Note 4.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments

The estimated fair values have been determined by the Company using available market information from various market sources and appropriate valuation methodologies as of the respective dates. However, considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and to develop the estimates of fair value. Although management is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts which the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

The following describes the fair value hierarchy and provides information as to the extent to which the Company uses fair value to measure the value of its financial instruments and information about the inputs used to value those financial instruments. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs in the valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels.

Level 1

Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. The Company’s financial instruments valued using Level 1 criteria include cash equivalents, U.S. Treasury securities and exchange traded common stocks.

Level 2

Observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, for an asset or liability or prices for similar assets or liabilities. The Company’s financial instruments valued using Level 2 criteria include significantly most of its fixed maturities, which consist of U.S. Government securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions, and certain corporate fixed maturities, as well as its non-redeemable preferred stocks. In determining fair value measurements of its fixed maturities and non-redeemable preferred stocks using Level 2 criteria, the Company utilizes data from outside sources, including nationally recognized pricing services and broker/dealers. Prices for the majority of the Company’s Level 2 fixed maturities and non-redeemable preferred stocks were determined using unadjusted prices received from pricing services that utilize a matrix pricing concept, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities based on various relationships to other benchmark quoted prices.

Level 3

Valuations that are derived from techniques in which one or more of the significant inputs are unobservable (including assumptions about risk). Fair value is based on criteria that use assumptions or other data that are not readily observable from objective sources. The Company’s financial instruments valued using Level 3 criteria consist of a limited number of fixed maturities. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the value of the Company’s fixed maturities valued using Level 3 criteria was $1,174 and $1,066, respectively. The use of different criteria or assumptions regarding data may have yielded materially different valuations.

As of June 30, 2019, financial instruments carried at fair value were measured on a recurring basis as summarized below:

	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)			Total
Assets:
Fixed maturities	$	11,603	$	210,498		$	1,174	⁽¹⁾	$	223,275
Equity securities		15,855		4,600	⁽¹⁾		—			20,455
Cash equivalents		6,925		—			—			6,925
Total	$	34,383	$	215,098		$	1,174		$	250,655

⁽¹⁾

All underlying securities are financial services industry related.

As of December 31, 2018, financial instruments carried at fair value were measured on a recurring basis as summarized below:

	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)			Total
Assets:
Fixed maturities	$	11,413	$	197,907		$	1,066	⁽¹⁾	$	210,386
Equity securities		16,398		4,360	⁽¹⁾		—			20,758
Cash equivalents		8,250		—			—			8,250
Total	$	36,061	$	202,267		$	1,066		$	239,394

⁽¹⁾

All underlying securities are financial services industry related.

The following tables provide a roll-forward of the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three month and six month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

	Fixed Maturities
Balance, December 31, 2018	$	1,066
Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive loss		49
Balance, March 31, 2019		1,115
Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income		59
Balance, June 30, 2019	$	1,174

	Fixed Maturities
Balance, December 31, 2017	$	1,369
Total unrealized losses included in other comprehensive loss		(30	)
Balance, March 31, 2018		1,339
Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive loss		7
Balance, June 30, 2018	$	1,346

The Company’s fixed maturities valued using Level 3 inputs consist solely of issuances of pooled debt obligations of multiple, smaller financial services companies that are not actively traded. There are no assumed prepayments and/or default probability assumptions as a majority of these instruments contain certain U.S. government agency strips to support repayment of the principal. Other qualitative and quantitative information received from the original underwriter of the pooled offerings is also considered, as applicable.

The following table sets forth the carrying amount, estimated fair value and level within the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

			June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Level in Fair Value Hierarchy ⁽¹⁾		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1		$	11,450	$	11,450	$	12,630	$	12,630
Fixed maturities	₍₁	₎		223,275		223,275		210,386		210,386
Equity securities	₍₁	₎		20,455		20,455		20,758		20,758
Other invested assets	Level 3			7,380		7,380		7,424		7,424
Policy loans	Level 2			2,007		2,007		2,085		2,085
Real estate	Level 2			38		38		38		38
Investment in unconsolidated trusts	Level 2			1,238		1,238		1,238		1,238

Liabilities:
Junior subordinated debentures, net	Level 2			33,738		33,738		33,738		33,738

⁽¹⁾

See the aforementioned information for a description of the fair value hierarchy as well as a disclosure of levels for classes of these financial assets.

There have not been any transfers between Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 during the periods presented in these condensed consolidated financial statements.