.60)%        (1.55)%        (1.59)%        (1.52)%        (1.68)%   

Supplemental data

            

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

   $ 1      $ 2      $ 1      $ 3      $ 2      $ 2   

Portfolio turnover rate

     50%        153%        161%        198%        205%        155%   

 

 

(a)

In addition to the fees and expenses which the Fund bears directly, the Fund indirectly bears a pro rata share of the fees and expenses of the acquired funds in which it invests. Such indirect expenses are not included in the reported expense ratios.

(b)

Annualized.

(c)

The Investment Manager and its affiliates agreed to waive/reimburse certain fees and expenses (excluding fees and expenses of acquired funds).

 

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Exhibit A

Costs of the Reorganizations

Each Selling Fund and the corresponding Buying Fund may bear a portion of the out-of-pocket expenses associated with its Reorganization. Out-of-pocket expenses associated with a Reorganization include, but are not limited to: (1) the expenses associated with the preparation, printing and mailing of any shareholder communications, including this proxy statement/prospectus, and any filings with the SEC and/or other governmental authorities in connection with the Reorganization; (2) the fees and expenses of any proxy solicitation firm retained in connection with the Reorganization; and (3) the legal and other fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Reorganization.

All fees paid to governmental authorities for the registration or qualification of a Buying Fund’s shares to be issued in a Reorganization and all transfer agency costs related to such shares will be allocated to the applicable Buying Fund. All fees and expenses related to printing and mailing communications to Selling Fund shareholders will be allocated to the applicable Selling Fund. All of the other out-of-pocket expenses of a Reorganization, including without limitation, accounting, legal and custodial expenses, will be allocated equally among the applicable Funds. Following this initial allocation among the Funds, Columbia Management limits the expenses actually borne by a Selling Fund to not more than the anticipated reduction in expenses to be incurred by that Fund over the first year following the Reorganization. Any Reorganization expenses to be borne by a Fund that are reduced as a result of these limitations are absorbed by Columbia Management, not by any other Fund. The estimated costs of each Reorganization expected to be borne by each Selling Fund and each Buying Fund, in the aggregate and on a per-share basis based on shares outstanding as of September 30, 2010, are set forth below:

 

     Costs Estimated to be Borne  

Fund

   Total        Per Share  

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

   $ 0         $ 0   

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

   $ 40,761         $ 0.019   

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   $ 523         $ 0.002   

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   $ 6,755         $ 0.011   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   $ 44,460         $ 0.003   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   $ 0         $ 0   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund (Buying Fund)

   $ 44,332         $ 0.002   

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

   $ 0         $ 0   

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

   $ 0         $ 0   

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Buying Fund)

   $ 0         $ 0   

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

   $ 0         $ 0   

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Buying Fund)

   $ 0         $ 0   

Should any Reorganization fail to occur, Columbia Management will bear all costs associated with that Reorganization.

 

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Based on the operating expense ratios shown in the Fees and Expenses section above for each Buying Fund, it is projected that, after the Reorganizations, assuming all of the Reorganizations are consummated, each class of each Selling Fund will benefit from expense savings that will offset the allocated Reorganization expenses. However, the benefit of those projected expense savings will not be realized immediately. It is projected that the aggregate expense savings for each Selling Fund will not exceed the allocated Reorganization expenses of that Selling Fund until approximately the number of months after its Reorganization set forth below.

 

Fund

   Number of Months

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series

   N/A

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

   12

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

   12

Seligman Capital Portfolio

   12

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

   8

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

   N/A

If a Contract Owner ceases to have an indirect interest in the corresponding Buying Fund prior to the indicated time, the Contract Owner will receive no net benefit from the projected expense savings.

 

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Exhibit B

Additional Information Applicable to the Buying Funds

Below is information regarding the Buying Funds. All references to a Fund or the Funds in this Exhibit B refer to a Buying Fund or the Buying Funds, respectively, unless otherwise noted.

Fund Management and Compensation

Columbia Management, 100 Federal Street, Boston, MA 02110, is the investment manager to the combined fund complex (“Combined Fund Complex”) (including the Columbia-, RiverSource-, Seligman- and Threadneedle-branded funds), and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (Ameriprise Financial). In addition to managing investments for the Combined Fund Complex, Columbia Management manages investments for itself and its affiliates. For institutional clients, Columbia Management and its affiliates provide investment management and related services, such as separate account asset management and institutional trust and custody, as well as other investment products. For all of its clients, Columbia Management seeks to allocate investment opportunities in an equitable manner over time. See the Merger SAI for more information.

Subject to oversight by each Fund’s board of directors/trustees, Columbia Management manages the day-to-day operations of each Fund, determines what securities and other investments each Fund should buy or sell and executes the portfolio transactions. Although Columbia Management is responsible for the investment management of each Fund, Columbia Management may delegate certain of its duties to one or more investment subadvisers. Columbia Management may use the research and other capabilities of its affiliates and third parties in managing investments.

The Combined Fund Complex has received an order from the SEC that permits Columbia Management, subject to the approval of each Fund’s board of directors/trustees, to appoint a subadviser or change the terms of a subadvisory agreement for the Fund without first obtaining shareholder approval. The order permits the Fund to add or change unaffiliated subadvisers or change the fees paid to subadvisers from time to time without the expense and delays associated with obtaining shareholder approval. Columbia Management and its affiliates may have other relationships, including significant financial relationships, with current or potential subadvisers or their affiliates, which may create a conflict of interest. In making recommendations to each Fund’s board of directors/trustees to appoint or to change a subadviser, or to change the terms of a subadvisory agreement, Columbia Management does not consider any other relationship it or its affiliates may have with a subadviser, and Columbia Management discloses the nature of any material relationships it has with a subadviser to the Fund’s board of directors/trustees.

Each Fund pays Columbia Management a fee for managing its assets. The fees paid by each Fund for the most recent fiscal year were the following percentage of each Fund’s average daily net assets:

 

Buying Fund

   Percentage of Fund’s Average
Daily Net Assets
 

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund

     0.22

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund

     0.52

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund

     0.61

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

     0.65

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund

     0.80

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

     0.96

For Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund and Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund, the fee structure currently includes an adjustment in the form of a performance incentive arrangement. The adjustment is computed by comparing the Fund’s performance to the performance of an index of comparable funds published by Lipper Inc. The maximum

 

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adjustment (increase or decrease) is 0.12% of each Fund’s average net assets on an annual basis. The board of trustees of these Funds has approved an amended investment management services agreement that eliminates the performance incentive adjustment, subject to shareholder approval. The indexes against which these Funds’ performance is currently measured for purposes of the performance incentive adjustment are shown in the following table.

 

Buying Fund

 

Lipper Index

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund

  Lipper Mid-Cap Value Funds Index

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund

  Lipper Large-Cap Value Funds Index

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund

  Lipper Small-Cap Core Funds Index

In certain circumstances, a Fund’s board of trustees may approve a change in the index without shareholder approval.

Under its investment management services agreement (“IMS Agreement”), each Fund also pays taxes, brokerage commissions and nonadvisory expenses. A discussion regarding the basis for each Fund’s board of directors/trustees approving the IMS Agreement is available in each Fund’s semiannual report for the period ended June 30, 2010.

In September 2010, in connection with various initiatives to integrate the Funds into a single Fund family with greater uniformity, the Boards of the Funds each approved amended IMS Agreements and administrative services agreements with Columbia Management. These agreements reflect standardized fee schedules for similar Funds, based on a consistent pricing model. Additionally, as part of achieving a consistent, standardized fee schedule, Columbia Management proposed, and the Board approved, eliminating the performance incentive adjustments (PIA) contained in current IMS Agreements for certain legacy RiverSource Funds (which are not applicable to most funds in the combined fund family) that may increase or decrease the Fund’s fees payable under its IMS Agreement based upon the Fund’s performance measured against its reference performance index. The Boards also approved amended transfer agency agreements with a uniform fee schedule. In connection with the Boards’ approval of various proposals to achieve a consistent pricing model, the Boards and Columbia Management agreed to (and, in the case of RiverSource Funds, maintain) an annual process by which contractual expense limitations for Funds with annual operating expenses that exceed the median expense ratios of their respective peer groups (as determined annually by an independent third-party data provider) are set at or below such median expense ratio. These commitments may help mitigate the impact of any fee changes resulting from the adoption of standardized fee schedules. The estimated proposed expense caps shown in the following table reflect peer group median expense ratios as of early 2010, which are likely to change year over year.

While these changes are expected to reduce the overall fees and expenses of the Funds in the aggregate, certain individual Funds are expected to realize an increase in fees under their proposed IMS Agreements and/or total annual operating expenses. Any proposed amended IMS Agreements that would eliminate a PIA, or that could result in higher IMS Agreement fees (each an IMSA Proposal), is subject to approval by Fund shareholders at a meeting expected to be held in the first half of 2011. More information about each IMSA Proposal have been included in proxy materials that are currently anticipated to be distributed to shareholders in early 2011.

If approved by Fund shareholders, the IMSA Proposals, as well as IMS Agreements not subject to Fund shareholder approval and new administrative services agreements, are expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011. For Funds with a PIA that, as of September 2010, have performance measured against their reference performance index over their most recent applicable rolling performance fee calculation period that results in Columbia Management incurring negative PIA, Columbia Management has agreed to a transitional period of 6 months (18 months for Funds with a 36 month rolling performance fee calculation period), during which time these Funds will compensate Columbia Management at the lower of (i) the fee calculated under the proposed IMS Agreements or (ii) the fee calculated under the current IMS Agreements (including any applicable negative PIA), regardless of whether the IMSA Proposal (including the elimination of the PIA) is ultimately approved by Fund shareholders.

 

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The information in the Fee Tables included under the Summary Section of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus reflect the proposed revised IMS fee rates (assuming the approval of the IMS Agreements by shareholders, as applicable).

Each Fund may from time to time take temporary defensive investment positions that are inconsistent with that Fund’s principal investment strategies in attempting to respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions including, for example, investments in money market instruments or holdings of cash or cash equivalents. The Fund may not achieve its investment objective while it is investing defensively.

Portfolio Managers

Information about the portfolio managers who are primarily responsible for overseeing each Fund’s investments is shown below. The Merger SAI provides more information about each portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by each portfolio manager and each portfolio manager’s ownership of securities in the Funds he or she manages.

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — S&P 500 Index Fund

The portfolio managers responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund are:

Alfred F. Alley, III, CFA, Portfolio Manager

 

 

Managed the Fund since May 2010.

 

 

Associated with Columbia Management or its predecessors as an investment professional since June 2005.

 

 

Managing partner, Tandem Trading, LLC, October 2001 to June 2005.

Seligman Variable Portfolio — Growth Fund

The portfolio managers responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund are:

John T. Wilson, CFA, Portfolio Manager

 

 

Managed the Fund since May 2010.

 

 

Associated with Columbia Management or its predecessors as an investment professional since July 2005.

 

 

Managing director and head of the Large Cap Core Team of State Street Research and Management, May 1996 to July 2005.

Peter Deininger, Portfolio Manager

 

 

Managed the Fund since May 2010.

 

 

Associated with Columbia Management or its predecessors as an investment processional since October 2002.

Seligman Variable Portfolio — Larger-Cap Value Fund

The portfolio managers responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund are:

Neil T. Eigen, Portfolio Manager

 

 

Managed the Fund since November 2008.

 

 

Prior to RiverSource Investments acquisition of J. & W. Seligman & Co. Incorporated (Seligman) in November 2008, Mr. Eigen was head of the Seligman Value Team since he joined Seligman in 1997. Mr. Eigen was also a Director and Managing Director of Seligman and Director of Seligman Advisors, Inc. and Seligman Services, Inc.

 

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Prior to joining Seligman, Mr. Eigen was a Senior Managing Director of Bear, Stearns & Co., serving as Chief Investment Officer and Director of Equities of Bear, Stearns Asset Management. Prior to that, he was Executive Vice President and Senior Equity Manager at Integrated Resources Asset Management. Mr. Eigen also spent six years at The Irving trust Company as a Senior Portfolio Manager and Chairman of the Equity Selection Committee.

 

 

BS, New York University.

Richard S. Rosen, Portfolio Manager

 

 

Managed the Fund since November 2008.

 

 

Prior to RiverSource Investments acquisition of Seligman in November 2008, Mr. Rosen was a Managing Director of Seligman.

 

 

Prior to joining Seligman in 1997, Mr. Rosen was a Senior Portfolio Manager at Bear Stearns Asset Management (BSAM), and a Managing Director at Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.

 

 

MBA, New York University.

Mr. Eigen and Mr. Rosen each have decision making authority with respect to the investments of the Fund, although Mr. Eigen typically makes the final decision with respect to investments made by the Fund.

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

Wayne M. Collette, CFA, Co-manager

 

 

Service with the Fund since 2006.

 

 

Managing Director of Columbia Management.

 

 

Associated with Columbia Management or its predecessors as an investment professional since March 2001.

George J. Myers, CFA, Co-manager

 

 

Service with the Fund since 2006.

 

 

Director of Columbia Management.

 

 

Associated with Columbia Management or its predecessors as an investment professional since October 2004.

Lawrence W. Lin, CFA, Co-manager

 

 

Service with the Fund since 2007.

 

 

Vice President of Columbia Management.

 

 

Associated with Columbia Management or its predecessors as an investment professional since December 2006.

 

 

Research analyst at Primarius Capital, May 2006 to December 2006.

 

 

Research analyst at Engemann Asset Management, July 1998 to April 2006.

Brian D. Neigut, Co-manager

 

 

Service with the Fund since 2007.

 

 

Vice President of Columbia Management.

 

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Associated with Columbia Management or its predecessors as an investment professional since February 2007.

 

 

Portfolio manager at Kern Capital Management LLC, February 2006 to February 2007.

 

 

Portfolio manager at OppenheimerFunds Inc., November 2003 to February 2006.

Seligman Variable Portfolio — Smaller-Cap Value Fund

The portfolio managers responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund are:

Neil T. Eigen, Portfolio Manager

 

 

Managed the Fund since December 2008.

 

 

Prior to RiverSource Investments acquisition of Seligman in November 2008, Mr. Eigen was head of the Seligman Value Team since he joined Seligman in 1997. Mr. Eigen was also a Director and Managing Director of Seligman and Director of Seligman Advisors, Inc. and Seligman Services, Inc.

 

 

Prior to joining Seligman, Mr. Eigen was a Senior Managing Director of Bear, Stearns & Co., serving as Chief Investment Officer and Director of Equities of Bear, Stearns Asset Management. Prior to that, he was Executive Vice President and Senior Equity Manager at Integrated Resources Asset Management. Mr. Eigen also spent six years at The Irving trust Company as a Senior Portfolio Manager and Chairman of the Equity Selection Committee.

 

 

BS, New York University.

Richard S. Rosen, Portfolio Manager

 

 

Managed the Fund since December 2008.

 

 

Prior to RiverSource Investments acquisition of Seligman in November 2008, Mr. Rosen was a Managing Director of Seligman.

 

 

Prior to joining Seligman in 1997, Mr. Rosen was a Senior Portfolio Manager at Bear Stearns Asset Management (BSAM), and a Managing Director at Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.

 

 

MBA, New York University.

Mr. Eigen and Mr. Rosen each have decision making authority with respect to the investments of the Fund, although Mr. Eigen typically makes the final decision with respect to investments made by the Fund.

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

The Fund is managed by Columbia Management’s Technology Group. The portfolio managers responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund are:

Richard M. Parower

 

 

Portfolio Manager of the Fund since 2002.

 

 

Joined Seligman (the Fund’s predecessor investment manager) in April 2000 and RiverSource Investments in November 2008.

 

 

Provides portfolio management services for certain private and offshore funds, including those with similar investment strategies as the Fund and those using long and short strategies.

Paul H. Wick

 

 

Portfolio Manager of the Fund since 2006.

 

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Provides portfolio management services for certain private and offshore funds, including those with similar investment strategies as the Fund and those using long and short strategies. Mr. Wick provides assistance to Mr. Parower in managing the Fund through his research and contributions to the investment decisions with respect to companies in the semiconductor and electronics capital equipment sectors.

 

 

Joined Seligman in August 1987 as an Associate, Investment Research, and became Vice President, Investment Officer in August 1991; he was named Managing Director in January 1995.

 

 

Joined RiverSource Investments in November 2008.

Reema D. Shah

 

 

Portfolio Manager of the Fund since 2005.

 

 

Joined Seligman in November 2000 and RiverSource Investments in November 2008.

 

 

Provides portfolio management services for certain private and offshore funds, including those with similar strategies as the Fund and those using long and short strategies. Ms. Shah provides assistance to Mr. Parower in managing the Fund through her research and contributions to the investment decisions with respect to companies in the internet, consumer and enterprise software, education, and financial exchanges sectors.

Ajay Diwan

 

 

Portfolio Manager of the Fund since 2005.

 

 

Joined Seligman in February 2001 and RiverSource Investments in November 2008.

 

 

Provides portfolio management services for certain private and offshore funds, including those with similar investment strategies as the Fund and those using long and short strategies. Mr. Diwan provides assistance to Mr. Parower in managing the Fund through his research and contributions to the investment decisions with respect to companies in the communications equipment, data storage, information technology services, and electronic payment processing industries.

Benjamin Lu

 

 

Portfolio Manager of the Fund since 2006.

 

 

Joined Seligman in April 2005 and RiverSource Investments in November 2008.

 

 

Previously, Mr. Lu was an Associate Director for UBS from July 2002 to April 2005, covering the U.S. electronic manufacturing services and electronic components sectors.

 

 

Provides assistance to Mr. Parower in managing the Fund through his research and contributions to the investment decisions with respect to companies in the Asia technology sector as well as the U.S. electronic manufacturing services and electronic components sectors.

Certain Legal Matters

Ameriprise Financial and certain of its affiliates have historically been involved in a number of legal, arbitration and regulatory proceedings, including routine litigation, class actions and governmental actions, concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of their business activities. Ameriprise Financial believes that each Fund is not currently the subject of, and that neither Ameriprise Financial nor any of its affiliates is the subject of, any pending legal, arbitration or regulatory proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on any Fund or the ability of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates to perform under their contracts with any Fund. Information regarding certain pending and settled legal proceedings may be found in each Fund’s shareholder reports and in the Merger SAI. Additionally, Ameriprise Financial is required to make 10-Q, 10-K and, as necessary, 8-K filings with the SEC on legal and regulatory matters that relate to Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates. Copies of these filings may be obtained by accessing the SEC website at www.sec.gov.

 

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General

The Funds’ primary service providers are referred to as follows: Columbia Management or the investment manager refers to Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly RiverSource Investments, LLC), the Transfer Agent refers to Columbia Management Investment Services Corp. (formerly, RiverSource Services Corporation) and the Distributor refers to Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.).

Additional information about the Funds can be obtained by calling toll-free 800.345.6611, or by writing to (regular mail) The Funds, c/o Columbia Management Investment Services Corp., P.O. Box 8081, Boston, MA 02266-8081 or (express mail) The Funds, c/o Columbia Management Investment Services Corp., 30 Dan Road, Canton, MA 02021-2809.

Information Regarding Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series Only

References to the “Fund” in the following sections refer to Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series.

Description of the Share Classes

Share Class Features

The Fund offers Class A shares and Class B shares. Each share class has its own cost structure and other features.

The following summarizes the primary features of the Class A shares.

 

    

Class A Shares

Eligible Investors    Shares of the Fund are available only to separate accounts of participating insurance companies as underlying investments for variable annuity contracts and/or variable life insurance policies.
Investment Limits    none
Conversion Features    none
Front-End Sales Charges    none

Contingent Deferred Sales

Charges (CDSCs)

   none

Maximum Distribution

and Service Fees

   none

 

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Table of Contents

The following summarizes the primary features of the Class B shares.

 

    

Class B Shares

Eligible Investors    Shares of the Fund are available only to separate accounts of participating insurance companies as underlying investments for variable annuity contracts and/or variable life insurance policies.
Investment Limits    none
Conversion Features    none
Front-End Sales Charges    none

Contingent Deferred Sales

Charges (CDSCs)

   none

Maximum Distribution

and Service Fees

   0.25% distribution fee

 

FUNDamentals TM
 
Selling and/or Servicing Agents
 
The terms “selling agent” and “servicing agent” refer to the financial intermediary that employs your financial advisor. Selling and/or servicing agents include, for example, brokerage firms, banks, investment advisors, third party administrators and other financial intermediaries, including affiliates of Ameriprise Financial.

Selling and/or Servicing Agent Compensation

The Distributor and the investment manager make payments, from their own resources, to selling and/or servicing agents, including other Ameriprise Financial affiliates, for marketing/sales support services relating to the Fund. Such payments are generally based upon one or more of the following factors: average net assets of the Fund sold by the Distributor attributable to that intermediary, gross sales of the Fund distributed by the Distributor attributable to that intermediary, reimbursement of ticket charges (fees that a selling and/or servicing agent charges its representatives for effecting transactions in Fund shares) or a negotiated lump sum payment. While the financial arrangements may vary for each intermediary, the support payments to any one intermediary are generally between 0.05% and 0.50% on an annual basis for payments based on average net assets of the Fund attributable to the intermediary.

The Distributor and the investment manager may make payments in larger amounts or on a basis other than those described above when dealing with certain selling and/or servicing agents, including certain affiliates of Bank of America Corporation (Bank of America). Such increased payments may enable such selling and/or servicing agents to offset credits that they may provide to customers.

Amounts paid by the Distributor and the investment manager and their affiliates are paid out of the Distributor’s and the investment manager’s own resources and do not increase the amount paid by you or the Fund. You can find further details in the Merger SAI about the payments made by the Distributor and the investment manager and their affiliates, as well as a list of the selling and/or servicing agents, including Ameriprise Financial affiliates, to which the Distributor and the investment manager have agreed to make marketing support payments. Your selling and/or servicing agent may charge you fees and commissions in addition to those described herein. You should consult with your selling and/or servicing agent and review carefully any disclosure your selling and/or servicing agent provides regarding its services and compensation. Depending on the financial arrangement in place at any particular time, a selling and/or servicing agent and its financial advisors may have a financial incentive for recommending the Fund or a particular share class over others.

 

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Buying, Selling and Transferring Shares

Share Price Determination

The price you pay or receive when you buy, sell or transfer shares is the Fund’s next determined net asset value (or NAV) per share for a given share class. The Fund calculates the net asset value per share for each class of the Fund at the end of each business day.

 

FUNDamentalsTM
 
NAV Calculation
 
Each of the Fund’s share classes calculates its NAV per share as follows:
   
NAV =  

(Value of assets of the share class)

– (Liabilities of the share class)

    
  Number of outstanding shares of the class     
          

 

FUNDamentalsTM
 
Business Days
 
A business day is any day that the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is open. A business day ends at the close of regular trading on the NYSE, usually at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time. If the NYSE closes early, the business day ends as of the time the NYSE closes. On holidays and other days when the NYSE is closed, the Fund’s net asset value is not calculated and the Fund does not accept buy or sell orders. However, the value of the Fund’s assets may still change on days that the NYSE is closed, including to the extent that the Fund holds foreign securities that trade on days that foreign securities markets are open.

The value of the Fund’s shares is based on the total market value of all of the securities and other assets that it holds as of a specified time. The prices reported on stock exchanges and other securities markets around the world are usually used to value securities in the Fund. The Fund uses the amortized cost method, which approximates market value, to value short-term investments maturing in 60 days or less.

If a market price isn’t readily available, the Fund will determine the price of the security held by the Fund based on the investment manager’s determination of the security’s fair value. A market price is considered not readily available if, among other circumstances, the most recent reported price is deemed unreliable. In addition, the Fund may use fair valuation to price securities that trade on a foreign exchange when a significant event has occurred after the foreign exchange closes but before the time at which the Fund’s share price is calculated. Foreign exchanges typically close before the time at which Fund share prices are calculated, and may be closed altogether on some days when the Fund is open. Such significant events affecting a foreign security may include, but are not limited to: (1) those impacting a single issuer; (2) governmental action that affects securities in one sector or country; (3) natural disasters or armed conflicts affecting a country or region; or (4) significant domestic or foreign market fluctuations. The Fund uses various criteria, including an evaluation of U.S. market moves after the close of foreign markets, in determining whether a security’s market price is readily available and, if not, the fair value of the security.

Fair valuation may have the effect of reducing stale pricing arbitrage opportunities presented by the pricing of Fund shares. However, when the Fund uses fair valuation to price securities, it may value those securities higher or lower than another fund would have priced the security. Also, the use of fair valuation may cause the Fund’s performance to diverge to a greater degree from the performance of various benchmarks used to compare the Fund’s performance because benchmarks generally do not use fair valuation techniques. Because of the

 

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judgment involved in fair valuation decisions, there can be no assurance that the value ascribed to a particular security is accurate. The Fund has retained one or more independent fair valuation pricing services to assist in the fair valuation process for foreign securities. International markets are sometimes open on days when U.S. markets are closed, which means that the value of foreign securities owned by the Fund could change on days when Fund shares cannot be bought or sold.

Shareholder Information

Class A shares and Class B shares have their own unique fees and other features. The Fund encourages you to consult with a financial advisor who can help you with your investment decisions and for more information about the share classes offered by the funds of the trust.

Shares of the Fund are generally available for purchase only by participating insurance companies in connection with variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies.

Shares of the Fund may not be purchased or sold directly by individual owners of variable annuity contracts and/or variable life insurance policies. When you sell your shares through your variable annuity contract and/or variable life insurance policy, the Fund is effectively buying them back. This is called a redemption. The right of redemption may be suspended or payment postponed whenever permitted by applicable laws and regulations.

Depending on the context, references to “you” or “your” herein refer either to the holder of a variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy who may select Fund shares to fund his or her investment in the policy or contract or to the participating insurance company as the holder of Fund shares through one or more separate accounts.

Order Processing

Orders to buy and sell shares of the Fund that are placed by your participating insurance company are processed on business days. Orders received in good form by the Transfer Agent or a selling and/or servicing agent, including your participating insurance company, before the end of a business day will receive that day’s net asset value per share. Orders received after the end of a business day will receive the next business day’s net asset value per share. The market value of the Fund’s investments may change between the time you submit your order and the time the Fund next calculates its net asset value per share. The business day that applies to an order is also called a trade date.

Cash Flows

The timing and magnitude of cash inflows from investors buying Fund shares could prevent the Fund from always being fully invested. Conversely, the timing and magnitude of cash outflows to investors selling Fund shares could require large ready reserves of uninvested cash to meet shareholder redemptions. Either situation could adversely impact the Fund’s performance.

Information Sharing Agreements

As required by Rule 22c-2 under the 1940 Act, the Funds or certain of their service providers will enter into information sharing agreements with financial intermediaries, including participating life insurance companies and financial intermediaries that sponsor or offer retirement plans through which shares of the Funds are made available for purchase. Pursuant to Rule 22c-2, financial intermediaries are required, upon request, to: (i) provide shareholder account and transaction information and (ii) execute instructions from the Fund to restrict or prohibit further purchases of Fund shares by shareholders who have been identified by the Fund as having engaged in transactions that violate the Fund’s excessive trading policies and procedures. See Buying, Selling and Transferring Shares – Excessive Trading Practices for more information.

 

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Excessive Trading Practices Policy of Non-Money Market Funds

Right to Reject or Restrict Share Transaction Orders — The Fund is intended for investors with long-term investment purposes and is not intended as a vehicle for frequent trading activity (market timing) that is excessive. Investors should transact in Fund shares primarily for investment purposes. The Fund’s board of trustees has adopted excessive trading policies and procedures that are designed to deter excessive trading by investors (the Excessive Trading Policies and Procedures). The Fund discourages and does not accommodate excessive trading.

The Fund reserves the right to reject, without any prior notice, any buy or transfer order for any reason, and will not be liable for any loss resulting from rejected orders. For example, the Fund may in its discretion restrict or reject a buy or transfer order even if the transaction is not subject to the specific transfer limitation described below if the Fund or its agents determine that accepting the order could interfere with efficient management of the Fund’s portfolio or is otherwise contrary to the Fund’s best interests. The Excessive Trading Policies and Procedures apply equally to buy or transfer transactions communicated directly to the Transfer Agent and to those received by selling and/or servicing agents.

Specific Buying and Transferring Limitations — If a Fund detects that an investor has made two “material round trips” in any 28-day period, it will generally reject the investor’s future buy orders, including transfer buy orders, involving any Fund.

For these purposes, a “round trip” is a purchase or transfer into the Fund followed by a sale or transfer out of the Fund, or a sale or transfer out of the Fund followed by a purchase or transfer into the Fund. A “material” round trip is one that is deemed by the Fund to be material in terms of its amount or its potential detrimental impact on the Fund. Independent of this limit, the Fund may, in its discretion, reject future buy orders by any person, group or account that appears to have engaged in any type of excessive trading activity.

These limits generally do not apply to automated transactions or transactions by registered investment companies that invest in the Fund using a “fund-of-funds” structure. These limits do not apply to payroll deduction contributions by retirement plan participants, transactions initiated by a retirement plan sponsor or certain other retirement plan transactions consisting of rollover transactions, loan repayments and disbursements, and required minimum distribution redemptions. They may be modified or rescinded for accounts held by certain retirement plans to conform to plan limits, for considerations relating to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 or regulations of the Department of Labor, and for certain asset allocation or wrap programs. Accounts known to be under common ownership or control generally will be counted together, but accounts maintained or managed by a common intermediary generally will not be considered to be under common ownership or control. The Fund retains the right to modify these restrictions at any time without prior notice to shareholders.

Limitations on the Ability to Detect and Prevent Excessive Trading Practices — The Fund takes various steps designed to detect and prevent excessive trading, including daily review of available shareholder transaction information. However, the Fund receives buy, sell and transfer orders through selling and/or servicing agents, and cannot always know of or reasonably detect excessive trading that may be facilitated by selling and/or servicing agents or by the use of the omnibus account arrangements they offer. Omnibus account arrangements are common forms of holding shares of mutual funds, particularly among certain selling and/or servicing agents such as broker/dealers, retirement plans and variable insurance products. These arrangements often permit selling and/or servicing agents to aggregate their clients’ transactions and accounts, and in these circumstances, the identity of the shareholders is often not known to the Fund.

Some selling and/or servicing agents apply their own restrictions or policies to underlying investor accounts, which may be more or less restrictive than those described here. This may impact the Fund’s ability to curtail excessive trading, even where it is identified. For these and other reasons, it is possible that excessive trading may occur despite the Fund’s efforts to detect and prevent it.

 

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Although these restrictions and policies involve judgments that are inherently subjective and may involve some selectivity in their application, the Fund seeks to act in a manner that it believes is consistent with the best interests of shareholders in making any such judgments.

Risks of Excessive Trading — Excessive trading creates certain risks to the Fund’s long-term shareholders and may create the following adverse effects:

 

 

negative impact on the Fund’s performance;

 

 

potential dilution of the value of the Fund’s shares;

 

 

interference with the efficient management of the Fund’s portfolio, such as the need to maintain undesirably large cash positions, the need to use its line of credit or the need to buy or sell securities it otherwise would not have bought or sold;

 

 

losses on the sale of investments resulting from the need to sell securities at less favorable prices;

 

 

increased taxable gains to the Fund’s remaining shareholders resulting from the need to sell securities to meet sell orders; and

 

 

increased brokerage and administrative costs.

To the extent that the Fund invests significantly in foreign securities traded on markets that close before the Fund’s valuation time, it may be particularly susceptible to dilution as a result of excessive trading. Because events may occur after the close of foreign markets and before the Fund’s valuation time that influence the value of foreign securities, investors may seek to trade Fund shares in an effort to benefit from their understanding of the value of foreign securities as of the Fund’s valuation time. This is often referred to as price arbitrage. The Fund has adopted procedures designed to adjust closing market prices of foreign securities under certain circumstances to reflect what the Fund believes to be the fair value of those securities as of its valuation time. To the extent the adjustments don’t work fully, investors engaging in price arbitrage may cause dilution in the value of the Fund’s shares held by other shareholders.

Similarly, to the extent that the Fund invests significantly in thinly traded high-yield bonds (junk bonds) or equity securities of small-capitalization companies, because these securities are often traded infrequently, investors may seek to trade their shares in an effort to benefit from their understanding of the value of these securities. This is also a type of price arbitrage. Any such frequent trading strategies may interfere with efficient management of the Fund’s portfolio to a greater degree than would be the case for mutual funds that invest in highly liquid securities, in part because the Fund may have difficulty selling those portfolio securities at advantageous times or prices to satisfy large and/or frequent sell orders. Any successful price arbitrage may also cause dilution in the value of Fund shares held by other shareholders.

Distributions and Taxes

Distributions to Shareholders

A mutual fund can make money two ways:

 

 

It can earn income on its investments. Examples of fund income are interest paid on money market instruments and bonds, and dividends paid on common stocks.

 

 

A mutual fund can also have capital gains if the value of its investments increases. While a fund continues to hold an investment, any gain is unrealized. If the fund sells an investment, it generally will realize a capital gain if it sells that investment for a higher price than it originally paid. Capital gains are either short-term or long-term, depending on whether the fund holds the securities for one year or less (short-term gains) or more than one year (long-term gains).

 

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FUNDamentalsTM
 
Distributions
 

Mutual funds make payments of fund earnings to shareholders, distributing them among all shareholders of the fund. As a shareholder, you are entitled to your portion of a fund’s distributed income, including capital gains.

 

Reinvesting your distributions buys you more shares of a fund – which lets you take advantage of the potential for compound growth. Putting the money you earn back into your investment means it, in turn, may earn even more money. Over time, the power of compounding has the potential to significantly increase the value of your investment. There is no assurance, however, that you’ll earn more money if you reinvest your distributions rather than receive them in cash.

The Fund intends to pay out, in the form of distributions to shareholders, a sufficient amount of its income and gains so that the Fund will qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company and generally will not have to pay any federal excise tax. The Fund generally intends to distribute any net realized capital gain (whether long-term or short-term gain) at least once a year. Normally, the Fund will declare and pay distributions of net investment income according to the following schedule:

Declaration and Distribution Schedule

 

Declarations    annually
Distributions    annually

The Fund may, however, declare and pay distributions of net investment income more frequently.

Different share classes of the Fund usually pay different net investment income distribution amounts, because each class has different expenses. Each time a distribution is made, the net asset value per share of the share class is reduced by the amount of the distribution.

The Fund will automatically reinvest distributions in additional shares of the same share class of the Fund unless you inform us you want your distributions to be paid in cash.

Taxes and Your Investment

The Fund intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company. A regulated investment company generally is not subject to tax at the fund level on income and gains from investments that are distributed to shareholders. However, the Fund’s failure to qualify as a regulated investment company would result in fund level taxation, and consequently, a reduction in income available for distribution to you.

Shares of the Fund are only offered to you through a variable annuity contract and/or variable life insurance policy of a participating insurance company. You should review the prospectus and other information provided to you by your participating insurance company regarding the federal income taxation of your variable annuity contract and/or variable life insurance policy.

Your contract or policy may qualify for favorable tax treatment. As long as your variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy continues to qualify for favorable tax treatment, you will only be taxed on your investment in the Fund through such contract or policy, even if the Fund makes distributions and/or you change your investment options under the contract or policy. In order to qualify for such treatment, among other things, the “separate accounts” of participating insurance companies, which maintain and invest net proceeds from the variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies, must be “adequately diversified.” The Fund intends to operate in such a manner so that a separate account investing only in Fund shares on behalf of a holder

 

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of a variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy will be “adequately diversified.” If the Fund does not meet such requirements, your contract or policy could lose its favorable tax treatment and income and gain allocable to your contract or policy could be taxable currently to you.

This could also occur if variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy holders are found to have an impermissible level of control over the investments underlying their contracts or policies. Please see the Merger SAI for more information regarding tax treatment of the Fund.

 

FUNDamentalsTM
 
Taxes
 

The information provided above is only a summary of how U.S. federal income taxes may affect your investment in the Fund. It is not intended as a substitute for careful tax planning. Your investment in the Fund may have other tax implications.

 

It does not apply to certain types of investors who may be subject to special rules, including foreign or tax-exempt investors.

 

You should consult with your own tax advisor about the particular tax consequences to you of an investment in the Fund, including the effect of any foreign, state and local taxes, and the effect of possible changes in applicable tax laws.

Information Regarding RiverSource Variable Portfolio — S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio — Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio — Larger-Cap Value Fund, and Seligman Variable Portfolio — Smaller-Cap Value Fund

References to the “Funds” in the following sections refer to RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund and Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund.

ADDITIONAL SERVICES AND COMPENSATION

In addition to acting as the Funds’ investment manager, Columbia Management and its affiliates also receive compensation for providing other services to the Funds.

ADMINISTRATION SERVICES. Ameriprise Financial, 200 Ameriprise Financial Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55474, provides or compensates others to provide administrative services to the Funds. These services include administrative, accounting, treasury and other services.

DISTRIBUTION AND SHAREHOLDER SERVICES. Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly, RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.), One Financial Center, Boston, MA 02111 (the distributor), provides underwriting and distribution services to the Funds. Under distribution agreements and related distribution and shareholder servicing plans, the distributor receives distribution and shareholder servicing fees on Class 2 and Class 3 shares. The distributor uses these fees to support its distribution and servicing activity for Class 2 and Class 3 shares. More information on how these fees are used is set forth under “Buying and Selling Shares – Description of Fund Shares” below and in the Merger SAI.

TRANSFER AGENCY SERVICES. Columbia Management Investment Services Corp. (formerly, RiverSource Service Corporation), One Financial Center, Boston, MA 02111 (the transfer agent), provides or compensates others to provide transfer agency services to the Funds. The Funds pay the transfer agent a fee and reimburse the transfer agent for its out-of-pocket expenses incurred while providing these services to the Funds.

 

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The transfer agent may pay a portion of these fees to participating insurance companies or other financial intermediaries that provide sub-recordkeeping and other services to persons (contract owners) holding variable annuity contracts or variable life insurance policies (contracts), qualified pension and retirement plan (Qualified Plan) participants and the separate accounts of the participating insurance companies (separate accounts).

The Merger SAI provides additional information about the services provided under the agreements set forth above.

PAYMENTS TO AFFILIATED AND UNAFFILIATED PARTICIPATING INSURANCE COMPANIES

The Funds may be sold as underlying investment options under Contracts offered by RiverSource Life Insurance Company (RiverSource Life), its wholly-owned subsidiary, RiverSource Life Insurance Co. of New York (together, the Affiliated Insurance Companies) and other unaffiliated participating insurance companies (collectively, the participating insurance companies). Columbia Management and its affiliates may make or support payments out of their own resources to the participating insurance companies including the Affiliated Insurance Companies as a result of their agreement to include the Funds as investment options under the Contracts. These Contracts may also include mutual funds other than the Funds as investment options, and the participating insurance companies including the Affiliated Insurance Companies may receive payments from the sponsors of these other mutual funds as a result of including those funds as underlying investment options under the Contracts. Employees of Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates, including employees of affiliated broker-dealers, may be separately incented to recommend or sell shares of the Funds in products offered by the Affiliated Insurance Companies, as employee compensation and business unit operating goals at all levels are tied to the success of Ameriprise Financial. Certain employees, directly or indirectly, may receive higher compensation and other benefits as investment in the Funds increases. In addition, management, sales leaders and other employees may spend more of their time and resources promoting Ameriprise Financial and its subsidiary companies, including Columbia Management, and the distributor, and the products they offer, including the Funds. The amount of payment from sponsors of other funds that are offered as investment options under the Contracts or allocation from Columbia Management and its affiliates varies, and may be significant. The amount of the payment or allocation participating insurance companies receive from a fund may create an incentive for the companies and may influence their decision regarding which funds to include under a Contract. These arrangements are sometimes referred to as “revenue sharing payments,” and are in addition to any Rule 12b-1 distribution and/or service fees or other amounts paid by the funds for account maintenance, sub-accounting or recordkeeping services provided directly by the participating insurance companies.

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

Shares of the Funds may serve as the underlying investments for both variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies issued by participating life insurance companies. Due to differences in tax treatment or other considerations, the interests of various Contract owners might at some time be in conflict. The Funds currently do not foresee any such conflict. However, if they do arise, the Funds’ board of trustees intends to consider what action, if any, should be taken in response to such conflicts. If such a conflict were to occur, one or more Separate Accounts of the participating insurance companies might be required to withdraw its investments in the Funds. This might force the Funds to sell securities at disadvantageous prices.

ADDITIONAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION

MANAGER OF MANAGERS EXEMPTION. The Funds have received an order from the SEC that permits Columbia Management, subject to the approval of the Funds’ board of trustees, to appoint a subadviser or to change the terms of a subadvisory agreement for a Fund without first obtaining shareholder approval. The order permits the Fund to add or to change unaffiliated subadvisers or to change the fees paid to subadvisers from time to time without the expense and delays associated with obtaining shareholder approval. Columbia Management

 

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and its affiliates may have other relationships, including significant financial relationships, with current or potential subadvisers or their affiliates, which may create a conflict of interest. In making recommendations to the Funds’ board of trustees to appoint or to change a subadviser, or to change the terms of a subadvisory agreement, Columbia Management does not consider any other relationship it or its affiliates may have with a subadviser, and Columbia Management discloses the nature of any material relationships it has with a subadviser to the Funds’ board of trustees.

AFFILIATED PRODUCTS. Columbia Management serves as investment manager to all funds in the Combined Fund Complex, including those that are structured to provide asset-allocation services to shareholders of those funds by investing in shares of other funds (funds-of-funds) in the Combined Fund Complex, including the Funds. These funds-of-funds, individually or collectively, may own a significant percentage of the outstanding shares of the Funds, and Columbia Management seeks to balance potential conflicts between the funds-of-funds and the Funds in which they invest. The funds-of-funds’ investment in the Funds may also have the effect of creating economies of scale (including lower expense ratios) because the funds-of-funds may own substantial portions of the shares of the Funds and, comparatively, a redemption of Fund shares by one or more funds- of-funds could cause the expense ratio of a Fund to increase as its fixed costs would be spread over a smaller asset base. Because of these large positions of the funds-of-funds, the Funds may experience relatively large purchases or redemptions. Although Columbia Management may seek to minimize the impact of these transactions, for example, by structuring them over a reasonable period of time or through other measures, the Funds may experience increased expenses as they buy and sell securities to manage these transactions. Substantial redemptions by the funds-of-funds within a short period of time could require a Fund to liquidate positions more rapidly than would otherwise be desirable, which may have the effect of reducing or eliminating potential gain or causing the Fund to realize a loss. Substantial redemptions may also adversely affect the ability of the investment manager to implement the Fund’s investment strategy. Columbia Management also has an economic conflict of interest in determining the allocation of the funds-of-funds’ assets among the funds in the Combined Fund Complex as it earns different fees from such funds.

Columbia Management monitors expense levels of the Funds and is committed to offering funds that are competitively priced. Columbia Management reports to the Funds’ board of trustees on the steps it has taken to manage any potential conflicts. See the “Ownership of Selling Fund and Buying Fund Shares” for information on investors who, as of October 31, 2010, owned 5% or more of any class of a Fund’s shares and those investors who owned 25% or more of a Fund’s shares (all share classes taken together) including ownership by funds-of-funds.

CASH RESERVES. A Fund may invest its daily cash balance in a money market fund selected by Columbia Management, including, but not limited to, Columbia Short-Term Cash Fund (Short-Term Cash Fund) (formerly known as RiverSource Short-Term Cash Fund), a money market fund established for the exclusive use of funds in the Combined Fund Complex and other institutional clients of Columbia Management. While Short-Term Cash Fund does not pay an advisory fee to Columbia Management, it does incur other expenses, and is expected to operate at a very low expense ratio. A Fund will invest in Short-Term Cash Fund or any other money market fund selected by Columbia Management only to the extent it is consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies. Short-Term Cash Fund is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any other government agency.

FUND HOLDINGS DISCLOSURE. The Funds’ board of trustees has adopted policies and procedures that govern the timing and circumstances of disclosure to shareholders and third parties of information regarding the securities owned by the Funds. A description of these policies and procedures is included in the Merger SAI.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. Ameriprise Financial and certain of its affiliates have historically been involved in a number of legal, arbitration and regulatory proceedings, including routine litigation, class actions, and governmental actions, concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of their business activities. Ameriprise Financial believes that the Funds are not currently the subject of, and that neither Ameriprise Financial nor any of its affiliates are the subject of, any pending legal, arbitration or regulatory proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on any Fund or the ability of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates to

 

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perform under their contracts with any Fund. Information regarding certain pending and settled legal proceedings may be found in the Funds’ shareholder reports and in the Merger SAI. Additionally, Ameriprise Financial is required to make 10-Q, 10-K and, as necessary, 8-K filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission on legal and regulatory matters that relate to Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates. Copies of these filings may be obtained by accessing the SEC website at www.sec.gov.

BUYING AND SELLING SHARES

DESCRIPTION OF FUND SHARES

The Funds offer different classes of shares. There are differences among the fees and expenses for each share class. The following table shows the key features of each share class. Not all Funds offer all classes of shares and not all Funds or share classes may be available under your variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy (Contracts) or qualified pension and retirement plans (Qualified Plans).

INVESTMENTS OPTIONS SUMMARY

 

    

ELIGIBILITY

   DISTRIBUTION AND/OR
       SERVICE FEE**        
 

Class 1

   For Funds that are sold as underlying investment options of Contracts offered by participating life insurance companies Available in certain Qualified Plans      0.00

Class 2

   For Funds that are sold as underlying investment options of Contracts offered by participating life insurance companies Available in certain Qualified Plans      0.25

Class 3

   For Funds that are sold as underlying investment options of Contracts offered by participating life insurance companies Available in certain Qualified Plans      0.125

 

** Each Fund pays this fee under a Rule 12b-1 plan to the distributor. The distributor uses this fee to make payments to participating insurance companies or their affiliates for services that the participating insurance companies provide to Contract owners who invest in Class 2 or Class 3 shares, and for distribution related expenses. Additionally, the distributor may use this fee to make payments to Qualified Plan sponsors or their affiliates for similar services provided to Qualified Plans and their participants. Because these Rule 12b-1 fees are paid out of a Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time they will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than other types of sales charges.

PRICING AND VALUING OF FUND SHARES

The net asset value (NAV) is the value of a single share of a Fund. The NAV is determined by dividing the value of the Fund’s assets, minus any liabilities, by the number of shares outstanding. The NAV is calculated as of the close of business on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, on each day that the NYSE is open. Securities are valued primarily on the basis of market quotations and floating rate loans are valued primarily on the basis of indicative bids. Both market quotations and indicative bids are obtained from outside pricing services approved and monitored under procedures adopted by the Funds’ board of trustees. Certain short-term securities with maturities of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost.

When reliable market quotations or indicative bids are not readily available, investments are priced at fair value based on procedures adopted by the Funds’ board of trustees. These procedures are also used when the value of an investment held by a Fund is materially affected by events that occur after the close of a securities market but prior to the time as of which the Fund’s NAV is determined. Valuing investments at fair value involves reliance on judgment. The fair value of an investment is likely to differ from any available quoted or published price. To the extent that a Fund has significant holdings of small cap stocks, high yield bonds, floating rate loans, tax-exempt securities or foreign securities that may trade infrequently, fair valuation may be used more frequently than for other funds. The Funds use an unaffiliated service provider to assist in determining fair values for foreign securities.

 

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Foreign investments are valued in U.S. dollars. Some of a Fund’s securities may be listed on foreign exchanges that trade on weekends or other days when the Fund does not price its shares. In that event, the NAV of the Fund’s shares may change on days when investors will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund’s shares.

PURCHASING SHARES

As a Contract owner or participant in a Qualified Plan, you may not buy (nor will you own) shares of the Funds directly. You invest by buying a Contract or contributing to a Qualified Plan and making allocations to one or more Funds. Your purchase price will be the next NAV calculated after your request is received in good order by the Fund, a participating insurance company or Qualified Plan sponsor.

See your Contract prospectus or Qualified Plan disclosure documents for further information concerning allocations to the Funds, minimum and maximum payments and submission and acceptance of your application.

TRANSFERRING/SELLING SHARES

There is no sales charge associated with the purchase of Fund shares, but there may be charges associated with your Contract or Qualified Plan. Any charges that apply to your Contract or Qualified Plan, and any charges that apply to Accounts that may own shares directly, are described in your Contract Prospectus or Qualified Plan disclosure documents.

You may transfer all or part of your investment in a Fund to one or more of the other investment options available under your Contract or Qualified Plan.

You may provide instructions to sell any amount allocated to the Fund. Proceeds will be mailed within seven days after your surrender or withdrawal request is accepted by an authorized agent. The amount you receive may be more or less than the amount you invested. Your sale price will be the next NAV calculated after your request is received in good order by the Fund or a participating insurance company or Qualified Plan sponsor.

Please refer to your Contract prospectus or Qualified Plan disclosure documents, as applicable, for more information about transfers as well as surrenders and withdrawals.

SHORT TERM OR EXCESSIVE TRADING

The Funds’ board of trustees has adopted a policy that the Funds will not knowingly permit market timing. Market timing is frequent or short-term trading activity by certain investors in a fund intending to profit at the expense of other investors in a fund; for example, short-term trading in funds that invest in securities that trade on overseas securities markets may be vulnerable to market timers who seek to take advantage of changes in value of securities between the close of overseas markets and the closure of U.S. markets in order to take advantage of inefficiencies in the fund’s pricing of those securities. This type of short-term trading is sometimes referred to as “arbitrage” market timing. Market timing may adversely impact a fund’s performance by preventing the investment manager from fully investing the assets of the fund, diluting the value of shares held by long-term shareholders, or increasing the fund’s transaction costs. The Funds, when used as underlying funds for funds-of-funds, may be more susceptible to the risks of market timing.

Funds that invest directly in securities that trade infrequently may be vulnerable to market timers. To the extent a Fund has significant holdings in foreign securities, small cap stocks, floating rate loans and/or high yield bonds, the risks of market timing may be greater for that Fund than for other funds. See “Proposal 1. Reorganization of Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series into RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund;” “Proposal 2. Reorganization of Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series into Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund;” “Proposal 3. Reorganization of Seligman Large-Cap Value

 

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Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund;” or “Proposal 5. Reorganization of Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio into Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund” above for a discussion of the types of securities in which your Fund invests. See “Pricing and Valuing of Fund Share” above for a discussion of the Funds’ policy on fair value pricing, which is intended, in part, to reduce the frequency and effect of market timing.

The Funds are currently offered as underlying funds for affiliated funds-of-funds and as investment options under Contracts offered by affiliated and unaffiliated insurance companies and to Qualified Plans, which are administered by third-party administrations (TPAs). Because the insurance companies and TPA process Fund trades on an omnibus basis and the Funds cannot generally ascertain the identity of a particular Contract owner or Qualified Plan participant or whether the same has placed a particular purchase or sale order, the Funds’ board of trustees has adopted procedures intended to detect and deter market timing activities at the omnibus account level.

As required by SEC rules, the Fund has entered or will enter into agreements with participating insurance companies and TPAs (each, a Sponsoring Entity) whereby the Fund or its agents may require a Sponsoring Entity to provide individual account level information about you and your trading activities in the Fund. If the Fund detects market timing activities at the omnibus level, the Fund may require the Sponsoring Entity to take actions to curtail the activity, which may include restricting your trading activity in the Fund.

The procedures that are designed to detect and deter market timing activities at the Contract level cannot provide a guarantee that all market timing activity will be identified and restricted. In addition, state law and the terms of some Contracts may prevent or restrict the effectiveness of the market timing procedures from stopping certain market timing activity. Market timing activity that is not identified, prevented or restricted may impact the performance of the Fund.

Please refer to your Contract prospectus for specific details on transfers between investment options and market timing policies and procedures.

DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES

REINVESTMENTS

All distributions by the Funds are automatically reinvested in additional Fund shares. The reinvestment price is the next calculated NAV after the distribution is paid.

TAXES.

Each of the Funds is treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, and does not expect to make regular distributions to shareholders. Each Fund intends to comply with the regulations relating to the diversification requirements under section 817(h) of the Code.

IMPORTANT: This information is a brief and selective summary of some of the tax rules that apply to an investment in the Funds. Because tax matters are highly individual and complex, you should consult a qualified tax advisor.

Federal income taxation of subaccounts, life insurance companies and annuity contracts or life insurance policies is discussed in your annuity contract or life insurance policy prospectus.

Information Regarding Seligman Global Technology Portfolio Only

References to the “Fund” in the following sections refer to Seligman Global Technology Portfolio.

 

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ADDITIONAL SERVICES AND COMPENSATION

In addition to acting as the Fund’s investment manager, Columbia Management and its affiliates also receive compensation for providing other services to the Fund.

ADMINISTRATION SERVICES. Ameriprise Financial, 200 Ameriprise Financial Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55474, provides or compensates others to provide administrative services to the Funds. These services include administrative, accounting, treasury and other services.

DISTRIBUTION AND SHAREHOLDER SERVICES. Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly, RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.), One Financial Center, Boston, MA 02111 (the distributor), provides underwriting and distribution services to the Fund. Under the distribution agreement and related distribution and shareholder servicing plans, the distributor receives distribution and shareholder servicing fees on Class 2 shares. The distributor uses these fees to support its distribution and servicing activity for Class 2 shares. More information on how these fees are used is set forth under “Buying and Selling Shares – Description of Fund Shares” below and in the Merger SAI.

TRANSFER AGENCY SERVICES. Columbia Management Investment Services Corp. (formerly, RiverSource Service Corporation), One Financial Center, Boston, MA 02111 (the transfer agent), provides or compensates others to provide transfer agency services to the Fund. The Fund pays the transfer agent a fee as set forth in the Merger SAI and reimburses the transfer agent for its out-of-pocket expenses incurred while providing these services to the Fund. The transfer agent may pay a portion of these fees to participating insurance companies or other financial intermediaries that provide sub-recordkeeping and other services to persons (contract owners) holding variable annuity contracts or variable life insurance policies (contracts), qualified pension and retirement plan (Qualified Plan) participants and the separate accounts of the participating insurance companies (separate accounts).

The Merger SAI provides additional information about the services provided under the agreements set forth above.

PAYMENTS TO AFFILIATED AND UNAFFILIATED PARTICIPATING INSURANCE COMPANIES

The Fund may be sold as an underlying investment option under Contracts offered by RiverSource Life Insurance Company (RiverSource Life), its wholly-owned subsidiary, RiverSource Life Insurance Co. of New York (together, the Affiliated Insurance Companies) and other unaffiliated participating insurance companies (collectively, the participating insurance companies). Columbia Management and its affiliates may make or support payments out of their own resources to the participating insurance companies including the Affiliated Insurance Companies as a result of their agreement to include the Fund as an investment option under the Contracts. These Contracts may also include mutual funds other than the Fund as investment options, and the participating insurance companies including the Affiliated Insurance Companies may receive payments from the sponsors of these other mutual funds as a result of including those funds as underlying investment options under the Contracts. Employees of Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates, including employees of affiliated broker- dealers, may be separately incented to recommend or sell shares of the Fund in products offered by the Affiliated Insurance Companies, as employee compensation and business unit operating goals at all levels are tied to the success of Ameriprise Financial. Certain employees, directly or indirectly, may receive higher compensation and other benefits as investment in the Fund increases. In addition, management, sales leaders and other employees may spend more of their time and resources promoting Ameriprise Financial and its subsidiary companies, including Columbia Management, and the distributor, and the products they offer, including the Fund. The amount of payment from sponsors of other funds that are offered as investment options under the Contracts or allocation from Columbia Management and its affiliates varies, and may be significant. The amount of the payment or allocation participating insurance companies receive from a fund may create an incentive for the companies and may influence their decision regarding which funds to include under a Contract. These

 

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arrangements are sometimes referred to as “revenue sharing payments,” and are in addition to any Rule 12b-1 distribution and/or service fees or other amounts paid by the funds for account maintenance, sub-accounting or recordkeeping services provided directly by the participating insurance companies.

POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

Shares of the Fund may serve as the underlying investments for both variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies issued by participating life insurance companies. Due to differences in tax treatment or other considerations, the interests of various Contract owners might at some time be in conflict. The Fund currently does not foresee any such conflicts. However, if they do arise, the Fund’s board intends to consider what action, if any, should be taken in response to such conflicts. If such a conflict were to occur, one or more separate accounts of the participating insurance companies might be required to withdraw its investments in the Fund. This might force the Fund to sell securities at disadvantageous prices.

ADDITIONAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION

CASH RESERVES. The Fund may invest its daily cash balance in a money market fund selected by Columbia Management, including, but not limited to, Columbia Short-Term Cash Fund (Short-Term Cash Fund) (formerly known as RiverSource Short-Term Cash Fund), a money market fund established for the exclusive use of funds in the Combined Fund Complex and other institutional clients of Columbia Management. While Short-Term Cash Fund does not pay an advisory fee to Columbia Management, it does incur other expenses, and is expected to operate at a very low expense ratio. The Fund will invest in Short-Term Cash Fund or any other money market fund selected by Columbia Management only to the extent it is consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies. Short-Term Cash Fund is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any other government agency.

FUND HOLDINGS DISCLOSURE. The Fund’s board of directors has adopted policies and procedures that govern the timing and circumstances of disclosure to shareholders and third parties of information regarding the securities owned by the Fund. A description of these policies and procedures is included in the Merger SAI.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. Ameriprise Financial and certain of its affiliates have historically been involved in a number of legal, arbitration and regulatory proceedings, including routine litigation, class actions, and governmental actions, concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of their business activities. Ameriprise Financial believes that the Fund is not currently the subject of, and that neither Ameriprise Financial nor any of its affiliates are the subject of, any pending legal, arbitration or regulatory proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Fund or the ability of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates to perform under their contracts with the Fund. Information regarding certain pending and settled legal proceedings may be found in the Fund’s shareholder reports and in the Merger SAI. Additionally, Ameriprise Financial is required to make 10-Q, 10-K and, as necessary, 8-K filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission on legal and regulatory matters that relate to Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates. Copies of these filings may be obtained by accessing the SEC website at www.sec.gov.

BUYING AND SELLING SHARES

DESCRIPTION OF FUND SHARES

The Fund may offer Class 1 and Class 2 shares to separate accounts (Accounts) funding variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies (Contracts) issued by affiliated and unaffiliated life insurance companies, Accounts funding qualified pension and retirement plans (Qualified Plans) and other qualified institutional investors authorized by the distributor. Not all share classes may be available under your Contract or Qualified Plan. Under a Rule 12b-1 plan adopted by the Fund, Class 2 shares pay an annual shareholder servicing and distribution (“Rule 12b-1”) fee of up to 0.25% of average net assets. The Fund pays this fee to the distributor. The distributor uses this fee to make payments to participating insurance companies or their affiliates for services

 

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that the participating insurance companies provide to Contract owners who invest in Class 2 shares, and for distribution related expenses. Additionally, the distributor may use this fee to make payments to Qualified Plan sponsors or their affiliates for similar services provided to Qualified Plans and their participants. Because these Rule 12b-1 fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time they will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than other types of sales charges.

PRICING AND VALUING OF FUND SHARES

The net asset value (NAV) is the value of a single share of a Fund. The NAV is determined by dividing the value of the Fund’s assets, minus any liabilities, by the number of shares outstanding. The NAV is calculated as of the close of business on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, on each day that the NYSE is open. Securities are valued primarily on the basis of market quotations and floating rate loans are valued primarily on the basis of indicative bids. Both market quotations and indicative bids are obtained from outside pricing services approved and monitored under procedures adopted by the Fund’s board of directors. Certain short-term securities with maturities of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost.

When reliable market quotations or indicative bids are not readily available, investments are priced at fair value based on procedures adopted by the Fund’s board of directors. These procedures are also used when the value of an investment held by the Fund is materially affected by events that occur after the close of a securities market but prior to the time the Fund’s NAV is determined. Valuing investments at fair value involves reliance on judgment. The fair value of an investment is likely to differ from any available quoted or published price. To the extent that the Fund has significant holdings of small cap stocks, high yield bonds, floating rate loans, tax-exempt securities or foreign securities that may trade infrequently, fair valuation may be used more frequently than for other funds. The Fund uses an unaffiliated service provider to assist in determining fair values for foreign securities.

Foreign investments are valued in U.S. dollars. Some of the Fund’s securities may be listed on foreign exchanges that trade on weekends or other days when the Fund does not price its shares. In that event, the NAV of the Fund’s shares may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund’s shares.

PURCHASING AND SELLING SHARES

As a Contract owner or participant in a Qualified Plan, you may not buy (nor will you own) shares of the Fund directly. You invest by buying a Contract or contributing to a Qualified Plan and making allocations to the Fund. Allocation rights and information on how to purchase or surrender a Contract or Qualified Plan, including any minimum and maximum payments and submission and acceptance of your application, as well as any sales charges and other expenses imposed by the Contracts or Qualified Plans, and any charges that apply to Accounts that may own shares directly, are described in the separate Contract prospectus or Qualified Plan disclosure documents, as applicable.

The Accounts may purchase and sell shares of the Fund in accordance with allocation instructions received from Contract owners or Qualified Plan participants. There is no sales charge associated with the purchase or sale of Fund shares. An Account may purchase or sell Fund shares at the next NAV calculated after its request is received in good order by the Fund. The amount received for the sale of Fund shares may be more or less than the amount invested. Fund shares that are sold are entitled to any dividends that have been declared as payable to record owners up to and including the day the sale is effected. Payment of the sale price will normally be made within seven days after receipt of such sale. In addition, the right to sell shares may be suspended and the date of payment of the sale price may be postponed for any period during which the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings) or during which the SEC determines that trading thereon is restricted, or for any period during which an emergency (as determined by the SEC) exists as a result of which the sale of the applicable Fund shares is not reasonably practical or as a result of which it is not reasonably practicable for

 

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the Fund to fairly determine the value of its net assets, or for such other periods as the SEC may by order permit for the protection of shareholders.

The Fund reserves the right to accept an in kind contribution of securities as payment for its shares. Contributions received in kind will be valued at the Fund’s determination of their fair market value. Additionally, for redemptions in excess of 15% of the Fund, the Fund reserves the right to satisfy such redemption request with an in kind transfer of securities. Shareholders receiving a payment in the form of securities may incur expenses, including brokerage expenses, in converting these securities into cash. Redemptions made in kind will be made on a pro rata basis so as not to disadvantage any individual shareholder. No shareholder will have the right to require any distribution of any assets of the Fund in kind.

SHORT-TERM OR EXCESSIVE TRADING

The Fund’s board of directors has adopted a policy that the Fund will not knowingly permit market timing. Market timing is frequent or short-term trading activity by certain investors in a fund intending to profit at the expense of other investors in a fund; for example, short-term trading of funds that invest in securities that trade on overseas securities markets in order to take advantage of inefficiencies in the fund’s pricing of those securities (the change in values of such securities between the close of the overseas markets and the close of the U.S. markets). This type of short-term trading is sometimes referred to as “arbitrage” market timing. Market timing may adversely impact a fund’s performance by preventing the investment manager from fully investing the assets of the fund, diluting the value of shares held by long-term shareholders, or increasing the fund’s transaction costs. Funds that invest directly in securities that trade infrequently may be vulnerable to market timers. To the extent the Fund has significant holdings in foreign securities, small cap stocks, floating rate loans and/or high yield bonds, the risks of market timing may be greater for the Fund than for other funds. See “Proposal 6 Comparison of Objectives, Strategies and Risks. Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio into Seligman Global Technology Portfolio.” above for a discussion of the types of securities in which the Fund invests. See “Pricing and Valuing of Fund Shares” above for a discussion of the Fund’s policy on fair value pricing, which is intended, in part, to reduce the frequency and effect of market timing.

The Fund is currently offered as an investment option under Contracts offered by participating insurance companies and to Qualified Plans, which are administered by third-party administrators (TPAs). Because the participating insurance companies and TPAs process Fund trades on an omnibus basis and the Fund cannot generally ascertain the identity of a particular Contract owner or Qualified Plan participant whether the same has placed a particular purchase or sale order, the Fund’s board of directors has adopted procedures intended to detect and deter market timing activity at the omnibus account level.

As required by SEC rules, the Fund has entered into agreements with participating insurance companies and TPAs (each, a Sponsoring Entity) whereby the Fund or its agents may require a Sponsoring Entity to provide individual account level information about you and your trading activities in the Fund. If the Fund detects market timing activities at the omnibus level, the Fund may require the Sponsoring Entity to take actions to curtail the activity, which may include restricting your trading activity in the Fund.

The procedures that are designed to detect and deter market timing activity at the omnibus account level cannot provide a guarantee that all market timing activity will be identified and restricted. In addition, state law and the terms of some Contracts may prevent or restrict the effectiveness of the market timing procedures. Market timing activity that is not identified, prevented or restricted may impact the performance of the Fund.

There can be no assurances that sponsoring entities will be able to prevent or stop frequent trading activity by Contract owners and Qualified Plan participants. The ability of a sponsoring entity to detect and curtail excessive trading may be limited by operational systems and technological limitations. Also, Contract owners and Qualified Plan participants seeking to engage in market timing may deploy a variety of strategies to avoid detection.

 

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Please refer to your Contract prospectus or Qualified Plan documents for specific details on transfers between investment options and market timing policies and procedures.

DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES

REINVESTMENTS

All distributions by the Fund are automatically reinvested in additional Fund shares. The reinvestment price is the next calculated NAV after the distribution is paid.

TAXES

The Fund intends to distribute dividends and capital gains to shareholders in order to qualify as a regulated investment company and to avoid paying corporate income and excise taxes.

The Fund intends to comply with the regulations relating to the diversification requirements under section 817(h) of the Code.

IMPORTANT: This information is a brief and selective summary of some of the tax rules that apply to an investment in the Fund. Because tax matters are highly individual and complex, you should consult a qualified tax advisor.

Federal income taxation of separate accounts funding Contracts is discussed in your annuity contract or life insurance policy prospectus. Federal income taxation of Accounts funding Qualified Plans is discussed in your Qualified Plan disclosure documents.

 

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Exhibit C

Comparison of Organizational Documents

This chart highlights material differences between the terms of the Declarations of Trusts and By-Laws of the Buying and Selling Funds.

 

Group A:   

Selling Funds: Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, and Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio.

 

Buying Fund: Seligman Global Technology Portfolio.1

Group B:    Selling Funds: Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series and Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series.
Group C:    Buying Funds: RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund, and Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund.
Group D:    Buying Fund: Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

 

Policy

 

Group A

 

Group B

 

Group C

 

Group D

Shareholder Liability   Under the Maryland General Corporation Law (“MGCL”), a shareholder of a corporation is not obligated to the corporation or its creditors with respect to the stock, except to the extent that the subscription price or other agreed upon price for the stock has not been paid or liability is otherwise imposed under the MGCL.   The shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for its obligations. However, the Declaration of Trust contains express disclaimers of shareholder liability for acts, obligations or affairs of the trust. The Declaration of Trust also provides for indemnification and reimbursement of expenses out of the assets of a series for any shareholder held personally liable for obligations of such series. Therefore, the possibility that a shareholder could be held liable would be limited to a situation in which the assets of the applicable series had been exhausted.   Shareholders of the Trust are protected from liability under Delaware statutory law, which provides that shareholders of a Delaware statutory trust have the same limitation of personal liability as is extended to shareholders of a private corporation for profit incorporated in the State of Delaware.
Shareholder Voting Rights   On each matter submitted to vote of the shareholders, each holder of a share of any series or class issued by the corporation (“Common Stock”)   At all meetings of shareholders, each shareholder of record is entitled to one vote for each dollar of net asset value (number of shares owned times net asset value per   At all meetings of shareholders, each shareholder of record is entitled to one vote for each dollar of net asset value (number of shares owned times net asset value per   Shareholders have power to vote only (a) for the election of trustees, (b) with respect to any investment advisory contract, (c) with respect to termination

 

1

The board of directors of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. has approved the redomiciling of its Seligman Global Technology Portfolio series into a newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust that has also been named Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. The Redomiciling is subject to approval by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. If the Redomiciling is approved by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio prior to the Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, the Buying Fund will be governed by charter documents in Group C. If the Redomiciling has not been completed prior to the Reorganization of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, the Buying Fund will be governed by charter documents in Group A.

 

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Policy

 

Group A

 

Group B

 

Group C

 

Group D

 

is entitled to one vote for each share standing held irrespective of the series of Common Stock (“Series”) and all shares of all Series will vote as a single class (“Single Class Voting”); except, that (a) as to any matter requiring a separate vote of any Series by the 1940 Act or would be required under the MGCL, the requirements as to a separate vote by that Series apply in lieu of Single Class Voting as described above; (b) in the event that the separate vote requirements referred to in (a) above apply with respect to one or more Series, then, subject to (c) below, the shares of all other Series will vote as a single class; and (c) as to any matter which does not affect the interest of a particular Series, only the holders of shares of the one or more affected Series will be entitled to vote.

 

As to any matter with respect to which a separate vote of any class is required by the 1940 Act or by

 

share) and each fractional dollar amount is entitled to a proportionate fractional vote.

 

The shareholders have the power to vote (i) for the election of trustees, (ii) to the same extent as shareholders of a Massachusetts business corporation as to whether or not a court action, proceeding or claim should or should not be brought or maintained derivatively or as a class action on behalf of the trust or shareholder, (iii) with respect to termination of the trust or any class or series of the trust, (iv) with respect to the approval or termination in accordance with the 1940 Act of any contract with any one or more corporations, trusts, associations, partnerships, limited partnerships or other types of organizations, or individuals as to which shareholder approval is required by the 1940 Act, and (v) with respect to additional matters relating to the trust as may be required by the 1940 Act, the Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws or any registration of the trust with the SEC (or

 

share) and each fractional dollar amount is entitled to a proportionate fractional vote.

 

The shareholders have the power to vote (i) for the election of trustees, (ii) to the same extent as shareholders of a Massachusetts business corporation as to whether or not a court action, proceeding or claim should or should not be brought or maintained derivatively or as a class action on behalf of the trust or shareholder, (iii) with respect to termination of the trust or any class or series of the trust, (iv) with respect to the approval or termination in accordance with the 1940 Act of any contract with any one or more corporations, trusts, associations, partnerships, limited partnerships or other types of organizations, or individuals as to which shareholder approval is required by the 1940 Act, and (v) with respect to additional matters relating to the trust as may be required by the 1940 Act, the Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws or any registration of the trust with the SEC (or

 

of the Trust, (d) with respect to any amendment of the Declaration of Trust, (e) with respect to any merger, consolidation, conversion or sale of assets, (f) with respect to incorporation of the trust, and (g) with respect to such additional matters relating to the trust as may be required by the 1940 Act, the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, or any other law, the Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws or any registration of the trust with the SEC (or any successor agency) or any state, or as and when the trustees may consider necessary or desirable.

 

Each shareholder is entitled to vote based on the ratio his or her Interest bears to the Interests of all holders entitled to vote, where “Interest” means interest in the trust or in trust property, as the case may be, including all rights, powers and privileges accorded to shareholders in the Declaration of Trust.

 

On any matter submitted to a vote of shareholders of Interests in the trust, all Interests then entitled to vote shall be voted by individual series, except that (i) when required by the

 

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Policy

 

Group A

 

Group B

 

Group C

 

Group D

  MGCL, such requirement as to a separate vote by the class applies in lieu of Single Class Voting, and, if permitted by the 1940 Act or any rules, regulations or orders thereunder or under the MGCL, all classes of a particular Series vote together as a single class on any matter that has the same effect on each class of that Series. As to any matter that does not affect the interest of a particular class, only the holders of shares of the affected class are entitled to vote.  

any successor agency) or any State, or as the trustees may consider necessary or desirable.

 

On any matter submitted to a vote of shareholders, all shares entitled to vote will be voted in the aggregate as a single class without regard to series or class of shares, except that shares may be voted by individual series or classes (1) when required by the 1940 Act, (2) when the trustees have determined that the matter affects one or more series or classes of shares materially differently, or (3) when the matter affects only the interests of one or more series or classes.

 

any successor agency) or any State, or as the trustees may consider necessary or desirable.

 

On any matter submitted to a vote of shareholders, all shares entitled to vote will be voted in the aggregate as a single class without regard to series or class of shares, except that shares may be voted by individual series or classes (1) when required by the 1940 Act, (2) when the trustees have determined that the matter affects one or more series or classes of shares materially differently, or (3) when the matter affects only the interests of one or more series or classes.

  1940 Act, Interests shall be voted in the aggregate and not by individual series, and (ii) when the trustees have determined that the matter affects only the interests of holders of Interests in a limited number of series, then only the holders of Interests in such series shall be entitled to vote thereon.
  When a quorum is present at any meeting, the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast, or, with respect to any matter requiring a class vote, the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast of each class entitled to vote as a class on the matter, will decide any matter properly brought before such meeting (except that Directors may be elected by the affirmative vote of  

There is no cumulative voting in the election of trustees.

  If authorized by the trustees, shareholders are entitled to vote cumulatively in the election of trustees.  

 

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Policy

 

Group A

 

Group B

 

Group C

 

Group D

  a plurality of the votes cast), unless a different vote is required under the 1940 Act or other applicable statutes or regulations or the Articles of Incorporation. Each share may be voted for as many individuals as there are Directors to be elected and for whose election the share is entitled to be voted.      
Shareholder Meetings  

Regular shareholder meetings are not required, unless shareholders are required to meet for the purposes of electing directors pursuant to the 1940 Act.

 

The chairman of the board of directors, president, chief executive officer or board of directors may call a special meeting of the shareholders.

 

In addition, a special meeting of shareholders shall be called by the

secretary of the corporation on the written request of shareholders holding at least a majority of the voting power of all shares entitled to vote. The shareholders must send written notice to the secretary and

 

The Declaration of Trust and By-Laws do not address annual shareholder meetings. Regular shareholder meetings are not required for business trusts under the General Laws of Massachusetts.

 

Shareholder meetings will be held when called by the trustees for the purpose of taking action on any matter requiring the vote or authority of the shareholders, or for any other matter the trustees deem necessary or desirable.

 

The trust is not required to hold annual shareholder meetings.

 

Shareholder meetings may be called at any time by a majority of the trustees and are required to be called by any trustee upon written request of shareholders holding, in the aggregate, not less than 10% of the Interests in the trust, or, with respect to a meeting of the shareholders of one or more series, not less than 10% of the Interests of the affected series, such request specifying the purpose or purposes for which such meeting is to be called. Any such meeting will be held within or without the State of Delaware on such day and at such time as the trustees designate.

 

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Policy

 

Group A

 

Group B

 

Group C

 

Group D

 

other procedural requirements must be met.

 

Any special meeting to be held pursuant to shareholders’ request may not be held more than 90 days after the record date for the meeting.

     
Shareholder Quorum   The presence in person or by proxy of the holders of record of one-third of the shares of all Series and classes issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at a meeting constitute a quorum except as otherwise provided by law or the Articles of Incorporation. Where the holders of shares of any Series or class are entitled to vote separately as a class, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of one-third of the shares of that separate class issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting constitutes a quorum for that vote.   The presence in person or by proxy of 30% of the votes entitled to be cast at a meeting constitutes a quorum.   The presence in person or by proxy of 10% of the votes entitled to be cast at a meeting constitutes a quorum.   Shareholders of one-third of the Interests in the trust, or with respect to a meeting of the shareholders of one or more series, holders of one-third of the Interests of that series, present in person or by proxy, constitutes a quorum for the transaction of any business, except as may otherwise be required by the 1940 Act or other applicable law or by the Declaration or the By-Laws of the trust.
 

 

If a quorum is not present or represented at the meeting, the holders

 

 

When any one or more series or classes votes as a single class separate from any

 

 

When any one or more series or classes votes as a single class separate from any

 

 

If a quorum is present at a meeting, an affirmative vote by the shareholders present, in

 

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Policy

 

Group A

 

Group B

 

Group C

 

Group D

 

of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote have the power to adjourn the meeting without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present. If, however, such quorum is not present at any meeting of the shareholders, the shareholders or the chairman of the meeting shall have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time to a date not more than 120 days after the original record date without notice other than announcement at the meeting. At any adjourned meeting at which a quorum may be present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.

 

The shareholders present either in person or by proxy, at a meeting which has been duly called and convened, may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough shareholders to leave less than a quorum.

 

other shares which are to vote on the same matters as a separate class or classes, 30% of the votes entitled to be cast by each such class entitled to vote constitutes a quorum at a shareholders’ meeting of that class.

 

A meeting may be adjourned by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the question, whether or not a quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned within a reasonable time after the date set for the original meeting without further notice.

 

other shares which are to vote on the same matters as a separate class or classes, 10% of the votes entitled to be cast by each such class entitled to vote constitutes a quorum at a shareholders’ meeting of that class.

 

A meeting may be adjourned by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the question, whether or not a quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned within a reasonable time after the date set for the original meeting without further notice.

  person or by proxy, holding more than 50% of the total Interests of the shareholders present, either in person or by proxy, at such meeting constitutes the action of the shareholders, unless the 1940 Act, other applicable law, the Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws of the trust requires a greater number of affirmative votes.

 

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Policy

 

Group A

 

Group B

 

Group C

 

Group D

Shareholder Consent   Any action required or permitted of shareholders must be taken at a meeting.   Except as otherwise provided by law, the Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of shareholders may be taken without a meeting if a majority of the shareholders entitled to vote consent to the action in writing and the consents are filed with the records of the trust. The consent will be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of shareholders.   Any action which may be taken by shareholders may be taken without a meeting if shareholders holding more than 50% of the total Interests entitled to vote (or such larger proportion thereof as shall be required by any express provision of the Declaration of Trust) consent to the action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of the meetings of shareholders. Such consents will be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of shareholders.
Notice to Shareholders
of Record Date
 

In general, shareholders entitled to vote at or receive notice of a shareholder meeting must be given written notice of at least 10 days and not more than 90 days before the meeting. Unless otherwise required by statute, any business may be conducted at the annual meeting without being designated in the notice. No business may be transacted at a special meeting of shareholders except as specifically designated in the notice.

 

Written notice of any meeting of shareholders must be given by the trustees at least 7 days before the meeting.

 

The trustees may set a record date for the purpose of determining the shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a shareholder meeting. The record date cannot be more than 90 days or less than 7 days before the date of the meeting.

  Written or printed notice of all meetings of the shareholders, stating the time, place and purposes of the meeting, are required to be given by the trustees either by presenting it personally to a shareholder, leaving it at his or her residence or usual place of business, or by mailing it to a shareholder, at his or her registered address, at least 20 business days and not more than 90 business days before the meeting. If mailed, such notice is deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail addressed to the shareholder at his or her address as it is registered with the

 

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  The directors may set a record date for the purpose of determining the shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a shareholder meeting. The record date cannot be more than 90 days or less than 10 days before the date of the meeting. Instead of fixing a record date, the board of directors may close the stock transfer books for not more than 20 days. If the stock transfer books are closed for this purpose, they must be closed for at least 10 days before the date of the meeting.    

trust, with postage thereon prepaid. At any such meeting, any business properly before the meeting may be considered whether or not stated in the notice of the meeting.

 

Any adjourned meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice.

 

For the purpose of determining the shareholders who are entitled to notice of any to vote at any meeting, or to participate in any distribution, or for the purpose of any other action, the trustees may from time to time fix a date, not more than 90 calendar days prior to the date of any meeting of the shareholders or payment of distributions or other action, as the case may be, as a record date for the determination of the persons to be treated as shareholders of record for such purposes.

Shareholder Proxies  

A shareholder may cast his or her votes in person or by proxy executed by the shareholder or by the shareholder’s duly authorized agent in any manner permitted or not prohibited by law.

 

The proxy or evidence of authorization of the proxy must be filed with the secretary

 

Shareholders may vote in person or by proxy.

 

A proxy with respect to shares held in the name of two or more persons will be valid if executed by any one of them unless at or prior to exercise of the proxy the trust receives a specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them. A proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a shareholder will be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise and the burden of proving invalidity rests on the challenger.

  At any meeting of shareholders, any shareholder entitled to vote thereat may vote by proxy, provided that no proxy will be voted at any meeting unless it has been placed on file with the Secretary, or with such other officer or agent of the trust as the Secretary may direct, for verification prior to the time at which such vote will be

 

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  of the corporation before or at the meeting. No proxy is valid more than eleven months after its date unless otherwise provided in the proxy.     taken. Pursuant to a resolution of a majority of the trustees, proxies may be solicited in the name of one or more trustees or one or more of the officers of the trust. Only shareholders of record are entitled to vote. Each shareholder is entitled to a vote proportionate to his or her Interest in the trust. When Interests are held jointly by several persons, any one of them may vote at any meeting in person or by proxy in respect of such Interest, but if more than one of them is present at such meeting in person or by proxy, and such joint owners or their proxies so present disagree as to any vote to be cast, such vote will not be received in respect of such Interest. A proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a shareholder will be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise, and the burden of proving invalidity rests on the challenger. If the shareholder is a minor or a person of unsound mind, and subject to guardianship or to the legal control of any other person regarding the charge or management of his or her Interest, he or she may vote by his or her guardian or such other person appointed or having such control,

 

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Trustee Power to Amend Organizational Document  

The corporation may amend the Articles of Incorporation if a majority of all the outstanding shares of all classes or the affected class or classes entitled to vote, vote in favor of the amendment, or consent in writing to such amendment.

 

The board of directors have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of the By-Laws and to make new By-Laws.

 

The trustees may amend the Declaration of Trust at any time by an instrument in writing signed by a majority of the then trustees provided that notice of such amendment is transmitted promptly to shareholders of record.

 

The trustees need not, however, provide notice of an amendment if the amendment is for the purpose of supplying an omission, curing any ambiguity or curing, correcting or supplementing any defective or inconsistent provision contained in the Declaration of Trust, or having any other purpose which is ministerial or clerical in nature.

 

The By-Laws may be amended or repealed, in whole or in part, by a majority of the trustees then in office at any meeting of the trustees, or by written consent in lieu thereof. In no event, however, are the trustees permitted to adopt By-Laws that conflict or are inconsistent with the Declaration of Trust.

 

and such vote may be given in person or by proxy.

 

The Declaration of Trust may be amended by the vote of shareholders holding more than 50% of the total Interests entitled to vote or by any instrument in writing, without a meeting, signed by a majority of the trustees and consented to by the vote of shareholders holding more than 50% of the total Interests entitled to vote.

 

The trustees may also amend the Declaration of Trust without the vote or consent of shareholders to change the name of the trust, to supply any omission, to cure, correct or supplement any ambiguous, defective or inconsistent provision hereof, or to conform the Declaration of Trust to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, or any other applicable Federal laws or regulations, but the trustees are not liable for failing to do so.

 

However, no amendment may be made to the Declaration of Trust which would change any rights with respect to any Interest in the trust by reducing the amount payable thereon upon

 

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liquidation of the trust or by diminishing or eliminating any voting rights pertaining thereto, except with a vote, at a meeting of the shareholders of Interests in the trust, or in any series thereof, of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the Interests present or represented at such meeting, provided the shareholders of more than 50% of the Interests in the trust, or the affected series, are present or represented by proxy or (b) more than 50% of the Interests in the trust, or the affected series (a “Majority Interests Vote”).

 

The trustees may adopt and, from time to time, amend or repeal the By-Laws for the conduct of the business of the trust.

Termination of Trust   Under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation such as the Fund generally cannot dissolve, amend its charter, merge, sell all or substantially all of its assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business, unless advised by the board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of common shareholders  

The trust may be terminated by the trustees with written notice to shareholders, or by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the shares of each series entitled to vote.

 

Any series of or class may be terminated by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the shares of that series or class, or by the trustees by written notice to the shareholders of that series or class.

 

The trust may be terminated by the trustees by written notice to the Shareholders, or by the affirmative vote of shares representing at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast for each series voting separately by series.

 

Any series or class may be terminated by the affirmative vote of shares representing at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast for that series or

  The trust may be terminated (i) by the affirmative vote of the shareholders of not less than two-thirds of the Interests in the trust at any meeting of the shareholders or by an instrument in writing, without a meeting, signed by a majority of the trustees and consented to by the holders of not less than two-thirds of such Interests, or (ii) by the trustees by written notice to the shareholders of the trust.

 

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entitled to cast at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. A Maryland corporation may, however, provide in its charter for approval of these matters by a different percentage, but not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Subject to certain exceptions, the Fund’s charter provides for approval of charter amendments by the holders of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.

 

Open-end funds are not required to obtain shareholder approval for transfers of assets under Maryland law.

    class, or by the trustees by written notice to the shareholders of that series or class.  
Merger or Consolidation   The corporation has the right to take any lawful action to make any amendment to the Articles of Incorporation, including the right to make any amendment authorizing any sale, lease, exchange or transfer of the property and assets of the corporation, if a majority of all the shares of all series and classes affected by such action and   Subject to applicable laws, the trustees may, without shareholder consent, cause the trust or any series to be merged or consolidated with another trust or company. The trustees may also transfer all or a substantial portion of the trust’s assets to another fund or company.   The trust, or any series thereof, may (a) merge or consolidate with or into one or more statutory trusts or other statutory entities (as defined in the Delaware Statutory Trust Act) or any other organization formed or organized or existing under the laws of the State of Delaware or any other state or the United States or any foreign country or other foreign jurisdiction, (b) convert to a common-law trust, a general partnership (including a registered

 

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  outstanding and entitled to vote, vote in favor of such action or amendment, or consent thereto in writing. Open-end funds are not required to obtain shareholder approval for transfers of assets under Maryland law.       limited liability partnership), a limited partnership (including a registered limited liability limited partnership) or a limited liability company organized, formed or created under the laws of the State of Delaware, or (c) sell, lease or exchange all or substantially all of its property, including its good will, in each such case, upon such terms and conditions and for such consideration when and as authorized by no less than a majority of the trustees and, at any meeting of shareholders called for the purpose, by a Majority Interests Vote, or by an instrument or instruments in writing without a meeting, consented to by a Majority Interests Vote.
      In accordance with Section 3815(f) of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, an agreement of merger or consolidation may effect any amendment to the Declaration of Trust or By-Laws or effect the adoption of a new declaration of trust or by-laws of the trust if the trust is the surviving or resulting statutory trust.
Removal of Trustees     Trustees may be removed with or without cause by majority vote of the trustees.   Any of the trustees may be removed by the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds

 

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Trustee Committees  

The board of directors may appoint from among its members an Executive Committee, an Audit Committee, a Board Operations Committee, a Nominating Committee and other committees,

composed of one or more directors, to serve at the pleasure of the board of directors. Any director may give notice to the board of directors at any time of his or her resignation from any committee on which he or she serves.

 

The board of directors may delegate to committees appointed pursuant to the Articles of Incorporation any of the powers of the board of directors, except as prohibited by law.

 

Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of a committee of the board of directors may be taken without a meeting, if a consent to such action in writing or by electronic transmission is given by each member of the

  The trustees may appoint from their own number and terminate committees consisting of one or more trustees, which may exercise the powers and authority of the trustees to the extent that the trustees determine.  

(2/3) of the Interests or (provided the aggregate number of trustees, after such removal and after giving effect to any appointment made to fill the vacancy created by such removal, is not less than three) with cause, by the action of two-thirds of the remaining trustees. Removal with cause includes, but is not limited to, the removal of a trustee due to physical or mental incapacity.

 

The board of trustees may appoint from among its members committees composed of two or more of its trustees which will have such powers as may be delegated or authorized by the resolution appointing them.

 

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committee and filed with the minutes of proceedings of such committee.

 

Subject to the previous sections, the board of directors has the power at any time to change the membership of any committee, to fill all

vacancies, to designate alternate members to replace any absent or disqualified member or to dissolve any such committee. Subject to the power of the Board of Directors, the members of a committee have the power to fill any vacancies on such committee.

     
Trustee Liability  

A director or officer of the corporation will not be liable to the corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director or officer, except to the extent such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted by law (including the 1940 Act).

 

Directors and officers will not be protected from liability to the corporation or shareholders for

 

Trustees are not subject to personal liability, except by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of trustee. Additionally, trustees are not personally liable for any neglect or wrong-doing of any officer, agent, or employee of the trust or for any act or omission of any other trustee.

 

Trustees that are singled out as experts on particular issues, such as a chair of a committee, are not held to any higher standard than their non-expert counterparts.

 

No trustee, when acting in such capacity, will be subject to any personal liability whatsoever, in his or her official or individual capacity, to any individual or entity, other than the trust or its shareholders, in connection with trust property or the affairs of the trust, save only that arising from his or her bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duty to such individual or entity; and all such individuals or entities are required to look

 

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  willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.      

solely to the trust’s property for satisfaction of claims of any nature against a trustee arising in connection with the affairs of the trust.

 

No trustee, officer or employee of the trust will be liable to the trust, shareholders of Interests therein, or to

any trustee, officer or employee thereof for any action or failure to act (including, without limitation, the failure to compel in any way any former or acting trustee to redress any breach of trust) except for his or her own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties.

Trustee Indemnification   The corporation will indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law any person made or threatened to be made a party to any action, suit or proceeding, whether criminal, civil, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer or employee of the corporation or serves or served at the request of the corporation any other enterprise as a director, officer or employee. To the fullest extent   The trust indemnifies each of its trustees against all liabilities and expenses, including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines and penalties, and attorneys’ fees incurred in connection with the defense of any civil or criminal suit or action, except with respect to any matter (i) as to which a trustee is finally adjudicated in any such action or proceeding not to have acted in good faith in reasonable belief that such trustee’s action was in the best  

The trust indemnifies and holds harmless, to the full extent that a Massachusetts business corporation would be authorized by the Massachusetts Business Corporation Act, each of its trustees against all liabilities and expenses, including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines and penalties, and attorneys’ fees incurred in connection with the defense of any civil or criminal suit or action, except with respect to any matter (i) as to which

  The trust is required to indemnify each of its trustees, officers and employees against all liabilities and expenses (including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise, as fines and penalties, and as counsel fees) reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, in which he or she may be involved or with which he or she may be threatened, while in office or thereafter, by reason of

 

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  permitted by law, expenses incurred by any such person in defending any such action, suit or proceeding will be paid or reimbursed by the corporation promptly, provided that such person agrees to repay such expenses if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation. The Articles of Incorporation may not be amended to adversely affect this protection. These provisions do not waive compliance with the Securities Act of 1933 or the 1940 Act or other valid rule, regulation or order of the SEC.  

interests of the trust; or (ii) where the trustee acted in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such trustee’s office.

 

Expenses, including counsel fees, so incurred by any such trustee (but excluding amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines or penalties) will be paid from time to time by the trust in advance of the final disposition of any such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such trustee to repay amounts so paid to the trust if it is ultimately determined that indemnification of such expenses is not authorized under the By-Laws, provided, however, that either (a) such trustee shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking,

(b) the trust shall be insured against losses arising from any such advance payments, or (c) either a majority of the disinterested trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the disinterested trustees then in office act on

 

a trustee is finally adjudicated in any such action or proceeding not to have acted in good faith in reasonable belief that such trustee’s action was in the best interests of the trust; or (ii) where the trustee acted in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such trustee’s office.

 

Expenses, including counsel fees, so incurred by any such trustee (but excluding amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines or penalties) will be paid from time to time by the trust in advance of the final disposition of any such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such trustee to repay amounts so paid to the trust if it is ultimately determined that indemnification of such expenses is not authorized under the By-Laws, provided, however, that either (a) such trustee shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking, (b) the trust shall be insured against losses arising from any such

 

his or her being or having been such a trustee, except with respect to any matter as to which he or she will have been adjudicated to have acted in bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties; provided, however, that as to any matter disposed of by a compromise payment by such trustee, pursuant to a consent decree or otherwise, no indemnification either for said payment or for any other expenses will be provided unless there has been a determination that such trustee did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office by the court or other body approving the settlement or other disposition or by a reasonable determination, based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial type inquiry), that he or she did not engage in such conduct by written opinion from independent legal counsel approved by the trustees.

 

The rights accruing to any trustee under these provisions will not

 

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    the matter), or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, will have determined, based upon a review of readily available facts, that there is reason to believe that such trustee will be found entitled to indemnification under the By-Laws.  

advance payments, or (c) either a majority of the disinterested trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the disinterested trustees then in office act on the matter), or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, will have determined, based upon a review of readily available facts, that there is reason to believe that such trustee will be found entitled to indemnification under the By-Laws.

 

exclude any other right to which he or she may be lawfully entitled; provided that no trustee may satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted by the Declaration of Trust or to which he or she may be otherwise entitled except out of the property of the trust. The trustees may make advance payments in connection with indemnification, provided that the indemnified trustee gives a written undertaking to reimburse the trust in the event it is subsequently determined that he or she is not entitled to such indemnification.

Dividends   Dividends and distributions on shares of a particular class may be paid to the holders of shares of that class at such times, in such manner and from such of the income and capital gains, accrued or realized, from the assets belonging to that class, after providing for actual and accrued liabilities belonging to that class, as the board of directors may determine.   Dividends and distributions may be paid to shareholders from the trust’s net income with the frequency as the trustees may determine.   The trustees are required to distribute periodically to the shareholders of each series of Interests an amount approximately equal to the net income of that series, determined by the trustees or as they may authorize and as provided in the Declaration of Trust. Distributions of income may be made in one or more payments, which will be in Interests, cash or otherwise, and on a date or dates and as of a record date or dates determined by the trustees. At any time and from time to time in their discretion, the

 

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        trustees also may cause to be distributed to the shareholders of any one or more series as of a record date or dates determined by the trustees, in Interests, cash or otherwise, all or part of any gains realized on the sale or disposition of the assets of the series or all or part of any other property of the trust attributable to the series. Each distribution pursuant to this provision will be made ratably according to the number of Interests of the series held by the several Holders on the record date for such distribution, except to the extent otherwise required or permitted by the preferences and special or relative rights and privileges of any classes of Interests of that series, and any distribution to the shareholders of a particular class of Interests shall be made to such Holders pro rata in proportion to the number of Interests of such class held by each of them. No distribution need be made on Interests purchased pursuant to orders received, or for which payment is made, after such time or times as the trustees may determine.

 

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Capitalization  

The total number of shares of capital stock of all series and classes which the corporation has authority to issue is 1,000,000,000 shares of the par value of $.001 per share, having an aggregate par value of $1,000,000.

 

The Board of Directors has power and authority to increase or decrease the number of shares of stock, series or class of stock, that the corporation has the authority to issue.

  The beneficial interest in the trust shall at all times be divided into an unlimited number of shares without par value.  

No dividend or distribution (including, without limitation, any distribution paid upon termination of the trust or of any series) with respect to the Interests of any series shall be effected by the trust other than from the assets of such series.

 

The number of Interests authorized is unlimited.

Number of Trustees and Vacancies  

The number of directors will never be fewer than the greater of three and the minimum number required by the MGCL (one), nor more than 20, and the tenure of a directorship will not be affected by any decrease in the number of directors.

 

Any vacancy occurring in the board of directors for any cause other than by reason of an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority of the remaining members of the board of directors, even if such majority is less

 

The trustees may fix the number of trustees, fill vacancies in the trustees, including vacancies arising from an increase in the number of trustees, or remove trustees with or without cause.

 

Shareholders may fix the number of trustees and elect trustees at any meeting of shareholders called by the trustees for that purpose and to the extent required by applicable law, including paragraphs (a) and (b) of Section 16 of the 1940 Act.

 

Each trustee serves during the continued lifetime of the trust until he or she dies,

 

The trustees may fix the number of trustees, fill vacancies in the trustees, including vacancies arising from an increase in the number of trustees, or remove trustees with or without cause.

 

Shareholders may elect trustees at any meeting of shareholders called by the trustees for that purpose and to the extent required by applicable law, including paragraphs (a) and (b) of Section 16 of the 1940 Act.

 

Each trustee serves during the continued lifetime of the trust until he or she dies, resigns or is removed, or, if sooner, until the

 

The number of trustees may be fixed from time to time by written instrument signed by a majority of the trustees so fixed then in office, provided, however, that the number of trustees will in no event be less than three or more than fifteen.

 

Any vacancy created by an increase in trustees may be filled by the appointment of an individual made by a written instrument signed by a majority of the trustees then in office. Any such appointment will not become effective, however, until the individual named in the written instrument of appointment has

 

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  than a quorum. Any vacancy occurring by reason of an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority of the entire board of directors then in office. A director elected by the board of directors to fill a vacancy will be elected to hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualifies.   resigns or is removed, or, if sooner, until the next meeting of shareholders called for the purpose of electing trustees and until the election and qualification of his or her successor.   next meeting of shareholders called for the purpose of electing trustees and until the election and qualification of his or her successor.  

accepted in writing such appointment and agreed in writing to be bound by the terms of the Declaration of Trust. No reduction in the number of trustees will have the effect of removing any trustee from office.

 

Whenever a vacancy in the number of trustees occurs, until such vacancy is filled by shareholder vote, the trustees in office, regardless of their number, will have all the powers granted to the trustees and will discharge all the duties imposed upon the trustees by the Declaration of Trust.

Non-Interested Chair of the Board   The Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws do not require an Non-Interested chair of the board of directors.   The Declaration of Trust and By-Laws do not require an Non-Interested chair of the board of trustees.  

The board of trustees are required to elect one trustee who is not an “interested person” of the trust (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act) to serve as chair of the board.

 

The chair of the board’s duties include serving as the lead Non-Interested trustee and presiding at each meeting of the Trustees as chairman of the meeting. In addition, the chair of the board has the duties and powers specified in the By-Laws and has such other duties and powers as may be determined by the trustees.

  The Declaration of Trust and By-Laws do not require an Non-Interested chair of the board of trustees.

 

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Inspection of Books and Records  

Under the MGCL, any shareholder or his agent may inspect and copy during usual business hours the corporation’s By-Laws, minutes of the proceedings of the shareholders, annual statements of affairs, and voting trust agreements on file at the corporation’s principal office.

 

In addition, one or more persons who together are and for at least six months have been shareholders of record of at least 5 percent of the outstanding stock of any class of the corporation may, in person or by agent, on written request, inspect and copy during usual business hours the corporation’s books of account and its stock ledger, present to any officer or resident agent of the corporation a written request for a statement of its affairs, and in the case of any corporation which does not maintain the original or a duplicate stock ledger at its principal office, present to any

  The original or a copy of the Declaration of Trust, and of each amendment thereto, is kept at the office of the trust where it may be inspected by any shareholder.   At each meeting of the shareholders there shall be open for inspection the minutes of the last previous meeting of shareholders of the trust and a list of the shareholders of the trust, certified to be true and correct by the Secretary or other proper agent of the trust, as of the record date of the meeting. Such list of shareholders is required to contain the name of each shareholder in alphabetical order, the shareholder’s address and Interests owned by such shareholder. Shareholders have the right to inspect books and records of the trust during normal business hours and for any purpose not harmful to the trust.

 

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officer or resident agent of the corporation a written request for a list of its shareholders.

 

The corporation’s By-Laws provides that a shareholder with the right, under applicable law, to inspect the corporation’s books of account, stock ledger, or other specified documents of the corporation has no right to make an inspection if the board of directors determines that the shareholder has an improper purpose for requesting the inspection.

     
Involuntary Redemption of Accounts  

The board of directors may, from time to time in its discretion, authorize the corporation to require the redemption of all or any part of the outstanding shares of any series or class for the proportionate interest per share in the assets of the corporation belonging to that series or class, or the cash equivalent thereof (being the net asset value per share determined as provided in the Articles of Incorporation),

  The trust has the right at its option and at any time to redeem shares of any shareholder at the net asset value thereof: (i) if at such time such shareholder owns shares of any series or class having an aggregate net asset value of less than an amount determined from time to time by the trustees; or (ii) to the extent that such shareholder owns shares equal to or in excess of a percentage determined from time to time by the trustees of the outstanding shares of the trust or of any series or class.   The trust has the right at its option and at any time to redeem Interests of any shareholder at the net asset value thereof: (a) if at such time such shareholder owns fewer Interests than, or Interests having an aggregate net asset value of less than, an amount determined from time to time by the trustees; or (b) to the extent that such shareholder owns Interests of a particular series or class of Interests equal to or in excess of a percentage of the outstanding Interests of that series or class determined

 

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upon the sending of written notice thereof to each shareholder any of whose shares are so redeemed and upon such terms and conditions as the board of directors deem advisable.

 

The board of directors may also authorize the officers of the corporation to repurchase shares of any series or class, either directly or through an agent. The price to be paid by the corporation upon any such repurchase to be determined, in the discretion of the board of directors, in accordance with applicable law.

    from time to time by the trustees; or (c) to the extent that such shareholder owns Interests of the trust representing a percentage equal to or in excess of such percentage of the aggregate number of outstanding Interests of the trust or the aggregate net asset value of the trust determined from time to time by the trustees.

 

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Exhibit D

Executive Officer and Director Information

Information regarding the current executive officers of each Company and the principal executive officer and directors of Columbia Management is shown below.

 

Name, Year of Birth and Address

  

Position with the
Companies and Year
First Elected or
Appointed to Office

  

Position with
Columbia Management
and Year First Elected
or Appointed to Office

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During the Past Five Years

Neysa M. Alecu

(Born 1964)

2934 Ameriprise Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

   Money Laundering Prevention Officer since 11/9/05 and Identity Theft Prevention Officer since 2008    None    Vice President – Compliance, Ameriprise Financial, Inc., since 2008; Anti-Money Laundering Officer and Identity Theft Prevent Officer, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) since 2008; Anti-Money Laundering Officer, Ameriprise Financial, Inc., since 2005; Compliance Director, Ameriprise Financial, Inc., 2004 – 2008

J. Kevin Connaughton

(Born 1964)

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

  

President (Principal Executive Officer)

(2010)

  

Senior Vice President and General Manager – Mutual Fund Products

(2010)

   President, Columbia Funds since 2009 (previously Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, June 2008 – January 2009); President, Atlantic Funds and Nations Funds since 2009; Managing Director of Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, December 2004 – April 2010; Treasurer, Columbia Funds, October 2003 – May 2008; Treasurer, the Liberty Funds, Stein Roe Funds and Liberty All-Start Funds, December 2000 – December 2006; Senior Vice President – Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, April 2003 – December 2004; President, Columbia Funds, Liberty Funds and Stein Roe Funds, February 2004 – October 2004

 

D-1


Table of Contents

Name, Year of Birth and Address

  

Position with the
Companies and Year
First Elected or
Appointed to Office

  

Position with
Columbia Management
and Year First Elected
or Appointed to Office

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During the Past Five Years

Jeffrey P. Fox

(Born 1955)

105 Ameriprise Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

  

Treasurer

(2002)

   None    Chief Financial Officer, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, LLC (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) and of Seligman Data Corp. since 2008; Vice President – Investment Accounting, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since 2002; Chief Financial Officer, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. since 2006

Amy K. Johnson

(Born 1965)

5228 Ameriprise

Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

  

Vice President

(2006)

  

Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

(2010)

   Chief Administrative Officer, Columbia Management, 2009 – April 2010 (previously Vice President – Asset Management and Trust Company Services, 2006 – 2009 and Vice President – Operations and Compliance, 2004 – 2006); Senior Vice President, Columbia Funds, Atlantic Funds and Nations Funds since May 2010; Director of Product Development – Mutual Funds, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. 2001 – 2004

Michael A. Jones

(Born 1959)

100 Federal Street

Boston, MA 02110

  

Vice President

(2010)

  

Director and President

(2010)

   President and Director, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. since May 2010; Manager, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, Columbia Management Advisors, LLC from 2007 to April 2010; Chief Executive Officer, President and Director, Columbia Management Distributors, Inc. from November 2006 to April 2010; previously, co-president and senior managing director at Robeco Investment Management.

 

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Table of Contents

Name, Year of Birth and Address

  

Position with the
Companies and Year
First Elected or
Appointed to Office

  

Position with
Columbia Management
and Year First Elected
or Appointed to Office

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During the Past Five Years

Colin Moore

(Born 1958)

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

  

Senior Vice President

(2010)

  

Director and Chief Investment Officer

(2010)

   Manager, Managing Director and Chief Investment Officer of Columbia Management Advisors, LLC from 2007 to April 2010; Head of Equities, Columbia Management Advisors, LLC from 2002 to 2007.

Scott R. Plummer

(Born 1959)

5228 Ameriprise

Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

  

Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

(2006)

  

Vice President and Chief Legal Officer

(2005)

   Vice President and Lead Chief Counsel – Asset Management, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since May 2010 (previously Vice President and Chief Counsel – Asset Management, from 2005 to April 2010, and Vice President – Asset Management Compliance from 2004 to 2005); Vice President, Chief Counsel and Assistant Secretary, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. since 2008; Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, Ameriprise Certificate Company since 2005; Chief Counsel, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. since 2006; Senior Vice President, Secretary and Chief Legal Officer, Columbia Funds, since 2010; Senior Vice President, Secretary and Chief Legal Officer, Columbia Funds, since May 2010.

 

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Table of Contents

Name, Year of Birth and Address

  

Position with the
Companies and Year
First Elected or
Appointed to Office

  

Position with
Columbia Management
and Year First Elected
or Appointed to Office

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During the Past Five Years

William F. Truscott

(Born 1960)

5228 Ameriprise

Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

   Board member (2001); Senior Vice President (2010)   

Chairman of the Board

(2010)

   President, Chairman of the Board and Chief Investment Officer, 2001– April 2010); Senior Vice president, Atlantic Funds, Columbia Funds and Nations Funds since May 2010; Chief Executive Officer, U.S. Asset Management & President – Annuities, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since May 2010 (previously President – U.S. Asset Management and Chief Investment Officer, 2005-April 2010 and Senior Vice President – Chief Investment Officer, 2001-2005); Director, President and Chief Executive Officer, Ameriprise Certificate Company since 2006; Director, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) since May 2010 (previously Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, 2008-April 2010); Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. since 2006

Linda J. Wondrack

(Born 1964)

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

  

Vice President

(2010)

  

Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer

(2010)

   Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer, Columbia Funds, since 2007; Director (Columbia Management Group, LLC and Investment Product Group Compliance), Bank of America, from June 2005 to April 2010; Director of Corporate Compliance and Conflicts Officer of MFS Investment Management (investment management) from August 2004 to May 2005.

Name and Address

  

Principal Occupation

Brian J. McGrane

Columbia Management Investment Advisers

5228 Ameriprise Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

   Director, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Columbia Management.

 

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Exhibit E

Director Compensation

Total directors’ fees paid by each Board Election Fund and by the Combined Fund Complex to the Non-Interested Directors/Trustees and Interested Directors/Trustee are listed below for each Board Election Fund’s last fiscal year. No director listed below received pension or retirement benefits accrued as part of any Board Election Fund’s expenses in any Board Election Fund’s last fiscal year. All directors receive reimbursements for reasonable expenses related to their attendance at meetings of the Columbia RiverSource Board or standing Committees, which are not reflected in the amounts shown.

Non-Interested Director Compensation from Board Election Funds

 

Fund

   Blatz      Carlson      Carlton      Flynn      Jones      Laikind  
                 

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

     *         *         *         *         *         *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A   

Seligman Capital Portfolio

     *         *         *         *         *         *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

     *         *         *         *         *         *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

     *         *         *         *         *         *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A   

 

* The funds-of-funds do not pay additional compensation to the directors for attending meetings. Compensation is paid directly from the affiliated underlying funds in which each fund-of-funds invests.

 

Fund

   Lewis      Maher      Paglia      Richie      Taunton-
Rigby
 
              

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

     *         *         *         *         *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A   

Seligman Capital Portfolio

     *         *         *         *         *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

     *         *         *         *         *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

     *         *         *         *         *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A         N/A   

 

* The funds-of-funds do not pay additional compensation to the directors for attending meetings. Compensation is paid directly from the affiliated underlying funds in which each fund-of-funds invests.

 

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Table of Contents

Interested Director Compensation from Board Election Funds

 

Fund

   Truscott  
  

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

     *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A   

Seligman Capital Portfolio

     *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

     *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

     *   

Amount Deferred

     N/A   

 

* The funds-of-funds do not pay additional compensation to the directors for attending meetings. Compensation is paid directly from the affiliated underlying funds in which each fund-of-funds invests.

Aggregate Non-Interested Director Compensation for Calendar Year Ended December 31, 2009

 

     Total Compensation  from
the Combined Fund Complex
Paid to Non-Interested Directors
for Calendar Year Ended
December 31, 20091
 

Kathleen Blatz

   $ 172,500   

Arne H. Carlson

   $ 177,500   

Pamela G. Carlton2

   $ 160,000   

Patricia M. Flynn3

   $ 165,000   

Anne P. Jones

   $ 172,500   

Jeffrey Laikind4

   $ 160,000   

Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.5

   $ 400,000   

John F. Maher6

   $ 155,000   

Catherine James Paglia

   $ 177,500   

Leroy C. Richie

   $ 165,000   

Alison Taunton-Rigby

   $ 165,000   

 

1

Director compensation is a combination of a base fee and meeting fees, with the exception of the Chairman of the Board, who receives a base annual compensation.

2

During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Ms. Carlton deferred $64,000 of her total compensation from the Combined Fund Complex pursuant to the Deferred Plan. As of September 30, 2010, the value of Ms. Carlton’s account under that plan was $17,500.

3

During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Ms. Flynn deferred $49,500 of her total compensation from the Combined Fund Complex pursuant to the Deferred Plan. As of September 30, 2010, the value of Ms. Flynn’s account under that plan was $97,500.

4

During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Laikind deferred $0 of his total compensation from the Combined Fund Complex pursuant to the Deferred Plan. As of September 30, 2010, the value of Mr. Laikind’s account under that plan was $122,813.

5

During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Lewis deferred $60,000 of his total compensation from the Combined Fund Complex pursuant to the Deferred Plan. As of September 30, 2010, the value of Mr. Lewis account under that plan was $79,500.

6

During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Maher deferred $ 155,000 of his total compensation from the Combined Fund Complex pursuant to the Deferred Plan. As of September 30, 2010, the value of Mr. Maher account under that plan was $202,500.

Aggregate Interested Director Compensation for Calendar Year Ended December 31, 2009

 

     Total Compensation  from
the Combined Fund Complex
Paid to Interested Director
for the Calendar Year
Ended December 31, 2009
 

William F. Truscott

   $ 0   

 

E-2


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Exhibit F

Share Ownership of Nominees

As of September 30, 2010, the Nominees and officers of the Company, as a group, beneficially owned less than 1% of each class of shares of each Board Election Fund. The table below shows, for each Nominee, the amount of shares of each Board Election Fund beneficially owned by the Nominee. It also shows the aggregate value of all investments in shares of the Combined Fund Complex overseen or to be overseen by the Nominees, including notional amounts through a deferred compensation agreement. Ownership information is presented in the following ranges: A = $0; B = $1-$10,000; C = $10,001-$50,000; D = $50,001-$100,000; and E = more than $100,000.

Non-Interested Nominee Ownership as of September 30, 2010

 

Fund

   Kathleen
Blatz
     Edward J.
Boudreau, Jr.
     Pamela G.
Carlton
    William P.
Carmichael
     Patricia M.
Flynn
    William A.
Hawkins
 

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

     A         A         A        A         A        A   

Seligman Capital Portfolio

     A         A         A        A         A        A   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

     A         A         A        A         A        A   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

     A         A         A        A         A        A   

Aggregate Dollar Range of Shares in all Funds in the Combined Fund Complex Overseen or to be Overseen by the Nominee

     E         E         E     E         E     A   

 

* Total includes deferred compensation invested in share equivalents

 

Fund

   R. Glenn
Hilliard
     Stephen R.
Lewis, Jr.
    John F.
Maher
    John J.
Nagorniak
     Catherine
James Paglia
    Leroy C.
Richie
 

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

     A         A        A        A         A        A   

Seligman Capital Portfolio

     A         A        A        A         A        A   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

     A         A        A        A         A        A   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

     A         A        A        A         A        A   

Aggregate Dollar Range of Shares in all Funds in the Combined Fund Complex Overseen or to be Overseen by the Nominee

     E         E     E     E         E     E   

 

* Total includes deferred compensation invested in share equivalents

 

Fund

   Alison
Taunton-Rigby
     Minor M.
Shaw
 

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

     A         A   

Seligman Capital Portfolio

     A         A   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

     A         A   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

     A         A   

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

     A         A   

Aggregate Dollar Range of Shares in all Funds in the Combined Fund Complex Overseen or to be Overseen by the Nominee

     E         E   

 

F-1


Table of Contents

Interested Nominee Ownership as of September 30, 2010

 

Fund

   William F.
Truscott
     Anthony M.
Santomero
 

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

     A         A   

Seligman Capital Portfolio

     A         A   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

     A         A   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

     A         A   

Aggregate Dollar Range of Shares in all Funds in the Combined Fund Complex Overseen or to be Overseen by the Nominee

     E         E   

 

F-2


Table of Contents

Exhibit G

Columbia RiverSource Funds Board — Governance Committee Charter

Introduction

The Board of Directors/Trustees of each RiverSource Fund (the “Board”) is responsible for protecting the interests of each RiverSource Fund (each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”) and its shareholders. In this connection, the Board has established a Board Governance Committee (the “Committee”). The Board has adopted this Board Governance Committee Charter (the “Charter”) for purposes of delineating the scope of the Committee’s authority and responsibility, and defining key attributes of the Committee and its members.

Committee Purpose

The mission of the Committee under this Charter is to review and oversee Fund governance matters, including protecting and furthering the interest of the Funds and their shareholders on external matters.

Committee Authority and Responsibilities

To carry out its purpose, the Committee shall have the following powers and duties:

 

   

Governance Matters

 

  ¡  

Make recommendations to the Board on:

 

   

The responsibilities and duties of the Board;

 

   

The criteria to be used to determine the size and structure of the Board, and the background and characteristics of Independent Directors/Trustees of the Board (the “Independent Directors”);

 

   

The persons to serve as Board members based on approved criteria whenever necessary to fill a vacancy or in conjunction with a regular meeting of shareholders in which nominees are required to be submitted for a vote of shareholders;

 

   

The process for conducting the annual evaluation of the Board’s performance;

 

   

The nomination of the Board Chair, the members to serve on each committee of the Board, and the member who should serve as Chair of each committee; and

 

   

The compensation to be paid to the Independent Directors.

 

  ¡  

Have one or more of its members meet personally with each candidate for Board membership to evaluate the candidate’s ability to work effectively with other members of the Board, while also exercising independent judgment.

 

  ¡  

Consider the individual professional and personal backgrounds of each Board candidate or nominee and assess how those would fit into the mix of experiences represented by the then-current Board.

 

  ¡  

Oversee the proxy voting policies and procedures with respect to voting proxies relating to portfolio securities.

 

  ¡  

Assist the Board Chair in furthering the interests of the Funds and their shareholders with respect to matters involving regulatory, governmental and investor organizations.

 

   

Reporting to Board

 

  ¡  

The Committee shall report quarterly to the Board, or more frequently as appropriate, on matters considered, conclusions reached, and action taken by the Committee. Recommendations to the Board or action recommended to be taken by the Board will be at the discretion of the Committee members and the Committee Chair.

 

G-1


Table of Contents

The Committee shall be assigned such additional areas of responsibility as appropriate to assist the Board in meeting its fiduciary duties in an efficient and effective manner.

The members of the Committee shall serve as the directors of Board Services Corporation (“BSC”) as provided by the Operating Guidelines of BSC.

Committee Operations

The agenda for each Committee meeting shall be prepared under the direction and control of the Chair.

The Committee shall ordinarily meet in person; however, members may attend telephonically, and the Committee may act by written consent, to the extent permitted by law and by the Funds’ bylaws.

The Committee shall have the authority to meet privately and to admit non-members individually.

The Committee shall prepare and retain minutes of its meetings and appropriate documentation of decisions made outside of meetings by delegated authority.

The Committee shall evaluate its performance at least annually.

Committee Membership

The Committee shall be comprised exclusively of Independent Directors. Each member of the Committee, including the Chair, will be appointed by the vote of a majority of the Independent Directors then serving on the Board. Members of the Committee will serve at the pleasure of the Independent Directors on the Board.

Meetings

The Committee meets on the dates established on an annual agenda. The Committee may hold additional meetings as called by the Committee Chair, the Board Chair, or any two members of the Committee. A majority of the Committee will constitute a quorum. Every act done or decision made by a majority of the Committee members present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present will be regarded as the act of the Committee. At each meeting, the Committee will hold an executive session for Committee members and Independent Counsel only.

Miscellaneous

The Committee will have the resources and authority appropriate to discharge its responsibilities, including authority to retain experts or consultants, subject to the approval of the Independent Directors.

The Committee will review this Charter periodically, and will recommend any changes to the Board. The Board will initially review this Charter, and thereafter will review any material changes to this Charter recommended by the Committee. Board approval is required for initial adoption and any material changes to this Charter.

Effective Date

Adopted by the Board on January 10, 2008, amended on November 12, 2009 and further amended on January 13, 2010.

 

G-2

M-BOOK 12


Table of Contents

 

COLUMBIA FUNDS      LOGO    
JOINT SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON FEBRUARY 15, 2011   

The undersigned shareholder of the Fund or Funds named below hereby acknowledges receipt of the Notice of a Joint Special Meeting of Shareholders and Combined Proxy Statement/Prospectus for the Joint Special Meeting of Shareholders (the “Meeting”) to be held at 1:00 p.m., Eastern time, on February 15, 2011, at One Financial Center, 5th Floor Conference Room A, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, and, revoking any previous proxies, hereby appoints J. Kevin Connaughton, Michael Clarke, Marybeth Pilat, Joseph F. DiMaria, Julian Quero, Scott R. Plummer, Christopher O. Petersen and Ryan C. Larrenaga (or any of them) as proxies for the undersigned, with full power of substitution in each of them, to attend the Meeting and any adjournments or postponements thereof and to cast on behalf of the undersigned all the votes the undersigned is entitled to cast at the Meeting and otherwise to represent the undersigned at the Meeting with all the powers possessed by the undersigned if personally present at the Meeting. Capitalized terms in this proxy card that are otherwise undefined have the meanings set forth in the Combined Proxy Statement/Prospectus.

YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT. Mark, sign, date and return this proxy card as soon as possible.

 

  VOTE VIA THE INTERNET: www.proxy-direct.com   
 

VOTE VIA THE TELEPHONE: 1-866-241-6192

 

  

   
                                 
 

Note: Please sign exactly as your name(s) appear(s) on this proxy card, and date it. When shares are held jointly, each holder should sign. When signing in a representative capacity, please give title.

 

    

 

Signature

 

  

 

Additional Signature (if held jointly)

 

  

  Date         2011   
          CFS_22079_MB12V_122110   

 

FUND

  

FUND

  

FUND

Fundname Drop-In 1

   Fundname Drop-In 2    Fundname Drop-In 3

Fundname Drop-In 4

   Fundname Drop-In 5    Fundname Drop-In 6

VOTING OPTIONS

Read your Combined Proxy Statement/Prospectus and have it at hand when voting.

 

LOGO

THIS PROXY CARD IS VALID ONLY WHEN SIGNED AND DATED ABOVE.


Table of Contents

THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD

THE BOARD(S) RECOMMENDS A VOTE FOR EACH OF THE PROPOSAL(S) LISTED BELOW. THIS PROXY CARD, WHEN PROPERLY EXECUTED, WILL BE VOTED IN THE MANNER DIRECTED BELOW AND, ABSENT DIRECTION, WILL BE VOTED FOR EACH OF THE PROPOSALS LISTED BELOW. THE PROXIES ARE ALSO AUTHORIZED TO VOTE UPON ANY OTHER BUSINESS THAT MAY PROPERLY COME BEFORE THE MEETING OR ANY ADJOURNMENTS OR POSTPONEMENTS THEREOF, INCLUDING ANY ADJOURNMENT(S) NECESSARY TO OBTAIN QUORUMS AND/OR APPROVALS.

PLEASE MARK BOXES BELOW IN BLUE OR BLACK INK AS FOLLOWS. Example: ¢

 

¨ To vote FOR all Proposals for your Fund or Funds, mark this box. No other vote is necessary.

 

 

1.

To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization between Columbia S&P 500 ® Index Fund, Variable Series and RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund.

 

Fundname Drop-In 1

   FOR

¨

   AGAINST

¨

   ABSTAIN

¨

  

 

2. To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization between Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series and Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund.

 

Fundname Drop-In 1

   FOR

¨

   AGAINST

¨

   ABSTAIN

¨

  

 

3. To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization between Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund.

 

Fundname Drop-In 1

   FOR

¨

   AGAINST

¨

   ABSTAIN

¨

  

 

4. To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization between Seligman Capital Portfolio and Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series.

 

Fundname Drop-In 1

   FOR

¨

   AGAINST

¨

   ABSTAIN

¨

  

 

5. To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization between Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund.

 

Fundname Drop-In 1

   FOR

¨

   AGAINST

¨

   ABSTAIN

¨

  

 

6. To approve an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization between Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio and Seligman Global Technology Portfolio.

 

Fundname Drop-In 1

   FOR

¨

   AGAINST

¨

   ABSTAIN

¨

  

 

7. To elect directors/trustees to the Board. To withhold authority to vote for any individual nominee(s) mark the “For All Except” and write the nominee number(s) on the line provided.

 

01. Kathleen Blatz    02. Edward J. Boudreau, Jr.    03. Pamela G. Carlton    04. William P. Carmichael
05. Patricia M. Flynn    06. William A. Hawkins    07. R. Glenn Hilliard    08. Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.
09. John F. Maher    10. John J. Nagorniak    11. Catherine James Paglia    12. Leroy C. Richie
13. Anthony M. Santomero    14. Minor M. Shaw    15. Alison Taunton-Rigby    16. William F. Truscott

 

    

FOR

ALL

     WITHHOLD
ALL
   FOR ALL
EXCEPT
            FOR
ALL
     WITHHOLD
ALL
   FOR ALL
EXCEPT

Fundname Drop-In 1

   ¨      ¨              ¨                     Fundname Drop-In 2    ¨      ¨          ¨                  

Fundname Drop-In 3

   ¨      ¨              ¨                    Fundname Drop-In 4    ¨      ¨          ¨                  

Fundname Drop-In 5

   ¨      ¨              ¨                    Fundname Drop-In 6    ¨      ¨          ¨                  

Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Meeting

to be held on February 15, 2011.

The Combined Proxy Statement/Prospectus for the Meeting and the

Notice of a Joint Special Meeting of Shareholders are available at:

https://www.proxy-direct.com/col22079

EVERY VOTE IS IMPORTANT! PLEASE VOTE TODAY USING ONE OF THE FOUR AVAILABLE OPTIONS!

CFS_22079_MB12V_122110


Table of Contents

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

December 20, 2010

This Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) relates to the following proposed reorganizations (the “Reorganizations”):

 

  (1)

Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series, a series of Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust (a “Selling Fund”) into RiverSource Variable Portfolio—S&P 500 Index Fund, a series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust (a “Buying Fund”).

 

  (2) Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series, a series of Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust (a “Selling Fund”) into Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, a series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust (a “Buying Fund”).

 

  (3) Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, a series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. (a “Selling Fund”) into Seligman Variable Portfolio—Larger-Cap Value Fund, a series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust (a “Buying Fund”).

 

  (4) Seligman Capital Portfolio, a series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. (a “Selling Fund”) into Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series, a series of Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust I (a “Buying Fund”).

 

  (5) Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio, a series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. (a “Selling Fund”) into Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund, a series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust (a “Buying Fund”).

 

  (6)

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, a series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. (a “Selling Fund”) into Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, a series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust1 (a “Buying Fund”).

This SAI contains information which may be of interest to shareholders of the Selling Funds but which is not included in the combined Prospectus/Proxy Statement dated December 20, 2010 (the “Proxy Statement/Prospectus”) which relates to the Reorganizations. As described in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, the Reorganizations would involve the transfer of all the assets of each Selling Fund in exchange for shares of the corresponding Buying Fund and the assumption of all the liabilities of each Selling Fund by the corresponding Buying Fund. Each Selling Fund would distribute the Buying Fund shares it receives to its shareholders in complete liquidation of each Selling Fund.

This SAI is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the Proxy Statement/Prospectus. The Proxy Statement/Prospectus has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is available upon request and without charge by writing to each Buying Fund at c/o Columbia Management Investment Services Corp., P.O. Box 8081, Boston, MA 02266-8081 or calling 800.345.6611.

 

1. The Board of Seligman Portfolios, Inc. has approved the redomiciling of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, a series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc., into a newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust that has also been named Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (the “Redomiciling”). The Redomiciling is subject to approval by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio. If the Redomiciling is approved by shareholders of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, it is expected that the Redomiciling will occur prior to the Reorganizations, in which case the Buying Fund will be the newly created series of RiverSource Variable Series Trust. If the Redomiciling has not been completed prior to the closing of the Reorganization, the Buying Fund will be the existing series of Seligman Portfolios, Inc.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Additional Information about Each Buying Fund      1   

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms

     1   

Financial Statements

     2   

Appendix A—Statement of Additional Information of RiverSource Variable Portfolio—S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Larger-Cap Value Fund and Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund

     A-1   

Appendix B—Statement of Additional Information of Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

     B-1   

Appendix C—Statement of Additional Information of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

     C-1   

Appendix D—Pro Forma Financial Statements of RiverSource Variable Portfolio—S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Larger-Cap Value Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund, Seligman Global Technology Portfolio and Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

     D-1   

 

i


Table of Contents

Additional Information about Each Buying Fund

Attached hereto as Appendix A is the Statement of Additional Information of RiverSource Variable Portfolio—S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Larger-Cap Value Fund and Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund, dated April 30, 2010, amended and restated May 1, 2010 as supplemented (the “RiverSource SAI”).

Attached hereto as Appendix B is the Statement of Additional Information of Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series, dated April 29, 2010, as supplemented (the “Columbia SAI”).

Attached hereto as Appendix C is the Statement of Additional Information of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio dated April 30, 2010, amended and restated May 1, 2010, as supplemented (the “Seligman SAI”).

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms

Ernst & Young LLP, 220 South 6th Street, Suite 1400, Minneapolis, MN 55402-3900 is the independent registered public accounting firm for RiverSource Variable Portfolio—S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Larger-Cap Value Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund and Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, providing audit and other accounting and tax-related services as requested by the fund. The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Financial Highlights and Financial Statements included in the Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 and the unaudited Financial Highlights and Financial Statements included in the Semiannual Report to Shareholders for the period ended June 30, 2010 for each of RiverSource Variable Portfolio—S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Larger-Cap Value Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund, and Seligman Global Technology Portfolio are incorporated by reference into this SAI.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, located at 125 High Street, Boston, MA 02110-1707 is the independent registered public accounting firm for Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series, providing audit and other accounting and tax-related services as requested by the fund. The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Financial Highlights and Financial Statements included in Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series’s Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 and the unaudited Financial Highlights and Financial Statements included in its Semiannual Report to Shareholders for the period ended June 30, 2010 are incorporated by reference into this SAI.

The audited financial statements for RiverSource Variable Portfolio—S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Larger-Cap Value Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund and Seligman Global Technology Portfolio for the fiscal years ended on or after December 31, 2007 incorporated by reference into this SAI have been so included and incorporated in reliance upon the reports of Ernst & Young LLP, included in their respective Annual Reports to Shareholders and given on their authority as experts in auditing and accounting, except for the information for the periods ended on or before December 31, 2006 which was audited by other auditors. The audited financial statements for Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series included in its Annual Report to Shareholders and incorporated by reference into this SAI have been so included and incorporated in reliance upon the reports of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, given on their authority as experts in auditing and accounting. The audited financial statements for Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series and Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series included in such Funds’ Annual Reports to Shareholders dated December 31, 2009 and incorporated by reference into the Proxy Statement/Prospectus have been so included and incorporated in reliance upon the reports of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP given on their authority as experts in auditing and accounting. The audited financial statements for Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio, Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio included in such Funds’ Annual Reports to Shareholders dated December 31, 2009 and incorporated by reference into the Proxy Statement/Prospectus have been so included and incorporated in reliance upon the reports of Ernst & Young LLP given on their authority as experts in auditing and accounting, except the financial statements for periods ended on or before December 31, 2008, which were audited by other auditors.

 

1


Table of Contents

Financial Statements

Pro forma financial statements of the Buying Funds for the Reorganizations are attached hereto as Appendix C.

Federal Income Tax

Congress has passed the Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010 (H.R. 4337). The bill will change some of the tax rules applicable to regulated investment companies by altering the use and expiration of capital loss carryforwards, providing cures for certain asset and income test failures, smoothing the operation of certain provisions, and eliminating requirements no longer thought to be necessary. Congress also has passed the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization and Job Creation Act of 2010 (H.R. 4853), extending for two years several provisions otherwise expired or due to expire, including reductions of individual income tax rates, special treatment of qualified dividend income, and exemptions from withholding for foreign shareholders. As of December 16, 2010, both bills await presidential signature; their provisions are not reflected in the one or more Statements of Additional Information appended to this SAI.

 

2


Table of Contents

Appendix A—Statement of Additional Information of Statement of Additional Information of RiverSource Variable

Portfolio—S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Larger-Cap Value Fund

and Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund

 

A-1


Table of Contents

Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Supplement Dated October 20, 2010*

 

Fund Name

   Prospectus Form # (date)      SAI Form # (date)  

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Mid Cap Growth Fund

     S-6466-99 (4/30/10)         S-6466-20 (4/30/10)   

In September 2010, in connection with various initiatives to integrate the legacy Columbia Funds and legacy RiverSource Funds (the combined fund family), for which Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (CMIA) serves as investment manager and sponsor, the Board of Trustees of Variable Portfolio —Davis New York Venture Fund (the Fund) approved, subject to approval by shareholders, an amended investment management services agreement (IMSA) that would eliminate the Fund’s performance incentive adjustment (PIA), which was designed to increase or decrease the Fund’s fees payable under its IMSA based upon the Fund’s performance measured over a rolling period against its reference performance index.

Most funds in the combined fund family do not currently have a PIA, and elimination of the PIA would be consistent with the implementation of standardized fee schedules for similar funds in the combined fund family, based on a consistent pricing model.

Furthermore, effective October 1, 2010, CMIA has agreed that for a transitional period of 6 months (which is equal to half of the Fund’s rolling performance fee calculation period), the Fund will compensate CMIA at the lower of: (i) the fee calculated under the proposed IMSA (i.e. without the PIA), or (ii) the fee calculated under the current IMSA (including any applicable negative PIA), regardless of whether the proposal to amend the IMSA to eliminate the PIA (the IMSA Proposal) is ultimately approved by Fund shareholders. Under the current IMSA, the Fund’s fees payable to CMIA may increase or decrease based on the PIA which is computed by comparing the Fund’s performance to the performance of the Lipper Large-Cap Core Funds Index, with a maximum allowable adjustment (increase or decrease) of 0.12% of the Fund’s average net assets on an annual basis.

The IMSA Proposal is subject to approval by Fund shareholders at a meeting expected to be held in the first half of 2011. More information about the IMSA Proposal will be included in proxy materials that are currently anticipated to be distributed to shareholders in early 2011. If approved by Fund shareholders, the IMSA Proposal is expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011.

S-6466-151 A (10/10)

 

* Valid until next update.


Table of Contents

Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Supplement Dated October 20, 2010*

 

Fund Name

   Prospectus Form # (date)      SAI Form # (date)  

Variable Portfolio —Davis New York Venture Fund

     S-6466-99 (4/30/10)         S-6466-20 (4/30/10)   

In September 2010, in connection with various initiatives to integrate the legacy Columbia Funds and legacy RiverSource Funds (the combined fund family), for which Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (CMIA) serves as investment manager and sponsor, the Board of Trustees of RiverSource Variable Portfolio —Mid Cap Growth Fund (the Fund) approved, subject to approval by shareholders, an amended investment management services agreement (IMSA) that would eliminate the Fund’s performance incentive adjustment (PIA), which was designed to increase or decrease the Fund’s fees payable under its IMSA based upon the Fund’s performance measured over a rolling period against its reference performance index.

Most funds in the combined fund family do not currently have a PIA, and elimination of the PIA would be consistent with the implementation of standardized fee schedules for similar funds in the combined fund family, based on a consistent pricing model.

Furthermore, effective October 1, 2010, CMIA has agreed that for a transitional period of 6 months (which is equal to half of the Fund’s rolling performance fee calculation period), the Fund will compensate CMIA at the lower of: (i) the fee calculated under the proposed IMSA (i.e., without the PIA), or (ii) the fee calculated under the current IMSA (including any applicable negative PIA), regardless of whether the proposal to amend the IMSA to eliminate the PIA (the IMSA Proposal) is ultimately approved by Fund shareholders. Under the current IMSA, the Fund’s fees payable to CMIA may increase or decrease based on the PIA which is computed by comparing the Fund’s performance to the performance of the Lipper Mid-Cap Growth Funds Index, with a maximum allowable adjustment (increase or decrease) of 0.12% of the Fund’s average net assets on an annual basis.

The IMSA Proposal is subject to approval by Fund shareholders at a meeting expected to be held in the first half of 2011. More information about the IMSA Proposal will be included in proxy materials that are currently anticipated to be distributed to shareholders in early 2011. If approved by Fund shareholders, the IMSA Proposal is expected to be effective in the second quarter of 2011.

S-6466-150 A (10/10)

 

* Valid until next update.


Table of Contents

Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Supplement — Sept. 30, 2010*

 

Fund

   SAI Dated  

Columbia Emerging Markets Opportunity Fund

     Sept. 27, 2010   

Columbia Inflation Protected Securities Fund

     Sept. 27, 2010   

Columbia Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund

     Sept. 27, 2010   

Columbia U.S. Government Mortgage Fund

     Sept. 27, 2010   

RiverSource Intermediate Tax-Exempt Fund

     Sept. 27, 2010   

RiverSource Short-Duration U.S. Government Fund

     Sept. 27, 2010   

RiverSource Tax-Exempt High Income Fund

     Sept. 27, 2010   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Global Inflation Protected Securities Fund

     April 30, 2010   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Short Duration U.S. Government Fund

     April 30, 2010   

Seligman National Municipal Class

     Sept. 27, 2010   

Threadneedle Variable Portfolio — Emerging Markets Fund

     April 30, 2010   

Effective Oct. 1, 2010, Table 19. Portfolio Managers, for Columbia Emerging Markets Opportunity Fund, Columbia Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund, Columbia U.S. Government Mortgage Fund, RiverSource Intermediate Tax-Exempt Fund, RiverSource Short Duration U.S. Government Fund, RiverSource Tax-Exempt High Income Fund and Seligman National Municipal Class is revised as follows:

Reporting provided as of fiscal year end, unless otherwise noted:

 

     Portfolio Manager     Other Accounts Managed (excluding the fund)     Ownership
of Fund
Shares
    Potential
Conflicts of
Interest
    Structure of
Compensation
 

Fund

    Number and
type of
account(a)
    Approximate
Total Net
Assets
    Performance
Based
Accounts(b)
       

For funds with fiscal period ending May 31

  

         

Columbia U.S.

Government Mortgage

    Jason J. Callan       
4 RICs
  
  $
1.84 billion
  
    None        None     

 

(2

    (23
      3 other accounts      $ 0.34 million           
               
    Tom Heuer       
4 RICs
  
  $
1.84 billion
  
    None        None       
      2 other accounts      $ 0.40 million           
       

RiverSource Short

    Leonard A. Aplet(c)        11 RICs      $ 2.90 billion        None        None        (3     (32

Duration U.S.

      8 PIVs      $ 3.56 billion           

Government

      85 other accounts      $ 10.93 billion           
               
    Gregory S. Liechty(c)        1 RICs      $ 2.48 billion        None        None       
      13 other accounts      $ 71.3 million           
               
    Ronald B. Stahl(c)        11 RICs      $ 2.90 billion        None        None       
      6 PIVs      $ 785.66 million           
      53 other accounts      $ 3.88 billion           
       

For funds with fiscal period ending July 31

  

         

Columbia Inflation

    Nicholas Pifer(c)        6 RICs      $ 4.67 billion        None        None        (2     (23

Protected Securities

      3 PIVs      $ 21.58 million           
      19 other accounts      $ 4.99 billion           
               
    Vishal Khanduja        1 RIC      $ 2.24 billion        None        None       
      3 other accounts      $ 0.09 million           
       

For funds with fiscal period ended August 31

  

         

Columbia Minnesota

    Catherine Stienstra        10 RICs      $ 4.18 billion        None        None        (2     (27

Tax-Exempt

      8 other accounts      $ 6.35 billion           
               
    Mary Grindland(d)        1 RIC      $ 67.34 million        None        None       

For funds with fiscal period ended September 30

  

         

Seligman National

    Kimberly Campbell(c)        7 RICs      $ 3.4 billion        None        None        (3     (32

Municipal

      18 other accounts      $ 0.93 million           
       

For funds with fiscal period ended October 31

  

         

Columbia Emerging

    Threadneedle:               

Markets Opportunity

    Vanessa Donegan(c)        2 PIVs      $ 1.96 billion        1 other        None (e)      (14     (43
      6 other accounts      $ 2.76 billion        ($156.61 M)         
               
    Rafael Polatinsky(c)       

 

1 PIV

3 other accounts

  

  

  $

$

224.26 million

554.09 million

  

  

    None         
       

For funds with fiscal period ended November 30

  

         

RiverSource Intermediate

    Brian M. McGreevy (c)      7 RICs      $ 4.20 billion        None        None        (3     (32

Tax-Exempt

      7 other accounts      $ 640.57 million           
       

RiverSource Tax-Exempt

    Kimberly Campbell (c)      7 RICs      $ 3.4 billion        None        None        (3     (32

High Income

      18 other accounts      $ 0.93 million           
       

 

(a) RIC refers to a Registered Investment Company (each series or portfolio of a RIC is treated as a separate RIC); PIV refers to a Pooled Investment Vehicle.
(b) Number of accounts for which the advisory fee paid is based in part or wholly on performance and the aggregate net assets in those accounts.
(c) Portfolio manager began managing the fund effective Oct. 1, 2010; reporting is provided as of Aug. 31, 2010
(d) Portfolio manager began managing the fund effective Oct. 1, 2010; reporting is provided as of July 31, 2010
(e) The fund is available for sale only in the U.S. The portfolio managers do not reside in the U.S. and therefore do not hold any shares of the fund.

The rest of this section remains the same.


Table of Contents

Effective Oct. 1, 2010, Table 16. Portfolio Managers, is revised as follows for RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Global Inflation Protected Securities Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Short Duration U.S. Government Fund and Threadneedle Variable Portfolio — Emerging Markets Fund:

Reporting provided as of Dec. 31, 2009, unless otherwise noted:

 

   

Portfolio Manager

 

Other Accounts Managed (excluding the fund)

    Ownership
of Fund
Shares
    Potential
Conflicts of
Interest
    Structure of
Compensation
 

Fund

   

Number and type
of account(a)

  Approximate
Total Net
Assets
    Performance
Based
Accounts(b)
       

Emerging Markets

  Threadneedle:            
  Vanessa Donegan(d)   2 PIVs   $ 1.96 billion        1 other        None        (2     (14
    6 other accounts   $ 2.76 billion        ($156.61 M)         
             
  Rafael Polatinsky(d)   1 PIV   $ 224.26 million        None         
    3 other accounts   $ 554.09 million           
     
Global Inflation   Nicholas Pifer   5 RICs   $ 2.77 billion        None        None        (1     (12

Protected

    3 PIVs   $ 30.18 million           

Securities

    17 other accounts(e)   $ 4.60 billion           
             
  Vishal Khanduja(f)   1 RIC   $ 616.18 million        None         
             
  Hong Ho(f)   None     N/A        N/A         
     

Short Duration

  Leonard A. Aplet(d)   11 RICs   $ 2.90 billion        None        None        (10     (24

U.S. Government

    8 PIVs   $ 3.56 billion           
    85 other accounts   $ 10.93 billion           
             
  Gregory S. Liechty(d)   1 RICs   $ 2.48 billion        None         
    13 other accounts   $ 71.3 million           
             
  Ronald B. Stahl(d)   11 RICs   $ 2.90 billion        None         
    6 PIVs   $ 785.66 million           
    53 other accounts   $ 3.88 billion           
     

 

(a) RIC refers to a Registered Investment Company; PIV refers to a Pooled Investment Vehicle.
(b) Number of accounts for which the advisory fee paid is based in part or wholly on performance and the aggregate net assets in those accounts.
(c) All shares of the Variable Portfolio funds are owned by life insurance companies and are not available for purchase by individuals. Consequently no portfolio manager owns any shares of Variable Portfolio funds.
(d) The portfolio manager began managing the fund effective Oct. 1, 2010; reporting information is provided as of Aug. 31, 2010.
(e) Reflects each wrap program sponsor as a single client, rather than counting each participant in the program as a separate client.
(f) The portfolio manager began managing the fund effective Oct. 1, 2010; reporting information is provided as of July 31, 2010.

The rest of this section remains the same.

 

 

*Valid until next update.


Table of Contents

Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Supplement — June 3, 2010*

 

Fund (SAI date)

   Form #  

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Core Equity Fund (4/30/10, amended and restated 5/1/10)

     S-6466-20 AE   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Dynamic Equity Fund (4/30/10, amended and restated 5/1/10)

     S-6466-20 AE   

Seligman Common Stock Portfolio (4/30, amended and restated 5/1/10)

     N/A   

Tri-Continental Corporation (5/1/10)

     N/A   

Effective July 3, 2010, Gina K. Mourtzinou will no longer be responsible for the day-to-day management of each Fund listed above.

 

* Valid until next update.

S-6466-141 A (6/10)


Table of Contents

Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Supplement — May 14, 2010*

 

Fund (SAI date)

   Form #  

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Balanced Fund (4/30/10, amended and restated 5/1/10)

     S-6466-20 AE   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Diversified Bond Fund (4/30/10, amended and restated 5/1/10)

     S-6466-20 AE   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — High Yield Bond Fund (4/30/10, amended and restated 5/1/10)

     S-6466-20 AE   

Effective May 27, 2010, Table 16. Portfolio Managers, is revised as follows for the funds listed above:

Reporting provided as of Dec. 31, 2009, unless otherwise noted:

 

     Portfolio Manager  

Other Accounts Managed (excluding the fund)

   Ownership
of Fund
Shares(c)
     Potential
Conflicts
of Interest
    Structure of
Compensation
 

Fund

    

Number and Type of
Account(a)

   Approximate
Total Net Assets
    

Performance Based
Accounts(b)

       

Balanced

   Laton Spahr   13 RICs    $ 14.24 billion              
     2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million              
     17 other accounts(d)    $ 513.21 million              
                 
   Steve Schroll   13 RICs    $ 14.24 billion       8 RICs ($13.68 B)      None         (1     (10
     2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million              
     19 other accounts(d)    $ 513.06 million              
                 
   Paul Stocking   13 RICs    $ 14.24 billion              
     2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million              
     20 other accounts(d)    $ 518.02 million              
      
   Tom Murphy   6 RICs    $ 10.80 billion       2 RICs ($486.48 M)        
     2 PIVs    $ 729.68 million              
     17 other accounts    $ 12.58 billion              
            
   Colin Lundgren(e)   17 RICs    $ 1.59 billion       None      None         (1     (11
     15 other accounts    $ 203.49 million              
            
   Jennifer Ponce de   4 RICs    $ 5.49 billion       None        
   Leon(f)   1 PIV    $ 9.56 million              
     28 other accounts    $ 4.89 billion              
      

Diversified

   Tom Murphy   6 RICs    $ 5.55 billion       3 RICs ($821.26 M)        

Bond

     2 PIVs    $ 729.68 million              
     17 other accounts    $ 12.58 billion              
            
   Colin Lundgren(e)   17 RICs    $ 1.59 billion       None      None         (1     (11
     15 other accounts    $ 203.49 million              
            
   Jennifer Ponce de   4 RICs    $ 5.49 billion       None        
   Leon(f)   1 PIV    $ 9.56 million              
     28 other accounts    $ 4.89 billion              
            

High Yield

   Jennifer Ponce de   4 RICs    $ 5.49 billion       None        

Bond

   Leon(f)   1 PIV    $ 9.56 million              
     28 other accounts    $ 4.89 billion            None         (1     (11
      
   Brian Lavin(f)   2 RICs    $ 2.92 billion       None        
     1 PIV    $ 9.56 million              
     4 other account    $ 1.78 million              
      

 

(a) RIC refers to a Registered Investment Company; PIV refers to a Pooled Investment Vehicle.
(b) Number of accounts for which the advisory fee paid is based in part or wholly on performance and the aggregate net assets in those accounts.
(c) All shares of the Variable Portfolio funds are owned by life insurance companies and are not available for purchase by individuals. Consequently no portfolio manager owns any shares of Variable Portfolio funds.


Table of Contents

 

(d) Reflects each wrap program sponsor as a single client, rather than counting each participant in the program as a separate client.
(e) The portfolio manager began managing the fund after its last fiscal year end; reporting information is provided as of Dec. 31, 2009.
(f) The portfolio manager began managing the fund after its last fiscal year end; reporting information is provided as of April 30, 2010.

The rest of this section remains the same.

 

* Valid until next update.

 

2


Table of Contents

Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Supplement — May 14, 2010*

 

Fund (prospectus date)

  

Form #

   SAI Form # (date)

RiverSource Limited Duration Bond Fund (9/29/09)

   S-6265-99 J    S-6500 CJ (4/1/10)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Limited Duration Bond Fund (4/14/10)

   S-6546-99 A    S-6546-20 A (4/14/10)

Timothy J. Doubek, member of the Investment Grade Credit Sector Team and portfolio manager for the above mentioned Funds, is taking a leave of absence from April 18, 2010 through approximately August 23, 2010. The Funds will continue to be managed by Tom Murphy, portfolio manager and Sector Leader of the Investment Grade Credit Sector Team. His biography appears below:

Portfolio Manager(s). The portfolio manager responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund is:

Tom Murphy, CFA, Portfolio Manager

 

   

Managed the Fund since 2003.

 

   

Sector Leader of the investment grade credit sector team.

 

   

Joined RiverSource Investments in 2002.

 

   

Managing Director and Portfolio Manager, BlackRock Financial Management, 2002; various positions, Zurich Scudder, 1992 to 2002.

 

   

Began investment career in 1986.

 

   

MBA, University of Michigan.

S-6265-6 A (5/10)

 

* Valid until August 24, 2010.


Table of Contents

Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Supplement — May 1, 2010*

For the SAI dated April 30, 2010, amended and restated May 1, 2010 (Form # S-6466-20 AE)

RiverSource Variable Series Trust

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Balanced Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Cash Management Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Core Equity Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Diversified Bond Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Diversified Equity Income Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Dynamic Equity Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Global Bond Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Global Inflation Protected Securities Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — High Yield Bond Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Income Opportunities Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Mid Cap Growth Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Mid Cap Value Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — S&P 500 Index Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Short Duration U.S. Government Fund

Seligman Variable Portfolio — Growth Fund

Seligman Variable Portfolio — Larger-Cap Value Fund

Seligman Variable Portfolio — Smaller-Cap Value Fund

Threadneedle Variable Portfolio — Emerging Markets Fund

Threadneedle Variable Portfolio — International Opportunity Fund

Variable Portfolio — Davis New York Venture Fund

Variable Portfolio — Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value Fund

Variable Portfolio — Partners Small Cap Value Fund

The above-referenced funds are each a “fund” and collectively the “funds.”

On May 1, 2010, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (“Ameriprise Financial”), the parent company of RiverSource Investments, LLC, the funds’ investment manager, announced the closing of its acquisition of the long-term asset management business of Columbia Management Group, LLC and certain of its affiliated companies from Bank of America (the “Columbia Transaction”).

In connection with the Columbia Transaction, effective May 1, 2010, the funds’ investment manager, principal underwriter and transfer agent will change their names to reflect the new, combined business:

 

New Company Name

  

Former Name/Service Provider

  

Services

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC    RiverSource Investments, LLC    Investment Management Services
Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc.    RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.    Distribution Services
Columbia Management Investment Services Corp.    RiverSource Service Corporation    Transfer Agent Services

In connection with the Columbia Transaction, the Columbia-branded funds (which does not include the Columbia money market funds) are part of a family of funds that includes the RiverSource, Seligman and Threadneedle funds (collectively, the “Fund Family”). Currently, the Columbia-branded funds do not share the same policies and procedures as the other funds in the Fund Family and, except as described below, may not be exchanged for shares of RiverSource, Seligman or Threadneedle funds. Effective May 1, 2010, the Columbia-branded funds may be exchanged for RiverSource Cash Management Fund (Class A, B, C and Z shares). Please see the prospectus for RiverSource Cash Management Fund for more information.

 

* Valid until next update


Table of Contents

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

April 30, 2010, amended and restated May 1, 2010

RiverSource Variable Series Trust

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Balanced Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Cash Management Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Core Equity Fund*

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Diversified Bond Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Diversified Equity Income Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Dynamic Equity Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Global Bond Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Global Inflation Protected Securities Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – High Yield Bond Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Income Opportunities Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Mid Cap Growth Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Mid Cap Value Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Short Duration U.S. Government Fund

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund

Threadneedle Variable Portfolio – Emerging Markets Fund

Threadneedle Variable Portfolio – International Opportunity Fund

Variable Portfolio – Davis New York Venture Fund (formerly RiverSource Partners Variable Portfolio – Fundamental Value Fund)

Variable Portfolio – Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value Fund (formerly RiverSource Partners Variable Portfolio – Select Value Fund)

Variable Portfolio – Partners Small Cap Value Fund (formerly RiverSource Partners Variable Portfolio – Small Cap Value Fund)

 

* This Fund is closed to new investors.

Each fund, other than RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Core Equity Fund, may offer Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 shares, with the exception of RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Balanced Fund and RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund, which only offer Class 3, to separate accounts (Accounts) funding variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies (Contracts) issued by affiliated and unaffiliated life insurance companies as well as qualified pension and retirement plans (Qualified Plans) and other qualified institutional investors authorized by RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc. (the distributor). RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Core Equity Fund offers a single class of shares.

This is the Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) for each of the funds listed above. This SAI is not a prospectus. It should be read together with the appropriate current fund prospectus dated May 1, 2010.

Each fund’s financial statements for its most recent fiscal period are contained in the fund’s annual or semiannual report to Shareholders. The Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s Report and the Financial Statements, including Notes to the Financial Statements and the Schedule of Investments in Securities, contained in the Annual Report are incorporated in this SAI by reference. No other portion of the Annual Report is incorporated by reference. For a free copy of a fund prospectus, annual or semiannual report, contact your financial intermediary or write to the RiverSource Family of Funds, which includes RiverSource funds, Seligman funds and Threadneedle funds, 734 Ameriprise Financial Center, Minneapolis, MN 55474 or call 1 (800) 221-2450.

Each fund is governed by a Board of Trustees (the “Board”) that meets regularly to review a wide variety of matters affecting the funds. Detailed information about fund governance, the funds’ investment manager, RiverSource Investments, LLC (the “investment manager” or “RiverSource Investments”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (“Ameriprise Financial”), and other aspects of fund management can be found by referencing the Table of Contents or the List of Tables on the following page.

 


Table of Contents

Table of Contents

 

Fundamental and Nonfundamental Investment Policies

     4   

Investment Strategies and Types of Investments

     6   

Information Regarding Risks and Investment Strategies

     9   

Securities Transactions

     38   

Brokerage Commissions Paid to Brokers Affiliated with the Investment Manager

     44   

Valuing Fund Shares

     45   

Portfolio Holdings Disclosure

     47   

Proxy Voting

     50   

Investing in a Fund

     52   

Capital Loss Carryover

     53   

Taxes

     54   

Service Providers

     56   

Investment Management Services

     56   

Administrative Services

     75   

Transfer Agency Services

     76   

Distribution Services

     76   

Plan and Agreement of Distribution

     76   

Custodian Services

     77   

Board Services Corporation

     78   

Organizational Information

     78   

Board Members and Officers

     86   

Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities

     95   

Information Regarding Pending and Settled Legal Proceedings

     95   

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     97   

Appendix A: Description of Ratings

     A-1   

Appendix B: Additional Information About S&P 500 Index

     B-1   

List of Tables

 

1.

  

Fund Fiscal Year Ends and Investment Categories

     3   

2.

  

Fundamental Policies

     5   

3.

  

Investment Strategies and Types of Investments

     7   

4.

  

Total Brokerage Commissions

     40   

5.

  

Brokerage Directed for Research and Turnover Rates

     41   

6.

  

Securities of Regular Brokers or Dealers

     42   

7.

  

Brokerage Commissions Paid to Investment Manager or Affiliates

     44   

8.

  

Valuing Fund Shares

     45   

9.

  

Capital Loss Carryover

     53   

10.

  

Investment Management Services Agreement Fee Schedule

     56   

11.

  

PIA Indexes

     60   

12.

  

Performance Incentive Adjustment Calculation

     60   

13.

  

Management Fees and Nonadvisory Expenses

     61   

14.

  

Subadvisers and Subadvisory Agreement Fee Schedules

     62   

15.

  

Subadvisory Fees

     63   

16.

  

Portfolio Managers

     64   

17.

  

Administrative Services Agreement Fee Schedule

     75   

18.

  

Administrative Fees

     76   

19.

  

12b-1 Fees

     77   

20.

  

Fund History Table for RiverSource Family of Funds

     79   

21.

  

Board Members

     86   

22.

  

Fund Officers

     88   

23.

  

Board Member Holdings — All Funds

     92   

24.

  

Board Member Compensation — All Funds

     92   

25.

  

Board Member Compensation — Individual Funds

     93   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Statement of Additional Information – April 30, 2010

 

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Throughout this SAI, the funds are referred to as follows:

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Balanced Fund (Balanced)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Cash Management Fund (Cash Management)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Core Equity Fund (Core Equity)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Diversified Bond Fund (Diversified Bond)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Diversified Equity Income Fund (Diversified Equity Income)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Dynamic Equity Fund (Dynamic Equity)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Global Bond Fund (Global Bond)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Global Inflation Protected Securities Fund (Global Inflation Protected Securities)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – High Yield Bond Fund (High Yield Bond)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Income Opportunities Fund (Income Opportunities)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Mid Cap Growth Fund (Mid Cap Growth)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Mid Cap Value Fund (Mid Cap Value)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – S&P 500 Index Fund (S&P 500 Index)

RiverSource Variable Portfolio – Short Duration U.S. Government Fund (Short Duration U.S. Government)

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Growth Fund (Growth)

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Larger-Cap Value Fund (Larger-Cap Value)

Seligman Variable Portfolio – Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Smaller-Cap Value)

Threadneedle Variable Portfolio – Emerging Markets Fund (Emerging Markets)

Threadneedle Variable Portfolio – International Opportunity Fund (International Opportunity)

Variable Portfolio – Davis New York Venture Fund (Davis New York Venture)

Variable Portfolio – Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value Fund (Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value)

Variable Portfolio – Partners Small Cap Value Fund (Partners Small Cap Value)

The table that follows lists each fund’s fiscal year end and investment category. The information can be used to identify groups of funds that are referenced throughout this SAI.

Table 1. Fund Fiscal Year Ends and Investment Categories

 

Fund

   Fiscal Year End      Fund Investment Category

Balanced

     December 31       Balanced

Cash Management

     December 31       Money market

Core Equity

     December 31       Equity

Davis New York Venture

     December 31       Equity

Diversified Bond

     December 31       Fixed Income

Diversified Equity Income

     December 31       Equity

Dynamic Equity

     December 31       Equity

Emerging Markets

     December 31       Equity

Global Bond

     December 31       Fixed Income

Global Inflation Protected Securities

     December 31       Fixed Income

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

     December 31       Equity

Growth

     December 31       Equity

High Yield Bond

     December 31       Fixed Income

Income Opportunities

     December 31       Fixed Income

International Opportunity

     December 31       Equity

Larger-Cap Value

     December 31       Equity

Mid Cap Growth

     December 31       Equity

Mid Cap Value

     December 31       Equity

Partners Small Cap Value

     December 31       Equity

S&P 500 Index

     December 31       Equity

Short Duration U.S. Government

     December 31       Fixed Income

Smaller-Cap Value

     December 31       Equity

 

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Fundamental and Nonfundamental Investment Policies

Fundamental investment policies adopted by a fund cannot be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the fund (i.e., shareholders) as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Nonfundamental investment policies may be changed by the Board at any time.

Notwithstanding any of a fund’s other investment policies, each fund, subject to certain limitations, may invest its assets in an open-end management investment company having substantially the same investment objectives, policies, and restrictions as the fund for the purpose of having those assets managed as part of a combined pool.

FUNDAMENTAL POLICIES

Fundamental policies are policies that can be changed only with shareholder approval.

For each fund, the fund will not:

 

   

Act as an underwriter (sell securities for others). However, under the securities laws, the fund may be deemed to be an underwriter when it purchases securities directly from the issuer and later resells them.

 

   

Lend securities or participate in an interfund lending program if the total of all such loans would exceed 33 1/3% of the fund’s total assets except this fundamental investment policy shall not prohibit the fund from purchasing money market securities, loans, loan participation or other debt securities, or from entering into repurchase agreements.

 

   

Borrow money, except for temporary purposes (not for leveraging or investment) in an amount not exceeding 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) less liabilities (other than borrowings) immediately after the borrowings.

 

   

Issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief.

For each fund except Cash Management, the fund will not:

 

   

Concentrate in any one industry. According to the present interpretation by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), this means that up to 25% of the fund’s total assets, based on current market value at time of purchase, can be invested in any one industry.

Additionally for Cash Management, the fund will not:

 

   

Buy on margin or sell short or deal in options to buy or sell securities.

 

   

Purchase common stocks, preferred stocks, warrants, other equity securities, corporate bonds or debentures, state bonds, municipal bonds, or industrial revenue bonds.

 

   

Intentionally invest more than 25% of the fund’s assets taken at market value in any particular industry, except with respect to investing in U.S. government or agency securities and bank obligations. Investments are varied according to what is judged advantageous under different economic conditions.

In addition to the policies described above and any fundamental policies described in the prospectus, the chart below shows fund-specific policies that may be changed only with shareholder approval. The chart indicates whether or not the fund has a policy on a particular topic. A dash indicates that the fund does not have a policy on a particular topic. The specific policy is stated in the paragraphs that follow the table.

 

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Table 2. Fundamental Policies

The fund will not:

 

Fund

   A
Buy or sell
real estate
     B
Buy or sell
commodities
     C
Buy more than
10% of an issuer
     D
Invest more  than
5% in an issuer
 

Balanced

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Cash Management

     A2         —           C1         D1   

Core Equity

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Diversified Bond

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Diversified Equity Income

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Dynamic Equity

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Davis New York Venture

     A1         B2         C1         D1   

Emerging Markets

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Global Bond

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

     A1         B1         —           —     

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

     A1         B2         C1         D1   

Growth

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

High Yield Bond

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Income Opportunities

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

International Opportunity

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Larger-Cap Value

     A1         B2         C1         D1   

Mid Cap Growth

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Mid Cap Value

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Partners Small Cap Value

     A1         B2         C1         D1   

S&P 500 Index

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Short Duration U.S. Government

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

Smaller-Cap Value

     A1         B1         C1         D1   

A. Buy or sell real estate

 

  A1 – The fund will not buy or sell real estate, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the fund from investing in securities or other instruments backed by real estate or securities of companies engaged in the real estate business or real estate investment trusts. For purposes of this policy, real estate includes real estate limited partnerships.

 

  A2 – The fund will not buy or sell real estate, commodities or commodity contracts. For purposes of this policy, real estate includes real estate limited partnerships.

B. Buy or sell physical commodities

 

  B1 – The fund will not buy or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the fund from buying or selling options and futures contracts or from investing in securities or other instruments backed by, or whose value is derived from, physical commodities.

 

  B2 – The fund will not buy or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments, except this shall not prevent the fund from buying or selling options, futures contracts and foreign currency or from investing in securities or other instruments backed by, or whose value is derived from, physical commodities.

 

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C. Buy more than 10% of an issuer

 

  C1 – The fund will not purchase more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of an issuer, except that up to 25% of the fund’s assets may be invested without regard to this 10% limitation.

D. Invest more than 5% in an issuer

 

  D1 – The fund will not invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of any company, government, or political subdivision thereof, except the limitation will not apply to investments in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or other investment companies, and except that up to 25% of the fund’s total assets may be invested without regard to this 5% limitation.

NONFUNDAMENTAL POLICIES

Nonfundamental policies are policies that can be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. The following nonfundamental policies are in addition to those described in the prospectus.

For funds other than money market funds:

 

   

No more than 15% of the fund’s net assets will be held in securities and other instruments that are illiquid.

For Cash Management:

 

   

No more than 10% of the fund’s net assets will be held in securities and other instruments that are illiquid.

For all funds EXCEPT Cash Management, Emerging Markets, Global Bond, Global Inflation Protected Securities, International Opportunity and S&P 500 Index:

 

   

Up to 25% of the fund’s net assets may be invested in foreign investments.

Investment Strategies and Types of Investments

This table shows many of the various investment strategies and investments the funds are allowed to engage in and purchase. It is intended to show the breadth of investments that the investment manager or subadviser (individually and collectively, the “investment manager”) may make on behalf of a fund. For a description of principal risks for an individual fund, please see the applicable prospectus for that fund. Notwithstanding a fund’s ability to utilize these strategies and techniques, the investment manager is not obligated to use them at any particular time. For example, even though the investment manager is authorized to adopt temporary defensive positions and is authorized to attempt to hedge against certain types of risk, these practices are left to the investment manager’s sole discretion.

Investment strategies and types of investments: A black circle indicates that the investment strategy or type of investment generally is authorized for a category of funds. Exceptions are noted in the footnotes to the table. See Table 1 for fund categories.

 

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Table 3. Investment Strategies and Types of Investments

 

Investment Strategy

   Balanced    Equity    Fixed Income    Money Market

Agency and government securities

           

Borrowing

           

Cash/money market instruments

           

Collateralized bond obligations

            —  

Commercial paper

           

Common stock

         • A    —  

Convertible securities

            —  

Corporate bonds

            B

Debt obligations

           

Depositary receipts

         • C    —  

Derivative instruments (including options and futures)

            —  

Exchange-traded funds

            —  

Floating rate loans

      —         —  

Foreign currency transactions

            —  

Foreign securities

           

Funding agreements

           

High yield debt securities (junk bonds)

            —  

Illiquid and restricted securities

           

Indexed securities

            —  

Inflation protected securities

            —  

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs)

           

Inverse floaters

      D       —  

Investment companies

           

Lending of portfolio securities

           

Loan participations

            —  

Mortgage- and asset-backed securities

      • E      

Mortgage dollar rolls

      F       —  

Municipal obligations

           

Pay-in-kind securities

            —  

Preferred stock

         G    —  

Real estate investment trusts

            —  

Repurchase agreements

           

Reverse repurchase agreements

           

Short sales

   H    H    H    —  

Sovereign debt

           

Structured investments

            —  

Swap agreements

            —  

Variable- or floating-rate securities

           

Warrants

            —  

When-issued securities and forward commitments

            —  

Zero-coupon and step-coupon securities

           

 

A. The following funds are not authorized to invest in common stock: Short Duration U.S. Government.
B. While the fund is prohibited from investing in corporate bonds, it may invest in securities classified as corporate bonds if they meet the requirements of Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act.
C. The following funds are not authorized to invest in depositary receipts: Short Duration U.S. Government.
D. The following funds are authorized to invest in inverse floaters: Dynamic Equity.
E. The following funds are not authorized to invest in mortgage- and asset-backed securities: S&P 500 Index and Small Cap Advantage.

 

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F. The following funds are authorized to invest in mortgage dollar rolls: Core Equity and Dynamic Equity.
G. The following funds are not authorized to invest in preferred stock: Short Duration U.S. Government.
H. The funds are not prohibited from engaging in short sales, however, each fund will seek Board approval prior to utilizing short sales as an active part of its investment strategy.

 

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Information Regarding Risks and Investment Strategies

RISKS

The following is a summary of risk characteristics. Following this summary is a description of certain investments and investment strategies and the risks most commonly associated with them (including certain risks not described below and, in some cases, a more comprehensive discussion of how the risks apply to a particular investment or investment strategy). A mutual fund’s risk profile is largely defined by the fund’s primary portfolio holdings and investment strategies. However, most mutual funds are allowed to use certain other strategies and investments that may have different risk characteristics. Accordingly, one or more of the following types of risk may be associated with a fund at any time (for a description of principal risks and investment strategies for an individual fund, please see that fund’s prospectus):

Active Management Risk. For a fund that is actively managed, its performance will reflect in part the ability of the portfolio managers to select securities and to make investment decisions that are suited to achieving the fund’s investment objective. Due to its active management, a fund could underperform other mutual funds with similar investment objectives and strategies.

Borrowing Risk. To the extent the fund borrows money for investment purposes, which is commonly referred to as “leveraging,” the fund’s exposure to fluctuations in the prices of its assets will be increased as compared to the fund’s exposure if the fund did not borrow. The fund’s borrowing activities will exaggerate any increase or decrease in the net asset value of the fund. In addition, the interest which the fund pays on borrowed money, together with any additional costs of maintaining a borrowing facility, are additional costs borne by the fund and could reduce or eliminate any net investment profits. Unless profits on assets acquired with borrowed funds exceed the costs of borrowing, the use of borrowing will diminish the investment performance of the fund compared with what it would have been without borrowing. When the fund borrows money it must comply with certain asset coverage requirements, which at times may require the fund to dispose of some of its holdings, even though it may be disadvantageous to do so at the time.

Common Stock Risk. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock held by the fund. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks to which the fund has exposure. Common stock prices fluctuate for several reasons, including changes to investors’ perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting an issuer occurs. In addition, common stock prices may be particularly sensitive to rising interest rates, as the cost of capital rises and borrowing costs increase.

Confidential Information Access Risk. In managing the fund, the investment manager normally will seek to avoid the receipt of material, non-public information (Confidential Information) about the issuers of floating rate loans being considered for acquisition by the fund, or held in the fund. In many instances, issuers of floating rate loans offer to furnish Confidential Information to prospective purchasers or holders of the issuer’s floating rate loans to help potential investors assess the value of the loan. The investment manager’s decision not to receive Confidential Information from these issuers may disadvantage the fund as compared to other floating rate loan investors, and may adversely affect the price the fund pays for the loans it purchases, or the price at which the fund sells the loans. Further, in situations when holders of floating rate loans are asked, for example, to grant consents, waivers or amendments, the investment manager’s ability to assess the desirability of such consents, waivers or amendments may be compromised. For these and other reasons, it is possible that the investment manager’s decision under normal circumstances not to receive Confidential Information could adversely affect the fund’s performance.

Counterparty Risk. Counterparty risk is the risk that a counterparty to a financial instrument entered into by the fund or held by a special purpose or structured vehicle becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties. The fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery in a bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The fund may obtain only limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such circumstances. The fund will typically enter into financial instrument transactions with counterparties whose credit rating is investment grade, or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable quality by the investment manager.

 

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Credit Risk. Credit risk is the risk that one or more fixed income securities in the fund’s portfolio will decline in price or fail to pay interest or repay principal when due because the issuer of the security experiences a decline in its financial status and is unable or unwilling to honor its obligations, including the payment of interest or the repayment of principal. Adverse conditions in the credit markets can adversely affect the broader global economy, including the credit quality of issuers of fixed income securities in which the fund may invest. Changes by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations in its rating of securities and in the ability of an issuer to make scheduled payments may also affect the value of the fund’s investments. To the extent the fund invests in below-investment grade securities, it will be exposed to a greater amount of credit risk than a fund which invests solely in investment grade securities. The prices of lower grade securities are more sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline in the issuer’s revenues or a general economic downturn, than are the prices of higher grade securities. Fixed income securities of below investment grade quality are predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal when due and therefore involve a greater risk of default. If the fund purchases unrated securities, or if the rating of a security is reduced after purchase, the fund will depend on the investment manager’s analysis of credit risk more heavily than usual.

Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that have a value which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of something else, such as one or more underlying securities, pools of securities, options, futures, indexes or currencies. Losses involving derivative instruments may be substantial, because a relatively small price movement in the underlying security(ies), instrument, currency or index may result in a substantial loss for the fund. In addition to the potential for increased losses, the use of derivative instruments may lead to increased volatility within a fund. Derivative instruments in which the fund invests will typically increase the fund’s exposure to its principal risks (as described in the fund’s prospectus) to which it is otherwise exposed, and may expose the fund to additional risks, including correlation risk, counterparty credit risk, hedging risk, leverage risk, and liquidity risk.

Correlation risk is related to hedging risk and is the risk that there may be an incomplete correlation between the hedge and the opposite position, which may result in increased or unanticipated losses.

Counterparty credit risk is the risk that a counterparty to the derivative instrument becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations due to financial difficulties, and the fund may obtain no recovery of its investment or may only obtain a limited recovery, and any recovery may be delayed.

Hedging risk is the risk that derivative instruments used to hedge against an opposite position may offset losses, but they may also offset gains. There is no guarantee that a hedging strategy will eliminate the risk which the hedging strategy is intended to offset, which may lead to losses within a fund.

Leverage risk is the risk that losses from the derivative instrument may be greater than the amount invested in the derivative instrument. Certain derivatives have the potential for unlimited losses, regardless of the size of the initial investment.

Liquidity risk is the risk that the derivative instrument may be difficult or impossible to sell or terminate, which may cause the fund to be in a position to do something the investment manager would not otherwise choose, including accepting a lower price for the derivative instrument, selling other investments or foregoing another, more appealing investment opportunity. Derivative instruments, which are not traded on an exchange, including, but not limited to, forward contracts, swaps, and over-the-counter options may have liquidity risk.

Certain derivatives have the potential for unlimited losses regardless of the size of the initial investment.

Exchange-Traded Fund (ETF) Risk. An ETF’s share price may not track its specified market index and may trade below its net asset value. ETFs generally use a “passive” investment strategy and will not attempt to take defensive positions in volatile or declining markets. An active secondary market in an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained and may be halted or interrupted due to actions by its listing exchange, unusual market conditions or other reasons. There can be no assurance an ETF’s shares will continue to be listed on an active exchange. In addition, shareholders bear both their proportionate share of the fund’s expenses and similar expenses incurred through ownership of the ETF.

The funds generally expect to purchase shares of ETFs through broker-dealers in transactions on a securities exchange, and in such cases the funds will pay customary brokerage commissions for each purchase and sale. Shares of an ETF may also be acquired by depositing a specified portfolio of the ETF’s underlying securities, as well as a cash payment generally equal to accumulated

 

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dividends of the securities (net of expenses) up to the time of deposit, with the ETF’s custodian, in exchange for which the ETF will issue a quantity of new shares sometimes referred to as a “creation unit”. Similarly, shares of an ETF purchased on an exchange may be accumulated until they represent a creation unit, and the creation unit may redeemed in kind for a portfolio of the underlying securities (based on the ETF’s net asset value) together with a cash payment generally equal to accumulated dividends as of the date of redemption. The funds may redeem creation units for the underlying securities (and any applicable cash), and may assemble a portfolio of the underlying securities (and any required cash) to purchase creation units. The funds’ ability to redeem creation units may be limited by the 1940 Act, which provides that ETFs will not be obligated to redeem shares held by the funds in an amount exceeding one percent of their total outstanding securities during any period of less than 30 days.

There is a risk that ETFs in which a fund invests may terminate due to extraordinary events. For example, any of the service providers to ETFs, such as the trustee or sponsor, may close or otherwise fail to perform their obligations to the ETF, and the ETF may not be able to find a substitute service provider. Also, ETFs may be dependent upon licenses to use the various indices as a basis for determining their compositions and/or otherwise to use certain trade names. If these licenses are terminated, the ETFs may also terminate. In addition, an ETF may terminate if its net assets fall below a certain amount.

Foreign Currency Risk. The fund’s exposure to foreign currencies subjects the fund to constantly changing exchange rates and the risk that those currencies will decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar, or, in the case of short positions, that the U.S. dollar will decline in value relative to the currency being sold forward. Currency rates in foreign countries may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time for a number of reasons, including changes in interest rates and economic or political developments in the U.S. or abroad. As a result, the fund’s exposure to foreign currencies may reduce the returns of the fund. Trading of foreign currencies also includes the risk of clearing and settling trades which, if prices are volatile, may be difficult or impossible.

Risks of Foreign/Emerging Markets Investing. Foreign securities are defined as securities of issuers based outside the United States. An issuer is deemed to be based outside the United States if it is organized under the laws of another country. Foreign securities are primarily denominated in foreign currencies. In addition to the risks normally associated with domestic securities of the same type, foreign securities are subject to the following risks:

Country risk includes the political, economic, and other conditions of the country. These conditions include lack of publicly available information, less government oversight and regulation of business and industry practices of stock exchanges, brokers and listed companies than in the U.S. (including lack of uniform accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards comparable to those applicable to domestic companies). In addition, with certain foreign countries, there is the possibility of nationalization, expropriation, the imposition of additional withholding or confiscatory taxes, political, social, or economic instability, diplomatic developments that could affect investments in those countries, or other unforeseen actions by regulatory bodies (such as changes to settlement or custody procedures). It may be more difficult for an investor’s agents to keep currently informed about corporate actions such as stock dividends or other matters that may affect the prices of portfolio securities. The liquidity of foreign investments may be more limited than for most U.S. investments, which means that, at times it may be difficult to sell foreign securities at desirable prices. Payment for securities without delivery may be required in certain foreign markets and, when participating in new issues, some foreign countries require payment to be made in advance of issuance (at the time of issuance, the market value of the security may be more or less than the purchase price). Fixed commissions on some foreign stock exchanges are generally higher than negotiated commissions on U.S. exchanges. Further, the fund may encounter difficulties or be unable to pursue legal remedies and obtain judgments in foreign courts. The introduction of a single currency, the euro, on Jan. 1, 1999 for participating European nations in the Economic and Monetary Union (EU) presents unique risks. The most important is the exposure to the economic, political and social development of the member countries in the EU.

Currency risk results from the constantly changing exchange rates between local currency and the U.S. dollar. Whenever the fund holds securities valued in a foreign currency or holds the currency, changes in the exchange rate add to or subtract from the value of the investment.

Custody risk refers to the process of clearing and settling trades. It also covers holding securities with local agents and depositories. Low trading volumes and volatile prices in less developed markets make trades harder to complete and settle. Local agents are held only to the standard of care of the local market. Governments or trade groups may compel local agents to hold securities in designated depositories that are not subject to independent evaluation. The less developed a country’s securities market is, the greater the likelihood of problems occurring.

 

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Emerging markets risk includes the dramatic pace of change (economic, social, and political) in these countries as well as the other considerations listed above. These markets are in early stages of development and are extremely volatile. They can be marked by extreme inflation, devaluation of currencies, dependence on trade partners, and hostile relations with neighboring countries.

Geographic Concentration Risk. The fund may be particularly susceptible to economic, political or regulatory events affecting companies and countries within the specific geographic region in which the fund focuses its investments. Currency devaluations could occur in countries that have not yet experienced currency devaluation to date, or could continue to occur in countries that have already experienced such devaluations. As a result, the fund may be more volatile than a more geographically diversified fund.

Highly Leveraged Transactions Risk. Certain corporate loans and corporate debt securities involve refinancings, recapitalizations, mergers and acquisitions, and other financings for general corporate purposes. These investments also may include senior obligations of a borrower issued in connection with a restructuring pursuant to Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (commonly known as “debtor-in-possession” financings), provided that such senior obligations are determined by the fund’s investment manager upon its credit analysis to be a suitable investment by the fund. In such highly leveraged transactions, the borrower assumes large amounts of debt in order to have the financial resources to attempt to achieve its business objectives. Such business objectives may include but are not limited to: management’s taking over control of a company (leveraged buy-out); reorganizing the assets and liabilities of a company (leveraged recapitalization); or acquiring another company. Loans or securities that are part of highly leveraged transactions involve a greater risk (including default and bankruptcy) than other investments.

Impairment of Collateral Risk. The value of collateral, if any, securing a floating rate loan can decline, and may be insufficient to meet the borrower’s obligations or difficult to liquidate. In addition, the fund’s access to collateral may be limited by bankruptcy or other insolvency laws. Further, certain floating rate loans may not be fully collateralized and may decline in value.

Indexing Risk. For funds that are managed to an index, the fund’s performance will rise and fall, subject to any tracking error, as the performance of the index rises and falls.

Industry Concentration Risk. Investments that are concentrated in a particular issuer will make the fund’s portfolio value more susceptible to the events or conditions impacting that particular industry. Because the fund may invest more than 25% of its total assets in money market instruments issued by banks, the value of these investments may be adversely affected by economic, political or regulatory developments in or that impact the banking industry.

Inflation-Protected Securities Risk. Inflation-protected debt securities tend to react to change in real interest rates. Real interest rates can be described as nominal interest rates minus the expected impact of inflation. In general, the price of an inflation-protected debt security falls when real interest rates rise, and rises when real interest rates fall. Interest payments on inflation-protected debt securities will vary as the principal and/or interest is adjusted for inflation and may be more volatile than interest paid on ordinary bonds. In periods of deflation, the fund may have no income at all. Income earned by a shareholder depends on the amount of principal invested and that principal cannot seek to grow with inflation unless the investor reinvests the portion of fund distributions that comes from inflation adjustments.

Initial Public Offering (IPO) Risk. IPOs are subject to many of the same risks as investing in companies with smaller market capitalizations. To the extent a fund determines to invest in IPOs it may not be able to invest to the extent desired, because, for example, only a small portion (if any) of the securities being offered in an IPO may be made available. The investment performance of a fund during periods when it is unable to invest significantly or at all in IPOs may be lower than during periods when the fund is able to do so. In addition, as a fund increases in size, the impact of IPOs on the fund’s performance will generally decrease. IPOs sold within 12 months of purchase will result in increased short-term capital gains, which will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.

Interest Rate Risk. The securities in the portfolio are subject to the risk of losses attributable to changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk is generally associated with bond prices: when interest rates rise, bond prices generally fall. In general, the longer the maturity or duration of a bond, the greater its sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Interest rate charges also may increase payments of debt obligations, which in turn would increase prepayment risk.

 

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Issuer Risk. An issuer, or the value of its securities, may perform poorly. Poor performance may be caused by poor management decisions, competitive pressures, breakthroughs in technology, reliance on suppliers, labor problems or shortages, corporate restructurings, fraudulent disclosures, or other factors.

Leverage Risk. Leverage occurs when the fund increases its assets available for investment using borrowings, short sales, derivatives, or similar instruments or techniques. Due to the fact that short sales involve borrowing securities and then selling them, the fund’s short sales effectively leverage the fund’s assets. The use of leverage may make any change in the fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) even greater and thus result in increased volatility of returns. The fund’s assets that are used as collateral to secure the short sales may decrease in value while the short positions are outstanding, which may force the fund to use its other assets to increase the collateral. Leverage can also create an interest expense that may lower the fund’s overall returns. Lastly, there is no guarantee that a leveraging strategy will be successful.

Liquidity Risk. The risk associated from a lack of marketability of securities which may make it difficult or impossible to sell at desirable prices in order to minimize loss. The fund may have to lower the selling price, sell other investments, or forego another, more appealing investment opportunity.

Market Risk. The market value of securities may fall or fail to rise. Market risk may affect a single issuer, sector of the economy, industry, or the market as a whole. The market value of securities may fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. This risk is generally greater for small and mid-sized companies, which tend to be more vulnerable to adverse developments. In addition, focus on a particular style, for example, investment in growth or value securities, may cause the fund to underperform other mutual funds if that style falls out of favor with the market.

Non-Diversification Risk. A non-diversified fund may invest more of its assets in fewer companies than if it were a diversified fund. Because each investment has a greater effect on the fund’s performance, the fund may be more exposed to the risks of loss and volatility than a fund that invests more broadly.

Prepayment and Extension Risk. The risk that a bond or other security might be called, or otherwise converted, prepaid, or redeemed, before maturity. This risk is primarily associated with asset-backed securities, including mortgage backed securities. If a security is converted, prepaid, or redeemed, before maturity, particularly during a time of declining interest rates, the portfolio managers may not be able to reinvest in securities providing as high a level of income, resulting in a reduced yield to the fund. Conversely, as interest rates rise, the likelihood of prepayment decreases. The portfolio managers may be unable to capitalize on securities with higher interest rates because the fund’s investments are locked in at a lower rate for a longer period of time.

Quantitative Model Risk. Securities selected using quantitative methods may perform differently from the market as a whole as a result of the factors used in the quantitative method, the weight placed on each factor, and changes in the factors’ historical trends. The quantitative methodology employed by the investment manager has been extensively tested using historical securities market data, but has only recently begun to be used to manage the funds. There can be no assurance that the methodology will enable the fund to achieve its objective.

Reinvestment Risk. The risk that an investor will not be able to reinvest income or principal at the same rate it currently is earning.

Sector Risk. Investments that are concentrated in a particular issuer, geographic region, or sector will be more susceptible to changes in price. The more a fund diversifies, the more it spreads risk and potentially reduces the risks of loss and volatility.

Short Selling Risk. The fund may make short sales, which involves selling a security the fund does not own in anticipation that the security’s price will decline. The fund must borrow those securities to make delivery to the buyer. The fund may not always be able to borrow a security it wants to sell short. The fund will suffer a loss if it sells a security short and the value of the security rises rather than falls. It is possible that the fund’s long positions will decline in value at the same time that the value of its short positions increase, thereby increasing potential losses to the fund. Short sales expose the fund to the risk that it will be required to buy the security sold short (also known as “covering” the short position) at a time when the security has appreciated in value, thus resulting in a loss to the fund. The fund may also be required to close out a short position at a time when it might not otherwise choose, for example, if the lender of the security calls it back, which may have the effect of reducing or eliminating potential gain, or cause the fund to realize a loss. Short positions introduce more risk to the fund than long positions (purchases) because the maximum sustainable loss on a security purchased (held long) is limited to the amount paid for the security plus the transaction costs, whereas

 

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there is no maximum attainable price of the shorted security. Therefore, in theory, securities sold short have unlimited risk. Additionally, the fund’s use of short sales in effect “leverages” the fund, as the fund intends to use the cash proceeds from short sales to invest in additional long positions. This leverage effect potentially exposes the fund to greater risks due to unanticipated market movements, which may magnify losses and increase the volatility of returns. See Leverage Risk and Market Risk.

Small and Mid-Sized Company Risk. Investments in small and medium companies often involve greater risks than investments in larger, more established companies because small and medium companies may lack the management experience, financial resources, product diversification, experience, and competitive strengths of larger companies. Additionally, in many instances the securities of small and medium companies are traded only over-the-counter or on regional securities exchanges and the frequency and volume of their trading is substantially less and may be more volatile than is typical of larger companies.

Tracking Error Risk. For funds that are managed to an index, the fund may not track the index perfectly because differences between the index and the fund’s portfolio can cause differences in performance. The investment manager purchases securities and other instruments in an attempt to replicate the performance of the index. However, the tools that the investment manager uses to replicate the index are not perfect and the fund’s performance is affected by factors such as the size of the fund’s portfolio, transaction costs, management fees and expenses, brokerage commissions and fees, the extent and timing of cash flows in and out of the fund and changes in the index.

In addition, the returns from a specific type of security (for example, mid-cap stocks) may trail returns from other asset classes or the overall market. Each type of security will go through cycles of doing better or worse than stocks or bonds in general. These periods may last for several years.

INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

The following information supplements the discussion of each fund’s investment objectives, policies, and strategies that are described in the prospectus and in this SAI. The following describes strategies that many mutual funds use and types of securities that they purchase. Please refer to the table titled Investment Strategies and Types of Investments to see which are applicable to various categories of funds.

Agency and Government Securities

The U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities, and government-sponsored enterprises issue many different types of securities. U.S. Treasury bonds, notes, and bills and securities, including mortgage pass through certificates of the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), are guaranteed by the U.S. government.

Other U.S. government securities are issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or instrumentalities or government-sponsored enterprises but are not guaranteed by the U.S. government. This may increase the credit risk associated with these investments. Government-sponsored entities issuing securities include privately owned, publicly chartered entities created to reduce borrowing costs for certain sectors of the economy, such as farmers, homeowners, and students. They include the Federal Farm Credit Bank System, Farm Credit Financial Assistance Corporation, Federal Home Loan Bank, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation* (FHLMC), Federal National Mortgage Association* (FNMA), Student Loan Marketing Association (SLMA), and Resolution Trust Corporation (RTC). Government-sponsored entities may issue discount notes (with maturities ranging from overnight to 360 days) and bonds. Agency and government securities are subject to the same concerns as other debt obligations. (See also Debt Obligations and Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities.)

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with agency and government securities include: Inflation Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Prepayment and Extension Risk, and Reinvestment Risk.

 

* On Sept. 7, 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), an agency of the U.S. government, placed the FHLMC and FNMA into conservatorship, a statutory process with the objective of returning the entities to normal business operations. FHFA will act as the conservator to operate the enterprises until they are stabilized.

 

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Borrowing

If the fund borrows money, its share price may be subject to greater fluctuation until the borrowing is paid off. If the fund makes additional investments while borrowings are outstanding, this may be considered a form of leverage. Under the 1940 Act, the fund is required to maintain continuous asset coverage of 300% with respect to such borrowings and to sell (within three days) sufficient portfolio holdings to restore such coverage if it should decline to less than 300% due to market fluctuations or otherwise, even if such liquidations of the fund’s holdings may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint. Leveraging by means of borrowing may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of portfolio securities or the fund’s NAV, and money borrowed will be subject to interest and other costs (which may include commitment fees and/or the cost of maintaining minimum average balances) which may or may not exceed the income received from the securities purchased with borrowed funds.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with borrowing include: Borrowing Risk and Inflation Risk.

Cash/Money Market Instruments

Cash-equivalent investments include short-term U.S. and Canadian government securities and negotiable certificates of deposit, non-negotiable fixed-time deposits, bankers’ acceptances, and letters of credit of banks or savings and loan associations having capital, surplus, and undivided profits (as of the date of its most recently published annual financial statements) in excess of $100 million (or the equivalent in the instance of a foreign branch of a U.S. bank) at the date of investment. A fund also may purchase short-term notes and obligations of U.S. and foreign banks and corporations and may use repurchase agreements with broker-dealers registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and with commercial banks. (See also Commercial Paper, Debt Obligations, Repurchase Agreements, and Variable- or Floating-Rate Securities.) These types of instruments generally offer low rates of return and subject a fund to certain costs and expenses. See Appendix A for a discussion of securities ratings.

A fund may invest its daily cash balance in RiverSource Short-Term Cash Fund, a money market fund established for the exclusive use of the RiverSource funds and other institutional clients of RiverSource Investments.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with cash/money market instruments include: Credit Risk and Inflation Risk.

Collateralized Bond Obligations

Collateralized bond obligations (CBOs) are investment grade bonds backed by a pool of bonds, which may include junk bonds. CBOs are similar in concept to collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs), but differ in that CBOs represent different degrees of credit quality rather than different maturities. (See also Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities.) Underwriters of CBOs package a large and diversified pool of high-risk, high-yield junk bonds, which is then separated into “tiers.” Typically, the first tier represents the higher quality collateral and pays the lowest interest rate; the second tier is backed by riskier bonds and pays a higher rate; the third tier represents the lowest credit quality and instead of receiving a fixed interest rate receives the residual interest payments — money that is left over after the higher tiers have been paid. CBOs, like CMOs, are substantially overcollateralized and this, plus the diversification of the pool backing them, may earn certain of the tiers investment-grade bond ratings. Holders of third-tier CBOs stand to earn high yields or less money depending on the rate of defaults in the collateral pool. (See also High-Yield Debt Securities (Junk Bonds).)

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with CBOs include: Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, and Prepayment and Extension Risk.

Commercial Paper

Commercial paper is a short-term debt obligation with a maturity ranging from 2 to 270 days issued by banks, corporations, and other borrowers. It is sold to investors with temporary idle cash as a way to increase returns on a short-term basis. These instruments are generally unsecured, which increases the credit risk associated with this type of investment. (See also Debt Obligations and Illiquid and Restricted Securities.)

 

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Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with commercial paper include: Credit Risk and Liquidity Risk.

Common Stock

Common stock represents units of ownership in a corporation. Owners typically are entitled to vote on the selection of directors and other important matters as well as to receive dividends on their holdings. In the event that a corporation is liquidated, the claims of secured and unsecured creditors and owners of bonds and preferred stock take precedence over the claims of those who own common stock.

The price of common stock is generally determined by corporate earnings, type of products or services offered, projected growth rates, experience of management, liquidity, and general market conditions for the markets on which the stock trades.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with common stock include: Issuer Risk, Market Risk, and Small and Mid-Sized Company Risk.

Convertible Securities

Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stocks, or other securities that may be converted into common, preferred or other securities of the same or a different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price. Some convertible securities, such as preferred equity-redemption cumulative stock (PERCs), have mandatory conversion features. Others are voluntary. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest normally paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted, or exchanged. Convertible securities have unique investment characteristics in that they generally (i) have higher yields than common stocks but lower yields than comparable non-convertible securities, (ii) are less subject to fluctuation in value than the underlying stock since they have fixed income characteristics, and (iii) provide the potential for capital appreciation if the market price of the underlying common stock increases.

The value of a convertible security is a function of its “investment value” (determined by its yield in comparison with the yields of other securities of comparable maturity and quality that do not have a conversion privilege) and its “conversion value” (the security’s worth, at market value, if converted into the underlying common stock). The investment value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. The conversion value of a convertible security is determined by the market price of the underlying common stock. If the conversion value is low relative to the investment value, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value. Generally, the conversion value decreases as the convertible security approaches maturity. To the extent the market price of the underlying common stock approaches or exceeds the conversion price, the price of the convertible security will be increasingly influenced by its conversion value. A convertible security generally will sell at a premium over its conversion value by the extent to which investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed income security.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with convertible securities include: Interest Rate Risk, Issuer Risk, Market Risk, Prepayment and Extension Risk, and Reinvestment Risk.

Corporate Bonds

Corporate bonds are debt obligations issued by private corporations, as distinct from bonds issued by a government or its agencies or a municipality. Corporate bonds typically have four distinguishing features: (1) they are taxable; (2) they have a par value of $1,000; (3) they have a term maturity, which means they come due all at once; and (4) many are traded on major exchanges. Corporate bonds are subject to the same concerns as other debt obligations. (See also Debt Obligations and High-Yield Debt Securities (Junk Bonds).) Corporate bonds may be either secured or unsecured. Unsecured corporate bonds are generally referred to as “debentures.” See Appendix A for a discussion of securities ratings.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with corporate bonds include: Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Issuer Risk, Prepayment and Extension Risk, and Reinvestment Risk.

 

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Debt Obligations

Many different types of debt obligations exist (for example, bills, bonds, or notes). Issuers of debt obligations have a contractual obligation to pay interest at a fixed, variable or floating rate on specified dates and to repay principal on a specified maturity date. Certain debt obligations (usually intermediate- and long-term bonds) have provisions that allow the issuer to redeem or “call” a bond before its maturity. Issuers are most likely to call these securities during periods of falling interest rates. When this happens, an investor may have to replace these securities with lower yielding securities, which could result in a lower return.

The market value of debt obligations is affected primarily by changes in prevailing interest rates and the issuers perceived ability to repay the debt. The market value of a debt obligation generally reacts inversely to interest rate changes. When prevailing interest rates decline, the price usually rises, and when prevailing interest rates rise, the price usually declines.

In general, the longer the maturity of a debt obligation, the higher its yield and the greater the sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Conversely, the shorter the maturity, the lower the yield but the greater the price stability.

As noted, the values of debt obligations also may be affected by changes in the credit rating or financial condition of their issuers. Generally, the lower the quality rating of a security, the higher the degree of risk as to the payment of interest and return of principal. To compensate investors for taking on such increased risk, those issuers deemed to be less creditworthy generally must offer their investors higher interest rates than do issuers with better credit ratings. (See also Agency and Government Securities, Corporate Bonds, and High-Yield Debt Securities (Junk Bonds).)

Generally, debt obligations that are investment grade are those that have been rated in one of the top four credit quality categories by two out of the three independent rating agencies. In the event that a debt obligation has been rated by only two agencies, the most conservative, or lower, rating must be in one of the top four credit quality categories in order for the security to be considered investment grade. If only one agency has rated the debt obligation, that rating must be in one of the top four credit quality categories for the security to be considered investment grade. See Appendix A for a discussion of securities ratings.

All ratings limitations are applied at the time of purchase. Subsequent to purchase, a debt security may cease to be rated or its rating may be reduced below the minimum required for purchase by a fund. Neither event will require the sale of such a security, but it will be a factor in considering whether to continue to hold the security. To the extent that ratings change as a result of changes in a rating agency or its rating system, a fund will attempt to use comparable ratings as standards for selecting investments.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with debt obligations include: Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Issuer Risk, Prepayment and Extension Risk, and Reinvestment Risk.

Depositary Receipts

Some foreign securities are traded in the form of American Depositary Receipts (ADRs). ADRs are receipts typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company evidencing ownership of the underlying securities of foreign issuers. European Depositary Receipts (EDRs) and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) are receipts typically issued by foreign banks or trust companies, evidencing ownership of underlying securities issued by either a foreign or U.S. issuer. Generally, depositary receipts in registered form are designed for use in the U.S. and depositary receipts in bearer form are designed for use in securities markets outside the U.S. Depositary receipts may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities into which they may be converted. Depositary receipts involve the risks of other investments in foreign securities. In addition, ADR holders may not have all the legal rights of shareholders and may experience difficulty in receiving shareholder communications. (See also Common Stock and Foreign Securities.)

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with depositary receipts include: Foreign/Emerging Markets Risk, Issuer Risk, and Market Risk.

Derivative Instruments

Derivative instruments are commonly defined to include securities or contracts whose values depend, in whole or in part, on (or “derive” from) the value of one or more other assets, such as securities, currencies, or commodities.

 

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A derivative instrument generally consists of, is based upon, or exhibits characteristics similar to options or forward contracts. Such instruments may be used to maintain cash reserves while remaining fully invested, to offset anticipated declines in values of investments, to facilitate trading, to reduce transaction costs, or to pursue higher investment returns. Derivative instruments are characterized by requiring little or no initial payment. Their value changes daily based on a security, a currency, a group of securities or currencies, or an index. A small change in the value of the underlying security, currency, or index can cause a sizable percentage gain or loss in the price of the derivative instrument.

Options and forward contracts are considered to be the basic “building blocks” of derivatives. For example, forward-based derivatives include forward contracts, swap contracts, and exchange-traded futures. Forward-based derivatives are sometimes referred to generically as “futures contracts.” Option-based derivatives include privately negotiated, over-the-counter (OTC) options (including caps, floors, collars, and options on futures) and exchange-traded options on futures. Diverse types of derivatives may be created by combining options or futures in different ways, and by applying these structures to a wide range of underlying assets.

Options. An option is a contract. A person who buys a call option for a security has the right to buy the security at a set price for the length of the contract. A person who sells a call option is called a writer. The writer of a call option agrees for the length of the contract to sell the security at the set price when the buyer wants to exercise the option, no matter what the market price of the security is at that time. A person who buys a put option has the right to sell a security at a set price for the length of the contract. A person who writes a put option agrees to buy the security at the set price if the purchaser wants to exercise the option during the length of the contract, no matter what the market price of the security is at that time. An option is covered if the writer owns the security (in the case of a call) or sets aside the cash or securities of equivalent value (in the case of a put) that would be required upon exercise.

The price paid by the buyer for an option is called a premium. In addition to the premium, the buyer generally pays a broker a commission. The writer receives a premium, less another commission, at the time the option is written. The premium received by the writer is retained whether or not the option is exercised. A writer of a call option may have to sell the security for a below-market price if the market price rises above the exercise price. A writer of a put option may have to pay an above-market price for the security if its market price decreases below the exercise price.

When an option is purchased, the buyer pays a premium and a commission. It then pays a second commission on the purchase or sale of the underlying security if the option is exercised. For record keeping and tax purposes, the price obtained on the sale of the underlying security is the combination of the exercise price, the premium, and both commissions.

One of the risks an investor assumes when it buys an option is the loss of the premium. To be beneficial to the investor, the price of the underlying security must change within the time set by the option contract. Furthermore, the change must be sufficient to cover the premium paid, the commissions paid both in the acquisition of the option and in a closing transaction or in the exercise of the option and sale (in the case of a call) or purchase (in the case of a put) of the underlying security. Even then, the price change in the underlying security does not ensure a profit since prices in the option market may not reflect such a change.

Options on many securities are listed on options exchanges. If a fund writes listed options, it will follow the rules of the options exchange. Options are valued at the close of the New York Stock Exchange. An option listed on a national exchange, Chicago Board Options Exchange, or NASDAQ will be valued at the mean of the last bid and ask prices.

Options on certain securities are not actively traded on any exchange, but may be entered into directly with a dealer. These options may be more difficult to close. If an investor is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction, it will not be able to sell the underlying security until the call written by the investor expires or is exercised.

Futures Contracts. A futures contract is a sales contract between a buyer (holding the “long” position) and a seller (holding the “short” position) for an asset with delivery deferred until a future date. The buyer agrees to pay a fixed price at the agreed future date and the seller agrees to deliver the asset. The seller hopes that the market price on the delivery date is less than the agreed upon price, while the buyer hopes for the contrary. Many futures contracts trade in a manner similar to the way a stock trades on a stock exchange and the commodity exchanges.

Generally, a futures contract is terminated by entering into an offsetting transaction. An offsetting transaction is effected by an investor taking an opposite position. At the time a futures contract is made, a good faith deposit called initial margin is set up. Daily

 

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thereafter, the futures contract is valued and the payment of variation margin is required so that each day a buyer would pay out cash in an amount equal to any decline in the contract’s value or receive cash equal to any increase. At the time a futures contract is closed out, a nominal commission is paid, which is generally lower than the commission on a comparable transaction in the cash market.

Futures contracts may be based on various securities, securities indexes (such as the S&P 500 Index), foreign currencies and other financial instruments and indexes.

A fund may engage in futures and related options transactions to produce incremental earnings, to hedge existing positions, and to increase flexibility. The fund intends to comply with Rule 4.5 of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), under which a mutual fund is exempt from the definition of a “commodity pool operator.” The fund, therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator, meaning that the fund may invest in futures contracts without registering with the CFTC.

Options on Futures Contracts. Options on futures contracts give the holder a right to buy or sell futures contracts in the future. Unlike a futures contract, which requires the parties to the contract to buy and sell a security on a set date (some futures are settled in cash), an option on a futures contract merely entitles its holder to decide on or before a future date (within nine months of the date of issue) whether to enter into a contract. If the holder decides not to enter into the contract, all that is lost is the amount (premium) paid for the option. Further, because the value of the option is fixed at the point of sale, there are no daily payments of cash to reflect the change in the value of the underlying contract. However, since an option gives the buyer the right to enter into a contract at a set price for a fixed period of time, its value does change daily.

One of the risks in buying an option on a futures contract is the loss of the premium paid for the option. The risk involved in writing options on futures contracts an investor owns, or on securities held in its portfolio, is that there could be an increase in the market value of these contracts or securities. If that occurred, the option would be exercised and the asset sold at a lower price than the cash market price. To some extent, the risk of not realizing a gain could be reduced by entering into a closing transaction. An investor could enter into a closing transaction by purchasing an option with the same terms as the one previously sold. The cost to close the option and terminate the investor’s obligation, however, might still result in a loss. Further, the investor might not be able to close the option because of insufficient activity in the options market. Purchasing options also limits the use of monies that might otherwise be available for long-term investments.

Options on Indexes. Options on indexes are securities traded on national securities exchanges. An option on an index is similar to an option on a futures contract except all settlements are in cash. A fund exercising a put, for example, would receive the difference between the exercise price and the current index level. Options may also be traded with respect to other types of indexes, such as options on indexes of commodities futures.

Currency Options. Options on currencies are contracts that give the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call options) or sell (put options) a specified amount of a currency at a predetermined price (strike price) on or before the option matures (expiry date). Conversely, the seller has the obligation to buy or sell a currency option upon exercise of the option by the purchaser. Currency options are traded either on a national securities exchange or over-the-counter.

Tax and Accounting Treatment. As permitted under federal income tax laws and to the extent a fund is allowed to invest in futures contracts, a fund would intend to identify futures contracts as part of a mixed straddle and not mark them to market, that is, not treat them as having been sold at the end of the year at market value. If a fund is using short futures contracts for hedging purposes, the fund may be required to defer recognizing losses incurred on short futures contracts and on underlying securities. Any losses incurred on securities that are part of a straddle may be deferred to the extent there is unrealized appreciation on the offsetting position until the offsetting position is sold. Federal income tax treatment of gains or losses from transactions in options, options on futures contracts and indexes will depend on whether the option is a section 1256 contract. If the option is a non-equity option, a fund would either make a 1256(d) election and treat the option as a mixed straddle or mark to market the option at fiscal year end and treat the gain/loss as 40% short-term and 60% long-term.

The IRS has ruled publicly that an exchange-traded call option is a security for purposes of the 50%-of-assets test and that its issuer is the issuer of the underlying security, not the writer of the option, for purposes of the diversification requirements.

Accounting for futures contracts will be according to generally accepted accounting principles. Initial margin deposits will be recognized as assets due from a broker (a fund’s agent in acquiring the futures position). During the period the futures contract is

 

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open, changes in value of the contract will be recognized as unrealized gains or losses by marking to market on a daily basis to reflect the market value of the contract at the end of each day’s trading. Variation margin payments will be made or received depending upon whether gains or losses are incurred. All contracts and options will be valued at the last-quoted sales price on their primary exchange.

Other Risks of Derivatives. The primary risk of derivatives is the same as the risk of the underlying asset, namely that the value of the underlying asset may go up or down. Adverse movements in the value of an underlying asset can expose an investor to losses. Derivative instruments may include elements of leverage and, accordingly, the fluctuation of the value of the derivative instrument in relation to the underlying asset may be magnified. The successful use of derivative instruments depends upon a variety of factors, particularly the investment manager’s ability to predict movements of the securities, currencies, and commodity markets, which requires different skills than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. There can be no assurance that any particular strategy will succeed.

Another risk is the risk that a loss may be sustained as a result of the failure of a counterparty to comply with the terms of a derivative instrument. The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivative instruments is generally less than for privately-negotiated or OTC derivative instruments, since generally a clearing agency, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For privately-negotiated instruments, there is no similar clearing agency guarantee. In all transactions, an investor will bear the risk that the counterparty will default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transaction and possibly other losses.

When a derivative transaction is used to completely hedge another position, changes in the market value of the combined position (the derivative instrument plus the position being hedged) result from an imperfect correlation between the price movements of the two instruments. With a perfect hedge, the value of the combined position remains unchanged for any change in the price of the underlying asset. With an imperfect hedge, the values of the derivative instrument and its hedge are not perfectly correlated. For example, if the value of a derivative instrument used in a short hedge (such as writing a call option, buying a put option, or selling a futures contract) increased by less than the decline in value of the hedged investment, the hedge would not be perfectly correlated. Such a lack of correlation might occur due to factors unrelated to the value of the investments being hedged, such as speculative or other pressures on the markets in which these instruments are traded.

Derivatives also are subject to the risk that they cannot be sold, closed out, or replaced quickly at or very close to their fundamental value. Generally, exchange contracts are very liquid because the exchange clearinghouse is the counterparty of every contract. OTC transactions are less liquid than exchange-traded derivatives since they often can only be closed out with the other party to the transaction.

Another risk is caused by the legal unenforcibility of a party’s obligations under the derivative. A counterparty that has lost money in a derivative transaction may try to avoid payment by exploiting various legal uncertainties about certain derivative products.

(See also Foreign Currency Transactions.)

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with derivative instruments include: Derivatives Risk and Liquidity Risk.

Exchange-Traded Funds

Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) represent shares of ownership in funds, unit investment trusts or depositary receipts. ETFs hold portfolios of securities that are designed to replicate, as closely as possible before expenses, the price and yield of a specified market index. The performance results of ETFs will not replicate exactly the performance of the pertinent index due to transaction and other expenses, including fees to service providers, borne by ETFs. ETF shares are sold and redeemed at net asset value only in large blocks called creation units and redemption units, respectively. The fund’s ability to redeem redemption units may be limited by the 1940 Act, which provides that ETFs will not be obligated to redeem shares held by the funds in an amount exceeding one percentage of their total outstanding securities during any period of less than 30 days. There is a risk that Underlying ETFs in which a fund invests may terminate due to extraordinary events. ETF shares also may be purchased and sold in secondary market trading on national securities exchanges, which allows investors to purchase and sell ETF shares at their market price throughout the day.

 

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Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, investments in ETFs involve the same risks associated with a direct investment in the types of securities included in the indices the ETFs are designed to replicate, including Market Risk. ETFs generally use a “passive” investment strategy and will not attempt to take defensive positions in volatile or declining markets. Shares of an ETF may trade at a market price that is less than their net asset value and an active trading market in such shares may not develop or continue and may be halted or interrupted due to actions by its listing exchange, unusual market conditions or other reasons. For example, any of the service providers to ETFs, such as the trustee or sponsor, may close or otherwise fail to perform their obligations to the ETF, and the ETF may not be able to find a substitute service provider. Also, ETFs may be dependent upon licenses to use the various indices as a basis for determining their compositions and/or otherwise to use certain trade names. If these licenses are terminated, the ETFs may also terminate. In addition, an ETF may terminate if its net assets fall below a certain amount. Although the funds believe that, in the event of the termination of an ETF, they will be able to invest instead in shares of an alternate ETF tracking the same market index or another index covering the same general market, there can be no assurance that shares of an alternate ETF would be available for investment at that time. There can be no assurance an ETF’s shares will continue to be listed on an active exchange. Finally, there can be no assurance that the portfolio of securities purchased by an ETF to replicate a particular index will replicate such index.

ETFs, because they invest in other securities (e.g., common stocks of small-, mid- and large capitalization companies (U.S. and foreign, including, for example, real estate investment trusts and emerging markets securities) and fixed income securities), are subject to the risks of investment associated with these and other types of investments, as described in this SAI.

Floating Rate Loans

Most floating rate loans are acquired directly from the agent bank or from another holder of the loan by assignment. Most such loans are secured, and most impose restrictive covenants which must be met by the borrower. These loans are typically made by a syndicate of banks and institutional investors, represented by an agent bank which has negotiated and structured the loan and which is responsible generally for collecting interest, principal, and other amounts from the borrower on its own behalf and on behalf of the other lending institutions in the syndicate, and for enforcing its and their other rights against the borrower. Each of the lending institutions, including the agent bank, lends to the borrower a portion of the total amount of the loan, and retains the corresponding interest in the loan. Floating rate loans may include delayed draw term loans and prefunded or synthetic letters of credit.

A fund’s ability to receive payments of principal and interest and other amounts in connection with loans held by it will depend primarily on the financial condition of the borrower. The failure by the fund to receive scheduled interest or principal payments on a loan would adversely affect the income of the fund and would likely reduce the value of its assets, which would be reflected in a reduction in the fund’s net asset value. Banks and other lending institutions generally perform a credit analysis of the borrower before originating a loan or purchasing an assignment in a loan. In selecting the loans in which the fund will invest, however, the investment manager will not rely on that credit analysis of the agent bank, but will perform its own investment analysis of the borrowers. The investment manager’s analysis may include consideration of the borrower’s financial strength and managerial experience, debt coverage, additional borrowing requirements or debt maturity schedules, changing financial conditions, and responsiveness to changes in business conditions and interest rates. The majority of loans the fund will invest in will be rated by one or more of the nationally recognized rating agencies. Investments in loans may be of any quality, including “distressed” loans, and will be subject to the fund’s credit quality policy.

Loans may be structured in different forms, including assignments and participations. In an assignment, a fund purchases an assignment of a portion of a lender’s interest in a loan. In this case, the fund may be required generally to rely upon the assigning bank to demand payment and enforce its rights against the borrower, but would otherwise be entitled to all of such bank’s rights in the loan.

The borrower of a loan may, either at its own election or pursuant to terms of the loan documentation, prepay amounts of the loan from time to time. There is no assurance that a fund will be able to reinvest the proceeds of any loan prepayment at the same interest rate or on the same terms as those of the original loan.

Corporate loans in which a fund may purchase a loan assignment are made generally to finance internal growth, mergers, acquisitions, recapitalizations, stock repurchases, leveraged buy-outs, dividend payments to sponsors and other corporate activities. The highly leveraged capital structure of certain borrowers may make such loans especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. The fund may hold investments in loans for a very short period of time when opportunities to resell the investments that the investment manager believes are attractive arise.

 

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Certain of the loans acquired by a fund may involve revolving credit facilities under which a borrower may from time to time borrow and repay amounts up to the maximum amount of the facility. In such cases, the fund would have an obligation to advance its portion of such additional borrowings upon the terms specified in the loan assignment. To the extent that the fund is committed to make additional loans under such an assignment, it will at all times designate cash or securities in an amount sufficient to meet such commitments.

Notwithstanding its intention in certain situations to not receive material, non-public information with respect to its management of investments in floating rate loans, the investment manager may from time to time come into possession of material, non-public information about the issuers of loans that may be held in a fund’s portfolio. Possession of such information may in some instances occur despite the investment manager’s efforts to avoid such possession, but in other instances the investment manager may choose to receive such information (for example, in connection with participation in a creditors’ committee with respect to a financially distressed issuer). As, and to the extent, required by applicable law, the investment manager’s ability to trade in these loans for the account of the fund could potentially be limited by its possession of such information. Such limitations on the investment manager’s ability to trade could have an adverse effect on the fund by, for example, preventing the fund from selling a loan that is experiencing a material decline in value. In some instances, these trading restrictions could continue in effect for a substantial period of time.

In some instances, other accounts managed by the investment manager may hold other securities issued by borrowers whose floating rate loans may be held in a fund’s portfolio. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the floating rate loans held in the fund’s portfolio, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities. In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the issuer deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the issuer’s floating rate loans. In such cases, the investment manager may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the fund and other client accounts. The investment manager will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if the investment manager’s client accounts collectively held only a single category of the issuer’s securities.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with floating rate loans include: Credit Risk and Prepayment and Extension Risk.

Foreign Currency Transactions

Investments in foreign securities usually involve currencies of foreign countries. In addition, a fund may hold cash and cash equivalent investments in foreign currencies. As a result, the value of a fund’s assets as measured in U.S. dollars may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency exchange rates and exchange control regulations. Also, a fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time causing a fund’s NAV (Net Asset Value) to fluctuate. Currency exchange rates are generally determined by the forces of supply and demand in the foreign exchange markets, actual or anticipated changes in interest rates, and other complex factors. Currency exchange rates also can be affected by the intervention of U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments.

Spot Rates and Derivative Instruments. A fund may conduct its foreign currency exchange transactions either at the spot (cash) rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or by entering into forward currency exchange contracts (forward contracts). (See also Derivative Instruments.) These contracts are traded in the interbank market conducted directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers. Because foreign currency transactions occurring in the interbank market might involve substantially larger amounts than those involved in the use of such derivative instruments, a fund could be disadvantaged by having to deal in the odd lot market for the underlying foreign currencies at prices that are less favorable than for round lots.

A fund may enter into forward contracts for a variety of reasons, but primarily it will enter into such contracts for risk management (hedging) or for investment purposes.

A fund may enter into forward contracts to settle a security transaction or handle dividend and interest collection. When a fund enters into a contract for the purchase or sale of a security denominated in a foreign currency or has been notified of a dividend or interest payment, it may desire to lock in the price of the security or the amount of the payment, usually in U.S. dollars, although it could desire to lock in the price of the security in another currency. By entering into a forward contract, a fund would be able to protect itself

 

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against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between different currencies from the date the security is purchased or sold to the date on which payment is made or received or when the dividend or interest is actually received.

A fund may enter into forward contracts when management of the fund believes the currency of a particular foreign country may decline in value relative to another currency. When selling currencies forward in this fashion, a fund may seek to hedge the value of foreign securities it holds against an adverse move in exchange rates. The precise matching of forward contract amounts and the value of securities involved generally will not be possible since the future value of securities in foreign currencies more than likely will change between the date the forward contract is entered into and the date it matures. The projection of short-term currency market movements is extremely difficult and successful execution of a short-term hedging strategy is highly uncertain. Unless specifically permitted, a fund would not enter into such forward contracts or maintain a net exposure to such contracts when consummating the contracts would obligate it to deliver an amount of foreign currency in excess of the value of its securities or other assets denominated in that currency.

This method of protecting the value of the fund’s securities against a decline in the value of a currency does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities. It simply establishes a rate of exchange that can be achieved at some point in time. Although forward contracts tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in value of hedged currency, they tend to limit any potential gain that might result should the value of such currency increase.

A fund may also enter into forward contracts when its management believes the currency of a particular country will increase in value relative to another currency. A fund may buy currencies forward to gain exposure to a currency without incurring the additional costs of purchasing securities denominated in that currency.

The funds may also invest in a combination of forward currency contracts and U.S. dollar-denominated market instruments in an attempt to obtain an investment result that is substantially the same as a direct investment in a foreign currency-denominated instrument. For example, the combination of U.S. dollar-denominated instruments with long forward currency exchange contracts creates a position economically equivalent to a position in the foreign currency, in anticipation of an increase in the value of the foreign currency against the U.S. dollar. Conversely, the combination of U.S. dollar-denominated instruments with short forward currency exchange contracts is economically equivalent to borrowing the foreign currency for delivery at a specified date in the future, in anticipation of a decrease in the value of the foreign currency against the U.S. dollar. Unanticipated changes in the currency exchange results could result in poorer performance for funds that enter into these types of transactions.

A fund may designate cash or securities in an amount equal to the value of the fund’s total assets committed to consummating forward contracts entered into under the circumstance set forth above. If the value of the securities declines, additional cash or securities will be designated on a daily basis so that the value of the cash or securities will equal the amount of the fund’s commitments on such contracts.

At maturity of a forward contract, a fund may either deliver (if a contract to sell) or take delivery of (if a contract to buy) the foreign currency or terminate its contractual obligation by entering into an offsetting contract with the same currency trader, the same maturity date, and covering the same amount of foreign currency.

If a fund engages in an offsetting transaction, it would incur a gain or loss to the extent there has been movement in forward contract prices. If a fund engages in an offsetting transaction, it may subsequently enter into a new forward contract to buy or sell the foreign currency.

Although a fund values its assets each business day in terms of U.S. dollars, it may not intend to convert its foreign currencies into U.S. dollars on a daily basis. It would do so from time to time, and shareholders should be aware of currency conversion costs. Although foreign exchange dealers do not charge a fee for conversion, they do realize a profit based on the difference (spread) between the prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies.

Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency to a fund at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should a fund desire to resell that currency to the dealer.

 

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Options on Foreign Currencies. A fund may buy put and call options and write covered call and cash-secured put options on foreign currencies for hedging purposes and to gain exposure to foreign currencies. For example, a decline in the dollar value of a foreign currency in which securities are denominated will reduce the dollar value of such securities, even if their value in the foreign currency remains constant. In order to protect against the diminutions in the value of securities, a fund may buy put options on the foreign currency. If the value of the currency does decline, a fund would have the right to sell the currency for a fixed amount in dollars and would offset, in whole or in part, the adverse effect on its portfolio that otherwise would have resulted. Conversely, where a change in the dollar value of a currency would increase the cost of securities a fund plans to buy, or where a fund would benefit from increased exposure to the currency, a fund may buy call options on the foreign currency. The purchase of the options could offset, at least partially, the changes in exchange rates.

As in the case of other types of options, however, the benefit to a fund derived from purchases of foreign currency options would be reduced by the amount of the premium and related transaction costs. In addition, where currency exchange rates do not move in the direction or to the extent anticipated, a fund could sustain losses on transactions in foreign currency options that would require it to forego a portion or all of the benefits of advantageous changes in rates.

A fund may write options on foreign currencies for the same types of purposes. For example, when a fund anticipates a decline in the dollar value of foreign-denominated securities due to adverse fluctuations in exchange rates it could, instead of purchasing a put option, write a call option on the relevant currency. If the expected decline occurs, the option would most likely not be exercised and the diminution in value of securities would be fully or partially offset by the amount of the premium received.

Similarly, instead of purchasing a call option when a foreign currency is expected to appreciate, a fund could write a put option on the relevant currency. If rates move in the manner projected, the put option would expire unexercised and allow the fund to hedge increased cost up to the amount of the premium.

As in the case of other types of options, however, the writing of a foreign currency option will constitute only a partial hedge up to the amount of the premium, and only if rates move in the expected direction. If this does not occur, the option may be exercised and the fund would be required to buy or sell the underlying currency at a loss that may not be offset by the amount of the premium. Through the writing of options on foreign currencies, the fund also may be required to forego all or a portion of the benefits that might otherwise have been obtained from favorable movements on exchange rates.

All options written on foreign currencies will be covered. An option written on foreign currencies is covered if a fund holds currency sufficient to cover the option or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that currency without additional cash consideration upon conversion of assets denominated in that currency or exchange of other currency held in its portfolio. An option writer could lose amounts substantially in excess of its initial investments, due to the margin and collateral requirements associated with such positions.

Options on foreign currencies are traded through financial institutions acting as market-makers, although foreign currency options also are traded on certain national securities exchanges, such as the Philadelphia Stock Exchange and the Chicago Board Options Exchange, subject to SEC regulation. In an over-the-counter trading environment, many of the protections afforded to exchange participants will not be available. For example, there are no daily price fluctuation limits, and adverse market movements could therefore continue to an unlimited extent over a period of time. Although the purchaser of an option cannot lose more than the amount of the premium plus related transaction costs, this entire amount could be lost.

Foreign currency option positions entered into on a national securities exchange are cleared and guaranteed by the Options Clearing Corporation (OCC), thereby reducing the risk of counterparty default. Further, a liquid secondary market in options traded on a national securities exchange may be more readily available than in the over-the-counter market, potentially permitting a fund to liquidate open positions at a profit prior to exercise or expiration, or to limit losses in the event of adverse market movements.

The purchase and sale of exchange-traded foreign currency options, however, is subject to the risks of availability of a liquid secondary market described above, as well as the risks regarding adverse market movements, margining of options written, the nature of the foreign currency market, possible intervention by governmental authorities and the effects of other political and economic events. In addition, exchange-traded options on foreign currencies involve certain risks not presented by the over-the-counter market. For example, exercise and settlement of such options must be made exclusively through the OCC, which has established banking relationships in certain foreign countries for that purpose. As a result, the OCC may, if it determines that foreign governmental

 

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restrictions or taxes would prevent the orderly settlement of foreign currency option exercises, or would result in undue burdens on OCC or its clearing member, impose special procedures on exercise and settlement, such as technical changes in the mechanics of delivery of currency, the fixing of dollar settlement prices or prohibitions on exercise.

Foreign Currency Futures and Related Options. A fund may enter into currency futures contracts to buy or sell currencies. It also may buy put and call options and write covered call and cash-secured put options on currency futures. Currency futures contracts are similar to currency forward contracts, except that they are traded on exchanges (and have margin requirements) and are standardized as to contract size and delivery date. Most currency futures call for payment of delivery in U.S. dollars. A fund may use currency futures for the same purposes as currency forward contracts, subject to CFTC limitations.

Currency futures and options on futures values can be expected to correlate with exchange rates, but will not reflect other factors that may affect the value of the fund’s investments. A currency hedge, for example, should protect a Yen-denominated bond against a decline in the Yen, but will not protect a fund against price decline if the issuer’s creditworthiness deteriorates. Because the value of a fund’s investments denominated in foreign currency will change in response to many factors other than exchange rates, it may not be possible to match the amount of a forward contract to the value of a fund’s investments denominated in that currency over time.

A fund will hold securities or other options or futures positions whose values are expected to offset its obligations.

The fund would not enter into an option or futures position that exposes the fund to an obligation to another party unless it owns either (i) an offsetting position in securities or (ii) cash, receivables and short-term debt securities with a value sufficient to cover its potential obligations. (See also Derivative Instruments and Foreign Securities.)

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with foreign currency transactions include: Derivatives Risk, Interest Rate Risk, and Liquidity Risk.

Foreign Securities

Foreign securities, foreign currencies, and securities issued by U.S. entities with substantial foreign operations involve special risks, including those set forth below, which are not typically associated with investing in U.S. securities. Foreign companies are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards comparable to those applicable to domestic companies. Additionally, many foreign stock markets, while growing in volume of trading activity, have substantially less volume than the New York Stock Exchange, and securities of some foreign companies are less liquid and more volatile than securities of domestic companies. Similarly, volume and liquidity in most foreign bond markets are less than the volume and liquidity in the U.S. and, at times, volatility of price can be greater than in the U.S. Further, foreign markets have different clearance, settlement, registration, and communication procedures and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Delays in such procedures could result in temporary periods when assets are uninvested and no return is earned on them. The inability of an investor to make intended security purchases due to such problems could cause the investor to miss attractive investment opportunities. Payment for securities without delivery may be required in certain foreign markets and, when participating in new issues, some foreign countries require payment to be made in advance of issuance (at the time of issuance, the market value of the security may be more or less than the purchase price). Some foreign markets also have compulsory depositories (i.e., an investor does not have a choice as to where the securities are held). Fixed commissions on some foreign stock exchanges are generally higher than negotiated commissions on U.S. exchanges. Further, an investor may encounter difficulties or be unable to pursue legal remedies and obtain judgments in foreign courts. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of business and industry practices, stock exchanges, brokers, and listed companies than in the U.S. It may be more difficult for an investor’s agents to keep currently informed about corporate actions such as stock dividends or other matters that may affect the prices of portfolio securities. Communications between the U.S. and foreign countries may be less reliable than within the U.S., thus increasing the risk of delays or loss of certificates for portfolio securities. In addition, with respect to certain foreign countries, there is the possibility of nationalization, expropriation, the imposition of additional withholding or confiscatory taxes, political, social, or economic instability, diplomatic developments that could affect investments in those countries, or other unforeseen actions by regulatory bodies (such as changes to settlement or custody procedures).

The risks of foreign investing may be magnified for investments in emerging markets, which may have relatively unstable governments, economies based on only a few industries, and securities markets that trade a small number of securities.

 

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The introduction of a single currency, the euro, on Jan. 1, 1999 for participating European nations in the Economic and Monetary Union (EU) presents unique uncertainties, including the legal treatment of certain outstanding financial contracts after Jan. 1, 1999 that refer to existing currencies rather than the euro; the establishment and maintenance of exchange rates; the fluctuation of the euro relative to non-euro currencies; whether the interest rate, tax or labor regimes of European countries participating in the euro will converge over time; and whether the admission of other countries such as Poland, Latvia, and Lithuania as members of the EU may have an impact on the euro.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with foreign securities include: Foreign/Emerging Markets Risk and Issuer Risk.

Funding Agreements

A fund may invest in funding agreements issued by domestic insurance companies. Funding agreements are short-term, privately placed, debt obligations of insurance companies that offer a fixed- or floating-rate of interest. These investments are not readily marketable and therefore are considered to be illiquid securities. (See also Illiquid and Restricted Securities.)

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with funding agreements include: Credit Risk and Liquidity Risk.

High-Yield Debt Securities (Junk Bonds)

High yield (high-risk) debt securities are sometimes referred to as junk bonds. They are non-investment grade (lower quality) securities that have speculative characteristics. Lower quality securities, while generally offering higher yields than investment grade securities with similar maturities, involve greater risks, including the possibility of default or bankruptcy. They are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The special risk considerations in connection with investments in these securities are discussed below.

See Appendix A for a discussion of securities ratings. (See also Debt Obligations.)

All fixed rate interest-bearing securities typically experience appreciation when interest rates decline and depreciation when interest rates rise. The market values of lower-quality and comparable unrated securities tend to reflect individual corporate developments to a greater extent than do higher rated securities, which react primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. Lower-quality and comparable unrated securities also tend to be more sensitive to economic conditions than are higher-rated securities. As a result, they generally involve more credit risks than securities in the higher-rated categories. During an economic downturn or a sustained period of rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers of lower-quality securities may experience financial stress and may not have sufficient revenues to meet their payment obligations. The issuer’s ability to service its debt obligations also may be adversely affected by specific corporate developments, the issuer’s inability to meet specific projected business forecasts, or the unavailability of additional financing. The risk of loss due to default by an issuer of these securities is significantly greater than a default by issuers of higher-rated securities because such securities are generally unsecured and are often subordinated to other creditors. Further, if the issuer of a lower quality security defaulted, an investor might incur additional expenses to seek recovery.

Credit ratings issued by credit rating agencies are designed to evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments of rated securities. They do not, however, evaluate the market value risk of lower-quality securities and, therefore, may not fully reflect the true risks of an investment. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes in a rating to reflect changes in the economy or in the condition of the issuer that affect the market value of the securities. Consequently, credit ratings are used only as a preliminary indicator of investment quality.

An investor may have difficulty disposing of certain lower-quality and comparable unrated securities because there may be a thin trading market for such securities. Because not all dealers maintain markets in all lower quality and comparable unrated securities, there is no established retail secondary market for many of these securities. To the extent a secondary trading market does exist, it is generally not as liquid as the secondary market for higher-rated securities. The lack of a liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the market price of the security. The lack of a liquid secondary market for certain securities also may make it more difficult for an investor to obtain accurate market quotations. Market quotations are generally available on many lower-quality and comparable unrated issues only from a limited number of dealers and may not necessarily represent firm bids of such dealers or prices for actual sales.

 

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Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with high-yield debt securities include: Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, and Prepayment and Extension Risk.

Illiquid and Restricted Securities

Illiquid securities are securities that are not readily marketable. These securities may include, but are not limited to, certain securities that are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale, certain repurchase agreements, and derivative instruments. To the extent a fund invests in illiquid or restricted securities, it may encounter difficulty in determining a market value for the securities. Disposing of illiquid or restricted securities may involve time-consuming negotiations and legal expense, and it may be difficult or impossible for a fund to sell the investment promptly and at an acceptable price.

In determining the liquidity of all securities and derivatives, such as Rule 144A securities, which are unregistered securities offered to qualified institutional buyers, and interest-only and principal-only fixed mortgage-backed securities (IOs and POs) issued by the U.S. government or its agencies and instrumentalities the investment manager, under guidelines established by the Board, will consider any relevant factors including the frequency of trades, the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security and the nature of marketplace trades.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with illiquid and restricted securities include: Liquidity Risk.

Indexed Securities

The value of indexed securities is linked to currencies, interest rates, commodities, indexes, or other financial indicators. Most indexed securities are short- to intermediate-term fixed income securities whose values at maturity or interest rates rise or fall according to the change in one or more specified underlying instruments. Indexed securities may be more volatile than the underlying instrument itself and they may be less liquid than the securities represented by the index. (See also Derivative Instruments.)

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with indexed securities include: Liquidity Risk and Market Risk.

Inflation Protected Securities

Inflation is a general rise in prices of goods and services. Inflation erodes the purchasing power of an investor’s assets. For example, if an investment provides a total return of 7% in a given year and inflation is 3% during that period, the inflation-adjusted, or real, return is 4%. Inflation-protected securities are debt securities whose principal and/or interest payments are adjusted for inflation, unlike debt securities that make fixed principal and interest payments. One type of inflation-protected debt security is issued by the U.S. Treasury. The principal of these securities is adjusted for inflation as indicated by the Consumer Price Index for Urban Consumers (CPI) and interest is paid on the adjusted amount. The CPI is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy.

If the CPI falls, the principal value of inflation-protected securities will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Conversely, if the CPI rises, the principal value of inflation-protected securities will be adjusted upward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities will be increased. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-protected securities, even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of the inflation-protected securities is not guaranteed and will fluctuate. Other inflation-indexed securities include inflation-related bonds, which may or may not provide a similar guarantee. If a guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal.

Other issuers of inflation-protected debt securities include other U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities, corporations and foreign governments. There can be no assurance that the CPI or any foreign inflation index will accurately measure the real rate of

 

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inflation in the prices of goods and services. Moreover, there can be no assurance that the rate of inflation in a foreign country will be correlated to the rate of inflation in the United States.

If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in currency exchange rates), investors in these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bond’s inflation measure.

Any increase in principal for an inflation-protected security resulting from inflation adjustments is considered by IRS regulations to be taxable income in the year it occurs. For direct holders of an inflation-protected security, this means that taxes must be paid on principal adjustments even though these amounts are not received until the bond matures. By contrast, a fund holding these securities distributes both interest income and the income attributable to principal adjustments in the form of cash or reinvested shares, which are taxable to shareholders.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with inflation-protected securities include: Interest Rate Risk and Market Risk.

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs)

Companies issuing IPOs generally have limited operating histories, and their prospects for future profitability are uncertain. These companies often are engaged in new and evolving businesses and are particularly vulnerable to competition and to changes in technology, markets and economic conditions. They may be dependent on certain key managers and third parties, need more personnel and other resources to manage growth and require significant additional capital. They may also be dependent on limited product lines and uncertain property rights and need regulatory approvals. Funds that invest in IPOs can be affected by sales of additional shares and by concentration of control in existing management and principal shareholders. Stock prices of IPOs can also be highly unstable, due to the absence of a prior public market, the small number of shares available for trading and limited investor information. Most IPOs involve a high degree of risk not normally associated with offerings of more seasoned companies.

Although one or more risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with IPOs include: Small and Mid-Sized Company Risk and Initial Public Offering (IPO) Risk.

Inverse Floaters

Inverse floaters or inverse floating rate securities are a type of derivative long-term fixed income obligation with a floating or variable interest rate that moves in the opposite direction of short-term interest rates. As short-term interest rates go down, the holders of the inverse floaters receive more income and, as short-term interest rates go up, the holders of the inverse floaters receive less income. As with all long-term fixed income securities, the price of the inverse floater moves inversely with long-term interest rates; as long-term interest rates go down, the price of the inverse floater moves up and, when long-term interest rates go up, the price of the inverse floater moves down. While inverse floater securities tend to provide more income than similar term and credit quality fixed-rate bonds, they also exhibit greater volatility in price movement (both up and down).

In the municipal market an inverse floater is typically created when the owner of a municipal fixed rate bond transfers that bond to a trust in exchange for cash and a residual interest in the trust’s assets and cash flows (inverse floater certificates). The trust funds the purchase of the bond by issuing two classes of certificates: short-term floating rate notes (typically sold to third parties) and the inverse floaters (also known as residual certificates). No additional income beyond that provided by the trust’s underlying bond is created; rather, that income is merely divided-up between the two classes of certificates. The holder of the inverse floating rate securities typically has the right to (1) cause the holders of the short-term floating rate notes to tender their notes at par ($100) and (2) to return the inverse floaters and withdraw the underlying bonds, thereby collapsing the trust. (See also Derivative Instruments.)

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with transactions in inverse floaters include: Interest Rate Risk, Credit Risk, Liquidity Risk and Market Risk.

Investment Companies

Investing in securities issued by registered and unregistered investment companies may involve the duplication of advisory fees and certain other expenses.

 

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Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with the securities of other investment companies include: Market Risk.

Lending of Portfolio Securities

To generate additional income, a fund may lend up to one-third of the value of its total assets to broker-dealers, banks or other institutional borrowers of securities. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. serves as lending agent (the Lending Agent) to the funds pursuant to a securities lending agreement (the Securities Lending Agreement) approved by the Board.

Under the Securities Lending Agreement, the Lending Agent loans securities to approved borrowers pursuant to borrower agreements in exchange for collateral equal to at least 100% of the market value of the loaned securities. Collateral may consist of cash, securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities (collectively, “U.S. government securities”) or such other collateral as may be approved by the Board. For loans secured by cash, the fund retains the interest earned on cash collateral investments, but is required to pay the borrower a rebate for the use of the cash collateral. For loans secured by U.S. government securities, the borrower pays a borrower fee to the Lending Agent on behalf of the fund. If the market value of the loaned securities goes up, the Lending Agent will request additional collateral from the borrower. If the market value of the loaned securities goes down, the borrower may request that some collateral be returned. During the existence of the loan, the lender will receive from the borrower amounts equivalent to any dividends, interest or other distributions on the loaned securities, as well as interest on such amounts.

Loans are subject to termination by a fund or a borrower at any time. A fund may choose to terminate a loan in order to vote in a proxy solicitation if the fund has knowledge of a material event to be voted on that would affect the fund’s investment in the loaned security.

Securities lending involves counterparty risk, including the risk that a borrower may not provide additional collateral when required or return the loaned securities in a timely manner. Counterparty risk also includes a potential loss of rights in the collateral if the borrower or the Lending Agent defaults or fails financially. This risk is increased if a fund’s loans are concentrated with a single or limited number of borrowers. There are no limits on the number of borrowers a fund may use and a fund may lend securities to only one or a small group of borrowers. Funds participating in securities lending also bear the risk of loss in connection with investments of cash collateral received from the borrowers. Cash collateral is invested in accordance with investment guidelines contained in the Securities Lending Agreement and approved by the Board. To the extent that the value or return of a fund’s investments of the cash collateral declines below the amount owed to a borrower, a fund may incur losses that exceed the amount it earned on lending the security. The Lending Agent will indemnify a fund from losses resulting from a borrower’s failure to return a loaned security when due, but such indemnification does not extend to losses associated with declines in the value of cash collateral investments.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with the lending of portfolio securities include: Credit Risk.

Loan Participations

Loans, loan participations, and interests in securitized loan pools are interests in amounts owed by a corporate, governmental, or other borrower to a lender or consortium of lenders (typically banks, insurance companies, investment banks, government agencies, or international agencies). Loans involve a risk of loss in case of default or insolvency of the borrower and may offer less legal protection to an investor in the event of fraud or misrepresentation.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with loan participations include: Credit Risk.

Mortgage- and Asset-Backed Securities

Mortgage-backed securities represent direct or indirect participations in, or are secured by and payable from, mortgage loans secured by real property, and include single- and multi-class pass-through securities and Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMOs). These securities may be issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities (see also Agency and Government Securities), or by private issuers, generally originators and investors in mortgage loans, including savings associations, mortgage

 

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bankers, commercial banks, investment bankers, and special purpose entities. Mortgage-backed securities issued by private lenders may be supported by pools of mortgage loans or other mortgage-backed securities that are guaranteed, directly or indirectly, by the U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, or they may be issued without any governmental guarantee of the underlying mortgage assets but with some form of non-governmental credit enhancement. Commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) are a specific type of mortgage-backed security collateralized by a pool of mortgages on commercial real estate.

Stripped mortgage-backed securities are a type of mortgage-backed security that receive differing proportions of the interest and principal payments from the underlying assets. Generally, there are two classes of stripped mortgage-backed securities: Interest Only (IO) and Principal Only (PO). IOs entitle the holder to receive distributions consisting of all or a portion of the interest on the underlying pool of mortgage loans or mortgage-backed securities. POs entitle the holder to receive distributions consisting of all or a portion of the principal of the underlying pool of mortgage loans or mortgage-backed securities. The cash flows and yields on IOs and POs are extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the underlying mortgage loans or mortgage-backed securities. A rapid rate of principal payments may adversely affect the yield to maturity of IOs. A slow rate of principal payments may adversely affect the yield to maturity of POs. If prepayments of principal are greater than anticipated, an investor in IOs may incur substantial losses. If prepayments of principal are slower than anticipated, the yield on a PO will be affected more severely than would be the case with a traditional mortgage-backed security.

CMOs are hybrid mortgage-related instruments secured by pools of mortgage loans or other mortgage-related securities, such as mortgage pass through securities or stripped mortgage-backed securities. CMOs may be structured into multiple classes, often referred to as “tranches,” with each class bearing a different stated maturity and entitled to a different schedule for payments of principal and interest, including prepayments. Principal prepayments on collateral underlying a CMO may cause it to be retired substantially earlier than its stated maturity.

The yield characteristics of mortgage-backed securities differ from those of other debt securities. Among the differences are that interest and principal payments are made more frequently on mortgage-backed securities, usually monthly, and principal may be repaid at any time. These factors may reduce the expected yield.

Asset-backed securities have structural characteristics similar to mortgage-backed securities. Asset-backed debt obligations represent direct or indirect participation in, or secured by and payable from, assets such as motor vehicle installment sales contracts, other installment loan contracts, home equity loans, leases of various types of property, and receivables from credit card or other revolving credit arrangements. The credit quality of most asset-backed securities depends primarily on the credit quality of the assets underlying such securities, how well the entity issuing the security is insulated from the credit risk of the originator or any other affiliated entities, and the amount and quality of any credit enhancement of the securities. Payments or distributions of principal and interest on asset-backed debt obligations may be supported by non-governmental credit enhancements including letters of credit, reserve funds, overcollateralization, and guarantees by third parties. The market for privately issued asset-backed debt obligations is smaller and less liquid than the market for government sponsored mortgage-backed securities. (See also Derivative Instruments.)

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with mortgage- and asset-backed securities include: Credit Risk, Interest Rate Risk, Liquidity Risk, and Prepayment and Extension Risk.

Mortgage Dollar Rolls

Mortgage dollar rolls are investments in which an investor sells mortgage-backed securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to purchase substantially similar securities on a specified future date. While an investor foregoes principal and interest paid on the mortgage-backed securities during the roll period, the investor is compensated by the difference between the current sales price and the lower price for the future purchase as well as by any interest earned on the proceeds of the initial sale. The investor also could be compensated through the receipt of fee income equivalent to a lower forward price.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with mortgage dollar rolls include: Credit Risk and Interest Rate Risk.

 

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Municipal Obligations

Municipal obligations include debt obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories, possessions, or sovereign nations within the territorial boundaries of the United States (including the District of Columbia, Guam and Puerto Rico). The interest on these obligations is generally exempt from federal income tax. Municipal obligations are generally classified as either “general obligations” or “revenue obligations.”

General obligation bonds are secured by the issuer’s pledge of its full faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of interest and principal. Revenue bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a project or facility or from the proceeds of a specified revenue source. Industrial development bonds are generally revenue bonds secured by payments from and the credit of private users. Municipal notes are issued to meet the short-term funding requirements of state, regional, and local governments. Municipal notes include tax anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes, tax and revenue anticipation notes, construction loan notes, short-term discount notes, tax-exempt commercial paper, demand notes, and similar instruments.

Municipal lease obligations may take the form of a lease, an installment purchase, or a conditional sales contract. They are issued by state and local governments and authorities to acquire land, equipment, and facilities. An investor may purchase these obligations directly, or it may purchase participation interests in such obligations. Municipal leases may be subject to greater risks than general obligation or revenue bonds. State constitutions and statutes set forth requirements that states or municipalities must meet in order to issue municipal obligations. Municipal leases may contain a covenant by the state or municipality to budget for and make payments due under the obligation. Certain municipal leases may, however, provide that the issuer is not obligated to make payments on the obligation in future years unless funds have been appropriated for this purpose each year.

Yields on municipal bonds and notes depend on a variety of factors, including money market conditions, municipal bond market conditions, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation, and the rating of the issue. The municipal bond market has a large number of different issuers, many having smaller sized bond issues, and a wide choice of different maturities within each issue. For these reasons, most municipal bonds do not trade on a daily basis and many trade only rarely. Because many of these bonds trade infrequently, the spread between the bid and offer may be wider and the time needed to develop a bid or an offer may be longer than other security markets. See Appendix A for a discussion of securities ratings. (See also Debt Obligations.)

Taxable Municipal Obligations. There is another type of municipal obligation that is subject to federal income tax for a variety of reasons. These municipal obligations do not qualify for the federal income exemption because (a) they did not receive necessary authorization for tax-exempt treatment from state or local government authorities, (b) they exceed certain regulatory limitations on the cost of issuance for tax-exempt financing or (c) they finance public or private activities that do not qualify for the federal income tax exemption. These non-qualifying activities might include, for example, certain types of multi-family housing, certain professional and local sports facilities, refinancing of certain municipal debt, and borrowing to replenish a municipality’s underfunded pension plan.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with municipal obligations include: Credit Risk, Inflation Risk, Interest Rate Risk, and Market Risk.

Preferred Stock

Preferred stock is a type of stock that pays dividends at a specified rate and that has preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of assets. Preferred stock does not ordinarily carry voting rights.

The price of a preferred stock is generally determined by earnings, type of products or services, projected growth rates, experience of management, liquidity, and general market conditions of the markets on which the stock trades.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with preferred stock include: Issuer Risk and Market Risk.

Real Estate Investment Trusts

Real estate investment trusts (REITs) are pooled investment vehicles that manage a portfolio of real estate or real estate related loans to earn profits for their shareholders. REITs are generally classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs or a combination of equity and

 

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mortgage REITs. Equity REITs invest the majority of their assets directly in real property, such as shopping centers, nursing homes, office buildings, apartment complexes, and hotels, and derive income primarily from the collection of rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive income from the collection of interest payments. REITs can be subject to extreme volatility due to fluctuations in the demand for real estate, changes in interest rates, and adverse economic conditions. Similar to investment companies, REITs are not taxed on income distributed to shareholders provided they comply with certain requirements under the tax law. The failure of a REIT to continue to qualify as a REIT for tax purposes can materially affect its value. A fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any expenses paid by a REIT in which it invests.

REITs often do not provide complete tax information until after the calendar year-end. Consequently, because of the delay, it may be necessary for a fund investing in REITs to request permission to extend the deadline for issuance of Forms 1099-DIV beyond January 31. In the alternative, amended Forms 1099-DIV may be sent.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with REITs include: Interest Rate Risk, Issuer Risk and Market Risk.

Repurchase Agreements

Repurchase agreements may be entered into with certain banks or non-bank dealers. In a repurchase agreement, the purchaser buys a security at one price, and at the time of sale, the seller agrees to repurchase the obligation at a mutually agreed upon time and price (usually within seven days). The repurchase agreement determines the yield during the purchaser’s holding period, while the seller’s obligation to repurchase is secured by the value of the underlying security. Repurchase agreements could involve certain risks in the event of a default or insolvency of the other party to the agreement, including possible delays or restrictions upon the purchaser’s ability to dispose of the underlying securities.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with repurchase agreements include: Credit Risk.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

In a reverse repurchase agreement, an investor sells a security and enters into an agreement to repurchase the security at a specified future date and price. The investor generally retains the right to interest and principal payments on the security. Since the investor receives cash upon entering into a reverse repurchase agreement, it may be considered a borrowing. (See also Derivative Instruments.)

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with reverse repurchase agreements include: Credit Risk and Interest Rate Risk.

Short Sales

In short-selling transactions, a fund sells a security it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market value of the security. To complete the transaction, a fund must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. A fund is obligated to replace the security borrowed by purchasing it at the market price at the time of replacement. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the security was sold by a fund, which may result in a loss or gain, respectively. Unlike taking a long position in a security by purchasing the security, where potential losses are limited to the purchase price, short sales have no cap on maximum losses, and gains are limited to the price of the security at the time of the short sale.

Short sales of forward commitments and derivatives do not involve borrowing a security. These types of short sales may include futures, options, contracts for differences, forward contracts on financial instruments and options such as contracts, credit-linked instruments, and swap contracts.

A fund may not always be able to borrow a security it wants to sell short. A fund also may be unable to close out an established short position at an acceptable price and may have to sell long positions at disadvantageous times to cover its short positions. The value of your investment in a fund will fluctuate in response to the movements in the market. Fund performance also will depend on the effectiveness of the investment manager’s research and the management team’s investment decisions.

 

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Short sales also involve other costs. A fund must repay to the lender an amount equal to any dividends or interest that accrues while the loan is outstanding. To borrow the security, a fund may be required to pay a premium. A fund also will incur truncation costs in effecting short sales. The amount of any ultimate gain for a fund resulting from a short sale will be decreased and the amount of any ultimate loss will be increased, by the amount of premiums, interest or expenses a fund may be required to pay in connection with the short sale. Until a fund closes the short position, it will earmark and reserve fund assets, in cash or liquid securities to offset a portion of the leverage risk. Realized gains from short sales are typically treated as short-term gains/losses.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with short sales include: Market Risk and Short Sales Risk.

Sovereign Debt

A sovereign debtor’s willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by a variety of factors, including its cash flow situation, the extent of its reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the sovereign debtor’s policy toward international lenders, and the political constraints to which a sovereign debtor may be subject. (See also Foreign Securities.)

With respect to sovereign debt of emerging market issuers, investors should be aware that certain emerging market countries are among the largest debtors to commercial banks and foreign governments. At times, certain emerging market countries have declared moratoria on the payment of principal and interest on external debt.

Certain emerging market countries have experienced difficulty in servicing their sovereign debt on a timely basis that led to defaults and the restructuring of certain indebtedness.

Sovereign debt includes Brady Bonds, which are securities issued under the framework of the Brady Plan, an initiative announced by former U.S. Treasury Secretary Nicholas F. Brady in 1989 as a mechanism for debtor nations to restructure their outstanding external commercial bank indebtedness.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with sovereign debt include: Credit Risk and Foreign/Emerging Markets Risk.

Structured Investments

A structured investment is a security whose return is tied to an underlying index or to some other security or pool of assets. Structured investments generally are individually negotiated agreements and may be traded over-the-counter. Structured investments are created and operated to restructure the investment characteristics of the underlying security. This restructuring involves the deposit with or purchase by an entity, such as a corporation or trust, of specified instruments, such as commercial bank loans, and the issuance by that entity of one or more classes of debt obligations (“structured securities”) backed by, or representing interests in, the underlying instruments. The cash flow on the underlying instruments may be apportioned among the newly issued structured securities to create securities with different investment characteristics, such as varying maturities, payment priorities, and interest rate provisions. The extent of the payments made with respect to structured securities is dependent on the extent of the cash flow on the underlying instruments. Because structured securities typically involve no credit enhancement, their credit risk generally will be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments. Structured securities are often offered in different classes. As a result a given class of a structured security may be either subordinated or unsubordinated to the right of payment of another class. Subordinated structured securities typically have higher yields and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured securities. Structured securities are typically sold in private placement transactions, and at any given time there may be no active trading market for a particular structured security.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with structured investments include: Credit Risk and Liquidity Risk.

 

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Swap Agreements

Swap agreements are typically individually negotiated agreements that obligate two parties to exchange payments based on a reference to a specified asset, reference rate or index. Swap agreements will tend to shift a party’s investment exposure from one type of investment to another. A swap agreement can increase or decrease the volatility of a fund’s investments and its net asset value.

Swap agreements are traded in the over-the-counter market and may be considered to be illiquid. Swap agreements entail the risk that a party will default on its payment obligations. A fund will enter into a swap agreement only if the claims-paying ability of the other party or its guarantor is considered to be investment grade by the investment manager. Generally, the unsecured senior debt or the claims-paying ability of the other party or its guarantor must be rated in one of the three highest rating categories of at least one Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization (NRSRO) at the time of entering into the transaction. If there is a default by the other party to such a transaction, a fund will have to rely on its contractual remedies (which may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws) pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. In certain circumstances, a fund may seek to minimize counterparty risk by requiring the counterparty to post collateral.

Swap agreements are usually entered into without an upfront payment because the value of each party’s position is the same. The market values of the underlying commitments will change over time resulting in one of the commitments being worth more than the other and the net market value creating a risk exposure for one counterparty or the other.

Interest Rate Swaps. Interest rate swap agreements are often used to obtain or preserve a desired return or spread at a lower cost than through a direct investment in an instrument that yields the desired return or spread. They are financial instruments that involve the exchange of one type of interest rate cash flow for another type of interest rate cash flow on specified dates in the future. In a standard interest rate swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange their respective commitments to pay fixed or floating rates on a predetermined specified (notional) amount. The swap agreement notional amount is the predetermined basis for calculating the obligations that the swap counterparties have agreed to exchange. Under most swap agreements, the obligations of the parties are exchanged on a net basis. The two payment streams are netted out, with each party receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. Interest rate swaps can be based on various measures of interest rates, including LIBOR, swap rates, treasury rates and other foreign interest rates.

Cross Currency Swaps. Cross currency swaps are similar to interest rate swaps, except that they involve multiple currencies. A fund may enter into a currency swap when it has exposure to one currency and desires exposure to a different currency. Typically the interest rates that determine the currency swap payments are fixed, although occasionally one or both parties may pay a floating rate of interest. Unlike an interest rate swap, however, the principal amounts are exchanged at the beginning of the contract and returned at the end of the contract. In addition to paying and receiving amounts at the beginning and termination of the agreements, both sides will also have to pay in full periodically based upon the currency they have borrowed. Change in foreign exchange rates and changes in interest rates, as described above, may negatively affect currency swaps.

Total Return Swaps. Total return swaps are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments based on the change in market value of the underlying assets, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or security indexes during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate of the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or market. For example, CMBS total return swaps are bilateral financial contracts designed to replicate synthetically the total returns of commercial mortgage-backed securities. In a typical total return equity swap, payments made by the fund or the counterparty are based on the total return of a particular reference asset or assets (such as an equity security, a combination of such securities, or an index). That is, one party agrees to pay another party the return on a stock, basket of stocks, or stock index in return for a specified interest rate. By entering into an equity index swap, for example, the index receiver can gain exposure to stocks making up the index of securities without actually purchasing those stocks. Total return swaps involve not only the risk associated with the investment in the underlying securities, but also the risk of the counterparty not fulfilling its obligations under the agreement.

Swaption Transaction. A swaption is an option on a swap agreement and a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms, in return for payment of the purchase price (the “premium”) of the option. The fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions to the same extent it may make use of standard options on securities or other instruments. The writer of the contract receives the premium and bears the risk of unfavorable changes in the market value on the underlying swap agreement.

 

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Swaptions can be bundled and sold as a package. These are commonly called interest rate caps, floors and collars. In interest rate cap transactions, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates exceed a specified rate, or cap. Interest rate floor transactions require one party, in exchange for a premium to agree to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates fall below a specified level, or floor. In interest rate collar transactions, one party sells a cap and purchases a floor, or vice versa, in an attempt to protect itself against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum levels or collar amounts.

Credit Default Swaps. Credit default swaps are contracts in which third party credit risk is transferred from one party to another party by one party, the protection buyer, making payments to the other party, the protection seller, in return for the ability of the protection buyer to deliver a reference obligation, or portfolio of reference obligations, to the protection seller upon the occurrence of certain credit events relating to the issuer of the reference obligation and receive the notional amount of the reference obligation from the protection seller. A fund may use credit default swaps for various purposes including to increase or decrease its credit exposure to various issuers. For example, as a seller in a transaction, a fund could use credit default swaps as a way of increasing investment exposure to a particular issuer’s bonds in lieu of purchasing such bonds directly. Similarly, as a buyer in a transaction, a fund may use credit default swaps to hedge its exposure on bonds that it owns or in lieu of selling such bonds. A credit default swap agreement may have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by the fund. The fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. Credit default swaps may also be structured based on the debt of a basket of issuers, rather than a single issuer, and may be customized with respect to the default event that triggers purchase or other factors. As a seller, the fund generally receives an up front payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six months and three years, provided that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference obligations that may have little or no value. If the fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the fund recovers nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs, the buyer may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference obligation that may have little or no value.

Credit default swap agreements can involve greater risks than if a fund had invested in the reference obligation directly since, in addition to general market risks, credit default swaps are subject to counterparty credit risk, leverage risk, hedging risk, correlation risk and liquidity risk. A fund will enter into credit default swap agreements only with counterparties that meet certain standards of creditworthiness. A buyer generally also will lose its investment and recover nothing should no credit event occur and the swap is held to its termination date. If a credit event were to occur, the value of any deliverable obligation received by the seller, coupled with the upfront or periodic payments previously received, may be less than the full notional value it pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to the seller. A fund’s obligations under a credit default swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the fund). In connection with credit default swaps in which a fund is the buyer, the fund will segregate or “earmark” cash or other liquid assets, or enter into certain offsetting positions, with a value at least equal to the fund’s exposure (any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed by the fund to any counterparty), on a marked-to-market basis. In connection with credit default swaps in which a fund is the seller, the fund will segregate or “earmark” cash or other liquid assets, or enter into offsetting positions, with a value at least equal to the full notional amount of the swap (minus any amounts owed to the fund). Such segregation or “earmarking” will ensure that the fund has assets available to satisfy its obligations with respect to the transaction. Such segregation or “earmarking” will not limit the fund’s exposure to loss.

The use of swap agreements by a fund entails certain risks, which may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the securities and other investments that are the referenced asset for the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques, risk analyses, and tax planning different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. The use of a swap requires an understanding not only of the referenced asset, reference rate, or index, but also of the swap itself, without the benefit of observing the performance of the swap under all the possible market conditions. Because some swap agreements have a leverage component, adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, reference rate, or index can result in a loss substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with swaps include: Credit Risk, Liquidity Risk and Market Risk.

 

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Variable- or Floating-Rate Securities

Variable-rate securities provide for automatic establishment of a new interest rate at fixed intervals (daily, monthly, semiannually, etc.). Floating-rate securities generally provide for automatic adjustment of the interest rate whenever some specified interest rate index changes. Variable- or floating-rate securities frequently include a demand feature enabling the holder to sell the securities to the issuer at par. In many cases, the demand feature can be exercised at any time. Some securities that do not have variable or floating interest rates may be accompanied by puts producing similar results and price characteristics. Variable-rate demand notes include master demand notes that are obligations that permit the investor to invest fluctuating amounts, which may change daily without penalty, pursuant to direct arrangements between the investor as lender, and the borrower. The interest rates on these notes fluctuate from time to time. The issuer of such obligations normally has a corresponding right, after a given period, to prepay in its discretion the outstanding principal amount of the obligations plus accrued interest upon a specified number of days’ notice to the holders of such obligations. Because these obligations are direct lending arrangements between the lender and borrower, it is not contemplated that such instruments generally will be traded. There generally is not an established secondary market for these obligations. Accordingly, where these obligations are not secured by letters of credit or other credit support arrangements, the lender’s right to redeem is dependent on the ability of the borrower to pay principal and interest on demand. Such obligations frequently are not rated by credit rating agencies and may involve heightened risk of default by the issuer.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with variable- or floating-rate securities include: Credit Risk.

Warrants

Warrants are securities giving the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy the stock of an issuer at a given price (generally higher than the value of the stock at the time of issuance) during a specified period or perpetually. Warrants may be acquired separately or in connection with the acquisition of securities. Warrants do not carry with them the right to dividends or voting rights and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. Warrants may be considered to have more speculative characteristics than certain other types of investments. In addition, the value of a warrant does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and a warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to its expiration date.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with warrants include: Market Risk.

When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments

When-issued securities and forward commitments involve a commitment to purchase or sell specific securities at a predetermined price or yield in which payment and delivery take place after the customary settlement period for that type of security. Normally, the settlement date occurs within 45 days of the purchase although in some cases settlement may take longer. The investor does not pay for the securities or receive dividends or interest on them until the contractual settlement date. Such instruments involve the risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date and the risk that the security will not be issued as anticipated. If the security is not issued as anticipated, a fund may lose the opportunity to obtain a price and yield considered to be advantageous.

Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with when-issued securities and forward commitments include: Credit Risk.

Zero-Coupon, Step-Coupon, and Pay-in-Kind Securities

These securities are debt obligations that do not make regular cash interest payments (see also Debt Obligations). Zero-coupon and step-coupon securities are sold at a deep discount to their face value because they do not pay interest until maturity. Pay-in-kind securities pay interest through the issuance of additional securities. Because these securities do not pay current cash income, the price of these securities can be extremely volatile when interest rates fluctuate. See Appendix A for a discussion of securities ratings.

 

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Although one or more of the other risks described in this SAI may apply, the largest risks associated with zero-coupon, step-coupon, and pay-in-kind securities include: Credit Risk and Interest Rate Risk.

A fund cannot issue senior securities but this does not prohibit certain investment activities for which assets of the fund are set aside, or margin, collateral or escrow arrangements are established, to cover the related obligations. Examples of those activities include borrowing money, delayed-delivery and when-issued securities transactions, and contracts to buy or sell options, derivatives, and hedging instruments.

 

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Securities Transactions

Except as otherwise noted, the description of policies and procedures in this section also applies to any fund subadviser. Subject to policies set by the Board, as well as the terms of the investment management services agreements and subadviser agreements, as applicable, the investment manager or subadviser is authorized to determine, consistent with a fund’s investment objective and policies, which securities will be purchased, held, or sold. In determining where the buy and sell orders are to be placed, the investment manager has been directed to use its best efforts to obtain the best available price and the most favorable execution except where otherwise authorized by the Board.

Each fund, the investment manager, any subadviser and RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc. (principal underwriter and distributor of the funds) has a strict Code of Ethics that prohibits affiliated personnel from engaging in personal investment activities that compete with or attempt to take advantage of planned portfolio transactions for the fund.

A fund’s securities may be traded on an agency basis with brokers or dealers or on a principal basis with dealers. In an agency trade, the broker-dealer generally is paid a commission. In a principal trade, the investment manager will trade directly with the issuer or with a dealer who buys or sells for its own account, rather than acting on behalf of another client. The investment manager may pay the dealer a commission or instead, the dealer’s profit, if any, is the difference, or spread, between the dealer’s purchase and sale price for the security.

Broker-Dealer Selection

In selecting broker-dealers to execute transactions, the investment manager and each subadviser will consider from among such factors as the ability to minimize trading costs, trading expertise, infrastructure, ability to provide information or services, financial condition, confidentiality, competitiveness of commission rates, evaluations of execution quality, promptness of execution, past history, ability to prospect for and find liquidity, difficulty of trade, security’s trading characteristics, size of order, liquidity of market, block trading capabilities, quality of settlement, specialized expertise, overall responsiveness, willingness to commit capital and research services provided.

The Board has adopted a policy prohibiting the investment manager, or any subadviser, from considering sales of shares of the funds as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers through which to execute securities transactions.

On a periodic basis, the investment manager makes a comprehensive review of the broker-dealers and the overall reasonableness of their commissions, including review by an independent third-party evaluator. The review evaluates execution, operational efficiency, and research services.

Commission Dollars

Broker-dealers typically provide a bundle of services including research and execution of transactions. The research provided can be either proprietary (created and provided by the broker-dealer) or third party (created by a third party but provided by the broker-dealer). Consistent with the interests of the fund, the investment manager and each subadviser may use broker-dealers who provide both types of research products and services in exchange for commissions, known as “soft dollars,” generated by transactions in fund accounts.

The receipt of research and brokerage products and services is used by the investment manager, and by each subadviser, to the extent it engages in such transactions, to supplement its own research and analysis activities, by receiving the views and information of individuals and research staffs of other securities firms, and by gaining access to specialized expertise on individual companies, industries, areas of the economy and market factors. Research and brokerage products and services may include reports on the economy, industries, sectors and individual companies or issuers; statistical information; accounting and tax law interpretations; political analyses; reports on legal developments affecting portfolio securities; information on technical market actions; credit analyses; on-line quotation systems; risk measurement; analyses of corporate responsibility issues; on-line news services; and financial and market database services. Research services may be used by the investment manager in providing advice to multiple RiverSource accounts, including the funds (or by any subadviser to any other client of the subadviser) even though it is not possible to relate the benefits to any particular account or fund.

 

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On occasion, it may be desirable to compensate a broker for research services or for brokerage services by paying a commission that might not otherwise be charged or a commission in excess of the amount another broker might charge. The Board has adopted a policy authorizing the investment manager to do so, to the extent authorized by law, if the investment manager or subadviser determines, in good faith, that such commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage or research services provided by a broker or dealer, viewed either in the light of that transaction or the investment manager’s or subadviser’s overall responsibilities with respect to a fund and the other funds or accounts for which it acts as investment manager (or by any subadviser to any other client of that subadviser).

As a result of these arrangements, some portfolio transactions may not be effected at the lowest commission, but overall execution may be better. The investment manager and each subadviser have represented that under its procedures the amount of commission paid will be reasonable and competitive in relation to the value of the brokerage services and research products and services provided.

The investment manager or a subadviser may use step-out transactions. A “step-out” is an arrangement in which the investment manager or subadviser executes a trade through one broker-dealer but instructs that broker-dealer to step-out all or a part of the trade to another broker-dealer. The second broker-dealer will clear and settle, and receive commissions for, the stepped-out portion. The investment manager or subadviser may receive research products and services in connection with step-out transactions.

Use of fund commissions may create potential conflicts of interest between the investment manager or subadviser and a fund. However, the investment manager and each subadviser has policies and procedures in place intended to mitigate these conflicts and ensure that the use of fund commissions falls within the “safe harbor” of Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Some products and services may be used for both investment decision-making and non-investment decision-making purposes (“mixed use” items). The investment manager and each subadviser, to the extent it has mixed use items, has procedures in place to assure that fund commissions pay only for the investment decision-making portion of a mixed-use item.

Trade Aggregation and Allocation

Generally, orders are processed and executed in the order received. When a fund buys or sells the same security as another portfolio, fund, or account, the investment manager or subadviser carries out the purchase or sale pursuant to policies and procedures designed in such a way believed to be fair to the fund. Purchase and sale orders may be combined or aggregated for more than one account if it is believed it would be consistent with best execution. Aggregation may reduce commission costs or market impact on a per-share and per-dollar basis, although aggregation may have the opposite effect. There may be times when not enough securities are received to fill an aggregated order, including in an initial public offering, involving multiple accounts. In that event, the investment manager and each subadviser has policies and procedures designed in such a way believed to result in a fair allocation among accounts, including the fund.

From time to time, different portfolio managers with the investment manager may make differing investment decisions related to the same security. However, with certain exceptions for funds managed using strictly quantitative methods, a portfolio manager or portfolio management team may not sell a security short if the security is owned in another portfolio managed by that portfolio manager or portfolio management team. On occasion, a fund may purchase and sell a security simultaneously in order to profit from short-term price disparities.

The investment manager has portfolio management teams in its Minneapolis, New York and Los Angeles offices that may share research information regarding leveraged loans. The investment manager operates separate and independent trading desks in these locations for the purpose of purchasing and selling leveraged loans. As a result, the investment manager does not aggregate orders in leveraged loans across portfolio management teams. For example, funds and other client accounts being managed by these portfolio management teams may purchase and sell the same leveraged loan in the secondary market on the same day at different times and at different prices. There is also the potential for a particular account or group of accounts, including a fund, to forego an opportunity or to receive a different allocation (either larger or smaller) than might otherwise be obtained if the investment manager were to aggregate trades in leveraged loans across the portfolio management teams. Although the investment manager does not aggregate orders in leveraged loans across its portfolio management teams in Minneapolis, New York and Los Angeles, it operates in this structure subject to its duty to seek best execution.

 

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The following table shows total brokerage commissions paid in the last three fiscal periods. Substantially all firms through whom transactions were executed provide research services.

Table 4. Total Brokerage Commissions

 

Total Brokerage Commissions

 

Fund

   2009      2008      2007  

Balanced

   $ 869,205       $ 1,121,735       $ 912,635   

Cash Management

     0         0         0   

Core Equity

     200,188         710,273         753,584   

Davis New York Venture

     1,048,521         519,727         257,751   

Diversified Bond

     153,986         126,605         113,273   

Diversified Equity Income

     3,510,488         2,994,258         2,052,277   

Dynamic Equity

     1,620,965         5,889,997         6,387,054   

Emerging Markets

     4,519,114         4,969,369         3,753,339   

Global Bond

     16,557         34,295         37,446   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

     36,910         13,433         9,306   

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

     31,061         41,852         46,356   

Growth

     1,037,696         2,182,611         2,264,159   

High Yield Bond

     0         0         0   

Income Opportunities

     0         0         0   

International Opportunity

     1,163,590         1,304,080         2,579,729   

Larger-Cap Value

     6,433         24,071         19,008   

Mid Cap Growth

     1,517,464         1,087,495         1,641,439   

Mid Cap Value

     339,159         410,260         462,435   

Partners Small Cap Value

     1,776,716         2,216,055         1,707,424   

S&P 500 Index

     116,758         25,248         9,899   

Short Duration U.S. Government

     16,834         19,489         22,532   

Smaller-Cap Value

     38,672         1,129,041         886,355   

For the last fiscal period, transactions were specifically directed to firms in exchange for research services as shown in the following table. The table also shows portfolio turnover rates for the last two fiscal periods. Higher turnover rates may result in higher brokerage expenses and taxes.

 

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Table 5. Brokerage Directed for Research and Turnover Rates

 

     Brokerage Directed for Research*               
     Amount of
Transactions
     Amount of Commissions
Imputed or Paid
     Turnover Rates  

Fund

   2009      2009      2009     2008  

Balanced

   $ 131,748,009       $ 161,268         208     131

Cash Management

     0         0         N/A        N/A   

Core Equity

     15,677,838         17,197         76        103   

Davis New York Venture

     0         0         21        18   

Diversified Bond

     0         0         434 (a)      231   

Diversified Equity Income

     736,525,800         961,457         49        41   

Dynamic Equity

     126,947,864         152,264         70        109   

Emerging Markets

     1,676,298,331         3,968,007         145        140   

Global Bond

     0         0         77        62   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

     0         0         135        54   

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

     1,632,255         4,771         99        96   

Growth

     61,705,001         98,506         152        150   

High Yield Bond

     0         0         102        58   

Income Opportunities

     0         0         70        76   

International Opportunity

     743,747,676         1,053,413         90        61   

Larger-Cap Value

     279,247         158         16        75   

Mid Cap Growth

     250,180,183         426,563         126        70   

Mid Cap Value

     31,881,125         53,493         39        47   

Partners Small Cap Value

     220,917,863         418,603         58        76   

S&P 500 Index

     9,262,292         7,292         31        4   

Short Duration U.S. Government

     0         0         428 (a)      314   

Smaller-Cap Value

     341,373         756         6        269   

 

* Reported numbers include third party soft dollar commissions and portfolio manager directed commissions directed for research. RiverSource also receives proprietary research from brokers, but because these are bundled commissions for which the research portion is not distinguishable from the execution portion, their amounts have not been included in the table.
(a) A significant portion of the turnover was the result of “roll” transactions in liquid derivatives and Treasury securities. In the derivative transactions, positions in expiring contracts are liquidated and simultaneously replaced with positions in new contracts with equivalent characteristics. In the Treasury transactions, existing holdings are sold to purchase newly issued securities with slightly longer maturity dates. Although these transactions affect the turnover rate of the portfolio, they do not change the risk exposure or result in material transaction costs. The remaining turnover resulted from strategic reallocations and relative value trading. After transaction costs, this activity is expected to enhance the returns on the fund.

 

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As of the end of the most recent fiscal period, the fund held securities of its regular brokers or dealers or of the parent of those brokers or dealers that derived more than 15% of gross revenue from securities-related activities as presented below.

Table 6. Securities of Regular Brokers or Dealers

 

Fund

  

Issuer

   Value of securities owned at
end of fiscal period
 

Balanced

  

Bear Stearns Adjustable Rate Mtge Trust

   $ 1,328,919   
  

Bear Stearns Commercial Mtge Securities

     1,419,032   
  

ChaseFlex Trust

     1,406,712   
  

Citigroup

     1,588,544   
  

Citigroup Commercial Mtge Trust

     603,611   
  

Citigroup/Deutsche Bank Commercial Mtge Trust

     793,069   
  

CS First Boston Mtge Securities

     871,948   
  

Goldman Sachs Group

     10,252,471   
  

GS Mortgage Securities II

     1,892,219   
  

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

     13,182,475   
  

JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mtge Securities

     4,312,198   
  

LB-UBS Commercial Mtge Trust

     2,947,387   
  

Lehman Brothers Holdings*

     259,375   
  

Merrill Lynch Mtge Trust

     300,282   
  

Morgan Stanley

     6,431,318   
  

Morgan Stanley Capital I

     2,706,839   

Cash Management

  

Citigroup Funding

     11,999,349   

Core Equity

  

Citigroup

     1,238,774   
  

Franklin Resources

     574,790   
  

Goldman Sachs Group

     5,179,841   
  

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

     1,063,043   
  

Morgan Stanley

     1,866,664   
  

PNC Financial Services Group

     1,649,529   

Davis New York Venture

  

Goldman Sachs Group

     11,913,350   
  

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

     50,204,849   

Diversified Bond

  

Bear Stearns Adjustable Rate Mtge Trust

     5,189,110   
  

Bear Stearns Commercial Mtge Securities

     20,172,349   
  

Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities Trust

     6,826,488   
  

ChaseFlex Trust

     200,959   
  

Citigroup

     27,326,989   
  

Citigroup Commercial Mtge Trust

     3,706,174   
  

Citigroup/Deutsche Bank Commercial Mtge Trust

     2,021,046   
  

Citigroup Mortgage Loan Trust

     14,227,235   
  

Citigroup Mtge Loan Trust

     18,744,548   
  

Credit Suisse Mortgage Capital Ctfs

     12,294,401   
  

CS First Boston Mtge Securities

     52,016,362   
  

GS Mtge Securities II

     13,146,458   
  

JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mtge Securities

     76,094,828   
  

JPMorgan Mtge Trust

     4,541,936   
  

JP Morgan Reremic

     7,699,618   
  

LB-UBS Commercial Mtge Trust

     23,980,662   
  

Lehman Brothers Holdings*

     2,916,413   
  

Merrill Lynch Mtge Trust

     2,746,478   
  

Morgan Stanley

     17,517,341   
  

Morgan Stanley Capital I

     17,369,233   
  

Morgan Stanley Home Equity Loan Trust

     7,046,225   
  

Morgan Stanley Mtge Loan Trust

     145,914   

Diversified Equity Income

  

Goldman Sachs Group

   $ 36,566,861   
  

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

     65,851,851   

 

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   Morgan Stanley      27,607,002   

Dynamic Equity

   Citigroup      8,902,444   
   Franklin Resources      3,986,549   
   Goldman Sachs Group      35,928,139   
   Knight Capital Group Cl A      178,409   
   Morgan Stanley      12,903,942   
   optionsXpress Holdings      85,222   
   PNC Financial Services Group      11,854,417   
   Stifel Financial      225,882   

Emerging Markets

   None      N/A   

Global Bond

   Bear Stearns Commercial Mtge Securities      125,949   
   Citigroup      3,282,282   
   Citigroup Commercial Mtge Trust      152,068   
   Citigroup/Deutsche Bank Commercial Mtge Trust      1,100,063   
   CS First Boston Mtge Securities      5,552,115   
   Goldman Sachs Group      1,776,677   
   GS Mortgage Securities II      2,146,806   
   JPMorgan Chase Commercial Mtge Securities      12,687,323   
   LB-UBS Commercial Mtge Trust      1,568,810   
   Lehman Brothers Holdings*      524,975   
   Merrill Lynch & Co.      1,141,069   
   Morgan Stanley      7,292,098   
   Morgan Stanley Capital I      1,482,469   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

   Morgan Stanley Home Equity Loan Trust      1,432,845   

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

   Stifel Financial      127,366   

Growth

   Goldman Sachs Group      1,381,618   

High Yield Bond

   Lehman Brothers Holdings*      798,975   

Income Opportunities

   None      N/A   

International Opportunity

   Credit Suisse Group      8,693,605   

Larger-Cap Value

   JPMorgan Chase & Co.      375,030   
   Morgan Stanley      384,800   

Mid Cap Growth

   E*Trade Financial      2,906,532   
   Legg Mason      1,541,086   

Mid Cap Value

   None      N/A   

Partners Small Cap Value

   Investment Technology Group      1,014,550   
   Knight Capital Group Cl A      1,051,050   
   Stifel Financial      1,265,959   

S&P 500 Index

   Ameriprise Financial      259,900   
   Charles Schwab      344,105   
   Citigroup      1,499,208   
   E*Trade Financial      72,678   
   Franklin Resources      400,435   
   Goldman Sachs Group      1,964,115   
   JPMorgan Chase & Co.      3,674,294   
   Legg Mason      85,383   
   Morgan Stanley      942,404   
   PNC Financial Services Group      593,148   

Short Duration U.S. Government

   Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities Trust      688,849   
   Citigroup Commercial Mtge Trust      760,342   
   Citigroup Mtge Loan Trust    $ 2,267,168   
   Jefferies & Co.      718,104   
   Morgan Stanley Capital I      1,354,604   
   Morgan Stanley Mtge Loan Trust      729,571   
   Morgan Stanley Home Equity Loan Trust      899,040   

Smaller-Cap Value

   None      N/A   

 

* Subsequent to Aug. 31, 2008, Lehman Brothers Holdings filed a Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition.

 

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Brokerage Commissions Paid to Brokers Affiliated with the Investment Manager

Affiliates of the investment manager may engage in brokerage and other securities transactions on behalf of a fund according to procedures adopted by the Board and to the extent consistent with applicable provisions of the federal securities laws. Subject to approval by the Board, the same conditions apply to transactions with broker-dealer affiliates of any subadviser. The investment manager will use an affiliate only if (i) the investment manager determines that the fund will receive prices and executions at least as favorable as those offered by qualified independent brokers performing similar brokerage and other services for the fund and (ii) the affiliate charges the fund commission rates consistent with those the affiliate charges comparable unaffiliated customers in similar transactions and if such use is consistent with terms of the Investment Management Services Agreement.

Information about any brokerage commissions paid by a fund in the last three fiscal periods to brokers affiliated with the fund’s investment manager is contained in the following table.

Table 7. Brokerage Commissions Paid to Investment Manager or Affiliates

 

     Broker    Nature of
affiliation
    Aggregate
dollar
amount of
commissions
paid to
broker
     Percent of
aggregate
brokerage
commissions
     Percent of
aggregate
dollar
amount of
transactions
involving
payment of
commissions
     Aggregate
dollar
amount of
commissions
paid to
broker
     Aggregate
dollar
amount of
commissions
paid to
broker
 

Fund

              2009                    2008      2007  

Balanced

   None      —          —           —           —         $ 0       $ 0   

Cash Management

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Core Equity

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Davis New York Ventures

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Diversified Bond

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Diversified Equity Income

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Dynamic Equity

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Emerging Markets

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Global Bond

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

   Gabelli Company      (1     0         —           —           0         112   

Growth

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

High Yield Bond

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Income Opportunities

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

International Opportunity

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Larger-Cap Value

   None      —          —           —           —         $ 0       $ 0   

Mid Cap Growth

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Mid Cap Value

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Partners Small Cap Value

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

S&P 500 Index

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Short Duration U.S. Government

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

Smaller-Cap Value

   None      —          —           —           —           0         0   

 

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(1) Affiliate of GAMCO Asset Management, Inc., a former subadviser, terminated Sept. 29, 2006.

 

(2) Affiliate of Goldman Sachs Management L.P., a former subadviser, terminated April 24, 2006.

 

(3) Affiliate of Royce & Associates, LLC., a former subadviser, terminated April 24, 2006.

Valuing Fund Shares

As of the end of the most recent fiscal period, the computation of net asset value was based on net assets divided by shares outstanding as shown in the following table. All expenses of a fund, including the management fee, administrative services fee and distribution fees, as applicable, are accrued daily and taken into account for purposes of determining NAV.

Table 8. Valuing Fund Shares

 

Fund

   Net assets      Shares outstanding      Net asset value
of one share
 

Balanced

   $ 1,016,393,614         82,704,084       $ 12.29   

Cash Management

     959,022,241         961,242,646         1.00   

Core Equity

     186,836,401         28,516,187         6.55   

Davis New York Venture

     2,022,695,506         225,805,975         8.96   

Diversified Bond

     5,577,210,376         518,273,146         10.76   

Diversified Equity Income

     3,857,316,519         342,197,091         11.27   

Dynamic Equity

     1,393,213,480         84,616,864         16.46   

Emerging Markets

     911,711,066         59,977,772         15.20   

Global Bond

     1,676,096,719         145,779,078         11.50   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

     2,348,120,313         249,715,850         9.40   

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

     13,937,856         1,519,248         9.17   

Growth

     240,403,628         41,299,711         5.82   

High Yield Bond

     727,044,732         108,414,334         6.71   

Income Opportunities

     2,003,909,235         187,059,667         10.71   

International Opportunity

     561,691,365         52,171,704         10.77   

Larger-Cap Value

     14,841,031         1,785,086         8.31   

Mid Cap Growth

     380,077,996         33,032,900         11.51   

Mid Cap Value

     242,389,912         27,121,003         8.94   

Partners Small Cap Value

     1,321,825,607         107,785,798         12.26   

S&P 500 Index

     220,256,979         29,342,785         7.51   

Short Duration U.S. Government

     519,207,946         51,057,516         10.17   

Smaller-Cap Value

     78,894,754         8,691,113         9.08   

 

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For Funds other than Money Markets Funds. In determining net assets before shareholder transactions, a fund’s securities are valued as follows as of the close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (the “Exchange”):

 

   

Securities traded on a securities exchange for which a last-quoted sales price is readily available are valued at the last-quoted sales price on the exchange where such security is primarily traded.

 

   

Securities traded on a securities exchange for which a last-quoted sales price is not readily available are valued at the mean of the closing bid and asked prices, looking first to the bid and asked prices on the exchange where the security is primarily traded and, if none exist, to the over-the-counter market.

 

   

Securities included in the NASDAQ National Market System are valued at the last-quoted sales price in this market.

 

   

Securities included in the NASDAQ National Market System for which a last-quoted sales price is not readily available, and other securities traded over-the-counter but not included in the NASDAQ National Market System are valued at the mean of the closing bid and asked prices.

 

   

Futures and options traded on major exchanges are valued at the last-quoted sales price on their primary exchange.

 

   

Foreign securities traded outside the United States are generally valued as of the time their trading is complete, which is usually different from the close of the Exchange. Foreign securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars utilizing spot exchange rates at the close of regular trading on the NYSE.

 

   

Occasionally, events affecting the value of securities occur between the time the primary market on which the securities are traded closes and the close of the Exchange. If events materially affect the value of securities, the securities will be valued at their fair value according to procedures decided upon in good faith by the Board. This occurs most commonly with foreign securities, but may occur in other cases. The fair value of a security is likely to be different from the quoted or published price.

 

   

Short-term securities maturing more than 60 days from the valuation date are valued at the readily available market price or approximate market value based on current interest rates. Typically short-term securities maturing in 60 days or less that originally had maturities of more than 60 days at acquisition date are valued at amortized cost using the market value on the 61st day before maturity. Short-term securities maturing in 60 days or less at acquisition date are valued at amortized cost. Amortized cost is an approximation of market value determined by systematically increasing the carrying value of a security if acquired at a discount, or reducing the carrying value if acquired at a premium, so that the carrying value is equal to maturity value on the maturity date.

 

   

Securities without a readily available market price and securities for which the price quotations or valuations received from other sources are deemed unreliable or not reflective of market value are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board. The Board is responsible for selecting methods it believes provide fair value.

 

   

When possible, bonds are valued at an evaluated bid by a pricing service independent from the funds. If a valuation of a bond is not available from a pricing service, the bond will be valued by a dealer knowledgeable about the bond if such a dealer is available.

For Money Market Funds. In accordance with Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act, all of the securities in the fund’s portfolio are valued at amortized cost. The amortized cost method of valuation is an approximation of market value determined by systematically increasing the carrying value of a security if acquired at a discount, or reducing the carrying value if acquired at a premium, so that the carrying value is equal to maturity value on the maturity date. Amortized cost does not take into consideration unrealized capital gains or losses.

The Board has established procedures designed to stabilize the fund’s price per share for purposes of sales and redemptions at $1, to the extent that it is reasonably possible to do so. These procedures include review of the fund’s securities by the Board, at intervals deemed appropriate by it, to determine whether the fund’s net asset value per share computed by using available market quotations deviates from a share value of $1 as computed using the amortized cost method. The Board must consider any deviation that appears

 

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and, if it exceeds 0.5%, it must determine what action, if any, needs to be taken. If the Board determines a deviation exists that may result in a material dilution of the holdings of current shareholders or investors, or in any other unfair consequences for shareholders, it must undertake remedial action that it deems necessary and appropriate. Such action may include withholding dividends, calculating net asset value per share for purposes of sales and redemptions using available market quotations, making redemptions in kind, and selling securities before maturity in order to realize capital gains or losses or to shorten average portfolio maturity.

While the amortized cost method provides certainty and consistency in portfolio valuation, it may result in valuations of securities that are either somewhat higher or lower than the prices at which the securities could be sold. This means that during times of declining interest rates the yield on the fund’s shares may be higher than if valuations of securities were made based on actual market prices and estimates of market prices. Accordingly, if using the amortized cost method were to result in a lower portfolio value, a prospective investor in the fund would be able to obtain a somewhat higher yield than the investor would get if portfolio valuations were based on actual market values. Existing shareholders, on the other hand, would receive a somewhat lower yield than they would otherwise receive. The opposite would happen during a period of rising interest rates.

Portfolio Holdings Disclosure

Each fund’s Board and the investment manager believe that the investment ideas of the investment manager and any subadviser with respect to portfolio management of a fund should benefit the fund and its shareholders, and do not want to afford speculators an opportunity to profit by anticipating fund trading strategies or by using fund portfolio holdings information for stock picking. However, each fund’s Board also believes that knowledge of the fund’s portfolio holdings can assist shareholders in monitoring their investments, making asset allocation decisions, and evaluating portfolio management techniques.

Each fund’s Board has therefore adopted policies and procedures relating to disclosure of the fund’s portfolio securities. These policies and procedures are intended to protect the confidentiality of fund portfolio holdings information and generally prohibit the release of such information until such information is made public, unless such persons have been authorized to receive such information on a selective basis, as described below. It is the policy of the fund not to provide or permit others to provide portfolio holdings on a selective basis, and the investment manager does not intend to selectively disclose portfolio holdings or expect that such holdings information will be selectively disclosed, except where necessary for the fund’s operation or where there are legitimate business purposes for doing so and, in any case, where conditions are met that are designed to protect the interests of the fund and its shareholders.

Although the investment manager seeks to limit the selective disclosure of portfolio holdings information and such selective disclosure is monitored under the fund’s compliance program for conformity with the policies and procedures, there can be no assurance that these policies will protect the fund from the potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information. Under no circumstances may the investment manager, its affiliates or any employee thereof receive any consideration or compensation for disclosing such holdings information.

Public Disclosures

The funds’ portfolio holdings are currently disclosed to the public through filings with the SEC and postings on the funds’ website. The information is available on the funds’ website as described below.

 

   

For Equity and Balanced funds, a complete list of fund portfolio holdings as of month-end are posted on the website on a monthly basis approximately, but no earlier than, 15 calendar days after each month-end. The four most recent consecutive monthly disclosures remain posted for each fund. Such portfolio holdings information posted on the website includes the name of each portfolio security, number of shares held by the fund, value of the security and the security’s percentage of the market value of the fund’s portfolio as of month-end.

 

   

For Fixed Income funds, a complete list of fund portfolio holdings as of calendar quarter-end are posted on the website on a quarterly basis approximately, but no earlier than, 30 calendar days after such quarter-end, and remain posted at least until the date on which the fund files its Form N-CSR or Form N-Q with the SEC for the subsequent fiscal period. Fixed income fund

 

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portfolio holdings information posted on the website shall include the name of each portfolio security, maturity/rate, par value and the security’s percentage of the market value of the fund’s portfolio as of calendar quarter-end.

 

   

For Money Market funds, a complete list of fund portfolio holdings as of month-end are posted on the website on a monthly basis, approximately five business days after such month-end. Commencing with the month-end holdings as of September 2010 and thereafter, such month-end holdings will be continuously available on the website for at least six months, together with a link to an SEC webpage where a user of the website may obtain access to the fund’s most recent 12 months of publicly available filings on Form N-MFP. Additionally, as of September 2010 and thereafter, Money Market fund portfolio holdings information posted on the website will, at minimum, include with respect to each holding, the name of the issuer, the category of investment (e.g., Treasury debt, government agency debt, asset backed commercial paper, structured investment vehicle note), the CUSIP number (if any), the principal amount, the maturity date (as determined under Rule 2a-7 for purposes of calculating weighted average maturity), the final maturity date (if different from the maturity date previously described), coupon or yield and the amortized cost value. The Money Market funds will also disclose on the website the overall weighted average maturity and weighted average life maturity of a holding and any other information that may be required by the SEC.

Portfolio holdings of funds owned solely by affiliates of the investment manager may not be disclosed on the website. A complete schedule of each fund’s portfolio holdings is available semi-annually and annually in shareholder reports filed on Form N-CSR and, after the first and third fiscal quarters, in regulatory filings on Form N-Q. These shareholder reports and regulatory filings are filed with the SEC in accordance with federal securities laws and are generally available on the SEC’s website within sixty (60) days of the end of a fund’s fiscal quarter.

In addition, the investment manager makes publicly available information regarding certain fund’s largest five to fifteen holdings, as a percent of the market value of the funds’ portfolios as of a month-end. This holdings information is made publicly available through the websites (riversource.com/funds for RiverSource and Threadneedle funds and seligman.com for Seligman funds), approximately fifteen (15) days following the month-end. The scope of the information that is made available on the funds’ websites pursuant to the funds’ policies may change from time to time without prior notice.

Other Disclosures

The funds’ policies and procedures provide that no disclosures of the funds’ portfolio holdings may be made prior to the portfolio holdings information being made public unless (i) the funds have a legitimate business purpose for making such disclosure, (ii) the funds or their authorized agents authorize such non-public disclosure of information, and (iii) the party receiving the non-public information enters into an appropriate confidentiality agreement or is otherwise subject to a confidentiality obligation.

In determining the existence of a legitimate business purpose for making portfolio disclosures, the following factors, among others, are considered: (i) any prior disclosure must be consistent with the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws and the fiduciary duties of the investment manager; (ii) any conflicts of interest between the interests of fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the investment manager, the funds’ distributor or any affiliated person of a fund, the investment manager or distributor on the other; and (iii) any prior disclosure to a third party, although subject to a confidentiality agreement, would not make conduct lawful that is otherwise unlawful.

In addition, the funds periodically disclose their portfolio information on a confidential basis to various service providers that require such information to assist the funds with their day-to-day business affairs. These service providers include each fund’s sub-advisor(s) (if any), affiliates of the investment manager, the funds’ custodian, sub-custodians, the funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, legal counsel, financial printers, proxy solicitor and proxy voting service provider, as well as ratings agencies that maintain ratings on certain funds. These service providers are required to keep such information confidential, and are prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the funds. The funds also may disclose portfolio holdings information to broker/dealers and certain other entities in connection with potential transactions and management of the funds, provided that reasonable precautions, including limitations on the scope of the portfolio holdings information disclosed, are taken to avoid any potential misuse of the disclosed information.

The fund also discloses holdings information as required by federal, state or international securities laws, and may disclose holdings information in response to requests by governmental authorities, or in connection with litigation or potential litigation, a restructuring

 

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of a holding, where such disclosure is necessary to participate or explore participation in a restructuring of the holding (e.g., as part of a bondholder group), or to the issuer of a holding, pursuant to a request of the issuer or any other party who is duly authorized by the issuer.

Each fund’s Board has adopted policies to ensure that the fund’s holdings information is only disclosed in accordance with these policies. Before any selective disclosure of holdings information is permitted, the person seeking to disclose such holdings information must submit a written request to the Portfolio Holdings Committee (“PHC”). The PHC is comprised of members from the investment manager’s legal department, Compliance, and the funds’ President. The PHC has been authorized by each fund’s Board to perform an initial review of requests for disclosure of holdings information to evaluate whether there is a legitimate business purpose for selective disclosure, whether selective disclosure is in the best interests of a fund and its shareholders, to consider any potential conflicts of interest between the fund, the investment manager, and its affiliates, and to safeguard against improper use of holdings information. Factors considered in this analysis are whether the recipient has agreed to or has a duty to keep the holdings information confidential and whether risks have been mitigated such that the recipient has agreed or has a duty to use the holdings information only as necessary to effectuate the purpose for which selective disclosure was authorized, including a duty not to trade on such information. Before portfolio holdings may be selectively disclosed, requests approved by the PHC must also be authorized by either the fund’s President, Chief Compliance Officer or General Counsel or their respective designees. On at least an annual basis, the PHC reviews the approved recipients of selective disclosure and may require a resubmission of the request, in order to re-authorize certain ongoing arrangements. These procedures are intended to be reasonably designed to protect the confidentiality of fund holdings information and to prohibit their release to individual investors, institutional investors, intermediaries that distribute the fund’s shares, and other parties, until such holdings information is made public or unless such persons have been authorized to receive such holdings information on a selective basis, as set forth above.

Although the investment manager has set up these procedures to monitor and control selective disclosure of holdings information, there can be no assurance that these procedures will protect a fund from the potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information.

The funds currently have ongoing arrangements with certain approved recipients with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings information prior to such information being made public. Portfolio holdings information disclosed to such recipients is current as of the time of its disclosure, is disclosed to each recipient solely for purposes consistent with the services described below and has been authorized in accordance with the policy. These special arrangements are described in the table below.

Ongoing Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Arrangements:

In addition to the daily information provided to the fund’s custodians, subcustodians, administrator and investment advisers, the following disclosure arrangements are in place:

 

Identity of Recipient

  

Conditions/restrictions on use of information

   Frequency
of disclosure

Bitlathe

   Website support for fund performance disclosure    Monthly

BlackRock, Inc.

   For providing trading operations and portfolio management support.    Daily

Bloomberg, L.P.

   For independent research of funds. Sent monthly, approximately 30 days after month end.    Monthly

Bowne & Co.

   For printing of proxies and annual updates to prospectuses and SAIs.    As needed

Cenveo, Inc.

   For printing of prospectuses, supplements, SAIs and shareholder reports.    As needed

Factset Research Systems

   For provision of quantitative analytics, charting and fundamental data to the investment manager.    Daily

Investment Technology Group, Inc. (ITG, formerly known as Plexus Group)

   For evaluation and assessment of trading activity, execution and practices by the investment manager.    Daily

InvestorTools, Inc.

   Provide descriptive data for municipal securities    Daily

Morningstar, Inc.

   For independent research and ranking of funds. Sent monthly, approximately 25 days after month end.    Monthly

RiskMetrics Group (formerly Institutional Shareholder Services)

   Proxy voting administration and research on proxy matters.    Daily

Thomson Reuters Corp. (Lipper)

   Information provided monthly with a 30 day lag to assure accuracy of Lipper Fact Sheets.    Monthly

 

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Proxy Voting

GENERAL GUIDELINES, POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

The funds uphold a long tradition of supporting sound and principled corporate governance. For over 30 years, the Board, which consists of a majority of independent Board members, has determined policies and voted proxies. The funds’ investment manager, RiverSource Investments, and the funds’ administrator, Ameriprise Financial, provide support to the Board in connection with the proxy voting process.

GENERAL GUIDELINES

Corporate Governance Matters — The Board supports proxy proposals that it believes are tied to the interests of shareholders and votes against proxy proposals that appear to entrench management. For example:

 

   

The Board generally votes in favor of proposals for an independent chairman or, if the chairman is not independent, in favor of a lead independent director.

 

   

The Board supports annual election of all directors and proposals to eliminate classes of directors.

 

   

In a routine election of directors, the Board will generally vote with management’s recommendations because the Board believes that management and nominating committees of independent directors are in the best position to know what qualifications are required of directors to form an effective board. However, the Board will generally vote against a nominee who has been assigned to the audit, compensation or nominating committee if the nominee is not independent of management based on established criteria. The Board will also withhold support for any director who fails to attend 75% of meetings or has other activities that appear to interfere with his or her ability to commit sufficient attention to the company and, in general, will vote against nominees who are determined to have been involved in options backdating.

 

   

The Board generally supports proposals requiring director nominees to receive a majority of affirmative votes cast in order to be elected to the board, and opposes cumulative voting based on the view that each director elected should represent the interests of all shareholders.

 

   

Votes in a contested election of directors are evaluated on a case-by-case basis. In general, the Board believes that incumbent management and nominating committees, with access to more and better information, are in the best position to make strategic business decisions. However, the Board will consider an opposing slate if it makes a compelling business case for leading the company in a new direction.

Shareholder Rights Plans — The Board generally supports shareholder rights plans based on a belief that such plans force uninvited bidders to negotiate with a company’s board. The Board believes these negotiations allow time for the company to maximize value for shareholders by forcing a higher premium from a bidder, attracting a better bid from a competing bidder or allowing the company to pursue its own strategy for enhancing shareholder value. The Board supports proposals to submit shareholder rights plans to shareholders and supports limiting the vote required for approval of such plans to a majority of the votes cast.

Auditors — The Board values the independence of auditors based on established criteria. The Board supports a reasonable review of matters that may raise concerns regarding an auditor’s service that may cause the Board to vote against a management recommendation, including, for example, auditor involvement in significant financial restatements, options backdating, material weaknesses in control, attempts to limit auditor liability or situations where independence has been compromised.

Stock Option Plans and Other Management Compensation Issues — The Board expects company management to give thoughtful consideration to providing competitive long-term employee incentives directly tied to the interest of shareholders. The Board votes against proxy proposals that it believes dilute shareholder value excessively.

 

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The Board believes that equity compensation awards can be a useful tool, when not abused, for retaining employees and giving them incentives to engage in conduct that will improve the performance of the company. In this regard, the Board generally favors minimum holding periods of stock obtained by senior management pursuant to an option plan and will vote against compensation plans for executives that it deems excessive.

Social and Corporate Policy Issues — The Board believes proxy proposals should address the business interests of the corporation. Shareholder proposals sometime seek to have the company disclose or amend certain business practices based purely on social or environmental issues rather than compelling business arguments. In general, the Board recognizes our fund shareholders are likely to have differing views of social and environmental issues and believes that these matters are primarily the responsibility of a company’s management and its board of directors.

POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

The policy of the Board is to vote all proxies of the companies in which a fund holds investments. Because of the volume and complexity of the proxy voting process, including inherent inefficiencies in the process that are outside the control of the Board or the Proxy Team (as defined below), not all proxies may be voted. The Board has implemented policies and procedures that have been reasonably designed to vote proxies and to ensure that there are no conflicts between interests of a fund’s shareholders and those of the funds’ principal underwriters, RiverSource Investments, or other affiliated persons. In exercising its proxy voting responsibilities, the Board may rely upon the research or recommendations of one or more third party service providers.

The administration of the proxy voting process is handled by the RiverSource Proxy Administration Team (“Proxy Team”). In exercising its responsibilities, the Proxy Team may rely upon one or more third party service providers. The Proxy Team assists the Board in identifying situations where its guidelines do not clearly require a vote in a particular manner and assists in researching matters and making voting recommendations. RiverSource Investments may recommend that a proxy be voted in a manner contrary to the Board’s guidelines. In making recommendations to the Board about voting on a proposal, the investment manager relies on its own investment personnel (or the investment personnel of a fund’s subadviser(s)) and information obtained from an independent research firm. The investment manager makes the recommendation in writing. The process requires that Board members who are independent from the investment manager consider the recommendation and decide how to vote the proxy proposal or establish a protocol for voting the proposal.

On an annual basis, or more frequently as determined necessary, the Board reviews recommendations to revise the existing guidelines or add new guidelines. Recommendations are based on, among other things, industry trends and the frequency that similar proposals appear on company ballots.

The Board considers management’s recommendations as set out in the company’s proxy statement. In each instance in which a fund votes against management’s recommendation (except when withholding votes from a nominated director), the Board sends a letter to senior management of the company explaining the basis for its vote. This permits both the company’s management and the Board to have an opportunity to gain better insight into issues presented by the proxy proposal(s).

Voting in Countries Outside the United States (Non-U.S. Countries) — Voting proxies for companies not domiciled in the United States may involve greater effort and cost due to the variety of regulatory schemes and corporate practices. For example, certain non-U.S. countries require securities to be blocked prior to a vote, which means that the securities to be voted may not be traded within a specified number of days before the shareholder meeting. The Board typically will not vote securities in non-U.S. countries that require securities to be blocked as the need for liquidity of the securities in the funds will typically outweigh the benefit of voting. There may be additional costs associated with voting in non-U.S. countries such that the Board may determine that the cost of voting outweighs the potential benefit.

Securities on Loan — The Board will generally refrain from recalling securities on loan based upon its determination that the costs and lost revenue to the funds, combined with the administrative effects of recalling the securities, generally outweigh the benefit of voting the proxy. While neither the Board nor the funds’ administrator assesses the economic impact and benefits of voting loaned securities on a case-by-case basis, situations may arise where the Board requests that loaned securities be recalled in order to vote a proxy. In this regard, if a proxy relates to matters that may impact the nature of a company, such as a proposed merger or acquisition, and the funds’ ownership position is more significant, the Board has established a guideline to direct the funds’ administrator to use its best efforts to recall such securities based upon its determination that, in these situations, the benefits of voting such proxies generally outweigh the costs or lost revenue to the funds, or any potential adverse administrative effects to the funds, of not recalling such securities.

 

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Investment in Affiliated Funds — Certain RiverSource funds may invest in shares of other RiverSource funds (referred to in this context as “underlying funds”) and may own substantial portions of these underlying funds. The proxy policy of the funds is to ensure that direct public shareholders of underlying funds control the outcome of any shareholder vote. To help manage this potential conflict of interest, recognizing that the direct public shareholders of these underlying funds may represent only a minority interest, the policy of the funds is to vote proxies of the underlying funds in the same proportion as the vote of the direct public shareholders. If there are no direct public shareholders of an underlying fund, the policy is to cast votes in accordance with instructions from the independent members of the Board.

OBTAIN A PROXY VOTING RECORD

Each year the RiverSource funds file their proxy voting records with the SEC and make them available by August 31 for the 12-month period ending June 30 of that year. The records can be obtained without charge through riversource.com/funds or searching the website of the SEC at www.sec.gov.

Investing in a Fund

Purchasing Shares

As a contract owner or participant in a Qualified Plan, you may not buy (nor will you own) shares of the Funds directly. You invest by buying a Contract or contributing to a Qualified Plan and making allocations to one or more Funds. Your purchase price will be the next NAV calculated after your request is received in good order by the Fund, a participating insurance company or Qualified Plan sponsor.

If you own a Contract or participate in a Qualified Plan, see your Contract prospectus or Qualified Plan disclosure documents for further information concerning allocations to the Funds, minimum and maximum payments and submission and acceptance of your application.

Transferring/Selling Shares

There is no sales charge associated with the purchase of fund shares, but there may be charges associated with the surrender or withdrawal of your annuity contract or life insurance policy. Any charges that apply to your Contract are described in your annuity contract or life insurance policy prospectus.

You may transfer all or part of your value in your Account investing in shares of the fund to one or more of the other Accounts investing in shares of other funds with different investment objectives.

You may provide instructions to sell any shares you have allocated to your Account. Proceeds will be mailed within seven days after your surrender or withdrawal request is accepted by an authorized agent. The amount you receive may be more or less than the amount you invested. Your sale price will be the next NAV calculated after your request is received in good order by the fund or an authorized insurance company.

A fund will sell any shares presented by the shareholders Accounts of participating insurance companies, Qualified Plans and other qualified institutional investors authorized by the distributor for sale. The policies on when or whether to buy or sell shares are described in your annuity or life insurance prospectus or Qualified Plan disclosure documents.

 

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During an emergency the Board can suspend the computation of net asset value, stop accepting payments for purchase of shares, or suspend the duty of a fund to sell shares for more than seven days. Such emergency situations would occur if:

 

   

The Exchange closes for reasons other than the usual weekend and holiday closings or trading on the Exchange is restricted, or

 

   

Disposal of a fund’s securities is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for the fund to determine the fair value of its net assets, or

 

   

The SEC, under the provisions of the 1940 Act, declares a period of emergency to exist.

Should a fund stop selling shares, the Board may make a deduction from the value of the assets held by the fund to cover the cost of future liquidations of the assets so as to distribute these costs fairly among all contract owners.

REJECTION OF BUSINESS

Each fund and the distributor of the fund reserve the right to reject any business, in their sole discretion.

Capital Loss Carryover

For federal income tax purposes, certain funds had total capital loss carryovers at the end of the most recent fiscal period that, if not offset by subsequent capital gains, will expire as follows. Because the measurement periods for a regulated investment company’s income are different for excise tax purposes verses income tax purposes, special rules are in place to protect the amount of earnings and profits needed to support excise tax distributions. As a result, the funds are permitted to treat net capital losses realized between November 1 and its fiscal year end (“post-October loss”) as occurring on the first day of the following tax year. The total capital loss carryovers below include post-October losses, if applicable. It is unlikely that the Board will authorize a distribution of any net realized capital gains until the available capital loss carryover has been offset or has expired except as required by Internal Revenue Service rules.

Table 9. Capital Loss Carryover

 

Fund

  Total
capital loss
carryovers
    Amount
expiring in
2010
    Amount
expiring in
2011
    Amount
expiring
in

2012
    Amount
expiring
in

2013
    Amount
expiring
in

2014
    Amount
expiring
in

2015
    Amount
expiring in
2016
    Amount
expiring in
2017
    Amount
expiring in
2018
 

Balanced

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Cash Management

  $ 2,605,753      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 150      $ 0      $ 1,337      $ 282,517      $ 2,314,644      $ 7,105   

Core Equity

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Davis New York Venture

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Diversified Bond

  $ 178,532,219      $ 15,651,824      $ 4,231,263      $ 0      $ 7,658,240      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 148,201,528      $ 2,789,364   

Diversified Equity Income

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Dynamic Equity

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Emerging Markets

  $ 134,805,438      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 113,436,613      $ 20,721,932      $ 646,893   

Global Bond

  $ 5,799,019      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 1,831,824      $ 3,967,195      $ 0   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

  $ 1,939,295      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 1,939,295   

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Growth

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

High Yield Bond

  $ 252,118,480      $ 106,316,242      $ 0      $ 0      $ 760,493      $ 0      $ 0      $ 72,914,336      $ 72,127,409      $ 0   

Income Opportunities

  $ 76,483,626      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 1,606,700      $ 45,189,910      $ 29,687,016      $ 0   

International Opportunity

  $ 291,142,141      $ 90,583,079      $ 21,881,478      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 28,239,702      $ 148,996,565      $ 1,441,317   

Larger-Cap Value

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Mid Cap Growth

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Mid Cap Value

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Partners Small Cap Value

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

S&P 500 Index

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Short Duration U.S. Government

  $ 21,344,123      $ 0      $ 0      $ 275,317      $ 3,894,750      $ 3,130,115      $ 0      $ 0      $ 13,312,436      $ 731,505   

Smaller-Cap Value

  $ 0        —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

 

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Taxes

Each Fund other than RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Cash Management Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Core Bond Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Diversified Bond Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Emerging Markets Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Global Bond Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Global Inflation Protected Securities Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — High Yield Bond Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Income Opportunities Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — International Opportunity Fund and RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Short Duration U.S. Government Fund (the “non-RIC Funds”) intends to qualify for and elect the tax treatment applicable to a regulated investment company (RIC) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”).

To qualify as a RIC, the fund must distribute, for its taxable year, at least 90% of its investment company taxable income plus at least 90% of its net tax-exempt income. The RIC funds intend to distribute 100% of all net income, including net capital gain, to avoid federal income tax. The Funds intend to comply with the requirements of Section 817(h) and the related regulations issued thereunder by the Treasury Department. These provisions impose certain diversification requirements in order for participating insurance companies and their “separate accounts” which hold shares in the Fund to qualify for special tax treatment described below. Under a Section 817(h) safe harbor for separate accounts, (a) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets must be represented by cash, U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the Fund’s total assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of its total assets may be invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies), the securities of two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, or in the securities of one or more publicly traded partnerships. If no more than 55% of the assets of the funds are invested in cash, cash items, government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, the subchapter M diversification requirement will also satisfy the Section 817(h) requirement. If the safe harbor cannot be utilized, the assets of the fund must meet the following requirement. No more than 55% of the value of total assets can be invested in one security, no more than 70% of the value of total assets can be invested in two securities, no more than 80% of the value of total assets can be invested in three securities, and no more than 90% of the value of total assets can be invested in four securities.

Under federal tax law, by the end of a calendar year a fund that is a RIC must declare and pay dividends representing 98% of ordinary income for that calendar year and 98% of net capital gains (both long-term and short-term) for the 12-month period ending Oct. 31 of that calendar year. Such a fund is subject to an excise tax equal to 4% of the excess, if any, of the amount required to be distributed over the amount actually distributed. Each Fund other than the non-RIC Funds intends to comply with this federal tax law related to annual distributions and avoid any excise tax. For purposes of the excise tax distributions, section 988 ordinary gains and losses (i.e. certain foreign currency gains and losses) are distributable based on an Oct. 31 year end. This is an exception to the general rule that ordinary income is paid based on a calendar year end.

Each non-RIC Fund other than the RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Core Equity Fund will be treated as a partnership for federal income purposes. A partnership is not subject to U.S. federal income tax itself, although it must file an annual information return. Rather, each partner of a partnership, in computing its federal income tax liability for a taxable year, is required to take into account its allocable share of the Fund’s items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit for the taxable year of the Fund ending within or with the taxable year of the partner, regardless of whether such partner has received or will receive corresponding distributions from the Fund.

The RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Core Equity Fund will be treated as an entity disregarded from its owner for federal income tax purposes (a so-called “disregarded entity”). A disregarded entity itself is not subject to U.S. federal income tax nor to any annual tax return filing requirements.

 

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The non-RIC Funds will not need to make distributions to their shareholders to preserve their tax status. For purposes of the latter diversification requirement, the Fund’s beneficial interest in a regulated investment company, a real estate investment trust, a partnership or a grantor trust will not be treated as a single investment of a segregated asset account if the Fund meets certain requirements related to its ownership and access. Instead, a pro rata portion of each asset of the investment company, partnership, or trust will be treated as an asset of the segregated asset account. The Funds intend to meet such requirements.

The Funds other than the non-RIC Funds may be subject to U.S. taxes resulting from holdings in a passive foreign investment company (PFIC). To avoid taxation, a Fund may make an election to mark to market its PFIC stock. A foreign corporation is a PFIC when 75% or more of its gross income for the taxable year is passive income or 50% or more of the average value of its assets consists of assets that produce or could produce passive income. The partners or owners in non-RIC Funds may similarly be subject to U.S. taxes resulting from holdings in a PFIC. To the extent possible, such non-RIC Funds may similarly make an election to mark to market any PFIC stock.

Income earned by a Fund may have had foreign taxes imposed and withheld on it in foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes.

This is a brief summary that relates to federal income taxation only. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor as to the application of federal, state, and local income tax laws to fund distributions.

 

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Service Providers

INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT SERVICES

RiverSource Investments is the investment manager for each fund. Under the Investment Management Services Agreement, the investment manager, subject to the policies set by the Board, provides investment management services.

For its services, the investment manager is paid a monthly fee based on the following schedule. The fee is calculated for each calendar day on the basis of net assets as of the close of the preceding day.

Table 10. Investment Management Services Agreement Fee Schedule

 

Fund

   Assets
(billions)
   Annual rate at
each  asset level
   

Daily rate on

last day of most

recent fiscal period

Balanced

   First $1.0      0.530   0.530%
   Next 1.0      0.505     
   Next 1.0      0.480     
   Next 3.0      0.455     
   Next 1.5      0.430     
   Next 2.5      0.410     
   Next 5.0      0.390     
   Next 9.0      0.370     
   Over 24.0      0.350     

Cash Management

   First $1.0      0.330      0.330%
   Next 0.5      0.313     
   Next 0.5      0.295     
   Next 0.5      0.278     
   Next 2.5      0.260     
   Next 1.0      0.240     
   Next 1.5      0.220     
   Next 1.5      0.215     
   Next 1.0      0.190     
   Next 5.0      0.180     
   Next 5.0      0.170     
   Next 4.0      0.160     
   Over 24.0      0.150     

Diversified Bond

   First $1.0      0.480      0.432%
   Next 1.0      0.455     
   Next 1.0      0.430     
   Next 3.0      0.405     
   Next 1.5      0.380     
   Next 1.5      0.365     
   Next 1.0      0.360     
   Next 5.0      0.350     
   Next 5.0      0.340     
   Next 4.0      0.330     
   Next 26.0      0.310     
   Over 50.0      0.290     

Core Equity

   All      0.400      0.400%

Davis New York Venture

   First $0.5      0.730      0.698%
   Next 0.5      0.705     
   Next 1.0      0.680     
   Next 1.0      0.655     

 

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   Next 3.0      0.630      
   Over 6.0      0.600      

Diversified Equity Income

   First $1.0      0.600       Diversified Equity Income – 0.564%

Dynamic Equity

   Next 1.0      0.575       Dynamic Equity – 0.593%

Growth

   Next 1.0      0.550       Growth – 0.600%

Larger-Cap Value

   Next 3.0      0.525       Larger-Cap Value – 0.600%
   Next 1.5      0.500      
   Next 2.5      0.485      
   Next 5.0      0.470      
   Next 5.0      0.450      
   Next 4.0      0.425      
   Next 26.0      0.400      
   Over 50.0      0.375      

Emerging Markets

   First $0.25      1.100       1.073%
   Next 0.25      1.080      
   Next 0.25      1.060      
   Next 0.25      1.040      
   Next 1.0      1.020      
   Next 5.5      1.000      
   Next 2.5      0.985      
   Next 5.0      0.970      
   Next 5.0      0.960      
   Next 4.0      0.935      
   Next 26.0      0.920      
   Over 50.0      0.900      

Global Bond

   First $0.25      0.720       0.657%
   Next 0.25      0.695      
   Next 0.25      0.670      
   Next 0.25      0.645      
   Next 6.5      0.620      
   Next 2.5      0.605      
   Next 5.0      0.590      
   Next 5.0      0.580      
   Next 4.0      0.560      
   Next 26.0      0.540      
   Over 50.0      0.520      

Global Inflation Protected Securities

   First $1.0      0.440       0.422%
   Next 1.0      0.415      
   Next 1.0      0.390      
   Next 3.0      0.365      
   Next 1.5      0.340      
   Next 1.5      0.325      
   Next 1.0      0.320      
   Next 5.0      0.310      
   Next 5.0      0.300      
   Next 4.0      0.290      
   Next 26.0      0.270      
   Over 50.0      0.250      

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

   First $0.50      0.780       0.780%
   Next 0.50      0.755      
   Next 1.00      0.730      
   Next 1.00      0.705      
   Next 3.00      0.680      
   Over 6.00      0.650      

High Yield Bond

   First $1.0      0.590       0.590%
   Next 1.0      0.565      
   Next 1.0      0.540      

 

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   Next 3.0      0.515      
   Next 1.5      0.490      
   Next 1.5      0.475      
   Next 1.0      0.450      
   Next 5.0      0.435      
   Next 5.0      0.425      
   Next 4.0      0.400      
   Next 26.0      0.385      
   Over 50.0      0.360      

Income Opportunities

   First $1.0      0.610       0.597%
   Next 1.0      0.585      
   Next 1.0      0.560      
   Next 3.0      0.535      
   Next 1.5      0.510      
   Next 1.5      0.495      
   Next 1.0      0.470      
   Next 5.0      0.455      
   Next 5.0      0.445      
   Next 4.0      0.420      
   Next 26.0      0.405      
   Over 50.0      0.380      

International Opportunity

   First $0.25      0.800       0.783%
   Next 0.25      0.775      
   Next 0.25      0.750      
   Next 0.25      0.725      
   Next 1.0      0.700      
   Next 5.5      0.675      
   Next 2.5      0.660      
   Next 5.0      0.645      
   Next 5.0      0.635      
   Next 4.0      0.610      
   Next 26.0      0.600      
   Over 50.0      0.570      

Mid Cap Growth

   First $1.0      0.700       0.700%

Mid Cap Value

   Next 1.0      0.675      
   Next 1.0      0.650      
   Next 3.0      0.625      
   Next 1.5      0.600      
   Next 2.5      0.575      
   Next 5.0      0.550      
   Next 9.0      0.525      
   Next 26.0      0.500      
   Over 50.0      0.475      

Partners Small Cap Value

   First $0.25      0.970       0.917%
   Next 0.25      0.945      
   Next 0.25      0.920      
   Next 0.25      0.895      
   Over 1.00      0.870      

S&P 500 Index

   First $1.0      0.220       0.220%
   Next 1.0      0.210      
   Next 1.0      0.200      
   Next 4.5      0.190      
   Next 2.5      0.180      
   Next 5.0      0.170      
   Next 9.0      0.160      
   Next 26.0      0.140      
   Over 50.0      0.120      

 

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Short Duration U.S. Government

   First $1.0      0.480       0.480%
   Next 1.0      0.455      
   Next 1.0      0.430      
   Next 3.0      0.405      
   Next 1.5      0.380      
   Next 1.5      0.365      
   Next 1.0      0.340      
   Next 5.0      0.325      
   Next 5.0      0.315      
   Next 4.0      0.290      
   Next 26.0      0.275      
   Over 50.0      0.250      

Smaller-Cap Value

   First $0.25      0.790       0.790%
   Next 0.25      0.765      
   Next 0.25      0.740      
   Next 0.25      0.715      
   Next 1.00      0.690      
   Over 2.00      0.665      

Under the agreement, the management fee is paid monthly. For all funds other than Core Equity, under the agreement, a fund also pays taxes, brokerage commissions and nonadvisory expenses, which include custodian fees and charges; fidelity bond premiums; certain legal fees; registration fees for shares; consultants’ fees; compensation of Board members, officers and employees not employed by the investment manager or its affiliates; corporate filing fees; organizational expenses; expenses incurred in connection with lending securities; and expenses properly payable by a fund, approved by the Board. For Core Equity, under the agreement, the fund also pays brokerage commissions and expenses properly payable by the fund, approved by the Board.

 

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For Balanced and Equity Funds, except for Core Equity and S&P 500 Index, before the fee based on the asset charge is paid, it is adjusted for the fund’s investment performance relative to a Performance Incentive Adjustment Index (PIA Index) as shown in the table below. The adjustment increased or decreased the fee for the last fiscal period as shown in the following table.

Table 11. PIA Indexes

 

Fund

  

PIA Index

   Fee Increase  or
(Decrease)
 
Balanced    Lipper Balanced Funds Index    $ (713,641
Davis New York Venture    Lipper Large-Cap Core Funds Index      (398,999
Diversified Equity Income    Lipper Equity Income Funds Index      (2,265,646
Dynamic Equity    Lipper Large-Cap Core Funds Index      (1,912,717
Emerging Markets    Lipper Emerging Markets Funds Index      (7,088
Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value    Lipper Mid-Cap Value Funds Index      3,589   
Growth    Lipper Large-Cap Growth Funds Index      (191,672
International Opportunity    Lipper International Large-Cap Core Funds Index      346,649   
Larger-Cap Value    Lipper Large-Cap Value Funds Index      772   
Mid Cap Growth    Lipper Mid-Cap Growth Funds Index      313,533   
Mid Cap Value    Lipper Mid-Cap Value Funds Index      (284,507
Partners Small Cap Value    Lipper Small-Cap Value Funds Index      623,579   
Smaller-Cap Value    Lipper Small-Cap Core Funds Index      3,613   

The adjustment will be determined monthly by measuring the percentage difference over a rolling 12-month period between the annualized performance of one Class 3 share of the fund and the annualized performance of the PIA Index (“performance difference”). The performance difference is then used to determine the adjustment rate. The adjustment rate, computed to five decimal places, is determined in accordance with the following table. The table is organized by fund category. You can find your fund’s category in Table 1.

Table 12. Performance Incentive Adjustment Calculation

 

Equity Funds

  

Balanced Funds

Performance

Difference

  

Adjustment Rate

  

Performance

Difference

  

Adjustment Rate

0.00% – 0.50%    0    0.00% – 0.50%    0

0.50% – 1.00%

   6 basis points times the performance difference over 0.50%, times 100 (maximum of 3 basis points if a 1% performance difference)    0.50% – 1.00%    6 basis points times the performance difference over 0.50%, times 100 (maximum of 3 basis points if a 1% performance difference)

1.00% – 2.00%

   3 basis points, plus 3 basis points times the performance difference over 1.00%, times 100 (maximum 6 basis points if a 2% performance difference)    1.00% – 2.00%    3 basis points, plus 3 basis points times the performance difference over 1.00%, times 100 (maximum 6 basis points if a 2% performance difference)

2.00% – 4.00%

   6 basis points, plus 2 basis points times the performance difference over 2.00%, times 100 (maximum 10 basis points if a 4% performance difference)    2.00% – 3.00%    6 basis points, plus 2 basis points times the performance difference over 2.00%, times 100 (maximum 8 basis points if a 3% performance difference)

4.00% – 6.00%

   10 basis points, plus 1 basis point times the performance difference over 4.00%, times 100 (maximum 12 basis points if a 6% performance difference)    3.00% or more    8 basis points

6.00% or more

   12 basis points      

For example, if the performance difference for an Equity Fund is 2.38%, the adjustment rate is 0.000676 (0.0006 [6 basis points] plus 0.0038 [the 0.38% performance difference over 2.00%] x 0.0002 [2 basis points] x 100 (0.000076)). Rounded to five decimal places,

 

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the adjustment rate is 0.00068. The maximum adjustment rate for the fund is 0.0012 per year. Where the fund’s performance exceeds that of the PIA Index, the fee paid to the investment manager will increase. Where the performance of the PIA Index exceeds the performance of the fund, the fee paid to the investment manager will decrease. The 12-month comparison period rolls over with each succeeding month, so that it always equals 12 months, ending with the month for which the performance adjustment is being computed.

Transition Period

The performance incentive adjustment will not be calculated for the first 6 months from the inception of the fund. After 6 full calendar months, the performance fee adjustment will be determined using the average assets and performance difference over the first 6 full calendar months, and the adjustment rate will be applied in full. Each successive month an additional calendar month will be added to the performance adjustment computation. After 12 full calendar months, the full rolling 12-month period will take affect.

Change in Index

If the PIA Index ceases to be published for a period of more than 90 days, changes in any material respect, otherwise becomes impracticable or, at the discretion of the Board, is no longer appropriate to use for purposes of a performance incentive adjustment, for example, if Lipper reclassifies the fund from one peer group to another, the Board may take action it deems appropriate and in the best interests of shareholders, including: (1) discontinuance of the performance incentive adjustment until such time as it approves a substitute index; or (2) adoption of a methodology to transition to a substitute index it has approved.

In the case of a change in the PIA, a fund’s performance will be compared to a 12 month blended index return that reflects the performance of the current index for the portion of the 12 month performance measurement period beginning the effective date of the current index and the performance of the prior index for the remainder of the measurement period. At the conclusion of the transition period, the performance of the prior index will be eliminated from the performance incentive adjustment calculation, and the calculation will include only the performance of the current index.

The table below shows the total management fees paid by each fund for the last three fiscal periods as well as nonadvisory expenses, net of earnings credits, waivers and expenses reimbursed by the investment manager and its affiliates.

Table 13. Management Fees and Nonadvisory Expenses

 

     Management Fees      Nonadvisory Expenses  

Fund

   2009      2008      2007      2009     2008      2007  

Balanced

   $ 4,358,029       $ 5,660,193       $ 10,207,597       $ 328,336      $ 603,763       $ 702,148   

Cash Management

     4,260,259         4,822,786         3,948,685         (1,328,379     756,032         434,267   

Core Equity

     663,143         1,093,082         1,642,137         7,357        64         10   

Davis New York Venture

     9,259,332         6,684,742         4,175,080         320,167        154,845         292,709   

Diversified Bond

     21,852,431         20,594,612         15,781,102         1,391,946        1,723,001         1,465,620   

Diversified Equity Income

     15,923,618         20,576,046         23,103,173         684,469        1,187,136         1,305,345   

Dynamic Equity

     5,645,020         9,714,186         20,273,195         281,599        929,172         1,446,945   

Emerging Markets

     8,659,092         9,687,546         8,164,229         675,903        1,701,303         876,161   

Global Bond

     9,958,933         9,713,843         6,973,229         586,488        746,219         622,142   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

     6,733,638         4,287,772         3,236,715         445,545        274,409         195,305   

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

     97,939         166,318         256,311         13,915        949         (7,715

Growth

     1,311,431         2,015,754         4,008,245         76,063        265,669         287,271   

High Yield Bond

     3,826,311         4,734,214         6,901,243         130,015        357,818         394,044   

Income Opportunities

     8,002,259         4,897,354         3,617,325         318,073        427,309         250,862   

International Opportunity

     4,383,429         7,078,303         8,874,024         222,536        620,517         719,475   

Larger-Cap Value

     70,871         72,009         152,872         22,785        31,004         53,422   

Mid Cap Growth

     2,552,962         2,510,358         3,768,124         97,226        227,247         291,133   

Mid Cap Value

   $ 1,370,736       $ 2,342,804       $ 3,056,368       $ 67,922      $ 198,692       $ 227,842   

Partners Small Cap Value

     10,479,008         9,813,595         7,915,970         113,009        82,967         (19,551

S&P 500 Index

     430,200         636,430         880,002         65,553        130,130         120,025   

Short Duration U.S. Government

     2,432,037         2,383,501         2,229,664         130,296        266,108         254,181   

Smaller-Cap Value

     547,309         692,220         1,358,098         19,558        83,715         136,488   

 

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Manager of Managers Exemption

The RiverSource funds have received an order from the SEC that permits RiverSource Investments, subject to the approval of the Board, to appoint a subadviser or change the terms of a subadvisory agreement for a fund without first obtaining shareholder approval. The order permits the fund to add or change unaffiliated subadvisers or the fees paid to subadvisers from time to time without the expense and delays associated with obtaining shareholder approval of the change.

For Cash Management, Diversified Bond, Global Bond, High Yield Bond and Short Duration U.S. Government funds: if the fund was to seek to rely on the order, holders of a majority of the fund’s outstanding voting securities would need to approve operating the fund in this manner. There is no assurance shareholder approval, if sought, will be received, and no changes will be made without shareholder approval until that time.

Subadvisory Agreements

The assets of certain funds are managed by subadvisers that have been selected by the investment manager, subject to the review and approval of the Board. The investment manager has recommended the subadvisers to the Board based upon its assessment of the skills of the subadvisers in managing other assets with objectives and investment strategies substantially similar to those of the applicable fund. Short-term investment performance is not the only factor in selecting or terminating a subadviser, and the investment manager does not expect to make frequent changes of subadvisers. Certain subadvisers, affiliated with the investment manager, have been directly approved by shareholders. These subadvisers are noted in Table 15.

The investment manager allocates the assets of a fund with multiple subadvisers among the subadvisers. Each subadviser has discretion, subject to oversight by the Board and the investment manager, to purchase and sell portfolio assets, consistent with the fund’s investment objectives, policies, and restrictions. Generally, the services that a subadviser provides to the fund are limited to asset management and related recordkeeping services.

The investment manager has entered into an advisory agreement with each subadviser under which the subadviser provides investment advisory assistance and day-to-day management of some or all of the fund’s portfolio, as well as investment research and statistical information. A subadviser may also serve as a discretionary or non-discretionary investment adviser to management or advisory accounts that are unrelated in any manner to the investment manager or its affiliates.

The following table shows the advisory fee schedules for fees paid by the investment manager to subadvisers for funds that have subadvisers.

Table 14. Subadvisers and Subadvisory Agreement Fee Schedules

 

Fund

  

Subadviser

   Parent
Company
  

Fee Schedule

Davis New York Venture    Davis Selected Advisers, LP (Davis)(a),(b) (effective April 24, 2006)    N/A    0.45% on the first $100 million, reducing to 0.25% as assets increase
Emerging Markets    Threadneedle International Limited(a) (Threadneedle) (effective July 9, 2004)    A    0.45% on the first $150 million, reducing to 0.30% as assets increase, and subject to a performance incentive adjustment(c)
Goldman Sachs    Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P.    B    0.45% on all assets
Mid Cap Value    (GSAM) (effective Feb. 19, 2010)      
International Opportunity    Threadneedle(a) (effective July 9, 2004)    A    0.35% on the first $150 million, reducing to 0.20% as assets increase, and subject to a performance incentive adjustment(c)
Partners Small Cap Value    Barrow, Hanley, Mewhinney & Strauss (BHMS)(b) (effective March 12, 2004)    C    1.00% on the first $10 million, reducing to 0.30% as assets increase
   Denver Investment Advisors LLC (Denver) (effective July 16, 2007)    N/A    0.55% on all assets
   Donald Smith & Co. Inc. (Donald Smith)(b) (effective March 12, 2004)    N/A    0.60% on the first $175 million, reducing to 0.55% as assets increase
  

Turner Investment Partners, Inc.

(Turner) (effective June 6, 2008)

   N/A    0.50% on the first $50 million, reducing to 0.35% as assets increase
  

River Road Asset Management LLC

(River Road) (effective April 24, 2006)

   D    0.50% on all assets

 

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(a) Threadneedle is an affiliate of the investment manager as an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial. Davis is a 1940 Act affiliate of the investment manager because it owns or has owned more than 5% of the public issued securities of the investment manager’s parent company, Ameriprise Financial. Kenwood is an affiliate of the investment manager and an indirect partially-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial.
(b) This fee is calculated based on the combined net assets subject to the subadviser’s investment management.
(c) The adjustment for Threadneedle is based on the performance of one share of the fund and the change in the PIA Index described in Table 11. The performance of the fund and the Index will be calculated using the method described above for the performance incentive adjustment paid to the investment manager under the terms of the Investment Management Services Agreement. The amount of the adjustment to Threadneedle’s fee, whether positive or negative, shall be equal to one-half of the performance incentive adjustment made to the investment management fee payable to the investment manager under the terms of the Investment Management Services Agreement. The performance incentive adjustment was effective Dec. 1, 2004.
(d) The adjustment will increase or decrease based on the performance of the subadviser’s allocated portion of the fund compared to the performance of the Russell 2000 Index, up to a maximum adjustment of 12 basis points (0.12%).

 

A – Threadneedle is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial.

 

B – Goldman Sachs Asset Management L.P. is a wholly-owned direct and indirect subsidiary of the Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., a publicly traded financial services company.

 

C – BHMS is an independent-operating subsidiary of Old Mutual Asset Management.

 

D – River Road Asset Management LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Aviva Investors, a subsidiary of Aviva plc.

The following table shows the subadvisory fees paid by the investment manager to subadvisers in the last three fiscal periods.

Table 15. Subadvisory Fees

 

          Subadvisory Fees Paid  

Fund

  

Subadviser

   2009     2008     2007  
Davis New York Venture    Davis    $ 4,163,844      $ 2,714,658      $ 1,860,765   
Emerging Markets    Threadneedle      3,200,561        3,663,559        3,071,641   
Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value    GSAM      N/A (a)      N/A        N/A   
   Former subadviser: Systematic Financial Management, L.P. (Sept. 29, 2006 to Feb. 19, 2010)      25,890        40,382        59,588   
   Former subadviser: WEDGE Capital Management, L.L.P. (Sept. 29, 2006 to Feb. 19, 2010)      31,754        39,026        59,368   
International Opportunity    Threadneedle      1,750,791        2,811,094        3,174,884   
Partners Small Cap Value    BHMS      1,029,098        936,632        819,207   
Denver         1,032,044        1,081,799        469,441 (b) 
Donald Smith         1,411,987        1,213,286        964,656   
Turner Investments         819,136        470,813 (c)      N/A   
River Road         1,161,679        1,159,140        1,068,635   
   Former subadviser: Franklin Portfolio Associates LLC (March 12, 2004 to June 6, 2008)      N/A        516,539 (d)      962,173   
Smaller-Cap Value    Former subadviser: Kenwood Capital Management LLC (from Sept. 13, 1999 to Nov. 21, 2008)      N/A        608,557 (e)      1,002,437   

 

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(a) The subadviser did not begin managing the fund until after the fund’s fiscal year end.
(b) For the fiscal period from July 16, 2007 to Dec. 31, 2007.
(c) For fiscal period from June 6, 2008 to Dec. 31, 2008.
(d) For fiscal period from Jan. 1, 2008 to June 6, 2008.
(e) For the fiscal period from Jan. 1, 2008 to Nov. 21, 2008.

Portfolio Managers. For all funds other than money market funds, the following table provides information about the funds’ portfolio managers as of Dec. 31, 2009.

Table 16. Portfolio Managers

 

         

Other Accounts Managed (excluding the fund)

         Potential
Conflicts
of
Interest
       

Fund

  

Portfolio
Manager

  

Number
and type
of account(a)

   Approximate
Total Net
Assets
    

Performance
Based
Accounts(b)

   Ownership
of Fund
Shares(c)
      Structure
of
Compensation
 
Balanced    Laton Spahr    13 RICs    $ 14.24 billion             
      2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million             
      17 other accounts(d)    $ 513.21 million             
   Steve Schroll    13 RICs    $ 14.24 billion             
      2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million       8 RICs ($13.68 B)      None        (1     (11
      19 other accounts(d)    $ 513.06 million             
   Paul Stocking    13 RICs    $ 14.24 billion             
      2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million             
      20 other accounts(d)    $ 518.02 million             
   Tom Murphy    6 RICs    $ 10.80 billion       2 RICs ($486.48 M)       
      2 PIVs    $ 729.68 million             
      17 other accounts    $ 12.58 billion             
   Scott Schroepfer    7 RICs    $ 12.92 billion       2 RICs ($486.48 M)      None        (1     (12
      2 other accounts    $ 8.37 million             
   Colin Lundgren(g)    17 RICs    $ 1.59 billion       None       
      15 other accounts    $ 203.49 million             
Davis New York Venture    Davis:                
   Christopher C. Davis    27 RICs    $ 57.0 billion             
      14 PIVs    $ 1.0 billion             
      118 other accounts(d)    $ 9.0 billion             
   Kenneth C. Feinberg    25 RICs    $ 57.0 billion       None      None (f)      (3     (15
      13 PIVs    $ 1.0 billion             
      109 other accounts(d)    $ 8.0 billion             
Core Equity    Brian M. Condon(h)    3 RICs    $ 594.0 million       1 PIV ($22 M)      None        (10     (24
      8 PIVs    $ 864.0 million             
      40 other accounts    $ 2.72 billion             
   Gina Mourtzinou    9 RICs    $ 8.87 billion       7 RICs ($7.92 B)      None        (1     (13
      14 other accounts    $ 116.72 million             
Diversified Bond    Tom Murphy    6 RICs    $ 5.55 billion       3 RICs ($821.26 M)       
      2 PIVs    $ 729.68 million             
      17 other accounts    $ 12.58 billion             
   Scott Schroepfer    7 RICs    $ 7.67 billion       3 RICs ($821.26 M)      None        (1     (12
      2 other accounts    $ 8.37 million             
   Colin Lundgren(g)    17 RICs    $ 1.59 billion       None       
      15 other accounts    $ 203.49 million             
Diversified Equity    Laton Spahr    13 RICs    $ 11.07 billion             
Income       2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million             
      17 other accounts(d)    $ 513.21 million             
   Steve Schroll    13 RICs    $ 11.07 billion             
      2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million       8 RICs ($10.51 B)      None        (1     (11
      19 other accounts(d)    $ 513.06 million             
   Paul Stocking    13 RICs    $ 11.07 billion             
      2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million             
      20 other accounts(d)    $ 518.02 million             
Dynamic Equity    Brian M. Condon(h)    3 RICs    $ 594.0 million       1 PIV ($22 M)      None        (10     (24
      8 PIVs    $ 864.0 million             

 

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      40 other accounts    $ 2.72 billion              
   Gina Mourtzinou    9 RICs    $ 7.66 billion       6 RICs ($6.52 B)      None         (1     (13
      14 other accounts    $ 116.72 million              
Emerging Markets    Threadneedle:                 
   Julian Thompson    1 RIC    $ 643.43 million       1 RIC $643.43 M      None         (2     (14
   Jules Mort    3 PIVs    $ 1.09 billion              
      2 other accounts    $ 33.20 million              
Global Bond    Nicolas Pifer    5 RICs    $ 3.44 billion       None      None         (1     (12
      3 PIVs    $ 30.18 million              
      17 other accounts(d)    $ 4.60 billion              
Global Inflation Protected Securities    Colin Lundgren(g)    17 RICs    $ 1.59 billion       None        
      15 other accounts    $ 203.49 million              
   Nicholas Pifer    5 RICs    $ 2.77 billion       None      None         (1     (12
      3 PIVs    $ 30.18 million              
      17 other accounts(d)    $ 4.60 billion              
Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value    GSAM:                 
   Sean Gallagher    9 RICs    $ 12.06 billion       2 PIVs ($88.7 M);        
   Andrew Braun    2 PIVs    $ 88.70 million       2 other accounts        
      181 other accounts    $ 10.60 billion       ($130.4 M)        
   Dolores Bamford    10 RICs    $ 13.71 billion       2 PIVs ($88.7 M);      None         (4     (18
   Scott Carroll    2 PIVs    $ 88.70 million       3 other accounts        
      198 other accounts    $ 11.67 billion       ($252.6 M)        
Seligman Growth    John Wilson(h)    5 RICs    $ 1.65 billion       None      None         (10     (24
      1 PIV    $ 310.0 million              
      19 other accounts    $ 350.0 million              
   Peter Deininger(h)    1 PIV    $ 315.0 million       None      None        
      15 other accounts    $ 275.0 million              
High Yield Bond    Scott Schroepfer    7 RICs    $ 12.53 billion       3 RICs ($821.26 M)      None         (1     (12
      2 other accounts    $ 8.37 million              
Income Opportunities    Brian Lavin    1 RIC    $ 764.23 million       None        
      1 PIV    $ 12.46 million            None         (1     (12
      3 other account    $ 1.58 billion              
International Opportunity    Threadneedle:                 
   Alex Lyle    1 RIC    $ 427.29 million       1 RIC ($427.29 M)        
      16 PIVs    $ 1.16 billion              
      40 other accounts    $ 2.87 billion            None         (2     (14
   Esther Perkins    5 other accounts    $ 608.68 million       None        
Larger-Cap Value    Neil T. Eigen    6 RICs    $ 910.39 million              
      2 PIVs    $ 149.37 million              
      65 other accounts(d)    $ 2.92 billion              
   Richard S. Rosen    6 RICs    $ 910.39 million       1 RIC ($137.29 M)      None         (1     (16
      2 PIVs    $ 149.37 million              
      70 other accounts(d)    $ 2.88 billion              
Mid Cap Growth    John K. Schonberg    8 RICs    $ 1.48 billion              
      2 PIVs    $ 19.14 million              
      6 other accounts    $ 1.14 million              
   Michael Marzolf    2 RICs    $ 1.06 billion       2 RICs ($1.06 B)      None         (1 )(17)   
      2 other accounts    $ 0.05 million              
   Samuel Murphy    2 RICs    $ 1.06 billion              
      3 other accounts    $ 0.13 million              
Mid Cap Value    Laton Spahr    13 RICs    $ 14.69 billion              
      2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million              
      17 other accounts(d)    $ 513.21 million              
   Steve Schroll    13 RICs    $ 14.69 billion              
      2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million       8 RICs ($14.12 B)      None         (1 )(11)   
      19 other accounts(d)    $ 513.06 million              
   Paul Stocking    13 RICs    $ 14.69 billion              
      2 PIVs    $ 52.00 million              
      20 other accounts(d)    $ 518.02 million              
Partners Small Cap Value    BHMS:                 
   James S. McClure    4 RICs    $ 549.9 million       None      None         (5 )(19)   
   John P. Harloe    1 PIV    $ 4.8 million              
      15 other accounts    $ 556.5 million              
   Denver:                 
   Kris Herrick    7 RICs    $ 491.52 million              
      423 other accounts(e)    $ 643.45 million              
   Troy Dayton    6 RICs    $ 489.69 million       1 RIC ($16 M);      None         (6     (20

 

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   Mark Adelmann    423 other accounts(e)    $ 643.45 million       2 other accounts        
   Derek Anguilm          ($117.9 M)        
Lisa Ramirez                    
   Donald Smith:                 
   Donald G. Smith    2 RICs    $ 864.00 million       1 RIC ($811 M);      None         (7     (21
   Richard L. Greenberg    1 PIV    $ 94.00 million       1 other account        
      32 other accounts    $ 2.09 billion       ($70 M)        
   Turner:                 
   David Kovacs    3 RICs    $ 49.0 million       1 PIV ($1 M)        
      9 PIVs    $ 91.0 million              
      7 other accounts    $ 242.0 million              
   Jennifer C. Boden    4 RICs    $ 71.0 million       2 PIVs ($9 M)      None         (8     (22
      11 PIVs    $ 100.0 million              
      7 other accounts    $ 242.0 million              
   River Road:                 
   James C. Shircliff    4 RICs    $ 950.80 million              
   Henry W. Sanders    9 PIVs    $ 1.33 billion              
      100 other accounts    $ 1.08 billion              
   R. Andrew Beck    3 RICs    $ 766.70 million       None      None         (9     (23
      3 PIVs    $ 79.90 million              
      88 other accounts    $ 1.03 billion              
S&P 500 Index    Cheryl D’Hollander(h)    4 RICs    $ 6.5 billion       None      None         (10     (24
      1 PIV    $ 120.0 million              
      12 other accounts    $ 3.8 billion              
   Alfred F. Alley III(h)    4 RICs    $ 6.5 billion       None      None        
      3 PIVs    $ 175.0 million              
      19 other accounts    $ 4.0 billion              
Short Duration U.S. Government    Colin Lundgren(g)    17 RICs    $ 1.59 billion       None      None        
      15 other accounts    $ 203.49 million               (1     (12
   Jason J. Callan(g)    1 RIC    $ 191.95 million       None      None        
      3 other accounts    $ 0.34 million              
   Tom Heuer(g)    2 other accounts    $ 0.42 million       None      None        
Smaller-Cap Value    Neil T. Eigen    6 RICs    $ 846.14 million              
      2 PIVs    $ 149.37 million              
      65 other accounts(d)    $ 2.92 billion              
   Richard S. Rosen    6 RICs    $ 846.14 million       1 RIC ($137.29 M)      None         (1     (16
      2 PIVs    $ 149.37 million              
      70 other accounts(d)    $ 2.88 billion              

 

(a) RIC refers to a Registered Investment Company; PIV refers to a Pooled Investment Vehicle.
(b) Number of accounts for which the advisory fee paid is based in part or wholly on performance and the aggregate net assets in those accounts.
(c) All shares of the Variable Portfolio funds are owned by life insurance companies and are not available for purchase by individuals. Consequently no portfolio manager owns any shares of Variable Portfolio funds.
(d) Reflects each wrap program sponsor as a single client, rather than counting each participant in the program as a separate client.
(e) Primarily managed money/wrap accounts.
(f) Neither Christopher Davis nor Kenneth Feinberg own any shares of Davis New York Venture Fund. However, both portfolio managers have over $1 million invested in the Davis Funds, which are managed in a similar style.
(g) The portfolio manager began managing the fund after its last fiscal year end; reporting information is provided as of Dec. 31, 2009.
(h) The portfolio manager began managing the fund after its last fiscal year end; reporting information is provided as of March 31, 2010.

 

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Potential Conflicts of Interest

 

(1) RiverSource Investments portfolio managers may manage one or more mutual funds as well as other types of accounts, including hedge funds, proprietary accounts, separate accounts for institutions and individuals, and other pooled investment vehicles. Portfolio managers make investment decisions for an account or portfolio based on its investment objectives and policies, and other relevant investment considerations. A portfolio manager may manage another account whose fees may be materially greater than the management fees paid by the Fund and may include a performance-based fee. Management of multiple funds and accounts may create potential conflicts of interest relating to the allocation of investment opportunities, competing investment decisions made for different accounts and the aggregation and allocation of trades. In addition, RiverSource Investments monitors a variety of areas (e.g., allocation of investment opportunities) and compliance with the firm’s Code of Ethics, and places additional investment restrictions on portfolio managers who manage hedge funds and certain other accounts.

RiverSource Investments has a fiduciary responsibility to all of the clients for which it manages accounts. RiverSource Investments seeks to provide best execution of all securities transactions and to aggregate securities transactions and then allocate securities to client accounts in a fair and equitable basis over time. RiverSource Investments has developed policies and procedures, including brokerage and trade allocation policies and procedures, designed to mitigate and manage the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from the management of multiple types of accounts for multiple clients.

In addition to the accounts above, portfolio managers may manage accounts in a personal capacity that may include holdings that are similar to, or the same as, those of the fund. The investment manager’s Code of Ethics is designed to address conflicts and, among other things, imposes restrictions on the ability of the portfolio managers and other “investment access persons” to invest in securities that may be recommended or traded in the fund and other client accounts.

 

(2) Threadneedle: Threadneedle Investments portfolio managers may manage one or more mutual funds as well as other types of accounts, including proprietary accounts, separate accounts for institutions, and other pooled investment vehicles. Portfolio managers make investment decisions for an account or portfolio based on its investment objectives and policies, and other relevant investment considerations. A portfolio manager may manage a separate account or other pooled investment vehicle whose fees may be materially greater than the management fees paid by the Fund and may include a performance-based fee. Management of multiple funds and accounts may create potential conflicts of interest relating to the allocation of investment opportunities, and the aggregation and allocation of trades. In addition, the portfolio manager’s responsibilities at Threadneedle Investments include working as a securities analyst. This dual role may give rise to conflicts with respect to making investment decisions for accounts that he/she manages versus communicating his/her analyses to other portfolio managers concerning securities that he/she follows as an analyst.

Threadneedle Investments has a fiduciary responsibility to all of the clients for which it manages accounts. Threadneedle Investments seeks to provide best execution of all securities transactions and to aggregate securities transactions and then allocate securities to client accounts in a fair and timely manner. Threadneedle Investments has developed policies and procedures, including brokerage and trade allocation policies and procedures, designed to mitigate and manage the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from the management of multiple types of accounts for multiple clients.

 

(3) Davis: Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to more than one portfolio or other account. More specifically, portfolio managers who manage multiple portfolios and/or other accounts are presented with the following potential conflicts:

 

   

The management of multiple portfolios and/or other accounts may result in a portfolio manager devoting unequal time and attention to the management of each portfolio and/or other account. Davis Advisors seeks to manage such competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by having portfolio managers focus on a particular investment discipline. Most other accounts managed by a portfolio manager are managed using the same investment models that are used in connection with the management of the portfolios.

 

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If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity which may be suitable for more than one portfolio or other account, a portfolio may not be able to take full advantage of that opportunity due to an allocation of filled purchase or sale orders across all eligible portfolios and other accounts. To deal with these situations, Davis Advisors has adopted procedures for allocating portfolio transactions across multiple accounts.

 

   

With respect to securities transactions for the portfolios, Davis Advisors determines which broker to use to execute each order, consistent with its duty to seek best execution of the transaction. However, with respect to certain other accounts (such as mutual funds, other pooled investment vehicles that are not registered mutual funds, and other accounts managed for organizations and individuals), Davis Advisors may be limited by the client with respect to the selection of brokers or may be instructed to direct trades through a particular broker. In these cases, Davis Advisors may place separate, non-simultaneous, transactions for a portfolio and another account which may temporarily affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment of the portfolio or the other account.

 

   

Finally, substantial investment of Davis Advisor or Davis Family assets in certain mutual funds may lead to conflicts of interest. To mitigate these potential conflicts of interest, Davis Advisors has adopted policies and procedures intended to ensure that all clients are treated fairly over time. Davis Advisors does not receive an incentive based fee on any account.

 

(4) GSAM: GSAM’s portfolio managers are often responsible for managing one or more mutual funds as well as other accounts, including proprietary accounts, separate accounts and other pooled investment vehicles, such as unregistered hedge funds. A portfolio manager may manage a separate account or other pooled investment vehicle which may have materially higher fee arrangements than the Fund and may also have a performance-based fee. The side-by-side management of these funds may raise potential conflicts of interest relating to cross trading, the allocation of investment opportunities and the aggregation and allocation of trades.

GSAM has a fiduciary responsibility to manage all client accounts in a fair and equitable manner. It seeks to provide best execution of all securities transactions and aggregate and then allocate securities to client accounts in a fair and timely manner. To this end, GSAM has developed policies and procedures designed to mitigate and manage the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from side-by-side management. In addition, GSAM has adopted policies limiting the circumstances under which cross-trades may be effected between the Fund and another client account. GSAM conducts periodic reviews of trades for consistency with these policies.

 

(5) BHMS: Actual or potential conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager has management responsibilities to more than one account (including the Fund). BHMS manages potential conflicts between funds or with other types of accounts through allocation policies and procedures, internal review processes and oversight by directors and independent third parties to ensure that no client, regardless of type or fee structure, is intentionally favored at the expense of another. Allocation policies are designed to address potential conflicts in situations where two or more funds or accounts participate in investment decisions involving the same securities.

 

(6) Denver: Denver Investment Advisors LLC (“Denver Investments”) has adopted policies and procedures that address potential conflicts of interest that may arise when a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to more than one fund or other account, such as conflicts relating to the allocation of limited investment opportunities, the order of executing transactions when the aggregation of the order is not possible, personal investing activities, structure of portfolio manager compensation. While there is no guarantee that such policies and procedures will be effective in all cases, Denver Investments believes that its policies and procedures and associated controls relating to potential material conflicts of interest involving the fund and its other managed funds and accounts have been reasonably designed.

 

(7) Donald Smith: Donald Smith & Co., Inc. is very sensitive to conflicts of interest that could possibly arise in its capacity of serving as an investment adviser. It remains committed to resolving any and all conflicts in the best interest of its clients.

Donald Smith & Co., Inc. is an independent investment advisor with no parent or subsidiary organizations. Additionally, it has no affiliated organizations, brokerage, nor any investment banking activities.

Clients include mutual funds, public and corporate pension plans, endowments and foundations, and other separate accounts. Donald Smith & Co., Inc. has put in place systems, policies and procedures, which have been designed to maintain fairness in portfolio management across all clients. Potential conflicts between funds or with other types of accounts are managed via allocation policies and procedures, internal review processes, and direct oversight by Donald G. Smith, President.

 

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(8) Turner: As is typical for many money managers, potential conflicts of interest may arise related to Turner’s management of accounts including the fund where not all accounts are able to participate in a desired IPO, or other limited opportunity, relating to use of soft dollars and other brokerage practices, related to the voting of proxies, employee personal securities trading, and relating to a variety of other circumstances. In all cases, however, Turner believes it has written policies and procedures in place reasonably designed to prevent violations of the federal securities laws and to prevent material conflicts of interest from arising. Please also see Turner’s Form ADV, Part II for a description of some of its policies and procedures in this regard.

 

(9) River Road: Portfolio managers at River Road Asset Management (River Road) may manage one or more mutual funds as well as other types of accounts, including separate accounts for institutions and individuals, and other pooled investment vehicles. Portfolio managers make investment decisions for an account or portfolio based on its investment objectives and policies, and other relevant investment considerations. A portfolio manager may manage a separate account or other pooled investment vehicle whose fees may be materially greater than the management fees paid by the fund and may include a performance-based fee. Management of multiple funds and accounts may create potential conflicts of interest relating to the allocation of investment opportunities, and the aggregation and allocation of trades.

In addition, River Road monitors a variety of areas (e.g., allocation of investment opportunities) and compliance with the firm’s Code of Ethics.

River Road has a fiduciary responsibility to all of the clients for which it manages accounts. River Road seeks to provide best execution of all securities transactions and to aggregate securities transactions and then allocate securities to client accounts in a fair and timely manner. River Road has developed policies and procedures, including brokerage and trade allocation policies and procedures, designed to mitigate and manage the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from the management of multiple types of accounts for multiple clients.

 

(10) Like other investment professionals with multiple clients, a fund’s portfolio manager(s) may face certain potential conflicts of interest in connection with managing both the fund and other accounts at the same time. The investment manager and the funds have adopted compliance policies and procedures that attempt to address certain of the potential conflicts that portfolio managers face in this regard. Certain of these conflicts of interest are summarized below. The management of accounts with different advisory fee rates and/or fee structures, including accounts that pay advisory fees based on account performance (performance fee accounts), may raise potential conflicts of interest for a portfolio manager by creating an incentive to favor higher fee accounts.

Potential conflicts of interest also may arise when a portfolio manager has personal investments in other accounts that may create an incentive to favor those accounts. As a general matter and subject to the investment manager’s Code of Ethics and certain limited exceptions, the investment manager’s investment professionals do not have the opportunity to invest in client accounts, other than the funds.

A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts managed by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

A portfolio manager may be able to select or influence the selection of the broker/dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds. A portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of broker/dealers could produce disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and the other accounts the portfolio manager manages.

A potential conflict of interest may arise when a portfolio manager buys or sells the same securities for a fund and other accounts. On occasions when a portfolio manager considers the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interests of a fund as well as other accounts, the investment manager’s trading desk may, to the extent consistent with applicable laws and regulations, aggregate the securities to be sold or bought in order to obtain the best execution and lower brokerage commissions, if any. Aggregation of trades may create the potential for unfairness to a fund or another account if a portfolio manager favors one account over another in allocating the securities bought or sold.

 

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“Cross trades,” in which a portfolio manager sells a particular security held by a fund to another account (potentially saving transaction costs for both accounts), could involve a potential conflict of interest if, for example, a portfolio manager is permitted to sell a security from one account to another account at a higher price than an independent third party would pay. The investment manager and the funds have adopted compliance procedures that provide that any transactions between a fund and another account managed by the investment manager are to be made at a current market price, consistent with applicable laws and regulations.

Another potential conflict of interest may arise based on the different investment objectives and strategies of a fund and other accounts managed by its portfolio manager(s). Depending on another account’s objectives and other factors, a portfolio manager may give advice to and make decisions for a fund that may differ from advice given, or the timing or nature of decisions made, with respect to another account. A portfolio manager’s investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular account involved. Thus, a portfolio manager may buy or sell a particular security for certain accounts, and not for a fund, even though it could have been bought or sold for the fund at the same time. A portfolio manager also may buy a particular security for one or more accounts when one or more other accounts are selling the security (including short sales). There may be circumstances when a portfolio manager’s purchases or sales of portfolio securities for one or more accounts may have an adverse effect on other accounts, including the funds.

A fund’s portfolio manager(s) also may have other potential conflicts of interest in managing the fund, and the description above is not a complete description of every conflict that could exist in managing the fund and other accounts. Many of the potential conflicts of interest to which the investment manager’s portfolio managers are subject are essentially the same or similar to the potential conflicts of interest related to the investment management activities of the investment manager and its affiliates.

Structure of Compensation

 

(11) Portfolio manager compensation is typically comprised of (i) a base salary, (ii) an annual cash bonus, a portion of which may be subject to a mandatory deferral program, and may include (iii) an equity incentive award in the form of stock options and/or restricted stock. The annual cash bonus is paid from a team bonus pool that is based on the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio management team, which might include mutual funds, wrap accounts, institutional portfolios and hedge funds. The bonus pool is determined by a percentage of the aggregate assets under management in the accounts managed by the portfolio managers, including the fund, plus, where applicable, a percentage of the assets of the funds they support as research analysts, and by the short term (typically one-year) and long-term (typically three-year and five-year) performance of those accounts in relation to the relevant peer group universe. Funding for the bonus pool may also include a percentage of any performance fees earned on long/short mutual funds managed by the Team. Senior management of RiverSource Investments has the discretion to increase or decrease the size of the part of the bonus pool and to determine the exact amount of each portfolio manager’s bonus paid from this portion of the bonus pool based on his/her performance as an employee. RiverSource Investments portfolio managers are provided with a benefits package, including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in a company 401(k) plan, comparable to that received by other RiverSource Investments employees. Certain investment personnel are also eligible to defer a portion of their compensation. An individual making this type of election can allocate the deferral to the returns associated with one or more products they manage or support or to certain other products managed by their investment team. Depending upon their job level, RiverSource Investments portfolio managers may also be eligible for other benefits or perquisites that are available to all RiverSource Investments employees at the same job level.

 

(12)

Portfolio manager compensation is typically comprised of (i) a base salary, (ii) an annual cash bonus, a portion of which may be subject to a mandatory deferral program, and may include (iii) an equity incentive award in the form of stock options and/or restricted stock. The annual cash bonus is paid from a team bonus pool that is based on the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio management team, which might include mutual funds, wrap accounts, institutional portfolios and hedge funds. The bonus pool is determined by the aggregate market competitive bonus targets for the teams of which the portfolio manager is a member and by the short-term (typically one-year) and long-term (typically three-year) performance of those accounts in relation to applicable benchmarks or the relevant peer group universe. Senior management of RiverSource Investments has the discretion to increase or decrease the size of the part of the bonus pool and to determine the exact amount of each portfolio manager’s bonus paid from this portion of the bonus pool based on his/her performance as an employee. RiverSource Investments portfolio managers are provided with a benefits

 

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package, including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in a company 401(k) plan, comparable to that received by other RiverSource Investments employees. Certain investment personnel are also eligible to defer a portion of their compensation. An individual making this type of election can allocate the deferral to the returns associated with one or more products they manage or support or to certain other products managed by their investment team. Depending upon their job level, RiverSource Investments portfolio managers may also be eligible for other benefits or perquisites that are available to all RiverSource Investments employees at the same job level.

 

(13) Portfolio manager compensation is typically comprised of (i) a base salary, (ii) an annual cash bonus, and (iii) an equity incentive award in the form of stock options and/or restricted stock. The annual cash bonus and equity incentive awards are paid from a team bonus pool that is based on the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio management team, which might include mutual funds, wrap accounts, institutional portfolios and hedge funds. Funding for the bonus pool is determined by a percentage of the aggregate assets under management in the accounts managed by the portfolio managers, including the fund, and by the short term (typically one-year) and long-term (typically three-year, five-year and ten-year) performance of those accounts in relation to the relevant peer group universe. Funding for the bonus pool would also include a percentage of any performance fees earned on long/short mutual funds managed by the Team. With respect to hedge funds and separately managed accounts that follow a hedge fund mandate, funding for the bonus pool is a percentage of performance fees earned on the hedge funds or accounts managed by the portfolio managers. Senior management of RiverSource Investments has the discretion to increase or decrease the size of the part of the bonus pool and to determine the exact amount of each portfolio manager’s bonus paid from this portion of the bonus pool based on his/her performance as an employee. In addition, where portfolio managers invest in a hedge fund managed by the investment manager, they receive a cash reimbursement for the investment management fees charged on their hedge fund investments. RiverSource Investments portfolio managers are provided with a benefits package, including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in a company 401(k) plan, comparable to that received by other RiverSource Investments employees. Certain investment personnel are also eligible to defer a portion of their compensation. An individual making this type of election can allocate the deferral to the returns associated with one or more products they manage or support or to certain other products managed by their investment team. Depending upon their job level, RiverSource Investments portfolio managers may also be eligible for other benefits or perquisites that are available to all RiverSource Investments employees at the same job level.

 

(14) Threadneedle: To align the interests of our investment staff with those of our clients the remuneration plan for senior individuals comprises basic salary, an annual profit share (linked to individual performance and the profitability of the company) and a Long Term Incentive Plan known as the Equity Incentive Plan (“EIP”) linked to measures of Threadneedle’s corporate success. Threadneedle believes this encourages longevity of service.

The split between each component varies between investment professionals and will be dependent on performance and the type of funds they manage.

The split of the profit share focuses on three key areas of success:

 

   

Performance of own funds and research recommendations,

 

   

Performance of all portfolios in the individual’s team,

 

   

Broader contribution to the wider thinking of the investment team, e.g. idea generation, interaction with colleagues and commitment for example to assisting the sales effort.

Consideration of the individual’s general contribution is designed to encourage fund managers to think beyond personal portfolio performance and considers contributions made in:

 

   

Inter-team discussions, including asset allocation, global sector themes and weekly investment meetings,

 

   

Intra-team discussion, stock research and investment insights,

 

   

Marketing support, including written material and presentations.

 

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It is important to appreciate that in order to maximize an individual’s rating and hence their profit share, they need to score well in all areas. It is not sufficient to produce good personal fund performance without contributing effectively to the team and wider investment department. This structure is closely aligned with the Threadneedle’s investment principles of sharing ideas and effective communication.

 

(15) Davis: Kenneth Feinberg’s compensation as a Davis Advisors employee consists of (i) a base salary, (ii) an annual bonus equal to a percentage of growth in Davis Advisors’ profits, (iii) awards of equity (“Units”) in Davis Advisors including Units, options on Units, and/or phantom Units, and (iv) an incentive plan whereby Davis Advisors purchases shares in selected funds managed by Davis Advisors. At the end of specified periods, generally five years following the date of purchase, some, all, or none of the fund shares will be registered in the employee’s name based on fund performance after expenses on a pre-tax basis versus the S&P 500 Index and versus peer groups as defined by Morningstar or Lipper. Davis Advisors’ portfolio managers are provided benefits packages including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in company 401(k) plan comparable to that received by other company employees.

Christopher Davis’s annual compensation as an employee of Davis Advisors consists of a base salary. Davis Advisors’ portfolio managers are provided benefits packages including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in company 401(k) plan comparable to that received by other company employees.

 

(16) Portfolio manager compensation is typically comprised of (i) a base salary, (ii) an annual cash bonus and (iii) an equity incentive award in the form of stock options and/or restricted stock. The annual cash bonus and equity incentive awards are paid from a team bonus pool that is based on the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio management team, which might include mutual funds, wrap accounts, institutional portfolios and hedge funds. Funding for the bonus pool is determined by a percentage of the aggregate assets under management in the accounts managed by the portfolio managers, including the fund, and by the short term (typically one-year) and long-term (typically three-year and five-year) performance of those accounts in relation to the relevant peer group universe. Senior management of RiverSource Investments has the discretion to increase or decrease the size of the part of the bonus pool and to determine the exact amount of each portfolio manager’s bonus paid from this portion of the bonus pool based on his/her performance as an employee. RiverSource Investments portfolio managers are provided with a benefits package, including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in a company 401(k) plan, comparable to that received by other RiverSource Investments employees. Certain investment personnel are also eligible to defer a portion of their compensation. An individual making this type of election can allocate the deferral to the returns associated with one or more products they manage or support or to certain other products managed by their investment team. Depending upon their job level, RiverSource Investments portfolio managers may also be eligible for other benefits or perquisites that are available to all RiverSource Investments employees at the same job level.

 

(17) Portfolio manager compensation is typically comprised of (i) a base salary, (ii) an annual cash bonus, a portion of which may be subject to a mandatory deferral program, and may include (iii) an equity incentive award in the form of stock options and/or restricted stock. The annual cash bonus is paid from a team bonus pool that is based on the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio management team, which might include mutual funds, wrap accounts, institutional portfolios and hedge funds. The bonus pool is determined by a percentage of the aggregate assets under management in the accounts managed by the portfolio managers, including the fund, plus, where applicable, a percentage of the assets of the funds they support as research analysts, and by the short term (typically one-year) and long-term (typically three-year) performance of those accounts in relation to the relevant peer group universe. Funding for the bonus pool may also include a percentage of any performance fees earned on long/short mutual funds managed by the Team. Senior management of RiverSource Investments has the discretion to increase or decrease the size of the part of the bonus pool and to determine the exact amount of each portfolio manager’s bonus paid from this portion of the bonus pool based on his/her performance as an employee. RiverSource Investments portfolio managers are provided with a benefits package, including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in a company 401(k) plan, comparable to that received by other RiverSource Investments employees. Certain investment personnel are also eligible to defer a portion of their compensation. An individual making this type of election can allocate the deferral to the returns associated with one or more products they manage or support or to certain other products managed by their investment team. Depending upon their job level, RiverSource Investments portfolio managers may also be eligible for other benefits or perquisites that are available to all RiverSource Investments employees at the same job level.

 

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(18) GSAM: GSAM’s Value Team (“Value Team”) compensation package for its portfolio managers is comprised of a base salary and a performance bonus. The performance bonus is a function of each portfolio manager’s individual performance and his or her contribution to overall team performance. Portfolio managers are rewarded for their ability to outperform a benchmark while managing risk appropriately. Compensation is also influenced by the Value Team’s total revenues for the past year which in part is derived from advisory fees, and for certain accounts performance based fees. Anticipated compensation levels among competitor firms may also be considered, but are not a principal factor.

The performance bonus is significantly influenced by 3 year period of investment performance. The following criteria are considered:

 

   

Individual performance (relative, absolute)

 

   

Team performance (relative, absolute)

 

   

Consistent performance that aligns with clients’ objectives

 

   

Achievement of top rankings (relative and competitive)

The benchmark for this Fund is the Russell Mid Cap® Value Index.

 

(19) BHMS: In addition to base salary, all portfolio managers and analysts at BHMS share in a bonus pool that is distributed semiannually. Analysts and portfolio managers are rated on their value added to the team-oriented investment process. Overall compensation applies with respect to all accounts managed and compensation does not differ with respect to distinct accounts managed by a portfolio manager. Compensation is not tied to a published or private benchmark. It is important to understand that contributions to the overall investment process may include not recommending securities in an analyst’s sector if there are no compelling opportunities in the industries covered by that analyst.

The compensation of portfolio managers is not directly tied to fund performance or growth in assets for any fund or other account managed by a portfolio manager and portfolio managers are not compensated for bringing in new business. Of course, growth in assets from the appreciation of existing assets and/or growth in new assets will increase revenues and profit. The consistent, long-term growth in assets at any investment firm is to a great extent, dependent upon the success of the portfolio management team. The compensation of the portfolio management team at the Adviser will increase over time, if and when assets continue to grow through competitive performance. Lastly, many of our key investment personnel have a longer-term incentive compensation plan in the form of an equity interest in Barrow, Hanley, Mewhinney & Strauss, LLC.

 

(20) Denver: Denver Investments is a limited liability company with “members” or “partners” as the owners of the firm. The compensation structure for partners versus employees differs such that a separate description of portfolio managers’ compensation is required for those portfolio managers who are partners and those who are not partners.

As a portfolio manager and partner of Denver Investments, the primary compensation comes from a base salary and a predetermined percentage of distributed profit. Additionally, the management committee of Denver Investments may award an incentive compensation bonus to partners who significantly exceed expectations over an extended period. The criteria for the incentive compensation pool include the following factors: investment performance, growth and/or retention of assets, profitability and intangibles. There is a composite of similarly managed accounts for each investment style at Denver Investments, and the Fund is included in the appropriate composite. The performance criteria emphasizes pre-tax long-term (3-5 year when available) results of the composites compared to the applicable benchmark index and peer group data, rather than any specific Fund or account result.

Non-partner portfolio manager compensation consists of a base salary, discretionary firm profit sharing and predetermined potential bonus. A portion of the bonus is determined by the overall pre-tax performance of the investment management accounts managed by the non-partner portfolio manager (including the Fund) in comparison to the applicable benchmark index and peer group data in the same manner as described above for partners. The remaining portion of the bonus is subjective, based primarily on the portfolio manager’s contributions to the investment process, stock selection and teamwork.

Both partner and non-partner portfolio managers can also participate in Denver Investments’ defined contribution retirement plan, which includes normal matching provisions and a discretionary contribution in accordance with applicable tax regulations.

 

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(21) Donald Smith: All employees at Donald Smith & Co., Inc. are compensated on incentive plans. The compensation for portfolio managers, analysts and traders at Donald Smith consists of a base salary, a partnership interest in the firm’s profits, and possibly an additional, discretionary bonus. This discretionary bonus can exceed 100% of the base salary if performance for clients exceeds established benchmarks. The current benchmark utilized is the Russell 2000 Value Index. Additional distribution of firm ownership is a strong motivation for continued employment at Donald Smith & Co., Inc. Administrative personnel are also given a bonus as a function of their contribution and the profitability of the firm.

 

(22) Turner: Investment professionals receive a base salary commensurate with their level of experience. Turner’s goal is to maintain competitive base salaries through review of industry standards, market conditions, and salary surveys. Compensation for investment professionals is tied to the performance of all accounts within the relevant composite. Turner evaluates investment professionals’ performance over multiple time frames, including 1, 3, 5 year and since inception, relative to appropriate market benchmarks. In addition, each employee is eligible for equity awards. Turner believes this compensation provides incentive to attract and retain highly qualified people.

The objective performance criteria noted above accounts for 90% of the bonus calculation. The remaining 10% is based upon subjective, “good will” factors including teamwork, interpersonal relations, the individual’s contribution to overall success of the firm, media and client relations, presentation skills, and professional development. Portfolio managers/analysts are reviewed on an annual basis. Robert E. Turner, CFA, chairman and chief investment officer, and David Kovacs, CFA, chief investment officer, quantitative strategies is responsible for setting base salaries, bonus targets, and making all subjective judgments related to the compensation for Turner’s Quantitative Equity Team members.

 

(23) River Road: River Road’s portfolio managers currently receive an annual fixed base salary plus potential incentive compensation up to a pre-determined fixed percentage rate of base salary. Incentive compensation is based on multiple factors, including risk-adjusted 3- and 5-year performance for the strategy composite, versus peer group and benchmark indices. Composite performance criteria are not applied independently for the Fund, but are assumed to be encompassed among the like managed accounts in the strategy composite.

 

(24) As of the funds’ most recent fiscal year end, the portfolio managers received all of their compensation in the form of salary, bonus, stock options, restricted stock, and notional investments through an incentive plan, the value of which is measured by reference to the performance of the funds in which the account is invested. A portfolio manager’s bonus is variable and generally is based on (1) an evaluation of the portfolio manager’s investment performance and (2) the results of a peer and/or management review of the portfolio manager, which takes into account skills and attributes such as team participation, investment process, communication and professionalism. In evaluating investment performance, the investment manager generally considers the one, three and five year performance of mutual funds and other accounts managed by the portfolio manager relative to the benchmarks and peer groups noted below, emphasizing the portfolio manager’s three and five year performance. The investment manager also may consider a portfolio manager’s performance in managing client assets in sectors and industries assigned to the portfolio manager as part of his/her investment team responsibilities, where applicable. For portfolio managers who also have group management responsibilities, another factor in their evaluation is an assessment of the group’s overall investment performance.

Performance Benchmarks:

 

Portfolio Manager

 

Fund(s)

 

Primary Benchmark(s)

 

Peer Group

Alfred F. Alley III   S&P 500 Index   S&P 500 Index  

Lipper S&P 500 Index Objective Funds

Classification

Peter Deininger and John Wilson   Growth   Russell 1000 Growth Index  

Lipper Large-Cap Growth Funds

Classification

Cheryl D’Hollander   S&P 500 Index   S&P 500 Index  

Lipper S&P 500 Index Objective Funds

Classification

The size of the overall bonus pool each year depends on, among other factors, the levels of compensation generally in the investment management industry (based on market compensation data) and the investment manager’s profitability for the year, which is largely determined by assets under management.

 

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ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES

For funds other than Core Equity

Each fund, except for Core Equity (which is closed to new investors), has an Administrative Services Agreement with Ameriprise Financial. Under this agreement, the fund pays Ameriprise Financial for providing administration and accounting services. The fees are calculated as follows:

Table 17. Administrative Services Agreement Fee Schedule

 

     Asset Levels and Breakpoints in Applicable Fees  

Fund

   $0 – 500,000,000     $500,000,001  –
1,000,000,000
    $1,000,000,001  –
3,000,000,000
    $3,000,000,001  –
12,000,000,000
    $12,000,000,001 +  

Emerging Markets

     0.080%        0.075%        0.070%        0.060%        0.050%   

Global Bond

          

International Opportunity

          

Partners Small Cap Value

          

Smaller-Cap Value

          

Diversified Bond

     0.070%        0.065%        0.060%        0.050%        0.040%   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

          

High Yield Bond

          

Income Opportunities

          

Short Duration U.S. Government

          

Balanced

     0.060%        0.055%        0.050%        0.040%        0.030%   

Cash Management

          

Davis New York Venture

          

Diversified Equity Income

          

Dynamic Equity

          

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

          

Growth

          

Larger-Cap Value

          

Mid Cap Growth

          

Mid Cap Value

          

S&P 500 Index

          

The fee is calculated for each calendar day on the basis of net assets as of the close of the preceding day. Fees paid in each of the last three fiscal periods are shown in the table below. The table also shows the daily rate applied to each fund’s net assets as of the last day of the most recent fiscal period.

 

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Table 18. Administrative Fees

 

     Administrative Services Fees Paid In      Daily rate
applied to
fund assets
 

Fund

   2009      2008      2007     

Balanced

   $ 551,091       $ 742,180       $ 1,046,093         0.057

Cash Management

     729,115         819,350         678,873         0.058   

Davis New York Venture

     755,897         502,656         354,756         0.054   

Diversified Bond

     2,887,639         2,732,326         2,137,262         0.057   

Diversified Equity Income

     1,635,524         1,768,738         1,941,348         0.050   

Dynamic Equity

     710,424         1,177,281         1,763,984         0.055   

Emerging Markets

     628,632         657,275         575,282         0.078   

Global Bond

     1,126,031         1,101,169         790,122         0.074   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

     1,015,022         658,123         503,285         0.063   

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

     7,258         11,240         18,530         0.060   

Growth

   $ 150,307       $ 270,442       $ 389,898         0.060

High Yield Bond

     446,540         546,559         781,583         0.068   

Income Opportunities

     868,564         546,859         410,104         0.064   

International Opportunity

     409,567         674,285         972,158         0.079   

Larger-Cap Value

     7,010         9,071         15,635         0.060   

Mid Cap Growth

     191,947         259,156         385,269         0.060   

Mid Cap Value

     141,875         191,902         251,524         0.060   

Partners Small Cap Value

     816,185         793,172         637,920         0.076   

S&P 500 Index

     117,325         173,568         239,995         0.060   

Short Duration U.S. Government

     354,233         347,387         325,157         0.070   

Smaller-Cap Value

     55,059         89,242         159,701         0.080   

TRANSFER AGENCY SERVICES

For funds other than Core Equity

Each fund, other than Core Equity (which is closed to new investors), has a Transfer Agency and Servicing Agreement with RiverSource Service Corporation located at 734 Ameriprise Financial Center, Minneapolis, MN 55474. This agreement governs RiverSource Service Corporation’s responsibility for administering and/or performing transfer agent functions and for acting as service agent in connection with dividend and distribution functions in connection with the sale and redemption of the fund’s shares. Under the agreement, RiverSource Service Corporation will earn a fee equal to 0.06% of the average daily net assets of the fund. The transfer agent may hire third parties to perform services under this agreement. The fees paid to RiverSource Service Corporation may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval.

DISTRIBUTION SERVICES

RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc. (“RiverSource Fund Distributors” or the “distributor”), 50611 Ameriprise Financial Center, Minneapolis, MN 55474, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of RiverSource Investments, LLC, is the funds’ principal underwriter and distributor. Prior to May 2009, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. served as the funds’ principal underwriter and distributor. Each fund’s shares are offered on a continuous basis.

PLAN AND AGREEMENT OF DISTRIBUTION

For funds other than Core Equity

To help defray the cost of distribution and servicing, each fund, other than Core Equity (which is closed to new investors), approved a Plan of Distribution (the “Plan”) and entered into an agreement under the Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act with RiverSource Distributors. Under the Plan, of the type known as a reimbursement plan, the fund pays a fee up to actual expenses incurred at an annual rate of up to 0.25% on Class 2 shares and 0.125% on Class 3 shares. These fees are not applicable to Class 1 shares of the fund’s average daily net assets.

 

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Expenses covered under this Plan include sales commissions; business, employee and financial advisor expenses charged to distribution of shares; and overhead appropriately allocated to the sale of shares. These expenses also include costs of providing personal service to contract owners. A substantial portion of the costs are not specifically identified to any one of the RiverSource Variable Portfolio Funds. The fee is not allocated to any one service (such as advertising, payments to underwriters, or other uses). However, a significant portion of the fee is generally used for sales and promotional expenses. Payments under the Plan are intended to result in an increase in fund assets and thus potentially result in economies of scale and lower costs for all shareholders.

The Plan must be approved annually by the Board, including a majority of the Board members who are not “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the fund (Independent Directors), if it is to continue for more than a year. At least quarterly, the Board reviews written reports concerning the amounts expended under the Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made. The Plan and any agreement related to it may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Independent Directors of the fund and have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or in any agreement related to the Plan, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the fund or by RiverSource Distributors. Any agreement related to the Plan will terminate in the event of its assignment, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. The Plan may not be amended to increase the amount to be spent for distribution without shareholder approval, and all material amendments to the Plan must be approved by a majority of the Board members, including a majority of the Independent Directors of the fund and who do not have a financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreement related to it. The selection and nomination of the Independent Directors is the responsibility of the other the Independent Directors. Independent Directors do not have any direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any related agreement.

For its most recent fiscal period, each fund, other than Core Equity, paid 12b-1 fees as shown in the following table.

Table 19. 12b-1 Fees

 

Fund

   Fees paid during last fiscal year  

Balanced

   $ 1,196,662   

Cash Management

     1,635,518   

Davis New York Venture

     1,709,040   

Diversified Bond

     6,281,686   

Diversified Equity Income

     3,981,805   

Dynamic Equity

     1,588,691   

Emerging Markets

     1,006,059   

Global Bond

     1,881,865   

Global Inflation Protected Securities

     1,958,981   

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value

     15,120   

Growth

     313,150   

High Yield Bond

     810,668   

Income Opportunities

     1,659,845   

International Opportunity

     642,162   

Larger-Cap Value

     14,604   

Mid Cap Growth

     399,903   

Mid Cap Value

     295,583   

Partners Small Cap Value

     1,328,107   

S&P 500 Index

     244,434   

Short Duration U.S. Government

     633,350   

Smaller-Cap Value

     86,029   

CUSTODIAN SERVICES

The fund’s securities and cash are held pursuant to a custodian agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JPMorgan), 1 Chase Manhattan Plaza, 19th Floor, New York, NY 10005. The custodian is permitted to deposit some or all of its securities in central depository systems as allowed by federal law. For its services, each fund pays the custodian a maintenance charge and a charge per transaction in addition to reimbursing the custodian’s out-of-pocket expenses.

 

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As part of this arrangement, securities purchased outside the United States are maintained in the custody of various foreign branches of JPMorgan in other financial institutions as permitted by law and by the fund’s custodian agreement.

BOARD SERVICES CORPORATION

The funds have an agreement with Board Services Corporation (Board Services) located at 901 Marquette Avenue South, Suite 2810, Minneapolis, MN 55402. This agreement sets forth the terms of Board Services’ responsibility to serve as an agent of the funds for purposes of administering the payment of compensation to each Independent Director, to provide office space for use by the funds and their boards, and to provide any other services to the boards or the independent members, as may be reasonably requested.

ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION

Each fund is an open-end management investment company. The funds’ headquarters are at 901 S. Marquette Ave., Suite 2810, Minneapolis, MN 55402-3268.

SHARES

Each fund is owned by subaccounts, its shareholders. The shares of a fund represent an interest in that fund’s assets only (and profits or losses), and, in the event of liquidation, each share of a fund would have the same rights to dividends and assets as every other share of that fund.

VOTING RIGHTS

For a discussion of the rights of contract owners concerning the voting of shares held by the subaccounts, please see your annuity or life insurance contract prospectus. All shares have voting rights over the fund’s management and fundamental policies. Each share is entitled to vote based on the total dollar interest in the fund. All shares have cumulative voting rights with respect to the election of Board members. This means that shareholders have as many votes as the dollar amount owned, including the fractional amount, multiplied by the number of members to be elected.

SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY

Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust may, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for its obligation. However, the Declaration of Trust that establishes a trust, a copy of which, together with all amendments thereto (the “Declaration of Trust”), is on file with the office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for each applicable fund, contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust, or of any fund in the Trust. The Declaration of Trust provides that, if any shareholder (or former shareholder) of a fund in the Trust is charged or held to be personally liable for any obligation or liability of the Trust, or of any fund in the Trust, solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder and not because of such shareholder’s acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Trust (upon request of the shareholder) shall assume the defense against such charge and satisfy any judgment thereon, and the shareholder or former shareholder (or the heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives thereof, or in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled (but solely out of the assets of the fund of which such shareholder or former shareholder is or was the holder of shares) to be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability.

The Declaration of Trust also provides that the Trust may maintain appropriate insurance (for example, fidelity bond and errors and omissions insurance) for the protection of the Trust, its shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees and agents covering possible tort and other liabilities. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which both inadequate insurance existed and the Trust itself was unable to meet its obligations.

 

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The Declaration of Trust further provides that obligations of the Trust are not binding upon the Trustees individually, but only upon the assets and property of the Trust, and that the Trustees will not be liable for any action or failure to act, errors of judgment, or mistakes of fact or law, but nothing in the Declaration of Trust or other agreement with a Trustee protects a Trustee against any liability to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of his or her willful bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office. By becoming a shareholder of the fund, each shareholder shall be expressly held to have assented to and agreed to be bound by the provisions of the Declaration of Trust.

Table 20. Fund History Table for RiverSource Family of Funds

 

Fund*

   Date of
Organization
    Date  Began
Operations
     Form of
Organization
    

State of

Organization

   Fiscal
Year
End
    Diversified**  

RiverSource Bond Series, Inc.(2)

     4/29/81, 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      7/31     

RiverSource Floating Rate Fund

       2/16/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Income Opportunities Fund

       6/19/03                 Yes   

RiverSource Inflation Protected Securities Fund

       3/4/04                 No   

RiverSource Limited Duration Bond Fund

       6/19/03                 Yes   

RiverSource California Tax-Exempt Trust

     4/7/86           Business Trust       MA      8/31 (10)   

RiverSource California Tax-Exempt Fund

       8/18/86                 No   

RiverSource Dimensions Series, Inc.

     2/20/68, 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      7/31     

RiverSource Disciplined Small and Mid Cap Equity Fund

       5/18/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Disciplined Small Cap Value Fund

       2/16/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Diversified Income Series, Inc.(2)

     6/27/74, 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      8/31     

RiverSource Diversified Bond Fund(3)

       10/3/74                 Yes   

RiverSource Equity Series, Inc.

     3/18/57, 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      11/30     

RiverSource Mid Cap Growth Fund(4)

       6/4/57                 Yes   

RiverSource Global Series, Inc.

     10/28/88           Corporation       MN      10/31     

RiverSource Absolute Return Currency and Income Fund

       6/15/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Emerging Markets Bond Fund

       2/16/06                 No   

RiverSource Global Bond Fund

       3/20/89                 No   

Threadneedle Emerging Markets Fund(4), (5), (11)

       11/13/96                 Yes   

Threadneedle Global Equity Fund(5), (6), (11)

       5/29/90                 Yes   

Threadneedle Global Equity Income Fund

       8/1/08                 Yes   

Threadneedle Global Extended Alpha Fund

       8/1/08                 Yes   

RiverSource Government Income Series, Inc.

     3/12/85           Corporation       MN      5/31     

RiverSource Short Duration U.S. Government Fund(3)

       8/19/85                 Yes   

RiverSource U.S. Government Mortgage Fund

       2/14/02                 Yes   

RiverSource Government Money Market Fund, Inc.(17)

     6/29/76        1/31/77         Corporation       MD      12/31        Yes   

RiverSource High Yield Income Series, Inc.

     8/17/83           Corporation       MN      5/31     

RiverSource High Yield Bond Fund(3)

       12/8/83                 Yes   

RiverSource Income Series, Inc.

     2/10/45; 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      1/31 (7)   

RiverSource Income Builder Basic Income Fund

       2/16/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Income Builder Enhanced Income Fund

       2/16/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Income Builder Moderate Income Fund

       2/16/06                 Yes   

 

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RiverSource International Managers Series, Inc.(2)

     5/9/01           Corporation       MN      10/31      

RiverSource Partners International Select Growth Fund(11)

       9/28/01                  Yes   

RiverSource Partners International Select Value Fund(11)

       9/28/01                  Yes   

RiverSource Partners International Small Cap Fund(11)

       10/3/02                  Yes   

RiverSource International Series, Inc.(2)

     7/18/84           Corporation       MN      10/31      

RiverSource Disciplined International Equity Fund

       5/18/06                  Yes   

Threadneedle Asia Pacific Fund

       7/15/09                  Yes   

Threadneedle European Equity Fund(5), (11)

       6/26/00                  Yes   

Threadneedle International Opportunity Fund(4), (5), (11)

       11/15/84                  Yes   

RiverSource Investment Series, Inc.

     1/18/40; 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      9/30      

RiverSource Balanced Fund(4)

       4/16/40                  Yes   

RiverSource Disciplined Large Cap Growth Fund

       5/17/07                  Yes   

RiverSource Disciplined Large Cap Value Fund

       8/1/08                  Yes   

RiverSource Diversified Equity Income Fund

       10/15/90                  Yes   

RiverSource Mid Cap Value Fund

       2/14/02                  Yes   

RiverSource Large Cap Series, Inc.(2)

     5/21/70, 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      7/31      

RiverSource Disciplined Equity Fund(4)

       4/24/03                  Yes   

RiverSource Managers Series, Inc.(2)

     3/20/01           Corporation       MN      5/31      

RiverSource Partners Fundamental Value Fund(11)

       6/18/01                  Yes   

RiverSource Partners Small Cap Value Fund(11)

       6/18/01                  Yes   

RiverSource Market Advantage Series, Inc.

     8/25/89           Corporation       MN      1/31      

RiverSource Portfolio Builder Conservative Fund

       3/4/04                  Yes   

RiverSource Portfolio Builder Moderate Conservative Fund

       3/4/04                  Yes   

RiverSource Portfolio Builder Moderate Fund

       3/4/04                  Yes   

RiverSource Portfolio Builder Moderate Aggressive Fund

       3/4/04                  Yes   

RiverSource Portfolio Builder Aggressive Fund

       3/4/04                  Yes   

RiverSource Portfolio Builder Total Equity Fund

       3/4/04                  Yes   

RiverSource S&P 500 Index Fund

       10/25/99                  Yes   

RiverSource Small Company Index Fund

       8/19/96                  Yes   

RiverSource Money Market Series, Inc.

     8/22/75; 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      7/31      

RiverSource Cash Management Fund

       10/6/75                  Yes   

RiverSource Sector Series, Inc.

     3/25/88           Corporation       MN      6/30      

RiverSource Dividend Opportunity Fund(8)

       8/1/88                  Yes   

RiverSource Real Estate Fund

       3/4/04                  No   

RiverSource Selected Series, Inc.

     10/5/84           Corporation       MN      3/31      

RiverSource Precious Metals and Mining Fund(9)

       4/22/85                  No   

RiverSource Series Trust(14)

     1/27/06           Business Trust       MA      4/30      

RiverSource 120/20 Contrarian Equity Fund

       10/18/07                  Yes   

RiverSource Recovery and Infrastructure Fund

       2/19/09                  No   

RiverSource Retirement Plus 2010 Fund

       5/18/06                  Yes   

RiverSource Retirement Plus 2015 Fund

       5/18/06                  Yes   

RiverSource Retirement Plus 2020 Fund

       5/18/06                  Yes   

RiverSource Retirement Plus 2025 Fund

       5/18/06                  Yes   

 

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RiverSource Retirement Plus 2030 Fund

       5/18/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Retirement Plus 2035 Fund

       5/18/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Retirement Plus 2040 Fund

       5/18/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Retirement Plus 2045 Fund

       5/18/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Short Term Investments Series, Inc.(15)

     4/23/68, 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      7/31     

RiverSource Short-Term Cash Fund

       9/26/06                 Yes   

RiverSource Special Tax-Exempt Series Trust

     4/7/86           Business Trust       MA      8/31 (10)   

RiverSource Minnesota Tax-Exempt Fund

       8/18/86                 No   

RiverSource New York Tax-Exempt Fund

       8/18/86                 No   

RiverSource Strategic Allocation Series, Inc.(2)

     10/9/84           Corporation       MN      9/30     

RiverSource Strategic Allocation Fund(4)

       1/23/85                 Yes   

RiverSource Strategic Income Allocation Fund

       5/17/07                 Yes   

RiverSource Strategy Series, Inc.

     1/24/84           Corporation       MN      3/31     

RiverSource Equity Value Fund

       5/14/84                 Yes   

RiverSource Tax-Exempt Income Series, Inc.(2)

     12/21/78; 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      11/30     

RiverSource Tax-Exempt High Income Fund(4)

       5/7/79                 Yes   

RiverSource Tax-Exempt Series, Inc.

     9/30/76, 4/8/86 (1)         Corporation       NV/MN      11/30     

RiverSource Intermediate Tax-Exempt Fund

       11/13/96                 Yes   

RiverSource Tax-Exempt Bond Fund

       11/24/76                 Yes   

RiverSource Variable Series Trust(12)

     9/11/07           Business Trust       MA      12/31     

Disciplined Asset Allocation Portfolios — Aggressive

       5/1/08                 Yes   

Disciplined Asset Allocation Portfolios — Conservative

       5/1/08                 Yes   

Disciplined Asset Allocation Portfolios — Moderate

       5/1/08                 Yes   

Disciplined Asset Allocation Portfolios — Moderately Aggressive

       5/1/08                 Yes   

Disciplined Asset Allocation Portfolios — Moderately Conservative

       5/1/08                 Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Balanced Fund(4)

       4/30/86                 Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Cash Management Fund

       10/31/81                 Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Core Equity Fund

       9/10/04                 Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Diversified Bond Fund(3)

       10/13/81                 Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Diversified Equity Income Fund

       9/15/99                 Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Dynamic Equity Fund(5), (16)

       10/13/81                 Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Global Bond Fund

       5/1/96                 No   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Global Inflation Protected Securities Fund(13)

       9/13/04                 No   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — High Yield Bond Fund(3)

       5/1/96                 Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Income Opportunities Fund

       6/1/04                 Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Limited Duration Bond Fund

       4/14/10                 Yes   

 

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RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Mid Cap Growth Fund(4)

        5/1/01                  Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Mid Cap Value Fund

        5/2/05                  Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — S&P 500 Index Fund

        5/1/00                  Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Short Duration U.S. Government Fund(3)

        9/15/99                  Yes   

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Strategic Income Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Seligman Variable Portfolio — Growth Fund(16)

        9/15/99                  Yes   

Seligman Variable Portfolio — Larger-Cap Value Fund(16)

        02/4/04                  Yes   

Seligman Variable Portfolio — Smaller-Cap Value Fund(16)

        9/15/99                  Yes   

Threadneedle Variable Portfolio — Emerging Markets Fund(4), (5), (11)

        5/1/00                  Yes   

Threadneedle Variable Portfolio — International Opportunity Fund(4), (5), (11)

        1/13/92                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Aggressive Portfolio

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — AllianceBernstein International Value Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — American Century Diversified Bond Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — American Century Growth Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Columbia Wanger International Equities Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Columbia Wanger U.S. Equities Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Conservative Portfolio

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Davis New York Venture Fund(11), (18)

        5/1/06                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Eaton Vance Floating-Rate Income Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value Fund(11), (18)

        2/4/04                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Invesco International Growth Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — J.P. Morgan Core Bond Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Jennison Mid Cap Growth Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Marsico Growth Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — MFS Value Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Moderate Portfolio

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Moderately Aggressive Portfolio

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Moderately Conservative Portfolio

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Mondrian International Small Cap Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Morgan Stanley Global Real Estate Fund

        4/14/10                  No   

Variable Portfolio — NFJ Dividend Value Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

 

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Variable Portfolio — Partners Small Cap Growth Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Partners Small Cap Value Fund(11), (18)

        8/14/01                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — PIMCO Mortgage-Backed Securities Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Pyramis International Equity Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — UBS Large Cap Growth Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Variable Portfolio — Wells Fargo Short Duration Government Fund

        4/14/10                  Yes   

Seligman Capital Fund, Inc.

   10/21/68      10/9/69         Corporation         MD         12/31         Yes   

Seligman Communications and Information Fund, Inc.

   10/8/82      6/23/83         Corporation         MD         12/31         Yes   

Seligman Frontier Fund, Inc.

   7/9/84      12/10/84         Corporation         MD         10/31         Yes   

Seligman Global Fund Series, Inc.

   11/22/91         Corporation         MD         10/31      

Seligman Global Technology Fund

        5/23/94                  Yes   

Seligman Growth Fund, Inc.

   1/26/37      4/1/37         Corporation         MD         12/31         Yes   

Seligman LaSalle Real Estate Fund Series, Inc.

   5/30/03         Corporation         MD         12/31      

RiverSource LaSalle Global Real Estate Fund(17)

        12/29/06                  No   

RiverSource LaSalle Monthly Dividend Real Estate Fund(17)

        7/16/03                  Yes   

Seligman Municipal Fund Series, Inc.

   8/8/83         Corporation         MD         9/30      

Seligman National Municipal Class

        12/31/83                  Yes   

Seligman Minnesota Municipal Class

        12/30/83                  No   

Seligman New York Municipal Class

        1/3/84                  No   

Seligman Municipal Series Trust

   7/25/84         Business Trust         MA         9/30      

Seligman California Municipal High-Yield Series

        11/20/84                  No   

Seligman California Municipal Quality Series

        11/20/84                  No   

Seligman Portfolios, Inc.

   7/1/87         Corporation         MD         12/31      

Seligman Capital Portfolio

        6/21/88                  Yes   

Seligman Common Stock Portfolio

        6/21/88                  Yes   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

        10/11/94                  Yes   

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

        5/1/96                  Yes   

Seligman International Growth Portfolio

        5/3/93                  Yes   

Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio

        6/21/88                  Yes   

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

        5/1/98                  Yes   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

        5/1/98                  Yes   

Seligman TargetHorizon ETF Portfolios,

                 

Inc.

   7/6/05         Corporation         MD         9/30      

Seligman TargETFund 2015

        10/3/05                  Yes   

Seligman TargETFund 2025

        10/3/05                  Yes   

Seligman TargETFund 2035

        10/2/06                  Yes   

Seligman TargETFund 2045

        10/2/06                  Yes   

Seligman TargETFund Core

        10/3/05                  Yes   

Seligman Value Fund Series, Inc.

   1/27/97         Corporation         MD         12/31      

Seligman Large-Cap Value Fund

        4/25/97                  Yes   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Fund

        4/25/97                  Yes   

 

* Effective Oct. 1, 2005 American Express Funds changed its name to RiverSource funds and the names Threadneedle and Partners were removed from fund names.

 

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** If a Non-diversified fund is managed as if it were a diversified fund for a period of three years, its status under the 1940 Act will convert automatically from Non-diversified to diversified. A diversified fund may convert to Non-diversified status only with shareholder approval.
(1) Date merged into a Minnesota corporation incorporated on April 8, 1986.
(2) Effective April 21, 2006, AXP Discovery Series, Inc. changed its name to RiverSource Bond Series, Inc.; AXP Fixed Income Series, Inc. changed its name to RiverSource Diversified Income Series, Inc.; AXP Growth Series, Inc. changed its name to RiverSource Large Cap Series, Inc.; AXP High Yield Tax-Exempt Series, Inc. changed its name to RiverSource Tax-Exempt Income Series, Inc.; AXP Managed Series, Inc. changed its name to RiverSource Strategic Allocation Series, Inc.; AXP Partners International Series, Inc. changed its name to RiverSource International Managers Series, Inc.; AXP Partners Series, Inc. changed its name to RiverSource Managers Series, Inc.; and for all other corporations and business trusts, AXP was replaced with RiverSource in the registrant name.
(3) Effective June 27, 2003, Bond Fund changed its name to Diversified Bond Fund, Federal Income Fund changed its name to Short Duration U.S. Government Fund and Extra Income Fund changed its name to High Yield Bond Fund, Variable Portfolio — Bond Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Diversified Bond Fund, Variable Portfolio — Extra Income Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — High Yield Bond Fund and Variable Portfolio — Federal Income Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Short Duration U.S. Government Fund.
(4) Effective Oct. 1, 2005, Equity Select Fund changed its name to Mid Cap Growth Fund, High Yield Tax-Exempt Fund changed its name to Tax-Exempt High Income Fund, Managed Allocation Fund changed its name to Strategic Allocation Fund, Mutual changed its name to Balanced Fund, Quantitative Large Cap Equity Fund changed its name to Disciplined Equity Fund, and Threadneedle International Fund changed its name to International Opportunity Fund. Variable Portfolio — Equity Select Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Portfolio — Threadneedle Emerging Markets Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Emerging Markets Fund, Variable Portfolio — Threadneedle International Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — International Opportunity Fund, and Variable Portfolio — Managed Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Balanced Fund.
(5) Effective July 9, 2004, Emerging Markets Fund changed its name to Threadneedle Emerging Markets Fund, European Equity Fund changed its name to Threadneedle European Equity Fund, Global Equity Fund changed its name to Threadneedle Global Equity Fund, and International Fund changed its name to Threadneedle International Fund, Variable Portfolio — Capital Resource Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Large Cap Equity Fund, Variable Portfolio — Emerging Markets Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Threadneedle Emerging Markets Fund and Variable Portfolio — International Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Threadneedle International Fund.
(6) Effective Oct. 20, 2003, Global Growth Fund changed its name to Global Equity Fund.
(7) Effective Jan. 31, 2008, the fiscal year end was changed from May 31 to Jan. 31.
(8) Effective Feb. 18, 2004, Utilities Fund changed its name to Dividend Opportunity Fund.
(9) Effective Nov. 1, 2006, Precious Metals Fund changed its name to Precious Metals and Mining Fund.
(10) Effective April 13, 2006, the fiscal year end was changed from June 30 to Aug. 31.
(11)

Effective March 31, 2008, RiverSource Emerging Markets Fund changed its name to Threadneedle Emerging Markets Fund; RiverSource Global Equity Fund changed its name to Threadneedle Global Equity Fund; RiverSource European Equity Fund changed its name to Threadneedle European Equity Fund; RiverSource International Opportunity Fund changed its name to Threadneedle International Opportunity Fund; RiverSource International Aggressive Growth Fund changed its name to

 

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RiverSource Partners International Select Growth Fund; RiverSource International Select Value Fund changed its name to RiverSource Partners International Select Value Fund; RiverSource International Small Cap Fund changed its name to RiverSource Partners International Small Cap Fund; RiverSource Fundamental Value Fund changed its name to RiverSource Partners Fundamental Value Fund; RiverSource Small Cap Value Fund changed its name to RiverSource Partners Small Cap Value Fund; RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Fundamental Value Fund changed its name to RiverSource Partners Variable Portfolio — Fundamental Value Fund; RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Select Value Fund changed its name to RiverSource Partners Variable Portfolio — Select Value Fund; and RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Small Cap Value Fund changed its name to RiverSource Partners Variable Portfolio — Small Cap Value Fund.

(12) Prior to January 2008, the assets of the funds in RiverSource Variable Series Trust were held by funds organized under six separate Minnesota Corporations.
(13) Effective June 8, 2005, Variable Portfolio — Inflation Protected Securities Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Global Inflation Protected Securities Fund.
(14) Prior to September 11, 2007, RiverSource Series Trust was known as RiverSource Retirement Series Trust.
(15) Prior to April 21, 2006, RiverSource Short Term Investments Series, Inc. was known as AXP Stock Series, Inc.
(16) Effective May 1, 2009, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Growth Fund changed its name to Seligman Variable Portfolio — Growth Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Large Cap Equity Fund changed its name to RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Dynamic Equity Fund, RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Large Cap Value Fund changed its name to Seligman Variable Portfolio — Larger-Cap Value Fund, and RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Small Cap Advantage Fund changed its name to Seligman Variable Portfolio — Smaller-Cap Value Fund.
(17) Effective Sept. 25, 2009, Seligman Cash Management Fund, Inc. changed its name to RiverSource Government Money Market Fund, Inc.; Seligman LaSalle Global Real Estate Fund changed its name to RiverSource LaSalle Global Real Estate Fund; and Seligman LaSalle Monthly Dividend Real Estate Fund changed its name to RiverSource LaSalle Monthly Dividend Real Estate Fund.
(18) Effective May 1, 2010, RiverSource Partners Variable Portfolio — Fundamental Value Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Davis New York Venture Fund; RiverSource Partners Variable Portfolio — Select Value Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value Fund; and RiverSource Partners Variable Portfolio — Small Cap Value Fund changed its name to Variable Portfolio — Partners Small Cap Value Fund.

 

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Board Members and Officers

Shareholders elect a Board that oversees a fund’s operations. The Board appoints officers who are responsible for day-to-day business decisions based on policies set by the Board. The following is a list of each fund’s Board members. The RiverSource Family of Funds each member oversees consists of 152 funds. Under current Board policy, members may serve until the next regular shareholders’ meeting, until he or she reaches the mandatory retirement age established by the Board, or the fifteenth anniversary of the first Board meeting they attended as members of the Board.

Table 21. Board Members

Independent Board Members*

 

Name, address, age

  

Position held

with funds and

length of service

  

Principal occupation

during past five years

  

Other

present or past

directorships

(within past 5 years)

  

Committee

Memberships

Kathleen Blatz

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 55

   Board member since 1/11/06    Chief Justice, Minnesota Supreme Court, 1998-2006; Attorney    None    Board Governance, Compliance Investment Review, Audit

Arne H. Carlson

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 75

   Board member since 1/5/99    Chair, RiverSource Family of Funds, 1999-2006; former Governor of Minnesota    None    Board Governance, Compliance Contracts, Executive, Investment Review

Pamela G. Carlton

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 55

   Board member since 11/11/07    President, Springboard-Partners in Cross Cultural Leadership (consulting company)    None    Distribution, Investment Review, Audit

Patricia M. Flynn

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 59

   Board member since 11/1/04    Trustee Professor of Economics and Management, Bentley University; former Dean, McCallum Graduate School of Business, Bentley University    None    Board Governance, Contracts, Investment Review

Anne P. Jones

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 75

   Board member since 3/1/85    Attorney and Consultant    None    Board Governance, Compliance, Executive,Investment Review, Audit

Jeffrey Laikind, CFA 901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 74

   Board member since 11/1/05    Former Managing Director, Shikiar Asset Management    American Progressive Insurance; Hapoalim Securities USA, Inc.    Distribution, Executive, Investment Review, Audit
Stephen R. Lewis, Jr. 901 S. Marquette Ave. Minneapolis, MN 55402 Age 71    Chair of the Board since 1/1/07, Board member since 1/1/02    President Emeritus and Professor of Economics, Carleton College    Valmont Industries, Inc. (manufactures irrigation systems)    Board Governance, Compliance, Contracts, Executive, Investment Review

 

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John F. Maher 901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402 Age 67

   Board member since 11/7/08    Retired President and Chief Executive Officer and former Director, Great Western Financial Corporation (financial services), 1986-1997    None    Distribution, Investment Review, Audit
Catherine James Paglia 901 S. Marquette Ave. Minneapolis, MN 55402 Age 57    Board member since 11/1/04    Director, Enterprise Asset Management, Inc. (private real estate and asset management company)    None    Board Governance, Compliance, Contracts, Executive, Investment Review

Leroy C. Richie

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402 Age 68

   Board member since 11/7/08    Counsel, Lewis & Munday, P.C. since 1987; Vice President and General Counsel, Automotive Legal Affairs, Chrysler Corporation, 1990-1997    Digital Ally, Inc. (digital imaging); Infinity, Inc. (oil and gas exploration and production); OGE Energy Corp. (energy and energy services)    Contracts, Distribution, Investment Review
Alison Taunton-Rigby 901 S. Marquette Ave. Minneapolis, MN 55402 Age 66    Board member since 11/13/02    Chief Executive Officer and Director, RiboNovix, Inc. since 2003 (biotechnology); former President, Forester Biotech    Idera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (biotechnology); Healthways, Inc. (health management programs)    Contracts, Distribution, Executive, Investment Review

 

* Mr. Laikind may be deemed, as a technical matter, an interested person of RiverSource Variable Series Trust because he serves as an independent director of a broker-dealer that has executed transactions for subadvisers to certain of the funds.

Board Member Affiliated with the Investment Manager*

 

Name, address, age

  

Position held

with funds and

length of service

  

Principal occupation

during past five years

  

Other

present or past

directorships

(within past 5 years)

  

Committee

Memberships

William F. Truscott 53600 Ameriprise Financial Center Minneapolis, MN 55474 Age 49    Board member since 11/7/01, Vice President since 2002    Chairman of the Board, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly RiverSource Investments, LLC) since May 2010 (previously President, Chairman of the Board and Chief Investment Officer, 2001-April 2010); Chief Executive Officer, U.S. Asset Management & President, Annuities, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since May 2010 (previously President – U.S. Asset Management and Chief Investment Officer, 2005-April 2010 and Senior Vice President – Chief Investment Officer, 2001-2005); Director, President and Chief Executive Officer, Ameriprise Certificate Company since 2006; Director, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) since May 2010 (previously Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, 2008-April 2010; Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. since 2006; former Chief Investment Officer and Managing Director, Zurich Scudder Investments    None    None

 

* Interested person (as defined under the 1940 Act) by reason of being an officer, director, security holder and/or employee of the investment manager or Ameriprise Financial.

 

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The Board has appointed officers who are responsible for day-to-day business decisions based on policies it has established. The officers serve at the pleasure of the Board. In addition to Mr. Truscott, who is Vice President, the funds’ other officers are:

Table 22. Fund Officers

 

Name, address, age

 

Position held with funds and

length of service

 

Principal occupation

during past five years

J. Kevin Connaughton

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 46

  President since 5/1/10   Senior Vice President and General Manager – Mutual Fund Products, Columbia Management Investment Advisers,LLC since May 2010; Managing Director of Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, December 2004-April 2010; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Columbia Funds, June 2008-January 2009; Treasurer, Columbia Funds, October 2003-May 2008; Treasurer, the Liberty Funds, Stein Roe Funds and Liberty All-Star Funds, December 2000-December 2006; Senior Vice President – Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, April 2003-December 2004; President, Columbia Funds, Liberty Funds and Stein Roe Funds, February 2004-October 2004

Amy K. Johnson

5228 Ameriprise Financial Center Minneapolis, MN 55474

Age 44

  Vice President since 12/5/06   Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly RiverSource Investments, LLC) since May 2010 (previously Chief Administrative Officer, 2009-April 2010 and Vice President – Asset Management and Trust Company Services, 2006-2009 and Vice President – Operations and Compliance, 2004-2006); Director of Product Development – Mutual Funds, Ameriprise Financial, Inc., 2001-2004

Jeffrey P. Fox

105 Ameriprise Financial Center Minneapolis, MN 55474

Age 54

  Treasurer since 7/10/02   Vice President, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly RiverSource Investments, LLC) since May 2010; Chief Financial Officer, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) and of Seligman Data Corp. since 2008; Vice President – Investment Accounting, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since 2002; Chief Financial Officer, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. since 2006

Scott R. Plummer

5228 Ameriprise Financial Center Minneapolis, MN 55474

Age 50

  Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since 12/5/06   Chief Legal Officer and Assistant Secretary, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly RiverSource Investments, LLC) since June 2005; Vice President and Lead Chief Counsel – Asset Management, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since May 2010 (previously Vice President and Chief Counsel – Asset Management, 2005-April 2010 and Vice President – Asset Management Compliance,

 

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    2004-2005); Vice President, Chief Counsel and Assistant Secretary, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) since 2008; Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, Ameriprise Certificate Company since 2005; Chief Counsel, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. since 2006; Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer, USBancorp Asset Management, 2002-2004

Mike Jones

100 Federal Street

Boston, MN 02110

Age 51

  Vice President since 5/1/10   Director and President, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC since May 2010; President and Director, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. since May 2010; Manager, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, 2007-April 2010; Chief Executive Officer, President and Director, Columbia Management Distributors, Inc., 2006-April 2010; former Co-President and Senior Managing Director, Robeco Investment Management

Colin Moore

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 52

  Vice President since 5/1/10   Director and Chief Investment Officer, Columbia Management Investment Advisers,LLC since May 2010; Manager, Managing Director and Chief Investment Officer, Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, 2007-April 2010; Head of Equities, Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, 2002-Sept. 2007

Linda Wondrack

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 46

  Chief Compliance Officer since 5/1/10   Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC since May 2010; Director (Columbia Management Group, LLC and Investment Product Group Compliance), Bank of America, June 2005-April 2010; Director of Corporate Compliance and Conflicts Officer, MFS Investment Management (investment management), August 2004-May 2005

Neysa M. Alecu

2934 Ameriprise Financial Center Minneapolis, MN 55474

Age 46

  Money Laundering Prevention Officer since 11/9/05 and Identity Theft Prevention Officer since 2008   Vice President – Compliance, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since 2008; Anti-Money Laundering Officer and Identity Theft Prevention Officer, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) since 2008; Anti-Money Laundering Officer, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since 2005; Compliance Director, Ameriprise Financial, Inc., 2004-2008

Responsibilities of Board with respect to fund management

The Board is chaired by an Independent Director who has significant additional responsibilities compared to the other Board members, including, among other things: setting the agenda for Board meetings, communicating and meeting regularly with Board members between Board and committee meetings on fund-related matters with the funds’ Chief Compliance Officer, counsel to the Independent Directors, and representatives of the funds’ service providers and overseeing Board Services. The Board initially approves an Investment Management Services Agreement and other contracts with the investment manager and its affiliates, and other

 

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service providers. Once the contracts are approved, the Board monitors the level and quality of services including commitments of service providers to achieve expected levels of investment performance and shareholder services. In addition, the Board oversees that processes are in place to assure compliance with applicable rules, regulations and investment policies and addresses possible conflicts of interest. Annually, the Board evaluates the services received under the contracts by receiving reports covering investment performance, shareholder services, marketing, and the investment manager’s profitability in order to determine whether to continue existing contracts or negotiate new contracts. The Board also oversees fund risks, primarily through the functions (described below) performed by the Investment Review Committee, the Audit Committee and the Compliance Committee.

Committees of the Board

The Board has organized the following standing committees to facilitate its work: Board Governance Committee, Compliance Committee, Contracts Committee, Distribution Committee, Executive Committee, Investment Review Committee and Audit Committee. These Committees are comprised solely of Independent Directors (persons who are not “interested persons” of the fund as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. The table above describing each Director also includes their respective committee memberships. The duties of these committees are described below.

Mr. Lewis, as Chair of the Board, acts as a point of contact between the Independent Directors and the investment manager between Board meetings in respect of general matters.

Board Governance Committee — Recommends to the Board the size, structure and composition of the Board and its committees; the compensation to be paid to members of the Board; and a process for evaluating the Board’s performance. The committee also reviews candidates for Board membership including candidates recommended by shareholders. The committee also makes recommendations to the Board regarding responsibilities and duties of the Board, oversees proxy voting and supports the work of the Board Chair in relation to furthering the interests of the Funds and their shareholders on external matters.

To be considered as a candidate for director, recommendations must include a curriculum vitae and be mailed to the Chair of the Board, RiverSource Family of Funds, 901 Marquette Avenue South, Suite 2810, Minneapolis, MN 55402-3268. To be timely for consideration by the committee, the submission, including all required information, must be submitted in writing not less than 120 days before the date of the proxy statement for the previous year’s annual meeting of shareholders, if such a meeting is held. The committee will consider only one candidate submitted by such a shareholder or group for nomination for election at a meeting of shareholders. The committee will not consider self-nominated candidates or candidates nominated by members of a candidate’s family, including such candidate’s spouse, children, parents, uncles, aunts, grandparents, nieces and nephews.

The committee will consider and evaluate candidates submitted by the nominating shareholder or group on the basis of the same criteria as those used to consider and evaluate candidates submitted from other sources. The committee may take into account a wide variety of factors in considering director candidates, including (but not limited to): (i) the candidate’s knowledge in matters relating to the investment company industry; (ii) any experience possessed by the candidate as a director or senior officer of other public or private companies; (iii) the candidate’s educational background; (iv) the candidate’s reputation for high ethical standards and personal and professional integrity; (v) any specific financial, technical or other expertise possessed by the candidate, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Board’s existing mix of skills and qualifications; (vi) the candidate’s perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board, including the candidate’s ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly, work collaboratively with other members of the Board and carry out his or her duties in the best interests of the fund; (vii) the candidate’s ability to qualify as an independent director; and (viii) such other criteria as the committee determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board and any anticipated vacancies or other factors.

Members of the committee (and/or the Board) also meet personally with each nominee to evaluate the candidate’s ability to work effectively with other members of the Board, while also exercising independent judgment. Although the Board does not have a formal diversity policy, the Board endeavors to comprise itself of members with a broad mix of professional and personal backgrounds. Thus, the committee and the Board accorded particular weight to the individual professional background of each Independent Director, as encapsulated in their bios included above in Table 21.

The Board believes that the funds are well-served by a Board, the membership of which consists of persons that represent a broad mix of professional and personal backgrounds. In considering nominations, the Committee takes the following matrix into account in assessing how a candidate’s professional background would fit into the mix of experiences represented by the then-current Board.

 

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          PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND — 2010

Name

   Geographic    For Profit;
CIO/CFO;
CEO/COO
   Non-Profit;
Government;
CEO
   Investment    Legal;
Regulatory
   Political    Academic    Distribution;
Marketing
   Audit
Committee;
Financial Expert

Blatz

   MN       X       X    X         

Carlson

   MN       X          X         

Carlton

   NY          X    X             X

Flynn

   MA                   X      

Jones

   MD             X             X

Laikind

   NY    X       X             X    X

Lewis

   MN       X             X      

Maher

   CT    X       X                X

Paglia

   NY    X       X                X

Richie

   MI    X          X            

Taunton-Rigby

   MA    X       X                X

With respect to the directorship of Mr. Truscott, who is not an Independent Director, the committee and the Board have concluded that having a senior member of the investment manager serve on the Board can facilitate the Independent Directors’ increased access to information regarding the funds’ investment manager, which is the funds’ most significant service provider. The committee held 5 meetings during the last fiscal year.

Compliance Committee — Supports the funds’ maintenance of a strong compliance program by providing a forum for Independent Directors to consider compliance matters impacting the Funds or their key service providers; developing and implementing, in coordination with the funds’ Chief Compliance Officer (CCO), a process for the review and consideration of compliance reports that are provided to the Boards; and providing a designated forum for the Funds’ CCO to meet with Independent Directors on a regular basis to discuss compliance matters. The committee held 5 meetings during the last fiscal year.

Contracts Committee — Reviews and oversees the contractual relationships with service providers. Receives and analyzes reports covering the level and quality of services provided under contracts with the fund and advises the Board regarding actions taken on these contracts during the annual review process. The committee held 6 meetings during the last fiscal year.

Distribution Committee — Reviews and supports product development, marketing, sales activity and practices related to the funds and will report to the Board as appropriate. The committee held 4 meetings during the fiscal year.

Executive Committee — Acts for the Board between meetings of the Board. The committee held 2 meeting during the last fiscal year.

Investment Review Committee — Reviews and oversees the management of the funds’ assets. Considers investment management policies and strategies; investment performance; risk management techniques; and securities trading practices and reports areas of concern to the Board. The committee held 6 meetings during the last fiscal year.

Audit Committee — Oversees the accounting and financial reporting processes of the funds and internal controls over financial reporting. Oversees the quality and integrity of the funds’ financial statements and independent audits as well as the funds’ compliance with legal and regulatory requirements relating to the funds’ accounting and financial reporting, internal controls over financial reporting and independent audits. The committee also makes recommendations regarding the selection of the funds’ independent auditor and reviews and evaluates the qualifications, independence and performance of the auditor. The committee oversees the funds’ risks by, among other things, meeting with the funds’ internal auditors, establishing procedures for the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of concerns about accounting or audit matters, and overseeing the funds’ Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The committee held 6 meetings during the last fiscal year.

 

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BOARD MEMBER HOLDINGS

The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned on Dec. 31, 2009 of all funds overseen by the Board members. All shares of the Variable Portfolio funds are owned by life insurance companies and are not available for purchase by individuals. Consequently no Board member owns any shares of Variable Portfolio funds.

Table 23. Board Member Holdings — All Funds

Based on net asset values as of Dec. 31, 2009:

 

Board Member

   Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities of All
Funds Overseen by Board Member

Kathleen Blatz

   Over $100,000

Arne H. Carlson

   Over $100,000

Pamela G. Carlton

   $50,001-$100,000

Patricia M. Flynn

   Over $100,000*

Anne P. Jones

   Over $100,000

Jeffrey Laikind

   Over $100,000

Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.

   Over $100,000*

John F. Maher

   Over $100,000*

Catherine James Paglia

   Over $100,000*

Leroy C. Richie

   Over $100,000

Alison Taunton-Rigby

   Over $100,000

William F. Truscott

   Over $100,000

 

* Includes deferred compensation invested in share equivalents.

As of 30 days prior to the date of this SAI, the Board members and officers as a group owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of any class of any fund.

COMPENSATION OF BOARD MEMBERS

Total compensation. The following table shows the total compensation paid to independent Board members from all the funds in the RiverSource Family of Funds in the fiscal year ended Dec. 31, 2009.

Table 24. Board Member Compensation — All Funds

 

Board Member(a)

   Total Cash Compensation from RiverSource Funds
Paid to Board Member

Kathleen Blatz

   $172,500

Arne H. Carlson

   177,500

Pamela G. Carlton

   160,000(b)

Patricia M. Flynn

   165,000(b)

Anne P. Jones

   172,500

Jeffrey Laikind

   160,000

Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.

   400,000(b)

John F. Maher

   155,000(b)

Catherine James Paglia

   177,500

Leroy C. Richie

   165,000

Alison Taunton-Rigby

   165,000

 

(a) Board member compensation is a combination of a base fee and meeting fees, with the exception of the Chair of the Board, who receives a base annual compensation. Payment of compensation is administered by a company providing limited administrative services to the funds and to the Board.
(b) Ms. Carlton, Ms. Flynn, Mr. Lewis and Mr. Maher elected to defer a portion of the total cash compensation payable during the period in the amount of $64,000, $49,500, $60,000 and $155,000, respectively. Amount deferred by fund is set forth in Table 25. Additional information regarding the deferred compensation plan is described below.

 

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The Independent Directors determine the amount of compensation that they receive, including the amount paid to the Chair of the Board. In determining compensation for the Independent Directors, the Independent Directors take into account a variety of factors including, among other things, their collective significant work experience (e.g., in business and finance, government or academia). The Independent Directors also recognize that these individuals’ advice and counsel are in demand by other organizations, that these individuals may reject other opportunities because the time demands of their duties as Independent Directors, and that they undertake significant legal responsibilities. The Independent Directors also consider the compensation paid to independent board members of other mutual fund complexes of comparable size. In determining the compensation paid to the Chair, the Independent Directors take into account, among other things, the Chair’s significant additional responsibilities (e.g., setting the agenda for Board meetings, communicating or meeting regularly with the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer, Counsel to the Independent Directors, and the Funds’ service providers) which result in a significantly greater time commitment required of the Board Chair. The Chair’s compensation, therefore, has generally been set at a level between 2.5 and 3 times the level of compensation paid to other Independent Directors.

Effective Jan. 1, 2010, Independent Directors will be paid an annual retainer of $125,000. Committee and subcommittee Chairs will each receive an additional annual retainer of $5,000. In addition, independent Board members will be paid the following fees for attending Board and committee meetings: $5,000 per day of in-person Board meetings and $2,500 per day of in-person committee or sub-committee meetings (if such meetings are not held on the same day as a Board meeting). Independent Board members are not paid for special meetings conducted by telephone. In 2010, the Board’s Chair will receive total annual cash compensation of $430,000.

The Independent Directors may elect to defer payment of up to 100% of the compensation they receive in accordance with a Deferred Compensation Plan (the Deferred Plan). Under the Deferred Plan, a Board member may elect to have his or her deferred compensation treated as if they had been invested in shares of one or more RiverSource funds and the amount paid to the Board member under the Deferred Plan will be determined based on the performance of such investments. Distributions may be taken in a lump sum or over a period of years. The Deferred Plan will remain unfunded for federal income tax purposes under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. It is anticipated that deferral of Board member compensation in accordance with the Deferred Plan will have, at most, a negligible impact on Fund assets and liabilities.

Compensation from each fund. The following table shows the compensation paid to independent Board members from each fund during the fiscal year ended Dec. 31, 2009.

Table 25. Board Member Compensation — Individual Funds

 

     Aggregate Compensation from Fund  

Fund

   Blatz      Carlson      Carlton      Flynn      Jones      Laikind      Lewis      Maher      Paglia      Richie      Taunton-
Rigby
 

Balanced – total

   $ 2,421       $ 2,495       $ 2,246       $ 2,319       $ 2,421       $ 2,246       $ 5,640       $ 2,175       $ 2,495       $ 2,320       $ 2,319   

Amount deferred

     0         0         898         696         0         0         846         2,175         0         0         0   

Cash Management – total

     3,262         3,391         3,019         3,148         3,262         3,019         7,720         2,931         3,391         3,148         3,148   

Amount deferred

     0         0         1,208         944         0         0         1,158         2,931         0         0         0   

Core Equity – total

     425         437         394         405         424         394         981         381         437         406         406   

Amount deferred

     0         0         157         122         0         0         147         381         0         0         0   

Davis New York Venture – total

     3,480         3,550         3,239         3,310         3,480         3,239         7,976         3,119         3,550         3,310         3,310   

Amount deferred

     0         0         1,296         993         0         0         1,176         3,119         0         0         0   

Diversified Bond – total

     12,934         13,334         11,991         12,391         12,934         11,991         30,078         11,642         13,334         12,392         12,391   

Amount deferred

     0         0         4,796         3,717         0         0         4,512         11,642         0         0         0   

Diversified Equity Income – total

     8,081         8,297         7,502         7,717         8,081         7,502         18,666         7,256         8,297         7,717         7,717   

Amount deferred

     0         0         3,001         2,315         0         0         2,800         7,256         0         0         0   

Dynamic Equity – total

     3,213         3,306         2,979         3,071         3,213         2,979         7,432         2,885         3,306         3,071         3,071   

Amount deferred

     0         0         1,191         921         0         0         1,115         2,885         0         0         0   

 

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Emerging Markets – total

     2,054         2,115         1,904         1,966         2,054         1,904         4,761         1,849         2,115         1,966         1,966   

Amount deferred

     0         0         762         590         0         0         714         1,849         0         0         0   

Global Bond – total

     3,865         3,981         3,582         3,698         3,865         3,582         8,969         3,478         3,981         3,698         3,698   

Amount deferred

     0         0         1,433         1,110         0         0         1,345         3,478         0         0         0   

Global Inflation Protected Securities – total

     4,000         4,085         3,728         3,813         4,000         3,728         9,226         3,588         4,086         3,813         3,813   

Amount deferred

     0         0         1,491         1,144         0         0         1,384         3,588         0         0         0   

Goldman Sachs Mid Cap Value – total

     31         32         28         29         31         28         71         28         32         29         29   

Amount deferred

     0         0         11         9         0         0         11         28         0         0         0   

Growth – total

     640         662         592         614         640         592         1,484         576         662         613         613   

Amount deferred

     0         0         237         184         0         0         223         576         0         0         0   

High Yield Bond – total

     1,662         1,707         1,541         1,586         1,662         1,541         3,855         1,491         1,707         1,587         1,587   

Amount deferred

     0         0         617         476         0         0         578         1,491         0         0         0   

Income Opportunities – total

     3,410         3,480         3,176         3,246         3,410         3,176         7,846         3,059         3,480         3,246         3,246   

Amount deferred

     0         0         1,271         974         0         0         1,177         3,059         0         0         0   

International Opportunity – total

     1,300         1,338         1,206         1,243         1,300         1,206         3,015         1,167         1,337         1,243         1,243   

Amount deferred

     0         0         482         373         0         0         452         1,168         0         0         0   

Larger-Cap Value – total

     30         30         28         28         30         28         68         27         30         28         28   

Amount deferred

     0         0         11         8         0         0         10         27         0         0         0   

Mid Cap Growth – total

     815         835         756         776         815         756         1,877         731         835         777         777   

Amount deferred

     0         0         302         233         0         0         282         731         0         0         0   

Mid Cap Value – total

     605         624         560         579         605         560         1,396         545         624         578         578   

Amount deferred

     0         0         224         174         0         0         209         545         0         0         0   

Partners Small Cap Value – total

     2,713         2,783         2,517         2,586         2,713         2,517         6,231         2,436         2,782         2,587         2,587   

Amount deferred

     0         0         1,007         776         0         0         935         2,436         0         0         0   

S&P 500 Index – total

   $ 496       $ 510       $ 460       $ 474       $ 497       $ 460       $ 1,147       $ 446       $ 510       $ 474       $ 474   

Amount deferred

     0         0         184         142         0         0         172         446         0         0         0   

Short Duration U.S. Government – total

     1,283         1,326         1,190         1,232         1,190         1,283         3,003         1,154         1,326         1,232         1,232   

Amount deferred

     0         0         476         370         0         0         451         1,154         0         0         0   

Smaller-Cap Value – total

     174         178         161         166         174         161         399         156         178         166         165   

Amount deferred

     0         0         64         50         0         0         60         156         0         0         0   

The funds in the RiverSource Family of Funds, RiverSource Investments, unaffiliated and affiliated subadvisers, and RiverSource Fund Distributors have each adopted a Code of Ethics (collectively, the “Codes”) and related procedures reasonably designed to prevent violations of Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. The Codes contain provisions reasonably necessary to prevent a fund’s access persons from engaging in any conduct prohibited by paragraph (b) of Rule 17j-1, which indicates that it is unlawful for any affiliated person of or principal underwriter for a fund, or any affiliated persons of an investment adviser of or principal underwriter for a fund, in connection with the purchase or sale, directly or indirectly, by the person of a security held or to be acquired by a fund (i) to employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud a fund; (ii) to make any untrue statement of a material fact to a fund or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made to a fund, in light of the circumstance under which they are made, not misleading; (iii) to engage in any act, practice or course of business that

 

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operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit on a fund; or (iv) to engage in any manipulative practice with respect to a fund. The Codes prohibit personnel from engaging in personal investment activities that compete with or attempt to take advantage of planned portfolio transactions for the funds.

Copies of the Codes are on public file with the SEC and can be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, DC. The information on the operation of the SEC’s Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-202-942-8090. Copies of the Codes are also available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at www.sec.gov. Copies of the Codes may also be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Washington, DC 20549-0102.

Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities

RiverSource Life and its subsidiaries are the record holders of all outstanding shares of the funds. All shares were purchased and are held by RiverSource Life and its subsidiaries pursuant to instructions from owners of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts issued by RiverSource Life and its subsidiaries. Accordingly, RiverSource Life disclaimed beneficial ownership of all shares of the funds.

Information Regarding Pending and Settled Legal Proceedings

In June 2004, an action captioned John E. Gallus et al. v. American Express Financial Corp. and American Express Financial Advisors Inc., was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. The plaintiffs allege that they are investors in several American Express Company (now known as RiverSource) mutual funds and they purport to bring the action derivatively on behalf of those funds under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The plaintiffs allege that fees allegedly paid to the defendants by the funds for investment advisory and administrative services are excessive. The plaintiffs seek remedies including restitution and rescission of investment advisory and distribution agreements. The plaintiffs voluntarily agreed to transfer this case to the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota (the “District Court”). In response to defendant’s motion to dismiss the complaint, the District Court dismissed one of plaintiffs’ four claims and granted plaintiffs limited discovery. Defendants moved for summary judgment in April 2007. Summary judgment was granted in the defendants’ favor on July 9, 2007. The plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal with the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals (the “Eighth Circuit”) on Aug. 8, 2007. On April 8, 2009, the Eighth Circuit reversed summary judgment and remanded to the District Court for further proceedings. On August 6, 2009, defendants filed a writ of certiorari with the U.S. Supreme Court (the “Supreme Court”), asking the Supreme Court to stay the District Court proceedings while the Supreme Court considers and rules in a case captioned Jones v. Harris Associates, which involves issues of law similar to those presented in the Gallus case. On March 30, 2010, the Supreme Court issued its ruling in Jones v. Harris Associates, and on April 5, 2010, the Supreme Court vacated the Eighth Circuit’s decision in the Gallus case and remanded to the Eighth Circuit for further consideration in light of the Supreme Court’s decision in Jones v. Harris Associates.

In December 2005, without admitting or denying the allegations, American Express Financial Corporation (AEFC, which is now known as Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (Ameriprise Financial)), entered into settlement agreements with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Minnesota Department of Commerce (MDOC) related to market timing activities. As a result, AEFC was censured and ordered to cease and desist from committing or causing any violations of certain provisions of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the Investment Company Act of 1940, and various Minnesota laws. AEFC agreed to pay disgorgement of $10 million and civil money penalties of $7 million. AEFC also agreed to retain an independent distribution consultant to assist in developing a plan for distribution of all disgorgement and civil penalties ordered by the SEC in accordance with various undertakings detailed at http://www.sec.gov/litigation/admin/ia-2451.pdf. Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates have cooperated with the SEC and the MDOC in these legal proceedings, and have made regular reports to the RiverSource Funds’ Boards of Directors/Trustees.

On November 7, 2008, RiverSource Investments, LLC, a subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc., acquired J.&W. Seligman & Co., Inc. (“Seligman”). In late 2003, Seligman conducted an extensive internal review concerning mutual fund trading practices. Seligman’s review, which covered the period 2001-2003, noted one arrangement that permitted frequent trading in certain open-end

 

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registered investment companies managed by Seligman (the “Seligman Funds”); this arrangement was in the process of being closed down by Seligman before September 2003. Seligman identified three other arrangements that permitted frequent trading, all of which had been terminated by September 2002. In January 2004, Seligman, on a voluntary basis, publicly disclosed these four arrangements to its clients and to shareholders of the Seligman Funds. Seligman also provided information concerning mutual fund trading practices to the SEC and the Office of the Attorney General of the State of New York (“NYAG”). In September 2005, the New York staff of the SEC indicated that it was considering recommending to the Commissioners of the SEC the instituting of a formal action against Seligman and the distributor of the Seligman Funds, Seligman Advisors, Inc. (which is now known as RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.), relating to frequent trading in the Seligman Funds. Seligman responded to the staff in October 2005 that it believed that any action would be both inappropriate and unnecessary, especially in light of the fact that Seligman had previously resolved the underlying issue with the Independent Directors of the Seligman Funds and made recompense to the affected Seligman Funds.

In September 2006, the NYAG commenced a civil action in New York State Supreme Court against Seligman, Seligman Advisors, Inc. (which is now known as RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.), Seligman Data Corp. and Brian T. Zino (collectively, the “Seligman Parties”), alleging, in substance, that the Seligman Parties permitted various persons to engage in frequent trading and, as a result, the prospectus disclosure used by the registered investment companies then managed by Seligman was and had been misleading. The NYAG included other related claims and also claimed that the fees charged by Seligman to the Seligman Funds were excessive. On March 13, 2009, without admitting or denying any violations of law or wrongdoing, the Seligman Parties entered into a stipulation of settlement with the NYAG and settled the claims made by the NYAG. Under the terms of the settlement, Seligman will pay $11.3 million to four Seligman Funds. This settlement resolved all outstanding matters between the Seligman Parties and the NYAG. In addition to the foregoing matter, the New York staff of the SEC indicated in September 2005 that it was considering recommending to the Commissioners of the SEC the instituting of a formal action against Seligman and Seligman Advisors, Inc. relating to frequent trading in the Seligman Funds. Seligman responded to the staff in October 2005 that it believed that any action would be both inappropriate and unnecessary, especially in light of the fact that Seligman had previously resolved the underlying issue with the Independent Directors of the Seligman Funds and made recompense to the affected Seligman Funds. There have been no further developments with the SEC on this matter.

Ameriprise Financial and certain of its affiliates have historically been involved in a number of legal, arbitration and regulatory proceedings, including routine litigation, class actions, and governmental actions, concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of their business activities. Ameriprise Financial believes that the Funds are not currently the subject of, and that neither Ameriprise Financial nor any of its affiliates are the subject of, any pending legal, arbitration or regulatory proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Funds or the ability of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates to perform under their contracts with the Funds. Ameriprise Financial is required to make 10-Q, 10-K and, as necessary, 8-K filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission on legal and regulatory matters that relate to Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates. Copies of these filings may be obtained by accessing the SEC website at www.sec.gov.

There can be no assurance that these matters, or the adverse publicity associated with them, will not result in increased fund redemptions, reduced sale of fund shares or other adverse consequences to the Funds. Further, although we believe proceedings are not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Funds or the ability of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates to perform under their contracts with the Funds, these proceedings are subject to uncertainties and, as such, we are unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss that may result. An adverse outcome in one or more of these proceedings could result in adverse judgments, settlements, fines, penalties or other relief that could have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition or results of operations of Ameriprise Financial.

THE FOLLOWING MATTER IS UNRELATED TO AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL OR COLUMBIA MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT ADVISERS, LLC OR ITS AFFILIATES

On April 16, 2010, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) brought an action under the U.S. federal securities laws in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York against Goldman, Sachs & Co. (“GS&Co.”) and one of its employees alleging that they made materially misleading statements and omissions in connection with a 2007 private placement of securities relating to a synthetic collateralized debt obligation sold to two institutional investors. GS&Co. and/or other affiliates of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. have received or may in the future receive notices and requests for information from various regulators, and have become or may in the future become involved in legal proceedings, based on allegations similar to those made by the SEC or other matters.

 

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Neither Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. or Goldman Sachs Asset Management International (collectively “GSAM”) nor any GSAM-managed or GSAM-subadvised funds have been named in the complaint. Moreover, the SEC complaint does not seek any penalties against them or against any employee who is or has been part of GSAM.

In the view of GS&Co. and GSAM, neither the matters alleged in this or any such similar proceedings nor their eventual resolution are likely to have a material affect on the ability of GS&Co., GSAM or their affiliates to provide services to GSAM-managed or GSAM-subadvised funds. Due to a provision in the law governing the operation of mutual funds, the resolution of the SEC action could, under certain circumstances, result in a situation in which GS&Co., GSAM and their affiliates would be ineligible to serve as an investment adviser, subadviser or principal underwriter for U.S.-registered mutual funds absent an exemption from the SEC. While there is no assurance that such an exemption would be granted, the SEC has granted this type of relief in the past.

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The financial statements contained in the funds’ Annual Report for the fiscal years ended Dec. 31, 2007 or later were audited by the independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, 220 South 6th Street, Suite 1400, Minneapolis, MN 55402-3900. The financial statements for periods ended on or before Dec. 31, 2006 were audited by other auditors. The independent registered public accounting firm also provides other accounting and tax-related services as requested by the funds.

 

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Appendix A

DESCRIPTION OF RATINGS

Standard & Poor’s Long-Term Debt Ratings

A Standard & Poor’s corporate or municipal debt rating is a current assessment of the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific obligation. This assessment may take into consideration obligors such as guarantors, insurers, or lessees.

The debt rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell, or hold a security, inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular investor.

The ratings are based on current information furnished by the issuer or obtained by S&P from other sources it considers reliable. S&P does not perform an audit in connection with any rating and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. The ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of such information or based on other circumstances.

The ratings are based, in varying degrees, on the following considerations:

 

   

Likelihood of default capacity and willingness of the obligor as to the timely payment of interest and repayment of principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation.

 

   

Nature of and provisions of the obligation.

 

   

Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights.

Investment Grade

Debt rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. Capacity to pay interest and repay principal is extremely strong.

Debt rated AA has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal and differs from the highest rated issues only in a small degree.

Debt rated A has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal, although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in higher-rated categories.

Debt rated BBB is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category than in higher-rated categories.

Speculative Grade

Debt rated BB, B, CCC, CC, and C is regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

Debt rated BB has less near-term vulnerability to default than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions that could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal payments. The BB rating category also is used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BBB- rating.

 

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Debt rated B has a greater vulnerability to default but currently has the capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal. The B rating category also is used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BB or BB- rating.

Debt rated CCC has a currently identifiable vulnerability to default and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet timely payment of interest and repayment of principal. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, it is not likely to have the capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The CCC rating category also is used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied B or B- rating.

Debt rated CC typically is applied to debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied CCC rating.

Debt rated C typically is applied to debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied CCC rating. The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed, but debt service payments are continued.

The rating CI is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is being paid.

Debt rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due, even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition if debt service payments are jeopardized.

Moody’s Long-Term Debt Ratings

Aaa – Bonds that are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk. Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

Aa – Bonds that are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present that make the long-term risk appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.

A – Bonds that are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper-medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present that suggest a susceptibility to impairment some time in the future.

Baa – Bonds that are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations (i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

Ba – Bonds that are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements — their future cannot be considered as well-assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate, and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

B – Bonds that are rated B generally lack characteristics of a desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

Caa – Bonds that are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

 

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Ca – Bonds that are rated Ca represent obligations that are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

C – Bonds that are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds, and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

Fitch’s Long-Term Debt Ratings

Fitch’s bond ratings provide a guide to investors in determining the credit risk associated with a particular security. The ratings represent Fitch’s assessment of the issuer’s ability to meet the obligations of a specific debt issue in a timely manner.

The rating takes into consideration special features of the issue, its relationship to other obligations of the issuer, the current and prospective financial condition and operating performance of the issuer and any guarantor, as well as the economic and political environment that might affect the issuer’s future financial strength and credit quality.

Fitch ratings do not reflect any credit enhancement that may be provided by insurance policies or financial guaranties unless otherwise indicated.

Fitch ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell or hold any security. Ratings do not comment on the adequacy of market price, the suitability of any security for a particular investor, or the tax-exempt nature of taxability of payments made in respect of any security.

Fitch ratings are based on information obtained from issuers, other obligors, underwriters, their experts, and other sources Fitch believes to be reliable. Fitch does not audit or verify the truth or accuracy of such information. Ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or the unavailability of, information or for other reasons.

Investment Grade

AAA: Bonds considered to be investment grade and of the highest credit quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong ability to pay interest and repay principal, which is unlikely to be affected by reasonably foreseeable events.

AA: Bonds considered to be investment grade and of very high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is very strong, although not quite as strong as bonds rated AAA. Because bonds rated in the AAA and AA categories are not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable future developments, short-term debt of these issuers is generally rated F-1+.

A: Bonds considered to be investment grade and of high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be strong, but may be more vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances than bonds with higher ratings.

BBB: Bonds considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be adequate. Adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances, however, are more likely to have adverse impact on these bonds and, therefore, impair timely payment. The likelihood that the ratings of these bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than for bonds with higher ratings.

Speculative Grade

BB: Bonds are considered speculative. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal may be affected over time by adverse economic changes. However, business and financial alternatives can be identified, which could assist the obligor in satisfying its debt service requirements.

B: Bonds are considered highly speculative. While bonds in this class are currently meeting debt service requirements, the probability of continued timely payment of principal and interest reflects the obligor’s limited margin of safety and the need for reasonable business and economic activity throughout the life of the issue.

 

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CCC: Bonds have certain identifiable characteristics that, if not remedied, may lead to default. The ability to meet obligations requires an advantageous business and economic environment.

CC: Bonds are minimally protected. Default in payment of interest and/or principal seems probable over time.

C: Bonds are in imminent default in payment of interest or principal.

DDD, DD, and D: Bonds are in default on interest and/or principal payments. Such bonds are extremely speculative and should be valued on the basis of their ultimate recovery value in liquidation or reorganization of the obligor. DDD represents the highest potential for recovery on these bonds, and D represents the lowest potential for recovery.

SHORT-TERM RATINGS

Standard & Poor’s Commercial Paper Ratings

A Standard & Poor’s commercial paper rating is a current assessment of the likelihood of timely payment of debt considered short-term in the relevant market.

Ratings are graded into several categories, ranging from A-1 for the highest quality obligations to D for the lowest. These categories are as follows:

 

A-1 This highest category indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is strong. Those issues determined to possess extremely strong safety characteristics are denoted with a plus sign (+) designation.

 

A-2 Capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is satisfactory. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues designated A-1.

 

A-3 Issues carrying this designation have adequate capacity for timely payment. They are, however, more vulnerable to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.

 

B Issues are regarded as having only speculative capacity for timely payment.

 

C This rating is assigned to short-term debt obligations with doubtful capacity for payment.

 

D Debt rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due, even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made during such grace period.

Standard & Poor’s Muni Bond and Note Ratings

An S&P municipal bond or note rating reflects the liquidity factors and market-access risks unique to these instruments. Notes maturing in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating.

Note rating symbols and definitions are as follows:

 

SP-1 Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Issues determined to possess very strong characteristics are given a plus (+) designation.

 

SP-2 Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.

 

SP-3 Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

 

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Municipal bond rating symbols and definitions are as follows:

Standard & Poor’s rating SP-1 indicates very strong or strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety characteristics will be given a plus (+) designation.

Standard & Poor’s rating SP-2 indicates satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest.

Standard & Poor’s rating SP-3 indicates speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

Moody’s Short-Term Ratings

Moody’s short-term debt ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to repay punctually senior debt obligations. These obligations have an original maturity not exceeding one year, unless explicitly noted.

Moody’s employs the following three designations, all judged to be investment grade, to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:

Issuers rated Prime-l (or supporting institutions) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-l repayment ability will often be evidenced by many of the following characteristics: (i) leading market positions in well-established industries, (ii) high rates of return on funds employed, (iii) conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection, (iv) broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation, and (v) well established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above, but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.

Issuers rated Prime-3 (or supporting institutions) have an acceptable ability for repayment of senior short-term obligations. The effect of industry characteristics and market compositions may be more pronounced. Variability in earnings and profitability may result in changes in the level of debt protection measurements and may require relatively high financial leverage. Adequate alternate liquidity is maintained.

Issuers rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

Moody’s Short-Term Muni Bonds and Notes

Short-term municipal bonds and notes are rated by Moody’s. The ratings reflect the liquidity concerns and market access risks unique to notes.

Moody’s MIG 1/VMIG 1 indicates the best quality. There is present strong protection by established cash flows, superior liquidity support or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

Moody’s MIG 2/VMIG 2 indicates high quality. Margins of protection are ample although not so large as in the preceding group.

Moody’s MIG 3/VMIG 3 indicates favorable quality. All security elements are accounted for but there is lacking the undeniable strength of the preceding grades. Liquidity and cash flow protection may be narrow and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well established.

Moody’s MIG 4/VMIG 4 indicates adequate quality. Protection commonly regarded as required of an investment security is present and although not distinctly or predominantly speculative, there is specific risk.

 

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Fitch’s Short-Term Ratings

Fitch’s short-term ratings apply to debt obligations that are payable on demand or have original maturities of generally up to three years, including commercial paper, certificates of deposit, medium-term notes, and municipal and investment notes. The short-term rating places greater emphasis than a long-term rating on the existence of liquidity necessary to meet the issuer’s obligations in a timely manner.

Fitch short-term ratings are as follows:

F-1+: Exceptionally Strong Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating are regarded as having the strongest degree of assurance for timely payment.

F-1: Very Strong Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating reflect an assurance of timely payment only slightly less in degree than issues rated F-1+.

F-2: Good Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating have a satisfactory degree of assurance for timely payment, but the margin of safety is not as great as for issues assigned F-1+ and F-1 ratings.

F-3: Fair Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating have characteristics suggesting that the degree of assurance for timely payment is adequate, however, near-term adverse changes could cause these securities to be rated below investment grade.

F-S: Weak Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating have characteristics suggesting a minimal degree of assurance for timely payment and are vulnerable to near-term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

D: Default. Issues assigned this rating are in actual or imminent payment default.

 

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Appendix B

S&P 500 Index Fund

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE S&P 500 INDEX

The Fund is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by S&P. S&P makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the shareholders of the Fund or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Fund particularly or the ability of the S&P 500 Index to track general stock market performance. S&P’s only relationship to the Fund is the licensing of certain trademarks and trade names of S&P and of the S&P 500 Index, which are determined, composed and calculated by S&P without regard to the Fund. S&P has no obligation to take the needs of the Fund or its shareholders into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the S&P 500 Index. S&P is not responsible for and has not participated in the determination of the prices and amount of the Fund or the timing of the issuance or sale of the Fund or in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the Fund’s shares are to be converted into cash. S&P has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of Fund shares.

S&P DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE S&P 500 INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN (THE S&P INDEX) AND S&P SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN. S&P MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY THE FUND, ITS SHAREHOLDERS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE S&P INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. S&P MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE S&P INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL S&P HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS), EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

S-6466-20 AE (5/10)

 

B-1


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Appendix B—Statement of Additional Information of Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

 

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COLUMBIA FUNDS VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST I

Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series

Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series

Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series

(the “Funds”)

Supplement dated November 1, 2010 to

the Funds’ Statement of Additional Information dated April 29, 2010, as supplemented

Effective November 1, 2010, Coralie Witter, CFA, serves as co-manager of the Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series and Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series. She co-manages the Funds with Thomas F. Marsico and A. Douglas Rao, who currently serve as co-managers of the Funds.

Also effective November 1, 2010, Munish Malhotra, CFA, serves as co-manager of the Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series. He co-manages the Fund with James G. Gendelman, who currently serves as the portfolio manager of the Fund.

Portfolio Manager Information. The following changes are made to the section entitled “Investment Advisory and Other Services – The Sub-Advisor(s) and Investment Sub-Advisory Services” in the Funds’ SAI:

 

   

The table in the sub-section titled “Marsico – Marsico Portfolio Manager(s)” is replaced in its entirety with the following:

 

Portfolio Manager

 

Fund(s)

James G. Gendelman

  Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

Corydon J. Gilchrist

  Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

Thomas F. Marsico

 

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

Marsico Growth Fund VS

Munish Malhotra

  Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

A. Douglas Rao

 

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

Marsico Growth Fund VS

Coralie Witter

 

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

Marsico Growth Fund VS

 

   

The table titled “Other Accounts Managed by the Marsico Portfolio Manager(s)” is modified by adding the following rows:

 

Portfolio Manager

   Other SEC-registered  open-
end and closed-end funds*
     Other pooled investment
vehicles*
     Other accounts*  
   Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets  

Munish Malhotra

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Coralie Witter(1)

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Coralie Witter(2)

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

 

* Information is provided as of October 31, 2010.


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1

“Other SEC-registered open-end and closed-end funds” represents funds other than Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series.

2

“Other SEC-registered open-end and closed-end funds” represents funds other than Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series.

 

   

The table titled “Other Accounts Managed by Marsico Portfolio Manager(s) for which the Advisory Fee is Based on Performance” is modified by adding the following rows:

 

Portfolio Managers

   Other SEC-
registered  open-end
and closed-end funds*
     Other pooled
investment  vehicles*
     Other accounts*  
   Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets  

Munish Malhotra

     0       $  0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Coralie Witter

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

 

* Information is provided as of October 31, 2010.

 

   

The table in the titled “Marsico Portfolio Manager Ownership of the Funds as of December 31, 2009” is modified by adding the following rows:

 

Portfolio Manager

  

Fund

  

Dollar Range of Equity Securities

in the Fund Beneficially Owned*

Munish Malhotra

   Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS    None

Coralie Witter

   Marsico Growth Fund VS    None

Coralie Witter

   Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS    None

 

* Information is provided as of October 31, 2010.

Shareholders should retain this Supplement for future reference.

C-6513-2A (11/10)


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COLUMBIA FUNDS VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST I

Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series

(the “Fund”)

Supplement dated October 27, 2010 to

the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information dated April 29, 2010

Effective at the open of business on October 27, 2010 (the “Effective Date”), MacKay Shields LLC (“MacKay Shields”) will no longer serve as the subadviser to the Fund. On the Effective Date, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC, the Fund’s investment adviser, will assume day-to-day management responsibility for the Fund’s assets.

1. Glossary. In the section entitled “Glossary”, the definition of MacKay Shields is replaced in its entirety with the following:

MacKay Shields LLC, formerly the investment subadviser to High Yield Fund VS

2. Portfolio Manager Information. On the Effective Date the following changes are made to the section entitled “Investment Advisory and Other Services—The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services”:

 

   

The table in the sub-section entitled “—Portfolio Manager(s) of the Advisor” is modified by adding the following row:

 

Portfolio Manager

  

Fund

Brian Lavin, CFA    High Yield Fund VS

 

   

The following is added as the last paragraph under the heading “Investment Advisory and Other Services—The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services—Portfolio Manager(s)—Compensation—Compensation of Legacy RiverSource Investments Portfolio Managers”:

For Mr. Lavin, the annual cash bonus is paid from a team bonus pool that is based on the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio management team, which might include mutual funds, wrap accounts, institutional portfolios and hedge funds. The bonus pool is determined by the aggregate market competitive bonus targets for the teams of which the portfolio manager is a member and by the short-term (typically one-year) and long-term (typically three-year) performance of those accounts in relation to applicable benchmarks or the relevant peer group universe. Senior management of the Adviser has the discretion to increase or decrease the size of the part of the bonus pool and to determine the exact amount of each portfolio manager’s bonus paid from this portion of the bonus pool based on his/her performance as an employee. Certain investment personnel are also eligible to defer a portion of their compensation. An individual making this type of election can allocate the deferral to the returns associated with one or more products they manage or support or to certain other products managed by their investment team.

 

   

The following is added to the sub-section entitled “Investment Advisory and Other Services—The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services—Portfolio Manager(s)—Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers”:

 

Fund

   Portfolio Manager     Number
and Type of
Account*
   Approximate
Total Net Assets
     Performance
Based
Accounts
     Dollar Range  of
Equity

Securities in the
Fund

Beneficially
Owned
 

High Yield Fund VS

     Brian Lavin,  CFA x    13 RICs    $ 10,213 million         None         None   
     1 PIV    $ 10.48 million         
     3 other accounts    $ 684.84 million         


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* RIC refers to a Registered Investment Company; PIV refers to a Pooled Investment Vehicle.
X

Information provided as of August 31, 2010.

3. Other Information Relating to MacKay Shields. Disclosure relating to MacKay Shields is modified to reflect the subadviser’s termination as of the Effective Date. The sections entitled “Investment Advisory and Other Services—The Subadvisor(s) and Investment Subadvisory Services—MacKay Shields—Services Provided”, “—MacKay Shields Portfolio Manager(s)”, “—Compensation”, “—Other Accounts”, “Ownership of Securities”, and “MacKay Shields Portfolio Managers and Potential Conflicts of Interest” are hereby deleted. In addition, MacKay Shields’ Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures are removed from Appendix B.

Shareholders should retain this Supplement for future reference.

C-1531-2A (10/10)


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Shareholders should retain this Supplement for future reference.

COLUMBIA FUNDS VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST I

Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series

Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series

Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund, Variable Series

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series

Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series

Supplement dated August 30, 2010

to the Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) dated April 29, 2010, as supplemented

Effective September 7, 2010, the SAI for the Funds set forth above is supplemented as follows:

The disclosure in the first paragraph of the section entitled Investment Advisory and Other Services – Other Services Provided – The Transfer Agent is replaced with the following, except with respect to the disclosure relating to fees and reimbursements paid to the Previous Transfer Agent:

Columbia Management Investment Services Corp. (formerly, RiverSource Service Corporation) is the transfer agent for the Funds. The Transfer Agent is located at One Financial Center, Boston, MA 02111. Under the Transfer Agency Agreement, the Transfer Agent provides transfer agency, dividend disbursing agency and shareholder servicing agency services to the Funds. Effective September 7, 2010, the Funds pay the Transfer Agent a transfer agency fee at an annual rate of 0.06% of average net assets, payable monthly and, prior to September 7, 2010, paid the Transfer Agent an annual transfer agency fee of $22.36 per account, payable monthly. In addition, prior to September 7, 2010, the Funds reimbursed the Transfer Agent for the fees and expenses the Transfer Agent paid to financial intermediaries that maintained omnibus accounts with the Funds, subject to a cap of up to $22.36 per account for financial intermediaries that sought payment by the Transfer Agent on a per account basis and a cap equal to 0.15% of a Fund’s net assets represented by such an account for financial intermediaries that sought payment by the Transfer Agent based on a percentage of net assets. The Transfer Agent also may retain as additional compensation for its services revenues for fees for wire, telephone and redemption orders, IRA trustee agent fees and account transcripts due the Transfer Agent from Fund shareholders and credits (net of bank charges) earned with respect to balances in accounts the Transfer Agent maintains in connection with its services to the Funds. The fees paid to the Transfer Agent may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval.

The policies and procedures included in APPENDIX B — PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES are deleted and replaced in their entirety with the following:

COLUMBIA MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT ADVISERS, LLC

PROXY VOTING POLICY FOR LEGACY COLUMBIA MANAGEMENT CLIENTS

EFFECTIVE MAY 1, 2010

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (CMIA) has adopted the attached Proxy Voting Policy for purposes of voting proxies of securities held in certain client accounts1, with the following changes:

 

   

References to Columbia Management Advisors, LLC and CMA are deemed to be references to Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC; and

 

   

References to Bank of America Corporation and BAC are deemed to be references to Ameriprise Financial, Inc.

In addition, the text of footnote 1 in the Proxy Voting Policy is hereby deleted and replaced with the following:

Ameriprise Financial, Inc., the corporate parent of Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC, and all of its numerous affiliates own, operate and have interests in many lines of business that may create or give rise


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to the appearance of a conflict of interest between Ameriprise Financial, Inc. or its affiliates and those of clients advised by Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC. For example, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. and its affiliates may have interests with respect to issuers of voting securities that could appear to or even actually conflict with Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC’s duty, in the proxy voting process, to act in the best economic interest of its clients.

 

 

1

On April 30, 2010, Ameriprise Financial, Inc., the parent company of CMIA, acquired from Bank of America, N.A. a portion of the asset management business of Columbia Management Group, LLC, the parent company of Columbia Management Advisors, LLC (“CMA”). In connection with this transaction, CMIA became the investment adviser of certain client accounts previously advised by CMA. CMIA will apply CMA’s Proxy Voting Policy to certain of these and other client accounts

Proxy Voting Policy

 

Last Review Date:       April 2010
Applicable Regulatory Authority:      

Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940

Form N-PX

ERISA Department of Labor Bulletin 08-2

Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc. (SEC No Action

Letter dated September 15, 2004)

Explanation/Summary of Regulatory Requirements

An investment adviser that exercises voting authority over clients’ proxies must adopt written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that those proxies are voted in the best economic interests of clients. An adviser’s policies and procedures must address how the adviser resolves material conflicts of interest between its interests and those of its clients. An investment adviser must comply with certain record keeping and disclosure requirements with respect to its proxy voting responsibilities. In addition, an investment adviser to Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) accounts has an affirmative obligation to vote proxies for an ERISA account, unless the client expressly retains proxy voting authority.

Policy Summary

Columbia Management Advisors, LLC (“CMA”) has adopted and implemented the following policy, which it believes is reasonably designed to: (1) ensure that proxies are voted in the best economic interest of clients; and (2) address material conflicts of interest that may arise. This policy applies primarily to the Global Wealth and Investment Management (“GWIM”) Investment Operations Group, the Investment groups (particularly, Equity and Chief Investment Officer’s Office), as well as to Compliance Risk Management (“CRM”) and Legal. CRM and Business groups to which this policy directly applies must adopt written procedures to implement this Policy.

Policy

All proxies regarding client securities for which CMA has authority to vote will, unless CMA determines in accordance with policies stated below to refrain from voting, be voted in a manner considered by CMA to be in the best interest of CMA’s clients without regard to any resulting benefit or detriment to CMA, its associates, or its affiliates. The best interest of clients is defined for this purpose as the interest of enhancing or protecting the economic value of client accounts, considered as a group rather than individually, as CMA determines in its sole and absolute discretion. In the event a client believes that its other interests require a different vote, CMA will vote as the client clearly instructs, provided CMA receives such instructions in time to act accordingly. Information regarding CMA’s proxy voting decisions is confidential. Therefore, the information may be shared on a need to know basis only, including within CMA and with CMA affiliates. Advisory clients, including mutual funds’ and other funds’ boards, may obtain


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information on how their proxies were voted by CMA. However, CMA will not selectively disclose its investment company clients’ proxy voting records to third parties. Rather, the investment company clients’ proxy records will be disclosed to shareholders by publicly-available annual filings for 12-month periods ending each year on June 30th on Form N-PX.

CMA endeavors to vote, in accordance with this Policy, all proxies of which it becomes aware prior to the vote deadline date, subject to certain general exceptions described below.

CMA seeks to avoid the occurrence of actual or apparent material conflicts of interest in the proxy voting process by voting in accordance with predetermined voting guidelines and observing other procedures that are intended to prevent where practicable and manage conflicts of interest (refer to Conflicts of Interest section below). CMA’s proxy voting policy and practices are summarized in its Form ADV. Additionally, CMA will provide clients with a copy of its policies, as they may be updated from time to time, upon request.

Means of Achieving Compliance

The Proxy Group within GWIM Investment Operations is primarily responsible for overseeing the day-to-day operations of the proxy voting process. The Proxy Group’s monitoring will take into account the following elements: (1) periodic review of the proxy vendor’s votes to ensure that the proxy vendor is accurately voting consistent with CMA’s Voting Guidelines; and (2) review of the Columbia Funds’ fund website to ensure that annual proxy voting reports are posted in a timely and accurate manner. CMA has established a Proxy Committee which is responsible for overseeing the proxy voting process.

The specific responsibilities of the Proxy Committee and scope of its oversight are described in the Proxy Committee’s charter.

CMA’S INVESTMENT ASSOCIATES’ RESPONSIBILITIES

Under CMA’s Voting Guidelines, certain matters must be determined on a case-by-case basis. In general, the Proxy Group within GWIM Investment Operations will refer these matters first to the relevant CMA research analyst after first confirming that the proxy matter does not present a potential conflict to CMA. If there is not a research analyst assigned to the particular security, the matter will be referred to the appropriate portfolio manager.

In considering a particular proxy matter, the research analyst or portfolio manager must vote in the clients’ best interest as defined above. Information regarding CMA’s proxy voting decisions is confidential information. Therefore, research analysts and portfolio managers generally must not discuss proxy votes with any person outside of CMA and within CMA except on a need to know basis only.

Research analysts and portfolio managers must discharge their responsibilities consistent with the obligations set forth below (refer to Management of Conflicts of Interest – Additional Procedures). A research analyst or portfolio manager must disclose in writing any inappropriate attempt to influence their recommendation or any other personal interest that they have with the issuer (see Appendix B – Conflicts of Interest Disclosure and Certification Form). For each Proxy Referral (defined below), the research analyst or portfolio manager is responsible for memorializing their recommendation on the Proxy Voting Recommendation Form (see Appendix C) and communicating their recommendation to the Proxy Group.

Research analysts and portfolio managers should seek advice from CRM or Legal with respect to any questions that they have regarding personal conflicts of interests, communications regarding proxies, or other related matters.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

For purposes of this policy, a material conflict of interest is a relationship or activity engaged in by CMA, a CMA affiliate1, or a CMA associate that creates an incentive (or appearance thereof) to favor the interests of CMA, the affiliate, or associate, rather than the clients’ interests. However, a material conflict of interest is not automatically created when there is a relationship or activity engaged in by a CMA affiliate, but there is a possibility that a CMA affiliate could cause a conflict. CMA may have a conflict of interest if either CMA has a significant business relationship with a company that is soliciting a proxy, or if a CMA associate involved in the proxy voting decision-making process has a significant personal or family relationship with the particular company. A conflict of interest is


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considered to be “material” to the extent that a reasonable person could expect the conflict to influence CMA’s decision on the particular vote at issue. In all cases where there is deemed to be a material conflict of interest, CMA will seek to resolve said conflict in the clients’ best interests.

For those proxy proposals that: (1) are not addressed by CMA’s proxy voting guidelines; (2) the guidelines specify the issue must be evaluated and determined on a case-by-case basis; or (3) a CMA investment associate believes that an exception to the guidelines may be in the best economic interest of CMA’s clients (collectively, “Proxy Referrals”), CMA may vote the proxy, subject to the conflicts of interest procedures set forth below.

In the case of Proxy Referrals, CRM identifies companies with which CMA has a significant business relationships and Proxy Referrals of such companies will be voted consistent with CMA’s conflicts management procedures described below. For Proxy Referrals that do not involve companies with which CMA has a significant business relationship the relevant CMA investment personnel (i.e. research analyst, portfolio manager, members of Proxy Committee) involved in the particular Proxy Referral must report any personal conflict of interest circumstances (e.g., relationships with nominees for directorship, members of an issuer’s or dissident’s management or otherwise, unusual communications with parties outside the investment organization concerning a proxy matter) to Columbia Management’s Conflicts of Interest Officer in writing (see Appendix B). In the event any member of the Proxy Committee has a conflict of interest regarding a given matter, he or she will similarly disclose the circumstance and abstain from participating in the Committee’s determination of whether and/or how to vote in the matter.

 

 

1

Bank of America Corporation (“BAC”), the ultimate corporate parent of CMA, Bank of America, N.A. and all of their numerous affiliates owns, operates and has interests in many lines of business that may create or give rise to the appearance of a conflict of interest between BAC or its affiliates and those of CMA-advised clients. For example, the commercial and investment banking business lines may have interests with respect to issuers of voting securities that could appear to or even actually conflict with CMA’s duty, in the proxy voting process, to act in the best economic interest of its clients.

If the Proxy Committee, the Chairperson of the Proxy Committee, or the Conflicts Officer determines that a proxy matter presents a material conflict of interest, or a material conflict of interest is otherwise determined to exist through the application of this Policy, CMA will invoke one or more of the following conflict management procedures:

 

   

Causing the proxies to be voted in accordance with the recommendations of an independent third party (which generally will be CMA’s proxy voting agent);

 

   

Causing the proxies to be delegated to a qualified, independent third party, which may include CMA’s proxy voting agent; or

 

   

In unusual cases, with the Client’s consent and upon ample notice, forwarding the proxies to CMA’s clients so that they may vote the proxies directly.

Affiliate Investment Companies and Public Companies

CMA considers (1) proxies solicited by open-end and closed-end investment companies for which CMA or an affiliate serves as an investment adviser or principal underwriter; and (2) proxies solicited by Bank of America Corporation (“BAC”) or other public companies within the BAC organization to present a material conflict of interest for CMA. Consequently, the proxies of such affiliates will be voted following one of the conflict management practices discussed above.

Management of Conflicts of Interest – Additional Procedures

In certain circumstances, CMA follows the proxy guidelines and uses other research services provided by the proxy vendor or another independent third party. CMA reviews its proxy vendor’s conflicts of interest procedures as part of its oversight of the proxy vendor’s services.

CMA and other BAC affiliates have adopted various other policies and procedures that help reinforce this Policy. Please see any associated documents.


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Ownership Limits – Delegation of Proxy Voting to an Independent Third Party

From time to time, CMA may face regulatory or compliance limits on the types or amounts of voting securities that it may purchase or hold for client accounts. Among other limits, federal, state, foreign regulatory restrictions, or company-specific ownership limits may restrict the total percentage of an issuer’s voting securities that CMA can hold for clients (collectively, “Ownership Limits”).

The regulations or company-specific documents governing a number of these Ownership Limits often focus upon holdings in voting securities. As a result, in limited circumstances in order to comply with such Ownership Limits and/or internal policies designed to comply with such limits, CMA may delegate proxy voting in certain issuers to a qualified, independent third party, who may be CMA’s proxy voting agent.

PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES

A. CMA’s Proxy Voting Guidelines – General Practices.

The Proxy Committee has adopted the guidelines for voting proxies specified in Appendix A of this policy. CMA uses an independent, third-party proxy vendor to implement its proxy voting process as CMA’s proxy voting agent. In general, whenever a vote is solicited, the proxy vendor will execute the vote according to CMA’s Voting Guidelines.

B. Ability to Vote Proxies Other than as Provided by Voting Guidelines.

A Portfolio Manager or other party involved with a client’s account may conclude that the best interest of the firm’s client, as defined above, requires that a proxy be voted in a manner that differs from the predetermined proxy Voting Guidelines. In this situation, he or she will request in writing that the Proxy Committee consider voting the proxy other than according to such Guidelines and provide information as the Proxy Committee may request. The Proxy Committee may consider the matter, subject to the conflicts of interest procedures discussed above.

C. Other Proxy Matters

For the following categories, proxies will be voted as stated below:

1. New Proposals. For certain new proposals that are expected to be proposed to shareholders of multiple companies, the Proxy Committee may develop a Voting Guideline which will be incorporated into this Policy.

2. Accounts Adhering to Taft Hartley Principles. All proposals for accounts adhering to Taft Hartley principles will be voted according to the Taft Hartley Guidelines developed by the proxy vendor.

3. Accounts Adhering to Socially Responsible Principles. All proposals for accounts adhering to socially responsible principles will be voted according to the Socially Responsible Guidelines developed by the proxy vendor or as specified by the client.

4. Proxies of International Issuers. In general, CMA will refrain from voting securities in cases where international issuers impose share blocking restrictions. However, in the exceptional circumstances that CMA determines that it would be appropriate to vote such securities, all proposals for these securities will be voted only on the specific instruction of the Proxy Committee and to the extent practicable in accordance with the Voting Guidelines set forth in this Policy. Additionally, proxies will typically not be voted in markets where powers of attorney are required to be executed in order to vote shares.

5. Proxy Referrals for Passive Index Accounts. Proxy Referrals for a security that is held only within a passive index account managed by CMA’s Quantitative Strategies Group and not in any other account within CMA, shall be voted according to the guidelines developed by the proxy vendor or as specified by the client. However, if a security is held within a passive index account managed by CMA’s Quantitative Strategies Group and within another CMA-managed account (including without limitation an account actively managed by CMA’s Quantitative Strategies Group), all proposals, including Proxy Referrals, will be voted in accordance with the Voting Guidelines, subject to the other provisions of this Policy.

6. Proxy Voting for Securities on Loan. CMA generally votes in cases where shares have been loaned from actively managed Columbia Funds as long as the shares have been recalled in a timely manner. However, CMA generally does not vote shares that have been loaned from passively managed Columbia Index Funds.


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Other CMA clients may have their own stock loan programs and may or may not recall their shares for proxy voting.

Supervision

Managers and supervisory personnel are responsible for ensuring that their associates understand and follow this policy and any applicable procedures adopted by the business group to implement the policy. The Proxy Committee has ultimate responsibility for the implementation of this Policy.

Escalation

With the exception of conflicts of interest-related matters, issues arising under this policy should be escalated to the Proxy Committee. Issues involving potential or actual conflicts of interest should be promptly communicated to the Columbia Management Conflicts Officer.

Monitoring/Oversight

CRM and/or Corporate Internal Audit Group perform periodic reviews and assessments of various lines of businesses, including a review of Columbia Management’s compliance with the Proxy Voting Policy.

Recordkeeping

CMA will create and maintain records of each investment company’s proxy record for 12-month periods ended June 30th. CMA will compile the following information for each matter relating to a portfolio security considered at any shareholder meeting during the period covered by the annual report and for which CMA was entitled to vote:

 

   

The name of the issuer of the security;

 

   

The exchange ticker symbol of the portfolio security (if symbol is available through reasonably practicable means);

 

   

The Council on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures number for the portfolio security (if number is available through reasonably practicable means);

 

   

The shareholder meeting date;

 

   

A brief identification of the matter voted on;

 

   

Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a security holder;

 

   

Whether the company cast its vote on the matter;

 

   

How the company cast its vote (e.g., for or against proposal, or abstain; for or withhold regarding the election of directors); and

 

   

Whether the company cast its vote for or against management.

Business groups and support partners are responsible for maintaining all records necessary to evidence compliance with this policy. The records must be properly maintained and readily accessible in order to evidence compliance with this policy.

These records include:

 

Document

 

Responsible Party

Proxy Committee Meeting Minutes and Related Materials   Proxy Group in GWIM Investment Operations
Proxy Vote Recommendation Form and Supporting Materials of Investment Management Personnel Concerning Proxy Decisions and Recommendations (or any other document created by CMA that was material to making a voting decision or that memorializes the basis for   Proxy Group in GWIM Investment Operations


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the voting decision)  
Conflicts of Interest Review Documentation, including Conflicts of Interest Forms   Compliance Risk Management
Client Communications Regarding Proxy Matters   Client Service Group
Copy of Each Applicable Proxy Statement Unless it has been Filed with the SEC and may be Obtained from the SEC’s EDGAR System   Proxy Group in GWIM Investment Operations

Records should be retained for a period of not less than six years plus the current year. Records must be retained in an appropriate office of CM for the first three years.

APPENDIX A – CMA’s Proxy Voting Policy

CMA’S VOTING GUIDELINES

A. The Proxy Committee has adopted the following guidelines for voting proxies:

1. Matters Relating to the Board of Directors/Corporate Governance

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals for the election of directors or for an increase or decrease in the number of directors, provided that no more than one-third of the Board of Directors would, presently or at any time during the previous three-year period, be from management.

However, CMA generally will WITHHOLD votes from pertinent director nominees if:

 

  (i) the board as proposed to be constituted would have more than one-third of its members from management;

 

  (ii) the board does not have audit, nominating, and compensation committees composed solely of directors who qualify as being regarded as “independent,” i.e. having no material relationship, directly or indirectly, with the Company, as CMA’s proxy voting agent may determine (subject to the Proxy Committee’s contrary determination of independence or non-independence);

 

  (iii) the nominee, as a member of the audit committee, permitted the company to incur excessive non-audit fees (as defined below regarding other business matters — ratification of the appointment of auditors);

 

  (iv) a director serves on more than six public company boards;

 

  (v) the CEO serves on more than two public company boards other than the company’s board; or

 

  (vi) CMA generally will vote AGAINST Director nominee of a company who is chief executive officer of another company on whose board the company’s chief executive officer sits (i.e. interlocking executives).

One a CASE-BY-CASE basis, CMA may WITHHOLD votes for a director nominee who has failed to observe good corporate governance practices or, through specific corporate action or inaction (e.g. failing to implement policies for which a majority of shareholders has previously cast votes in favor; served voted for the adoption of a poison pill without approval of shareholders), has demonstrated a disregard for the interests of shareholders.

 

   

Proposals requesting that the board audit, compensation and/or nominating committee be composed solely of independent directors. The Audit Committee must satisfy the independence and experience requirements established by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the New York Stock Exchange, or appropriate local requirements for foreign securities. At least one member of the Audit Committee must qualify as a “financial expert” in accordance with SEC rules.

 

   

Proposals to declassify a board, absent special circumstances that would indicate that shareholder interests are better served by a classified board structure.

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals to separate the role of Chairman of the Board and CEO.


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Proposals that grant or restore shareholder ability to remove directors with or without cause.

 

   

Proposals to permit shareholders to elect directors to fill board vacancies.

 

   

Proposals that encourage directors to own a minimum amount of company stock.

 

   

Proposals to provide or to restore shareholder appraisal rights.

 

   

Proposals for the company to adopt confidential voting.

CMA will generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for majority voting thresholds for director elections unless the company has adopted formal corporate governance principles that present a meaningful alternative to the majority voting standard and/or provides an adequate response to both new nominees as well as incumbent nominees who fail to receive a majority of votes cast.

CMA will generally vote FOR 162(m) bonus plans unless the Proxy Administrator recommends voting against a specific plan, in which case CMA will vote on a CASE- BY- CASE basis.

CMA generally will vote AGAINST:

 

   

Proposals to classify boards, absent special circumstances indicating that shareholder interests would be better served by a classified board structure.

 

   

Proposals that give management the ability to alter the size of the board without shareholder approval.

 

   

Proposals that provide directors may be removed only by supermajority vote.

 

   

Proposals which allow more than one vote per share in the election of directors.

 

   

Proposals that provide that only continuing directors may elect replacements to fill board vacancies.

 

   

Proposals that mandate a minimum amount of company stock that directors must own.

 

   

Proposals to limit the tenure of non-management directors.

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis:

 

   

In contested elections of directors. Proposals to adopt or eliminate cumulative voting.

 

   

CMA generally will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on board approved proposals relating to corporate governance. Such proposals include, but are not limited to:

 

   

Reimbursement of proxy solicitation expenses taking into consideration whether or not CMA was in favor of the dissidents.

 

   

Proxy contest advance notice. CMA generally will vote FOR proposals that allow shareholders to submit proposals as close to the meeting date as possible while allowing for sufficient time for Company response, SEC review, and analysis by other shareholders.

 

   

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis to indemnify directors and officers, and AGAINST proposals to indemnify external auditors.

 

   

CMA will vote FOR the indemnification of internal auditors, unless the costs associated with the approval are not disclosed.

2. Compensation

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

CMA generally will vote FOR management sponsored compensation plans (such as bonus plans, incentive plans, stock option plans, pension and retirement benefits, stock purchase plans or thrift plans) if they are consistent with industry and country standards.

 

   

Proposals requiring that executive severance arrangements be submitted for shareholder ratification.

 

   

Proposals asking a company to expense stock options.

 

   

Proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.


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Employee stock purchase plans that have the following features: (i) the shares purchased under the plan are acquired for no less than 85% of their market value, (ii) the offering period under the plan is 27 months or less, and (iii) dilution is 10% or less.

 

   

Shareholder proposals to adopt a non-binding advisory vote on Executive Compensation (“Say on Pay”).

 

   

CMA recognizes that individual compensation committees are in the best position to determine the optimal design of share based plans. However, CMA generally prefers a greater use of restricted stock in place of stock options due to the greater uncertainty involved with the valuation of stock options at the time of issue.

CMA generally will vote AGAINST:

 

   

Stock option plans that permit issuance of options with an exercise price below the stock’s current market price, or that permit replacing or repricing of out-of-the money options.

 

   

Proposals to authorize the replacement or repricing of out-of-the money options.

 

   

Proposals requesting that plan administrators have advance authority to amend the terms of a plan without detailed disclosure of the specific amendments. When sufficient details are provided on the amendments permitted by the advance authority, CMA will recommend on such proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

 

   

CMA generally is opposed to compensation plans that substantially dilute ownership interest in a company, provide participants with excessive awards, or have objectionable structural features. Specifically, for equity-based plans, if the proposed number of shares authorized for option programs (excluding authorized shares for expired options) exceeds 5% of the average number of shares outstanding for the last 3 years, or exceeds 1% of the average number of shares outstanding for the last 3 years (for directors only), CMA will vote on such proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. CMA requires that management provide substantial justification for the repricing of options.

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis:

 

   

Proposals regarding approval of specific executive severance arrangements.

 

   

Management proposals regarding “Say on Pay” (i.e. non-binding advisory vote on pay).

 

   

Proposals that involve awarding 50% or more of the equity shares of an equity-based compensation plan to the top five or fewer executives.

3. Capitalization

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals to increase the authorized shares for stock dividends, stock splits (and reverse stock splits) or general issuance, unless proposed as an anti-takeover measure or a general issuance proposal increases the authorization by more than 30% without a clear need presented by the company. Proposals for reverse stock splits should include an overall reduction in authorization.

For companies recognizing preemptive rights for existing shareholders, CMA generally will vote FOR general issuance proposals that increase the authorized shares by more than 30%. CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis all such proposals by companies that do not recognize preemptive rights for existing shareholders.

 

   

Proposals for the elimination of authorized but unissued shares or retirement of those shares purchased for sinking fund or treasury stock.

 

   

Proposals to institute/renew open market share repurchase plans in which all shareholders may participate on equal terms.

 

   

Proposals to reduce or change the par value of common stock, provided the number of shares is also changed in order to keep the capital unchanged.

CMA will evaluate on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals regarding:


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Management proposals that allow listed companies to de-list and terminate the registration of their common stock. CMA will determine whether the transaction enhances shareholder value by giving consideration to:

 

   

Whether the company has attained benefits from being publicly traded.

 

   

Cash-out value

 

   

Balanced interests of continuing vs. cashed-out shareholders

 

   

Market reaction to public announcement of transaction

4. Mergers, Restructurings and Other Transactions

CMA will review, on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, business transactions such as mergers, acquisitions, reorganizations, liquidations, spinoffs, buyouts and sale of all or substantially all of a company’s assets.

5. Anti-Takeover Measures

CMA generally will vote AGAINST proposals intended largely to avoid acquisition prior to the occurrence of an actual event or to discourage acquisition by creating a cost constraint. With respect to the following measures, CMA generally will vote as follows:

Poison Pills

 

   

CMA votes FOR shareholder proposals that ask a company to submit its poison pill for shareholder ratification.

 

   

CMA generally votes FOR shareholder proposals to eliminate a poison pill.

 

   

CMA generally votes AGAINST management proposals to ratify a poison pill.

Greenmail

 

   

CMA will vote FOR proposals to adopt anti-greenmail charter or bylaw amendments or to otherwise restrict a company’s ability to make greenmail payments.

Supermajority vote

 

   

CMA will vote AGAINST board-approved proposals to adopt anti-takeover measures such as supermajority voting provisions, issuance of blank check preferred stock, the creation of a separate class of stock with disparate voting rights and charter amendments adopting control share acquisition provisions.

Control Share Acquisition Provisions

 

   

CMA will vote FOR proposals to opt out of control share acquisition statutes.

6. Other Business Matters

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Bylaw amendments giving holders of at least 25% of outstanding common stock the ability to call a special meeting of stockholders.

 

   

Board governance document amendments or other proposals which give the lead independent director the authority to call special meetings of the independent directors at any time.

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals to approve routine business matters such as changing the company’s name and procedural matters relating to the shareholder meeting such as approving the minutes of a prior meeting.

 

   

Proposals to ratify the appointment of auditors, unless any of the following apply in which case CMA will generally vote AGAINST the proposal:


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Credible reason exists to question:

 

   

The auditor’s independence, as determined by applicable regulatory requirements.

 

   

The accuracy or reliability of the auditor’s opinion as to the company’s financial position.

 

   

Fees paid to the auditor or its affiliates for “non-audit” services exceeds 25% of the total fees paid for “audit,” “audit-related” and “tax compliance” and/or “tax return preparation” services, as disclosed in the company’s proxy materials.

 

   

Bylaw or charter changes that are of a housekeeping nature (e.g., updates or corrections).

 

   

Proposals to approve the annual reports and accounts provided the certifications required by the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 have been provided.

CMA generally will vote AGAINST:

 

   

Proposals to eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent or call special meetings.

 

   

Proposals providing management with authority to adjourn an annual or special shareholder meeting absent compelling reasons, or to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws without shareholder approval, or to vote unmarked proxies in favor of management.

 

   

Shareholder proposals to change the date, time or location of the company’s annual meeting of shareholders.

CMA will vote AGAINST:

 

   

Authorization to transact other unidentified substantive (as opposed to procedural) business at a meeting.

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis:

 

   

Proposals to change the location of the company’s state of incorporation. CMA considers whether financial benefits (e.g., reduced fees or taxes) likely to accrue to the company as a result of a reincorporation or other change of domicile outweigh any accompanying material diminution of shareholder rights.

 

   

Proposals on whether and how to vote on “bundled” or otherwise conditioned proposals, depending on the overall economic effects upon shareholders.

CMA generally will ABSTAIN from voting on shareholder proposals predominantly involving social, socio-economic, environmental, political or other similar matters on the basis that their impact on share value can rarely be anticipated with any high degree of confidence. CMA may, on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, vote:

 

   

FOR proposals seeking inquiry and reporting with respect to, rather than cessation or affirmative implementation of, specific policies where the pertinent issue warrants separate communication to shareholders; and

 

   

FOR or AGAINST the latter sort of proposal in light of the relative benefits and detriments (e.g. distraction, costs, other burdens) to share value which may be expected to flow from passage of the proposal.

7. Other Matters Relating to Foreign Issues

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Most stock (scrip) dividend proposals. CMA votes AGAINST proposals that do not allow for a cash option unless management demonstrates that the cash option is harmful to shareholder value.

 

   

Proposals to capitalize the company’s reserves for bonus issues of shares or to increase the par value of shares.

 

   

Proposals to approve control and profit transfer agreements between a parent and its subsidiaries.

 

   

Management proposals seeking the discharge of management and supervisory board members, unless there is concern about the past actions of the company’s auditors/directors and/or legal action is being taken


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against the board by other shareholders.

 

   

Management proposals concerning allocation of income and the distribution of dividends, unless the proxy vendor would vote against such proposal in accordance with its guidelines, in which case CMA will evaluate the proposal on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

 

   

Proposals for the adoption of financing plans if they are in the best economic interests of shareholders.

CMA will generally vote FOR proposals to approve Directors’ Fees, unless the proxy vendor would vote against such proposal in accordance with its guidelines, in which case CMA will evaluate the proposal on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

CMA will evaluate management proposals to approve protective preference shares for Netherlands located company-friendly foundations proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis and will only support resolutions if:

 

   

The supervisory board needs to approve an issuance of shares while the supervisory board is independent within the meaning of CMA’ categorization rules and the Dutch Corporate Governance Code.

 

   

No call/put option agreement exists between the company and the foundation.

 

   

There is a qualifying offer clause or there are annual management and supervisory board elections.

 

   

The issuance authority is for a maximum of 18 months.

 

   

The board of the company-friendly foundation is independent.

 

   

The company has disclosed under what circumstances it expects to make use of the possibility to issue preference shares.

 

   

There are no priority shares or other egregious protective or entrenchment tools.

 

   

The company releases its proxy circular, with details of the poison pill proposal, at least three weeks prior to the meeting.

 

   

Art 2:359c Civil Code of the legislative proposal has been implemented.

8. Investment Company Matters

Election of Directors:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals for the election of directors, considering the following factors:

 

   

Board structure

 

   

Attendance at board and committee meetings.

CMA will WITHHOLD votes from directors who:

 

   

Attend less than 75 percent of the board and committee meetings without a valid excuse for the absences. Valid reasons include illness or absence due to company business. Participation via telephone is acceptable. In addition, if the director missed only one meeting or one day’s meetings, votes should not be withheld even if such absence dropped the director’s attendance below 75 percent.

 

   

Ignore a shareholder proposal that is approved by a majority of shares outstanding;

 

   

Ignore a shareholder proposal this is approved by a majority of the votes cast for two consecutive years;

 

   

Are interested directors and sit on the audit or nominating committee; or

 

   

Are interested directors and the full board serves as the audit or nominating committee or the company does not have one of these committees.

Proxy Contests:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals for proxy contests, considering the following factors:

 

   

Past performance relative to its peers


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Market in which fund invests

 

   

Measures taken by the board to address the pertinent issues (e.g., closed-end fund share market value discount to NAV)

 

   

Past shareholder activism, board activity and votes on related proposals

 

   

Strategy of the incumbents versus the dissidents

 

   

Independence of incumbent directors; director nominees

 

   

Experience and skills of director nominees

 

   

Governance profile of the company

 

   

Evidence of management entrenchment

Converting Closed-end Fund to Open-end Fund:

CMA will vote conversion proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the following factors:

 

   

Past performance as a closed-end fund

 

   

Market in which the fund invests

 

   

Measures taken by the board to address the discount

 

   

Past shareholder activism, board activity, and votes on related proposals.

Investment Advisory Agreements:

CMA will vote investment advisory agreements on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the following factors:

 

   

Proposed and current fee schedules

 

   

Fund category/investment objective

 

   

Performance benchmarks

 

   

Share price performance as compared with peers

 

   

Resulting fees relative to peers

 

   

Assignments (where the adviser undergoes a change of control)

Approving New Classes or Series of Shares:

CMA will vote FOR the establishment of new classes or series of shares.

Preferred Stock Proposals:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals for the authorization for or increase in the preferred shares, considering the following factors:

 

   

Stated specific financing purpose

 

   

Possible dilution for common shares

 

   

Whether the shares can be used for anti-takeover purposes

Policies Addressed by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“1940 Act”):

CMA will vote proposals regarding adoption or changes of policies addressed by the 1940 Act on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the following factors:

 

   

Potential competitiveness

 

   

Regulatory developments

 

   

Current and potential returns

 

   

Current and potential risk


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CMA generally will vote FOR these amendments as long as the proposed changes do not fundamentally alter the investment focus of the fund and do comply with current SEC interpretations.

Changing a Fundamental Restriction to a Non-fundamental Restriction:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to change a fundamental restriction to a non-fundamental restriction, considering the following factors:

 

   

Fund’s target investments

 

   

Reasons given by the fund for the change

 

   

Projected impact of the change on the portfolio

Change Fundamental Investment Objective to Non-fundamental:

CMA will vote AGAINST proposals to change a fund’s investment objective from fundamental to non-fundamental unless management acknowledges meaningful limitations upon its future requested ability to change the objective

Name Change Proposals:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to change a fund’s name, considering the following factors:

 

   

Political/economic changes in the target market

 

   

Consolidation in the target market

 

   

Current asset composition

Change in Fund’s Subclassification:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to change a fund’s subclassification, considering the following factors:

 

   

Potential competitiveness

 

   

Current and potential returns

 

   

Risk of concentration

 

   

Consolidation in target industry

Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis these proposals, considering the following factors:

 

   

Strategies employed to salvage the company

 

   

Past performance of the fund

 

   

Terms of the liquidation

Changes to the Charter Document:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to change the charter document, considering the following factors:

 

   

The degree of change implied by the proposal

 

   

The efficiencies that could result

 

   

The state of incorporation; net effect on shareholder rights

 

   

Regulatory standards and implications

CMA will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals allowing the Board to impose, without shareholder approval, fees payable upon redemption of


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fund shares, provided imposition of such fees is likely to benefit long-term fund investors (e.g., by deterring market timing activity by other fund investors)

 

   

Proposals enabling the Board to amend, without shareholder approval, the fund’s management agreement(s) with its investment adviser(s) or sub-advisers, provided the amendment is not required by applicable law (including the Investment Company Act of 1940) or interpretations thereunder to require such approval

CMA will vote AGAINST:

 

   

Proposals enabling the Board to:

 

   

Change, without shareholder approval the domicile of the fund

 

   

Adopt, without shareholder approval, material amendments of the fund’s declaration of trust or other organizational document

Changing the Domicile of a Fund:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to reincorporate, considering the following factors:

 

   

Regulations of both states

 

   

Required fundamental policies of both states

 

   

The increased flexibility available

Authorizing the Board to Hire and Terminate Subadvisors Without Shareholder Approval:

CMA will vote FOR proposals to enable the Board or Investment Adviser to hire and terminate sub-advisers, without shareholder approval, in accordance with applicable rules or exemptive orders under the Investment Company Act of 1940

Distribution Agreements:

CMA will vote these proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the following factors:

 

   

Fees charged to comparably sized funds with similar objectives

 

   

The proposed distributor’s reputation and past performance

 

   

The competitiveness of the fund in the industry

 

   

Terms of the agreement

Master-Feeder Structure:

CMA will vote FOR the establishment of a master-feeder structure.

Mergers:

CMA will vote merger proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the following factors:

 

   

Resulting fee structure

 

   

Performance of both funds

 

   

Continuity of management personnel

 

   

Changes in corporate governance and their impact on shareholder rights

Shareholder Proposals to Establish Director Ownership Requirement:

CMA will generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals that mandate a specific minimum amount of stock that directors must own in order to qualify as a director or to remain on the board. While CMA favors stockownership on the part of directors, the company should determine the appropriate ownership requirement.


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Shareholder Proposals to Reimburse Shareholder for Expenses Incurred:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses.

Shareholder Proposals to Terminate the Investment Adviser:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to terminate the investment adviser, considering the following factors:

 

   

Performance of the fund’s NAV

 

   

The fund’s history of shareholder relations

 

   

The performance of other funds under the adviser’s management

APPENDIX B

Conflicts of Interest Disclosure and Certification Form

Conflict Review Questionnaire for Proxy Voting Working Group Members and Other Individuals Participating in the Proxy Voting Decision-Making Process.

Instructions: Please complete each of the questions. Please provide an explanation for any affirmative responses. Return the completed questionnaire to Columbia Management Conflicts of Interest Officer.

 

 

 

Issuer and Proxy Matter:

   
   
         
   

 

  1.    Do you or any member of your immediate family have an existing (or potential) business, financial, personal or other relationship with any management personnel of the issuer1?
    

 

    

 

 

2.

   Do you or any member of your immediate family have an existing (or potential) business, financial, personal or other relationship with any person participating, supporting, opposing or otherwise connected with the particular proxy proposal (e.g., principals of the issuer; director nominees of issuer company; shareholder activists)?
    

 

    

 

 

3.

   Have you discussed this particular proxy proposal with anyone outside of Columbia Management’s investment group2?


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1

Personal investing in the issuer by you or a member of your immediate family does not require an affirmative response to this item.

2

Communications with issuer or solicitors in the regular course of business would not have to be disclosed on this form.

 

4.

   Are you aware of any other potential personal conflicts of interest not described above? Please detail below.   
  

 

  
  

 

  

 

Name: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

Signed: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

Date: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

APPENDIX C

CMA Proxy Vote Recommendation/Proxy Committee Request Form

 

Name of Investment Associate:

 

 

 

Company Name:

 

 

 


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Overview of Proxy Vote and Meeting Date:                                                                                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Proxy Agenda Item(s)

Description of Item:                                                                                                                                                                                                                               

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

(The above information will be pre-populated by the Proxy Department.)

Recommendation (FOR, AGAINST, ABSTAIN) including brief rationale:                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Please attach any supporting information other than analysis or reports provided by the Proxy Department.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Signed

By signing, I am certifying that I either have no conflicts of interest-related information to report or have sent a completed “Conflicts of Interest Disclosure and Certification Form” to Compliance Risk Management (Conflicts Officer).

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Send Completed Forms to:

GWIM Investment Operations – Proxy Department

or

In the case of Proxy Votes to be referred to the Proxy Committee, submit this form and materials to the Chair of the Proxy Committee

Shareholders should retain this Supplement for future reference.

C-6512-1 A (8/10)


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COLUMBIA FUNDS VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST

COLUMBIA FUNDS VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST I

(each a “Trust” and, together, the “Trusts”)

Supplement dated May 1, 2010


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to the Statements of Additional Information dated April 29, 2010 of the

Following Funds (each a “Fund” and, together, the “Funds”)

 

Series of Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust (the “CFVIT Funds”):  

Series of Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust I

(the “CFVITI Funds”):

Columbia Asset Allocation Fund, Variable Series   Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series
Columbia Federal Securities Fund, Variable Series   Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series
Columbia International Fund, Variable Series   Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund, Variable Series
Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series   Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series
Columbia Large Cap Value Fund, Variable Series   Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series
Columbia Mid Cap Value Fund, Variable Series   Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series
Columbia Money Market Fund, Variable Series  
Columbia S&P 500® Index Fund, Variable Series  
Columbia Select Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series  
Columbia Small Cap Value Fund, Variable Series  
Columbia Small Company Growth Fund, Variable Series  
Columbia Strategic Income Fund, Variable Series  
Columbia Value and Restructuring Fund, Variable Series  

As previously reported, on September 29, 2009, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (“Ameriprise Financial”) entered into an agreement with Bank of America, N.A. (“Bank of America”) to acquire a portion of the asset management business of Columbia Management Group, LLC (the “Transaction”), including the business of managing the Funds. In connection with the closing of the Transaction, which occurred on April 30, 2010, certain changes occurred, including a change in the entities that serve as investment advisor, administrator, distributor and transfer agent of the Funds. Accordingly, effective as of the date of this supplement, the Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) for each Fund is hereby supplemented as follows:

 

1. Change of Advisor and Administrator. Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly, RiverSource Investments, LLC) (the “New Advisor”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, is the investment advisor and administrator of the Funds.

 

   

References to the Advisor and Administrator in each SAI are deemed to be references to the New Advisor, except for references relating to matters that occurred prior to the date of this supplement, such as payments previously made to Columbia Management Advisors, LLC as adviser (the “Previous Advisor”) or as administrator (the “Previous Administrator”).

 

   

Each Trust has entered into an Administrative Services Agreement with the New Advisor, under which the New Advisor will provide all of the services and facilities that are necessary for, or appropriate to, the business and effective operation of each Fund that are not (a) provided by employees or other agents engaged by such Fund or (b) required to be provided by any person pursuant to any other agreement or arrangement with such Fund. It is expected that the services rendered by the New Advisor under this Agreement will be generally similar to the services rendered by the Previous Administrator under the Trust’s Administration Agreement with the Previous Administrator in effect prior to May 1, 2010, as described in each SAI.

 

2. Change of Distributor. Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly, RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) (the “New Distributor”), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, is the distributor of the Funds. The New Distributor is located at One Financial Center, Boston, MA 02111.

 

   

References to the Distributor in each SAI are deemed to be references to the New Distributor, except for references relating to matters that occurred prior to the date of this supplement, such as payments previously made to Columbia Management Distributors, Inc. (the “Previous Distributor”).

 

   

Each Trust has entered into a Distribution Agreement with the New Distributor that is substantially


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identical to the Distribution Agreement with the Previous Distributor in effect prior to May 1, 2010, as described in each SAI.

 

3. Change of Transfer Agent. Columbia Management Investment Services Corp. (formerly, RiverSource Service Corporation) (the “New Transfer Agent”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, is the transfer agent of the Funds. The New Transfer Agent is located at One Financial Center, Boston, MA 02111.

 

   

References to the Transfer Agent in each SAI are deemed to be references to the New Transfer Agent, except for references relating to matters that occurred prior to the date of this supplement, such as payments previously made to Columbia Management Services, Inc. (the “Previous Transfer Agent”).

 

   

Each Trust has entered into a Transfer Agency Agreement with the New Transfer Agent that is substantially identical to the Transfer Agency Agreement with the Previous Transfer Agent in effect prior to May 1, 2010, as described in each SAI.

 

4. Disclosure of Portfolio Information. The section of each SAI entitled About the Funds’ Investments – Disclosure of Portfolio Information – Public Disclosures is hereby modified by deleting the text from the third bulleted paragraph and replacing it in its entirety with the following:

For fixed-income funds, a complete list of portfolio holdings as of a calendar quarter-end is posted approximately 30 calendar days after such quarter-end.

 

5. Investment Advisory and Other Services – The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services. The section of each SAI entitled Investment Advisory and Other Services – The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services is hereby modified as follows:

 

   

The paragraph under The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services is hereby deleted and replaced in its entirety with the following:

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly, RiverSource Investments, LLC) (the Advisor) is the investment advisor and administrator of the Funds. The Advisor is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (Ameriprise Financial). Ameriprise Financial is located at 1099 Ameriprise Financial Center, Minneapolis, MN 55474. The Advisor is located at 100 Federal Street, Boston, MA 02110. Prior to May 1, 2010, Columbia Management Advisors, LLC (the Previous Advisor), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bank of America, was the Funds’ investment advisor.

 

   

The text of each SAI under Investment Advisory and Other Services – The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services – Services Provided is hereby deleted and replaced in its entirety with the following:

Under the Investment Advisory Agreements, the Advisor has contracted to furnish each Fund with investment research and advice. For these services, each Fund pays a monthly fee to the Advisor based on the average of the daily closing value of the total net assets of each Fund for such month. Under the Investment Advisory Agreements, any liability of the Advisor to the Trust, a Fund and/or its shareholders is limited to situations involving the Advisor’s own willful misfeasance, bad faith, negligence or reckless disregard of its duties.

The Investment Advisory Agreements may be terminated with respect to a Fund at any time on 60 days’ written notice by the Advisor or by the Trustees of the Trust or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The Investment Advisory Agreements will automatically terminate upon any assignment thereof and shall continue in effect for two years from May 1, 2010 and thereafter shall continue from year to year only so long as such continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the Trustees of the Trust or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund and (ii) by vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of the Advisor or the Trust, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.

The Advisor pays all compensation of the Trustees and officers of the Trust who are employees of the Advisor, except for the Chief Compliance Officer, a portion of whose salary is paid by the Columbia Funds. Except to the extent expressly assumed by the Advisor and except to the extent required by law to be paid or reimbursed by the Advisor, the Advisor does not have a duty to pay any Fund operating expense incurred in the organization and operation of the Fund, including, but not limited to, auditing,


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legal, custodial, investor servicing and shareholder reporting expenses. The Trust pays the cost of printing and mailing Fund prospectuses to shareholders.

The Advisor, at its own expense, provides office space, facilities and supplies, equipment and personnel for the performance of its functions under each Fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement.

 

   

References in the CFVIT Funds’ SAI to Jonathon P. Carlson, Kevin L. Cronk, Paul J. DiGiacomo, Daniele M. Donahue, Jasmine Huang, Jon Michael Morgan, Daisuke Nomoto, Christian Pineno and Roger R. Sullivan are hereby deleted. In addition, the table in the CFVIT Funds’ SAI under Investment Advisory and Other Services – The

Advisor and Investment Advisory Services – Portfolio Manager(s) –Portfolio Manager(s) of the Advisor is hereby modified by removing from the table information relating to the portfolio managers of Columbia Federal Securities Fund, Variable Series, Columbia Strategic Income Fund, Variable Series, Columbia Asset Allocation Fund, Variable Series, Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series, Columbia Small Company Growth Fund, Variable Series and Columbia International Fund, Variable Series and replacing it with the following:

 

Portfolio Manager

  

Fund

Anwiti Bahuguna    Asset Allocation Fund VS
Kent M. Bergene    Asset Allocation Fund VS
Jason J. Callan    Federal Securities Fund VS
Wayne M. Collette    Small Company Growth Fund VS
Fred Copper    International Fund VS
Peter R. Deininger    Large Cap Growth Fund VS
Tom Heuer    Federal Securities Fund VS
David Joy    Asset Allocation Fund VS
Lawrence W. Lin    Small Company Growth Fund VS
Colin J. Lundgren   

Federal Securities Fund VS

Strategic Income Fund VS

George Meyers    Small Company Growth Fund VS
Colin Moore    Asset Allocation Fund VS
Brian D. Neigut    Small Company Growth Fund VS
Laura A. Ostrander    Strategic Income Fund VS
Kent M. Peterson    Asset Allocation Fund VS
Marie M. Schofield    Asset Allocation Fund VS
Scott Schroepfer    Strategic Income Fund VS
Gene R. Tannuzzo    Strategic Income Fund VS
John T. Wilson    Large Cap Growth Fund VS

 

   

The text of the section of the CFVIT Funds’ SAI entitled Investment Advisory and Other Services – The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services – Portfolio Manager(s) – Compensation is deleted and replaced in its entirety with the following:

Compensation

Compensation of Legacy Columbia Management Advisors, LLC Portfolio Managers

This section describes the compensation structure of the portfolio managers who were associates of the Previous Advisor prior to May 1, 2010.

Compensation for these portfolio managers is typically paid in the form of salary, bonus, stock options, restricted stock and notional investments through an incentive plan, the value of which is measured by reference to the performance of the Columbia Funds in which the account is invested. The bonus for these portfolio managers is variable and generally is based on (1) an evaluation of the portfolio manager’s investment performance and (2) the results of a peer and/or management review of the portfolio manager, which takes into account skills and attributes such as team participation, investment


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process, communication and professionalism. In evaluating investment performance, the Advisor generally considers the one, three and five year performance of mutual funds and other accounts managed by the portfolio manager relative to the benchmarks and peer groups noted below, emphasizing the portfolio manager’s three and five year performance. The Advisor also may consider a portfolio manager’s performance in managing client assets in sectors and industries assigned to the portfolio manager as part of his/her investment team responsibilities, when applicable. For portfolio managers who also have group management responsibilities, another factor in their evaluation is an assessment of the group’s overall investment performance.

Compensation of Legacy RiverSource Investments Portfolio Managers

This section describes the compensation structure of the portfolio managers who were associates of RiverSource Investments, LLC (now known as Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC) prior to May 1, 2010. Compensation for these portfolio managers is typically comprised of (i) a base salary, and (ii) an annual cash bonus, a portion of which may be subject to a mandatory deferral program, and may include (iii) an equity incentive award in the form of stock options and/or restricted stock. The Advisor’s portfolio managers are provided with a benefits package, including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in a company 401(k) plan, comparable to that received by other Advisor employees. Depending upon their job level, Advisor portfolio managers may also be eligible for other benefits or perquisites that are available to all Advisor employees at the same job level. Additional information about the compensation structure for each of these portfolio managers is set forth below.

Compensation – Messrs. Callan, Heuer, Lundgren, Schroepfter and Tannuzzo. The annual cash bonus is paid from a team bonus pool that is based on the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio management team, which might include mutual funds, wrap accounts, institutional portfolios and hedge funds. The bonus pool is determined by the aggregate market competitive bonus targets for the teams of which the portfolio manager is a member and by the short-term (typically one-year) and long-term (typically three-year) performance of those accounts in relation to applicable benchmarks or the relevant peer group universe. Senior management of the Advisor has the discretion to increase or decrease the size of the part of the bonus pool and to determine the exact amount of each portfolio manager’s bonus paid from this portion of the bonus pool based on his/her performance as an employee. Certain investment personnel are also eligible to defer a portion of their compensation. An individual making this type of election can allocate the deferral to the returns associated with one or more products they manage or support or to certain other products managed by their investment team.

Compensation – Messrs. Bergene and Joy. The annual cash bonus is based on management’s assessment of the employee’s performance relative to individual and business unit goals and objectives. For Mr. Joy the assessment may be based, in part, on achieving certain investment performance goals and retaining and attracting assets under management, and for Mr. Bergene, on developing competitive products, managing existing products, and selecting and monitoring subadvisers for funds. In addition, subject to certain vesting requirements, the compensation of Mr. Joy includes an annual award based on the performance of Ameriprise Financial over rolling three-year periods. This program has been discontinued and the final award under this plan covers the three-year period that started in January 2007 and ended in December 2009.

 

   

The following table is added to the CFVIT Funds’ SAI under Investment Advisory and Other Services – The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services – Portfolio Manager(s) – Performance Benchmarks:

 

Portfolio Manager/Fund(s)

  

Primary Benchmark

  

Peer Group

Peter R. Deininger/Large Cap Growth Fund VS    Russell 1000 Growth Index    Lipper Large Cap Growth Funds Variable Underlying Funds (VUF) Classification
Wayne M. Collette/Small Company Growth Fund VS    Russell 2000 Growth Index    Lipper Small-Cap Growth Funds Variable Underlying Funds (VUF) Classification


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George Myers/Small Company Growth Fund VS    Russell 2000 Growth Index    Lipper Small-Cap Growth Funds Variable Underlying Funds (VUF) Classification
Lawrence W. Lin/Small Company Growth Fund VS    Russell 2000 Growth Index    Lipper Small-Cap Growth Funds Variable Underlying Funds (VUF) Classification
Brian D. Neigut/Small Company Growth Fund VS    Russell 2000 Growth Index    Lipper Small-Cap Growth Funds Variable Underlying Funds (VUF) Classification

 

   

The following paragraph is added to the section in the SAI of CFVITI entitled Investment Advisory and Other Services – The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services – Portfolio Manager(s) – Performance Benchmarks following the table of performance benchmarks; and the last paragraph of the section in the SAI of CFVIT entitled Investment Advisory and Other Services – The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services – Portfolio Manager(s) – Performance Benchmarks following the table of performance benchmarks is hereby deleted and replaced in its entirety with the following:

The size of the overall bonus pool each year depends on, among other factors, the levels of compensation generally in the investment management industry (based on market compensation data) and the Advisor’s profitability for the year, which is largely determined by assets under management.

 

   

The following is added to the section of the CFVIT Funds’ SAI entitled Investment Advisory and Other Services – The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services – Portfolio Manager(s) – Other Accounts:

The following table shows the number and assets of other investment accounts (or portions of investment accounts) that the indicated portfolio managers managed, as of March 31, 2010:

 

Portfolio Manager

   Other SEC-registered
open-end and closed-end funds
     Other pooled investment
vehicles
     Other accounts  
   Number
of
accounts
     Assets      Number
of
accounts
     Assets      Number
of
accounts
     Assets  

Kent M. Bergene

     6       $ 4,066,884,460         0       $ 0         8       $ 1,474,623   

Jason J. Callan

     1       $ 191,948,236         0       $ 0         3       $ 344,088   

Wayne M. Collette

     10       $ 2.546 billion         1       $ 125,400,000         114       $ 216,400,000   

Peter R. Deininger

     0       $ 0         1       $ 315,000,000         15       $ 275,000,000   

Tom Heuer

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         2       $ 423,839   

David Joy

     6       $ 4,066,884,460         0       $ 0         6       $ 1,119,094   

Lawrence W. Lin

     7       $ 2.129 billion         1       $ 125,400,000         108       $ 138,800,000   

Colin J. Lundgren

     17       $ 1,589,578,432         0       $ 0         15       $ 203,746,896   

George Meyers

     7       $ 2.129 billion         1       $ 125,400,000         103       $ 138,800,000   

Brian D. Neigut

     7       $ 2.129 billion         1       $ 125,400,000         105       $ 138,600,000   

Scott Schroepfer

     8       $ 13,751,518,965         0       $ 0         5       $ 9,412,360   

Gene R. Tannuzzo

     1       $ 341,480,557         0       $ 0         2       $ 77,587   

The following table shows the number and assets of the above accounts (or portions of such accounts) for which the advisory fee is based on performance, as of March 31, 2010:

 

Portfolio Manager

   Other SEC-registered
open-end and
closed-end funds
     Other pooled investment
vehicles
     Other accounts  
   Number
of
accounts
     Assets      Number
of
accounts
     Assets      Number
of
accounts
     Assets  

Kent M. Bergene

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Jason J. Callan

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Wayne M. Collette

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Peter R. Deininger

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   


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Tom Heuer      0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

David Joy

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Lawrence W. Lin

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Colin J. Lundgren

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

George Meyers

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Brian D. Neigut

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Scott Schroepfer

     3       $ 882,624,360         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Gene R. Tannuzzo

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

None of the portfolio managers listed in the two tables above beneficially owned shares of the Funds they managed as of March 31, 2010.

 

6. Investment Advisory and Other Services – The Sub-Advisor(s) and Sub- Advisory Services.

 

   

The following is added as a subsection of the section of the CFVIT Funds’ SAI entitled Investment Advisory and Other Services:

The Sub-Advisor and Sub-Advisory Services

Nordea Investment Management North America, Inc. (NIMNAI), which is located at 437 Madison Avenue, 22nd Floor, New York, New York 10022, serves as an investment sub-advisor for Asset Allocation Fund VS. NIMNAI, a registered investment advisor since 2001, is an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Nordea Bank AB, one of Scandinavia’s leading financial institutions. NIMNAI’s investment decisions for the Asset Allocation Fund VS are made by an investment team. NIMNAI offers a range of equity investment products and services to institutional clients, including private and public retirement funds, unions, endowments, foundations, and insurance companies, as well as to mutual fund sponsors on a sub-advisory basis.

Under the sub-advisory agreement with the Advisor and the Trust, on behalf of Asset Allocation Fund VS, NIMNAI manages the portion of the Fund’s assets allocated to foreign securities, as determined by the Advisor, in accordance with the investment goal, policies and limitations of the Fund. For the services rendered by NIMNAI under the sub-advisory agreement, the Advisor pays NIMNAI a monthly fee at the annual rate of 0.40% of the average daily net asset value of the portion of the Fund’s assets managed by NIMNAI. Any liability of NIMNAI to the Trust, Asset Allocation Fund VS and/or Asset Allocation Fund VS shareholders is limited to situations involving NIMNAI’s own willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties. In addition to the services provided by NIMNAI to Asset Allocation Fund VS, NIMNAI also provides sub-advisory and other services and facilities to other investment companies.

 

7. References to Bank of America and Affiliates. The New Advisor, New Administrator, New Distributor and New Transfer Agent are subsidiaries of Ameriprise Financial, not of Bank of America. Accordingly, each SAI is modified as follows:

 

   

References to Bank of America and its affiliates shall be deemed to refer to Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates, except for references relating to matters that occurred prior to the date of this supplement and in respect of relationships to the Previous Advisor, Previous Distributor and Previous Transfer Agent.

 

   

In connection with the separation from Bank of America, the third paragraph of Brokerage Allocation and Other Practices – General Brokerage Policy, Brokerage Transactions and Broker Selection are hereby deleted.

 

8. Marketing Support Payments. The second paragraph of the section in each SAI entitled Brokerage Allocation and Other Practices – Additional Financial Intermediary Payments – Marketing Support Payments is hereby deleted and replaced with the following:


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While the financial arrangements vary for each financial intermediary, the marketing support payments to each financial intermediary generally are expected to be between 0.15% and 0.50% on an annual basis for payments based on average net assets of the Funds attributable to the financial intermediary. The Distributor and the Advisor may make payments in materially larger amounts or on a basis materially different from those described above when dealing with certain affiliates of Bank of America. Such increased payments to a Bank of America affiliate may enable the Bank of America affiliate to offset credits that it may provide to customers.

 

9. References to Columbia Money Market Funds. Ameriprise Financial did not acquire the business of managing the money market fund series of BofA Funds Series Trust, which were formerly referred to as the Columbia Money Market Funds (the “Former Columbia Money Market Funds”). The Former Columbia Money Market Funds are neither managed by the New Advisor nor distributed by the New Distributor and are no longer considered to be Columbia Funds.

 

   

References in each SAI to the Former Columbia Money Market Funds are deemed to be references to RiverSource money market funds, except in the sections entitled About the Funds’ Investments – Disclosure of Portfolio Information – Public Disclosures and Ongoing Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Arrangements, for which the references shall be deemed to be references to Columbia Money Market Fund, Variable Series only.

 

10. Officers. The table in each SAI under Fund Governance–The Officers – Officer Biographical Information is hereby deleted and replaced with the table set forth on Schedule 1 hereto.

 

11. Proxy Voting Policy. For voting portfolio securities of the Funds, the New Advisor has adopted the proxy voting policy of the Previous Advisor, which is an Appendix to each SAI. References in the proxy voting policy to the Previous Advisor are deemed to be references to the New Advisor and references to Bank of America are deemed to be references to Ameriprise Financial.

 

12. Legal Proceedings. The following section is added to the end of each SAI:

Information Regarding Pending and Settled Legal Proceedings

In June 2004, an action captioned John E. Gallus et al. v. American Express Financial Corp. and American Express Financial Advisors Inc., was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. The plaintiffs allege that they are investors in several American Express Company (now known as RiverSource) mutual funds and they purport to bring the action derivatively on behalf of those funds under the 1940 Act. The plaintiffs allege that fees allegedly paid to the defendants by the funds for investment advisory and administrative services are excessive. The plaintiffs seek remedies including restitution and rescission of investment advisory and distribution agreements. The plaintiffs voluntarily agreed to transfer this case to the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota (the District Court). In response to defendants’ motion to dismiss the complaint, the District Court dismissed one of plaintiffs’ four claims and granted plaintiffs limited discovery. Defendants moved for summary judgment in April 2007. Summary judgment was granted in the defendants’ favor on July 9, 2007. The plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal with the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals (the Eighth Circuit) on August 8, 2007. On April 8, 2009, the Eighth Circuit reversed summary judgment and remanded to the District Court for further proceedings. On August 6, 2009, defendants filed a writ of certiorari with the U.S. Supreme Court (the Supreme Court), asking the Supreme Court to stay the District Court proceedings while the Supreme Court considered and ruled in a case captioned Jones v. Harris Associates, which involved issues of law similar to those presented in the Gallus case. On March 30, 2010, the Supreme Court issued its ruling in Jones v. Harris Associates, and on April 5, 2010, the Supreme Court vacated the Eighth Circuit’s decision in the Gallus case and remanded the case to the Eighth Circuit for further consideration in light of the Supreme Court’s decision in Jones v. Harris Associates.

In December 2005, without admitting or denying the allegations, American Express Financial Corporation (AEFC, which is now known as Ameriprise Financial), entered into settlement agreements with the SEC and Minnesota Department of Commerce (MDOC) related to market timing activities. As a result, AEFC was censured and ordered to cease and desist from committing or causing any violations of certain provisions of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the 1940 Act, and various Minnesota laws. AEFC agreed to pay disgorgement of $10 million and civil money penalties of $7 million. AEFC


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also agreed to retain an independent distribution consultant to assist in developing a plan for distribution of all disgorgement and civil penalties ordered by the SEC in accordance with various undertakings detailed at http://www.sec.gov/litigation/admin/ia-2451.pdf. Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates have cooperated with the SEC and the MDOC in these legal proceedings.

On November 7, 2008, the Advisor acquired J. & W. Seligman & Co., Inc. (Seligman). In late 2003, Seligman conducted an extensive internal review concerning mutual fund trading practices. Seligman’s review, which covered the period 2001-2003, noted one arrangement that permitted frequent trading in certain open-end registered investment companies managed by Seligman (the Seligman Funds); this arrangement was in the process of being closed down by Seligman before September 2003. Seligman identified three other arrangements that permitted frequent trading, all of which had been terminated by September 2002. In January 2004, Seligman, on a voluntary basis, publicly disclosed these four arrangements to its clients and to shareholders of the Seligman Funds. Seligman also provided information concerning mutual fund trading practices to the SEC and the Office of the Attorney General of the State of New York (NYAG).

In September 2006, the NYAG commenced a civil action in New York State Supreme Court against Seligman, Seligman Advisors, Inc. (which is now known as Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc.), Seligman Data Corp. and Brian T. Zino (collectively, the Seligman Parties), alleging, in substance, that the Seligman Parties permitted various persons to engage in frequent trading and, as a result, the prospectus disclosure used by the registered investment companies then managed by Seligman was and had been misleading. The NYAG included other related claims and also claimed that the fees charged by Seligman to the Seligman Funds were excessive. On March 13, 2009, without admitting or denying any violations of law or wrongdoing, the Seligman Parties entered into a stipulation of settlement with the NYAG and settled the claims made by the NYAG. Under the terms of the settlement, Seligman paid $11.3 million to four Seligman Funds. This settlement resolved all outstanding matters between the Seligman Parties and the NYAG. In addition to the foregoing matter, the New York staff of the SEC indicated in September 2005 that it was considering recommending to the Commissioners of the SEC the instituting of a formal action against Seligman and Seligman Advisors, Inc. relating to frequent trading in the Seligman Funds. Seligman responded to the staff in October 2005 that it believed that any action would be both inappropriate and unnecessary, especially in light of the fact that Seligman had previously resolved the underlying issue with the Independent Directors of the Seligman Funds and made recompense to the affected Seligman Funds. There have been no further developments with the SEC on this matter.

Ameriprise Financial and certain of its affiliates have historically been involved in a number of legal, arbitration and regulatory proceedings, including routine litigation, class actions, and governmental actions, concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of their business activities. Ameriprise Financial believes that the Funds are not currently the subject of, and that neither Ameriprise Financial nor any of its affiliates are the subject of, any pending legal, arbitration or regulatory proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Funds or the ability of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates to perform under their contracts with the Funds. Ameriprise Financial is required to make 10-Q, 10-K and, as necessary, 8-K filings with the SEC on legal and regulatory matters that relate to Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates. Copies of these filings may be obtained by accessing the SEC website at www.sec.gov.

There can be no assurance that these matters, or the adverse publicity associated with them, will not result in increased fund redemptions, reduced sale of fund shares or other adverse consequences to the Funds. Further, although we believe proceedings are not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Funds or the ability of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates to perform under their contracts with the Funds, these proceedings are subject to uncertainties and, as such, we are unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss that may result. An adverse outcome in one or more of these proceedings could result in adverse judgments, settlements, fines, penalties or other relief that could have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition or results of operations of Ameriprise Financial.

Shareholders should retain this Supplement for future reference.


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Schedule 1

 

Name, Year of Birth
and Address

  

Position with
the

Trust

  

Year First
Elected or
Appointed
to Office

  

Principal Occupation(s)

During the Past Five Years

J. Kevin Connaughton (Born 1964)    President (Principal Executive Officer)    2009    Senior Vice President of the Advisor since May 2010; Managing Director of the Previous Advisor from December 2004 until April 2010; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Columbia Funds, from June 2008 to January 2009; Treasurer, Columbia Funds, from October 2003 to May 2008; various other executive officer positions with Columbia Funds and affiliated funds from 2002 to 2006.
Michael G. Clarke (Born 1969)    Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)    2009    Vice President of the Advisor since May 2010; Managing Director of Fund Administration of the Previous Advisor from September 2004 until April 2010; Vice President Fund Administration of the Previous Advisor from June 2002 to September 2004.
Scott R. Plummer (Born 1959)    Senior Vice President, Secretary and Chief Legal Officer    2010    Vice President and Chief Counsel – Asset Management of Ameriprise Financial since 2005; Chief Counsel of RiverSource Distributors, Inc. and Chief Legal Officer and Assistant Secretary, the Advisor since 2006; Chief Counsel of the Distributor since 2008; Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Ameriprise Certificate Company since 2005; Vice President – Asset Management Compliance of Ameriprise Financial, 2004-2005; Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer of USBancorp Asset Management, 2002-2004.
William “Ted” Truscott (Born 1960)    Senior Vice President    2010    Chairman of the Board of the Advisor since May 2010; Chief Executive Officer, U.S. Asset Management & President, Annuities of Ameriprise Financial since May 2010; Director, President and Chief Executive Officer of Ameriprise Certificate Company since 2006; Director of the Distributor since May 2010; Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of RiverSource Distributors, Inc. since 2006 and of RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc. from 2008 to April 2010; President – U.S. Asset Management and Chief Investment Officer of Ameriprise Financial from 2005 to April 2010; President, Chairman of the Board and Chief Investment Officer of the Advisor, from 2001 to April 2010; Senior Vice President – Chief Investment Officer of Ameriprise Financial, from 2001 to 2005.
Colin Moore (Born 1958)    Senior Vice President    2010    Chief Investment Officer of the Advisor since May 2010; Manager, Managing Director and Chief Investment Officer of the Previous Advisor from 2007 until April 2010; Head of Equities of the Previous Advisor from 2002 until September 2007.
Michael A. Jones (Born 1959)    Senior Vice President    2010    President of the Advisor from May 2010; Manager, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Previous Advisor from 2007 to April 2010; Chief Executive Officer, President and Director of the Former Distributor from November 2006 until April 2010; previously,


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         co-president and senior managing director at Robeco Investment Management.

Linda J.

Wondrack

(Born 1964)

  

Senior Vice

President

and Chief

Compliance

Officer

   2007    Head of Asset Management Compliance of Ameriprise Financial, and Chief Compliance Officer of the Advisor and RiverSource Funds, since May 2010; Chief Compliance Officer of the Columbia Funds, since 2007; Director (Columbia Management Group, LLC and Investment Product Group Compliance), Bank of America from June 2005 until April 2010; Director of Corporate Compliance and Conflicts Officer of MFS Investment Management (investment management) from August 2004 to May 2005; Managing Director of Deutsche Asset Management (investment management) prior to August 2004.

Amy Johnson

(Born 1965)

  

Senior Vice

President

   2010    Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the Advisor, since May 2010; Chief Administrative Officer of the Advisor from 2009 until April 2010; Vice President – Asset Management and Trust Company Services of the Advisor, 2006-2009; Vice President – Operations and Compliance of the Advisor, 2004-2006; Director of Product Development – Mutual Funds of Ameriprise Financial, 2001-2004.

Stephen T.

Welsh

(Born 1957)

  

Vice

President

   1996    President and Director of the New Transfer Agent since May 2010; President and Director, Columbia Management Services, Inc. from July 2004 until April 2010; Managing Director, Columbia Management Distributors, Inc. since August 2007; Senior Vice President and Controller, Columbia Management Services, Inc. prior to July 2004.

Joseph F.

DiMaria

(Born 1968)

  

Treasurer

and Chief

Accounting

Officer

   2008    Vice President, Mutual Fund Administration of the Advisor, since May 2010; Director of Fund Administration of the Previous Advisor from January 2006 to April 2010; Head of Tax/Compliance and Assistant Treasurer of the Previous Advisor from November 2004 to December 2005; Director of Trustee Administration of the Previous Advisor (Sarbanes-Oxley) from May 2003 to October 2004.

Marybeth

Pilat

(Born 1968)

  

Deputy

Treasurer

   2010    Vice President, Mutual Fund Administration of the Advisor, since May 2010; Vice President, Investment Operations of Bank of America, from October 2008 to April 2010; Finance Manager, Boston Children’s Hospital from August 2008 to October 2008; Director, Mutual Fund Administration of the Previous Advisor, from May 2007 to July 2008; Vice President, Mutual Fund Valuation of the Previous Advisor, from January 2006 to May 2007; Vice President, Mutual Fund Accounting Oversight of the Previous Advisor prior to January 2006.

Julian Quero

(Born 1967)

  

Deputy

Treasurer

   2003    Vice President of Fund Administration of the Advisor, since May 2010; Senior Tax Manager of the Previous Advisor from August 2006 to April 2010; Senior Compliance Manager of the Previous Advisor from April 2002 to August 2006.

Kathryn

Thompson

(Born 1967)

  

Assistant

Treasurer

   2006    Director, Mutual Fund Accounting Oversight and Treasury of the Advisor, since May 2010; Vice President, Mutual Fund Accounting Oversight of the Previous Advisor from December 2004 to April 2010; Vice President, State Street Corporation (financial services) prior to December 2004.

Paul B. Goucher

(Born 1968)

  

Assistant

Secretary

   2010    Vice President and Chief Counsel of Ameriprise Financial since January 2010; Vice President and Group Counsel of Ameriprise Financial from November 2008 until January 2010; Director, Managing Director and General Counsel of J. & W. Seligman & Co. Incorporated (Seligman)


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         from July 2008 to November 2008 and Managing Director and Associate General Counsel of Seligman from January 2005 to July 2008.

Ryan C.

Larrenaga

(Born 1970)

  

Assistant

Secretary

   2005    Counsel, Ameriprise Financial since May 2010; Assistant General Counsel, Bank of America from March 2005 to April 2010; Associate, Ropes & Gray LLP (law firm) from 1998 to February 2005.

Christopher

O. Petersen

(Born 1970)

  

Assistant

Secretary

   2010    Vice President and Group Counsel of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since January 2010; Group Counsel or Counsel from April 2004 until January 2010; Assistant Secretary of RiverSource Funds since January 2007.


Table of Contents

Columbia Management®

 

   COLUMBIA FUNDS VARIABLE INSURANCE TRUST I
   Class A and Class B Shares
   STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
  

April 29, 2010

  

Equity Funds

  

Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series

  

Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series

  

Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund, Variable Series

  

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

  

International Equity Fund

  

Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series

  

Corporate Bond Fund

  

Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series

This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) is not a prospectus, is not a substitute for reading any prospectus and is intended to be read in conjunction with the Funds’ prospectuses dated April 29, 2010. The most recent annual reports for the Funds, which include the Funds’ audited financial statements dated December 31, 2009, are incorporated by reference into this SAI.

Copies of the Funds’ current prospectuses and annual and semi-annual reports may be obtained without charge by writing Columbia Funds, c/o Columbia Management Services, Inc., P.O. Box 8081, Boston, MA 02266-8081; by calling Columbia Management Services, Inc. at (800) 345.6611; or by contacting the applicable Participating Insurance Company, or the broker/dealers offering certain variable annuity contracts (VA contracts) or variable life insurance policies (VLI policies) issued by the Participating Insurance Company through which shares of the Funds are available.


Table of Contents

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  

SAI PRIMER

     2   

ABOUT THE TRUST

     5   

ABOUT THE FUNDS’ INVESTMENTS

     6   

Certain Investment Activity Limits

     6   

Fundamental and Non-Fundamental Investment Policies

     6   

Permissible Investments and Related Risks

     8   

Permissible Fund Investments

     9   

Borrowings

     39   

Short Sales

     39   

Lending Securities

     41   

Portfolio Turnover

     41   

Disclosure of Portfolio Information

     41   

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES

     46   

The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services

     46   

The Sub-Advisor(s) and Investment Sub-Advisory Services

     50   

The Administrator

     58   

The Principal Underwriter/Distributor

     60   

LOGO

     Other Roles and Relationships of Bank of America and its Affiliates — Certain Conflicts of Interest      61   

Other Services Provided

     65   

Expense Limitations

     66   

Codes of Ethics

     66   

Distribution Plan

     67   

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

     68   

FUND GOVERNANCE

     69   

The Board

     69   

The Officers

     78   

BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES

     80   

General Brokerage Policy, Brokerage Transactions and Broker Selection

     80   

Brokerage Commissions

     82   

Directed Brokerage

     84   

Securities of Regular Broker/Dealers

     84   

Additional Financial Intermediary Payments

     84   

CAPITAL STOCK AND OTHER SECURITIES

     87   

Description of the Trust’s Shares

     87   

PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND PRICING OF SHARES

     90   

Purchase and Redemption

     90   

Offering Price and Valuation

     91   

TAXATION

     93   

CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

     102   

APPENDIX A — DESCRIPTIONS OF SECURITIES RATINGS

     A-1   

APPENDIX B — PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

     B-1   

 


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SAI PRIMER

The SAI is a part of the Funds’ registration statement that is filed with the SEC. The registration statement includes the Funds’ prospectuses, the SAI and certain exhibits. The SAI, and any supplements to it, can be found online by accessing the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

The SAI generally provides additional information about the Funds that is not required to be in the Funds’ prospectuses. The SAI expands discussions of certain matters described in the Funds’ prospectuses and provides certain additional information about the Funds that may be of interest to some investors. Among other things, the SAI provides information about:

 

   

the organization of the Trust;

 

   

the Funds’ investments;

 

   

the Funds’ investment advisor, investment sub-advisor(s) (if any) and other service providers, including roles and relationships of Bank of America and its affiliates, and conflicts of interest;

 

   

the governance of the Funds;

 

   

the Funds’ brokerage practices;

 

   

the share classes offered by the Funds;

 

   

the purchase, redemption and pricing of Fund shares; and

 

   

the application of U.S. federal income tax laws.

Investors may find this information important and helpful. If you have any questions about the Funds, please call Columbia Funds at 800.345.6611 or contact your financial advisor.

Before reading the SAI, you should consult the Glossary below, which defines certain of the terms used in the SAI.

Glossary

 

1933 Act

   Securities Act of 1933, as amended

1934 Act

   Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended

1940 Act

   Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended

Administration Agreement

   The administration agreement between the Trust, on behalf of the Funds, and the Administrator

Administrator

   Columbia Management Advisors, LLC

Advisor

   Columbia Management Advisors, LLC

AMEX

   American Stock Exchange

BAI

   Banc of America Investment Services, Inc.

BANA

   Bank of America, National Association

BAS

   Banc of America Securities LLC

Bank of America

   Bank of America Corporation

BFDS/DST

   Boston Financial Data Services, Inc./DST Systems, Inc.

Board

   The Trust’s Board of Trustees

CMOs

   Collateralized mortgage obligations

Code

   Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended

Codes of Ethics

   The codes of ethics adopted by the Board pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act

 

2


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Columbia Funds Complex

   The mutual fund complex that is comprised of the open-end investment management companies advised by the Advisor or its affiliates and principally underwritten by Columbia Management Distributors, Inc., as that term is defined under Item 17 of Form N-1A
Columbia Funds or Columbia Funds Family    The fund complex that is comprised of the open-end investment management companies advised by the Advisor or its affiliates and principally underwritten by Columbia Management Distributors, Inc.
Custodian or State Street    State Street Bank and Trust Company
Distributor    Columbia Management Distributors, Inc.
Distribution Agreement    The distribution agreement between the Trust, on behalf of the Funds, and the Distributor
Distribution Plan(s)    One or more of the plans adopted by the Board pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for the distribution of the Funds’ shares

FHLMC

   Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
Fitch    Fitch Investors Service, Inc.
FNMA    Federal National Mortgage Association
The Fund(s) or a Fund    One or more of the open-end management investment companies listed on the front cover of this SAI that are series of the Trust
GNMA    Government National Mortgage Association
High Yield Fund VS    Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series
Independent Trustees    The Trustees of the Board who are not “interested persons” of the Funds as defined in the 1940 Act
Interested Trustee    The Trustee of the Board who is an “interested person” of the Funds as defined in the 1940 Act
International/Global Equity Fund(s)    One or more of the international/global equity funds in the Columbia Funds Family
Investment Advisory Agreement    The investment advisory agreement between the Trust, on behalf of the Funds, and the Advisor
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement    The investment sub-advisory agreement among the Trust on behalf of the Fund(s), the Advisor and a Fund’s investment sub-advisor(s), as the context may require
IRS    United States Internal Revenue Service
LIBOR    London Interbank Offered Rate
MacKay Shields    MacKay Shields LLC, the investment sub-advisor to High Yield Fund VS
Marsico    Marsico Capital Management, LLC, the investment sub-advisor to certain of the Funds
Marsico 21st Century Fund VS    Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund, Variable Series
Marsico Growth Fund VS    Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series
Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS    Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series
Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS    Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series

 

3


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Merrill Lynch

   Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.

MLPF&S

   Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
Mid Cap Growth Fund VS    Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series
Moody’s    Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.
NASDAQ    National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations system
NRSRO    Nationally recognized statistical ratings organization (such as Moody’s, Fitch or S&P)
NSCC    National Securities Clearing Corporation
NYSE    New York Stock Exchange
Participating Insurance Companies    Life insurance companies that issue the variable annuity and variable life insurance separate accounts for which the Funds serve as underlying investment vehicles
Principal Underwriter    Columbia Management Distributors, Inc.
REIT    Real estate investment trust
REMIC    Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduit
RIC    A “regulated investment company,” as such term is used in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
S&P    Standard & Poor’s Corporation (“Standard & Poor’s” and “S&P” are trademarks of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. and have been licensed for use by the Advisor. The Columbia Funds are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Standard & Poor’s and Standard & Poor’s makes no representation regarding the advisability of investing in the Columbia Funds).
SAI    This Statement of Additional Information
SEC    United States Securities and Exchange Commission
Selling Agent(s)    One or more of the banks, broker/dealers or other financial institutions that have entered into a sales support agreement with the Distributor
Servicing Agent(s)    One or more of the banks, broker/dealers or other financial institutions that have entered into a shareholder servicing agreement with the Distributor
Transfer Agency Agreement    The transfer agency agreement between the Trust, on behalf of the Funds, and Columbia Management Services, Inc.
Transfer Agent    Columbia Management Services, Inc.
The Trust    Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust I, the registered investment company in the Columbia Funds Family to which this SAI relates
Trustee(s)    One or more of the Board’s Trustees

 

4


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ABOUT THE TRUST

The Trust is a registered investment company under the 1940 Act within the Columbia Funds Family. Columbia Funds offers over 100 mutual funds in all major asset classes, and the Advisor had approximate assets under management of $274.7 billion as of March 31, 2010.

The Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on November 24, 1997. On May 1, 2006, the Trust changed its name from Nations Separate Account Trust to Columbia Funds Variable Insurance Trust I. Prior to May 1, 2001, Nations Separate Account Trust was known as Nations Annuity Trust.

Each of the Funds represents a separate series of the Trust and is an open-end management investment company. Each of the Funds is diversified, with the exception of Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS, which is non-diversified. Each Fund has a fiscal year end of December 31st.

 

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ABOUT THE FUNDS’ INVESTMENTS

The investment objective, principal investment strategies (i.e., as used in this SAI and the corresponding prospectuses, a strategy which generally involves the ability to invest 10% or more of a Fund’s total assets) and related principal investment risks for each Fund are discussed in each Fund’s prospectuses.

Certain Investment Activity Limits

The overall investment and other activities of the Advisor and its affiliates may limit the investment opportunities for each Fund in certain markets where limitations are imposed by regulators upon the amount of investment by affiliated investors, in the aggregate or in individual issuers. From time to time, each Fund’s activities also may be restricted because of regulatory restrictions applicable to the Advisor and its affiliates and/or because of their internal policies. See Investment Advisory and Other Services — Other Roles and Relationships of Bank of America and its Affiliates — Certain Conflicts of Interest.

Fundamental and Non-Fundamental Investment Policies

The following discussion of “fundamental” and “non-fundamental” investment policies and limitations for each Fund supplements the discussion of investment policies in the Funds’ prospectuses. A fundamental policy may be changed only with Board and shareholder approval. A non-fundamental policy may be changed by the Board and does not require shareholder approval, but may require notice to shareholders in certain instances.

Unless otherwise noted, whenever an investment policy or limitation states a maximum percentage of a Fund’s assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or sets forth a policy regarding an investment standard, compliance with such percentage limitation or standard will be determined solely at the time of the Fund’s acquisition of such security or asset. Borrowings and other instruments that may give rise to leverage and the restriction on investing in illiquid securities are monitored on an ongoing basis.

Fundamental Investment Policies

The 1940 Act provides that a “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of a Fund, or (2) 67% or more of the shares present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy. The following fundamental investment policies cannot be changed without such a vote.

Each Fund may not, as a matter of fundamental policy:

1. Underwrite any issue of securities issued by other persons within the meaning of the 1933 Act except when it might be deemed to be an underwriter either: (i) in connection with the disposition of a portfolio security; or (ii) in connection with the purchase of securities directly from the issuer thereof in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective. This restriction shall not limit the Fund’s ability to invest in securities issued by other registered investment companies;

2. Purchase or sell real estate, except a Fund may purchase securities of issuers which deal or invest in real estate and may purchase securities which are secured by real estate or interests in real estate.

3. Purchase or sell commodities, except that a Fund may to the extent consistent with its investment objective, invest in securities of companies that purchase or sell commodities or which invest in such programs, and purchase and sell options, forward contracts, futures contracts, and options on futures contracts. This limitation does not apply to foreign currency transactions including without limitation forward currency contracts.

4. Purchase any securities which would cause 25% or more of the value of its total assets at the time of purchase to be invested in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry, provided that: (i) there is no limitation with respect to obligations issued or guaranteed

 

6


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by the U.S. Government, any state or territory of the United States or any of their agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions; and (ii) notwithstanding this limitation or any other fundamental investment limitation, assets may be invested in the securities of one or more management investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief obtained by the Funds;

5. Make loans, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief;

6. Borrow money or issue senior securities except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any applicable exemptive relief; and

7. Except for Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS, purchase securities (except securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities) of any one issuer if, as a result, more than 5% of its total assets will be invested in the securities of such issuer or it would own more than 10% of the voting securities of such issuer, except that: (i) up to 25% of its total assets may be invested without regard to these limitations; and (ii) a Fund’s assets may be invested in the securities of one or more management investment companies to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder, or any applicable exemptive relief obtained by the Funds.

Non-Fundamental Investment Policies

As a matter of non-fundamental policy:

1. Each Fund may invest in shares of other open-end management investment companies, subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act, the rules thereunder, and any orders obtained thereunder now or in the future. Funds in a master/feeder structure generally invest in the securities of one or more open-end management investment companies pursuant to various provisions of the 1940 Act. Any Fund that is purchased by another fund in the Columbia Funds Family in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act or an exemptive order granting relief from Section 12(d)(1)(G) will not purchase shares of a related registered open-end investment company in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act.

2. Each Fund may not invest or hold more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets in illiquid securities. For this purpose, illiquid securities include, among others: (a) securities that are illiquid by virtue of the absence of a readily available market or legal or contractual restrictions on resale; (b) fixed time deposits that are subject to withdrawal penalties and that have maturities of more than seven days; and (c) repurchase agreements not terminable within seven days.

3. Each Fund may invest in futures or options contracts regulated by the CFTC for: (i) bona fide hedging purposes within the meaning of the rules of the CFTC; and (ii) for other purposes if, as a result, no more than 5% of a Fund’s net assets would be invested in initial margin and premiums (excluding amounts “in-the-money”) required to establish the contracts.

4. Each Fund may lend securities from its portfolio to brokers, dealers and financial institutions, in amounts not to exceed (in the aggregate) one-third of the Fund’s total assets. Any such loans of portfolio securities will be fully collateralized based on values that are marked to market daily.

5. Each Fund may not make investments for the purpose of exercising control of management. (Investments by the Fund in entities created under the laws of foreign countries solely to facilitate investment in securities in that country will not be deemed the making of investments for the purpose of exercising control.)

6. Each Fund may not sell securities short, unless it owns or has the right to obtain securities equivalent in kind and amount to the securities sold short (short sales “against the box”) or the Fund segregates assets in the amount at least equal to the underlying security or asset.

7. Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS may not purchase securities of any one issuer (other than U.S. Government Obligations) if, immediately after such purchase, more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s

 

7


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total assets would be invested in the securities of one issuer, and with respect to 50% of such Fund’s total assets, more than 5% of its assets would be invested in the securities of one issuer.

8. To the extent a Fund is subject to Rule 35d-1 under the 1940 Act (the “Names Rule”), and does not otherwise have a fundamental investment policy in place to comply with the Names Rule, it has adopted or has the following non-fundamental policy: Shareholders will receive at least 60 days’ notice of any change to a Fund’s investment objective or principal investment strategies made in order to comply with the Names Rule. The notice will be provided in Plain English in a separate written document, and will contain the following prominent statement or similar statement in bold-face type: “Important Notice Regarding Change in Investment Policy.” This statement will appear on both the notice and the envelope in which it is delivered, unless it is delivered separately from other communications to investors, in which case the statement will appear either on the notice or the envelope in which the notice is delivered.

Exemptive Orders

In addition to the policies outlined above, the Columbia Funds Family has received the following exemptive orders from the SEC which enable the Funds to participate in certain transactions beyond the investment limitations described above or described in otherwise applicable restrictions:

1. Pursuant to an exemptive order dated October 5, 1993, all current and future Funds advised by CMA may, subject to certain conditions, pool their uninvested cash balances in one or more joint accounts and use the daily balance of such accounts to enter into repurchase agreements, including the condition that such agreements have a maturity of not more than seven days.

2. Pursuant to an exemptive order dated August 24, 2001, the Funds may be made available for purchase through variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies offered by the separate accounts of participating insurance companies as well as directly to qualified plans and certain other permitted persons. Due to differences in tax treatment and other considerations, the interests of various contract owners participating in the Trust and the interests of qualified plans investing in the Trust’s Funds may conflict. The Trust does not currently foresee any disadvantages to shareholders arising from these potential conflicts of interest. Nevertheless, the Board intends to monitor events to identify any material irreconcilable conflicts which may arise, and to determine what action, if any, should be taken in response to any conflicts.

3. Pursuant to an exemptive order dated September 5, 2003, the Funds may, subject to certain conditions, borrow money from other funds in the Columbia Funds Family for temporary emergency purposes to facilitate redemption requests, or for other purposes consistent with Fund investment policies and restrictions. All loans are set at an interest rate between the rates charged on overnight repurchase agreements and short-term bank loans.

Permissible Investments and Related Risks

Each Fund’s prospectuses identify and summarize the individual types of securities in which the Fund invests as part of its principal investment strategies and the principal risks associated with such investments.

The table below identifies for each Fund certain types of securities in which it is permitted to invest, including certain types of securities that are described in each Fund’s prospectuses. A Fund generally has the ability to invest 10% or more of its total assets in each type of security described in its prospectuses (and in each sub-category of such security type described in this SAI). To the extent a type of security identified below for a Fund is not described in the Fund’s prospectuses (or as a sub-category of such security type in this SAI), the Fund generally invests less than 10% of the Fund’s total assets in such security type.

Information about individual types of securities (including certain of their associated risks) in which the Funds and/or some or all of the Funds may invest is set forth below. Each Fund’s investment in these types of securities is subject to its investment objective and fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies.

 

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Temporary Defensive Positions. A Fund may temporarily invest in money market instruments or hold cash. It may do so without limit, when the Advisor: (i) believes that the market conditions are not favorable for profitable investing; (ii) is unable to locate favorable investment opportunities; or (iii) determines that a temporary defensive position is advisable or necessary in order to meet anticipated redemption requests, or for other reasons. While a Fund engages in such strategies, it may not achieve its investment objective.

See also About the Funds’ Investments — Permissible Investments and Related Risks — Money Market Instruments.

Permissible Fund Investments

 

Investment Type

   High Yield
Fund VS
     Marsico
21st
Century
Fund VS
     Marsico
Focused
Equities
Fund VS
     Marsico
Growth
Fund VS
     Marsico
International
Opportunities
Fund VS
     Mid Cap
Growth
Fund VS
 

Asset-Backed Securities

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Bank Obligations (Domestic and Foreign)

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Common Stock

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Convertible Securities

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Corporate Debt Securities

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Derivatives

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Index or Linked Securities (Structured Products)

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Stock Options and Stock Index Options

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Swap Agreements

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Dollar Rolls

      ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Foreign Currency Transactions

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Foreign Securities

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Guaranteed Investment Contracts (Funding Agreements)

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Illiquid Securities

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Initial Public Offerings

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Investments in Other Investment Companies

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Low and Below Investment Grade Securities

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Money Market Instruments

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Mortgage-Backed Securities

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Participation Interests

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Preferred Stock

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Real Estate Investment Trusts and Master Limited Partnerships

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Repurchase Agreements

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Stripped Securities

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

U.S. Government and Related Obligations

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Warrants and Rights

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

When-Issued, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitment Transactions

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Step-Coupon Securities

   ü         ü         ü         ü         ü         ü     

 

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Asset-Backed Securities

Asset-backed securities represent interests in, or debt instruments that are backed by, pools of various types of assets that generate cash payments generally over fixed periods of time. Such securities entitle the security holders to receive distributions that are tied to the payments made on the underlying assets (less fees paid to the originator, servicer, or other parties, and fees paid for credit enhancement), so that the payments made on the underlying assets effectively pass through to such security holders. Asset-backed securities typically are created by an originator of loans or owner of accounts receivable that sells such underlying assets to a special purpose entity in a process called a securitization. The special purpose entity issues securities that are backed by the payments on the underlying assets, and have a minimum denomination and specific term. Asset-backed securities may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations or as zero coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities and may be privately placed or publicly offered. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations, Permissible Fund Investments — Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Step-Coupon Securities and Permissible Fund Investments — Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities for more information.

Investing in asset-backed securities is subject to certain risks. For example, the value of asset-backed securities may be affected by, among other factors, changes in: interest rates, the market’s assessment of the quality of underlying assets, the creditworthiness of the servicer for the underlying assets, information concerning the originator of the underlying assets, or the creditworthiness or rating of the entities that provide any supporting letters of credit, surety bonds, derivative instruments, or other credit enhancement. The value of asset-backed securities also will be affected by the exhaustion, termination or expiration of any credit enhancement.

Declining or low interest rates may lead to a more rapid rate of repayment on the underlying assets, resulting in accelerated payments on asset-backed securities that then would be reinvested at a lesser rate of interest. Rising or high interest rates tend to lead to a slower rate of repayment on the underlying assets, resulting in slower than expected payments on asset-backed securities that can, in turn, lead to a decline in value. The impact of changing interest rates on the value of asset-backed securities may be difficult to predict and result in greater volatility. Holders of asset-backed securities generally have no recourse against the originator of the underlying assets in the event of a default on the underlying assets.

Bank Obligations (Domestic and Foreign)

Bank obligations include certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, time deposits and promissory notes that earn a specified rate of return and may be issued by (i) a domestic branch of a domestic bank, (ii) a foreign branch of a domestic bank, (iii) a domestic branch of a foreign bank or (iv) a foreign branch of a foreign bank. Bank obligations may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations for more information.

Certificates of deposit, or so-called CDs, typically are interest-bearing debt instruments issued by banks and have maturities ranging from a few weeks to several years. Bankers’ acceptances are time drafts drawn on and accepted by banks and are a customary means of effecting payment for merchandise sold in import-export transactions and a general source of financing. Yankee dollar certificates of deposit are negotiable CDs issued in the United States by branches and agencies of foreign banks. Eurodollar certificates of deposit are CDs issued by foreign (mainly European) banks with interest and principal paid in U.S. dollars. Such CDs typically have maturities of less than two years and have interest rates that typically are pegged to the London Interbank Offered Rate or LIBOR. A time deposit can be either a savings account or CD that is an obligation of a financial institution for a fixed term. Typically, there are penalties for early withdrawals of time deposits. Promissory notes are written commitments of the maker to pay the payee a specified sum of money either on demand or at a fixed or determinable future date, with or without interest.

 

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Bank investment contracts are issued by banks. Pursuant to such contracts, a Fund may make cash contributions to a deposit fund of a bank. The bank then credits to the Fund payments at floating or fixed interest rates. A Fund also may hold funds on deposit with its custodian for temporary purposes.

Investing in bank obligations is subject to certain risks. Certain bank obligations, such as some CDs, are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to certain specified limits. Many other bank obligations, however, are neither guaranteed nor insured by the FDIC or the U.S. Government. These bank obligations are “backed” only by the creditworthiness of the issuing bank or parent financial institution. Domestic and foreign banks are subject to different governmental regulation. Accordingly, certain obligations of foreign banks, including Eurodollar and Yankee dollar obligations, involve different investment risks than those affecting obligations of domestic banks, including, among others, the possibilities that: (i) their liquidity could be impaired because of political or economic developments; (ii) the obligations may be less marketable than comparable obligations of domestic banks; (iii) a foreign jurisdiction might impose withholding and other taxes at high levels on interest income; (iv) foreign deposits may be seized or nationalized; (v) foreign governmental restrictions such as exchange controls may be imposed, which could adversely affect the payment of principal or interest on those obligations; (vi) there may be less publicly available information concerning foreign banks issuing the obligations; and (vii) the reserve requirements and accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements applicable to foreign banks may differ from those applicable to domestic banks. Foreign banks generally are not subject to examination by any U.S. Government agency or instrumentality.

Common Stock

Common stock represents a unit of equity ownership of a corporation. Owners typically are entitled to vote on the selection of directors and other important corporate governance matters, and to receive dividend payments, if any, on their holdings. However, ownership of common stock does not entitle owners to participate in the day-to-day operations of the corporation. Common stocks of domestic and foreign public corporations can be listed, and their shares traded, on domestic stock exchanges, such as the NYSE, AMEX or the Nasdaq Stock Market. Domestic and foreign corporations also may have their shares traded on foreign exchanges, such as the London Stock Exchange or Tokyo Stock Exchange. Common stock may be privately placed or publicly offered. See Permissible Fund Investments — Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities for more information.

Investing in common stocks is subject to certain risks. Stock market risk, for example, is the risk that the value of such stocks, like the broader stock markets, may decline over short or even extended periods of time, perhaps substantially or unexpectedly. Domestic and foreign stock markets tend to be cyclical, with periods when stock prices generally rise and periods when stock prices generally decline. The value of individual stocks will rise and fall based on factors specific to each company, such as changes in earnings or management, as well as general economic and market factors.

If a corporation is liquidated, the claims of secured and unsecured creditors and owners of debt securities and “preferred” stock take priority over the claims of those who own common stock.

Investing in common stocks also poses risks applicable to the particular type of company issuing the common stock. For example, stocks of smaller companies tend to have greater price swings than stocks of larger companies because, among other things, they trade less frequently and in lower volumes, are more susceptible to changes in economic conditions, may be more reliant on singular products or services and are more vulnerable to larger competitors. Common stocks of these types of companies may have a higher potential for gains, but also may be subject to greater risk of loss.

Investing in common stocks also poses risks applicable to a particular industry, such as technology, financial services, consumer goods or natural resources (e.g., oil and gas). To some extent, the prices of common stocks tend to move by industry sector. When market conditions favorably affect, or are expected favorably to

 

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affect, an industry, the share prices of the common stocks of companies in that industry tend to rise. Conversely, negative news or a poor outlook for a particular industry can cause the share prices of the common stocks of companies in that industry to decline quickly.

Convertible Securities

Convertible securities include bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stocks or other securities that may be converted or exchanged (by the holder or by the issuer) into shares of the underlying common stock (or cash or securities of equivalent value) at a stated exchange ratio or predetermined price (the conversion price). As such, convertible securities combine the investment characteristics of debt securities and equity securities but typically retain the investment characteristics of debt securities until they have been converted. A holder of convertible securities is entitled to receive the income of a bond, debenture or note or the dividend of a preferred stock until the conversion privilege is exercised. The market value of convertible securities generally is a function of, among other factors, interest rates, the rates of return of similar nonconvertible securities and the financial strength of the issuer. The market value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates rise and, conversely, to rise as interest rates decline. However, a convertible security’s market value tends to reflect the market price of the common stock of the issuing company when that stock price approaches or is greater than its conversion price. As the market price of the underlying common stock declines, the price of the convertible security tends to be influenced more by the rate of return of the convertible security. Because both interest rate and market movements can influence their value, convertible securities generally are not as sensitive to changes in interest rates as similar debt securities nor generally are they as sensitive to changes in share price as their underlying common stock. Convertible securities may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations or as zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities and may be privately placed or publicly offered. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations, Permissible Fund Investments — Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Step-Coupon Securities and Permissible Fund Investments — Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities for more information.

Investing in convertible securities is subject to certain risks. Certain convertible securities, particularly securities that are convertible into securities of an issuer other than the issuer of the convertible security, may be illiquid and, therefore, may be more difficult to resell in a timely fashion or for a fair price, which could result in investment losses. Certain convertible securities may have a mandatory conversion feature, pursuant to which the securities convert automatically into common stock or other equity securities (of the same or a different issuer) at a specified date and a specified exchange ratio. Certain convertible securities may be convertible at the option of the issuer, which may require a holder to convert the security into the underlying common stock, even at times when the value of the underlying common stock or other equity security has declined substantially.

In addition, some convertible securities may be rated below investment grade or may not be rated and, therefore, may be considered speculative investments. Companies that issue convertible securities frequently are small- and mid-capitalization companies and, accordingly, carry the risks associated with such companies. In addition, the credit rating of a company’s convertible securities generally is lower than that of its conventional debt securities. Convertible securities are senior to equity securities and have a claim to the assets of an issuer prior to the holders of the issuer’s common stock in the event of liquidation but generally are subordinate to similar non-convertible debt securities of the same issuer. Some convertible securities are particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates when their predetermined conversion price is much higher than the price for the issuing company’s common stock.

Corporate Debt Securities

Corporate debt securities include fixed income securities issued by businesses to finance their operations. Notes, bonds, debentures and commercial paper are the most common types of corporate debt securities, with the primary difference being their interest rates, maturity dates and secured or unsecured status. Commercial paper has the shortest term and usually is unsecured. The broad category of corporate debt securities includes debt issued by domestic or foreign companies of all kinds, including those with small-, mid- and large-

 

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capitalizations. Corporate debt securities may be rated investment grade or below investment grade and may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations or as zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities and may be privately placed or publicly offered. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations, Permissible Fund Investments — Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Step-Coupon Securities and Permissible Fund Investments — Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities for more information.

Extendible commercial notes (ECNs) are very similar to commercial paper except that with ECNs, the issuer has the option to extend the notes’ maturity. ECNs are issued at a discount rate, with an initial redemption of not more than 90 days from the date of issue. If ECNs are not redeemed by the issuer on the initial redemption date, the issuer will pay a premium (step-up) rate based on the ECN’s credit rating at the time.

Because of the wide range of types and maturities of corporate debt securities, as well as the range of creditworthiness of issuers, corporate debt securities can have widely varying risk/return profiles. For example, commercial paper issued by a large established domestic corporation that is rated by an NRSRO as investment grade may have a relatively modest return on principal but present relatively limited risk. On the other hand, a long-term corporate note issued, for example, by a small foreign corporation from an emerging market country that has not been rated by an NRSRO may have the potential for relatively large returns on principal but carries a relatively high degree of risk.

Investing in corporate debt securities is subject to certain risks including, among others, credit and interest rate risk. Credit risk is the risk that a Fund could lose money if the issuer of a corporate debt security is unable to pay interest or repay principal when it becomes due. Some corporate debt securities that are rated below investment grade by an NRSRO generally are considered speculative because they present a greater risk of loss, including default, than higher quality debt securities. The credit risk of a particular issuer’s debt security may vary based on its priority for repayment. For example, higher ranking (senior) debt securities have a higher priority than and, therefore, may be paid in full before, lower ranking (subordinated) securities. In addition, in the event of bankruptcy, holders of higher-ranking senior securities may receive amounts otherwise payable to the holders of more junior securities. Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of certain corporate debt securities will tend to fall when interest rates rise. In general, corporate debt securities with longer terms tend to fall more in value when interest rates rise than do corporate debt securities with shorter terms.

Derivatives

General

Derivatives are financial instruments whose values are based on (or “derived” from) traditional securities (such as a stock or a bond), assets (such as a commodity, like gold), reference rates (such as LIBOR) or market indices (such as the S&P 500 Index). Some forms of derivatives, such as exchange-traded futures and options on securities, commodities, or indices, are traded on regulated exchanges. These types of derivatives are standardized contracts that can easily be bought and sold, and whose market values are determined and published daily. Non-standardized derivatives, on the other hand, tend to be more specialized or complex, and may be harder to value. Derivatives afford leverage and, when used properly, can enhance returns and be useful in hedging portfolios. Some common types of derivatives include futures; options; options on futures; forward foreign currency exchange contracts; forward contracts on securities and securities indices; linked securities and structured products; CMOs; stripped securities; warrants; swap agreements and swaptions.

A Fund may use derivatives for a variety of reasons, including, for example: (i) to enhance its return; (ii) to attempt to protect against possible changes in the market value of securities held in or to be purchased for its portfolio resulting from securities markets or currency exchange rate fluctuations (i.e., to hedge); (iii) to protect its unrealized gains reflected in the value of its portfolios securities; (iv) to facilitate the sale of such securities for investment purposes; (v) to reduce transaction costs; and/or (vi) to manage the effective maturity or duration of its portfolio.

 

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A Fund’s use of derivatives presents risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in traditional securities. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the underlying security, asset, index or reference rate, which may be magnified by certain features of the derivatives. These risks are heightened when a Fund uses derivatives to enhance its return or as a substitute for a position or security, rather than solely to hedge or offset the risk of a position or security held by a Fund. There is also a risk that the derivative will not correlate well with the security for which it is substituting. A Fund’s use of derivatives to leverage risk also may exaggerate a loss, potentially causing a Fund to lose more money than if it had invested in the underlying security, or limit a potential gain. The success of management’s derivative strategies will depend on its ability to assess and predict the impact of market or economic developments on the underlying security, asset, index or reference rate and the derivative itself, without necessarily the benefit of observing the performance of the derivative under all possible market conditions. Other risks arise from a Fund’s potential inability to terminate or sell its derivative positions as a liquid secondary market for such positions may not exist at times when a Fund may wish to terminate or sell them. Over-the-counter instruments (investments not traded on an exchange) may be illiquid. Derivatives traded in the over-the-counter market are subject to the risk that the other party will not meet its obligations. Also, with some derivative strategies there is the risk that a Fund may not be able to find a suitable derivative transaction counterparty, and thus may be unable to invest in derivatives altogether. The use of derivatives may also increase the amount and accelerate the timing of taxes payable by shareholders.

A Fund may use any or all of the above investment techniques and may purchase different types of derivative instruments at any time and in any combination. There is no particular strategy that dictates the use of one technique over another, as the use of derivatives is a function of numerous variables, including market conditions.

Index or Linked Securities (Structured Products)

General. Indexed or linked securities, also often referred to as “structured products,” are instruments that may have varying combinations of equity and debt characteristics. These instruments are structured to recast the investment characteristics of the underlying security or reference asset. If the issuer is a unit investment trust or other special purpose vehicle, the structuring will typically involve the deposit with or purchase by such issuer of specified instruments (such as commercial bank loans or securities) and/or the execution of various derivative transactions, and the issuance by that entity of one or more classes of securities (structured securities) backed by, or representing interests in, the underlying instruments. The cash flow on the underlying instruments may be apportioned among the newly issued structured securities to create securities with different investment characteristics, such as varying maturities, payment priorities and interest rate provisions, and the extent of such payments made with respect to structured securities is dependent on the extent of the cash flow on the underlying instruments.

Indexed and Inverse Floating Rate Securities. A Fund may invest in securities that provide a potential return based on a particular index of value or interest rates. For example, a Fund may invest in securities that pay interest based on an index of interest rates. The principal amount payable upon maturity of certain securities also may be based on the value of the index. To the extent a Fund invests in these types of securities, a Fund’s return on such securities will rise and fall with the value of the particular index: that is, if the value of the index falls, the value of the indexed securities owned by a Fund will fall. Interest and principal payable on certain securities may also be based on relative changes among particular indices.

A Fund may also invest in so-called “inverse floaters” or “residual interest bonds” on which the interest rates vary inversely with a floating rate (which may be reset periodically by a dutch auction, a remarketing agent, or by reference to a short-term tax-exempt interest rate index). A Fund may purchase synthetically-created inverse floating rate bonds evidenced by custodial or trust receipts. Generally, income on inverse floating rate bonds will decrease when interest rates increase, and will increase when interest rates decrease. Such securities have the effect of providing a degree of investment leverage, since they may increase or decrease in value in response to changes, as an illustration, in market interest rates at a rate that is a multiple of the rate at which fixed-rate securities increase or decrease in response to such changes. As a result, the market values of such

 

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securities will generally be more volatile than the market values of fixed-rate securities. To seek to limit the volatility of these securities, a Fund may purchase inverse floating obligations that have shorter-term maturities or that contain limitations on the extent to which the interest rate may vary. Certain investments in such obligations may be illiquid. A Fund may invest in indexed and inverse securities for hedging purposes or to seek to increase returns. When used for hedging purposes, indexed and inverse securities involve correlation risk. Furthermore, where such a security includes a contingent liability, in the event of an adverse movement in the underlying index or interest rate, a Fund may be required to pay substantial additional margin to maintain the position.

Credit Linked Securities. Among the income producing securities in which a Fund may invest are credit linked securities. The issuers of these securities frequently are limited purpose trusts or other special purpose vehicles that, in turn, invest in a derivative instrument or basket of derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and other securities, in order to provide exposure to certain fixed income markets. For instance, a Fund may invest in credit linked securities as a cash management tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and/or to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are not available.

Like an investment in a bond, investments in these credit linked securities represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on or linked to the issuer’s receipt of payments from, and the issuer’s potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the issuer invests. For instance, the issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of income and/or principal that a Fund would receive. A Fund’s investments in these instruments are indirectly subject to the risks associated with derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk. These securities generally are exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the securities and they may constitute illiquid investments.

Index-, Commodity-, Currency- and Equity-Linked Securities. “Index-linked” or “commodity-linked” notes are debt securities of companies that call for interest payments and/or payment at maturity in different terms than the typical note where the borrower agrees to make fixed interest payments and to pay a fixed sum at maturity. Principal and/or interest payments on an index-linked or commodity-linked note depend on the performance of one or more market indices, such as the S&P 500® Index, a weighted index of commodity futures such as crude oil, gasoline and natural gas or the market prices of a particular commodity or basket of commodities. Equity-linked securities are short-term or intermediate term instruments having a value at maturity and/or interest rate determined by reference to the market prices of one or more equity securities. At maturity, the principal amount of an equity-linked debt security is often exchanged for common stock of the issuer or is payable in an amount based on the issuer’s common stock price at the time of maturity. Currency-linked debt securities are short-term or intermediate-term instruments having a value at maturity, and/or an interest rate, determined by reference to one or more foreign currencies. Payment of principal or periodic interest may be calculated as a multiple of the movement of one currency against another currency, or against an index.

Index, commodity, currency and equity-linked securities may entail substantial risks. Such instruments may be subject to significant price volatility. The company issuing the instrument may fail to pay the amount due on maturity. The underlying investment or security may not perform as expected by the Advisor. Markets, underlying securities and indexes may move in a direction that was not anticipated by the Advisor. Performance of the derivatives may be influenced by interest rate and other market changes in the United States and abroad, and certain derivative instruments may be illiquid.

 

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Linked securities are often issued by unit investment trusts. Examples of this include such index-linked securities as S&P Depositary Receipts (SPDRs), which is an interest in a unit investment trust holding a portfolio of securities linked to the S&P 500® Index, and a type of exchange-traded fund (ETF). Because a unit investment trust is an investment company under the 1940 Act, a Fund’s investments in SPDRs are subject to the limitations set forth in Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act. SPDRs closely track the underlying portfolio of securities, trade like a share of common stock and pay periodic dividends proportionate to those paid by the portfolio of stocks that comprise the S&P 500® Index. As a holder of interests in a unit investment trust, a Fund would indirectly bear its ratable share of that unit investment trust’s expenses. At the same time, a Fund would continue to pay its own management and advisory fees and other expenses, as a result of which a Fund and its shareholders in effect would be absorbing levels of fees with respect to investments in such unit investment trusts.

Equity-linked securities include issues such as Structured Yield Product Exchangeable for Stock (STRYPES), Trust Automatic Common Exchange Securities (TRACES), Trust Issued Mandatory Exchange Securities (TIMES), and Trust Enhanced Dividend Securities (TRENDS). The issuers of these equity-linked securities generally purchase and hold a portfolio of stripped U.S. Treasury securities maturing on a quarterly basis through the conversion date, and a forward purchase contract with an existing shareholder of the company relating to the common stock. Quarterly distributions on such equity-linked securities generally consist of the cash received from the U.S. Treasury securities and such equity-linked securities generally are not entitled to any dividends that may be declared on the common stock.

Investing in structured products and linked securities is subject to certain risks. Because structured products typically involve no credit enhancement, their credit risk generally will be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments. Investments in structured products may be structured as a class that is either subordinated or unsubordinated to the right of payment of another class. Subordinated structured products typically have higher rates of return and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured products. Structured products sometimes are sold in private placement transactions and often have a limited trading market.

Investments in “linked” securities have the potential to lead to significant losses because of unexpected movements in the underlying financial asset, index, currency or other investment. The ability of a Fund to utilize linked-securities successfully will depend on its ability correctly to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. Because currency-linked securities usually relate to foreign currencies, some of which may be currency from emerging market countries, there are certain additional risks associated with such investments.

SPDRs are subject to the risks of an investment in a broadly based portfolio of common stocks, including the risk that the general level of stock prices may decline, thereby adversely affecting the value of such investment. In addition, because individual investments in SPDRs are not redeemable, except upon termination of the unit investment trust, the liquidity of small holdings of SPDRs will depend upon the existence of a secondary market. Large holdings of SPDRs are called “creation unit size” and are redeemable in-kind only and are not redeemable for cash from the unit investment trust. The price of a SPDR is derived from and based upon the securities held by the unit investment trust. Accordingly, the level of risk involved in the purchase or sale of a SPDR is similar to the risk involved in the purchase or sale of traditional common stock, with the exception that the pricing mechanism for SPDRs is based on a basket of stocks. Disruptions in the markets for the securities underlying SPDRs purchased or sold by a Fund could result in losses on SPDRs.

Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts

Futures Contracts. A futures contract sale creates an obligation by the seller to deliver the type of security or other asset called for in the contract at a specified delivery time for a stated price. A futures contract purchase creates an obligation by the purchaser to take delivery of the type of security or other asset called for in the contract at a specified delivery time for a stated price. The specific securities or other assets delivered or taken at the settlement date are not determined until on or near that date. The determination is made in accordance with the rules of the exchange on which the futures contract was made. A Fund may enter into futures contracts which are traded on national or foreign futures exchanges and are standardized as to maturity date and underlying

 

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security or other asset. Futures exchanges and trading in the United States are regulated under the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), a U.S. Government agency.

Traders in futures contracts may be broadly classified as either “hedgers” or “speculators.” Hedgers use the futures markets primarily to offset unfavorable changes (anticipated or potential) in the value of securities or other assets currently owned or expected to be acquired by them. Speculators less often own the securities or other assets underlying the futures contracts which they trade, and generally use futures contracts with the expectation of realizing profits from fluctuations in the value of the underlying securities or other assets. Pursuant to a notice of eligibility claiming exclusion from the definition of commodity pool operator filed with the CFTC and the National Futures Association on behalf of the Funds, neither the Trust nor any of the individual Funds is deemed to be a “commodity pool operator” under the CEA, and, accordingly, they are not subject to registration or regulation as such under the CEA.

Upon entering into futures contracts, in compliance with the SEC’s requirements, cash or liquid securities, equal in value to the amount of a Fund’s obligation under the contract (less any applicable margin deposits and any assets that constitute “cover” for such obligation), will be segregated with a Fund’s custodian.

Unlike when a Fund purchases or sells a security, no price is paid or received by a Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract, although a Fund is required to deposit with its custodian in a segregated account in the name of the futures broker an amount of cash and/or U.S. Government securities in order to initiate and maintain open positions in futures contracts. This amount is known as “initial margin.” The nature of initial margin in futures transactions is different from that of margin in security transactions, in that futures contract margin does not involve the borrowing of funds by a Fund to finance the transactions. Rather, initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit intended to assure completion of the contract (delivery or acceptance of the underlying security or other asset) that is returned to a Fund upon termination of the futures contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Minimum initial margin requirements are established by the relevant futures exchange and may be changed. Brokers may establish deposit requirements which are higher than the exchange minimums. Futures contracts are customarily purchased and sold on margin which may range upward from less than 5% of the value of the contract being traded. Subsequent payments, called “variation margin,” to and from the broker (or the custodian) are made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying security or other asset fluctuates, a process known as “marking to market.” If the futures contract price changes to the extent that the margin on deposit does not satisfy margin requirements, payment of additional variation margin will be required. Conversely, a change in the contract value may reduce the required margin, resulting in a repayment of excess margin to the contract holder. Variation margin payments are made for as long as the contract remains open. A Fund expects to earn interest income on its margin deposits.

Although futures contracts by their terms call for actual delivery or acceptance of securities or other assets (stock index futures contracts or futures contracts that reference other intangible assets do not permit delivery of the referenced assets), the contracts usually are closed out before the settlement date without the making or taking of delivery. A Fund may elect to close some or all of its futures positions at any time prior to their expiration. The purpose of taking such action would be to reduce or eliminate the hedge position then currently held by a Fund. Closing out an open futures position is done by taking an opposite position (“buying” a contract which has previously been “sold,” “selling” a contract previously “purchased”) in an identical contract (i.e., the same aggregate amount of the specific type of security or other asset with the same delivery date) to terminate the position. Final determinations are made as to whether the price of the initial sale of the futures contract exceeds or is below the price of the offsetting purchase, or whether the purchase price exceeds or is below the offsetting sale price. Final determinations of variation margin are then made, additional cash is required to be paid by or released to a Fund, and a Fund realizes a loss or a gain. Brokerage commissions are incurred when a futures contract is bought or sold.

Successful use of futures contracts by a Fund is subject to the Advisor’s ability to predict correctly movements in the direction of interest rates and other factors affecting securities and commodities markets. This requires different skills and techniques than those required to predict changes in the prices of individual securities. A Fund, therefore, bears the risk that future market trends will be incorrectly predicted.

 

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The risk of loss in trading futures contracts in some strategies can be substantial, due both to the relatively low margin deposits required and the potential for an extremely high degree of leverage involved in futures contracts. As a result, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in an immediate and substantial loss to the investor. For example, if at the time of purchase, 10% of the value of the futures contract is deposited as margin, a subsequent 10% decrease in the value of the futures contract would result in a total loss of the margin deposit, before any deduction for the transaction costs, if the account were then closed out. A 15% decrease would result in a loss equal to 150% of the original margin deposit if the contract were closed out. Thus, a purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in excess of the amount posted as initial margin for the contract.

In the event of adverse price movements, a Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments in order to maintain its required margin. In such a situation, if a Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell portfolio securities in order to meet daily margin requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. The inability to close the futures position also could have an adverse impact on the ability to hedge effectively.

To reduce or eliminate a hedge position held by a Fund, a Fund may seek to close out a position. The ability to establish and close out positions will be subject to the development and maintenance of a liquid secondary market. It is not certain that this market will develop or continue to exist for a particular futures contract, which may limit a Fund’s ability to realize its profits or limit its losses. Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange include the following: (i) there may be insufficient trading interest in certain contracts; (ii) restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions, closing transactions or both; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of contracts, or underlying securities; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances, such as volume in excess of trading or clearing capability, may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (v) the facilities of an exchange or a clearing corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading volume; or (vi) one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of contracts (or a particular class or series of contracts), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in the class or series of contracts) would cease to exist, although outstanding contracts on the exchange that had been issued by a clearing corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.

Interest Rate Futures Contracts. Bond prices are established in both the cash market and the futures market. In the cash market, bonds are purchased and sold with payment for the full purchase price of the bond being made in cash, generally within five business days after the trade. In the futures market, a contract is made to purchase or sell a bond in the future for a set price on a certain date. Historically, the prices for bonds established in the futures markets have tended to move generally in the aggregate in concert with the cash market prices and have maintained fairly predictable relationships. Accordingly, a Fund may use interest rate futures contracts as a defense, or hedge, against anticipated interest rate changes. A Fund presently could accomplish a similar result to that which it hopes to achieve through the use of interest rate futures contracts by selling bonds with long maturities and investing in bonds with short maturities when interest rates are expected to increase, or conversely, selling bonds with short maturities and investing in bonds with long maturities when interest rates are expected to decline. However, because of the liquidity that is often available in the futures market, the protection is more likely to be achieved, perhaps at a lower cost and without changing the rate of interest being earned by a Fund, through using futures contracts.

Interest rate futures contracts are traded in an auction environment on the floors of several exchanges —principally, the Chicago Board of Trade, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and the New York Futures Exchange. Each exchange guarantees performance under contract provisions through a clearing corporation, a nonprofit organization managed by the exchange membership. A public market exists in futures contracts covering various financial instruments including long-term U.S. Treasury Bonds and Notes; GNMA modified pass-through mortgage backed securities; three-month U.S. Treasury Bills; and ninety-day commercial paper. A Fund may also invest in exchange-traded Eurodollar contracts, which are interest rate futures on the forward level of LIBOR. These contracts are generally considered liquid securities and trade on the Chicago Mercantile

 

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Exchange. Such Eurodollar contracts are generally used to “lock-in” or hedge the future level of short-term rates. A Fund may trade in any interest rate futures contracts for which there exists a public market, including, without limitation, the foregoing instruments.

Index Futures Contracts. An index futures contract is a contract to buy or sell units of an index at a specified future date at a price agreed upon when the contract is made. Entering into a contract to buy units of an index is commonly referred to as buying or purchasing a contract or holding a long position in the index. Entering into a contract to sell units of an index is commonly referred to as selling a contract or holding a short position in the index. A unit is the current value of the index. A Fund may enter into stock index futures contracts, debt index futures contracts, or other index futures contracts appropriate to its objective(s).

There are several risks in connection with the use by a Fund of index futures as a hedging device. One risk arises because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of the index futures and movements in the prices of securities which are the subject of the hedges. The Advisor will attempt to reduce this risk by selling, to the extent possible, futures on indices the movements of which will, in its judgment, have a significant correlation with movements in the prices of a Fund’s portfolio securities sought to be hedged.

Municipal Bond Index Futures Contracts. Municipal bond index futures contracts may act as a hedge against changes in market conditions. A municipal bond index assigns values daily to the municipal bonds included in the index based on the independent assessment of dealer-to-dealer municipal bond brokers. A municipal bond index futures contract represents a firm commitment by which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount equal to a specified dollar amount multiplied by the difference between the municipal bond index value on the last trading date of the contract and the price at which the futures contract is originally struck. No physical delivery of the underlying securities in the index is made.

Options on Futures Contracts. A Fund may purchase and write call and put options on those futures contracts that it is permitted to buy or sell. A Fund may use such options on futures contracts in lieu of writing options directly on the underlying securities or other assets or purchasing and selling the underlying futures contracts. Such options generally operate in the same manner as options purchased or written directly on the underlying investments. A futures option gives the holder, in return for the premium paid, the right to buy from (call) or sell to (put) the writer of the option a futures contract at a specified price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise, the writer of the option is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the futures contract and the exercise price. Like the buyer or seller of a futures contract, the holder or writer of an option has the right to terminate its position prior to the scheduled expiration of the option by selling or purchasing an option of the same series, at which time the person entering into the closing purchase transaction will realize a gain or loss. There is no guarantee that such closing purchase transactions can be effected.

A Fund will enter into written options on futures contracts only when, in compliance with the SEC’s requirements, cash or liquid securities equal in value to the underlying security’s or other asset’s value (less any applicable margin deposits) have been deposited in a segregated account. A Fund will be required to deposit initial margin and maintenance margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it pursuant to brokers’ requirements similar to those described above.

Investments in futures options involve some of the same risks that are involved in connection with investments in futures contracts (for example, the existence of a liquid secondary market). In addition, the purchase of an option also entails the risk that changes in the value of the underlying futures contract will not be fully reflected in the value of the option purchased. There may be circumstances when the purchase of a call or put option on a futures contract would result in a loss to a Fund when the purchase or sale of a futures contract would not, such as when there is no movement in the prices of the hedged investments. In general, the market prices of options can be expected to be more volatile than the market prices on the underlying futures contracts. Compared to the purchase or sale of futures contracts, however, the purchase of call or put options on futures contracts may frequently involve less potential risk to a Fund because the maximum amount at risk is the premium paid for the options (plus transaction costs).

 

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Successful use of index futures by a Fund is also subject to the Advisor’s ability to predict correctly movements in the direction of the market. It is possible that, for example, where a Fund has sold futures to hedge its portfolio against a decline in the market, the index on which the futures are written may advance and the value of securities held in a Fund’s portfolio may decline. If this occurred, a Fund would lose money on the futures and also experience a decline in the value of its portfolio securities, as a Fund’s ability to effectively hedge all or a portion of the securities in its portfolio, in anticipation of or during a market decline, through transactions in futures or put options on stock indices, depends on the degree to which price movements in the underlying index correlate with the price movements of the securities held by a Fund. Inasmuch as a Fund’s securities will not duplicate the components of an index, the correlation will not be perfect. Consequently, a Fund bears the risk that the prices of its securities being hedged will not move to the same extent as do the prices of its put options on the stock indices. It is also possible that, if a Fund has hedged against the possibility of a decline in the market adversely affecting securities held in its portfolio and securities prices increase instead, a Fund will lose part or all of the benefit of the increased values of those securities that it has hedged, because it will have offsetting losses in its futures positions. In addition, in such situations, if a Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell securities to meet daily variation margin requirements.

In addition to the possibility that there may be an imperfect correlation, or no correlation at all, between movements in the index futures and the securities of the portfolio being hedged, the prices of index futures may not correlate perfectly with movements in the underlying index due to certain market distortions. First, all participants in the futures markets are subject to margin deposit and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting additional margin deposit requirements, investors may close futures contracts through offsetting transactions, which would distort the normal relationship between the index and futures markets. Second, margin requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities market, and as a result, the futures market may attract more speculators than the securities market. Increased participation by speculators in the futures market may also cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortions in the futures market, and also because of the imperfect correlation between movements in an index and movements in the prices of index futures, even a correct forecast of general market trends by the Advisor may still not result in a successful hedging transaction.

There is also the risk of loss by a Fund of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom a Fund has an open position in a futures contract or related option. Most futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in some contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and, therefore, does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses.

Options on Index Futures Contracts. A Fund may also purchase and sell options on index futures contracts. Options on index futures give the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in an index futures contract (a long position if the option is a call and a short position if the option is a put), at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of the option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer’s futures margin account, which represents the amount by which the market price of the index futures contract, at exercise, exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option on the index future. If an option is exercised on the last trading day prior to the expiration date of the option, the settlement will be made entirely in cash equal to the difference between the exercise price of the option and the closing level of the index on which the future is based on the expiration date. Purchasers of options who fail to exercise their options prior to the exercise date suffer a loss of the premium paid.

 

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There are various risks in connection with the use by a Fund of index futures as a hedging device. For example, a risk arises because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of the index futures and movements in the prices of securities which are the subject of the hedges. The Advisor will attempt to reduce this risk by selling, to the extent possible, futures on indices the movements of which will, in its judgment, have a significant correlation with movements in the prices of a Fund’s portfolio securities sought to be hedged; there can be no assurance that the Advisor will be successful in doing so.

Use by Tax-Exempt Funds of Interest Rate and U.S. Treasury Security Futures Contracts and Options. A Fund investing in tax-exempt securities may purchase and sell futures contracts and related options on interest rate and U.S. Treasury securities when, in the opinion of the Advisor, price movements in these security futures and related options will correlate closely with price movements in the tax-exempt securities which are the subject of the hedge. Interest rate and U.S. Treasury securities futures contracts require the seller to deliver, or the purchaser to take delivery of, the type of security called for in the contract at a specified date and price. Options on interest rate and U.S. Treasury security futures contracts give the purchaser the right in return for the premium paid to assume a position in a futures contract at the specified option exercise price at any time during the period of the option.

In addition to the risks generally involved in using futures contracts, there is also a risk that price movements in interest rate and U.S. Treasury security futures contracts and related options will not correlate closely with price movements in markets for tax-exempt securities.

Stock Options and Stock Index Options

A Fund may purchase and write (i.e., sell) put and call options. Such options may relate to particular stocks or stock indices, and may or may not be listed on a domestic or foreign securities exchange and may or may not be issued by the Options Clearing Corporation (OCC). Stock index options are put options and call options on various stock indices. In most respects, they are identical to listed options on common stocks.

There is a key difference between stock options and stock index options in connection with their exercise. In the case of stock options, the underlying security, common stock, is delivered. However, upon the exercise of an index option, settlement does not occur by delivery of the securities comprising the index. The option holder who exercises the index option receives an amount of cash if the closing level of the stock index upon which the option is based is greater than (in the case of a call) or less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the difference between the closing price of the stock index and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple. A stock index fluctuates with changes in the market value of the securities included in the index. For example, some stock index options are based on a broad market index, such as the S&P 500 Index or a narrower market index, such as the S&P 100 Index. Indices may also be based on an industry or market segment, such as the AMEX Oil and Gas Index or the Computer and Business Equipment Index.

The successful use of a Fund’s options strategies depends on the ability of the Advisor to forecast interest rate and market movements correctly. When it purchases an option, a Fund runs the risk that it will lose its entire investment in the option in a relatively short period of time, unless a Fund exercises the option or enters into a closing sale transaction for such option during the life of the option. If the price of the underlying security does not rise (in the case of a call) or fall (in the case of a put) to an extent sufficient to cover the option premium and transaction costs, a Fund will lose part or all of its investment in the option. This contrasts with an investment by a Fund in the underlying securities, since a Fund may continue to hold its investment in those securities notwithstanding the lack of a change in price of those securities.

The effective use of options also depends on a Fund’s ability to terminate option positions at times when the Advisor deems it desirable to do so. Although a Fund will take an option position only if the Advisor believes there is a liquid secondary market for the option, there is no assurance that a Fund will be able to effect closing transactions at any particular time or at an acceptable price.

 

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If a secondary trading market in options were to become unavailable, a Fund could no longer engage in closing transactions. The writer in such circumstances would be subject to the risk of market decline or appreciation in the instrument during such period. If an option purchased by a Fund expires unexercised, a Fund will realize a loss equal to the premium paid. Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange include the following: (i) there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii) restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options, or underlying securities; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances, such as volume in excess of trading or clearing capability, may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (v) the facilities of an exchange or a clearing corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading volume; or (vi) one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in the class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options on the exchange that had been issued by a clearing corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.

Disruptions in the markets for the securities underlying options purchased or sold by a Fund could result in losses on the options. If trading is interrupted in an underlying security, the trading of options on that security is normally halted as well. As a result, a Fund as purchaser or writer of an option will be unable to close out its positions until options trading resumes, and it may be faced with losses if trading in the security reopens at a substantially different price. In addition, the OCC or other options markets may impose exercise restrictions. If a prohibition on exercise is imposed at a time when trading in the option has also been halted, a Fund as purchaser or writer of an option will be locked into its position until one of the two restrictions has been lifted. If a prohibition on exercise remains in effect until an option owned by a Fund has expired, a Fund could lose the entire value of its option.

Special risks are presented by internationally traded options. Because of time differences between the United States and various foreign countries, and because different holidays are observed in different countries, foreign options markets may be open for trading during hours or on days when U.S. markets are closed. As a result, option premiums may not reflect the current prices of the underlying interest in the United States.

Dealer (Over-the-Counter) Options. Dealer options are options negotiated individually through dealers rather than traded on an exchange. Certain risks are specific to dealer options. While a Fund might look to a clearing corporation to exercise exchange-traded options, if a Fund purchases a dealer option it must rely on the selling dealer to perform if a Fund exercises the option. Failure by the dealer to do so would result in the loss of the premium paid by a Fund as well as loss of the expected benefit of the transaction. Exchange-traded options generally have a continuous liquid market while dealer options more often may not. Consequently, a Fund can realize the value of a dealer option it has purchased only by exercising or reselling the option to the issuing dealer. Similarly, when a Fund writes a dealer option, a Fund can close out the option prior to its expiration only by entering into a closing purchase transaction with the dealer. While each Fund seeks to enter into dealer options only with dealers who will agree to and can enter into closing transactions with a Fund, no assurance exists that a Fund will at any time be able to liquidate a dealer option at a favorable price at any time prior to expiration. Unless a Fund, as a covered dealer call option writer, can effect a closing purchase transaction, it will not be able to liquidate securities (or other assets) used as cover until the option expires or is exercised. In the event of insolvency of the other party, a Fund may be unable to liquidate a dealer option. With respect to options written by a Fund, the inability to enter into a closing transaction may result in material losses to a Fund. For example, because a Fund must maintain a secured position with respect to any call option on a security it writes, a Fund may not sell the assets, which it has segregated to secure the position while it is obligated under the option. This requirement may impair a Fund’s ability to sell portfolio securities at a time when such sale might be advantageous.

 

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A Fund generally will treat purchased dealer options as illiquid securities. A Fund may treat the cover used for written dealer options as liquid if the dealer agrees that a Fund may repurchase the dealer option it has written for a maximum price to be calculated by a predetermined formula. In such cases, the dealer option would be considered illiquid only to the extent the maximum purchase price under the formula exceeds the intrinsic value of the option.

Writing Covered Options. A Fund may write covered call options and covered put options on securities held in its portfolio when, in the opinion of the Advisor, such transactions are consistent with a Fund’s investment goal and policies. Call options written by a Fund give the purchaser the right to buy the underlying securities from a Fund at the stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option, regardless of the security’s market price; put options give the purchaser the right to sell the underlying securities to a Fund at the stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option, regardless of the security’s market price.

A Fund may write only covered options, which means that, so long as a Fund is obligated as the writer of a call option, it will own the underlying securities subject to the option (or comparable securities satisfying the cover requirements of securities exchanges). In the case of put options, a Fund will hold cash and/or high-grade short-term debt obligations equal to the price to be paid if the option is exercised. In addition, a Fund will be considered to have covered a put or call option if and to the extent that it holds an option that offsets some or all of the risk of the option it has written. A Fund may write combinations of covered puts and calls (straddles) on the same underlying security.

A Fund will receive a premium from writing a put or call option, which increases a Fund’s return on the underlying security if the option expires unexercised or is closed out at a profit. The amount of the premium reflects, among other things, the relationship between the exercise price and the current market value of the underlying security, the volatility of the underlying security, the amount of time remaining until expiration, current interest rates, and the effect of supply and demand in the options market and in the market for the underlying security. By writing a call option, a Fund limits its opportunity to profit from any increase in the market value of the underlying security above the exercise price of the option but continues to bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security. By writing a put option, a Fund assumes the risk that it may be required to purchase the underlying security for an exercise price higher than the security’s then-current market value, resulting in a potential capital loss unless the security subsequently appreciates in value.

A Fund’s obligation to sell an instrument subject to a call option written by it, or to purchase an instrument subject to a put option written by it, may be terminated prior to the expiration date of the option by a Fund’s execution of a closing purchase transaction, which is effected by purchasing on an exchange an offsetting option of the same series (i.e., same underlying instrument, exercise price and expiration date) as the option previously written. A closing purchase transaction will ordinarily be effected in order to realize a profit on an outstanding option, to prevent an underlying instrument from being called, to permit the sale of the underlying instrument or to permit the writing of a new option containing different terms on such underlying instrument. A Fund realizes a profit or loss from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the transaction (option premium plus transaction costs) is less or more than the premium received from writing the option. Because increases in the market price of a call option generally reflect increases in the market price of the security underlying the option, any loss resulting from a closing purchase transaction may be offset in whole or in part by unrealized appreciation of the underlying security.

If a Fund writes a call option but does not own the underlying security, and when it writes a put option, a Fund may be required to deposit cash or securities with its broker as “margin” or collateral for its obligation to buy or sell the underlying security. As the value of the underlying security varies, a Fund may also have to deposit additional margin with the broker. Margin requirements are complex and are fixed by individual brokers, subject to minimum requirements currently imposed by the Federal Reserve Board and by stock exchanges and other self-regulatory organizations.

 

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Purchasing Put Options. A Fund may purchase put options to protect its portfolio holdings in an underlying security against a decline in market value. Such hedge protection is provided during the life of the put option since a Fund, as holder of the put option, is able to sell the underlying security at the put exercise price regardless of any decline in the underlying security’s market price. For a put option to be profitable, the market price of the underlying security must decline sufficiently below the exercise price to cover the premium and transaction costs. By using put options in this manner, a Fund will reduce any profit it might otherwise have realized from appreciation of the underlying security by the premium paid for the put option and by transaction costs.

Purchasing Call Options. A Fund may purchase call options to hedge against an increase in the price of securities that a Fund wants ultimately to buy. Such hedge protection is provided during the life of the call option since a Fund, as holder of the call option, is able to buy the underlying security at the exercise price regardless of any increase in the underlying security’s market price. In order for a call option to be profitable, the market price of the underlying security must rise sufficiently above the exercise price to cover the premium and transaction costs. These costs will reduce any profit a Fund might have realized had it bought the underlying security at the time it purchased the call option.

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Options. A Fund will enter into OTC options transactions only with primary dealers in U.S. Government securities and, in the case of OTC options written by a Fund, only pursuant to agreements that will assure that a Fund will at all times have the right to repurchase the option written by it from the dealer at a specified formula price. A Fund will treat the amount by which such formula price exceeds the amount, if any, by which the option may be “in-the-money” as an illiquid investment. It is the present policy of a Fund not to enter into any OTC option transaction if, as a result, more than 15% (10% in some cases, refer to your Fund’s prospectuses) of a Fund’s net assets would be invested in (i) illiquid investments (determined under the foregoing formula) relating to OTC options written by a Fund, (ii) OTC options purchased by a Fund, (iii) securities which are not readily marketable, and (iv) repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days.

Index Options. As an alternative to purchasing call and put options on index futures, a Fund may purchase call and put options on the underlying indices themselves. Such options could be used in a manner identical to the use of options on index futures. Options involving securities indices provide the holder with the right to make or receive a cash settlement upon exercise of the option based on movements in the relevant index. Such options must be listed on a national securities exchange and issued by the OCC. Such options may relate to particular securities or to various stock indices, except that a Fund may not write covered options on an index.

Foreign Stock Index Options. A Fund may, for the purpose of hedging its portfolio, subject to applicable securities regulations, purchase and write put and call options on foreign stock indices listed on foreign and domestic stock exchanges.

Swap Agreements

Swap agreements are derivative instruments that can be individually negotiated and structured to include exposure to a variety of different types of investments or market factors. Depending on their structure, swap agreements may increase or decrease a Fund’s exposure to long- or short-term interest rates, foreign currency values, mortgage securities, corporate borrowing rates, or other factors such as security prices or inflation rates. A Fund may enter into a variety of swap agreements, including interest rate, index, commodity, equity, credit default and currency exchange rate swap agreements, and other types of swap agreements such as caps, collars and floors. A Fund also may enter into swaptions, which are options to enter into a swap agreement.

In a typical interest rate swap, one party agrees to make regular payments equal to a floating interest rate times a “notional principal amount,” in return for payments equal to a fixed rate times the same amount, for a specified period of time. If a swap agreement provides for payments in different currencies, the parties might agree to exchange notional principal amount as well. In a total return swap agreement, the non-floating rate side of the swap is based on the total return of an individual security, a basket of securities, an index or another reference asset. Swaps may also depend on other prices or rates, such as the value of an index or mortgage prepayment rates.

 

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In a typical cap or floor agreement, one party agrees to make payments only under specified circumstances, usually in return for payment of a fee by the other party. For example, the buyer of an interest rate cap obtains the right to receive payments to the extent that a specified interest rate exceeds an agreed-upon level, while the seller of an interest rate floor is obligated to make payments to the extent that a specified interest rate falls below an agreed-upon level. Caps and floors have an effect similar to buying or writing options. A collar combines elements of buying a cap and selling a floor.

Swap agreements will tend to shift a Fund’s investment exposure from one type of investment to another. For example, if a Fund agreed to pay fixed rates in exchange for floating rates while holding fixed-rate bonds, the swap would tend to decrease a Fund’s exposure to long-term interest rates. Another example is if a Fund agreed to exchange payments in dollars for payments in foreign currency, the swap agreement would tend to decrease a Fund’s exposure to U.S. interest rates and increase its exposure to foreign currency and interest rates.

Swap agreements are sophisticated hedging instruments that typically involve a small investment of cash relative to the magnitude of risks assumed. As a result, swaps can be highly volatile and may have a considerable impact on a Fund’s performance. Depending on how they are used, swap agreements may increase or decrease the overall volatility of a Fund’s investments and its share price and yield. Additionally, whether a Fund’s use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend on the Advisor’s ability correctly to predict whether certain types of investments likely are to produce greater returns than other investments. Because they are two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid. Moreover, a Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. The most significant factor in the performance of swap agreements is the change in the specific interest rate, currency, or other factor that determines the amounts of payments due to and from a Fund. If a swap agreement calls for payments by a Fund, a Fund must be prepared to make such payments when due. In addition, if the counterparty’s creditworthiness declines, the value of a swap agreement likely would decline, potentially resulting in losses for a Fund. A Fund will closely monitor the credit of a swap agreement counterparty in order to attempt to minimize this risk. A Fund may also suffer losses if it is unable to terminate outstanding swap agreements (either by assignment or other disposition) or reduce its exposure through offsetting transactions (i.e., by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same party or a similarly creditworthy party).

Credit Default Swap Agreements. A Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements, which may have as reference obligations one or more securities or a basket of securities that are or are not currently held by a Fund. The protection “buyer” in a credit default contract is generally obligated to pay the protection “seller” an upfront or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no credit event, such as a default, on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. A Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If a Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, a Fund may recover nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs, the buyer generally may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity whose value may have significantly decreased. As a seller, a Fund generally receives an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap provided that there is no credit event. As the seller, a Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, a Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap.

Credit default swap agreements may involve greater risks than if a Fund had invested in the reference obligation directly since, in addition to risks relating to the reference obligation, credit default swaps are subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk and credit risk. A Fund will enter into credit default swap agreements generally with counterparties that meet certain standards of creditworthiness. A buyer generally will lose its investment and recover nothing if no credit event occurs and the swap is held to its termination date. If a credit

 

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event were to occur, the value of any deliverable obligation received by the seller, coupled with the upfront or periodic payments previously received, may be less than the full notional value it pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to the seller.

Equity Swaps. A Fund may engage in equity swaps. Equity swaps allow the parties to the swap agreement to exchange components of return on one equity investment (e.g., a basket of equity securities or an index) for a component of return on another non-equity or equity investment, including an exchange of differential rates of return. Equity swaps may be used to invest in a market without owning or taking physical custody of securities in circumstances where direct investment may be restricted for legal reasons or is otherwise impractical. Equity swaps also may be used for other purposes, such as hedging or seeking to increase total return.

The values of equity swaps can be very volatile. To the extent that the Advisor does not accurately analyze and predict the potential relative fluctuation on the components swapped with the other party, a Fund may suffer a loss. The value of some components of an equity swap (such as the dividend on a common stock) may also be sensitive to changes in interest rates. Furthermore, during the period a swap is outstanding, a Fund may suffer a loss if the counterparty defaults.

Total Return Swap Agreements. Total return swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party based on the change in market value of the assets underlying the contract, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or securities indices during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or investing directly in such market. Total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to a Fund’s portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, a Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap.

Total return swap agreements are subject to the risk that a counterparty will default on its payment obligations to a Fund thereunder, and conversely, that a Fund will not be able to meet its obligation to the counterparty. Generally, a Fund will enter into total return swaps on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted against one another with a Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of a Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each total return swap will be accrued on a daily basis, and an amount of liquid assets having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be segregated by a Fund. If the total return swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of a Fund’s obligations will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of a Fund’s obligations will be segregated by a Fund in an amount equal to or greater than the market value of the liabilities under the total return swap agreement or the amount it would have cost a Fund initially to make an equivalent direct investment, plus or minus any amount a Fund is obligated to pay or is to receive under the total return swap agreement.

Variance, Volatility and Correlation Swap Agreements. Variance and volatility swaps are contracts that provide exposure to increases or decreases in the volatility of certain referenced assets. Correlation swaps are contracts that provide exposure to increases or decreases in the correlation between the prices of different assets or different market rates.

Dollar Rolls

Dollar rolls involve selling securities (e.g., mortgage-backed securities or U.S. Treasury securities) and simultaneously entering into a commitment to purchase those or similar (same collateral type, coupon and maturity) securities on a specified future date and price. Mortgage dollar rolls and U.S. Treasury rolls are types of dollar rolls. A Fund foregoes principal and interest paid on the securities during the “roll” period. A Fund is compensated by the difference between the current sales price and the lower forward price for the future purchase of the securities as well as the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the initial sale.

 

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Dollar rolls involve the risk that the market value of the securities a Fund is obligated to repurchase may decline below the repurchase price or that the transaction costs may exceed the return earned by a Fund from the transaction. Dollar rolls also involve risk to a Fund if the other party should default on its obligation and a Fund is delayed or prevented from completing the transaction. In the event that the buyer of securities under a dollar roll files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, a Fund’s use of proceeds of the dollar roll may be restricted pending a determination by the other party, or its trustee or receiver, whether to enforce a Fund’s obligation to repurchase the securities. In addition, the security to be delivered in the future may turn out to be inferior to the security sold upon entering into the transaction.

Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign currency transactions may be used to protect, to some extent, against uncertainty in the level of future currency exchange rates by establishing a fixed exchange rate. Foreign currency transactions may involve the purchase or sale of foreign currencies on a “spot” (cash) basis at the prevailing exchange rate or may involve “forward contracts” that allow a Fund to purchase or sell foreign currencies at a future date. Forward contracts may be used for “transaction hedging,” “position hedging” and “cross-hedging.” A Fund may use forward sale contracts to sell an amount of a foreign currency approximating the value of a Fund’s securities denominated in the foreign security when that foreign currency suffers a substantial decline against the U.S. dollar. A Fund may use forward purchase contracts to purchase a foreign currency when it is believed that the U.S. dollar may suffer a substantial decline against the foreign currency. Although these transactions tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, they also tend to limit any potential gain that might be realized if the value of the hedged currency increases.

Transaction hedging may allow a Fund to “lock in” the U.S. dollar price of a security it has agreed to purchase or sell, or the U.S. dollar equivalent of a dividend or interest rate payment in a foreign currency. A Fund may use transaction hedging to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and the applicable foreign currency during the period between the date on which the security is purchased or sold, or on which the dividend or interest payment is declared, and the date on which such payments are made or received.

Position hedging may allow a Fund to protect against an adverse change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and the applicable foreign currencies in which its portfolio securities are denominated. A Fund may use position hedging when it is believed that the U.S. dollar may suffer a decline against the foreign currency by entering into a forward purchase contract to purchase that foreign currency for a fixed dollar amount.

Cross-hedging may allow a Fund to enter into a forward contract to sell a different foreign currency for a fixed U.S. dollar amount when it is believed that the U.S. dollar value of the currency to be sold pursuant to the forward contract will fall if there is a decline in the U.S. dollar value of the currency in which a Fund’s securities are denominated.

A Fund also may purchase exchange-listed and over-the-counter call and put options on foreign currencies and foreign currency contracts. Options on foreign currencies and foreign currency contracts give the holder a right to buy or sell the underlying foreign currencies or foreign currency contracts for a specified period of time and for a specified amount. The value of an option on foreign currencies or foreign currency contracts reflects the value of an exchange rate, which depends on the relative values of the U.S. dollar and the relevant foreign currency.

Engaging in foreign currency transactions is subject to certain risks. For example, if the value of a foreign currency were to decline against the U.S. dollar, such decline would reduce the dollar value of any securities held by a Fund denominated in that currency. It is impossible to forecast with precision the market value of portfolio securities at the expiration or maturity of a forward or futures contract, which may make it necessary for a Fund to purchase additional foreign currency on the spot market if the market value of the security being hedged is less

 

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than the amount of foreign currency a Fund is obligated to deliver at the time a Fund sells the security being hedged. The value of any currency, including the U.S. dollar, may be affected by political and economic factors applicable to the issuer’s country. The exchange rates of currencies also may be affected adversely by governmental actions. Transaction, position and cross-hedging do not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of securities that a Fund owns or intends to purchase or sell and may limit the amount of potential gain that might result from the increase in value of the currency being hedged. Settlement procedures relating to a Fund’s foreign currency transactions may be more complex than those relating to investments in securities of U.S. issuers.

Foreign Securities

Foreign securities include debt, equity and derivative securities that the Advisor determines are “foreign” based on the consideration of an issuer’s domicile, its principal place of business, its primary stock exchange listing, the source of its revenue or other factors. Foreign securities may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations or as zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities and may be privately placed or publicly offered. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations, Permissible Fund Investments — Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Step-Coupon Securities and Permissible Fund Investments — Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities for more information.

Foreign securities may include depositary receipts, such as American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), European Depositary Receipts (EDRs) and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs). ADRs are U.S. dollar- denominated receipts issued in registered form by a domestic bank or trust company that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign issuer. EDRs are foreign currency-denominated receipts issued in Europe, typically by foreign banks or trust companies and foreign branches of domestic banks, that evidence ownership of foreign or domestic securities. GDRs are receipts structured similarly to ADRs and EDRs and are marketed globally. Depositary receipts will not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as their underlying securities. In general, ADRs, in registered form, are designed for use in the U.S. securities markets, and EDRs, in bearer form, are designed for use in European securities markets. GDRs are tradable both in the United States and in Europe and are designed for use throughout the world. A Fund may invest in depositary receipts through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” facilities. A sponsored facility is established jointly by the issuer of the underlying security and a depositary, whereas a depositary may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by the issuer of the deposited security. Holders of unsponsored depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of such facilities and the depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute interestholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited security or to pass through voting rights to the holders of such receipts in respect of the deposited securities. The issuers of unsponsored depositary receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the United States, and, therefore, there may be limited information available regarding such issuers and/or limited correlation between available information and the market value of the depositary receipts.

Investing in foreign securities is subject to certain risks. For example, foreign markets can be extremely volatile. Fluctuations in currency exchange rates also may impact the value of foreign securities denominated in foreign currencies or U.S. dollars, without a change in the intrinsic value of those securities. Additionally, the U.S. dollar value of a foreign security tends to decrease when the value of the U.S. dollar rises against the foreign currency in which the security is denominated and tends to increase when the value of the U.S. dollar falls against such currency. A Fund may attempt to minimize the risk from adverse changes in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies by purchasing and selling forward foreign currency exchange contracts and foreign currency futures contracts and related options. Foreign securities may be less liquid than domestic securities so that a Fund may, at times, be unable to sell foreign securities at desirable prices. Brokerage commissions, custodial fees and other fees also are generally higher for foreign securities. A Fund may have limited legal recourse in the event of default with respect to certain debt securities issued by foreign governments. In addition, foreign governments may impose potentially confiscatory withholding or other taxes, which would reduce a Fund’s return on these securities.

 

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Due to the potential for foreign withholding taxes, Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) publishes two versions of its indices reflecting the reinvestment of dividends using two different methodologies: gross dividends and net dividends. While both versions reflect reinvested dividends, they differ with respect to the manner in which taxes associated with dividend payments are treated. In calculating the net dividends version, MSCI incorporates reinvested dividends applying the withholding tax rate applicable to foreign non-resident institutional investors that do not benefit from double taxation treaties. The Advisor believes that the net dividends version of MSCI indices better reflects the returns U.S. investors might expect were they to invest directly in the component securities of an MSCI Index.

Other risks of investing in foreign securities include: possible delays in the settlement of transactions or in the notification of income; generally less publicly available information about companies; adverse impact of political, social or diplomatic events; possible seizure, expropriation or nationalization of a company or its assets; possible imposition of currency exchange controls; and that foreign companies generally are not subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards comparable to those mandated for domestic companies.

Risks associated with investments in foreign securities are increased with respect to investments in emerging market countries. Political and economic structures in many emerging market countries, especially those in Eastern Europe, the Pacific Basin and the Far East, are undergoing significant evolutionary changes and rapid development, and may lack the social, political and economic stability of more developed countries. Investing in emerging market securities also involves risks beyond the risks applicable to foreign investments. For example, some emerging market countries may have fixed or managed currencies that are not free-floating against the U.S. dollar. Further, certain currencies may not be traded internationally, and some countries with emerging securities markets have sustained long periods of very high inflation or rapid fluctuation in inflation rates which can have negative effects on a country’s economy and securities markets.

Guaranteed Investment Contracts (Funding Agreements)

Guaranteed investment contracts, or funding agreements, are debt instruments issued by insurance companies. Pursuant to such contracts, a Fund may make cash contributions to a deposit fund of the insurance company’s general account. The insurance company then credits to a Fund payments at negotiated, floating or fixed interest rates. A Fund will purchase guaranteed investment contracts only from issuers that, at the time of purchase, meet certain credit and quality standards.

Investing in guaranteed investment contracts is subject to certain risks. In general, guaranteed investment contracts are not assignable or transferable without the permission of the issuing insurance companies, and an active secondary market does not exist for these investments. In addition, the issuer may not be able to pay the principal amount to a Fund on seven days notice or less, at which time the investment may be considered illiquid under applicable SEC regulatory guidance and subject to certain restrictions.

Illiquid Securities

Illiquid securities are defined by a Fund consistent with SEC staff’s current guidance and interpretations which provide that an illiquid security is an asset which may not be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the value at which a Fund has valued the investment on its books. Some securities, such as those not registered under U.S. securities laws, cannot be sold in public transactions. Subject to its investment policies, a Fund may invest in illiquid investments and may invest in certain restricted securities that are deemed to be illiquid securities.

Initial Public Offerings

A Fund may invest in initial public offerings (IPOs) of common stock or other primary or secondary syndicated offerings of equity or debt securities issued by a corporate issuer. A purchase of IPO securities often involves higher transaction costs than those associated with the purchase of securities already traded on

 

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exchanges or markets. IPO securities are subject to market risk and liquidity risk. The market value of recently issued IPO securities may fluctuate considerably due to factors such as the absence of a prior public market, unseasoned trading and speculation, a potentially small number of securities available for trading, limited information about the issuer, and other factors. A Fund may hold IPO securities for a period of time, or may sell them soon after the purchase. Investments in IPOs could have a magnified impact — either positive or negative — on a Fund’s performance while the Fund’s assets are relatively small. The impact of an IPO on a Fund’s performance may tend to diminish as the Fund’s assets grow. In circumstances when investments in IPOs make a significant contribution to a Fund’s performance, there can be no assurance that similar contributions from IPOs will continue in the future.

Investments in Other Investment Companies

Investing in other investment companies may be a means by which a Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective. A Fund may invest in securities issued by other investment companies within the limits prescribed by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any exemptive orders currently or in the future obtained by a Fund from the SEC.

Except with respect to funds structured as funds-of-funds and so called master/feeder funds, the 1940 Act generally requires that a Fund limit its investments in another investment company or series thereof so that, as determined at the time a securities purchase is made: (i) no more than 5% of the value of its total assets will be invested in the securities of any one investment company; (ii) no more than 10% of the value of its total assets will be invested in the aggregate in securities of other investment companies; and (iii) no more than 3% of the outstanding voting stock of any one investment company or series thereof will be owned by a Fund or by companies controlled by the Fund. Such other investment companies may include ETFs, which are shares of publicly traded unit investment trusts, open-end funds or depositary receipts that seek to track the performance of specific indexes or companies in related industries.

Investing in other investment companies is subject to certain risks. Although a Fund may derive certain advantages from being able to invest in shares of other investment companies, such as to be fully invested, there may be potential disadvantages. Investing in other investment companies may result in higher fees and expenses for a Fund and its shareholders. A shareholder may be charged fees not only on Fund shares held directly but also on the investment company shares that a Fund purchases.

In addition, investing in ETFs is subject to certain other risks. ETFs generally are subject to the same risks as the underlying securities the ETFs are designed to track as well as to the risks of the specific sector or industry on which the ETF relates. ETFs also are subject to the risk that their prices may not totally correlate to the prices of the underlying securities the ETFs are designed to track and the risk of possible trading halts due to market conditions or for other reasons.

Under the 1940 Act and rules and regulations thereunder, a Fund may purchase shares of other affiliated Columbia Funds, including the Money Market Funds, subject to certain conditions. Investing in affiliated Funds may present certain actual or potential conflicts of interest. For more information about such actual and potential conflicts of interest, see Investment Advisory and Other Services — Other Roles and Relationships of Bank of America and its Affiliates — Certain Conflicts of Interest.

Low and Below Investment Grade Securities

Low and below investment grade securities (below investment grade securities are also known as “junk bonds”) are debt securities with the lowest investment grade rating (e.g., BBB by S&P and Fitch or Baa by Moody’s), that are below investment grade (e.g., lower than BBB by S&P and Fitch or Baa by Moody’s) or that are unrated but determined by the Advisor to be of comparable quality. These types of securities may be issued to fund corporate transactions or restructurings, such as leveraged buyouts, mergers, acquisitions, debt reclassifications or similar events, are more speculative in nature than securities with higher ratings and tend to be more sensitive to credit risk, particularly during a downturn in the economy. These types of securities

 

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generally are issued by unseasoned companies without long track records of sales and earnings, or by companies or municipalities that have questionable credit strength. Low and below investment grade securities and comparable unrated securities: (i) likely will have some quality and protective characteristics that, in the judgment of one or more NRSROs, are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions; (ii) are speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation; and (iii) may have a less liquid secondary market, potentially making it difficult to value or sell such securities. Low and below investment grade securities may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations or as zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities and may be privately placed or publicly offered. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations, Permissible Fund Investments — Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Step-Coupon Securities and Permissible Fund Investments — Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities for more information.

Investing in low and below investment grade securities and comparable unrated securities is subject to certain risks. The rates of return on these types of securities generally are higher than the rates of return available on more highly rated securities, but generally involve greater volatility of price and risk of loss of principal and income, including the possibility of default by or insolvency of the issuers of such securities. Accordingly, a Fund may be more dependent on the Advisor’s credit analysis with respect to these types of securities than is the case for more highly rated securities.

The market values of certain low and below investment grade securities and comparable unrated securities tend to be more sensitive to individual corporate developments and changes in economic conditions than are the market value of more highly rated securities. In addition, issuers of low and below investment grade and comparable unrated securities often are highly leveraged and may not have more traditional methods of financing available to them, so that their ability to service their debt obligations during an economic downturn or during sustained periods of rising interest rates may be impaired.

The risk of loss due to default is greater for low and below investment grade and comparable unrated securities than it is for higher rated securities because low and below investment grade securities and comparable unrated securities generally are unsecured and frequently are subordinated to more senior indebtedness. A Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent that it is required to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal or interest on its holdings of such securities. The existence of limited markets for lower-rated debt securities may diminish a Fund’s ability to: (i) obtain accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing such securities and calculating portfolio net asset value; and (ii) sell the securities at fair market value either to meet redemption requests or to respond to changes in the economy or in financial markets.

Many lower-rated securities are not registered for offer and sale to the public under the 1933 Act. Investments in these restricted securities may be determined to be liquid (able to be sold within seven days at approximately the price at which they are valued by a Fund) pursuant to policies approved by the Fund’s Trustees. Investments in illiquid securities, including restricted securities that have not been determined to be liquid, may not exceed 15% of a Fund’s net assets. A Fund is not otherwise subject to any limitation on its ability to invest in restricted securities. Restricted securities may be less liquid than other lower-rated securities, potentially making it difficult to value or sell such securities.

Money Market Instruments

Money market instruments are high-quality, short-term debt obligations, which include: (i) bank obligations, including certificates of deposit, time deposits and bankers’ acceptances; (ii) funding agreements; (iii) repurchase agreements; (iv) obligations of the United States, foreign countries and supranational entities, and each of their subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities; (v) certain corporate debt securities, such as commercial paper, short-term corporate obligations and extendible commercial notes; (vi) participation interests; and (vii) municipal securities. Money market instruments may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations and may be privately placed or publicly offered. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations and Permissible Fund Investments — Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities for more information.

 

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Investing in money market instruments is subject to certain risks. Money market instruments (other than certain U.S. Government obligations) are not backed or insured by the U.S. Government, its agencies or its instrumentalities. Accordingly, only the creditworthiness of an issuer, or guarantees of that issuer, support such instruments.

Mortgage-Backed Securities

Mortgage-backed securities are a type of asset-backed security and represent interests in, or debt instruments backed by, pools of underlying mortgages. In some cases, these underlying mortgages may be insured or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies. Mortgage-backed securities entitle the security holders to receive distributions that are tied to the payments made on the underlying mortgage collateral (less fees paid to the originator, servicer, or other parties, and fees paid for credit enhancement), so that the payments made on the underlying mortgage collateral effectively pass through to such security holders. Mortgage-backed securities are created when mortgage originators (or mortgage loan sellers who have purchased mortgage loans from mortgage loan originators) sell the underlying mortgages to a special purpose entity in a process called a securitization. The special purpose entity issues securities that are backed by the payments on the underlying mortgage loans, and have a minimum denomination and specific term. Mortgage-backed securities may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations or as zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities and may be privately placed or publicly offered. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable and Floating-Rate Obligations, Permissible Fund Investments — Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Step-Coupon Securities and Permissible Fund Investments — Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities for more information.

Mortgage-backed securities may be issued or guaranteed by GNMA (also known as Ginnie Mae), FNMA (also known as Fannie Mae), or FHLMC (also known as Freddie Mac), but also may be issued or guaranteed by other issuers, including private companies. GNMA is a government-owned corporation that is an agency of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. It guarantees, with the full faith and credit of the United States, full and timely payment of all monthly principal and interest on its mortgage-backed securities. Until recently, FNMA and FHLMC were government-sponsored corporations owned entirely by private stockholders. Both issue mortgage-related securities that contain guarantees as to timely payment of interest and principal but that are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. The value of the companies’ securities fell sharply in 2008 due to concerns that the firms did not have sufficient capital to offset losses. In mid-2008, the U.S. Treasury was authorized to increase the size of home loans that FNMA and FHLMC could purchase in certain residential areas and, until 2009, to lend FNMA and FHLMC emergency funds and to purchase the companies’ stock. More recently, in September 2008, the U.S. Treasury announced that FNMA and FHLMC had been placed in conservatorship by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), a newly created independent regulator. In addition to placing the companies in conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury announced three additional steps that it intended to take with respect to FNMA and FHLMC. First, the U.S. Treasury has entered into “Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements” (PSPAs) under which, if the FHFA determines that FNMA’s or FHLMC’s liabilities have exceeded its assets under generally accepted accounting principles, the U.S. Treasury will contribute cash capital to the company in an amount equal to the difference between liabilities and assets. The PSPAs are designed to provide protection to the senior and subordinated debt and the mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC. Second, the U.S. Treasury established a new secured lending credit facility that is available to FNMA and FHLMC until December 2009. Third, the U.S. Treasury initiated a temporary program to purchase FNMA and FHLMC mortgage-backed securities, which is expected to continue until December 2009. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury initiatives discussed above with respect to the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC will be successful.

CMOs are debt obligations issued by special-purpose trusts, collateralized by underlying mortgage assets. Principal prepayments on underlying mortgage assets may cause the CMOs to be retired substantially earlier than their stated maturities or final distribution dates, resulting in a loss of all or part of the premium if any has been paid. Interest is paid or accrues on all classes of the CMOs on a periodic basis. The principal and interest payments on the underlying mortgage assets may be allocated among the various classes of CMOs in several ways. Typically, payments of principal, including any prepayments, on the underlying mortgage assets are

 

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applied to the classes in the order of their respective stated maturities or final distribution dates, so that no payment of principal is made on CMOs of a class until all CMOs of other classes having earlier stated maturities or final distribution dates have been paid in full.

REMICs are entities that own mortgages and elect REMIC status under the Code and, like CMOs, issue debt obligations collateralized by underlying mortgage assets that have characteristics similar to those issued by CMOs.

Investing in mortgage-backed securities is subject to certain risks, including, among others, prepayment, market and credit risks. Prepayment risk reflects the risk that borrowers may prepay their mortgages more quickly than expected, which may affect the security’s average maturity and rate of return. Whether or not a mortgage loan is prepaid is almost entirely controlled by the borrower. Borrowers are most likely to exercise prepayment options at the time when it is least advantageous to investors, generally prepaying mortgages as interest rates fall, and slowing payments as interest rates rise. Besides the effect of prevailing interest rates, the rate of prepayment and refinancing of mortgages also may be affected by home value appreciation, ease of the refinancing process and local economic conditions, among other factors. Market risk reflects the risk that the price of a security may fluctuate over time. The price of mortgage-backed securities can be particularly sensitive to prevailing interest rates, the length of time the security is expected to be outstanding and the liquidity of the issue. In a period of unstable interest rates, there may be decreased demand for certain types of mortgage-backed securities, which in turn may decrease their value. Credit risk reflects the risk that a holder of mortgage-backed securities may not receive all or part of its principal because the issuer, any credit enhancer and/or the underlying mortgage borrower has defaulted on its obligations. Credit risk is increased for mortgage-backed securities that are backed by mortgages to so-called subprime borrowers (who may pose a greater risk of defaulting on their loans) or that are subordinated to another security (i.e., if the holder of a mortgage-backed security is entitled to receive payments only after payment obligations to holders of the other security are satisfied). The more deeply subordinated the security, the greater the credit risk associated with the security will be. Mortgage-backed securities issued by private issuers, whether or not such obligations are subject to guarantees by the private issuer, may entail greater risk than mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by the U.S. Government. The performance of mortgage-backed securities issued by private issuers generally depends on the financial health of those institutions.

Participation Interests

Participation interests (also called pass-through certificates or securities) represent an interest in a pool of debt obligations, such as municipal bonds or notes, that have been “packaged” by an intermediary, such as a bank or broker/dealer. Participation interests typically are issued by partnerships or trusts through which a Fund receives principal and interest payments that are passed through to the holder of the participation interest from the payments made on the underlying debt obligations. The purchaser of a participation interest receives an undivided interest in the underlying debt obligations. The issuers of the underlying debt obligations make interest and principal payments to the intermediary, as an initial purchaser, which are passed through to purchasers in the secondary market, such as a Fund. Mortgage-backed securities are a common type of participation interest. Participation interests may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations or as zero-coupon, pay in-kind and step-coupon securities and may be privately placed or publicly offered. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations, Permissible Fund Investments — Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Step-Coupon Securities and Permissible Fund Investments — Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities for more information.

Loan participations also are a type of participation interest. Loan participations are interests in loans that are administered by a lending bank or agent for a syndicate of lending banks and sold by the bank or syndicate members.

Investing in participation interests is subject to certain risks. Participation interests generally are subject to the credit risk associated with the underlying borrowers. If the underlying borrower defaults, a Fund may be subject to delays, expenses and risks that are greater than those that would have been involved if a Fund had purchased a direct obligation of the borrower. A Fund also may be deemed a creditor of the lending bank or syndicate members and be subject to the risk that the lending bank or syndicate members may become insolvent.

 

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Preferred Stock

Preferred stock represents units of ownership of a corporation that frequently have dividends that are set at a specified rate. Preferred stock has preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of assets. Preferred stock shares some of the characteristics of both debt and equity. Preferred stock ordinarily does not carry voting rights. Most preferred stock is cumulative; if dividends are passed (i.e., not paid for any reason), they accumulate and must be paid before common stock dividends. Participating preferred stock entitles its holders to share in profits above and beyond the declared dividend, along with common shareholders, as distinguished from nonparticipating preferred stock, which is limited to the stipulated dividend. Convertible preferred stock is exchangeable for a given number of shares of common stock and thus tends to be more volatile than nonconvertible preferred stock, which generally behaves more like a fixed income bond.

Auction preferred stock (APS) is a type of adjustable-rate preferred stock with a dividend determined periodically in a Dutch auction process by corporate bidders. Shares typically are bought and sold at face values generally ranging from $100,000 to $500,000 per share.

In addition to reinvestment risk if interest rates fall, some specific risks with regard to APS include:

 

   

Failed auction: A breakdown in the auction process can occur; in the event that the process fails, the rate is reset at the maximum applicable rate, which is usually described in the prospectuses and typically is influenced by the issuer’s credit rating. In a failed auction, current shareholders generally are unable to sell some, or all, of the shares when the auction is completed. Typically, the liquidity for APS that have experienced a failed auction becomes very limited. If a failed auction were to occur, the shareholder generally would hold his or her shares until the next auction. Should there not be subsequent auctions that “cure” the failed process, the shareholder may: (1) hold the APS in anticipation of a refinancing by the issuer that would cause the APS to be called, or (2) hold securities either indefinitely or in anticipation of the development of a secondary market.

 

   

Early call risk: APS generally is redeemable at any time, usually upon notice, at the issuer’s option, at par plus accrued dividends.

Investing in preferred stock is subject to certain risks. For example, stock market risk is the risk that the value of such stocks, like the broader stock markets, may decline over short or even extended periods. Domestic and foreign stock markets tend to be cyclical, with periods when prices generally rise and periods when prices generally decline. The value of individual stocks will rise and decline based on factors specific to each corporation, such as changes in earnings or management.

Investing in preferred stock also may involve the risks applicable to investing in a particular company. For example, stocks of smaller companies tend to have greater price fluctuations than stocks of larger companies because, among other things, they trade less frequently and in lower volumes, are more susceptible to changes in economic conditions, are more reliant on singular products or services and are more vulnerable to larger competitors. Stocks of these companies may have a higher potential for gains but also are subject to greater risk of loss.

Investing in preferred stock also may involve the risks applicable to investing in a particular industry, such as technology, financial services, consumer goods or natural resources (e.g., oil and gas). To some extent, the prices of stocks tend to move by industry sector. When market conditions favorably affect, or are expected to favorably affect, an industry, the prices of the stocks of companies in that industry tend to rise. Conversely, negative news or a poor outlook for a particular industry can cause the value of those companies’ stock to decline.

Private Placement and Other Restricted Securities

Private placement securities are securities that have been privately placed and are not registered under the 1933 Act. They are eligible for sale only to certain eligible investors. Private placements often may offer

 

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attractive opportunities for investment not otherwise available on the open market. Private placement and other “restricted” securities often cannot be sold to the public without registration under the 1933 Act or the availability of an exemption from registration (such as Rules 144 or 144A), or they are “not readily marketable” because they are subject to other legal or contractual delays in or restrictions on resale. Asset-backed securities, common stock, convertible securities, corporate debt securities, foreign securities, low and below investment grade securities, mortgage-backed securities, municipal securities, participation interests, preferred stock and other types of equity and debt instruments may be privately placed or restricted securities.

Private placements typically may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers (or, in the case of the initial sale of certain securities, such as those issued in collateralized debt obligations or collateralized loan obligations, to accredited investors (as defined in Rule 501(a) under the 1933 Act), or in a privately negotiated transaction or to a limited number of purchasers, or in limited quantities after they have been held for a specified period of time and other conditions are met pursuant to an exemption from registration.

Investing in private placement and other restricted securities is subject to certain risks. Private placements may be considered illiquid securities. Private placements typically are subject to restrictions on resale as a matter of contract or under federal securities laws. Because there may be relatively few potential purchasers for such securities, especially under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, a Fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when it may be advisable to do so or it may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. At times, it also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing a Fund’s net asset value due to the absence of a trading market.

Real Estate Investment Trusts and Master Limited Partnerships

REITs are entities that either own properties or make construction or mortgage loans and also may include operating or finance companies. An equity REIT generally holds equity positions in real estate and seeks to provide its shareholders with income from the leasing of its properties and with capital gains from any sales of properties. A mortgage REIT generally specializes in lending money to owners of properties and passes through any interest income it may earn to its shareholders.

Partnership units of real estate and other types of companies sometimes are organized as master limited partnerships in which ownership interests are publicly traded. Master limited partnerships often own several properties or businesses (or directly own interests) that are related to real estate development and the oil and gas industries, but they also may finance motion pictures, research and development and other projects.

REITs are subject to certain risks associated with direct ownership of real estate, including, for example, declines in the value of real estate, risks related to general and local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, and variations in rental income. REITs also may be subject to interest rate risk. In general, increases in interest rates will decrease the value of high-yield securities and increase the costs of obtaining financing, which could decrease the value of a REIT’s investments. In addition, equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the REITs, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of credit extended. Both equity and mortgage REITs are dependent upon management skills. REITs also may be subject to heavy cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers, and the possibility of failing to qualify for preferential tax treatment under the Code, which could adversely affect dividend payments. REITs also may not be diversified.

Investing in master limited partnerships generally is subject to the risks applicable to investing in a partnership as opposed to a corporation, which may include fewer protections afforded to investors. Additional risks include those associated with the specific industries in which a master limited partnership invests, such as the risks associated with investing in the real estate or oil and gas industries.

 

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Repurchase Agreements

Repurchase agreements are agreements under which a Fund acquires a security for a relatively short period of time subject to the obligation of a seller to repurchase and a Fund to resell such security at a fixed time and price (representing a Fund’s cost plus interest). Repurchase agreements also may be viewed as loans made by a Fund that are collateralized by the securities subject to repurchase. A Fund typically will enter into repurchase agreements only with commercial banks, registered broker/dealers and the Fixed Income Clearing Corporation. Such transactions are monitored to ensure that the value of the underlying securities will be at least equal at all times to the total amount of the repurchase obligation, including any accrued interest. Repurchase agreements generally are subject to counterparty risk.

If a counterparty defaults, a Fund could realize a loss on the sale of the underlying security to the extent that the proceeds of the sale are less than the resale price provided in the repurchase agreement including interest. In the event that a counterparty fails to perform because it is insolvent or otherwise subject to insolvency proceedings against it, a Fund’s right to take possession of the underlying securities would be subject to applicable insolvency law and procedure, including an automatic stay (which would preclude immediate enforcement of the Fund’s rights) and exemptions thereto (which would permit the Fund to take possession of the underlying securities or to void a repurchase agreement altogether). Since it is possible that an exemption from the automatic stay would not be available, a Fund might be prevented from immediately enforcing its rights against the counterparty. Accordingly, if a counterparty becomes insolvent or otherwise subject to insolvency proceedings against it, a Fund may incur delays in or be prevented from liquidating the underlying securities and could experience losses, including the possible decline in value of the underlying securities during the period in which the Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto, possible subnormal levels of income or lack of access to income during such time, as well as the costs incurred in enforcing the Fund’s rights. For example, if a Fund enters into a repurchase agreement with a broker that becomes insolvent, it is possible for the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) to institute a liquidation proceeding in federal court against the broker counterparty which could lead to a foreclosure by SIPC of the underlying securities or SIPC may stay, or preclude, the Fund’s ability under contract to terminate the repurchase agreement.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

Reverse repurchase agreements are agreements under which a Fund sells a security subject to the obligation of a buyer to resell and a Fund to repurchase such security at a fixed time and price. Reverse repurchase agreements also may be viewed as borrowings made by a Fund.

Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of the securities a Fund is obligated to repurchase under the agreement may decline below the repurchase price. In the event the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, a Fund’s use of proceeds of the agreement may be restricted pending a determination by the other party, or its trustee or receiver, whether to enforce a Fund’s obligation to repurchase the securities. In addition, reverse repurchase agreements are techniques involving leverage, and are subject to asset coverage requirements. Under the requirements of the 1940 Act, a Fund is required to maintain an asset coverage (including the proceeds of the borrowings) of at least 300% of all borrowings.

Stripped Securities

Stripped securities are securities that evidence ownership in either the future interest or principal payments on an instrument. There are many different types and variations of stripped securities. For example, Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal Securities (STRIPs) can be component parts of a U.S. Treasury security where the principal and interest components are traded independently through DTC, a clearing agency registered pursuant to Section 17A of the 1934 Act and created to hold securities for its participants, and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between participants through electronic computerized book-entries, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. Treasury Investor

 

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Growth Receipts (TIGERs) are U.S. Treasury securities stripped by brokers. Stripped mortgage-backed securities, or SMBS, also can be issued by the U.S. Government or its agencies. Stripped securities may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations for more information.

SMBS usually are structured with two or more classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions from a pool of mortgage-backed assets. Common types of SMBS will be structured so that one class receives some of the interest and most of the principal from the mortgage-backed assets, while another class receives most of the interest and the remainder of the principal.

Investing in stripped securities is subject to certain risks. If the underlying obligations experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, a Fund may fail fully to recoup its initial investment in such securities. The market value of the class consisting primarily or entirely of principal payments can be especially volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The rates of return on a class of SMBS that receives all or most of the interest are generally higher than prevailing market rates of return on other mortgage-backed obligations because their cash flow patterns also are volatile and there is a greater risk that the initial investment will not be recouped fully.

U.S. Government and Related Obligations

U.S. Government obligations include U.S. Treasury obligations and securities issued or guaranteed by various agencies of the U.S. Government or by various instrumentalities which have been established or sponsored by the U.S. Government. U.S. Treasury obligations and securities issued or guaranteed by various agencies of the U.S. Government differ in their interest rates, maturities and time of issuance, as well as with respect to whether they are guaranteed by the U.S. Government. U.S. Government and related obligations may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations. See Permissible Fund Investments — Variable and Floating-Rate Obligations for more information.

Investing in U.S. Government and related obligations is subject to certain risks. While U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. Government, securities issued or guaranteed by federal agencies and U.S. Government-sponsored instrumentalities may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. These securities may be supported by the ability to borrow from the U.S. Treasury or only by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality and, as a result, may be subject to greater credit risk than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies, authorities, instrumentalities and sponsored enterprises historically have involved limited risk of loss of principal if held to maturity. However, no assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to any of these entities if it is not obligated to do so by law.

Variable- and Floating-Rate Obligations

Variable- and floating-rate obligations provide for periodic adjustments in the interest rate and, under certain circumstances, varying principal amounts. Unlike a fixed interest rate, a variable, or floating, rate is one that rises and declines based on the movement of an underlying index of interest rates and may pay interest at rates that are adjusted periodically according to a specified formula. Asset-backed securities, bank obligations, convertible securities, corporate debt securities, foreign securities, low and below investment grade securities, money market instruments, mortgage-backed securities, municipal securities, participation interests, stripped securities, U.S. Government and related obligations and other types of debt instruments may be structured as variable- and floating-rate obligations.

Investing in variable- and floating-rate obligations is subject to certain risks. Variable- and floating-rate obligations may involve direct lending arrangements between the purchaser and the issuer and there may be no active secondary market, making it difficult to resell such obligations to a third party. Variable- and floating-rate

 

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obligations also may be subject to interest rate and credit risks. Changes in interest rates can affect the rate of return on such obligations. If an issuer of a variable- or floating rate obligation defaults, a Fund could sustain a loss to the extent of such default.

Warrants and Rights

Warrants and rights are types of securities that give a holder a right to purchase shares of common stock. Warrants usually are issued together with a bond or preferred stock and entitle a holder to purchase a specified amount of common stock at a specified price typically for a period of years. Rights usually have a specified purchase price that is lower than the current market price and entitle a holder to purchase a specified amount of common stock typically for a period of only weeks. Warrants may be used to enhance the marketability of a bond or preferred stock.

Warrants and rights may be subject to the risk that the securities could lose value. There also is the risk that the potential exercise price may exceed the market price of the warrants or rights, such as when there is no movement in the market price or the market price of such securities declines.

When-Issued, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitment Transactions

When-issued, delayed delivery and forward commitment transactions involve the purchase or sale of securities by a Fund, with payment and delivery taking place in the future. When engaging in when-issued, delayed delivery and forward commitment transactions, a Fund typically will hold cash or liquid securities in a segregated account in an amount equal to or greater than the purchase price. The payment obligation and, if applicable, the interest rate that will be received on the securities, are fixed at the time that a Fund agrees to purchase the securities. A Fund generally will enter into when-issued, delayed delivery and forward commitment transactions only with the intention of completing such transactions. However, the Advisor may determine not to complete a transaction if it deems it appropriate. In such cases, a Fund may realize short-term gains or losses.

When-issued, delayed delivery and forward commitment transactions involve the risks that the securities purchased may fall in value by the time they actually are issued or that the other party may fail to honor the contract terms. A Fund that invests in delayed delivery securities may rely on a third party to complete the transaction. Failure by a third party to deliver a security purchased on a delayed delivery basis may result in a financial loss to a Fund or the loss of an opportunity to make an alternative investment.

Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Step-Coupon Securities

Zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities are types of debt instruments that do not necessarily make payments of interest in fixed amounts or at fixed intervals. Asset-backed securities, convertible securities, corporate debt securities, foreign securities, low and below investment grade securities, mortgage-backed securities, municipal securities, participation interests, stripped securities, U.S. Government and related obligations and other types of debt instruments may be structured as zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities.

Zero-coupon securities do not pay interest on a current basis but instead accrue interest over the life of the security. These securities include, among others, zero-coupon bonds, which either may be issued at a discount by a corporation or government entity or may be created by a brokerage firm when it strips the coupons from a bond or note and then sells the bond or note and the coupon separately. This technique is used frequently with U.S. Treasury bonds, and zero-coupon securities are marketed under such names as CATS (Certificate of Accrual on Treasury Securities), TIGERs or STRIPS. Zero-coupon bonds also are issued by municipalities. Buying a municipal zero-coupon bond frees its purchaser of the obligation to pay regular federal income tax on imputed interest, since the interest is exempt for regular federal income tax purposes. Zero-coupon certificates of deposit and zero-coupon mortgages are generally structured in the same fashion as zero-coupon bonds; the certificate of deposit holder or mortgage holder receives face value at maturity and no payments until then.

 

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Pay-in-kind securities normally give the issuer an option to pay cash at a coupon payment date or to give the holder of the security a similar security with the same coupon rate and a face value equal to the amount of the coupon payment that would have been made.

Step-coupon securities trade at a discount from their face value and pay coupon interest. The coupon rate is paid according to a schedule for a series of periods, typically lower for an initial period and then increasing to a higher coupon rate thereafter. The discount from the face amount or par value depends on the time remaining until cash payments begin, prevailing interest rates, liquidity of the security and the perceived credit quality of the issue.

Zero-coupon, step-coupon and pay-in-kind securities holders generally have substantially all the rights and privileges of holders of the underlying coupon obligations or principal obligations. Holders of these securities have the right upon default on the underlying coupon obligations or principal obligations to proceed directly and individually against the issuer and are not required to act in concert with other holders of such securities.

Investing in zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities is subject to certain risks, including that market prices of zero-coupon, pay-in-kind step-coupon securities generally are more volatile than the prices of securities that pay interest periodically and in cash, and are likely to respond to changes in interest rates to a greater degree than other types of debt securities.

Because zero-coupon securities bear no interest, they are volatile. Since zero-coupon bondholders do not receive interest payments, zero-coupon securities fall more dramatically than bonds paying interest on a current basis when interest rates rise. However, when interest rates fall, zero-coupon securities rise more rapidly in value than interest paying bonds.

Borrowings

Each Fund has a fundamental policy with respect to borrowing that can be found under the heading About the Funds’ Investments—Fundamental and Non-Fundamental Investment Policies. Specifically, each Fund may not borrow money or issue senior securities except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations thereunder and any exemptive relief obtained by the Funds. In general, pursuant to the 1940 Act, a Fund may borrow money only from banks in an amount not exceeding 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) less liabilities (other than borrowings). Any borrowings that come to exceed this amount must be reduced within three days (not including Sundays and holidays) to the extent necessary to comply with the 33 1/3% limitation.

The Funds participate in a committed line of credit (Line of Credit). Any advance under the Line of Credit is contemplated primarily for temporary or emergency purposes, including the meeting of redemption requests that otherwise might require the untimely sale of portfolio securities.

Pursuant to an exemptive order from the SEC, the Funds may, subject to certain conditions, borrow money from other funds in the Columbia Funds Family for temporary emergency purposes in order to facilitate redemption requests, or for other purposes consistent with Fund investment policies and restrictions. All loans are set at an interest rate between the rates charged on overnight repurchase agreements and short-term bank loans.

Short Sales

A Fund will sometimes sell securities short when it owns an equal amount of such securities as those securities sold short. This is a technique known as selling short “against the box.” If a Fund makes a short sale “against the box,” it would not immediately deliver the securities sold and would not receive the proceeds from the sale. The seller is said to have a short position in the securities sold until it delivers the securities sold, at which time it receives the proceeds of the sale. To secure its obligation to deliver securities sold short, a Fund will deposit in escrow in a separate account with the custodian an equal amount of the securities sold short or securities convertible into or exchangeable for such securities. A Fund can close out its short position by

 

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purchasing and delivering an equal amount of the securities sold short, rather than by delivering securities already held by a Fund, because a Fund might want to continue to receive interest and dividend payments on securities in its portfolio that are convertible into the securities sold short.

Subject to its fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies, a Fund may engage in short sales that are not “against the box,” which are sales by a Fund of securities or commodity futures contracts that it does not own in hopes of purchasing the same security at a later date at a lower price. The technique is also used to protect a profit in a long-term position in a security or commodity futures contract. To make delivery to the buyer, a Fund must borrow or purchase the security. If borrowed, a Fund is then obligated to replace the security borrowed from the third party, so a Fund must purchase the security at the market price at a later time. If the price of the security has increased during this time, then a Fund will incur a loss equal to the increase in price of the security from the time of the short sale plus any premiums and interest paid to the third party. (Until the security is replaced, a Fund is required to pay to the lender amounts equal to any dividends or interest which accrue during the period of the loan. To borrow the security, a Fund also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet the margin requirements, until the short position is closed out.)

Short sales by a Fund that are not made “against the box” create opportunities to increase a Fund’s return but, at the same time, involve specific risk considerations and may be considered a speculative technique. Because a Fund in effect profits from a decline in the price of the securities sold short without the need to invest the full purchase price of the securities on the date of the short sale, a Fund’s NAV per share tends to increase more when the securities it has sold short decrease in value, and to decrease more when the securities it has sold short increase in value, than if it had not engaged in such short sales. The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of any premium, dividends or interest a Fund may be required to pay in connection with the short sale. Short sales could potentially involve unlimited loss, as the market price of securities sold short may continually increase, although a Fund can mitigate any such losses by replacing the securities sold short. Under adverse market conditions, a Fund might have difficulty purchasing securities to meet its short sale delivery obligations, and might have to sell portfolio securities to raise the capital necessary to meet its short sale obligations at a time when fundamental investment considerations would not favor such sales. There is also the risk that the third party to the short sale may fail to honor its contract terms, causing a loss to a Fund.

Short sales “against the box” entail many of the same risks and considerations described above regarding short sales not “against the box.” However, when a Fund sells short “against the box” it typically limits the amount of securities that it has leveraged. A Fund’s decision to make a short sale “against the box” may be a technique to hedge against market risks when the Advisor believes that the price of a security may decline, causing a decline in the value of a security owned by a Fund or a security convertible into or exchangeable for such security. In such case, any future losses in a Fund’s long position would be reduced by a gain in the short position. The extent to which such gains or losses in the long position are reduced will depend upon the amount of securities sold short relative to the amount of the securities a Fund owns, either directly or indirectly, and, in the case where a Fund owns convertible securities, changes in the investment values or conversion premiums of such securities. Short sales may have adverse tax consequences to a Fund and its shareholders.

A Fund’s successful use of short sales also will be subject to the ability of the Advisor to predict movements in the directions of the relevant market. A Fund therefore bears the risk that the Advisor will incorrectly predict future price directions. In addition, if a Fund sells a security short, and that security’s price goes up, a Fund will have to make up the margin on its open position (i.e., purchase more securities on the market to cover the position). It may be unable to do so and thus its position may not be closed out. There can be no assurance that a Fund will not incur significant losses in such a case.

In the view of the SEC, a short sale involves the creation of a “senior security” as such term is defined in the 1940 Act, unless the sale is “against the box” and the securities sold short are placed in a segregated account (not with the broker), or unless a Fund’s obligation to deliver the securities sold short is “covered” by placing in a segregated

 

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account (not with the broker) cash, U.S. Government securities or other liquid debt or equity securities in an amount equal to the difference between the market value of the securities sold short at the time of the short sale and any such collateral required to be deposited with a broker in connection with the sale (not including the proceeds from the short sale), which difference is adjusted daily for changes in the value of the securities sold short. The total value of the cash, U.S. Government securities or other liquid debt or equity securities deposited with the broker and otherwise segregated may not at any time be less than the market value of the securities sold short at the time of the short sale.

Lending Securities

Securities lending refers to the lending of a Fund’s portfolio securities. Subject to its investment policies described above and in the prospectuses, a Fund may make secured loans of its portfolio securities to broker/dealers and other institutional investors. Securities loans are made pursuant to agreements that require that loans be secured continuously by collateral in cash or short-term debt obligations at least equal to the value of the securities loaned. A Fund retains all or a portion of the interest received on investment of cash collateral, or receives a fee from the borrower where collateral is provided in the form of short-term debt obligations. A borrower will pay to a Fund an amount equal to any dividends or interest received on securities loaned, but a Fund typically will pay for lending fees and related expenses from interest earned on investments of cash collateral. Although voting rights, or rights to consent, with respect to loaned securities pass to a borrower, a Fund retains the right to call the loans at any time on reasonable notice, and may do so in order to vote upon matters affecting, or to sell, the loaned securities.

Engaging in securities lending is subject to certain risks, including counterparty risk, which is the risk that the counterparty to a transaction could default. There also is a risk of possible delay in the recovery of loaned securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral if a borrower fails financially.

Portfolio Turnover

A change in the securities held by a Fund is known as “portfolio turnover.” High portfolio turnover (e.g., over 100%) involves correspondingly greater expenses to the Fund, including brokerage commissions or dealer mark-ups and other transaction costs on the sale of securities and reinvestments in other securities. Such sales may also result in adverse tax consequences to a Fund’s shareholders. The trading costs and tax effects associated with portfolio turnover may adversely affect a Fund’s performance.

For each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate, see the Financial Highlights section in the prospectuses for that Fund.

Disclosure of Portfolio Information

The Board has adopted policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Columbia Funds’ portfolio holdings. These policies and procedures are designed to ensure that disclosure of information regarding the Columbia Funds’ portfolio securities is in the best interests of Columbia Fund shareholders and to address conflicts between the interests of Columbia Fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the Advisor, the Distributor or any affiliated person of a Columbia Fund, on the other. These policies and procedures provide that Columbia Funds portfolio holdings information generally may not be disclosed to any party prior to the earlier of: (i) the business day next following the posting of such information on the Columbia Funds’ website, if applicable, or (ii) the time a Columbia Fund discloses the information in a publicly available SEC filing required to include such information. Certain limited exceptions that have been approved consistent with the policies and procedures are described below. The Board is updated as needed regarding compliance with these policies and procedures. The policies and procedures prohibit the Advisor and the Columbia Funds’ other service providers from entering into any agreement to disclose Columbia Fund portfolio holdings information in exchange for any form of consideration. These policies and procedures apply to all categories of Columbia Funds and include some variations tailored to the different categories of Columbia Funds. Accordingly, some of the provisions described below do not apply to the Columbia Fund(s) covered by this SAI. The Advisor also has adopted policies and procedures to monitor for compliance with these portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures.

 

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Public Disclosures

The Columbia Funds’ portfolio holdings are currently disclosed to the public through required filings with the SEC and on the Columbia Funds’ website. This information is available on the Columbia Funds’ website as described below.

 

   

For equity, convertible, balanced and asset allocation Columbia Funds, other than small-cap and specialty Columbia Funds, a complete list of portfolio holdings as of a month-end is posted approximately 15 calendar days after such month-end.

 

   

For small cap and specialty Columbia Funds and those Columbia Funds that are sub-advised by Marsico, a sub-advisor for certain Columbia Funds, a complete list of portfolio holdings as of a month end is posted approximately 30 calendar days after such month-end.

 

   

For fixed income Columbia Funds, a complete list of portfolio holdings as of a fiscal quarter-end is posted approximately 30 calendar days after such quarter-end.

 

   

For Columbia Money Market Funds, a complete list of portfolio holdings as of a month-end is posted approximately 5 business days after such month-end.

Certain Columbia Funds also disclose their largest holdings, as a percent of the market values of the Columbia Funds’ portfolios, as of a month-end on their website, generally within 15 calendar days after such month-end. In general, the equity Columbia Funds post their largest 10-15 holdings, the balanced Columbia Funds post their largest 5 equity holdings, and certain fixed income Columbia Funds post their largest 5-15 holdings by security or issuer.

The Columbia Funds may also disclose more current portfolio holdings information as of specified dates on the Columbia Funds’ website.

The scope of the information that is made available on the Columbia Funds’ website pursuant to the Columbia Funds’ policies relating to a Columbia Fund’s portfolio may change from time to time without prior notice.

The Columbia Funds file their portfolio holdings with the SEC for each fiscal quarter on Form N-CSR (with respect to each annual period and semi-annual period) and Form N-Q (with respect to the first and third quarters of each Columbia Fund’s fiscal year). Shareholders may obtain each Columbia Fund’s Form N-CSR and N-Q filings on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov, a link to which is provided on the Columbia Funds’ website. In addition, each Columbia Fund’s Form N-CSR and N-Q filings may be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, D.C. You may call the SEC at 202.551.8090 for information about the SEC’s website or the operation of the public reference room.

With respect to variable insurance trusts in the Columbia Funds Family, holdings information is disclosed no earlier than the time such information is filed in a publicly available SEC filing required to include such information.

The Columbia Funds, the Advisor and their affiliates may include portfolio holdings information that already has been made public through a website posting or SEC filing in marketing literature and other communications to shareholders, advisors or other parties, provided that the information is disclosed no earlier than the business day after the date the information is disclosed publicly on the Columbia Funds’ website or no earlier than the time a Columbia Fund files such information in a publicly available SEC filing required to include such information.

Other Disclosures

The Columbia Funds’ policies and procedures provide that no disclosures of the Columbia Funds’ portfolio holdings may be made prior to the portfolio holdings information being made public unless (i) the Columbia Funds have a legitimate business purpose for making such disclosure, (ii) the Columbia Funds’ President and Chief Executive Officer authorizes such non-public disclosure of information, and (iii) the party receiving the non-public information enters into an appropriate confidentiality agreement or is otherwise subject to a confidentiality obligation.

 

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In determining the existence of a legitimate business purpose for making portfolio disclosures, the following factors, among others, are considered: (i) any prior disclosure must be consistent with the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws and the fiduciary duties of the Advisor; (ii) any conflicts of interest between the interests of Columbia Fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the Advisor, the Distributor or any affiliated person of a Columbia Fund, on the other; and (iii) any prior disclosure to a third party, although subject to a confidentiality agreement, would not make conduct lawful that otherwise is unlawful.

In addition, the Columbia Funds periodically disclose their portfolio information on a confidential basis to various service providers that require such information to assist the Columbia Funds with their day-to-day business affairs. In addition to the Advisor and its affiliates, these service providers include each Columbia Fund’s sub-advisor(s) (if any), the Columbia Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, legal counsel, financial printers, proxy solicitor and proxy voting service provider, as well as ratings agencies that maintain ratings on certain Columbia Funds. These service providers are required to keep such information confidential, and are prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the Columbia Funds. The Columbia Funds also may disclose portfolio holdings information to broker/dealers and certain other entities in connection with potential transactions and management of the Columbia Funds, provided that reasonable precautions, including limitations on the scope of the portfolio holdings information disclosed, are taken to avoid any potential misuse of the disclosed information.

The Columbia Funds currently have ongoing arrangements with certain approved recipients with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings information prior to such information being made public. Portfolio holdings information disclosed to such recipients is current as of the time of its disclosure, is disclosed to each recipient solely for purposes consistent with the services described below and has been authorized by the Columbia Funds’ President and Chief Executive Officer. These special arrangements are described in the table below.

Ongoing Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Arrangements

 

IDENTITY OF RECIPIENT

   COMPENSATION/
CONSIDERATION
RECEIVED
  

CONDITIONS/RESTRICTIONS

ON USE OF INFORMATION

   FREQUENCY OF
DISCLOSURE
Standard & Poor’s    None    Use to maintain ratings for certain Money Market Funds.    Weekly
InvestorTools, Inc.    None    Access granted solely for the purpose of testing back office conversion of trading systems.    Real time
ING Insurance Company    None    Access granted for specific Columbia Funds for ING’s creation of client/shareholder materials. ING may not distribute materials until the holdings information is made public.    Quarterly
Glass-Lewis & Co.    None    Access in connection with testing the firm’s proxy services.    Daily
CMS Bondedge    None    Access when assisting in resolving technical difficulties with application used by the Advisor’s Fixed Income Portfolio Management team as an analytical and trading tool.    Ad hoc

 

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IDENTITY OF RECIPIENT

   COMPENSATION/
CONSIDERATION
RECEIVED
  

CONDITIONS/RESTRICTIONS

ON USE OF INFORMATION

   FREQUENCY OF
DISCLOSURE
Linedata Services, Inc.    None    Access when assisting in resolving technical difficulties with the software for the LongView Trade Order Management System.    Ad hoc
JP Morgan    None    Access to provide the Advisor’s High Yield portfolio management team with peer group analysis reports for purposes of analyzing the portfolio.    Monthly
Malaspina Communications    None    Use to facilitate writing, publishing and mailing Columbia Fund shareholder reports and communications including shareholder letter and management’s discussion of Columbia Fund performance.    Quarterly
Evare LLP    None    Use for standardizing and reformatting data according to the Advisor’s specifications for use in the reconciliation process.    Daily
FactSet Research Systems, Inc.    None    Use for provision of quantitative analytics, charting and fundamental data to the Advisor, and Marsico Capital Management, LLC, sub-advisor to certain Columbia Funds.    Daily
RR Donnelley/WE Andrews    None    Access as printers for the Columbia Funds’ prospectuses, supplements, SAIs, fact sheets and brochures.    Monthly
Merrill Corporation    None    Use to provide fulfillment of the Columbia Funds’ prospectuses, supplements, SAIs and sales materials.    Monthly
Citigroup    None    Access when assisting in resolving technical difficulties with Yield Book, an analytic software program that the Advisor uses to perform ongoing risk analysis and management of certain fixed income Columbia Funds and fixed income separately managed accounts.    Daily
Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS)    None    Proxy voting administration and research on proxy matters utilized by MacKay Shields LLC, sub-advisor to certain Columbia Funds.    Daily

 

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IDENTITY OF RECIPIENT

   COMPENSATION/
CONSIDERATION
RECEIVED
  

CONDITIONS/RESTRICTIONS

ON USE OF INFORMATION

   FREQUENCY OF
DISCLOSURE
Cogent Consulting LLC    None    Utilized by Marsico Capital Management, LLC, sub-advisor to certain Columbia Funds, to facilitate the evaluation of commission rates and to provide flexible commission reporting.    Daily
Moody’s    None    Ongoing portfolio surveillance for ratings they maintain on the Money Market Funds.    Monthly
Kynex    None    Use to provide portfolio attribution reports.    Daily
Bowne & Co.    None    Use for printing of the following materials: prospectuses, supplements and SAIs.    Monthly/
quarterly
Bloomberg    None    Use for portfolio analytics.    Daily
Barclays Point    None    Use for analytics including risk and attribution assessment.    Daily
Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc.    None    Proxy voting and research utilized by Marsico Capital Management, LLC, sub-advisor to certain Columbia Funds.    Daily
Investment Technology Group, Inc. (ITG, formerly known as Macgregor)    None    Order management system utilized by Marsico Capital Management, LLC, sub-advisor to certain Columbia Funds that stores trading data and is used for trading and compliance purposes.    Ad hoc
Advent/AXP    None    Portfolio accounting system utilized by Marsico Capital Management, LLC, sub-advisor to certain Columbia Funds, for both portfolio accounting and internal recordkeeping purposes.    Ad hoc
Investment Technology Group, Inc. (ITG, formerly known as Plexus Group)    None    Evaluation and assessment of trading activity, execution and practices by the Advisor.    Five days
after
quarter-end
BANA and State Street    None    Credit analysis performed by lenders.    Ad hoc
State Street    None    Use to provide custodian services.    Real time
Lipper    None    Use to create metrics for board and executive management reporting, product and marketing analysis, and fund performance.    Daily
Morningstar, Inc.    None    Use for independent research and ranking of Columbia Funds.    Daily

 

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INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES

The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services

The Advisor (which is also the Administrator) has been a registered investment advisor since 1995. The Advisor is a wholly owned subsidiary of Columbia Management Group, LLC, which is the primary investment division of Bank of America. The Advisor and Columbia Management Group, LLC are located at 100 Federal Street, Boston MA 02110.

Services Provided

Pursuant to the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for the overall management and supervision of the investment management of each Fund. The Advisor performs its duties subject at all times to the control of the Board and in conformity with the stated policies of each Fund. In rendering investment advisory services, the Advisor may use the portfolio management and research resources of Columbia Management Pte. Ltd., an affiliate of the Advisor. Columbia Management Pte. Ltd. is not registered with the SEC as an investment advisor under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Columbia Management Pte. Ltd. has entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Advisor pursuant to which Columbia Management Pte. Ltd. is considered a “participating affiliate” of the Advisor as that term is used in relief granted by the staff of the SEC allowing U.S. registered investment advisors to use portfolio management or research resources of advisory affiliates subject to the supervision of a registered investment advisor. Investment professionals from Columbia Management Pte. Ltd. may render portfolio management or research services to clients of the Advisor, including the Fund, under the MOU, and are subject to supervision by the Advisor.

The Investment Advisory Agreement generally provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the Advisor’s obligations or duties thereunder, the Advisor shall not be subject to liability to the Trust or to a Fund for any act or omission in the course of, or connected with, rendering services thereunder.

The Investment Advisory Agreement became effective with respect to each Fund after approval by the Board, and after an initial two year period, continues from year to year, provided that such continuation of the Investment Advisory Agreement is specifically approved at least annually by the Board, including its Independent Trustees. The Investment Advisory Agreement terminates automatically in the event of its assignment, and is terminable with respect to a Fund at any time without penalty by the Trust (by vote of the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund) on at least 60 days’ notice or by the Advisor on at least 60 days’ written notice.

The Advisor pays all salaries of officers of the Trust, except for the Chief Compliance Officer, a portion of whose salary is paid by the Columbia Funds. The Trust pays all expenses not assumed by the Advisor including, but not limited to, auditing, legal, custodial, shareholder servicing and shareholder reporting expenses. The Trust pays the cost of printing and mailing Fund prospectuses to shareholders. The Distributor pays the cost of printing and distributing all other prospectuses.

Advisory Fee Rates and Fees Paid

The Funds pay the Advisor an annual fee for its investment advisory services, as set forth in the Investment Advisory Agreement, and as shown in the section entitled Fees and Expenses of the Fund — Annual Fund Operating Expenses in each Fund’s prospectuses. The fee is calculated as a percentage of the average daily net assets of each Fund and is paid monthly. The Advisor also may pay amounts from its own assets to the Distributor and/or to selling and/or servicing agents for services they provide.

The Advisor received fees from the Funds for its services as reflected in the following chart, which shows the advisory fees paid to the Advisor and the advisory fees waived/reimbursed by the Advisor, where applicable, for the three most recently completed fiscal years.

 

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Advisory Fees Paid by the Funds

 

Fund

   Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2009
     Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2008
     Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2007
 

High Yield Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 939,913       $ 1,146,946       $ 1,570,602   

Amount Waived/Reimbursed by the Advisor

     559,639         610,553         851,295   

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 1,034,789       $ 958,609       $ 450,503   

Amount Waived/Reimbursed by the Advisor

     67,290         16,505         80,907   

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 651,496       $ 1,079,535       $ 1,509,636   

Amount Waived/Reimbursed by the Advisor

     68,502         10,192         —     

Marsico Growth Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 11,372,244       $ 9,570,555       $ 6,390,329   

Amount Waived/Reimbursed by the Advisor

     —           87,557         —     

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 1,673,782       $ 2,684,119       $ 3,309,526   

Amount Waived/Reimbursed by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 187,169       $ 298,351       $ 420,111   

Amount Waived/Reimbursed by the Advisor

     195,744         114,731         89,607   

Portfolio Manager(s)

The following provides additional information about the portfolio manager(s) of the Advisor who are responsible for making the day-to-day investment decisions for the Funds. As described in the Management of the Fund — Primary Service Providers section of each Fund’s prospectuses, the portfolio manager(s) of the Advisor who are responsible for the Mid Cap Growth Fund VS are:

Portfolio Manager(s) of the Advisor

 

Portfolio Manager

   Fund

Wayne M. Collette

   Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

George J. Myers

   Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

Lawrence W. Lin

   Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

Brian D. Neigut

   Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

Compensation

As of the Funds’ most recent fiscal year end, the Advisor’s portfolio managers received all of their compensation from the Advisor and its parent company, Columbia Management Group, LLC, in the form of salary, bonus, stock options, restricted stock, and notional investments through an incentive plan, the value of which is measured by reference to the performance of the Columbia Funds in which the account is invested. A portfolio manager’s bonus is variable and generally is based on (1) an evaluation of the portfolio manager’s investment performance and (2) the results of a peer and/or management review of the portfolio manager, which takes into account skills and attributes such as team participation, investment process, communication and professionalism. In evaluating investment performance, the Advisor generally considers the one, three and five year performance of mutual funds and other accounts managed by the portfolio manager relative to the

 

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benchmarks and peer groups noted below, emphasizing the portfolio manager’s three and five year performance. The Advisor also may consider a portfolio manager’s performance in managing client assets in sectors and industries assigned to the portfolio manager as part of his/her investment team responsibilities, where applicable. For portfolio managers who also have group management responsibilities, another factor in their evaluation is an assessment of the group’s overall investment performance.

Performance Benchmarks

 

Portfolio Managers

 

Performance Benchmark

  Peer Group
Wayne M. Collette   Russell MidCap Growth Index Russell MidCap Index   Lipper Variable Underlying Funds
Mid-Cap Growth Classification
George J. Myers   Russell MidCap Growth Index Russell MidCap Index   Lipper Variable Underlying Funds
Mid-Cap Growth Classification
Lawrence W. Lin   Russell MidCap Growth Index Russell MidCap Index   Lipper Variable Underlying Funds
Mid-Cap Growth Classification
Brian D. Neigut   Russell MidCap Growth Index Russell MidCap Index   Lipper Variable Underlying Funds
Mid-Cap Growth Classification

Other Accounts

The following table shows the number and assets of other investment accounts (or portions of investment accounts) that the portfolio manager(s) of the Advisor managed, as of December 31, 2009.

Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Manager(s)

 

Portfolio Manager

   Other SEC-registered  open-end
and closed-end funds
     Other pooled  investment
vehicles
     Other accounts  
     Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets  

Wayne M. Collette

     7       $ 2.322 billion         1       $ 119 million         99       $ 201.4 million   

George J. Myers

     4       $ 1.9 billion         1       $ 119 million         91       $ 125.7 million   

Lawrence W. Lin

     4       $ 1.9 billion         1       $ 119 million         95       $ 126 million   

Brian D. Neigut

     4       $ 1.9 billion         1       $ 119 million         93       $ 125.8 million   

The following table shows the number and assets of the above accounts (or portions of such accounts) for which the advisory fee is based on performance, as of December 31, 2009.

Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Manager(s) for which the Advisory Fee is Based on Performance

 

Portfolio Managers

   Other SEC-registered open-end
and closed-end funds
     Other pooled investment
vehicles
     Other accounts  
     Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets  

Wayne M. Collette

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

George J. Myers

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Lawrence W. Lin

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Brian D. Neigut

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

 

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Ownership of Securities

The table below shows the dollar ranges of shares of each Fund beneficially owned (as determined pursuant to Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the 1934 Act) by each Fund’s portfolio manager(s), as of December 31, 2009.

Portfolio Manager Ownership of the Funds as of December 31, 2009

 

Portfolio Managers

  

Dollar Range of Equity Securities
in the Fund Beneficially Owned

Wayne M. Collette

   None

George J. Myers

   None

Lawrence W. Lin

   None

Brian D. Neigut

   None

The Advisor’s Portfolio Managers and Potential Conflicts of Interests

Like other investment professionals with multiple clients, a Fund’s portfolio manager(s) may face certain potential conflicts of interest in connection with managing both the Fund and other accounts at the same time. The Advisor and the Funds have adopted compliance policies and procedures that attempt to address certain of the potential conflicts that portfolio managers face in this regard. Certain of these conflicts of interest are summarized below.

The management of accounts with different advisory fee rates and/or fee structures, including accounts that pay advisory fees based on account performance (performance fee accounts), may raise potential conflicts of interest for a portfolio manager by creating an incentive to favor higher fee accounts.

Potential conflicts of interest also may arise when a portfolio manager has personal investments in other accounts that may create an incentive to favor those accounts. As a general matter and subject to the Advisor’s Code of Ethics and certain limited exceptions, the Advisor’s investment professionals do not have the opportunity to invest in client accounts, other than the Funds.

A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts managed by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

A portfolio manager may be able to select or influence the selection of the broker/dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the Funds. A portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of broker/dealers could produce disproportionate costs and benefits among the Funds and the other accounts the portfolio manager manages.

A potential conflict of interest may arise when a portfolio manager buys or sells the same securities for a Fund and other accounts. On occasions when a portfolio manager considers the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interests of a Fund as well as other accounts, the Advisor’s trading desk may, to the extent consistent with applicable laws and regulations, aggregate the securities to be sold or bought in order to obtain the best execution and lower brokerage commissions, if any. Aggregation of trades may create the potential for unfairness to a Fund or another account if a portfolio manager favors one account over another in allocating the securities bought or sold.

“Cross trades,” in which a portfolio manager sells a particular security held by a Fund to another account (potentially saving transaction costs for both accounts), could involve a potential conflict of interest if, for example, a portfolio manager is permitted to sell a security from one account to another account at a higher price than an independent third party would pay. The Advisor and the Funds have adopted compliance procedures that provide that any transactions between a Fund and another account managed by the Advisor are to be made at an current market price, consistent with applicable laws and regulations.

 

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Another potential conflict of interest may arise based on the different investment objectives and strategies of a Fund and other accounts managed by its portfolio manager(s). Depending on another account’s objectives and other factors, a portfolio manager may give advice to and make decisions for a Fund that may differ from advice given, or the timing or nature of decisions made, with respect to another account. A portfolio manager’s investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular account involved. Thus, a portfolio manager may buy or sell a particular security for certain accounts, and not for a Fund, even though it could have been bought or sold for the Fund at the same time. A portfolio manager also may buy a particular security for one or more accounts when one or more other accounts are selling the security (including short sales). There may be circumstances when a portfolio manager’s purchases or sales of portfolio securities for one or more accounts may have an adverse effect on other accounts, including the Funds.

A Fund’s portfolio manager(s) also may have other potential conflicts of interest in managing the Fund, and the description above is not a complete description of every conflict that could exist in managing the Fund and other accounts. Many of the potential conflicts of interest to which the Advisor’s portfolio managers are subject are essentially the same or similar to the potential conflicts of interest related to the investment management activities of the Advisor and its affiliates. See Investment Advisory and Other Services — Other Roles and Relationships of Bank of America and its Affiliates — Certain Conflicts of Interest for more information about conflicts of interest, including those that relate to the Advisor and its affiliates.

The Sub-Advisor(s) and Investment Sub-Advisory Services

Marsico

Marsico is located at 1200 17th Street, Suite 1600, Denver, CO 80202. Marsico was organized in September 1997 as a registered investment advisor, became a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Bank of America in January 2001 and was an affiliate of the Advisor until December 2007. Marsico is an independently owned investment management firm. Marsico provides investment management services to other mutual funds and private accounts and, as of March 31, 2010, Marsico had approximately $55 billion under management.

Services Provided

Pursuant to the terms of its Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, Marsico selects and manages the respective investments of the Funds for which it serves as investment sub-advisor. Marsico performs its duties subject at all times to the control of the Board and in conformity with the stated policies of each Fund.

The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement generally provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of Marsico’s obligations or duties thereunder, or any of its respective officers, directors, employees or agents, Marsico shall not be subject to liability to the Trust or to any shareholder of the Trust for any act or omission in the course of rendering services thereunder or for any losses that may be sustained in the purchase, holding or sale of any security.

The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement became effective with respect to a Fund after approval by the Board, and after an initial two year period, continues from year to year, provided that such continuation of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement is specifically approved at least annually by the Trust’s Board, including its Independent Trustees. The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement terminates automatically in the event of its assignment, and is terminable with respect to a Fund at any time without penalty by the Trust (by vote of the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund) or by the Advisor on 60 days’ written notice.

The Advisor, from the investment advisory fees it receives, pays Marsico for the services it provides to a Fund based on the percentage of the average daily net assets of that Fund, as set forth in the Investment Sub- Advisory Agreement. The Advisor also may pay amounts from its own assets to the Distributor or to selling or servicing agents for services they provide.

 

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Sub-Advisory Rates and Fees Paid

The Advisor pays Marsico, as full compensation for services provided and expenses assumed pursuant to the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, a sub-advisory fee for Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS, computed daily and payable monthly, at the annual rates listed below as a percentage of the aggregate average daily net assets of Columbia international equity funds or portions thereof sub-advised by Marsico (“International Funds”)*:

0.45% on aggregate assets of the International Funds up to $6 billion

0.40% on aggregate assets of the International Funds between $6 billion and $10 billion

0.35% on aggregate assets of the International Funds above $10 billion

* For purposes of this fee calculation, the assets sub-advised by Marsico in the following Columbia Funds will be aggregated: (i) Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS; (ii) Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund; (iii) Columbia Multi-Advisor International Equity Fund; and (iv) any future Columbia international equity fund sub-advised by Marsico which the Advisor and Marsico mutually agree in writing.

*****

The Advisor pays Marsico, as full compensation for services provided and expenses assumed pursuant to the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, a sub-advisory fee for Marsico Growth Fund VS, Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS and Marsico 21st Century Fund VS, computed daily and payable monthly, at the annual rates listed below as a percentage of the aggregate average daily net assets of Columbia U.S. equity funds or portions thereof sub-advised by Marsico (“U.S. Funds”)**:

0.45% on aggregate assets of the U.S. Funds up to $18 billion

0.40% on aggregate assets of the U.S. Funds between $18 billion and $21 billion

0.35% on aggregate assets of the U.S. Funds above $21 billion

** For purposes of this fee calculation, the assets sub-advised by Marsico in the following Columbia Funds will be aggregated: (i) Marsico Growth Fund VS; (ii) Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS; (iii) Marsico 21st Century Fund VS; (iv) Columbia Marsico Growth Fund; (v) Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund; (vi) Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund; and (vii) any future Columbia U.S. equity fund sub-advised by Marsico which the Advisor and Marsico mutually agree in writing.

Marsico received sub-advisory fees from the Advisor for Marsico’s services as reflected in the following chart, which shows the advisory fees paid to Marsico, the advisory fees waived and expense reimbursements where applicable, for the three most recently completed fiscal years.

 

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Sub-Advisory Fees Paid to Marsico

 

Fund

   Fiscal Year
Ended

December 31,
2009
     Fiscal Year
Ended

December 31,
2008
     Fiscal Period
Ended
December 31,
2007(a)
 

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 628,906       $ 575,349       $ 24,250   

Amount Waived by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

Amount Reimbursed by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 396,027       $ 644,493       $ 45,131   

Amount Waived by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

Amount Reimbursed by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

Marsico Growth Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 7,530,893       $ 6,119,052       $ 294,896   

Amount Waived by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

Amount Reimbursed by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 941,994       $ 1,506,838       $ 85,410   

Amount Waived by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

Amount Reimbursed by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

 

(a)

Marsico was an affiliated investment sub-advisor until December 14, 2007. Therefore the sub-advisory fees paid include the period December 14, 2007 through December 31, 2007.

Marsico Portfolio Manager(s)

The following provides additional information about the Marsico portfolio manager(s) who are responsible for making the day-to-day investment decisions for the Fund(s) identified below. As described in the Management of the Fund — Primary Service Providers section of the prospectuses of the Fund(s) identified below, the Marsico portfolio manager(s) who are responsible for the Fund(s) are:

Marsico Portfolio Manager(s)

 

Portfolio Manager

   Fund

Corydon J. Gilchrist

   Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

James G. Gendelman

   Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

Thomas F. Marsico

   Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

Marsico Growth Fund VS

A. Douglas Rao

   Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

Marsico Growth Fund VS

Compensation

The compensation package for portfolio managers of Marsico is structured as a combination of base salary (may be reevaluated at least annually), and periodic cash bonuses. Bonuses are typically based on a number of factors including Marsico’s overall profitability for the period. Portfolio manager compensation takes into account, among other factors, the overall performance of all accounts for which the portfolio manager provides investment advisory services. In receiving compensation such as bonuses, portfolio managers do not receive special consideration based on the performance of particular accounts, and do not receive compensation from accounts charging performance-based fees. Exceptional individual efforts are rewarded through salary readjustments and greater participation in the bonus pool. No other special employee incentive arrangements are currently in place or being planned. In addition to salary and bonus, portfolio managers may participate in other

 

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Marsico benefits to the same extent and on the same basis as other Marsico employees. Portfolio manager compensation comes solely from Marsico. In addition, Marsico’s portfolio managers typically are offered equity interests in Marsico Management Equity, LLC, which indirectly owns Marsico, and may receive distributions on those equity interests.

As a general matter, Marsico does not tie portfolio manager compensation to specific levels of performance relative to fixed benchmarks. Although performance may be a relevant consideration, comparisons with fixed benchmarks may not always be useful. Relevant benchmarks vary depending on specific investment styles and client guidelines or restrictions, and comparisons to benchmark performance may at times reveal more about market sentiment than about a portfolio manager’s abilities. To encourage a long-term horizon for managing portfolios, Marsico evaluates a portfolio manager’s performance over periods longer than the immediate compensation period, and may consider a variety of measures such as the performance of unaffiliated portfolios with similar strategies and other measurements. Other factors that may also be significant in determining portfolio manager compensation include, without limitation, the effectiveness of the manager’s leadership within Marsico’s investment team, contributions to Marsico’s overall performance, discrete securities analysis, idea generation, ability to support and train other analysts, and other considerations.

Other Accounts

The following table shows the number and assets of other investment accounts (or portions of investment accounts) that the Marsico portfolio manager(s) managed, as of December 31, 2009.

Other Accounts Managed by the Marsico Portfolio Manager(s)

 

Portfolio Manager

  Other SEC-registered open-
end and closed-end funds
     Other pooled investment
vehicles
     Other accounts  
    Number of
accounts
   Assets      Number of
accounts
   Assets      Number of
accounts
   Assets  

Corydon J. Gilchrist

  5    $ 5.066 billion       9    $ 1.697 billion       10    $ 1.648 billion   

James G. Gendelman

  20    $ 8.498 billion       8    $ 1.357 billion       22    $ 2.301 billion   

Thomas F. Marsico(1)

  30    $ 20.383 billion       17    $ 2.474 billion       133    $ 14.830 billion   

Thomas F. Marsico(2)

  30    $ 18.264 billion       17    $ 2.474 billion       133    $ 14.830 billion   

A. Douglas Rao(1)

  1    $ 37 million       0    $ 0       0    $ 0   

A. Douglas Rao(2)

  1    $ 37 million       0    $ 0       0    $ 0   

 

1

“Other SEC-registered open-end and closed-end funds” represents funds other than Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series.

2

“Other SEC-registered open-end and closed-end funds” represents funds other than Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series.

The following table shows the number and assets of the above accounts (or portions of such accounts) for which the advisory fee is based on performance, as of December 31, 2009.

Other Accounts Managed by the Marsico Portfolio Manager(s) for which the Advisory Fee is Based on Performance

 

Portfolio Managers

   Other SEC-registered open-end
and closed-end funds
     Other pooled
investment  vehicles
     Other accounts  
     Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets  

Corydon J. Gilchrist

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

James G. Gendelman

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

Thomas F. Marsico

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

A. Douglas Rao

     0       $ 0         0       $ 0         0       $ 0   

 

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Ownership of Securities

The table below shows the dollar ranges of shares of the Fund beneficially owned (as determined pursuant to Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the 1934 Act) by the Marsico portfolio manager(s), as of December 31, 2009.

Marsico Portfolio Manager Ownership of the Funds as of December 31, 2009

 

Portfolio Manager

  

Fund

  

Dollar Range of Equity Securities
in the Fund Beneficially Owned

Corydon J. Gilchrist

   Marsico 21st Century Fund VS    None

James G. Gendelman

   Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS    None

Thomas F. Marsico

   Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS    None

Thomas F. Marsico

   Marsico Growth Fund VS    None

A. Douglas Rao

   Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS    None

A. Douglas Rao

   Marsico Growth Fund VS    None

Marsico Portfolio Managers and Potential Conflicts of Interest

As a general matter, Marsico faces the same need to balance the interests of different clients that any investment adviser with multiple clients might experience. Portfolio managers make investment decisions for each portfolio based on the investment objectives, policies, practices and other relevant investment considerations that the managers believe are applicable to that portfolio. Consequently, portfolio managers may or may not purchase (or sell) securities for one portfolio and not another portfolio, or may take similar actions for different portfolios at different times. As a result, the mix of securities purchased in one portfolio may perform better than the mix of securities purchased for another portfolio. Similarly, the sale of securities from one portfolio may cause that portfolio to perform better than others if the value of those securities subsequently decline. The management of multiple accounts may result in a portfolio manager devoting unequal time and attention to the management of each account. Although Marsico does not track the time a portfolio manager spends on a single portfolio, it does assess whether a portfolio manager has adequate time and resources to effectively manage all of the accounts for which he is responsible. Marsico seeks to manage competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers.

The need to balance the interests of multiple clients may also arise when allocating and/or aggregating trades. Marsico often aggregates into a single trade order several individual contemporaneous client trade orders in a single security. Under Marsico’s Portfolio Management and Trade Management Policy and Procedures, when trades are aggregated on behalf of more than one account, Marsico seeks to allocate such trades to participating client accounts in a fair and equitable manner. With respect to IPOs and other syndicated or limited offerings, it is Marsico’s policy to seek to ensure that over the long term, accounts with the same or similar investment objectives or strategies will receive an equitable opportunity to participate meaningfully and will not be unfairly disadvantaged. To deal with these situations, Marsico has adopted policies and procedures for allocating transactions across multiple accounts. Marsico’s policies also seek to ensure that portfolio managers do not systematically allocate other types of trades in a manner that would be more beneficial to one account than another. Marsico’s compliance department monitors transactions made on behalf of multiple clients to seek to ensure adherence to its policies.

Marsico has adopted and implemented policies and procedures that seek to minimize potential conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of a portfolio manager advising multiple accounts. In addition, Marsico monitors a variety of areas, including compliance with primary Fund guidelines, the allocation of securities, and compliance with its Code of Ethics.

 

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MacKay Shields

MacKay Shields is the investment sub-advisor to High Yield Fund VS. MacKay Shields is located at 9 West 57th Street, New York, NY 10019.

Services Provided

Pursuant to the terms of its Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, MacKay Shields selects and manages the respective investments of High Yield Fund VS, for which it serves as investment sub-advisor. MacKay Shields performs its duties subject at all times to the control of the Board and in conformity with the stated policies of the Fund. Its Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement generally provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of MacKay Shields’ obligations or duties thereunder, or any of its respective officers, directors, employees or agents, MacKay Shields shall not be subject to liability to the Trust or to any interestholder of the Trust for any act or omission in the course of rendering services thereunder or for any losses that may be sustained in the purchase, holding or sale of any security.

The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement became effective with respect to a Fund after approval by the Board, and after an initial two year period, continues from year to year, provided that such continuation of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement is specifically approved at least annually by the Trust’s Board, including its Independent Trustees. The Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement terminates automatically in the event of its assignment, and is terminable with respect to a Fund at any time without penalty by the Trust (by vote of the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund) or by the Advisor on 60 days’ written notice.

The Advisor, from the investment advisory fees it receives, pays MacKay Shields for the services it provides to a Fund based on the percentage of the average daily net assets of that Fund, as set forth in the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement. The Advisor also may pay amounts from its own assets to the Distributor or to selling or servicing agents for services they provide.

Sub-Advisory Rates and Fees Paid

The Advisor pays MacKay Shields as, full compensation for services provided and expenses assumed pursuant to the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement, a sub-advisory fee for Columbia High Yield Fund VS, computed daily and payable monthly at the annual rates listed below as a percentage of the average daily net assets of the Fund:

 

FUND

  

RATE OF COMPENSATION

High Yield Fund VS

   0.40% of average daily net assets up to and including $100 million; 0.375% of average daily net assets in excess of $100 million and up to and including $200 million; and 0.35% of average daily net assets in excess of $200 million

MacKay Shields received sub-advisory fees from the Advisor for Mackay Shield’s services as reflected in the following chart, which shows the advisory fees paid to MacKay Shields, the advisory fees waived and expense reimbursements where applicable, for the three most recently completed fiscal years.

 

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Sub-Advisory Fees Paid to MacKay Shields

 

Fund

   Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2009
     Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2008
     Fiscal Period
Ended
December 31,
2007
 

High Yield Fund VS

        

Advisory Fee Paid

   $ 665,950       $ 801,692       $ 1,074,488   

Amount Waived by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

Amount Reimbursed by the Advisor

     —           —           —     

MacKay Shields Portfolio Manager(s)

The following provides additional information about the MacKay Shields portfolio manager(s) responsible for making the day-to-day investment decisions for the Fund, as identified in the Management of the Fund — Primary Service Providers section of the Fund’s prospectuses.

MacKay Shields Portfolio Manager

 

Portfolio Manager

   Fund

J. Matthew Philo

   High Yield Fund VS

Compensation

MacKay Shields establishes salaries at competitive levels, verified through industry surveys, to attract and maintain the best professional talent. In addition, an incentive bonus equal to a significant percentage of the firm’s pre-tax profits is paid annually to the firm’s employees based upon an individual’s performance and the profitability of the firm. The bonus generally represents a sizable amount relative to the base salary, and when considered with the base salary, results in a highly attractive level of total cash compensation for the firm’s professional employees. Every MacKay Shields employee participates in the bonus pool. This approach instills a strong sense of commitment on the part of each employee towards the overall success of the firm. There is no difference between the method used in determining portfolio managers’ compensation with respect to the Funds and other accounts.

MacKay Shields has performance-based fee arrangements with “eligible clients” (as that term is defined under Rule 205-3 of the 1940 Act) who have requested such arrangements. Performance-based fees may be calculated as a percentage of returns, or as a percentage of the increase in net asset value, and may be tied to a client-directed benchmark or loss carry forward. A portion of these performance-based fees forms a part of the bonus pool for all MacKay Shields employees. Such arrangements may appear to create an incentive to make riskier, more speculative investments than would be the case under a solely asset-based fee arrangement.

MacKay Shields offers a Phantom Stock Plan, which enhances the firm’s ability to attract, retain, motivate, and reward key executives. Awards can be made annually and vesting takes place over a period of several subsequent years. Participation in the Plan by senior professionals is contingent upon the execution of an Executive Employment Agreement.

Other Accounts

The following table shows the number and assets of other investment accounts (or portions of investment accounts) that the MacKay Shields portfolio manager(s) managed, as of December 31, 2009.

Other Accounts Managed by the MacKay Shields Portfolio Manager(s)

 

Portfolio Manager

  Other SEC-registered open-end
and closed-end funds
     Other pooled investment
vehicles
     Other accounts  
    Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets  

J. Matthew Philo

    4       $ 8.26 billion         2       $ 434.7 million         46       $ 10.5 billion   

 

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The following table shows the number and assets of the above accounts (or portions of such accounts) for which the advisory fee is based on performance, as of December 31, 2009.

Other Accounts Managed by the MacKay Shields Portfolio Manager(s) for which the Advisory Fee is Based on Performance

 

Portfolio Manager

   Other SEC-registered open-end
and closed-end funds
     Other pooled investment
vehicles
     Other accounts  
     Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets      Number of
accounts
     Assets  

J. Matthew Philo

     0       $ 0         2       $ 12.8 million         0       $ 0   

Ownership of Securities

The table below shows the dollar ranges of shares of the Fund beneficially owned (as determined pursuant to Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the 1934 Act) by the MacKay Shields portfolio manager(s), as of December 31, 2009.

MacKay Shields Portfolio Manager Ownership of the Fund as of December 31, 2009

 

Portfolio Manager

  

Fund

  

Dollar Range of Equity Securities
in the Fund Beneficially Owned

J. Matthew Philo

   High Yield Fund VS    None

MacKay Shields Portfolio Managers and Potential Conflicts of Interest

The High Yield Group provides portfolio management services for other MacKay Shields accounts, which include mutual funds; institutional managed accounts; and private commingled funds. Except for distinctions based on investment objectives, investment guidelines and cash flow, more fully discussed below, all accounts are treated the same, regardless of fee structure.

MacKay Shields has performance-based fee arrangements with “eligible clients” (as that term is defined under Rule 205-3 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940) who have requested such arrangements. Performance-based fees may be calculated as a percentage of returns, or as a percentage of the increase in net asset value, and may be tied to a client-directed benchmark or loss carry forward. Certain portfolio managers who are responsible for managing some of the “eligible clients” who have performance-based fees share a performance fee based on the performance of the account. Such arrangements may appear to create an incentive to make riskier, more speculative investments than would be the case under a solely asset-based fee arrangement.

To address potential conflicts of interest, MacKay Shields has adopted various policies and procedures to provide for equitable treatment of trading activity and to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated in a fair and appropriate manner. In addition, MacKay Shields has adopted a Code of Ethics and other policies and procedures that recognize a manager’s obligation to treat all of its clients, including the Fund, fairly and equitably. These policies, procedures, and the Code of Ethics are designed to restrict a portfolio manager from favoring one client over another.

It is the policy of MacKay Shields not to favor any one client over another. Consistent with this policy, MacKay Shields has the following procedures, among others: (1) trade allocation procedures that provide for the pro rata allocation of investment opportunities among clients in a particular strategy, with certain exceptions; (2) a general prohibition against same day opposite direction transactions; and (3) short sale trade procedures requiring pre-approval of short sales and restricting certain short sales.

The Trade Allocation Policy provides that: (i) no client will be favored over any other client; (ii) trades should be pre-allocated, subject to certain exceptions, and allocations should be in writing; and (iii) MacKay

 

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Shields’ Legal/Compliance Department conducts periodic reviews of client account performance as a function of allocation to assure that no account or group of accounts is being preferred systematically in the allocation process. The Policy contains a procedure for limited offerings, which provides that in a limited offering, the allocations may be pro-rata based on size of the order or account size and within a Strategy pro-rata based on account size. Under this policy, when determining which accounts will participate in a trade, the portfolio managers will consider various objective criteria which may include but are not limited to: client cash limitations, actual and anticipated account inflows and outflows, duration and/or average maturity, account size, deal size, trade lots, existing exposure to an issuer or industry type and specific investment objectives and other practical limitations. If the aggregated order is filled in its entirety, it will be allocated among clients in accordance with the target allocation; if the order is partially filled, it will be allocated pro rata based on the allocation methodology recorded in the trade order management system.

Our Cross Trading Policy provides that all cross trades must be pre-cleared by the MacKay Shields Legal/Compliance Department and require, among other things, that the transaction (a) be a purchase or sale for no consideration other than cash payments against prompt delivery of the security, (b) is effected at the independent market price of the security determined in accordance with applicable methodology; and (c) be effected with no brokerage transaction.

MacKay Shields’ Valuation Procedures provide, among other requirements, that any fair valuation of a security recommended by a portfolio manager be approved by portfolio managers from two other distinct portfolio management areas. In addition, on a monthly basis a Fair Valuation Committee meeting convenes to review all securities that are being fair valued.

The Administrator

Columbia Management Advisors, LLC (which is also the Advisor) serves as Administrator of the Funds.

Services Provided

Pursuant to the terms of the Administration Agreement, the Administrator has agreed to, among other things, (i) provide office space, equipment and clerical personnel; (ii) arrange, if desired by the Trust, for its directors, officers and employees to serve as Trustees, officers or agents of each Fund; (iii) prepare and, if applicable, file all documents required for compliance by each Fund with applicable laws and regulations; (iv) prepare agendas and supporting documents for and minutes of meetings of Trustees, committees of Trustees and shareholders; (v) coordinate and oversee the activities of each Fund’s other third party service providers; and (vi) maintain certain books and records of each Fund.

Administration Fee Rates and Fees Paid

The Administrator receives fees as compensation for its services, which are computed daily and paid monthly, as set forth in the Administration Agreement, and as shown in the section entitled Fees and Expenses of the Fund — Annual Fund Operating Expenses in each Fund’s prospectuses.

Administration Fees Paid by the Funds

 

     Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2009
     Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2008
     Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2007
 

High Yield Fund VS

   $ 329,544       $ 410,359       $ 642,494   

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

     263,794         240,498         125,529   

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

     151,281         275,708         454,908   

Marsico Growth Fund VS

     3,708,502         3,031,992         2,032,131   

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

     390,890         649,905         895,817   

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

     23,906         60,794         134,352   

 

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Pricing and Bookkeeping Services

State Street is responsible for providing certain pricing and bookkeeping services to the Funds. The Advisor is responsible for overseeing the performance of these services and for certain other services.

Services Provided

Effective December 15, 2006, the Trust entered into a Financial Reporting Services Agreement with State Street and the Advisor (the Financial Reporting Services Agreement) pursuant to which State Street provides financial reporting services to the Funds. Also effective December 15, 2006, the Trust entered into an Accounting Services Agreement with State Street and the Advisor (collectively with the Financial Reporting Services Agreement, the State Street Agreements) pursuant to which State Street provides accounting services to the Funds. Under the State Street Agreements, each Fund pays State Street an annual fee of $38,000 paid monthly plus an additional monthly fee based on an annualized percentage rate of average daily net assets of the Fund for the month. The aggregate fee for a Fund during any year shall not exceed $140,000 annually (exclusive of out-of-pocket expenses and charges). The Funds also reimburse State Street for certain out-of-pocket expenses and charges.

Effective December 15, 2006, the Funds entered into a Pricing and Bookkeeping Oversight and Services Agreement (the Services Agreement) with the Advisor. Under the Services Agreement, the Advisor provides services related to Fund expenses and the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and provides oversight of the accounting and financial reporting services provided by State Street. Under the Services Agreement, each Fund reimburses the Advisor for out-of-pocket expenses and charges, including fees payable to third parties, such as for pricing the Fund’s portfolio securities, incurred by the Advisor in the performance of services under the Services Agreement. Prior to January 1, 2008, the Funds also reimbursed the Advisor for accounting oversight services, services related to Fund expenses and the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Prior to December 15, 2006, each Fund had entered into an Administrative Agreement and a Pricing and Bookkeeping Agreement with the Advisor, pursuant to which the Advisor performed certain administrative and pricing and bookkeeping services for the Fund. The Advisor delegated responsibility for certain of these administrative and pricing and bookkeeping services to State Street.

Pricing and Bookkeeping Fees Paid

The Advisor and State Street received fees from the Funds for their services as reflected in the following chart, which shows the net pricing and bookkeeping fees paid to State Street and to the Advisor for the three most recently completed fiscal years.

 

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Pricing and Bookkeeping Fees Paid by the Funds

 

     Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2009
     Fiscal Year
Ended
December 31,
2008
     Fiscal Year
Ended

December 31,
2007
 

High Yield Fund VS

   $ 88,004       $ 93,780       $ 42,608   

Amount Paid to the Advisor

     0         69,273         14,303   

Amount Paid to State Street

     88,004         24,507         28,305   

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

   $ 62,888       $ 60,924       $ 18,820   

Amount Paid to the Advisor

     0         57,448         14,303   

Amount Paid to State Street

     62,888         3,476         4,517   

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

   $ 54,907       $ 63,423       $ 14,687   

Amount Paid to the Advisor

     0         59,823         14,303   

Amount Paid to State Street

     54,907         3,600         384   

Marsico Growth Fund VS

   $ 143,840       $ 143,598       $ 19,535   

Amount Paid to the Advisor

     0         140,000         14,303   

Amount Paid to State Street

     143,840         3,598         5,232   

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

   $ 73,474       $ 91,761       $ 19,671   

Amount Paid to the Advisor

     0         88,228         14,303   

Amount Paid to State Street

     73,474         3,533         5,368   

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

   $ 47,531       $ 49,752       $ 19,764   

Amount Paid to the Advisor

     0         44,875         14,303   

Amount Paid to State Street

     47,531         4,877         5,461   

The Principal Underwriter/Distributor

Columbia Management Distributors, Inc. (the Distributor) serves as the principal underwriter and distributor for the continuous offering of shares of the Funds pursuant to a Distribution Agreement. The Distribution Agreement obligates the Distributor to use appropriate efforts to find purchasers for the shares of the Funds. The Distributor’s address is: One Financial Center, Boston, MA 02111.

Distribution Obligations

Pursuant to a Distribution Agreement, the Distributor, as agent, sells shares of the Funds on a continuous basis and transmits purchase and redemption orders that it receives to the Trust or the Transfer Agent, or their designated agents. Additionally, the Distributor has agreed to use appropriate efforts to solicit orders for the sale of shares and to undertake advertising and promotion as it believes appropriate in connection with such solicitation. Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Distributor, at its own expense, finances those activities which are primarily intended to result in the sale of shares of the Funds, including, but not limited to, advertising, compensation of underwriters, dealers and sales personnel, the printing and mailing of prospectuses to other than existing shareholders, and the printing and mailing of sales literature. The Distributor, however, may be compensated or reimbursed for all or a portion of such expenses to the extent permitted by a Distribution Plan adopted by the Trust pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act.

The Distribution Agreement became effective with respect to each Fund after approval by its Board, and after an initial two-year period, continues from year to year, provided that such continuation of the Distribution Agreement is specifically approved at least annually by the Board, including its Independent Trustees. The Distribution Agreement terminates automatically in the event of its assignment, and is terminable with respect to each Fund at any time without penalty by the Trust (by vote of the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund) or by the Distributor on 60 days’ written notice.

 

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Underwriting Commissions

The Funds paid no underwriting commissions during the prior three fiscal years.

 

LOGO     Other Roles and Relationships of Bank of America and its Affiliates — Certain Conflicts of Interest

As described above in the Investment Advisory and Other Services section of this SAI, and in the Management of the Fund — Primary Service Providers section of each Fund’s prospectus, the Advisor, Administrator, Distributor and Transfer Agent, all affiliates of Bank of America, receive compensation from the Funds for the various services they provide to the Funds. Additional information as to the specific terms regarding such compensation is set forth in these affiliated service providers’ contracts with the Funds, each of which typically is included as an exhibit to Part C of each Fund’s registration statement.

In many instances, the compensation paid to the Advisor and other Bank of America affiliates for the services they provide to the Funds is based, in some manner, on the size of the Funds’ assets under management. As the size of the Funds’ assets under management grows, so does the amount of compensation paid to the Advisor and other Bank of America affiliates for providing services to the Funds. This relationship between Fund assets and affiliated service provider compensation may create economic and other conflicts of interests of which Fund investors should be aware. These potential conflicts of interest, as well as additional ones, are discussed in detail below and also are addressed in other disclosure materials, including the Funds’ prospectuses. These conflicts of interest also are highlighted in account documentation and other disclosure materials of Bank of America affiliates that make available or offer the Columbia Funds as investments in connection with their respective products and services. In addition, Part 1A of the Advisor’s Form ADV, which it must file with the SEC as an investment advisor registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, provides information about the Advisor’s business, assets under management, affiliates and potential conflicts of interest. Part 1A of the Advisor’s Form ADV is available online through the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.

Additional actual or potential conflicts of interest and certain investment activity limitations that could affect the Funds may arise from the financial services activities of Bank of America and its affiliates, including, for example, the investment advisory/management services it provides for clients and customers other than the Funds. In this regard, Bank of America is a major financial services company. Bank of America and its affiliates, including, for example, BANA (including its U.S. Trust, Bank of America Private Wealth Management division), BAS, BAI, Merrill Lynch, MLPF&S and the First Republic division of Merrill Lynch Bank & Trust Co., are engaged in a wide range of financial activities beyond the mutual fund-related activities of the Advisor, including, among others, commercial banking, investment banking, broker/dealer (sales and trading), asset management, insurance and other financial activities. The broad range of financial services activities of Bank of America and its affiliates may involve multiple advisory, transactional, lending, financial and other interests in securities and other instruments, and in companies, that may be bought, sold or held by the Funds. The following describes certain actual and potential conflicts of interest that may be presented.

Actual and Potential Conflicts of Interest Related to the Investment Advisory/Management Activities of Bank of America and its Affiliates in Connection With Other Advised/Managed Funds and Accounts

The Advisor and other affiliates of Bank of America may advise or manage funds and accounts other than the Funds. In this regard, Bank of America and its affiliates may provide investment advisory/management and other services to other advised/managed funds and accounts that are similar to those provided to the Funds. The Advisor and Bank of America’s other investment advisor affiliates (including Columbia Wanger Asset Management, L.P.) will give advice to and make decisions for all advised/managed funds and accounts, including the Funds, as they believe to be in that fund’s and/or account’s best interests, consistent with their fiduciary duties. The Funds and the other advised/managed funds and accounts of Bank of America and its affiliates are separately and potentially divergently managed, and there is no assurance that any investment advice Bank of America and its affiliates give to other advised/managed funds and accounts will also be given simultaneously or otherwise to the Funds.

 

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A variety of other actual and potential conflicts of interest may arise from the advisory relationships of the Advisor and other Bank of America affiliates with other clients and customers. Advice given to the Funds and/or investment decisions made for the Funds by the Advisor or other Bank of America affiliates may differ from, or may conflict with, advice given to and/or investment decisions made for other advised/managed funds and accounts. As a result, the performance of the Funds may differ from the performance of other funds or accounts advised/managed by the Advisor or other Bank of America affiliates. Similarly, a position taken by Bank of America and its affiliates, including the Advisor, on behalf of other funds or accounts may be contrary to a position taken on behalf of the Funds. Moreover, Bank of America and its affiliates, including the Advisor, may take a position on behalf of other advised/managed funds and accounts, or for their own proprietary accounts, that is adverse to companies or other issuers in which the Funds are invested. For example, the Funds may hold equity securities of a company while another advised/managed fund or account may hold debt securities of the same company. If the portfolio company were to experience financial difficulties, it might be in the best interest of the Funds for the company to reorganize while the interests of the other advised/managed fund or account might be better served by the liquidation of the company. This type of conflict of interest could arise as the result of circumstances that cannot be generally foreseen within the broad range of investment advisory/management activities in which Bank of America and its affiliates engage.

Investment transactions made on behalf of other funds or accounts advised/managed by the Advisor or other Bank of America affiliates also may have a negative effect on the value, price or investment strategies of the Funds. For example, this could occur if another advised/managed fund or account implements an investment decision ahead of, or at the same time as, the Funds and causes the Funds to experience less favorable trading results than they otherwise would have experienced based on market liquidity factors. In addition, the other funds and accounts advised/managed by the Advisor and other Bank of America affiliates, including the other Columbia Funds, may have the same or very similar investment objective and strategies as the Funds. In this situation, the allocation of, and competition for, investment opportunities among the Funds and other funds and/or accounts advised/managed by the Advisor or other Bank of America affiliates may create conflicts of interest especially where, for example, limited investment availability is involved. The Advisor has adopted policies and procedures addressing the allocation of investment opportunities among the Funds and other funds and accounts advised by the Advisor and other affiliates of Bank of America. For more information, see Investment Advisory and Other Services — The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services — Portfolio Manager(s) — The Advisor’s Portfolio Managers and Potential Conflicts of Interests.

Sharing of Information among Advised/Managed Accounts

Bank of America and its affiliates also may possess information that could be material to the management of a Fund and may not be able to, or may determine not to, share that information with the Fund, even though the information might be beneficial to the Fund. This information may include actual knowledge regarding the particular investments and transactions of other advised/managed funds and accounts, as well as proprietary investment, trading and other market research, analytical and technical models, and new investment techniques, strategies and opportunities. Depending on the context, Bank of America and its affiliates generally will have no obligation to share any such information with the Funds. In general, employees of Bank of America and its affiliates, including the portfolio managers of the Advisor, will make investment decisions without regard to information otherwise known by other employees of Bank of America and its affiliates, and generally will have no obligation to access any such information and may, in some instances, not be able to access such information because of legal and regulatory constraints or the internal policies and procedures of Bank of America and its affiliates. For example, if the Advisor or another Bank of America affiliate, or their respective employees, come into possession of non-public information regarding another advised/managed fund or account, they may be prohibited by legal and regulatory constraints, or internal policies and procedures, from using that information in connection with transactions made on behalf of the Funds. For more information, see Investment Advisory and Other Services — The Advisor and Investment Advisory Services — Portfolio Manager(s) — The Advisor’s Portfolio Managers and Potential Conflicts of Interests.

 

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Soft Dollar Benefits

Certain products and services, commonly referred to as “soft dollar services” (including, to the extent permitted by law, research reports, economic and financial data, financial publications, proxy analysis, computer databases and other research-oriented materials), that the Advisor may receive in connection with brokerage services provided to a Fund may have the inadvertent effect of disproportionately benefiting other advised/managed funds or accounts. This could happen because of the relative amount of brokerage services provided to a Fund as compared to other advised/managed funds or accounts, as well as the relative compensation paid by a Fund.

Services Provided to Other Advised/Managed Accounts

Bank of America and its affiliates also may act as an investment advisor, investment manager, administrator, transfer agent, custodian, trustee, broker/dealer, agent, or in another capacity, for advised/managed funds and accounts other than the Funds, and may receive compensation for acting in such capacity. This compensation that the Advisor, Distributor and Transfer Agent and other Bank of America affiliates receive could be greater than the compensation Bank of America and its affiliates receive for acting in the same or similar capacity for the Funds. In addition, the Advisor, Distributor and Transfer Agent and other Bank of America affiliates may receive other benefits, including enhancement of new or existing business relationships. This compensation and/or the benefits that Bank of America and its affiliates may receive from other advised/managed funds and accounts and other relationships could potentially create incentives to favor other advised/ managed funds and accounts over the Funds. Trades made by Bank of America and its affiliates for the Funds may be, but are not required to be, aggregated with trades made for other funds and accounts advised/managed by the Advisor and other Bank of America affiliates. If trades are aggregated among the Funds and those other funds and accounts, the various prices of the securities being traded may be averaged, which could have the potential effect of disadvantaging the Funds as compared to the other funds and accounts with which trades were aggregated.

Proxy Voting

Although the Advisor endeavors to make all proxy voting decisions with respect to the interests of the Funds for which it is responsible in accordance with its proxy voting policies and procedures, the Advisor’s proxy voting decisions with respect to a Fund’s portfolio securities may nonetheless benefit other advised/managed funds and accounts, and/or clients, of Bank of America and its affiliates. The Advisor has adopted proxy voting policies and procedures that are designed to provide that all proxy voting is done in the best interests of its clients, including the Funds, without any resulting benefit or detriment to the Advisor and/or its affiliates, including Bank of America and its affiliates. For more information about the Advisor’s proxy voting policies and procedures, see Investment Advisory and Other Services — Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures.

Certain Trading Activities

The directors/trustees, officers and employees of Bank of America and its affiliates may buy and sell securities or other investments for their own accounts, and in doing so may take a position that is adverse to the Funds. In order to reduce the possibility that such personal investment activities of the directors/trustees, officers and employees of Bank of America and its affiliates will materially adversely affect the Funds, Bank of America and its affiliates have adopted policies and procedures, and the Funds, the Board, the Advisor and the Distributor have each adopted a Code of Ethics that addresses such personal investment activities. For more information, see Investment Advisory and Other Services — Codes of Ethics.

Affiliate Transactions

Subject to applicable legal and regulatory requirements, the Funds may enter into transactions in which Bank of America and/or its affiliates may have an interest that potentially conflicts with the interests of the Funds. For example, BAS or MLPF&S may sell securities to the Funds from an offering in which it is an underwriter or from securities that it owns as a dealer, subject to applicable legal and regulatory requirements.

 

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Investment Limitations Arising from Bank of America Activities

Regulatory restrictions applicable to Bank of America and its affiliates may limit the Funds’ investment activities in various ways. For example, regulations regarding certain industries and markets, such as those in emerging or international markets, and certain transactions, such as those involving certain futures and derivatives, may impose a cap on the aggregate amount of investments that may be made by affiliated investors, including accounts managed by the same affiliated manager, in the aggregate or in individual issuers. At certain times, Bank of America and its affiliates also may be restricted in the securities that can be bought or sold for the Funds and other advised/managed funds and accounts because of the investment banking, lending or other relationships Bank of America and its affiliates have with the issuers of securities. This could happen, for example, if the Funds and/or other advised/managed funds and accounts desired to buy a security issued by a company for which Bank of America or its affiliates served as underwriter. The internal policies and procedures of Bank of America and its affiliates covering these types of regulatory restrictions and addressing similar issues also may at times restrict the Funds’ investment activities. A client not advised by Bank of America and its affiliates would not be subject to many of these restrictions. See also About the Funds’ Investments — Certain Investment Activity Limits.

Actual and Potential Conflicts of Interest Related to Bank of America and its Affiliates’ Non-Advisory Relationships with Clients and Customers other than the Funds

The lending, investment banking and other relationships that Bank of America and its affiliates may have with companies and other entities in which a Fund may invest can give rise to actual and potential conflicts of interest. Subject to applicable legal and regulatory requirements, a Fund may invest (a) in the securities of Bank of America and/or its affiliates and/or in companies in which Bank of America and its affiliates have a lending, investment banking, equity, debt or other interest, and/or (b) in the securities of companies held by other Columbia Funds. The purchase, holding and sale of such securities by a Fund may enhance the profitability and the business interests of Bank of America and/or its affiliates and/or other Columbia Funds. There also may be limitations as to the sharing with the Advisor of information derived from the non-investment advisory/ management activities of Bank of America and its affiliates because of legal and regulatory constraints and internal policies and procedures (such as information barriers and ethical walls). Because of these limitations, Bank of America and its affiliates generally will not share information derived from its non-investment advisory/management activities with the Advisor.

Actual and Potential Conflicts of Interest Related to Bank of America Affiliates’ Marketing and Use of the Columbia Funds as an Investment Options

Bank of America and its affiliates also provide a variety of products and services that, in some manner, may utilize the Columbia Funds as investment options. For example, the Columbia Funds may be offered as investments in connection with brokerage and other securities products offered by BAI or MLPF&S, and may be utilized as investments in connection with fiduciary, investment management and other accounts offered by U.S. Trust, Bank of America Private Wealth Management or the First Republic division of Merrill Lynch Bank & Trust Co., as well as for other Columbia Funds structured as “funds of funds.” In addition, the Columbia Money Market Funds are offered as an investment option for a variety of cash management and “sweep” account programs offered by Bank of America and its affiliates. The Columbia Funds also may use the Columbia Money Market Funds for cash investment purposes. The use of the Columbia Funds in connection with other products and services offered by Bank of America and its affiliates may introduce economic and other conflicts of interest. These conflicts of interest are highlighted in account documentation and other disclosure materials for the other products and services offered by Bank of America and its affiliates.

Bank of America and its affiliates, including the Advisor, may make payments to their affiliates in connection with the promotion and sale of the Funds’ shares, in addition to the sales-related and other compensation that these parties may receive from the Funds. As a general matter, personnel of Bank of America and its affiliates, including BAI, do not receive compensation in connection with their sales or use of the Funds

 

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that is greater than that paid in connection with their sales of other comparable products and services. Nonetheless, because the compensation that the Advisor and other affiliates of Bank of America may receive for providing services to the Funds is generally based on the Funds’ assets under management and those assets will grow as shares of the Funds are sold, potential conflicts of interest may exist. See Brokerage Allocation and Other Practices — Additional Financial Intermediary Payments for more information.

Other Services Provided

The Transfer Agent

Columbia Management Services, Inc. acts as Transfer Agent for each Fund’s shares and can be contacted at P.O. Box 8081, Boston, MA 02266-8081. Under the Transfer Agency Agreement, the Transfer Agent provides transfer agency, dividend disbursing agency and shareholder servicing agency services to the Funds. Effective January 1, 2008, the Funds pay the Transfer Agent an annual transfer agency fee of $17.34 per account, payable monthly. In addition, the Funds may pay the Transfer Agent for the fees and expenses the Transfer Agent pays to third party dealer firms that maintain omnibus accounts with the Funds, subject to a cap equal to 0.15% of a Fund’s net assets represented by the account. Effective January 1, 2010, the Funds pay the Transfer Agent an annual transfer agency fee of $22.36 per account, payable monthly. In addition, effective January 1, 2010, the Funds may reimburse the Transfer Agent for the fees and expenses the Transfer Agent pays to financial intermediaries that maintain omnibus accounts with the Funds, subject to a cap up to $22.36 per account for financial intermediaries that seek payment by the Transfer Agent on a per account basis and a cap equal to 0.15% of a Fund’s net assets represented by the account for financial intermediaries that seek payment by the Transfer Agent based on a percentage of net assets. The Funds also pay certain reimbursable out-of-pocket expenses to the Transfer Agent. The Transfer Agent also may retain as additional compensation for its services revenues for fees for wire, telephone and redemption orders, IRA trustee agent fees and account transcripts due the Transfer Agent from Fund shareholders and credits (net of bank charges) earned with respect to balances in accounts the Transfer Agent maintains in connection with its services to the Funds. For the period April 1, 2006 through December 31, 2007, the Funds paid the Transfer Agent an annual fee of $17.00 per account, payable monthly. For the period November 1, 2005 through March 31, 2006, the Funds paid the Transfer Agent an annual fee of $15.23 per account, payable monthly. For the period September 1, 2005 through December 31, 2007, the Transfer Agent was entitled to reimbursement by the Funds for the fees and expenses that the Transfer Agent pays to dealer firms or transfer agents that maintain omnibus accounts with the Funds, subject to a cap equal to 0.11% of a Fund’s net assets represented by the account.

The Transfer Agent retains BFDS/DST, 2 Heritage Drive, North Quincy, MA 02171 as the Funds’ sub-transfer agent. BFDS/DST assists the Transfer Agent in carrying out its duties.

The Custodian

State Street, which is located at State Street Financial Center, One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111, is the Funds’ custodian. State Street is responsible for safeguarding and controlling the Funds’ cash and securities, receiving and delivering securities, collecting the Funds’ interest and dividends, making all payments covering expenses of the Trust, and performing other administrative duties, all as directed by authorized persons. State Street does not exercise any supervisory function in such matters as purchase and sale of portfolio securities, payment of dividends or payment of expenses of the Funds. Portfolio securities purchased in the U.S. are maintained in the custody of State Street or other domestic banks or depositories. Portfolio securities purchased outside of the U.S. are maintained in the custody of foreign banks and trust companies who are members of State Street’s Global Custody Network and foreign depositories (foreign sub-custodians).

With respect to foreign sub-custodians, there can be no assurance that a Fund, and the value of its shares, will not be adversely affected by acts of foreign governments, financial or operational difficulties of the foreign sub-custodians, difficulties and costs of obtaining jurisdiction over, or enforcing judgments against, the foreign sub-custodians or application of foreign law to a Fund’s foreign sub-custodial arrangements. Accordingly, an investor should recognize that the non-investment risks involved in holding assets abroad are greater than those associated with investing in the U.S.

 

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The Funds may invest in obligations of State Street and may purchase or sell securities from or to State Street.

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, which is located at 125 High Street, Boston, MA 02110, is the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm. The Funds issue unaudited financial statements semi-annually and audited financial statements annually. The annual financial statements for the Funds’ fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. The Board has selected PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm to audit the Funds’ books and review its tax returns for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.

The Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting firm and the audited financial statements included in the Annual Reports to Shareholders of the Funds dated December 31, 2009 are incorporated herein by reference. No other parts of the annual report or semi-annual report to shareholders are incorporated by reference herein. The financial statements incorporated by reference into the Funds’ prospectuses and this SAI have been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of the independent registered public accounting firm, given on its authority as an expert in auditing and accounting.

Counsel

Goodwin Procter LLP serves as legal counsel to the Trust. Its address is 901 New York Avenue, N.W., Washington D.C. 20001.

Expense Limitations

The Advisor has voluntarily agreed to bear a portion of the Funds’ expenses so that each Fund’s ordinary operating expenses (excluding any distribution and service fees, brokerage commissions, interest, taxes and extraordinary expenses, but including custodian charges relating to overdrafts, if any), after giving effect to any balance credits from the Funds’ custodian, do not exceed the following percentages:

 

Fund

  

Expenses Exceeding:

High Yield Fund VS

   0.60% of average net assets

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

   1.05% of average net assets

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

   1.05% of average net assets

Marsico Growth Fund VS

   1.05% of average net assets

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

   1.20% of average net assets

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

   0.90% of average net assets

These arrangements may be modified or terminated by the Advisor at any time.

The Distributor has voluntarily agreed to waive 0.19% of the distribution fees applicable to the High Yield Fund VS’ Class B shares. This arrangement may be modified or terminated by the Distributor at any time.

Codes of Ethics

The Funds, the Advisor, Marsico, MacKay Shields and the Distributor have adopted Codes of Ethics pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act, including Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. These Codes of Ethics permit personnel subject to the Codes of Ethics to invest in securities, including securities that may be bought or held by the Funds. These Codes of Ethics are included as exhibits to Part C of the Funds’ registration statement. These Codes of Ethics can be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room and may be obtained by calling the SEC at 202.551.8090; they also are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov, and may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request to publicinfo@sec.gov or by writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102.

 

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Distribution Plan

The Funds have adopted a Distribution Plan (the “Distribution Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act pursuant to which the Funds may pay banks, broker/dealers, Participating Insurance Companies (as described in the Funds’ prospectuses) or other financial institutions that have entered into sales support agreements with the Distributor (“Selling Agents”) or shareholder servicing agreements with the Trust (“Servicing Agents”) (together with Selling Agents (“Agents”)) for certain expenses that are incurred by the Agents in connection with sales support and shareholder support services that are provided by the Agents. Payments under the Distribution Plan will be calculated daily and paid monthly at a rate not exceeding 0.25% (on an annualized basis) of the average daily net asset value of the Class B Shares beneficially owned through the ownership of VA contracts by customers with whom the Agents have a relationship. Under the Distribution Plan, the shareholder services provided by Servicing Agents may include general shareholder liaison services, processing purchases and redemption requests; processing distribution payments; providing sales information periodically to customers, including information showing their VA contracts’ positions in the Funds; providing sub-accounting; responding to inquiries from customers; arranging for bank wires; and providing such other similar services as may be reasonably requested. Under the Distribution Plan, the Trust may make payments in connection with any activity which is primarily intended to result in the sale of the Class B Shares, including, but not limited to, expenses of organizing and conducting sales seminars, printing of prospectuses and SAIs (and supplements thereto) and reports for other than existing shareholders, preparation and distribution of advertising material and sales literature, supplemental payments to the Trust’s Distributor and the cost of administering the Distribution Plan, as well as the shareholder servicing activities described above.

During the most recently completed fiscal year, the Distributor received distribution and service fees from the Funds for the Distributor’s services as reflected in the following chart. The Trust is not aware as to what amount, if any, of the 12b-1 fees paid to the Distributor were, on a Fund-by-Fund basis, used for advertising, printing and mailing of prospectuses to other than current shareholders, compensation to broker-dealers, compensation to sales personnel or interest, carrying or other financing charges.

Distribution and Service Fees Paid by the Funds for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2009

 

Fund

   Class A      Class B  

High Yield Fund VS

     

Distribution Fee

   $ 0       $ 292,462   

Service Fee

   $ 0       $ 0   

Fees Waived by the Distributor

   $ 0       $ 222,271   

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

     

Distribution Fee

   $ 0       $ 319,344   

Service Fee

   $ 0       $ 0   

Fees Waived by the Distributor

   $ 0       $ 0   

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

     

Distribution Fee

   $ 0       $ 19   

Service Fee

   $ 0       $ 0   

Fees Waived by the Distributor

   $ 0       $ 0   

Marsico Growth Fund VS

     

Distribution Fee

   $ 0       $ 43,491   

Service Fee

   $ 0       $ 0   

Fees Waived by the Distributor

   $ 0       $ 0   

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

     

Distribution Fee

     N/A       $ 523,057   

Service Fee

     N/A       $ 0   

Fees Waived by the Distributor

     N/A       $ 0   

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

     

Distribution Fee

   $ 0       $ 21   

Service Fee

   $ 0       $ 0   

Fees Waived by the Distributor

   $ 0       $ 0   

 

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Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

The Funds have delegated to the Advisor or, as applicable, a sub-advisor the responsibility to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities held by the Funds. In deciding to delegate this responsibility to the Advisor, the Board reviewed and approved the policies and procedures adopted by the Advisor and, as applicable, a sub-advisor. These included the procedures that the Advisor follows when a vote presents a conflict between the interests of the Funds and its shareholders and the Advisor (or sub-advisor), its affiliates, its other clients or other persons.

The Advisor’s policy is to vote all proxies for Fund securities in a manner considered by the Advisor to be in the best interest of the Funds and their shareholders without regard to any benefit to the Advisor, its affiliates, its other clients or other persons. The Advisor examines each proposal and votes against the proposal, if, in its judgment, approval or adoption of the proposal would be expected to have an adverse impact on the current or potential market value of the issuer’s securities. The Advisor also examines each proposal and votes the proxies against the proposal, if, in its judgment, the proposal would be expected to affect adversely the best interest of the Funds. The Advisor determines the best interest of the Funds in light of the potential economic return on each Fund’s investment.

The Advisor seeks to address potential material conflicts of interest by having predetermined voting guidelines. For those proposals that require special consideration or in instances where special circumstances may require varying from the predetermined guideline, the Advisor’s Proxy Voting Committee determines the vote in the best interest of the Funds, without consideration of any benefit to the Advisor, its affiliates, its other clients or other persons. The Advisor’s Proxy Voting Committee is composed of representatives of the Advisor’s equity investments, equity research, compliance, legal and operations functions. In addition to the responsibilities described above, the Proxy Voting Committee has the responsibility to review, at least annually, the Advisor’s proxy voting policies to ensure consistency with internal policies and regulatory requirements and to develop additional predetermined voting guidelines to assist in the review of proxy proposals.

The Proxy Voting Committee may vary from a predetermined guideline if it determines that voting on the proposal according to the predetermined guideline would be expected to have an adverse impact on the current or potential market value of the issuer’s securities or to affect adversely the best interest of the Funds. References to the best interests of the Funds refer to the interest of the Funds in terms of the potential economic return on the client’s investment. In determining the vote on any proposal, the Proxy Voting Committee does not consider any benefit other than benefits to the Funds. A member of the Proxy Voting Committee is prohibited from voting on any proposal for which he or she has a conflict of interest by reason of a direct relationship with the issuer or other party affected by a given proposal. Persons making recommendations to the Proxy Voting Committee or its members are required to disclose to the Committee any relationship with a party making a proposal or other matter known to the person that would create a potential conflict of interest.

The Advisor has retained Glass-Lewis & Co., a third-party vendor, to implement its proxy voting process. Glass-Lewis & Co. provides proxy analysis, record keeping services and vote disclosure services.

Information regarding how the Columbia Funds (except certain Columbia Funds that do not invest in voting securities) voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent twelve month period ended June 30 will be available by August 31 of this year free of charge: (i) through the Columbia Funds’ website at www.columbiafunds.com and (ii) on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. For a copy of the Advisor’s and the sub-advisors’ policies and procedures that are used to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities held by the Columbia Funds, see Appendix B to this SAI.

 

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FUND GOVERNANCE

The Board

Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight

The Board oversees management of the Trust and the Funds. The Board has a duty to act in the best interest of shareholders when supervising and overseeing the management and operations of the Trust. The Board consists of seven Trustees who have extensive and varied experience and skills. Six of the Trustees are Independent Trustees. The Trust currently treats the remaining Trustee, Dr. Anthony M. Santomero, as an “interested person” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Columbia Funds (the “Interested Trustee”) because he serves as a Director of Citigroup, Inc. and CitiBank N.A. companies that may engage from time-to-time in brokerage execution, principal transactions and lending relationships with the Funds or other funds or accounts advised/managed by the Advisor. Further information about the background and qualifications of each of the Trustees can be found in the section Trustee Biographical Information and Qualifications.

The Board has appointed an Independent Trustee to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairman actively participates in the development of the agendas for Board meetings, presides at Board Meetings and acts as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Trustees generally between meetings. The Chairman may also perform such other functions as may be delegated by the Board from time to time. Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Trust’s charter document, the designation of Chairman does not impose on such Independent Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that are greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board generally.

The Board has several standing committees (the “Committees”), which are an integral part of the Fund’s overall governance and risk management oversight structure. The standing Committees are the Audit Committee, the Governance Committee, the Contracts Review Committee and the Investment Committee. The roles of each Committee are more fully described in the section Standing Committees below.

The Funds have retained the Advisor as the Funds’ investment adviser and administrator. The Advisor provides the Funds with investment advisory services, and is responsible for day-to-day management and administration of the Funds and management of the risks that arise from the Funds’ investments and operations. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Advisor and other service providers in the operation of the Trust, including with respect to risk management functions. The Funds and the Trust are subject to a number of risks, including investment, compliance, operational, and valuation risks, among others. Day-to-day risk management functions are subsumed within the responsibilities of the Advisor, the sub-advisors and other service providers (depending on the nature of the risk), who carry out the Funds’ investment management and business affairs. Each of the Advisor, the sub-advisors and other service providers have their own, independent interest in risk management, and their policies and methods of carrying out risk management functions will depend, in part, on their analysis of the risks, functions and business models.

Risk oversight forms part of the Board’s general oversight of the Funds and the Trust and is addressed as part of various Board and Committee activities. The Board recognizes that it is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect a Fund or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or even mitigate their occurrence or effects. As part of its regular oversight of the Trust, the Board, directly or through a Committee, interacts with and reviews reports from, among others, the Advisor, sub-advisors, the independent registered public accounting firm for the Funds, and internal auditors for the Advisor or its affiliates, as appropriate, regarding risks faced by the Funds and relevant risk functions. The Board and the Audit Committee also meet periodically with the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer, to receive reports regarding the compliance of the Funds and their principal service providers with the federal securities laws and their internal compliance policies and procedures. The Board and the Audit Committee review and approve the compliance program of the Fund and certain of its service providers, and also receive periodic and annual reports from the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer, as required under applicable regulations. The Board, with the assistance of the Investment Committee, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of the Funds’ performance, and meets periodically

 

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with the portfolio managers of the Funds to receive reports regarding the management of the Funds, including their investment risks. In addition, as part of the Board’s periodic review of the Funds’ advisory, subadvisory and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of their operations and the functions for which they are responsible.

The Independent Trustees have engaged independent legal counsel to assist them in performing their oversight responsibilities. The Board reviews its leadership structure periodically and believes that its structure is appropriate because it allows the Board to exercise informed and independent judgment over matters under its purview, and it allocates areas of responsibility among committees of Trustees and the full Board in a manner that enhances effective oversight. In particular, the Board believes that having an Independent Trustee serve as the chair of the Board and each Committee promotes independence from the Advisor in setting agendas and conducting meetings. The Board believes that its committee structure makes the oversight process more efficient and more effective by allowing smaller groups of Trustees to bring increased focus to matters within the purview of each Committee. The leadership structure of the Board, including the manner in which it conducts its risk oversight role, may be changed, at any time and in the discretion of the Board, including in response to changes in circumstances or the characteristics of the Trust.

Standing Committees

The Trust has four standing Committees, which are the Audit Committee, the Contracts Review Committee, the Governance Committee and the Investment Committee.

In general, the function of the Audit Committee is oversight of the financial aspects of the Trust and Funds and approval of and interaction with the Funds’ Independent Auditors. Management (which generally means the appropriate officers of the Trust, and a Fund’s investment advisor(s), administrator(s) and other key service providers (other than the independent registered public accounting firm)) is primarily responsible for the preparation of the financial statements of each Fund, and the independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing those financial statements. Management also is responsible for maintaining appropriate systems for accounting and “internal controls over financial reporting” (as such term is defined in Rule 30a-3 under the 1940 Act), and the independent registered public accounting firm is primarily responsible for considering such internal controls over financial reporting in connection with its financial statement audits. While the Audit Committee has the duties and powers set forth in the Audit Committee charter, the Audit Committee is not responsible for planning or conducting any Fund audit or for determining whether a Fund’s financial statements are complete and accurate and are in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

The Audit Committee has, among other things, specific power and responsibility to: (i) oversee its Funds’ accounting and financial reporting processes and practices, its internal controls over financial reporting and, as appropriate, the internal controls over financial reporting of the Funds maintained by key service providers; (ii) approve, and recommend to the full Board for its approval in accordance with applicable law, the selection and appointment of an independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund prior to the engagement of such independent registered public accounting firm; (iii) pre-approve all audit and non-audit services provided to the Fund by its independent registered public accounting firm, directly or by establishing pre-approval policies and procedures pursuant to which such services may be rendered, provided however, that the policies and procedures are detailed as to the particular service and the Audit Committee is informed of each service, and such policies do not include the delegation to management of the Audit Committee’s responsibilities under the 1934 Act or applicable rules or listing requirements; and (iv) pre-approve all non-audit services provided by a Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm to the Fund’s investment advisor and any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the investment advisor that provides ongoing services to the Fund, if the engagement relates directly to the operations and financial reporting of the Fund. The members of the Audit Committee are William A. Hawkins (Chair), Edward J. Boudreau, Jr. and William P. Carmichael. The Audit Committee members are all Independent Trustees. The Audit Committee met on five occasions during the last fiscal year.

 

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The primary responsibilities of the Contracts Review Committee, as set forth in its charter, include reviewing and making recommendations to the Board as to: (i) contractual arrangements; (ii) the factors considered in approving investment advisory and the investment sub-advisory agreements; and (iii) service provider oversight and performance. Among other responsibilities, the Contracts Review Committee also oversees and coordinates activities of consultants and legal or financial experts that may be engaged under certain circumstances. The members of the Contracts Review Committee are R. Glenn Hilliard (Chair), William P. Carmichael, John J. Nagorniak and Anthony M. Santomero. With the exception of the Interested Trustee, the Contracts Review Committee members are all Independent Trustees. The Contracts Review Committee met on four occasions during the last fiscal year.

The primary responsibilities of the Governance Committee include, as set forth in its charter: (i) nominating Independent Trustees; (ii) overseeing issues of corporate governance for the Trust and the Funds; (iii) addressing matters relating to compensation of Trustees who are not current directors, officers or employees of a Fund’s investment advisor or sub-advisor or any control affiliate thereof, including deferred compensation and retirement policies; and (iv) evaluating each Board and its committee structure as often as it deems necessary or desirable to determine whether each is functioning effectively. The Governance Committee shall determine the nature of the evaluation and its role therein in its sole discretion. The members of the Governance Committee are Minor M. Shaw (Chair), William A. Hawkins, R. Glenn Hilliard and William P. Carmichael (ex officio). The Governance Committee members are all Independent Trustees. The Governance Committee met on seven occasions during the last fiscal year.

The primary responsibilities of the Investment Committee are, as set forth in its charter, to assist the Board in carrying out its oversight responsibilities in specific areas of investment management, both by acting as liaison between the full Board and the Advisor on investment matters, and by acting on behalf of the Board with respect to investment issues in extraordinary circumstances when it is impractical to convene a meeting of the full Board. In carrying out these general responsibilities, the Investment Committee assists the Board in connection with issues relating to: the investment policies and procedures adopted for each Fund; appropriate performance benchmarks and other comparative issues; portfolio management staffing and other personnel issues of the Advisor; investment related compliance issues; possible exemptive applications or other relief necessary or appropriate with respect to investment matters; and other investment related matters referred from time to time to the Committee by the full Board. The Committee reports its activities to the full Board on a regular basis and is responsible for making such recommendations with respect to the matters described above and other matters as the Committee may deem necessary or appropriate. The Chairperson of the Investment Committee is Edward J. Boudreau, Jr. Each Trustee is a member of the Investment Committee. With the exception of the Interested Trustee, the Investment Committee members are all Independent Trustees. The Investment Committee met on six occasions during the last fiscal year.

The Trust’s Declaration of Trust does not set forth any specific qualifications to serve as a Trustee other than that each Trustee shall be an individual of at least 21 years of age who is not under a legal disability. The Charter of the Governance Committee also does not set forth any specific qualifications, but does set forth certain factors that the Committee may take into account in considering Trustee candidates. Among the attributes or skills common to all Trustees are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the other Trustees, the Advisor, sub-advisors, other service providers, counsel and the independent registered public accounting firm, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment in the performance of their duties as Trustees. Each Trustee’s ability to perform his or her duties effectively has been attained through: (i) the individual’s business and professional experience and accomplishments; (ii) the individual’s experience working with the other Trustees and management; (iii) the individual’s prior experience, if any, serving on the boards of public companies (including, where relevant, other investment companies) and other complex enterprises and organizations; and (iv) his or her educational background, professional training, and/or other life experiences. Generally, no one factor was decisive in determining that an individual should serve as a Trustee.

 

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Following is a summary of each Trustee’s particular professional and other experience that qualifies each person to serve as a Trustee of the Trust as of the date of this SAI:

Edward J. Boudreau, Jr. Mr. Boudreau has been a Trustee of the Trust and of certain other trusts in the Columbia Funds Complex since 2005. In addition, he has over thirty years of business and consulting experience, primarily in the financial services industry, including as the chief executive of a mutual fund management company.

William P. Carmichael. Mr. Carmichael has been a Trustee of the Trust and of certain other trusts in the Columbia Funds Complex since 1999, and has served as Chairman of the Board of the Trust and of certain other trusts in the Columbia Funds Complex since 2003. Mr. Carmichael served in various senior financial and directorship positions with global consumer products companies. Mr. Carmichael is a certified public accountant and a licensed attorney.

William A. Hawkins. Mr. Hawkins has been a Trustee of the Trust and of certain other trusts in the Columbia Funds Complex since 2005. He currently serves as the President and Chief Executive Officer of California General Bank and has over thirty years of executive level experience in the banking industry. Mr. Hawkins is a certified financial planner and a chartered property and casualty underwriter, as well as holding series 7, 24 and 63 licenses from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.

R. Glenn Hilliard. Mr. Hilliard has been a Trustee of the Trust and of certain other trusts in the Columbia Funds Complex since 2005. Mr. Hilliard is currently the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of The Hilliard Group, LLC. He has over twenty years executive level experience in the insurance industry. Mr. Hilliard has served on the Board of Directors and as non-executive chairman of Conseco, Inc. for a number of years. Mr. Hilliard is also a licensed attorney.

John J. Nagorniak. Mr. Nagorniak has been a Trustee of the Trust and of certain other trusts in the Columbia Funds Complex since 2008. Mr. Nagorniak has served in executive level and director positions for over twenty-five years. He is a chartered financial analyst and is currently a Trustee of the Research Foundation of the CFA Institute.

Minor M. Shaw. Ms. Shaw has served as a Trustee of the Trust and of certain other trusts in the Columbia Funds Complex since 2003. Ms. Shaw is the President of certain private companies and is a member of the Board of Piedmont Natural Gas and Blue Cross and Blue Shield of South Carolina. Ms. Shaw also serves as an active member on the boards of numerous educational and public service organizations.

Anthony M. Santomero. Dr. Santomero has been a Trustee of the Trust and of certain other trusts in the Columbia Funds Complex since 2008. Dr. Santomero has over thirty years of experience as a professor of finance and private consultant specializing in issues including risk management, financial restructuring, credit risk evaluation and management, and regulation. He has served as consultant to financial institutions and agencies in the U.S. and various countries in the European Union and the European Community itself, as well as institutions in various countries around the world. Additionally, Dr. Santomero has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.

 

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The following table provides additional biographical information about the Trustees as of the date of this SAI, including their principal occupations during the past five years, although their specific titles may have varied over the period. The mailing address of each Trustee is: c/o Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, One Financial Center, Mail Stop MA5-515-11-05, Boston, MA 02111.

Independent Trustee Biographical Information

 

Name, Age
and Position

Held with the Trust

  

Year First
Appointed or
Elected to a
Board in the
Columbia

Funds Complex

  

Principal

Occupation(s) During

the Past Five Years

   Number of
Funds in the
Columbia
Funds
Complex
Overseen
  

Other
Directorships

  Held by Trustee  

Edward J. Boudreau, Jr.

65

Trustee

   Indefinite term; Trustee since January 2005    Managing Director — E.J. Boudreau & Associates (consulting), from 2000 through current    64    None

William P. Carmichael

66

Trustee and Chairman of the Board

   Indefinite term; Trustee since 1999    Retired    64    Director — Cobra Electronics Corporation (electronic equipment manufacturer); Simmons Company (bedding); and The Finish Line (athletic shoes and apparel)

William A. Hawkins

67

Trustee

   Indefinite term; Trustee since January 2005    President and Chief Executive Officer — California Bank, N.A., from January 2008 through current    64   

None

R. Glenn Hilliard

67

Trustee

   Indefinite term; Trustee since January 2005    Chairman and Chief Executive Officer — Hilliard Group LLC (investing and consulting), from April 2003 through current; Non-Executive Director & Chairman — Conseco, Inc. (insurance), September 2003 through current; Executive Chairman — Conseco, Inc. (insurance), August 2004 through September 2005    64   

Director — Conseco, Inc. (insurance)

 

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Name, Age

and Position

Held with the Trust

  

Year First
Appointed or
Elected to a
Board in the
Columbia

Funds Complex

  

Principal

Occupation(s) During

the Past Five Years

   Number of
Funds in the
Columbia
Funds
Complex
Overseen
  

Other
Directorships

  Held by Trustee  

John J. Nagorniak
65

Trustee

   Indefinite term; Trustee since January 2008    Retired; President and Director — Foxstone Financial, Inc. (consulting), 2000 through December 2007; Director — Mellon Financial Corporation affiliates (investing), 2000 through 2007; Chairman — Franklin Portfolio Associates (investing — Mellon affiliate) 1982 through 2007    64    Trustee — Research Foundation of CFA Institute; Director — MIT Investment Company; Trustee — MIT 401k Plan

Minor M. Shaw

62

Trustee

   Indefinite term; Trustee since 2003    President — Micco Corporation and Mickel Investment Group    64    Board Member — Piedmont Natural Gas
Interested Trustee Biographical Information      

Anthony M. Santomero*

63
Trustee

   Indefinite term; Trustee since January 2008    Richard K. Mellon Professor Emeritus of Finance, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, from 2002 through current; Senior Advisor — McKinsey & Company (consulting), 2006 through 2008; President and Chief Executive Officer — Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, 2000 through 2006    64    Director — Renaissance Reinsurance Ltd.; Trustee — Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company; Director — Citigroup

 

* The Funds currently treat Mr. Santomero as an “interested person” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Funds because he serves as a Director of Citigroup, Inc. and Citibank, N.A. Citigroup, Inc., through its subsidiaries and affiliates, including Citibank, N.A., may engage from time-to-time in brokerage execution, principal transactions and/or lending relationships with the Columbia Funds or other funds or accounts advised/managed by the Advisor.

 

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Compensation

Trustees are compensated for their services to the Columbia Funds Family on a complex-wide basis, as shown in the table below.

Independent Trustee Compensation for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2009

 

Name of Trustee

   Aggregate
Compensation  from
Marsico
International
Opportunities Fund 

VS for the Fiscal
Year ended
December 31, 2009(a)
     Aggregate
Compensation  from
Marsico Focused
Equities Fund
VS for the Fiscal

Year ended
December 31, 2009(a)
     Aggregate
Compensation from
Marsico 21st
Century Fund VS
for the Fiscal

Year ended
December 31, 2009(a)
     Aggregate
Compensation from
Marsico
Growth Fund VS
for the Fiscal
Year ended
December 31, 2009(a)
 

Edward J. Boudreau, Jr(b).

   $ 4,582       $ 4,582       $ 4,582       $ 4,582   

William P. Carmichael(c)

   $ 5,551       $ 5,551       $ 5,551       $ 5,551   

Minor M. Shaw(d)

   $ 4,465       $ 4,465       $ 4,465       $ 4,465   

R. Glenn Hilliard(e)

   $ 4,505       $ 4,505       $ 4,505       $ 4,505   

William A. Hawkins(f)

   $ 4,620       $ 4,620       $ 4,620       $ 4,620   

John J. Nagorniak(g)

   $ 3,886       $ 3,886       $ 3,886       $ 3,886   

Interested Trustee Compensation for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2009

  

  

Anthony M. Santomero(h)

   $ 4,117       $ 4,117       $ 4,117       $ 4,117   

 

Name of Trustee

   Aggregate
Compensation from

Mid Cap Growth
Fund VS for the
Fiscal Year ended
December 31, 2009(a)
     Aggregate
Compensation from
High Yield Fund VS
for the Fiscal
Year ended

December 31, 2009(a)
     Total Compensation
from the Columbia

Funds Complex Paid
to Independent
Trustees for the
Calendar Year ended
December 31, 2009(a)
 

Edward J. Boudreau, Jr(b).

   $ 4,582       $ 4,582       $ 292,500   

William P. Carmichael(c)

   $ 5,551       $ 5,551       $ 355,000   

Minor M. Shaw(d)

   $ 4,465       $ 4,465       $ 285,000   

R. Glenn Hilliard(e)

   $ 4,505       $ 4,505       $ 287,000   

William A. Hawkins(f)

   $ 4,620       $ 4,620       $ 295,000   

John J. Nagorniak(g)

   $ 3,886       $ 3,886       $ 247,500   

Interested Trustee Compensation for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2009

  

Anthony M. Santomero(h)

   $ 4,117       $ 4,117       $ 262,500   

 

(a) All Trustees receive reimbursements for reasonable expenses related to their attendance at meetings of the Board or standing committees, which are not included in the amounts shown.
(b) During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Boudreau deferred $1,375 of his compensation from each Fund. During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Boudreau deferred $80,935 of his total compensation from the Columbia Funds Complex pursuant to the deferred compensation plan.
(c) During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Carmichael deferred $0 of his compensation from each Fund. During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Carmichael deferred $0 of his total compensation from the Columbia Funds Complex pursuant to the deferred compensation plan.
(d) During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, Ms. Shaw deferred $2,233 of her compensation from each Fund. During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Ms. Shaw deferred $131,433 of her total compensation from the Columbia Funds Complex pursuant to the deferred compensation plan.
(e) During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Hilliard deferred $519 of his compensation from each Fund. During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Hilliard deferred $31,154 of his total compensation from the Columbia Funds Complex pursuant to the deferred compensation plan.
(f) During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Hawkins deferred $0 of his compensation from each Fund. During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Hawkins deferred $0 of his total compensation from the Columbia Funds Complex pursuant to the deferred compensation plan.

 

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(g) During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Nagorniak deferred $1,166 of his compensation from each Fund. During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Nagorniak deferred $68,478 of his total compensation from the Columbia Funds Complex pursuant to the deferred compensation plan.
(h) During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Santomero deferred $2,059 of his compensation from each Fund. During the calendar year ended December 31, 2009, Mr. Santomero deferred $121,053 of his total compensation from the Columbia Funds Complex pursuant to the deferred compensation plan.

Columbia Funds Deferred Compensation Plan

Under the terms of the Deferred Fee Agreement (the Deferred Compensation Plan), each eligible Trustee may elect, on an annual basis, to defer receipt of all or a portion of compensation payable to him or her for service as Trustee for that calendar year (expressly, a Trustee may elect to defer his/her annual retainer, his/her attendance fees, or both components, which together comprise total compensation for service). Fees deferred by a Trustee are credited to a book reserve account (the Deferral Account) established by the Columbia Funds, the value of which is derived from the rate of return of one or more Columbia Funds selected by the Trustee (with accruals to the Deferral Account beginning at such time as a Trustee’s fund elections having been established, and fees for service having been paid into such account, and terminating at such time as when proceeds become payable to such Trustee under the Deferred Compensation Plan). Trustees may change their fund elections only in accordance with the provisions of the Deferred Compensation Plan.

Distributions from a Trustee’s Deferral Account will be paid by check, either in a lump sum or in annual installments. Payments made in annual installments are disbursed over a period of up to ten years, following such time as a Trustee may qualify to receive such payments. If a deferring Trustee dies prior to or after the commencement of the disbursement of amounts accrued in his/her Deferral Account, the balance of the account will be distributed to his/her designated beneficiary either in lump sum or in annual payments as established by such Trustee himself/herself, his/her beneficiary or his/her estate. Amounts payable under the Deferred Compensation Plan are not funded or secured in any way, and each deferring Trustee has the status of an unsecured creditor of the Columbia Fund(s) selected by such Trustee.

Beneficial Equity Ownership

As of the date of this SAI, the Trustees and Officers of the Trust, as a group, beneficially owned less than 1% of each class of shares of each Fund. The table below shows, for each Trustee, the amount of Fund equity securities beneficially owned by the Trustee and the aggregate value of all investments in equity securities of the Columbia Funds Family, including notional amounts through the Deferred Compensation Plan, stated as one of the following ranges: A = $0; B = $1-$10,000; C = $10,001-$50,000; D = $50,001-$100,000; and E = over $100,000.

Independent Trustee Ownership for the Calendar Year Ended December 31, 2009

 

Trustee

  

Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Funds

   Aggregate Dollar Range
of Equity Securities in all
Funds in the Columbia
Funds Family
 

Edward J. Boudreau, Jr.

  

Marsico Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS — A

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS — A

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS — A

High Yield Fund VS — A

     E   

William P. Carmichael

  

Marsico Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS — A

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS — A

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS — A

High Yield Fund VS — A

     E   

 

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Table of Contents

Trustee

  

Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Funds

   Aggregate Dollar Range
of Equity Securities in all
Funds in the Columbia
Funds Family
 

Minor M. Shaw

  

Marsico Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS — A

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS — A

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS — A

High Yield Fund VS — A

     E   

R. Glenn Hilliard

  

Marsico Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS — A

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS — A

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS — A

High Yield Fund VS — A

     E   

William A. Hawkins

  

Marsico Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS — A

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS — A

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS — A

High Yield Fund VS — A

     A   

John J. Nagorniak

  

Marsico Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS — A

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS — A

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS — A

High Yield Fund VS — A

     E   

Interested Trustee Ownership for the Calendar Year Ended December 31, 2009

 

Anthony M. Santomero

  

Marsico Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS — A

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS — A

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS — A

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS — A

High Yield Fund VS — A

     E   

 

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Table of Contents

The Officers

The following table provides basic information about the Officers of the Trust as of the date of this SAI, including their principal occupations during the past five years, although their specific titles may have varied over the period. The mailing address of each Officer is: c/o Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, One Financial Center, Mail Stop MA5-515-11-05, Boston, MA 02110.

Officer Biographical Information

 

Name and Year
of Birth

  

Position with

the Trust

   Year First
Elected or
Appointed
to Office
  

Principal Occupation(s)

During the Past Five Years

J. Kevin Connaughton

(Born 1964)

   President    2009    Managing Director of Columbia Management Advisors, LLC since December 2004; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer — Columbia Funds, from June 2008 to January 2009; Treasurer — Columbia Funds, October 2003 — May 2008; Treasurer — the Liberty Funds, Stein Roe Funds and Liberty All-Star Funds, December 2000 — December 2006; Treasurer — Galaxy Funds, September 2002 to December 2005; and a senior officer or director of various other Bank of America-affiliated entities, including other registered and unregistered funds.

James R. Bordewick, Jr.

(Born 1959)

   Senior Vice President, Secretary and Chief Legal Officer    2006    Associate General Counsel, Bank of America since April 2005.

Linda J. Wondrack

(Born 1964)

   Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer    2007    Director (Columbia Management Group, LLC and Investment Product Group Compliance), Bank of America since June 2005; Director of Corporate Compliance and Conflicts Officer, MFS Investment Management (investment management), August 2004 to May 2005.

Michael G. Clarke

(Born 1969)

   Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer    2009    Director of Fund Administration of the Advisor since January 2006; Managing Director of the Advisor, September 2004 to December 2005.

Jeffrey R. Coleman

(Born 1969)

   Treasurer    2009    Director of Fund Administration of the Advisor since January 2006; Fund Controller from October 2004 to January 2006.

Julian Quero

(Born 1967)

   Deputy Treasurer    2003    Senior Tax Manager of the Advisor since August 2006; Senior Compliance Manager of the Advisor from April 2002 to August 2006.

Timothy P. Kane

(Born 1974)

   Assistant Treasurer    2008    Head of Valuation of the Advisor since July 2007; Manager, Accounting Oversight Department of the Advisor since September 2004.

 

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Table of Contents

Name and Year
of Birth

  

Position with

the Trust

   Year First
Elected or
Appointed
to Office
  

Principal Occupation(s)

During the Past Five Years

Kenneth E. O’Connor

(Born 1970)

   Assistant Treasurer    2008    Head of Mutual Fund Performance of the Advisor since September 2006; Senior Manager, Mutual Fund Performance of the Advisor from 2003 to September 2006.

Joseph F. DiMaria

(Born 1968)

  

Chief Accounting

Officer

   2008    Director of Fund Administration of the Advisor since January 2006; Head of Tax/Compliance and Assistant Treasurer from November 2004 to December 2005.

Stephen T. Welsh

(Born 1957)

   Vice President    1996    President and Director, Columbia Management Services, Inc. since July 2004; Managing Director, Columbia Management Distributors, Inc. since August 2007.

Kathryn Thompson

(Born 1967)

   Assistant Treasurer    2006    Vice President, Mutual Fund Accounting Oversight of the Advisor since December 2004.

Philip N. Prefontaine

(Born 1948)

   Assistant Treasurer    2006    Vice President, Mutual Fund Reporting of the Advisor since November 2004.

Keith E. Stone

(Born 1974)

   Assistant Treasurer    2006    Vice President, Trustee Reporting of the Advisor since September 2003.

Barry S. Vallan

(Born 1969)

   Controller    2006    Vice President-Fund Treasury of the Advisor since October 2004.

Peter T. Fariel

(Born 1957)

   Assistant Secretary    2006    Associate General Counsel, Bank of America since April 2005.

Julie B. Lyman

(Born 1970)

   Vice President    2009    Assistant General Counsel, Bank of America since October 2009 and from October 2006 through May 2009; Managing Director of the Advisor from May 2009 through October 2009; Associate, Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Nicholson Graham LLP (law firm) from April 2004 through October 2006.

Ryan C. Larrenaga

(Born 1970)

   Assistant Secretary    2005    Assistant General Counsel, Bank of America since March 2005.

 

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BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES

General Brokerage Policy, Brokerage Transactions and Broker Selection

Subject to policies established by the Board, the Advisor (or the investment sub-advisor(s) who make(s) the day-to-day investment decisions for a Fund, as applicable) is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for each Fund, for the selection of broker/dealers, for the execution of a Fund’s securities transactions and for the allocation of brokerage commissions in connection with such transactions. The Advisor’s primary consideration in effecting a security transaction is to obtain the best net price and the most favorable execution of the order. Purchases and sales of securities on a securities exchange are effected through brokers who charge negotiated commissions for their services. Orders may be directed to any broker to the extent and in the manner permitted by applicable law.

In the over-the-counter market, securities generally are traded on a “net” basis with dealers acting as principals for their own accounts without stated commissions, although the price of a security usually includes a profit to the dealer. In underwritten offerings, securities are bought at a fixed price that includes an amount of compensation to the underwriter, generally referred to as the underwriter’s “concession” or “discount.” On occasion, certain money market instruments may be bought directly from an issuer, in which case no commissions or discounts are paid.

The Funds are affiliated with the NYSE specialist firm Banc of America Specialist, Inc. In order to ensure that markets are fair, orderly and competitive, NYSE specialist firms are responsible for maintaining a liquid and continuous two-sided auction market by acting as both an agent and a principal. Specialists are entrusted to hold the interests of customer orders above the specialist’s own interests, and will buy and sell securities as principal when such transactions are necessary to minimize imbalances between supply and demand. Banc of America Specialist, Inc. may make a market in certain securities held by the Funds.

In placing orders for portfolio securities of the Funds, the Advisor gives primary consideration to obtaining the best net prices and most favorable execution. This means that the Advisor will seek to execute each transaction at a price and commission, if any, which provides the most favorable total cost or proceeds reasonably attainable in the circumstances. In seeking such execution, the Advisor will use its best judgment in evaluating the terms of a transaction, and will give consideration to various relevant factors, including, without limitation, the size and type of the transaction, the nature and character of the market for the security, the confidentiality, speed and certainty of effective execution required for the transaction, the general execution and operational capabilities of the broker/dealer, the reputation, reliability, experience and financial condition of the broker/dealer, the value and quality of the services rendered by the broker/dealer in this instance and other transactions and the reasonableness of the spread or commission, if any. Research services received from broker/dealers supplement the Advisor’s own research and may include the following types of information: statistical and background information on industry groups and individual companies; forecasts and interpretations with respect to U.S. and foreign economies, securities, markets, specific industry groups and individual companies; information on political developments; Fund management strategies; performance information on securities and information concerning prices of securities; and information supplied by specialized services to the Advisor and to the Board with respect to the performance, investment activities and fees and expenses of other mutual funds. Such information may be communicated electronically, orally or in written form. Research services also may include the arranging of meetings with management of companies and the provision of access to consultants who supply research information.

The outside research is useful to the Advisor since, in certain instances, the broker/dealers utilized by the Advisor may follow a different universe of securities issuers and other matters than those that the Advisor’s staff can follow. In addition, this research provides the Advisor with a different perspective on financial markets, even if the securities research obtained relates to issues followed by the Advisor. Research services that are provided to the Advisor by broker/dealers are available for the benefit of all accounts managed or advised by the Advisor. In some cases, the research services are available only from the broker/dealer providing such services. In other

 

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cases, the research services may be obtainable from alternative sources. The Advisor is of the opinion that because the broker/dealer research supplements rather than replaces the Advisor’s o wn research, the receipt of such research does not tend to decrease the Advisor’s expenses, but tends to improve the quality of its investment advice. However, to the extent that the Advisor would have bought any such research services had such services not been provided by broker/dealers, the expenses of such services to the Advisor could be considered to have been reduced accordingly. Certain research services furnished by broker/dealers may be useful to the clients of the Advisor other than the Funds. Conversely, any research services received by the Advisor through the placement of transactions of other clients may be of value to the Advisor in fulfilling its obligations to the Funds. The Advisor is of the opinion that this material is beneficial in supplementing its research and analysis; and, therefore, it may benefit the Trust by improving the quality of the Advisor’s investment advice. The advisory fees paid by the Trust are not reduced because the Advisor receives such services.

Under Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act, the Advisor shall not be “deemed to have acted unlawfully or to have breached its fiduciary duty” solely because under certain circumstances it has caused the account to pay a higher commission than the lowest available. To obtain the benefit of Section 28(e), the Advisor must make a good faith determination that the commissions paid are “reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by such member, broker, or dealer, viewed in terms of either that particular transaction or his overall responsibilities with respect to the accounts as to which he exercises investment discretion.” Accordingly, the price to the Funds in any transaction may be less favorable than that available from another broker/dealer if the difference is reasonably justified by other aspects of the portfolio execution services offered. Some broker/dealers may indicate that the provision of research services is dependent upon the generation of certain specified levels of commissions and underwriting concessions by the Advisor’s clients, including the Funds.

Commission rates are established pursuant to negotiations with broker/dealers based on the quality and quantity of execution services provided by broker/dealers in light of generally prevailing rates. On exchanges on which commissions are negotiated, the cost of transactions may vary among different broker/dealers. Transactions on foreign stock exchanges involve payment of brokerage commissions that generally are fixed. Transactions in both foreign and domestic over-the-counter markets generally are principal transactions with dealers, and the costs of such transactions involve dealer spreads rather than brokerage commissions. With respect to over-the-counter transactions, the Advisor, where possible, will deal directly with dealers who make a market in the securities involved, except in those circumstances in which better prices and execution are available elsewhere.

In certain instances there may be securities that are suitable for more than one Fund as well as for one or more of the other clients of the Advisor. Investment decisions for the Funds and for the Advisor’s other clients are made with the goal of achieving their respective investment objectives. A particular security may be bought or sold for only one client even though it may be held by, or bought or sold for, other clients. Likewise, a particular security may be bought for one or more clients when one or more other clients are selling that same security. Some simultaneous transactions are inevitable when a number of accounts receive investment advice from the same investment advisor, particularly when the same security is suitable for the investment objectives of more than one client. When two or more clients are engaged simultaneously in the purchase or sale of the same security, the securities are allocated among clients in a manner believed to be equitable to each. In some cases, this policy could have a detrimental effect on the price or volume of the security in a particular transaction that may affect the Funds.

The Funds may participate, if and when practicable, in bidding for the purchase of portfolio securities directly from an issuer in order to take advantage of the lower purchase price available to members of a bidding group. The Funds will engage in this practice, however, only when the Advisor, in its sole discretion, believes such practice to be otherwise in the Funds’ interests.

The Trust will not execute portfolio transactions through, or buy or sell portfolio securities from or to, the Distributor, the Advisor, the Administrator or their affiliates acting as principal (including repurchase and reverse

 

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repurchase agreements), except to the extent permitted by applicable law, regulation or order. However, the Advisor is authorized to allocate buy and sell orders for portfolio securities to certain broker/dealers and financial institutions, including, in the case of agency transactions, broker/dealers and financial institutions that are affiliated with Bank of America. To the extent that a Fund executes any securities trades with an affiliate of Bank of America, the Fund does so in conformity with Rule 17e-1 under the 1940 Act and the procedures that the Fund has adopted pursuant to the rule. In this regard, for each transaction, the Board will determine that: (i) the transaction resulted in prices for and execution of securities transactions at least as favorable to the particular Fund as those likely to be derived from a non-affiliated qualified broker/dealer; (ii) the affiliated broker/dealer charged the Fund commission rates consistent with those charged by the affiliated broker/dealer in similar transactions to clients comparable to the Fund and that are not affiliated with the broker/dealer in question; and (iii) the fees, commissions or other remuneration paid by the Fund did not exceed 2% of the sales price of the securities if the sale was effected in connection with a secondary distribution, or 1% of the purchase or sale price of such securities if effected in other than a secondary distribution.

Certain affiliates of Bank of America, such as its subsidiary banks, may have deposit, loan or commercial banking relationships with the corporate users of facilities financed by industrial development revenue bonds or private activity bonds bought by certain of the Columbia Funds. Bank of America or certain of its affiliates may serve as trustee, custodian, tender agent, guarantor, placement agent, underwriter, or in some other capacity, with respect to certain issues of securities. Under certain circumstances, the Funds may buy securities from a member of an underwriting syndicate in which an affiliate of Bank of America is a member. The Trust has adopted procedures pursuant to Rule 10f-3 under the 1940 Act, and intends to comply with the requirements of Rule 10f-3, in connection with any purchases of municipal securities that may be subject to Rule 10f-3.

Given the breadth of the Advisor’s investment management activities, investment decisions for each Fund are not always made independently from those for other funds, or other investment companies and accounts advised or managed by the Advisor. When a purchase or sale of the same security is made at substantially the same time on behalf of one or more of the Columbia Funds and another investment portfolio, investment company or account, the transaction will be averaged as to price and available investments allocated as to amount in a manner which the Advisor believes to be equitable to each Fund and such other funds, investment portfolio, investment company or account. In some instances, this investment procedure may adversely affect the price paid or received by a Fund or the size of the position obtained or sold by the Fund. To the extent permitted by law, the Advisor may aggregate the securities to be sold or bought for the Funds with those to be sold or bought for other funds, investment portfolios, investment companies, or accounts in executing transactions.

See Investment Advisory and Other Services — Other Roles and Relationships of Bank of America and its Affiliates — Certain Conflicts of Interest for more information about these and other conflicts of interest.

Brokerage Commissions

The following table describes the amounts of brokerage commissions paid by the Funds during their three most recently completed fiscal years. In certain instances the Funds may pay brokerage commissions to broker/dealers that are affiliates of Bank of America. As indicated above, all such transactions involving the payment of brokerage commissions to affiliates are done in compliance with Rule 17e-1 under the 1940 Act.

Aggregate Brokerage Commissions Paid by the Funds

 

Fund

   Fiscal Year  Ended
December 31, 2009
     Fiscal Year  Ended
December 31, 2008
     Fiscal Year  Ended
December 31, 2007
 

High Yield Fund VS

   $ 2,266       $ 12,990       $ 23,482   

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

     499,830         357,778         158,120   

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

     161,877         275,110         251,069   

Marsico Growth Fund VS

     3,255,646         2,935,395         745,990   

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

     633,237         1,037,643         1,238,199   

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

     130,119         124,357         217,650   

 

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The Funds paid no brokerage commissions to affiliated broker/dealers for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009, except as shown in the following chart.

Brokerage Commissions Paid by the Funds to Affiliated Broker-Dealers*

 

          Aggregate Brokerage Commissions Paid  

Fund

  

Broker/Dealer
(Relationship to Fund)

   Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2009
     Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2008
     Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2007
 

Marsico Growth Fund VS

   MLPF&S (a broker/dealer subsidiary of Bank of America)    $ 70,087         N/A         N/A   

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

   MLPF&S (a broker/dealer subsidiary of Bank of America)    $ 30,349         N/A         N/A   

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

   MLPF&S (a broker/dealer subsidiary of Bank of America)    $ 13,933         N/A         N/A   

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

   MLPF&S (a broker/dealer subsidiary of Bank of America)    $ 3,115         N/A         N/A   

 

Fund

  

Affiliated
Broker/Dealer

   Percentage of  the
Fund’s Aggregate
Brokerage Commissions
Paid to the Affiliated
Broker/Dealer During
the Most Recent Fiscal Year
    Percentage of  the
Fund’s Aggregate Dollar
Amount of Transactions

Involving the Payment
of Commissions Effected
Through the Affiliated
Broker/Dealer During the
Most Recent Fiscal Year
 

Marsico Growth Fund VS

   MLPF&S (a broker/dealer subsidiary of Bank of America)      2.15     2.41

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

   MLPF&S (a broker/dealer subsidiary of Bank of America)      4.79     5.31

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

   MLPF&S (a broker/dealer subsidiary of Bank of America)      2.79     2.66

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

   MLPF&S (a broker/dealer subsidiary of Bank of America)      1.92     2.41

 

* The chart discloses brokerage commissions paid to Merrill Lynch after it became an affiliate of the Advisor on January 1, 2009.

 

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Directed Brokerage

The Funds or the Advisor, through an agreement or understanding with a broker/dealer, or otherwise through an internal allocation procedure, may direct, subject to applicable legal requirements, the Funds’ brokerage transactions to a broker/dealer because of the research services it provides the Funds or the Advisor.

During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, the Funds directed brokerage transactions as follows:

 

Fund

   Amount of
Transactions
       Amount of
Commissions
 

High Yield Fund VS

   $ 225,796         $ 1,242   

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

   $ 55,631,428         $ 11,121   

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

   $ 22,930,724         $ 3,942   

Marsico Growth Fund VS

   $ 413,178,565         $ 77,124   

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

   $ 176,634,531         $ 31,903   

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

   $ 101,327,886         $ 14,876   

Securities of Regular Broker/Dealers

In certain cases, the Funds, as part of their principal investment strategies, or otherwise as a permissible investment, will invest in the common stock or debt obligations of the regular broker/dealers that the Advisor uses to transact brokerage for the Columbia Funds Family.

As of December 31, 2009, the Funds owned securities of their “regular brokers or dealers” or their parents, as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act, as shown in the table below.

Investments in Securities of Regular Broker/Dealers as of December 31, 2009

 

Fund

 

Broker/Dealer

  Dollar Amount of
Securities Held
 

High Yield Fund VS

  None     N/A   

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

  Goldman Sachs & Co.   $ 3,244,767   
  JPMorgan Chase & Co.   $ 7,538,839   
  Jefferies Group, Inc.   $ 4,801,766   
  State Street Corp.   $ 2,207,086   

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

  Goldman Sachs & Co.   $ 2,969,558   
  JPMorgan Chase & Co.   $ 2,910,566   

Marsico Growth Fund VS

  Goldman Sachs & Co.   $ 67,442,800   
  JPMorgan Chase & Co.   $ 59,950,212   

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

  CS First Boston Corp.   $ 7,499,914   

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

  None     N/A   

Additional Financial Intermediary Payments

Financial intermediaries may receive different commissions, sales charge reallowances and other payments with respect to sales of different classes of shares of the Funds. For purposes of this section the term “financial intermediary” includes any broker/dealer, bank, bank trust department, registered investment advisor, financial planner, retirement plan or other third party administrator and any other institution having a selling, services or any similar agreement with the Distributor and other Bank of America affiliates.

The Distributor and other Bank of America affiliates may pay additional compensation to selected financial intermediaries, including other Bank of America affiliates, under the categories described below. These

 

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categories are not mutually exclusive, and a single financial intermediary may receive payments under all categories. These payments may create an incentive for a financial intermediary or its representatives to recommend or offer shares of a Fund to its customers. The amount of payments made to financial intermediaries may vary. In determining the amount of payments to be made, the Distributor and other Bank of America affiliates may consider a number of factors, including, without limitation, asset mix and length or relationship with the financial intermediary, the size of the customer/shareholder base of the financial intermediary, the manner in which customers of the financial intermediary make investments in the Funds, the nature and scope of marketing support or services provided by the financial intermediary (as described more fully below) and the costs incurred by the financial intermediary in connection with maintaining the infrastructure necessary or desirable to support investments in the Funds.

These additional payments by the Distributor and other Bank of America affiliates are made pursuant to agreements between the Distributor and other Bank of America affiliates and financial intermediaries, and do not change the price paid by investors for the purchase of a share, the amount a Fund will receive as proceeds from such sales or the distribution fees and expenses paid by the Fund as shown under the heading Fees and Expenses in the Fund’s prospectuses.

Marketing Support Payments

The Distributor and the Advisor may make payments, from their own resources, to certain financial intermediaries, including other Bank of America affiliates, for marketing support services relating to the Columbia Funds, including, but not limited to, business planning assistance, educating financial intermediary personnel about the Funds and shareholder financial planning needs, placement on the financial intermediary’s preferred or recommended fund list or otherwise identifying the Funds as being part of a complex to be accorded a higher degree of marketing support than complexes not making such payments, access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives of the financial intermediary, client servicing and systems infrastructure support. These payments are generally based upon one or more of the following factors: average net assets of the Columbia Funds distributed by the Distributor attributable to that financial intermediary, gross sales of the Columbia Funds distributed by the Distributor attributable to that financial intermediary, reimbursement of ticket charges (fees that a financial intermediary firm charges its representatives for effecting transactions in fund shares) or a negotiated lump sum payment.

While the financial arrangements may vary for each financial intermediary, the marketing support payments to each financial intermediary generally are expected to be between 0.15% and 0.50% on an annual basis for payments based on average net assets of the Funds attributable to the financial intermediary. The Distributor and the Advisor may make payments in materially larger amounts or on a basis materially different from those described above when dealing with other affiliates of Bank of America. Such increased payments to the other Bank of America affiliate may enable the other Bank of America affiliate to offset credits that it may provide to its customers in order to avoid having such customers pay fees to multiple Bank of America entities in connection with the customer’s investment in a Columbia Fund.

As of the date of this SAI, the Distributor and/or other Bank of America affiliates had agreed to make marketing support payments to the financial intermediaries or their affiliates shown below.

 

Recipients of Marketing Support Payments from the Distributor and/or other Bank of America affiliates

•   American One United Life Insurance Company

•   Ameriprise Financial Services, Inc.

•   Farm Bureau Life Insurance Company

•   Genworth Financial, Inc.

•   ING Insurance Company of America

•   Kemper Investors Life Insurance Company

•   Merrill Lynch Life Insurance Company

•   ML Life Insurance Company of New York

 

•   Monumental Life Insurance Company

•   PHL Variable Insurance Company

•   RiverSource Life Insurance Company

•   RiverSource Life Insurance Company of New York

•   Security Benefit Life Insurance Company

•   Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada

•   Transamerica Financial Life Insurance Company

 

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The Distributor and/or the Advisor may enter into similar agreements with other financial intermediaries from time to time. Therefore, the preceding list is subject to change at any time without notice.

Other Payments

From time to time, the Distributor, from its own resources, may provide additional compensation to certain financial intermediaries that sell or arrange for the sale of shares of the Funds to the extent not prohibited by laws or the rules of any self-regulatory agency, such as the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). Such compensation provided by the Distributor may include financial assistance to financial intermediaries that enable the Distributor to participate in and/or present at financial intermediary-sponsored conferences or seminars, sales or training programs for invited registered representatives and other financial intermediary employees, financial intermediary entertainment and other financial intermediary-sponsored events, and travel expenses, including lodging incurred by registered representatives and other employees in connection with prospecting, retention and due diligence trips. The Distributor makes payments for entertainment events it deems appropriate, subject to the Distributor’s internal guidelines and applicable law. These payments may vary depending upon the nature of the event.

Your financial intermediary may charge you fees or commissions in addition to those disclosed in this SAI. You should consult with your financial intermediary and review carefully any disclosure your financial intermediary provides regarding its services and compensation. Depending on the financial arrangement in place at any particular time, a financial intermediary and its financial consultants may have a financial incentive for recommending a particular Fund or a particular share class over other funds or share classes. See Investment Advisory and Other Services — Other Roles and Relationships of Bank of America and its Affiliates — Certain Conflicts of Interest for more information.

 

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CAPITAL STOCK AND OTHER SECURITIES

Description of the Trust’s Shares

The Funds offer shares in the classes shown in the table below. Subject to certain limited exceptions discussed in each Fund’s prospectuses, a Fund may no longer be accepting new investments from current shareholders or prospective investors. The Funds, however, may at any time and without notice, offer any of these classes to the general public for investment.

The Declaration of Trust permits the Trust to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest of each Fund, without par value, and to divide or combine the shares of any series into a greater or lesser number of shares of that Fund without thereby changing the proportionate beneficial interests in that Fund and to divide such shares into classes. Each share of a class of a Fund represents an equal proportional interest in that Fund with each other share in the same class and is entitled to such distributions out of the income earned on the assets belonging to that Fund as are declared in the discretion of the Board. However, different share classes of a Fund pay different distribution amounts because each share class has different expenses. Each time a distribution is made, the net asset value per share of the share class is reduced by the amount of the distribution.

Share Classes Offered by the Funds

 

Fund

   Class A
Shares
     Class B
Shares
 

High Yield Fund VS

   ü         ü     

Marsico 21st Century Fund VS

   ü         ü     

Marsico Focused Equities Fund VS

   ü         ü     

Marsico Growth Fund VS

   ü         ü     

Marsico International Opportunities Fund VS

      ü     

Mid Cap Growth Fund VS

   ü         ü     

Restrictions on Holding or Disposing of Shares

There are no restrictions on the right of shareholders to retain or dispose of the Funds’ shares, other than the possible future termination of the Funds. The Funds may be terminated by reorganization into another mutual fund or by liquidation and distribution of their assets. Unless terminated by reorganization or liquidation, the Fund will continue indefinitely.

Shareholder Liability

The Trust is organized under Delaware law, which provides that shareholders of a statutory trust are entitled to the same limitations of personal liability as shareholders of a corporation organized under Delaware law. Effectively, this means that a shareholder of the Fund will not be personally liable for payment of the Fund’s debts except by reason of his or her own conduct or acts. In addition, a shareholder could incur a financial loss on account of the Fund’s obligation only if the Fund had no remaining assets with which to meet such obligation. We believe that the possibility of such a situation arising is extremely remote.

Dividend Rights

The shareholders of a Fund are entitled to receive any dividends or other distributions declared for the Fund. No shares have priority or preference over any other shares of a Fund with respect to distributions. Distributions will be made from the assets of a Fund, and will be paid pro rata to all shareholders of the Fund (or class) according to the number of shares of the Fund (or class) held by shareholders on the record date. The amount of

 

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income dividends per share may vary between separate share classes of a Fund based upon differences in the way that expenses are allocated between share classes pursuant to a multiple class plan.

Voting Rights and Shareholder Meetings

The Trust is not required to hold annual shareholder meetings, but special meetings may be called for certain purposes. The Trust voluntarily has undertaken to hold a shareholder meeting at which the Board would be elected at least every five years beginning in 2005. Each whole share (or fractional share) outstanding on the record date established in accordance with the Trust’s By-Laws shall be entitled to a number of votes on any matter on which it is entitled to vote equal to the net asset value of the share (or fractional share) in U.S. dollars determined at the close of business on the record date (for example, a share having a net asset value of $10.50 would be entitled to 10.5 votes).

Shareholders have the power to vote only as expressly granted under the 1940 Act or under Delaware statutory trust law. Shareholders have no independent right to vote on any matter, including the creation, operation, dissolution or termination of the Trust. Shareholders have the right to vote on other matters only as the Board authorizes. Currently, the 1940 Act requires that shareholders have the right to vote, under certain circumstances, to: (i) elect Trustees; (ii) approve investment advisory agreements and principal underwriting agreements; (iii) approve a change in subclassification of a Fund; (iv) approve any change in fundamental investment policies; (v) approve a distribution plan under Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; and (vi) to terminate the employment of the independent accountant.

The Trustees may fill any vacancies on the Board except that the Trustees may not fill a vacancy if, immediately after filling such vacancy, less than two-thirds of the Trustees then in office would have been elected to such office by the shareholders. In addition, at such times as less than a majority of the Trustees then in office have been elected to such office by the shareholders, the Trustees must call a meeting of shareholders. Trustees may be removed from office by a vote of two-thirds of the outstanding shares at a meeting called at the request of shareholders whose interests represent 10% or more of the outstanding shares. Except as otherwise disclosed in a Fund’s prospectuses and this SAI, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint their successors.

At any shareholders’ meetings that may be held, shareholders of all series would vote together, irrespective of series, on the election of Trustees, but each series would vote separately from the others on other matters, such as changes in the investment policies of that series or the approval of the management agreement for that series. Shares of the Fund and any other series of the Trust that may be in existence from time to time generally vote together except when required by law to vote separately by Fund or by class.

Certain Participating Insurance Companies have voting rights with respect to all Fund shares held in the separate accounts where the Participating Insurance Companies set aside and invest the assets of certain of their annuity contracts and life insurance policies. To the extent a matter is to be voted upon by Fund shareholders and to the extent required by federal securities laws or regulations, it is expected that the Participating Insurance Companies will: (i) notify each annuity contract owner and life insurance policy holder (each an “Owner” and collectively, the “Owners”) of the shareholder meeting if shares held for that Owner’s contract or policy may be voted; (ii) send proxy materials and a form of instructions that each Owner can use to tell its Participating Insurance Company how to vote the Fund shares held for such contract or policy; (iii) arrange for the handling and tallying of proxies received from the Owners; (iv) vote all Fund shares attributable to each Owner’s contract or policy according to instructions received from such Owner; and (v) vote all Fund shares for which no voting instructions are received in the same proportion as shares for which instructions have been received.

 

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Liquidation Rights

In the event of the liquidation or dissolution of the Trust or a Fund, shareholders of a Fund are entitled to a proportionate share of the assets of the Fund that are available for distribution and to a distribution of any general assets not attributable to a particular Fund, in the event of a liquidation or dissolution of the Trust, that are available for distribution in such manner and on such basis as the Board may determine.

Preemptive Rights

There are no preemptive rights associated with Fund shares.

Conversion Rights

Shareholders have the right, which is subject to change by the Board, to convert or “exchange” shares of one class for another. Such right is outlined and subject to certain conditions set forth in each Fund’s prospectuses.

Redemptions

Each Fund’s dividend, distribution and redemption policies can be found in its prospectuses under the headings Buying, Selling and Exchanging Shares and Distributions and Taxes. However, the Board may suspend the right of shareholders to sell shares when permitted or required to do so by law or compel sales of shares in certain cases.

Sinking Fund Provisions

The Trust has no sinking fund provisions.

Calls or Assessment

All Fund shares are issued in uncertificated form only and when issued will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.

 

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PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND PRICING OF SHARES

Purchase and Redemption

An investor may purchase, redeem and exchange shares in the Funds utilizing the methods, and subject to the restrictions, described in the Funds’ prospectuses. The following information supplements information in the Funds’ prospectuses.

Fund shares are made available to serve as the underlying investment vehicles for variable annuity and variable life insurance separate accounts issued by Participating Insurance Companies. Shares of the Funds are sold at net asset value without the imposition of a sales charge. The separate accounts of the Participating Insurance Companies place orders to purchase and redeem shares of the Funds based on, among other things, the amount of premium payments to be invested and the amount of surrender and transfer requests to be effected on that day pursuant to the contracts.

In addition, in no instance will the Funds be made available to life insurance separate accounts without the Trust having received any necessary SEC consents or approvals. It is conceivable that in the future it may be disadvantageous for variable annuity separate accounts and variable life insurance separate accounts to invest in the Funds simultaneously. Although the Trust and the Funds do not currently foresee any such disadvantages either to variable annuity contract owners or variable life insurance policy owners, the Trust’s Board intends to monitor events in order to identify any material conflicts between such contract owners and policy owners and to determine what action, if any, should be taken in response thereto. If the Board were to conclude that separate funds should be established for variable life and variable annuity separate accounts, the variable life and variable annuity contract holders would not bear any expenses attendant to the establishment of such separate funds.

Purchases of the Funds may be effected on days on which the NYSE is open for business (a “Business Day”). The Trust and the Distributor reserve the right to reject any purchase order. The issuance of Shares is recorded on the books of the Trust, and share certificates are not issued.

Effective Time of Purchases

Purchase orders for shares in the Funds that are received by the Distributor or by the Transfer Agent before the close of regular trading hours on the Exchange (currently 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on any Business Day are priced according to the net asset value determined on that day but are not executed until 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the Business Day on which immediately available funds in payment of the purchase price are received by the Fund’s Custodian.

Purchases and Redemptions

Redemption proceeds are normally remitted in Federal funds wired to the redeeming Participating Insurance Company within three Business Days following receipt of the order. It is the responsibility of the Distributor to transmit orders it receives to the Trust. No charge for wiring redemption payments is imposed by the Trust. Redemption orders are effected at the net asset value per share next determined after acceptance of the order by the Transfer Agent.

The Trust may redeem shares involuntarily or make payment for redemption in readily marketable securities or other property under certain circumstances in accordance with the 1940 Act.

The Trust has elected to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the 1940 Act, as a result of which a Fund is obligated to redeem shares, with respect to any one shareholder during any 90-day period, solely in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the net asset value of the Fund at the beginning of the period.

 

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Anti-Money Laundering Compliance

The Funds are required to comply with various anti-money laundering laws and regulations. Consequently, the Funds may request additional required information from you to verify your identity. Your application will be rejected if it does not contain your name, social security number, date of birth and permanent street address. If at any time the Funds believe a shareholder may be involved in suspicious activity or if certain account information matches information on government lists of suspicious persons, the Funds may choose not to establish a new account or may be required to “freeze” a shareholder’s account. The Funds also may be required to provide a governmental agency with information about transactions that have occurred in a shareholder’s account or to transfer monies received to establish a new account, transfer an existing account or transfer the proceeds of an existing account to a governmental agency. In some circumstances, the law may not permit the Funds to inform the shareholder that it has taken the actions described above.

Offering Price and Valuation

The share price of each Fund is based on each Fund’s net asset value per share, which is calculated separately for each class of shares as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE (which is usually 4:00 p.m. Eastern time unless the NYSE closes earlier) on each day the Funds are open for business, unless the Board determines otherwise.

The value of each Fund’s portfolio securities for which a market quotation is available is determined in accordance with the Trust’s valuation procedures. In general terms, the valuation procedures provide that domestic exchange traded securities (other than NASDAQ listed equity securities) generally will be valued at their last traded sale prices as reported on the principal exchange where those securities are traded. If no sales of those securities are reported on a particular day on the principal exchange, the securities generally will be valued at the mean between the latest bid and asked prices as reported on the principal exchange where those securities are traded. Securities traded on a foreign securities exchange will generally be valued at their last sale prices on the exchange where the securities are primarily traded, or in the absence of a reported sale on a particular day, at their bid prices (in the case of securities held long) or ask prices (in the case of securities held short) as reported by that exchange. Securities traded primarily on NASDAQ will generally be valued at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price (NOCP) (which is the last trade price at or before 4:00:02 p.m. (Eastern Time) adjusted up to NASDAQ’s best bid price if the last trade price is below such bid price or adjusted down to NASDAQ’s best ask price if the last trade price is above such ask price). If no NOCP is available, the security will generally be valued at the last sale price shown on NASDAQ prior to the calculation of the NAV of the Fund. If no sale price is shown on NASDAQ, the latest bid price will be used. If no sale price is shown and no latest bid price is available, the price will be deemed “stale” and the value will be determined in accordance with the Funds’ fair valuation procedures.

Securities not traded upon any exchange will generally be valued at the mean between the latest bid and asked prices based upon quotes furnished by the appropriate market makers. If quoted prices are unavailable or are believed to be inaccurate, market values will generally be determined based on quotes obtained from one or more broker(s) or dealer(s) or based on a price obtained from a reputable independent pricing service.

Financial futures will generally be valued at the latest reported sales price. Forward foreign currency contracts will generally be valued using market quotations from a widely used quotation system that reflects the current cost of covering or off-setting the contract. Exchange traded options will generally be valued at the latest reported sales price on their exchange. If there is no reported sale on the valuation date, the options will generally be valued at the mean between the latest bid and asked prices.

Over-the-counter derivatives will generally be valued at fair value in accordance with the fair valuation procedures.

 

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Repurchase agreements will generally be valued at a price equal to the amount of the cash invested in the repurchase agreement at the time of valuation. The market value of the securities underlying a repurchase agreement will be determined in accordance with the procedures above, as appropriate, for the purpose of determining the adequacy of collateral.

Shares of open-end investment companies held in a Fund’s portfolio will generally be valued at the latest net asset value reported by the investment company.

Debt securities will generally be valued by a pricing service which may employ a matrix or other indications of value, including but not limited to broker quotes, to determine valuations for normal institutional size trading units. The matrix can take into account various factors including, without limitation, bids, yield spreads, and/or other market data and specific security characteristics (e.g., credit quality, maturity and coupon rate). Debt securities for which a pricing service does not furnish valuations and for which market quotations are readily available will generally be valued based on the mean of the latest bid prices obtained from one or more dealers. Debt securities with remaining maturities of 60 days or less will, absent unusual circumstances, be valued at amortized cost.

Securities for which market quotations are not readily available for any reason, including that the latest quotation is deemed unreliable or unreasonable, securities and other assets and liabilities are valued at “fair value” as determined in good faith by the Advisor’s valuation committee. In general, any one or more of the following factors may be taken into account in determining fair value: the fundamental analytical data relating to the security; the value of other financial instruments, including derivative securities, traded on other markets or among dealers; trading volumes on markets, exchanges, or among dealers; values of baskets of securities traded on other markets; changes in interest rates; observations from financial institutions; government (domestic or foreign) actions or pronouncements; other news events; information as to any transactions or offers with respect to the security; price and extent of public trading in similar securities of the issuer or comparable companies; nature and expected duration of the event, if any, giving rise to the valuation issue; pricing history of the security; the relative size of the position in the portfolio; and other relevant information.

With respect to securities traded on foreign markets, the following factors also may be relevant: the value of foreign securities traded on other foreign markets; ADR trading; closed-end fund trading; foreign currency exchange activity; and the trading of financial products that are tied to baskets of foreign securities, such as World Equity Benchmark Shares™.

The Board has determined, and the valuation procedures provide, that in certain circumstances it may be necessary to use an alternative valuation method, such as in-kind redemptions with affiliates where the Department of Labor requires that valuation to be done in accordance with Rule 17a-7 of the 1940 Act.

 

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TAXATION

The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Funds’ prospectuses entitled Distributions and Taxes. The prospectuses generally describe the U.S. federal income tax treatment of the Funds and their shareholders. This section of the SAI provides additional information concerning U.S. federal income taxes. It is based on the Code, applicable Treasury Regulations, judicial authority, and administrative rulings and practice, all as in effect as of the date of this SAI and all of which are subject to change, including changes with retroactive effect. The following discussion does not address any state, local or foreign tax matters.

The following discussion is generally based on the assumption that the shares of each Fund will be respected as owned by participating insurance companies through their separate accounts. If this is not the case, the person(s) determined to own the Fund shares will not be eligible for tax deferral and, instead, will be taxed currently on Fund distributions and on the proceeds of any sale, exchange or redemption of Fund shares under applicable U.S. federal income tax rules that may not be discussed herein.

Because insurance company separate accounts (and potentially certain other permitted investors) will be the only shareholders of a Fund, only certain tax aspects of an investment in a Fund are described herein. The tax treatment of holders of variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies and insurance companies may vary depending on their particular situation.

The Trust has not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the IRS as to the U.S. federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. In addition, the following discussion and the discussions in the Funds’ prospectuses address only some of the U.S. federal income tax considerations generally affecting investments in the Funds.

Prospective holders of variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies are urged to review the prospectuses and other information provided by their participating insurance companies and consult their own tax advisors and financial planners regarding the U.S. federal tax consequences of an investment in a Fund, the application of state, local, or foreign laws, and the effect of any possible changes in applicable tax laws on an investment in the Funds.

Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company

It is intended that each Fund qualify as a “regulated investment company” under Subchapter M of Subtitle A, Chapter 1 of the Code. Each Fund will be treated as a separate entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Thus, the provisions of the Code applicable to regulated investment companies generally will apply separately to each Fund, even though each Fund is a series of the Trust. Furthermore, each Fund will separately determine its income, gains, losses, and expenses for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, each Fund must, among other things, derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year generally from (i) dividends, interest, certain payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income attributable to its business of investing in such stock, securities or foreign currencies (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) and (ii) net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership, as defined below. In general, for purposes of this 90% gross income requirement, income derived from a partnership (other than a qualified publicly traded partnership) will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized directly by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (very generally, defined as a partnership (x) the interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, (y) that derives at least 90% of its income from the passive income sources defined in Code

 

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Section 7704(d), and (z) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in clause (i) above) will be treated as qualifying income. Certain of a Fund’s investments in master limited partnerships (MLPs) may qualify as interests in qualified publicly traded partnerships. In addition, although in general the passive loss rules do not apply to a regulated investment company, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership.

Each Fund must also diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year: (i) at least 50% of the fair market value of its total assets consists of (A) cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. Government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and (B) securities of any one issuer (other than those described in clause (A)) to the extent such securities do not exceed 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and are not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets consists of the securities of any one issuer (other than those described in clause (i)(A)), the securities (other than the securities of other regulated investment companies) of two or more issuers the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships. In addition, for purposes of meeting this diversification requirement, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” includes the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership and in the case of a Fund’s investments in loan participations, the Fund shall treat both the financial intermediary and the issuer of the underlying loan as an issuer. The qualifying income and diversification requirements described above may limit the extent to which a Fund can engage in certain derivatives transactions, including, but not limited to, options, futures contracts, forward contracts and swap agreements, as well as the extent to which it can invest in MLPs.

In addition, each Fund generally must distribute to its shareholders at least 90% of its investment company taxable income for the taxable year, which generally includes its ordinary income and the excess of any net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss, and at least 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income (if any) for the taxable year.

If a Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment, it generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any of the investment company taxable income and net capital gain (i.e., the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) it distributes to its shareholders. Each Fund generally intends to distribute at least annually substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction) and substantially all of its net capital gain. However, no assurance can be given that a Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation. Any investment company taxable income or net capital gain retained by the Fund will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates.

In determining its net capital gain, a regulated investment company generally must treat any net capital loss or any net long-term capital loss incurred after October 31 of a given year as if it had been incurred in the succeeding year. Treasury Regulations permit a regulated investment company, in determining its taxable income, to elect to treat all or part of any net capital loss, any net long-term capital loss or any foreign currency loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the succeeding year.

In order to comply with the distribution requirements described above applicable to regulated investment companies, a Fund generally must make the distributions in the same taxable year that it realizes the income and gain, although in certain circumstances, a Fund may make the distributions in the following taxable year in respect of income and gains from the prior taxable year. If a Fund declares a distribution to shareholders of record in October, November or December of one calendar year and pays the distribution by January 31 of the following calendar year, the Fund and its shareholders will be treated as if the Fund paid the distribution by December 31 of the earlier year.

If, for any taxable year, a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company that is accorded special treatment under the Code, (i) it will be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation without any

 

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deduction for its distributions to shareholders, and (ii) each insurance company separate account invested in the Fund would fail to satisfy the diversification requirements described below (under Taxation of a Separate Account of a Participating Insurance Company), with the result that the variable annuity contracts and variable life insurance policies supported by that account would no longer be eligible for tax deferral. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest and make substantial distributions before requalifying as a regulated investment company.

Excise Tax

Amounts not distributed on a timely basis by regulated investment companies in accordance with a calendar year distribution requirement are subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax at the Fund level. This excise tax, however, is inapplicable to any regulated investment company whose sole shareholders are either tax-exempt pension trusts or separate accounts of insurance companies funding variable contracts. Each Fund expects not to be subject to the excise tax pursuant to this provision.

Capital Loss Carryforwards

Subject to certain limitations, a Fund is permitted to carry forward a net capital loss from any year to offset its capital gains, if any, realized during the eight years following the year of the loss. A Fund’s capital loss carryforward is treated as a short-term capital loss in the year to which it is carried. If future capital gains are offset by carried forward capital losses, such future capital gains are not subject to fund-level U.S. federal income taxation, regardless of whether they are distributed to shareholders. Accordingly, the Funds do not expect to distribute any such offsetting capital gains. The Funds cannot carry back or carry forward any net operating losses.

Equalization Accounting

Each Fund may use the so-called “equalization method” of accounting to allocate a portion of its “accumulated earnings and profits,” which generally equals a Fund’s undistributed net investment income and realized capital gains, with certain adjustments, to redemption proceeds. This method permits a Fund to achieve more balanced distributions for both continuing and redeeming shareholders. Although using this method generally will not affect a Fund’s total returns, it may reduce the amount of income and gains that the Fund would otherwise distribute to continuing shareholders by reducing the effect of redemptions of Fund shares on Fund distributions to shareholders. The IRS has not sanctioned the particular equalization method used by the Funds, and thus a Fund’s use of this method may be subject to IRS scrutiny.

Taxation of Fund Investments

In general, realized gains or losses on the sale of securities held by a Fund will be treated as capital gains or losses, and long-term capital gains or losses if the Fund has held or is deemed to have held the securities for more than one year at the time of disposition.

If a Fund purchases a debt obligation with original issue discount (OID) (generally a debt obligation with an issue price less than its stated principal amount, such as a zero-coupon bond), the Fund may be required to annually include in its income a portion of the OID as ordinary income, even though the Fund will not receive cash payments for such discount until maturity or disposition of the obligation. Inflation-protected bonds generally can be expected to produce OID income as their principal amounts are adjusted upward for inflation. A Fund generally will be required to make distributions to shareholders representing the OID or market discount (if an election is made by the Fund to accrue market discount over the holding period of the applicable debt obligation) on debt securities that is currently includible in income, even though the cash representing such income may not have been received by the Fund. Cash to pay such distributions may be obtained from borrowing or from sales proceeds of securities held by a Fund which the Fund otherwise might have continued to hold; obtaining such cash might be disadvantageous for the Fund.

 

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In addition, payment-in-kind securities similarly will give rise to income which is required to be distributed and is taxable even though a Fund receives no cash interest payment on the security during the year. A portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high-yield discount obligations (such as high-yield corporate debt securities) may not (and interest paid on debt obligations owned by a Fund that are considered for tax purposes to be payable in the equity of the issuer or a related party will not) be deductible to the issuer, possibly affecting the cash flow of the issuer.

If a Fund invests in debt obligations that are in the lowest rating categories or are unrated, including debt obligations of issuers not currently paying interest or who are in default, special tax issues may exist for the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as whether a Fund should recognize market discount on a debt obligation and, if so, the amount of market discount the Fund should recognize, when a Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income. These and other related issues will be addressed by a Fund when, as and if it invests in such securities, to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its status as a regulated investment company and does not become subject to U.S. federal income tax.

If an option granted by a Fund is sold, lapses or is otherwise terminated through a closing transaction, such as a repurchase by the Fund of the option from its holder, the Fund generally will realize a short-term capital gain or loss, depending on whether the premium income is greater or less than the amount paid by the Fund in the closing transaction. Some capital losses realized by a Fund in the sale, exchange, exercise or other disposition of an option may be deferred if they result from a position that is part of a “straddle,” discussed below. If securities are sold by a Fund pursuant to the exercise of a covered call option granted by it, the Fund generally will add the premium received to the sale price of the securities delivered in determining the amount of gain or loss on the sale. If securities are purchased by a Fund pursuant to the exercise of a put option written by it, the Fund generally will subtract the premium received from its cost basis in the securities purchased.

Some regulated futures contracts, foreign currency contracts, and non-equity, listed options that may be used by a Fund will be deemed “Section 1256 contracts.” A Fund will be required to “mark to market” any such contracts held at the end of the taxable year by treating them as if they had been sold on the last day of that year at market value. Sixty percent of any net gain or loss realized on all dispositions of Section 1256 contracts, including deemed dispositions under the “mark-to-market” rule, generally will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and the remaining 40% will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, although certain foreign currency gains and losses from such contracts may be treated as ordinary income or loss as described below. These provisions may require a Fund to recognize income or gains without a concurrent receipt of cash. Transactions that qualify as designated hedges are exempt from the mark-to-market rule and the “60%/40%” rule and may require the Fund to defer the recognition of losses on certain futures contracts, foreign currency contracts, and non-equity options.

Foreign exchange gains and losses realized by a Fund in connection with certain transactions involving foreign currency-denominated debt securities, certain options, futures contracts, forward contracts and similar instruments relating to foreign currency, foreign currencies, or payables or receivables denominated in a foreign currency are subject to Section 988 of the Code, which generally causes such gains and losses to be treated as ordinary income or loss and may affect the amount and timing of recognition of the Fund’s income. Under future U.S. Treasury Regulations, any such transactions that are not directly related to a Fund’s investments in stock or securities (or its options contracts or futures contracts with respect to stock or securities) may have to be limited in order to enable the Fund to satisfy the 90% qualifying income test described above. If the net foreign exchange loss exceeds a Fund’s net investment company taxable income (computed without regard to such loss) for a taxable year, the resulting ordinary loss for such year will not be available as a carryforward and thus cannot be deducted by the Fund or its shareholders in future years.

Offsetting positions held by a Fund involving certain derivative instruments, such as forwards, futures and options contracts, may be considered, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, to constitute “straddles.” “Straddles”

 

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are defined to include “offsetting positions” in actively traded personal property. The tax treatment of “straddles” is governed by Section 1092 of the Code which, in certain circumstances, overrides or modifies the provisions of Section 1256. If a Fund is treated as entering into a “straddle” and at least one (but not all) of the Fund’s positions in derivative contracts comprising a part of such straddle is governed by Section 1256 of the Code, described above, then such straddle could be characterized as a “mixed straddle.” A Fund may make one or more elections with respect to “mixed straddles.” Depending upon which election is made, if any, the results with respect to a Fund may differ. Generally, to the extent the straddle rules apply to positions established by a Fund, losses realized by the Fund may be deferred to the extent of unrealized gain in any offsetting positions. Furthermore, the Fund may be required to capitalize, rather than deduct currently, any interest expense and carrying charges applicable to a position that is part of a straddle, including any interest on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or carry any positions that are part of a straddle. The application of the straddle rules to certain offsetting Fund positions can therefore affect the amount, timing, and character of distributions to shareholders, and may result in significant differences from the amount, timing and character of distributions that would have been made by the Fund if it had not entered into offsetting positions in respect of certain of its portfolio securities.

If a Fund enters into a “constructive sale” of any appreciated financial position in stock, a partnership interest, or certain debt instruments, the Fund will be treated as if it had sold and immediately repurchased the property and must recognize gain (but not loss) with respect to that position. A constructive sale of an appreciated financial position occurs when a Fund enters into certain offsetting transactions with respect to the same or substantially identical property, including, but not limited to: (i) a short sale; (ii) an offsetting notional principal contract; (iii) a futures or forward contract; or (iv) other transactions identified in future Treasury Regulations. The character of the gain from constructive sales will depend upon a Fund’s holding period in the appreciated financial position. Losses realized from a sale of a position that was previously the subject of a constructive sale will be recognized when the position is subsequently disposed of. The character of such losses will depend upon a Fund’s holding period in the position beginning with the date the constructive sale was deemed to have occurred and the application of various loss deferral provisions in the Code. Constructive sale treatment does not apply to certain closed transactions, including if such a transaction is closed on or before the 30th day after the close of the Fund’s taxable year and the Fund holds the appreciated financial position unhedged throughout the 60-day period beginning with the day such transaction was closed.

The amount of long-term capital gain a Fund may recognize from certain derivative transactions with respect to interests in certain pass-through entities is limited under the Code’s constructive ownership rules. The amount of long-term capital gain is limited to the amount of such gain the Fund would have had if the Fund directly invested in the pass-through entity during the term of the derivative contract. Any gain in excess of this amount is treated as ordinary income. An interest charge is imposed on the amount of gain that is treated as ordinary income.

In addition, a Fund’s transactions in securities and certain types of derivatives (e.g., options, futures contracts, forward contracts and swap agreements) may be subject to other special tax rules, such as the wash-sale rules or the short-sale rules, the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund or defer losses to the Fund. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders.

Certain of a Fund’s hedging activities (including its transactions, if any, in foreign currencies or foreign currency-denominated instruments) are likely to produce a difference between its book income and its taxable income. If a Fund’s book income is less than the sum of its taxable income and net-exempt income (if any), the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.

Rules governing the U.S. federal income tax aspects of derivatives, including swap agreements, are in a developing stage and are not entirely clear in certain respects. Accordingly, while each Fund intends to account for such transactions in a manner it deems to be appropriate, an adverse determination or future guidance by the

 

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IRS with respect to these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether a Fund has made sufficient distributions, and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company and avoid fund-level tax. Certain requirements that must be met under the Code in order for a Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company may limit the extent to which a Fund will be able to engage in certain derivatives transactions.

Any investment by a Fund in REIT equity securities may result in the Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings. Investments in REIT equity securities also may require a Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold.

A Fund may invest directly or indirectly in residual interests in REMICs or equity interests in taxable mortgage pools (TMPs). Under an IRS notice, and Treasury Regulations that have yet to be issued but may apply retroactively, a portion of a Fund’s income (including income allocated to the Fund from a pass-through entity) that is attributable to a residual interest in a REMIC or an equity interest in a TMP (referred to in the Code as an “excess inclusion”) will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in all events. This notice also provides, and the regulations are expected to provide, that excess inclusion income of a regulated investment company, such as a Fund, will be allocated to shareholders of the regulated investment company in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related interest directly. As a result, a participating insurance company separate account supporting a variable contract may be taxed currently to the extent of its share of the Fund’s excess inclusion income.

In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or certain other tax-exempt entities) subject to tax on UBTI, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income, and otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income, (iii) in the case of a foreign shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax, and (iv) in the case of a participating insurance company separate account supporting a variable contract, cannot be offset by an adjustment to the reserves and thus is currently taxed notwithstanding the more general tax deferral available to insurance company separate accounts funding variable contracts.

Some amounts received by a Fund from its investments in MLPs will likely be treated as returns of capital because of accelerated deductions available with respect to the activities of MLPs. On the disposition of an investment in such an MLP, the Fund will likely realize taxable income in excess of economic gain from that asset (or if a Fund does not dispose of the MLP, the Fund will likely realize taxable income in excess of cash flow received by the Fund from the MLP in a later period), and the Fund must take such income into account in determining whether the Fund has satisfied its regulated investment company distribution requirements. The Fund may have to borrow or liquidate securities to satisfy its distribution requirements and meet its redemption requests, even though investment considerations might otherwise make it undesirable for the Fund to borrow money or sell securities at the time. In addition, distributions attributable to gain from the sale of MLPs could be characterized as ordinary income under the Code’s recapture provisions.

“Passive foreign investment companies” (PFICs) are generally defined as foreign corporations where at least 75% of their gross income for their taxable year is income from passive sources (such as interest, dividends, certain rents and royalties, or certain capital gains) or at least 50% of their assets on average produce such passive income. If a Fund acquires any equity interest in a PFIC, the Fund could be subject to U.S. federal income tax and interest charges on “excess distributions” received from the PFIC or on gain from the sale of such equity interest in the PFIC, even if all income or gain actually received by the Fund is timely distributed to its shareholders. Excess distributions and gain from the sale of interests in PFICs may be characterized as ordinary income even though, absent the application of PFIC rules, these amounts may otherwise have been classified as capital gain.

 

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A Fund will not be permitted to pass through to its shareholders any credit or deduction for these special taxes and interest charges incurred with respect to a PFIC. Elections may be available that would ameliorate these adverse tax consequences, but such elections would require a Fund to include its share of the PFIC’s income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives any distribution from the PFIC (in the case of a “QEF election”), or to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in its interests in the PFIC “to the market” as though the Fund had sold and repurchased such interests on the last day of the Fund’s taxable year, treating such gains and losses as ordinary income and loss (in the case of a “mark-to-market election”). The QEF and mark-to-market elections may require a Fund to recognize taxable income or gain without the concurrent receipt of cash and increase the amount required to be distributed by the Fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require a Fund to liquidate other investments prematurely to meet the minimum distribution requirements described above, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and adversely affect the Fund’s total return. Each Fund may attempt to limit and/or manage its holdings in PFICs to minimize tax liability and/or maximize returns from these investments but there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so. Moreover, because it is not always possible to identify a foreign corporation as a PFIC in advance of acquiring shares in the corporation, a Fund may incur the tax and interest charges described above in some instances.

In addition to the investments described above, prospective shareholders should be aware that other investments made by a Fund may involve complex tax rules that may result in income or gain recognition by the Fund without corresponding current cash receipts. Although each Fund seeks to avoid significant noncash income, such noncash income could be recognized by a Fund, in which case the Fund may distribute cash derived from other sources in order to meet the minimum distribution requirements described above. In this regard, a Fund could be required at times to liquidate investments prematurely in order to satisfy its minimum distribution requirements, which may accelerate the recognition of gain and adversely affect the Fund’s total return. Furthermore, amounts realized by a Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, thereby reducing the amount available for distribution to shareholders.

Taxation of a Separate Account of a Participating Insurance Company

Under the Code, if the investments of a segregated asset account, such as the separate accounts of participating insurance companies, are “adequately diversified,” and certain other requirements are met, a holder of a variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy supported by the account will receive favorable tax treatment in the form of deferral of tax until a distribution is made under the contract or policy.

In general, the investments of a segregated asset account are considered to be “adequately diversified” only if: (i) no more than 55% of the value of the total assets of the account is represented by any one investment; (ii) no more than 70% of the value of the total assets of the account is represented by any two investments; (iii) no more than 80% of the value of the total assets of the account is represented by any three investments; and (iv) no more than 90% of the value of the total assets of the account is represented by any four investments. Section 817(h) provides as a safe harbor that a segregated asset account is also considered to be “adequately diversified” if it meets the regulated investment company diversification tests described earlier and no more than 55% of the value of the total assets of the account is attributable to cash, cash items (including receivables), U.S. Government securities, and securities of other regulated investment companies.

In general, all securities of the same issuer are treated as a single investment for such purposes, and each U.S. Government agency and instrumentality is considered a separate issuer. However, U.S. Treasury Regulations provide a “look-through rule” with respect to a segregated asset account’s investments in a regulated investment company for purposes of the applicable diversification requirements, provided certain conditions are satisfied by the regulated investment company. In particular, (i) if the beneficial interests in the regulated investment company are held by one or more segregated asset accounts of one or more insurance companies, and (ii) if public access to such regulated investment company is available exclusively through the purchase of a

 

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variable annuity contract or variable life insurance policy or through certain retirement plans, then a segregated asset account’s beneficial interest in the regulated investment company is not treated as a single investment. Instead, a pro rata portion of each asset of the regulated investment company is treated as an asset of the segregated asset account. Look-through treatment is also available if the two requirements above are met and notwithstanding the fact that beneficial interests in the regulated investment company are also held by certain other permitted investors, including certain pension or retirement plans, certain qualified tuition programs, or certain Puerto Rican segregated asset accounts.

As indicated above, the Trust intends that each Fund will continue to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code. The Trust also intends to cause each Fund to continue to satisfy the separate diversification requirements imposed by Section 817(h) of the Code and the regulations thereunder at all times to enable the corresponding separate accounts to be “adequately diversified.” In addition, the Trust intends that each Fund will qualify for the “look-through rule” described above by limiting the investment in each Fund’s shares to insurance company separate accounts and other permitted investors. Accordingly, the Trust intends that each participating insurance company, through its separate accounts, will be able to treat its interests in a Fund as ownership of a pro rata portion of each asset of the Fund, so that individual holders of the variable annuity contracts or variable life insurance policies underlying the separate account will qualify for favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment under the Code. However, no assurance can be made in that regard.

Failure by a Fund to satisfy the Section 817(h) requirements by failing to comply with the “55%-70%-80%-90%” diversification test or the safe harbor described above, or by failing to comply with the “look-through rule”, could cause the variable contracts to lose their favorable tax status and require a contract holder to include currently in ordinary income any income accrued under the contracts for the current and all prior taxable years. Under certain circumstances described in the applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations, inadvertent failure to satisfy the Section 817(h) diversification requirements may be corrected; such a correction would require a payment to the IRS. Any such failure could also result in adverse tax consequences for the insurance company issuing the contracts.

The IRS has indicated that a degree of investor control over the investment options underlying a variable annuity or life insurance contract may interfere with the tax-deferred treatment of such contracts. The Treasury Department has issued rulings addressing the circumstances in which a variable contract holder’s control of the investments of the separate account may cause the holder, rather than the insurance company, to be treated as the owner of the assets held by the separate account , and is likely to issue additional rulings in the future. If the holder is considered the owner of the securities underlying the separate account, income and gains produced by those securities would be included currently in the holder’s gross income.

In determining whether an impermissible level of investor control is present, one factor the IRS considers is whether a Fund’s investment strategies are sufficiently broad to prevent a contract holder from being deemed to be making particular investment decisions through its investment in the separate account. For this purpose, current IRS guidance indicates that typical fund investment strategies, even those with a specific sector or geographical focus, are generally considered sufficiently broad. Most, although not necessarily all, of the Funds have objectives and strategies that are not materially narrower than the investment strategies held not to constitute an impermissible level of investor control in recent IRS rulings (such as large company stocks, international stocks, small company stocks, mortgage-backed securities, money market securities, telecommunications stocks and financial services stocks).

The above discussion addresses only one of several factors that the IRS considers in determining whether a contract holder has an impermissible level of investor control over a separate account. Contract holders should consult with their insurance companies, their tax advisers, as well as the prospectus relating to their particular contract for more information concerning this investor control issue.

In the event that additional rules, regulations or other guidance is issued by the IRS or the Treasury Department concerning this issue, such guidance could affect the treatment of a Fund as described above,

 

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including retroactively. In addition, there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to continue to operate as currently described, or that the Fund will not have to change its investment objective or investment policies in order to prevent, on a prospective basis, any such rules and regulations from causing variable contract owners to be considered the owners of the shares of the Fund.

Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations

Under Treasury Regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, such as an insurance company holding the separate accounts to which reference is made in this SAI, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company, such as participating insurance companies that own shares in a Fund through their separate accounts, are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all regulated investment companies. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

For information concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences to the holders of variable annuity contracts or variable life insurance policies, such holders should consult the prospectuses and other materials used in connection with the issuance of their particular contracts or policies and should consult their own tax advisers and financial planners.

 

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CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

As of March 31, 2010, the name, address and percentage of ownership of each person who may be deemed to be a “principal holder “(i.e., owns of record or is known by the Trust to own beneficially 5% or more of any class of a Fund’s outstanding shares) is listed below.

Principal Holder Ownership of the Funds

 

Fund/Share Class

  

Shareholder Account Registration

   Share Balance      Percentage of
Class
 

Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series Class A

  

HARTFORD LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

SEPARATE ACCOUNT TWO

ATTN DAVID TEN BROECK

P O BOX 2999

HARTFORD, CT 06104-2999

     2,600,686.5020         44.85

Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

VARIABLE SEPARATE ACCOUNT OF

ANCHOR NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE CO

PO BOX 54299

LOS ANGELES, CA 90054-0299

     2,372,296.5030         40.91

Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

TRANSAMERICA LIFE INSURANCE CO RIB III

4333 EDGEWOOD RD NE

ATTN FMD ACCOUNTING

CEDAR RAPIDS, IA 52499-0001

     336,960.8320         5.81

Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

AMERICAN EXPRESS —

MANAGED ASSETS TRUST:

IDS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

1497 AXP FINANCIAL CTR

MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55474-0014

     9,722,627.5710         74.27

Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

AMERICAN EXPRESS —

MANAGED ASSETS TRUST:

AMERICAN ENTERPRISE LIFE INS

1497 AXP FINANCIAL CENTER

MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55474-0014

     1,712,093.5570         13.08

Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA (U.S.)

C/O SUN LIFE FINANCIAL

PO BOX 9133

WELLESLEY HILLS, MA 02481-9133

     768,281.8820         5.87

Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

HARTFORD LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

SEPARATE ACCOUNT TWO

ATTN DAVID TEN BROECK

P O BOX 2999

HARTFORD, CT 06104-2999

     867,474.1860         73.97

Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

VARIABLE SEPARATE ACCOUNT OF

ANCHOR NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE CO

PO BOX 54299

LOS ANGELES, CA 90054-0299

     152,788.1960         13.03

 

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Fund/Share Class

  

Shareholder Account Registration

   Share Balance      Percentage of
Class
 

Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

TRANSAMERICA LIFE INSURANCE CO

RIB III

4333 EDGEWOOD RD, NE

ATTN FMD ACCOUNTING MS 4410

CEDAR RAPIDS, IA 52499-0001

     136,919.0910         11.68

Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA (U.S.)

1 SUNLIFE EXECUTIVE PK

WELLESLEY HILLS, MA 02481

     12,479,901.7190         94.14

Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

SUN LIFE INSURANCE AND ANNUITY CO OF NEW YORK

1 SUNLIFE EXECUTIVE PK

WELLESLEY HILLS, MA 02481

     688,781.2040         5.20

Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

VARIABLE SEPARATE ACCOUNT OF

ANCHOR NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE CO

PO BOX 54299

LOS ANGELES, CA 90054-0299

     2,922,542.6530         47.13

Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

HARTFORD LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

SEPARATE ACCOUNT TWO

ATTN DAVID TEN BROECK

P O BOX 2999

HARTFORD, CT 06104-2999

     2,883,101.4410         46.49

Columbia Marsico Focused Equities Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

FIM FUNDING INC

100 FEDERAL ST

BOSTON, MA 02110-1802

     645,8910         100.00

Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

AMERICAN EXPRESS —

MANAGED ASSETS TRUST:

IDS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

222 AXP FINANCIAL CENTER

MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55474-0001

     1,780,541.2380         78.16

Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

RIVERSOURCE LIFE INSURANCE CO

OF NEW YORK

222 AXP FINANCIAL CENTER

MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55474-0002

     16,617,156.2050         12.76

Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

AMERICAN EXPRESS —

MANAGED ASSETS TRUST:

IDS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

222 AXP FINANCIAL CENTER

MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55474-0001

     6,722,090.0750         5.16

Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA (U.S.)

1 SUNLIFE EXECUTIVE PK

WELLESLEY HILLS, MA 02481

     1,343,527.5830         92.29

 

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Fund/Share Class

  

Shareholder Account Registration

   Share Balance      Percentage of
Class
 

Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA (U.S.)

1 SUNLIFE EXECUTIVE PK

WELLESLEY HILLS, MA 02481

     102,936.1480         7.07

Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

GE LIFE & ANNUITY ASSURANCE CO

ATTN VARIABLE ACCOUNTING

6610 W BROAD ST BLDG 3 5TH FL

RICHMOND, VA 23230-1702

     5,469,735.0800         34.29

Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

AMERICAN EXPRESS —

MANAGED ASSETS TRUST:

IDS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

222 AXP FINANCIAL CENTER MINNEAPOLIS,
MN 55474-0001

     5,447,216.7720         34.15

Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

HARTFORD LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

SEPARATE ACCOUNT TWO

ATTN DAVID TEN BROECK

P O BOX 2999

HARTFORD, CT 06104-2999

     2,318,572.0810         14.53

Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA (U.S.)

1 SUNLIFE EXECUTIVE PK

WELLESLEY HILLS, MA 02481

     969,613.9830         6.08

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

HARTFORD LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

SEPARATE ACCOUNT TWO

ATTN DAVID TEN BROECK

P O BOX 2999

HARTFORD, CT 06104-2999

     4,268,275.8170         88.14

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series — Class A

  

TRANSAMERICA LIFE INSURANCE CO

RIB III

4333 EDGEWOOD RD NE

ATTN FMD ACCOUNTING MS 4410 CEDAR RAPIDS, IA 52499-0001

     276,920.5670         5.72

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series — Class B

  

FIM FUNDING INC

100 FEDERAL ST

BOSTON, MA 02110-1802

     1,697,1570         100.00

 

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As of March 31, 2010, the name, address and percentage of ownership of each person who may be deemed to be a “control person” (as that term is defined in the 1940 Act) of a Fund because it owns greater than 25% of the outstanding shares, either beneficially or by virtue of its fiduciary or trust roles or otherwise, is shown below. A controlling person’s vote could have a more significant effect on matters presented to shareholders for approval than the vote of other Fund shareholders.

Control Person Ownership of the Funds

 

Fund/Share Class

  

Shareholder Account Registration

   Share Balance      Percentage of
Class
 

Columbia High Yield Fund, Variable Series

  

AMERICAN EXPRESS-MANAGED ASSETS TRUST: IDS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

222 AXP FINANCIAL CENTER

MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55474-0001

     9,722,627.5710         51.47

Columbia Marsico 21st Century Fund, Variable Series

  

SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA

1 SUNLIFE EXECUTIVE PK

WELLESLEY HILLS, MA 02481

     12,479,901.7190         86.49

Columbia Marsico Focused Equities, Variable Series

  

VARIABLE SEPARATE ACCOUNT OF ANCHOR NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE CO

PO BOX 54299

LOS ANGELES, CA 90054-0299

     2,922,542.6530         47.12

Columbia Marsico Focused Equities, Variable Series

  

HARTFORD LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY SEPARATE ACCOUNT TWO

ATTN DAVID TEN BROECK

PO BOX 2999

HARTFORD, CT 06104-2999

     2,883,101.4410         46.48

Columbia Marsico Growth Fund, Variable Series

  

RIVERSOURCE LIFE INSURANCE CO OF NEW YORK

222 AXP FINANCIAL CENTER

MINNEAPOLIS, MN

     18,397,697.4430         89.92

Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series

  

GE LIFE & ANNUITY ASSURANCE CO

ATTN VARIABLE ACCOUNTING

6610 W BROAD ST BLDG 3 5TH FL

RICHMOND VA 23230-1702

     5,469,735.0800         34.29

Columbia Marsico International Opportunities Fund, Variable Series

  

AMERICAN EXPRESS-MANAGED ASSETS TRUST:

IDS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

222 AXP FINANCIAL CENTER

MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55474-0001

     5,447,216.7720         34.15

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

  

HARTFORD LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY SEPARATE ACCOUNT TWO

ATTN DAVID TEN BROECK

PO BOX 2999

HARTFORD, CT 06104-2999

     4,268,275.8170         88.11

 

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APPENDIX A — DESCRIPTIONS OF SECURITIES RATINGS

This Appendix summarizes the various descriptions of securities ratings applicable to securities purchased by the Columbia Funds Family. Please refer to a Fund’s prospectus and statement of additional information to determine whether that Fund may invest in securities that have ratings described in this Appendix.

STANDARD & POOR’S (S&P)

Bonds

The following summarizes the ratings used by S&P for bonds. The ratings AAA, AA, A and BBB denote investment grade securities.

AAA bonds have the highest rating assigned by S&P and are considered to have an extremely strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal.

AA bonds are considered to have a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal, and they differ from AAA only in small degree.

A bonds are considered to have a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal, although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in higher rated categories.

BBB bonds are considered to have an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Whereas they normally exhibit adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal than for bonds in the A category.

BB, B, CCC, CC and C bonds are considered to have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and C the highest degree. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or large exposures to adverse conditions.

BB bonds are considered to have less near-term vulnerability to default than other speculative issues. However, they face major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal payments. The BB rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BBB- rating.

B bonds are considered to have a greater vulnerability to default but currently have the capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal. The B rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BB or BB — rating.

CCC bonds are considered to have a currently identifiable vulnerability to default, and are dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet timely payment of interest and repayment of principal. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the bonds are not likely to have the capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The CCC rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied B or B — rating.

CC rating typically is applied to debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied CCC rating.

C rating typically is applied to debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied CCC — debt rating. The C rating may be used to cover a situation, for example, where a bankruptcy petition has been filed, but debt service payments are continued.

 

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CI rating is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is being paid.

D bonds are in payment default. The D rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition if debt service payments are jeopardized.

Plus (+) or minus (-): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

Municipal Notes

SP-1. Notes rated SP-1 are considered to have very strong or strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety characteristics are designated as SP-1+.

SP-2. Notes rated SP-2 are considered to have satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest.

Notes due in three years or less normally receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years normally receive a bond rating, although the following criteria are used in making that assessment:

Amortization schedule (the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely the issue will be rated as a note).

Source of payment (the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be rated as a note).

Commercial Paper

A. Issues assigned this highest rating are regarded as having the greatest capacity for timely payment. Issues in this category are further refined with the designations 1, 2, and 3 to indicate the relative degree of safety.

A-1. Issues assigned to this rating are considered to have overwhelming or very strong capacity for timely payment. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety characteristics are designed A-1+.

MOODY’S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. (MOODY’S)

Municipal Bonds

Aaa bonds are considered to be of the best quality. They are considered to have the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as ‘‘gilt edge’’. Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair a fundamentally strong position of such issues.

Aa bonds are considered to be of high quality by all standards. Together with Aaa bonds they comprise what are generally known as high-grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities. Those bonds in the Aa through B groups that Moody’s believes possess the strongest investment attributes are designated by the symbols Aa1, A1 or Baa1.

A bonds are considered to possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered to be upper-medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present that suggest a susceptibility to impairment at some time in the future.

 

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Baa bonds are considered to be medium grade obligations: they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great period of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and, in fact, have speculative characteristics as well.

Ba bonds are considered to have speculative elements: their future cannot be considered as well secured. Often, the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times in the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this grade.

B bonds are considered generally to lack characteristics of a desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

Caa bonds are considered to be of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

Ca bonds are considered to represent obligations that are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

C bonds are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated are considered to have extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

Conditional Ratings. Bonds for which the security depends upon the completion of some act or the fulfillment of some condition are rated conditionally. These are bonds secured by (a) earnings of projects under construction, (b) earnings of projects unseasoned in operating experience, (c) rentals which begin when facilities are completed, or (d) payments to which some other limiting conditions attach. Parenthetical rating denotes probable credit stature upon completion of construction or elimination of basis of condition.

Corporate Bonds

The description of the applicable rating symbols (Aaa, Aa, A, Baa, etc.) and their meanings is identical to that of the Municipal Bond ratings as set forth above, except for the numerical modifiers. Moody’s applies numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 in the Aa and A classifications of its corporate bond rating system. The modifier 1 indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a midrange ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates that the issuer ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.

Municipal Notes

MIG 1. This designation denotes best quality. There is present strong protection by established cash flows, superior liquidity support or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

MIG 2. This designation denotes high quality. Margins of protection are ample although not so large as in the preceding group.

MIG 3. This designation denotes favorable quality. All security elements are accounted for, but there is lacking the undeniable strength of the preceding grades. Liquidity and cash flow protection may be narrow and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well established.

Commercial Paper

Moody’s employs the following three designations, all judged to be investment grade, to indicate the relative repayment capacity of rated issuers:

Prime-1 Highest Quality

 

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Prime-2 Higher Quality

Prime-3 High Quality

If an issuer represents to Moody’s that its commercial paper obligations are supported by the credit of another entity or entities, Moody’s, in assigning ratings to such issuers, evaluates the financial strength of the indicated affiliated corporations, commercial banks, insurance companies, foreign governments, or other entities, but only as one factor in the total rating assessment.

FITCH, INC. (FITCH)

Long-Term Debt

Investment Grade Bond Ratings

AAA bonds are considered to be investment grade and of the highest credit quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong ability to pay interest and/or dividends and repay principal, which is unlikely to be affected by reasonably foreseeable events.

AA bonds are considered to be investment grade and of very high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is very strong, although not quite as strong as bonds rated AAA. Because bonds rated in the AAA and AA categories are not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable future developments, short-term debt of these issuers is generally rated F-1+.

A bonds are considered to be investment grade and of high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be strong, but may be more vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances than debt securities with higher ratings.

BBB bonds are considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest or dividends and repay principal is considered to be adequate. Adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances, however, are more likely to have adverse impact on these securities and, therefore, impair timely payment. The likelihood that the ratings of these bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than for securities with higher ratings.

Speculative Grade Bond Ratings

BB bonds are considered speculative. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal may be affected over time by adverse economic changes. However, business and financial alternatives can be identified, which could assist the obligor in satisfying its debt service requirements.

B bonds are considered highly speculative. While securities in this class are currently meeting debt service requirements, the probability of continued timely payment of principal and interest reflects the obligor’s limited margin of safety and the need for reasonable business and economic activity throughout the life of the issue.

CCC bonds are considered to have certain identifiable characteristics that, if not remedied, may lead to default. The ability to meet obligations requires an advantageous business and economic environment.

CC bonds are considered to be minimally protected. Default in payment of interest and/or principal seems probable over time.

C bonds are in imminent default in payment of interest or principal.

 

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DDD, DD, and D bonds are in default on interest and/or principal payments. Such securities are extremely speculative and should be valued on the basis of their ultimate recovery value in liquidation or reorganization of the obligor. DDD represents the highest potential for recovery on these securities and D represents the lowest potential for recovery.

Plus (+) or minus (-): Plus or minus signs are used to show relative standing within the major rating categories. Plus and minus signs, however, are not used in the DDD, DD, or D categories.

Short-Term Debt

Fitch’s short-term ratings apply to debt obligations that are payable on demand or have original maturities of up to three years, including commercial paper, certificates of deposit, medium-term notes, and investment notes.

F-1+ obligations have exceptionally strong credit quality and are considered to have the strongest degree of assurance for timely payment.

F-1 obligations are considered to reflect an assurance of timely payment only slightly less in degree than issues rated F-1+.

F-2 obligations are considered to have good credit quality. Securities in this class have a satisfactory degree of assurance for timely payment, but the margin of safety is not as great as for issues assigned F-1+ and F-1 ratings.

F-3 obligations are considered to have characteristics suggesting that the degree of assurance for timely payment is adequate; however, near-term adverse changes could cause these securities to be rated below investment grade.

F-S rating is assigned to obligations that are considered to have a minimal degree of assurance for timely payment and to be vulnerable to near-term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

B obligations are considered to have a minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments and a susceptibility to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions.

C rating is assigned to obligations that are considered to have a high default risk and whose capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.

D obligations are in actual or imminent payment default.

 

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APPENDIX B — PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

Columbia Management Advisors, LLC (“CMA”) — Proxy Voting Policy

Last Review Date:

March 2009

Applicable Regulatory Authority:

Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940

Form N-PX

ERISA Department of Labor Bulletin 08-2

Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc. (SEC No Action Letter dated September 15, 2004)

Explanation/Summary of Regulatory Requirements

An investment adviser that exercises voting authority over clients’ proxies must adopt written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that those proxies are voted in the best economic interests of clients. An adviser’s policies and procedures must address how the adviser resolves material conflicts of interest between its interests and those of its clients. An investment adviser must comply with certain record keeping and disclosure requirements with respect to its proxy voting responsibilities. In addition, an investment adviser to Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) accounts has an affirmative obligation to vote proxies for an ERISA account, unless the client expressly retains proxy voting authority.

Policy Summary

Columbia Management Advisors, LLC (“CMA”) has adopted and implemented the following policy, which it believes is reasonably designed to: (1) ensure that proxies are voted in the best economic interest of clients; and (2) address material conflicts of interest that may arise. This policy applies primarily to the Global Wealth and Investment Management (“GWIM”) Investment Operations Group, the Investment groups (particularly, Equity and Chief Investment Officer’s Office), as well as to Compliance Risk Management (“CRM”) and Legal. CRM and Business groups to which this policy directly applies must adopt written procedures to implement this Policy.

Policy

All proxies regarding client securities for which CMA has authority to vote will, unless CMA determines in accordance with policies stated below to refrain from voting, be voted in a manner considered by CMA to be in the best interest of CMA’s clients without regard to any resulting benefit or detriment to CMA, its associates, or its affiliates. The best interest of clients is defined for this purpose as the interest of enhancing or protecting the economic value of client accounts, considered as a group rather than individually, as CMA determines in its sole and absolute discretion. In the event a client believes that its other interests require a different vote, CMA will vote as the client clearly instructs, provided CMA receives such instructions in time to act accordingly. Information regarding CMA’s proxy voting decisions is confidential. Therefore, the information may be shared on a need to know basis only, including within CMA and with CMA affiliates. Advisory clients, including mutual funds’ and other funds’ boards, may obtain information on how their proxies were voted by CMA. However, CMA will not selectively disclose its investment company clients’ proxy voting records to third parties. Rather, the investment company clients’ proxy records will be disclosed to shareholders by publicly-available annual filings for 12-month periods ending each year on June 30th on Form N-PX.

CMA endeavors to vote, in accordance with this Policy, all proxies of which it becomes aware prior to the vote deadline date, subject to certain general exceptions described below.

CMA seeks to avoid the occurrence of actual or apparent material conflicts of interest in the proxy voting process by voting in accordance with predetermined voting guidelines and observing other procedures that are

 

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intended to prevent where practicable and manage conflicts of interest (refer to Conflicts of Interest section below). CMA’s proxy voting policy and practices are summarized in its Form ADV. Additionally, CMA will provide clients with a copy of its policies, as they may be updated from time to time, upon request.

Means of Achieving Compliance

The Proxy Group within GWIM Investment Operations is primarily responsible for overseeing the day-to-day operations of the proxy voting process. The Proxy Group’s monitoring will take into account the following elements: (1) periodic review of the proxy vendor’s votes to ensure that the proxy vendor is accurately voting consistent with CMA’s Voting Guidelines; and (2) review of the Columbia Funds’ fund website to ensure that annual proxy voting reports are posted in a timely and accurate manner. CMA has established a Proxy Committee which is responsible for overseeing the proxy voting process.

The specific responsibilities of the Proxy Committee and scope of its oversight are described in the Proxy Committee’s charter.

CMA’S INVESTMENT ASSOCIATES’ RESPONSIBILITIES

Under CMA’s Voting Guidelines, certain matters must be determined on a case-by-case basis. In general, the Proxy Group within GWIM Investment Operations will refer these matters first to the relevant CMA research analyst after first confirming that the proxy matter does not present a potential conflict to CMA. If there is not a research analyst assigned to the particular security, the matter will be referred to the appropriate portfolio manager.

In considering a particular proxy matter, the research analyst or portfolio manager must vote in the clients’ best interest as defined above. Information regarding CMA’s proxy voting decisions is confidential information. Therefore, research analysts and portfolio managers generally must not discuss proxy votes with any person outside of CMA and within CMA except on a need to know basis only.

Research analysts and portfolio managers must discharge their responsibilities consistent with the obligations set forth below (refer to Management of Conflicts of Interest — Additional Procedures). A research analyst or portfolio manager must disclose in writing any inappropriate attempt to influence their recommendation or any other personal interest that they have with the issuer (see Appendix B — Conflicts of Interest Disclosure and Certification Form). For each Proxy Referral (defined below), the research analyst or portfolio manager is responsible for memorializing their recommendation on the Proxy Voting Recommendation Form (see Appendix C) and communicating their recommendation to the Proxy Group.

Research analysts and portfolio managers should seek advice from CRM or Legal with respect to any questions that they have regarding personal conflicts of interests, communications regarding proxies, or other related matters.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

For purposes of this policy, a material conflict of interest is a relationship or activity engaged in by CMA, a CMA affiliate1, or a CMA associate that creates an incentive (or appearance thereof) to favor the interests of

 

 

1

Bank of America Corporation (“BAC”), the ultimate corporate parent of CMA, Bank of America, N.A. and all of their numerous affiliates owns, operates and has interests in many lines of business that may create or give rise to the appearance of a conflict of interest between BAC or its affiliates and those of CMA-advised clients. For example, the commercial and investment banking business lines may have interests with respect to issuers of voting securities that could appear to or even actually conflict with CMA’s duty, in the proxy voting process, to act in the best economic interest of its clients.

 

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CMA, the affiliate, or associate, rather than the clients’ interests. However, a material conflict of interest is not automatically created when there is a relationship or activity engaged in by a CMA affiliate, but there is a possibility that a CMA affiliate could cause a conflict. CMA may have a conflict of interest if either CMA has a significant business relationship with a company that is soliciting a proxy, or if a CMA associate involved in the proxy voting decision-making process has a significant personal or family relationship with the particular company. A conflict of interest is considered to be “material” to the extent that a reasonable person could expect the conflict to influence CMA’s decision on the particular vote at issue. In all cases where there is deemed to be a material conflict of interest, CMA will seek to resolve said conflict in the clients’ best interests.

For those proxy proposals that: (1) are not addressed by CMA’s proxy voting guidelines; (2) the guidelines specify the issue must be evaluated and determined on a case-by-case basis; or (3) a CMA investment associate believes that an exception to the guidelines may be in the best economic interest of CMA’s clients (collectively, “Proxy Referrals”), CMA may vote the proxy, subject to the conflicts of interest procedures set forth below.

In the case of Proxy Referrals, CRM identifies companies with which CMA has a significant business relationships and Proxy Referrals of such companies will be voted consistent with CMA’s conflicts management procedures described below. For Proxy Referrals that do not involve companies with which CMA has a significant business relationship the relevant CMA investment personnel (i.e. research analyst, portfolio manager, members of Proxy Committee) involved in the particular Proxy Referral must report any personal conflict of interest circumstances (e.g., relationships with nominees for directorship, members of an issuer’s or dissident’s management or otherwise, unusual communications with parties outside the investment organization concerning a proxy matter) to Columbia Management’s Conflicts of Interest Officer in writing (see Appendix B). In the event any member of the Proxy Committee has a conflict of interest regarding a given matter, he or she will abstain from participating in the Committee’s determination of whether and/or how to vote in the matter.

If the Proxy Committee, the Chairperson of the Proxy Committee, or the Conflicts Officer determines that a proxy matter presents a material conflict of interest, CMA will invoke one or more of the following conflict management procedures:

 

   

Causing the proxies to be voted in accordance with the recommendations of an independent third party (which generally will be CMA’s proxy voting agent);

 

   

Causing the proxies to be delegated to a qualified, independent third party, which may include CMA’s proxy voting agent; or

 

   

In unusual cases, with the Client’s consent and upon ample notice, forwarding the proxies to CMA’s clients so that they may vote the proxies directly.

Affiliate Investment Companies and Public Companies

CMA considers (1) proxies solicited by open-end and closed-end investment companies for which CMA or an affiliate serves as an investment adviser or principal underwriter; and (2) proxies solicited by Bank of America Corporation (“BAC”) or other public companies within the BAC organization to present a material conflict of interest for CMA. Consequently, the proxies of such affiliates will be voted following one of the conflict management practices discussed above.

Management of Conflicts of Interest — Additional Procedures

In certain circumstances, CMA follows the proxy guidelines and uses other research services provided by the proxy vendor or another independent third party. CMA reviews its proxy vendor’s conflicts of interest procedures as part of its oversight of the proxy vendor’s services.

CMA and other BAC affiliates have adopted various other policies and procedures that help reinforce this Policy. Please see any associated documents.

 

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Ownership Limits — Delegation of Proxy Voting to an Independent Third Party

From time to time, CMA may face regulatory or compliance limits on the types or amounts of voting securities that it may purchase or hold for client accounts. Among other limits, federal, state, foreign regulatory restrictions, or company-specific ownership limits may restrict the total percentage of an issuer’s voting securities that CMA can hold for clients (collectively, “Ownership Limits”).

The regulations or company-specific documents governing a number of these Ownership Limits often focus upon holdings in voting securities. As a result, in limited circumstances in order to comply with such Ownership Limits and/or internal policies designed to comply with such limits, CMA may delegate proxy voting in certain issuers to a qualified, independent third party, who may be CMA’s proxy voting agent.

PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES

A. CMA’s Proxy Voting Guidelines — General Practices.

The Proxy Committee has adopted the guidelines for voting proxies specified in Appendix A of this policy. CMA uses an independent, third-party proxy vendor to implement its proxy voting process as CMA’s proxy voting agent. In general, whenever a vote is solicited, the proxy vendor will execute the vote according to CMA’s Voting Guidelines.

B. Ability to Vote Proxies Other than as Provided by Voting Guidelines.

A Portfolio Manager or other party involved with a client’s account may conclude that the best interest of the firm’s client, as defined above, requires that a proxy be voted in a manner that differs from the predetermined proxy Voting Guidelines. In this situation, he or she will request in writing that the Proxy Committee consider voting the proxy other than according to such Guidelines and provide information as the Proxy Committee may request. The Proxy Committee may consider the matter, subject to the conflicts of interest procedures discussed above.

C. Other Proxy Matters

For the following categories, proxies will be voted as stated below:

1. New Proposals. For certain new proposals that are expected to be proposed to shareholders of multiple companies, the Proxy Committee may develop a Voting Guideline which will be incorporated into this Policy.

2. Accounts Adhering to Taft Hartley Principles. All proposals for accounts adhering to Taft Hartley principles will be voted according to the Taft Hartley Guidelines developed by the proxy vendor.

3. Accounts Adhering to Socially Responsible Principles. All proposals for accounts adhering to socially responsible principles will be voted according to the Socially Responsible Guidelines developed by the proxy vendor or as specified by the client.

4. Proxies of International Issuers. In general, CMA will refrain from voting securities in cases where international issuers impose share blocking restrictions. However, in the exceptional circumstances that CMA determines that it would be appropriate to vote such securities, all proposals for these securities will be voted only on the specific instruction of the Proxy Committee and to the extent practicable in accordance with the Voting Guidelines set forth in this Policy. Additionally, proxies will typically not be voted in markets where powers of attorney are required to be executed in order to vote shares.

5. Proxies of Investment Company Shares. Proposals on issues other than affiliated investment companies (previously described) will be voted on the specific instruction of the Proxy Committee.

 

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6. Proxy Referrals for Passive Index Accounts. Proxy Referrals for a security that is held only within a passive index account managed by CMA’s Quantitative Strategies Group and not in any other account within CMA, shall be voted according to the guidelines developed by the proxy vendor or as specified by the client. However, if a security is held within a passive index account managed by CMA’s Quantitative Strategies Group and within another CMA-managed account (including without limitation an account actively managed by CMA’s Quantitative Strategies Group), all proposals, including Proxy Referrals, will be voted in accordance with the Voting Guidelines, subject to the other provisions of this Policy.

7. Proxy Voting for Securities on Loan. CMA generally votes in cases where shares have been loaned from actively managed Columbia Funds as long as the shares have been recalled in a timely manner. However, CMA generally does not vote shares that have been loaned from passively managed Columbia Index Funds. Other CMA clients may have their own stock loan programs and may or may not recall their shares for proxy voting.

Supervision

Managers and supervisory personnel are responsible for ensuring that their associates understand and follow this policy and any applicable procedures adopted by the business group to implement the policy. The Proxy Committee has ultimate responsibility for the implementation of this Policy.

Escalation

With the exception of conflicts of interest-related matters, issues arising under this policy should be escalated to the Proxy Committee. Issues involving potential or actual conflicts of interest should be promptly communicated to the Columbia Management Conflicts Officer.

Monitoring/Oversight

CRM and/or Corporate Internal Audit Group perform periodic reviews and assessments of various lines of businesses, including a review of Columbia Management’s compliance with the Proxy Voting Policy.

Recordkeeping

CMA will create and maintain records of each investment company’s proxy record for 12-month periods ended June 30th. CMA will compile the following information for each matter relating to a portfolio security considered at any shareholder meeting during the period covered by the annual report and for which CMA was entitled to vote:

 

   

The name of the issuer of the security;

 

   

The exchange ticker symbol of the portfolio security (if symbol is available through reasonably practicable means);

 

   

The Council on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures number for the portfolio security (if number is available through reasonably practicable means);

 

   

The shareholder meeting date;

 

   

A brief identification of the matter voted on;

 

   

Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a security holder;

 

   

Whether the company cast its vote on the matter;

 

   

How the company cast its vote (e.g., for or against proposal, or abstain; for or withhold regarding the election of directors); and

 

   

Whether the company cast its vote for or against management.

 

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Business groups and support partners are responsible for maintaining all records necessary to evidence compliance with this policy. The records must be properly maintained and readily accessible in order to evidence compliance with this policy.

These records include:

 

Document

 

Responsible Party

Proxy Committee Meeting Minutes and Related Materials

 

Proxy Group in GWIM Investment Operations

Proxy Vote Recommendation Form and Supporting Materials of Investment Management Personnel Concerning Proxy Decisions and Recommendations (or any other document created by CMA that was material to making a voting decision or that memorializes the basis for the voting decision)

 

Proxy Group in GWIM Investment Operations

Conflicts of Interest Review Documentation, including Conflicts of Interest Forms

 

Compliance Risk Management

Client Communications Regarding Proxy Matters

 

Client Service Group

Copy of Each Applicable Proxy Statement Unless it has been Filed with the SEC and may be Obtained from the SEC’s EDGAR System

 

Proxy Group in GWIM Investment Operations

Records should be retained for a period of not less than six years plus the current year. Records must be retained in an appropriate office of CM for the first three years.

APPENDIX A — CMA’s Proxy Voting Policy

CMA’S VOTING GUIDELINES

A. The Proxy Committee has adopted the following guidelines for voting proxies:

1. Matters Relating to the Board of Directors/Corporate Governance

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals for the election of directors or for an increase or decrease in the number of directors, provided that no more than one-third of the Board of Directors would, presently or at any time during the previous three-year period, be from management.

However, CMA generally will WITHHOLD votes from pertinent director nominees if:

(i) the board as proposed to be constituted would have more than one-third of its members from management;

(ii) the board does not have audit, nominating, and compensation committees composed solely of directors who qualify as being regarded as “independent,” i.e. having no material relationship, directly or indirectly, with the Company, as CMA’s proxy voting agent may determine (subject to the Proxy Committee’s contrary determination of independence or non-independence);

(iii) the nominee, as a member of the audit committee, permitted the company to incur excessive non-audit fees (as defined below regarding other business matters — ratification of the appointment of auditors);

(iv) a director serves on more than six public company boards;

(v) the CEO serves on more than two public company boards other than the company’s board.

 

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On a CASE-BY-CASE basis, CMA may WITHHOLD votes for a director nominee who has failed to observe good corporate governance practices or, through specific corporate action or inaction (e.g. failing to implement policies for which a majority of shareholders has previously cast votes in favor), has demonstrated a disregard for the interests of shareholders.

 

   

Proposals requesting that the board audit, compensation and/or nominating committee be composed solely of independent directors. The Audit Committee must satisfy the independence and experience requirements established by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the New York Stock Exchange, or appropriate local requirements for foreign securities. At least one member of the Audit Committee must qualify as a “financial expert” in accordance with SEC rules.

 

   

Proposals to declassify a board, absent special circumstances that would indicate that shareholder interests are better served by a classified board structure.

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals to create or eliminate positions or titles for senior management. CMA generally prefers that the role of Chairman of the Board and CEO be held by different persons unless there are compelling reasons to vote AGAINST a proposal to separate these positions, such as the existence of a counter-balancing governance structure that includes at least the following elements in addition to applicable listing standards:

 

   

Established governance standards and guidelines.

 

   

Full board composed of not less than two-thirds “independent” directors, as defined by applicable regulatory and listing standards.

 

   

Compensation, as well as audit and nominating (or corporate governance) committees composed entirely of independent directors.

 

   

A designated or rotating presiding independent director appointed by and from the independent directors with the authority and responsibility to call and preside at regularly and, as necessary, specially scheduled meetings of the independent directors to be conducted, unless the participating independent directors otherwise wish, in executive session with no members of management present.

 

   

Disclosed processes for communicating with any individual director, the presiding independent director (or, alternatively, all of the independent directors, as a group) and the entire board of directors, as a group.

 

   

The pertinent class of the Company’s voting securities has out-performed, on a three-year basis, both an appropriate peer group and benchmark index, as indicated in the performance summary table of the Company’s proxy materials. This requirement shall not apply if there has been a change in the Chairman/CEO position within the three-year period.

 

   

Proposals that grant or restore shareholder ability to remove directors with or without cause.

 

   

Proposals to permit shareholders to elect directors to fill board vacancies.

 

   

Proposals that encourage directors to own a minimum amount of company stock.

 

   

Proposals to provide or to restore shareholder appraisal rights.

 

   

Proposals to adopt cumulative voting.

 

   

Proposals for the company to adopt confidential voting.

CMA will generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for majority voting thresholds for director elections unless the company has adopted formal corporate governance principles that present a meaningful alternative to the majority voting standard and/or provides an adequate response to both new nominees as well as incumbent nominees who fail to receive a majority of votes cast.

 

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CMA generally will vote AGAINST:

 

   

Proposals to classify boards, absent special circumstances indicating that shareholder interests would be better served by a classified board structure.

 

   

Proposals that give management the ability to alter the size of the board without shareholder approval.

 

   

Proposals that provide directors may be removed only by supermajority vote.

 

   

Proposals to eliminate cumulative voting.

 

   

Proposals which allow more than one vote per share in the election of directors.

 

   

Proposals that provide that only continuing directors may elect replacements to fill board vacancies.

 

   

Proposals that mandate a minimum amount of company stock that directors must own.

 

   

Proposals to limit the tenure of non-management directors.

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis in contested elections of directors.

CMA generally will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on board approved proposals relating to corporate governance. Such proposals include, but are not limited to:

 

   

Reimbursement of proxy solicitation expenses taking into consideration whether or not CMA was in favor of the dissidents.

 

   

Proxy contest advance notice. CMA generally will vote FOR proposals that allow shareholders to submit proposals as close to the meeting date as possible while allowing for sufficient time for Company response, SEC review, and analysis by other shareholders.

 

   

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis to indemnify directors and officers, and AGAINST proposals to indemnify external auditors.

 

   

CMA will vote FOR the indemnification of internal auditors, unless the costs associated with the approval are not disclosed.

2. Compensation

CMA generally will vote FOR management sponsored compensation plans (such as bonus plans, incentive plans, stock option plans, pension and retirement benefits, stock purchase plans or thrift plans) if they are consistent with industry and country standards. However, CMA generally is opposed to compensation plans that substantially dilute ownership interest in a company, provide participants with excessive awards, or have objectionable structural features. Specifically, for equity-based plans, if the proposed number of shares authorized for option programs (excluding authorized shares for expired options) exceeds an average of 5% of the currently outstanding shares over the previous three years or an average of 3% over the previous three years for directors only, the proposal should be referred to the Proxy Committee. The Committee will then consider the circumstances surrounding the issue and vote in the best interest of CMA’s clients. CMA requires that management provide substantial justification for the repricing of options.

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals requiring that executive severance arrangements be submitted for shareholder ratification.

 

   

Proposals asking a company to expense stock options.

 

   

Proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.

 

   

Employee stock purchase plans that have the following features: (i) the shares purchased under the plan are acquired for no less than 85% of their market value, (ii) the offering period under the plan is 27 months or less, and (iii) dilution is 10% or less.

 

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Proposals for the remuneration of auditors if no more than 25% of the compensation costs comes from non audit activity.

CMA generally will vote AGAINST:

 

   

Stock option plans that permit issuance of options with an exercise price below the stock’s current market price, or that permit replacing or repricing of out-of-the money options.

 

   

Proposals to authorize the replacement or repricing of out-of-the money options.

 

   

Proposals requesting that plan administrators have advance authority to amend the terms of a plan without detailed disclosure of the specific amendments. When sufficient details are provided on the amendments permitted by the advance authority, CMA will recommend on such proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals regarding approval of specific executive severance arrangements.

3. Capitalization

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals to increase the authorized shares for stock dividends, stock splits (and reverse stock splits) or general issuance, unless proposed as an anti-takeover measure or a general issuance proposal increases the authorization by more than 30% without a clear need presented by the company. Proposals for reverse stock splits should include an overall reduction in authorization.

For companies recognizing preemptive rights for existing shareholders, CMA generally will vote FOR general issuance proposals that increase the authorized shares by more than 30%. CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis all such proposals by companies that do not recognize preemptive rights for existing shareholders.

 

   

Proposals for the elimination of authorized but unissued shares or retirement of those shares purchased for sinking fund or treasury stock.

 

   

Proposals to institute/renew open market share repurchase plans in which all shareholders may participate on equal terms.

 

   

Proposals to reduce or change the par value of common stock, provided the number of shares is also changed in order to keep the capital unchanged.

CMA will evaluate on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals regarding:

 

   

Management proposals that allow listed companies to de-list and terminate the registration of their common stock. CMA will determine whether the transaction enhances shareholder value by giving consideration to:

 

   

Whether the company has attained benefits from being publicly traded.

 

   

Cash-out value

 

   

Balanced interests of continuing vs. cashed-out shareholders

 

   

Market reaction to public announcement of transaction

4. Mergers, Restructurings and Other Transactions

CMA will review, on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, business transactions such as mergers, acquisitions, reorganizations, liquidations, spinoffs, buyouts and sale of all or substantially all of a company’s assets.

 

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5. Anti-Takeover Measures

CMA generally will vote AGAINST proposals intended largely to avoid acquisition prior to the occurrence of an actual event or to discourage acquisition by creating a cost constraint. With respect to the following measures, CMA generally will vote as follows:

Poison Pills

 

   

CMA votes FOR shareholder proposals that ask a company to submit its poison pill for shareholder ratification.

 

   

CMA generally votes FOR shareholder proposals to eliminate a poison pill.

 

   

CMA generally votes AGAINST management proposals to ratify a poison pill.

Greenmail

 

   

CMA will vote FOR proposals to adopt anti-greenmail charter or bylaw amendments or to otherwise restrict a company’s ability to make greenmail payments.

Supermajority vote

 

   

CMA will vote AGAINST board-approved proposals to adopt anti-takeover measures such as supermajority voting provisions, issuance of blank check preferred stock, the creation of a separate class of stock with disparate voting rights and charter amendments adopting control share acquisition provisions.

Control Share Acquisition Provisions

 

   

CMA will vote FOR proposals to opt out of control share acquisition statutes.

6. Other Business Matters

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Bylaw amendments giving holders of at least 25% of outstanding common stock the ability to call a special meeting of stockholders.

 

   

Board governance document amendments or other proposals which give the lead independent director the authority to call special meetings of the independent directors at any time.

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals to approve routine business matters such as changing the company’s name and procedural matters relating to the shareholder meeting such as approving the minutes of a prior meeting.

 

   

Proposals to ratify the appointment of auditors, unless any of the following apply in which case CMA will generally vote AGAINST the proposal:

 

   

Credible reason exists to question:

 

   

The auditor’s independence, as determined by applicable regulatory requirements.

 

   

The accuracy or reliability of the auditor’s opinion as to the company’s financial position.

 

   

Fees paid to the auditor or its affiliates for “non-audit” services were excessive, i.e., in excess of the total fees paid for “audit,” “audit-related” and “tax compliance” and/or “tax return preparation” services, as disclosed in the company’s proxy materials.

 

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Bylaw or charter changes that are of a housekeeping nature (e.g., updates or corrections).

 

   

Proposals to approve the annual reports and accounts provided the certifications required by the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 have been provided.

CMA generally will vote AGAINST:

 

   

Proposals to eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent or call special meetings.

 

   

Proposals providing management with authority to adjourn an annual or special shareholder meeting absent compelling reasons, or to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws without shareholder approval, or to vote unmarked proxies in favor of management.

 

   

Shareholder proposals to change the date, time or location of the company’s annual meeting of shareholders.

CMA will vote AGAINST:

 

   

Authorization to transact other unidentified substantive (as opposed to procedural) business at a meeting.

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis:

 

   

Proposals to change the location of the company’s state of incorporation. CMA considers whether financial benefits (e.g., reduced fees or taxes) likely to accrue to the company as a result of a reincorporation or other change of domicile outweigh any accompanying material diminution of shareholder rights.

 

   

Proposals on whether and how to vote on “bundled” or otherwise conditioned proposals, depending on the overall economic effects upon shareholders.

CMA generally will ABSTAIN from voting on shareholder proposals predominantly involving social, socio-economic, environmental, political or other similar matters on the basis that their impact on share value can rarely be anticipated with any high degree of confidence. CMA may, on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, vote:

 

   

FOR proposals seeking inquiry and reporting with respect to, rather than cessation or affirmative implementation of, specific policies where the pertinent issue warrants separate communication to shareholders; and

 

   

FOR or AGAINST the latter sort of proposal in light of the relative benefits and detriments (e.g. distraction, costs, other burdens) to share value which may be expected to flow from passage of the proposal.

7. Other Matters Relating to Foreign Issues

CMA generally will vote FOR:

 

   

Most stock (scrip) dividend proposals. CMA votes AGAINST proposals that do not allow for a cash option unless management demonstrates that the cash option is harmful to shareholder value.

 

   

Proposals to capitalize the company’s reserves for bonus issues of shares or to increase the par value of shares.

 

   

Proposals to approve control and profit transfer agreements between a parent and its subsidiaries.

 

   

Management proposals seeking the discharge of management and supervisory board members, unless there is concern about the past actions of the company’s auditors/directors and/or legal action is being taken against the board by other shareholders.

 

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Management proposals concerning allocation of income and the distribution of dividends, unless the proxy vendor would vote against such proposal in accordance with its guidelines, in which case CMA will evaluate the proposal on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

 

   

Proposals for the adoption of financing plans if they are in the best economic interests of shareholders.

CMA will generally vote FOR proposals to approve Directors’ Fees, unless the proxy vendor would vote against such proposal in accordance with its guidelines, in which case CMA will evaluate the proposal on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

CMA will evaluate management proposals to approve protective preference shares for Netherlands located company-friendly foundations proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis and will only support resolutions if:

 

   

The supervisory board needs to approve an issuance of shares while the supervisory board is independent within the meaning of CMA’ categorization rules and the Dutch Corporate Governance Code.

 

   

No call/put option agreement exists between the company and the foundation.

 

   

There is a qualifying offer clause or there are annual management and supervisory board elections.

 

   

The issuance authority is for a maximum of 18 months.

 

   

The board of the company-friendly foundation is independent.

 

   

The company has disclosed under what circumstances it expects to make use of the possibility to issue preference shares.

 

   

There are no priority shares or other egregious protective or entrenchment tools.

 

   

The company releases its proxy circular, with details of the poison pill proposal, at least three weeks prior to the meeting.

 

   

Art 2:359c Civil Code of the legislative proposal has been implemented.

8. Investment Company Matters

Election of Directors:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals for the election of directors, considering the following factors:

 

   

Board structure

 

   

Attendance at board and committee meetings.

CMA will WITHHOLD votes from directors who:

 

   

Attend less than 75 percent of the board and committee meetings without a valid excuse for the absences. Valid reasons include illness or absence due to company business. Participation via telephone is acceptable. In addition, if the director missed only one meeting or one day’s meetings, votes should not be withheld even if such absence dropped the director’s attendance below 75 percent.

 

   

Ignore a shareholder proposal that is approved by a majority of shares outstanding;

 

   

Ignore a shareholder proposal this is approved by a majority of the votes cast for two consecutive years;

 

   

Are interested directors and sit on the audit or nominating committee; or

 

   

Are interested directors and the full board serves as the audit or nominating committee or the company does not have one of these committees.

 

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Proxy Contests:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals for proxy contests, considering the following factors:

 

   

Past performance relative to its peers

 

   

Market in which fund invests

 

   

Measures taken by the board to address the pertinent issues (e.g., closed-end fund share market value discount to NAV)

 

   

Past shareholder activism, board activity and votes on related proposals

 

   

Strategy of the incumbents versus the dissidents

 

   

Independence of incumbent directors; director nominees

 

   

Experience and skills of director nominees

 

   

Governance profile of the company

 

   

Evidence of management entrenchment

Converting Closed-end Fund to Open-end Fund:

CMA will vote conversion proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the following factors:

 

   

Past performance as a closed-end fund

 

   

Market in which the fund invests

 

   

Measures taken by the board to address the discount

 

   

Past shareholder activism, board activity, and votes on related proposals.

Investment Advisory Agreements:

CMA will vote investment advisory agreements on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the following factors:

 

   

Proposed and current fee schedules

 

   

Fund category/investment objective

 

   

Performance benchmarks

 

   

Share price performance as compared with peers

 

   

Resulting fees relative to peers

 

   

Assignments (where the adviser undergoes a change of control)

Approving New Classes or Series of Shares:

CMA will vote FOR the establishment of new classes or series of shares.

Preferred Stock Proposals:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals for the authorization for or increase in the preferred shares, considering the following factors:

 

   

Stated specific financing purpose

 

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Possible dilution for common shares

 

   

Whether the shares can be used for antitakover purposes

Policies Addressed by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“1940 Act”):

CMA will vote proposals regarding adoption or changes of policies addressed by the 1940 Act on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the following factors:

 

   

Potential competitiveness

 

   

Regulatory developments

 

   

Current and potential returns

 

   

Current and potential risk

CMA generally will vote FOR these amendments as long as the proposed changes do not fundamentally alter the investment focus of the fund and do comply with current SEC interpretations.

Changing a Fundamental Restriction to a Non-fundamental Restriction:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to change a fundamental restriction to a non-fundamental restriction, considering the following factors:

 

   

Fund’s target investments

 

   

Reasons given by the fund for the change

 

   

Projected impact of the change on the portfolio

Change Fundamental Investment Objective to Non-fundamental:

CMA will vote AGAINST proposals to change a fund’s investment objective from fundamental to non-fundamental unless management acknowledges meaningful limitations upon its future requested ability to change the objective

Name Change Proposals:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to change a fund’s name, considering the following factors:

 

   

Political/economic changes in the target market

 

   

Consolidation in the target market

 

   

Current asset composition

Change in Fund’s Subclassification:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to change a fund’s subclassification, considering the following factors:

 

   

Potential competitiveness

 

   

Current and potential returns

 

   

Risk of concentration

 

   

Consolidation in target industry

 

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Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis these proposals, considering the following factors:

 

   

Strategies employed to salvage the company

 

   

Past performance of the fund

 

   

Terms of the liquidation

Changes to the Charter Document:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to change the charter document, considering the following factors:

 

   

The degree of change implied by the proposal

 

   

The efficiencies that could result

 

   

The state of incorporation; net effect on shareholder rights

 

   

Regulatory standards and implications

CMA will vote FOR:

 

   

Proposals allowing the Board to impose, without shareholder approval, fees payable upon redemption of fund shares, provided imposition of such fees is likely to benefit long-term fund investors (e.g., by deterring market timing activity by other fund investors)

 

   

Proposals enabling the Board to amend, without shareholder approval, the fund’s management agreement(s) with its investment adviser(s) or sub-advisers, provided the amendment is not required by applicable law (including the Investment Company Act of 1940) or interpretations thereunder to require such approval

CMA will vote AGAINST:

 

   

Proposals enabling the Board to:

 

   

Change, without shareholder approval the domicile of the fund

 

   

Adopt, without shareholder approval, material amendments of the fund’s declaration of trust or other organizational document

Changing the Domicile of a Fund:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to reincorporate, considering the following factors:

 

   

Regulations of both states

 

   

Required fundamental policies of both states

 

   

The increased flexibility available

Authorizing the Board to Hire and Terminate Subadvisors Without Shareholder Approval:

CMA will vote FOR proposals to enable the Board or Investment Adviser to hire and terminate sub-advisers, without shareholder approval, in accordance with applicable rules or exemptive orders under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

 

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Distribution Agreements:

CMA will vote these proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the following factors:

 

   

Fees charged to comparably sized funds with similar objectives

 

   

The proposed distributor’s reputation and past performance

 

   

The competitiveness of the fund in the industry

 

   

Terms of the agreement

Master-Feeder Structure:

CMA will vote FOR the establishment of a master-feeder structure.

Mergers:

CMA will vote merger proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the following factors:

 

   

Resulting fee structure

 

   

Performance of both funds

 

   

Continuity of management personnel

 

   

Changes in corporate governance and their impact on shareholder rights

Shareholder Proposals to Establish Director Ownership Requirement:

CMA will generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals that mandate a specific minimum amount of stock that directors must own in order to qualify as a director or to remain on the board. While CMA favors stockownership on the part of directors, the company should determine the appropriate ownership requirement.

Shareholder Proposals to Reimburse Shareholder for Expenses Incurred:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses.

Shareholder Proposals to Terminate the Investment Adviser:

CMA will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to terminate the investment adviser, considering the following factors:

 

   

Performance of the fund’s NAV

 

   

The fund’s history of shareholder relations

 

   

The performance of other funds under the adviser’s management

 

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APPENDIX B

Conflicts of Interest Disclosure and Certification Form

Conflict Review Questionnaire for Proxy Voting Working Group Members and Other Individuals Participating in the Proxy Voting Decision-Making Process.

Instructions: Please complete each of the questions. Please provide an explanation for any affirmative responses. Return the completed questionnaire to Columbia Management Conflicts of Interest Officer.

 

 

Issuer and Proxy Matter:

 

 

 

 

 

1.

   Do you or any member of your immediate family have an existing (or potential) business, financial, personal or other relationship with any management personnel of the issuer2?
  

 

  

 

 

2.

   Do you or any member of your immediate family have an existing (or potential) business, financial, personal or other relationship with any person participating, supporting, opposing or otherwise connected with the particular proxy proposal (e.g., principals of the issuer; director nominees of issuer company; shareholder activists)?
  

 

 

  

 

 

3.    Have you discussed this particular proxy proposal with anyone outside of Columbia Management’s investment group3?
  

 

 

  

 

 

4.    Are you aware of any other potential personal conflicts of interest not described above? Please detail below.
  

 

 

  

 

 

Name:   

 

Signed:   

 

 

Date:   

 

 

 

 

2

Personal investing in the issuer by you or a member of your immediate family does not require an affirmative response to this item.

3

Communications with issuer or solicitors in the regular course of business would not have to be disclosed on this form.

 

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APPENDIX C

CMA Proxy Vote Recommendation/Proxy Committee Request Form

Name of Investment Associate:                                                              

Company Name:                                                              

Overview of Proxy Vote and Meeting Date:                                         

Proxy Agenda Item(s)             

Description of Item:                                                                                           

(The above information will be pre-populated by the Proxy Department.)

Recommendation (FOR , AGAINST, ABSTAIN) including brief rationale:                                                              

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Please attach any supporting information other than analysis or reports provided by the Proxy Department.

 

 

Signed

By signing, I am certifying that I either have no conflicts of interest-related information to report or have sent a completed “Conflicts of Interest Disclosure and Certification Form” to Compliance Risk Management (Conflicts Officer).

Send Completed Forms to:

GWIM Investment Operations — Proxy Department

or

In the case of Proxy Votes to be referred to the Proxy Committee, submit this form and materials to the Chair of the Proxy Committee

 

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MARSICO CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC

PROXY VOTING POLICY AND PROCEDURES

Statement of Policy

1. It is the policy of Marsico Capital Management, LLC (“MCM”) to seek to vote or otherwise process, such as by a decision to abstain from voting or to take no action on, proxies over which it has voting authority in the best interests of MCM’s clients, as summarized here.

 

   

MCM’s security analysts generally review proxy proposals as part of their monitoring of portfolio companies. Under MCM’s investment discipline, one of the qualities that MCM generally seeks in companies selected for client portfolios is good management teams that generally seek to serve shareholder interests. Because MCM believes that the management teams of most companies it invests in generally seek to serve shareholder interests, MCM believes that voting proxy proposals in clients’ best economic interests usually means voting with the recommendations of these management teams (including their boards of directors).

 

   

In certain circumstances, MCM’s vote-by-vote analysis of proxy proposals could lead it to conclude that particular management or board recommendations may not appear as closely aligned with shareholder interests as MCM may deem desirable, or could be disregarded in the best interests of shareholders. In those and other circumstances, MCM may, in its sole discretion, vote against a management or board recommendation (or abstain or take no action) based on its analysis if such a vote appears consistent with the best interests of clients.

 

   

MCM may process certain proxies without voting them, such as by making a decision to abstain from voting or take no action on such proxies (or on certain proposals within such proxies). Examples include, without limitation, proxies issued by companies that MCM has decided to sell, proxies issued for securities that MCM did not select for a client portfolio (such as, without limitation, securities that were selected by a previous adviser, unsupervised securities held in a client’s account, money market securities, or other securities selected by clients or their representatives other than MCM), or proxies issued by foreign companies that impose burdensome or unreasonable voting, power of attorney, or holding requirements. MCM also may abstain from voting, or take no action on, proxies in other circumstances, such as when voting may not be in the best interests of clients, as an alternative to voting with (or against) management, or when voting may be unduly burdensome or expensive, or if MCM may have a material conflict of interest in voting certain proxies and alternative voting procedures are not desirable.

 

   

In circumstances when there may be an apparent material conflict of interest between MCM’s interests and clients’ interests in how proxies are voted (such as when MCM knows that a proxy issuer is also an MCM client), MCM generally will resolve any appearance concerns by causing those proxies to be “echo voted” or “mirror voted” in the same proportion as other votes, by voting the proxies as recommended by an independent service provider, or by abstaining or taking no action. In other cases, MCM might use other procedures to resolve an apparent material conflict.

 

   

MCM may use an independent service provider to assist in voting proxies, keep voting records, and disclose voting information to clients. MCM’s Proxy Voting policy and reports describing the voting of a client’s proxies are available to the client on request.

 

   

MCM seeks to ensure that, to the extent reasonably feasible, proxies for which MCM receives ballots in good order and receives timely notice will be voted or otherwise processed (such as through a decision to abstain or take no action) as intended under MCM’s Proxy Voting policy and procedures. MCM may be unable to vote or otherwise process proxy ballots that are not received or processed in a timely manner due to functional limitations of the proxy voting system, custodial limitations, or other factors beyond MCM’s control. Such ballots may include, without limitation, ballots for securities out on loan under securities lending programs initiated by the client or its custodian, ballots not timely

 

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forwarded by a custodian, or ballots for which MCM does not timely receive essential information such as the proxy proposal itself or modifications to the required voting date. Other ballots may be voted but not counted, or may be counted in an unexpected way, because of factors such as foreign voting requirements or other limitations.

Definitions

2. By “best interests of MCM’s clients,” MCM means clients’ best economic interests over the long term –that is, the common interest that all clients share in seeing the value of a common investment increase over time. Clients may have differing political or social interests, but their best economic interests are generally uniform.

3. By “material conflict of interest,” MCM means circumstances when MCM itself knowingly does business with a particular proxy issuer, other principal proponent of a proposal, or an entity closely affiliated with the proxy issuer or other principal proponent of a proposal, or other circumstances in which MCM may appear to have a significant conflict of interest between its own interests and the interests of clients in how proxies are voted.

Procedures: MCM Invests in Companies With Management Teams That Seek Shareholders’ Best Interests, and Usually Votes Proxies with Management Recommendations

4. MCM’s security analysts generally review proxy proposals as part of their monitoring of portfolio companies. Under MCM’s investment discipline, one of the qualities that MCM generally seeks in companies selected for client portfolios is good management teams that generally seek to serve shareholder interests. Because MCM believes that the management teams of companies it invests in generally seek to serve shareholder interests, MCM believes that voting proxy proposals in clients’ best economic interests usually means voting with the recommendations of these management teams (or their boards of directors). Therefore, when portfolio companies issue proxy proposals, MCM usually votes the proxies with management or board recommendations, because it believes that recommendations by these companies’ managements generally are in shareholders’ best interests, and therefore in the best economic interests of MCM’s clients.

5. In certain circumstances, MCM’s vote-by-vote analysis of proxy proposals could lead it to conclude that particular management or board recommendations may not appear as closely aligned with shareholder interests as MCM may deem desirable, or could be disregarded in the best interests of shareholders. For example, in some circumstances, certain proxy proposals or recommendations by management, shareholders, or other proponents -- such as, without limitation, proposals that would affect corporate governance relating to anti-takeover measures, board election requirements, director qualifications, shared board and management responsibilities, capitalization changes, compensation programs, or other matters – could present circumstances in which management recommendations may not appear as closely aligned with shareholder interests as MCM in its sole discretion may deem desirable. In those and other circumstances, MCM may, in its sole discretion, vote against a management or board recommendation (or abstain or take no action) based on MCM’s analysis if in MCM’s view such a vote appears consistent with the best interests of clients. As further examples, in MCM’s sole discretion, it may vote against a management or board recommendation in order to, without limitation, support a shareholder proposal favoring safeguards against potential overreaching by management or enhancements of shareholder control that MCM believes are reasonable or appropriate, or vote against management or board recommendations in order to oppose management proposals that are not shareholder-friendly in MCM’s view.

6. MCM generally considers each proxy proposal on its merits, and periodically reassesses its views of the management teams of the companies that it invests in for clients. A decision to vote against a particular management or board recommendation or to otherwise abstain or take no action on a proxy proposal does not necessarily signal a departure from MCM’s general view that a management team or board is serving the best interests of shareholders. If MCM concludes, in its sole discretion, that a company’s management team or board no longer appears to be serving shareholders’ best interests, MCM may take any action it deems appropriate, including, without limitation, awaiting further developments, voting against selected management or board recommendations, or selling shares of the company.

 

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Procedures: Use of an Independent Service Provider

7. MCM may engage an independent service provider to assist with the administrative and ministerial aspects of proxy voting. The independent service provider may perform functions that include, without limitation, voting proxies for MCM in accordance with MCM’s instructions based on MCM’s Proxy Voting policy, maintaining records of proxy votes, and assisting in preparing certain reports. To minimize the possibility that MCM’s proxy votes could be affected by potential conflicts of interest that may exist between an independent service provider and a proxy issuer, MCM rarely considers directing such a service provider to vote proxies for MCM based on the service provider’s recommendations (although MCM may do so in certain circumstances discussed in “Alternative Procedures for Potential Material Conflicts of Interest” below).

Procedures: Voting/Abstention/No Action/Other Exceptions

8. MCM seeks to ensure that, to the extent reasonably feasible, proxies for which MCM receives ballots in good order and receives timely notice will be voted or otherwise processed as intended under MCM’s Proxy Voting policy and procedures. MCM employs a number of measures, including certain reconciliations and other cross-check procedures, to attempt to verify that proxies are voted or otherwise processed as intended, although such checks may not be feasible or reliable in some cases because of the complexity of the proxy voting process. MCM’s ability to vote or otherwise process proxies may be limited by many factors, including MCM’s dependence on custodians and independent proxy voting service providers to assist in processing proxies. MCM may be unable to vote or otherwise process proxy ballots that are not received or processed in a timely manner due to functional limitations of the proxy voting system, custodial limitations, or other factors beyond MCM’s control. Such ballots may include, without limitation, ballots for securities out on loan under securities lending programs initiated by a client or its custodian, ballots not timely forwarded by a custodian, or ballots for which MCM does not timely receive essential information such as the proxy proposal itself or modifications to the required voting date. Other ballots may be voted but not counted, or may be counted in an unexpected way, because of factors such as foreign voting requirements or other limitations. For example, in a few foreign markets, ballots cast by MCM may not be counted if required powers of attorney between the client and the custodian are not maintained. Also in foreign markets, ballots for securities held by a custodian in an omnibus account for multiple customers may be voted in an unexpected manner if the custodian receives different voting instructions from its customers and cannot split its vote as each customer requested.

9.a MCM may process some proxies without voting them, such as by making a decision to abstain or take no action on such proxies (or on certain proposals within such proxies). For example, if MCM has decided to sell the shares of a company, MCM generally may abstain from voting proxies or may take no action on proxies issued by the company. If MCM receives proxies relating to securities acquired as a result of an account transition (such as, without limitation, securities delivered into a newly opened MCM account that were selected by a previous adviser), MCM may choose to abstain or take no action on the proxies. MCM also may abstain or take no action on proxies issued for other securities that MCM did not select for a client portfolio (such as, without limitation, unsupervised securities held in a client’s account, or money market securities or other securities selected by clients or their representatives other than MCM).

9.b. MCM may abstain or take no action on proxies (or on certain proposals within such proxies) in other circumstances. MCM may determine, for example, that abstaining or taking no action on proxies is appropriate if voting may be unduly burdensome or expensive, such as when foreign proxy issuers impose burdensome or unreasonable voting, power of attorney, or holding requirements, or if MCM may have a material conflict of interest in voting certain proxies and alternative voting procedures are not desirable. MCM also may abstain or take no action when voting may not be in the best interests of clients in MCM’s view, or as an alternative to voting with (or against) management.

10. The procedures in this policy generally apply to all proxy voting matters over which MCM has voting authority, including changes in corporate governance structures, the adoption or amendment of compensation plans (including stock options), and matters involving social issues or corporate responsibility.

 

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Alternative Procedures for Potential Material Conflicts of Interest

11. In certain circumstances such as when the issuer or other proponent of a proxy proposal is also a client of MCM, it is possible that an appearance might arise of a potential conflict between MCM’s interests and the interests of affected clients in how the proxies of that issuer are voted.

12. MCM seeks to vote or otherwise process proxies in the best interests of its clients, and believes that any potential conflict of interest would not actually affect MCM’s voting of the proxies.

13. Nevertheless, when MCM is aware that a material conflict of interest (as defined in section 3 above) between MCM’s interests and clients’ interests may appear to exist, MCM generally will, to avoid appearance concerns, follow an alternative procedure rather than vote or otherwise process ballots in accordance with its own determinations. Such an alternative procedure generally would involve either:

(i) Directing an independent service provider to cause the proxies of those MCM client accounts that MCM is responsible for processing to be “echo voted” or “mirror voted” in the same proportion as the votes of other proxy holders if the service provider indicates it can do so; or

(ii) Directing the proxies of those MCM client accounts that MCM is responsible for processing to be voted in accordance with the recommendations of an independent service provider that MCM may use to assist in voting proxies. This procedure generally may be used if it can be determined that the independent service provider appears able to make such recommendations and vote in an impartial manner. In making this determination, MCM may (1) require the independent service provider to represent or otherwise demonstrate that the service provider faces no conflict of interest with respect to the vote, or (2) ask the independent service provider to disclose to MCM relevant facts concerning the firm’s relationship with the proxy issuer or other persons and certify that the service provider has taken steps to ensure that no actual conflicts exist.

MCM seeks to document the identification of any material conflict of interest and its procedure for resolving the particular conflict.

14. MCM may use other alternative procedures to address circumstances when a material conflict of interest may appear to exist, such as, without limitation:

(i) Notifying affected clients of the conflict of interest (if it is reasonably feasible to do so), and seeking a waiver of the conflict to permit MCM to vote the proxies;

(ii) Abstaining or taking no action on the proxies in cases when, without limitation, service providers cannot echo vote proxies of certain securities (such as those issued by foreign companies), or in other cases when alternative voting procedures are not desirable; or

(iii) Forwarding the proxies to clients so that clients may vote the proxies themselves.

Voting by Client Instead of MCM

15. An MCM client may elect to vote proxies for its own account instead of directing MCM to do so. MCM recommends this approach if a client believes that proxies should be voted based on political or social interests or other client-specific considerations.

16. MCM generally cannot implement client proxy voting guidelines that do not delegate full discretion to MCM, or that are not fully consistent with these procedures. In particular, MCM encourages the client to vote its own proxies if the client seeks to impose client-specific voting guidelines that may be inconsistent with MCM’s policy or with MCM’s vote-by-vote analysis. MCM does not generally advise a client on proxy voting issues when the client retains authority to handle such matters itself.

 

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17. MCM generally may abstain or will take no action on proxy votes relating to legal proceedings such as shareholder class actions or bankruptcy proceedings, or may refer such votes to clients.

Persons Responsible for Implementing MCM’s Policy

18. MCM’s Operations/Client Services staff has primary responsibility for implementing MCM’s Proxy Voting policy and procedures, including ensuring that proxies are timely submitted. MCM also generally uses a service provider to assist in voting proxies, recordkeeping, and other matters.

19. Members of MCM’s Investment staff, such as security analysts, generally review proxy proposals as part of their ongoing assessment of companies.

Recordkeeping

20.a. MCM or a service provider maintains, in accordance with Rule 204-2 under the Investment Advisers Act:

(i) Copies of all proxy voting policies and procedures;

(ii) Copies of proxy statements received (unless maintained elsewhere as described below);

(iii) Records of proxy votes cast on behalf of clients;

(iv) Documents prepared by MCM that are material to a decision on how to vote or memorializing the basis for a decision;

(v) Written client requests for proxy voting information, and

(vi) Written responses by MCM to written or oral client requests.

20.b. MCM seeks to document instances in which it identifies a material conflict of interest, as well as the procedure utilized for resolving the particular conflict. MCM’s Operations/Client Services Department also documents certain other non-routine proxy voting issues, including: the basis for (1) any decision to vote against a management or board recommendation for reasons other than general matters affecting corporate governance issues discussed in section 5 above; and (2) any decision to abstain or take no action on a proxy that is intended by MCM to demonstrate divergence from a management or board recommendation.

20.c. MCM will not document other, more routine instances in which it may take certain actions with respect to a particular proxy, including certain situations identified in this Proxy Voting policy and procedures. MCM generally will not document, for example, the basis for routine decisions (i) to vote against corporate governance proposals such as those described above, or (ii) to abstain or take no action on proxies in circumstances (A) when foreign issuers impose burdensome or unreasonable voting, power of attorney, or holding requirements, (B) when MCM has sold or determined to sell a security, or when MCM did not select the securities for the client portfolio (such as, without limitation, securities that were selected by a previous adviser, unsupervised securities held in a client’s account, or money market securities or other securities selected by clients or their representatives other than MCM), or (C) when other routine situations arise such as those identified in section 9 above. MCM also cannot document decisions not to vote or otherwise process proxies that were not received in good order, not received in a timely fashion, or otherwise not processed for reasons beyond MCM’s control, such as in certain situations addressed in section 8 above.

21. MCM will obtain an undertaking from any service provider that the service provider will provide copies of proxy voting records and other documents promptly upon request if MCM relies on the service provider to maintain related records.

 

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22. MCM or its service provider may rely on the SEC’s EDGAR system to keep records of certain proxy statements issued by domestic (and some foreign) issuers if the proxy statements are maintained by issuers on that system (as is generally true in the case of larger U.S.-based issuers).

23. All proxy-related records will be maintained in an easily accessible place for five years (and at an appropriate office of MCM or a service provider for the first two years).

Availability of Policy and Proxy Voting Records to Clients

24. MCM will initially inform clients of this policy and provide information regarding how a client may learn of MCM’s voting record for the client’s securities through summary disclosure in Part II of MCM’s Form ADV. Upon receipt of a client’s request for more information, MCM will provide the client with a copy of this Proxy Voting policy. Reports describing how MCM voted proxies for the client during the period since this policy was adopted are also available upon request.

*  *  *

MCM’s Chief Compliance Officer will review this policy at least annually to determine whether it should be amended or updated. Any amendments to this policy require the written approval of the Chief Compliance Officer.

 

Approved by:

 

Steven Carlson /s/

Title:

  Chief Compliance Officer

Effective Date:

  October 1, 2004
Policy Amended: February 10, 2006

Approved by:

 

Steven Carlson /s/

Title:

  Chief Compliance Officer

Effective Date:

  February 10, 2006
Policy Amended: July 19, 2006

Approved by:

 

Steven Carlson /s/

Title:

  Chief Compliance Officer

Effective Date:

  July 19, 2006
Amendment Approved: August 8, 2008

Approved by:

 

Steven Carlson

Title:

  Chief Compliance Officer

Effective Date:

  September 1, 2008

 

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MacKay Shields Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures

MacKay Shields LLC

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

1. Introduction

MacKay Shields LLC (“MacKay Shields” or the “Firm”), has adopted these “Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures” (the “Policy”) to ensure the Firm’s compliance with Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”) and other applicable fiduciary obligations. The Policy applies to proxies relating to securities held by clients of MacKay Shields who have delegated the responsibility of voting proxies to the Firm. The Policy is designed to assist Firm employees in meeting their specific responsibilities in this area and to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interests of the Firm’s clients.

2. Statement of Policy

2.1 It is the policy of MacKay Shields that where the Firm has voting authority, all proxies are to be voted in the best interest of the client without regard to the interests of MacKay Shields or other related parties. Specifically, MacKay Shields shall not subordinate the interests of clients to unrelated objectives. MacKay Shields shall act with the care, skill, prudence and diligence under the circumstances then prevailing that a prudent person acting in a like capacity and familiar with such matters would use in the conduct of an enterprise of a like character and with like aims. For purposes of the Policy, the “best interests of clients” shall mean, unless otherwise specified by the client, the clients’ best economic interests over the long term — that is, the common interest that all MacKay Shields clients share in seeing the value of a common investment increase over time. It is further the policy of the Firm that complete and accurate disclosure concerning its proxy voting policies and procedures and proxy voting records as required by the Advisers Act, be made available to its clients.

2.2 When proxies with respect to securities held by clients of MacKay Shields have not been received by MacKay Shields or its proxy voting service provider, MacKay Shields will make reasonable efforts to obtain missing proxies. MacKay Shields is not responsible for voting proxies it or its proxy voting service provider does not receive.

2.3 MacKay Shields may choose not to vote proxies under the following circumstances:

 

   

If the effect on the client’s economic interests or the value of the portfolio holding is indeterminable or insignificant;

 

   

If the cost of voting the proxy outweighs the possible benefit; or

 

   

If a jurisdiction imposes share blocking restrictions which prevent the Firm from trading shares.

3. Use of Third Party Proxy Voting Service Provider

To discharge its responsibility, MacKay Shields has examined third-party services that assist in the researching and voting of proxies and the development of voting guidelines. After such review, the Firm has selected RiskMetrics Group (“RM”), to assist it in researching voting proposals, analyzing the financial implications of voting proposals and voting proxies. MacKay Shields utilizes the research and analytical services, operational implementation, administration, record-keeping and reporting services provided by RM.

4. Proxy Voting Guidelines

4.1 MacKay Shields has determined that, except as set forth in Sections 6 and 7, proxies for non-union clients who so specify will be voted in accordance with the voting recommendations contained in the applicable

 

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RM non-union domestic or global proxy voting guidelines, as in effect from time to time (“Non-Union Guidelines”). A summary of the current Non-Union Guidelines is attached as Exhibit A.

4.2 MacKay Shields has determined that, except as set forth in Sections 6 and 7, proxies for union or Taft-Hartley clients who so specify will be voted in accordance with the voting recommendations contained in the applicable RM Taft-Hartley domestic or global proxy voting guidelines, as in effect from time to time (“Union Guidelines”). A summary of the current Union Guidelines is attached as Exhibit B.

4.3 For purposes of the Policy, the Non-Union and Union Guidelines are collectively referred to as the Standard Guidelines.

4.4 A client may choose to use proxy voting guidelines different from the Standard Guidelines (“Custom Guidelines”). Any Custom Guidelines must be furnished by the client to MacKay Shields in writing.

4.5 In the event the Standard Guidelines or any client’s Custom Guidelines do not address how a proxy should be voted or state that the vote is to be determined on a “case-by-case” basis, the proxy will be voted in accordance with RM recommendations, subject to Section 6. In the event that RM has not made a recommendation, MacKay Shields will follow the procedure set forth in Section 7.

4.6 Notwithstanding the foregoing, MacKay Shields will vote a proxy with respect to a particular security held by a client in accordance with such client’s specific request even if it is in a manner inconsistent with the Standard Guidelines or the client’s Custom Guidelines, as the case may be. Any such specific requests must be furnished to MacKay Shields by the client in writing and must be received by MacKay on a timely basis for instructing RM how to cast the vote.

4.7 In order to avoid possible conflicts of interest, MacKay Shields votes proxies based on the Standard Guidelines or a client’s Custom Guidelines, as the case may be. However, it is recognized that the Firm’s portfolio management team has the ultimate responsibility for proxy voting.

4.8 For clients using the Standard Guidelines, the Firm will instruct RM to cast votes in accordance with the Standard Guidelines. For clients using Custom Guidelines, the Firm will provide RM with a copy of such Custom Guidelines and will instruct RM to cast votes in accordance with such Custom Guidelines. RM will cast votes in accordance with the Standard Guidelines or Custom Guidelines, as the case may be, unless instructed otherwise by MacKay Shields as set forth in Sections 6 and 7. Upon receipt of a specific request from a client pursuant to Section 4.6, the Firm will instruct RM to cast such client’s proxy in accordance with such request.

5. Client Account Set-up and Review

5.1 Initially, MacKay Shields must determine whether the client seeks to retain the responsibility of voting proxies, or seeks to delegate that responsibility to the Firm. The marketing or client service person responsible for setting up the account, in conjunction with MacKay’s Legal/Compliance Department, will have primary responsibility for making that determination. In its sole discretion, the Firm may decline to accept authority to vote a client’s proxies. Any such refusal shall be in writing.

5.2 If MacKay Shields has authority to vote a client’s proxies, the marketing or client service person responsible for setting up the account will ask the client to specify in writing (which may be by e-mail) whether the Firm should vote proxies in accordance with the Non-Union Guidelines, Union Guidelines or Custom Guidelines.

5.3 In most cases, the delegation of voting authority to MacKay Shields, and the Firm’s use of a third-party proxy voting service provider shall be memorialized in the client’s investment management agreement.

 

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5.4 MacKay Shields shall notify RM of new client accounts using such form as RM shall specify from time to time. Designated personnel within the Firm will be responsible for ensuring that each new client’s account for which the Firm has proxy voting authority is established on the appropriate systems and that each such account is properly coded for voting under the appropriate Non-Union Guidelines, Union Guidelines or Custom Guidelines, as the case may be.

6. Overriding Guidelines

A portfolio manager may propose that a particular proxy vote be cast in a manner different from the Standard Guidelines or a RM voting recommendation, or may propose an abstention from voting, if he/she believes that to do so, based on all facts and circumstances, is in the best interest of the Firm’s clients as a whole. Any portfolio manager who proposes to override the Standard Guidelines or a RM voting recommendation on a particular vote or to abstain from voting must complete a Proxy Vote Override/Decision Form, which is set forth in Schedule C.

7. Referral of Voting Decision by RM to MacKay Shields

7.1 In the event that the Standard Guidelines or a client’s Custom Guidelines do not address how a proxy should be voted on a specific proposal for an issuer and RM has not made a recommendation as to how such proxy should be voted, RM will so advise MacKay Shields. In that event, the Legal/Compliance Department will request that the appropriate portfolio manager make a voting recommendation and complete a Proxy Vote Override/Decision Form.

7.2 In the event that the Standard Guidelines or a client’s Custom Guidelines require a “case-by-case” determination on a particular proxy vote and RM has not made a recommendation as to how such proxy should be voted, RM will so advise MacKay Shields. In that event, the Legal/Compliance Department will request that the appropriate portfolio manager make a voting recommendation and complete a Proxy Vote Override/Decision Form.

7.3 In the event that RM determines that a conflict of interest exists as a result of which RM is precluded from making a recommendation as to how a proxy should be voted on a specific proposal for an issuer, RM will so advise MacKay Shields. In that event, the Legal/Compliance Department will request that the appropriate portfolio manager make a voting recommendation and complete a Proxy Vote Override/Decision Form.

8. Conflicts of Interest

8.1 The Firm’s portfolio managers may make proxy voting decisions in connection with (i) overriding the Standard Guidelines or an RM voting recommendation pursuant to Section 6, or (ii) deciding on a vote pursuant to Section 7. In such event, the portfolio managers have an affirmative duty to disclose any potential conflict of interest known to them that exists between the Firm and the client on whose behalf the proxy is to be voted (“Conflict”).

8.2. By way of example, Conflicts may exist in situations where the Firm is called to vote on a proxy involving an issuer or proponent of a proxy proposal regarding the issuer where MacKay Shields or an affiliated person of the Firm also:

 

   

Manages the issuer’s or proponent’s pension plan;

 

   

Administers the issuer’s or proponent’s employee benefit plan;

 

   

Provided brokerage, underwriting, insurance or banking services to the issuer or proponent; or

 

   

Manages money for an employee group.

 

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Additional Conflicts may exist, among others, if an executive of the Firm or its control affiliates is a close relative of, or has a personal or business relationship with:

 

   

An executive of the issuer or proponent;

 

   

A director of the issuer or proponent;

 

   

A person who is a candidate to be a director of the issuer;

 

   

A participant in the proxy contest; or

 

   

A proponent of a proxy proposal.

8.3 Whether a relationship creates a Conflict will depend on the facts and circumstances. Even if these parties do not attempt to influence the Firm with respect to voting, the value of the relationship to MacKay Shields or an affiliate can create a Conflict.

8.4 After a Proxy Vote Override/Decision Form is completed pursuant to Sections 6 or 7, such Form, which elicits information as to whether a potential Conflict exists, must be submitted to the Legal/Compliance Department for review. If the Firm’s General Counsel (“GC”) or Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) determines that there is no potential Conflict, the GC or CCO or their designee may instruct RM to vote the proxy issue as set forth in the completed Form.

8.5 If the GC or CCO determines that there exists or may exist a Conflict, he or she will refer the issue to the Compliance Committee for consideration by convening (in person or via telephone) an emergency meeting of the Compliance Committee. For purposes of this Policy, a majority vote of those members present shall resolve any Conflict. The Compliance Committee will consider the facts and circumstances of the pending proxy vote and the potential or actual Conflict and make a determination as to how to vote the proxy — i.e., whether to permit or deny the recommendation of the portfolio manager, or whether to take other action, such as delegating the proxy vote to an independent third party or obtaining voting instructions from clients.

8.6 In considering the proxy vote and potential Conflict, the Compliance Committee may review the following factors, including but not limited to:

 

   

The percentage of outstanding securities of the issuer held on behalf of clients by the Firm.

 

   

The nature of the relationship of the issuer with the Firm, its affiliates or its executive officers.

 

   

Whether there has been any attempt to directly or indirectly influence the portfolio manager’s decision.

 

   

Whether the direction (for or against) of the proposed vote would appear to benefit the Firm or a related party.

 

   

Whether an objective decision to vote in a certain way will still create a strong appearance of a Conflict.

MacKay Shields may not abstain from voting any such proxy for the purpose of avoiding Conflict.

9. Securities Lending

MacKay Shields portfolio managers will monitor upcoming meetings and MacKay Shields will request that clients call back securities loans, if applicable, in anticipation of an important vote to be taken among holders of the securities or of the giving or withholding of their consent on a material matter affecting the investment. In determining whether to request that clients call back securities loans, the relevant portfolio manager(s) shall consider whether the benefit to the client in voting the matter outweighs the benefit to the client in keeping the security on loan.

 

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10. Reporting

Upon request, MacKay Shields shall report annually (or more frequently if specifically requested) to its clients on proxy votes cast on their behalf. MacKay Shields will provide any client who makes a written or verbal request with a copy of a report disclosing how MacKay Shields voted securities held in that client’s portfolio. The report will generally contain the following information:

 

   

The name of the issuer of the security;

 

   

The security’s exchange ticker symbol;

 

   

The security’s CUSIP number;

 

   

The shareholder meeting date;

 

   

A brief identification of the matter voted on;

 

   

Whether the matter was proposed by the issuer or by a security holder;

 

   

Whether MacKay Shields cast its vote on the matter;

 

   

How MacKay Shields voted; and

 

   

Whether MacKay Shields voted for or against management.

11. Record-Keeping

Either MacKay Shields or RM as indicated below will maintain the following records:

 

   

A copy of the Policy and MacKay’s Standard Guidelines;

 

   

A copy of each proxy statement received by MacKay Shields or forwarded to RM by the client’s custodian regarding client securities;

 

   

A record of each vote cast by MacKay Shields on behalf of a client;

 

   

A copy of all documents created by MacKay Shields that were material to making a decision on the proxy voting (or abstaining from voting) of client securities or that memorialize the basis for that decision including the resolution of any Conflict, a copy of all guideline override requests and all supporting documents; and

 

   

A copy of each written request by a client for information on how MacKay Shields voted proxies on behalf of the client, as well as a copy of any written response by MacKay Shields to any request by a client for information on how MacKay Shields voted proxies on behalf of the client; records of oral requests for information or oral responses will not be kept.

Such records must be maintained for at least eight years.

12. Review of Voting and Guidelines

As part of its periodic reviews, MacKay Shields’ Legal/Compliance Department will conduct an annual review of the prior year’s proxy voting as well as the guidelines established for proxy voting. Documentation shall be maintained of this review and a report setting forth the results of the review will be presented annually to the Compliance Committee.

 

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13. How to Request Information On How the Firm Voted Proxies

Clients may, at anytime, request and receive information from MacKay Shields as to how the Firm voted proxies for securities held in their account. Any such proxy information request should be in writing and mailed or faxed [(212)-754-9205] to MacKay Shields Client Services Department at:

MacKay Shields LLC

9 West 57th Street

New York, NY 10019

ATTN: Client Services

Attachments:

 

Exhibit A—

   Summary of Standard Guidelines for non-union clients

Exhibit B—

   Summary of Standard Guidelines for union clients (Taft-Hartley)

Schedule C—

   Proxy Vote Override/Decision Form

 

Effective February 12, 2010

 

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LOGO

 

 

2010 U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary

January 8, 2010

 

 

Copyright © 2009-2010 by RiskMetrics Group.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of this work should be sent to: RiskMetrics Group Marketing Department, One Chase Manhattan Plaza, 44th Floor, New York, NY 10005. RiskMetrics Group is a trademark used herein under license.

Risk Management  |  RiskMetrics Labs  |  ISS Governance Services  |  Financial Research & Analysis

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Table of Contents

RiskMetrics Group

2010 U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary

Effective for Meetings on or after Feb. 1, 2010

Published December 31, 2009

Updated Jan. 8, 2010

The following is a condensed version of the proxy voting recommendations contained in the RiskMetrics’ (RMG) U.S. Proxy Voting Manual.

 

Table of Contents

  

TABLE OF CONTENTS

     B-32   

1. ROUTINE/MISCELLANEOUS

     B-37   

Adjourn Meeting

     B-37   

Amend Quorum Requirements

     B-37   

Amend Minor Bylaws

     B-37   

Change Company Name

     B-37   

Change Date, Time, or Location of Annual Meeting

     B-37   

Other Business

     B-37   

Audit-Related

     B-37   

Auditor Indemnification and Limitation of Liability

     B-37   

Auditor Ratification

     B-38   

Shareholder Proposals Limiting Non-Audit Services

     B-38   

Shareholder Proposals on Audit Firm Rotation

     B-38   

2. BOARD OF DIRECTORS:

     B-39   

Voting on Director Nominees in Uncontested Elections

     B-39   

Board Accountability

     B-39   

Problematic Takeover Defenses

     B-39   

Problematic Audit-Related Practices

     B-40   

Problematic Compensation Practices

     B-40   

Other Problematic Governance Practices

     B-41   

Board Responsiveness

     B-41   

Director Independence

     B-42   

Director Competence

     B-42   

2010 RMG Categorization of Directors

     B-42   

Board-Related Management Proposals

     B-45   

Age Limits

     B-45   

Board Size

     B-45   

Classification/Declassification of the Board

     B-45   

Cumulative Voting

     B-45   

Director and Officer Indemnification and Liability Protection

     B-45   

Establish/Amend Nominee Qualifications

     B-46   

Filling Vacancies/Removal of Directors

     B-46   

Majority Vote Threshold for Director Elections

     B-46   

Term Limits

     B-46   

Board-Related Shareholder Proposals/Initiatives

     B-46   

Age Limits

     B-46   

Annual Election (Declassification) of the Board

     B-46   

 

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Cumulative Voting

     B-47   

Establish/Amend Nominee Qualifications

     B-47   

Establishment of Board Committees Shareholder Proposals

     B-47   

Establishment of Board Policy on Shareholder Engagement

     B-47   

Filling Vacancies/Removal of Directors

     B-48   

Independent Chair (Separate Chair/CEO)

     B-48   

Majority of Independent Directors/Establishment of Independent Committees

     B-49   

Majority Vote Shareholder Proposals

     B-49   

Open Access (Proxy Access)

     B-49   

Proxy Contests- Voting for Director Nominees in Contested Elections

     B-50   

Require More Nominees than Open Seats

     B-50   

Term Limits

     B-50   

Vote No Campaigns

     B-50   

3. SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS & DEFENSES

     B-50   

Advance Notice Requirements for Shareholder Proposals/Nominations

     B-50   

Amend Bylaws without Shareholder Consent

     B-51   

Confidential Voting

     B-51   

Control Share Acquisition Provisions

     B-51   

Control Share Cash-Out Provisions

     B-51   

Disgorgement Provisions

     B-52   

Fair Price Provisions

     B-52   

Freeze-Out Provisions

     B-52   

Greenmail

     B-52   

Net Operating Loss (NOL) Protective Amendments

     B-52   

Poison Pills- Shareholder Proposals to put Pill to a Vote and/or Adopt a Pill Policy

     B-53   

Poison Pills- Management Proposals to Ratify Poison Pill

     B-53   

Poison Pills- Management Proposals to ratify a Pill to preserve Net Operating Losses (NOLs)

     B-54   

Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses

     B-54   

Reincorporation Proposals

     B-54   

Shareholder Ability to Act by Written Consent

     B-55   

Shareholder Ability to Call Special Meetings

     B-55   

Stakeholder Provisions

     B-55   

State Antitakeover Statutes

     B-55   

Supermajority Vote Requirements

     B-56   

4. CAPITAL/RESTRUCTURING

     B-56   

Capital

     B-56   

Adjustments to Par Value of Common Stock

     B-56   

Common Stock Authorization

     B-56   

Issue Stock for Use with Rights Plan

     B-56   

Preemptive Rights

     B-57   

Preferred Stock

     B-57   

Recapitalization

     B-57   

Reverse Stock Splits

     B-57   

Share Repurchase Programs

     B-58   

Stock Distributions: Splits and Dividends

     B-58   

Tracking Stock

     B-58   

Restructuring

     B-58   

Appraisal Rights

     B-58   

Asset Purchases

     B-58   

Asset Sales

     B-59   

 

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Bundled Proposals

     B-59   

Conversion of Securities

     B-59   

Corporate Reorganization/Debt Restructuring/Prepackaged Bankruptcy Plans/Reverse Leveraged Buyouts/Wrap Plans

     B-59   

Formation of Holding Company

     B-60   

Going Private and Going Dark Transactions (LBOs and Minority Squeeze-outs)

     B-60   

Joint Ventures

     B-61   

Liquidations

     B-61   

Mergers and Acquisitions

     B-61   

Plans of Reorganization (Bankruptcy)

     B-62   

Private Placements/Warrants/Convertible Debentures

     B-62   

Special Purpose Acquisition Corporations (SPACs)

     B-63   

Spinoffs

     B-64   

Value Maximization Shareholder Proposals

     B-64   

5. COMPENSATION

     B-65   

Executive Pay Evaluation

     B-65   

Advisory Votes on Executive Compensation- Management Proposals (Management Say-on-Pay)

     B-65   

Pay for Performance

     B-66   

Problematic Pay Practices

     B-67   

Non-Performance based Compensation Elements

     B-67   

Incentives that may Motivate Excessive Risk-Taking

     B-67   

Options Backdating

     B-68   

Board Communications and Responsiveness

     B-68   

Equity-Based and Other Incentive Plans

     B-69   

Cost of Equity Plans

     B-69   

Repricing Provisions

     B-69   

Three-Year Burn Rate/Burn Rate Commitment

     B-70   

Burn Rate Table for 2010

     B-70   

Pay-for-Performance- Impact on Equity Plans

     B-71   

Liberal Definition of Change-in-Control

     B-71   

Problematic Pay Practices

     B-71   

Specific Treatment of Certain Award Types in Equity Plan Evaluations:

     B-71   

Dividend Equivalent Rights

     B-71   

Liberal Share Recycling Provisions

     B-71   

Operating Partnership (OP) units in Equity Plan analysis of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)

     B-72   

Option Overhang Cost

     B-72   

Other Compensation Plans

     B-73   

401(k) Employee Benefit Plans

     B-73   

Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)

     B-73   

Employee Stock Purchase Plans — Qualified Plans

     B-73   

Employee Stock Purchase Plans — Non-Qualified Plans

     B-73   

Incentive Bonus Plans and Tax Deductibility Proposals (OBRA-Related Compensation Proposals)

     B-73   

Option Exchange Programs/Repricing Options

     B-74   

Stock Plans in Lieu of Cash

     B-74   

Transfer Stock Option (TSO) Programs

     B-75   

Director Compensation

     B-75   

Equity Plans for Non-Employee Directors

     B-75   

Director Retirement Plans

     B-76   

 

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Shareholder Proposals on Compensation

     B-76   

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay)

     B-76   

Compensation Consultants- Disclosure of Board or Company’s Utilization

     B-76   

Disclosure/Setting Levels or Types of Compensation for Executives and Directors

     B-76   

Golden Coffins/Executive Death Benefits

     B-77   

Pay for Superior Performance

     B-77   

Performance-Based Awards

     B-78   

Pension Plan Income Accounting

     B-78   

Pre-Arranged Trading Plans (10b5-1 Plans)

     B-78   

Recoup Bonuses

     B-78   

Severance Agreements for Executives/Golden Parachutes

     B-79   

Share Buyback Holding Periods

     B-79   

Stock Ownership or Holding Period Guidelines

     B-79   

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans (SERPs)

     B-80   

Termination of Employment Prior to Severance Payment and Eliminating Accelerated Vesting of Unvested Equity

     B-80   

Tax Gross-Up Proposals

     B-80   

6. SOCIAL/ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

     B-81   

Overall Approach

     B-81   

Animal Welfare

     B-81   

Animal Testing

     B-81   

Animal Welfare Policies

     B-81   

Controlled Atmosphere Killing (CAK)

     B-82   

Consumer Issues

     B-82   

Genetically Modified Ingredients

     B-82   

Consumer Lending

     B-82   

Pharmaceutical Pricing, Access to Medicines, and Product Reimportation

     B-83   

Product Safety and Toxic/Hazardous Materials

     B-83   

Tobacco

     B-84   

Diversity

     B-84   

Board Diversity

     B-84   

Equality of Opportunity

     B-85   

Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, and Domestic Partner Benefits

     B-85   

Climate Change and the Environment

     B-85   

Climate Change

     B-85   

Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs)

     B-85   

Energy Efficiency

     B-86   

Facility and Operational Safety/Security

     B-86   

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions

     B-86   

Operations in Protected Areas

     B-87   

Recycling

     B-87   

Renewable Energy

     B-87   

General Corporate Issues

     B-87   

Charitable Contributions

     B-87   

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Compensation-Related Proposals

     B-88   

Health Pandemics

     B-88   

Lobbying Expenditures/Initiatives

     B-88   

Political Contributions and Trade Associations Spending

     B-89   

 

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International Issues, Labor Issues, and Human Rights

     B-89   

Community Social and Environmental Impact Assessments

     B-89   

Foreign Military Sales/Offsets

     B-90   

Internet Privacy and Censorship

     B-90   

Labor and Human Rights Standards

     B-90   

MacBride Principles

     B-91   

Nuclear and Depleted Uranium Weapons

     B-91   

Operations in High Risk Markets

     B-91   

Outsourcing/Offshoring

     B-91   

Sustainability

     B-92   

Sustainability Reporting

     B-92   

7. MUTUAL FUND PROXIES

     B-92   

Election of Directors

     B-92   

Converting Closed-end Fund to Open-end Fund

     B-92   

Proxy Contests

     B-92   

Investment Advisory Agreements

     B-93   

Approving New Classes or Series of Shares

     B-93   

Preferred Stock Proposals

     B-93   

1940 Act Policies

     B-93   

Changing a Fundamental Restriction to a Nonfundamental Restriction

     B-94   

Change Fundamental Investment Objective to Nonfundamental

     B-94   

Name Change Proposals

     B-94   

Change in Fund’s Subclassification

     B-94   

Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation

     B-94   

Changes to the Charter Document

     B-95   

Changing the Domicile of a Fund

     B-95   

Authorizing the Board to Hire and Terminate Subadvisors Without Shareholder Approval

     B-95   

Distribution Agreements

     B-95   

Master-Feeder Structure

     B-96   

Mergers

     B-96   

Shareholder Proposals for Mutual Funds

     B-96   

Establish Director Ownership Requirement

     B-96   

Reimburse Shareholder for Expenses Incurred

     B-96   

Terminate the Investment Advisor

     B-96   

 

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1. Routine/Miscellaneous

Adjourn Meeting

Generally vote AGAINST proposals to provide management with the authority to adjourn an annual or special meeting absent compelling reasons to support the proposal.

Vote FOR proposals that relate specifically to soliciting votes for a merger or transaction if supporting that merger or transaction. Vote AGAINST proposals if the wording is too vague or if the proposal includes “other business.”

· · · · ·

Amend Quorum Requirements

Vote AGAINST proposals to reduce quorum requirements for shareholder meetings below a majority of the shares outstanding unless there are compelling reasons to support the proposal.

· · · · ·

Amend Minor Bylaws

Vote FOR bylaw or charter changes that are of a housekeeping nature (updates or corrections).

· · · · ·

Change Company Name

Vote FOR proposals to change the corporate name.

· · · · ·

Change Date, Time, or Location of Annual Meeting

Vote FOR management proposals to change the date, time, and/or location of the annual meeting unless the proposed change is unreasonable.

Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals to change the date, time, and/or location of the annual meeting unless the current scheduling or location is unreasonable.

· · · · ·

Other Business

Vote AGAINST proposals to approve other business when it appears as voting item.

· · · · ·

Audit-Related

Auditor Indemnification and Limitation of Liability

Consider the issue of auditor indemnification and limitation of liability on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. Factors to be assessed include, but are not limited to:

 

   

The terms of the auditor agreement- the degree to which these agreements impact shareholders’ rights;

 

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Motivation and rationale for establishing the agreements;

 

   

Quality of disclosure; and

 

   

Historical practices in the audit area.

WITHHOLD or vote AGAINST members of an audit committee in situations where there is persuasive evidence that the audit committee entered into an inappropriate indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of the company, or its shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against the audit firm.

· · · · ·

Auditor Ratification

Vote FOR proposals to ratify auditors, unless any of the following apply:

 

   

An auditor has a financial interest in or association with the company, and is therefore not independent;

 

   

There is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion which is neither accurate nor indicative of the company’s financial position;

 

   

Poor accounting practices are identified that rise to a serious level of concern, such as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures; or

 

   

Fees for non-audit services (“Other” fees) are excessive.

Non-audit fees are excessive if:

 

   

Non-audit (“other”) fees > audit fees + audit related fees + tax compliance/preparation fees

Tax compliance and preparation include the preparation of original and amended tax returns, refund claims and tax payment planning. All other services in the tax category, such as tax advice, planning or consulting should be added “Other” fees. If the breakout of tax fees cannot be determined, add all tax fees to “Other “ fees.

In circumstances where “Other” fees include fees related to significant one-time capital structure events: initial public offerings, bankruptcy emergence, and spin-offs; and the company makes public disclosure of the amount and nature of those fees which are an exception to the standard “non-audit fee” category, then such fees may be excluded from the non-audit fees considered in determining the ratio of non-audit to audit/audit-related fees/tax compliance and preparation for purposes of determining whether non-audit fees are excessive.

· · · · ·

Shareholder Proposals Limiting Non-Audit Services

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking companies to prohibit or limit their auditors from engaging in non-audit services.

· · · · ·

Shareholder Proposals on Audit Firm Rotation

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking for audit firm rotation, taking into account:

 

   

The tenure of the audit firm;

 

   

The length of rotation specified in the proposal;

 

   

Any significant audit-related issues at the company;

 

   

The number of Audit Committee meetings held each year;

 

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The number of financial experts serving on the committee; and

 

   

Whether the company has a periodic renewal process where the auditor is evaluated for both audit quality and competitive price.

· · · · ·

2. Board of Directors:

Voting on Director Nominees in Uncontested Elections

Votes on director nominees should be determined on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Four fundamental principles apply when determining votes on director nominees:

 

   

Board Accountability: Practices that promote accountability include: transparency into a company’s governance practices; annual board elections; and providing shareholders the ability to remove problematic directors and to vote on takeover defenses or other charter/bylaw amendments. These practices help reduce the opportunity for management entrenchment.

 

   

Board Responsiveness: Directors should be responsive to shareholders, particularly in regard to shareholder proposals that receive a majority vote and to tender offers where a majority of shares are tendered. Furthermore, shareholders should expect directors to devote sufficient time and resources to oversight of the company.

 

   

Director Independence: Without independence from management, the board may be unwilling or unable to effectively set company strategy and scrutinize performance or executive compensation.

 

   

Director Competence: Companies should seek directors who can add value to the board through specific skills or expertise and who can devote sufficient time and commitment to serve effectively. While directors should not be constrained by arbitrary limits such as age or term limits, directors who are unable to attend board and committee meetings and/or who are overextended (i.e. serving on too many boards) raise concern on the director’s ability to effectively serve in shareholders’ best interests.

Board Accountability

Problematic Takeover Defenses

VOTE WITHHOLD/AGAINST1 the entire board of directors (except new nominees2, who should be considered on a CASE-by-CASE basis), if:

 

   

The board is classified, and a continuing director responsible for a problematic governance issue at the board/committee level that would warrant a withhold/against vote recommendation is not up for election — any or all appropriate nominees (except new) may be held accountable;

 

   

The company’s poison pill has a “dead-hand” or “modified dead-hand feature. Vote withhold/against every year until this feature is removed;

 

 

1

In general, companies with a plurality vote standard use “withhold” as the valid contrary vote option in director elections; companies with a majority vote standard use “Against”. However, it will vary by company and the proxy must be checked to determine the valid contrary vote option for the particular company.

2

A “new nominee” is any current nominee who has not already been elected by shareholders and who joined the board after the problematic action in question transpired. If RMG cannot determine whether the nominee joined the board before or after the problematic action transpired, the nominee will be considered a “new nominee” if he or she joined the board within the 12 months prior to the upcoming shareholder meeting.

 

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The board adopts a poison pill with -term aterm pill”), of existing pill, including any “short-term” pill (12 months or less), commitment or policy that puts a newly-adopted pill to a binding shareholder vote may potentially offset an adverse vote recommendation. Review such companies with classified boards every year, and such companies with annually-elected boards at least once every three years, and vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from all nominees if the company still maintains a non-shareholder-approved poison pill. This policy applies to all companies adopting or renewing pills after the announcement of this policy (Nov 19, 2009);

 

   

The board makes a material adverse change to an existing poison pill without shareholder approval.

Vote CASE-By-CASE on all nominees if the board adopts a poison pill with a term of 12 months or less (“short-term pill”) without shareholder approval, taking into account the following factors:

 

   

The date of the pill’s adoption relative to the date of the next meeting of shareholders- i.e. whether the company had time to put the pill on ballot for shareholder ratification given the circumstances;

 

   

The issuer’s rationale;

 

   

The issuer’s governance structure and practices; and

 

   

The issuer’s track record of accountability to shareholders.

Problematic Audit-Related Practices

Generally, vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the Audit Committee if:

 

   

The non-audit fees paid to the auditor are excessive (see discussion under “Auditor Ratification”);

 

   

The company receives an adverse opinion on the company’s financial statements from its auditor; or

 

   

There is persuasive evidence that the audit committee entered into an inappropriate indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of the company, or its shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against the audit firm.

Vote CASE-by-CASE on members of the Audit Committee and/or the full board if:

 

   

Poor accounting practices are identified that rise to a level of serious concern, such as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures. Examine the severity, breadth, chronological sequence and duration, as the company’s efforts at remediation or corrective actions, in determining whether WITHHOLD/AGAINST votes are warranted.

Problematic Compensation Practices

VOTE WITHHOLD/AGAINST the members of the Compensation Committee and potentially the full board if:

 

   

There is a negative correlation between chief executive pay and company performance (see Pay for Performance Policy);

 

   

The company reprices underwater options for stock, cash, or other consideration without prior shareholder approval, even if allowed in the firm’s equity plan;

 

   

The company fails to submit one-time transfers of stock options to a shareholder vote;

 

   

The company fails to fulfill the terms of a burn rate commitment made to shareholders;

 

   

The company has problematic pay practices. Problematic pay practices may warrant withholding votes from the CEO and potentially the entire board as well.

 

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Other Problematic Governance Practices

VOTE WITHHOLD/AGAINST the entire board of directors (except new nominees, who should be considered on a CASE-by-CASE basis), if:

 

   

The company’s proxy indicates that not all directors attended 75 percent of the aggregate board and committee meetings, but fails to provide the required disclosure of the names of the director(s) involved. If this information cannot be obtained, withhold from all incumbent directors;

 

   

The board lacks accountability and oversight, coupled with sustained poor performance relative to peers. Sustained poor performance is measured by one- and three-year total shareholder returns in the bottom half of a company’s four-digit GICS industry group (Russell 3000 companies only). Take into consideration the company’s five-year total shareholder return and five-year operational metrics. Problematic provisions include but are not limited to:

 

  A classified board structure;

 

  A supermajority vote requirement;

 

  Majority vote standard for director elections with no carve out for contested elections;

 

  The inability for shareholders to call special meetings;

 

  The inability for shareholders to act by written consent;

 

  A dual-class structure; and/or

 

  A non-shareholder approved poison pill.

Under extraordinary circumstances, vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from directors individually, committee members, or the entire board, due to:

 

   

Material failures of governance, stewardship, or fiduciary responsibilities at the company;

 

   

Failure to replace management as appropriate; or

 

   

Egregious actions related to the director(s) service on other boards that raise substantial doubt about his or her ability to effectively oversee management and serve the best interests of shareholders at any company.

Board Responsiveness

Vote WITHHOLD/AGAINST the entire board of directors (except new nominees, who should be considered on a CASE-by-CASE basis), if:

 

   

The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval by a majority of the shares outstanding the previous year (a management proposal with other than a FOR recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action taken);

 

   

The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval of the majority of shares cast for the previous two consecutive years (a management proposal with other than a FOR recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action taken);

 

   

The board failed to act on takeover offers where the majority of the shareholders tendered their shares; or

 

   

At the previous board election, any director received more than 50 percent withhold/against votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the issue(s) that caused the high withhold/against vote.

 

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Director Independence

Vote WITHHOLD/AGAINST Inside Directors and Affiliated Outside Directors (per the Categorization of Directors) when:

 

   

The inside or affiliated outside director serves on any of the three key committees: audit, compensation, or nominating;

 

   

The company lacks an audit, compensation, or nominating committee so that the full board functions as that committee;

 

   

The company lacks a formal nominating committee, even if the board attests that the independent directors fulfill the functions of such a committee; or

 

   

The full board is less than majority independent.

Director Competence

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from individual directors who:

 

   

Attend less than 75 percent of the board and committee meetings without a valid excuse, such as illness, service to the nation, work on behalf of the company, or funeral obligations. If the company provides meaningful public or private disclosure explaining the director’s absences, evaluate the information on a CASE-BY-CASE basis taking into account the following factors:

 

  Degree to which absences were due to an unavoidable conflict;

 

  Pattern of absenteeism; and

 

  Other extraordinary circumstances underlying the director’s absence;

 

   

Sit on more than six public company boards;

 

   

Are CEOs of public companies who sit on the boards of more than two public companies besides their own — withhold only at their outside boards.

· · · · ·

2010 RMG Categorization of Directors

 

1. Inside Director (I)

 

  1.1.

Employee of the company or one of its affiliatesi.

 

  1.2. Among the five most highly paid individuals (excluding interim CEO).

 

  1.3.

Listed as an officer as defined under Section 16 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (“section 16 officer”)ii.

 

  1.4. Current interim CEO.

 

  1.5. Beneficial owner of more than 50 percent of the company’s voting power (this may be aggregated if voting power is distributed among more than one member of a defined group).

 

2. Affiliated Outside Director (AO)

Board Attestation

 

  2.1. Board attestation that an outside director is not independent.

Former CEO

 

  2.2.

Former CEO of the companyiii,iv.

 

  2.3.

Former CEO of an acquired company within the past five yearsiv.

 

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  2.4.

Former interim CEO if the service was longer than 18 months. If the service was between twelve and eighteen months an assessment of the interim CEO’s employment agreement will be madev.

Non-CEO Executives

 

  2.5.

Former Section 16 officerii of the company, an affiliatei or an acquired firm within the past five years.

 

  2.6.

Section 16 officerii of a former parent or predecessor firm at the time the company was sold or split off from the parent/predecessor within the past five years.

 

  2.7.

Section 16 officerii, former Section 16 officer, or general or limited partner of a joint venture or partnership with the company.

Family Members

 

  2.8.

Immediate family membervi of a current or former Section 16 officerii of the company or its affiliatesi within the last five years.

 

  2.9.

Immediate family membervi of a current employee of company or its affiliatesi where additional factors raise concern (which may include, but are not limited to, the following: a director related to numerous employees; the company or its affiliates employ relatives of numerous board members; or a non-Section 16 officer in a key strategic role).

Transactional, Professional, Financial, and Charitable Relationships

 

  2.10.

Currently provides (or an immediate family membervi provides) professional servicesvii to the company, to an affiliatei of the company or an individual officer of the company or one of its affiliates in excess of $10,000 per year.

 

  2.11.

Is (or an immediate family membervi is) a partner in, or a controlling shareholder or an employee of, an organization which provides professional servicesvii to the company, to an affiliatei of the company, or an individual officer of the company or one of its affiliates in excess of $10,000 per year.

 

  2.12.

Has (or an immediate family membervi has) any material transactional relationshipviii with the company or its affiliatesi (excluding investments in the company through a private placement).

 

  2.13.

Is (or an immediate family membervi is) a partner in, or a controlling shareholder or an executive officer of, an organization which has any material transactional relationshipviii with the company or its affiliatesi (excluding investments in the company through a private placement).

 

  2.14.

Is (or an immediate family membervi is) a trustee, director, or employee of a charitable or non-profit organization that receives material grants or endowmentsviii from the company or its affiliatesi.

Other Relationships

 

  2.15.

Party to a voting agreementix to vote in line with management on proposals being brought to shareholder vote.

 

  2.16.

Has (or an immediate family membervi has) an interlocking relationship as defined by the SEC involving members of the board of directors or its Compensation Committeex.

 

  2.17.

Founderxi of the company but not currently an employee.

 

  2.18.

Any materialxii relationship with the company.

 

3. Independent Outside Director (IO)

 

  3.1.

No materialxii connection to the company other than a board seat.

Footnotes:

i

“Affiliate” includes a subsidiary, sibling company, or the parent company. RMG uses 50 percent control ownership by the parent company as the standard for applying its affiliate designation.

 

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ii

“Section 16 officer” (officers subject to Section 16 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934) includes the chief executive, operating, financial, legal, technology, and accounting officers of a company (including the president, treasurer, secretary, controller, or any vice president in charge of a principal business unit, division, or policy function). A non-employee director serving as an officer due to statutory requirements (e.g. corporate secretary) will be classified as an Affiliated Outsider. If the company provides explicit disclosure that the director is not receiving additional compensation in excess of $10,000 per year for serving in that capacity, then the director will be classified as an Independent Outsider.

iii

Includes any former CEO of the company prior to the company’s initial public offering (IPO).

iv

When there is a former CEO of a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) serving on the board of an acquired company, RMG will generally classify such directors as independent unless determined otherwise taking into account the following factors: the applicable listing standards determination of such director’s independence; any operating ties to the firm; and the existence of any other conflicting relationships or related party transactions.

v

RMG will look at the terms of the interim CEO’s employment contract to determine if it contains serverance pay, long-term health and pension benefits, or other such standard provisions typically contained in contracts of permanent, non-temporary CEOs. RMG will also consider if a formal search process was underway for a full-time CEO at the time.

vi

“Immediate family member” follows the SEC’s definition of such and cover spouses, parents, children, step-parents, step-children, siblings, in-laws, and any person (other than a tenant or employee) sharing the household of any director, nominee for director, executive officer, or significant shareholder of the company.

vii

Professional services can be characterized as advisory in nature, generally involve access to sensitive company information or to strategic decision-making, and typically have a commission- or fee-based payment structure. Professional services generally include, but are not limited to the following: investment banking/financial advisory services; commercial banking (beyond deposit services); investment services; insurance services; accounting/audit services; consulting services; marketing services; legal services; property management services; realtor services; lobbying services; executive search services; and IT consulting services. The following would generally be considered transactional relationships and not professional services: deposit services; IT tech support services; educational services; and construction services. The case of participation in a banking syndicate by a non-lead bank should be considered a transactional (and hence subject to the associated materiality test) rather than a professional relationship. “Of Counsel” relationships are only considered immaterial if the individual does not receive any form of compensation (in excess of $10,000 per year) from, or is a retired partner of, the firm providing the professional service. The case of a company providing a professional service to one of its directors or to an entity with which one of its directors is affiliated, will be considered a transactional rather than a professional relationship. Insurance services and marketing services are assumed to be professional services unless the company explains why such services are not advisory.

viii

A material transactional relationship, including grants to non-profit organizations, exists if the company makes annual payments to, or receives annual payments from, another entity exceeding the greater of $200,000 or 5 percent of the recipient’s gross revenues, in the case of a company which follows NASDAQ listing standards; or the greater of $1,000,000 or 2 percent of the recipient’s gross revenues, in the case of a company which follows NYSE/Amex listing standards. In the case of a company which follows neither of the preceding standards, RMG will apply the NASDAQ-based materiality test. (The recipient is the party receiving the financial proceeds from the transaction).

ix

Dissident directors who are parties to a voting agreement pursuant to a settlement arrangement, will generally be classified as independent unless determined otherwise taking into account the following factors: the terms of the agreement; the duration of the standstill provision in the agreement; the limitations and requirements of actions that are agreed upon; if the dissident director nominee(s) is subject to the standstill; and if there any conflicting relationships or related party transactions.

x

Interlocks include: executive officers serving as directors on each other’s compensation or similar committees (or, in the absence of such a committee, on the board); or executive officers sitting on each other’s boards and at least one serves on the other’s compensation or similar committees (or in the absence of such a committee on the board).

 

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xi

The operating involvement of the founder with the company will be considered. Little to no operating involvement may cause RMG to deem the founder as an independent outsider.

xii

For purposes of RMG’s director independence classification, “material” will be defined as a standard of relationship (financial, personal or otherwise) that a reasonable person might conclude could potentially influence one’s objectivity in the boardroom in a manner that would have a meaningful impact on an individual’s ability to satisfy requisite fiduciary standards on behalf of shareholders.

· · · · ·

Board-Related Management Proposals

Age Limits

Vote AGAINST management proposal to limit the tenure of outside directors through mandatory retirement ages.

· · · · ·

Board Size

Vote FOR proposals seeking to fix the board size or designate a range for the board size.

Vote AGAINST proposals that give management the ability to alter the size of the board outside of a specified range without shareholder approval.

· · · · ·

Classification/Declassification of the Board

Vote AGAINST proposals to classify (stagger) the board.

Vote FOR proposals to repeal classified boards and to elect all directors annually.

· · · · ·

Cumulative Voting

Generally vote AGAINST proposals to eliminate cumulative voting.

· · · · ·

Director and Officer Indemnification and Liability Protection

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals on director and officer indemnification and liability protection using Delaware law as the standard.

Vote AGAINST proposals to eliminate entirely directors’ and officers’ liability for monetary damages for violating the duty of care.

Vote AGAINST indemnification proposals that would expand coverage beyond just legal expenses to liability for acts, such as negligence, that are more serious violations of fiduciary obligation than mere carelessness.

Vote AGAINST proposals that would expand the scope of indemnification to provide for mandatory indemnification of company officials in connection with acts that previously the company was permitted to provide indemnification for at the discretion of the company’s board (i.e., “permissive indemnification”) but that previously the company was not required to indemnify.

 

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Vote FOR only those proposals providing such expanded coverage in cases when a director’s or officer’s legal defense was unsuccessful if both of the following apply:

 

   

If the director was found to have acted in good faith and in a manner that he reasonably believed was in the best interests of the company; and

 

   

If only the director’s legal expenses would be covered.

· · · · ·

Establish/Amend Nominee Qualifications

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals that establish or amend director qualifications. Votes should be based on how reasonable the criteria are and to what degree they may preclude dissident nominees from joining the board.

· · · · ·

Filling Vacancies/Removal of Directors

Vote AGAINST proposals that provide that directors may be removed only for cause.

Vote FOR proposals to restore shareholders’ ability to remove directors with or without cause.

Vote AGAINST proposals that provide that only continuing directors may elect replacements to fill board vacancies.

Vote FOR proposals that permit shareholders to elect directors to fill board vacancies.

· · · · ·

Majority Vote Threshold for Director Elections

Generally vote FOR management proposals to adopt a majority of votes cast standard for directors in uncontested elections. Vote AGAINST if no carve-out for plurality in contested elections is included.

· · · · ·

Term Limits

Vote AGAINST management proposals to limit the tenure of outside directors through term limits. However, scrutinize boards where the average tenure of all directors exceeds 15 years for independence from management and for sufficient turnover to ensure that new perspectives are being added to the board.

· · · · ·

Board-Related Shareholder Proposals/Initiatives

Age Limits

Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals to limit the tenure of outside directors through mandatory retirement ages.

· · · · ·

Annual Election (Declassification) of the Board

Vote FOR shareholder proposals to repeal classified (staggered) boards and to elect all directors annually.

· · · · ·

 

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Cumulative Voting

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals to restore or provide for cumulative voting unless:

 

   

The company has proxy access or a similar structure3 to allow shareholders to nominate directors to the company’s ballot; and

 

   

The company has adopted a majority vote standard, with a carve-out for plurality voting in situations where there are more nominees than seats, and a director resignation policy to address failed elections.

Vote FOR proposals for cumulative voting at controlled companies (insider voting power > 50%).

· · · · ·

Establish/Amend Nominee Qualifications

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals that establish or amend director qualifications. Votes should be based on the reasonableness of the criteria and to what degree they may preclude dissident nominees from joining the board.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder resolutions seeking a director nominee candidate who possesses a particular subject matter expertise, considering:

 

   

The company’s board committee structure, existing subject matter expertise, and board nomination provisions relative to that of its peers;

 

   

The company’s existing board and management oversight mechanisms regarding the issue for which board oversight is sought;

 

   

The company disclosure and performance relating to the issue for which board oversight is sought and any significant related controversies; and

 

   

The scope and structure of the proposal.

· · · · ·

Establishment of Board Committees Shareholder Proposals

Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals to establish a new board committee, as such proposals seek a specific oversight mechanism/structure that potentially limits a company’s flexibility to determine an appropriate oversight mechanism for itself. However, the following factors will be considered:

 

   

Existing oversight mechanisms (including current committee structure) regarding the issue for which board oversight is sought;

 

   

Level of disclosure regarding the issue for which board oversight is sought;

 

   

Company performance related to the issue for which board oversight is sought;

 

   

Board committee structure compared to that of other companies in its industry sector; and/or

 

   

The scope and structure of the proposal.

· · · · ·

Establishment of Board Policy on Shareholder Engagement

Generally vote FOR shareholders proposals requesting that the board establish an internal mechanism/process, which may include a committee, in order to improve communications between directors and shareholders, unless the company has the following features, as appropriate:

 

   

Established a communication structure that goes beyond the exchange requirements to facilitate the exchange of information between shareholders and members of the board;

 

 

3

Similar structure” would be a structure that allows shareholders to nominate candidates who the company will include on the management ballot IN ADDITION TO management’s nominees, and their bios are included in management’s proxy.

 

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Effectively disclosed information with respect to this structure to its shareholders;

 

   

Company has not ignored majority-supported shareholder proposals or a majority withhold vote on a director nominee; and

 

   

The company has an independent chairman or a lead director, according to RMG’s definition. This individual must be made available for periodic consultation and direct communication with major shareholders.

· · · · ·

Filling Vacancies/Removal of Directors

Vote AGAINST proposals that provide that directors may be removed only for cause.

Vote FOR proposals to restore shareholders’ ability to remove directors with or without cause.

Vote AGAINST proposals that provide that only continuing directors may elect replacements to fill board vacancies.

Vote FOR proposals that permit shareholders to elect directors to fill board vacancies.

· · · · ·

Independent Chair (Separate Chair/CEO)

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requiring that the chairman’s position be filled by an independent director, unless the company satisfies all of the following criteria:

The company maintains the following counterbalancing governance structure:

 

   

Designated lead director, elected by and from the independent board members with clearly delineated and comprehensive duties. (The role may alternatively reside with a presiding director, vice chairman, or rotating lead director; however the director must serve a minimum of one year in order to qualify as a lead director.) The duties should include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

  presides at all meetings of the board at which the chairman is not present, including executive sessions of the independent directors;

 

  serves as liaison between the chairman and the independent directors;

 

  approves information sent to the board;

 

  approves meeting agendas for the board;

 

  approves meeting schedules to assure that there is sufficient time for discussion of all agenda items;

 

  has the authority to call meetings of the independent directors;

 

  if requested by major shareholders, ensures that he is available for consultation and direct communication;

 

   

Two-thirds independent board;

 

   

All independent key committees;

 

   

Established governance guidelines;

 

   

A company in the Russell 3000 universe must not have exhibited sustained poor total shareholder return (TSR) performance, defined as one- and three-year TSR in the bottom half of the company’s

 

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four-digit GICS industry group (using Russell 3000 companies only), unless there has been a change in the Chairman/CEO position within that time. For companies not in the Russell 3000 universe, the company must not have underperformed both its peers and index on the basis of both one-year and three-year total shareholder returns, unless there has been a change in the Chairman/CEO position within that time;

 

   

The company does not have any problematic governance or management issues, examples of which include, but are not limited to:

 

  Egregious compensation practices;

 

  Multiple related-party transactions or other issues putting director independence at risk;

 

  Corporate and/or management scandals;

 

  Excessive problematic corporate governance provisions; or

 

  Flagrant actions by management or the board with potential or realized negative impacts on shareholders.

· · · · ·

Majority of Independent Directors/Establishment of Independent Committees

Vote FOR shareholder proposals asking that a majority or more of directors be independent unless the board composition already meets the proposed threshold by RMG’s definition of independent outsider. (See Categorization of Directors.)

Vote FOR shareholder proposals asking that board audit, compensation, and/or nominating committees be composed exclusively of independent directors if they currently do not meet that standard.

· · · · ·

Majority Vote Shareholder Proposals

Generally vote FOR precatory and binding resolutions requesting that the board change the company ‘s bylaws to stipulate that directors need to be elected with an affirmative majority of votes cast, provided it does not conflict with the state law where the company is incorporated. Binding resolutions need to allow for a carve-out for a plurality vote standard when there are more nominees than board seats.

Companies are strongly encouraged to also adopt a post-election policy (also know as a director resignation policy) that will provide guidelines so that the company will promptly address the situation of a holdover director.

· · · · ·

Open Access (Proxy Access)

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking for open or proxy access, taking into account:

 

   

The ownership threshold proposed in the resolution;

 

   

The proponent’s rationale for the proposal at the targeted company in terms of board and director conduct.

· · · · ·

 

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Proxy Contests- Voting for Director Nominees in Contested Elections

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the election of directors in contested elections, considering the following factors:

 

   

Long-term financial performance of the target company relative to its industry;

 

   

Management’s track record;

 

   

Background to the proxy contest;

 

   

Qualifications of director nominees (both slates);

 

   

Strategic plan of dissident slate and quality of critique against management;

 

   

Likelihood that the proposed goals and objectives can be achieved (both slates);

 

   

Stock ownership positions.

· · · · ·

Require More Nominees than Open Seats

Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals that would require a company to nominate more candidates than the number of open board seats.

· · · · ·

Term Limits

Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals to limit the tenure of outside directors through term limits. However, scrutinize boards where the average tenure of all directors exceeds 15 years for independence from management and for sufficient turnover to ensure that new perspectives are being added to the board.

· · · · ·

Vote No Campaigns

In cases where companies are targeted in connection with public “vote no” campaigns, evaluate director nominees under the existing governance policies for voting on director nominees in uncontested elections. Take into consideration the arguments submitted by shareholders and other publicly-available information.

· · · · ·

3. Shareholder Rights & Defenses

Advance Notice Requirements for Shareholder Proposals/Nominations

Vote CASE-BY-CASE basis on advance notice proposals, giving support to those proposals which allow shareholders to submit proposals/nominations as close to the meeting date as reasonably possible and within the broadest window possible, recognizing the need to allow sufficient notice for company, regulatory and shareholder review.

To be reasonable, the company’s deadline for shareholder notice of a proposal/nominations must not be more than 60 days prior to the meeting, with a submittal window of at least 30 days prior to the deadline. The submittal window is the period under which a shareholder must file his proposal/nominations prior to the deadline.

 

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In general, support additional efforts by companies to ensure full disclosure in regard to a proponent’s economic and voting position in the company so long as the informational requirements are reasonable and aimed at providing shareholders with the necessary information to review such proposals.

· · · · ·

Amend Bylaws without Shareholder Consent

Vote AGAINST proposals giving the board exclusive authority to amend the bylaws.

Vote FOR proposals giving the board the ability to amend the bylaws in addition to shareholders.

· · · · ·

Confidential Voting

Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that corporations adopt confidential voting, use independent vote tabulators, and use independent inspectors of election, as long as the proposal includes a provision for proxy contests as follows: In the case of a contested election, management should be permitted to request that the dissident group honor its confidential voting policy. If the dissidents agree, the policy remains in place. If the dissidents will not agree, the confidential voting policy is waived.

Vote FOR management proposals to adopt confidential voting.

· · · · ·

Control Share Acquisition Provisions

Control share acquisition statutes function by denying shares their voting rights when they contribute to ownership in excess of certain thresholds. Voting rights for those shares exceeding ownership limits may only be restored by approval of either a majority or supermajority of disinterested shares. Thus, control share acquisition statutes effectively require a hostile bidder to put its offer to a shareholder vote or risk voting disenfranchisement if the bidder continues buying up a large block of shares.

Vote FOR proposals to opt out of control share acquisition statutes unless doing so would enable the completion of a takeover that would be detrimental to shareholders.

Vote AGAINST proposals to amend the charter to include control share acquisition provisions.

Vote FOR proposals to restore voting rights to the control shares.

· · · · ·

Control Share Cash-Out Provisions

Control share cash-out statutes give dissident shareholders the right to “cash-out” of their position in a company at the expense of the shareholder who has taken a control position. In other words, when an investor crosses a preset threshold level, remaining shareholders are given the right to sell their shares to the acquirer, who must buy them at the highest acquiring price.

Vote FOR proposals to opt out of control share cash-out statutes.

· · · · ·

 

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Disgorgement Provisions

Disgorgement provisions require an acquirer or potential acquirer of more than a certain percentage of a company’s stock to disgorge, or pay back, to the company any profits realized from the sale of that company’s stock purchased 24 months before achieving control status. All sales of company stock by the acquirer occurring within a certain period of time (between 18 months and 24 months) prior to the investor’s gaining control status are subject to these recapture-of-profits provisions.

Vote FOR proposals to opt out of state disgorgement provisions.

· · · · ·

Fair Price Provisions

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to adopt fair price provisions (provisions that stipulate that an acquirer must pay the same price to acquire all shares as it paid to acquire the control shares), evaluating factors such as the vote required to approve the proposed acquisition, the vote required to repeal the fair price provision, and the mechanism for determining the fair price.

Generally, vote AGAINST fair price provisions with shareholder vote requirements greater than a majority of disinterested shares.

· · · · ·

Freeze-Out Provisions

Vote FOR proposals to opt out of state freeze-out provisions. Freeze-out provisions force an investor who surpasses a certain ownership threshold in a company to wait a specified period of time before gaining control of the company.

· · · · ·

Greenmail

Greenmail payments are targeted share repurchases by management of company stock from individuals or groups seeking control of the company. Since only the hostile party receives payment, usually at a substantial premium over the market value of its shares, the practice discriminates against all other shareholders.

Vote FOR proposals to adopt anti-greenmail charter or bylaw amendments or otherwise restrict a company’s ability to make greenmail payments.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on anti-greenmail proposals when they are bundled with other charter or bylaw amendments.

· · · · ·

Net Operating Loss (NOL) Protective Amendments

For management proposals to adopt a protective amendment for the stated purpose of protecting a company’s net operating losses (“NOLs”), the following factors should be considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis:

 

   

The ownership threshold (NOL protective amendments generally prohibit stock ownership transfers that would result in a new 5-percent holder or increase the stock ownership percentage of an existing five-percent holder);

 

   

The value of the NOLs;

 

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Shareholder protection mechanisms (sunset provision or commitment to cause expiration of the protective amendment upon exhaustion or expiration of the NOL);

 

   

The company’s existing governance structure including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, track record of responsiveness to shareholders, and any other problematic governance concerns; and

 

   

Any other factors that may be applicable.

· · · · ·

Poison Pills- Shareholder Proposals to put Pill to a Vote and/or Adopt a Pill Policy

Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that the company submit its poison pill to a shareholder vote or redeem it UNLESS the company has: (1) A shareholder approved poison pill in place; or (2) The company has adopted a policy concerning the adoption of a pill in the future specifying that the board will only adopt a shareholder rights plan if either:

 

   

Shareholders have approved the adoption of the plan; or

 

   

The board, in its exercise of its fiduciary responsibilities, determines that it is in the best interest of shareholders under the circumstances to adopt a pill without the delay in adoption that would result from seeking stockholder approval (i.e., the “fiduciary out” provision). A poison pill adopted under this fiduciary out will be put to a shareholder ratification vote within 12 months of adoption or expire. If the pill is not approved by a majority of the votes cast on this issue, the plan will immediately terminate.

If the shareholder proposal calls for a time period of less than 12 months for shareholder ratification after adoption, vote FOR the proposal, but add the caveat that a vote within 12 months would be considered sufficient implementation.

· · · · ·

Poison Pills- Management Proposals to Ratify Poison Pill

Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals on poison pill ratification, focusing on the features of the shareholder rights plan. Rights plans should contain the following attributes:

 

   

No lower than a 20% trigger, flip-in or flip-over;

 

   

A term of no more than three years;

 

   

No dead-hand, slow-hand, no-hand or similar feature that limits the ability of a future board to redeem the pill;

 

   

Shareholder redemption feature (qualifying offer clause); if the board refuses to redeem the pill 90 days after a qualifying offer is announced, 10 percent of the shares may call a special meeting or seek a written consent to vote on rescinding the pill.

In addition, the rationale for adopting the pill should be thoroughly explained by the company. In examining the request for the pill, take into consideration the company’s existing governance structure, including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, and any problematic governance concerns.

· · · · ·

 

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Poison Pills- Management Proposals to ratify a Pill to preserve Net Operating Losses (NOLs)

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals for poison pill ratification. For management proposals to adopt a poison pill for the stated purpose of preserving a company’s net operating losses (“NOLs”), the following factors are considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis:

 

   

The ownership threshold to transfer (NOL pills generally have a trigger slightly below 5%);

 

   

The value of the NOLs;

 

   

The term;

 

   

Shareholder protection mechanisms (sunset provision, or commitment to cause expiration of the pill upon exhaustion or expiration of NOLs);

 

   

The company’s existing governance structure including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, track record of responsiveness to shareholders, and any other problematic governance concerns; and

 

   

Any other factors that may be applicable.

· · · · ·

Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses. When voting in conjunction with support of a dissident slate, vote FOR the reimbursement of all appropriate proxy solicitation expenses associated with the election.

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for the reimbursement of reasonable costs incurred in connection with nominating one or more candidates in a contested election where the following apply:

 

   

The election of fewer than 50% of the directors to be elected is contested in the election;

 

   

One or more of the dissident’s candidates is elected;

 

   

Shareholders are not permitted to cumulate their votes for directors; and

 

   

The election occurred, and the expenses were incurred, after the adoption of this bylaw.

· · · · ·

Reincorporation Proposals

Management or shareholder proposals to change a company’s state of incorporation should be evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, giving consideration to both financial and corporate governance concerns including the following:

 

   

Reasons for reincorporation;

 

   

Comparison of company’s governance practices and provisions prior to and following the reincorporation; and

 

   

Comparison of corporation laws of original state and destination state

Vote FOR reincorporation when the economic factors outweigh any neutral or negative governance changes.

· · · · ·

 

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Shareholder Ability to Act by Written Consent

Vote AGAINST management and shareholder proposals to restrict of prohibit shareholders’ to act by written consent.

Generally vote FOR management and shareholder proposals that provide shareholders with the ability to act by written consent taking into account the following factors:

 

   

Shareholders’ current right to act by written consent;

 

   

Consent threshold;

 

   

The inclusion of exclusionary or prohibitive language;

 

   

Investor ownership structure; and

 

   

Shareholder support of and management’s response to previous shareholder proposals.

· · · · ·

Shareholder Ability to Call Special Meetings

Vote AGAINST management or shareholder proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholders’ ability to call special meetings.

Generally vote FOR management or shareholder proposals that provide shareholders with the ability to call special meetings taking into account the following factors:

 

   

Shareholders’ current right to call special meetings;

 

   

Minimum ownership threshold necessary to call special meetings (10% preferred);

 

   

The inclusion of exclusionary or prohibitive language;

 

   

Investor ownership structure; and

 

   

Shareholder support of and management’s response to previous shareholder proposals.

· · · · ·

Stakeholder Provisions

Vote AGAINST proposals that ask the board to consider non-shareholder constituencies or other non-financial effects when evaluating a merger or business combination.

· · · · ·

State Antitakeover Statutes

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to opt in or out of state takeover statutes (including control share acquisition statutes, control share cash-out statutes, freeze-out provisions, fair price provisions, stakeholder laws, poison pill endorsements, severance pay and labor contract provisions, anti-greenmail provisions, and disgorgement provisions).

· · · · ·

 

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Supermajority Vote Requirements

Vote AGAINST proposals to require a supermajority shareholder vote.

Vote FOR management or shareholder proposals to reduce supermajority vote requirements. However, for companies with shareholder(s) who have significant ownership levels, vote CASE-BY-CASE, taking into account:

 

   

Ownership structure;

 

   

Quorum requirements; and

 

   

Supermajority vote requirements.

· · · · ·

4. CAPITAL/RESTRUCTURING

Capital

Adjustments to Par Value of Common Stock

Vote FOR management proposals to reduce the par value of common stock.

· · · · ·

Common Stock Authorization

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance. Take into account company-specific factors which include, at a minimum, the following:

 

   

Past Board Performance:

 

   

The company’s use of authorized shares during the last three years;

 

   

One- and three-year total shareholder return; and

 

   

The board’s governance structure and practices;

 

   

The Current Request:

 

   

Disclosure in the proxy statement of the specific reasons for the proposed increase;

 

   

The dilutive impact of the request as determined through an allowable cap generated by

 

   

RiskMetrics’ quantitative model, which examines the company’s need for shares and its three-year total shareholder return; and

 

   

Risks to shareholders of not approving the request.

Vote AGAINST proposals at companies with more than one class of common stock to increase the number of authorized shares of the class that has superior voting rights.

· · · · ·

Issue Stock for Use with Rights Plan

Vote AGAINST proposals that increase authorized common stock for the explicit purpose of implementing a non-shareholder approved shareholder rights plan (poison pill).

· · · · ·

 

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Preemptive Rights

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals that seek preemptive rights, taking into consideration: the size of a company, the characteristics of its shareholder base, and the liquidity of the stock.

· · · · ·

Preferred Stock

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of shares of preferred stock authorized for issuance. Take into account company-specific factors that include, at a minimum, the following:

 

   

Past Board Performance:

 

   

The company’s use of authorized preferred shares during the last three years;

 

   

One- and three-year total shareholder return; and

 

   

The board’s governance structure and practices;

 

   

The Current Request:

 

   

Disclosure in the proxy statement of specific reasons for the proposed increase;

 

   

In cases where the company has existing authorized preferred stock, the dilutive impact of the request as determined through an allowable cap generated by RiskMetrics’ quantitative model, which examines the company’s need for shares and three-year total shareholder return;

 

   

Whether the shares requested are blank check preferred shares, and whether they are declawed.

Vote AGAINST proposals at companies with more than one class or series of preferred stock to increase the number of authorized shares of the class or series that has superior voting rights.

· · · · ·

Recapitalization

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on recapitalizations (reclassifications of securities), taking into account the following:

 

   

More simplified capital structure;

 

   

Enhanced liquidity;

 

   

Fairness of conversion terms;

 

   

Impact on voting power and dividends;

 

   

Reasons for the reclassification;

 

   

Conflicts of interest; and

 

   

Other alternatives considered.

· · · · ·

Reverse Stock Splits

Vote FOR management proposals to implement a reverse stock split when the number of authorized shares will be proportionately reduced.

Vote FOR management proposals to implement a reverse stock split to avoid delisting.

 

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Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to implement a reverse stock split that do not proportionately reduce the number of shares authorized for issue based on the allowable increased calculated using the Capital Structure model.

· · · · ·

Share Repurchase Programs

Vote FOR management proposals to institute open-market share repurchase plans in which all shareholders may participate on equal terms.

· · · · ·

Stock Distributions: Splits and Dividends

Vote FOR management proposals to increase the common share authorization for a stock split or share dividend, provided that the increase in authorized shares would not result in an excessive number of shares available for issuance as determined using a model developed by RMG.

· · · · ·

Tracking Stock

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the creation of tracking stock, weighing the strategic value of the transaction against such factors as:

 

   

Adverse governance changes;

 

   

Excessive increases in authorized capital stock;

 

   

Unfair method of distribution;

 

   

Diminution of voting rights;

 

   

Adverse conversion features;

 

   

Negative impact on stock option plans; and

 

   

Alternatives such as spin-off.

· · · · ·

Restructuring

Appraisal Rights

Vote FOR proposals to restore, or provide shareholders with rights of appraisal.

· · · · ·

Asset Purchases

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on asset purchase proposals, considering the following factors:

 

   

Purchase price;

 

   

Fairness opinion;

 

   

Financial and strategic benefits;

 

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How the deal was negotiated;

 

   

Conflicts of interest; Other alternatives for the business;

 

   

Non-completion risk.

· · · · ·

Asset Sales

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on asset sales, considering the following factors:

 

   

Impact on the balance sheet/working capital;

 

   

Potential elimination of diseconomies;

 

   

Anticipated financial and operating benefits;

 

   

Anticipated use of funds;

 

   

Value received for the asset;

 

   

Fairness opinion;

 

   

How the deal was negotiated;

 

   

Conflicts of interest.

· · · · ·

Bundled Proposals

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on bundled or “conditional” proxy proposals. In the case of items that are conditioned upon each other, examine the benefits and costs of the packaged items. In instances when the joint effect of the conditioned items is not in shareholders’ best interests, vote AGAINST the proposals. In the combined effect is positive, support such proposals.

· · · · ·

Conversion of Securities

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals regarding conversion of securities. When evaluating these proposals the investor should review the dilution to existing shareholders, the conversion price relative to market value, financial issues, control issues, termination penalties, and conflicts of interest.

Vote FOR the conversion if it is expected that the company will be subject to onerous penalties or will be forced to file for bankruptcy if the transaction is not approved.

· · · · ·

Corporate Reorganization/Debt Restructuring/Prepackaged Bankruptcy Plans/Reverse Leveraged Buyouts/Wrap Plans

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase common and/or preferred shares and to issue shares as part of a debt restructuring plan, taking into consideration the following:

 

   

Dilution to existing shareholders’ position;

 

   

Terms of the offer;

 

   

Financial issues;

 

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Management’s efforts to pursue other alternatives;

 

   

Control issues;

 

   

Conflicts of interest.

Vote FOR the debt restructuring if it is expected that the company will file for bankruptcy if the transaction is not approved.

· · · · ·

Formation of Holding Company

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals regarding the formation of a holding company, taking into consideration the following:

 

   

The reasons for the change;

 

   

Any financial or tax benefits;

 

   

Regulatory benefits;

 

   

Increases in capital structure;

 

   

Changes to the articles of incorporation or bylaws of the company.

Absent compelling financial reasons to recommend the transaction, vote AGAINST the formation of a holding company if the transaction would include either of the following:

 

   

Increases in common or preferred stock in excess of the allowable maximum (see discussion under “Capital Structure”);

 

   

Adverse changes in shareholder rights.

· · · · ·

Going Private and Going Dark Transactions (LBOs and Minority Squeeze-outs)

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on going private transactions, taking into account the following:

 

   

Offer price/premium;

 

   

Fairness opinion;

 

   

How the deal was negotiated;

 

   

Conflicts of interest;

 

   

Other alternatives/offers considered; and

 

   

Non-completion risk.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on “going dark” transactions, determining whether the transaction enhances shareholder value by taking into consideration:

 

   

Whether the company has attained benefits from being publicly-traded (examination of trading volume, liquidity, and market research of the stock);

 

   

Balanced interests of continuing vs. cashed-out shareholders, taking into account the following:

 

  Are all shareholders able to participate in the transaction?

 

  Will there be a liquid market for remaining shareholders following the transaction?

 

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  Does the company have strong corporate governance?

 

  Will insiders reap the gains of control following the proposed transaction?

 

  Does the state of incorporation have laws requiring continued reporting that may benefit shareholders?

· · · · ·

Joint Ventures

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to form joint ventures, taking into account the following:

 

   

Percentage of assets/business contributed;

 

   

Percentage ownership;

 

   

Financial and strategic benefits;

 

   

Governance structure;

 

   

Conflicts of interest;

 

   

Other alternatives;

 

   

Noncompletion risk.

· · · · ·

Liquidations

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on liquidations, taking into account the following:

 

   

Management’s efforts to pursue other alternatives;

 

   

Appraisal value of assets; and

 

   

The compensation plan for executives managing the liquidation.

Vote FOR the liquidation if the company will file for bankruptcy if the proposal is not approved.

· · · · ·

Mergers and Acquisitions

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and acquisitions. Review and evaluate the merits and drawbacks of the proposed transaction, balancing various and sometimes countervailing factors including:

 

   

Valuation — Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness opinion may provide an initial starting point for assessing valuation reasonableness, emphasis is placed on the offer premium, market reaction and strategic rationale.

 

   

Market reaction — How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative market reaction should cause closer scrutiny of a deal.

 

   

Strategic rationale — Does the deal make sense strategically? From where is the value derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be overly aggressive or optimistic, but reasonably achievable. Management should also have a favorable track record of successful integration of historical acquisitions.

 

   

Negotiations and process — Were the terms of the transaction negotiated at arm’s-length? Was the process fair and equitable? A fair process helps to ensure the best price for shareholders. Significant

 

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negotiation “wins” can also signify the deal makers’ competency. The comprehensiveness of the sales process (e.g., full auction, partial auction, no auction) can also affect shareholder value.

 

   

Conflicts of interest — Are insiders benefiting from the transaction disproportionately and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders? As the result of potential conflicts, the directors and officers of the company may be more likely to vote to approve a merger than if they did not hold these interests. Consider whether these interests may have influenced these directors and officers to support or recommend the merger. The CIC figure presented in the “RMG Transaction Summary” section of this report is an aggregate figure that can in certain cases be a misleading indicator of the true value transfer from shareholders to insiders. Where such figure appears to be excessive, analyze the underlying assumptions to determine whether a potential conflict exists.

 

   

Governance — Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than the current governance profiles of the respective parties to the transaction? If the governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden is on the company to prove that other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance.

· · · · ·

Plans of Reorganization (Bankruptcy)

Vote CASE-BY-CASE basis on proposals to common shareholders on bankruptcy plans of reorganization, considering the following factors including, but not limited to:

 

   

Estimated value and financial prospects of the reorganized company;

 

   

Percentage ownership of current shareholders in the reorganized company;

 

   

Whether shareholders are adequately represented in the reorganization process (particularly through the existence of an Official Equity Committee);

 

   

The cause(s) of the bankruptcy filing, and the extent to which the plan of reorganization addresses the cause(s);

 

   

Existence of a superior alternative to the plan of reorganization; and

 

   

Governance of the reorganized company.

· · · · ·

Private Placements/Warrants/Convertible Debentures

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals regarding private placements taking into consideration:

 

  1. Dilution to existing shareholders’ position.

 

  The amount and timing of shareholder ownership dilution should be weighed against the needs and proposed shareholder benefits of the capital infusion.

 

  2. Terms of the offer — discount/premium in purchase price to investor, including any fairness opinion; conversion features; termination penalties; exit strategy.

 

  The terms of the offer should be weighed against the alternatives of the company and in light of company’s financial issues.

 

  When evaluating the magnitude of a private placement discount or premium, RiskMetrics will consider whether it is affected by liquidity, due diligence, control and monitoring issues, capital scarcity, information asymmetry and anticipation of future performance.

 

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  3. Financial issues include but are not limited to examining the following:

 

  Company’s financial situation;

 

  Degree of need for capital;

 

  Use of proceeds;

 

  Effect of the financing on the company’s cost of capital;

 

  Current and proposed cash burn rate; and

 

  Going concern viability and the state of the capital and credit markets.

 

  4. Management’s efforts to pursue alternatives and whether the company engaged in a process to evaluate alternatives. A fair, unconstrained process helps to ensure the best price for shareholders. Financing alternatives can include joint ventures, partnership, merger or sale of part or all of the company.

 

  5. Control issues:

 

  Change in management;

 

  Change in control,

 

  Guaranteed board and committee seats;

 

  Standstill provisions;

 

  Voting agreements;

 

  Veto power over certain corporate actions.

Minority versus majority ownership and corresponding minority discount or majority control premium

 

  6. Conflicts of interest

 

  Conflicts of interest should be viewed from the perspective of the company and the investor.

 

  Were the terms of the transaction negotiated at arm’s-length? Are managerial incentives aligned with shareholder interests?

 

  7. Market reaction

 

  The market’s response to the proposed deal. A negative market reaction is a cause for concern. Market reaction may be addressed by analyzing the one day impact on the unaffected stock price.

Vote FOR the private placement if it is expected that the company will file for bankruptcy if the transaction is not approved.

· · · · ·

Special Purpose Acquisition Corporations (SPACs)

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on SPAC mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following:

 

   

Valuation — Is the value being paid by the SPAC reasonable? SPACs generally lack an independent fairness opinion and the financials on the target may be limited. Compare the conversion price with the intrinsic value of the target company provided in the fairness opinion. Also, evaluate the proportionate value of the combined entity attributable to the SPAC IPO shareholders versus the pre-merger value of SPAC. Additionally, a private company discount may be applied to the target, if it is a private entity.

 

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Market reaction — How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative market reaction may be a cause for concern. Market reaction may be addressed by analyzing the one-day impact on the unaffected stock price.

 

   

Deal timing — A main driver for most transactions is that the SPAC charter typically requires the deal to be complete within 18 to 24 months, or the SPAC is to be liquidated. Evaluate the valuation, market reaction, and potential conflicts of interest for deals that are announced close to the liquidation date.

 

   

Negotiations and process — What was the process undertaken to identify potential target companies within specified industry or location specified in charter? Consider the background of the sponsors.

 

   

Conflicts of interest — How are sponsors benefiting from the transaction compared to IPO shareholders? Potential conflicts could arise if a fairness opinion is issued by the insiders to qualify the deal rather than a third party or if management is encouraged to pay a higher price for the target because of an 80% rule (the charter requires that the fair market value of the target is at least equal to 80% of net assets of the SPAC). Also, there may be sense of urgency by the management team of the SPAC to close the deal since its charter typically requires a transaction to be completed within the 18-24 month timeframe.

 

   

Voting agreements — Are the sponsors entering into enter into any voting agreements/ tender offers with shareholders who are likely to vote AGAINST the proposed merger or exercise conversion rights?

 

   

Governance — What is the impact of having the SPAC CEO or founder on key committees following the proposed merger?

· · · · ·

Spinoffs

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on spin-offs, considering:

 

   

Tax and regulatory advantages;

 

   

Planned use of the sale proceeds;

 

   

Valuation of spinoff;

 

   

Fairness opinion;

 

   

Benefits to the parent company;

 

   

Conflicts of interest;

 

   

Managerial incentives;

 

   

Corporate governance changes;

 

   

Changes in the capital structure.

· · · · ·

Value Maximization Shareholder Proposals

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals seeking to maximize shareholder value by hiring a financial advisor to explore strategic alternatives, selling the company or liquidating the company and distributing the proceeds to shareholders. These proposals should be evaluated based on the following factors:

 

   

Prolonged poor performance with no turnaround in sight;

 

   

Signs of entrenched board and management;

 

   

Strategic plan in place for improving value;

 

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Likelihood of receiving reasonable value in a sale or dissolution; and

 

   

Whether company is actively exploring its strategic options, including retaining a financial advisor.

· · · · ·

5. COMPENSATION

Executive Pay Evaluation

Underlying all evaluations are five global principles that most investors expect corporations to adhere to in designing and administering executive and director compensation programs:

 

  1. Maintain appropriate pay-for-performance alignment, with emphasis on long-term shareholder value: This principle encompasses overall executive pay practices, which must be designed to attract, retain, and appropriately motivate the key employees who drive shareholder value creation over the long term. It will take into consideration, among other factors, the link between pay and performance; the mix between fixed and variable pay; performance goals; and equity-based plan costs;

 

  2. Avoid arrangements that risk “pay for failure”: This principle addresses the appropriateness of long or indefinite contracts, excessive severance packages, and guaranteed compensation;

 

  3. Maintain an independent and effective compensation committee: This principle promotes oversight of executive pay programs by directors with appropriate skills, knowledge, experience, and a sound process for compensation decision-making (e.g., including access to independent expertise and advice when needed);

 

  4. Provide shareholders with clear, comprehensive compensation disclosures: This principle underscores the importance of informative and timely disclosures that enable shareholders to evaluate executive pay practices fully and fairly;

 

  5. Avoid inappropriate pay to non-executive directors: This principle recognizes the interests of shareholders in ensuring that compensation to outside directors does not compromise their independence and ability to make appropriate judgments in overseeing managers’ pay and performance. At the market level, it may incorporate a variety of generally accepted best practices.

Advisory Votes on Executive Compensation- Management Proposals (Management Say-on-Pay)

Evaluate executive pay and practices, as well as certain aspects of outside director compensation, on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote AGAINST management say on pay (MSOP) proposals, AGAINST/WITHHOLD on compensation committee members (or, in rare cases where the full board is deemed responsible, all directors including the CEO), and/or AGAINST an equity-based incentive plan proposal if:

 

   

There is a misalignment between CEO pay and company performance (pay for performance);

 

   

The company maintains problematic pay practices;

 

   

The board exhibits poor communication and responsiveness to shareholders.

Voting Alternatives

In general, the management say on pay (MSOP) ballot item is the primary focus of voting on executive pay practices — dissatisfaction with compensation practices can be expressed by voting against MSOP rather than

 

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withholding or voting against the compensation committee. However, if there is no MSOP on the ballot, then the negative vote will apply to members of the compensation committee. In addition, in egregious cases, or if the board fails to respond to concerns raised by a prior MSOP proposal, then vote withhold or against compensation committee members (or, if the full board is deemed accountable, all directors). If the negative factors involve equity-based compensation, then vote AGAINST an equity-based plan proposal presented for shareholder approval.

Additional CASE-BY-CASE considerations for the management say on pay (MSOP) proposals:

 

   

Evaluation of performance metrics in short-term and long-term plans, as discussed and explained in the Compensation Discussion & Analysis (CD&A). Consider the measures, goals, and target awards reported by the company for executives’ short- and long-term incentive awards: disclosure, explanation of their alignment with the company’s business strategy, and whether goals appear to be sufficiently challenging in relation to resulting payouts;

 

   

Evaluation of peer group benchmarking used to set target pay or award opportunities. Consider the rationale stated by the company for constituents in its pay benchmarking peer group, as well as the benchmark targets it uses to set or validate executives’ pay ( e.g., median, 75th percentile, etc.,) to ascertain whether the benchmarking process is sound or may result in pay “ratcheting” due to inappropriate peer group constituents (e.g., much larger companies) or targeting (e.g., above median); and

 

   

Balance of performance-based versus non-performance-based pay. Consider the ratio of performance-based (not including plain vanilla stock options) vs. non-performance-based pay elements reported for the CEO’s latest reported fiscal year compensation, especially in conjuction with concerns about other factors such as performance metrics/goals, benchmarking practices, and pay-for-performance disconnects.

Primary Evaluation Factors for Executive Pay

Pay for Performance

Evaluate the alignment of the CEO’s pay with performance over time, focusing particularly on companies that have underperformed their peers over a sustained period. From a shareholders’ perspective, performance is predominantly gauged by the company’s stock performance over time. Even when financial or operational measures are utilized in incentive awards, the achievement related to these measures should ultimately translate into superior shareholder returns in the long-term.

Focus on companies with sustained underperformance relative to peers, considering the following key factors:

 

   

Whether a company’s one-year and three-year total shareholder returns (“TSR”) are in the bottom half of its industry group (i.e., four-digit GICS – Global Industry Classification Group); and

 

   

Whether the total compensation of a CEO who has served at least two consecutive fiscal years is aligned with the company’s total shareholder return over time, including both recent and long-term periods.

If a company falls in the bottom half of its four-digit GICS, further analysis of the CD&A is required to better understand the various pay elements and whether they create or reinforce shareholder alignment. Also assess the CEO’s pay relative to the company’s TSR over a time horizon of at least five years. The most recent year-over-year increase or decrease in pay remains a key consideration, but there will be additional emphasis on the long term trend of CEO total compensation relative to shareholder return. Also consider the mix of performance-based compensation relative to total compensation. In general, standard stock options or time-vested restricted stock are not considered to be performance-based. If a company provides performance-based

 

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incentives to its executives, the company is highly encouraged to provide the complete disclosure of the performance measure and goals (hurdle rate) so that shareholders can assess the rigor of the performance program. The use of non-GAAP financial metrics also makes it very challenging for shareholders to ascertain the rigor of the program as shareholders often cannot tell the type of adjustments being made and if the adjustments were made consistently. Complete and transparent disclosure helps shareholders to better understand the company’s pay for performance linkage.

Problematic Pay Practices

The focus is on executive compensation practices that contravene the global pay principles, including:

 

   

Problematic practices related to non-performance-based compensation elements;

 

   

Incentives that may motivate excessive risk-taking; and

 

   

Options Backdating.

Non-Performance based Compensation Elements

Companies adopt a variety of pay arrangements that may be acceptable in their particular industries, or unique for a particular situation, and all companies are reviewed on a case-by-case basis. However, there are certain adverse practices that are particularly contrary to a performance-based pay philosophy, including guaranteed pay and excessive or inappropriate non-performance-based pay elements.

While not exhaustive, this is the list of practices that carry greatest weight in this consideration and may result in negative vote recommendations on a stand-alone basis. For more details, please refer to RMG’s Compensation FAQ document: http://www.riskmetrics.com/policy/2010_compensation_FAQ:

 

   

Multi-year guarantees for salary increases, non-performance based bonuses, and equity compensation;

 

   

Including additional years of unworked service that result in significant additional benefits, without sufficient justification, or including long-term equity awards in the pension calculation;

 

   

Perquisites for former and/or retired executives, and extraordinary relocation benefits (including home buyouts) for current executives;

 

   

Change-in-control payments exceeding 3 times base salary and target bonus; change-in-control payments without job loss or substantial diminution of duties (“Single Triggers”); new or materially amended agreements that provide for “modified single triggers” (under which an executive may voluntarily leave for any reason and still receive the change-in-control severance package); new or materially amended agreements that provide for an excise tax gross-up (including “modified gross-ups”) ;

 

   

Tax Reimbursements related to executive perquisites or other payments such as personal use of corporate aircraft, executive life insurance, bonus, etc; (see also excise tax gross-ups above)

 

   

Dividends or dividend equivalents paid on unvested performance shares or units;

 

   

Executives using company stock in hedging activities, such as “cashless” collars, forward sales, equity swaps or other similar arrangements; or

 

   

Repricing or replacing of underwater stock options/stock appreciation rights without prior shareholder approval (including cash buyouts and voluntary surrender/subsequent regrant of underwater options).

Incentives that may Motivate Excessive Risk-Taking

Assess company policies and disclosure related to compensation that could incentivize excessive risk-taking, for example:

 

   

Guaranteed bonuses;

 

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A single performance metric used for short- and long-term plans;

 

   

Lucrative severance packages;

 

   

High pay opportunities relative to industry peers;

 

   

Disproportionate supplemental pensions; or

 

   

Mega annual equity grants that provide unlimited upside with no downside risk.

Factors that potentially mitigate the impact of risky incentives include rigorous claw-back provisions and robust stock ownership/holding guidelines.

Options Backdating

Vote CASE-by-CASE on options backdating issues. Generally, when a company has recently practiced options backdating, WITHHOLD from or vote AGAINST the compensation committee, depending on the severity of the practices and the subsequent corrective actions on the part of the board. When deciding on votes on compensation committee members who oversaw questionable options grant practices or current compensation committee members who fail to respond to the issue proactively, consider several factors, including, but not limited to, the following:

 

   

Reason and motive for the options backdating issue, such as inadvertent vs. deliberate grant date changes;

 

   

Duration of options backdating;

 

   

Size of restatement due to options backdating;

 

   

Corrective actions taken by the board or compensation committee, such as canceling or re-pricing backdated options, the recouping of option gains on backdated grants; and

 

   

Adoption of a grant policy that prohibits backdating, and creates a fixed grant schedule or window period for equity grants in the future.

A CASE-by-CASE analysis approach allows distinctions to be made between companies that had “sloppy” plan administration versus those that acted deliberately and/or committed fraud, as well as those companies that subsequently took corrective action. Cases where companies have committed fraud are considered most egregious.

Board Communications and Responsiveness

Consider the following factors on a CASE-BY-CASE basis when evaluating ballot items related to executive pay:

 

   

Poor disclosure practices, including:

 

  Unclear explanation of how the CEO is involved in the pay setting process;

 

  Retrospective performance targets and methodology not discussed;

 

  Methodology for benchmarking practices and/or peer group not disclosed and explained.

 

   

Board’s responsiveness to investor input and engagement on compensation issues, for example:

 

  Failure to respond to majority-supported shareholder proposals on executive pay topics; or

 

  Failure to respond to concerns raised in connection with significant opposition to MSOP proposals.

· · · · ·

 

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Equity-Based and Other Incentive Plans

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on equity-based compensation plans. Vote AGAINST the equity plan if any of the following factors apply:

 

   

The total cost of the company’s equity plans is unreasonable;

 

   

The plan expressly permits the repricing of stock options/stock appreciate rights (SARs) without prior shareholder approval;

 

   

The CEO is a participant in the proposed equity-based compensation plan and there is a disconnect between CEO pay and the company’s performance where over 50 percent of the year-over-year increase is attributed to equity awards (see Pay-for-Performance);

 

   

The company’s three year burn rate exceeds the greater of 2% or the mean plus one standard deviation of its industry group;

 

   

Liberal Change of Control Definition: The plan provides for the acceleration of vesting of equity awards even though an actual change in control may not occur (e.g., upon shareholder approval of a transaction or the announcement of a tender offer); or

 

   

The plan is a vehicle for problematic pay practices.

Each of these factors is described below:

Cost of Equity Plans

Generally, vote AGAINST equity plans if the cost is unreasonable. For non-employee director plans, vote FOR the plan if certain factors are met (see Director Compensation section).

The cost of the equity plans is expressed as Shareholder Value Transfer (SVT), which is measured using a binomial option pricing model that assesses the amount of shareholders’ equity flowing out of the company to employees and directors. SVT is expressed as both a dollar amount and as a percentage of market value, and includes the new shares proposed, shares available under existing plans, and shares granted but unexercised. All award types are valued. For omnibus plans, unless limitations are placed on the most expensive types of awards (for example, full value awards), the assumption is made that all awards to be granted will be the most expensive types. See discussion of specific types of awards.

The Shareholder Value Transfer is reasonable if it falls below the company-specific allowable cap. The allowable cap is determined as follows: The top quartile performers in each industry group (using the Global Industry Classification Standard: GICS) are identified. Benchmark SVT levels for each industry are established based on these top performers’ historic SVT. Regression analyses are run on each industry group to identify the variables most strongly correlated to SVT. The benchmark industry SVT level is then adjusted upwards or downwards for the specific company by plugging the company-specific performance measures, size and cash compensation into the industry cap equations to arrive at the company’s allowable cap.

Repricing Provisions

Vote AGAINST plans that expressly permit the repricing or exchange of underwater stock options without prior shareholder approval, even if the cost of the plan is reasonable. Also, vote AGAINST OR WITHHOLD from members of the Compensation Committee who approved and/or implemented a repricing or an option exchange program, by buying out underwater options for stock, cash or other consideration or canceling underwater options and regranting options with a lower exercise price, without prior shareholder approval, even if such repricings are allowed in their equity plan.

Vote AGAINST plans if the company has a history of repricing options without shareholder approval, and the applicable listing standards would not preclude them from doing so.

· · · · ·

 

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Three-Year Burn Rate/Burn Rate Commitment

Generally vote AGAINST equity plans for companies whose average three-year burn rates exceeds the greater of: (1) the mean plus one standard deviation of the company’s GICS group segmented by Russell 3000 index and non-Russell 3000 index (per the following Burn Rate Table); or (2) two percent of weighted common shares outstanding. The three-year burn rate policy does not apply to non-employee director plans unless outside directors receive a significant portion of shares each year.

The annual burn rate is calculated as follows:

Annual Burn rate = (# of options granted + # of full value shares awarded * Multiplier) / Weighted Average common shares outstanding)

However, vote FOR equity plans if the company fails this burn rate test but the company commits in a public filing to a three-year average burn rate equal to its GICS group burn rate mean plus one standard deviation (or 2%, whichever is greater), assuming all other conditions for voting FOR the plan have been met.

If a company fails to fulfill its burn rate commitment, vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the compensation committee.

For the Dec. 1, 2009 and future quarterly data downloads, RMG will use the 200-day volatility for the shareholder value transfer and burn rate policies. We will also use the 200-day average stock price for the shareholder value transfer policy.

Burn Rate Table for 2010

 

          Russell 3000     Non-Russell 3000  

GICS

  

Description

   Mean     Standard
Deviation
    Mean+
STDEV
    Mean     Standard
Deviation
    Mean+
STDEV
 

1010

   Energy      1.07     1.08     2.14     2.04     2.26     4.30

1510

   Materials      0.94     0.68     1.63     1.97     2.57     4.54

2010

   Capital Goods      1.10     0.85     1.95     2.07     2.62     4.69

2020

   Commercial Services & Supplies      1.67     1.23     2.89     1.82     1.71     3.53

2030

   Transportation      1.20     0.93     2.13     1.36     0.95     2.31

2510

   Automobiles & Components      1.36     1.63     2.99     1.36     1.63     2.99

2520

   Consumer Durables & Apparel      1.76     1.21     2.97     1.56     1.81     3.37

2530

   Hotels Restaurants & Leisure      1.69     1.11     2.80     1.52     1.65     3.17

2540

   Media      1.36     0.93     2.28     2.14     1.88     4.03

2550

   Retailing      1.69     1.41     3.10     2.19     1.82     4.01

3010,
3020, 3030

   Food & Staples Retailing      1.25     1.67     2.92     1.52     1.65     3.17

3510

   Health Care Equipment & Services      2.19     1.46     3.65     3.77     4.16     7.92

3520

   Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology      3.19     1.97     5.16     4.52     4.05     8.58

4010

   Banks      1.02     1.04     2.05     0.81     1.31     2.12

4020

   Diversified Financials      2.21     2.94     5.15     4.25     4.05     8.30

4030

   Insurance      1.07     0.94     2.02     1.03     1.28     2.31

4040

   Real Estate      0.56     0.49     1.04     0.99     2.14     3.13

4510

   Software & Services      3.15     2.32     5.47     4.32     3.26     7.58

4520

   Technology Hardware & Equipment      2.60     2.18     4.79     3.32     3.76     7.08

4530

   Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment      2.94     1.88     4.82     4.33     2.98     7.31

5010

   Telecommunication Services      1.30     1.20     2.50     2.63     2.45     5.08

5510

   Utilities      0.41     0.39     0.80     0.76     0.88     1.64

 

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For companies that grant both full value awards and stock options to their participants, apply a premium on full value awards for the past three fiscal years. The guideline for applying the premium is as follows:

 

Stock Price Volatility

  

Multiplier

54.6% and higher

   1 full-value award will count as 1.5 option shares

36.1% or higher and less than 54.6%

   1 full-value award will count as 2.0 option shares

24.9% or higher and less than 36.1%

   1 full-value award will count as 2.5 option shares

16.5% or higher and less than 24.9%

   1 full-value award will count as 3.0 option shares

7.9% or higher and less than 16.5%

   1 full-value award will count as 3.5 option shares

Less than 7.9%

   1 full-value award will count as 4.0 option shares

· · · · ·

Pay-for-Performance- Impact on Equity Plans

If a significant portion of the CEO’s misaligned pay is attributed to equity awards, and there is an equity plan on the ballot, vote AGAINST the equity plan, taking in to consideration:

 

   

Magnitude of pay increase/decrease in the last fiscal year;

 

   

Source of pay increase (cash or equity); and

 

   

Proportion of equity awards granted in the last fiscal year concentrated at the named executive officer level.

See Pay-for-Performance discussion under Executive Pay Evaluation for further details.

Liberal Definition of Change-in-Control

Generally vote AGAINST equity plans if the plan provides for the acceleration of vesting of equity awards even though an actual change in control may not occur. Examples of such a definition could include, but are not limited to, announcement or commencement of a tender offer, provisions for acceleration upon a “potential” takeover, shareholder approval of a merger or other transactions, or similar language.

Problematic Pay Practices

If the equity plan on the ballot is a vehicle for problematic pay practices, vote AGAINST the plan.

· · · · ·

Specific Treatment of Certain Award Types in Equity Plan Evaluations:

Dividend Equivalent Rights

Options that have Dividend Equivalent Rights (DERs) associated with them will have a higher calculated award value than those without DERs under the binomial model, based on the value of these dividend streams. The higher value will be applied to new shares, shares available under existing plans, and shares awarded but not exercised per the plan specifications. DERS transfer more shareholder equity to employees and non-employee directors and this cost should be captured.

· · · · ·

Liberal Share Recycling Provisions

Under net share counting provisions, shares tendered by an option holder to pay for the exercise of an option, shares withheld for taxes or shares repurchased by the company on the open market can be recycled back

 

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into the equity plan for awarding again. All awards with such provisions should be valued as full-value awards. Stock-settled stock appreciation rights (SSARs) will also be considered as full-value awards if a company counts only the net shares issued to employees towards their plan reserve.

· · · · ·

Operating Partnership (OP) units in Equity Plan analysis of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)

For Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITS), include the common shares issuable upon conversion of outstanding Operating Partnership (OP) units in the share count for the purposes of determining: (1) market capitalization in the Shareholder Value Transfer (SVT) analysis and (2) shares outstanding in the burn rate analysis.

· · · · ·

Option Overhang Cost

Companies with sustained positive stock performance and high overhang cost attributable to in-the-money options outstanding in excess of six years may warrant a carve-out of these options from the overhang as long as the dilution attributable to the new share request is reasonable and the company exhibits sound compensation practices. Consider, on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, a carve-out of a portion of cost attributable to overhang, considering the following criteria:

 

   

Performance: Companies with sustained positive stock performance will merit greater scrutiny. Five-year total shareholder return (TSR), year-over-year performance, and peer performance could play a significant role in this determination.

 

   

Overhang Disclosure: Assess whether optionees have held in-the-money options for a prolonged period (thus reflecting their confidence in the prospects of the company). Note that this assessment would require additional disclosure regarding a company’s overhang. Specifically, the following disclosure would be required:

 

  The number of in-the-money options outstanding in excess of six or more years with a corresponding weighted average exercise price and weighted average contractual remaining term;
  The number of all options outstanding less than six years and underwater options outstanding in excess of six years with a corresponding weighted average exercise price and weighted average contractual remaining term;

 

  The general vesting provisions of option grants; and

 

  The distribution of outstanding option grants with respect to the named executive officers;

 

   

Dilution: Calculate the expected duration of the new share request in addition to all shares currently available for grant under the equity compensation program, based on the company’s three-year average burn rate (or a burn-rate commitment that the company makes for future years). The expected duration will be calculated by multiplying the company’s unadjusted (options and full-value awards accounted on a one-for-one basis) three-year average burn rate by the most recent fiscal year’s weighted average shares outstanding (as used in the company’s calculation of basic EPS) and divide the sum of the new share request and all available shares under the company’s equity compensation program by the product. For example, an expected duration in excess of five years could be considered problematic; and

 

   

Compensation Practices: An evaluation of overall practices could include: (1) stock option repricing provisions, (2) high concentration ratios (of grants to top executives), or (3) additional practices outlined in the Poor Pay Practices policy.

· · · · ·

 

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Other Compensation Plans

401(k) Employee Benefit Plans

Vote FOR proposals to implement a 401(k) savings plan for employees.

· · · · ·

Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)

Vote FOR proposals to implement an ESOP or increase authorized shares for existing ESOPs, unless the number of shares allocated to the ESOP is excessive (more than five percent of outstanding shares).

· · · · ·

Employee Stock Purchase Plans — Qualified Plans

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on qualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote FOR employee stock purchase plans where all of the following apply:

 

   

Purchase price is at least 85 percent of fair market value;

 

   

Offering period is 27 months or less; and

 

   

The number of shares allocated to the plan is ten percent or less of the outstanding shares.

Vote AGAINST qualified employee stock purchase plans where any of the following apply:

 

   

Purchase price is less than 85 percent of fair market value; or

 

   

Offering period is greater than 27 months; or

 

   

The number of shares allocated to the plan is more than ten percent of the outstanding shares.

· · · · ·

Employee Stock Purchase Plans — Non-Qualified Plans

Vote CASE-by-CASE on nonqualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote FOR nonqualified employee stock purchase plans with all the following features:

 

   

Broad-based participation (i.e., all employees of the company with the exclusion of individuals with 5 percent or more of beneficial ownership of the company);

 

   

Limits on employee contribution, which may be a fixed dollar amount or expressed as a percent of base salary;

 

   

Company matching contribution up to 25 percent of employee’s contribution, which is effectively a discount of 20 percent from market value;

 

   

No discount on the stock price on the date of purchase since there is a company matching contribution.

Vote AGAINST nonqualified employee stock purchase plans when any of the plan features do not meet the above criteria. If the company matching contribution exceeds 25 percent of employee’s contribution, evaluate the cost of the plan against its allowable cap.

· · · · ·

Incentive Bonus Plans and Tax Deductibility Proposals (OBRA-Related Compensation Proposals)

Vote FOR proposals that simply amend shareholder-approved compensation plans to include administrative features or place a cap on the annual grants any one participant may receive to comply with the provisions of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code.

 

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Vote FOR proposals to add performance goals to existing compensation plans to comply with the provisions of Section 162(m) unless they are clearly inappropriate.

Votes to amend existing plans to increase shares reserved and to qualify for favorable tax treatment under the provisions of Section 162(m) are considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis using a proprietary, quantitative model developed by RMG.

Generally vote FOR cash or cash and stock bonus plans that are submitted to shareholders for the purpose of exempting compensation from taxes under the provisions of Section 162(m) if no increase in shares is requested.

Vote AGAINST proposals if the compensation committee does not fully consist of independent outsiders, as defined in RMG’s classification of director independence.

· · · · ·

Option Exchange Programs/Repricing Options

Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals seeking approval to exchange/reprice options taking into consideration:

 

   

Historic trading patterns — the stock price should not be so volatile that the options are likely to be back “in-the-money” over the near term;

 

   

Rationale for the re-pricing — was the stock price decline beyond management’s control?

 

   

Is this a value-for-value exchange?

 

   

Are surrendered stock options added back to the plan reserve?

 

   

Option vesting — does the new option vest immediately or is there a black-out period?

 

   

Term of the option — the term should remain the same as that of the replaced option;

 

   

Exercise price — should be set at fair market or a premium to market;

 

   

Participants — executive officers and directors should be excluded.

If the surrendered options are added back to the equity plans for re-issuance, then also take into consideration the company’s total cost of equity plans and its three-year average burn rate.

In addition to the above considerations, evaluate the intent, rationale, and timing of the repricing proposal. The proposal should clearly articulate why the board is choosing to conduct an exchange program at this point in time. Repricing underwater options after a recent precipitous drop in the company’s stock price demonstrates poor timing. Repricing after a recent decline in stock price triggers additional scrutiny and a potential AGAINST vote on the proposal. At a minimum, the decline should not have happened within the past year. Also, consider the terms of the surrendered options, such as the grant date, exercise price and vesting schedule. Grant dates of surrendered options should be far enough back (two to three years) so as not to suggest that repricings are being done to take advantage of short-term downward price movements. Similarly, the exercise price of surrendered options should be above the 52-week high for the stock price.

Vote FOR shareholder proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.

· · · · ·

Stock Plans in Lieu of Cash

Vote CASE-by-CASE on plans that provide participants with the option of taking all or a portion of their cash compensation in the form of stock.

 

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Vote FOR non-employee director-only equity plans that provide a dollar-for-dollar cash-for-stock exchange.

Vote CASE-by-CASE on plans which do not provide a dollar-for-dollar cash for stock exchange. In cases where the exchange is not dollar-for-dollar, the request for new or additional shares for such equity program will be considered using the binomial option pricing model. In an effort to capture the total cost of total compensation, RMG will not make any adjustments to carve out the in-lieu-of cash compensation.

· · · · ·

Transfer Stock Option (TSO) Programs

One-time Transfers: Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from compensation committee members if they fail to submit one-time transfers to shareholders for approval.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on one-time transfers. Vote FOR if:

 

   

Executive officers and non-employee directors are excluded from participating;

 

   

Stock options are purchased by third-party financial institutions at a discount to their fair value using option pricing models such as Black-Scholes or a Binomial Option Valuation or other appropriate financial models;

 

   

There is a two-year minimum holding period for sale proceeds (cash or stock) for all participants.

Additionally, management should provide a clear explanation of why options are being transferred to a third-party institution and whether the events leading up to a decline in stock price were beyond management’s control. A review of the company’s historic stock price volatility should indicate if the options are likely to be back “in-the-money” over the near term.

Ongoing TSO program: Vote AGAINST equity plan proposals if the details of ongoing TSO programs are not provided to shareholders. Since TSOs will be one of the award types under a stock plan, the ongoing TSO program, structure and mechanics must be disclosed to shareholders. The specific criteria to be considered in evaluating these proposals include, but not limited, to the following:

 

   

Eligibility;

 

   

Vesting;

 

   

Bid-price;

 

   

Term of options;

 

   

Cost of the program and impact of the TSOs on company’s total option expense

 

   

Option repricing policy.

Amendments to existing plans that allow for introduction of transferability of stock options should make clear that only options granted post-amendment shall be transferable.

· · · · ·

Director Compensation

Equity Plans for Non-Employee Directors

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on compensation plans for non-employee directors, based on the cost of the plans against the company’s allowable cap.

 

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On occasion, director stock plans that set aside a relatively small number of shares when combined with employee or executive stock compensation plans will exceed the allowable cap. Vote for the plan if ALL of the following qualitative factors in the board’s compensation are met and disclosed in the proxy statement:

 

   

Director stock ownership guidelines with a minimum of three times the annual cash retainer.

 

   

Vesting schedule or mandatory holding/deferral period:

 

  A minimum vesting of three years for stock options or restricted stock; or

 

  Deferred stock payable at the end of a three-year deferral period.

 

   

Mix between cash and equity:

 

  A balanced mix of cash and equity, for example 40% cash/60% equity or 50% cash/50% equity; or

 

  If the mix is heavier on the equity component, the vesting schedule or deferral period should be more stringent, with the lesser of five years or the term of directorship.

 

   

No retirement/benefits and perquisites provided to non-employee directors; and

 

   

Detailed disclosure provided on cash and equity compensation delivered to each non-employee director for the most recent fiscal year in a table. The column headers for the table may include the following: name of each non-employee director, annual retainer, board meeting fees, committee retainer, committee-meeting fees, and equity grants.

· · · · ·

Director Retirement Plans

Vote AGAINST retirement plans for non-employee directors.

Vote FOR shareholder proposals to eliminate retirement plans for non-employee directors.

· · · · ·

Shareholder Proposals on Compensation

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay)

Generally, vote FOR shareholder proposals that call for non-binding shareholder ratification of the compensation of the Named Executive Officers and the accompanying narrative disclosure of material factors provided to understand the Summary Compensation Table.

· · · · ·

Compensation Consultants- Disclosure of Board or Company’s utilization

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals seeking disclosure regarding the Company, Board, or Compensation Committee’s use of compensation consultants, such as company name, business relationship(s) and fees paid.

· · · · ·

Disclosure/Setting Levels or Types of Compensation for Executives and Directors

Generally, vote FOR shareholder proposals seeking additional disclosure of executive and director pay information, provided the information requested is relevant to shareholders’ needs, would not put the company at a competitive disadvantage relative to its industry, and is not unduly burdensome to the company.

 

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Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals seeking to set absolute levels on compensation or otherwise dictate the amount or form of compensation.

Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals requiring director fees be paid in stock only.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on all other shareholder proposals regarding executive and director pay, taking into account company performance, pay level versus peers, pay level versus industry, and long-term corporate outlook.

· · · · ·

Golden Coffins/Executive Death Benefits

Generally vote FOR proposals calling companies to adopt a policy of obtaining shareholder approval for any future agreements and corporate policies that could oblige the company to make payments or awards following the death of a senior executive in the form of unearned salary or bonuses, accelerated vesting or the continuation in force of unvested equity grants, perquisites and other payments or awards made in lieu of compensation. This would not apply to any benefit programs or equity plan proposals that the broad-based employee population is eligible.

· · · · ·

Pay for Superior Performance

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals based on a case-by-case analysis that requests the board establish a pay-for-superior performance standard in the company’s executive compensation plan for senior executives. The proposal has the following principles:

 

   

Sets compensation targets for the Plan’s annual and long-term for incentive the pay components at or below the peer group median;

 

   

Delivers a majority of the Plan’s target long-term compensation through performance-vested, not simply time-vested, equity awards;

 

   

Provides the strategic rationale and relative weightings of the financial and non-financial performance metrics or criteria used in the annual and performance-vested long-term incentive components of the plan;

 

   

Establishes performance targets for each plan financial metric relative to the performance of the company’s peer companies;

 

   

Limits payment under the annual and performance-vested long-term incentive components of the plan to when the company’s performance on its selected financial performance metrics exceeds peer group median performance.

Consider the following factors in evaluating this proposal:

 

   

What aspects of the company’s annual and long-term equity incentive programs are performance driven?

 

   

If the annual and long-term equity incentive programs are performance driven, are the performance criteria and hurdle rates disclosed to shareholders or are they benchmarked against a disclosed peer group?

 

   

Can shareholders assess the correlation between pay and performance based on the current disclosure?

 

   

What type of industry and stage of business cycle does the company belong to?

· · · · ·

 

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Performance-Based Awards

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposal requesting that a significant amount of future long-term incentive compensation awarded to senior executives shall be performance-based and requesting that the board adopt and disclose challenging performance metrics to shareholders, based on the following analytical steps:

 

   

First, vote FOR shareholder proposals advocating the use of performance-based equity awards, such as performance contingent options or restricted stock, indexed options or premium-priced options, unless the proposal is overly restrictive or if the company has demonstrated that it is using a “substantial” portion of performance-based awards for its top executives. Standard stock options and performance-accelerated awards do not meet the criteria to be considered as performance-based awards. Further, premium-priced options should have a premium of at least 25 percent and higher to be considered performance-based awards.

 

   

Second, assess the rigor of the company’s performance-based equity program. If the bar set for the performance-based program is too low based on the company’s historical or peer group comparison, generally vote FOR the proposal. Furthermore, if target performance results in an above target payout, vote FOR the shareholder proposal due to program’s poor design. If the company does not disclose the performance metric of the performance-based equity program, vote FOR the shareholder proposal regardless of the outcome of the first step to the test.

In general, vote FOR the shareholder proposal if the company does not meet both of the above two steps.

· · · · ·

Pension Plan Income Accounting

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals to exclude pension plan income in the calculation of earnings used in determining executive bonuses/compensation.

· · · · ·

Pre-Arranged Trading Plans (10b5-1 Plans)

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for certain principles regarding the use of prearranged trading plans (10b5-1 plans) for executives. These principles include:

 

   

Adoption, amendment, or termination of a 10b5-1 Plan must be disclosed within two business days in a Form 8-K;

 

   

Amendment or early termination of a 10b5-1 Plan is allowed only under extraordinary circumstances, as determined by the board;

 

   

Ninety days must elapse between adoption or amendment of a 10b5-1 Plan and initial trading under the plan;

 

   

Reports on Form 4 must identify transactions made pursuant to a 10b5-1 Plan;

 

   

An executive may not trade in company stock outside the 10b5-1 Plan.

 

   

Trades under a 10b5-1 Plan must be handled by a broker who does not handle other securities transactions for the executive.

· · · · ·

Recoup Bonuses

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to recoup unearned incentive bonuses or other incentive payments made to senior executives if it is later determined that the figures upon which incentive compensation is earned

 

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later turn out to have been in error. This is line with the clawback provision in the Trouble Asset Relief Program. Many companies have adopted policies that permit recoupment in cases where fraud, misconduct, or negligence significantly contributed to a restatement of financial results that led to the awarding of unearned incentive compensation. RMG will take into consideration:

 

   

If the company has adopted a formal recoupment bonus policy;

 

   

If the company has chronic restatement history or material financial problems; or

 

   

If the company’s policy substantially addresses the concerns raised by the proponent.

· · · · ·

Severance Agreements for Executives/Golden Parachutes

Vote FOR shareholder proposals requiring that golden parachutes or executive severance agreements be submitted for shareholder ratification, unless the proposal requires shareholder approval prior to entering into employment contracts.

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on proposals to ratify or cancel golden parachutes. An acceptable parachute should include, but is not limited to, the following:

 

   

The triggering mechanism should be beyond the control of management;

 

   

The amount should not exceed three times base amount (defined as the average annual taxable W-2 compensation during the five years prior to the year in which the change of control occurs;

 

   

Change-in-control payments should be double-triggered, i.e., (1) after a change in control has taken place, and (2) termination of the executive as a result of the change in control. Change in control is defined as a change in the company ownership structure.

· · · · ·

Share Buyback Holding Periods

Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals prohibiting executives from selling shares of company stock during periods in which the company has announced that it may or will be repurchasing shares of its stock. Vote FOR the proposal when there is a pattern of abuse by executives exercising options or selling shares during periods of share buybacks.

· · · · ·

Stock Ownership or Holding Period Guidelines

Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals that mandate a minimum amount of stock that directors must own in order to qualify as a director or to remain on the board. While RMG favors stock ownership on the part of directors, the company should determine the appropriate ownership requirement.

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking companies to adopt policies requiring Named Executive Officers to retain 75% of the shares acquired through compensation plans while employed and/or for two years following the termination of their employment, and to report to shareholders regarding this policy. The following factors will be taken into account:

 

   

Whether the company has any holding period, retention ratio, or officer ownership requirements in place. These should consist of:

 

  Rigorous stock ownership guidelines, or

 

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  A holding period requirement coupled with a significant long-term ownership requirement, or

 

  A meaningful retention ratio,

 

   

Actual officer stock ownership and the degree to which it meets or exceed the proponent’s suggested holding period/retention ratio or the company’s own stock ownership or retention requirements.

 

   

Problematic pay practices, current and past, which may promote a short-term versus a long-term focus.

A rigorous stock ownership guideline should be at least 10x base salary for the CEO, with the multiple declining for other executives. A meaningful retention ratio should constitute at least 50 percent of the stock received from equity awards (on a net proceeds basis) held on a long-term basis, such as the executive’s tenure with the company or even a few years past the executive’s termination with the company.

· · · · ·

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans (SERPs)

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting to put extraordinary benefits contained in SERP agreements to a shareholder vote unless the company’s executive pension plans do not contain excessive benefits beyond what is offered under employee-wide plans.

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting to limit the executive benefits provided under the company’s supplemental executive retirement plan (SERP) by limiting covered compensation to a senior executive’s annual salary and excluding of all incentive or bonus pay from the plan’s definition of covered compensation used to establish such benefits.

· · · · ·

Termination of Employment Prior to Severance Payment and Eliminating Accelerated Vesting of Unvested Equity

Vote on a CASE-by-CASE on shareholder proposals seeking a policy requiring termination of employment prior to severance payment, and eliminating accelerated vesting of unvested equity. Change-in-control payouts without loss of job or substantial diminution of job duties (single-triggered) are consider a poor pay practice under RMG policy, and may even result in withheld votes from compensation committee members. The second component of this proposal – related to the elimination of accelerated vesting — requires more careful consideration. The following factors will be taken into regarding this policy.

 

   

The company’s current treatment of equity in change-of-control situations of (i. e. is it double triggered, does it allow for the assumption of equity by acquiring company, the treatment of performance shares.

 

   

Current employment agreements, including potential poor pay practices such as gross-ups embedded in those agreements.

· · · · ·

Tax Gross-Up Proposals

Generally vote FOR proposals calling for companies to adopt a policy of not providing tax gross-up payments to executives, except in situations where gross-ups are provided pursuant to a plan, policy, or arrangement applicable to management employees of the company, such as a relocation or expatriate tax equalization policy.

· · · · ·

 

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6. Social/Environmental Issues

Overall Approach

When evaluating social and environmental shareholder proposals, RMG considers the following factors:

 

   

Whether adoption of the proposal is likely to enhance or protect shareholder value;

 

   

Whether the information requested concerns business issues that relate to a meaningful percentage of the company’s business as measured by sales, assets, and earnings;

 

   

The degree to which the company’s stated position on the issues raised in the proposal could affect its reputation or sales, or leave it vulnerable to a boycott or selective purchasing;

 

   

Whether the issues presented are more appropriately/effectively dealt with through governmental or company-specific action;

 

   

Whether the company has already responded in some appropriate manner to the request embodied in the proposal;

 

   

Whether the company’s analysis and voting recommendation to shareholders are persuasive;

 

   

What other companies have done in response to the issue addressed in the proposal;

 

   

Whether the proposal itself is well framed and the cost of preparing the report is reasonable;

 

   

Whether implementation of the proposal’s request would achieve the proposal’s objectives;

 

   

Whether the subject of the proposal is best left to the discretion of the board;

 

   

Whether the requested information is available to shareholders either from the company or from a publicly available source; and

 

   

Whether providing this information would reveal proprietary or confidential information that would place the company at a competitive disadvantage.

· · · · ·

Animal Welfare

Animal Testing

Generally vote AGAINST proposals to phase out the use of animals in product testing unless:

 

   

The company is conducting animal testing programs that are unnecessary or not required by regulation;

 

   

The company is conducting animal testing when suitable alternatives are commonly accepted and used at industry peers; or

 

   

There are recent, significant fines or litigation related to the company’s treatment of animals.

· · · · ·

Animal Welfare Policies

Generally vote FOR proposals seeking a report on the company’s animal welfare standards unless:

 

   

The company has already published a set of animal welfare standards and monitors compliance;

 

   

The company’s standards are comparable to industry peer; and

 

   

There are no recent, significant fines or litigation related to the company’s treatment of animals.

· · · · ·

 

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Controlled Atmosphere Killing (CAK)

Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting the implementation of CAK methods at company and/or supplier operations unless such methods are required by legislation or generally accepted as the industry standard.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting a report on the feasibility of implementing CAK methods at company and/or supplier operations considering the availability of existing research conducted by the company or industry groups on this topic and any fines or litigation related to current animal processing procedures at the company.

· · · · ·

Consumer Issues

Genetically Modified Ingredients

Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking suppliers, genetic research companies, restaurants and food retail companies to voluntarily label genetically engineered (GE) ingredients in their products and/or eliminate GE ingredients. The cost of labeling and/or phasing out the use of GE ingredients may not be commensurate with the benefits to shareholders and is an issue better left to regulators.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals asking for a report on the feasibility of labeling products containing GE ingredients taking into account:

 

   

The company’s business and the proportion of it affected by the resolution;

 

   

The quality of the company’s disclosure on GE product labeling, related voluntary initiatives, and how this disclosure compares with industry peer disclosure; and

 

   

Company’s current disclosure on the including feasibility or GE product labeling, including information on the related costs.

Generally vote AGAINST proposals seeking a report on the social, health, and environmental effects of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Studies of this sort are better undertaken by regulators and the scientific community.

Generally vote AGAINST proposals to completely phase out GE ingredients from the company’s products or proposals asking for reports outlining the steps necessary to eliminate GE ingredients from the company’s products. Such resolutions presuppose that there are proven health risks to GE ingredients (an issue better left to regulators) that may outweigh the economic benefits derived from biotechnology.

· · · · ·

Consumer Lending

Vote CASE-BY CASE on requests for reports on the company’s lending guidelines and procedures taking into account:

 

   

Whether the company has adequately disclosed mechanisms in place to prevent abusive lending practices;

 

   

Whether the company has adequately disclosed the financial risks of the lending products in question;

 

   

Whether the company has been subject to violations of lending laws or serious lending controversies;

 

   

Peer companies’ policies to prevent abusive lending practices.

· · · · ·

 

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Pharmaceutical Pricing, Access to Medicines, and Product Reimportation

Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting that companies implement specific price restraints on pharmaceutical products unless the company fails to adhere to legislative guidelines or industry norms in its product pricing.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting that the company evaluate report on their product pricing policies or their access to medicine policies, considering:

 

   

The nature of the company’s business and the potential for reputational and market risk exposure;

 

   

The existing disclosure of relevant policies;

 

   

Deviation from established industry norms;

 

   

The company’s existing, relevant initiatives to provide research and/or products to disadvantaged consumers;

 

   

Whether the proposal focuses on specific products or geographic regions; and

 

   

The potential cost and scope of the requested report.

Generally vote FOR proposals requesting that companies report on the financial and legal impact of their prescription drug reimportation policies unless such information is already publicly disclosed.

Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting that companies adopt specific policies to encourage or constrain prescription drug reimportation. Such matters are more appropriately the province of legislative activity and may place the company at a competitive disadvantage relative to its peers.

· · · · ·

Product Safety and Toxic/Hazardous Materials

Generally vote FOR proposals requesting the company to report on its policies, initiatives/procedures, and oversight mechanisms related to toxic/hazardous materials or product safety in its supply chain, unless:

 

   

The company already discloses similar information through existing reports such as a Supplier Code of Conduct and/or a sustainability report;

 

   

The company has formally committed to the implementation of a toxic/hazardous materials and/or product safety and supply chain reporting and monitoring program based on industry norms or similar standards within a specified time frame; and

 

   

The company has not been recently involved in relevant significant controversies, significant fines, or litigation.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on resolutions requesting that companies develop a feasibility assessment to phase-out of certain toxic/hazardous materials, or evaluate and disclose the potential financial and legal risks associated with utilizing certain materials, considering:

 

   

The company’s current level of disclosure regarding its product safety policies, initiatives and oversight mechanisms.

 

   

Current regulations in the markets in which the company operates; and

 

   

Recent significant controversies, litigation, or fines stemming from toxic/hazardous materials at the company.

Generally vote AGAINST resolutions requiring that a company reformulate its products.

· · · · ·

 

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Tobacco

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on resolutions regarding the advertisement of tobacco products, considering:

 

   

Recent related fines, controversies, or significant litigation;

 

   

Whether the company complies with relevant laws and regulations on the marketing of tobacco;

 

   

Whether the company’s advertising restrictions deviate from those of industry peers;

 

   

Whether the company entered into the Master Settlement Agreement, which restricts marketing of tobacco to youth;

 

   

Whether restrictions on marketing to youth extend to foreign countries.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals regarding second-hand smoke, considering;

 

   

Whether the company complies with all laws and regulations;

 

   

The degree that voluntary restrictions beyond those mandated by law might hurt the company’s competitiveness;

 

   

The risk of any health-related liabilities.

Generally vote AGAINST resolutions to cease production of tobacco-related products, to avoid selling products to tobacco companies, to spin-off tobacco-related businesses, or prohibit investment in tobacco equities. Such business decisions are better left to company management or portfolio managers.

Generally vote AGAINST proposals regarding tobacco product warnings. Such decisions are better left to public health authorities.

· · · · ·

Diversity

Board Diversity

Generally vote FOR requests for reports on the company’s efforts to diversify the board, unless:

 

   

The gender and racial minority representation of the company’s board is reasonably inclusive in relation to companies of similar size and business; and

 

   

The board already reports on its nominating procedures and gender and racial minority initiatives on the board and within the company.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals asking the company to increase the gender and racial minority representation on its board, taking into account:

 

   

The degree of existing gender and racial minority diversity on the company’s board and among its executive officers;

 

   

The level of gender and racial minority representation that exists at the company’s industry peers;

 

   

The company’s established process for addressing gender and racial minority board representation;

 

   

Whether the proposal includes an overly prescriptive request to amend nominating committee charter language;

 

   

The independence of the company’s nominating committee;

 

   

The company uses an outside search firm to identify potential director nominees; and

 

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Whether the company has had recent controversies, fines, or litigation regarding equal employment practices.

· · · · ·

Equality of Opportunity

Generally vote FOR proposals requesting a company disclose its diversity policies or initiatives, or proposals requesting disclosure of a company’s comprehensive workforce diversity data, including requests for EEO-1 data, unless:

 

   

The company publicly discloses its comprehensive equal opportunity policies and initiatives;

 

   

The company already publicly discloses comprehensive workforce diversity data; and

 

   

The company has no recent significant EEO-related violations or litigation.

Generally vote AGAINST proposals seeking information on the diversity efforts of suppliers and service providers. Such requests may pose a significant cost and administration burden on the company.

· · · · ·

Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, and Domestic Partner Benefits

Generally vote FOR proposals seeking to amend a company’s EEO statement or diversity policies to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation and/or gender identity, unless the change would result in excessive costs for the company.

Generally vote AGAINST proposals to extend company benefits to, or eliminate benefits from domestic partners. Decisions regarding benefits should be left to the discretion of the company.

· · · · ·

Climate Change and the Environment

Climate Change

Generally vote FOR resolutions requesting that a company disclose information on the impact of climate change on the company’s operations and investments considering:

 

   

The company already provides current, publicly-available information on the impacts that climate change may have on the company as well as associated company policies and procedures to address related risks and/or opportunities;

 

   

The company’s disclosure level of disclosure is at least of comparable to that of industry peers; and

 

   

There are no significant, controversies, fines, penalties, or litigation associated with the company’s environmental performance.

· · · · ·

Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs)

Generally vote FOR resolutions requesting companies report to shareholders on the risks and liabilities associated with CAFOs unless:

 

   

The company has publicly disclosed its environmental management policies for its corporate and contract farming operations, including compliance monitoring; and The company publicly discloses company and supplier farm environmental performance data; or

 

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The company does not have company-owned CAFOs and does not directly source from contract farm CAFOs.

· · · · ·

Energy Efficiency

Generally vote FOR on proposals requesting a company report on its comprehensive energy efficiency policies, unless:

 

   

The company complies with applicable energy efficiency regulations and laws, and discloses its participation in energy efficiency policies and programs, including disclosure of benchmark data, targets, and performance measures; or

 

   

The proponent requests adoption of specific energy efficiency goals within specific timelines.

· · · · ·

Facility and Operational Safety/Security

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on resolutions requesting that companies report on safety and/or security risks associated with their operations and/or facilities, considering:

 

   

The company’s compliance with applicable regulations and guidelines;

 

   

The company’s current level of disclosure regarding its security and safety policies, procedures, and compliance monitoring; and,

 

   

The existence of recent, significant violations, fines, or controversy regarding the safety and security of the company’s operations and/or facilities.

· · · · ·

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions

Generally vote FOR proposals requesting a report on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from company operations and/or products and operations, unless:

 

   

The company already provides current, publicly-available information on the impacts that GHG emissions may have on the company as well as associated company policies and procedures to address related risks and/or opportunities;

 

   

The company’s level of disclosure is comparable to that of industry peers; and

 

   

There are no significant, controversies, fines, penalties, or litigation associated with the company’s GHG emissions.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals that call for the adoption of GHG reduction goals from products and operations, taking into account:

 

   

Overly prescriptive requests for the reduction in GHG emissions by specific amounts or within a specific time frame;

 

   

Whether company disclosure lags behind industry peers;

 

   

Whether the company has been the subject of recent, significant violations, fines, litigation, or controversy related to GHG emissions;

 

   

The feasibility of reduction of GHGs given the company’s product line and current technology and;

 

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Whether the company already provides meaningful disclosure on GHG emissions from its products and operations.

· · · · ·

Operations in Protected Areas

Generally vote FOR requests for reports on potential environmental damage as a result of company operations in protected regions unless:

 

   

Operations in the specified regions are not permitted by current laws or regulations;

 

   

The company does not currently have operations or plans to develop operations in these protected regions; or,

 

   

The company’s disclosure of its operations and environmental policies in these regions is comparable to industry peers.

· · · · ·

Recycling

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to adopt a comprehensive recycling strategy, taking into account:

 

   

The nature of the company’s business;

 

   

The extent that peer companies are recycling;

 

   

The timetable prescribed by the proposal and the costs and methods of implementation;

 

   

Whether the company has a poor environmental track record, such as violations of applicable regulations.

· · · · ·

Renewable Energy

Generally vote FOR requests for reports on the feasibility of developing renewable energy resources unless the report is duplicative of existing disclosure or irrelevant to the company’s line of business.

Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting that the company invest in renewable energy resources. Such decisions are best left to management’s evaluation of the feasibility and financial impact that such programs may have on the company.

· · · · ·

General Corporate Issues

Charitable Contributions

Vote AGAINST proposals restricting the company from making charitable contributions. Charitable contributions are generally useful for assisting worthwhile causes and for creating goodwill in the community. In the absence of bad faith, self-dealing, or gross negligence, management should determine which, and if, contributions are in the best interests of the company.

· · · · ·

 

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Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Compensation-Related Proposals

Generally vote AGAINST proposals to link, or report on linking, executive compensation to environmental and social criteria (such as corporate downsizings, customer or employee satisfaction, community involvement, human rights, environmental performance, or predatory lending) as the practice of linking executive compensation and such criteria is currently the exception rather than the norm and there appears to be a lack of widely-accepted standards regarding the implementation of effective linkages between executive compensation and corporate non-financial performance. However, the following factors will be considered:

 

   

Whether the company has significant and persistent controversies or violations regarding social and/or environmental issues;

 

   

Whether the company has management systems and oversight mechanisms in place regarding its social and environmental performance;

 

   

The degree to which industry peers have incorporated similar non-financial performance criteria in their executive compensation practices; and

 

   

The company’s current level of disclosure regarding its environmental and social performance.

Generally vote AGAINST proposals calling for an analysis of the pay disparity between corporate executives and other non-executive employees. The value of the information sought by such proposals is unclear.

· · · · ·

Health Pandemics

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on requests for reports outlining the impact of health pandemics (such as HIV/AIDS, Malaria, Tuberculosis, and Avian Flu) on the company’s operations and how the company is responding to the situation, taking into account:

 

   

The scope of the company’s operations in the affected/relevant area(s);

 

   

The company’s existing healthcare policies, including benefits and healthcare access; and

 

   

Company donations to relevant healthcare providers.

Vote AGAINST proposals asking companies to establish, implement, and report on a standard of response to health pandemics (such as HIV/AIDS, Malaria, Tuberculosis, and Avian Flu), unless the company has significant operations in the affected markets and has failed to adopt policies and/or procedures to address these issues comparable to those of industry peers.

· · · · ·

Lobbying Expenditures/Initiatives

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting information on a company’s lobbying initiatives, considering:

 

   

Significant controversies, fines, or litigation surrounding a company’s public policy activities,

 

   

The company’s current level of disclosure on lobbying strategy, and

 

   

The impact that the policy issue may have on the company’s business operations.

· · · · ·

 

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Political Contributions and Trade Associations Spending

Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking the company to affirm political nonpartisanship in the workplace so long as:

 

   

There are no recent, significant controversies, fines or litigation regarding the company’s political contributions or trade association spending; and

 

   

The company has procedures in place to ensure that employee contributions to company-sponsored political action committees (PACs) are strictly voluntary and prohibits coercion.

Vote AGAINST proposals to publish in newspapers and public media the company’s political contributions. Such publications could present significant cost to the company without providing commensurate value to shareholders.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to improve the disclosure of a company’s political contributions and trade association spending considering:

 

   

Recent significant controversy or litigation related to the company’s political contributions or governmental affairs; and

 

   

The public availability of a company policy on political contributions and trade association spending including information on the types of organizations supported, the business rationale for supporting these organizations, and the oversight and compliance procedures related to such expenditures of corporate assets.

Vote AGAINST proposals barring the company from making political contributions. Businesses are affected by legislation at the federal, state, and local level and barring political contributions can put the company at a competitive disadvantage.

Vote AGAINST proposals asking for a list of company executives, directors, consultants, legal counsels, lobbyists, or investment bankers that have prior government service and whether such service had a bearing on the business of the company. Such a list would be burdensome to prepare without providing any meaningful information to shareholders.

· · · · ·

International Issues, Labor Issues, and Human Rights

Community Social and Environmental Impact Assessments

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on requests for reports outlining policies and/or the potential (community) social and/or environmental impact of company operations considering:

 

   

Current disclosure of applicable policies and risk assessment report(s) and risk management procedures;

 

   

The impact of regulatory non-compliance, litigation, remediation, or reputational loss that may be associated with failure to manage the company’s operations in question, including the management of relevant community and stakeholder relations;

 

   

The nature, purpose, and scope of the company’s operations in the specific region(s);

 

   

The degree to which company policies and procedures are consistent with industry norms; and

 

   

Scope of the resolution.

· · · · ·

 

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Foreign Military Sales/Offsets

Vote AGAINST reports on foreign military sales or offsets. Such disclosures may involve sensitive and confidential information. Moreover, companies must comply with government controls and reporting on foreign military sales.

· · · · ·

Internet Privacy and Censorship

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on resolutions requesting the disclosure and implementation of Internet privacy and censorship policies and procedures considering:

 

   

The level of disclosure of company policies and procedures relating to privacy, freedom of speech, Internet censorship, and government monitoring of the Internet;

 

   

Engagement in dialogue with governments and/or relevant groups with respect to the Internet and the free flow of information;

 

   

The scope of business involvement and of investment in markets that maintain government censorship or monitoring of the Internet;

 

   

The market-specific laws or regulations applicable to Internet censorship or monitoring that may be imposed on the company; and,

 

   

The level of controversy or litigation related to the company’s international human rights policies and procedures.

· · · · ·

Labor and Human Rights Standards

Generally vote FOR proposals requesting a report on company or company supplier labor and/or human rights standards and policies unless such information is already publicly disclosed.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to implement company or company supplier labor and/or human rights standards and policies, considering:

 

   

The degree to which existing relevant policies and practices are disclosed;

 

   

Whether or not existing relevant policies are consistent with internationally recognized standards;

 

   

Whether company facilities and those of its suppliers are monitored and how;

 

   

Company participation in fair labor organizations or other internationally recognized human rights initiatives;

 

   

Scope and nature of business conducted in markets known to have higher risk of workplace labor/human rights abuse;

 

   

Recent, significant company controversies, fines, or litigation regarding human rights at the company or its suppliers;

 

   

The scope of the request; and

 

   

Deviation from industry sector peer company standards and practices.

· · · · ·

 

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MacBride Principles

Generally vote AGAINST proposals to endorse or increase activity on the MacBride Principles, unless:

 

   

The company has formally been found to be out of compliance with relevant Northern Ireland fair employment laws and regulations;

 

   

Failure to implement the MacBride Principles would put the company in an inconsistent position and/or at a competitive disadvantage compared with industry peers;

 

   

Failure to implement the MacBride Principles would subject the company to excessively negative financial impacts due to laws that some municipalities have passed regarding their contracting operations and companies that have not implemented the MacBride Principles; or

 

   

The company has had recent, significant controversies, fines or litigation regarding religious-based employment discrimination in Northern Ireland.

· · · · ·

Nuclear and Depleted Uranium Weapons

Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking a company to cease production or report on the risks associated with the use of depleted uranium munitions or nuclear weapons components and delivery systems, including disengaging from current and proposed contracts. Such contracts are monitored by government agencies, serve multiple military and non-military uses, and withdrawal from these contracts could have a negative impact on the company’s business.

· · · · ·

Operations in High Risk Markets

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on requests for a report on a company’s potential financial reputational risks associated with operations in “high-risk” markets, such as a terrorism-sponsoring state or politically/socially unstable region, taking into account:

 

   

The nature, purpose, and scope of the operations and business involved that could be affected by social or political disruption;

 

   

Current disclosure of applicable risk assessment(s) and risk management procedures;

 

   

Compliance with U.S. sanctions and laws;

 

   

Consideration of other international policies, standards, and laws; and

 

   

Whether the company has been recently involved in recent, significant controversies, fines or litigation related to its operations in “high-risk” markets.

·  · · · ·

Outsourcing/Offshoring

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals calling for companies to report on the risks associated with outsourcing/plant closures, considering:

 

   

Controversies surrounding operations in the relevant market(s);

 

   

The value of the requested report to shareholders;

 

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The company’s current level of disclosure of relevant information on outsourcing and plant closure procedures; and

 

   

The company’s existing human rights standards relative to industry peers.

·  · · · ·

Sustainability

Sustainability Reporting

Generally vote FOR proposals requesting the company to report on its policies, initiatives, and oversight mechanisms related to social, economic, and environmental sustainability, unless:

 

   

The company already discloses similar information through existing reports or policies such as an Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) report; a comprehensive Code of Corporate Conduct; and/or a Diversity Report; or

 

   

The company has formally committed to the implementation of a reporting program based on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines or a similar standard within a specified time frame

·  · · · ·

7. Mutual Fund Proxies

Election of Directors

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the election of directors and trustees, following the same guidelines for uncontested directors for public company shareholder meetings. However, mutual fund boards do not usually have compensation committees, so do not withhold for the lack of this committee.

· · · · ·

Converting Closed-end Fund to Open-end Fund

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on conversion proposals, considering the following factors:

 

   

Past performance as a closed-end fund;

 

   

Market in which the fund invests;

 

   

Measures taken by the board to address the discount; and

 

   

Past shareholder activism, board activity, and votes on related proposals.

·  · · · ·

Proxy Contests

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proxy contests, considering the following factors:

 

   

Past performance relative to its peers;

 

   

Market in which fund invests;

 

   

Measures taken by the board to address the issues;

 

   

Past shareholder activism, board activity, and votes on related proposals;

 

   

Strategy of the incumbents versus the dissidents;

 

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Independence of directors;

 

   

Experience and skills of director candidates;

 

   

Governance profile of the company;

 

   

Evidence of management entrenchment.

· · · · ·

Investment Advisory Agreements

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on investment advisory agreements, considering the following factors:

 

   

Proposed and current fee schedules;

 

   

Fund category/investment objective;

 

   

Performance benchmarks;

 

   

Share price performance as compared with peers;

 

   

Resulting fees relative to peers;

 

   

Assignments (where the advisor undergoes a change of control).

·  · · · ·

Approving New Classes or Series of Shares

Vote FOR the establishment of new classes or series of shares.

·  · · · ·

Preferred Stock Proposals

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the authorization for or increase in preferred shares, considering the following factors:

 

   

Stated specific financing purpose;

 

   

Possible dilution for common shares;

 

   

Whether the shares can be used for antitakeover purposes.

· · · · ·

1940 Act Policies

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on policies under the Investment Advisor Act of 1940, considering the following factors:

 

   

Potential competitiveness;

 

   

Regulatory developments;

 

   

Current and potential returns; and

 

   

Current and potential risk.

Generally vote FOR these amendments as long as the proposed changes do not fundamentally alter the investment focus of the fund and do comply with the current SEC interpretation.

·  · · · ·

 

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Changing a Fundamental Restriction to a Nonfundamental Restriction

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to change a fundamental restriction to a non-fundamental restriction, considering the following factors:

 

   

The fund’s target investments;

 

   

The reasons given by the fund for the change; and

 

   

The projected impact of the change on the portfolio.

· · · · ·

Change Fundamental Investment Objective to Nonfundamental

Vote AGAINST proposals to change a fund’s fundamental investment objective to non-fundamental.

· · · · ·

Name Change Proposals

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on name change proposals, considering the following factors:

 

   

Political/economic changes in the target market;

 

   

Consolidation in the target market; and

 

   

Current asset composition.

· · · · ·

Change in Fund’s Subclassification

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on changes in a fund’s sub-classification, considering the following factors:

 

   

Potential competitiveness;

 

   

Current and potential returns;

 

   

Risk of concentration;

 

   

Consolidation in target industry.

· · · · ·

Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to dispose of assets, to terminate or liquidate, considering the following factors:

 

   

Strategies employed to salvage the company;

 

   

The fund’s past performance;

 

   

The terms of the liquidation.

· · · · ·

 

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Changes to the Charter Document

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on changes to the charter document, considering the following factors:

 

   

The degree of change implied by the proposal;

 

   

The efficiencies that could result;

 

   

The state of incorporation;

 

   

Regulatory standards and implications.

Vote AGAINST any of the following changes:

 

   

Removal of shareholder approval requirement to reorganize or terminate the trust or any of its series;

 

   

Removal of shareholder approval requirement for amendments to the new declaration of trust;

 

   

Removal of shareholder approval requirement to amend the fund’s management contract, allowing the contract to be modified by the investment manager and the trust management, as permitted by the 1940 Act;

 

   

Allow the trustees to impose other fees in addition to sales charges on investment in a fund, such as deferred sales charges and redemption fees that may be imposed upon redemption of a fund’s shares;

 

   

Removal of shareholder approval requirement to engage in and terminate subadvisory arrangements;

 

   

Removal of shareholder approval requirement to change the domicile of the fund.

·  · · · ·

Changing the Domicile of a Fund

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on re-incorporations, considering the following factors:

 

   

Regulations of both states;

 

   

Required fundamental policies of both states;

 

   

The increased flexibility available.

· · · · ·

Authorizing the Board to Hire and Terminate Subadvisors Without Shareholder Approval

Vote AGAINST proposals authorizing the board to hire/terminate subadvisors without shareholder approval.

· · · · ·

Distribution Agreements

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on distribution agreement proposals, considering the following factors:

 

   

Fees charged to comparably sized funds with similar objectives;

 

   

The proposed distributor’s reputation and past performance;

 

   

The competitiveness of the fund in the industry;

 

   

The terms of the agreement.

· · · · ·

 

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Master-Feeder Structure

Vote FOR the establishment of a master-feeder structure.

· · · · ·

Mergers

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on merger proposals, considering the following factors:

 

   

Resulting fee structure;

 

   

Performance of both funds;

 

   

Continuity of management personnel;

 

   

Changes in corporate governance and their impact on shareholder rights.

·  · · · ·

Shareholder Proposals for Mutual Funds

Establish Director Ownership Requirement

Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals that mandate a specific minimum amount of stock that directors must own in order to qualify as a director or to remain on the board.

· · · · ·

Reimburse Shareholder for Expenses Incurred

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses. When supporting the dissidents, vote FOR the reimbursement of the proxy solicitation expenses.

·  · · · ·

Terminate the Investment Advisor

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to terminate the investment advisor, considering the following factors:

 

   

Performance of the fund’s Net Asset Value (NAV);

 

   

The fund’s history of shareholder relations;

 

   

The performance of other funds under the advisor’s management.

·  · · · ·

 

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LOGO

 

2010 International Voting-Policy Manual

RMG Governance Services

December 31, 2009

 

 

 

Copyright © 2009 by RiskMetrics Group. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of this work should be sent to: RiskMetrics Group Marketing Department, One Chase Manhattan Plaza, 44th Floor, New York, NY 10005. RiskMetrics Group is a trademark used herein under license.


Table of Contents

General Policies

 

Financial Results/Director and Auditor Reports

     B-99   

Appointment of Auditors and Auditor Compensation

     B-100   

Appointment of Internal Statutory Auditors

     B-101   

Allocation of Income

     B-102   

Amendments to Articles of Association

     B-104   

Change in Company Fiscal Term

     B-105   

Lower Disclosure Threshold for Stock Ownership

     B-106   

Amend Quorum Requirements

     B-107   

Transact Other Business

     B-108   

International Classification of Directors

     B-112   

Director Compensation

     B-114   

Director, Officer, and Auditor Indemnification and Liability Provisions

     B-117   

Board Structure

     B-118   

Capital Systems

     B-120   

Reduction of Capital

     B-124   

Capital Structures

     B-126   

Preferred Stock

     B-127   

Debt Issuance Requests

     B-129   

Pledging of Assets for Debt

     B-130   

Increase in Borrowing Powers

     B-131   

Reissuance of Shares Repurchased

     B-133   

Capitalization of Reserves for Bonus Issues/Increase In Par Value

     B-134   

Reorganizations/Restructurings

     B-135   

Mergers and Acquisitions

     B-136   

Mandatory Takeover Bid Waivers

     B-138   

Reincorporation Proposals

     B-139   

Expansion of Business Activities

     B-140   

Related-Party Transactions

     B-141   

Antitakeover Mechanisms

     B-150   

Shareholder Proposals

     B-151   

Compensation Systems — Europe

  

Election of Former CEO as Chairman of the Board — Europe

  

 

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2010 International Voting-Policy Manual

Financial Results/Director and Auditor Reports

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR approval of financial statements and director and auditor reports, unless:

 

   

There are concerns about the accounts presented or audit procedures used; or

 

   

The company is not responsive to shareholder questions about specific items that should be publicly disclosed.

Discussion

Most companies around the world submit these reports to shareholders for approval, and this is one of the first items on most agendas. The official financial statements and director and auditor reports are valuable documents when evaluating a company’s annual performance. The director report usually includes a review of the company’s performance during the year, justification of dividend levels and profits or losses, special events such as acquisitions or disposals, and future plans for the company.

The auditor report discloses any irregularities or problems with the company’s finances. While a qualified report by itself is not sufficient reason to oppose this resolution, it raises cautionary flags of which shareholders should be aware. Most auditor reports are unqualified, meaning that in the auditor’s opinion, the company’s financial statements are made in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

When evaluating a company’s financial statements, RMG looks at debt/equity levels on the balance sheet, historical sales and earnings performance, dividend history and payout ratios, and the company’s performance within its own country and relative to similar companies in its industry. Unless there are major concerns about the accuracy of the financial statements or the director or auditor reports, RMG recommends approval of this item.

 

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2010 International Voting-Policy Manual

Appointment of Auditors and Auditor Compensation

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR the reelection of auditors and proposals authorizing the board to fix auditor fees, unless:

 

   

There are serious concerns about the accounts presented or the audit procedures used;

 

 

   

The auditors are being changed without explanation; or

 

 

   

Non-audit-related fees are substantial or are routinely in excess of standard annual audit-related fees.

 

Vote AGAINST the appointment of external auditors if they have previously served the company in an executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.

Discussion

Most major companies around the world use one of the major international auditing firms to conduct their audits. As such, concerns about the quality and objectivity of the audit are minimal, and the reappointment of the auditor is usually a routine matter. Audit fees tend to be highly competitive and vary little between companies. However, if a company proposes a new auditor or an auditor resigns and does not seek reelection, companies should offer an explanation to shareholders. If shareholders request an explanation for a change in auditor and the company or retiring auditor fails to provide one, RMG recommends a vote against the election of a new auditor. If an explanation is otherwise unavailable, RMG recommends that shareholders abstain on this item.

Many countries also require the appointment of censors, or special auditors who ensure that the board and management are in compliance with the company’s articles. The censors’ role is purely advisory in nature. Proposals to appoint censors are routine, as the censors usually act as a secondary auditor for special audit requirements.

The practice of auditors providing non-audit services to companies is problematic. While large auditors may have effective internal barriers to ensure that there are no conflicts of interest, an auditor’s ability to remain objective becomes questionable when fees paid to the auditor for non-audit services such as management consulting, general bookkeeping, and special situation audits exceed the standard annual audit fees. While some compensation for non-audit services is customary, the importance of maintaining the independence of the auditor is paramount. If fees from non-audit services become significant without any clear safeguards against conflicts of interest, RMG recommends opposing the auditor’s reappointment.

 

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Appointment of Internal Statutory Auditors

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR the appointment or reelection of statutory auditors, unless:

 

   

There are serious concerns about the statutory reports presented or the audit procedures used;

 

   

Questions exist concerning any of the statutory auditors being appointed; or

 

   

The auditors have previously served the company in an executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.

Discussion

The appointment of internal statutory auditors is a routine request for companies in Latin America, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Japan, Korea, and Russia. The statutory auditing board is usually composed of three to five members, including a group chairman and two alternate members, all of whom are expected to be independent. In addition to the regular duty of verifying corporate accounts, the auditor board is responsible for supervising management and ensuring compliance with the law and articles of association. The auditors must perform an audit of the accounts every three months and present to shareholders a report on the balance sheet at the AGM. For most countries, the auditors are elected annually and may seek reelection. RMG recommends supporting the appointment of statutory auditors unless there are serious concerns about the reports presented or questions about an auditor’s qualifications.

 

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Allocation of Income

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR approval of the allocation of income, unless:

 

   

The dividend payout ratio has been consistently below 30 percent without adequate explanation; or

 

   

The payout is excessive given the company’s financial position.

Discussion

Many countries require shareholders to approve the allocation of income generated during the year. These proposals usually, but not always, contain an allocation to dividends. When determining the acceptability of this proposal, RMG focuses primarily on the payout ratio. Payouts of less than 30 percent or more than 100 percent are a trigger for further analysis. The minimum level of 30 percent is based on a review of international practice. Payouts of more than 100 percent are a signal that the company is dipping into reserves to make the payment.

Further analysis of payout ratios should include the following: an examination of historical payouts to determine if there is a long-term pattern of low payouts, exceptional events that may have artificially modified earnings for the year, the condition of a company’s balance sheet, comparisons with similar companies both domestically and internationally, and the classification of the company as growth or mature.

Justifications for extreme payouts must be reviewed carefully. If the company has an adequate explanation for a certain payout, RMG supports the income allocation as proposed. However, if a company has a pattern of low payouts, fails to adequately justify the retention of capital, and is not experiencing above-average growth, RMG recommends opposing the proposal. A vote against the payout is also recommended if a company appears to be maintaining an excessive payout that may affect its long-term health.

 

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Stock (Scrip) Dividend Alternative

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR most stock (scrip) dividend proposals.

Vote AGAINST proposals that do not allow for a cash option unless management demonstrates that the cash option is harmful to shareholder value.

Discussion

Stock (scrip) dividend alternatives, whereby shareholders are offered the option of receiving their dividend payment in the form of fully paid ordinary shares, are common proposals worldwide. While dividend payments in the form of shares in lieu of cash do not immediately add to shareholder value, they allow companies to retain cash and to strengthen the position and commitment of long-term shareholders. RMG opposes stock dividend proposals that do not allow a cash option unless management shows that the cash outflow is detrimental to the company’s health and to long-term shareholder value.

 

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Amendments to Articles of Association

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote amendments to the articles of association on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Requests to amend a company’s articles of association are usually motivated by changes in the company’s legal and regulatory environment, although evolution of general business practice can also prompt amendments to articles. Such proposals are especially common whenever stock exchange listing rules are revised, new legislation is passed, or a court case exposes the need to close loopholes.

Amendments to articles range from minor spelling changes to the adoption of an entirely new set of articles. While the majority of such requests are of a technical and administrative nature, minor changes in wording can have a significant impact on corporate governance. As such, RMG carefully scrutinizes any changes to a company’s articles.

From a company’s perspective, it is often more efficient to adopt a new set of articles than to introduce numerous amendments. However, bundling changes that treat different provisions of the articles into one voting item prevents shareholders from separating items of concern from routine changes. By leaving a shareholder with an all-or-nothing choice, bundling allows companies to include negative provisions along with positive or neutral changes.

When reviewing new or revised articles, RMG classifies each change according to its potential impact on shareholder value and then weighs the package as a whole. The presence of one strongly negative change may warrant a recommendation against the resolution. In assigning these classifications, RMG is not concerned with the nature of the article being amended, but rather focuses on whether the proposed change improves or worsens the existing provision.

The final criterion on which RMG bases its decision is whether failure to pass a resolution would cause an immediate loss of shareholder value. In such cases, RMG supports even a bundled resolution that includes negative changes.

 

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Change in Company Fiscal Term

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR resolutions to change a company’s fiscal term unless a company’s motivation for the change is to postpone its AGM.

Discussion

Companies routinely seek shareholder approval to change their fiscal year end. This is a decision best left to management. RMG opposes this resolution only if the company is changing its year end to postpone its AGM. Most countries require companies to hold their AGM within a certain period of time after the close of the fiscal year. If a company is embroiled in a controversy, it might seek approval to amend its fiscal year end at an EGM to avoid controversial issues at an AGM. RMG opposes the change in year end in these cases.

 

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Lower Disclosure Threshold for Stock Ownership

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote AGAINST resolutions to lower the stock ownership disclosure threshold below 5 percent unless specific reasons exist to implement a lower threshold.

Discussion

RMG’s recommended level for ownership disclosure is 5 percent. A level below that does not add substantially to shareholders’ interests and is often only a pretext for an antitakeover defense. A lower level also requires a greater number of shareholders to disclose their ownership, causing a greater burden to shareholders and to the company. Positions of more than 5 percent are significant, however, and this is the standard that the U.S. SEC uses.

In certain cases, shareholders may want to know of smaller positions — at a troubled company likely to be put in play, for example. RMG examines these companies to determine if these lower thresholds would benefit shareholders.

 

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Amend Quorum Requirements

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote proposals to amend quorum requirements for shareholder meetings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Quorum requirements differ widely by market. In the United States, for instance, a quorum of a majority of the outstanding shares is the norm. In many global markets, however, the percentage of shares represented at meetings is not as high as in the United States. Indeed, many companies incorporated in markets outside the United States have difficulty attaining a quorum.

Proposals to amend the quorum requirement are evaluated on a case-by-case basis based on market norms, the company’s reasons for the change, and the company’s ownership structure. With respect to the latter, companies that have a substantial shareholder or shareholder group should set their quorum requirement well above the percentage of shares owned by such shareholder or shareholder group. Quorum requirements are intended to ensure that a broad range of shareholders are represented at meetings. Setting a quorum requirement that is too low, whether in absolute terms or relative to the holdings of a large shareholder, undermines this purpose. A low quorum requirement is of particular concern in markets where resolutions are decided on the basis of either shares present and entitled to vote at a meeting or votes cast at the meeting; in such cases, once a quorum is attained the shares present, regardless of whether they are representative of the entire body of shareholders, will be able to decide the matters under consideration at the meeting.

 

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Transact Other Business

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote AGAINST other business when it appears as a voting item.

Discussion

This item provides a forum for questions and any other resolutions that may be brought up at the meeting. In most countries the item is a formality and does not require a shareholder vote, but companies in certain countries include other business as a voting item. Because shareholders who vote by proxy cannot know what issues will be raised under this item, RMG cannot recommend that shareholders approve this request when asked for a vote. While RMG recognizes that in most cases this item is a formality or includes discussion that will have no impact on shareholders, shareholders cannot risk the negative consequences of voting in advance on an item for which information has not been disclosed.

 

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Director Elections

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR management nominees in the election of directors, unless:

 

   

Adequate disclosure has not been provided in a timely manner;

 

   

There are clear concerns over questionable finances or restatements;

 

   

There have been questionable transactions with conflicts of interest;

 

   

There are any records of abuses against minority shareholder interests; and

 

   

The board fails to meet minimum corporate governance standards.

Vote FOR individual nominees unless there are specific concerns about the individual, such as criminal wrongdoing or breach of fiduciary responsibilities.

Vote AGAINST individual directors if repeated absences at board meetings have not been explained (in countries where this information is disclosed).

Vote FOR employee and/or labor representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation committee and are required by law to be on those committees. Vote AGAINST employee and/or labor representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation committee, if they are not required to be on those committees.

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis for contested elections of directors, e.g. the election of shareholder nominees or the dismissal of incumbent directors, determining which directors are best suited to add value for shareholders.

Please see the International Classification of Directors here.

Discussion

RMG considers director elections to be one of the most important voting decisions that shareholders make, especially because shareholders are only given the opportunity to review their companies’ operations once a year at the AGM. Thus, if detailed information on boards or nominees is available, analysis to the highest degree possible is warranted. Directors function as the representatives of shareholders throughout the year and are therefore a crucial avenue of ongoing influence on management.

Levels of disclosure regarding directors vary widely. In some countries, such as the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, companies publish detailed information such as director biographies, share ownership, and related information that aids shareholders in determining the level of director independence. In many other countries, the only information available on directors is their names, while still other countries disclose no information at all. In cases where detailed information about directors is not available, it would be counterproductive to vote against directors on the basis of a lack of information. Opposition to specific nominees or boards should be supported by specific problems or concerns.

RMG will recommend against the routine election of directors taking into consideration the absence of adequate or timely disclosure, questionable finances or restatements, questionable transactions with conflicts of interest, any record of abuses against minority shareholder interests, bundling of director elections, and/or any other egregious corporate governance practices.

 

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Boards in many countries are divided into two or more classes that are elected on a staggered basis. This system of classified boards is common across the world. Only Canadian companies routinely elect the entire board on an annual basis, but even in Canada companies may classify their board if an appropriate amendment is made to the articles. In certain countries, executive directors may be appointed for terms of up to five years, and a company’s articles may give executive directors protected board seats under which they are not subject to shareholder election. RMG opposes protected board seats and preferential treatment of executive directors.

When reviewing director election proposals, RMG examines board composition, company performance, and any negative views or information on either the company or individual directors. RMG determines the number of executive directors, independent non-executive directors, and non-independent non-executive directors on the board, the existence and composition of board committees, and the independence of the chairman. A non-independent non-executive director is defined as one who represents a major shareholder; has significant commercial contacts with the company as a legal counsel, auditor, or consultant; has held executive positions within the company in the past; or is related to the founding family, another board member, or a top executive. In cases where board composition is of concern, the company’s general health and its recent financial performance may play a part in the evaluation of directors. Individual director information is also considered, including share ownership among director nominees.

RMG also takes into account the attendance records of directors when such information is provided to shareholders, using a benchmark attendance rate of 75 percent of board meetings. If an individual director fails to attend at least 75 percent of board meetings for two or more consecutive years, RMG makes further inquiries to the company regarding the absences. RMG recommends withholding votes against the director unless the company has provided a reasonable explanation for the absences. International companies tend to have directors who reside in other countries on their boards, making attendance difficult. While RMG understands the difficulties imposed on such directors, failing to attend meetings prevents directors from fulfilling their fiduciary obligations and adequately representing shareholder interests. Other business obligations and conflicting travel schedules are not acceptable reasons for consistently poor attendance records. RMG supports the use of teleconferencing and videoconferencing to cope with the increasing time and travel demands faced by directors in global business.

Statements of corporate governance practices are also helpful in reviewing director election proposals, but only in a few countries are these routinely included as part of the annual report, usually as a listing requirement of the major stock exchange. These reports are required in Australia, Canada, South Africa, and the United Kingdom.

Voting on Director Nominees in Contested Elections

For shareholder nominees, RMG places the persuasive burden on the nominee or the proposing shareholder to prove that they are better suited to serve on the board than management’s nominees. Serious consideration of shareholder nominees will be given only if there are clear and compelling reasons for the nominee to join the board. These nominees must also demonstrate a clear ability to contribute positively to board deliberations; some nominees may have hidden or narrow agendas and may unnecessarily contribute to divisiveness among directors.

The major decision factors are:

 

   

Company performance relative to its peers

 

   

Strategy of the incumbents versus the dissidents

 

   

Independence of directors/nominees

 

   

Experience and skills of board candidates

 

   

Governance profile of the company

 

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Evidence of management entrenchment

 

   

Responsiveness to shareholders

 

   

Whether a takeover offer has been rebuffed

When analyzing proxy contests/ shareholder nominees, RMG focuses on two central questions: (1) Have the dissidents proved that board change is warranted? and (2) if so, are the dissident board nominees likely to effect positive change (i.e., maximize long-term shareholder value)?

 

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International Classification of Directors

 

Executive Director

 

   

Employee or executive of the company;

 

 

   

Any director who is classified as a non-executive, but receives salary, fees, bonus, and/or other benefits that are in line with the highest-paid executives of the company.

 

Non-Independent Non-Executive Director (NED)

 

   

Any director who is attested by the board to be a non-independent NED;

 

 

   

Any director specifically designated as a representative of a significant shareholder of the company;

 

 

   

Any director who is also an employee or executive of a significant shareholder of the company;

 

 

   

Beneficial owner (direct or indirect) of at least 10 percent of the company’s stock, either in economic terms or in voting rights (this may be aggregated if voting power is distributed among more than one member of a defined group, e.g., members of a family that beneficially own less than 10 percent individually, but collectively own more than 10 percent), unless market best practice dictates a lower ownership and/or disclosure threshold (and in other special market-specific circumstances);

 

 

   

Government representative;

 

 

   

Currently provides (or a relative¹ provides) professional services² to the company, to an affiliate of the company, or to an individual officer of the company or of one of its affiliates in excess of $10,000 per year;

 

 

   

Represents customer, supplier, creditor, banker, or other entity with which company maintains transactional/commercial relationship (unless company discloses information to apply a materiality test³);

 

 

   

Any director who has conflicting or cross-directorships with executive directors or the chairman of the company;

 

 

   

Relative¹ of current employee of the company or its affiliates;

 

 

   

Relative¹ of former executive of the company or its affiliates;

 

 

   

A new appointee elected other than by a formal process through the general meeting (such as a contractual appointment by a substantial shareholder);

 

 

   

Founder/co-founder/member of founding family but not currently an employee;

 

 

   

Former executive (five-year cooling off period);

 

 

   

Years of service will NOT be a determining factor unless it is recommended best practice in a market:

 

 

   

9 years (from the date of election) in the United Kingdom and Ireland;

 

 

   

12 years in European markets;

 

 

   

7 years in Russia.

 

Independent NED

 

   

No material4 connection, either direct or indirect, to the company other than a board seat.

 

 

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Employee Representative

 

   

Represents employees or employee shareholders of the company (classified as “employee representative” but considered a non-independent NED).

Footnotes:

 

1

“Relative” follows the SEC’s proposed definition of “immediate family members” which covers spouses, parents, children, step-parents, step-children, siblings, in-laws, and any person (other than a tenant or employee) sharing the household of any director, nominee for director, executive officer, or significant shareholder of the company.

2

Professional services can be characterized as advisory in nature and generally include the following: investment banking/financial advisory services; commercial banking (beyond deposit services); investment services; insurance services; accounting/audit services; consulting services; marketing services; and legal services. The case of participation in a banking syndicate by a non-lead bank should be considered a transaction (and hence subject to the associated materiality test) rather than a professional relationship.

3

If the company makes or receives annual payments exceeding the greater of $200,000 or 5 percent of the recipient’s gross revenues. (The recipient is the party receiving the financial proceeds from the transaction.)

4

For purposes of RMG’s director independence classification, “material” will be defined as a standard of relationship (financial, personal, or otherwise) that a reasonable person might conclude could potentially influence one’s objectivity in the boardroom in a manner that would have a meaningful impact on an individual’s ability to satisfy requisite fiduciary standards on behalf of shareholders.

 

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Director Compensation

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR proposals to award cash fees to non-executive directors unless the amounts are excessive relative to other companies in the country or industry.

Vote non-executive director compensation proposals that include both cash and share-based components on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote proposals that bundle compensation for both non-executive and executive directors into a single resolution on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote AGAINST proposals to introduce retirement benefits for non-executive directors.

Discussion

Proposals seeking shareholder approval for non-executive directors’ fees are not controversial in most countries. RMG generally supports resolutions regarding directors’ fees unless they are excessive relative to fees paid by other companies in the same country or industry. In evaluating such proposals, RMG focuses on the fees paid to each non-executive or, if such detailed information is not available, on the aggregate amount payable to all of the non-executives. Where available, RMG will also take into consideration evidence of past abuses, both by the company and those, if any, characteristic of the market.

Companies in many markets provide their non-executives an option to receive all or a portion of their cash fees in the form of company shares. We approve these measures as the exchange is on a “dollar-for-dollar” basis, that is, as long as a director receives shares having a cash value equal to that of the foregone fees, with the share price used for such calculation being determined on a reasonable date. While there is some dilution associated with such payments, such dilution is minimal, and in any event, increasing directors’ share ownership is likely to align the interests of the directors with those of shareholders.

However, RMG will not support such arrangements if the exchange is not dollar-for-dollar; such exchanges put shareholders at a disadvantage by providing directors the opportunity to receive shares at discount, and the interests of directors who have acquired shares at a discount are likely to be less closely aligned with those of other shareholders. Some companies provide their non-executive directors the opportunity to exchange all or a portion of their cash fees for stock options; we would evaluate such grants in accordance with our stock option guidelines.

As is already common in the United States, companies in some global markets have begun to provide their non-executives with stock options as a separate element of their remuneration. In such countries, proposals seeking approval for the remuneration of non-executive directors cannot be evaluated without detailed information regarding the proposed remuneration, which could include options, and in some cases, discounted options. Remuneration proposals that include option grants must be evaluated in accordance with the guidelines for stock options. Likewise, remuneration proposals that could include option grants — by virtue of their being proposed by a company in a market where option grants to non-employee directors are common — must also be evaluated in accordance with the guidelines for stock options.

Some countries require shareholder approval for the remuneration of executive as well as non-executive directors. Companies in such markets occasionally bundle non-executive and executive remuneration proposals into a single resolution. While RMG generally believes that executive compensation is the purview of the board,

 

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when proposed executive compensation is gratuitous or otherwise excessive in light of market norms or there is past evidence of abuse, RMG will recommend a vote against such resolutions. In reviewing such proposals, our analysis focuses, among other things, on the amount of the proposed compensation relative to market norms but also relative to the company’s financial performance. For example, absent performance criteria and appropriate limits, it would be inappropriate to approve a resolution entitling an executive to a bonus equal to a substantial portion of a company’s profits.

Retirement benefits for non-executive directors are inappropriate, as they increase the directors’ financial reliance on the company and could call into question the objectivity of their decision-making. In addition, most directors have served as senior executives of other companies, and adequate retirement benefits should be provided through these companies. The only caveat to this policy would be for professional non-executive directors such as those found in the United Kingdom. However, requests for such benefits in the United Kingdom are rare, and the appropriateness of using shareholder funds in this manner is questionable.

 

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Discharge of Board and Management

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

RMG will generally recommend voting for the discharge of directors, including members of the management board and/or supervisory board, unless there is reliable information about significant and compelling controversies that the board is not fulfilling its fiduciary duties warranted on a case-by-case basis by:

 

   

A lack of oversight or actions by board members which invoke shareholder distrust related to malfeasance or poor supervision, such as operating in private or company interest rather than in shareholder interest

 

   

Any legal issues (e.g. civil/criminal) aiming to hold the board responsible for breach of trust in the past or related to currently alleged action yet to be confirmed (and not only in the fiscal year in question) such as price fixing, insider trading, bribery, fraud, and other illegal actions

 

   

Other egregious governance issues where shareholders will bring legal action against the company or its directors

For markets which do not routinely request discharge resolutions (e.g. common law countries or markets where discharge is not mandatory), analysts may voice concern in other appropriate agenda items, such as approval of the annual accounts or other relevant resolutions, to enable shareholders to express discontent with the board.

Discussion

The annual formal discharge of board and management represents shareholder approval of actions taken during the year. Discharge is a tacit vote of confidence in the company’s management and policies. It does not necessarily eliminate the possibility of future shareholder action, although it does make such action more difficult to pursue. Meeting agendas normally list proposals to discharge both the board and management as one agenda item.

This is a routine item in many countries. Discharge is generally granted unless a shareholder states a specific reason for withholding discharge and plans to undertake legal action. Withholding discharge is a serious matter and is advisable only when a shareholder has concrete evidence of negligence or abuse on the part of the board or management, has plans to take legal action, or has knowledge of other shareholders’ plans to take legal action.

If evidence suggests that one or more board or management members are responsible for problems such as fraud or grave mismanagement, shareholders can withhold discharge from these individuals and pursue further legal action. Poor performance that can be directly linked to flagrant error or neglect on the part of the board or management, or board actions that are detrimental to shareholders’ interests, may also constitute grounds for voting against discharge.

If shareholders approve discharge of the board and management, they will face a greater challenge if they subsequently decide to pursue legal action against these parties. Shareholders would be required to prove that management or the board did not supply correct and complete information regarding the matter in question.

 

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Director, Officer, and Auditor Indemnification and Liability Provisions

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote proposals seeking indemnification and liability protection for directors and officers on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote AGAINST proposals to indemnify auditors.

Discussion

The scope of directors’ and officers’ indemnification and liability provisions varies by market. Within reason, RMG seeks to respect the indemnification and liability protections applicable in each market, but some markets allow companies to provide indemnification and liability protection that we deem excessive. In general, RMG believes that officers and directors should only be eligible for indemnification and liability protection if they have acted in good faith on company business and were found innocent of any civil or criminal charges for duties performed on behalf of the company. Providing indemnification and liability protection beyond such levels would effectively absolve officers and directors of their duties to shareholders. RMG recognizes that limiting a company’s ability to provide liability and indemnification protection may limit its ability to attract and retain qualified directors and executives and that indemnification provisions afford directors and officers protection to take risks and maximize shareholder wealth. However, RMG also believes that providing liability and indemnification protection in excess of that outlined above could unfairly prejudice shareholders in holding officers and directors accountable and that the level of protection allowed under our guidelines represents a reasonable compromise.

When evaluating indemnification and liability provisions in more developed markets that enumerate the duty of loyalty and the duty of care, RMG also takes into account the liability and indemnification provisions contained in RMG’s U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines.

Although RMG supports indemnifying directors and officers, RMG opposes providing these protections to auditors. These payments call into question the objectivity of the auditor in carrying out the audit, as the fees paid on its behalf could be greater than the audit fees alone. Eliminating concerns about being sued for carelessness could also lead to a decrease in the quality of the audit. Given the substantial settlements against auditors in recent years for poor audit practices, the cost of such insurance to the company and its shareholders is unwarranted.

 

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Board Structure

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR proposals to fix board size.

Vote AGAINST the introduction of classified boards and mandatory retirement ages for directors.

Vote AGAINST proposals to alter board structure or size in the context of a fight for control of the company or the board.

Discussion

Resolutions relating to board structures range from fixing the number of directors or establishing a minimum or maximum number of directors to introducing classified boards and director term limits.

Board Size

Proposals to fix board size are common and are routinely approved. Proposals to establish a range of board size are also frequent; a range of two or three open slots relative to the existing board size is reasonable, as it gives the company some flexibility to attract potentially valuable board members during the year. Latitude beyond this range is inappropriate, however, because companies can use this freedom to hinder unwanted influence from potential acquirers or large shareholders.

Adopt Classified Board

RMG prefers that all directors stand for reelection every year. All directors should be accountable to shareholders on an annual basis, as the ability to elect directors is the single most important use of the shareholder franchise.

While classified boards are the norm in most countries, some companies have chosen to place their directors up for annual election. RMG supports initiatives to declassify boards and opposes proposals to classify previously unstaggered boards. Classifying the board makes it more difficult to effect a change of control through a proxy contest; because only a minority of the directors are elected each year, a dissident shareholder would be unable to win control of the board in a single election.

Introduction of Mandatory Age of Retirement

RMG believes that age should not be the sole factor in determining a director’s value to a company. Rather, each director’s performance should be evaluated on the basis of his or her individual contribution and experience.

Altering Board Size

Companies may attempt to increase board size in order to add related or like-minded directors to the board. Conversely, establishing a minimum number of directors could make it easier to remove independent directors from the board. RMG considers these proposals on a case-by-case basis.

All proposals to alter board size during a proxy fight or other possible contests for control should be opposed. Allowing directors to alter the terms of a contest while it is underway is not in shareholders’ interests, as this tactic could be used to thwart a takeover that is in shareholders’ interests.

 

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Two-Tiered Boards

Companies in many countries have a two-tiered board structure, comprising a supervisory board of non-executive directors and a management board with executive directors. The supervisory board oversees the actions of the management board, while the management board is responsible for the company’s daily operations. At companies with two-tiered boards, shareholders elect members to the supervisory board only; the supervisory board appoints management board members. In Austria, Brazil, the Czech Republic, Germany, Peru, Poland, Portugal, and Russia, two-tiered boards are the norm. Company law in France and Spain also permits them.

 

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Capital Systems

Companies have one of two main types of capital systems: authorized and conditional. Both systems provide companies with the means to finance business activities, but they are considerably different in structure. Which system a company uses is determined by the economic and legal structure of the market in which it operates.

Authorized Capital System

The authorized capital system sets a limit in a company’s articles on the total number of shares that can be issued by the company’s board. The system allows companies to issue shares from this pre-approved limit, although in many markets shareholder approval must be obtained prior to an issuance. Companies also request shareholder approval for increases in authorization when the amount of shares contained in the articles is inadequate for issuance authorities. RMG reviews proposals for such increases based on the following criteria: the history of issuance requests; the size of the request; the purpose of the issuance (general or specific) associated with the increase in authorization; and the status of preemptive rights (see Share Issuance Requests).

Conditional Capital System

Under the conditional capital system, companies seek authorizations for pools of capital with fixed periods of availability. For example, if a company seeks to establish a pool of capital for general issuance purposes, it requests the creation of a certain number of shares with or without preemptive rights, issuable piecemeal at the discretion of the board for a fixed period of time. Shares unissued after the fixed time period lapse. This type of authority would be used to carry out a general rights issue or small issuances without preemptive rights.

Requests for a specific issuance authority are tied to a specific transaction or purpose, such as an acquisition or the servicing of convertible securities. Such authorities cannot be used for any purpose other than that specified in the authorization. In this case, a company requests the creation of a certain number of shares with or without preemptive rights, issuable as needed for the specific purpose requested. This pool of conditional capital also carries a fixed expiration date.

In reviewing these proposals, RMG takes into consideration the existence of pools of capital from previous years. Because most capital authorizations are for several years, new requests may be made on top of the existing pool of capital. While most requests contain a provision to eliminate earlier pools and replace them with the current request, this is not always the case. Thus, if existing pools of capital are being left in place, the aggregate potential dilution amount from all capital should be considered.

 

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Share Issuance Requests

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

General Issuances:

Vote FOR issuance requests with preemptive rights to a maximum of 100 percent over currently issued capital.

Vote FOR issuance requests without preemptive rights to a maximum of 20 percent of currently issued capital.

Specific Issuances:

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on all requests, with or without preemptive rights.

General Issuances

General issuance requests under both authorized and conditional capital systems allow companies to issue shares to raise funds for general financing purposes. Approval of such requests gives companies sufficient flexibility to carry out ordinary business activities without having to bear the expense of calling shareholder meetings for every issuance.

Issuances can be carried out with or without preemptive rights. Preemptive rights permit shareholders to share proportionately in any new issuances of stock. These rights guarantee existing shareholders the first opportunity to purchase shares of new issuances of stock in the class they own in an amount equal to the percentage of the class they already own. Corporate law in many countries recognizes preemptive rights and requires shareholder approval to waive such rights.

RMG believes that the ability to double share capital through a rights issue (with preemptive rights) provides the company with sufficient financing to meet most contingencies. Rights issues for general capital needs of more than 100 percent of outstanding capital warrant shareholder approval. Issuance authorities of more than 100 percent can lead to excessive cash calls on shareholders, requiring them to provide the funds necessary to maintain their relative positions in the company or to accept substantial dilution.

In some cases, companies may need the ability to raise funds for routine business contingencies without the expense of carrying out a rights issue. Such contingencies could include the servicing of option plans, small acquisitions, or payment for services. When companies make issuance requests without preemptive rights, shareholders suffer dilution as a result of such issuances. Therefore, authorizations should be limited to a fixed number of shares or a percentage of capital at the time of issuance. While conventions regarding this type of authority vary widely among countries, RMG routinely approves issuance requests without preemptive rights for up to 20 percent of a company’s outstanding capital.

Stock exchange listing rules also play a factor in determining the acceptability of share issuance requests. In some markets, companies may ask for the authority to issue all of their authorized but unissued share capital, yet the country’s stock exchange prevents a company from issuing more than ten percent of the company’s share capital in any one year without seeking additional shareholder approval. Another example is global companies that are listed on NASDAQ or the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Generally speaking, companies listed on NASDAQ and the NYSE must seek shareholder approval for any issuance of shares or of securities convertible into shares in excess of 20 percent of the company’s outstanding shares at the time of issuance. If stock exchange listing requirements include adequate safeguards with respect to share issuances, RMG will approve the request unless there are specific concerns with the company.

 

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Specific Issuances

Specific issuance requests should be judged on their individual merits. For example, a company may request the issuance of shares for an acquisition in the form of a rights issue to raise funds for a cash payment, or else a company could request an issuance without preemptive rights for use in a share-based acquisition or issuance to a third party. Such a request could be of any size, and RMG recommends approval as long as the proposal is sound. A more routine request would be an authority to issue shares without preemptive rights for issuance as needed upon conversion of convertible securities or to service a share option plan. These shares can only be used for the purpose defined in the resolution.

 

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Increases in Authorized Capital

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR non-specific proposals to increase authorized capital up to 100 percent over the current authorization unless the increase would leave the company with less than 30 percent of its new authorization outstanding.

Vote FOR specific proposals to increase authorized capital to any amount, unless:

 

   

The specific purpose of the increase (such as a share-based acquisition or merger) does not meet RMG guidelines for the purpose being proposed; or

 

   

The increase would leave the company with less than 30 percent of its new authorization outstanding after adjusting for all proposed issuances.

Vote AGAINST proposals to adopt unlimited capital authorizations.

Discussion

Increases in authorized capital are requested both for general financing flexibility and to provide for a specific purpose. Companies need an adequate buffer of unissued capital in order to take advantage of opportunities during the year, thus they often request increases in authorized capital for no specific purpose other than to retain this flexibility. RMG believes that approving such requests is reasonable.

An increase of 100 percent over the existing authorization gives the company sufficient flexibility in any given year, but requiring that at least 30 percent of the new authorization be outstanding also limits the company’s ability to abuse this privilege. If a company wishes to issue shares for any unforeseen reason during the year that would double (or possibly triple) outstanding share capital, an EGM to seek shareholder approval is justified.

Another important consideration is the status of preemptive rights. Not all countries recognize shareholders’ preemptive rights, and excessive authorizations could lead to substantial dilution for existing shareholders. When preemptive rights are not guaranteed, companies do not need shareholder approval for share issuances as long as the issuance does not result in an increase above the authorized capital limit.

For specific requests, increases in capital up to any size may be justified if the purpose of the new authorization is in shareholders’ interests. Such increases may be needed to fund a variety of corporate activities, thus each proposal must be reviewed on its individual merits. However, the same concerns with dilution exist if the outstanding capital is still less than 30 percent of the new authorization after all issuances take place.

RMG recommends that shareholders vote against proposals seeking to increase authorized capital to an unlimited number of shares. RMG does not believe that companies need unlimited financial flexibility to transact ordinary business because such an arrangement precludes management from periodically consulting shareholders for new capital. Unlimited authorizations may also be used as antitakeover devices, and they have the potential for substantial voting and earnings dilution; they are not in shareholders’ interests.

 

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Reduction of Capital

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR proposals to reduce capital for routine accounting purposes unless the terms are unfavorable to shareholders.

Vote proposals to reduce capital in connection with corporate restructuring on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Proposals to reduce capital can cover a variety of corporate actions, ranging from routine accounting measures to reductions pertaining to a significant corporate restructuring in the face of bankruptcy. In addition, proposals to reduce capital can vary significantly from market to market as a result of local laws and accounting standards. Some examples of capital reduction proposals found overseas include:

Reduction in Stated Capital

One example of this type of proposal asks shareholders to allow the board to reduce the company’s deficit and create a contributed surplus by effecting a reduction in the state capital of the company’s common shares. A company may take this action if its net assets are in danger of falling below the aggregate of its liabilities and its stated capital. Should that situation occur, under some corporate law statutes the company would be prohibited from paying dividends on its shares. RMG usually supports such proposals as they are considered to be routine accounting measures. This type of proposal is seen often in Canada.

Reduction in Connection with Cancellation of Repurchased Shares

A company may also seek a reduction in capital corresponding to the cancellation of shares repurchased in connection with an earlier buyback authorization. The amount of equity that may be cancelled is usually limited to ten percent by national law. This type of proposal is seen most often in Scandinavia, Japan, Spain, and some Latin America markets and is considered a routine accounting measure.

Reduction in Connection with Dividend Payments

If a board determines growth in income to be insufficient to enable the payment of a dividend, it may propose to lower the par value of the company’s shares and pay the difference in par value back to the shareholders, effecting a corresponding reduction in capital. Such reduction is normally effected proportionately against all outstanding capital, and therefore does not involve any material change relative to shareholder value.

Thus, RMG generally recommends that shareholders vote for these proposals, which are most often seen in Switzerland, Spain, and some Latin American markets.

Reduction in Connection with Repayment and Cancellation of Deferred Shares and Preference Shares

Companies may also seek approval for the reduction of share capital pursuant to a repayment and cancellation of deferred shares or preference shares. Deferred shares may be created as bonus shares by a company capitalizing credit from a share premium account pursuant to a reorganization plan, for example, to return excess capital back to shareholders. The company then repurchases the bonus shares in exchange for cash equal to their nominal value and cancels them through a capital reduction. Companies that have preference shares outstanding may also request to cancel and repay these shares which may no longer be required for the carrying out of their financial objectives and may accrue administration costs which have become disproportionate to the

 

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benefits of maintaining such shares. Preference shares also carry certain rights that restrict the flexibility of conducting certain corporate actions, in particular share repurchases, which is another reason why companies propose to cancel such shares. In either case, RMG supports such reductions as they simplify capital structure and save on administration costs and remove certain restrictions associated with preference shares. This type of proposal is commonly seen in the United Kingdom.

Reduction in Connection with Restructuring

As noted above, some proposals to reduce capital are made in connection with a significant corporate restructuring. RMG generally supports such proposals because opposition could lead to insolvency, which is not in shareholders’ interests. Evaluation of this type of proposal should take a realistic approach to the company’s situation and the future prospects for shareholders.

 

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Capital Structures

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR resolutions that seek to maintain or convert to a one-share, one-vote capital structure.

Vote AGAINST requests for the creation or continuation of dual-class capital structures or the creation of new or additional supervoting shares.

Discussion

A key decision for any business is determining its capital structure. When timed correctly, sophisticated capital management — finding the right mixes of equity, long-term debt, and short-term financing — can enhance shareholder returns. This process involves coordination of important issues, including dividend policy, tax and interest rates, types of assets, opportunities for growth, ability to finance new projects internally, and cost of obtaining additional capital.

These decisions are best left to a company’s board and senior management, who should be given the latitude to determine the company’s capital structure. However, shareholders should be aware that many financing decisions could have an adverse effect on shareholder returns. For example, additional equity financing may reduce an existing shareholder’s ownership interest and can dilute the value of the investment. Some capital requests can be used as takeover defenses; in response to this situation, company laws establish limits on management’s authority to issue new capital and often require shareholder approval for significant changes in management’s existing authorizations.

RMG supports a one-share, one-vote policy and opposes mechanisms that skew voting rights. Shareholders’ voting rights should accrue in accordance with their equity capital commitment to the company. Dual-class capital structures entrench certain shareholders and management, insulating them from possible takeovers or other external influence or action. The interests of parties with voting control may not be the same as those of shareholders constituting a majority of the company’s capital. Additionally, research and market experience have shown that companies with dual-class capital structures or other antitakeover mechanisms consistently trade at a discount to similar companies without such structures.

When companies with dual class capital structures seek shareholder approval for the creation of new shares, RMG opposes the creation of additional supervoting shares because this perpetuates the dual class structure. If companies are seeking to increase ordinary or subordinate share capital, RMG reviews such requests on a case-by-case basis. If the shares are needed for a specific purpose, RMG recommends approval as long as the proposal meets the issuance guidelines for specific requests. Refusing such requests could cause an immediate loss of shareholder value by not allowing the company to carry out its ordinary business. However, RMG opposes general share creation requests on the grounds that they would perpetuate unequal voting structures. If shareholders routinely approve the creation of ordinary or subordinate voting shares, the company has no incentive to reform its capital structure. By not approving such requests, shareholders can send a signal of dissatisfaction to management.

If a company submits a proposal, which in effect would narrow the gap between the number of votes attached to each share class but not necessarily eliminate the inequality, RMG may still consider supporting the proposal since it entails an improvement compared to the current situation.

 

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Preferred Stock

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR the creation of a new class of preferred stock or for issuances of preferred stock up to 50 percent of issued capital unless the terms of the preferred stock would adversely affect the rights of existing shareholders.

Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible preferred stock as long as the maximum number of common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets RMG’s guidelines on equity issuance requests.

Vote AGAINST the creation of a new class of preference shares that would carry superior voting rights to the common shares.

Vote AGAINST the creation of blank check preferred stock unless the board clearly states that the authorization will not be used to thwart a takeover bid.

Vote proposals to increase blank check preferred authorizations on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Preferred stock is an equity security, but also has certain features that liken it to debt instruments, such as fixed dividend payments, seniority of claims relative to regular common stock, and (in most cases) no voting rights except on matters that affect the seniority of preferred stock as a class. Preferred stock usually ranks senior to a company’s ordinary shares with respect to dividends and the distribution of assets or winding up of the company. Preferred stock can be an effective means of raising capital without increasing debt levels, especially if a company has recently concluded a series of acquisitions.

In determining the acceptability of proposals relating to preferred stock, RMG examines the rights and terms of the proposed shares, including their designation, conditions, restrictions, and limitations. RMG prefers that the terms of preferred stock be set out at the time of the issuance or authorization request. Also important is the company’s justification for issuing or authorizing preferred stock. Whether or not the preferred shares carry voting rights is also considered, especially if the preferred stock will feature superior voting rights to the common shares. While RMG believes that preferred shares are a valid form of financing, we also believe that the creation or issuance of preference shares should be limited to 50 percent of a company’s share capital. RMG will also oppose cases where there has been evidence of management abuse of a past issuance authority.

Voting Preferred Stock

In some markets, preferred stock carries voting rights. Such preference shares may carry voting rights equal to the voting rights of the common shares or may carry multiple voting rights. In such cases, RMG’s guidelines on capital structure are applied. RMG supports a one share, one vote policy and opposes measures that seek to establish dual-class capital structures. However, if a company already has a preference share authorization with different voting rights than the common shares, RMG will approve additional issuances of the preference shares, as long as issuances of these preferred shares are limited and do not adversely affect the rights of common shareholders.

Convertible Preferred Stock

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calculates the maximum number of shares that could be issued upon conversion to determine the potential amount of dilution that could result for common shareholders as a result of the proposal. RMG’s equity issuance guidelines are then applied to determine whether the level of dilution is in shareholder’s best interests.

Blank Check Preferred Stock

Companies may also seek shareholder approval for blank check preferred stock, which refers to blanket authorities to issue preferred stock under which the directors are allowed to set the size, terms, and recipient of such shares at the time of issuance. Blank check preferred stock can be used for legitimate corporate purposes such as raising capital or making acquisitions. By not establishing the terms of preferred stock at the time the class of stock is created, companies maintain the flexibility to tailor their preferred stock offerings to prevailing market conditions. However, blank check preferred stock can also be used as an entrenchment device. The ability to issue a block of preferred stock with multiple voting or conversion rights to a friendly investor is a powerful takeover defense.

RMG supports blank check preferred stock proposals as long as the proposal states that the shares will not be issued as a takeover defense. RMG also considers, on a case-by-case basis, proposals to increase authorizations of blank check preferred stock when shareholders have already approved the class of stock and the company has a history of issuing such stock for legitimate financing purposes. Theoretically, companies with authorized blank check preferred stock can use these shares for antitakeover purposes as long as there are a few shares remaining, as they are free to set voting or conversion terms with each issue. Therefore, an increase in authorization may have little effect on the usage of this stock. In cases where a company has issued preferred stock from its authorization for legitimate financing purposes, there is no reason to object to an increase.

 

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Debt Issuance Requests

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote non-convertible debt issuance requests on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, with or without preemptive rights.

Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible debt instruments as long as the maximum number of common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets RMG’s guidelines on equity issuance requests.

Vote FOR proposals to restructure existing debt arrangements unless the terms of the restructuring would adversely affect the rights of shareholders.

Discussion

Debt issuance is a popular financing strategy in world markets. Companies routinely issue bonds directly to shareholders in order to raise funds while enjoying low borrowing costs, although bonds are also often issued without preemptive rights. The issuance of unsecured debt can often include warrants, which are detached at the time of bond issuance. Warrants are usually attached to a debt issuance in order to enhance the marketability of the accompanying fixed income security. Debt instruments are often issued with the right to convert into equity securities. Convertible bonds give holders the choice of becoming shareholders, thereby increasing the shareholder base and liquidity of the company’s stock, or selling their newly converted shares on the open market. In addition, many companies issue debt denominated in currencies other than that of their home market.

When evaluating a debt issuance request, RMG determines the type of debt instrument being issued, the characteristics of the instrument (including whether or not it is convertible into common stock), the intended recipient of the issuance, and the company’s justification for the issuance.

In the case of convertible debt, RMG evaluates the conversion ratio and calculates the maximum number of shares that could be issued upon conversion to determine the potential amount of dilution that could result from the proposal. RMG’s equity issuance guidelines are then applied to determine whether the level of dilution is in shareholders’ best interests.

In the case of non-convertible debt, RMG takes into account the size and purpose of the increase, and the board’s use of past authorizations including examining whether there has been a history of abuse of the authorities. RMG looks at the company’s current financial situation, specifically examining its current debt-to-equity ratio, or gearing level. A high gearing level may incline markets and financial analysts to downgrade the company’s bond rating, increasing its investment risk factor in the process. RMG also considers other factors such as the company’s growth over the past five years relative to earnings or market capitalization, recent corporate events that might affect the company’s bottom line (such as the acquisition of a major competitor or the release of a revolutionary product), and the normal debt levels in the company’s industry and country of origin. Although all of these considerations are factored into RMG’s analysis of debt issuance proposals, RMG generally believes that such financing concerns are best decided by management. RMG will, however, issue vote recommendations against such proposals in cases where there has been evidence of management abuse of an authority, where the proposal is not in line with market practices, or extreme cases where shareholders’ rights could be negatively affected.

Companies may also seek shareholder approval to restructure existing debt arrangements. RMG generally supports restructuring proposals, particularly if the company is in danger of default. However, RMG will oppose restructuring proposals in which common shareholders are being treated unfairly.

 

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Pledging of Assets for Debt

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote proposals to approve the pledging of assets for debt on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

In certain countries, shareholder approval is required when a company needs to secure a debt issuance with its assets. In many cases, this is a routine request and is a formality under the relevant law. When reviewing such proposals, RMG takes into account the terms of the proposed debt issuance and the company’s overall debt level. If both of these factors are acceptable, RMG recommends supporting these requests.

 

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Increase in Borrowing Powers

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote proposals to approve increases in a company’s borrowing powers on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

In some countries, companies are required to seek shareholder approval for increases in their aggregate borrowing power authorities. The aggregate limit on the board’s ability to borrow money is often fixed in a company’s articles, and shareholder approval to change this limit is therefore legally required. RMG believes that a company’s financing needs are best determined by the board, and modest increases in borrowing powers are necessary to allow the company to take advantage of new acquisition opportunities or to complete development and restructuring projects. RMG’s analysis of borrowing power increase requests takes into account management’s stated need for the increase, the size of the increase, and the company’s current gearing level. Large increases in borrowing powers can sometimes result in dangerously high debt-to-equity ratios that could harm shareholder value. If an increase is excessive without sufficient justification and if a company already has exceptionally high gearing compared to its industry, RMG recommends opposing the request.

 

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Share Repurchase Plans

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Generally vote FOR share repurchase programs/market repurchase authorities, provided that the proposal meets the following parameters:

 

   

Maximum volume: 10 percent for market repurchase within any single authority and 10 percent of outstanding shares to be kept in treasury (“on the shelf”)

 

   

Duration does not exceed 18 months.

RMG will recommend AGAINST any proposal where:

 

   

The repurchase can be used for takeover defense;

 

   

There is clear evidence of abuse;

 

   

There is no safeguard against selective buybacks;

 

   

Pricing provisions and safeguards are deemed to be unreasonable in light of market practice

RMG may support share repurchase plans in excess of 10 percent volume under exceptional circumstances, such as one-off company specific events (e.g. capital restructuring). Such proposals will be assessed CASE-BY-CASE based on merits, which should be clearly disclosed in the annual report, provided that following conditions are met:

 

   

The overall balance of the proposed plan seems to be clearly in shareholders’ interests;

 

   

The plan still respects the 10 percent maximum of shares to be kept in treasury.

Discussion

Proposals regarding share repurchase plans are routine in most countries, and such plans are usually sufficiently regulated by local laws or listing requirements to protect shareholder interests.

RMG looks for the following conditions in share repurchase plans: limitations on a company’s ability to use the plan to repurchase shares from third parties at a premium; limitations on the exercise of the authority to thwart takeover threats; and a requirement that repurchases be made at arm’s length through independent third parties and that selective repurchases require shareholder approval.

Share repurchase programs often involve positive financial consequences to shareholders, as they generally increase the level of earnings per share and bring greater liquidity to the share. Therefore we are generally supportive of share buybacks.

For markets that either generally do not specify the maximum duration of the authority or seek a duration beyond 18 months that is allowable under market specific legislation, RMG will assess the company’s historic practice. If there is evidence that a company has sought shareholder approval for the authority to repurchase shares on an annual basis, RMG will support the proposed authority. In Greece, the legal framework allows share repurchase authorizations to last a maximum of 24 months, although they are typically renewed on a yearly basis. Greek companies typically request shareholders to approve share repurchase schemes in line with provisions in the Company Act. Rarely does a company specify the exact duration of the authorization. Therefore, it is assumed that the duration could be up to 24 months, as foreseen in the legal framework. Around half of Austrian companies restrict share repurchase plans to a limit of 18 months, the majority of Austrian companies either ask for a maximum of 30 months or do not disclose the duration at all.

 

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Reissuance of Shares Repurchased

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR requests to reissue any repurchased shares unless there is clear evidence of abuse of this authority in the past.

Discussion

RMG generally believes that properly timed repurchases of company shares can enhance shareholder value and improve general shareholder returns. With good timing and proper safeguards, the same returns and improvements in shareholder value can be generated through the reissuance of the shares repurchased. In most countries, the text of this general mandate provides sufficient shareholder protection to make this item routine. When reviewing such proposals, RMG takes into account the country’s legal framework for such reissuances and the company’s history of reissuing shares under the authority.

 

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Capitalization of Reserves for Bonus Issues/Increase In Par Value

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR requests to capitalize reserves for bonus issues of shares or to increase par value.

Discussion

Companies routinely carry out bonus issues of shares or increases in par value to existing shareholders, usually through the capitalization of reserves from either the share premium reserve or the retained earnings account. Capitalization of these reserves — transferring them into the share capital account — usually requires shareholder approval. These issuances essentially function as dividends.

When companies increase par value or capitalize reserves and distribute new fully paid shares to shareholders free of charge through a bonus issue, there is no cost to shareholders to maintain their stakes and no risk of dilution. This procedure transfers wealth to shareholders and does not significantly impact share value. The only impact on shareholders is that by increasing the number of shares on issue, the company could increase liquidity, enhance marketability, and ultimately expand its shareholder base.

 

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Reorganizations/Restructurings

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote reorganizations and restructurings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Requests to approve corporate reorganizations or restructurings range from the routine shuffling of subsidiaries within a group to major rescue programs for ailing companies. RMG usually approves such resolutions unless there are clear conflicts of interest among the various parties, shareholders’ rights are being negatively affected, or certain groups or shareholders appear to be getting a better deal at the expense of general shareholders.

In the case of routine reorganizations of assets or subsidiaries within a group, RMG’s primary focus with the proposed changes is to ensure that shareholder value is being preserved. This includes the effect of the reorganization on the control of group assets, the final ownership structure, the relative voting power of existing shareholders if the share capital is being adjusted, and the expected benefits arising from the changes.

In the case of a distress restructuring of a company or group, shareholders’ options are far more limited; often, they have no choice but to approve the restructuring or lose everything. In such cases, RMG first determines the company’s degree of distress by determining whether or not the company still has a positive net asset value — that is, if realizable assets are greater than liabilities. Although rare, liquidation should be considered an option in these situations.

In most cases, however, the company has a negative asset value, meaning that shareholders would have nothing left after a liquidation. RMG seeks to ensure that the degree of dilution proposed is consistent with the claims of outside parties and is commensurate with the relative commitments of other company stakeholders. Existing shareholders usually must accept the transfer of majority control over the company to outside secured creditors. Ultimately, ownership of a small percentage of something is worth more than majority ownership of nothing.

 

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Mergers and Acquisitions

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following:

For every M&A analysis, RMG reviews publicly available information as of the date of the report and evaluates the merits and drawbacks of the proposed transaction, balancing various and sometimes countervailing factors including:

 

   

Valuation — Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness opinion may provide an initial starting point for assessing valuation reasonableness, RMG places emphasis on the offer premium, market reaction, and strategic rationale.

 

 

   

Market reaction — How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative market reaction will cause RMG to scrutinize a deal more closely.

 

 

   

Strategic rationale — Does the deal make sense strategically? From where is the value derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be overly aggressive or optimistic, but reasonably achievable. Management should also have a favorable track record of successful integration of historical acquisitions.

 

 

   

Conflicts of interest — Are insiders benefiting from the transaction disproportionately and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders? RMG will consider whether any special interests may have influenced these directors and officers to support or recommend the merger.

 

 

   

Governance — Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than the current governance profiles of the respective parties to the transaction? If the governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden is on the company to prove that other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance.

 

Vote AGAINST if the companies do not provide sufficient information upon request to make an informed voting decision.

Discussion

When evaluating the merits of a proposed acquisition, merger, or takeover offer, RMG focuses on the impact of the proposal on shareholder value, both in the immediate and long term. The primary concern is to determine whether or not the proposal is beneficial to shareholders’ existing and future earnings stream and to ensure that the impact on voting rights is not disproportionate to that benefit. Although RMG examines these proposals closely from a corporate governance perspective, a variety of other factors are considered, including the financial terms of the transaction and the strategic rationale for the proposal.

In the case of an acquisition, RMG examines the level of voting or earnings dilution and the logic of the proposed purchase if large share issuances are required. The method of financing is also important, as various methods can result in different valuations than originally perceived. RMG also checks for an independent valuation of the terms, particularly if the target of the acquisition is not a publicly traded entity or asset and precise market valuations are not readily available. RMG also considers the control premium in the transaction. Control premiums on acquisitions vary widely depending on the industry, the time period, and the country. For publicly traded entities or assets, RMG looks at the price of the acquisition relative to the average market price prior to any announcement, as well as the historical price trends for 60 days prior. For non-publicly traded entities or assets, an independent financial evaluation becomes even more important.

 

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In the case of mergers, RMG examines whether or not the merger makes commercial or strategic sense for the company. RMG also considers the method of effecting the merger and the ultimate impact on shareholders of the proposed financial and corporate governance structure. While historical relative valuations based on market prices are useful in the financial evaluation process, the often-complicated financial details of such proposals make an independent fairness opinion of extreme importance. The proposed board structure, share capital structure, relative share ownership, and any takeover defenses of the new company are all important factors for consideration in this evaluation process.

Obviously, levels of disclosure regarding merger and acquisition proposals will vary greatly from market to market. In more developed markets, shareholders are often provided with detailed financial and governance information as well as an independent fairness opinion and in some cases, a formal valuation report. When evaluating proposals in these markets, RMG relies primarily on the documents and information provided by the company and its advisors. However, in many emerging markets, detailed information regarding mergers and acquisitions can be scarce. In these markets, RMG must rely more heavily on secondary sources, including local shareholder associations, market reaction to the proposed transaction, and news reports.

If the details of a given proposal are unclear or not available and a fairness opinion (in markets where they are regularly provided) is also not available, RMG recommends voting against the proposal. If a company is uncooperative in providing information about the proposal or is evasive when responding to questions, RMG recommends voting against the item in question.

 

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Mandatory Takeover Bid Waivers

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote proposals to waive mandatory takeover bid requirements on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Many countries impose a bid threshold that forces any shareholder whose stake exceeds the limit to tender a public bid to all the other owners to purchase the remaining shares. The thresholds are imposed either by national law, stock exchange rules, or a company’s articles of association. This mandatory takeover bid rule prohibits a shareholder from owning a large stake in the company and having a dominating voice in the decision-making without being required to purchase the remainder of the shares. Without such a requirement, the other shareholders, although potentially holding a substantial percentage of the company’s shares, would be left with relatively little say in decisions. Mandatory bid requirements also seek to prevent “creeping acquisitions” and to ensure that shareholders, other than the controlling shareholder, receive a control premium when control of the company shifts to the large shareholder.

RMG opposes proposals to exempt a large shareholder from the obligation to bid. The requirement that a takeover bid should be launched when a substantial amount of shares have been acquired prevents the entrenchment of the controlling shareholder and protects minority owners.

RMG does make an exception to the mandatory takeover bid rule when the event prompting the takeover bid is a repurchase by the company of its own shares. When a company repurchases its own shares, the relative stake of a large shareholder increases even though the number of shares held by the large shareholder has not changed. In certain markets, notably the United Kingdom and Ireland, the mandatory bid rules require a large shareholder to make a takeover bid if its stake in the company is increased on a relative basis as a result of a share repurchase by the company. Companies in these markets may seek a waiver from the takeover bid requirement applicable to their large shareholder. Under certain circumstances, RMG will support such a waiver, namely, if the share repurchase would not push the large shareholder’s stake in the company above 50 percent.

 

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Reincorporation Proposals

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote reincorporation proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Reincorporation proposals are most commonly seen in Canada, where companies may register under one of the provincial business statutes. However, companies in other countries may also seek shareholder approval to reincorporate in a U.S. state or another country. Many companies, including U.S. companies, choose to reincorporate in places such as Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, or the British Virgin Islands for tax purposes.

When examining a reincorporation proposal, RMG first examines the reasons for the move. Sometimes a reincorporation proposal is part of a restructuring effort or merger agreement that contributes significantly to a company’s growth, financial health, and competitive position more than the anticipated negative consequences of incorporating in another province or country. Some reincorporations allow firms to realize lower taxes or incorporation fees. In addition, there may be advantages to incorporating in the province in which the company conducts the bulk of its business.

Companies often adopt a new charter or bylaws with increased protection for management upon reincorporation. For instance, many reincorporation proposals are bundled with the ratification of a new charter that increases the company’s capital stock or imposes a classified board. When such changes to the charter include the addition of negative corporate governance provisions, the impact of these new provisions on shareholders must be balanced against the anticipated benefits of the reincorporation.

RMG believes that reincorporations to countries, states, or provinces with less stringent disclosure requirements or corporate governance provisions are often management attempts to lessen accountability to shareholders. In such cases, RMG recommends voting against the proposal. The expenses involved in a change of domicile relating to legal and administrative fees, plus the greater entrenchment such a reincorporation could provide management, would likely harm shareholders’ interests. In cases where companies propose to move to a more protective province or country and supply reasonable financial reasons for doing so, the benefits of the reincorporation must be weighed against the costs of possible management entrenchment.

 

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Expansion of Business Activities

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote FOR resolutions to expand business activities unless the new business takes the company into risky areas.

Discussion

Companies are usually required by law to include in their articles of association or memorandum of association specific business purposes in the form of an objects clause. Because most countries require shareholder approval before articles can be amended, any change to the company’s objects clause requires shareholder approval. Countries often seek shareholder approval to amend the objects clause to expand business lines.

Expanding business lines is a decision usually best left to management, but there are some instances where RMG withholds support for such changes. If a company has performed poorly for several years and seeks business expansion into a risky enterprise, RMG would require further clarification from management regarding the purpose of the expansion. If the company does not provide a satisfactory business plan, RMG recommends that shareholders vote against the proposal.

 

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Related-Party Transactions

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote related-party transactions on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Shareholders are often asked to approve commercial transactions between related parties. A transaction between a parent company and its subsidiary, or a company’s dealings with entities that employ the company’s directors, are usually classified as related-party transactions and are subject to company law or stock exchange listing requirements that mandate shareholder approval. Shareholder approval of these transactions is meant to protect shareholders against insider trading abuses.

In most cases, both the rationale and terms of such transactions are reasonable. RMG looks for evidence of an evaluation of the transaction by an independent body, but this is not always available. Unless the agreement requests a strategic move outside the company’s charter or contains unfavorable terms, RMG recommends that shareholders support the proposal.

 

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Compensation Plans

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote compensation plans on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Disclosure on compensation in many markets is still not as extensive as U.S.-style disclosure. However, compensation plans are becoming more common on meeting agendas of non-U.S. companies, and the structures of these plans are of vital interest to shareholders. When given the opportunity to review these structures, RMG supports plans that motivate participants to focus on long-term shareholder value and returns, encourage employee stock ownership, and more closely align employee interests with those of shareholders.

For many years, RMG has employed a complex compensation model methodology for evaluating compensation proposals in the United States and Canada, but this has only been possible because of the extensive disclosure provided in these markets’ proxy circulars. This degree of disclosure is a reflection of strict regulatory requirements, investor concern and activity, and corporate governance sophistication.

Beyond the problems presented by limited disclosure, local conditions and traditions in particular countries also hinder the creation of a comprehensive compensation evaluation procedure. Standard market practice in one country may be illegal activity in another. Some countries establish numerical limits on the number of shares available under their plans, while others have percentage limits that apply over a specific length of time. Holding all global companies to the strict standards of the United States, for example, could result in recommendations against almost every compensation plan in many countries. Conversely, making too many allowances for local practices may only encourage poor governance standards over the long term.

RMG reviews three main types of compensation plans: stock option plans, incentive plans, and share purchase plans. Also included in this section are grants outside of plans. RMG analyzes plans by calculating the potential dilution under a company’s share plans and by analyzing plan features.

Stock Option Plans

Stock option plans grant participants an option to buy company shares at a set price (the exercise price). Shares are usually granted at market prices and may be exercised when the company’s share price reaches the exercise price. Participants may then purchase the promised shares at the strike price and may later sell the shares after their purchase (or after a defined holding period when the shares may not be sold).

When evaluating stock option plans, RMG’s first hurdle is obtaining information regarding the key terms of the plan. Ideally, we would like to see the full text of the plan, or a summary of the plan’s key terms, with information on the plan’s dilution, exercise price/presence of discounts, administration and participation, types of awards used, vesting provisions, and performance criteria. However, in many markets, especially where companies are only beginning to introduce stock-based compensation, information on key plan terms can be quite limited. RMG generally supports efforts to more closely align executive pay with shareholder interests, and generally encourages companies to improve their compensation disclosure practices. However, until disclosure standards improve in these markets, RMG believes that it would be counterproductive to oppose all plans in a given country on this basis. Still, some basic parameters are necessary in order for RMG to consider supporting a compensation plan. At a minimum, RMG requires information on the maximum potential dilution of a plan and information concerning the exercise price. If a plan meets our guidelines on these two points, RMG will support the plan. For markets where certain plan information is regularly disclosed, and a company has failed to provide this information to shareholders, RMG will vote against the plan on the basis of substandard disclosure.

 

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Among the criteria that RMG examines in evaluating stock option plans are the following, generally organized from criteria of greater importance to criteria of lesser importance:

Shares Reserved for Issuance of Options Under the Plan

The maximum number of shares RMG approves under a plan depends on the classification of a company’s stage of development as growth or mature. Growth companies are usually smaller, in new industries requiring significant research and development, and have restricted cash flows. A company in an established industry but expanding rapidly, or a mature company that is experiencing an extended period of rapid expansion, may also be classified as growth. Mature companies are characterized by stable sales and revenue growth, production efficiencies resulting from volume gains, and strong cash flow resulting from developed products in the payoff stage.

For mature companies, shares available under stock option plans should be no more than 5 percent of the issued capital at the time of approval under all plans. For growth companies, shares available should be no more than 10 percent of the issued capital at the time of approval under all plans. However, RMG will support plans at mature companies with dilution levels of up to 10 percent if the plan includes other positive features, such as challenging performance criteria or premium-priced options. These features partially offset dilution concerns, as their inclusion reduces the likelihood that options will become exercisable unless there is a clear improvement in shareholder value.

For all companies, an absolute number of shares fixed at the time of approval is ideal, but many countries do not include such a limit. In these cases, revolving limits (a certain percentage of issued shares at any one time) of 5 percent or 10 percent are common. The practice of setting a percentage of shares issuable over a certain number of years before or after the plan is adopted appears to be a compromise between these first two methods. RMG prefers plans where the limits are sufficiently spread out, e.g., 5 percent in five years, 10 percent in ten years. Revolving limits of 10 percent in ten years should also include “flow-rate” restrictions that further limit the plan’s dilution, such as a cap of “3 percent in three years,” “2.5 percent in five years,” or “1 percent in one year.”

Exercise Price

RMG prefers that options be priced at not less than 100 percent of the shares’ fair market value on the date of grant. Usually this is taken as the closing price of the company’s shares on the day prior to the date of grant. Some countries determine fair market value as an average of the trading price for the five days prior to the date of grant. This is a common and acceptable practice. Some emerging market countries use a 30-day average or longer to determine fair market value; these resolutions must be reviewed on a case-by-case basis, although provisions of longer than 30 days increase the possibility of discounted options.

Discounted Options, Restricted Stock, and Stock Grants

Many countries allow for options to be granted at a discount to market prices. RMG evaluates restricted stock, which is essentially a deeply discounted option often with mandatory vesting provisions, in the same manner as a discounted option. Restricted stock, which is generally offered at a 100-percent discount and vests in three to five years, is most often seen in the United States, but it is becoming increasingly popular in other jurisdictions. Stock grants are another type of discounted award in which company shares may be granted outright to recipients with no payment required for the receipt of shares. In the absence of performance criteria (see below), RMG opposes grants of discounted options, including restricted stock. Absent performance criteria or vesting provisions, holders of discounted options or restricted stock have an incentive to cash in their grants for an immediate return rather than hold on to their options for future gains, thereby reducing or eliminating the incentive value of such awards. RMG generally opposes stock grants as their incentive value is dubious.

 

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In very rare cases, RMG may consider supporting a plan that includes discounted options, including restricted stock, if the company has attached challenging performance criteria to the options, including price hurdles. Performance-based vesting provisions require tangible improvements in the company’s financial performance or share price before the discounted options or restricted shares can be exercised. Performance criteria are evaluated by reference to both the company’s country of incorporation and industry. Recipients of discounted options and restricted shares are required to tender less consideration, if any, to exercise their awards than recipients of market-priced options are required to tender; as a result, the former type of awards are more costly to shareholders from an economic perspective. However, the higher performance threshold imposed by suitably challenging performance criteria may mitigate the higher economic costs.

In general, RMG does not believe that vesting provisions, however stringent, sufficiently mitigate the excessive cost of discounted awards, but with respect to the use of restricted stock in U.S.-style stock option plans seen in global markets, RMG recognizes that restricted stock is a common feature of these plans, that often these awards represent only a small portion (usually significantly below 1 percent) of a company’s outstanding share capital, and that performance criteria are not common in U.S.-style plans. As a result, RMG believes that it would be counterproductive to oppose all such plans solely on the inclusion of restricted stock. However, RMG would only approve of plans that set out strict limits on such grants, include stringent vesting provisions, sufficiently challenging performance criteria, and that meet our guidelines in all other aspects.

Plan Administration

RMG opposes allowing the administering committee to grant options to itself due to the potential for abuse and conflicts of interest. Administration of plans should be in the hands of directors who are unable to participate in the plan. Plans administered by the full board should not allow voting by executive directors; plans administered by remuneration committees should be composed entirely of independent directors. Plans that allow non-executive directors to participate should not give them any discretion on individual grants; instead, an automatic system of grants should be introduced with fixed annual grants at market prices on a fixed date. Alternatively, RMG approves of separate non-executive director option plans with independent administration if the number of shares reserved for such plans is limited. Shares reserved for director plans, when combined with shares reserved for all of the company’s stock option plans should not exceed RMG’s aggregate dilution limits. In addition, shares reserved over the life of such a plan should not exceed 1 percent of a company’s outstanding share capital for mature companies and 1.6 percent for growth-oriented companies for a five-year plan. Shares reserved for non-executive director option grants in any one year should not exceed 0.2 percent for mature companies and 0.3 percent for growth companies.

Eligibility and Participation

RMG prefers separate plans for employees, directors, and non-executive directors, but most plans include all or some combination of these categories of participants. Other global plans distinguish between full-time and part-time employees or establish a set length of service to the company (usually one year) before options may be granted. Most plans allow the administrating committee to select plan participants.

Performance Criteria and Vesting Provisions

Performance criteria and vesting provisions are important considerations when evaluating a compensation plan, and the existence of long vesting provisions and realistic performance criteria may compensate for minor shortcomings in a plan. If a plan falls just beyond one of the above guidelines but has both performance criteria and vesting provisions, support may be justified. RMG prefers a minimum three-year vesting period. The ultimate goal of share option plans is to tie executive and employee remuneration to company performance and to give key employees and executives incentive to stay with the firm. We favor the inclusion of performance targets and graduated vesting schedules because awards that are contingent upon sustained and measurable improvements are more likely to fulfill their purpose of truly providing incentive. However, if a plan meets all

 

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other aspects of RMG’s guidelines, these two criteria are not mandatory, unless the inclusion of such provisions are standard in the company’s country of incorporation and a company has failed to include them.

Other Features Specific to Option Plans

Issue Terms

Some countries require optionees to pay a nominal fee (often equivalent to $0.01) for every option received. This is common and acceptable, although many companies that once enforced this provision are now deleting it from the rules of their plans.

Option Repricing

Some plans include specific provisions allowing for the repricing of options at the board’s discretion. RMG opposes plans that include option repricing when the exercise price is reduced in response to a dropping share price. Repricing outstanding options reduces the incentive that options provide to raise the share price for shareholders.

Financial Assistance

Some plans offer participants loans to pay the full exercise price on their options. If loans are part of a company’s option plan, RMG prefers that loans be made to employees as part of a broad-based, company-wide plan to encourage ownership rather than being given only to executive directors. RMG also prefers loans with interest set at market rates that must be paid back in full over a reasonable length of time. The absence of these features does not necessary warrant a recommendation against an option plan, but they are taken into consideration in RMG’s analysis of the plan.

Plans for International Employees

Many overseas companies introduce separate plans or delegate a special section of their option plan to deal with tax considerations raised by having a large number of employees working in other countries. Many of these plans contain provisions that deal directly with particular U.S. tax code provisions on stock options. RMG applies the same criteria to these plans as to country-specific plans.

Stock Appreciation Rights

Stock appreciation rights (SARs) allow participants to receive the difference between the exercise price and the market price at the date of exercise. Many companies use SARs in lieu of regular options. While SARs do not result in the dilution associated with large option exercises, there is little difference between a SAR and a regular option from a shareholder perspective because the financial cost to the company is the same. However, SARs do not encourage stock ownership by participants because they involve no purchase or sale of company stock. RMG reviews SARs in the context of the option plan under which they are issued.

Phantom Stock Option Plans

Phantom stock options offer participants cash bonuses based on the increase in share price during a set period of time. Phantom plans are distinct from SARs in that they often form their own separate plan. Some companies will create a phantom stock option plan to award employees who reside in countries that do not allow stock-based compensation. Participants are designated a set number of hypothetical (phantom) shares, on which the award is based. While RMG prefers compensation plans that encourage employee ownership, SARs and phantom options are an effective way to provide incentive.

 

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Superoptions

Superoptions exceed the limits in a particular country for the value of options granted to any one individual, although they are usually tied to significantly more restrictive vesting provisions and performance criteria. U.K. superoptions, for example, exceed the Association of British Insurers’ recommended limit that options represent no more than one times a participant’s salary in any year, yet the stricter performance criteria and longer vesting periods usually mitigate excessive grants. Additionally, dilution resulting from superoptions has historically been fairly moderate. Superoptions appear most often in advanced markets with developed stock option plans.

Dividends Under Option and Dividend Equivalent Payment Provisions

Most holders of stock options do not receive dividend payments. However, some option plans allow participants to receive dividends or dividend equivalent payments prior to the exercise of options. RMG believes that any economic benefit derived from option plans should occur at the time of exercise.

Using Repurchased Shares in Share Compensation Plans

In many countries, companies purchase shares on the market for use in their compensation plans. In some cases, using repurchased shares is more efficient than issuing new shares to participants on exercise. RMG also recognizes the benefits to existing shareholders when repurchased shares are used to fund option grants, as dilution to their interests is minimized. However, although there is no cost to shareholders in terms of dilution of their voting interests (“voting dilution”), buybacks still represent a real cost to the company and shareholders (“economic dilution”). As a result, if a company wants to use repurchased shares in its compensation plans, RMG will include repurchased shares in its dilution calculation and apply the same dilution thresholds as for newly issued shares (see above under “Shares Reserved for Issuance of Options under the Plan”) .

RMG recommends that shareholders support a plan if it includes a specified limit on the total number of shares that could be used and if repurchased shares would count toward that limit, as long as it meets all other guidelines. However, RMG looks for an additional limitation, either an aggregate numerical limit, a percentage limit, or limitations on individual awards, when repurchased shares do not count toward the plan’s limit on newly issued shares, but rather operate as an additional pool of shares.

Incentive Plans

Share incentive plans tie key employees’ compensation more directly to company performance. Though most popular in the United Kingdom, incentive plans are becoming increasingly popular across the globe. Incentive plans provide participants with free grants of company shares (or, less frequently, cash grants) in proportion with prearranged performance criteria-often earnings per share measured against inflation or total shareholder return. These indicators are frequently compared with those of other firms in the company’s industry or stock market index, creating a benchmark and a further determinant of the number of shares granted to a particular participant. Proponents of incentive plans note that they offer shareholders the potential for less dilution and that they more directly encourage participants to focus on long-term company performance through strict performance criteria tied to more than just share price movements.

Most incentive plans are organized with strict vesting provisions, where participants may not receive the share awards until after a period of three years or more. Many plans also grant a percentage of the total amount reserved for each participant on a sliding scale measured against performance criteria. Performance criteria targets that have been satisfied only to a certain point may represent disbursement of 25 percent of the shares or cash to a participant, while 100-percent satisfaction may represent the full allotment of the grant. From a shareholder perspective, this graduated system of performance criteria is a major advance.

Evaluation of incentive plans is similar to that of option plans in that acceptable dilution and impartial administration and eligibility remain key factors for a positive recommendation. Insufficient performance criteria or abbreviated vesting provisions are deciding factors as well.

 

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Employee Stock Purchase Plans and Savings-Related Share Option Schemes

Employee stock purchase plans and savings-related share option schemes (together, ESPPs) provide employees an opportunity to purchase stock in their company, often at a discount to market prices. Plans may operate via monthly deductions from employees’ paychecks, gathered and held for safekeeping by a trust or bank, and used to purchase company stock on behalf of the employee. ESPPs can lead to greater commitment from employees, provide performance incentives, and provide all employees the opportunity to share in the company’s growth.

ESPPs differ from stock option plans in that in an ESPP, all eligible participants have the option to participate in the plan and may choose how much they wish to contribute to the plan, whereas in a stock option plan, the administering committee chooses who actually participates in the plan, that is, receives options under the plan. RMG recommends approval for many of these plans because they encourage wide share ownership in the company among employees. When analyzing ESPPs for global companies, RMG considers the following factors:

Eligibility

This is an important factor when considering ESPPs proposed by global companies. For a plan to qualify as an ESPP, all full-time employees who have been with the company for a reasonable amount of time (some plans also allow for participation by part-time employees) must be eligible to participate in the plan, and more important, eligible participants must have the ability to determine whether they will participate and to what extent they will participate, subject to certain limits, as discussed below.

Dilution

Many markets, such as the United States, Canada, Ireland, and certain tax haven markets, differentiate between shares reserved for ESPPs and shares reserved for stock option plans. In these markets it is our practice to have separate dilution limits (a) for shares reserved for ESPPs, and (b) shares reserved for stock option plans. Other markets, notably the United Kingdom, do not reserve separate pools of shares for ESPPs and option plans, therefore we cannot make such distinctions.

For those markets that reserve a separate pool of shares for ESPPs, RMG policy is to exclude such shares from our dilution calculations for stock option plans. However, RMG policy provides that no more than 10 percent of a company’s shares may be reserved for ESPPs at any given time, with such 10 percent being over and above the company’s limit (either 5 or 10 percent) reserved for option plans, as long as discounts do not exceed 15 percent. Accordingly, a company could have up to 10 percent of its shares reserved for option plans and 10 percent of its shares reserved for ESPPs at any given time. If market practice dictates a larger discount under the ESPPs, the allowable dilution will be adjusted downward proportionately. For example, if a company is allowed to offer discounts of 30 percent, the allowable dilution will be 5 percent. Allowable dilution on discounts between 15 percent and 30 percent will be determined on a pro rata basis. Alternatively, RMG would consider a higher dilution limit for ESPPs if the company in question sufficiently limited dilution under its option plans.

For those markets that reserve a common pool of shares for ESPPs and stock option plans, RMG policy is to evaluate the dilution under the common pool of shares in accordance with the dilution limitations applicable to stock option plans.

Offering Period and Offering Price

The offering period, also known as the purchase period, is the time period over which a participant’s contributions are accumulated for the purchase of shares under the plan. The offering price is the company’s share price taken on a specific date, less the applicable discount, at which a participant’s accumulated payroll deductions are used to purchase shares. Both the offering period and the offering price are country- and

 

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plan-specific. For example, ESPPs that are intended to comply with Section 423 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (Section 423 Plans) and therefore qualify for favorable tax treatment may not have an offering period in excess of 27 months. Section 423 Plans, however, almost always provide for an “either/or” offering price, which provides participants the right to purchase shares at the lesser of the fair market value of that company’s shares, less the applicable discount, as of either the first or last day of the offering period. In contrast, plans in the United Kingdom and Ireland generally have a three-, five-, or even seven-year offering period, and the offering price is the fair market value on the date an employee commences participation in the plan.

RMG’s assessment of a plan takes into account the length of the offering period and the date on which the offering price is determined. If the plan has an “either/or” feature, a shorter offering period is in the interests of shareholders because such provisions reduce the market risk associated with the plan. The maximum offering period for plans with such a feature is 27 months. In contrast, if the offering price is based on the price of the company’s shares on the date plan participation commences, then a longer offering period is generally in the interests of shareholders, as it should more effectively focus the efforts of plan participants on increasing shareholder value. In these cases, the minimum offering period is three years.

Discounts

These are generally country-specific, e.g. the maximum discount under a Section 423 Plan is 15 percent. In the United Kingdom the maximum discount is 20 percent, and in Ireland it is 25 percent. The amount of the discount is often obscured because some plans do not provide for a discount per se, but rather provide that participants will receive matching shares. This practice is common in Canada. For instance, a plan may stipulate that for every two shares a participant purchases under a plan, the company will provide one “matching share” to the participant; in effect the participant receives three shares for the price of two, which is mathematically equivalent to a 33-percent discount. If a plan employs matching shares, the analyst must simply calculate the imputed discount using the maximum match.

In reviewing discounts, RMG takes into consideration the offering period and offering price. Because plans with “either/or” provisions reduce the market risk associated with plan purchases, we believe the maximum discount available under such plans should be 15 percent. However, RMG guidelines allow for greater discounts, up to 25 percent, for plans in which the offering price is based on the company’s share price on the date participation commences.

Limits on the Number or Value of Shares Purchasable (Participation Limits)

ESPPs must specify a limit on the number or value of shares each participant is eligible to purchase, for Section 423 Plans it is US$25,000 per year, in the United Kingdom and Ireland it is GBP 3,000 and IRP 3,000, respectively. Because the shares are discounted, there must be some limit on the ability of eligible employees to participate to prevent excessive dilution. This also limits the ability of executives to buy, via the plan, large amounts of discounted shares. Ideally, there should be a plan feature prohibiting employees who are large shareholders (5 percent in Section 423 Plans) from participating.

Loan Terms

Some plans offer participants loans to pay for the shares. If loans are part of a share purchase plan, RMG prefers that loans be made to employees as part of a broad-based, company-wide plan to encourage ownership rather than being given only to executive directors. RMG also prefers loans with interest set at market rates that must be paid back in full over a reasonable length of time. The absence of these features does not necessarily warrant a recommendation against a share purchase plan, but they are taken into consideration in RMG’s analysis of the plan.

 

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Grants Outside of Plans

Resolutions asking shareholders to approve specific grants of shares or cash outside of established plans are problematic. Some companies prefer not to adopt formal share plans, instead asking shareholders to approve yearly grants to specific employees. RMG prefers that companies make such grants in the context of an established plan.

RMG’s primary concern with grants outside of plans is the level of dilution they afford. The number of shares issued as part of the grants, when combined with the number of shares reserved for the company’s other share plans, must fall within acceptable dilution limits. Vesting provisions and performance criteria are also important and are evaluated on the same basis as if the grants were part of a formal plan.

 

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Antitakeover Mechanisms

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote AGAINST all antitakeover proposals unless they are structured in such a way that they give shareholders the ultimate decision on any proposal or offer.

Discussion

Common antitakeover mechanisms include staggered boards, supervoting shares, poison pills, unlimited authorized capital authorizations (including blank check preferred stock), and golden shares. Some of these restrictions are aimed solely at limiting share ownership by foreign or unwanted minority shareholders, and others are designed to preclude an unwanted takeover of the target company by any party. RMG opposes all forms of such mechanisms, as they limit shareholder value by eliminating the takeover or control premium for the company. As owners of the company, shareholders should be given the opportunity to decide on the merits of takeover offers.

Golden Shares

Recently privatized companies around the world often include in their share structure a golden share held by their respective governments. These shares often carry special voting rights or the power of automatic veto over specific proposals. Golden shares are most common among former state-owned companies or politically sensitive industries such as utilities, railways, and airlines. While the introduction of golden shares is not a desirable governance practice, RMG recognizes the political importance certain companies hold for governments and treats the introduction or amendment of government shares on a case-by-case basis.

Supermajority Vote Requirements

Supermajority vote requirements violate the principle that a simple majority of voting shares should be all that is necessary to effect change regarding a company and its corporate governance provisions. Requiring more than this may permit management to entrench themselves by blocking provisions that are in the best interest of shareholders. However, in many world markets, supermajority vote requirements for special resolutions or EGMs are the norm, either two-thirds or three-fourths of shares voting at the meeting (either in person or by proxy). When reviewing proposals to introduce supermajority vote requirements, RMG takes into account market norms, the company’s reasons for the change, and the company’s ownership structure.

 

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Shareholder Proposals

 

RMG General Recommendation & Policy

Vote all shareholder proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote FOR proposals that would improve the company’s corporate governance or business profile at a reasonable cost.

Vote AGAINST proposals that limit the company’s business activities or capabilities or result in significant costs being incurred with little or no benefit.

Discussion

RMG reviews all shareholder proposals to ascertain whether the proposal is beneficial or detrimental to shareholder value. Most resolutions fall into three basic categories: corporate governance, social, and environmental. While shareholder proposals in most countries are not as prevalent as they are in the United States, they are becoming more common, and standards for reviewing the various types of proposals are necessary.

Corporate Governance Proposals

Corporate governance-related proposals must be evaluated carefully because any changes can dramatically affect shareholder value. Support for such proposals must be measured against the likely impact that approval would have on the company’s operations. If a measure would improve disclosure of company activities in non-strategic areas and at minimal costs, RMG supports the proposal. If a proposal seeks to improve the company’s corporate governance structure, such as adopting board committees, eliminating staggered board structures, or canceling antitakeover instruments, approval is also warranted. However, if acceptance of a proposal is likely to lead to a disruption in board or management operations and to cause the company to incur significant costs without clear benefit, RMG recommends opposing the proposal.

Social and Environmental Proposals

In evaluating social and environmental proposals, RMG first determines whether or not the issue in question should be addressed on a company-specific basis. Many social and environmental issues are beyond the scope of any one company and are more properly the province of government and broader regulatory action. If this is the case, RMG recommends voting against the proposal.

Most proposals of this type require shareholders to apply subjective criteria in making their voting decision. While broader issues are of concern to everyone, institutional shareholders acting as representatives of their beneficiaries are required to consider only the ultimate interests of their direct beneficiaries. Relating the interests of their beneficiaries to the greater good can be a difficult process and a matter for individual determination. For this reason, RMG focuses on the financial aspects of social and environmental proposals. If a proposal would have a negative impact on the company’s financial position or adversely affect important operations, RMG recommends opposing the resolution. Conversely, if a proposal would have a clear and beneficial impact on the company’s finances or operations, RMG recommends supporting the proposal.

 

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2010 Taft-Hartley U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines

January 2010

 

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  

PROXY VOTING POLICY STATEMENT AND GUIDELINES

     B-156   

DIRECTOR ELECTIONS

     B-156   

Voting on Director Nominees in Uncontested Elections

     B-157   

Voting for Director Nominees in Contested Elections

     B-158   

Independent Directors

     B-159   

Non-Independent Chairman

     B-159   

Excessive Directorships

     B-160   

Performance/Governance Evaluation for Directors

     B-160   

Director Diversity

     B-161   

Stock Ownership Requirements

     B-162   

Classified Boards — Annual Elections

     B-162   

Board and Committee Size

     B-162   

Limit Term of Office

     B-163   

Cumulative Voting

     B-163   

Failure to Act on Shareholder Proposals Receiving Majority Support

     B-164   

Votes Against or Withholds from Directors for Shareholder Rights Plan (i.e. Poison Pills)

     B-164   

Shareholder Access to the Proxy (“Open Access”)

     B-165   

Majority Threshold Voting Requirement for Director Elections

     B-165   

Establish An Office of the Board

     B-166   

Director and Officer Indemnification ~ Liability Protection

     B-166   

Indemnification

     B-166   

COMPENSATION

     B-166   

Stock Option Plans

     B-168   

Methodology for Analyzing Pay Plans

     B-168   

Voting Power Dilution (VPD) Calculation

     B-169   

Fair Market Value, Dilution and Repricing

     B-169   

Burn Rate

     B-170   

Executive Concentration Ratio

     B-170   

Principle of Pay-For-Performance

     B-170   

Evergreen Provisions

     B-170   

Option Exchange Programs/Repricing Options

     B-170   

Problematic Compensation Practices and Compensation Committee Performance

     B-171   

Restricted Stock

     B-173   

Executive Holding Periods

     B-173   

Performance-Based Options

     B-173   

Options Backdating

     B-174   

Pension Plan Income Accounting

     B-174   

Shareholder Proposals to Limit Executive and Director Pay

     B-174   

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay) Shareholder Proposals

     B-174   

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay) Management Proposals

     B-174   

Compensation Consultants — Disclosure of Board or Company’s Utilization

     B-175   

Golden and Tin Parachutes

     B-175   

Executive Perks and Retirement/Death Benefits

     B-175   

Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)

     B-176   

OBRA-Related Compensation Proposals

     B-176   

Amendments to Add Performance-Based Goals

     B-176   

Amendments to Increase Shares and Retain Tax Deductions Under OBRA

     B-176   

Approval of Cash or Cash-and-Stock Bonus Plans

     B-176   

 

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AUDITORS

     B-177   

Auditor Independence

     B-177   

Auditor Ratification

     B-177   

Auditor Rotation

     B-178   

Auditor Indemnification and Limitation of Liability

     B-178   

Disclosures Under Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act

     B-179   

Adverse Opinions

     B-179   

TAKEOVER DEFENSES

     B-180   

Poison Pills

     B-180   

Greenmail

     B-181   

Shareholder Ability to Remove Directors

     B-181   

Shareholder Ability to Alter the Size of the Board

     B-181   

SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS

     B-181   

Confidential Voting

     B-181   

Shareholder Ability to Call Special Meetings

     B-182   

Shareholder Ability to Act by Written Consent

     B-182   

Unequal Voting Rights

     B-182   

Supermajority Shareholder Vote Requirement to Amend the Charter or Bylaws

     B-182   

Supermajority Shareholder Vote Requirement to Approve Mergers

     B-183   

Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses

     B-183   

Bundled Proposals

     B-183   

MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS/CORPORATE RESTRUCTURINGS

     B-184   

Fair Price Provisions

     B-184   

Corporate Restructuring

     B-185   

Appraisal Rights

     B-185   

Spin-offs

     B-185   

Asset Sales

     B-185   

Liquidations

     B-185   

Going Private Transactions (LBOs, Minority Squeezeouts)

     B-185   

Plans of Reorganization (Bankruptcy)

     B-185   

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

     B-187   

Common Stock Authorization

     B-187   

Reverse Stock Splits

     B-187   

Blank Check Preferred Authorization

     B-187   

Adjust Par Value of Common Stock

     B-188   

Preemptive Rights

     B-188   

Debt Restructuring

     B-188   

STATE OF INCORPORATION

     B-190   

Voting on State Takeover Statutes

     B-190   

Reincorporations Proposals

     B-190   

Offshore Reincorporations and Tax Havens

     B-190   

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY & ACCOUNTABILITY

     B-191   

I.    GENERAL CSR RELATED

     B-192   

Special Policy Review and Shareholder Advisory Committees

     B-192   

Operations in Protected or Sensitive Areas

     B-192   

Land Use

     B-192   

International Financial Related

     B-192   

Affirm Political Non-Partisanship

     B-193   

Political Contributions Reporting & Disclosure

     B-193   

Military Sales

     B-194   

Report on Operations in Sensitive Regions or Countries

     B-194   

Recycling Policy

     B-194   

 

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II.  CLIMATE CHANGE ~ GLOBAL WARMING

     B-194   

Kyoto Compliance

     B-195   

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

     B-195   

Investment in Renewable Energy

     B-195   

Sustainability Reporting and Planning

     B-195   

Endorsement of CERES Principles

     B-196   

III. WORKPLACE PRACTICES & HUMAN RIGHTS

     B-196   

Equal Employment Opportunity

     B-196   

High-Performance Workplace

     B-197   

Non-Discrimination in Retirement Benefits

     B-197   

Fair Lending Reporting and Compliance

     B-197   

MacBride Principles

     B-198   

Contract Supplier Standards

     B-198   

Corporate Conduct and Labor Code of Conduct

     B-199   

IV. CONSUMER HEALTH & PUBLIC SAFETY

     B-199   

Phase-out or Label Products Containing Genetically Engineered Ingredients

     B-199   

Tobacco-Related Proposals

     B-199   

Toxic Emissions

     B-199   

Toxic Chemicals

     B-200   

Nuclear Safety

     B-200   

Concentrated Area Feeding Operations (CAFOs)

     B-200   

Pharmaceutical Product Reimportation

     B-200   

Pharmaceutical Product Pricing

     B-201   

 

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TAFT-HARTLEY ADVISORY SERVICES

PROXY VOTING POLICY STATEMENT AND GUIDELINES

This statement sets forth the proxy voting policy of RiskMetrics’ Taft-Hartley Advisory Services. The U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) has stated that the fiduciary act of managing plan assets that are shares of corporate stock includes the voting of proxies appurtenant to those shares of stock and that trustees may delegate this duty to an investment manager. ERISA section 3(38) defines an investment manager as any fiduciary who is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisor Act of 1940. RiskMetrics is a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisor Act of 1940.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote the proxies of its clients solely in the interest of their participants and beneficiaries and for the exclusive purpose of providing benefits to them. The interests of participants and beneficiaries will not be subordinated to unrelated objectives. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services shall act with the care, skill, prudence, and diligence under the circumstances then prevailing that a prudent person acting in a like capacity and familiar with such matters would use in the conduct of an enterprise of a like character and with like aims. When proxies due to Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ clients have not been received, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will make reasonable efforts to obtain missing proxies. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services is not responsible for voting proxies it does not receive.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services shall analyze each proxy on a case-by-case basis, informed by the guidelines elaborated below, subject to the requirement that all votes shall be cast solely in the long-term interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plans. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services does not intend for these guidelines to be exhaustive. Hundreds of issues appear on proxy ballots every year, and it is neither practical nor productive to fashion voting guidelines and policies which attempt to address every eventuality. Rather, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ guidelines are intended to cover the most significant and frequent proxy issues that arise. Issues not covered by the guidelines shall be voted in the interest of plan participants and beneficiaries of the plan based on a worker-owner view of long-term corporate value. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services shall revise its guidelines as events warrant and will remain in full conformity with the AFL-CIO proxy voting policy.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services shall report annually to its clients on proxy votes cast on their behalf. These proxy voting reports will demonstrate Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ compliance with its responsibilities and will facilitate clients’ monitoring of Taft-Hartley Advisory Services. A copy of this Proxy Voting Policy Statement and Guidelines is provided to each client at the time Taft-Hartley Advisory Services is retained. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services shall provide its clients with revised copies of this proxy voting policy statement and guidelines whenever significant revisions have been made.

DIRECTOR ELECTIONS

Electing directors is the single most important stock ownership right that shareholders can exercise. By electing directors who share their views, shareholders can help to define performance standards against which management can be held accountable. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services holds directors to a high standard when voting on their election, qualifications, and compensation. We evaluate directors fairly and objectively, rewarding them for significant contributions and holding them ultimately accountable to shareholders for corporate performance. Institutional investors should use their voting rights in uncontested elections to influence financial performance and corporate strategies for achieving long term shareholder value.

Director accountability, independence and competence have become issues of prime importance to investors given the failings in oversight exposed by the global financial crisis. There is also concern over the environment in the boardrooms of certain markets, where past failures appear to be no impediment to continued or new appointments at major companies and may not be part of the evaluation process at companies in considering whether an individual is, or continues to be, fit for the role and best able to serve shareholder’s interests.

 

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Voting on Director Nominees in Uncontested Elections

Votes concerning the entire board of directors and members of key board committees are examined using the following five factors:

 

   

Lack of independence of the full board and key board committees (fully independent audit, compensation, and nominating committees);

 

   

Performance of the board and key board committees (flagrant actions by management or the board, excessive risk-taking, problematic governance provisions, egregious compensation practices, poor accounting practices, imprudent use of corporate assets, etc.);

 

   

Failure of the board to properly respond to high withhold/against votes or majority votes on shareholder proposals;

 

   

Poor long-term corporate performance record relative to peers, S&P 500 or Russell 3000 Indices;

 

   

Diversity of board.

Votes on individual director nominees are always made on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. Specific director nominee WITHHOLD/AGAINST1 votes can be triggered by one or more of the following factors:

 

   

Lack of a board that is at least two-thirds (67 percent) independent — i.e. where the composition of non-independent board members is in excess of 33 percent of the entire board;

 

   

Attendance of director nominees at board meetings of less than 75 percent in one year without valid reason or explanation;

 

   

Lack of independence on key board committees (i.e. audit, compensation, and nominating committees);

 

   

Failure to establish any key board committees (i.e. audit, compensation, or nominating);

 

   

Directors serving on an excessive number of other boards which could compromise their primary duties of care and loyalty;

 

   

Chapter 7 bankruptcy, Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) violations or fines, and criminal investigations by the Department of Justice (DOJ), Government Accounting Office (GAO) or any other federal agency;

 

   

Performance of compensation committee members and/or the entire board in relation to the approval of egregious or excessive executive compensation (including perquisites and cash and equity awards);

 

   

Performance of audit committee members concerning the approval of excessive non-audit fees, material weaknesses, and/or the lack of auditor ratification upon the proxy ballot;

 

   

If at the previous board election, any director received more than 50 percent withhold/against votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the underlying issue(s) that caused the high withhold/against vote;

 

   

The board failed to act on takeover offers where the majority of the shareholders tendered their shares;

 

   

The board lacks accountability and oversight, coupled with sustained poor performance relative to peers;

 

   

If the company has a classified board and a continuing director is responsible for a problematic governance issue at the board/committee level that would warrant a withhold/against vote, in addition

 

 

1

In general, companies with a plurality vote standard use “Withhold” as the valid contrary vote option in director elections; companies with a majority vote standard use “Against”. However, it will vary by company and the proxy must be checked to determine the valid contrary vote option for the particular company.

 

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to potential future withhold/against votes on that director, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services may vote against or withhold votes from any or all of the nominees up for election, with the exception of new nominees;

 

   

The presence of problematic governance issues including interlocking directorships, multiple related-party transactions or other issues putting director independence at risk;

 

   

Inadequate CEO succession planning, including the absence of an emergency and non-emergency/orderly CEO succession plan;

 

   

Material failures of governance, stewardship, or fiduciary responsibilities at the company, failure to replace management as appropriate, egregious actions related to the director(s)’ service on other boards that raise substantial doubt about his or her ability to effectively oversee management and serve the best interests of shareholders at any company.

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from the members of the Audit Committee when:

 

   

Consulting (i.e. non-audit) fees paid to the auditor are excessive;

 

   

Auditor ratification is not included on the proxy ballot;

 

   

The company receives an adverse opinion on the company’s financial statements from its auditor;

 

   

There is evidence that the audit committee entered into an inappropriate indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of the company, or its shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against the audit firm; or

 

   

Poor accounting practices such as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures, exist. Poor accounting practices may warrant voting against or withholding votes from the full board.

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from the members of the Compensation Committee when:

 

   

There is a negative correlation or disconnect between the CEO’s pay and company performance;

 

   

The company implements a repricing or an option exchange program, by buying out underwater options for stock, cash or other consideration or canceling underwater options and regranting options with a lower exercise price, without prior shareholder approval, even if such repricings are allowed in its equity plans;

 

   

The company fails to submit one-time transfers of stock options to a shareholder vote;

 

   

The company fails to fulfill the terms of a burn rate commitment they made to shareholders;

 

   

The company has backdated options (see Options Backdating policy);

 

   

There is evidence that management/board members are using company stock in hedging activities

 

   

The company has problematic compensation practices such as the provision of excise tax gross-ups, single and modified single trigger provisions, liberal change in control definitions, excessive executive perks and tax gross-ups on executive perks, excessive executive pay or disproportionately high compensation payouts tied to short-term financial results, etc. (see Probematic Pay Practices policy).

Problematic pay practices may warrant voting against or withholding votes from the entire board.

Voting for Director Nominees in Contested Elections

Contested elections of directors frequently occur when a board candidate or “dissident slate” seeks election for the purpose of achieving a significant change in corporate policy or control of seats on the board. Competing slates will be evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis with a number of considerations in mind. These include, but

 

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are not limited to, the following: personal qualifications of each candidate; the economic impact of the policies advanced by the dissident slate of nominees; and their expressed and demonstrated commitment to the interests of the shareholders of the company. Votes in a contested election of directors are evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis with the following seven factors in consideration:

 

   

Long-term financial performance of the target company relative to its industry;

 

   

Management’s track record;

 

   

Background to the proxy contest;

 

   

Qualifications of director nominees (both slates);

 

   

Strategic plan of dissident slate and quality of critique against management;

 

   

Likelihood that the proposed goals and objectives can be achieved (both slates);

 

   

Stock ownership positions.

Independent Directors

Board independence from management is of vital importance to a company and its shareholders. Accordingly, we believe votes should be cast in a manner that will encourage the independence of boards. Independence will be evaluated based upon a number of factors, including: employment by the company or an affiliate in an executive capacity; past or current employment by a firm that is one of the company’s paid advisors or consultants; personal services contract with the company; family relationships of an executive or director of the company; interlocks with other companies on which the company’s chairman or chief executive officer is also a board member; and service with a non-profit that receives significant contributions from the company.

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from non-independent director nominees (insiders and affiliated outsiders) where the entire board is not at least two-thirds (67 percent) independent;

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from non-independent director nominees (insiders and affiliated outsiders) when the nominating, compensation and audit committees are not fully independent;

 

   

Generally consider independent board members who have been on the board continually for a period longer than 10 years as affiliated outsiders;

 

   

Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that all key board committees (i.e. audit, compensation and/or nominating) include independent directors exclusively;

 

   

Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that the board be comprised of a two-thirds majority of independent directors.

Non-Independent Chairman

Two major components at the top of every public company are the running of the board and the executive responsibility for the running of the company’s business. Many institutional investors believe there should be a clear division of responsibilities at the head of the company that will ensure a balance of power and authority, such that no one individual has unfettered powers of decision. When there is no clear division between the executive and board branches of a company, poor executive and/or board actions often go unchecked to the ultimate detriment of shareholders. Since executive compensation is so heavily correlated to the managerial power relationship in the boardroom, the separation of the CEO and chairman positions is a critical step in curtailing excessive pay, which ultimately can become a drain on shareholder value.

Arguments have been made that a smaller company and its shareholders can benefit from the full-time attention of a joint chairman and CEO. This may be so in select cases, and indeed, using a case-by-case review of

 

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circumstances there may be worthy exceptions. But, even in these cases, it is the general view of many institutions that a person should only serve in the position of joint CEO and chairman on a temporary basis, and that these positions should be separated following their provisional combination.

We strongly believe that the potential for conflicts of interest in the board’s supervisory and oversight duties trumps any possible corollary benefits that could ensue from a dual CEO/chairman scenario. Instead of having an ingrained quid pro quo situation whereby a company has a single leader overseeing both management and the boardroom, Taft-Hartley fiduciaries believe that it is the board’s implicit duty to assume an impartial and objective role in overseeing the executive team’s overall performance. Shareholders interests are placed in jeopardy if the CEO of a company is required to report to a board that she/he also chairs.

Inherent in the chairman’s job description is the duty to assess the CEO’s performance. This objectivity is obviously compromised when a chairman is in charge of evaluating her/his own performance or has a past or present affiliation with management. Moreover, the unification of chairman and CEO poses a direct threat to the smooth functioning of the entire board process since it is the ultimate responsibility of the chairman to set the agenda, facilitate discussion, and make sure that directors are given complete access to information in order to make informed decisions.

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from any non-independent director who serves as board chairman;

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from a CEO who is also serving in the role of chairman at the same company;

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals calling for the separation of the CEO and chairman positions;

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals calling for a non-executive director to serve as chairman who is not a former CEO or senior-level executive of the company.

Excessive Directorships

As new regulations mandate that directors be more engaged and vigilant in protecting shareholder interests or else risk civil and/or criminal sanctions, board members are having to devote more time and effort to their oversight duties which, on average, were estimated to run to 280 hours per year, per board in 2005. Recent surveys of U.S. directors also confirm a desire for limiting board memberships, to between three and five seats. In view of the increased demands placed on corporate board members, Taft-Hartley fiduciaries believe that directors who are overextended may be impairing their ability to serve as effective representatives of shareholders. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote against or withhold from directors serving on an excessive number of other boards, which could compromise their primary duties of care and loyalty.

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from directors serving on an excessive number of boards. As a general rule, vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from director nominees who are:

 

   

CEOs of publicly traded companies who serve on more than two public boards (i.e. more than one public boards other than their own board). NOTE: Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote against or withhold from overboarded CEO directors only at their outside directorships and not at the company in which they presently serve as CEO); and

 

   

Non-CEO directors who serve on more than five public company boards.

Performance/Governance Evaluation for Directors

Many institutional investors believe long-term financial performance and the appropriateness of governance practices should be taken into consideration when determining vote recommendations with regard to directors in uncontested elections. When evaluating whether to vote against or withhold votes from director nominees, we

 

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will evaluate underperforming companies that exhibit sustained poor performance as measured by one- and three-year total shareholder returns in the bottom half of a company’s four-digit GICS industry group (Russell 3000 companies only). For companies outside the Russell 3000 universe, a company will be considered to have exhibited sustained poor performance if it underperforms its peers or index on the basis of both one-year and three-year total shareholder returns.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services views deficient oversight mechanisms and the lack of board accountability to shareholders especially in the context of sustained poor performance, as problematic. As part of our framework for assessing director performance, we will also evaluate board accountability and oversight at companies that demonstrate sustained underperformance. A governance structure that discourages director accountability may lead to board and management entrenchment. For example, the existence of several anti-takeover provisions* has the cumulative effect of deterring legitimate tender offers, mergers, and corporate transactions that may have ultimately proved beneficial to shareholders. When a company maintains entrenchment devices, shareholders of poorly performing companies are left with few effective routes to beneficial change.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will assess the company’s response to the ongoing performance issues, and consider recent board and management changes, board independence, overall governance practices, and other factors that may have an impact on shareholders. If a company exhibits sustained poor performance coupled with a lack of board accountability and oversight, we may also consider the company’s five-year total shareholder return and five-year operational metrics in our evaluation.

*Problematic provisions include but are not limited to:

 

   

a classified board structure; o a supermajority vote requirement;

 

   

majority voting with no carve out for contested elections;

 

   

the inability for shareholders to call special meetings;

 

   

the inability for shareholders to act by written consent;

 

   

a dual-class structure; and/or

 

   

a non-shareholder approved poison pill.

Vote AGAINST/WITHHOLD votes from all director nominees if the board lacks accountability and oversight, coupled with sustained poor performance relative to peers. Sustained poor performance is measured by one- and three-year total shareholder returns in the bottom half of a company’s four-digit GICS industry group (Russell 3000 companies only). Sustained poor performance for companies outside the Russell 3000 universe, is defined as underperforming peers or index on the basis of both one-year and three-year total shareholder returns.

Director Diversity

Gender and ethnic diversity are important components on a company’s board. Diversity brings different perspectives to a board that in turn leads to a more varied approach to board issues. Taft-Hartley fiduciaries believe that increasing diversity in the boardroom to better reflect a company’s workforce, customers, and community enhances shareholder value.

 

   

Support proposals asking the board to make greater efforts to search for qualified female and minority candidates for nomination to the board of directors;

 

   

Support endorsement of a policy of board inclusiveness;

 

   

Support reporting to shareholders on a company’s efforts to increase diversity on their boards.

 

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Stock Ownership Requirements

Corporate directors should own some amount of stock of the companies on which they serve as board members. Stock ownership is a simple method to align the interests of directors with company shareholders. Nevertheless, many highly qualified individuals such as academics and clergy who can offer valuable perspectives in boardrooms may be unable to purchase individual shares of stock. In such a circumstance, the preferred solution is to look at the board nominees individually and take stock ownership into consideration when voting on the merits of each candidate.

 

   

Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals requiring directors to own a minimum amount of company stock in order to qualify as a director nominee or to remain on the board.

Classified Boards — Annual Elections

The ability to elect directors is the single most important use of the shareholder franchise, and all directors should be accountable on an annual basis. Annually elected boards provide the best governance system for accountability to shareholders. A classified board is a board that is divided into separate classes, with directors serving overlapping terms. A company with a classified board usually divides the board into three classes. Under this system, only one class of nominees comes up to shareholder vote at the AGM each year.

As a consequence of these staggered terms, shareholders only have the opportunity to vote on a single director approximately once every three years. A classified board makes it difficult to change control of the board through a proxy contest since it would normally take two years to gain control of a majority of board seats. Under a classified board, the possibility of management entrenchment greatly increases. Classified boards can reduce director accountability by shielding directors, at least for a certain period of time, from the consequences of their actions. Continuing directors who are responsible for a problematic governance issue at the board/committee level would avoid shareholders’ reactions to their actions because they would not be up for election in that year. Ultimately, in these cases, the full board should be responsible for the actions of its directors.

Many in management believe that staggered boards provide continuity. Some shareholders believe that in certain cases a staggered board can provide consistency and continuity in regard to decision-making and commitment that may be important to the long-term financial future of the company. Nevertheless, empirical evidence strongly suggests that staggered boards are generally not in the shareholders’ best interest. In addition to shielding directors from being held accountable by shareholders on an annual basis, a classified board can entrench management and effectively preclude most takeover bids or proxy contests.

 

   

Vote AGAINST management or shareholder proposals seeking to classify the board when the issue comes up for vote;

 

   

Vote FOR management or shareholder proposals to repeal a company’s classified board structure.

 

   

If the company has a classified board and a continuing director is responsible for a problematic governance issue at the board/committee level that would warrant a withhold/against vote, in addition to potential future withhold/against votes on that director, we may vote against or withhold votes from any or all of the nominees up for election, with the exception of new nominees.

Board and Committee Size

While there is no hard and fast rule among institutional investors as to what may be an optimal size board, there is an acceptable range that companies should strive to meet and not exceed. A board that is too large may function inefficiently. Conversely, a board that is too small may allow the CEO to exert disproportionate influence or may stretch the time requirements of individual directors too thin.

 

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Proposals seeking to set board size will be evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. Given that the preponderance of boards in the U.S. range between five and fifteen directors, many institutional investors believe this benchmark is a useful standard for evaluating such proposals.

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST any proposal seeking to amend the company’s board size to fewer than five seats;

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST any proposal seeking to amend the company’s board size to more than fifteen seats;

 

   

Evaluate board size on a CASE-BY-CASE basis and consider WITHHOLD or AGAINST votes or other action at companies that have fewer than five directors and more than 15 directors on their board.

Limit Term of Office

Those who support term limits argue that this requirement would bring new ideas and approaches on to a board. While term of office limitations can rid the board of non-performing directors over time, it can also unfairly force experienced and effective directors off the board. When evaluating shareholer proposals on director term limits, consider whether the company’s performance has been poor and whether problematic or entrenching governance provisions are in place at the company. Additionally, consider board independence, inluding whether the board chair is independent.

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals to limit the tenure of outside directors.

Cumulative Voting

Most corporations provide that shareholders are entitled to cast one vote for each share owned. Under a cumulative voting scheme, the shareholder is permitted to have one vote per share for each director to be elected. Shareholders are permitted to apportion those votes in any manner they wish among the director candidates. Thus, under a cumulative voting scheme shareholders have the opportunity to elect a minority representative to a board by cumulating their votes, thereby ensuring minority representation for all sizes of shareholders.

For example, if there is a company with a ten-member board and 500 shares outstanding-the total number of votes that may be cast is 5,000. In this case a shareholder with 51 shares (10.2 percent of the outstanding shares) would be guaranteed one board seat because all votes may be cast for one candidate. Without cumulative voting, anyone controlling 51 percent of shares would control the election of all ten directors.

With the advent and prevalence of majority voting for director elections, shareholders now have greater flexibility in supporting candidates for a company’s board of directors. Cumulative voting and majority voting are two different voting mechanisms designed to achieve two different outcomes. While cumulative voting promotes the interests of minority shareholders by allowing them to get some representation on the board, majority voting promotes a democratic election of directors for all shareholders and ensures board accountability in uncontested elections. Though different in philosophic view, cumulative voting and majority voting can work together operationally, with companies electing to use majority voting for uncontested elections and cumulative voting for contested elections to increase accountability and ensure minority representation on the board.

In contested elections, similar to cumulative voting, proxy access allows shareholder access to the ballot without a veto from the nominating committee, but unlike cumulative voting, it also requires majority support to elect such directors.

At controlled companies, where majority insider control would preclude minority shareholders from having any representation on the board, cumulative voting would allow such representation and shareholder proposals for cumulative voting would be supported.

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST proposals to eliminate cumulative voting;

 

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Generally vote FOR proposals to restore or provide for cumulative voting unless:

 

   

The company has proxy access or a similar structure2 to allow shareholders to nominate directors to the company’s ballot; and

 

   

The company has adopted a majority vote standard, with a carve-out for plurality voting in situations where there are more nominees than seats, and a director resignation policy to address failed elections.

 

   

Vote FOR proposals for cumulative voting at controlled companies (where insider voting power exceeds 50%).

Failure to Act on Shareholder Proposals Receiving Majority Support

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from all director nominees at a company that has ignored a shareholder proposal that was approved by a majority of the votes cast at the last annual meeting.

Votes Against or Withholds from Directors for Shareholder Rights Plan (i.e. Poison Pills)

Institutional investors view shareholder rights plans, or poison pills, as among the most onerous of takeover defenses that may serve to entrench management and have a detrimental impact on their long-term share value. While recognizing that boards have a fiduciary duty to use all available means to protect shareholders’ interests, as a best governance principle, boards should seek shareholder ratification of a poison pill (or an amendment thereof) within a reasonable period, to ensure that the features of the poison pill support the interests of shareholders and do not merely serve as a management entrenchment device. Boards that fail to do so should be held accountable for ultimately disregarding shareholders’ interests. In applying this principle to voting in uncontested director elections, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services considers the term of the pill an important factor, as shorter term pills are generally less onerous as a takeover defense when compared to longer term pills, and may in some cases provide the board with a valuable tool to maximize shareholder value in the event of an opportunistic offer.

Companies that unilaterally adopt a long-term pill should be subject to a more frequent review –- at least once every three years, beginning the first year following the adoption and extending until the pill has expired or been redeemed. However, we believe special consideration must be given to the combination of a poison pill and a classified board; together they create a powerful anti-takeover and entrenchment device. Instead of only reviewing such companies every 3 years, an annual review is more appropriate. Under a 3-year review, the same class of directors would be receiving against or withhold recommendations, while the other 2 classes of directors would be shielded. An annual review would hold responsible all directors of classified boards for not putting the pill to a shareholder vote.

 

   

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from all nominees of the board of directors (except new nominees, who should be considered on a CASE-by-CASE basis) at a company that has a dead-hand or modified dead-hand poison pill in place. Vote AGAINST/WITHHOLD every year until this feature is removed;

 

   

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from all nominees of the board of directors (except new nominees, who should be considered on a CASE-by-CASE basis) if the board has adopted a poison pill with a term of more than 12 months (“long-term pill” ) or renewed any existing pill, including any “short-term” pill (12 months or less) without shareholder approval, and there is no requirement or commitment to put the pill to a binding shareholder vote. Review such companies with classified

 

 

2

A similar structure would be a structure that allows shareholders to nominate candidates who the company will include on the management ballot in addition to management’s nominees, and their bios are included in management’s proxy.

 

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boards every year, and such companies with annually-elected boards at least once every three years, and vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from all nominees if the company still maintains a non-shareholder-approved poison pill;

 

   

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from all nominees of the board of directors (except new nominees, who should be considered on a CASE-by-CASE basis) if the board makes a material, adverse change to an existing poison pill without shareholder approval;

 

   

Vote CASE-By-CASE on all nominees if the board adopts a poison pill with a term of 12 months or less (“short-term pill”) without shareholder approval, taking into account the following factors:

 

   

The date of the pill’s adoption relative to the date of next meeting of shareholders — i.e. whether the company had time to put the pill on ballot for shareholder ratification given the circumstances;

 

   

The issuer’s rationale;

 

   

The issuer’s governance structure and practices; and

 

   

The issuer’s track record of accountability to shareholders.

Shareholder Access to the Proxy (“Open Access”)

The current director election process as it exists leaves much to be desired. Companies currently nominate for election only one candidate for each board seat. Shareholders who oppose a candidate have no easy way to do so unless they are willing to undertake the considerable expense of running an independent candidate for the board. The only way for shareholders to register symbolic dissent about a certain director candidate is to simply “withhold” support from that nominee. But because directors are typically elected by a plurality (those nominees receiving the most votes win board seats), company nominees running unopposed are reelected.

 

   

Consider on a CASE-BY-CASE basis reasonably crafted shareholder proposals asking companies to voluntarily provide shareholders the ability to nominate director candidates to be included on management’s proxy card, taking into account the ownership threshold proposed in the resolution. Special consideration will be made at companies where there are legitimate concerns surrounding responsiveness to shareholders (such as not implementing majority-supported shareholder proposals), board and key committee independence, problematic governance and compensation practices, and past accounting or financial issues such as restatements.

Majority Threshold Voting Requirement for Director Elections

Shareholders have expressed strong support for precatory resolutions on majority threshold voting since 2005, with a number of proposals receiving majority support from shareholders. Taft-Hartley fiduciaries believe shareholders should have a greater voice in regard to the election of directors and view majority threshold voting as a viable alternative to the current deficiencies of the plurality system in the U.S.

 

   

Generally support reasonably crafted shareholders proposals calling for directors to be elected with an affirmative majority of votes cast and/or the elimination of the plurality standard for electing directors (including binding resolutions requesting that the board amend the company’s bylaws), provided the proposal includes a carve-out for a plurality voting standard when there are more director nominees than board seats (e.g. in contested elections).

 

   

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services may recommend withhold/against votes on members of the board at companies without the carve-out for plurality voting in contested elections, as the use of a majority vote standard can act as an anti-takeover defense in contested elections. (e.g. although the dissident nominees may have received more shares cast, as long as the combination of withhold/against votes and the votes for the management nominees keep the dissident nominees under 50%, the management nominees will win, due to the holdover rules). This is clearly contradicts the expressed will of shareholders.

 

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In addition to supporting proposals seeking a majority vote standard in director elections, we also support a post-election “director resignation policy” that addresses the situation of holdover directors to accommodate both shareholder proposals and the need for stability and continuity of the board.

Establish An Office of the Board

 

   

Generally vote FOR shareholders proposals requesting that the board establish an Office of the Board of Directors in order to facilitate direct communication between shareholders and non-management directors, unless the company has effectively demonstrated via public disclosure that it already has an established structure in place.

Director and Officer Indemnification ~ Liability Protection

Management proposals typically seek shareholder approval to adopt an amendment to the company’s charter to eliminate or limit the personal liability of directors to the company and its shareholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty to the fullest extent permitted by state law. In contrast, shareholder proposals seek to provide for personal monetary liability for fiduciary breaches arising from gross negligence.

Each proposal addressing director liability will be evaluated consistent with this philosophy. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services may support these proposals when the company persuasively argues that such action is necessary to attract and retain directors, but we may often oppose management proposals and support shareholder proposals in order to promote greater director accountability.

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposals to limit or eliminate entirely director and officer liability in regards to: (i) breach of the director’s fiduciary “duty of loyalty” to shareholders; (ii) acts or omissions not made in “good faith” or involving intentional misconduct or knowledge of violations under the law; (iii) acts involving the unlawful purchases or redemptions of stock; (iv) payment of unlawful dividends; or (v) use of the position as director for receipt of improper personal benefits.

Indemnification

Indemnification is the payment by a company of the expenses of directors who become involved in litigation as a result of their service to a company. Proposals to indemnify a company’s directors differ from those to eliminate or reduce their liability because with indemnification directors may still be liable for an act or omission, but the company will bear the expense. Taft-Hartley fiduciaries may support these proposals when the company persuasively argues that such action is necessary to attract and retain directors, but will generally oppose indemnification when it is being proposed to insulate directors from actions that have already occurred.

 

   

Vote AGAINST indemnification proposals that would expand individual coverage beyond ordinary legal expenses to also cover specific acts of negligence which exceed the standard of mere carelessness that is regularly covered in board fiduciary indemnification;

 

   

Vote FOR only those proposals which provide expanded coverage in cases when a director’s or officer’s legal defense was unsuccessful if: (1) the director was found to have acted in good faith and in a manner that he/she reasonably believed was in the best interests of the company; and (2) only if the director’s legal expenses would be covered.

COMPENSATION

The housing market collapse and resulting credit crisis have resulted in significant erosion of shareholder value, unprecedented levels of market volatility, and continuing lack of confidence among financial market participants. Many Taft-Hartley trustees are questioning the role of executive compensation in incentivizing inappropriate or excessive risk-taking behavior by executives that could threaten a corporation’s long-term viability. Further, generous severance packages and other payments to departing executives of failed institutions have heightened attention on the issue of pay for performance.

 

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Trustees of Taft-Hartley funds, which have lost significant value in their investments as a result of the financial crisis, have little patience for “pay for failure” and continue to press for the adoption of executive compensation practices aimed at creating and sustaining long-term shareholder value.

Companies have long argued that legally binding executive compensation obligations cannot be modified. The Capital Purchase Program implemented under the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, the “bail out” program for the U.S. financial system, set the tone for executive compensation reform and requires participating firms to accept certain limits and requirements on executive compensation, regardless of existing contractual arrangements. A number of firms have agreed to these requirements.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes that executive pay programs should be fair, competitive, reasonable, and appropriate, and that pay for performance should be a central tenet in executive compensation philosophy.

Examples of best pay practices include:

Employment contracts: Companies should enter into employment contracts under limited circumstances for a short time period (e.g., new executive hires for a three-year contract) for limited executives. The contracts should not have automatic renewal feature and should have a specified termination date.

Severance agreements: Severance provisions should not be so appealing that they become an incentive for the executive to be terminated. The severance formula should be reasonable and not overly generous to the executive (e.g., use maximum severance multiple of 3X pay; use pro-rated target/average historical bonus and not maximum bonus). Failure to renew employment contract, termination under questionable events or for poor performance should not constitute “good reason” for termination with severance payments.

Change-in-control payments: Change-in-control payments should be “double-triggered” — i.e. be payouts should only made when there is a significant change in company ownership structure, and when there is a loss of employment or substantial change in job duties associated with the change in company ownership structure. Change-in-control provisions should exclude excise tax gross-ups and should not authorize the acceleration of vesting of equity awards upon a change in control unless provided under a double-trigger scenario. Similarly, change in control provisions in equity plans should be double-triggered. A change in control event should not result in an acceleration of vesting of all unvested stock options or lapsing of vesting/performance requirements on restricted stock/performance shares, unless there is a loss of employment or substantial change in job duties.

Supplemental executive retirement plans (SERPs): SERPs should not include sweeteners that can increase the payout value significantly or even exponentially, such as additional years of service credited for pension calculations, or inclusion of variable pay (e.g. bonuses and equity awards) into the formula. Pension formulas should not include extraordinary annual bonuses paid close to the time of retirement and should be based on an average, not the maximum, level of compensation earned.

Deferred compensation: Above-market returns or guaranteed minimum returns should not be applied on deferred compensation.

Disclosure practices: The Compensation, Discussion and Analysis should be written in plain English, with as little “legalese” as possible and formatted using section headers, bulleted lists, tables and charts where possible to ease reader comprehension. Ultimately, the document should provide detail and rationale regarding compensation, strategy, pay mix, goals/metrics, challenges, competition and pay for performance linkage, etc. in a narrative fashion.

Responsible use of company stock: Companies should adopt policies that prohibit executives from speculating in company’s stock or using company stock in hedging activities, such as “cashless” collars, forward

 

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sales, equity swaps or other similar arrangements. Such behavior undermines the ultimate alignment with long-term shareholders’ interests. In addition, the policy should prohibit or discourage the use of company stock as collateral for margin loans, to avoid any potential sudden stock sales (required upon margin calls) that could have a negative impact on the company’s stock price.

Long-term focus: Executive compensation programs should be designed to support companies’ long-term strategic goals. A short-term focus on performance does not necessarily create sustainable shareholder value. Instead, long-term goals may be sacrificed to achieve short-term expectations to the detriment of shareholder value, as evidenced by the financial crisis.

Compensation programs embedding a long-term focus with respect to company goals better align with the long-term interests of shareholders. Granting stock options and restricted stock to executives that vest in five years does not necessarily provide a long-term focus, as executives can sell off the company shares once they vest. However, requiring senior executives to hold company stock until retirement or after retirement can encourage a long-term focus on company performance.

Stock Option Plans

Compensation to executive and other senior level employees should be strongly correlated to sustained performance. Stock options, restricted stock and other forms of non-cash compensation should be performance-based with an eye toward improving long-term corporate value. Well-designed stock option plans can align the interests of executives and shareholders by providing that executives benefit when stock prices rise so that the employees of the company, along with shareholders, prosper together. Likewise, option plans should not allow for the benefits of share price gains without the risk of share price declines. Poorly designed stock option plans can encourage excessive risk-taking behavior and incentivize executives to pursue corporate strategies that promote short-term stock price to the ultimate detriment of long-term shareholder value.

Many plans sponsored by management provide goals so easily attained that executives can realize massive rewards even though shareholder value is not created. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports option plans when they provide legitimately challenging performance targets that serve to truly motivate executives in the pursuit of sustained superior performance. Moreover, equity pay plans should be designed in a fashion that ensures executive compensation is veritably performance driven and “at risk” such that executives are penalized (by either reducing or withholding compensation) for failure to meet pre-determined performance hurdles. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will oppose those plans that offer unreasonable benefits to executives that are not generally available to other shareholders or employees.

Methodology for Analyzing Pay Plans

The theory that stock options are beneficial to shareholders because they motivate management and align the interests of investors with those of executives is no longer held sacrosanct. Indeed, many academic studies have found that there is limited correlation between executive stock ownership and company performance. Misused stock options can give executives an incentive to inflate their company’s earnings, take excessive risks, and make irresponsibly optimistic forecasts in order to keep stock prices high and their paychecks gargantuan.

Therefore, it is vital for shareholders to fully analyze all equity plans that appear on ballot. In general, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services evaluates executive and director compensation plans on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. When evaluating equity-based compensation items on ballot, the following elements will be considered:

Primary Considerations:

 

   

Dilution: Vote AGAINST plans in which the potential voting power dilution (VPD) of all shares outstanding exceeds ten percent;

 

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Full Market Value: Awards must be granted at 100 percent of fair market value on the date of grant. However, in instances when a plan is open to broad-based employee participation and excludes the five most highly compensated employees, we accept a 15 percent discount;

 

   

Burn Rate: Vote AGAINST plans where the annual burn rate exceeds industry and index burn rates over a three-year period;

 

   

Liberal Definition of Change-in-Control: Vote AGAINST equity plans if the plan provides for the accelerated vesting of equity awards even though an actual change in control may not occur. Examples of such a definition could include, but are not limited to, announcement or commencement of a tender offer, provisions for acceleration upon a “potential” takeover, shareholder approval of a merger or other transactions, or similar language;

 

   

Problematic Pay Practices: Vote AGAINST equity plans if the plan is a vehicle for problematic pay practices (e.g. if the plan allows for change-in-control payouts that are single triggered).

Secondary Considerations:

 

   

Executive Concentration Ratio: Vote AGAINST plans where the annual grant rate to the top five executives (“named officers”) exceeds one percent of shares outstanding;

 

   

Pay-For-Performance Metric: Vote AGAINST plans where CEO pay and the company’s performance is incongruous, as measured against industry peers over one and three-year periods, or if the performance criteria is not disclosed;

 

   

Evergreen Features: Vote AGAINST plans that reserve a specified percentage of outstanding shares for award each year instead of having a termination date;

 

   

Repricing: Vote AGAINST plans if the company’s policy permits repricing of “underwater” options or if the company has a history of repricing past options;

 

   

Loans: Vote AGAINST the plan if the plan administrator may provide loans to officers to assist in exercising the awards.

Voting Power Dilution (VPD) Calculation

Voting power dilution, or VPD, measures the amount of voting power represented by the number of shares reserved over the life of the plan. Industry norm dictates that ten percent dilution over the life of a ten-year plan is reasonable for most mature companies. Restricted stock plans or stand-alone stock bonus plans that are not coupled with stock option plans can be held to a lower dilution cap.

Voting power dilution may be calculated using the following formula:

 

  A: Shares reserved for this amendment or plan;

 

  B: Shares available under this plan and/or continuing plans prior to proposed amendment;

 

  C: Shares granted but unexercised under this plan and/or continuing plans;

 

  D: All outstanding shares plus any convertible equity, outstanding warrants, or debt.

 

The formula can be applied as follows:

      A + B + C    
  A + B + C + D

Fair Market Value, Dilution and Repricing

Consideration will be made as to whether the proposed plan is being offered at fair market value or at a discount; whether the plan excessively dilutes the earnings per share of the outstanding shares; and whether the plan gives management the ability to replace or reprice “underwater” options. Repricing is an amendment to a

 

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previously granted stock option contract that reduces the option exercise price. Options are “underwater” when their current price is below the current option contract price. Options can also be repriced through cancellations and re-grants. The typical new grant would have a ten-year term, new vesting restrictions, and a lower exercise price reflecting the current lower market price.

Burn Rate

The annual burn rate is a measure of dilution that illustrates how rapidly a company is deploying shares reserved for equity compensation plans. The burn or run rate is calculated by dividing the number of shares pursuant to awards granted in a given year by the number of shares outstanding. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services benchmarks a company’s burn rate against three-year industry and primary index burn rates, and generally oppose plans whose average three-year burn rates exceed the greater of: (1) the mean plus one standard deviation of the company’s GICS group segmented by Russell 3000 index and non-Russell 3000 index; or (2) two percent of weighted common shares outstanding. The three-year burn rate policy does not apply to non-employee director plans unless outside directors receive a significant portion of shares each year.

Executive Concentration Ratio

In examining stock option awards, restricted stock and other forms of long-term incentives, it is important to consider internal pay equity; that is, the concentration and distribution of equity awards to a company’s top five executives (“named officers”) as a percentage of overall grants. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will consider voting against equity compensation plans whose annual grant rate to top executives exceeds one percent of shares outstanding.

Principle of Pay-For-Performance

Stock-based pay is often the main driver for excessive executive compensation, which is fueled by poor administration of the plan. Therefore, it is important to closely examine any discrepancies between increases in CEO pay and total shareholder returns against those of peer firms over a one- three- and five-year timeframe in assessing equity-based compensation plans.

Significant disparities between pay and performance warrants votes against or withholding from Compensation Committee members who are responsible for overseeing the company’s compensation schemes, or the entire board if the whole board was involved in and contributed to egregious compensation practices. If the equity component is the source of the imbalance, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will consider opposing the equity plan in which the CEO participates.

 

   

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the Compensation Committee members when the company has a pay-for-performance disconnect.

Evergreen Provisions

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will oppose plans that reserve a specified percentage of outstanding shares for award each year (evergreen plans) instead of having a termination date. Such plans provide for an automatic increase in the shares available for grant with or without limits on an annual basis. Because they represent a transfer of shareholder value and have a dilutive impact on a regular basis, evergreen plans are expensive to shareholders. Evergreen features also minimize the frequency that companies seek shareholder approval in increasing the number of shares available under the plan.

Option Exchange Programs/Repricing Options

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals seeking approval to exchange/reprice options taking into consideration the following factors:

 

   

Historic trading patterns: the stock price should not be so volatile that the options are likely to be back “in-the-money” over the near term;

 

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Rationale for the re-pricing: was the stock price decline beyond management’s control?

 

   

Option vesting: does the new option vest immediately or is there a black-out period?

 

   

Term of the option: the term should remain the same as that of the replaced option;

 

   

Exercise price: should be set at fair market or a premium to market;

 

   

Participants: the plan should be broad-based and executive officers and directors should be excluded;

 

   

Is this a value-for-value exchange?

 

   

Are surrendered stock options added back to the plan reserve?

If the surrendered options are added back to the equity plans for re-issuance, then we will also take into consideration the impact on the company’s equity plans and its three-year average burn rate.

In addition to the above considerations, we will evaluate the intent, rationale, and timing of the repricing proposal. The proposal should clearly articulate why the board is choosing to conduct an exchange program at this point in time. Repricing underwater options after a recent precipitous drop in the company’s stock price demonstrates poor timing. We do not view market deterioration, in and of itself, as an acceptable reason for companies to reprice stock options and/or reset goals under performance plans. Repricing after a recent decline in stock price triggers additional scrutiny and may warrant a vote AGAINST the proposal. At a minimum, the decline should not have happened within the past year. Also, consider the terms of the surrendered options, such as the grant date, exercise price and vesting schedule. Grant dates of surrendered options should be far enough back (two to three years) so as not to suggest that repricings are being done to take advantage of short-term downward price movements. Similarly, the exercise price of surrendered options should be above the 52-week high for the stock price.

Vote FOR shareholder proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.

Problematic Compensation Practices and Compensation Committee Performance

Poor disclosure, the absence or non-transparency of disclosure and poor plan design of compensation payouts lead to excessive executive compensation practices that are detrimental to shareholders. Poorly designed plans or those lacking in transparency can be reflective of a poorly performing compensation committee.

Companies are expected to meet a minimum standard of tally sheet disclosure as to allow shareholders to readily assess the total executive pay package, understand the actual linkage between pay and performance, and mitigate misinformation to shareholders. The SEC has issued rules on executive and director compensation that require expansive disclosure and a total compensation figure for each of the named executive officers.

Executive compensation will continue to be in the spotlight in the ensuing years, particularly when shareholders will have access to more complete information. In the absence of disclosure that would necessitate a higher level of scrutiny, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services may also consider voting against or withholding from the compensation committee for failure to provide pertinent information in the Comensasion Discussion and Analysis (CD&A) report.

 

   

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will consider voting AGAINST or WITHHOLDING votes from compensation committee members and/or the CEO on a CASE-BY-CASE basis if the company has problematic compensation practices. In addition, we may consider a vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD vote from the entire board if the whole board was involved in and contributed to egregious compensation. Problematic compensation practices include, but are not limited to, the following:

Non-Performance based Compensation Elements

 

   

Multi-year guarantees for salary increases, non-performance based bonuses, and equity compensation;

 

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Egregious SERP (Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans) payouts (e.g. inclusion of additional years of service not earned or inclusion of performance-based equity awards in the pension calculation);

 

   

Excessive perks for current, former and/or retired executives (e.g. personal use of corporate aircraft, personal security systems maintenance and/or installation, car allowances, extraordinary relocation benefits, and/or other inappropriate arrangements);

 

   

Income tax reimbursements (gross-ups) for any executive perquisites or other payments;

 

   

Excessive severance and/or change-in-control provisions (e.g. payments upon an executive’s termination in connection with performance failure, provisions for the payment of excise tax gross-ups (including modified gross-ups) and/or modified single-triggers — under which an executive may voluntarily depart for any reason and still receive change-in-control severance payments — );

 

   

Change-in-control payouts without loss of job or substantial diminution of job duties (“single-triggers”);

 

   

Liberal change-in-control definitions in individual contracts or equity plans which could result in payments to executives without an actual change in control occurring;

 

   

Payment of dividends or dividend equivalents on unvested/unearned performance awards;

 

   

Executives using company stock in hedging activities, such as “cashless” collars, forward sales, equity swaps or other similar arrangements;

 

   

Repricing or replacing of underwater stock options/stock appreciation rights without prior shareholder approval (including cash buyouts and voluntary surrender/subsequent regrant of underwater options);

 

   

Performance metrics that are changed, canceled or replaced during the performance period without adequate explanation of the action and the link to performance;

 

   

New CEO with overly generous new hire package (e.g., including excessive “make whole” provisions).

Incentives that may Motivate Excessive Risk-Taking

 

   

Guaranteed bonuses or other abnormally large bonus payouts without justifiable performance linkage or appropriate disclosure;

 

   

Mega annual equity grants that provide unlimited upside with no downside risk;

 

   

A single performance metric used for short- and long-term plans;

 

   

High pay opportunities relative to industry peers;

 

   

Disproportionate supplemental pensions.

Factors that potentially mitigate the impact of risky incentives include rigorous claw-back provisions, robust stock ownership/holding guidelines, and substantive bonus deferral/escrowing programs.

Other Problematic Practices

 

   

Poor Disclosure Practices (e.g. unclear explanation of how the CEO is involved in the pay setting process, retrospective performance targets and methodology not discussed, methodology for benchmarking practices and/or peer group not disclosed and explained);

 

   

Internal pay disparity (excessive differential between CEO total pay and that of next highest-paid named executive officer);

 

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Options backdating (covered in a separate policy);

 

   

Failure to respond to majority-supported shareholder proposals on executive pay topics;

 

   

Failure to respond to concerns raised in connection with significant opposition to Management Say on Pay proposals.

Moreover, if there is an equity plan proposal on the ballot and the plan is a vehicle for poor pay practices, we may consider voting against the proposal based on past compensation practices.

Restricted Stock

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports the use of performance-vesting restricted stock as long as the absolute amount of restricted stock being granted is a reasonable proportion of an executive’s overall compensation. The best way to align the interests of executives with shareholders is through direct stock holdings, coupled with at-risk variable compensation that is tied to explicit and challenging performance benchmarks. Performance-vesting restricted stock both adds to executives direct share holdings and incorporates at-risk features.

To reward performance and not job tenure, restricted stock vesting requirements should be performance-based rather than time lapsing. Such plans should explicitly define the performance criteria for awards to senior executives and may include a variety of corporate performance measures in addition to the use of stock price targets. In addition, executives should be required to hold their vested restricted stock as long as they remain employees of the company.

Executive Holding Periods

Senior level executives should be required to hold a substantial portion of their equity compensation awards, including shares received from option exercises (e.g. 75% of their after-tax stock option proceeds), while they are employed at a company or even into retirement. Equity compensation awards are intended to align management interests with those of shareholders, and allowing executives to sell these shares while they are employees of the company undermines this purpose. Given the large size of a typical annual equity compensation award, holding requirements that are based on a multiple of cash compensation may be inadequate.

Performance-Based Options

Stock options are intended to align the interests of management with those of shareholders. However, stock option grants without performance-based elements can excessively compensate executives for stock increases due solely to a general stock market rise, rather than improved or superior company stock performance. When option grants reach the hundreds of thousands, a relatively small increase in the share price may permit executives to reap millions of dollars without providing material benefits to shareholders.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services advocates for performance-based awards — such as premium-priced or indexed — which encourage executives to outperform peers, certain indices, or the broader market rather than being rewarded for any minimal rise in the share price, which can occur if there are not empirical performance measures incorporated into the structure of the options. Additionally, it should be noted that performance-accelerated vesting and premium priced options allow fixed plan accounting, whereas performance-vested and indexed options entail certain expensing requirements.

 

   

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals that seek to provide for performance-based options such as indexed and/or premium priced options.

 

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Options Backdating

Options backdating has serious implications and has resulted in financial restatements, delisting of companies, and/or the termination of executives or directors. When options backdating has taken place, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services may recommend voting AGAINST or WITHHOLDING from the compensation committee, depending on the severity of the practices and the subsequent corrective actions on the part of the board. We will adopt a CASE-BY-CASE approach to the options backdating issue to differentiate companies that had sloppy administration vs. those that had committed fraud, as well as those companies which have since taken corrective action. Instances in which companies have committed fraud are more disconcerting, and Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will look to them to adopt formal policies to ensure that such practices will not reoccur in the future.

In recommending votes against or withhold votes from the compensation committee members who oversaw the questionable options grant practices or from current compensation committee members who fail to respond to the issue proactively, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will consider several factors, including, but not limited to, the following:

 

   

Reason and motive for the options backdating issue, such as inadvertent vs. deliberate grant date changes;

 

   

Duration of options backdating;

 

   

Size of restatement due to options backdating;

 

   

Corrective actions taken by the board or compensation committee, such as canceling or repricing backdated options, or recoupment of option gains on backdated grants;

 

   

Adoption of a grant policy that prohibits backdating, and creation of a fixed grant schedule or window period for equity grants going forward.

Pension Plan Income Accounting

 

   

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals to exclude pension plan income in the calculation of earnings used in determining executive bonuses/compensation.

Shareholder Proposals to Limit Executive and Director Pay

 

   

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals that seek additional disclosure of executive and director pay information;

 

   

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals that seek to eliminate outside directors’ retirement benefits;

 

   

Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis all other shareholder proposals that seek to limit executive and director pay. This includes shareholder proposals that seek to link executive compensation to customer, employee, or stakeholder satisfaction.

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay) Shareholder Proposals

 

   

Generally, vote FOR shareholder proposals that call for non-binding shareholder ratification of the compensation of the Named Executive Officers and the accompanying narrative disclosure of material factors provided to understand the Summary Compensation Table.

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay) Management Proposals

 

   

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals for an advisory vote on executive compensation, considering the following factors:

 

   

Evaluation of performance metrics in short-term and long-term plans, considering i) the measures, goals, and target awards reported by the company for executives’ short- and long-term incentive

 

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awards; ii) whether the metrics are disclosed; iii) whether the company explains their alignment with the company’s business strategy; and iv) whether the goals appear to be sufficiently challenging in relation to resulting payouts.

 

   

Evaluation of peer group benchmarking used to set target pay or award opportunities, including i) the rationale stated by the company for constituents in its pay benchmarking peer group; and ii) as the benchmark targets it uses to set or validate executives’ pay.

 

   

Balance of performance-based versus non-performance-based pay, considering i) the ratio of performance-based versus non-performance-based CEO pay elements; ii) presence of concerns about other compensation factors such as performance metrics/goals, benchmarking practices, and pay-for-performance disconnects.

 

   

Prescence of problematic pay practices (see Problematic Compensation Practices above)

 

   

Poor compensation disclosure practices.

 

   

Vote AGAINST management say on pay proposals where there is a misalignment between CEO pay and company performance, the company maintains problematic pay practices, the board exhibits poor communication and responsiveness to shareholders or if the board has failed to demonstrate good stewardship of investors’ interests regarding executive compensation practices.

Compensation Consultants — Disclosure of Board or Company’s Utilization

 

   

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals seeking disclosure regarding the Company, Board, or Compensation Committee’s use of compensation consultants, such as company name, business relationship(s) and fees paid.

Golden and Tin Parachutes

Golden parachutes are designed to protect the employees of a corporation in the event of a change-in-control. Under most golden parachute agreements, senior level management employees receive a lump sum payout triggered by a change-in-control at usually two to three times their current base salary. Increasingly, companies that have golden parachute agreements for senior level executives are extending coverage for all their employees via “tin” parachutes. The SEC requires disclosure of all golden parachute arrangements in the proxy statement, while disclosure of tin parachutes in company filings is not required at this time.

 

   

Vote FOR shareholder proposals to all have golden parachute agreements submitted for shareholder ratification;

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST all proposals to ratify golden parachutes;

 

   

Vote on tin parachutes on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Executive Perks and Retirement/Death Benefits

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports enhanced disclosure and shareholder oversight of executive benefits and other in-kind retirement perquisites. For example, compensation devices like executive pensions (SERPs), deferred compensation plans, below-market-rate loans or guaranteed post-retirement consulting fees can amount to significant liabilities to shareholders and it is often difficult for investors to find adequate disclosure of their full terms. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services opposes any perquisite or benefit to executives that exceeds what is generally offered to other company employees. From a shareholder prospective, the cost of these executive entitlements would be better allocated to performance-based forms of executive compensation during their term in office.

 

   

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting to put extraordinary benefits contained in SERP agreements to a shareholder vote unless the company’s executive pension plans do not contain excessive benefits beyond what is offered under employee-wide plans.

 

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Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling companies to adopt a policy of discontinuing or obtaining shareholder approval for any future agreements and corporate policies that could oblige the company to make payments or awards following the death of a senior executive in the form of unearned salary or bonuses, accelerated vesting or the continuation in force of unvested equity grants, perquisites and other payments or awards made in lieu of compensation. This would not apply to any benefit programs or equity plan proposals that the broad-based employee population is eligible.

Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)

An Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) is an employee benefit plan that makes the employees of a company also owners of stock in that company. Recent academic research of the performance of ESOPs in closely held companies found that ESOPs appear to increase overall sales, employment, and sales per employee over what would have been expected absent an ESOP. Studies have also found that companies with an ESOP are also more likely to still be in business several years later, and are more likely to have other retirement oriented benefit plans than comparable non-ESOP companies.

 

   

Vote FOR proposals that request shareholder approval in order to implement an ESOP or to increase authorized shares for existing ESOPs except in cases when the number of shares allocated to the ESOP is deemed excessive (i.e. generally greater than five percent of outstanding shares).

OBRA-Related Compensation Proposals

 

   

Vote FOR amendments that place a cap on annual grants or amend administrative features;

 

   

Vote FOR plans that simply amend shareholder-approved plans to include administrative features or place a cap on the annual grants that any one participant may receive in order to comply with the provisions of Section 162(m) of OBRA.

Amendments to Add Performance-Based Goals

Section 162(m) of the IRS Code Section limits the deductibility of compensation in excess of $1 million to a named executive officer unless certain prescribed actions are taken including shareholder approval and the establishment of performance goals.

 

   

Vote FOR amendments to add performance goals to existing compensation plans to comply with the provisions of Section 162(m) of OBRA, unless they are inappropriate.

Amendments to Increase Shares and Retain Tax Deductions Under OBRA

Amendments to existing plans to increase shares reserved and to qualify the plan for favorable tax treatment under the provisions of Section 162(m) should be evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Approval of Cash or Cash-and-Stock Bonus Plans

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST cash or cash-and-stock bonus plans to exempt the compensation from taxes under the provisions of Section 162(m) of OBRA if the plan provides for awards to individual participants in excess of $2 million a year;

 

   

Vote AGAINST plans that are deemed to be excessive because they are not justified by performance measures;

 

   

Vote AGAINST plans if the compensation committee does not fully consist of independent outsiders, as defined by Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ definition of director independence.

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AUDITORS

Auditors play an integral role in certifying the integrity and reliability of corporate financial statements on which investors rely to gauge the financial well being of a company and the viability of an investment. The well-documented auditor-facilitated bankruptcies and scandals at several large public companies in recent years underscore the catastrophic consequences that investors can suffer when the audit process breaks down.

Auditor Independence

The recent wave of accounting scandals at companies illuminate the need to ensure auditor independence in the face of selling consulting services to audit clients. At the large four accounting firms, revenues from non-audit services grew from 13% of total revenues in 1981 to half of total revenue in 2000. A study of over 1,200 US companies in the S&P 500, Mid Cap, and Small Cap indices found that 72% of fees paid to auditors in 2002 were for non-audit services, exactly the same level as 2001. We believe that this ratio should be reversed and that non-audit fees should make up no more than one-quarter of all fees paid to the auditor so as to properly discourage even the appearance of any undue influence upon an auditor’s objectivity.

Under SEC rules, disclosed categories of professional fees paid for audit and non-audit services are as follows: (1) Audit Fees, (2) Audit-Related Fees, (3) Tax Fees, and (4) All Other Fees. Under the revised reporting requirements, a company will also be required to describe — in qualitative terms — the types of services provided under the three categories other than Audit Fees. The following fee categories are defined as: A) tax compliance or preparation fees are excluded from our calculations of non-audit fees; and B) fees for consulting services for tax-avoidance strategies and tax shelters will be included in “other fees” and will be considered non-audit fees if the proxy disclosure does not indicate the nature of the tax services. In circumstances where “Other” fees include fees related to significant one-time capital structure events: initial public offerings, bankruptcy emergence, and spin-offs; and the company makes public disclosure of the amount and nature of those fees which are an exception to the standard “non-audit fee” category, then such fees may be excluded from the non-audit fees considered in determining the ratio of non-audit to audit/audit-related fees/tax compliance and preparation for purposes of determining whether non-audit fees are excessive.

As auditors are the backbone upon which a company’s financial health is measured, auditor independence is absolutely essential for rendering objective opinions upon which investors then rely. When an auditor is paid excessive consulting fees in addition to fees paid for auditing, the company-auditor relationship is left open to conflicts of interest.

Auditor Ratification

The ratification of auditors is an important component of good governance. In light of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and increased shareholder scrutiny, some companies are opting to take auditor ratification off the ballot. Neglecting to include the ratification of auditors on the proxy takes away the fundamental shareholder tight to ratify the company’s choice of auditor. Whereas shareholder ratification of auditors was once considered routine by many shareowners, the subsequent accounting scandals have caused shareholders to be more vigilant about the integrity of the auditors certifying their companies’ financial statements. It is now viewed as best practice for companies to place the item on ballot.

Although U.S. companies are not legally required to allow shareholders to ratify their appointment of independent auditors, roughly 60% of S&P 500 companies allow for shareholder ratification of their auditors. Submission of the audit firm for approval at the annual meeting on an annual basis gives shareholders the means to weigh in on their satisfaction (or lack thereof) on the auditor’s independent execution of their duties.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services firmly believes mandatory auditor ratification is in line with sound and transparent corporate governance and remains an important mechanism to ensure the integrity of the auditor’s

 

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work. In the absence of legislation mandating shareholder ratification of auditors, the failure by a company to present its selection of auditors for shareholder ratification should be discouraged as it undermines good governance and disenfranchises shareholders.

Proposals to ratify auditors is examined for potential conflicts of interest, with particular attention to the fees paid to the auditor, as well as whether the ratification of auditors has been put up for shareholder vote.

 

   

Vote FOR proposals to ratify auditors when the amount of audit fees is equal to or greater than three times (75 percent) the amount paid for consulting, unless: i) An auditor has a financial interest in or association with the company, and is therefore not independent; or ii) There is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion which is neither accurate nor indicative of the company’s financial position;

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposals to ratify auditors when the amount of non-audit consulting fees exceeds a quarter of all fees paid to the auditor;

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals seeking to limit companies from buying consulting services from their auditor.

Auditor Rotation

Long-term relationships between auditors and their clients can impede auditor independence, objectivity and professional skepticism. Such long-standing relationships foster an undesirable coziness between audit firms and their clients, which can cause the auditors to lose their independence and become less questioning especially where lucrative contracts for the provision of non-audit consulting services are involved. Mandatory auditor rotation is a widely supported safeguard against improper audits and is viewed by many as an effective mechanism for mitigating the potential risks borne by long-term auditor-client relationships.

Proponents of compulsory audit firm rotation contend that rotation policies promote objectivity and independence among auditors and minimize the scope of vested interests developing in the audit. Opponents of audit firm rotation argue that regular re-tendering is a costly practice, likely to reduce audit quality and increase the risk of audit failure in the early years due to the time required to gain cumulative knowledge of an often complex and geographically diverse business. A solution around this apparent negative effect of mandatory rotation is to keep a longer rotation period.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services recommends that companies not maintain the same audit firm in excess of seven years, and will consider voting against auditors if their tenure at a company exceeds seven years. A revolving seven-year rotation period allows the auditor to develop cumulative knowledge of a company’s business and the effect of changes in the business along with the corresponding changes in its risks, thereby enhancing the quality of the audit and trammeling potential loss of auditor objectivity and independence. Many institutional investors argue that the increased costs associated with compulsory auditor rotation are a lesser evil vis-à-vis the larger evil of the costs to shareholders when the objectionable coziness between clients and long-standing auditors leads to gross erosion of shareholder value.

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals to ensure auditor independence through measures such as mandatory auditor rotation (no less than every seven years).

Auditor Indemnification and Limitation of Liability

Indemnification clauses allow auditors to avoid liability for potential damages, including punitive damages. Eliminating concerns about being sued for carelessness could lead to; 1) potential impairment of external auditor independence and impartiality by contractual clauses limiting their liability; and 2) a decrease the quality and reliability of the audit given the lack of consequence for an inadequate audit.

 

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Given the substantial settlements against auditors in recent years for poor audit practices and the cost of such insurance to the company and its shareholders, there are legitimate concerns over the broader use of indemnification clauses. Such agreements may weaken the objectivity, impartiality and performance of audit firms. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes it is important for shareholders to understand the full risks and implications of these agreements and determine what impact they could have on shareholder value. At the present time, however, due to poor disclosure in this area, it is difficult to identify the existence and extent of limited liability provisions and auditor agreements, and investors lack the information needed to make informed decisions regarding these agreements.

Without uniform disclosure, it is difficult to consistently apply policy and make informed vote recommendations. As such, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services reviews the use of indemnification clauses and limited liability provisions in auditor agreements on a case-by-case basis, when disclosure is present.

 

   

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from Audit Committee members if there is persuasive evidence that the audit committee entered into an inappropriate indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of the company, or its shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against the audit firm.

Disclosures Under Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that companies document and assess the effectiveness of their internal financial controls. Beginning in 2005, most public companies must obtain annual attestation of the effectiveness of their internal controls over financial reporting from their outside auditors. Companies with significant material weaknesses identified in the Section 404 disclosures potentially have ineffective internal financial reporting controls, which may lead to inaccurate financial statements, hampering shareholders’ ability to make informed investment decisions, and may lead to destruction of public confidence and shareholder value. The Audit Committee is ultimately responsible for the integrity and reliability of the company’s financial information and its system of internal controls.

 

   

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from Audit Committee members under certain circumstances when a material weakness rises to a level of serious concern, if there are chronic internal control issues, or if there is an absence of established effective control mechanisms;

 

   

Vote AGAINST management proposals to ratify auditors if there is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion which is neither accurate nor indicative of the company’s financial position;

Adverse Opinions

An Adverse Opinion on the company’s financial statements is issued when the auditor determines that the financial statements are materially misstated and, when considered as a whole, do not conform to GAAP. It essentially states that the information contained is materially incorrect, unreliable, and inaccurate in order to assess the company’s financial position and results of operations.

Adverse opinions on companies’ financial statements are generally very rare because they essentially state that a significant portion of the financial statements are unreliable and the auditor had no choice but to issue an adverse opinion after a long process of seeking resolution with the company subjected to the audit.

 

   

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD votes from Audit Committee members if the company receives an Adverse Opinion on the company’s financial statements from its auditors.

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TAKEOVER DEFENSES

Poison Pills

Shareholder rights plans, typically known as poison pills, take the form of rights or warrants issued to shareholders and are triggered when a potential acquiring stockholder reaches a certain threshold of ownership. When triggered, poison pills generally allow shareholders to purchase shares from, or sell shares back to, the target company (“flip-in-pill”) and/or the potential acquirer (“flip-out-pill”) at a price far out of line with fair market value.

Depending on the type of pill, the triggering event can either transfer wealth from the target company or dilute the equity holdings of current shareholders. Poison pills insulate management from the threat of a change in control and provide the target board with veto power over takeover bids. Because poison pills greatly alter the balance of power between shareholders and management, shareholders should be allowed to make their own evaluation of such plans.

In evaluating management proposals on poison pills, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services consider the company’s rationale for adopting the pill and its existing governance structure in determining whether or not the pill appropriately serves in shareholders’ best interests. The rationale for adopting the pill should be thoroughly explained by the company. Additionally, we examine the company’s existing governance structure including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, or any problematic governance concerns.

 

   

Vote FOR shareholder proposals that ask a company to submit its poison pill for shareholder ratification;

 

   

Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis shareholder proposals to redeem a company’s poison pill;

 

   

Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis management proposals to ratify a poison pill;

 

   

Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from any board where a dead-hand poison pill provision is in place. From a shareholder perspective, there is no justification for a dead-hand provision. Directors of companies with these lethal protective devices should be held fully accountable.

Net operating losses (NOL) pills, which are used to preserve a tax benefit (as opposed to traditional poison pills which are used as a takeover defense), typically have low triggers that some shareholders have difficulty supporting. This lack of support may have the effect of discouraging issuers from seeking shareholder approval for such pills. In assessing NOL pills, we take into account the unique purpose and features of NOL pills to enable shareholders make informed decisions when presented with proposals to adopt such pills, and to encourage issuers to submit such pills to a shareholder vote.

For management proposals to adopt a poison pill for the stated purpose of preserving a company’s net operating losses (“NOL pills”), the following factors are considered on a CASE-BY-CASE following basis:

 

   

The ownership threshold to transfer (NOL pills generally have a trigger slightly below 5%);

 

   

The value of the NOLs;

 

   

The term;

 

   

Shareholder protection mechanisms (sunset provision, or commitment to cause expiration of the pill upon exhaustion or expiration of NOLs);

 

   

The company’s existing governance structure including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, track record of responsiveness to shareholders, and any other problematic governance concerns; and

 

   

Any other factors that may be applicable.

 

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Greenmail

Greenmail payments are targeted share repurchases by management of company stock from individuals or groups seeking control of the company. Since only the hostile party receives payment, usually at a substantial premium over the market value of shares, the practice discriminates against most shareholders. This transferred cash, absent the greenmail payment, could be put to much better use for reinvestment in the company, payment of dividends, or to fund a public share repurchase program.

 

   

Vote FOR proposals to adopt an anti-greenmail provision in their charter or bylaws that would thereby restrict a company’s ability to make greenmail payments to certain shareholders;

 

   

Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis all anti-greenmail proposals when they are presented as bundled items with other charter or bylaw amendments.

Shareholder Ability to Remove Directors

Shareholder ability to remove directors, with or without cause, is either prescribed by a state’s business corporation law, individual company’s articles of incorporation, or its corporate bylaws. Many companies have sought shareholder approval for charter or bylaw amendments that would prohibit the removal of directors except for cause, thus ensuring that directors would retain their directorship for their full-term unless found guilty of self-dealing. By requiring cause to be demonstrated through due process, management insulates the directors from removal even if a director has been performing poorly, not attending meetings, or not acting in the best interests of shareholders.

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposals that provide that directors may be removed only for cause;

 

   

Vote FOR proposals which seek to restore the authority of shareholders to remove directors with or without cause;

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposals that provide only continuing directors may elect replacements to fill board vacancies;

 

   

Vote FOR proposals that permit shareholders to elect directors to fill board vacancies.

Shareholder Ability to Alter the Size of the Board

Proposals that would allow management to increase or decrease the size of the board at its own discretion are often used by companies as a takeover defense. Proposals to fix the size of the board at a specific number can prevent management from increasing the board size without shareholder approval when facing a proxy context. By increasing the size of the board, management can make it more difficult for dissidents to gain control of the board. Fixing the size of the board also prevents a reduction in the size of the board as a strategy to oust independent directors. Fixing board size also prevents management from increasing the number of directors in order to dilute the effects of cumulative voting.

 

   

Vote FOR proposals that seek to fix the size of the board within an acceptable range;

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposals that give management the ability to alter the size of the board without shareholder approval.

SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS

Confidential Voting

The confidential ballot ensures that voters are not subject to real or perceived coercion. In an open voting system, management can determine who has voted against its nominees or proposals before a final vote count. As a result, shareholders can be pressured to vote with management at companies with which they maintain or would like to establish a business relationship.

 

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Vote FOR shareholder proposals that request corporations to adopt confidential voting, the use of independent tabulators, and the use of independent inspectors for an election as long as the proposals include clauses for proxy contests. In the case of a contested election, management is permitted to request that the dissident group honor its confidential voting policy. If the dissidents agree, the policy remains in place. If the dissidents do not agree, the confidential voting policy is waived;

 

   

Vote FOR management proposals to adopt confidential voting procedures.

Shareholder Ability to Call Special Meetings

Most state corporation statutes allow shareholders to call a special meeting when they want to take action on certain matters that arise between regularly scheduled annual meetings. Sometimes this right applies only if a shareholder or a group of shareholders own a specified percentage of shares, with ten percent being the most common. Shareholders may lose the ability to remove directors, initiate a shareholder resolution, or respond to a beneficial offer without having to wait for the next scheduled meeting if they are unable to act at a special meeting of their own calling.

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholder ability to call special meetings;

 

   

Vote FOR proposals that remove restrictions on the right of shareholders to act independently of management;

 

   

Vote AGAINST provisions that would require advance notice of more than sixty days.

Shareholder Ability to Act by Written Consent

Consent solicitations allow shareholders to vote on and respond to shareholder and management proposals by mail without having to act at a physical meeting. A consent card is sent by mail for shareholder approval and only requires a signature for action. Some corporate bylaws require supermajority votes for consents, while at others standard annual meeting rules apply. Shareholders may lose the ability to remove directors, initiate a shareholder resolution, or respond to a beneficial offer without having to wait for the next scheduled meeting if they are unable to act at a special meeting of their own calling.

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholder ability to take action by written consent;

 

   

Vote FOR proposals to allow or make easier shareholder action by written consent.

Unequal Voting Rights

Incumbent managers are able to use unequal voting rights through the creation of a separate class of shares that has superior voting rights to the common shares of regular shareholders. This separate class of shares with disproportionate voting power allows management to concentrate its power and insulate itself from the wishes of the majority of shareholders. Dual class exchange offers involve a transfer of voting rights from one group of shareholders to another group of shareholders typically through the payment of a preferential dividend. A dual class recapitalization plan also establishes two classes of common stock with unequal voting rights, but initially involves an equal distribution of preferential and inferior voting shares to current shareholders.

 

   

Vote FOR resolutions that seek to maintain or convert to a one-share-one-vote capital structure;

 

   

Vote AGAINST requests for the creation or continuation of dual class capital structures or the creation of new or additional super-voting shares.

Supermajority Shareholder Vote Requirement to Amend the Charter or Bylaws

Supermajority shareholder vote requirements for charter or bylaw amendments are often the result of “lock-in” votes, which are the votes required to repeal new provisions to the corporate charter. Supermajority

 

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provisions violate the principle that a simple majority of voting shares should be all that is necessary to effect change regarding a company and its corporate governance provisions. Requiring more than this may entrench managers by blocking actions that are in the best interests of shareholders.

The general lack of credit availability for financially distressed companies has resulted in “rescue” or highly dilutive stock and warrant issuances, which often comprise a majority of the company’s voting stock upon conversion. When an investor takes control of the company through the conversion of securities, the new owners often seek statutory amendments, such as adopting written consent, or allowing 50 percent shareholders to call a special meeting, that allow effective control over the company with little or no input from minority shareholders.

In such cases, the existing supermajority vote requirements would serve to protect minority shareholders’ interests. The reduction in the vote requirements, when coupled with low quorum requirements (in Nevada and other states) could shift the balance in power away from small shareholders while overly empowering large shareholders.

 

   

Vote AGAINST management proposals to require a supermajority shareholder vote to approve charter and bylaw amendments;

 

   

Vote AGAINST management proposals seeking to lower supermajority shareholder vote requirements when they accompany management sponsored proposals to also change certain charter or bylaw amendments;

 

   

Vote FOR management or shareholder proposals to reduce supermajority vote requirements for charter and bylaw amendments. However, for companies with shareholder(s) who have significant ownership levels, vote CASE-BY-CASE, taking into account i) ownership structure, ii) quorum requirements, and iii) supermajority vote requirements.

Supermajority Shareholder Vote Requirement to Approve Mergers

Supermajority provisions violate the principle that a simple majority of voting shares should be all that is necessary to effect change regarding a company and its corporate governance provisions. Requiring more than this may entrench managers by blocking actions that are in the best interests of shareholders.

 

   

Vote AGAINST management proposals to require a supermajority shareholder vote to approve mergers and other significant business combinations;

 

   

Vote FOR shareholder proposals to lower supermajority shareholder vote requirements for mergers and other significant business combinations.

Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals to reimburse for proxy solicitation expenses;

 

   

When voting in conjunction with support of a dissident slate, always support the reimbursement of all appropriate proxy solicitation expenses associated with the election;

 

   

Generally support requests seeking to reimburse a shareholder proponent for all reasonable campaign expenditures for a proposal approved by the majority of shareholders.

Bundled Proposals

 

   

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on bundled or conditional proxy proposals. In the case of items that are conditioned upon each other, examine the benefits and costs of the packaged items. In instances when the joint effect of the conditioned items is not in shareholders’ best interests, vote AGAINST the proposals. If the combined effect is positive, support such proposals.

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MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS/CORPORATE RESTRUCTURINGS

A number of academic and industry studies in recent years have estimated that nearly three quarters of all corporate acquisitions fail to create economically meaningful shareholder value. These studies have also demonstrated that the larger the deal the greater the risk in realizing long-term value for shareholders of the acquiring firm. These risks include integration challenges, over-estimation of expected synergies, incompatible corporate cultures and poor succession planning. Indeed, some studies have found that smaller deals within specialized industries on average outperform “big bet” larger deals by a statistically significant factor.

In analyzing M&A deals, private placements or other transactional related items on proxy, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services performs a well-rounded analysis that seeks to balance all facets of the deal to ascertain whether the proposed acquisition is truly going to generate long-term value for shareholders and enhance the prospects of the ongoing corporation.

Votes on mergers and acquisitions are always considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, taking into account the following factors:

 

   

Impact of the merger on shareholder value;

 

   

Perspective of ownership (target vs. acquirer) in the deal;

 

   

Form and mix of payment (i.e. stock, cash, debt, etc.);

 

   

Fundamental value drivers behind the deal;

 

   

Anticipated financial and operating benefits realizable through combined synergies;

 

   

Offer price (cost vs. premium);

 

   

Change-in-control payments to executive officers;

 

   

Financial viability of the combined companies as a single entity;

 

   

Was the deal put together in good faith? What kind of auction setting took place? Were negotiations carried out at arm’s length? Was any portion of the process tainted by possible conflicts of interest?;

 

   

Fairness opinion (or lack thereof);

 

   

Changes in corporate governance and their impact on shareholder rights;

 

   

What are the potential legal or environmental liability risks associated with the target firm?;

 

   

Impact on community stakeholders and employees in both workforces;

 

   

How will the merger adversely affect employee benefits like pensions and health care?

Fair Price Provisions

Fair price provisions were originally designed to specifically defend against the most coercive of takeover devises- the two-tiered, front-end loaded tender offer. In such a hostile takeover, the bidder offers cash for enough shares to gain control of the target. At the same time, the acquirer states that once control has been obtained, the target’s remaining shares will be purchased with cash, cash and securities, or only securities. Since the payment offered for the remaining stock is, by design, less valuable than the original offer for the controlling shares, shareholders are forced to sell out early to maximize the value of their shares. Standard fair price provisions require that in the absence of board or shareholder approval of the acquisition the bidder must pay the remaining shareholders the same price for their shares that brought control.

 

   

Vote FOR fair price proposals as long as the shareholder vote requirement embedded in the provision is no more than a majority of disinterested shares;

 

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Vote FOR shareholder proposals to lower the shareholder vote requirement in existing fair price provisions.

Corporate Restructuring

 

   

Votes concerning corporate restructuring proposals, including minority squeeze outs, leveraged buyouts, spin-offs, liquidations, and asset sales, are considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Appraisal Rights

Rights of appraisal provide shareholders who do not approve of the terms of certain corporate transactions the right to demand a judicial review in order to determine the fair value for their shares. The right of appraisal applies to mergers, sale of corporate assets, and charter amendments that may have a materially adverse effect on the rights of dissenting shareholders.

 

   

Vote FOR proposals to restore or provide shareholders with the right of appraisal.

Spin-offs

 

   

Votes on spin-offs are considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis depending on the tax and regulatory advantages, planned use of sale proceeds, market focus, and managerial incentives.

Asset Sales

 

   

Votes on asset sales are made on a CASE-BY-CASE basis after considering the impact on the balance sheet/working capital, value received for the asset, and potential elimination of diseconomies.

Liquidations

 

   

Votes on liquidations are made on a CASE-BY-CASE basis after reviewing management’s efforts to pursue other alternatives, appraisal value of assets, and the compensation plan for executives managing the liquidation.

Going Private Transactions (LBOs, Minority Squeezeouts)

 

   

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on going private transactions, taking into account the following: offer price/premium, fairness opinion, how the deal was negotiated, conflicts of interest, other alternatives/offers considered, and non-completion risk.

 

   

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on “going dark” transactions, determining whether the transaction enhances shareholder value by taking into consideration whether the company has attained benefits from being publicly-traded (examination of trading volume, liquidity, and market research of the stock), cash-out value, whether the interests of continuing and cashed-out shareholders are balanced, and market reaction to public announcement of transaction.

Changing Corporate Name

 

   

Vote FOR changing the corporate name in all instances if proposed and supported by management and the board.

Plans of Reorganization (Bankruptcy)

The recent financial crisis has placed Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganizations as a potential alternative for distressed companies. While the number of bankruptcies has risen over the past year as evidenced by many firms,

 

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including General Motors and Lehman Brothers, the prevalence of these reorganizations can vary year over year due to, among other things, market conditions and a company’s ability to sustain its operations. Additionally, the amount of time that lapses between a particular company’s entrance into Chapter 11 and its submission of a plan of reorganization varies significantly depending on the complexity, timing, and jurisdiction of the particular case. These plans are often put to a vote of shareholders (in addition to other interested parties), as required by the Bankruptcy Code.

 

   

Vote CASE-BY-CASE basis on proposals to common shareholders on bankruptcy plans of reorganization, considering the following factors including, but not limited to:

 

   

Estimated value and financial prospects of the reorganized company;

 

   

Percentage ownership of current shareholders in the reorganized company;

 

   

Whether shareholders are adequately represented in the reorganization process (particularly through the existence of an Official Equity Committee);

 

   

The cause(s) of the bankruptcy filing, and the extent to which the plan of reorganization addresses the cause(s); Existence of a superior alternative to the plan of reorganization; and Governance of the reorganized company.

 

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CAPITAL STRUCTURE

The management of a corporation’s capital structure involves a number of important issues including dividend policy, types of assets, opportunities for growth, ability to finance new projects internally, and the cost of obtaining additional capital. Many financing decisions have a significant impact on shareholder value, particularly when they involve the issuance of additional common stock, preferred stock, or debt.

Common Stock Authorization

State statutes and stock exchanges require shareholder approval for increases in the number of common shares. Corporations increase their supply of common stock for a variety of ordinary business purposes: raising new capital, funding stock compensation programs, business acquisitions, implementation of stock splits, or payment of stock dividends.

Clear justification should accompany all management requests for shareholders approval of increases in authorized common stock. We support increases in authorized common stock to fund stock splits that are in shareholders’ interests. Consideration will be made on a case-by-case basis on proposals when the company intends to use the additional stock to implement a poison pill or other takeover defense. The amount of additional stock requested in comparison to the requests of the company’s peers as well as the company’s articulated reason for the increase must be evaluated.

 

   

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issue. The following factors will be considered:

 

   

Past Board Performance: i) the company’s use of authorized shares during the last three years; ii) one- and three-year total shareholder return; and practices iii) the board’s governance structure and practices including existing takeover defenses and presence of egregious equity compensation practices;

 

   

The Current Request: i) specific reasons/rationale for the proposed increase; ii) the dilutive impact of the request; and iii) risks to shareholders of not approving the request.

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposals at companies with dual-class capital structures to increase the number of authorized shares of the class of stock that has superior voting rights;

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposed common stock authorizations that increase the existing authorization by more than fifty percent unless a clear need for the excess shares is presented by the company.

Reverse Stock Splits

Reverse splits exchange multiple shares for a lesser amount to increase share price. Increasing share price is sometimes necessary to restore a company’s share price to a level that will allow it to be traded on the national stock exchanges. In addition, some brokerage houses have a policy of not monitoring or investing in very low priced shares. Reverse stock splits can help maintain stock liquidity.

Management proposals to implement a reverse stock split will be reviewed on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, taking into account whether there is a corresponding proportional decrease in authorized shares. Generally support a reverse stock split if management provides a reasonable justification for the split and reduces authorized shares accordingly. Without a corresponding decrease, a reverse stock split is effectively an increase in authorized shares by reducing the number of shares outstanding while leaving the number of authorized shares to be issued at the pre-split level.

Blank Check Preferred Authorization

Preferred stock is an equity security which has certain features similar to debt instruments- such as fixed dividend payments and seniority of claims to common stock — and usually carries little to no voting rights. The

 

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terms of blank check preferred stock give the board of directors the power to issue shares of preferred stock at their discretion with voting, conversion, distribution, and other rights to be determined by the board at time of issue. Blank check preferred stock can be used for sound corporate purposes but can also be used as a device to thwart hostile takeovers without shareholder approval.

 

   

Vote FOR proposals to create “declawed” blank check preferred stock (stock that cannot be used as a takover defense);

 

   

Vote FOR requests to require shareholder approval for blank check authorizations;

 

   

Vote FOR proposals to authorize preferred stock in cases where the company specifies the voting, dividend, conversion, and other rights of such stock and the terms of the preferred stock appear reasonable;

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposals that would authorize the creation of new classes of preferred stock with unspecified voting, conversion, dividend, distribution, and other rights (“blank check” preferred stock);

 

   

Vote AGAINST proposals to increase the number of blank check preferred stock authorized for issuance when no shares have been issued or reserved for a specific purpose.

Adjust Par Value of Common Stock

Stock that has a fixed per share value that is on its certificate is called par value stock. The purpose of par value stock is to establish the maximum responsibility of a stockholder in the event that a corporation becomes insolvent. Proposals to reduce par value come from certain state level requirements for regulatory industries such as banks and other legal requirements relating to the payment of dividends.

 

   

Vote FOR management proposals to reduce the par value of common stock.

Preemptive Rights

Preemptive rights permit shareholders to share proportionately in any new issues of stock of the same class. These rights guarantee existing shareholders the first opportunity to purchase shares of new issues of stock in the same class as their own and in the same proportion. The absence of these rights could cause stockholders’ interest in a company to be reduced by the sale of additional shares without their knowledge and at prices unfavorable to them. Preemptive rights, however, can make it difficult for corporations to issue large blocks of stock for general corporate purposes. Both corporations and shareholders benefit when corporations are able to arrange issues without preemptive rights that do not result in a substantial transfer of control.

 

   

Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to create or abolish preemptive rights. In evaluating proposals on preemptive rights, we look at the size of a company and the characteristics of its shareholder base.

Debt Restructuring

We review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to increase common and/or preferred shares and to issue shares as part of a debt-restructuring plan. The following factors are considered:

 

   

Dilution — How much will the ownership interest of existing shareholders be reduced, and how extreme will dilution to any future earnings be?

 

   

Change in Control — Will the transaction result in a change in control of the company? Are board and committee seats guaranteed? Do standstill provisions and voting agreements exist?

 

   

Financial Issues — company’s financial situation, degree of need for capital, use of proceeds, and effect of the financing on the company’s cost of capital

 

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Terms of the offer — discount/premium in purchase price to investor including any fairness opinion,

 

   

termination penalties and exit strategy

 

   

Conflict of interest — arm’s length transactions and managerial incentives

 

   

Management’s efforts to pursue other alternatives

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals regarding debt restructurings.

Vote FOR the debt restructuring if it is expected that the company will file for bankruptcy if the transaction is not approved.

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STATE OF INCORPORATION

Voting on State Takeover Statutes

Review on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to opt in or out of state takeover statutes (including control share acquisition statutes, control share cash-out statutes, freeze out provisions, fair price provisions, stakeholder laws, poison pill endorsements, severance pay and labor contract provisions, anti-greenmail provisions, and disgorgement provisions). We generally support opting into stakeholder protection statutes if they provide comprehensive protections for employees and community stakeholders. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services is less supportive of takeover statutes that only serve to protect incumbent management from accountability to shareholders and which negatively influence shareholder value.

Reincorporations Proposals

Management or shareholder proposals to change a company’s state of incorporation should be evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, giving consideration to both financial and corporate governance concerns including the following:

 

   

Reasons for reincorporation;

 

   

Comparison of company’s governance practices and provisions prior to and following the reincorporation; and

 

   

Comparison of corporation laws of original state and destination state

Vote FOR reincorporation when the economic factors outweigh any neutral or negative governance changes.

Offshore Reincorporations and Tax Havens

For a company that seeks to reincorporate, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services evaluates the merits of the move on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, taking into consideration the company’s strategic rationale for the move, the potential economic ramifications, potential tax benefits, and any corporate governance changes that may impact shareholders. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes there are a number of concerns associated with a company looking to reincorporate from the United States to offshore locales such as Bermuda, the Cayman Islands or Panama. The trend of U.S. companies seeking to move offshore appears to be on the rise, and shareholders are just beginning to understand the web of complexities surrounding the legal, tax, and governance implications involved in such a transaction.

When reviewing a proposed offshore move, the following factors are considered:

 

   

Legal recourse for U.S. stockholders of the new company and the enforcement of legal judgments against the company under the U.S. securities laws;

 

   

The transparency (or lack thereof) of the new locale’s legal system;

 

   

Adoption of any shareholder-unfriendly corporate law provisions;

 

   

Actual, quantifiable tax benefits associated with foreign incorporation;

 

   

Potential for accounting manipulations and/or discrepancies;

 

   

Any pending U.S. legislation concerning offshore companies;

 

   

Prospects of reputational harm and potential damage to brand name via increased media coverage concerning corporate expatriation.

Furthermore, generally support shareholder requests calling for “expatriate” companies that are domiciled abroad yet predominantly owned and operated in America to re-domesticate back to a U.S. state jurisdiction.

 

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CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY & ACCOUNTABILITY

Social, Environmental and Sustainability Issues

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services generally supports social, workforce, and environmental shareholder-sponsored resolutions if they seek to create responsible corporate citizens while at the same time attempting to enhance long-term shareholder value. We typically support proposals that ask for disclosure reporting of information that is not available outside the company that is not proprietary in nature. Such reporting is particularly most vital when it appears that a company has not adequately addressed shareholder concerns regarding social, workplace, environmental and/or other issues. A determination whether the request is relevant to the company’s core business and in-line with industry practice will be made on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. The proponent of the resolution must make the case that the benefits of additional disclosure outweigh the costs of producing the report.

In determining our vote on social, workplace, environmental, and other related proposals, we specifically analyze the following factors:

 

   

Whether adoption of the proposal would have either a positive or negative impact on the company’s short-term or long-term share value;

 

   

Percentage of sales, assets, and earnings affected;

 

   

Degree to which the company’s stated position on the issues could affect its reputation or sales, or leave it vulnerable to boycott or selective purchasing;

 

   

Whether the issues presented should be dealt with through government or company-specific action;

 

   

Whether the company has already responded in some appropriate manner to the request embodied in a proposal;

 

   

Whether the company’s analysis and voting recommendation to shareholders is persuasive;

 

   

What its industry peers have done in response to the issue;

 

   

Whether the proposal itself is well framed and reasonable;

 

   

Whether implementation of the proposal would achieve the objectives sought in the proposal;

 

   

Whether the subject of the proposal is best left to the discretion of the board.

In general, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports proposals that request the company to furnish information helpful to shareholders in evaluating the company’s operations from top to bottom. In order to be able to intelligently monitor their investments, shareholders often need information that is best provided by the company in which they have invested on behalf of their end beneficiaries. Qualified requests satisfying the aforementioned criteria usually merit support.

Proposals requesting that the company cease certain actions that the proponent believes are harmful to society or some segment of society will be evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. Special attention will be made to the company’s legal and ethical obligations, its ability to remain profitable, and potential negative publicity if the company fails to honor the request. A high standard will need to be met by proponents requesting specific action like divesture of a business line or operation, legal remuneration, or withdrawal from certain high-risk markets.

 

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I. GENERAL CSR RELATED

Special Policy Review and Shareholder Advisory Committees

These resolutions propose the establishment of special committees of the board to address broad corporate policy and provide forums for ongoing dialogue on issues including, but not limited to: shareholder relations, the environment, occupational health and safety, and executive compensation.

 

   

Support these proposals when they appear to offer a potentially effective method for enhancing shareholder value.

Operations in Protected or Sensitive Areas

Operating in regions protected or established under national or international categorization guidelines, including wildlife refuges, national forests, and IUCN categorized areas expose companies to increased oversight and the potential for associated risk and controversy. While it is important for a company to have the flexibility to operate in these regions to take advantage of strategic placement or growth, additional disclosure could be an important mitigating factor when addressing increased risk and oversight. Restrictions to the company’s operations, damaging public opinion, and costly litigation resulting from failure to comply with the requirements associated with protected or categorized regions could have a significant impact on shareholder value.

 

   

Generally support shareholder requests for reports outlining potential environmental damage from operations in protected regions, including wildlife refuges, unless the company does not currently have operations or plans to develop operations in these protected regions.

Land Use

Many large retail stores and real estate development firms have received criticism over their policies and processes for acquiring and developing land. Often, in such cases, there are organizations that support as well as those that oppose the proposed development.

Many of these requests brought forth by the respective stakeholders raise serious issues that can have a real impact on short-term shareholder value. However in some cases, additional reporting may be duplicative of existing disclosure or may fail to provide added benefit to shareholders commensurate with the associated cost or burden of providing additional information. Some of the companies targeted with this resolution have been subject to recent litigation and/or significant fines stemming from its land use practices or recent community boycotts.

 

   

Generally support shareholder resolutions that request better disclosure of detailed information on a company’s policies related to land use or development or compliance with local and national laws and zoning requirements.

International Financial Related

The rise of globalization has put increasing importance on the need for US companies to periodically monitor their business operations abroad. As a means to preserve brand integrity and protect against potentially costly litigation and negative public relations, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services generally supports shareholder proposals which call for a report on the company’s core business policies and procedures of its operations outside the United States.

Many of the resolutions which address a company’s international policies can include: impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in emerging market economies; corporate safeguards against money laundering; terrorist financing; economic de-stabilization concerns; relationships with international financial institutions (IFIs); and product sales/marketing abroad (i.e., tobacco, pharmaceutical drug pricing).

 

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Generally support proposals asking for policy clarification and reporting on foreign-related matters that can materially impact the company’s short and long-term bottom line.

Affirm Political Non-Partisanship

Employees should not be put in a position where professional standing and goodwill within the corporation could be jeopardized as a result of political beliefs. Responsible employment practices should protect workers from an environment characterized by political indoctrination or intimidation. Corporations should not devote resources to partisan political activities, nor should they compel their employees to contribute to or support particular causes. Moreover, it is wise for a corporation to maintain a politically neutral stance as to avoid potentially embarrassing conflicts of interests that could negatively impact the company’s brand name with consumers.

 

   

Generally support proposals affirming political non-partisanship within the company.

Political Contributions Reporting & Disclosure

Changes in legislation that governs corporate political giving have, rather than limiting such contributions, increased the complexity of tracking how much money corporations contribute to the political process and where that money ultimately ends up. A company’s involvement in the political process could impact shareholder value if such activities are not properly overseen and managed.

Shareholders have the right to know about corporate political activities, and management’s knowledge that such information can be made publicly available should encourage a company’s lawful and responsible use of political contributions.

Moreover, it is critical that shareholders understand the internal controls that are in place at a company to adequately manage political contributions. Given the significant reputational and financial risk involved in political giving, shareholders should expect management to have the necessary capabilities to monitor and track all monies distributed toward political groups and causes. These internal controls should be fully consistent with Section 404 requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

While political contributions, lobbying and other corporate political activity can benefit the strategic interests of a company, it is important that accountability mechanisms are in place to ensure that monies disbursed in support of political objectives actually generate identifiable returns on shareholder wealth. Such mechanisms serve to insure against the use of shareholder funds in the furtherance of narrow management agendas.

When analyzing the proposals, special consideration will be made if the target company has been the subject of significant controversy stemming from its contributions or political activities, if the company fails to disclose a policy to shareholders that outlines the process by which the company considers its political contributions, or if the company has recently been involved in significant controversy or litigation related to the company’s political contributions or governmental affairs.

 

   

Support reporting of political and political action committee (PAC) contributions;

 

   

Support establishment of corporate political contributions guidelines and internal reporting provisions or controls;

 

   

Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals asking to publish in newspapers and public media the company’s political contributions as such publications could present significant cost to the company without providing commensurate value to shareholders.

 

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Military Sales

Shareholder proposals from church groups and other community organizations ask companies for detailed reports on foreign military sales. These proposals often can be created at reasonable cost to the company and contain no proprietary data. Large companies can supply this information without undue burden and provide shareholders with information affecting corporate performance and decision-making.

 

   

Generally support reports on foreign military sales and economic conversion of facilities and where such reporting will not disclose sensitive information that could impact the company adversely or increase its legal exposure;

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking a company to develop specific military contracting criteria.

Report on Operations in Sensitive Regions or Countries

Over the past decade, a number of public companies — especially within the extractive sector — have withdrawn from geopolitically sensitive regions as a result of being associated with political controversies involving their host countries (i.e. Myanmar, the Sudan, China, Iran, etc.). Oil and natural gas companies, in particular, continue be the largest investors in many countries involved in human rights abuse and terrorist activities. As such, these companies become targets of consumer boycotts, public relations backlash and even governmental intervention.

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals to adopt labor standards in connection with involvement in a certain market and other potentially sensitive geopolitical regions;

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals seeking a report on operations within a certain market and documentation of costs of continued involvement in a given country or region;

 

   

Generally support requests for establishment of a board committee to review and report on the reputational risks and legal compliance with U.S. sanctions as a result of the company’s continued operations in countries associated with terrorist sponsored activities;

 

   

Consider shareholder proposals to pull out of a certain market on a CASE-BY-CASE basis considering factors such as overall cost, FDI exposure, level of disclosure for investors, magnitude of controversy, and the current business focus of the company.

Recycling Policy

A number of companies have received proposals to step-up their recycling efforts, with the goal of reducing the company’s negative impact on the environment and reducing costs over the long-term.

 

   

Vote FOR shareholder proposals that ask companies to increase their recycling efforts or to adopt a formal recycling policy.

II. CLIMATE CHANGE ~ GLOBAL WARMING

Shareholder proposals addressing environmental and energy concerns have been plentiful in recent years, and generally seek greater disclosure on an issue or seek to improve a company’s environmental practices in order to protect the world’s natural resources. In addition, some proponents cite the negative financial implications for companies with poor environmental practices, including liabilities associated with site clean-ups and lawsuits, as well as arguments that energy efficient products and clean environmental practices are sustainable business practices that will contribute to long-term shareholder value. Shareholders say the majority of independent atmospheric scientists agree that global warming poses a serious problem to the health and welfare of all countries, citing the findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the world’s most authoritative scientific body on the subject. Shareholder proponents argue that companies can report on their greenhouse gas emissions within a few months at reasonable cost.

 

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Kyoto Compliance

The Kyoto Protocol was officially ratified in November 2004 and requires the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by signatory countries in an effort to lower the global emissions of six key greenhouse gasses and address concerns over climate change. While some Kyoto signatory markets have not yet released the details of their respective regulations for companies, it is clear that there will be some significant financial impact on corporate issuers, especially those that operate in industries profoundly impacted by greenhouse gas emission constraints or regulation. In order to comply with the anticipated standards, companies will have to consider options such as: capital improvement to their facilities to reduce emissions, the cost of “trading” carbon credits on an open market to offset emission overages, or the expense of fines or restrictions resulting from noncompliance.

 

   

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services generally supports resolutions requesting that companies outline their preparations to comply with standards established by Kyoto Protocol signatory markets, unless: 1) The company does not maintain operations in Kyoto signatory markets; or 2) The company already evaluates and substantially discloses such information to shareholders; or, 3) Greenhouse gas emissions do not materially impact the company’s core businesses.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Scientists generally agree that gases released by chemical reactions including the burning of fossil fuels contribute to a “greenhouse effect” that traps the planet’s heat. Environmentalists claim that the greenhouse gases produced by the industrial age have caused recent weather crises such as heat waves, rainstorms, melting glaciers, rising sea levels and receding coastlines. With notable exceptions, business leaders have described the rise and fall of global temperatures as naturally occurring phenomena and depicted corporate impact on climate change as minimal.

Shareholder proposals asking a company to issue a report to shareholders — at reasonable cost and omitting proprietary information — on greenhouse gas emissions ask that the report include descriptions of efforts within companies to reduce emissions, their financial exposure and potential liability from operations that contribute to global warming, and their direct or indirect efforts to promote the view that global warming is not a threat. Proponents argue that there is scientific proof that the burning of fossil fuels causes global warming, that future legislation may make companies financially liable for their contributions to global warming, and that a report on the company’s role in global warming can be assembled at reasonable cost.

Investment in Renewable Energy

Filers of proposals on renewable energy ask companies to increase their investment in renewable energy sources and to work to develop products that rely more on renewable energy sources. Increased use of renewable energy will reduce the negative environmental impact of energy companies. In addition, as supplies of oil and coal exist in the earth in limited quantities, renewable energy sources represent a competitive, and some would even argue essential, long-term business strategy.

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals seeking increased investment in renewable energy sources, taking into account whether the terms of the resolution are realistic or overly restrictive for management to pursue.

 

   

Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for a company to commit to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions under a reasonable timeline.

Sustainability Reporting and Planning

The concept of sustainability is commonly understood as meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Indeed, the term sustainability is

 

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complex and poses significant challenges for companies on many levels. Many in the investment community have termed this broader responsibility the “triple bottom line,” referring to the triad of performance goals related to economic prosperity, social responsibility and environmental quality. In essence, the concept requires companies to balance the needs and interests of their various stakeholders while operating in a manner that sustains business growth for the long-term, supports local communities and protects the environment and natural capital for future generations.

Reporting and enhanced disclosure addressing sustainable development is important to companies namely because it offers a formal structure for decision making that helps management teams anticipate and address important global trends that can have serious consequences for business and society. Shareholders may request general sustainability reports on a specific location (i.e. drilling in ANWR) or operation (i.e. nuclear facility), often requesting that the company detail the environmental, social, legal and other risks and/or potential liabilities of the specific project in question.

A number of companies have begun to report on sustainability issues using established standards in the marketplace. Such reporting focuses on corporate compliance and measurement regarding key economic, environmental, and social performance indicators. Many best practice companies release annual sustainability reports in conjunction to regular annual statement of operations.

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals seeking greater disclosure on the company’s environmental practices, and/or environmental risks and liabilities.

Endorsement of CERES Principles

These resolutions call for the adoption of principles that encourage the company to protect the environment and the safety and health of its employees. The CERES Principles, formulated by the Coalition of Environmentally Responsible Economies, require signing companies to address environmental issues, including protection of the biosphere, sustainable use of natural resources, reduction and disposal of wastes, energy conservation, and employee and community risk reduction. A signee to the CERES Principles would disclose its efforts in such areas through a standardized report submitted to CERES and made available to the public.

Evidence suggests that environmentally conscious companies may realize long-term savings by implementing programs to pollute less and conserve resources. In addition, environmentally responsible companies stand to benefit from good public relations and new marketing opportunities. Moreover, the reports that are required of signing companies provide shareholders with more information concerning topics they may deem relevant to their company’s financial well-being. Roughly thirty public companies have voluntarily adopted these principles.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports proposals that improve a company’s public image, reduce exposure to liabilities, and establish standards so that environmentally responsible companies and markets are not at a competitive financial disadvantage.

 

   

Vote FOR requests asking a company to formally adopt the CERES Principles;

 

   

Vote FOR adoption of reports to shareholders on environmental issues.

III. WORKPLACE PRACTICES  & HUMAN RIGHTS

Equal Employment Opportunity

These proposals generally request that a company establish a policy of reporting to shareholders its progress with equal opportunity and affirmative action programs. The costs of violating federal laws that prohibit discrimination by corporations are high and can affect corporate earnings.

 

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The Equal Opportunities Employment Commission (EEOC) does not release the company’s filings to the public unless it is involved in litigation, and it is difficult to obtain from other sources. Companies need to be very sensitive to minority employment issues as the new evolving work force becomes increasingly diverse. This information can be provided with little cost to the company and does not create an unreasonable burden on management.

 

   

Vote FOR proposals calling for action on equal employment opportunity and anti-discrimination;

 

   

Vote FOR legal and regulatory compliance and public reporting related to non-discrimination, affirmative action, workplace health and safety, environmental issues, and labor policies and practices that affect long-term corporate performance;

 

   

Vote FOR non-discrimination in salary, wages, and all benefits.

High-Performance Workplace

High-performance workplace practices emphasize employee training, participation, and feedback. The concept of a high-performance workplace has been endorsed by the U.S. Department of Labor and refers to a workplace that is designed to provide workers with the information, skills, incentives, and responsibility to make decisions essential for innovation, quality improvement and rapid response to changes in the marketplace. These standards embrace a “what is good for the worker is good for the company” philosophy. Studies have shown that improvement in human resources practices is associated with increases in total return to shareholders. High-performance workplace standards proposals can include linking compensation to social measures such as employee training, morale and safety, environmental performance and workplace lawsuits.

 

   

Generally support proposals that incorporate high-performance workplace standards.

Non-Discrimination in Retirement Benefits

A cash balance plan is a defined benefit plan that treats an earned retirement benefit as if it were a credit from a defined contribution plan, but which provides a stated benefit at the end of its term. Because employer contributions to these plans are credited evenly over the life of a plan and not based on a seniority formula, they may reduce payouts to long-term employees who are currently vested in plans.

Cash-balance pension conversions have undergone significant congressional and federal agency scrutiny in the wake of high-profile EEOC complaints on age discrimination and employee anger at several large blue-chip companies. While significant policy reform is unlikely in the short-term, business interests are worried enough that the National Association of Manufacturers and other pro-business lobbies have formed a coalition on Capitol Hill to preserve the essential features of the plans and to overturn a recent IRS ruling.

Driving the push behind conversions from traditional pension plans to cash-balance plans are the substantial savings that companies generate in the process. Critics point out that this savings is gained at the expense of the most senior employees. Shareholder resolutions call on corporate boards to establish a committee of outside directors to prepare a report to shareholders on the potential impact of pension-related proposals now being considered by national policymakers in reaction to the controversy spawned by the plans.

 

   

Support proposals calling for a non-discrimination policy with regard to retirement benefits and pension management at a company.

Fair Lending Reporting and Compliance

These resolutions call for financial institutions to comply with fair lending laws and statutes while avoiding predatory practices in their sub-prime lending. These predatory practices include: lending to borrowers with inadequate income, who will then default; not reporting on payment performances of borrowers to credit agencies; implying that credit life insurance is necessary to obtain the loan (packing); unnecessarily high fees;

 

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refinancing with high additional fees rather than working out a loan that is in arrears (flipping); and high pre-payment fees.

 

   

Support proposals calling for full compliance with fair-lending laws;

 

   

Support reporting on overall lending policies and data.

MacBride Principles

These resolutions call for the adoption of the MacBride Principles for operations located in Northern Ireland. They request companies operating abroad to support the equal employment opportunity policies that apply in facilities they operate domestically. The principles were established to address the sectarian hiring problems between Protestants and Catholics in Northern Ireland. It is well documented that Northern Ireland’s Catholic community faces much higher unemployment figures than the Protestant community. In response to this problem, the U.K. government instituted the New Fair Employment Act of 1989 (and subsequent amendments) to address the sectarian hiring problems.

Many companies believe that the Act adequately addresses the problems and that further action, including adoption of the MacBride Principles, only duplicates the efforts already underway. In evaluating a proposal to adopt the MacBride Principles, shareholders must decide whether the principles will cause companies to divest, and therefore worsen the unemployment problem, or whether the principles will promote equal hiring practices. Proponents believe that the Fair Employment Act does not sufficiently address the sectarian hiring problems. They argue that the MacBride Principles will stabilize the situation and promote further investment.

 

   

Support the MacBride Principles for operations in Northern Ireland that request companies to abide by equal employment opportunity policies.

Contract Supplier Standards

These resolutions call for compliance with governmental mandates and corporate policies regarding nondiscrimination, affirmative action, work place safety and health, and other basic labor protections.

We generally support proposals that:

 

   

Seek publication of a “Worker Code of Conduct” to be implemented by the company’s foreign suppliers and licensees, requiring they satisfy all applicable labor standards and laws protecting employees’ wages, benefits, working conditions, freedom of association, right to collectively bargain, and other rights;

 

   

Request a report summarizing the company’s current practices for enforcement of its Worker Code of Conduct;

 

   

Establishes independent monitoring mechanism in conjunction with local and respected religious and human rights groups to monitor supplier and licensee compliance with the Worker Code of Conduct;

 

   

Create incentives to encourage suppliers to raise standards rather than terminate contracts;

 

   

Implement policies for ongoing wage adjustments, ensuring adequate purchasing power and a sustainable living wage for employees of foreign suppliers and licensees;

 

   

Request public disclosure of contract supplier reviews on a regular basis;

 

   

Adopt labor standards for foreign and domestic suppliers to ensure that the company will not do business with foreign suppliers that manufacture products for sale in the U.S. using forced or child labor, or that fail to comply with applicable laws protecting employees’ wages and working conditions.

 

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Corporate Conduct and Labor Code of Conduct

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services generally supports proposals that call for the adoption and/or enforcement of clear principles or codes of conduct relating to countries in which there are systematic violations of human rights. These conditions include the use of slave, child, or prison labor, undemocratically elected governments, widespread reports by human rights advocates, fervent pro-democracy protests, or economic sanctions and boycotts.

Many proposals refer to the seven core conventions, commonly referred to as the “Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights At Work,” ratified by the International Labor Organization (ILO). The seven conventions fall under four broad categories: i) right to organize and bargain collectively; ii) non-discrimination in employment; iii) abolition of forced labor; and iv) end of child labor. Each of the 180 member nations of the ILO body are bound to respect and promote these rights to the best of their abilities.

 

   

Support the principles and codes of conduct relating to company investment and/or operations in countries with patterns of human rights abuses or pertaining to geographic regions experiencing political turmoil (Northern Ireland, Columbia, Burma, former Soviet Union, and China);

 

   

Support the implementation and reporting on ILO codes of conduct;

 

   

Support independent monitoring programs in conjunction with local and respected religious and human rights groups to monitor supplier and licensee compliance with Codes.

IV CONSUMER HEALTH & PUBLIC SAFETY

Phase-out or Label Products Containing Genetically Engineered Ingredients

Shareholder activists request companies engaged in the development of genetically modified agricultural products (GMOs) to adopt a policy of not marketing or distributing such products until long term safety testing demonstrates that they are not harmful to humans, animals or the environment. Until further long term testing demonstrates that these products are not harmful, companies in the restaurant, prepared foods and packaging industries are being asked to remove genetically altered ingredients from products they manufacture, distribute or sell, and label such products in the interim. Shareholders are asking supermarket companies to do the same for their own private label brands.

 

   

Vote FOR shareholder proposals to label products that contain genetically engineered products;

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST proposals calling for a full phase out of product lines containing GMO ingredients.

Tobacco-Related Proposals

Shareholders file resolutions annually asking that companies with ties to the tobacco industry account for their marketing and distribution strategies, particularly as they impact smoking by young people. While the specific resolutions for shareholder proponents vary from year to year, activist shareholders consistently make the tobacco industry one of their most prominent targets. Examples of tobacco proposals include: attempting to link executive compensation with teen smoking rates; the placement of company tobacco products in retail outlets; the impact of second hand smoke; and a review of advertising campaigns and their impact on children and minority groups.

 

   

Vote FOR shareholder proposals seeking to limit the sale of tobacco products to minors;

 

   

Generally vote AGAINST proposals calling for a full phase out of tobacco related product lines.

Toxic Emissions

Shareholder proposals asking companies to take steps to minimize their emissions of toxic chemicals or release of toxic waster into the environment can vary greatly. Some focus on reporting on the impact of these

 

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chemicals on the communities in which the company operates. Still others ask for a review of the company’s efforts to minimize pollution.

 

   

Vote FOR shareholder proposals calling on the company to establish a plan reduce toxic emissions.

Toxic Chemicals

The use of toxic chemicals in cosmetics, consumables, and household products has become a growing issue of concern for shareholders as international regulations on this topic continue to expand, providing increased scrutiny over potentially toxic materials or compounds used or emitted in the conduct of operations or as an ingredient in consumer goods. Shareholders must recognize the impact that changing regulation and consumer expectations could have on shareholder value and should encourage companies to disclose their policies regarding the use or emission of toxic chemicals. Specific considerations should be made for a company’s geographic markets and the appearance of historical difficulties with controversy, fines, or litigation, requests for disclosure on the potential financial and legal risk associated with toxic chemicals.

 

   

Generally support resolutions requesting that a company discloses its policies related to toxic chemicals;

 

   

Generally support shareholder resolutions requesting that companies evaluate and disclose the potential financial and legal risks associated with utilizing certain chemicals;

Nuclear Safety

These resolutions are filed at companies that manage nuclear power facilities or produce components for nuclear reactors to request disclosure on the risks to the company associated with these operations, including physical security and the potential for environmental damage. Current reporting requirements for companies that operate nuclear facilities are managed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and include detailed reports on safety and security that are available to the public.

 

   

Generally support shareholder resolutions requesting that companies report on risks associated with their nuclear reactor designs and/or the production and interim storage of irradiated fuel rods.

Concentrated Area Feeding Operations (CAFOs)

The level of pollution resulting from CAFOs has drawn increased attention in recent years as certain legal decisions have established the precedent that a company can be held liable for the actions of the contract farms it sources from. Fines and remediation expenses stemming from these cases have been significant and could have a notable impact on the companies’ operations and shareholder value.

 

   

Generally support resolutions requesting that companies report to shareholders on the risks and liabilities associated with concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) unless the company has publicly disclosed guidelines for its corporate and contract farming operations, including compliance monitoring or if the company does not directly source from CAFOs.

Pharmaceutical Product Reimportation

One of the most visible aspects of the legal and political debate over rising health care costs in the United States can be seen through prescription drug reimportation through Canada. While U.S. and Canadian regulations limit reimportation, several states have taken steps to encourage employees to actively seek less expensive medications through reimportation.

Shareholder action at major pharmaceutical companies has requested increased disclosure of the financial and legal risks associated with company policies, or called on companies to change distribution limits to increase product availability in Canada, thereby encouraging product reimportation to the United States. The level of

 

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public concern over this issue and associated impact that a poorly developed policy could have on the companies suggest that additional disclosure of company policies related to reimportation could be beneficial to shareholders and generally merits support.

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals requesting that companies report on the financial and legal impact of their policies regarding prescription drug reimportation, unless such information is already publicly disclosed.

 

   

Generally support shareholder proposals requesting that companies adopt specific policies to encourage or not constrain prescription drug reimportation.

Pharmaceutical Product Pricing

Pharmaceutical drug pricing, both within the United States and internationally, has raised many questions of the companies that are responsible for creating and marketing these treatments. Shareholder proponents, activists and even some legislators have called upon drug companies to restrain pricing of prescription drugs.

The high cost of prescription drugs is a vital issue for senior citizens across the country. Seniors have the greatest need for prescription drugs, accounting for about one-third of all prescription drug sales, but they often live on fixed incomes and are underinsured. Today about 20 million elderly people have little or no drug coverage in the U.S. In addition, the uninsured and underinsured pay substantially more for drugs than manufacturers favored customers such as HMOs and Federal agencies.

Proponents note that efforts to reign-in pharmaceutical costs will not negatively impact research and development (R&D) costs and that retail drug prices are consistently higher in the U.S. than in other industrialized nations. Pharmaceutical companies often respond that adopting a formal drug pricing policy could put the company at a competitive disadvantage.

Against the backdrop of the AIDS crisis in Africa, many shareholders have called on companies to address the issue of affordable drugs for the treatment of AIDS, as well as TB and Malaria throughout the developing world. When analyzing such resolutions, consideration should be made of the strategic implications of pricing policies in the market.

 

   

Proposals asking a company to implement price restraints on its pharmaceutical products will be evaluated on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, taking into account the following factors:

 

   

Whether the proposal focuses on a specific drug and region;

 

   

Whether the economic benefits of providing subsidized drugs (e.g., public goodwill) outweigh the costs in terms of reduced profits, lower R&D spending, and harm to competitiveness;

 

   

The extent that reduced prices can be offset through the company’s marketing expenditures without significantly impacting R&D spending;

 

   

Whether the company already limits price increases of its products;

 

   

Whether the company already contributes life-saving pharmaceuticals to the needy and Third World countries;

 

   

The extent to which peer companies implement price restraints.

 

   

Generally support proposals requesting that companies implement specific price restraints for its pharmaceutical products in developing markets or targeting certain population groups.

 

   

Generally support proposals requesting that the company evaluate their global product pricing strategy, considering the existing level of disclosure on pricing policies, any deviation from established industry pricing norms, and the company’s existing philanthropic initiatives.

 

   

Vote FOR shareholder proposals that call on companies to develop a policy to provide affordable HIV, AIDS, TB and Malaria drugs to citizens in the developing world.

 

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LOGO

 

 

2010 Taft-Hartley International Proxy Voting Guidelines

January 2010

 

 

 

Copyright © 2010 by RiskMetrics Group.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of this work should be sent to: RiskMetrics Group Marketing Department, One Chase Manhattan Plaza, 44th Floor, New York, NY 10005. RiskMetrics Group is a trademark used herein under license.

Risk Management  |  RiskMetrics Labs  |  ISS Governance Services  |  Financial Research & Analysis

www.riskmetrics.com

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

  

PROXY VOTING POLICY STATEMENT AND GUIDELINES

     B-205   

FINANCIAL RESULTS/DIRECTOR AND AUDITOR REPORTS

     B-205   

APPOINTMENT OF AUDITORS AND AUDITOR COMPENSATION

     B-206   

Ratifying Auditors

     B-206   

APPOINTMENT OF INTERNAL STATUTORY AUDITORS

     B-207   

ALLOCATION OF INCOME

     B-207   

STOCK (SCRIP) DIVIDEND ALTERNATIVE AND DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLANS

     B-208   

AMENDMENTS TO ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

     B-208   

CHANGE IN COMPANY FISCAL TERM

     B-209   

LOWER DISCLOSURE THRESHOLD FOR STOCK OWNERSHIP

     B-209   

TRANSACT OTHER BUSINESS

     B-209   

DIRECTOR AND SUPERVISORY BOARD MEMBER ELECTIONS

     B-210   

CONTESTED DIRECTOR ELECTIONS

     B-213   

DIRECTOR FEES

     B-214   

DISCHARGE OF BOARD AND MANAGEMENT

     B-214   

DIRECTOR AND OFFICER LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION, AND AUDITOR INDEMNIFICATION

     B-215   

BOARD STRUCTURE

     B-216   

Board Size

     B-216   

Adopt Classified Board

     B-216   

Introduction of Mandatory Age of Retirement

     B-217   

Altering Board Size

     B-217   

CAPITAL SYSTEMS

     B-217   

Authorized Capital System

     B-217   

Conditional Capital System

     B-217   

SHARE ISSUANCE REQUESTS

     B-218   

General Issuances

     B-218   

Specific Issuances

     B-218   

INCREASES IN AUTHORIZED CAPITAL

     B-219   

REDUCTION OF CAPITAL

     B-219   

CAPITAL STRUCTURES

     B-220   

PREFERRED STOCK

     B-220   

BLANK CHECK PREFERRED STOCK

     B-221   

DEBT ISSUANCE REQUESTS

     B-222   

PLEDGING OF ASSETS FOR DEBT

     B-222   

INCREASE IN BORROWING POWERS

     B-222   

SHARE REPURCHASE PLANS

     B-223   

REISSUANCE OF SHARES REPURCHASED

     B-224   

CAPITALIZATION OF RESERVES FOR BONUS ISSUES/INCREASE IN PAR VALUE

     B-224   

REORGANIZATIONS/RESTRUCTURINGS

     B-225   

MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS

     B-225   

REINCORPORATION PROPOSALS

     B-227   

EXPANSION OF BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

     B-228   

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

     B-228   

COMPENSATION PLANS

     B-229   

Stock Option Plans

     B-230   

Shares Reserved for Issuance of Options Under the Plan

     B-231   

Exercise Price

     B-231   

Exercise Price Discounts

     B-231   

Plan Administration

     B-231   

Eligibility and Participation

     B-232   

 

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Performance Criteria and Vesting Provisions

     B-232   

Retesting of Performance Criteria

     B-232   

Other Features Specific to Option Plans

     B-232   

Issue Terms

     B-232   

Option Repricing

     B-232   

Financial Assistance

     B-232   

Plans for International Employees

     B-233   

Stock Appreciation Rights

     B-233   

Phantom Stock Option Plans

     B-233   

Super Options

     B-233   

Restricted Stock

     B-233   

Dividends Under Option and Dividend Equivalent Payment Provisions

     B-233   

Incentive Plans

     B-233   

Share Purchase Plans

     B-234   

Other Features Specific to Share Purchase Plans

     B-234   

Eligibility

     B-234   

Loan Terms

     B-234   

Grants Outside of Plans

     B-235   

ANTITAKEOVER MECHANISMS

     B-235   

Renew Partial Takeover Provision (Australia)

     B-235   

Golden Shares

     B-235   

Poison Pills (Canada)

     B-235   

Depositary Receipts and Priority Shares (The Netherlands)

     B-237   

SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS

     B-237   

Corporate Governance Proposals

     B-238   

Social and Environmental Proposals

     B-238   

Report on Environmental Policies

     B-239   

Adoption of “CERES Principles”

     B-239   

Adoption of “MacBride Principles”

     B-239   

Contract Supplier Standards

     B-239   

Corporate Conduct and Human Rights

     B-239   

 

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TAFT-HARTLEY ADVISORY SERVICES

PROXY VOTING POLICY STATEMENT AND GUIDELINES

This statement sets forth the proxy voting policy of RiskMetrics’ Taft-Hartley Advisory Services. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote the proxies of its clients solely in the interest of their participants and beneficiaries and for the exclusive purpose of providing benefits to them. The interests of participants and beneficiaries will not be subordinated to unrelated objectives. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services shall act with the care, skill, prudence, and diligence under the circumstances then prevailing that a prudent person acting in a like capacity and familiar with such matters would use in the conduct of an enterprise of a like character and with like aims. When proxies due to Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ clients have not been received, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will make reasonable efforts to obtain missing proxies. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services is not responsible for voting proxies it does not receive.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services shall analyze each proxy on a case-by-case basis, informed by the guidelines elaborated below, subject to the requirement that all votes shall be cast solely in the long-term interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plans. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services does not intend for these guidelines to be exhaustive. Hundreds of issues appear on proxy ballots every year, and it is neither practical nor productive to fashion voting guidelines and policies which attempt to address every eventuality. Rather, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ guidelines are intended to cover the most significant and frequent proxy issues that arise across international markets. Issues not covered by the guidelines shall be voted in the interest of plan participants and beneficiaries of the plan based on a worker-owner view of long-term corporate value. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services shall revise its guidelines as events warrant.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services shall report annually to its clients on proxy votes cast on their behalf. These proxy voting reports will demonstrate Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ compliance with its responsibilities and will facilitate clients’ monitoring of Taft-Hartley Advisory Services. A copy of this Proxy Voting Policy Statement and Guidelines is provided to each client at the time Taft-Hartley Advisory Services is retained. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services shall provide its clients with revised copies of this proxy voting policy statement and guidelines whenever significant revisions have been made.

FINANCIAL RESULTS/DIRECTOR AND AUDITOR REPORTS

Vote FOR approval of financial statements and director and auditor reports, unless:

 

   

There are concerns about the accounts presented or audit procedures used; or

 

   

The company is not responsive to shareholder questions about specific items that should be publicly disclosed.

 

   

The company failed to disclose the financial reports in a timely manner.

Discussion

Most companies around the world submit these reports to shareholders for approval, and this is one of the first items on most agendas. The official financial statements and director and auditor reports are valuable documents when evaluating a company’s annual performance. The director report usually includes a review of the company’s performance during the year, justification of dividend levels and profits or losses, special events such as acquisitions or disposals, and future plans for the company.

The auditor report discloses any irregularities or problems with the company’s finances. While a qualified report by itself is not sufficient reason to oppose this resolution, it raises cautionary flags of which shareholders should be aware. Most auditor reports are unqualified, meaning that in the auditor’s opinion, the company’s financial statements are made in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

 

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When evaluating a company’s financial statements, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services looks at debt/equity levels on the balance sheet, historical sales and earnings performance, dividend history and payout ratios, and the company’s own performance relative to similar companies in its industry. Unless there are major concerns about the accuracy of the financial statements or the director or auditor reports, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services generally approves of this item.

APPOINTMENT OF AUDITORS AND AUDITOR COMPENSATION

Ratifying Auditors

Vote FOR the reelection of auditors and proposals authorizing the board to fix auditor fees, unless:

 

   

There are serious concerns about the procedures used by the auditor;

 

   

There is reason to believe that the auditor has rendered an opinion, which is neither accurate nor indicative of the company’s financial position;

 

   

External auditors have previously served the company in an executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the company;

 

   

Name of the proposed auditors has not been published;

 

   

The breakdown of audit or non-audit fees is not disclosed or provided in a timely manner (in markets where such information is routinely available);

 

   

The auditors are being changed without explanation; or

 

   

Fees for non-audit/consulting services exceed a quarter of total fees paid to the auditor.*

Vote AGAINST auditor remuneration proposals if a company’s non-audit fees are excessive and auditor remuneration is presented as a separate voting item.

In circumstances where fees for non-audit services include fees related to significant one-time capital structure events: initial public offerings, bankruptcy emergencies, and spin-offs; and the company makes public disclosure of the amount and nature of those fees which are an exception to the standard “non-audit fee” category, then such fees may be excluded from the non-audit fees considered in determining the ratio of non-audit to audit fees.

*In the UK, the level of non-audit fees is calculated as non-audit fees over audit fees, which results in higher level of non-audit fees. As such, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services uses a 50% non-audit fee benchmark in this market to determine if non-audit fees are excessive. If non-audit fees exceed 100% of audit fees, then Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote oppose both the auditor and election of audit committee members.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will apply its U.S. policy at U.S. firms incorporated in offshore tax and governance havens that do not qualify for disclosure exemptions, and vote against the reelection of auditors where auditor tenure exceeds seven years.

Discussion

Most major companies around the world use one of the major international auditing firms to conduct their audits. As such, concerns about the quality and objectivity of the audit are minimal, and the reappointment of the auditor is usually viewed as a routine matter. Audit fees tend to be highly competitive and vary little between companies. However, if a company proposes a new auditor or an auditor resigns and does not seek reelection, companies should offer an explanation to shareholders. If shareholders request an explanation for a change in auditor and the company or retiring auditor fails to provide one, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote against the election of a new auditor. If an explanation is otherwise unavailable, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote against this item.

 

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Many countries also require the appointment of censors, or special auditors who ensure that the board and management are in compliance with the company’s articles. The censors’ role is purely advisory in nature. Proposals to appoint censors are routine, as the censors usually act as a secondary auditor for special audit requirements.

The practice of auditors contributing non-audit services to companies is problematic, as illuminated by the accounting scandals around the world. When an auditor is paid more in consulting fees than for auditing, the company/auditor relationship is left open to conflicts of interest. Because accounting scandals evaporate shareholder value, any proposal to ratify auditors is examined for potential conflicts of interest, with particular attention to the fees paid to the auditor. When fees from non-audit services become significant without any clear safeguards against conflicts of interest, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will oppose the auditor’s reappointment.

APPOINTMENT OF INTERNAL STATUTORY AUDITORS

Vote FOR the appointment or reelection of statutory auditors, unless:

 

   

There are serious concerns about the statutory reports presented or the audit procedures used;

 

   

Questions exist concerning any of the statutory auditors being appointed; or

 

   

The auditors have previously served the company in an executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.

Discussion

The appointment of internal statutory auditors is a routine request for companies in Latin America, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Japan, and Russia. The statutory auditing board is usually composed of three to five members, including a group chairman and two alternate members, all of whom are expected to be independent. In addition to the regular duty of verifying corporate accounts, the auditor board is responsible for supervising management and ensuring compliance with the law and articles of association. The auditors must perform an audit of the accounts every three months and present to shareholders a report on the balance sheet at the AGM. For most countries, the auditors are elected annually and may seek reelection. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports the appointment of statutory auditors unless there are serious concerns about the reports presented or questions about an auditor’s qualifications.

ALLOCATION OF INCOME

Vote FOR approval of the allocation of income, unless:

 

   

The dividend payout ratio has been consistently below 30 percent without adequate explanation; or

 

   

The payout is excessive given the company’s financial position.

Discussion

Many countries require shareholders to approve the allocation of income generated during the year. These proposals usually, but not always, contain an allocation to dividends. When determining the acceptability of this proposal, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services focuses primarily on the payout ratio. Payouts of less than 30 percent or more than 100 percent are a trigger for further analysis. The minimum level of 30 percent is based on a review of international practice. Payouts of more than 100 percent are a signal that the company is dipping into reserves to make the payment.

Further analysis of payout ratios should include the following: an examination of historical payouts to determine if there is a long-term pattern of low payouts; exceptional events that may have artificially modified earnings for the year; the condition of a company’s balance sheet; comparisons with similar companies both domestically and internationally; and the classification of the company as growth or mature.

 

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Justifications for extreme payouts must be reviewed carefully. If the company has an adequate explanation for a certain payout, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports the income allocation as proposed. However, if a company has a pattern of low payouts, fails to adequately justify the retention of capital, and is not experiencing above-average growth, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will oppose the proposal. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will also vote against the payout if a company appears to be maintaining an excessive payout that may affect its long-term health.

Although dividend payouts are still the predominant form of distribution of capital to shareholders, share buybacks have become more popular in some markets, such as Denmark. In these cases, companies have introduced policies to return capital to shareholders by way of share repurchases instead of through the payment of dividends. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services votes on proposals to omit the payment of a dividend in favor of a share buyback on a case-by-case basis by looking at factors such as whether repurchased shares will be cancelled or may be reissued, tax consequences for shareholders, liquidity of the shares, share price movements and the solvency ratio of the company.

STOCK (SCRIP) DIVIDEND ALTERNATIVE AND DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLANS

Vote FOR most stock (scrip) dividend proposals.

Vote AGAINST proposals that do not allow for a cash option unless management demonstrates that the cash option is harmful to shareholder value.

Discussion

Stock dividend alternatives, also referred to in some markets as “scrip” dividend alternatives or dividend reinvestment plans (DRIPS), offer shareholders the option of receiving their dividend payment in the form of fully paid ordinary shares and are common proposals worldwide. While dividend payments in the form of shares in lieu of cash do not immediately add to shareholder value, they allow companies to retain cash and to strengthen the position and commitment of long-term shareholders. While Taft-Hartley Advisory Services is generally supportive of such plans, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services opposes stock dividend proposals that do not allow a cash option unless management shows that the cash outflow is detrimental to the company’s health and to long-term shareholder value.

AMENDMENTS TO ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

Votes on amendments to the articles of association are considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Requests to amend a company’s articles of association are usually motivated by changes in the company’s legal and regulatory environment, although evolution of general business practice can also prompt amendments to articles. Such proposals are especially common whenever stock exchange listing rules are revised, new legislation is passed, or a court case exposes the need to close loopholes.

Amendments to articles range from minor spelling changes to the adoption of an entirely new set of articles. While the majority of such requests are of a technical and administrative nature, minor changes in wording can have a significant impact on corporate governance. As such, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services carefully scrutinizes any changes to a company’s articles.

From a company’s perspective, it is often more efficient to adopt a new set of articles than to introduce numerous amendments. However, bundling changes that treat different provisions of the articles into one voting item prevents shareholders from separating items of concern from routine changes. By leaving a shareholder with an all-or-nothing choice, bundling allows companies to include negative provisions along with positive or neutral changes.

 

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When reviewing new or revised articles, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services classifies each change according to its potential impact on shareholder value and then weighs the package as a whole. The presence of one strongly negative change may warrant a recommendation against the resolution. In assigning these classifications, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services is not concerned with the nature of the article being amended, but rather focuses on whether the proposed change improves or worsens the existing provision.

The final criterion on which Taft-Hartley Advisory Services bases its decision is whether failure to pass a resolution would cause an immediate loss of shareholder value. In such cases, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports even a bundled resolution that includes negative changes.

CHANGE IN COMPANY FISCAL TERM

Vote FOR resolutions to change a company’s fiscal term unless a company’s motivation for the change is to postpone its annual general meeting (AGM).

Discussion

Companies routinely seek shareholder approval to change their fiscal year end. This is a decision best left to management. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services opposes this resolution only if the company is changing its year-end to postpone its AGM. Most countries require companies to hold their AGM within a certain period of time after the close of the fiscal year. If a company is embroiled in a controversy, it might seek approval to amend its fiscal year end at an EGM to avoid controversial issues at an AGM. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services opposes the change in year-end in these cases.

LOWER DISCLOSURE THRESHOLD FOR STOCK OWNERSHIP

Vote AGAINST resolutions to lower the stock ownership disclosure threshold below 5 percent unless specific reasons exist to implement a lower threshold.

Discussion

Required shareholder disclosure levels vary around the world. Some countries, such as Canada, require the disclosure of any stakes ten percent or higher, while other countries require lower disclosure levels. For example, the United Kingdom requires disclosure of stakes of three percent or greater. In some countries, shareholders may be asked from time to time to reduce the disclosure requirement at a specific company. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will support such initiatives as they encourage greater disclosure by the company’s largest shareholders. However, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote AGAINST reductions that are unduly restrictive or could act as a pretext for an antitakeover device.

TRANSACT OTHER BUSINESS

Vote AGAINST other business when it appears as a voting item.

Discussion

This item provides a forum for questions and any other resolutions that may be brought up at the meeting. In most countries this item is a non-voting formality (not requiring a shareholder vote), but companies in certain countries do include other business as a voting item. Because shareholders who vote by proxy cannot know what issues will be raised under this item, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services cannot approve this request when asked for a vote. While Taft-Hartley Advisory Services recognizes that in most cases this item is a formality or includes discussion that will have no impact on shareholders, shareholders cannot risk the negative consequences of voting in advance on an item for which information has not been disclosed.

 

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DIRECTOR AND SUPERVISORY BOARD MEMBER ELECTIONS

Vote FOR management nominees in the election of directors, unless:

 

   

Adequate disclosure has not been provided in a timely manner;

 

   

There are clear concerns about the past performance of the company or the board, including;

 

   

Questionable finances or restatements

 

   

Questionable transactions with conflicts of interest

 

   

The board fails to meet minimum corporate governance standards;

 

   

There is a lack of independence on the board and/or its key committees;

 

   

There are any records of abuses against minority shareholder interests;

 

   

The board takes actions that are not in shareholders’ best interests (excessive executive compensation, adopting antitakeover devices, failure to respond to shareholder concerns/wishes, or demonstrating a “lack of duty or care”); or

 

   

The board has been insensitive to labor interests, human rights, supplier codes of conduct, or has engaged in other corporate activities that affect the reputation of the company in the global market.

Generally vote FOR employee and/or labor representatives.

Votes AGAINST/WITHHOLD votes on individual nominees, key committee members or the entire board can be triggered by one or more of the following concerns:

 

   

Lack of a majority independent board;

 

   

Attendance of director nominees at board meetings of less than 75 percent without valid reason or explanation;

 

   

Lack of full independence on key board committees (i.e. audit, compensation, and nominating committees);

 

   

Failure to establish any key board committees (i.e. audit, compensation, or nominating) including where the board serves in the capacity of a key committee, and where there is insufficient information to determine whether key committees exist, who the committee members are, or whether the committee members are independent;

 

   

Presence of a non-independent board chairman;

 

   

Directors serving on an excessive number of other boards which could compromise their primary duties. In markets where the number of board appointments is routinely available, an excessive number of boards is defined as;

 

   

For non-executive directors, more than five total non-executive directorships.

 

   

For executive directors, i) more than three total non-executive directorships; or ii) other executive or board chair positions.

 

   

For board chairs, i) more than four total non-executive directorships; or ii) more than two board chair positions; or iii) other executive positions.

 

   

The names of nominees are unavailable or not provided in a timely manner (in markets where this information is routinely available);

 

   

Director terms are not disclosed exceed market norms;

 

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Egregious actions including;

 

   

Material failures of governance, stewardship, or fiduciary responsibilities at the company

 

   

Failure to replace management as appropriate

 

   

Egregious actions related to the director(s)’ service on other boards that raise substantial doubt about his or her ability to effectively oversee management and serve the best interests of shareholders at any company.

For bundled director elections, vote AGAINST the entire slate if any of the concerns above apply to a particular nominee.

Discussion

Most countries around the world maintain an Anglo-Saxon board structure, as seen in the United States, in which executive and nonexecutive directors are organized into a single board. However, companies in a number of countries maintain two-tiered board structures, comprising a supervisory board of nonexecutive directors and a management board with executive directors. The supervisory board oversees the actions of the management board, while the management board is responsible for the company’s daily operations. Companies with two-tiered boards elect members to the supervisory board only; management board members are appointed by the supervisory board.

Depending on the country, shareholders will be asked to either elect directors or supervisory board members at annual meetings. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services considers director/supervisory board elections to be one of the most important voting decisions that shareholders make, especially because shareholders are only given the opportunity to review their companies’ operations once a year at the AGM. Thus, if detailed information on boards or nominees is available, analysis to the highest degree possible is warranted. Directors and supervisory board members function as the representatives of shareholders and stakeholders throughout the year and are therefore, a crucial avenue of ongoing influence on management.

Levels of disclosure regarding directors vary widely. In some countries, such as the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, companies publish detailed information such as director biographies, share ownership, and related information that aids shareholders in determining the level of director independence. In these cases, we apply standards of board and key board committee independence. In many other countries, the only information available on directors is their names, while still other countries disclose no information at all. In low-disclosure markets where sufficiently detailed information about directors is unavailable, it could be counterproductive to vote against directors on the basis of a lack of information. Opposition to specific nominees or boards should be supported by specific problems or concerns.

While Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports the annual election of directors, boards in many countries are divided into two or more classes that are elected on a staggered basis. This system of classified boards is common across the world. Only Canadian companies routinely elect the entire board on an annual basis, but even in Canada companies may classify their board if an appropriate amendment is made to the articles. In certain countries, executive directors may be appointed for terms of up to six years, and a company’s articles may give executive directors protected board seats under which they are not subject to shareholder election. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes directors should stand for reelection annually and be accountable to shareholders on an annual basis, and opposes article amendment proposals seeking extensions of director terms. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also opposes protected board seats and preferential treatment of executive directors. In some countries the trend is moving toward limiting terms for directors. In The Netherlands, the corporate governance code recommends that management and supervisory board members be subject to maximum four-year terms. Although we recognize that four-year terms maybe the standard in the some markets, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will oppose the election of new directors or the reelection of an existing director when their terms are not disclosed or where their term lengths exceed market norms.

 

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When reviewing director election proposals (where possible given information disclosure), Taft-Hartley Advisory Services examines board composition, company performance, and any negative views or information on either the company or individual directors. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services determines the number of executive and independent directors on the board, the existence and composition of board committees, and the independence of the chairman. An independent director is one whose only significant relationship with the company is through its board seat. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services defines members of supervisory boards, which represent organized workers’ interests, as independent. In cases where board composition is of concern, the company’s general health and its recent financial performance may play a part in the evaluation of directors. Individual director information is also considered, including share ownership among director nominees. In markets where board independence composition information is routinely available, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will generally oppose all non-independent director nominees if the board is not at least 50 percent (majority) independent. For U.S. firms incorporated in offshore tax or governance havens that do not qualify for disclosure exemptions, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will apply its U.S. policy and vote against non-independent director nomnees if the board is not two-thirds majority independent or where key board committees are not completely independent.

While complete independence on board committees is widely recognized as best practice, there are some markets in which it is still common to find executive directors serving as committee members. Whenever the level of disclosure is adequate to determine whether a committee includes company insiders, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will generally vote against these executive directors.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also takes into account the attendance records of directors when such information is provided to shareholders, using a benchmark attendance rate of 75 percent of board meetings. If an individual director fails to attend at least 75 percent of board meetings, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services makes further inquiries to the company regarding the absences. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote against/withhold votes from the director unless the company has provided a reasonable explanation for the absences. International companies tend to have directors who reside in other countries on their boards, making attendance difficult. While Taft-Hartley Advisory Services understands the difficulties imposed on such directors, failing to attend meetings prevents directors from fulfilling their fiduciary obligations and adequately representing shareholder interests. Other business obligations and conflicting travel schedules are not acceptable reasons for consistently poor attendance records. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports the use of teleconferencing and videoconferencing to cope with the increasing time and travel demands faced by directors in global business.

For shareholder nominees, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services places the persuasive burden on the nominee or the proposing shareholder to prove that they are better suited to serve on the board than management’s nominees. Serious consideration of shareholder nominees will be given in cases where there are clear and compelling reasons for the nominee to join the board. These nominees must also demonstrate a clear ability to contribute positively to board deliberations; some nominees may have hidden or narrow agendas and may unnecessarily contribute to divisiveness among directors.

In many countries it is customary to elect a single slate of directors. We do not approve of this practice because shareholders may wish to express differing views as to the suitability of the director nominees and should have the ability to cast ballots with respect to individuals rather than the entire slate. Given improving best practice in more sophisticated markets, which are moving away from single slate director election items, we will generally oppose director nominees if their election is not presented to shareholders as an individual item in these markets, and will oppose slate nominees in markets where the practice is prevalent and there are concerns with a particular director nominee up for election.

In recent years, the concept that directors should not serve on an excessive number of boards has gained more support as a legitimate governance concern. A common view among many investors is that a director will not be an effective monitor on any board if he/she serves on numerous boards. In markets where disclosure is sufficient (such as detailed director biographies which include information on the director’s role on the board and

 

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other external appointments both in the local market and abroad), and markets permit individual election of directors, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote against a candidate when he/she holds an excessive number of board appointments. Executive directors are expected not to hold other executive or chairmanship positions. They may, however, hold up to two other non-executive directorships. Chairmen are expected not to hold other executive positions or more than one other chairmanship position. They may, however, hold up to three other non-executive directorships. NEDs who do not hold executive or chairmanship positions may hold up to four other non-executive directorships. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will take into account board positions held in global publicly-listed companies. An adverse vote will not be applied to a director within a company where he/she serves as CEO or chair; instead, any negative votes will be applied to his/her additional seats on other company boards.

Director accountability and competence have become issues of prime importance given the failings in oversight exposed by the global financial crisis. There is also concern over the environment in the boardrooms of certain markets, where past failures appear to be no impediment to continued or new appointments at major companies and may not be part of the evaluation process at companies in considering whether an individual is, or continues to be, fit for the role and best able to serve shareholders’ interests. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will consider a potential negative vote at the board, committee, or individual level, if a director has had significant involvement with a failed company, or has in the past appeared not to have acted in the best interests of all shareholders, and/or where substantial doubts have been raised about a director’s ability to serve as an effective monitor of management and in shareholders’ best interests including consideration of past performance on other boards.

CONTESTED DIRECTOR ELECTIONS

For contested elections of directors (e.g. the election of shareholder nominees or the dismissal of incumbent directors) Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering the factors below in determining which directors are best suited to add value for shareholders:

 

   

Company performance relative to its peers;

 

   

Strategy of the incumbents versus the dissidents;

 

   

Independence of directors/nominees;

 

   

Experience and skills of board candidates and their ability to contribute positively to board deliberations and overall board performance;

 

   

Governance profile of the company;

 

   

Evidence of management entrenchment;

 

   

Responsiveness to shareholders;

 

   

Whether a takeover offer has been rebuffed;

 

   

Whether minority or majority representation is being sought.

When analyzing a contested election of directors, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services generally focuses on two central questions: (1) Have the dissidents proved that board change is warranted? And (2) if so, are the dissident board nominees likely to effect positive change? (i.e., maximize long-term shareholder value)

Discussion

Once fairly infrequent, contested elections, (also referred to as proxy contests) have become increasingly common in recent years as large shareholders, frustrated by poor returns and unresponsive boards, have sought to challenge the status quo. Even when dissidents do not achieve board seats, studies indicate that at least some of their objectives are often achieved because the response to a proxy contest, or one that was narrowly averted,

 

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usually includes new strategic initiatives, a restructuring program, governance changes, or selected management changes. Based on these considerations, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ framework for the evaluation of contested elections has the ultimate the goal of increasing long-term value for shareholders.

DIRECTOR FEES

Vote FOR proposals to award director fees unless the amounts are excessive relative to other companies in the country or industry.

Vote AGAINST proposals to introduce retirement benefits for nonexecutive directors.

Vote non-executive director compensation proposals that include both cash and share-based components on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote proposals that bundle compensation for both non-executive and executive directors into a single resolution on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Director fees in most countries are not controversial. Fees for nonexecutive directors have been rising in recent years, as such directors around the world are being asked to take on more responsibility for company affairs. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services generally supports increases in director fees unless they are excessive relative to fees paid by other companies in the same country or industry. The primary focus of Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ evaluation is on fees paid to nonexecutive directors or fees paid to all directors, separate from the salaries of executive directors. In many countries, only an aggregate amount payable to nonexecutives or to all directors is disclosed.

Retirement benefits for nonexecutive directors are inappropriate, as they increase the directors’ financial reliance on the company and could call into question the objectivity of their decision-making. In addition, most directors have served as senior executives of other companies, and adequate retirement benefits should be provided through these companies. The only caveat to this policy would be for professional nonexecutive directors such as those found in the United Kingdom. However, requests for such benefits in the United Kingdom are rare, and the appropriateness of using shareholder funds in this manner is questionable.

DISCHARGE OF BOARD AND MANAGEMENT

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the discharge of the board and management:

Vote AGAINST the discharge of directors, including members of the management board and/or supervisory board, if there is reliable information about significant and compelling controversies that the board is not fulfilling its fiduciary duties warranted by:

 

   

A lack of oversight or actions by board members which invoke shareholder distrust related to malfeasance or poor supervision, such as operating in private or company interest rather than in shareholder interest; or

 

   

Any legal issues (e.g. civil/criminal) aiming to hold the board responsible for breach of trust in the past or related to currently alleged actions yet to be confirmed (and not only the fiscal year in question), such as price fixing, insider trading, bribery, fraud, and other illegal actions; or

 

   

Other egregious governance issues where shareholders will bring legal action against the company or its directors.

 

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For markets which do not routinely request discharge resolutions (e.g. common law countries or markets where discharge is not mandatory), Taft-Hartley Advisory Services may express its concern with the board in other appropriate agenda items, such as approval of the annual accounts or other relevant resolutions to express discontent with the board.

Discussion

The annual formal discharge of board and management represents shareholder approval of actions taken during the year. Discharge is a tacit vote of confidence in the company’s management and policies. It does not necessarily eliminate the possibility of future shareholder action, although it does make such action more difficult to pursue. Meeting agendas normally list proposals to discharge both the board and management as one agenda item.

This is a routine item in many countries, and discharge is generally granted unless a shareholder states a specific reason for withholding discharge and plans to undertake legal action. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will withhold discharge when there are serious questions about actions of the board or management for the year in question or legal action is being taken against the board by other shareholders. Withholding discharge is a serious matter and is advisable only when a shareholder has concrete evidence of negligence or abuse on the part of the board or management, has plans to take legal action, or has knowledge of other shareholders’ plans to take legal action.

If evidence suggests that one or more board or management members are responsible for problems such as fraud or grave mismanagement, shareholders can withhold discharge from these individuals and pursue further legal action. Poor performance that can be directly linked to flagrant error or neglect on the part of the board or management, or board actions that are detrimental to shareholders’ interests, may also constitute grounds for voting against discharge.

If shareholders approve discharge of the board and management, they may face a greater challenge if they subsequently decide to pursue legal action against these parties. Shareholders would be required to prove that management or the board did not supply correct and complete information regarding the matter in question.

DIRECTOR AND OFFICER LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION, AND AUDITOR INDEMNIFICATION

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, proposals seeking indemnification and liability protection for directors and officers.

Vote AGAINST proposals to indemnify auditors.

Discussion

Management proposals typically seek shareholder approval to adopt an amendment to the company’s charter to eliminate or limit the personal liability of directors to the company and its shareholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty to the fullest extent permitted by law. In contrast, shareholder proposals seek to provide for personal monetary liability for fiduciary breaches arising from gross negligence. While Taft-Hartley Advisory Services recognizes that a company may have a more difficult time attracting and retaining directors if they are subject to personal monetary liability, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes the great responsibility and authority of directors justifies holding them accountable for their actions. Each proposal addressing director liability will be evaluated consistent with this philosophy. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services may support these proposals when the company persuasively argues that such action is necessary to attract and retain directors, but Taft-Hartley Advisory Services may often oppose management proposals and support shareholder proposals in light of our philosophy of promoting director accountability.

 

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Specifically, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will oppose management proposals that limit a director’s liability for (i) a breach of the duty of loyalty, (ii) acts or omissions not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct or knowing violations of the law, (iii) acts involving the unlawful purchases or redemptions of stock, (iv) the payment of unlawful dividends, or (v) the receipt of improper personal benefits. In addition, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will generally oppose proposals to reduce or eliminate directors’ personal liability when litigation is pending against current board members.

By indemnifying its directors and officers, a company promises to reimburse them for certain legal expenses, damages, and judgments incurred as a result of lawsuits relating to their corporate actions, thereby effectively becoming the insurer for its officers and directors (the company usually purchases insurance to cover its own risk). Proposals to indemnify a company’s directors differ from those to eliminate or reduce their liability because with indemnification directors may still be liable for an act or omission, but the company will bear the expense.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote in favor of indemnification proposals that contain provisions limiting such insurance to acts carried out on behalf of the company. The directors covered under the indemnification must be acting in good faith on company business and must be found innocent of any civil or criminal charges for duties performed on behalf of the company. Additionally, the company may persuasively argue that such action is necessary to attract and retain directors, but we will oppose indemnification when it is being proposed to insulate directors from actions they have already taken.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services opposes providing indemnity insurance to auditors. These payments call into question the objectivity of the auditor in carrying out the audit, as the fees paid on its behalf could be greater than the audit fees alone. Eliminating concerns about being sued for carelessness could also lead to a decrease in the quality of the audit. Given the substantial settlements against auditors in recent years for poor audit practices, the cost of such insurance to the company and its shareholders is unwarranted.

BOARD STRUCTURE

Vote FOR proposals to fix board size.

Vote AGAINST the introduction of classified boards and mandatory retirement ages for directors.

Vote AGAINST proposals to alter board structure or size in the context of a fight for control of the company or the board.

Discussion

Resolutions relating to board structures range from fixing the number of directors or establishing a minimum or maximum number of directors to introducing classified boards and director term limits.

Board Size

Proposals to fix board size are common and are routinely approved. Proposals to establish a range of board size are also frequent; a range of two or three open slots relative to the existing board size is reasonable, as it gives the company some flexibility to attract potentially valuable board members during the year. Latitude beyond this range is inappropriate, however, because companies can use this freedom to hinder unwanted influence from potential acquirers or large shareholders.

Adopt Classified Board

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services prefers that all directors stand for reelection every year. All directors should be accountable to shareholders on an annual basis, as the ability to elect directors is the single most important use of the shareholder franchise.

 

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While classified boards are the norm in most countries, some companies have chosen to place their directors up for annual election. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports initiatives to declassify boards and opposes proposals to classify previously unstaggered boards. Classifying the board makes it more difficult to effect a change of control through a proxy contest; because only a minority of the directors are elected each year, a dissident shareholder would be unable to win control of the board in a single election.

Introduction of Mandatory Age of Retirement

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes that age should not be the sole factor in determining a director’s value to a company. Rather, each director’s performance should be evaluated on the basis of their individual contribution and experience.

Altering Board Size

Companies may attempt to increase board size in order to add related or like-minded directors to the board. Conversely, establishing a minimum number of directors could make it easier to remove independent directors from the board. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services considers these proposals on a case-by-case basis.

All proposals to alter board size during a proxy fight or other possible contests for control should be opposed. Allowing directors to alter the terms of a contest while it is underway is not in shareholders’ interests, as this tactic could be used to thwart a takeover that is in shareholders’ interests.

CAPITAL SYSTEMS

Companies have one of two main types of capital systems: authorized and conditional. Both systems provide companies with the means to finance business activities, but they are considerably different in structure. Which system is used by a company is determined by the economic and legal structure of the market in which it operates.

Authorized Capital System

The authorized capital system sets a limit in a company’s articles on the total number of shares that can be issued by the company’s board. The system allows companies to issue shares from this preapproved limit, although in many markets shareholder approval must be obtained prior to an issuance. Companies also request shareholder approval for increases in authorization when the amount of shares contained in the articles is inadequate for issuance authorities. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services reviews proposals for such increases based on the following criteria: the history of issuance requests; the size of the request; the purpose of the issuance (general or specific) associated with the increase in authorization; and the status of preemptive rights (see pol.19 and pol.21).

Conditional Capital System

Under the conditional capital system, companies seek authorizations for pools of capital with fixed periods of availability. For example, if a company seeks to establish a pool of capital for general issuance purposes, it requests the creation of a certain number of shares with or without preemptive rights, issuable piecemeal at the discretion of the board for a fixed period of time. Shares unissued after the fixed time period lapse. This type of authority would be used to carry out a general rights issue or small issuances without preemptive rights.

Requests for a specific issuance authority are tied to a specific transaction or purpose, such as an acquisition or the servicing of convertible securities. Such authorities cannot be used for any purpose other than that specified in the authorization. In this case, a company requests the creation of a certain number of shares with or without preemptive rights, issuable as needed for the specific purpose requested. This pool of conditional capital also carries a fixed expiration date.

 

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In reviewing these proposals, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services takes into consideration the existence of pools of capital from previous years. Because most capital authorizations are for several years, new requests may be made on top of the existing pool of capital. While most requests contain a provision to eliminate earlier pools and replace them with the current request, this is not always the case. Thus, if existing pools of capital are being left in place, the aggregate potential dilution amount from all capital should be considered.

SHARE ISSUANCE REQUESTS

Vote FOR general issuance requests with preemptive rights up to 50 percent of issued capital;

Vote FOR general issuance requests without preemptive rights up to 10 percent of issue capital; and

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis specific issuance requests with or without preemptive rights up to any amount depending on the purpose for the issuance.

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis those issuance requests that exceed one-year periods.

General Issuances

General issuance requests under both authorized and conditional capital systems allow companies to issue shares to raise funds for general financing purposes. Approval of such requests gives companies sufficient flexibility to carry out ordinary business activities without having to bear the expense of calling shareholder meetings for every issuance.

Issuances can be carried out with or without preemptive rights. Preemptive rights permit shareholders to share proportionately in any new issuances of stock. These rights guarantee existing shareholders the first opportunity to purchase shares of new issuances of stock in the class they own in an amount equal to the percentage of the class they already own. Corporate law in many countries recognizes preemptive rights and requires shareholder approval for the disapplication of such rights.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes that the ability to increase share capital by 50 percent through a rights issue (with preemptive rights) provides the company with sufficient financing to meet most contingencies. Rights issues for general capital needs of less than 50 percent of outstanding capital warrant shareholder approval. Issuance authorities of more than 50 percent can lead to excessive cash calls on shareholders, requiring them to provide the funds necessary to maintain their relative positions in the company or to accept substantial dilution.

In some cases, companies may need the ability to raise funds for routine business contingencies without the expense of carrying out a rights issue. Such contingencies could include the servicing of option plans, small acquisitions, or payment for services. When companies make issuance requests without preemptive rights, shareholders suffer dilution as a result of such issuances. Therefore, authorizations should be limited to a fixed number of shares or a percentage of capital at the time of issuance. While conventions regarding this type of authority vary widely among countries, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services routinely approves issuance requests without preemptive rights for up to ten percent of a company’s outstanding capital.

In certain markets, issuance requests are made for several years. This is often the case in France, Germany and Spain. In these situations, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will consider the per annum dilution equivalent as well as consider whether or not the authority can be renewed before the lapse of the specified period. Whenever possible, we will monitor actual share issuances to assure that the company is not abusing the privilege.

Specific Issuances

Specific issuance requests should be judged on their individual merits. For example, a company may request the issuance of shares for an acquisition in the form of a rights issue to raise funds for a cash payment, or else a

 

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company could request an issuance without preemptive rights for use in a share-based acquisition or issuance to a third party. Such a request could be of any size, and Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will generally support the request as long as the proposal is sound. A more routine request would be an authority to issue shares without preemptive rights for issuance as needed upon conversion of convertible securities or to service a share option plan. These shares can only be used for the purpose defined in the resolution.

INCREASES IN AUTHORIZED CAPITAL

Vote FOR nonspecific proposals to increase authorized capital up to 50 percent over the current authorization.

Vote FOR specific proposals to increase authorized capital to any amount unless the specific purpose of the increase (such as a share-based acquisition or merger) does not meet Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ guidelines for the purpose being proposed.

Vote AGAINST proposals to adopt unlimited capital authorizations.

Discussion

Increases in authorized capital are requested both for general financing flexibility and to provide for a specific purpose. Companies need an adequate buffer of unissued capital in order to take advantage of opportunities during the year, and thus they often request increases in authorized capital for no specific purpose other than to retain this flexibility. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes that approving such requests is reasonable.

An increase of 50 percent over the existing authorization gives the company sufficient flexibility in any given year but also limits the company’s ability to abuse this privilege. If a company wishes to issue shares for any unforeseen reason during the year that would double (or possibly triple) outstanding share capital, an EGM to seek shareholder approval is justified.

Another important consideration is the status of preemptive rights. Not all countries recognize shareholders’ preemptive rights, and excessive authorizations could lead to substantial dilution for existing shareholders. When preemptive rights are not guaranteed, companies do not need shareholder approval for share issuances as long as the issuance does not result in an increase above the authorized capital limit.

For specific requests, increases in capital up to any size may be justified if the purpose of the new authorization is in shareholders’ interests. Such increases may be needed to fund a variety of corporate activities, and thus each proposal must be reviewed on its individual merits.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote against proposals seeking to increase authorized capital to an unlimited number of shares. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services does not believe that companies need unlimited financial flexibility to transact ordinary business because such an arrangement precludes management from periodically consulting shareholders for new capital. Unlimited authorizations may also be used as antitakeover devices, and they have the potential for substantial voting and earnings dilution. As such, they are not in shareholders’ best interests.

REDUCTION OF CAPITAL

Vote FOR proposals to reduce capital unless the terms are unfavorable to shareholders.

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis proposals to reduce capital in connection with corporate restructurings.

 

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Discussion

Proposals to reduce capital are usually the result of a significant corporate restructuring in the face of bankruptcy. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services generally supports such proposals because opposition could lead to insolvency, which is not in shareholders’ interests. Evaluation of this type of proposal should take a realistic approach to the company’s situation.

CAPITAL STRUCTURES

Vote FOR resolutions that seek to maintain or convert to a one share, one vote capital structure.

Vote AGAINST requests for the creation or continuation of dual class capital structures or the creation of new or additional super-voting shares.

Discussion

A key decision for any business is determining its capital structure. When timed correctly, sophisticated capital management — finding the right mix of equity, long-term debt, and short-term financing — can enhance shareholder returns. This process involves coordination of important issues, including dividend policy, tax and interest rates, types of assets, opportunities for growth, ability to finance new projects internally, and cost of obtaining additional capital.

These decisions are best left to a company’s board and senior management, who should be given the latitude to determine the company’s capital structure. However, shareholders should be aware that many financing decisions could have an adverse effect on shareholder returns. For example, additional equity financing may reduce an existing shareholder’s ownership interest and can dilute the value of the investment. Some capital requests can be used as takeover defenses; in response to this situation, company laws establish limits on management’s authority to issue new capital and often require shareholder approval for significant changes in management’s existing authorizations.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports a one share, one vote policy and opposes mechanisms that skew voting rights. Shareholders’ voting rights should accrue in accordance with their equity capital commitment to the company. Dual class capital structures entrench certain shareholders and management, insulating them from possible takeovers or other external influence or action. The interests of parties with voting control may not be the same as those of shareholders constituting a majority of the company’s capital. Additionally, research and market experience have shown that companies with dual class capital structures or other antitakeover mechanisms consistently trade at a discount to similar companies without such structures.

When companies with dual class capital structures seek shareholder approval for the creation of new shares, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services opposes the creation of additional super-voting shares because this perpetuates the dual class structure. If companies are seeking to increase ordinary or subordinate share capital, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services reviews such requests on a case-by-case basis. If the shares are needed for a specific purpose, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will approve as long as the proposal meets the issuance guidelines for specific requests. Refusing such requests could cause an immediate loss of shareholder value by not allowing the company to carry out its ordinary business. However, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services opposes general share creation requests on the grounds that they would perpetuate unequal voting structures. If shareholders routinely approve the creation of ordinary or subordinate voting shares, the company has no incentive to reform its capital structure. By not approving such requests, shareholders can send a signal of dissatisfaction to management.

PREFERRED STOCK

Vote FOR the creation of a new class of preferred stock or for issuances of preferred stock up to 50 percent of issued capital unless the terms of the preferred stock would adversely affect the rights of existing shareholders.

 

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Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible preferred stock as long as the maximum number of common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets Taft-Hartley Advisory Services guidelines on equity issuance requests.

Vote AGAINST the creation of blank check preferred stock unless the board expressly states that the authorization will not be used as a takeover defense.

Vote proposals to increase blank check preferred authorizations on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote AGAINST the creation of a new class of preference shares that would carry superior voting rights to the common shares.

Discussion

Preferred stock (also known as preference shares) is an equity security, but it has certain features that liken it to debt instruments, such as fixed dividend payments, seniority of claims relative to regular common stock, and (in most cases) no voting rights except on matters that affect the seniority of preferred stock as a class. Preferred stock usually ranks senior to a company’s ordinary shares with respect to dividends and the distribution of assets or winding down of the company. Companies often request approval for the creation of a new class of preferred stock, the issuance of preferred stock, and the introduction of blank check preferred stock authorization. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services prefers that the terms of preferred stock be set out at the time of the issuance or authorization request.

Preferred stock can be an effective means of raising capital without increasing debt levels, especially if a company has recently concluded a series of acquisitions. In determining the acceptability of proposals relating to preferred stock, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services examines the rights and terms of the proposed shares, including their designation, conditions, restrictions, and limitations. Whether or not the preferred shares carry voting rights is also considered, along with their conversion ratio (if the shares are convertible into common shares). Also important is the company’s justification for issuing or authorizing preferred stock. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports proposals that would not result in excessive dilution or adversely affect the rights of holders of common shares.

BLANK CHECK PREFERRED STOCK

Companies may also seek shareholder approval for blank check preferred stock, which are blanket authorities to issue preferred stock under which the directors are allowed to set the size, terms, and recipient of such shares at the time of issuance. Blank check preferred stock can be used for legitimate corporate purposes such as raising capital or making acquisitions. By not establishing the terms of preferred stock at the time the class of stock is created, companies maintain the flexibility to tailor their preferred stock offerings to prevailing market conditions. However, blank check preferred stock can also be used as an entrenchment device. The ability to issue a block of preferred stock with multiple voting or conversion rights to a friendly investor is a powerful takeover defense. As such, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services does not support the creation of blank check preferred stock unless the board clearly states that the authorization will not be used to thwart a takeover bid.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also considers, on a case-by-case basis, proposals to increase authorizations of blank check preferred stock when shareholders have already approved the class of stock and the company has a history of issuing such stock for legitimate financing purposes. Theoretically, companies with authorized blank check preferred stock can use these shares for antitakeover purposes as long as there are a few shares remaining, as they are free to set voting or conversion terms with each issue. Therefore, an increase in authorization may have little effect on the usage of this stock. In cases where a company has issued preferred stock from its authorization for legitimate financing purposes, there is no reason to object to an increase.

 

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DEBT ISSUANCE REQUESTS

Vote non-convertible debt issuance requests with or without preemptive rights on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote AGAINST the creation or issuance of convertible debt with preemptive rights if the conversion increases the company’s share capital by more than 50 percent over the current outstanding capital.

Vote AGAINST the creation or issuance of convertible debt without preemptive rights if the conversion increases the company’s share capital by more than 10 percent over the current outstanding capital.

Vote FOR proposals to restructure existing debt arrangements unless the terms of the restructuring would adversely affect the rights of shareholders.

Discussion

Debt issuance is a popular financing strategy. Debt instruments are often issued with the right to convert into equity securities. Many companies issue debt denominated in currencies other than their own. Bonds may be issued with or without preemptive rights.

Companies routinely issue bonds directly to shareholders in order to raise funds while enjoying low borrowing costs. Convertible bonds give holders the choice of becoming shareholders, thereby increasing the shareholder base and liquidity of the company’s stock, or selling their newly converted shares on the open market. The issuance of unsecured debt often includes warrants, which are detached at the time of bond issuance. Warrants are usually attached to a debt issuance in order to enhance the marketability of the accompanying fixed income security.

When evaluating a debt issuance request, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services examines the issuing company’s present financial situation. The main factor for analysis is the company’s current debt-to-equity ratio, or gearing level. A high gearing level may incline markets and financial analysts to downgrade the company’s bond rating, increasing its investment risk factor in the process. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services routinely approves of debt issuances for companies when the gearing level is between zero and 50 percent. If the company’s gearing level is higher than 50 percent, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services then factors in other financial statistics, such as the company’s growth over the past five years relative to earnings or market capitalization, recent corporate events that might affect the company’s bottom line (such as the acquisition of a major competitor or the release of a revolutionary product), and the normal debt levels in the company’s industry and country of origin. In the case of convertible bonds, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also takes into consideration the total level of dilution that would result at the time of conversion. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ guidelines for capital increases would then be applied.

PLEDGING OF ASSETS FOR DEBT

Vote proposals to approve the pledging of assets for debt on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

In certain countries, shareholder approval is required when a company needs to secure a debt issuance with its assets. In many cases, this is a routine request and is a formality under the relevant law. When reviewing such proposals, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services takes into account the terms of the proposed debt issuance and the company’s overall debt level. If both of these factors are acceptable, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will support these requests.

INCREASE IN BORROWING POWERS

Vote proposals to approve increases in a company’s borrowing powers on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

 

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Vote AGAINST the removal of a limit on borrowing powers.

Discussion

In some countries, companies are required to seek shareholder approval for increases in their aggregate borrowing power authorities. The aggregate limit on the board’s ability to borrow money is often fixed in a company’s articles, and shareholder approval to change this limit is therefore legally required. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes that a company’s financing needs are best determined by the board, and modest increases in borrowing powers are necessary to allow the company to take advantage of new acquisition opportunities or to complete development and restructuring projects. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ analysis of borrowing power increase requests take into account management’s stated need for the increase, the size of the increase, and the company’s current gearing level. Large increases in borrowing powers can sometimes result in dangerously high debt-to-equity ratios that could harm shareholder value. If an increase is excessive without sufficient justification and if a company already has exceptionally high gearing compared to its industry, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will oppose the request.

SHARE REPURCHASE PLANS

Vote FOR share repurchase programs/market repurchase authorities, unless:

 

   

Maximum volume: 10 percent for market repurchase within any single authority and 10 percent of outstanding shares to be kept in treasury (“on the shelf”);

 

   

Duration does not exceed 18 months;

In addition, vote AGAINST any proposal where:

 

   

The repurchase can be used for takeover defenses;

 

   

There is clear evidence of abuse;

 

   

There is no safeguard against selective buybacks;

 

   

Pricing provisions and safeguards are deemed to be unreasonable in light of market practice.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services may support share repurchase plans in excess of 10 percent volume under exceptional circumstances, such as one-off company specific events (e.g. capital re-structuring). Such proposals will be assessed case-by-case based on merits, which should be clearly disclosed in the annual report, provided that following conditions are met:

 

   

The overall balance of the proposed plan seems to be clearly in shareholder’s interests;

 

   

The plan still respects the 10 percent maximum of shares to be kept in treasury.

For Italy and Germany, vote FOR share-repurchase plans and share reissuance plans that would use call and put options if the following criteria are met:

 

   

The duration of the authorization is limited in time to no more than 18 months;

 

   

The total number of shares covered by the authorization is disclosed;

 

   

The number of shares that would be purchased with call options and/or sold with put options is limited to a maximum of five percent of currently outstanding capital (or half of the total amounts allowed by law in Italy and Germany);

 

   

A financial institution, with experience conducting sophisticated transactions, is indicated as the party responsible for the trading; and

 

   

The company has a clean track record regarding repurchases.

 

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Discussion

Proposals regarding share repurchase plans are routine in most countries, and such plans are usually sufficiently regulated by local laws or listing requirements to protect shareholder interests.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services looks for the following conditions in share repurchase plans: limitations on a company’s ability to use the plan to repurchase shares from third parties at a premium; limitations on the exercise of the authority to thwart takeover threats; and a requirement that repurchases be made at arm’s length through independent third parties and that selective repurchases require shareholder approval.

Some shareholders object to companies repurchasing shares, preferring to see extra cash invested in new businesses or paid out as dividends. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes that when timed correctly, stock repurchases are a legitimate use of corporate funds and can add to long-term shareholder returns.

However, in certain instances, share buybacks are used to fund stock option plans. In these cases, cash is being used to fund stock options plans, which in most cases are a form of management compensation. When possible, we will make efforts to learn whether share repurchase plans are being used to fund stock option plans. In these instances, extra scrutiny will be paid, and a repurchase plan may be opposed.

For markets that either generally do not specify the maximum duration of the authority or seek a duration beyond 18 months that is allowable under market specific legislation, we will assess the company’s historic practice. If there is evidence that a company has sought shareholder approval for the authority to repurchase shares on an annual basis, we will support the proposed authority.

REISSUANCE OF SHARES REPURCHASED

Vote FOR requests to reissue any repurchased shares unless there is clear evidence of abuse of this authority in the past.

Discussion

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services generally believes that properly timed repurchases of company shares can enhance shareholder value and improve general shareholder returns. With good timing and proper safeguards, the same returns and improvements in shareholder value can be generated through the reissuance of the shares repurchased. In most countries, the text of this general mandate provides sufficient shareholder protection to make this item routine. When reviewing such proposals, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services takes into account the country’s legal framework for such reissuances and the company’s history of reissuing shares under the authority.

CAPITALIZATION OF RESERVES FOR BONUS ISSUES/INCREASE IN PAR VALUE

Vote FOR requests to capitalize reserves for bonus issues of shares or to increase par value.

Discussion

Companies routinely carry out bonus issues of shares or increases in par value to existing shareholders, usually through the capitalization of reserves from either the share premium reserve or the retained earnings account. Capitalization of these reserves — transferring them into the share capital account — usually requires shareholder approval. These issuances essentially function as dividends.

When companies increase par value or capitalize reserves and distribute new fully paid shares to shareholders free of charge through a bonus issue, there is no cost to shareholders to maintain their stakes and no risk of dilution. This procedure transfers wealth to shareholders and does not significantly impact share value. The only impact on shareholders is that by increasing the number of shares on issue, the company could increase liquidity, enhance marketability, and ultimately expand its shareholder base.

 

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REORGANIZATIONS/RESTRUCTURINGS

Vote reorganizations and restructurings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Requests to approve corporate reorganizations or restructurings range from the routine shuffling of subsidiaries within a group to major rescue programs for ailing companies. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services usually approves such resolutions unless there are clear conflicts of interest among the various parties, shareholders’ rights are being negatively affected, or certain groups or shareholders appear to be getting a better deal at the expense of general shareholders.

In the case of routine reorganizations of assets or subsidiaries within a group, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ primary focus with the proposed changes is to ensure that shareholder value is being preserved. This includes the effect of the reorganization on the control of group assets, the final ownership structure, the relative voting power of existing shareholders if the share capital is being adjusted, and the expected benefits arising from the changes.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also assesses the proposed restructuring and its impact on job loss with an emphasis on the company’s U.S. operations. In certain circumstances, jobs may be lost due to economic inefficiencies. However, we will not support reorganizations that unnecessarily eradicate employment, harming the beneficiaries, communities, and the company’s economic position.

In the case of a distress restructuring of a company or group, shareholders’ options are far more limited; often, they have no choice but to approve the restructuring or lose everything. In such cases, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services first determines the company’s degree of distress by determining whether or not the company still has a positive net asset value — that is, if realizable assets are greater than liabilities. Although rare, liquidation should be considered an option in these situations.

In most cases, however, the company has a negative asset value, meaning that shareholders would have nothing left after a liquidation. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services seeks to ensure that the degree of dilution proposed is consistent with the claims of outside parties and is commensurate with the relative commitments of other company stakeholders. Existing shareholders usually must accept the transfer of majority control over the company to outside secured creditors. Ultimately, ownership of a small percentage of something is worth more than majority ownership of nothing.

MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS

For every M&A analysis, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services reviews publicly available information as of the date of our analysis and evaluates the merits and drawbacks of the proposed transaction, balancing various and sometimes countervailing factors.

Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following:

 

   

Valuation — Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness opinion may provide an initial starting point for assessing valuation reasonableness, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services places emphasis on the offer premium, market reaction, and strategic rationale;

 

   

Market reaction — How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative market reaction will elicit greater scrutiny on a deal;

 

   

Strategic rationale — Does the deal make sense strategically? From where is the value derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be overly aggressive or optimistic, but reasonably achievable. Management should also have a favorable track record of successful integration of historical acquisitions;

 

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Conflicts of interest — Are insiders benefiting from the transaction disproportionately and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders? We will consider whether any special interests may have influenced these directors and officers to support or recommend the merger;

 

   

Governance — impact of the merger on and shareholder rights. Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than the current governance profiles of the respective parties to the transaction? If the governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden is on the company to prove that other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance;

 

   

The possibility of a high degree of job loss with no reasonable explanation; and

 

   

Any significant reduction in basic labor standards.

Vote AGAINST if the companies do not provide sufficient information upon request to make an informed voting decision.

ABSTAIN if there is insufficient information available to make an informed voting decision.

Discussion

When evaluating the merits of a proposed acquisition, merger, or takeover offer, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services focuses on the financial and corporate governance impact on shareholder value, both in the immediate and long term. The primary concern is to determine whether or not the proposal is beneficial to shareholders’ existing and future earnings stream and to ensure that the impact on voting rights is not disproportionate to that benefit. Generally, we are interested in the long-term shareholder interests as opposed to short-term gains that devalue assets and have a negative impact on workers and communities.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will evaluate proposed mergers by looking at the justification for the merger; whether a reasonable financial arrangement has been proposed and a fairness opinion rendered; and the long-term impact of the business plans of the competing parties. We will assess the impact of the proposed merger on the affected workforce and community. For example, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will assess the proposed merger’s impact on job loss with an emphasis on the company’s U.S. operations. In certain circumstances, jobs may be lost due to economic inefficiencies. However, we will not support mergers that unnecessarily eradicate employment, harming the beneficiaries, and the company’s economic position.

In the case of a cross-border merger, we consider the proposed merger affect on labor standards. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will not support mergers that diminish basic labor standards. The resulting entity should comply with applicable laws and principles protecting employees’ wages, benefits, working conditions, freedom of association, and other rights.

In the case of an acquisition, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services examines the level of voting or earnings dilution and the logic of the proposed purchase if large share issuances are required. The method of financing is also important, as various methods can result in different valuations than originally perceived. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also checks for an independent valuation of the terms, particularly if the target of the acquisition is not a publicly traded entity or asset and precise market valuations are not readily available.

This is important when determining whether or not a specific premium is justified. Control premiums on acquisitions vary widely depending on the industry, the time period, and the country. During the late 1980s in the United States, control premiums of up to 70 percent in certain sectors were considered reasonable. Broad averages over time indicate that premiums in the range of 20 percent to 30 percent are normal, but this must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. For publicly traded entities or assets, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services looks at the price of the acquisition relative to the average market price prior to any announcement, as well as the historical price trends for 60 days prior. For non-publicly traded entities or assets, an independent financial evaluation becomes even more important.

 

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In the case of mergers, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services examines whether or not the merger makes commercial or strategic sense for the company. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also considers the method of effecting the merger and the ultimate impact on shareholders of the proposed financial and corporate governance structure. While historical relative valuations based on market prices are useful in the financial evaluation process, the often-complicated financial details of such proposals make an independent fairness opinion of extreme importance. The proposed board structure, share capital structure, and relative share ownership of the new company are all important factors for consideration in this evaluation process.

If the details of a given proposal are unclear or not available and a fairness opinion is also not available, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will either abstain on or vote against the proposal. Abstention would most likely be the result of a lack of information about the proposal. If a company is uncooperative in providing information about the proposal or is evasive when responding to questions, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote against it.

REINCORPORATION PROPOSALS

Vote reincorporation proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Discussion

Reincorporation proposals are most commonly seen in Canada, where companies may register under one of the provincial business statutes. However, companies in other countries may also seek shareholder approval to reincorporate in a U.S. state or another country. Many companies, including U.S. companies, choose to reincorporate in places such as Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, or the British Virgin Islands for tax purposes.

When examining a reincorporation proposal, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services first examines the reasons for the move. Sometimes a reincorporation proposal is part of a restructuring effort or merger agreement that contributes significantly to a company’s growth, financial health, and competitive position more than the anticipated negative consequences of incorporating in another province or country. Some reincorporations allow firms to realize lower taxes or incorporation fees. In addition, there may be advantages to incorporating in the province in which the company conducts the bulk of its business.

Companies often adopt a new charter or bylaws with increased protection for management upon reincorporation. For instance, many reincorporation proposals are bundled with the ratification of a new charter that increases the company’s capital stock or imposes a classified board. When such changes to the charter include the addition of negative corporate governance provisions, the impact of these new provisions on shareholders must be balanced against the anticipated benefits of the reincorporation.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes that reincorporations to countries, states, or provinces with less stringent disclosure requirements or corporate governance provisions are often management attempts to lessen accountability to shareholders. In such cases, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote AGAINST the proposal. The expenses involved in a change of domicile relating to legal and administrative fees, plus the greater entrenchment such a reincorporation could provide management, would likely harm shareholders’ interests. In cases where companies propose to move to a more protective province or country and supply reasonable financial reasons for doing so, the benefits of the reincorporation must be weighed against the costs of possible management entrenchment.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also considers the reincorporation’s impact on the employment environment. We do not support reincorporations to new jurisdictions that diminish basic labor rights and standards.

 

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EXPANSION OF BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

Vote FOR resolutions to expand business activities unless the new business takes the company into risky areas.

Discussion

Companies are usually required by law to include in their articles of association or memorandum of association specific business purposes in the form of an objects clause. Because most countries require shareholder approval before articles can be amended, any change to the company’s objects clause requires shareholder approval. Countries often seek shareholder approval to amend the objects clause to expand business lines.

Expanding business lines is a decision usually best left to management, but there are some instances where Taft-Hartley Advisory Services withholds support for such changes. If a company has performed poorly for several years and seeks business expansion into a risky enterprise, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services would require further clarification from management regarding the purpose of the expansion. If the company does not provide a satisfactory business plan, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will not support the proposal. Furthermore, if the company does not adhere to basic labor principles or codes of conduct in the expansion of its business, then Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will not support the proposal. For example, the expansion must comply with applicable laws and regulations, provide legitimate policies regarding workplace health and safety, and recognize basic labor rights. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes that these policies and practices affect long-term corporate performance and increase shareholder value.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, resolutions that seek shareholder approval on related party transactions considering factors including, but not limited to, the following:

 

   

The parties on either side of the transaction;

 

   

The nature of the asset to be transferred/service to be provided; the pricing of the transaction (and any associated professional valuation);

 

   

The views of independent directors (where provided);

 

   

The views of an independent financial adviser (where appointed);

 

   

Whether any entities party to the transaction (including advisers) is conflicted; and

 

   

The stated rationale for the transaction, including discussions of timing.

If there is a transaction that RMG deemed problematic and that was not put to a shareholder vote, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services may vote against the election of the director involved in the related-party transaction or the full board.

Vote AGAINST related party transactions when details of a particular arrangement are not available.

Discussion

Shareholders are often asked to approve commercial transactions between related parties. A transaction between a parent company and its subsidiary, or a company’s dealings with entities that employ the company’s directors, are usually classified as related party transactions and are subject to company law or stock exchange listing requirements that mandate shareholder approval. Shareholder approval of these transactions is meant to protect shareholders against insider trading abuses.

 

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In most cases, both the rationale and terms of such transactions are reasonable. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services looks for evidence of an evaluation of the transaction by an independent body, but this is not always available. Unless the agreement requests a strategic move outside the company’s charter or contains unfavorable terms, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will support the proposal. However, in many countries, detailed information about related-party transactions is not available. In some cases, no information is available. When sufficient information is not available, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote AGAINST the arrangement.

COMPENSATION PLANS

Vote AGAINST a company’s compensation-related proposal due to one or a combination of several of the following factors:

 

   

The proposed compensation policy/report was not made available to shareholders in a timely manner;

 

   

The level of disclosure of the proposed compensation policy is below what local market best practice standards dictate;

 

   

Concerns exist with respect to the disclosure or structure of the bonus or other aspects of the remuneration policy such as pensions, severance terms, and discretionary payments;

 

   

Concerns exist surrounding the company”s long-term incentive plan(s), including but not limited to, dilution, vesting period, and performance conditions; Excessive severance arrangements/payments;

 

   

Provision of stock option grants, or similarly structured equity-based compensation, to non-executive directors; and/or

 

   

Where boards have, otherwise, failed to demonstrate good stewardship of investors’ interests regarding executive compensation practices.

Vote AGAINST other appropriate resolutions as a measure of discontent against egregious remuneration practices (as a result of one or a combination of several factors highlighted above) or where a company has not followed market practice by submitting a resolution on executive compensation.

A negative vote could be applied to any of the following resolutions on a case-by case basis:

 

   

The (re)election of members of the remuneration committee;

 

   

The discharge of directors; or

 

   

The annual report and accounts.

Failure to propose a resolution on executive compensation to shareholders in a market where this is routine practice may, by itself, lead to one of the above adverse votes regardless of the companies’ remuneration practices.

Management Proposals Seeking Shareholder Approval of the Company’s Compensation Policy (Say on Pay)

Vote on a CASE-By-CASE basis, management proposals seeking ratification of a company’s compensation policy.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes that seeking annual shareholder approval of a company’s compensation policy is a positive corporate governance provision, and considers the following compensation best practices in evaluating shareholder votes on corporate compensation practices:

 

   

Appropriate pay-for-performance alignment with emphasis on long-term shareholder value.

 

   

Avoidance of arrangements that risk “pay for failure”.

 

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Independent and effective compensation committees.

 

   

Provision of clear and comprehensive compensation disclosures to shareholders.

 

   

Avoidance of inappropriate pay to non-executive directors.

Non-Executive Director Compensation

Vote FOR proposals to award cash fees to non-executive directors unless the amounts are excessive relative to other companies in the country or industry.

Vote on non-executive director compensation proposals that include both cash and share-based components on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote on proposals that bundle compensation for both non-executive and executive directors into a single resolution on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote AGAINST proposals to introduce retirement benefits for non-executive directors.

Vote AGAINST non-executive director remuneration if documents (general meeting documents, annual report) provided prior to the general meeting do not mention fees paid to non-executive directors.

Vote AGAINST non-executive director remuneration if the company intends to excessively increase the fees in comparison with market/sector practices, without stating compelling reasons that justify the increase.

Vote AGAINST proposals that provide for the granting of stock options, or similarly structured equity-based compensation, to non-executive directors.

Discussion

The recent financial crisis has shown that poor remuneration systems can lead to the inefficient allocation of company resources and can incentivize behavior that is detrimental to long-term shareholder interests. More than ever, shareholders have become concerned with how companies compensate their executives. Scrutiny has been applied to ascertain whether executive pay is appropriate for a company’s size, market, and industry, and whether remuneration structures sufficiently incentivize long-term share value growth and avoid “pay for failure”. In response to this growing trend, many legislatures/regulators have taken steps to strengthen shareholders’ role in the determination of remuneration practices by increasing companies’ disclosure requirements with respect to compensation practices as well as by recommending (or requiring) that companies provide voting resolutions on remuneration practices at their annual shareholder meetings.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports plans that motivate participants to focus on maximizing long-term shareholder value and returns, encourage employee stock ownership, and more closely align employee interests with those of shareholders. However, we recognize that in many markets, the degree of information available to evaluate compensation proposals is usually limited in detail. For this reason, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services applies its compensation policies and methodology to the extent that market disclosure practices allow.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services reviews three main types of compensation plans: stock option plans, incentive plans, and share purchase plans. Also included in this section are grants outside of plans.

Stock Option Plans

Stock option plans grant participants an option to buy company shares at a set price (the exercise price). Shares are usually granted at market prices and may be exercised when the company’s share price reaches the exercise price. Participants may then purchase the promised shares at the strike price and may later sell the shares

 

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after their purchase (or after a defined holding period when the shares may not be sold). Among the criteria that Taft-Hartley Advisory Services examines in evaluating stock option plans are the following, generally organized from criteria of greater importance to criteria of lesser importance:

Shares Reserved for Issuance of Options Under the Plan

The maximum number of shares Taft-Hartley Advisory Services approves under a plan depends on the classification of a company’s stage of development as growth or mature. Growth companies are usually smaller, in new industries requiring significant research and development, and have restricted cash flows. A company in an established industry but expanding rapidly, or a mature company that is experiencing an extended period of rapid expansion, may also be classified as growth. Mature companies are characterized by stable sales and revenue growth, production efficiencies resulting from volume gains, and strong cash flow resulting from developed products in the payoff stage.

For mature companies, shares available under stock option plans should be no more than five percent of the issued capital at the time of approval under all plans. For growth companies, shares available should be no more than ten percent of the issued capital at the time of approval under all plans (and five percent under the proposed plan.) For all companies, an absolute number of shares fixed at the time of approval is ideal, but many countries do not include such a limit. In these cases, revolving limits (a certain percentage of issued shares at any one time) of five or ten percent are common. The practice of setting a percentage of shares issuable over a certain number of years before or after the plan is adopted appears to be a compromise between these first two methods. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services prefers plans where the limits are sufficiently spread out, e.g., five percent in five years, ten percent in ten years.

Exercise Price

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services prefers that options be priced at 100 percent of the shares’ fair market value on the date of grant. Usually this is taken as the closing price of the company’s shares on the day prior to the date of grant. Some countries determine fair market value as an average of the trading price for the five days prior to the date of grant. This is a common and acceptable practice. Some emerging market countries use a 30-day average or longer to determine fair market value; these resolutions must be reviewed on a case-by-case basis, although provisions of longer than 30 days increase the possibility of discounted options.

Exercise Price Discounts

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services strongly opposes grants of discounted options to both executive and nonexecutive directors. In the absence of vesting periods or performance criteria (see below), discounted option grants to directors amount to a cash bonus at shareholder expense. Under such circumstances, option holders have an incentive to cash in their grants for an immediate return rather than hold on to their options for future gains. This undermines the incentive value underlining these plans. A few countries allow for options to be granted at a discount to market prices. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services approves of discounts up to 20 percent, but only for grants that are a part of a broad-based employee plan, including all nonexecutive employees.

Plan Administration

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services opposes allowing the administering committee to grant options to itself due to the potential for “backscratching” abuse. Administration of plans should be in the hands of directors who are unable to participate in the plan. Plans administered by the full board should not allow voting by executive directors; plans administered by remuneration committees should be composed entirely of independent directors. Plans that allow nonexecutive directors to participate should not give them any discretion on individual grants; instead, an automatic system of grants should be introduced with fixed annual grants at market prices on a fixed date. Alternatively, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services approves of separate nonexecutive director option plans with independent administration.

 

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Eligibility and Participation

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services prefers separate plans for employees, directors, and nonexecutive directors, but most plans include all or some combination of these categories of participants. Other global plans distinguish between full-time and part-time employees or establish a set length of service to the company (usually one year) before options may be granted. Most plans allow the administrating committee to select plan participants.

Performance Criteria and Vesting Provisions

Performance criteria and vesting provisions are important considerations when evaluating a compensation plan, and the existence of long vesting provisions and realistic performance criteria are highly preferred. The ultimate goal of share option plans is to tie executive and employee remuneration to company performance and to give key employees and executives incentive to stay with the firm. Generally in markets where disclosure is an issue, if a plan meets all other aspects of Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ guidelines, these two criteria are not mandatory. However, whenever greater disclosure is the market norm, we will oppose plans that do not include sufficiently challenging performance criteria or carry a minimum three-year vesting period. This information is commonly provided in markets such as the United Kingdom, Canada, The Netherlands and Australia. Finally, any matching shares that are provided by companies should be subject to additional performance conditions.

Retesting of Performance Criteria

Remuneration plans should not allow for the retesting of performance criteria over another time period if these conditions were not met within the initial period. Retesting is destructive to the incentive value of such plans and undermines the worth of performance criteria. Whenever disclosure is sufficient enough to determine if retesting is allowed under a company’s plan, we will take this feature into consideration for our overall evaluation of the plan.

 

Market Specifics:

 

•   In the UK, whether the terms of a compensation plan are to be satisfied by the issuance of new shares or through the use of treasury shares, the maximum commitment of the aggregate awards under all of the company’s plans should not exceed 10% of issued ordinary capital over a rolling 10-year period for broad-based plans. Within these limits, awards for discretionary plans should not exceed 5% for a rolling 10-year period.

 

Other Features Specific to Option Plans

Issue Terms

Some countries require optionees to pay a nominal fee (often equivalent to $0.01) for every option received. This is common and acceptable, although many companies that once enforced this provision are now deleting it from the rules of their plans.

Option Repricing

Some plans include specific provisions allowing for the repricing of options at the board’s discretion. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services opposes plans that include option repricing when the exercise price is reduced in response to a dropping share price. Repricing outstanding options reduces the incentive that options provide to raise the share price for shareholders.

Financial Assistance

Some plans offer participants loans to pay the full exercise price on their options. If loans are part of a company’s option plan, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services prefers that loans be made to employees as part of a

 

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broad-based, company-wide plan to encourage ownership rather than being given only to executive directors. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also prefers loans with interest set at market rates that must be paid back in full over a reasonable length of time. The absence of these features does not necessary warrant a recommendation against an option plan, but they are taken into consideration in Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ analysis of the plan.

Plans for International Employees

Many overseas companies introduce separate plans or delegate a special section of their option plan to deal with tax considerations raised by having a large number of employees working in other countries. Many of these plans contain provisions that deal directly with particular U.S. tax code provisions on stock options. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services applies the same criteria to these plans as to country-specific plans.

Stock Appreciation Rights

Stock appreciation rights (SARs) allow participants to receive the difference between the exercise price and the market price at the date of exercise. Many companies use SARs in lieu of regular options. While SARs do not result in the dilution associated with large option exercises, there is little difference between an SAR and a regular option from a shareholder perspective because the financial cost to the company is the same. However, SARs do not encourage stock ownership by participants because they involve no purchase or sale of company stock. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services reviews SARs in the context of the option plan under which they are issued.

Phantom Stock Option Plans

Phantom stock options offer participants cash bonuses based on the increase in share price during a set period of time. Phantom plans are distinct from SARs in that they often form their own separate plan. Some companies will create a phantom stock option plan to award employees who reside in countries that do not allow stock-based compensation. Participants are designated a set number of hypothetical (phantom) shares, on which the award is based. While Taft-Hartley Advisory Services prefers compensation plans that encourage employee ownership, SARs and phantom options are an effective way to provide incentive.

Super Options

Super options exceed the limits in a particular country for the value of options granted to any one individual, although they are usually tied to significantly more restrictive vesting provisions and performance criteria. U.K. super options, for example, exceed the Association of British Insurers’ recommended limit that options represent no more than four times a participant’s salary, yet the stricter performance criteria and longer vesting periods usually mitigate excessive grants. Additionally, dilution resulting from super options has historically been fairly moderate. Super options appear most often in advanced markets with developed stock option plans.

Restricted Stock

Restricted stock is specifically designated stock offered at a discount to executives, often under U.S. option plans but increasingly among overseas plans as well. Company shares may be granted outright to optionees with no payment required for the receipt of the shares. Such awards can be extremely expensive, as participants exercise awards at fixed prices far below the current market price. If restricted stock is included as part of a stock option plan, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services expects strict limits on the amount of shares that may be issued in this form.

Dividends Under Option and Dividend Equivalent Payment Provisions

Most holders of stock options do not receive dividend payments. However, some option plans allow participants to receive dividends or dividend equivalent payments prior to the exercise of options. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services believes that any economic benefit derived from option plans should occur at the time of exercise.

 

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Incentive Plans

Share incentive plans tie key employees’ compensation more directly to company performance. Though most popular in the United Kingdom, incentive plans are becoming increasingly popular across the globe. Incentive plans provide participants with free grants of company shares (or, less frequently, cash grants) in proportion with prearranged performance criteria—often earnings per share measured against inflation or total shareholder return. These indicators are frequently compared with those of other firms in the company’s industry or stock market index, creating a benchmark and a further determinant of the number of shares granted to a particular participant. Proponents of incentive plans note that they offer shareholders the potential for less dilution and that they more directly encourage participants to focus on long-term company performance through strict performance criteria tied to more than just share price movements.

Most incentive plans are organized with strict vesting provisions, where participants may not receive the share awards until after a period of three years or more. Many plans also grant a percentage of the total amount reserved for each participant on a sliding scale measured against performance criteria. Performance criteria targets that have been satisfied only to a certain point may represent disbursement of 25 percent of the shares or cash to a participant, while 100-percent satisfaction may represent the full allotment of the grant. From a shareholder perspective, this graduated system of performance criteria is a major advance.

Evaluation of incentive plans is similar to that of option plans in that acceptable dilution and impartial administration and eligibility remain key factors for a positive recommendation. Insufficient performance criteria or abbreviated vesting provisions are deciding factors as well.

Share Purchase Plans

Share purchase plans allow participants to purchase shares in the company, often at a discount to market prices. These plans are often broad-based in nature, as they are usually open to all employees. Other plans operate via monthly deductions from employees’ paychecks, gathered and held for safe keeping by a trust or a bank and used every month or year to purchase company stock.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will approve many of these plans because they encourage wide share ownership in the company among employees. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services generally approves broad-based, employee-directed share purchase plans with discounts up to 20 percent. Dilution, eligibility, and administration are the key factors in determining Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ recommendation

Other Features Specific to Share Purchase Plans

Eligibility

While eligibility under share purchase plans is evaluated similarly to stock option plans, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services affords more flexibility with the terms of broad-based employee purchase plans. The inclusion of permanent part-time employees and employees who have been with the company for less than one year are provisions of employee plans that are routinely approved.

Loan Terms

Some plans offer participants loans to pay for the shares. If loans are part of a share purchase plan, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services prefers that loans be made to employees as part of a broad-based, company-wide plan to encourage ownership rather than being given only to executive directors. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also prefers loans with interest set at market rates that must be paid back in full over a reasonable length of time. The absence of these features does not necessary warrant a recommendation against a share purchase plan, but they are taken into consideration in Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ analysis of the plan.

 

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Grants Outside of Plans

Resolutions asking shareholders to approve specific grants of shares or cash outside of established plans are problematic. Some companies prefer not to adopt formal share plans, instead asking shareholders to approve yearly grants to specific employees. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services prefers that companies make such grants in the context of an established plan.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ primary concern with grants outside of plans is the level of dilution they afford. The number of shares issued as part of the grants, when combined with the number of shares reserved for the company’s other share plans, must fall within acceptable dilution limits. Vesting provisions and performance criteria are also important and are evaluated on the same basis as if the grants were part of a formal plan.

ANTITAKEOVER MECHANISMS

Vote AGAINST all antitakeover proposals unless they are structured in such a way that they give shareholders the ultimate decision on any proposal or offer.

Discussion

Common antitakeover mechanisms include staggered boards, super-voting shares, poison pills, unlimited authorized capital authorizations (including blank check preferred stock), and golden shares. Some of these restrictions are aimed solely at limiting share ownership by foreign or unwanted minority shareholders, and others are designed to preclude an unwanted takeover of the target company by any party. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services opposes all forms of such mechanisms, as they limit shareholder value by eliminating the takeover or control premium for the company. As owners of the company, shareholders should be given the opportunity to decide on the merits of takeover offers.

Renew Partial Takeover Provision (Australia)

Australian law allows companies to introduce into their articles a provision to protect shareholders from partial takeover offers, to be renewed by shareholders every three years. If a partial takeover of the company is announced, directors are required to convene a shareholder meeting at least 15 days before the closing of the offer to seek approval of the offer. If shareholders reject the resolution, the offer is considered withdrawn under company law and the company can refuse to register the shares tendered to the offer. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services approves of consulting shareholders on takeover offers, and this article provides protection for minority shareholders by giving them ultimate decision-making authority based on their own interests, not the interests of directors or outside parties. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports the adoption of this proposal in almost all cases.

Golden Shares

Recently privatized companies across the world often include in their share structure a golden share held by their respective governments. These shares often carry special voting rights or the power of automatic veto over specific proposals. Golden shares are most common among former state-owned companies or politically sensitive industries such as utilities, railways, and airlines. While the introduction of golden shares is not a desirable governance practice, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services recognizes the political importance certain companies hold for governments and treats the introduction or amendment of government shares on a case-by-case basis.

Poison Pills (Canada, Japan)

Otherwise known as shareholder rights plans, poison pills are seen primarily in the Canadian and Japanese markets. Companies generally state that they seek to adopt or renew pills in order to protect shareholders against unfair, abusive, or coercive takeover strategies and to give the target company’s board time to pursue alternatives to a hostile takeover bid. Theoretically, the board will refuse to redeem the pill in the face of an unfair offer in order to force a bidder to negotiate for a better offer, at which point it will redeem the pill.

 

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In accomplishing these goals, however, many rights plans place too much of the decision-making powers in the hands of the board and management and out of the hands of shareholders. However, we note that many Canadian companies have adopted new shareholder rights plans that address the concerns of institutional investors, namely providing for three-year sunset provisions, allowing for partial bids to proceed despite board opposition, and curtailing the overall level of discretion afforded the board in interpreting the pills.

Nonetheless, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services guidelines generally do not support the adoption of poison pills on the grounds that they serve to entrench management. Improperly structured rights plans have been used by boards to ward off offers beneficial to shareholders. Current owners should decide who will own the company, with advice and negotiation from the board and management. When considering the merits of a poison pill, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services also examines what other antitakeover devices the company has and the company’s treatment of shareholders in past situations.

Poison pills often have a sunset provision, which requires shareholder confirmation of the plan. Most pills have either a three-year or a five-year sunset provision, requiring that shareholders confirm the continuation of the plan three or five years from the date of adoption. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services guidelines support a three-year sunset provision, which affords shareholders the ability to reconsider the plan in light of changing market conditions and to review management’s use of the plan. Canadian pills also typically include of a permitted bid clause, under which the takeover bid must be made on equal terms to all holders of the company’s voting shares; the company must extend the expiration of the bid, usually by 45 or 60 days following the date of the bid. Management sets the terms of the permitted bid clause, and therefore it influences the level of protection that will be provided to shareholders.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services determines whether the permitted bid feature offers shareholders adequate powers relative to the board in the event of a bid not being approved by the board. Allowing shareholders the right to override the board as a means of balancing power is crucial, but the specifics of the permitted bid clause are usually insufficient. Under the clause, a shareholder who is not intent on a complete acquisition but merely wishes to purchase a significant stake in the company may trigger the pill. This gives the board power to deny shareholders the benefit of a large semi-controlling shareholder and precludes partial bids that may be in shareholders’ interests. In addition to the sunset provision and the structure of the permitted bid clause, in order to qualify for approval, a shareholder rights plan must satisfy ALL of the following conditions:

 

   

Permitted bid clause structure: a permitted bid clause must allow for partial bids supported by a majority of shareholders to proceed despite board opposition; bid periods should generally not be greater than 60 days; the clause” should not contain a “toehold provision” that would any person who already controls a specified percentage of shares from making a permitted bid;

 

   

Amendments: the ability of the board to amend key terms of the plan without shareholder approval following initial adoption of the plan must be limited to clerical and typographical changes and changes required to maintain the validity of the rights plan;

 

   

Exchange option: a plan must not contain a provision that would enable the board to issue in exchange for the right, with or without further charge, debt or equity securities, other assets of the company, or any combination thereof;

 

   

Definition of Fair Market Value: the board must not have the discretion to interpret the fair market value of the company’s shares if the board determines that the value was adversely affected by the news of an anticipated or actual bid or by other means of manipulation;

 

   

Affiliates and Associates: the board’s discretion to decide which parties are acting in concert to determine the level of beneficial ownership, which could be used to trigger the pill should be limited and well-defined in the text of the plan;

 

   

Mandatory Waiver: if the board waives the triggering of the pill with respect to one bidder, the board must be required to waive the pill in favor of any subsequent bids, preventing the board from favoring one bid over another regardless of shareholder interests.

 

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Since 2006, the vast majority of Japanese poison pills have been so called “advance warning-type” (“advance notice-type”) defense plans. In these cases, the board announces in advance a set of disclosure requirements it expects any bidder to comply with, as well as a waiting period between the submission of this information and the launch of the bid. As long as the bidder complies with these rules, the company “in principle” will take no action to block the bid, but will allow shareholders to decide.

The exceptions are where the bid is judged to be clearly detrimental to shareholders, such as in situations defined by a Japanese court or in a report of the government’s Corporate Value Study Group. These include greenmail, asset stripping and coercive two-tier offers. Usually, such judgments are made by a “special committee” or “independent committee,” but the committee’s decision is usually subject to being overruled by the board. At some companies the decisions are made by the board with no committee input at all. Advance warning-type defenses do not require shareholder approval, although in most cases companies are choosing to put them to a shareholder vote, as it is believed that doing so will put the company in a stronger position in the event of a lawsuit.

Where a company implements an advance warning-type defense without a shareholder vote, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will similarly examine the details of the plan, and where we deem it to be detrimental to shareholder value, we will consider recommending votes against the company’s representative director(s).

Depositary Receipts and Priority Shares (The Netherlands)

Depositary receipts are an especially common antitakeover defense among large Dutch companies. In the event of a hostile takeover bid, ordinary voting shares are first issued to a company-friendly trust or foundation. The trust or foundation in turn issues depositary receipts, similar to banks in the United States issuing ADRs except that the foundation retains the voting rights of the issued security. The depositary receipts carry only the financial rights attached to the shares (i.e., dividends). In this manner, the company gains access to capital while retaining control over voting rights. Nonvoting preference shares can be issued to trusts or foundations in a similar fashion.

Priority shares, established in a company’s articles, may be awarded with certain powers of control over the rest of the company. In practice, priority shares are held by members of the supervisory board, company-friendly trusts or foundations, or other friendly parties. Depending on the articles, priority shareholders may determine the size of the management or supervisory boards or may propose amendments to articles and the dissolution of the company. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote against the introduction of depositary receipts and priority shares.

SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS

Vote all shareholder proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.

Vote FOR proposals that would improve the company’s corporate governance or business profile at a reasonable cost.

Vote AGAINST proposals that limit the company’s business activities or capabilities or result in significant costs being incurred with little or no benefit.

Discussion

Unlike in the United States where shareholders proposals are quite common, they are less common overseas. One market where proposals sponsored by shareholders are more common is the German market. There are two types of such proposals—shareholder proposals and counterproposals. Counterproposals are filed in direct

 

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opposition to proposals put forward by management at a given shareholder meeting. Many shareholder and counterproposals in Germany focus on environmental and labor issues. The number of shareholder proposals is also on the rise in Canada, although the aggregate annual number still pales in comparison to the U.S. In general shareholder proposals seen at global companies cover a wide variety of issues, including fundamental corporate governance topics, social issues, direct action proposals, as well as many unique proposals.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ position on the issues covered in many of these proposals has already been discussed. Generally, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will evaluate shareholder proposals to determine whether they are in the best economic interests of the participants and beneficiaries we represent. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ clients, not Taft-Hartley Advisory Services, choose the companies in which they invest and, ultimately, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services’ responsibility is to protect their economic interests. This does not mean, though, that Taft-Hartley Advisory Services must take a short-term approach when evaluating these proposals. Rather, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will vote in consistency with the economic best interests of the participants and beneficiaries.

In general, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports proposals that request the company to furnish information helpful to shareholders in evaluating the company’s operations. In order to intelligently monitor their investments, shareholders often need information best provided by the company in which they have invested. Requests to report such information merit support. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will evaluate proposals seeking the company to cease taking certain actions that the proponent believes is harmful to society or some segment of society with special attention to the company’s legal and ethical obligations, its ability to remain profitable, and potential negative publicity if the company fails to honor the request.

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services reviews all shareholder proposals to ascertain whether the proposal is beneficial or detrimental to shareholder value. Most resolutions fall into three basic categories: corporate governance, social, and environmental. While shareholder proposals in most countries are not as prevalent as they are in the United States, they are becoming more common, and standards for reviewing the various types of proposals are necessary.

Corporate Governance Proposals

Corporate governance-related proposals must be evaluated carefully because any changes can dramatically affect shareholder value. Support for such proposals must be measured against the likely impact that approval would have on the company’s operations. If a measure would improve disclosure of company activities in nonstrategic areas and at minimal costs, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services supports the proposal. If a proposal seeks to improve the company’s corporate governance structure, such as adopting board committees, eliminating staggered board structures, or canceling antitakeover instruments, approval is also warranted. However, if acceptance of a proposal is likely to lead to a disruption in board or management operations and to cause the company to incur significant costs without clear benefit, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will oppose the proposal.

Social and Environmental Proposals

The voting fiduciary should support social and environmental proposals if they either contribute to the long term interests of plan participants and beneficiaries, or will have no adverse impact on plan participants and beneficiaries.

Global codes of conduct for social, human, and economic standards are an important component in the stability of world economic conditions and in protecting the current lifestyle of plan beneficiaries and participants. Without agreement on international codes, some international companies could pursue a race to the bottom strategy that could ultimately undermine U.S. environmental and economic conditions.

 

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Report on Environmental Policies

These resolutions request the company to disclose its environmental practices. For example, Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will generally support proposals calling for a report on hazardous waste policies and issues regarding Maquiladora factories in Mexico.

Adoption of “CERES Principles”

These resolutions call for the adoption of principles that encourage the company to protect the environment and the safety and health of its employees. Many companies have voluntarily adopted these principles. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will generally support these proposals as they often improve the company’s public image, reduce exposure to liabilities, and establish standards so that environmentally responsible companies and markets are not at a competitive financial disadvantage.

Adoption of “MacBride Principles”

These resolutions call for the adoption of the MacBride Principles for operations located in Northern Ireland. They request companies operating abroad to support the equal employment opportunity policies that apply in facilities they operate domestically. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will support such proposals as an appropriate obligation for the company to undertake.

Contract Supplier Standards

These resolutions call for compliance with governmental mandates and corporate policies regarding nondiscrimination, affirmative action, work place safety and health and other basic labor protections. Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will generally support proposals that:

 

   

seek publication of a “Code of Conduct” to the company’s foreign suppliers and licensees, requiring they satisfy all applicable standards and laws protecting employees’ wages, benefits, working conditions, freedom of association, and other rights.

 

   

request a report summarizing the company’s current practices for enforcement of its Code of Conduct.

 

   

establishes independent monitoring programs in conjunction with local and respected religious and human rights groups to monitor supplier and licensee compliance with the Code of Conduct.

 

   

create incentives to encourage suppliers to raise standards rather than terminate contracts.

 

   

implement policies for ongoing wage adjustments, ensuring adequate purchasing power and a sustainable living wage for employees of foreign suppliers and licensees.

 

   

request public disclosure of contract supplier reviews on a regular basis.

Corporate Conduct and Human Rights

Taft-Hartley Advisory Services will generally support proposals that call for the adoption and/or enforcement of principles or codes relating to countries in which there are systematic violations of human rights; such as the use of slave, child, or prison labor; a government that is illegitimate; or there is a call by human rights advocates, pro-democracy organizations, or legitimately-elected representatives for economic sanctions.

 

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SCHEDULE C

Proxy Vote Override/Decision Form

Portfolio Manager Requesting Override/Making Decision:

 

 

Portfolio Management Product Area (check one):

 

¨ Growth         
¨ Value    ¨ International Equity    ¨ Convertible   
¨ Fixed (High Yield)    ¨ Fixed (High Grade)      

Security Issuer:

 

 

Security’s exchange ticker symbol:

 

 

Cusip #:

 

 

# of Shares held/par amount held:

 

 

Percentage of outstanding shares/par amount held:

 

 

Type of accounts holding security: Mutual Funds (name each fund):                                                                          

Separate Accounts (specify number):                                                                                                            

Other (describe):                                                                                                                                             

Applicable Guidelines (check one):

¨ MacKay Standard (A or B)

¨ Other (specify):

¨ N/A

Shareholder/Bondholder/Lender Meeting Date:

 

 

Response Deadline:

 

 

Brief Description of the Matter to be Voted On:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proposal Type (check one):

¨ Management Proposal

¨ Shareholder Proposal (identify proponent:                                                                                            )

 

Recommended vote by issuer’s management (check one):    ¨ For    ¨ Against    ¨ N/A

 

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Recommended vote by ISS (check one):    ¨ For    ¨ Against
   ¨ Abstain    ¨ N/A
   ¨ No Recommendation   
Portfolio manager recommended vote (check one):    ¨ For    ¨ Against
   ¨ Abstain   

Describe in detail why you believe this override/decision is in the client’s best interest (attach supporting documentation):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Are you aware of any relationship between the issuer, or its officers or directors, and MacKay Shields or any of its affiliates?

¨ No        ¨ Yes (describe below)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Are you aware of any relationship between the issuer, including its officers or directors, and any executive officers of MacKay Shields or any of its affiliates?

¨ No        ¨ Yes (describe below)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Are you aware of any relationship between the proponent of the proxy proposal (if not the issuer) and MacKay Shields or any of its affiliates?

¨ No        ¨ Yes (describe below)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Are you aware of any relationship between the proponent of the proxy proposal (if not the issuer) and any executive officers of MacKay Shields or any of its affiliates?

¨ No        ¨ Yes (describe below)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Has anyone (outside of your portfolio management area) contacted you in an attempt to influence your decision to vote this proxy matter?

¨ No        ¨ Yes

If yes, please describe below who contacted you and on whose behalf, the manner in which you were contacted (such as by phone, by mail, as part of group, individually etc.), the subject matter of the communication and any other relevant information, and attach copies of any written communications.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Are you aware of any facts related to this proxy vote that may present a potential conflict of interest with the interests of the client(s) on whose behalf the proxies are to be voted?

¨ No        ¨ Yes (describe below)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Certification:

The undersigned hereby certifies that to the best of his or her knowledge, the above statements are complete and accurate, and that such override/decision is in the client(s)’ best interests without regard to the interests of MacKay Shields or any related parties.

 

Date:

  

 

Name:

  

 

Title:

  

 

 

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Product Head Concurrence with Override Request/Decision:

 

Date:

  

 

Name:

  

 

Title:

  

 

Legal/Compliance Action:

¨ Override/decision approved

¨ Referred to Compliance Committee for Further Consideration

 

Date:

  

 

Name:

  

 

Title:

  

 

 

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Appendix C—Statement of Additional Information of Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

 

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Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Supplement – June 9, 2010

 

Funds (prospectus and SAI effective date)

  Prospectus Material Number   SAI Material Number

Seligman Common Stock Portfolio (April 30, 2010)

  SL-9921-99 A   N/A

Seligman International Growth Portfolio (April 30, 2010)

  SL-9920-99 A   N/A

Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio (April 30, 2010)

  SL-9919-99 A   N/A

As of the date of this Supplement, the Funds are no longer open to new investors.

The Board of Directors of the Funds has approved the redemption of all outstanding shares of each of the Funds and the liquidation of each of the Funds in accordance with the Funds’ Articles of Incorporation. It is anticipated that the redemption of all shares of each of the Funds will take place on or about August 13, 2010.

As a result, the Funds will not accept any orders for the purchase of or exchange for shares of any of the Funds after the close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4 p.m. Eastern time) on August 12, 2010. Orders for the purchase of or exchange for shares of any of the Funds may, in each Fund’s discretion, be rejected prior to August 12, 2010 due to operational reasons relating to the redemption of all shares of each of the Funds.

Effective May 26, 2010, Scott Schroepfer and Colin J. Lundgren are no longer responsible for the day-to-day management of Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio.

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Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Supplement – June 3, 2010*

 

Fund (SAI date)

   Form #

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Core Equity Fund (4/30/10, amended and restated 5/1/10)

   S-6466-20 AE

RiverSource Variable Portfolio — Dynamic Equity Fund (4/30/10, amended and restated 5/1/10)

   S-6466-20 AE

Seligman Common Stock Portfolio (4/30, amended and restated 5/1/10)

   N/A

Tri-Continental Corporation (5/1/10)

   N/A

Effective July 3, 2010, Gina K. Mourtzinou will no longer be responsible for the day-to-day management of each Fund listed above.

 

 

* Valid until next update.

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Statement of Additional Information (SAI) Supplement – May 1, 2010*

For the SAI dated April 30, 2010, amended and restated May 1, 2010

Seligman Portfolios, Inc.

Seligman Capital Portfolio

Seligman Common Stock Portfolio

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

Seligman International Growth Portfolio

Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

The above-referenced funds are each a “fund” and collectively the “funds.”

On May 1, 2010, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (“Ameriprise Financial”), the parent company of RiverSource Investments, LLC, the funds’ investment manager, announced the closing of its acquisition of the long-term asset management business of Columbia Management Group, LLC and certain of its affiliated companies from Bank of America (the “Columbia Transaction”).

In connection with the Columbia Transaction, effective May 1, 2010, the funds’ investment manager, principal underwriter and transfer agent will change their names to reflect the new, combined business:

 

New Company Name

 

Former Name/Service Provider

 

Services

Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC

  RiverSource Investments, LLC   Investment Management Services

Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc.

  RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.   Distribution Services

Columbia Management Investment Services Corp.

  RiverSource Service Corporation   Transfer Agent Services

In connection with the Columbia Transaction, the Columbia-branded funds (which does not include the Columbia money market funds) are part of a family of funds that includes the RiverSource, Seligman and Threadneedle funds (collectively, the “Fund Family”). Currently, the Columbia-branded funds do not share the same policies and procedures as the other funds in the Fund Family and, except as described below, may not be exchanged for shares of RiverSource, Seligman or Threadneedle funds. Effective May 1, 2010, the Columbia-branded funds may be exchanged for RiverSource Cash Management Fund (Class A, B, C and Z shares). Please see the prospectus for RiverSource Cash Management Fund for more information.

 

 

* Valid until next update


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STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

April 30, 2010, amended and restated May 1, 2010

Seligman Portfolios, Inc. (the “Fund”)

Effective November 7, 2008, RiverSource Investments, LLC (“RiverSource Investments” or “investment manager”), investment manager to the RiverSource Family of Funds, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (“Ameriprise Financial”), completed its acquisition (the “Acquisition”) of J. & W. Seligman & Co. Incorporated (“Seligman”). With the Acquisition completed and shareholders of each of the Portfolios offered herein having previously approved (at a special meeting held on November 3, 2008) a new investment management services agreement (“Management Agreement”) between RiverSource Investments and the Fund (on behalf of each Portfolio), RiverSource Investments is the new investment manager of the Fund (and each of its Portfolios) effective November 7, 2008. Shareholders of Seligman International Growth Portfolio (the “Subadvised Portfolio”) also approved at the November meeting a subadvisory agreement (the “Subadvisory Agreement”) between RiverSource Investments and Wellington Management Company, LLP (“Wellington Management”).

This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) expands upon and supplements the information contained in the Fund’s current Prospectus, dated May 1, 2010, offering Class 1 shares for each of Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Common Stock Portfolio, Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, Seligman International Growth Portfolio, Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio, Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio, three separate Prospectuses, each dated May 1, 2010, also offering Class 1 shares for Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, Seligman Global Technology Portfolio and Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio, and five separate Prospectuses offering Class 2 shares, each dated May 1, 2010, for Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio. Each of the Portfolios named above is referred to as a “Portfolio” and collectively such Portfolios are referred to as the “Portfolios”. This SAI, although not in itself a Prospectus, is incorporated by reference into each of the Portfolio’s Prospectuses in its entirety. It should be read in conjunction with each of the Portfolio’s Prospectuses, which you may obtain by writing or calling the Fund at the above address or telephone numbers, respectively.

Each fund’s financial statements for its most recent fiscal period are contained in the fund’s annual or semiannual report to shareholders. The Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s Report and the Financial Statements, including Notes to the Financial Statements and the Schedule of Investments in Securities and any applicable Schedule of Affiliated Funds, contained in the Annual Report, are incorporated in this SAI by reference. No other portion of the Annual Report is incorporated by reference. For a free copy of a fund prospectus, annual or semiannual report, contact your financial intermediary or write to the RiverSource Family of Funds, which includes RiverSource funds, Seligman funds and Threadneedle funds, 734 Ameriprise Financial Center, Minneapolis, MN 55474, call 1(800) 221-2450, or visit seligman.com.

The Fund is governed by a Board that meets regularly to review a wide variety of matters affecting the Portfolios. Detailed information about Fund governance, the Fund’s investment manager, RiverSource Investments, and other aspects of Fund management can be found by referencing the Table of Contents below.

The website references in this SAI are inactive textual references and information contained in or otherwise accessible through these websites does not form a part of this SAI.


Table of Contents

Table of Contents

 

Fund History

     p.3   

Description of the Fund and its Investments and Risks

     p.3   

Management of the Fund

     p.18   

Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities

     p.28   

Investment Advisory and Other Services

     p.29   

Portfolio Managers

     p.34   

Securities Transactions

     p.40   

Capital Stock and Other Securities

     p.43   

Purchase, Redemption, and Pricing of Shares

     p.44   

Taxation of the Fund

     p.45   

Underwriters

     p.46   

Financial Statements

     p.46   

Information Regarding Pending and Settled Legal Proceedings

     p.47   

General Information

     p.48   

 

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Fund History

The Fund was incorporated under the laws of the state of Maryland on June 24, 1987 under the name Seligman Mutual Benefit Portfolios, Inc. The Fund’s name was changed to Seligman Portfolios, Inc. on April 15, 1993. As of November 7, 2008, the Fund and its Portfolios are a part of the RiverSource Family of Funds. The RiverSource Family of Funds includes a comprehensive array of funds managed by RiverSource Investments, including the Fund and the other Seligman mutual funds.

Shares of the Portfolios are sold exclusively as underlying investment options of variable insurance policies and variable annuity contracts offered by affiliated and unaffiliated insurance companies and are part of the RiverSource Family of Funds.

Description of the Fund and its Investments and Risks

Classification

The Fund is a diversified open-end management investment company, or mutual fund, which consists of the following eight separate Portfolios:

 

Seligman Capital Portfolio

(Capital)

  

Seligman International Growth Portfolio

(International Growth)

Seligman Common Stock Portfolio

(Common Stock)

  

Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio

(Investment Grade Fixed Income)

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio

(Communications and Information)

  

Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio

(Large-Cap Value)

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

(Global Technology)

  

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio

(Smaller-Cap Value)

Shares in the Fund’s Portfolios are only being offered to: (1) separate accounts (“Accounts”) established by participating insurance companies to fund benefits of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts (“Contracts”) and (2) with respect to Class 2 shares of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, certain domestic 401(k) plans with plan assets in excess of $300,000,000 or a minimum investment of $20,000,000, and retirement plans with at least 200 employees or a minimum investment of $3,000,000 (“Qualified Plans” or “Plans”). The Accounts may invest in shares of the Portfolios in accordance with allocation instructions received from the owners of the Contracts. A more detailed description of such allocation rights and information on how to purchase or surrender a Contract, as well as any sales charges and other expenses imposed by Contracts on their owners can be found in the separate prospectuses and disclosure documents issued by the participating insurance companies and those accompanying each Portfolio’s Prospectus. Qualified Plans may invest in Class 2 shares of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio in accordance with applicable law and their own governing documents. Participants of such Plans are encouraged to consult with their plan administrators for additional information. The Fund reserves the right to reject any order for the purchase of shares of the Fund’s Portfolios.

Investment Strategies and Risks

The Prospectuses discuss the investment objectives of each of the Fund’s Portfolios and the policies each Portfolio employs to achieve its investment objectives. The following information regarding the Fund’s Portfolios’ investment policies supplements the information contained in the Prospectuses.

Convertible Bonds. Each Portfolio may purchase convertible bonds. Convertible bonds are convertible at a stated exchange rate or price into common stock. Before conversion, convertible securities are similar to non-convertible debt securities in that they provide a steady stream of income with generally higher yields than an issuer’s equity securities. The market value of all debt securities, including convertible securities, tends to decline as interest rates increase and to increase as interest rates decline. In general, convertible securities may provide lower interest or dividend yields than non-convertible debt securities of similar quality, but they may also allow investors to benefit from increases in the market price of the underlying common stock. When the market price of the underlying common stock increases, the price of the convertible security tends to reflect the increase. When the market price of the underlying common stock declines, the convertible security tends to trade on the basis of yield, and may not depreciate to the same extent as the underlying common stock. In an issuer’s capital structure, convertible securities are senior to common stocks. They are therefore of higher quality and involve less risk than the issuer’s common stock, but the extent to which risk is reduced depends largely on the extent to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed-income security. In selecting convertible securities for a Portfolio, such factors as economic and business conditions involving the issuer, future earnings growth potential of the issuer, potential for price appreciation of the underlying equity, the value of individual securities relative to other investment alternatives, trends in the

 

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determinants of corporate profits, and capability of management are considered. In evaluating a convertible security, emphasis is placed on the attractiveness of the underlying common stock and the capital appreciation opportunities that the convertible security presents. Convertible securities can be callable or redeemable at the issuer’s discretion, in which case alternative investments would be sought. The Portfolios may invest in debt securities convertible into equity securities rated as low as “CC” by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) or “Ca” by Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”). Debt securities rated below investment-grade (frequently referred to as “junk bonds”) often have speculative characteristics and are subject to greater market fluctuations and risk of loss of income and principal than higher-rated securities. The investment manager does not rely on the ratings of these securities in making investment decisions but performs its own analysis, based on the factors described above, in connection with a Portfolio’s investment objective(s).

Derivatives. Each of the Portfolios may invest in financial instruments commonly known as “derivatives” for hedging or investment purposes.

A derivative is generally defined as an instrument whose value is derived from, or based upon, some underlying index, reference rate (e.g., interest rates or currency exchange rates), security, commodity or other asset. A Portfolio will not invest in a specific type of derivative without prior approval from its Board of Directors, after consideration of, among other things, how the derivative instrument serves the Portfolio’s investment objective, and the risk associated with the investment. The types of derivatives in which the Portfolios are currently permitted to invest, as described more fully below, are forward currency exchange contracts, commodities and commodity contracts, options, equity linked securities, rights and warrants, access trades, index futures, treasury futures and options on such futures.

Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts. Each of the Portfolios, other than Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio, will generally enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts to fix the US dollar value of a security it has agreed to buy or sell for the period between the date the trade was entered into and the date the security is delivered and paid for, or, to hedge the US dollar value of securities it owns. A forward foreign currency exchange contract is an agreement to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date and at a price set at the time the contract is entered into.

A Portfolio may enter into a forward contract to sell or buy the amount of a foreign currency it believes may experience a substantial movement against the US dollar. In this case the contract would approximate the value of some or all of the Portfolio’s securities denominated in such foreign currency. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of securities involved will not generally be possible since the future value of such securities in foreign currencies will change as a consequence of market movement in the value of those securities between the date the forward contract is entered into and the date it matures. The projection of short-term currency market movement is extremely difficult, and the successful execution of a short-term hedging strategy is highly uncertain. Under certain circumstances, a Portfolio may commit a substantial portion or the entire value of its assets to the consummation of these contracts. The potential effect a substantial commitment of a Portfolio’s assets to forward contracts would have on the investment program of a Portfolio and its ability to purchase additional securities is considered.

A Portfolio, in order to avoid excess transactions and transaction costs, may maintain a net exposure to forward contracts in excess of the value of the Portfolio’s securities or other assets denominated in that currency provided the excess amount is “covered” by cash and/or liquid, high-grade debt securities, denominated in any currency, having a value at least equal at all times to the amount of such excess. Under normal circumstances, consideration of the prospect for currency parities will be incorporated into the longer-term investment decisions made with regard to overall diversification strategies. However, it is believed that it is important to have the flexibility to enter into such forward contracts when it is determined that the best interests of a Portfolio will be served.

At the maturity of a forward contract, a Portfolio may either sell the security and make delivery of the foreign currency, or it may retain the security and terminate its contractual obligation to deliver the foreign currency by purchasing an “offsetting” contract obligating it to purchase, on the same maturity date, the same amount of the foreign currency.

As indicated above, it is impossible to forecast with absolute precision the market value of portfolio securities at the expiration of the forward contract. Accordingly, it may be necessary for a Portfolio to purchase additional foreign currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such purchase) if the market value of the security is less than the amount of foreign currency the Portfolio is obligated to deliver and if a decision is made to sell the security and make delivery of the foreign currency. Conversely, it may be necessary to sell on the spot market some of the foreign currency received upon the sale of the portfolio security if its market value exceeds the amount of foreign currency a Portfolio is obligated to deliver. However, a Portfolio may use liquid, high-grade debt securities, denominated in any currency, to cover the amount by which the value of a forward contract exceeds the value of the securities to which it relates.

If a Portfolio retains the portfolio security and engages in offsetting transactions, the Portfolio will incur a gain or a loss (as described below) to the extent that there has been movement in forward contract prices. If the Portfolio engages in an

 

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offsetting transaction, it may subsequently enter into a new forward contract to sell the foreign currency. Should forward prices decline during the period between the Portfolio’s entering into a forward contract for the sale of a foreign currency and the date it enters into an offsetting contract for the purchase of the foreign currency, the Portfolio will realize a gain to the extent the price of the currency it has agreed to sell exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to purchase. Should forward prices increase, the Portfolio will suffer a loss to the extent the price of the currency it has agreed to purchase exceeds the price of the currency it has agreed to sell.

Each Portfolio’s dealing in forward foreign currency exchange contracts will be limited to the transactions described above. A Portfolio is not required to enter into forward contracts with regard to its foreign currency-denominated securities and will not do so unless deemed appropriate. It also should be realized that this method of hedging against a decline in the value of a currency does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities. It simply establishes a rate of exchange at a future date. Additionally, although such contracts tend to minimize the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of a hedged currency, at the same time, they tend to limit any potential gain which might result from an increase in the value of that currency.

Shareholders should be aware of the costs of currency conversion. Although foreign exchange dealers do not charge a fee for conversion, they do realize a profit based on the difference (the “spread”) between the prices at which they are buying and selling various currencies. Thus, a dealer may offer to sell a foreign currency to a Portfolio at one rate, while offering a lesser rate of exchange should the Portfolio desire to resell that currency to the dealer.

Commodities and Commodity Contracts. Each of the Portfolios may purchase and sell commodities and commodity contracts only to the extent that such activities do not result in the Portfolio being a “commodity pool” as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s regulations and interpretations thereunder.

Use of these instruments can involve substantial risks. For example, derivative instruments can present investment risk to a Portfolio if the fluctuations in interest rates, currency values or the market to which the financial instrument is tied are not accurately predicted. Certain derivative instruments may involve the use of leverage and, as a result, there is the risk that a Portfolio could lose more than the amount of its original investment. For example, a Portfolio may purchase futures contracts by making a relatively small “margin deposit” and, if such contracts are thereafter sold at a loss, that Portfolio could lose substantially more than the original margin deposit. Although a Portfolio will only utilize exchange-traded futures and options thereon, there can be no assurance that they will be able to close out positions when they wish to. In addition, a futures or options strategy may not provide an exact hedge to a position.

Options. Each of the Portfolios, other than Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio, is permitted to purchase put options, call options, put spreads, call spreads and collars, and to sell covered call options (i.e., where the Portfolio owns the underlying security) and covered put options (i.e., where the Portfolio maintains the cash or collateral to cover the obligation created by the put). These instruments are described below.

An option is a contract that gives the holder the right to purchase (“call”) or sell (“put”) a specified security for an agreed upon price at any time before the contract’s expiration date. The amount paid for an option is known as the premium, and the exercise price is known as the strike price. The purchaser of an option has the right, but not the obligation, to purchase or sell a security. The seller (or “writer”) of an option, conversely, has an obligation to sell or purchase a security if the option is exercised. Some options have standardized terms and are traded on securities exchanges. Others are privately negotiated and have no or only a limited trading market. Options may be used individually or in combinations (e.g., put spreads and collars) to hedge securities positions or to seek increased investment returns.

Put spreads and collars are designed to protect against a decline in value of a security an investor owns. A collar involves the purchase of a put and the simultaneous writing of a call on the same security at a higher strike price. The put protects the investor from a decline in the price of the security below the put’s strike price. The call means that the investor will not benefit from increases in the price of the security beyond the call’s strike price. In a put spread, an investor purchases a put and simultaneously writes a put on the same security at a lower strike price. This combination protects the investor against a decline in the price down to the lower strike price. The premium received for writing the call (in the case of a collar) or writing the put (in the case of a put spread) offsets, in whole or in part, the premium paid to purchase the put. In a call spread, an investor purchases a call and simultaneously sells a call on the same security, with the call sold having a higher strike price than the call purchased. The purchased call is designed to provide exposure to a potential increase in the value of a security an investor owns. The premium received for writing the call offsets, in part, the premium paid to purchase the corresponding call, but it also means that the investor will not benefit from increases in the price of the security beyond the sold call’s strike price.

Options offer large amounts of leverage, which will result in the Portfolio’s net asset value being more sensitive to changes in the value of the underlying security. The successful use of options depends in part on the ability of the investment manager to manage future price fluctuations, and the degree of correlation between the options and the prices of the

 

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underlying securities. If the investment manager is incorrect in its expectation of changes in market prices or the correlation between the instruments or indices on which such options may be written and purchased and the instruments in the Portfolio’s investment portfolio, the Portfolio may incur losses that it would not otherwise incur. The use of options can also increase a Portfolio’s transaction costs. Options transactions can involve a high degree of risk, including the possibility of a total loss of the amount invested. The purchaser of an option runs the risk of losing the entire premium paid if the option expires “out of the money” (i.e., if the strike price for a call option is higher than the market price, or the strike price for a put option is lower than the market price). The seller of an option earns premium income but is subject to the risk of having to sell the underlying security at significantly less than its market price (or buy a security at significantly more than its market price). When options are purchased on the over-the-counter market, there is a risk that the counterparty that wrote the option will be unable to perform its obligations under the option contract. Such over-the-counter options may also be illiquid and, in such cases, the Portfolio may have difficulty closing out its position, in which case the Portfolio could lose money in the event of adverse price movements.

Equity-Linked Securities (ELS). An ELS is a debt instrument whose value is based on the value of a single equity security, basket of equity securities or an index of equity securities (each, an “Underlying Equity”). An ELS typically provides interest income, thereby offering a yield advantage over investing directly in an Underlying Equity. However, the holder of an ELS may have limited or no benefit from any appreciation in the Underlying Equity, but is exposed to downside market risk. The Portfolio may purchase ELSs that trade on a securities exchange or those that trade on the over-the-counter markets, including Rule 144A securities. The Portfolio may also purchase ELSs in a privately negotiated transaction with the issuer of an ELS (or its broker-dealer affiliate, collectively referred to in this section as the “issuer”). The Portfolio may or may not hold an ELS until its maturity.

Investments in ELSs subject the Portfolio to risks, primarily to the downside market risk associated with the Underlying Equity, and to additional risks not typically associated with investments in listed equity securities, such as liquidity risk, credit risk of the issuer, and concentration risk. Most ELSs do not have any downside protection (though some ELSs provide for a floor on the downside). In general, an investor in an ELS has the same downside risk as an investor in the Underlying Equity. The liquidity of an ELS that is not actively traded on an exchange is linked to the liquidity of the Underlying Equity. The issuer of an ELS generally purchases the Underlying Equity as a hedge. If the Portfolio wants to sell an ELS back to the issuer prior to its maturity, the issuer may sell the Underlying Equity to unwind the hedge and, therefore, must take into account the liquidity of the Underlying Equity in negotiating the purchase price the issuer will pay to the Portfolio to acquire the ELS.

The liquidity of unlisted ELSs is normally determined by the willingness of the issuer to make a market in the ELS. While the Portfolio will seek to purchase ELSs only from issuers that it believes to be willing to, and capable of, repurchasing the ELS at a reasonable price, there can be no assurance that the Portfolio will be able to sell any ELS at such a price or at all. This may impair the Portfolio’s ability to enter into other transactions at a time when doing so might be advantageous. In addition, because ELSs are senior unsecured notes of the issuer, the Portfolio would be subject to the credit risk of the issuer and the potential risk of being too concentrated in the securities (including ELSs) of that issuer. The Portfolio bears the risk that the issuer may default on its obligations under the ELS. In the event of insolvency of the issuer, the Portfolio will be unable to obtain the intended benefits of the ELS. Moreover, it may be difficult to obtain market quotations for purposes of valuing the Portfolio’s ELSs and computing the Portfolio’s net asset value.

Price movements of an ELS will likely differ significantly from price movements of the Underlying Equity, resulting in the risk of loss if the investment manager is incorrect in its expectation of fluctuations in securities prices, interest rates or currency prices or other relevant features of an ELS.

Preferred Securities. Certain of the Portfolios may invest in preferred securities. There are special risks associated with investing in preferred securities, including:

 

   

Deferral. Preferred securities may include provisions that permit the issuer, at its discretion, to defer distributions for a stated period without adverse consequences to the issuer. If the Portfolio owns a preferred security that is deferring its distributions, the Portfolio may be required to report income for tax purposes although it has not yet received such income.

 

   

Subordination. Preferred securities are subordinated to bonds and other debt instruments in an issuer’s capital structure with respect to priority to corporate income and liquidation payments, and therefore will be subject to greater credit risk than more senior debt instruments.

 

   

Liquidity. Preferred securities may be substantially less liquid than many other securities, such as common stocks or US government securities.

 

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Limited Voting Rights. Generally, preferred security holders have no voting rights with respect to the issuing company unless preferred dividends have been in arrears for a specified number of periods, at which time the preferred security holders may elect a number of directors to the issuer’s board. Generally, once all the arrearages have been paid, the preferred security holders no longer have voting rights. In the case of certain trust preferred securities, holders generally have no voting rights, except (i) if the issuer fails to pay dividends for a specified period of time or (ii) if a declaration of default occurs and is continuing. In such an event, rights of holders of trust preferred securities generally would include the right to appoint and authorize a trustee to enforce the trust or special purpose entity’s rights as a creditor under the agreement with its operating company.

 

   

Special Redemption Rights. In certain varying circumstances, an issuer of preferred securities may redeem the securities prior to a specified date. For instance, for certain types of preferred securities, a redemption may be triggered by a change in income tax or securities laws. As with call provisions, a redemption by the issuer of the preferred securities may negatively impact the return of the security held by the Portfolio.

Rights and Warrants. Each Portfolio, other than Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio, may invest in common stock rights and warrants believed to provide capital appreciation opportunities. Common stock rights and warrants received as part of a unit or attached to securities purchased (i.e., not separately purchased) are not included in each Portfolio’s investment restrictions regarding such securities.

Access Trades. Each Portfolio, other than Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio, may participate in access trades with a global securities broker as counterparty. Access trades are over-the-counter transactions that provide access to a designated security, group of securities or market index without directly investing in the reference security/index. For a commission, the counterparty, agrees to provide a return based on the return of the reference security/index. Access trades are typically used in foreign markets where limits on direct foreign ownership can affect prices and/or where there are significant complexities in directly purchasing or selling shares in the reference security/index. Since access trades are over-the-counter transactions, a Portfolio bears the risk that the counterparty will be unable or unwilling to meet its obligations. In addition, since over-the-counter markets are generally less liquid than exchanges, the Portfolio may not be able to sell when it is deemed advantageous to do so. These risks will be potentially mitigated by dealing with counterparties believed to be reputable.

Futures Contracts. Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio may utilize treasury futures and Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Common Stock Portfolio, Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, Seligman International Growth Portfolio, Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio may utilize index futures. Futures contracts, which trade on a securities exchange, are standardized as to quantity, delivery date and settlement conditions, including specific securities acceptable for delivery against the futures contract. A treasury futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specified amount of a specific security issued by the U.S. Treasury for a specified price at a designated date and time in the future. In the case of index futures, settlement is made in cash based on the value of a specified underlying index. More commonly, futures contracts are closed out prior to expiration by an offsetting purchase or sale. Since the counterparty to every futures contact is a securities exchange, offsetting transactions are netted to close out positions. A Portfolio may incur a loss if the closing transaction occurs at an unfavorable price as compared with that of the opening trade (including transaction costs). There can be no assurance that the Portfolio will be able to enter into an offsetting transaction with respect to a particular contract at a particular time. If a Portfolio is not able to enter into an offsetting transaction, it will continue to be required to maintain the position, including the maintenance of margins, which could result in substantial losses.

Margin deposits must be made at the time a futures contract position is acquired. A Portfolio is required to deposit in a segregated account, typically with its custodian, in the name of the futures broker through whom the transaction was effected, “initial margin” consisting of cash and/or other appropriate liquid assets in an amount generally equal to 10% or less of the contract value. Margin must also be deposited when writing a call or put option on a futures contract, in accordance with applicable exchange rules. Initial margin on futures contracts is returned to the Portfolio at the termination of the transaction if all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Under certain circumstances, such as periods of high volatility, the Portfolio may be required by a securities exchange to increase the level of its initial margin payment, and initial margin requirements might be increased generally in the future by regulatory action.

Subsequent “variation margin” payments are made daily to and from the futures broker as the value of the futures position varies, a process known as “marking-to-market.” When a Portfolio purchases or sells a futures contract, it is subject to daily variation margin calls that could be substantial in the event of adverse price movements. If the Portfolio has insufficient cash to meet daily variation margin requirements, it might need to sell securities at a time when such sales are disadvantageous. Purchasers and sellers of futures positions can enter into offsetting closing transactions by selling or purchasing, respectively, an instrument identical to the instrument held or written. Under certain circumstances, exchanges upon which futures contracts trade may establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a future contract can vary from the previous day’s

 

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settlement price; once that limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. Daily price limits do not limit potential losses because prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no trading, thereby preventing liquidation of unfavorable positions.

If a Portfolio were unable to liquidate a futures contract position, it could incur substantial losses. The Portfolio would continue to be subject to market risk with respect to the position. In addition, the Portfolio would continue to be required to make daily variation margin payments and might be required to maintain the position being hedged by the futures contract or to designate liquid assets on its books and records.

Certain characteristics of the futures markets might increase the risk that movements in the prices of futures contracts might not correlate perfectly with movements in the prices of the investments being hedged. For example, all participants in the futures contracts markets are subject to daily variation margin calls and might be compelled to liquidate futures contracts positions whose prices are moving unfavorably to avoid being subject to further calls. These liquidations could increase price volatility of the instruments and distort the normal price relationship between the futures or options and the investments being hedged. Also, since initial margin deposit requirements in the futures markets are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities markets, there might be increased participation by speculators in the futures markets. This participation also might cause temporary price distortions. In addition, activities of large traders in both the futures and securities markets involving arbitrage, “program trading” and other investment strategies might result in temporary price distortions.

The Fund would deal only in standardized contracts on recognized exchanges. Each exchange guarantees performance under contract provisions through a clearing corporation, a nonprofit organization managed by the exchange membership.

At the maturity of a futures contract, the Portfolio may either accept or make delivery of the security specified in the contract or, prior to maturity, enter into a closing transaction involving the purchase or sale of an offsetting contract. The Fund will only enter into a futures contract if it is expected that the Fund will readily be able to close out such contract. There can, however, be no assurance that it will be able to do so in any particular case, in which case the Fund may suffer losses in the event of adverse price movements.

Options on Futures. The Portfolios that may utilize treasury futures and index futures also intend to seek the Board’s permission to utilize options on treasury futures and index futures respectively (collectively, “options on futures”). Options on futures are effectively options on the asset or index that underlies a futures contract. A call option on a futures contract gives the holder the right to enter into a long futures contract at a fixed futures price. A put option on a futures contract gives the holder the right to enter into a short futures contract at a fixed futures price.

Purchasers and sellers of options on futures can enter into offsetting closing transactions by selling or purchasing, respectively, an offsetting option on the same futures contract. There is also risk that the Portfolio may have difficulty in closing out positions in options on futures. Although the Portfolios intend to close out any positions on a securities market, there can be no assurance that such a market will exist for a particular contract at a particular time.

Under certain circumstances, exchanges upon which futures are traded may establish daily limits on the amount that the price of an option on a futures contract can vary from the previous day’s settlement price. Once that limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. Daily price limits do not limit potential losses because prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no trading, thereby preventing liquidation of unfavorable positions held by the Portfolios.

Options on futures held by a Portfolio, to the extent not exercised, will expire and the Portfolio would experience a loss to the extent of any premium paid for the option. If a Portfolio were unable to liquidate an option on a futures contract position due to the absence of a liquid secondary market or the imposition of price limits, it could incur substantial losses. The Portfolio would continue to be subject to market risk with respect to the position.

Certain characteristics of the futures market might increase the risk that movements in the prices of options on futures contracts might not correlate perfectly with movements in the prices of any exposure being hedged. For example, all participants in the options on futures markets are subject to daily variation margin calls and might be compelled to liquidate options on futures positions whose prices are moving unfavorably to avoid being subject to further calls. These liquidations could increase price volatility of the instruments and distort the normal price relationship between the futures or options and the investments being hedged. Also, because initial margin deposit requirements in the futures markets are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities markets, there might be increased participation by speculators in the futures markets. This participation also might cause temporary price distortions. In addition, activities of traders in both the futures and securities markets involving arbitrage, “program trading” and other investment strategies might result in temporary price distortions.

 

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Funding Agreements. The Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio may invest in funding agreements issued by domestic insurance companies. Funding agreements are short-term, privately placed, debt obligations of insurance companies that offer a fixed- or floating-rate of interest. These investments are not readily marketable and therefore are considered to be illiquid securities. (See also Illiquid Securities.) The largest risks associated with funding agreements include credit risk and liquidity risk.

Quantitative Model Risk. The Common Stock Portfolio is subject to quantitative model risk. Securities selected using quantitative methods may perform differently from the market as a whole as a result of the factors used in the quantitative method, the weight placed on each factor, and changes in the factors historical trends. The quantitative methodology employed by the investment manager has been extensively tested using historical securities market data, but has only recently begun to be used to manage open-end mutual funds. There can be no assurance that the methodology will enable the fund to achieve its objective.

Foreign Investment Risk Factors. Each of the Portfolios may invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign securities (except Seligman Global Technology Portfolio and Seligman International Growth Portfolio, which may invest up to 100% of their total assets in foreign securities), except that this 25% limit does not apply to (i) foreign securities held through Depositary Receipts which are traded in the US or to commercial paper and certificates of deposit issued by foreign banks, or (ii) Seligman Capital Portfolio, the 25% limit of which is described in the Fund’s Prospectuses. Foreign investments may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency rates and exchange control regulations. There may be less information available about a foreign company than about a US company, and foreign companies may not be subject to reporting standards and requirements comparable to those applicable to US companies. Foreign securities may not be as liquid as US securities. Securities of foreign companies may involve greater market risk than securities of US companies, and foreign brokerage commissions and custody fees are generally higher than in the United States. Investments in foreign securities may also be subject to local economic or political risks, political instability and possible nationalization of issuers.

By investing in foreign securities, the Portfolios will attempt to take advantage of differences among economic trends and the performance of securities markets in various countries. It is believed that, in comparison with investment companies investing solely in domestic securities, it may be possible to obtain significant appreciation from a portfolio of foreign investments and securities from various markets that offer different investment opportunities and are affected by different economic trends. Global diversification reduces the effect that events in any one country will have on the entire investment portfolio. Of course, a decline in the value of a Portfolio’s investments in one country may offset potential gains from investments in another country. Diversification does not assure a profit or protect against loss in a declining market.

Investments in securities of foreign issuers may involve risks that are not associated with domestic investments, and there can be no assurance that the Portfolios’ foreign investments will present less risk than a portfolio of domestic securities. Foreign issuers may lack uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements, and there is generally less publicly available information about foreign issuers than there is about US issuers. Governmental regulation and supervision of foreign stock exchanges, brokers and listed companies may be less pervasive than is customary in the United States. Securities of some foreign issuers are less liquid and their prices are more volatile than securities of comparable domestic issuers. Foreign securities settlements may in some instances be subject to delays and related administrative uncertainties which could result in temporary periods when assets of a Portfolio are uninvested and no return is earned thereon and may involve a risk of loss to a Portfolio. Foreign securities markets may have substantially less volume than US markets and far fewer traded issues. Fixed brokerage commissions on foreign securities exchanges are generally higher than in the United States, and transaction costs with respect to smaller capitalization companies may be higher than those of larger capitalization companies. Income from foreign securities may be reduced by a withholding tax at the source or other foreign taxes. In some countries, there may also be the possibility of nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation (in which a Portfolio could lose its entire investment in a certain market), limitations on the removal of monies or other assets of the Portfolios, higher rates of inflation, political or social instability or revolution, or diplomatic developments that could affect investments in those countries. In addition, it may be difficult to obtain and enforce a judgment in a court outside the United States.

Some of the risks described in the preceding paragraph may be more severe for investments in emerging or developing countries. By comparison with the United States and other developed countries, emerging or developing countries may have relatively unstable governments, economies based on a less diversified industrial base and securities markets that trade a smaller number of securities. Companies in emerging markets may generally be smaller, less experienced and more recently organized than many domestic companies. Prices of securities traded in the securities markets of emerging or developing countries tend to be volatile. Furthermore, foreign investors are subject to many restrictions in emerging or developing countries. These restrictions may require, among other things, governmental approval prior to making investments or repatriating income or capital, or may impose limits on the amount or type of securities held by foreigners or on the companies in which the foreigners may invest.

 

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The economies of individual emerging countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the US economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rates of inflation, currency depreciation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payment position and may be based on a substantially less diversified industrial base. Further, the economies of developing countries generally are heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been, and may continue to be, adversely affected by trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade. These economies also have been, and may continue to be, adversely affected by economic conditions in the countries with which they trade.

Investments in foreign securities will usually be denominated in foreign currencies, and each Portfolio may temporarily hold funds in foreign currencies. The value of a Portfolio’s investments denominated in foreign currencies may be affected, favorably or unfavorably, by the relative strength of the US dollar, changes in foreign currency and US dollar exchange rates and exchange control regulations. A Portfolio may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. A Portfolio’s net asset value per share will be affected by changes in currency exchange rates. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates may also affect the value of dividends and interest earned, gains and losses realized on the sale of securities and net investment income and gains, if any, to be distributed to shareholders by the Portfolios. The rate of exchange between the US dollar and other currencies is determined by the forces of supply and demand in the foreign exchange markets (which in turn are affected by interest rates, trade flows and numerous other factors, including, in some countries, local governmental intervention).

Technology Investment Risk Factors. The value of the Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio and Seligman Global Technology Portfolio shares may be susceptible to factors affecting technology and technology-related industries and to greater risk and market fluctuation than an investment in a fund that invests in a broader range of portfolio securities. Technology and technology-related industries may be subject to greater governmental regulation than many other industries in certain countries, as well as changes in governmental policies, and the need for regulatory approvals may have a material adverse effect on these industries. Additionally, these companies may be subject to risks of developing technologies, competitive pressures, and other factors and are dependent upon consumer and business acceptance as new technologies evolve. Securities of smaller, less experienced companies also may involve greater risks, such as limited product lines, limited markets and limited financial and managerial resources, and trading in such securities may be subject to more abrupt price movements than trading in the securities of larger companies.

Other Investment Companies. Each Portfolio, other than Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio, may invest in securities issued by other investment companies. Such investments are subject to the limitations on investments in other investment companies imposed by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“1940 Act”), which generally prohibits a Portfolio from holding more than 3% of the outstanding voting securities of another investment company, and from investing more than 5% of its total assets in any one investment company, or more than 10% of its total assets in other investment companies overall. A Portfolio’s investments in other investment companies may include investments in exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) if appropriate investment opportunities arise. ETFs are registered funds that trade on a stock exchange or otherwise traded in the over-the-counter market and generally seek to track the performance of a specified securities index or a basket of securities. Securities traded in the over-the-counter market present additional risks, such as counterparty and liquidity risks.

If a Portfolio invests in other investment companies, shareholders would bear not only that Portfolio’s expenses (including operating expenses and advisory fees), but also similar expenses of the underlying investment companies, and a Portfolio’s returns will therefore be lower. To the extent a Portfolio invests in ETFs, the Portfolio is exposed to the risks associated with the underlying investments of the ETFs and the Portfolio’s performance may be negatively affected if the value of those underlying investments declines.

Depositary Receipts. Depositary Receipts are instruments generally issued by domestic banks or trust companies that represent the deposits of a security of a foreign issuer. American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), which are traded in dollars on US Exchanges or over-the-counter, are issued by domestic banks and evidence ownership of securities issued by foreign corporations. European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) are typically traded in Europe. Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) (collectively, “Depositary Receipts”) are typically traded in both Europe and the United States. Depositary Receipts may be issued as sponsored or unsponsored programs. In sponsored programs, the issuer has made arrangements to have its securities trade in the form of Depositary Receipts. In unsponsored programs, the issuer may not be directly involved in the creation of the program. Although regulatory requirements with respect to sponsored and unsponsored programs are generally similar, the issuers of unsponsored Depositary Receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the US, and therefore, the import of such information may not be reflected in the market value of such instruments.

Illiquid Securities. Each Portfolio may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities, including restricted securities (i.e., securities not readily marketable without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”)) and other securities that are not readily marketable. These include restricted securities that can be offered and sold to “qualified

 

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institutional buyers” under Rule 144A of the 1933 Act. The Fund’s Board of Directors may adopt procedures pursuant to which the investment manager may determine, when appropriate, that specific Rule 144A securities are liquid and not subject to the 15% limitation on illiquid securities. Should the Board of Directors or the investment manager (as the case may be) make this determination, it will carefully monitor the security (focusing on such factors, among others, as trading activity and availability of information) to determine that the Rule 144A security continues to be liquid. It is not possible to predict with assurance exactly how the market for Rule 144A securities will further evolve. This investment practice could have the effect of increasing the level of illiquidity in a Portfolio, if and to the extent that qualified institutional buyers become for a time uninterested in purchasing Rule 144A securities.

Money Market Instruments. Each of the Portfolios may invest a portion of their assets in the following money market instruments.

US Government Obligations. US Government obligations are obligations issued or guaranteed as to both principal and interest by the US Government or backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, such as US Treasury Bills, securities issued or guaranteed by a US Government agency or instrumentality, and securities supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the US Treasury.

Bank Obligations. Bank obligations include US dollar-denominated certificates of deposit, banker’s acceptances, fixed time deposits and commercial paper of domestic banks, including their branches located outside the United States, and of domestic branches of foreign banks.

Commercial Paper and Short-Term Corporate Debt Securities. Commercial paper and short-term debt securities include short-term unsecured promissory notes with maturities not exceeding nine months issued in bearer form by bank holding companies, corporations and finance companies.

Mortgage Related Securities.

Mortgage Pass-Through Securities. Each Portfolio may invest in mortgage pass-through securities. Mortgage pass-through securities include securities that represent interests in pools of mortgage loans made by lenders such as savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, and commercial banks. Such securities provide a “pass-through” of monthly payments of interest and principal made by the borrowers on their residential mortgage loans (net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities). Although the residential mortgages underlying a pool may have maturities of up to 30 years, a pool’s effective maturity may be reduced by prepayments of principal on the underlying mortgage obligations. Factors affecting mortgage prepayments include, among other things, the level of interest rates, general economic and social conditions and the location and age of the mortgages. High interest rate mortgages are more likely to be prepaid than lower-rate mortgages; consequently, the effective maturities of mortgage-related obligations that pass-through payments of higher-rate mortgages are likely to be shorter than those of obligations that pass-through payments of lower-rate mortgages. If such prepayment of mortgage-related securities in which the Portfolio invests occurs, the Portfolio may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields.

The Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) is a US Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development, authorized to guarantee, with the full faith and credit of the US Government, the timely payment of principal and interest on securities issued by institutions approved by GNMA (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers) and backed by pools of Federal Housing Administration insured or Veterans Administration guaranteed residential mortgages. These securities entitle the holder to receive all interest and principal payments owed on the mortgages in the pool, net of certain fees, regardless of whether or not the mortgagors actually make the payments. Other government-related issuers of mortgage-related securities include the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”), a government-sponsored corporation subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development but owned entirely by private stockholders, and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), a corporate instrumentality of the US Government created for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing that is owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks. FHLMC issues Participation Certificates (“PCs”), which represent interests in mortgages from FHLMC’s national portfolio. FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, but PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US Government. Pass-through securities issued by FNMA are backed by residential mortgages purchased from a list of approved seller/servicers and are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA, but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US Government.

Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-through securities based on pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Securities created by such non-governmental issuers may offer a higher rate of interest than government-related securities; however, timely payment of interest and principal may or may not be supported by insurance or guarantee arrangements, and there can be no assurance that the private issuers can meet their obligations.

 

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Collateralized Mortgage Obligations. Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio may invest in Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”), including certain CMOs that have elected to be treated as Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits (“REMICs”). CMOs are fixed-income securities collateralized by pooled mortgages and separated into short-, medium-, and long-term positions (called “tranches”). Tranches pay different rates of interest depending upon their maturity. CMOs may be collateralized by (a) pass through securities issued or guaranteed by GNMA, FNMA or FHLMC, (b) unsecuritized mortgage loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Department of Veteran’s Affairs, (c) unsecuritized conventional Mortgages, (d) other mortgage related securities or (e) any combination thereof.

Each tranche of a CMO is issued at a specific coupon rate and has a stated maturity. As the payments on the underlying mortgage loans are collected, the CMO issuer generally pays the coupon rate of interest to the holders of each tranche. In a common structure referred to as a “Pay” CMO, all scheduled and unscheduled principal payments generated by the collateral, as loans are repaid or prepaid, go initially to investors in the first tranches. Investors in later tranches do not start receiving principal payments until the prior tranches are paid in full. Sometimes, CMOs are structured so that the prepayment and/or market risks are transferred from one tranche to another.

Most CMOs are issued by Federal agencies. However, the only CMOs backed by the full faith and credit of the US Government are CMOs collateralized by pass-through securities guaranteed by GNMA. All CMOs are subject to reinvestment risk; that is, as prepayments on the underlying pool of mortgages increase, the maturity of the tranches in the CMO will decrease. As a result, the Portfolio may have to invest the proceeds that were invested in such CMOs in securities with lower yields. Factors affecting reinvestment risk include the level of interest rates, general economic and social conditions and the location and age of the mortgages.

Repurchase Agreements. Each Portfolio may hold cash or cash equivalents and may enter into repurchase agreements with respect to securities; normally repurchase agreements relate to money market obligations backed by the full faith and credit of the US Government. Repurchase agreements are transactions in which an investor (e.g., any of the Fund’s Portfolios) purchases a security from a bank, recognized securities dealer, or other financial institution and simultaneously commits to resell that security to such institution at an agreed upon price, date and market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased security. A repurchase agreement thus involves the obligation of the bank or securities dealer to pay the agreed upon price on the date agreed to, which obligation is in effect secured by the value of the underlying security held by the Portfolio. Repurchase agreements could involve certain risks in the event of bankruptcy or other default by the seller, including possible delays and expenses in liquidating the securities underlying the agreement, decline in value of the underlying securities and loss of interest. Although repurchase agreements carry certain risks not associated with direct investments in securities, each Portfolio intends to enter into repurchase agreements only with financial institutions believed to present minimum credit risks in accordance with guidelines established by the investment manager or subadviser, as the case may be. The investment manager or subadviser, as the case may be, has implemented measures to review and monitor the creditworthiness of such institutions. The Portfolios will invest only in repurchase agreements collateralized in an amount at least equal at all times to the purchase price plus accrued interest. Repurchase agreements usually are for short periods, such as one week or less, but may be for longer periods. No Portfolio will enter into a repurchase agreement with a maturity of more than seven days if, as a result, more than 15% of the value of its net assets would then be invested in such repurchase agreements and other illiquid investments.

When-Issued and Forward Commitment Securities. Certain Portfolios may purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis. Settlement of such transactions (i.e., delivery of securities and payment of purchase price) normally takes place within 45 days after the date of the commitment to purchase. A Portfolio may purchase a security on a when-issued or forward commitment basis with or without the intention of actually acquiring the securities, and may sell these securities before the purchase settlement date if it is deemed advisable.

At the time a Portfolio enters into such a commitment both payment and interest terms will be established prior to settlement; there is a risk that prevailing interest rates on the settlement date will be greater than the interest rate terms established at the time the commitment was entered into. When-issued and forward commitment securities are subject to changes in market value prior to settlement based upon changes, real or anticipated, in the level of interest rates or creditworthiness of the issuer. If a Portfolio remains substantially fully invested at the same time that it has purchased securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis, the market value of that Portfolio’s assets may fluctuate more than otherwise would be the case. For this reason, when investing in when-issued or forward commitment securities, cash and/or liquid securities equal to the amount of each Portfolio’s when-issued or forward commitment securities will be segregated at the Portfolio’s custodian, and marked to market daily, with additional cash and/or liquid securities added when necessary. When the time comes to pay for when-issued or forward commitment securities, a Portfolio will meet its respective obligations from then available cash flow, sale of securities (those segregated or otherwise), or, although a Portfolio would not normally expect to do so, from the sale of the when-issued or forward commitment securities themselves (which may

 

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have a value greater or less than a Portfolio’s payment obligations). Sale of securities to meet when-issued and forward commitment obligations carries with it a greater potential for the realization of capital gain or loss.

Short Sales. Each Portfolio may sell securities short “against-the-box.” A short sale “against-the-box” is a short sale in which the Portfolio owns an equal amount of the securities sold short or securities convertible into or exchangeable without payment of further consideration for securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short.

Lending of Portfolio Securities. Each of the Portfolios may lend portfolio securities to broker-dealers, banks or other institutional borrowers, provided that securities loaned by each of the Portfolios may not exceed 33 1/3% of the Portfolios’ total assets taken at market value. The borrower must maintain with the Fund’s custodian bank cash or equivalent collateral equal to at least 100% of the market value of the securities loaned. During the time portfolio securities are on loan, the borrower pays the lending Portfolio an amount equal to any dividends or interest paid on the securities. The lending Portfolio may invest the collateral and earn additional income or receive an agreed upon amount of interest income from the borrower. Loans made by the Portfolios will generally be short-term. Loans are subject to termination at the option of the lending Portfolio or the borrower. The lending Portfolio may pay reasonable administrative and custodial fees in connection with a loan and may pay a negotiated portion of the interest earned on the collateral to the borrower or placing broker. The lending Portfolio does not have the right to vote securities on loan, but would terminate the loan and regain the right to vote if that were considered important with respect to the investment. The lending Portfolio may lose money if a borrower defaults on its obligation to return securities and the value of the collateral held by the lending Portfolio is insufficient to replace the loaned securities. In addition, the lending Portfolio is responsible for any loss that might result from its investment of the borrower’s collateral.

Borrowing. Except as noted below, a Portfolio may from time to time, borrow money to increase its portfolio of securities or for other purposes. Under the 1940 Act, each Portfolio is generally permitted to borrow from banks in amounts not exceeding one-third of the value of its total assets, less liabilities other than such borrowings. Borrowings may be secured by a mortgage or pledge of a Portfolio’s assets.

Borrowed money creates an opportunity for greater capital appreciation, but at the same time increases exposure to capital risk. The net cost of any money borrowed would be an expense that otherwise would not be incurred, and this expense will reduce a Portfolio’s net investment income in any given period.

Except as otherwise specifically noted above, each of the Fund’s Portfolios’ investment strategies are not fundamental and the Fund, with the approval of the Board of Directors, may change such strategies without the vote of a majority of a Portfolio’s outstanding voting securities.

FUNDAMENTAL RESTRICTIONS

Each Portfolio is subject to fundamental policies that place restrictions on certain types of investments. Except as otherwise indicated below, restrictions 1 through 8 may not be changed without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of a Portfolio’s outstanding voting securities; restrictions 9 through 12 may be changed by the Fund’s Board of Directors without such a vote. Under these restrictions, none of the Portfolios may:

 

1. Purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts, except to the extent permissible under applicable law and interpretations, as they may be amended from time to time;

 

2. Purchase securities on margin except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC;

 

3. Issue senior securities or borrow money, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC;

 

4. Make loans, except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC;

 

5. Underwrite the securities of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the 1933 Act in disposing of a portfolio security or in connection with investments in other investment companies;

 

6. Purchase or hold any real estate, except the Fund may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by persons (including real estate investment trusts) which deal in real estate or interests therein;

 

7. Make any investment inconsistent with the Fund’s classification as a diversified company under the 1940 Act;

 

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8. Invest 25% or more of its total assets, at market value, in the securities of issuers in any particular industry, provided that:

 

   

this limitation shall exclude securities issued or guaranteed by the US Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities;

 

   

for the purpose of this limitation, mortgage-related securities do not constitute an industry; and

 

   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio will invest at least 80% of the value of its total assets in securities of companies principally engaged in the communications, information and related industries, except when investing for temporary defensive purposes.

 

9. Purchase illiquid securities for any Portfolio including repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days and securities that cannot be sold without registration or the filing of a notification under Federal or state securities laws, if, as a result, such investment would exceed 15% of the value of such Portfolio’s net assets.

 

10. Invest in oil, gas or other mineral exploration or development programs; provided, however, that this investment restriction shall not prohibit a Portfolio from purchasing publicly-traded securities of companies engaging in whole or in part in such activities.

 

11. Purchase securities from or sell securities to any of its officers or Directors, except with respect to its own shares and as permissible under applicable statutes, rules and regulations.

 

12. Invest more than 5% of the value of its net assets, valued at the lower of cost or market, in warrants, of which no more than 2% of net assets may be invested in warrants and rights not listed on the New York or American Stock Exchange. For this purpose, warrants acquired by the Fund in units or attached to securities may be deemed to have been purchased without cost.

For purposes of applying the 25% limitation on the securities of issuers in any particular industry (as described above), the Fund will generally use the industry classifications provided by the Global Industry Classification System.

Certain of the Portfolios’ fundamental policies set forth above prohibit transactions “except as permitted by the 1940 Act or any rule thereunder, any SEC or SEC staff interpretations thereof or any exemptions therefrom which may be granted by the SEC.” The following discussion explains the flexibility that a Portfolio gains from these exceptions.

Purchase of securities on margin — A purchase on margin involves a loan from the broker-dealer arranging the transaction. The “margin” is the cash or securities that the borrower places with the broker-dealer as collateral against the loan. However, the purchase of securities on margin is effectively prohibited by the 1940 Act because a Portfolio generally may borrow only from banks. Thus, under current law, this exception does not provide any additional flexibility to the Portfolio.

Issuing senior securities — A “senior security” is an obligation with respect to the earnings or assets of a company that takes precedence over the claims of that company’s common stock with respect to the same earnings or assets. The 1940 Act prohibits a mutual fund from issuing senior securities other than certain borrowings, but SEC staff interpretations allow a fund to engage in certain types of transactions that otherwise might raise senior security concerns (such as short sales, buying and selling financial futures contracts and selling put and call options), provided that the fund maintains segregated deposits or portfolio securities, or otherwise covers the transaction with offsetting portfolio securities, in amounts sufficient to offset any liability associated with the transaction. The exception in the fundamental policy allows a Portfolio to operate in reliance upon these staff interpretations.

Borrowing money — The 1940 Act permits a fund to borrow up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amounts borrowed) from banks, plus an additional 5% of its total assets for temporary purposes, which may be borrowed from banks or other sources.

Making loans — The 1940 Act generally prohibits a Portfolio from making loans to affiliated persons but does not otherwise restrict a Portfolio’s ability to make loans.

If a percentage restriction is adhered to at the time of an investment, a later increase or decrease in such percentage resulting from a change in the value of assets will not constitute a violation of such restriction. In order to permit the sale of the Fund’s shares in certain states, the Fund may make commitments more restrictive than the investment restrictions described above. Should the Fund determine that any such commitment is no longer in the best interest of the Fund it will revoke the commitment by terminating sales in the state involved. The Fund also intends to comply with the diversification requirements under Section 817(h) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. For a description of these requirements, see the separate account prospectuses or disclosure documents of the participating insurance companies.

Under the 1940 Act, a “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” of the Fund or of a particular Portfolio means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund or of such Portfolio or (2) 67%

 

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or more of the shares of the Fund or of such Portfolio present at a shareholder’s meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund or of such Portfolio are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy.

TEMPORARY DEFENSIVE POSITION

Each Portfolio may, from time to time, take a temporary defensive position in seeking to minimize extreme volatility caused by adverse market, economic, political, or other conditions, or in anticipation of significant withdrawals. When it is believed that market conditions warrant a temporary defensive position, a Portfolio may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents, including, but not limited to, prime commercial paper, bank certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, or repurchase agreements for such securities, and securities of the US Government and its agencies and instrumentalities, as well as cash and cash equivalents denominated in foreign currencies. A Portfolio’s investments in foreign cash equivalents will be limited to those that are believed to equate generally to the standards established for US cash equivalents.

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

The portfolio turnover rates for each Portfolio are calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the year by the monthly average of the value of the portfolio securities owned during the year. Securities whose maturity or expiration date at the time of acquisition was one year or less are excluded from the calculation. The Portfolio’s portfolio turnover rate will not be a limiting factor when the Portfolio deems it desirable to sell or purchase securities. The portfolio turnover rates for each Portfolio for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:

 

     Portfolio
Turnover
 

Portfolio

   2009     2008  

Capital

     144     240

Common Stock

     77        131   

Communications and Information

     147        129   

Global Technology

     153        161   

International Growth

     327        365   

Investment Grade Fixed Income

     284 (a)      232   

Large-Cap Value

     39        18   

Smaller-Cap Value

     8        14   

 

(a) Includes mortgage dollar rolls. If mortgage dollar roll transactions were excluded, the portfolio turnover would have been 249% for the year ended Dec. 31, 2009.

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

Each fund’s Board and the investment manager believe that the investment ideas of the investment manager and any subadviser with respect to portfolio management of a fund should benefit the fund and its shareholders, and do not want to afford speculators an opportunity to profit by anticipating fund trading strategies or by using fund portfolio holdings information for stock picking. However, each fund’s Board also believes that knowledge of the fund’s portfolio holdings can assist shareholders in monitoring their investments, making asset allocation decisions, and evaluating portfolio management techniques.

Each fund’s Board has therefore adopted policies and procedures relating to disclosure of the fund’s portfolio securities. These policies and procedures are intended to protect the confidentiality of fund portfolio holdings information and generally prohibit the release of such information until such information is made public, unless such persons have been authorized to receive such information on a selective basis, as described below. It is the policy of the fund not to provide or permit others to provide portfolio holdings on a selective basis, and the investment manager does not intend to selectively disclose portfolio holdings or expect that such holdings information will be selectively disclosed, except where necessary for the fund’s operation or where there are legitimate business purposes for doing so and, in any case, where conditions are met that are designed to protect the interests of the fund and its shareholders.

Although the investment manager seeks to limit the selective disclosure of portfolio holdings information and such selective disclosure is monitored under the fund’s compliance program for conformity with the policies and procedures, there can be no assurance that these policies will protect the fund from the potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information. Under no circumstances may the investment manager, its affiliates or any employee thereof receive any consideration or compensation for disclosing such holdings information.

 

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Public Disclosures

The funds’ portfolio holdings are currently disclosed to the public through filings with the SEC and postings on the funds’ website. The information is available on the funds’ website as described below.

 

   

For Equity and Balanced funds, a complete list of fund portfolio holdings as of month-end are posted on the website on a monthly basis approximately, but no earlier than, 15 calendar days after each month-end. The four most recent consecutive monthly disclosures remain posted for each fund. Such portfolio holdings information posted on the website includes the name of each portfolio security, number of shares held by the fund, value of the security and the security’s percentage of the market value of the fund’s portfolio as of month-end.

 

   

For Fixed Income funds, a complete list of fund portfolio holdings as of calendar quarter-end are posted on the website on a quarterly basis approximately, but no earlier than, 30 calendar days after such quarter-end, and remain posted at least until the date on which the fund files its Form N-CSR or Form N-Q with the SEC for the subsequent fiscal period. Fixed income fund portfolio holdings information posted on the website shall include the name of each portfolio security, maturity/rate, par value and the security’s percentage of the market value of the fund’s portfolio as of calendar quarter-end.

 

   

For Money Market funds, a complete list of fund portfolio holdings as of month-end are posted on the website on a monthly basis, approximately five business days after such month-end. Commencing with the month-end holdings as of September 2010 and thereafter, such month-end holdings will be continuously available on the website for at least six months, together with a link to an SEC webpage where a user of the website may obtain access to the fund’s most recent 12 months of publicly available filings on Form N-MFP. Additionally, as of September 2010 and thereafter, Money Market fund portfolio holdings information posted on the website will, at minimum, include with respect to each holding, the name of the issuer, the category of investment (e.g., Treasury debt, government agency debt, asset backed commercial paper, structured investment vehicle note), the CUSIP number (if any), the principal amount, the maturity date (as determined under Rule 2a-7 for purposes of calculating weighted average maturity), the final maturity date (if different from the maturity date previously described), coupon or yield and the amortized cost value. The Money Market funds will also disclose on the website the overall weighted average maturity and weighted average life maturity of a holding and any other information that may be required by the SEC.

Portfolio holdings of funds owned solely by affiliates of the investment manager may not be disclosed on the website. A complete schedule of each fund’s portfolio holdings is available semi-annually and annually in shareholder reports filed on Form N-CSR and, after the first and third fiscal quarters, in regulatory filings on Form N-Q. These shareholder reports and regulatory filings are filed with the SEC in accordance with federal securities laws and are generally available on the SEC’s website within sixty (60) days of the end of a fund’s fiscal quarter.

In addition, the investment manager makes publicly available information regarding certain fund’s largest five to fifteen holdings, as a percent of the market value of the funds’ portfolios as of a month-end. This holdings information is made publicly available through the websites (riversource.com/funds for RiverSource and Threadneedle funds and seligman.com for Seligman funds), approximately fifteen (15) days following the month-end. The scope of the information that is made available on the funds’ websites pursuant to the funds’ policies may change from time to time without prior notice.

Other Disclosures

The funds’ policies and procedures provide that no disclosures of the funds’ portfolio holdings may be made prior to the portfolio holdings information being made public unless (i) the funds have a legitimate business purpose for making such disclosure, (ii) the funds or their authorized agents authorize such non-public disclosure of information, and (iii) the party receiving the non-public information enters into an appropriate confidentiality agreement or is otherwise subject to a confidentiality obligation.

In determining the existence of a legitimate business purpose for making portfolio disclosures, the following factors, among others, are considered: (i) any prior disclosure must be consistent with the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws and the fiduciary duties of the investment manager; (ii) any conflicts of interest between the interests of fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the investment manager, the funds’ distributor or any affiliated person of a fund, the investment manager or distributor on the other; and (iii) any prior disclosure to a third party, although subject to a confidentiality agreement, would not make conduct lawful that is otherwise unlawful.

In addition, the funds periodically disclose their portfolio information on a confidential basis to various service providers that require such information to assist the funds with their day-to-day business affairs. These service providers include each fund’s sub-advisor(s) (if any), affiliates of the investment manager, the funds’ custodian, sub-custodians, the funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, legal counsel, financial printers, proxy solicitor and proxy voting service provider, as well as ratings agencies that maintain ratings on certain funds. These service providers are required to keep such

 

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information confidential, and are prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the funds. The funds also may disclose portfolio holdings information to broker/dealers and certain other entities in connection with potential transactions and management of the funds, provided that reasonable precautions, including limitations on the scope of the portfolio holdings information disclosed, are taken to avoid any potential misuse of the disclosed information.

The fund also discloses holdings information as required by federal, state or international securities laws, and may disclose holdings information in response to requests by governmental authorities, or in connection with litigation or potential litigation, a restructuring of a holding, where such disclosure is necessary to participate or explore participation in a restructuring of the holding (e.g., as part of a bondholder group), or to the issuer of a holding, pursuant to a request of the issuer or any other party who is duly authorized by the issuer.

Each fund’s Board has adopted policies to ensure that the fund’s holdings information is only disclosed in accordance with these policies. Before any selective disclosure of holdings information is permitted, the person seeking to disclose such holdings information must submit a written request to the Portfolio Holdings Committee (“PHC”). The PHC is comprised of members from the investment manager’s legal department, Compliance, and the funds’ President. The PHC has been authorized by each fund’s Board to perform an initial review of requests for disclosure of holdings information to evaluate whether there is a legitimate business purpose for selective disclosure, whether selective disclosure is in the best interests of a fund and its shareholders, to consider any potential conflicts of interest between the fund, the investment manager, and its affiliates, and to safeguard against improper use of holdings information. Factors considered in this analysis are whether the recipient has agreed to or has a duty to keep the holdings information confidential and whether risks have been mitigated such that the recipient has agreed or has a duty to use the holdings information only as necessary to effectuate the purpose for which selective disclosure was authorized, including a duty not to trade on such information. Before portfolio holdings may be selectively disclosed, requests approved by the PHC must also be authorized by either the fund’s President, Chief Compliance Officer or General Counsel or their respective designees. On at least an annual basis, the PHC reviews the approved recipients of selective disclosure and may require a resubmission of the request, in order to re-authorize certain ongoing arrangements. These procedures are intended to be reasonably designed to protect the confidentiality of fund holdings information and to prohibit their release to individual investors, institutional investors, intermediaries that distribute the fund’s shares, and other parties, until such holdings information is made public or unless such persons have been authorized to receive such holdings information on a selective basis, as set forth above.

Although the investment manager has set up these procedures to monitor and control selective disclosure of holdings information, there can be no assurance that these procedures will protect a fund from the potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information.

The funds currently have ongoing arrangements with certain approved recipients with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings information prior to such information being made public. Portfolio holdings information disclosed to such recipients is current as of the time of its disclosure, is disclosed to each recipient solely for purposes consistent with the services described below and has been authorized in accordance with the policy. These special arrangements are described in the table below.

Ongoing Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Arrangements:

In addition to the daily information provided to the fund’s custodians, subcustodians, administrator and investment advisers, the following disclosure arrangements are in place:

 

Identity of recipient

  

Conditions/restrictions on use of information

   Frequency
of disclosure

Bitlathe

   Website support for fund performance disclosure    Monthly

BlackRock, Inc.

   For providing trading operations and portfolio management support.    Daily

Bloomberg, L.P.

   For independent research of funds. Sent monthly, approximately 30 days after month end.    Monthly

Bowne & Co.

   For printing of proxies and annual updates to prospectuses and SAIs.    As needed

Cenveo, Inc.

   For printing of prospectuses, supplements, SAIs and shareholder reports.    As needed

Factset Research Systems

   For provision of quantitative analytics, charting and fundamental data to the investment manager.    Daily

 

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Identity of recipient

  

Conditions/restrictions on use of information

   Frequency
of disclosure

Investment Technology Group, Inc. (ITG, formerly known as Plexus Group)

   For evaluation and assessment of trading activity, execution and practices by the investment manager.    Daily

InvestorTools, Inc.

   Provide descriptive data for municipal securities    Daily

Morningstar, Inc.

   For independent research and ranking of funds. Sent monthly, approximately 25 days after month end.    Monthly

RiskMetrics Group (formerly Institutional Shareholder Services)

   Proxy voting administration and research on proxy matters.    Daily

Thomson Reuters Corp. (Lipper)

   Information provided monthly with a 30 day lag to assure accuracy of Lipper Fact Sheets.    Monthly

Management of the Fund

Board Members and Officers

Shareholders elect a Board that oversees the Funds’ operations. The Board appoints officers who are responsible for day-to-day business decisions based on policies set by the Board.

On November 7, 2008, RiverSource Investments, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, announced the closing of its Acquisition of Seligman. With the Acquisition completed and shareholders having previously elected (at special meetings held on November 3, 2008) ten new directors (collectively, the “New Board Members”), the New Board Members took office on November 7, 2008. The New Board Members are Kathleen Blatz, Arne H. Carlson, Pamela G. Carlton, Patricia M. Flynn, Anne P. Jones, Jeffrey Laikind, Stephen R. Lewis, Jr. (Chairman), Catherine James Paglia, Alison Taunton-Rigby and William F. Truscott. The New Board Members also became directors/trustees of the other Seligman funds in November 2008 and also serve as directors/trustees of the other funds in the RiverSource Family of Funds. Messrs. Leroy C. Richie and John F. Maher, who were members of the Board prior to November 7, 2008, have continued to serve on the Board after the Acquisition, which has resulted in an overall increase from ten directors to 12 directors.

Information with respect to the members of the Board is shown below. Each member oversees 126 funds in the RiverSource Family of Funds managed by RiverSource Investments. Under current Board policy, members may serve until the next regular shareholders’ meeting, until he or she reaches the mandatory retirement age established by the Board or the fifteenth anniversary of the first Board meeting they attended as members of the Board.

Independent Board Members

 

Name, address, age

  

Position with fund

and length of

time served

  

Principal occupation
during last five years

   Other present
or past
directorships
(within past 5 years)
  

Committee

memberships

Kathleen Blatz

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 54

  

Board member

since November 7, 2008

  

Attorney; Chief Justice, Minnesota

Supreme Court, 1998-2006

   None   

Board Governance, Compliance, Investment

Review, Audit

Arne H. Carlson

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 74

  

Board member

since November 7, 2008

  

Chair, RiverSource Funds, 1999-2006;

former Governor of Minnesota

   None   

Board Governance, Compliance, Contracts,

Executive, Investment Review

Pamela G. Carlton

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 54

  

Board member

since November 7, 2008

  

President, Springboard-Partners in Cross

Cultural Leadership (consulting

company)

   None    Distribution, Investment Review, Audit

 

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Name, address, age

  

Position with fund

and length of

time served

  

Principal occupation
during last five years

   Other present
or past
directorships
(within past 5 years)
  

Committee

memberships

Patricia M. Flynn

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 58

  

Board member

since November 7, 2008

  

Trustee Professor of Economics and

Management, Bentley University; Former

Dean, McCallum Graduate School of

Business, Bentley University

   None   

Board Governance, Contracts, Investment

Review

Anne P. Jones

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 74

  

Board member

since November 7, 2008

   Attorney and Consultant    None   

Board Governance, Compliance, Executive,

Investment Review, Audit

Jeffrey Laikind, CFA

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 73

  

Board member

since November 7, 2008

  

Former Managing Director, Shikiar Asset

Management

   American
Progressive
Insurance and

Hapoalim Securities
USA, Inc.

  

Distribution, Executive, Investment

Review, Audit

Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 70

  

Board member

and Chair of Board since November 7, 2008

  

President Emeritus and Professor of

Economics, Carleton College

   Valmont Industries,
Inc. (manufactures

irrigation systems)

  

Board Governance, Compliance, Contracts,

Executive, Investment Review

John F. Maher

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 67

  

Board member

since 2006

  

Retired President and Chief Executive

Officer and former Director, Great

Western Financial Corporation (financial

services), 1986-1997

   None    Distribution, Investment Review, Audit

Catherine James Paglia

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 56

  

Board member

since November 7, 2008

  

Director, Enterprise Asset Management,

Inc. (private real estate and asset

management company)

   None   

Board Governance, Compliance, Contracts,

Executive, Investment Review

Leroy C. Richie

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 66

  

Board member

since 2000

  

Counsel, Lewis & Munday, P.C. (law

firm) since 1987; and Vice President and

General Counsel, Automotive Legal

Affairs, Chrysler Corporation, 1990-1997

   Digital Ally, Inc.
(digital imaging);

Infinity, Inc. (oil and
gas exploration

and production); and,
OGE Energy Corp.

(energy and energy
services)

  

Contracts, Distribution, Investment

Review

Alison Taunton-Rigby

901 S. Marquette Ave.

Minneapolis, MN 55402

Age 66

  

Board member

since November 7, 2008

  

Chief Executive Officer and Director,

RiboNovix, Inc. since 2003 (biotechnology); former President,

Forester Biotech

   Idera
Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(biotechnology);
Healthways, Inc.
(health management
programs)
  

Contracts, Distribution, Executive,

Investment Review

 

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Board Member Affiliated With the Investment Manager*

 

Name, address, age

  

Positions held with

funds and

length of service

  

Principal occupation

during past five years

   Other present
or past
directorships
(within past 5 years)
   Committee
memberships

William F. Truscott

53600 Ameriprise

Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN

55474

Age 49

   Board member since 11/7/01, Vice President since 2002    Chairman of the Board, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly RiverSource Investments, LLC) since May 2010 (previously President, Chairman of the Board and Chief Investment Officer, 2001-April 2010); Chief Executive Officer, U.S. Asset Management & President, Annuities, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since May 2010 (previously President – U.S. Asset Management and Chief Investment Officer, 2005-April 2010 and Senior Vice President – Chief Investment Officer, 2001-2005); Director, President and Chief Executive Officer, Ameriprise Certificate Company since 2006; Director, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) since May 2010 (previously Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, 2008-April 2010; Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. since 2006; former Chief Investment Officer and Managing Director, Zurich Scudder Investments    None    None
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           
           

 

* Interested person (as defined under the 1940 Act) by reason of being an officer, director, security holder and/or employee of the investment manager and Ameriprise Financial.

The Board has appointed officers who are responsible for day-to-day business decisions based on policies it has established. The officers serve at the pleasure of the Board. In addition to Mr. Truscott, who is Vice President, the other officers are:

Fund Officers*

 

Name, address, age

  

Position held

with funds and

length of service

  

Principal occupation

during past five years

J. Kevin Connaughton

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 46

   President since 5/1/10    Senior Vice President and General Manager – Mutual Fund Products, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC since May 2010; Managing Director of Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, December 2004-April 2010; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Columbia Funds, June 2008-January 2009; Treasurer, Columbia Funds, October 2003-May 2008; Treasurer, the Liberty Funds, Stein Roe Funds and Liberty All-Star Funds, December 2000-December 2006; Senior Vice President – Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, April 2003-December 2004; President, Columbia Funds, Liberty Funds and Stein Roe Funds, February 2004-October 2004

Amy K. Johnson

5228 Ameriprise Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

Age 44

   Vice President since 12/5/06    Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly RiverSource Investments, LLC) since May 2010 (previously Chief Administrative Officer, 2009-April 2010 and Vice President – Asset Management and Trust Company Services, 2006-2009 and Vice President – Operations and Compliance, 2004-2006); Director of Product Development – Mutual Funds, Ameriprise Financial, Inc., 2001-2004

 

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Name, address, age

  

Position held

with funds and

length of service

  

Principal occupation

during past five years

Jeffrey P. Fox

105 Ameriprise Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

Age 54

   Treasurer since 7/10/02    Vice President, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly RiverSource Investments, LLC) since May 2010; Chief Financial Officer, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) and of Seligman Data Corp. since 2008; Vice President — Investment Accounting, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since 2002; Chief Financial Officer, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. since 2006

Scott R. Plummer

5228 Ameriprise Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

Age 50

  

Vice President, General Counsel and

Secretary since 12/5/06

   Chief Legal Officer and Assistant Secretary, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (formerly RiverSource Investments, LLC) since June 2005; Vice President and Lead Chief Counsel — Asset Management, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since May 2010 (previously Vice President and Chief Counsel — Asset Management, 2005-April 2010 and Vice President — Asset Management Compliance, 2004-2005); Vice President, Chief Counsel and Assistant Secretary, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) since 2008; Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, Ameriprise Certificate Company since 2005; Chief Counsel, RiverSource Distributors, Inc. since 2006; Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer, USBancorp Asset Management, 2002-2004

Mike Jones

100 Federal Street

Boston, MN 02110

Age 51

   Vice President since 5/1/10    Director and President, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC since May 2010; President and Director, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. since May 2010; Manager, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President, Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, 2007-April 2010; Chief Executive Officer, President and Director, Columbia Management Distributors, Inc., 2006-April 2010; former Co-President and Senior Managing Director, Robeco Investment Management

Colin Moore

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 52

   Vice President since 5/1/10    Director and Chief Investment Officer, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC since May 2010; Manager, Managing Director and Chief Investment Officer, Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, 2007-April 2010; Head of Equities, Columbia Management Advisors, LLC, 2002-Sept. 2007

Linda Wondrack

One Financial Center

Boston, MA 02111

Age 46

   Chief Compliance Officer since 5/1/10    Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC since May 2010; Director (Columbia Management Group, LLC and Investment Product Group Compliance), Bank of America, June 2005-April 2010; Director of Corporate Compliance and Conflicts Officer, MFS Investment Management (investment management), August 2004-May 2005

Neysa M. Alecu

2934 Ameriprise Financial Center

Minneapolis, MN 55474

Age 46

  

Money Laundering Prevention Officer

since 11/9/05 and Identity Theft

Prevention Officer since 2008

  

Vice President — Compliance, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since 2008; Anti-Money Laundering Officer and Identity Theft Prevention Officer, Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (formerly RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.) since 2008; Anti-Money Laundering Officer, Ameriprise Financial, Inc. since 2005; Compliance Director, Ameriprise

Financial, Inc., 2004-2008

 

* All officers are elected annually by the Board of Directors and serve until their successors are elected and qualify or their earlier resignation.

 

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Responsibilities of Board with respect to fund management

The Board is chaired by an Independent Director who has significant additional responsibilities compared to the other Board members, including, among other things: setting the agenda for Board meetings, communicating and meeting regularly with Board members between Board and committee meetings on fund-related matters with the funds’ Chief Compliance Officer, counsel to the Independent Directors, and representatives of the funds’ service providers and overseeing Board Services. The Board initially approves an Investment Management Services Agreement and other contracts with the investment manager and its affiliates, and other service providers. Once the contracts are approved, the Board monitors the level and quality of services including commitments of service providers to achieve expected levels of investment performance and shareholder services. In addition, the Board oversees that processes are in place to assure compliance with applicable rules, regulations and investment policies and addresses possible conflicts of interest. Annually, the Board evaluates the services received under the contracts by receiving reports covering investment performance, shareholder services, marketing, and the investment manager’s profitability in order to determine whether to continue existing contracts or negotiate new contracts. The Board also oversees fund risks, primarily through the functions (described below) performed by the Investment Review Committee, the Audit Committee and the Compliance Committee.

Committees of the Board

The Board has organized the following standing committees to facilitate its work: Board Governance Committee, Compliance Committee, Contracts Committee, Distribution Committee, Executive Committee, Investment Review Committee and Audit Committee. These Committees are comprised solely of Independent Directors (persons who are not “interested persons” of the fund as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. The table above describing each Director also includes their respective committee memberships. The duties of these committees are described below.

Mr. Lewis, as Chair of the Board, acts as a point of contact between the Independent Directors and the investment manager between Board meetings in respect of general matters.

Board Governance Committee — Recommends to the Board the size, structure and composition of the Board and its committees; the compensation to be paid to members of the Board; and a process for evaluating the Board’s performance. The committee also reviews candidates for Board membership including candidates recommended by shareholders. The committee also makes recommendations to the Board regarding responsibilities and duties of the Board, oversees proxy voting and supports the work of the Board Chair in relation to furthering the interests of the Funds and their shareholders on external matters.

To be considered as a candidate for director, recommendations must include a curriculum vitae and be mailed to the Chair of the Board, RiverSource Family of Funds, 901 Marquette Avenue South, Suite 2810, Minneapolis, MN 55402-3268. To be timely for consideration by the committee, the submission, including all required information, must be submitted in writing not less than 120 days before the date of the proxy statement for the previous year’s annual meeting of stockholders, if such a meeting is held. The committee will consider only one candidate submitted by such a shareholder or group for nomination for election at a meeting of shareholders. The committee will not consider self-nominated candidates or candidates nominated by members of a candidate’s family, including such candidate’s spouse, children, parents, uncles, aunts, grandparents, nieces and nephews.

The committee will consider and evaluate candidates submitted by the nominating shareholder or group on the basis of the same criteria as those used to consider and evaluate candidates submitted from other sources. The committee may take into account a wide variety of factors in considering director candidates, including (but not limited to): (i) the candidate’s knowledge in matters relating to the investment company industry; (ii) any experience possessed by the candidate as a director or senior officer of other public or private companies; (iii) the candidate’s educational background; (iv) the candidate’s reputation for high ethical standards and personal and professional integrity; (v) any specific financial, technical or other expertise possessed by the candidate, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Board’s existing mix of skills and qualifications; (vi) the candidate’s perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board, including the candidate’s ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly, work collaboratively with other members of the Board and carry out his or her duties in the best interests of the fund; (vii) the candidate’s ability to qualify as an independent director; and (viii) such other criteria as the committee determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board and any anticipated vacancies or other factors.

Members of the committee (and/or the Board) also meet personally with each nominee to evaluate the candidate’s ability to work effectively with other members of the Board, while also exercising independent judgment. Although the Board does not have a formal diversity policy, the Board endeavors to comprise itself of members with a broad mix of professional and personal backgrounds. Thus, the committee and the Board accorded particular weight to the individual professional background of each Independent Director, as encapsulated in their bios included in the above table.

 

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The Board believes that the funds are well-served by a Board, the membership of which consists of persons that represent a broad mix of professional and personal backgrounds. In considering nominations, the Committee takes the following matrix into account in assessing how a candidate’s professional background would fit into the mix of experiences represented by the then-current Board.

 

          PROFESSIONAL BACKGROUND - 2010

Name

   Geographic    For Profit;
CIO/CFO;
CEO/COO
   Non-Profit;
Government;
CEO
   Investment    Legal;
Regulatory
   Political    Academic    Distribution;
Marketing
   Audit
Committee;
Financial
Expert

Blatz

   MN       X       X    X         

Carlson

   MN       X          X         

Carlton

   NY          X    X             X

Flynn

   MA                   X      

Jones

   MD             X             X

Laikind

   NY    X       X             X    X

Lewis

   MN       X             X      

Maher

   CT    X       X                X

Paglia

   NY    X       X                X

Richie

   MI    X          X            

Taunton-Rigby

   MA    X       X                X

With respect to the directorship of Mr. Truscott, who is not an Independent Director, the committee and the Board have concluded that having a senior member of the investment manager serve on the Board can facilitate the Independent Directors’ increased access to information regarding the funds’ investment manager, which is the funds’ most significant service provider.

Compliance Committee — This committee supports the Fund’s maintenance of a strong compliance program by providing a forum for independent Board members to consider compliance matters impacting the Corporation or its key service providers; developing and implementing, in coordination with the Fund’s Chief CCO, a process for the review and consideration of compliance reports that are provided to the Board; and providing a designated forum for the Fund’s CCO to meet with independent Board members on a regular basis to discuss compliance matters. This committee held 5 meetings during the last fiscal year.

Contracts Committee — This committee reviews and oversees the contractual relationships with service providers and receives and analyzes reports covering the level and quality of services provided under contracts with the Fund. It also advises the Board regarding actions taken on these contracts during the annual review process. The committee held 6 meetings during the last fiscal year.

Distribution Committee — This committee reviews and supports product development, marketing, sales activity and practices related to the Portfolios, and reports to the Board as appropriate. The committee held 4 meetings during the last fiscal year.

Executive Committee — This committee acts for the Board between meetings of the Board. The committee held 2 meetings during the last fiscal year.

Investment Review Committee — This committee reviews and oversees the management of the Portfolios’ assets and considers investment management policies and strategies; investment performance; risk management techniques; and securities trading practices and reports areas of concern to the Board. The committee held 6 meetings during the last fiscal year.

Audit Committee — This committee oversees the accounting and financial reporting processes of the Fund and internal controls over financial reporting and oversees the quality and integrity of the Fund’s financial statements and independent audits as well as the Fund’s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements relating to the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting, internal controls over financial reporting and independent audits. The committee also makes recommendations regarding the selection of the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm and reviews and evaluates the qualifications, independence and performance of such firm. The committee oversees the funds’ risks by, among other things, meeting with the funds’ internal auditors, establishing procedures for the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of concerns about accounting or audit matters, and overseeing the funds’ Disclosure Controls and Procedures. This committee operates pursuant to a written charter. The committee held 6 meetings during the last fiscal year.

 

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Procedures for Communications to the Board of Directors

The Board of Directors has adopted a process for shareholders to send communications to the Board. To communicate with the Board of Directors or an individual Director, a shareholder must send written communications to Board Services Corporation, 901 Marquette Avenue South, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402, addressed to the Board of Directors of the Fund or the individual Director. All shareholder communications received in accordance with this process will be forwarded to the Board of Directors or the individual Director.

BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP OF SHARES

The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned on Dec. 31, 2009 of all funds overseen by the Board members. The Portfolios are available only to participating insurance companies to fund benefits of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts and, in respect of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio Class 2 shares, also to certain qualified pension and retirement plans. As such, a direct ownership of shares in the Portfolios is not available to individual investors, including the Directors.

 

Name

  

Aggregate dollar range of shares

owned by director in the

RiverSource Family of Funds

INDEPENDENT BOARD MEMBERS

  

Kathleen Blatz

   Over $100,000

Arne H. Carlson

   Over $100,000

Pamela G. Carlton

     Over $100,000*

Patricia M. Flynn

   $50,000 –$100,000

Anne P. Jones

   Over $100,000

Jeffrey Laikind

   Over $100,000

Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.

     Over $100,000*

John F. Maher

     Over $100,000*

Catherine James Paglia

     Over $100,000*

Leroy C. Richie

     Over $100,000*

Alison Taunton-Rigby

   Over $100,000

AFFILIATED BOARD MEMBERS

  

William F. Truscott

   Over $100,000

 

* Total includes deferred compensation invested in share equivalents.

COMPENSATION

Total Directors’ fees paid by the Fund to the current independent Directors for the year ended December 31, 2009 were as follows:

 

Name

   Total cash  compensation
from RiverSource Funds
Paid to directors
 

Kathleen Blatz

   $ 172,500   

Arne H. Carlson

     177,500   

Pamela G. Carlton

     160,000 (a) 

Patricia M. Flynn(a)

     165,000 (a) 

Anne P. Jones

     172,500   

Jeffrey Laikind

     160,000   

Stephen R. Lewis, Jr.(a)

     400,000 (a) 

John F. Maher(a)

     155,000 (a) 

Catherine James Paglia(a)

     177,500   

Leroy C. Richie

     165,000   

Alison Taunton-Rigby

     165,000   

 

(a) Ms. Carlton, Ms. Flynn, Mr. Lewis and Mr. Maher elected to defer a portion of the total compensation payable during the period in the amount of $64,000, $49,500, $60,000 and $155,000, respectively (none of which was in respect of the Fund).

 

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The Independent Directors determine the amount of compensation that they receive, including the amount paid to the Chair of the Board. In determining compensation for the Independent Directors, the Independent Directors take into account a variety of factors including, among other things, their collective significant work experience (e.g., in business and finance, government or academia). The Independent Directors also recognize that these individuals’ advice and counsel are in demand by other organizations, that these individuals may reject other opportunities because the time demands of their duties as Independent Directors, and that they undertake significant legal responsibilities. The Independent Directors also consider the compensation paid to independent board members of other mutual fund complexes of comparable size. In determining the compensation paid to the Chair, the Independent Directors take into account, among other things, the Chair’s significant additional responsibilities (e.g., setting the agenda for Board meetings, communicating or meeting regularly with the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer, Counsel to the Independent Directors, and the Funds’ service providers) which result in a significantly greater time commitment required of the Board Chair. The Chair’s compensation, therefore, has generally been set at a level between 2.5 and 3 times the level of compensation paid to other independent Board members.

Effective Jan. 1, 2010, independent Board members are paid an annual retainer of $125,000. Committee and sub- committee Chairs each receive an additional annual retainer of $5,000. In addition, independent Board members are paid the following fees for attending Board and committee meetings: $5,000 per day of in-person Board meetings and $2,500 per day of in-person committee or sub-committee meetings (if such meetings are not held on the same day as a Board meeting). Independent Board members are not paid for special meetings conducted by telephone. In 2010, the Board’s Chair will receive total annual cash compensation of $430,000.

The Independent Directors may elect to defer payment of up to 100% of the compensation they receive in accordance with a Deferred Compensation Plan (the Deferred Plan). Under the Deferred Plan, a Board member may elect to have his or her deferred compensation treated as if they had been invested in shares of one or more funds in the RiverSource Family of Funds and the amount paid to the Board member under the Deferred Plan will be determined based on the performance of such investments. Distributions may be taken in a lump sum or over a period of years. The Deferred Plan will remain unfunded for federal income tax purposes under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. It is anticipated that deferral of Board member compensation in accordance with the Deferred Plan will have, at most, a negligible impact on fund assets and liabilities.

Compensation from each fund. The following table shows the compensation paid to independent Board members from each fund during the fiscal year ended Dec. 31, 2009.

 

      Aggregate Compensation from Fund  

Fund

   Blatz      Carlson      Carlton      Flynn      Jones      Laikind      Lewis      Maher      Paglia      Richie      Taunton-
Rigby
 

Capital — total

     17         18         16         16         17         16         39         15         17         16         16   

Amount deferred

     0         0         6         5         0         0         6         15         0         0         0   

Common Stock — total

     6         6         6         6         6         6         15         6         7         6         6   

Amount deferred

     0         0         2         2         0         0         2         6         0         0         0   

Communications and Information — total

     110         113         102         105         110         102         253         99         113         105         105   

Amount deferred

     0         0         41         32         0         0         38         99         0         0         0   

Global Technology — total

     13         13         12         13         13         12         30         12         13         12         12   

Amount deferred

     0         0         5         4         0         0         4         12         0         0         0   

International Growth — total

     4         4         4         4         4         4         9         3         4         4         4   

Amount deferred

     0         0         1         1         0         0         1         3         0         0         0   

Investment Grade Fixed Income — total

     5         5         4         4         5         4         11         4         5         4         4   

Amount deferred

     0         0         2         1         0         0         2         4         0         0         0   

Large-Cap Value — total

     5         5         4         5         5         4         11         4         5         5         5   

Amount deferred

     0         0         2         1         0         0         2         4         0         0         0   

Smaller-Cap Value — total

     211         216         196         201         211         196         485         189         216         201         201   

Amount deferred

     0         0         78         60         0         0         73         189         0         0         0   

 

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Code of Ethics

RiverSource Investments

The funds in the RiverSource Family of Funds, RiverSource Investments, the investment manager for the funds and the distributor have each adopted a Code of Ethics (collectively, the “Codes”) and related procedures reasonably designed to prevent violations of Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. The Codes contain provisions reasonably necessary to prevent a fund’s access persons from engaging in any conduct prohibited by paragraph (b) of Rule 17j-1, which indicates that it is unlawful for any affiliated person of or principal underwriter for a fund, or any affiliated person of an investment adviser of or principal underwriter for a fund, in connection with the purchase or sale, directly or indirectly, by the person of a security held or to be acquired by a fund (i) to employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud a fund; (ii) to make any untrue statement of a material fact to a fund or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made to a fund, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading; (iii) to engage in any act, practice or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit on a fund; or (iv) to engage in any manipulative practice with respect to a fund. The Codes prohibit affiliated personnel from engaging in personal investment activities that compete with or attempt to take advantage of planned portfolio transactions for the fund.

Wellington Management

Wellington Management, subadviser for the Subadvised Portfolio, has adopted its own Code of Ethics meeting the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, which permits personnel covered by the rule to invest in securities that may be purchased or held by the Subadvised Portfolio. The Fund’s Board of Directors reviews the Code of Ethics of Wellington Management at least annually and receives certifications from Wellington Management regarding compliance with such Code of Ethics annually.

Proxy Voting Policies

GENERAL GUIDELINES, POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

The funds in the RiverSource Family of Funds uphold a long tradition of supporting sound and principled corporate governance. The Board, which consists of a majority of independent Board members, determines policies and votes proxies. The funds’ investment manager, RiverSource Investments, and the funds’ administrator, Ameriprise Financial, provide support to the Board in connection with the proxy voting process.

GENERAL GUIDELINES

Corporate Governance Matters — The Board supports proxy proposals that it believes are tied to the interests of shareholders and votes against proxy proposals that appear to entrench management. For example:

 

   

The Board generally votes in favor of proposals for an independent chairman or, if the chairman is not independent, in favor of a lead independent director.

 

   

The Board supports annual election of all directors and proposals to eliminate classes of directors.

 

   

In a routine election of directors, the Board will generally vote with management’s recommendations because the Board believes that management and nominating committees of independent directors are in the best position to know what qualifications are required of directors to form an effective board. However, the Board will generally vote against a nominee who has been assigned to the audit, compensation, or nominating committee if the nominee is not independent of management based on established criteria. The Board will also withhold support for any director who fails to attend 75% of meetings or has other activities that appear to interfere with his or her ability to commit sufficient attention to the company and, in general, will vote against nominees who are determined to have been involved in options backdating.

 

   

The Board generally supports proposals requiring director nominees to receive a majority of affirmative votes cast in order to be elected to the board, and opposes cumulative voting based on the view that each director elected should represent the interests of all shareholders.

 

   

Votes in a contested election of directors are evaluated on a case-by-case basis. In general, the Board believes that incumbent management and nominating committees, with access to more and better information, are in the best position to make strategic business decisions. However, the Board will consider an opposing slate if it makes a compelling business case for leading the company in a new direction.

 

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Shareholder Rights Plans — The Board generally supports shareholder rights plans based on a belief that such plans force uninvited bidders to negotiate with a company’s board. The Board believes these negotiations allow time for the company to maximize value for shareholders by forcing a higher premium from a bidder, attracting a better bid from a competing bidder or allowing the company to pursue its own strategy for enhancing shareholder value. The Board supports proposals to submit shareholder rights plans to shareholders and supports limiting the vote required for approval of such plans to a majority of the votes cast.

Auditors — The Board values the independence of auditors based on established criteria. The Board supports a reasonable review of matters that may raise concerns regarding an auditor’s service that may cause the Board to vote against a management recommendation, including, for example, auditor involvement in significant financial restatements, options backdating, material weaknesses in control, attempts to limit auditor liability or situations where independence has been compromised.

Stock Option Plans and Other Management Compensation Issues — The Board expects company management to give thoughtful consideration to providing competitive long-term employee incentives directly tied to the interest of shareholders. The Board votes against proxy proposals that it believes dilute shareholder value excessively. The Board believes that equity compensation awards can be a useful tool, when not abused, for retaining employees and giving them incentives to engage in conduct that will improve the performance of the company. In this regard, the Board generally favors minimum holding periods of stock obtained by senior management pursuant to an option plan and will vote against compensation plans for executives that it deems excessive.

Social and Corporate Policy Issues — The Board believes proxy proposals should address the business interests of the corporation. Shareholder proposals sometime seek to have the company disclose or amend certain business practices based purely on social or environmental issues rather than compelling business arguments. In general, the Board recognizes our fund shareholders are likely to have differing views of social and environmental issues and believes that these matters are primarily the responsibility of a company’s management and its board of directors.

POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

The policy of the Board is to vote all proxies of the companies in which a fund holds investments. Because of the volume and complexity of the proxy voting process, including inherent inefficiencies in the process that are outside the control of the Board or the Proxy Team (below), not all proxies may be voted. The Board has implemented policies and procedures that have been reasonably designed to vote proxies and to ensure that there are no conflicts between interests of a fund’s shareholders and those of the funds’ principal underwriters, RiverSource Investments, or other affiliated persons. In exercising its proxy voting responsibilities, the Board may rely upon the research or recommendations of one or more third party service providers.

The administration of the proxy voting process is handled by the RiverSource Proxy Administration Team (“Proxy Team”). In exercising its responsibilities, the Proxy Team may rely upon one or more third party service providers. The Proxy Team assists the Board in identifying situations where its guidelines do not clearly require a vote in a particular manner and assists in researching matters and making voting recommendations. RiverSource Investments may recommend that a proxy be voted in a manner contrary to the Board’s guidelines. In making recommendations to the Board about voting on a proposal, the investment manager relies on its own investment personnel (or the investment personnel of a fund’s subadviser(s)) and information obtained from an independent research firm. The investment manager makes the recommendation in writing. The process requires that Board members who are independent from the investment manager consider the recommendation and decide how to vote the proxy proposal or establish a protocol for voting the proposal.

On an annual basis, or more frequently as determined necessary, the Board reviews recommendations to revise the existing guidelines or add new guidelines. Recommendations are based on, among other things, industry trends and the frequency that similar proposals appear on company ballots.

The Board considers management’s recommendations as set out in the company’s proxy statement. In each instance in which a fund votes against management’s recommendation (except when withholding votes from a nominated director), the Board sends a letter to senior management of the company explaining the basis for its vote. This permits both the company’s management and the Board to have an opportunity to gain better insight into issues presented by the proxy proposal(s).

Voting in Countries Outside the United States (Non-U.S. Countries) — Voting proxies for companies not domiciled in the United States may involve greater effort and cost due to the variety of regulatory schemes and corporate practices. For example, certain non-U.S. countries require securities to be blocked prior to a vote, which means that the securities to be voted may not be traded within a specified number of days before the shareholder meeting. The Board typically will not vote securities in non-U.S. countries that require securities to be blocked as the need for liquidity of the securities in the funds

 

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will typically outweigh the benefit of voting. There may be additional costs associated with voting in non-U.S. countries such that the Board may determine that the cost of voting outweighs the potential benefit.

Securities on Loan — The Board will generally refrain from recalling securities on loan based upon its determination that the costs and lost revenue to the funds, combined with the administrative effects of recalling the securities, generally outweigh the benefit of voting the proxy. While neither the Board nor the funds’ administrator assesses the economic impact and benefits of voting loaned securities on a case-by-case basis, situations may arise where the Board requests that loaned securities be recalled in order to vote a proxy. In this regard, if a proxy relates to matters that may impact the nature of a company, such as a proposed merger or acquisition, and the funds’ ownership position is more significant, the Board has established a guideline to direct the funds’ administrator to use its best efforts to recall such securities based upon its determination that, in these situations, the benefits of voting such proxies generally outweigh the costs or lost revenue to the funds, or any potential adverse administrative effects to the funds, of not recalling such securities.

Investment in Affiliated Funds — Certain funds may invest in shares of other Seligman funds (referred to in this context as “underlying funds”) and may own substantial portions of these underlying funds. The proxy policy of the funds is to ensure that direct public shareholders of underlying funds control the outcome of any shareholder vote. To help manage this potential conflict of interest, recognizing that the direct public shareholders of these underlying funds may represent only a minority interest, the policy of the funds is to vote proxies of the underlying funds in the same proportion as the vote of the direct public shareholders. If there are no direct public shareholders of an underlying fund, the policy is to cast votes in accordance with instructions from the independent members of the Board.

A note with respect to underlying funds: The underlying funds and the funds-of-funds share the same officers, Board members, and investment manager, RiverSource Investments. The funds-of-funds do not invest in an underlying fund for the purpose of exercising management or control; however, from time to time, investments by the funds-of-funds in a fund may represent a significant portion of a fund. Because the funds-of-funds may own a substantial portion of the shares of a fund, procedures have been put into place to assure that public shareholders will determine the outcome of all actions taken at underlying fund shareholder meetings.

Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30, is available (i) without charge upon request by calling toll free (800) 221-2450 in the US or collect (212) 682-7600 outside the US and (ii) on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Information for each new 12-month period ending June 30 will be available no later than August 31 of that year.

Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities

The following table identifies those investors who, as of March 31, 2010, owned 5% or more of any class of a fund’s shares and those investors who owned 25% or more of a fund’s shares (all share classes taken together). Investors who own more than 25% of a fund’s shares are presumed under securities laws to control the fund and would be able to determine the outcome of most issues that are submitted to shareholders for vote.

 

Portfolio

  

Name, city and state of investor

  

Share Class

   Percentage     Percent of Fund  

Capital

   Great-West Life & Annuity, Greenwood Village, CO    Class 1      93.34     32.20
   First Great West Life, Denver, CO    Class 1      6.66     —     
   Kansas City Life Insurance Company, Kansas City, MO    Class 2      91.88     60.19

Common Stock

   Great-West Life & Annuity, Greenwood Village, CO    Class 1      95.36     95.36

Communications and Information

   Great-West Life & Annuity, Greenwood Village, CO    Class 1      96.20     42.49
   Guardian Insurance & Annuity Co., New York, NY    Class 2      40.39     —     
   Jefferson National Life Insurance, Louisville, KY    Class 2      11.61     —     
   Great-West Life & Annuity, Greenwood Village, CO    Class 2      10.39     —     
   Kansas City Life Insurance Company, Kansas City, MO    Class 2      8.74     —     
   AMERITAS Life Inc., Lincoln, NE    Class 2      7.84     —     

Global Technology

   Great-West Life & Annuity, Greenwood Village, CO    Class 1      52.79     34.04
   Allianz Life, Minneapolis, MN    Class 1      42.23     27.23
   Jefferson National Life Insurance, Louisville, KY    Class 2      94.41     33.54

 

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Portfolio

  

Name, city and state of investor

  

Share Class

   Percentage     Percent of Fund  

International Growth

   Great-West Life & Annuity, Greenwood Village, CO    Class 1      95.02     95.02

Investment Grade Fixed Income

   Great-West Life & Annuity, Greenwood Village, CO    Class 1      99.81     99.81

Large-Cap Value

   Great-West Life & Annuity, Greenwood Village, CO    Class 1      83.14     83.14
   Jefferson National Life Insurance, Louisville, KY    Class 1      11.29     —     
   Great West, Denver, CO    Class 1      5.57     —     

Smaller-Cap Value

   Allianz Life, Minneapolis, MN    Class 1      83.77     63.44
   Merrill Lynch Life Insurance Co., Cedar Rapids, IA    Class 1      10.47     —     
   The Union Central Life Insurance Company, Lincoln, NE    Class 2      81.37     —     
   Kansas City Life Insurance Company, Kansas City, MO    Class 2      7.19     —     

Investment Advisory and Other Services

Investment Manager

With the completion of the Acquisition of Seligman by RiverSource Investments and with shareholders having previously approved (at a special meeting held on November 3, 2008) the Management Agreement between the Fund (on behalf of each Portfolio) and RiverSource Investments, RiverSource Investments is the new investment manager effective November 7, 2008. Shareholders of Seligman International Growth Portfolio also approved at the November meeting the Subadvisory Agreement between RiverSource Investments and Wellington Management.

RiverSource Investments, 200 Ameriprise Financial Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55474, is also the investment manager of the other funds in the RiverSource Family of Funds and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial. Ameriprise Financial is a financial planning and financial services company that has been offering solutions for clients’ asset accumulation, income management and protection needs for more than 110 years. In addition to managing investments for the RiverSource Family of Funds, RiverSource Investments manages investments for itself and its affiliates. For institutional clients, RiverSource Investments and its affiliates provide investment management and related services, such as separate account asset management, and institutional trust and custody, as well as other investment products.

Effective November 7, 2008, each Portfolio pays RiverSource Investments a fee for managing its assets. The fee paid is equal to a percentage of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets.

INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT FEE SCHEDULE

The table below outlines the investment management fees charged to the funds by RiverSource Investments for providing investment management services. The asset charge for each calendar day of each year will be equal to the total of 1/365th (1/366th in each leap year) of the amount computed in accordance with the fee schedule in the table below:

 

Fund

   Net assets (billions)    Annual rate at each asset level     Daily Rate
on last day of most
recent fiscal period
 

Capital

   All asset levels      0.355     0.355

Common Stock

   All asset levels      0.355     0.355

Communications and Information

   All asset levels      0.705     0.705

Global Technology

   First $2 billion      0.950     0.950
   Next $2 billion      0.910  
   Over $4 billion      0.870  

International Growth

   First $50 million
Next $1 billion
Over $1.05 billion
    

 

 

0.950

0.900

0.860


    0.950

Investment Grade Fixed Income

   All asset levels      0.345     0.345

 

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Fund

   Net assets (billions)    Annual rate at each asset level     Daily Rate
on last  day of most
recent fiscal period
 

Large-Cap Value

   First $500 million      0.755     0.755
   Next $500 million      0.660  
   Over $1 billion      0.565  

Smaller-Cap Value

   First $500 million      0.935     0.935
   Next $500 million      0.840  
   Over $1 billion      0.745  

The following table shows the Investment management fee schedule for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.

 

Portfolio

   Management fee rate
(as a%  of average daily net assets)

Capital

   0.40%

Common Stock

   0.40%

Communications and Information

   0.75%

Global Technology

   1.00% on first $2 billion;
   0.95% on next $2 billion;
   0.90% thereafter

International Growth

   1.00% on first $50 million;
   0.95% on next $1 billion;
   0.90% thereafter

Investment Grade Fixed Income

   0.40%

Large-Cap Value

   0.80% on first $500 million;
   0.70% on next $500 million;
   0.60% thereafter

Smaller-Cap Value

   1.00% on first $500 million;
   0.90% on next $500 million;
   0.80% thereafter

The following table indicates the management fees paid and the amount of management and other fees waived/reimbursed for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.

 

      2009      2008      2007  

Portfolio

   Fee      Waiver/
Reimbursement
     Fee      Waiver/
Reimbursement
     Fee      Waiver/
Reimbursement
 

Capital

   $ 24,523       $ —         $ 34,357       $ —         $ 44,328       $ —     

Common Stock

     9,201         18,885         16,622         —           28,080         —     

Communications and Information

     305,415         —           333,001         —           430,167         —     

Global Technology

     48,653         93,220         61,619         101,372         85,706         97,403   

International Growth

     15,188         96,059         30,535         80,200         42,745         86,100   

Investment Grade Fixed Income

     6,562         47,932         7,772         26,207         7,934         32,224   

Large-Cap Value

     14,699         37,711         23,120         11,906         34,194         —     

Smaller-Cap Value

     798,571         830         1,319,550         —           2,203,083         —     

Subject to the control of the Board of Directors, RiverSource Investments is responsible for the investments of each Portfolio (with the assistance of Wellington Management in the case of the Subadvised Portfolio). Other than the Subadvisory Agreement with Wellington Management, there are no other management-related service contracts under which services are or may be provided to the Portfolios. No person or persons, other than the directors, officers, employees of RiverSource Investments, or the Fund regularly advise the Fund or the Portfolios with respect to their investments (other than Wellington Management, as discussed below).

Under the Management Agreement, RiverSource Investments, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, manages the affairs of the Subadvised Portfolio and provides the services described in such agreement on the terms set forth therein. The Management Agreement provides that RiverSource Investments will enter into a subadvisory agreement, pursuant to which Wellington Management will provide the Subadvised Portfolio with investment management services, including investment research, advice and supervision, determining which securities will be purchased or sold by the Subadvised Portfolio, making purchases and sales of securities on behalf of the Subadvised Portfolio and determining how voting and other rights with

 

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respect to securities of the Subadvised Portfolio shall be exercised, subject in each case to the control of the Board of Directors and in accordance with the objectives, policies and principles set forth in the Prospectus and the requirements of the 1940 Act and other applicable law. Pursuant to the Management Agreement, RiverSource Investments continues to have responsibility for investment management services provided under the Subadvisory Agreement. Further, in the event Wellington Management ceases to provide such investment management services to the Subadvised Portfolio, they shall be provided by RiverSource Investments or by such other firm as may be selected by the Subadvised Portfolio and approved in accordance with applicable requirements.

The Management Agreement provides that it is effective on November 7, 2008 and shall continue in full force and effect until November 7, 2010, and from year to year thereafter if such continuance is approved in the manner required by the 1940 Act (i.e., by a vote of a majority of the Board of Directors or of the outstanding voting securities of a Portfolio and by a vote of a majority of Directors who are not parties to the Management Agreement or interested persons of any such party). The Management Agreement may be terminated by either a Portfolio or RiverSource Investments at any time by giving the other party 60 days’ written notice of such intention to terminate, provided that any termination shall be made without the payment of any penalty, and provided further that termination may be effected either by the Board or by a vote of the majority of the outstanding voting shares of a Portfolio. The Management Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment, as such term is defined in the 1940 Act.

Except for bad faith, intentional misconduct or negligence in regard to the performance of its duties under the Management Agreement, neither RiverSource Investments, nor any of its respective directors, officers, partners, principals, employees, or agents will be liable for any acts or omissions or for any loss suffered by the Fund, the Portfolios or its shareholders or creditors. Each of RiverSource Investments, and its respective directors, officers, partners, principals, employees and agents, will be entitled to rely, and will be protected from liability in reasonably relying, upon any information or instructions furnished to it (or any of them as individuals) by the Fund or its agents which is believed in good faith to be accurate and reliable. RiverSource Investments does not warrant any rate of return, market value or performance of any assets in a Portfolio. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the federal securities laws impose liabilities under certain circumstances on persons who act in good faith and, therefore, the Portfolio does not waive any right which it may have under such laws or regulations.

Subadvisory Arrangement

On September 15, 2003, Wellington Management assumed responsibility for providing investment advisory services to the Subadvised Portfolio under a subadvisory arrangement between Wellington Management and Seligman, the Fund’s predecessor investment manager. The subadvisory arrangement was initially approved by the Board of Directors of the Fund in respect of the Subadvised Portfolio on September 4, 2003. The engagement of Wellington Management was approved by the shareholders of the Subadvised Portfolio at a Special Meeting of Shareholders held on December 4, 2003. The Subadvisory Agreement between RiverSource Investments and Wellington Management was initially approved by the Directors on July 29, 2008 and by the shareholders of the Subadvised Portfolio at a special meeting held on November 3, 2008. The Subadvisory Agreement became effective on November 7, 2008.

The fees payable by the Subadvised Portfolio did not increase as a result of the engagement of Wellington Management. The fees of Wellington Management are paid by RiverSource Investments (not by the Subadvised Portfolio), and the fees payable by the Subadvised Portfolio to RiverSource Investments were unchanged.

Wellington Management is a Massachusetts limited liability partnership with principal offices at 75 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109. Wellington Management is a professional investment counseling firm that provides investment services to investment companies, employee benefit plans, endowments, foundations, and other institutions. Wellington Management and its predecessor organizations have provided investment advisory services for over 70 years.

Under the Subadvisory Agreement, Wellington Management is responsible for providing investment advisory services to the Subadvised Portfolio. Wellington Management is also responsible for selecting brokers for the execution of purchases and sales on behalf of the Subadvised Portfolio.

Terms of the Subadvisory Agreement

Services. Under the Subadvisory Agreement, Wellington Management, subject to the control of the Board of Directors and in accordance with the objectives, policies and principles of the Subadvised Portfolio set forth in the applicable Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information and the requirements of the 1940 Act and other applicable law, furnishes RiverSource Investments and the Subadvised Portfolio with such investment advice, research and assistance as RiverSource Investments or the Subadvised Portfolio shall from time to time reasonably request. In this regard, it is the responsibility of Wellington Management, in respect of the Subadvised Portfolio: (i) to participate in the development of the Subadvised Portfolio’s overall investment strategy and in the determination of investment allocations; (ii) to provide investment advice and research

 

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to the Subadvised Portfolio with respect to existing and potential investments in securities, including company visits and meetings with management; (iii) to determine securities and other assets for investment; (iv) to select brokers and dealers; (v) to cause the execution of trades, including foreign exchange dealings; and (vi) unless otherwise agreed to by RiverSource Investments, vote proxies solicited by or with respect to issuers of securities in which assets of the Series may be invested from time to time. Wellington Management’s responsibilities extend to the Subadvised Portfolio’s assets. Under the Management Agreement, RiverSource Investments continues to have responsibility for investment management services provided under the Subadvisory Agreement.

Liability. The Subadvisory Agreement provides that, subject to Section 36 of the 1940 Act, Wellington Management shall not be liable to the Fund for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any investment or for any act or omission in the performance of its duties under the Subadvisory Agreement except for willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Subadvisory Agreement, provided, however, that Wellington Management will be liable for any loss incurred by the Fund, the Subadvised Portfolio, the Manager or their respective affiliates to the extent such losses arise out of any act or omission directly attributable to Wellington Management which results, directly or indirectly, in a material error in the net asset value of the Subadvised Portfolio.

Compensation. Under the Subadvisory Agreement, Wellington Management receives in respect of the Subadvised Portfolio, each month a fee calculated on each day during such month at the annual rates set forth below:

 

Subadvised portfolio

   Subadvisory fee
as a  percentage of
average daily net assets
 

International Growth

  

– up to $50 million

     0.45

– over $50 million

     0.40

This fee is paid by RiverSource Investments and does not affect the fee paid by the Subadvised Portfolio to RiverSource Investments pursuant to the Management Agreement.

Expenses. Pursuant to the Subadvisory Agreement, Wellington Management pays all of its expenses arising from the performance of its duties under the Subadvisory Agreement, other than the cost of securities, including brokerage commissions and similar fees and charges for the acquisition, disposition, lending or borrowing of the Subadvised Portfolio’s investments.

Termination. The Subadvisory Agreement provides that it is effective November 7, 2008 and will continue in effect until November 7, 2010 and from year to year if such continuance is approved in the manner required by the 1940 Act. The Subadvisory Agreement may be terminated at any time, with respect to the Subadvised Portfolio, without payment of penalty, by the Fund on 60 days’ written notice to Wellington Management by vote of the Directors or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Subadvised Portfolio, as defined by the 1940 Act. The Subadvisory Agreement also provides that it may also be terminated, with respect to the Subadvised Portfolio, by Wellington Management or RiverSource Investments at any time upon not less than 60 days’ written notice to the other and to the Fund. The Subadvisory Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment in respect of the Subadvised Portfolio, and upon termination of the Management Agreement in respect of the Subadvised Portfolio.

Services Provided by the Investment Manager

Under the Management Agreement, dated November 7, 2008, subject to the control of the Fund’s Board of Directors, RiverSource Investments manages the investment of the assets of the Portfolios, including making purchases and sales of portfolio securities consistent with the Portfolios’ investment objectives and policies.

Administrative Services

Under an Administrative Services Agreement, Ameriprise Financial provides the Portfolios with administration and accounting services. Effective May 11, 2009, the Portfolios pay Ameriprise Financial a fee for its services (which would be reflected in each Portfolio’s “Other Expenses” in the fee table of the prospectus). Prior to May 11, 2009, the Portfolios did not pay an administrative services fee. There will be no net impact to the fees that a Portfolio will pay because the administrative fee will be fully offset by a reduction in the investment management fees charged to the Portfolio.

 

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ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES FEE SCHEDULE

The table below outlines the administrative services fees charged to the funds by Ameriprise Financial for providing administrative services. The asset charge for each calendar day of each year will be equal to the total of 1/365th (1/366th in each leap year) of the amount computed in accordance with the fee schedule in the table below:

 

     Asset levels and breakpoints in applicable fees  

Funds

   0 - 500,000,000     500,000,001
-1,000,000,000
    1,000,000,001
-3,000,000,000
    3,000,000,001
-12,000,000,000
    12,000,000,001 +  

Global Technology

     0.080     0.075     0.070     0.060     0.050

International Growth

          

Smaller-Cap Value

          

Investment Grade Fixed Income

     0.070     0.065     0.060     0.050     0.040

Capital

     0.060     0.055     0.050     0.040     0.030

Common Stock

          

Communications and Information

          

Large-Cap Value

          

The fee is calculated for each calendar day on the basis of net assets as of the close of the preceding day. Fees paid the last fiscal period are shown in the table below. The table also shows the daily rate applied to each fund’s net assets as of the last day of the most recent fiscal period.

 

Fund

   Administrative
Services Fees  Paid
in 2009
     Daily Rate Applied
to Fund Assets
 

Capital

   $ 2,792         0.060

Common Stock

     1,011         0.060   

Communications and Information

     18,678         0.060   

Global Technology

     2,902         0.080   

International Growth

     869         0.080   

Investment Grade Fixed Income

     821         0.070   

Large-Cap Value

     799         0.060   

Smaller-Cap Value

     46,508         0.080   

Other Investment Advice

No person or persons, other than directors, officers, or employees of RiverSource Investments, or Wellington Management, regularly advise the Fund’s Portfolios or Subadvised Portfolio, as the case may be, with respect to the Portfolios’ investments.

Principal Underwriter

RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc., formerly Seligman Advisors, Inc., an affiliate of RiverSource Investments, located at 50611 Ameriprise Financial Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402, acts a general distributor of the shares of the Portfolios as well as the other funds in the RiverSource Family of Funds. The distributor is an “affiliated person” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of RiverSource Investments, which is itself an affiliated person of the Fund. Those individuals identified above under “Management Information” as directors or officers of both the Fund and the distributor are affiliated persons of both entities.

Rule 12b-1 Plan

Each Portfolio has adopted a Shareholder Servicing and Distribution Plan (“12b-1 Plan”) with respect to each Portfolio’s Class 2 shares in accordance with Section 12(b) of the 1940 Act and Rule 12b-1 thereunder.

Under the 12b-1 Plan, each Portfolio, with respect to Class 2 shares, is authorized to pay monthly to the distributor, an annual shareholder servicing and distribution fee of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class 2 shares. The distributor uses this fee to make payments to participating insurance companies or their affiliates for services that the participating insurance companies provide to Contract owners of Class 2 shares including, but not limited to, (1) the printing and delivering of prospectuses, statements of additional information, shareholder reports, proxy statements and marketing

 

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materials related to the Portfolios to current Contract owners, (2) providing facilities to answer questions from current Contract owners about the Portfolios, (3) receiving and answering correspondence, (4) providing information to RiverSource Investments and to Contract owners with respect to shares of the Portfolios attributable to Contract owner Accounts, (5) complying with federal and state securities laws pertaining to the sale of shares of the Portfolios, (6) assisting Contract owners in completing application forms and selecting dividend and other Account options, and (7) other distribution related services. Additionally, the distributor may also use this fee to make payments to administrators or their affiliates for similar services provided to Qualified Plans and their beneficiaries. Because these 12b-1 fees are paid out of the Portfolio’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time they will increase the cost of an investment in the Portfolio and may cost shareholders more than other types of charges related to an investment. The participating insurance companies will also provide such office space and equipment, telephone facilities, and personnel as may be reasonably necessary or beneficial in order to provide such services to owners. No fees payable pursuant to the Rule 12b-1 Plan are retained by the distributor. The total amounts paid by the Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio to the distributor in respect of Class 2 shares for the year ended December 31, 2009 and such amounts stated as a percentage of the Portfolios’ Class 2 shares’ average daily net assets, are as follows:

 

Portfolio*

   Total Fees Paid  

Capital

   $ 10,460   

Communications and Information

     47,901   

Global Technology

     4,401   

Large-Cap Value

     0   

Smaller-Cap Value

     48,589   

 

* There were no Class 2 shares issued or outstanding during the year ended December 31, 2009 with respect to Large-Cap Value and the other Portfolios of the Fund not otherwise listed above.

RiverSource Investments, in its sole discretion, may also make similar payments to the distributor, participating insurance companies or Plan administrators from its own resources, which may include the management fee that RiverSource Investments receives from the Portfolios. Payments made by the Portfolios under the 12b-1 Plan are intended to be used to encourage sales of Class 2 shares to Contract owners, as well as to discourage redemptions and/or exchanges.

Fees paid by each Portfolio under the 12b-1 Plan in respect of Class 2 shares may not be used to pay expenses incurred solely in respect of Class 1 shares or any other Seligman mutual fund.

The amounts expended by the distributor in any one year with respect to Class 2 shares of a Portfolio may exceed the 12b-1 fees paid by the Portfolio in that year. Each Portfolio’s 12b-1 Plan permits expenses incurred by the distributor in respect of Class 2 shares in one fiscal year to be paid from Class 2 12b-1 fees in any other fiscal year; however, in any fiscal year the Portfolios are not obligated to pay any 12b-1 fees in excess of those described above. The 12b-1 Plan with respect to the Class 2 shares of each Portfolio was initially approved on March 16, 2000 by the Board of Directors, including a majority of the Directors who are not “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the 12b-1 Plan or in any agreement related to the Plan (“Qualified Directors”). The 12b-1 Plan will continue in effect until December 31 of each year, so long as such continuance is approved annually by a majority vote of both the Directors and the Qualified Directors of the Fund, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The 12b-1 Plans may not be amended to increase materially the amounts payable to the distributor without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the relevant class. No material amendment to the 12b-1 Plans may be made except by a majority of both the Directors and Qualified Directors.

The 12b-1 Plans require that the Treasurer of the Fund shall provide to the Directors, and the Directors shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts expended (and purposes therefor) under the Plans. Rule 12b-1 also requires that the selection and nomination of Directors who are not “interested persons” of the Fund be made by such disinterested Directors. The 12b-1 Plans will be reviewed by the Directors annually.

Portfolio Managers

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers, and Compensation. For purposes of this discussion, each member of a Portfolio’s portfolio team is referred to as a “portfolio manager”. Set forth below, by Portfolio, for each portfolio manager is: (i) the number of accounts managed (other than the Portfolio managed by the particular portfolio manager) and the total assets in such accounts, within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles and other accounts; (ii) those accounts that have an advisory fee based on the performance of the account; and (iii) an explanation of the structure of, and method(s) used to determine, portfolio manager compensation. Unless noted

 

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otherwise, all information is provided as of December 31, 2009. For purposes of this table, each series or portfolio of a registered investment company is treated as a separate registered investment company.

 

         

Other Accounts Managed (excluding the fund)

             

Fund

  

Portfolio Manager

  

Number and type

of account(a)

  

Approximate

Total Net

Assets

  

Performance

Based

Accounts(b)

   Ownership
of Fund
Shares(c)
   Structure
of
Compensation
  Conflicts
of
Interest

Capital

   Wayne Collette(e)    10 RICs    $2.55 billion    None    None     
      1 PIV    $125.4 million           
      114 other accounts    $216.4 million           
   George Myers(e)    7 RICs    $2.13 billion    None    None     
      1 PIV    $125.4 million           
      103 other accounts    $138.8 million          (1)   (6)
   Lawrence W. Lin(e)    7 RICs    $2.13 billion    None    None     
      1 PIV    $125.4 million           
      108 other accounts    $138.8 million           
   Brian D. Neigut(e)    7 RICs    $2.13 billion    None    None     
      1 PIV    $125.4 million           
      105 other accounts    $138.6 million           

Common Stock

   Brian M. Condon(e)    3 RICs    $594.0 million    1 PIV ($22 M)    None    (1)   (6)
      8 PIVs    $864.0 million           
      40 other accounts    $2.72 billion           
   Gina Mourtzinou    9 RICs    $9.05 billion    6 RICs ($6.52 B)    None    (2)   (7)
      14 other accounts    $116.72 million           

Communications and Information

   Paul Wick   

4 RICs

5 PIVs

  

$4.48 billion

$1.82 billion

          
      6 other accounts    $266.43 million           
   Ajay Diwan    4 RICs    $4.48 billion           
      5 PIVs    $1.82 billion           
      7 other accounts    $262.94 million           
   Richard Parower    3 RICs    $4.19 billion           
      5 PIVs    $1.82 billion    None    None    (3)   (7)
      8 other accounts    $265.53 million           
   Reema Shah    3 RICs    $4.19 billion           
      5 RICs    $1.82 billion           
      8 other accounts    $270.3 million           
   Sangeeth Peruri    1 RIC    $3.68 billion           
      12 PIVs    $891.27 million           

Global Technology

   Paul Wick    4 RICs    $4.53 billion           
      5 PIVs    $1.82 billion           
      6 other accounts    $266.43 million           
   Ajay Diwan    4 RICs    $4.53 billion           
      5 PIVs    $1.82 billion           
      7 other accounts    $262.94 million           
   Richard Parower    3 RICs    $4.24 billion           
      5 PIVs    $1.82 billion    None    None    (3)   (7)
      8 other accounts    $265.53 million           
   Reema Shah    3 RICs    $4.24 billion           
      5 RICs    $1.82 billion           
      8 other accounts    $270.3 million           
   Benjamin Lu    1 RIC    $504.09 million           
      2 PIVs    $44.25 million           
      1 other account    $0.001 million           

International Growth

   Wellington Management:
  

Matthew Hudson

Jean-Marc Berteaux

  

6 RICs 10 PIVs

9 other accounts

  

$1.60 billion

$2.05 billion $954.01 million

   1 other account ($157.15M)    None    (4)   (8)

Investment Grade Fixed Income

   Colin Lundren(f)   

17 RICs

15 other accounts

   $1.59 billion $203.49 million    None        
   Scott Schroepfer    7 RICs    $13.25 billion    3 RICs ($821.26 M)        
      2 other accounts    $8.37 million       None    (5)   (7)
   Tom Murphy    6 RICs    $11.13 billion    2 RICs ($486.48 M)        
      2 PIVs    $729.68 million           
      17 other accounts    $12.58 billion           

 

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Other Accounts Managed (excluding the fund)

             

Fund

  

Portfolio Manager

  

Number and type

of account(a)

  

Approximate

Total Net

Assets

  

Performance

Based

Accounts(b)

   Ownership
of Fund
Shares(c)
   Structure
of
Compensation
  Conflicts
of
Interest

Large-Cap Value

   Neil T. Eigen    6 RICs    $923.06 million           
      2 PIVs    $149.37 million           
      65 other accounts(d)    $2.92 billion    1 RIC ($137.29 M)    None    (1)   (7)
   Richard S. Rosen    6 RICs    $923.06 million           
      2 PIVs    $149.37 million           
      70 other accounts(d)    $2.88 billion           

Smaller-Cap Value

   Neil T. Eigen    6 RICs    $829.33 million           
      2 PIVs    $149.37 million           
      65 other accounts(d)    $2.92 billion           
   Richard S. Rosen    6 RICs    $829.33 million    1 RIC ($137.29 M)    None    (1)   (7)
      2 PIVs    $149.37 million           
      70 other accounts(d)    $2.88 billion           

 

(a) RIC refers to a Registered Investment Company (each series or portfolio of a RIC is treated as a separate RIC); PIV refers to a Pooled Investment Vehicle.
(b) Number of accounts for which the advisory fee paid is based in part or wholly on performance and the aggregate net assets in those accounts.
(c) All shares of the Variable Portfolio funds are owned by life insurance companies and are not available for purchase by individuals. Consequently no portfolio manager owns any shares of Variable Portfolio funds.
(d) Reflects each wrap program strategy as a single client, rather than counting each participant in the program as a separate client.
(e) Portfolio manager began managing the fund after its fiscal year end; therefore reporting is provided as of March 31, 2010.
(f) Portfolio manager began managing the fund after its fiscal year end; reporting is provided as of Dec. 31, 2009.

Structure of Compensation

 

  (1) As of the funds’ most recent fiscal year end, the portfolio managers received all of their compensation in the form of salary, bonus, stock options, restricted stock, and notional investments through an incentive plan, the value of which is measured by reference to the performance of the funds in which the account is invested. A portfolio manager’s bonus is variable and generally is based on (1) an evaluation of the portfolio manager’s investment performance and (2) the results of a peer and/or management review of the portfolio manager, which takes into account skills and attributes such as team participation, investment process, communication and professionalism. In evaluating investment performance, the investment manager generally considers the one, three and five year performance of mutual funds and other accounts managed by the portfolio manager relative to specific benchmarks and peer groups, emphasizing the portfolio manager’s three and five year performance. The investment manager also may consider a portfolio manager’s performance in managing client assets in sectors and industries assigned to the portfolio manager as part of his/her investment team responsibilities, where applicable. For portfolio managers who also have group management responsibilities, another factor in their evaluation is an assessment of the group’s overall investment performance.

The size of the overall bonus pool each year depends on, among other factors, the levels of compensation generally in the investment management industry (based on market compensation data) and the investment manager’s profitability for the year, which is largely determined by assets under management.

 

  (2)

Portfolio manager compensation is typically comprised of (i) a base salary, (ii) an annual cash bonus, and (iii) an equity incentive award in the form of stock options and/or restricted stock. The annual cash bonus and equity incentive awards are paid from a team bonus pool that is based on the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio management team, which might include mutual funds, wrap accounts, institutional portfolios and hedge funds. Funding for the bonus pool is determined by a percentage of the aggregate assets under management in the accounts managed by the portfolio managers, including the fund, and by the short term (typically one-year) and long-term (typically three-year, five-year and ten-year) performance of those accounts in relation to the relevant peer group universe. Funding for the bonus pool would also include a percentage of any performance fees earned on long/short mutual funds managed by the Team. With respect to hedge funds and separately managed accounts that follow a hedge fund mandate, funding for the bonus pool is a percentage of performance fees earned on the hedge funds or accounts managed by the portfolio managers. Senior management of RiverSource Investments has the discretion to increase or decrease the size of the part of the bonus pool and to determine the exact amount of each portfolio manager’s bonus paid from this portion of the bonus pool based on his/her performance as an employee. In addition, where portfolio managers invest in a hedge fund managed by the investment manager, they receive a cash reimbursement for the investment management fees charged on their hedge fund investments. RiverSource

 

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Investments portfolio managers are provided with a benefits package, including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in a company 401(k) plan, comparable to that received by other RiverSource Investments employees. Certain investment personnel are also eligible to defer a portion of their compensation. An individual making this type of election can allocate the deferral to the returns associated with one or more products they manage or support or to certain other products managed by their investment team. Depending upon their job level, RiverSource Investments portfolio managers may also be eligible for other benefits or perquisites that are available to all RiverSource Investments employees at the same job level.

 

  (3) Portfolio manager compensation is typically comprised of (i) a base salary, (ii) an annual cash bonus, and may include (iii) an equity incentive award in the form of stock options and/or restricted stock. The annual cash bonus, and in some instances the base salary, are paid from a team bonus pool that is based on the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio management team, which might include mutual funds, wrap accounts, institutional portfolios and hedge funds. The bonus pool is determined by a percentage of the management fees on the accounts managed by the portfolio managers, including the fund. The percentage of management fees that fund the bonus pool is based on the short term (typically one-year) and long-term (typically three-year and five-year) performance of those accounts in relation to the relevant peer group universe. Funding for the bonus pool may also include a percentage of any performance fees earned on long/short mutual funds managed by the Team. With respect to hedge funds and separately managed accounts that follow a hedge fund mandate, funding for the bonus pool is a percentage of performance fees earned on the hedge funds or accounts managed by the portfolio managers. RiverSource Investments portfolio managers are provided with a benefits package, including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in a company 401(k) plan, comparable to that received by other RiverSource Investments employees. Depending upon their job level, RiverSource Investments portfolio managers may also be eligible for other benefits or perquisites that are available to all RiverSource Investments employees at the same job level.

 

  (4) Wellington Management receives a fee based on the assets under management of the Subadvised Portfolio as set forth in the Subadvisory Agreement between Wellington Management and RiverSource Investments on behalf of the Subadvised Portfolio. Wellington Management pays its investment professionals out of its total revenues and other resources, including the advisory fees earned with respect to the Subadvised Portfolio. The following information relates to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009.

Wellington Management’s compensation structure is designed to attract and retain high-caliber investment professionals necessary to deliver high quality investment management services to its clients. Wellington Management’s compensation of the Subadvised Portfolio managers who are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Subadvised Portfolio (“Investment Professionals”) includes a base salary and incentive components. The base salary for each Investment Professional who is a partner of Wellington Management is determined by the Managing Partners of Wellington Management. A partner’s base salary is generally a fixed amount that may change as a result of an annual review. The base salary for the other Investment Professional is determined by his experience and performance in his role as an Investment Professional. Base salaries for Wellington Management employees are reviewed annually and may be adjusted based on the recommendation of an Investment Professional’s manager, using guidelines established by Wellington Management’s Compensation Committee, which has final oversight responsibility for base salaries for employees of Wellington Management.

Each Investment Professional is eligible to receive an incentive payment based on the revenues earned by Wellington Management from the Subadvised Portfolio managed by the Investment Professional and generally each other account managed by such Investment Professional. Each Investment Professional’s incentive payment relating to the Subadvised Portfolio is linked to the gross pre-tax performance of the Subadvised Portfolio managed by the Investment Professional compared to the MSCI EAFE Growth Index (prior to March 1, 2006, the MSCI EAFE Index) over one and three year periods, with an emphasis on three year results. Wellington Management applies similar incentive compensation structures (although the benchmarks or peer groups, time periods and rates may differ) to other accounts managed by the Investment Professionals, including accounts with performance fees.

Portfolio-based incentives across all accounts managed by an investment professional can, and typically do, represent a significant portion of an investment professional’s overall compensation; incentive compensation varies significantly by individual and can vary significantly from year to year. The investment professionals may also be eligible for bonus payments based on their overall contribution to Wellington Management’s business operations. Senior management at Wellington Management may reward individuals as it deems appropriate based on factors other than account performance. Each partner of Wellington Management is eligible to participate in a partner-funded tax qualified retirement plan the contributions to which are made pursuant to an actuarial formula. Mr. Berteaux is a partner of Wellington Management.

 

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  (5) Portfolio manager compensation is typically comprised of (i) a base salary, (ii) an annual cash bonus, a portion of which may be subject to a mandatory deferral program, and may include (iii) an equity incentive award in the form of stock options and/or restricted stock. The annual cash bonus is paid from a team bonus pool that is based on the performance of the accounts managed by the portfolio management team, which might include mutual funds, wrap accounts, institutional portfolios and hedge funds. The bonus pool is determined by the aggregate market competitive bonus targets for the teams of which the portfolio manager is a member and by the short-term (typically one-year) and long-term (typically three-year) performance of those accounts in relation to applicable benchmarks or the relevant peer group universe. Senior management of RiverSource Investments has the discretion to increase or decrease the size of the part of the bonus pool and to determine the exact amount of each portfolio manager’s bonus paid from this portion of the bonus pool based on his/her performance as an employee. RiverSource Investments portfolio managers are provided with a benefits package, including life insurance, health insurance, and participation in a company 401(k) plan, comparable to that received by other RiverSource Investments employees. Certain investment personnel are also eligible to defer a portion of their compensation. An individual making this type of election can allocate the deferral to the returns associated with one or more products they manage or support or to certain other products managed by their investment team. Depending upon their job level, RiverSource Investments portfolio managers may also be eligible for other benefits or perquisites that are available to all RiverSource Investments employees at the same job level.

Conflicts of Interest — RiverSource Investments:

 

  (6) Like other investment professionals with multiple clients, a fund’s portfolio manager(s) may face certain potential conflicts of interest in connection with managing both the fund and other accounts at the same time. The investment manager and the funds have adopted compliance policies and procedures that attempt to address certain of the potential conflicts that portfolio managers face in this regard. Certain of these conflicts of interest are summarized below. The management of accounts with different advisory fee rates and/or fee structures, including accounts that pay advisory fees based on account performance (performance fee accounts), may raise potential conflicts of interest for a portfolio manager by creating an incentive to favor higher fee accounts.

Potential conflicts of interest also may arise when a portfolio manager has personal investments in other accounts that may create an incentive to favor those accounts. As a general matter and subject to the investment manager’s Code of Ethics and certain limited exceptions, the investment manager’s investment professionals do not have the opportunity to invest in client accounts, other than the funds.

A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts. The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts managed by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

A portfolio manager may be able to select or influence the selection of the broker/dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds. A portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of broker/dealers could produce disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and the other accounts the portfolio manager manages.

A potential conflict of interest may arise when a portfolio manager buys or sells the same securities for a fund and other accounts. On occasions when a portfolio manager considers the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interests of a fund as well as other accounts, the investment manager’s trading desk may, to the extent consistent with applicable laws and regulations, aggregate the securities to be sold or bought in order to obtain the best execution and lower brokerage commissions, if any. Aggregation of trades may create the potential for unfairness to a fund or another account if a portfolio manager favors one account over another in allocating the securities bought or sold.

“Cross trades,” in which a portfolio manager sells a particular security held by a fund to another account (potentially saving transaction costs for both accounts), could involve a potential conflict of interest if, for example, a portfolio manager is permitted to sell a security from one account to another account at a higher price than an independent third party would pay. The investment manager and the funds have adopted compliance procedures that provide that any transactions between a fund and another account managed by the investment manager are to be made at a current market price, consistent with applicable laws and regulations.

Another potential conflict of interest may arise based on the different investment objectives and strategies of a fund and other accounts managed by its portfolio manager(s). Depending on another account’s objectives and other factors, a portfolio manager may give advice to and make decisions for a fund that may differ from advice given, or the timing or nature of decisions made, with respect to another account. A portfolio manager’s investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular account involved. Thus, a portfolio

 

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manager may buy or sell a particular security for certain accounts, and not for a fund, even though it could have been bought or sold for the fund at the same time. A portfolio manager also may buy a particular security for one or more accounts when one or more other accounts are selling the security (including short sales). There may be circumstances when a portfolio manager’s purchases or sales of portfolio securities for one or more accounts may have an adverse effect on other accounts, including the funds.

A fund’s portfolio manager(s) also may have other potential conflicts of interest in managing the fund, and the description above is not a complete description of every conflict that could exist in managing the fund and other accounts. Many of the potential conflicts of interest to which the investment manager’s portfolio managers are subject are essentially the same or similar to the potential conflicts of interest related to the investment management activities of the investment manager and its affiliates.

 

  (7) RiverSource Investments portfolio managers may manage one or more mutual funds as well as other types of accounts, including hedge funds, proprietary accounts, separate accounts for institutions and individuals, and other pooled investment vehicles. Portfolio managers make investment decisions for an account or portfolio based on its investment objectives and policies, and other relevant investment considerations. A portfolio manager may manage another account whose fees may be materially greater than the management fees paid by the Fund and may include a performance based fee. Management of multiple funds and accounts may create potential conflicts of interest relating to the allocation of investment opportunities, competing investment decisions made for different accounts and the aggregation and allocation of trades. In addition, RiverSource Investments monitors a variety of areas (e.g., allocation of investment opportunities) and compliance with the firm’s Code of Ethics, and places additional investment restrictions on portfolio managers who manage hedge funds and certain other accounts.

RiverSource Investments has a fiduciary responsibility to all of the clients for which it manages accounts. RiverSource Investments seeks to provide best execution of all securities transactions and to aggregate securities transactions and then allocate securities to client accounts in a fair and equitable basis over time. RiverSource Investments has developed policies and procedures, including brokerage and trade allocation policies and procedures, designed to mitigate and manage the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from the management of multiple types of accounts for multiple clients.

In addition to the accounts noted above, portfolio managers may manage accounts in a personal capacity that may include holdings that are similar to, or the same as, those of the fund. The investment manager’s Code of Ethics is designed to address conflicts and, among other things, imposes restrictions on the ability of the portfolio managers and other “investment access persons” to invest in securities that may be recommended or traded in the fund and other client accounts.

Conflicts of Interest — Wellington Management:

 

  (8) Individual investment professionals at Wellington Management manage multiple accounts for multiple clients. These accounts may include mutual funds, separate accounts (assets managed on behalf of institutions such as pension funds, insurance companies, foundations, or separately managed account programs sponsored by financial intermediaries), bank common trust accounts, and hedge funds. The Investment Professionals generally manage accounts in several different investment styles. These accounts may have investment objectives, strategies, time horizons, tax considerations and risk profiles that differ from those of Seligman International Growth Portfolio (the Subadvised Portfolio). The Investment Professionals make investment decisions for each account, including the Subadvised Portfolio, based on the investment objectives, policies, practices, benchmarks, cash flows, tax and other relevant investment considerations applicable to that account. Consequently, the Investment Professionals may purchase or sell securities, including IPOs, for one portfolio and not another portfolio, and the performance of securities purchased for one account may vary from the performance of securities purchased for other accounts. Alternatively, these accounts may be managed in a similar fashion to the Subadvised Portfolio and thus the accounts may have similar, and in some cases nearly identical, objectives, strategies and/or holdings to that of the Fund.

An Investment Professional or other investment professionals at Wellington Management may place transactions on behalf of other accounts that are directly or indirectly contrary to investment decisions made on behalf of the Subadvised Portfolio, or make investment decisions that are similar to those made for the Subadvised Portfolio, both of which have the potential to adversely impact the Portfolio depending on market conditions. For example, an Investment Professional may purchase a security in one account while appropriately selling that same security in another account. Similarly, an Investment Professional may purchase the same security for the Subadvised Portfolio and one or more other accounts at or about the same time, and in those instances the other accounts will have access to their respective holdings prior to the public disclosure of the Subadvised Portfolios’ holdings. In addition, some of these accounts have fee structures, including performance fees, which are or have the potential to be higher, in some cases significantly higher, than the fees paid by the Subadvised Portfolio to Wellington Management.

 

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Because incentive payments paid by Wellington Management to the Investment Professionals are tied to revenues earned by Wellington Management and, where noted, to the performance achieved by the manager in each account, the incentives associated with any given account may be significantly higher or lower than those associated with other accounts managed by a given Investment Professional. Finally, the Investment Professionals may hold shares or investments in the other pooled investment vehicles and/or other accounts identified above.

Wellington Management’s goal is to meet its fiduciary obligation to treat all clients fairly and provide high quality investment services to all of its clients. Wellington Management has adopted and implemented policies and procedures, including brokerage and trade allocation policies and procedures which it believes address the conflicts associated with managing multiple accounts for multiple clients. In addition, Wellington Management monitors a variety of areas, including compliance with primary account guidelines, the allocation of IPOs, and compliance with the firm’s Code of Ethics, and places additional investment restrictions on investment professionals who manage hedge funds and certain other accounts. Furthermore, senior investment and business personnel at Wellington Management periodically review the performance of the investment professionals. Although Wellington Management does not track the time an investment professional spends on a single account, Wellington Management does periodically assess whether an investment professional has adequate time and resources to effectively manage the investment professional’s various client mandates.

Securities Ownership. The Portfolios are available only to participating insurance companies to fund benefits of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts and, in respect of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio Class 2 shares, also to certain qualified pension and retirement plans. As such, a direct ownership of shares in the Portfolios is not available to individual investors, including the portfolio managers.

Securities Transactions

Except as otherwise noted, the description of policies and procedures in this section also applies to any Portfolio subadviser. Subject to policies set by the Board, as well as the terms of the investment management agreements, the investment manager or subadviser is authorized to determine, consistent with a Portfolio’s investment objective and policies, which securities will be purchased, held, or sold. In determining where the buy and sell orders are to be placed, the investment manager has been directed to use its best efforts to obtain the best available price and the most favorable execution except where otherwise authorized by the Board.

Each Portfolio, the investment manager, any subadviser and RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc. (principal underwriter and distributor of the RiverSource Family of Funds) has a strict Code of Ethics that prohibits affiliated personnel from engaging in personal investment activities that compete with or attempt to take advantage of planned portfolio transactions for the Portfolios.

A Portfolio’s securities may be traded on an agency basis with brokers or dealers or on a principal basis with dealers. In an agency trade, the broker-dealer generally is paid a commission. In a principal trade, the investment manager will trade directly with the issuer or with a dealer who buys or sells for its own account, rather than acting on behalf of another client. The investment manager may pay the dealer a commission or instead, the dealer’s profit, if any, is the difference, or spread, between the dealer’s purchase and sale price for the security.

Broker-Dealer Selection

In selecting broker-dealers to execute transactions, the investment manager and each subadviser will consider from among such factors as the ability to minimize trading costs, trading expertise, infrastructure, ability to provide information or services, financial condition, confidentiality, competitiveness of commission rates, evaluations of execution quality, promptness of execution, past history, ability to prospect for and find liquidity, difficulty of trade, security’s trading characteristics, size of order, liquidity of market, block trading capabilities, quality of settlement, specialized expertise, overall responsiveness, willingness to commit capital and research services provided.

The Board has adopted a policy prohibiting the investment manager, or any subadviser, from considering sales of shares of the Portfolios as a factor in the selection of broker-dealers through which to execute securities transactions.

On a periodic basis, the investment manager makes a comprehensive review of the broker-dealers and the overall reasonableness of their commissions, including review by an independent third-party evaluator. The review evaluates execution, operational efficiency, and research services.

 

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Commission Dollars

Broker-dealers typically provide a bundle of services including research and execution of transactions. The research provided can be either proprietary (created and provided by the broker-dealer) or third party (created by a third party but provided by the broker-dealer). Consistent with the interests of the Portfolio, the investment manager and each subadviser may use broker-dealers who provide both types of research products and services in exchange for commissions, known as “soft dollars,” generated by transactions in fund accounts.

The receipt of research and brokerage products and services is used by the investment manager, and by each subadviser, to the extent it engages in such transactions, to supplement its own research and analysis activities, by receiving the views and information of individuals and research staffs of other securities firms, and by gaining access to specialized expertise on individual companies, industries, areas of the economy and market factors. Research and brokerage products and services may include reports on the economy, industries, sectors and individual companies or issuers; statistical information; accounting and tax law interpretations; political analyses; reports on legal developments affecting portfolio securities; information on technical market actions; credit analyses; on-line quotation systems; risk measurement; analyses of corporate responsibility issues; on-line news services; and financial and market database services. Research services may be used by the investment manager in providing advice to multiple RiverSource accounts, including the Portfolios (or by any subadviser to any other client of the subadviser) even though it is not possible to relate the benefits to any particular account or Portfolio.

On occasion, it may be desirable to compensate a broker for research services or for brokerage services by paying a commission that might not otherwise be charged or a commission in excess of the amount another broker might charge. The Board has adopted a policy authorizing the investment manager to do so, to the extent authorized by law, if the investment manager or subadviser determines, in good faith, that such commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage or research services provided by a broker or dealer, viewed either in the light of that transaction or the investment manager’s or subadviser’s overall responsibilities with respect to a Portfolio and the other funds or accounts for which it acts as investment manager (or by any subadviser to any other client of that subadviser).

As a result of these arrangements, some portfolio transactions may not be effected at the lowest commission, but overall execution may be better. The investment manager and each subadviser have represented that under its procedures the amount of commission paid will be reasonable and competitive in relation to the value of the brokerage services and research products and services provided.

The investment manager or a subadviser may use step-out transactions. A “step-out” is an arrangement in which the investment manager or subadviser executes a trade through one broker-dealer but instructs that broker-dealer to step-out all or a part of the trade to another broker-dealer. The second broker-dealer will clear and settle, and receive commissions for, the stepped-out portion. The investment manager or subadviser may receive research products and services in connection with step-out transactions.

Use of Portfolio commissions may create potential conflicts of interest between the investment manager or subadviser and a Portfolio.

However, the investment manager and each subadviser has policies and procedures in place intended to mitigate these conflicts and ensure that the use of Portfolio commissions falls within the “safe harbor” of Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Some products and services may be used for both investment decision-making and non-investment decision-making purposes (“mixed use” items). The investment manager and each subadviser, to the extent it has mixed use items, has procedures in place to assure that Portfolio commissions pay only for the investment decision-making portion of a mixed-use item.

Trade Aggregation and Allocation

Generally, orders are processed and executed in the order received. When a Portfolio buys or sells the same security as another portfolio, fund, or account, the investment manager or subadviser carries out the purchase or sale pursuant to policies and procedures designed in such a way believed to be fair to the Portfolio. Purchase and sale orders may be combined or aggregated for more than one account if it is believed it would be consistent with best execution. Aggregation may reduce commission costs or market impact on a per-share and per-dollar basis, although aggregation may have the opposite effect. There may be times when not enough securities are received to fill an aggregated order, including in an initial public offering, involving multiple accounts. In that event, the investment manager and each subadviser has policies and procedures designed in such a way believed to result in a fair allocation among accounts, including a Portfolio.

From time to time, different portfolio managers with the investment manager may make differing investment decisions related to the same security. However, with certain exceptions for funds managed using strictly quantitative methods, a portfolio manager or portfolio management team may not sell a security short if the security is owned in another portfolio

 

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managed by that portfolio manager or portfolio management team. On occasion, a fund may purchase and sell a security simultaneously in order to profit from short-term price disparities.

The investment manager has portfolio management teams in its Minneapolis and Los Angeles offices that may share research information regarding leveraged loans. The investment manager operates separate and independent trading desks in these locations for the purpose of purchasing and selling leveraged loans. As a result, the investment manager does not aggregate orders in leveraged loans across portfolio management teams. For example, funds and other client accounts being managed by these portfolio management teams may purchase and sell the same leveraged loan in the secondary market on the same day at different times and at different prices. There is also the potential for a particular account or group of accounts, including a fund, to forego an opportunity or to receive a different allocation (either larger or smaller) than might otherwise be obtained if the investment manager were to aggregate trades in leveraged loans across the portfolio management teams. Although the investment manager does not aggregate orders in leveraged loans across its portfolio management teams in Minneapolis and Los Angeles, it operates in this structure subject to its duty to seek best execution.

Brokerage Commissions Paid to Brokers Affiliated with the Investment Manager

Affiliates of the investment manager may engage in brokerage and other securities transactions on behalf of a Portfolio according to procedures adopted by the Board and to the extent consistent with applicable provisions of the federal securities laws. Subject to approval by the Board, the same conditions apply to transactions with broker-dealer affiliates of any subadviser. The investment manager will use an affiliate only if (i) the investment manager determines that the Portfolio will receive prices and executions at least as favorable as those offered by qualified independent brokers performing similar brokerage and other services for the Portfolio and (ii) the affiliate charges the Portfolio commission rates consistent with those the affiliate charges comparable unaffiliated customers in similar transactions and if such use is consistent with terms of the Management Agreement.

For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the funds, except for International Growth, did not execute any portfolio transactions with, and therefore did not pay any commissions to, any broker affiliated with either the funds, the investment manager, Wellington Management, or the distributor.

For the year ended December 31, 2009, International Growth had $615,638 in transactions and $504 in commissions specifically directed to forms in exchange for research services.

Total Brokerage Commissions

Brokerage commissions of each Portfolio (except Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio) for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, are set forth in the following table:

 

     Total brokerage commissions paid for
execution and statistical services(1)(2)
 

Portfolio

   2009      2008      2007  

Capital

   $ 28,350       $ 45,616       $ 49,328   

Common Stock

     2,527         12,871         21,313   

Communications and Information

     182,446         155,400         249,116   

Global Technology

     24,679         30,584         45,754   

International Growth

     10,509         24,441         24,729   

Large-Cap Value

     1,213         1,966         1,977   

Smaller-Cap Value

     54,981         150,656         172,691   

 

(1) Not including any spreads on principal transactions on a net basis.
(2) Changes in commissions paid from year to year result from, among other things, changes in portfolio turnover.

 

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Regular Broker-Dealers

During the year ended December 31, 2009, certain of the Portfolios of the Fund acquired securities of its regular brokers or dealers (as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act) or of their parents, as follows:

 

Fund

  

Name of Issuer

   Value of securities  owned
at end of fiscal year
 

Capital

   None      N/A   

Common Stock

  

Citigroup Funding

Franklin Resources

Goldman Sachs Group

Lehman Brothers Holdings*

Morgan Stanley

PNC Financial Services Group

Charles Schwab

   $
 
 
 
 
 
 
35,612
5,584
87,458
9,636
39,664
24,547
9,749
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

Communications and Information

   None      N/A   

Global Technology

   None      N/A   

International Growth

   Credit Suisse Group      25,152   

Investment Grade Fixed Income

  

Citigroup

Lehman Brothers Holdings*

    
 
10,054
3,113
  
  

Large-Cap Value

  

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Morgan Stanley

    
 
104,175
71,040
  
  

Smaller-Cap Value

   None      N/A   

 

* Subsequent to Aug. 31, 2008, Lehman Brothers Holdings filed a Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition.

Capital Stock and Other Securities

Capital Stock

The Fund is authorized to issue, create and classify shares of capital stock in separate series without further action by shareholders. The Fund presently offers nine separate series of common stock, each of which maintains a separate investment portfolio, designated as follows: Seligman Capital Portfolio, Seligman Common Stock Portfolio, Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, Seligman Global Technology Portfolio, Seligman International Growth Portfolio, Seligman Investment Grade Fixed Income Portfolio, Seligman Large-Cap Value Portfolio and Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio. Shares of capital stock of each Portfolio have a par value of $.001 and are divided into two classes, designated as Class 1 common stock and Class 2 common stock. Each share of a Fund’s Class 1 and Class 2 common stock is equal as to earnings, assets and voting privileges, except that each class bears its own separate shareholder servicing and, potentially, certain other class expenses and has exclusive voting rights with respect to any matter to which a separate vote of any class is required by the 1940 Act or applicable state law. The Fund has adopted a Plan (“Multiclass Plan”) pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act permitting the issuance and sale of multiple classes of common stock. In accordance with the Fund’s Articles of Incorporation, the Board of Directors may authorize the creation of additional classes of common stock with such characteristics as are permitted by the Multiclass Plan and Rule 18f-3. The 1940 Act requires that where more than one class exists, each class must be preferred over all other classes in respect of assets specifically allocated to such class. Shares have non-cumulative voting rights for the election of directors. Each outstanding share will be fully paid and non-assessable, and freely transferable. There are no liquidation, conversion or prescriptive rights.

In accordance with current policy of the SEC, holders of the Accounts have the right to instruct the applicable participating insurance companies as to voting of Portfolio shares held by such Accounts on all matters to be voted on by Fund shareholders. Such rights may change in accordance with changes in policies of the SEC. Voting rights of the participants in the Accounts of participating insurance companies are more fully set forth in the prospectuses or disclosure documents relating to those Accounts, which should be read together with each Portfolio’s Prospectus. A Plan’s trustees generally holds the Portfolio shares sold to a Qualified Plan. The responsibility to vote these shares varies from plan to plan. Generally, more

 

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detailed information regarding the voting responsibilities relating to a specific Plan’s assets can be found in the plan’s disclosure documents. These documents should be read in conjunction with each Portfolio’s Prospectus.

The Directors of the Fund have authority to create additional portfolios and to classify and reclassify shares of capital stock without further action by shareholders, and additional series may be created in the future. Under Maryland corporate law, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings and it is the intention of the Fund’s Directors not to do so. However, special meetings of shareholders will be held for action by shareholders as may be required by the 1940 Act, the Fund’s Articles of Incorporation and By-laws, or Maryland corporate law.

Other Securities

The Fund has no authorized securities other than the above-mentioned common stock.

Purchase, Redemption, and Pricing of Shares

Purchase of Shares

Shares of the Fund’s Portfolios are only being offered to: (1) Accounts established by participating insurance companies to fund benefits of the Contracts and (2) with respect to Class 2 shares of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio, Qualified Plans. The Accounts may invest in shares of the Portfolios in accordance with allocation instructions received from the owners of the Contracts. A more detailed description of such allocations rights and information on how to purchase or surrender a Contract, as well as sales charges and other expenses imposed by the Contracts on their owners, are further described in the separate prospectuses and disclosure documents issued by the participating insurance companies and accompanying each Portfolio’s Prospectus. Qualified Plans may invest in shares of Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio in accordance with applicable law and their own governing documents. Beneficiaries of such Plans are encouraged to consult their plan administrators for additional information. The Fund reserves the right to reject any order for the purchase of shares of the Fund’s Portfolios.

Offering Price

The net asset value per share of each Portfolio is determined as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally, 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) each day that the NYSE is open. Currently, the NYSE is closed on New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.

VALUING FUND SHARES

For Funds other than Money Market Funds. A Portfolio’s securities are valued as follows as of the close of business of the New York Stock Exchange (the “Exchange”):

 

   

Securities traded on a securities exchange for which a last-quoted sales price is readily available are valued at the last-quoted sales price on the exchange where such security is primarily traded.

 

   

Securities traded on a securities exchange for which a last-quoted sales price is not readily available are valued at the mean of the closing bid and asked prices, looking first to the bid and asked prices on the exchange where the security is primarily traded and, if none exist, to the over-the-counter market.

 

   

Securities included in the NASDAQ National Market System are valued at the last-quoted sales price in this market.

 

   

Securities included in the NASDAQ National Market System for which a last-quoted sales price is not readily available, and other securities traded over-the-counter but not included in the NASDAQ National Market System are valued at the mean of the closing bid and asked prices.

 

   

Futures and options traded on major exchanges are valued at the last-quoted sales price on their primary exchange.

 

   

Foreign securities traded outside the United States are generally valued as of the time their trading is complete, which is usually different from the close of the Exchange. Foreign securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars utilizing spot exchange rates at the close of regular trading on the Exchange.

 

   

Occasionally, events affecting the value of securities occur between the time the primary market on which the securities are traded closes and the close of the Exchange. If events materially affect the value of securities, the securities will be valued at their fair value according to procedures decided upon in good faith by the Board. This occurs most commonly with foreign securities, but may occur in other cases. The fair value of a security is likely to be different from the quoted or published price.

 

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Short-term securities maturing more than 60 days from the valuation date are valued at the readily available market price or approximate market value based on current interest rates. Short-term securities maturing in 60 days or less that originally had maturities of more than 60 days at acquisition date are valued at amortized cost using the market value on the 61st day before maturity. Short-term securities maturing in 60 days or less at acquisition date are valued at amortized cost. Amortized cost is an approximation of market value determined by systematically increasing the carrying value of a security if acquired at a discount, or reducing the carrying value if acquired at a premium, so that the carrying value is equal to maturity value on the maturity date.

 

   

Securities without a readily available market price and securities for which the price quotations or valuations received from other sources are deemed unreliable or not reflective of market value are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board. The Board is responsible for selecting methods it believes provide fair value.

 

   

When possible, bonds are valued at an evaluated bid by a pricing service independent from the funds. If a valuation of a bond is not available from a pricing service, the bond will be valued by a dealer knowledgeable about the bond if such a dealer is available.

The assets of funds-of-funds consist primarily of shares of the underlying funds, which are valued at their NAVs. Other securities held by funds-of-funds are valued as described above.

Redemption in Kind

The procedures for redemption of Fund shares under ordinary circumstances are set forth in each Portfolio’s Prospectus. In unusual circumstances, payment may be postponed, if: (i) the orderly liquidation of portfolio securities is prevented by the closing of, or restricted trading on, the NYSE; (ii) during periods of emergency which make the disposal by the Fund of its shares impracticable or it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund’s Portfolios to fairly determine the value of the Portfolios’ net assets; or (iii) such other periods as ordered by the SEC for the protection of the Portfolio’s shareholders. It is not anticipated that shares will be redeemed for other than cash or its equivalent. However, the Fund reserves the right to pay the redemption price to the accounts in whole or in part, by a distribution in kind from the Portfolio’s investment portfolio, in lieu of cash, taking the securities at their value employed for determining such redemption price, and selecting the securities in such manner as the Board of Directors may deem fair and equitable. The Fund reserves the right to make such an in-kind distribution for redemptions in excess of 15% of a Portfolio. If shares are redeemed in this way, brokerage costs will ordinarily be incurred by the accounts in converting such securities into cash. Participating Plans will also be subject to the policies and procedures set forth above.

Arrangements Permitting Frequent Trading of Fund Shares

The Fund has no arrangements with any person to permit frequent trading of a Portfolio’s shares.

Taxation of the Fund

Each Portfolio of the Fund is qualified and intends to continue to qualify for tax treatment as a “regulated investment company” under certain provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Under such provisions, the Fund’s Portfolios will be subject to federal income tax only with respect to undistributed net investment income and net realized capital gain. Each of the Fund’s Portfolios will be treated as a separate entity. Dividends and capital gain distributions from each of the other Portfolios will be declared and paid annually and will be reinvested at the net asset value of such shares of the Portfolio that declared such dividend or capital gain distribution. Information regarding the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund’s Portfolios is contained in the separate prospectuses or disclosure documents of the Accounts, which should be read together with this SAI.

For federal income tax purposes, certain funds had total capital loss carryovers at the end of the most recent fiscal period that, if not offset by subsequent capital gains, will expire as provided in the table below. Because the measurement periods for a regulated investment company’s income are different for excise tax purposes verses income tax purposes, special rules are in place to protect the amount of earnings and profits needed to support excise tax distributions. As a result, the funds are permitted to treat net capital losses realized between November 1 and its fiscal year end (“post-October loss”) as occurring on the first day of the following tax year. The total capital loss carryovers below include post-October losses, if applicable. It

 

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is unlikely that the Board will authorize a distribution of any net realized capital gains until the available capital loss carryover has been offset or has expired except as required by Internal Revenue Service rules.

 

Portfolio

   Total Capital
Loss Carryovers
     Amount
expiring
in 2010
     Amount
expiring
in 2011
     Amount
expiring
in 2012
     Amount
expiring
in 2013
     Amount
expiring
in 2014
     Amount
expiring
in 2015
     Amount
expiring
in 2016
     Amount
expiring
in 2017
     Amount
expiring
in 2018
 

Capital

   $ 9,288,464       $ 6,090,929       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 1,961,725       $ 1,192,247       $ 43,563   

Common Stock

   $ 3,461,085       $ 519,960       $ 366,561       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 632,912       $ 1,924,322       $ 17,330   

Communications and Information

   $ 15,686,110       $ 7,829,524       $ 5,578,202       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 2,165,560       $ 112,824       $ 0   

Global Technology

   $ 5,915,187       $ 4,941,506       $ 108,762       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 544,777       $ 320,142       $ 0   

International Growth

   $ 2,134,598       $ 481,073       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 1,325,858       $ 249,980       $ 77,687   

Investment Grade Fixed Income

   $ 145,093       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 56,149       $ 75,089       $ 0       $ 0       $ 10,566       $ 3,289   

Large-Cap Value

   $ 127,528       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 121,250       $ 6,278   

Smaller-Cap Value

   $ 14,399,624       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 0       $ 14,150,615       $ 249,009   

Underwriters

Distribution of Securities

The Fund and the distributor are parties to a Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Agreement under which the distributor acts as the exclusive agent for distribution of shares of the Portfolios. The distributor accepts orders for the purchase of Portfolio shares, which are offered continuously.

Compensation

The distributor, which is an affiliated person of RiverSource Investments, which is an affiliated person of the Fund, did not receive any commissions or other compensation from the Fund during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009.

Payments to Unaffiliated and Affiliated Insurance Companies

The Portfolios are sold as underlying investment options of variable insurance policies and annuity contracts (products) offered by unaffiliated insurance companies and affiliated insurance companies, such as RiverSource Life Insurance Company (RiverSource Life) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, RiverSource Life Insurance Co. of New York (collectively, the Companies). RiverSource Investments and its affiliates make or support payments out of their own resources to the Companies, as a result of the Companies including the Portfolios as investment options in the products. These products may also include unaffiliated mutual funds as investment options, and the Companies receive payments from the sponsors of these unaffiliated mutual funds as a result of including these funds in the products. Employees of Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates, including employees of affiliated broker-dealers, may be separately incented to recommend or sell shares of the fund, as employee compensation and business unit operating goals at all levels are tied to the company’s success. Certain employees, directly or indirectly, may receive higher compensation and other benefits as investment in the fund increases. In addition, management, sales leaders and other employees may spend more of their time and resources promoting Ameriprise Financial and its subsidiary companies, including RiverSource Investments, and the distributor, and the products they offer, including the Portfolios. The amount of payment from sponsors of unaffiliated funds or allocation from RiverSource Investments and its affiliates varies, and may be significant. The amount of the payment or allocation the Companies receive from a fund may create an incentive for the Companies and may influence their decision regarding which funds to include in a product. These arrangements are sometimes are referred to as “revenue sharing payments,” and are in addition to any 12b-1 distribution and/or service fees or other amounts paid by the funds for account maintenance, subaccounting or recordkeeping services provided directly by the Companies. See the product prospectus for more information regarding these payments and allocations.

Financial Statements

The Annual Report to Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2009 for the Fund’s Portfolios contains a portfolio of the investments of each Portfolio as of December 31, 2009, as well as certain other financial information as of this date. The financial statements and notes included in the Annual Report were audited by the independent registered accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, 220 South 6th Street, Suite 1400 Minneapolis, MN55402-4509, and are incorporated herein by reference. The financial statements for periods ended on or before Dec. 31 , 2008 were audited by other auditors. The Annual Report and Mid-Year Report will be furnished without charge to investors who request copies of this SAI.

 

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Information Regarding Pending and Settled Legal Proceedings

In June 2004, an action captioned John E. Gallus et al. v. American Express Financial Corp. and American Express Financial Advisors Inc., was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. The plaintiffs allege that they are investors in several American Express Company mutual funds and they purport to bring the action derivatively on behalf of those funds under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The plaintiffs allege that fees allegedly paid to the defendants by the funds for investment advisory and administrative services are excessive. The plaintiffs seek remedies including restitution and rescission of investment advisory and distribution agreements. The plaintiffs voluntarily agreed to transfer this case to the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota (the “District Court”). In response to defendant’s motion to dismiss the complaint, the District Court dismissed one of plaintiffs’ four claims and granted plaintiffs limited discovery. Defendants moved for summary judgment in April 2007. Summary judgment was granted in the defendants’ favor on July 9, 2007. The plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal with the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals (the “Eighth Circuit”) on August 8, 2007. On April 8, 2009, the Eighth Circuit reversed summary of judgment and remanded to the District Court for further proceedings. On August 6, 2009, defendants filed a writ of certiorari with the U.S. Supreme Court (“Supreme Court”), asking the Supreme Court to stay the District Court proceedings while the Supreme Court considers and rules in a case captioned Jones v. Harris Associates, which involves issues of law similar to those presented in the Gallus case. On March 30, 2010, the Supreme Court issued its ruling in Jones v. Harris Associates, and on April 5, 2010, the Supreme Court vacated the Eighth Circuit’s decision in the Gallus case and remanded to the Eighth Circuit for further consideration in light of the Supreme Court’s decision in Jones v. Harris Associates.

In December 2005, without admitting or denying the allegations, American Express Financial Corporation (AEFC, which is now known as Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (Ameriprise Financial)), entered into settlement agreements with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Minnesota Department of Commerce (MDOC) related to market timing activities. As a result, AEFC was censured and ordered to cease and desist from committing or causing any violations of certain provisions of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the Investment Company Act of 1940, and various Minnesota laws. AEFC agreed to pay disgorgement of $10 million and civil money penalties of $7 million. AEFC also agreed to retain an independent distribution consultant to assist in developing a plan for distribution of all disgorgement and civil penalties ordered by the SEC in accordance with various undertakings detailed at http://www.sec.gov/litigation/admin/ia-2451.pdf. Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates have cooperated with the SEC and the MDOC in these legal proceedings, and have made regular reports to the RiverSource Funds’ Board of Directors/Trustees.

In September 2006, the Office of the Attorney General of the State of New York (“NYAG”) commenced a civil action in New York State Supreme Court against J. & W. Seligman & Co. Incorporated (“Seligman”), Seligman Advisors, Inc. (now known as RiverSource Fund Distributors, Inc.), Seligman Data Corp. and Brian T. Zino (collectively, the “Seligman Parties”), alleging, in substance, that the Seligman Parties permitted various persons to engage in frequent trading and, as a result, the prospectus disclosure used by the registered investment companies then managed by Seligman is and has been misleading. The NYAG included other related claims and also claimed that the fees charged by Seligman to the Seligman Funds were excessive.

On March 13, 2009, without admitting or denying any violations of law or wrongdoing, the Seligman Parties entered into a stipulation of settlement with the NYAG and settled the claims made by the NYAG. Under the terms of the settlement, Seligman paid $11.3 million to four Seligman Funds as follows: $150,000 to Seligman Global Growth Fund, $550,000 to Seligman Global Smaller Companies Fund, $7.7 million to Seligman Communications and Information Fund and $2.9 million to Seligman Global Technology Fund. These settlement payments are reflected in the net asset values of these four Seligman Funds. This settlement resolved all outstanding matters between the Seligman Parties and the NYAG.

In addition to the foregoing matter, the New York staff of the SEC indicated in September 2005 that it was considering recommending to the Commissioners of the SEC the instituting of a formal action against Seligman and Seligman Advisors, Inc. relating to frequent trading in the Seligman Funds. Seligman responded to the staff in October 2005 that it believed that any action would be both inappropriate and unnecessary, especially in light of the fact that Seligman had previously resolved the underlying issue with the Independent Directors of the Seligman Funds and made recompense to the affected Seligman Funds. There have been no further developments with the SEC on this matter.

Ameriprise Financial and certain of its affiliates have historically been involved in a number of legal, arbitration and regulatory proceedings, including routine litigation, class actions, and governmental actions, concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of their business activities. Ameriprise Financial believes that the Funds are not currently the subject of, and that neither Ameriprise Financial nor any of its affiliates are the subject of, any pending legal, arbitration or regulatory proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Funds or the ability of Ameriprise Financial or

 

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its affiliates to perform under their contracts with the Funds. Ameriprise Financial is required to make 10-Q, 10-K and, as necessary, 8-K filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission on legal and regulatory matters that relate to Ameriprise Financial and its affiliates. Copies of these filings may be obtained by accessing the SEC website at www.sec.gov.

There can be no assurance that these matters, or the adverse publicity associated with them, will not result in increased fund redemptions, reduced sale of fund shares or other adverse consequences to the Funds. Further, although we believe proceedings are not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Funds or the ability of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates to perform under their contracts with the Funds, these proceedings are subject to uncertainties and, as such, we are unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss that may result. An adverse outcome in one or more of these proceedings could result in adverse judgments, settlements, fines, penalties or other relief that could have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition or results of operations of Ameriprise Financial.

General Information

Custodians. The funds’ securities and cash are held pursuant to a custodian agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JPMorgan), 1 Chase Manhattan Plaza, 19th Floor, New York, NY 10005. The custodian is permitted to deposit some or all of their securities in central depository systems as allowed by federal law. For its services, each fund pays its custodian a maintenance charge and a charge per transaction in addition to reimbursing the custodian’s out-of-pocket expenses.

As part of this arrangement, securities purchased outside the United States are maintained in the custody of various foreign branches of JPMorgan or in other financial institutions as permitted by law and by the fund’s custodian agreement.

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, has been selected as auditors of the Fund. Their address is 220 S. 6th Street #1400, Minneapolis, MN 55402.

On March 11, 2009, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors recommended, and the Board of Directors, including a majority of those members who are not “interested persons” of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act), approved Ernst & Young LLP as the independent registered public accounting firm to serve as auditors for the Fund. Ernst & Young LLP began service as the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm effective March 18, 2009. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm was Deloitte & Touche LLP.

During the Fund’s fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the subsequent interim period preceding Ernst & Young LLP’s appointment, neither the Fund nor anyone on behalf of the Fund consulted with Ernst & Young LLP on any matter regarding: (1) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the Fund’s financial statements, and neither a written report was provided to the Fund nor oral advice was provided that Ernst & Young LLP concluded was an important factor considered by the Fund in reaching a decision as to the accounting, auditing or financial reporting issue; or (2) either a disagreement or a reportable event, as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(iv) and (v) of Regulation S-K, respectively.

 

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Appendix D—Pro Forma Financial Statements of RiverSource Variable Portfolio—S&P 500 Index Fund, Seligman

Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Larger-Cap Value Fund, Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap

Value Fund, Seligman Global Technology Portfolio and Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series

NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE PRO FORMA EFFECTS OF THE REORGANIZATIONS

The unaudited pro forma information set forth below for the twelve month periods ended on the dates indicated is intended to present supplemental data as if the reorganizations of one or more funds (each a “Selling Fund” and together, the “Selling Funds”) into other corresponding funds (each a “Buying Fund” and together, the “Buying Funds”), as noted in Table 1 below (the “Reorganizations”), had occurred as of the beginning of the period (unless otherwise noted). No Reorganization is contingent upon any other Reorganization. Information has not been presented for any Reorganizations involving a Selling Fund the net assets of which were less than 10% of the net assets of the corresponding Buying Fund as of November 30, 2010.

Table 1—Reorganizations

 

Selling Fund

 

Buying Fund

 

Period Ended

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series   Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund   June 30, 2010
Seligman Capital Portfolio   Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series   June 30, 2010
Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio   Seligman Variable Portfolio— Smaller-Cap Value Fund   June 30, 2010
Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio   Seligman Global Technology Portfolio   June 30, 2010

Basis of Combination

In August 2010 (September 2010 for Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series), the Boards of Directors/Trustees of the Selling Funds approved an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Plan of Reorganization”) pursuant to which, subject to shareholder approval, each Selling Fund will transfer all of its assets to the corresponding Buying Fund in exchange for shares of the corresponding Buying Fund (“Reorganization Shares”) and each Buying Fund will assume all of the liabilities of the corresponding Selling Fund. Selling Fund shareholders will receive the class of Reorganization Shares indicated in Table 2 below. Each Buying Fund will issue Reorganization Shares with an aggregate net asset value equal to the aggregate value of the assets that it receives from the corresponding Selling Fund, less the liabilities it assumes from the corresponding Selling Fund. All Reorganization Shares delivered to the Selling Funds will be delivered at net asset value without a sales load, commission or other similar fee being imposed. Immediately following the transfer, the Reorganization Shares received by each Selling Fund attributable to each class thereof will be distributed pro rata, on what is expected to be a tax-free basis for U.S. federal income tax purposes, to the shareholders of such class of the Selling Fund in proportion to their holdings of shares of the Selling Fund.

 

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Table 2—Reorganization Shares

 

Selling Fund Share Class

       

Reorganization Share Class

Class A    g    Class 1
Class B    g    Class 2
Class 1*    g    Class A
Class 2*    g    Class B
Class 1    g    Class 1
Class 2    g    Class 2
Class 3    g    Class 3

 

* Shares of Seligman Capital Portfolio

Under the terms of the Plan of Reorganization, each Reorganization will be accounted for by the method of accounting for tax-free mergers of investment companies. Following the Reorganizations, the Buying Funds will be the accounting survivors. In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, the historical cost of investment securities will be carried forward to the surviving funds and the results of operations for pre-Reorganization periods will not be restated. The costs of the Reorganizations, current estimates of which are set forth in Table 5 below, will be borne by the Selling Funds and the Buying Funds (each a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”) up to the amount of the anticipated reduction in expenses borne by that Fund over the first year following the Reorganization. Any Reorganization expenses otherwise allocable to a Fund that are in excess of that limitation will be borne by Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (“Columbia Management”) or its affiliates and not by any other Fund. If a Reorganization is not consummated, Columbia Management or its affiliates will bear the costs associated with that Reorganization. The pro forma information provided herein should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements of the Funds included in their most recent annual reports and, as applicable, the unaudited financial statements of the Funds included in their most recent semi-annual reports, in each case dated as indicated in Table 3 below.

Table 3—Shareholder Report Dates

 

Fund

   Annual Report      Semi-Annual Report  

Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

     12/31/2009         6/30/2010   

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

     12/31/2009         6/30/2010   

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Buying Fund)

     12/31/2009         6/30/2010   

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Selling Fund)

     12/31/2009         6/30/2010   

Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

     12/31/2009         6/30/2010   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

     12/31/2009         6/30/2010   

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Buying Fund)

     12/31/2009         6/30/2010   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Selling Fund)

     12/31/2009         6/30/2010   

Table 4 below presents, as of the date indicated, the net assets of each Fund.

Table 4—Selling Funds and Buying Funds Net Assets

 

Fund

   Net Assets      As-Of Date  

Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

   $ 204,391,880         6/30/2010   

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

   $ 53,446,725         6/30/2010   

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Buying Fund)

   $ 26,881,423         6/30/2010   

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   $ 7,411,954         6/30/2010   

Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

   $ 71,535,337         6/30/2010   

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   $ 85,327,553         6/30/2010   

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Buying Fund)

   $ 4,709,825         6/30/2010   

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   $ 52,754,968         6/30/2010   

 

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Table 5 presents the estimated Reorganization costs (exclusive of any transaction costs associated with any portfolio realignment); the net assets as of the date indicated in Table 4 above of each Buying Fund assuming the indicated Reorganizations occurred on that date, after accounting for the estimated Reorganization costs to be borne by the Buying Fund and the corresponding Selling Fund; and, on a pro forma basis, the estimated relative increases or decreases in combined operating expenses that would have been incurred during the one-year period ended on the date indicated in Table 4 above. The pro forma increases and decreases represent the differences between (i) the combined expenses actually charged to the Buying Fund and the Selling Fund during the period and (ii) the expenses that would have been charged to the combined assets of the Buying and Selling Funds if the reorganizations and other contractual changes had occurred at the beginning of the year.

The unaudited pro forma information set forth in Table 5 below reflects adjustments made to expenses for differences in contractual rates, duplicate services and other services that would not have occurred if the Reorganizations had taken place on the first day of the period described in Table 1 above. The pro forma information has been derived from the books and records of the Funds utilized in calculating daily net asset value for the Funds and has been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, which require the use of management estimates. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Table 5—Estimated Reorganization Costs, Combined Fund Net Assets and Pro Forma Increases or Decreases in Expenses (1)

 

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund,

Variable Series into Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund

      

Estimated Reorganization Costs

   $ 40,761   

Combined Fund Net Assets as of the Date Indicated in Table 4

   $ 257,797,844   
     Increase (Decrease)  

Management fees (2)

   $ 347,081   

Custodian fees (3)

     ($9,517

Pricing and bookkeeping (4)

     ($48,275

Professional fees (5)

     ($50,554

Reports to shareholders (5)

     ($4,316

Transfer agency fees (3)

   $ 34,695   

Other (5)

     ($12,079
     (Increase) Decrease  

Waiver and/or reimbursement of fund expenses (6)

     ($231,523

 

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Seligman Capital Portfolio into Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund,
Variable Series

      

Estimated Reorganization Costs

   $ 6,755   

Combined Fund Net Assets as of the Date Indicated in Table 4

   $ 34,286,622   
     Increase (Decrease)  

Management fees (7)

   $ 54,952   

Custodian fees (3)

     ($29,378

Pricing and bookkeeping (4)

     ($47,912

Professional fees (5)

     ($65,334

Reports to shareholders (5)

     ($4,926

Transfer agency fees (3)

   $ 18,410   

Other (5)

   $ 2,748   
     (Increase) Decrease  

Waiver and/or reimbursement of fund expenses (6)

   $ 55,146   

 

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio into

Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund

      

Estimated Reorganization Costs

   $ 44,460   

Combined Fund Net Assets as of the Date Indicated in Table 4

   $ 156,818,430   
     Increase (Decrease)  

Management fees (2)

     ($204,300

Custodian fees (3)

   $ 11,341   

Professional fees (5)

     ($26,670

Reports to shareholders (5)

     ($3,898

Transfer agency fees (3)

   $ 3,923   

Other (5)

     ($3,283
     (Increase) Decrease  

Waiver and/or reimbursement of fund expenses (6)

   $ 9,485   

 

Seligman Communications and Information

Portfolio into Seligman Global Technology Portfolio

      

Estimated Reorganization Costs

   $ —     

Combined Fund Net Assets as of the Date Indicated in Table 4

   $ 57,464,793   
     Increase (Decrease)  

Management fees (7)

   $ 142,085   

Custodian fees (3)

   $ 48,534   

Professional fees (5)

     ($29,393

Reports to shareholders (5)

     ($3,982

Transfer agency fees (3)

     ($117

Other (5)

     ($899
     (Increase) Decrease  

Waiver and/or reimbursement of fund expenses (6)

     ($204,412

 

(1) See “Fees and Expenses” in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus for more information.

 

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(2) Management fees are composed of an advisory fee and an administration fee and have been adjusted to reflect (i) the contractual rates charged to the Buying Fund and, as applicable (ii) the elimination of the performance incentive adjustment for the Buying Fund, proposed to be effective in the second quarter of 2011, subject to shareholder approval.
(3) Adjustment reflects changes in contractual rates.
(4) Adjustment reflects changes in contractual rates. This service will not be separately charged and will be provided as a component of administration services.
(5) Adjustment reflects the elimination of duplicate services.
(6) Adjustment reflects the aggregate (increase) decrease in expense reimbursements and/or waivers by Columbia Management and its affiliates.
(7) Management fees are composed of an advisory fee and an administration fee and have been adjusted to reflect the contractual rates charged to the Buying Fund, proposed to be effective in the second quarter of 2011.

Pursuant to an Investment Management Services Agreement with Columbia Management, each Fund pays a monthly management fee to Columbia Management based on the average daily net assets of the Fund, at the annual rates shown in Table 6 below. The Board of Directors/Trustees of each Buying Fund has approved a new Investment Management Services Agreement (“New Agreement”) for each of the Buying Funds, under which management fees would be paid to Columbia Management based on the average daily net assets of the Fund, at the annual rates shown below.

For Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, the New Agreement also reflects the elimination of a performance incentive adjustment (“PIA”). The PIA adjusts the investment management fee upward or downward monthly by measuring the percentage difference over a rolling 12-month period between the annualized performance of one Class 3 share of the Fund and the annualized performance of the Lipper Large-Cap Growth Funds Index. The maximum adjustment is 0.12% per year. If the performance difference is less than 0.50%, the adjustment will be zero.

For Seligman Variable Portfolio—Smaller-Cap Value Fund, the New Agreement also reflects the elimination of the PIA. The PIA adjusts the investment management fee upward or downward monthly by measuring the percentage difference over a rolling 12-month period between the annualized performance of one Class 3 share of the Fund and the annualized performance of the Lipper Small-Cap Core Funds Index. The maximum adjustment is 0.12% per year. If the performance difference is less than 0.50%, the adjustment will be zero.

The New Agreements for Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund, Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series and Seligman Variable Portfolio - Smaller-Cap Value Fund are each subject to approval by shareholders of such Buying Funds.

 

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Table 6—Investment Management Fees

 

Fund

   Assets (billions)    Annual Rate at
Each Asset Level
(Current)
  Annual Rate at
Each Asset Level
(Buying Fund—
Proposed)

Seligman Variable Portfolio - Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

   First $0.5    0.600%   0.710%
   Next $0.5    0.600%   0.665%
   Next $0.5    0.575%   0.620%
   Next $0.5    0.575%   0.570%
   Next $1.0    0.550%   0.570%
   Next $3.0    0.525%   0.560%
   Next $1.5    0.500%   0.540%
   Next $2.5    0.485%   0.540%
   Next $5.0    0.470%   0.540%
   Next $5.0    0.450%   0.540%
   Next $4.0    0.425%   0.540%
   Next $26.0    0.400%   0.540%
   Over $50.0    0.375%   0.540%

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

   First $1.0    0.500%   N/A
   Over $1.0    0.450%  

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Buying Fund)

   First $0.5    0.650%   0.760%
   Next $0.5    0.650%   0.715%
   Next $0.5    0.650%   0.670%
   Over $1.5    0.650%   0.620%

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   All    0.355%   N/A

Seligman Variable Portfolio - Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

   First $0.25    0.790%   0.790%
   Next $0.25    0.765%   0.790%
   Next $0.25    0.740%   0.745%
   Next $0.25    0.715%   0.745%
   Next $1.00    0.690%   0.700%
   Over $2.00    0.665%   0.700%

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   First $0.50    0.935%   N/A
   Next $0.50    0.840%  
   Over $1.0    0.745%  

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Buying Fund)

   First $2.0    0.950%   Same as Current
   Next $2.0    0.910%  
   Over $4.0    0.870%  

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   First $0.250    0.705%   N/A
   Next $2.750    0.855%  
   Next $3.000    0.825%  
   Over $6.000    0.725%  

 

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Pursuant to an Administrative Services Agreement with Columbia Management or Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (“Ameriprise Financial”), as indicated in Table 7 below, each Fund’s administrator (“Administrator”) provides most administrative services to the Fund. For all services provided under the Administrative Services Agreement, each Fund pays its Administrator a monthly administration fee as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets, at the annual rates shown in Table 7 below. The Board of Directors/Trustees of each Buying Fund has approved a new Administrative Services Agreement for the Fund under which administration fees would be paid to Columbia Management based on the average daily net assets of the Fund, at the annual rates shown below.

Table 7—Administration Fees

 

Fund

   Administrator    Assets (billions)    Annual Rate at
Each Asset Level
(Current)
  Annual Rate at
Each Asset Level
(Buying Fund—
New)

Seligman Variable Portfolio—Growth Fund (Buying Fund)

   Ameriprise    First $0.5    0.060%   Same as Current
   Financial    Next $0.5    0.055%  
      Next $2.0    0.050%  
      Next $9.0    0.040%  
      Over $12.0    0.030%  

Columbia Large Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Selling Fund)

   Columbia    All    0.150%   N/A
   Management        

Columbia Mid Cap Growth Fund, Variable Series (Buying Fund)

   Columbia    First $0.5    0.23%   0.060%
   Management    Next $0.5    0.23%   0.055%
      Next $2.0    0.23%   0.050%
      Next $9.0    0.23%   0.040%
      Over $12.0    0.23%   0.030%

Seligman Capital Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   Ameriprise    First $0.5    0.060%   N/A
   Financial    Next $0.5    0.055%  

Seligman Communications and Information Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   Ameriprise    Next $2.0    0.050%  
   Financial    Next $9.0    0.040%  
      Over $12.0    0.030%  

Seligman Variable Portfolio - Smaller-Cap Value Fund (Buying Fund)

   Ameriprise    First $0.5    0.080%   Same as Current
   Financial    Next $0.5    0.075%  
      Next $2.0    0.070%  

Seligman Global Technology Portfolio (Buying Fund)

   Ameriprise    Next $9.0    0.060%  
   Financial    Over $12.0    0.050%  

Seligman Smaller-Cap Value Portfolio (Selling Fund)

   Ameriprise    First $0.5    0.080%   N/A
   Financial    Next $0.5    0.075%  
      Next $2.0    0.070%  
      Next $9.0    0.060%  
      Over $12.0    0.050%  

Ameriprise Financial provides accounting services as part of its Administrative Services Agreement. State Street Bank and Trust Company provides accounting services to the Funds administered by Columbia Management.

 

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Table of Contents

Columbia Management Investment Services Corp., an affiliate of Columbia Management, is the transfer agent for each Fund. Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc., an affiliate of Columbia Management, is the distributor for each Fund.

No significant accounting policies will change as the result of the proposed Reorganizations.

The estimated costs of the Reorganizations shown in Table 5 above do not reflect any brokerage commissions incurred by a Fund in connection with any portfolio realignment. Columbia Management expects that, subsequent to the Reorganizations, there may be some portfolio realignment of the Buying Funds (of securities acquired from the Selling Funds). However, Columbia Management expects that any such portfolio realignment will not result in any significant increase in a Buying Fund’s portfolio turnover rate, relative to its historical portfolio turnover rates. Columbia Management also does not expect any incremental trading costs to be significant.

Federal Income Taxes

Please see “Tax Status of the Reorganizations” in the Prospectus/Proxy Statement for a discussion of the tax effects of each Reorganization.

It is each Fund’s policy to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment companies, and to distribute all of its investment company taxable income to shareholders. After the Reorganizations, the Buying Funds intend to continue to qualify as regulated investment companies.

 

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