10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K
Table of Contents

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

(Mark One)

  x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008

 

OR

 

  ¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission file number 814-00149

 

LOGO

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

Delaware   52-1451377

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

2 Bethesda Metro Center

14th Floor

Bethesda, Maryland 20814

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

(301) 951-6122

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class  

Name of each exchange

on which registered

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share   The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
  (NASDAQ Global Select Market)

 

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: NONE

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨.    No  þ.

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.    Yes ¨.        No  þ.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter earlier period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes þ.        No  ¨ .

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Act.

 

Large accelerated filer  x    Accelerated filer  ¨
Non-accelerated filer  ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller Reporting Company  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes ¨    No.  x

 

As of June 30, 2008, the aggregate market value of the Registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant was approximately $4.6 billion based upon a closing price of the Registrant’s common stock of $23.77 per share as reported on The NASDAQ Global Select Market on that date. (For this computation, the registrant has excluded the market value of all shares of its common stock reported as beneficially owned by executive officers and directors of the registrant and certain other shareholders; such an exclusion shall not be deemed to constitute an admission that any such person is an “affiliate” of the registrant.)

 

As of January 31, 2009, there were 204,726,614 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE. The Registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is incorporated by reference into certain sections of Part III herein.

 

Certain exhibits previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission are incorporated by reference into Part IV of this report.

 

 


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I.      
Item 1.    Business    3
Item 1A.    Risk Factors    23
Item 1B.    Unresolved Staff Comments    35
Item 2.    Properties    35
Item 3.    Legal Proceedings    35
Item 4.    Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    35
PART II.      
Item 5.   

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

   36
Item 6.    Selected Financial Data    41
Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    43
Item 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk    91
Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    93
Item 9.    Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    173
Item 9A.    Controls and Procedures    173
Item 9B.    Other Information    173
PART III.      
Item 10.    Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance    174
Item 11.    Executive Compensation    174
Item 12.   

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

   174
Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence    174
Item 14.    Principal Accountant Fees and Services    174
PART IV.      
Item 15.    Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules    174
Signatures    178

 

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PART I

 

Item 1. Business

 

General

 

American Capital, Ltd. (formerly known as American Capital Strategies, Ltd, and is referred to throughout this report as “American Capital”, “we” and “us”) is a publicly traded private equity firm and global asset manager. We invest in private equity, private debt, private real estate investments, early and late stage technology investments, special situation investments, alternative asset funds managed by us and structured finance investments. These investments constitute, in part, what are considered alternative assets. We provide investors the opportunity to participate in the private equity and alternative asset management industry through an investment in our publicly traded stock.

 

On August 29, 1997, we completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) and became a non-diversified closed end investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“1940 Act”). As a BDC, we primarily invest in senior debt, mezzanine debt and equity in the buyouts of private companies sponsored by us, the buyouts of private companies sponsored by other private equity firms and provide capital directly to early stage and mature private and small public companies. We refer to our investments in these companies as our private finance portfolio companies. We also invest in structured finance investments including commercial mortgage backed securities (“CMBS”), commercial collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) securities and collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) securities. We refer to our investments in these securities as Structured Products. Through a portfolio company, we are also an alternative asset manager with $13 billion of assets under management as of December 31, 2008, including $5 billion of third-party assets. Our third-party alternative asset fund management services are conducted through our wholly-owned portfolio company, American Capital, LLC. Our primary business objectives are to increase our taxable income, net realized earnings and net asset value by making investments with attractive current yields and/or potential for equity appreciation and realized gains.

 

We also operate so as to qualify to be taxed as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) as defined in Subtitle A, Chapter 1, under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a RIC, we are not subject to federal income tax on the portion of our taxable income and capital gains we distribute to our shareholders.

 

In addition to managing American Capital’s assets and providing management services to portfolio companies of American Capital, we, through our ownership of American Capital, LLC, also manage the following alternative asset funds: European Capital Limited (“European Capital”), American Capital Agency Corp. (“AGNC”), American Capital Equity I, LLC (“ACE I”), American Capital Equity II, LP (“ACE II”), ACAS CLO 2007-1, Ltd. (“ACAS CLO-1”) and ACAS CRE CDO 2007-1, Ltd. (“ACAS CRE CDO”).

 

Our business consists of two primary segments—our investment portfolio and our alternative asset management business.

 

Corporate Information

 

Our executive offices are located at 2 Bethesda Metro Center, 14th Floor, Bethesda, Maryland 20814 and our telephone number is (301) 951-6122. In addition to our executive offices, we, or our portfolio company American Capital, LLC, maintain offices in New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Dallas, Boston, London, Paris, Frankfurt, and Hong Kong.

 

We make available all of our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to such reports free of charge on our internet website at www.americancapital.com as soon as reasonably practical after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These reports are also available on the SEC’s internet website at www.sec.gov.

 

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Significant Developments in our Business in 2008

 

Global Financial Crisis

 

There have been traumatic developments in the capital markets worldwide over the past eighteen months. These developments began with credit problems in residential real estate, which led to a lack of liquidity and dramatic depreciation of residential real estate, and by extension, residential mortgage backed securities. The problems soon extended to disruptions in the markets and value of other structured finance products.

 

These developments caused a series of failures to befall a large number of financial institutions, which participated in the origination or underwriting of structured products or that invested in them. Public companies have had to depreciate their assets as trading values of structured finance products and other credit assets declined. At the end of the first quarter of 2008, The Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. collapsed and was sold to JP Morgan Chase & Co., with a large amount of Federal government assistance. This was followed by almost weekly revelations of illiquid and teetering financial institutions, government assistance and rapid mergers including Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc., Washington Mutual, Inc., Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), American International Group, Inc., Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. and Wachovia Corporation among others.

 

These developments have caused large and small corporations the world over to have significant difficulty borrowing on a short and long term basis and in raising capital. This has adversely affected aspects of businesses that rely on borrowed funds and new capital to grow and fund operations.

 

We have been significantly impacted by these developments, as has virtually every financial institution in the world. The global financial crisis has impacted our ability to currently access the debt and equity capital markets, has resulted in significant depreciation of our investment portfolio and may impact our ability to continue to exit portfolio investments in the near term. We continued to generate liquidity through the sales and repayments of portfolio investments generating over $2.2 billion of realizations of portfolio investments in 2008. However, although we currently have investments in various stages of the sales process, the increasing liquidity crisis could make it difficult for us to continue to generate significant liquidity through sales of portfolio investments at attractive prices. We also believe that the liquidity crisis will limit our ability to raise public equity and public and privately sourced debt in 2009. Our 2009 business plan assumes no new capital raises, continued delevering of our balance sheet and the reinvestment of capital only as we experience liquidity through realizations from exits and repayments.

 

Going Concern

 

Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has concluded that substantial doubt exists about our ability to continue as a going concern, and has included an explanatory paragraph to describe this uncertainty in its audit report on our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008 included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We incurred a net loss of $3.1 billion and recognized $3.5 billion of net unrealized depreciation on our portfolio investments for the year ended December 31, 2008 and our shareholders’ equity has decreased from $6.4 billion as of December 31, 2007 to $3.2 billion as of December 31, 2008. While there were declines in the performance of our portfolio investments during 2008, a significant portion of the depreciation that we have reported to date is not the result of credit impairment of our underlying assets, but rather of an unprecedented widening of investment spreads caused by distressed selling in trading markets for assets deemed to be comparable to our assets, declines in purchase multiples of middle market acquisition transactions during 2008 and application of market yield analysis to assets that were acquired with the intent of holding them to settlement or maturity as opposed to trading them. However, as a result of such unrealized depreciation, we are currently in breach of certain financial covenants under our revolving credit facilities and unsecured debt borrowing arrangements, which had an aggregate $2.3 billion outstanding (out of $4.4 billion of total debt) as of December 31, 2008.

 

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As a BDC, we are generally prohibited under the 1940 Act from issuing any senior security representing indebtedness if immediately after such issuance we do not have an asset coverage ratio of at least 200%, which is calculated as the amount of our total assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by senior securities representing indebtedness. Due to the significant net unrealized depreciation and resulting decrease in our shareholders’ equity during 2008, we are currently below the 200% asset coverage ratio required to issue additional debt. Also, we are in breach of the minimum consolidated tangible net worth, portfolio charge-off and other asset coverage covenants in certain of our borrowing arrangements. As a result, the lenders and note holders under such borrowing arrangements could discontinue lending and/or declare all borrowings outstanding to be immediately due and payable after any applicable notice and/or cure periods. If any of these events occur, there is no assurance that we will have sufficient funds available to pay in full the total amount of obligations that would become due as a result of any such debt acceleration, or that we will be able to obtain additional or alternative financing to pay or refinance any such accelerated obligations.

 

We did not include any adjustments to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to reflect the possible future effects that may result from the uncertainty of our ability to continue as a going concern because we believe that we will continue to be a financially sound and viable business, continuing to invest in the debt and equity capital of middle market companies and alternative asset funds, provide managerial assistance to our portfolio companies and provide value to our shareholders. As of December 31, 2008, we had $209 million in cash and cash equivalents and $71 million of restricted cash and cash equivalents, consisting primarily of interest and principal payments on assets that are securitized. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we had $654 million of positive cash flow from operating and investing activities, including $2.2 billion of principal payments, prepayments and exits from portfolio investments. Management believes that we have adequate liquidity to continue to fund our operations and the interest payments on our borrowing arrangements in the absence of an acceleration of the maturity of such debt. We have also undertaken or expect to commence the following efforts:

 

   

We have entered into discussions with the lenders under our unsecured revolving credit facility and our private unsecured note holders, and plan to enter into discussions with our public note holders, regarding a restructuring of the borrowing arrangements;

 

   

We expect to minimize our cash dividend distributions while maintaining our RIC status;

 

   

We reduced headcount by 32% and offices by 29% in 2008;

 

   

We reduced bonuses by 93% in 2008;

 

   

We generated $2.2 billion of principal payments, prepayments and exits in 2008;

 

   

We reduced debt by over $900 million, or 18%, since the second quarter of 2007;

 

   

We repaid all of our borrowings outstanding under our secured credit facility in the past year; and

 

   

We have and continue to sell assets in the ordinary course of business in order to delever our balance sheet.

 

We also believe that we can carry out our plans and continue as a going concern, in part because our assets exceed our liabilities by $3.2 billion based on fair value as determined by generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), or $15.41 net asset value (“NAV”) per share. Furthermore, we believe that we can continue to generate net operating income from our investments (over twice the amount of our interest payments in 2008) that exceeds our projected interest payments. Along with the fact that our assets exceed our liabilities by $3.2 billion, and by $4.2 billion when determined using the amount that we anticipate realizing on settlement or maturity (“Realizable Value”), will allow us either to successfully renegotiate the borrowing arrangements with our lenders and note holders or to reorganize under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, significantly mitigating the risk of a forced liquidation. Finally, apart from our securitized loans which are non-recourse, none of our lenders currently have collateral security. Unsecured creditors generally have fewer

 

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rights than secured creditors in a bankruptcy proceeding. However, if we successfully renegotiate or amend our unsecured revolving credit facility and unsecured borrowing arrangements, we may have to provide a security interest to those lenders or note holders.

 

No assurance can be given that we will be successful in restructuring these borrowing arrangements on acceptable terms, if any, or amend such financial covenants in a manner sufficient to adequately reduce the risk of default in the near future. Should our lenders and/or other counterparties demand immediate repayment of all of our obligations, we will likely be unable to pay such obligations. In such event, we may have to recapitalize, refinance our obligations, sell some or all of our assets or seek to reorganize under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code.

 

In addition, pursuant to the terms of our unsecured revolving credit facility, during an event of default, the interest rate on our borrowings outstanding under the facility could increase by 2.00% at our lenders’ option. After all events of default under a credit facility have been cured or waived, the default rate for the facility is no longer applicable. Pursuant to the terms of our unsecured private notes, during an event of default, the note holders can declare that all amounts outstanding are immediately due and payable. Any overdue amount would accrue interest at a default rate equal to the greater of 2.00% above the stated rate, or if applicable, the prime rate. The note holders can rescind any acceleration if all late payments are made, all events of default are cured or waived and no judgment has been entered for the payment of money due under the notes. Pursuant to the terms of our public unsecured bonds, during an event of default, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding bonds may declare the principal and accrued interest to be due and payable immediately. Under certain circumstances, any such acceleration of the maturity of the bonds may be rescinded by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding bonds.

 

Upon adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“SFAS No. 159”), on January 1, 2008, we decided to not elect the fair value option for our debt and therefore all of our debt liabilities are reflected on our consolidated balance sheet at their stated maturity values of $4.4 billion as of December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2008, we estimate that the fair value of our debt is approximately $3.2 billion, or $1.2 billion less than the stated maturity values.

 

American Capital Agency Corp. IPO

 

In May 2008, AGNC successfully completed its IPO of ten million shares of common stock for proceeds, net of the underwriters’ discount and offering expenses, of $186 million. In a private placement concurrent with the AGNC IPO, we purchased five million shares of AGNC common stock at the IPO price of $20.00 per share, for a purchase price of $100 million. AGNC’s net proceeds from the IPO and the concurrent private placement were $286 million. The shares are traded on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “AGNC.” AGNC is a mortgage real estate investment trust, or REIT, that invests exclusively in single-family residential mortgage pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations, or CMOs, on a leveraged basis where principal and interest payments on the pass-through securities are guaranteed by government-sponsored entities such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac or by a U.S. Government agency such as the Government National Mortgage Association, or Ginnie Mae. We refer to these securities as agency securities. American Capital, LLC is the investment manager of AGNC and earns an annual base management fee of 1.25% of AGNC’s stockholders’ equity. Our equity investment in AGNC was valued at $102 million as of December 31, 2008.

 

Proposed Acquisition of Minority Interest of European Capital

 

On November 10, 2008, American Capital and European Capital entered into an implementation agreement regarding our proposal to acquire all of the ordinary shares of European Capital held by other investors, representing 32.3% of European Capital’s outstanding ordinary shares, by means of a scheme of arrangement provided for under Guernsey company law. Terms of the agreement call for each European Capital shareholder to receive 0.333 American Capital shares of common stock for every one ordinary share of European Capital.

 

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Based on the outstanding ordinary shares of European Capital, this would represent 11.5 million shares of our common stock. The proposed acquisition is subject to approval by a special majority of the shareholders of European Capital other than American Capital, and Guernsey court approval and other normal closing requirements. The proposed acquisition is expected to close in the first quarter of 2009. The implementation agreement provides that prior to the closing of the transaction, European Capital will not declare additional dividends without the prior approval of us. In the event that any dividends are declared by either us or European Capital with a record date after the date of this announcement and prior to effective date, an appropriate adjustment will be made to the consideration payable to European Capital shareholders pursuant to the agreement. On February 19, 2009, American Capital shareholders approved a proposal authorizing American Capital to sell shares of its common stock below its NAV per share in certain instances, including in connection with the proposed acquisition of European Capital. European Capital shareholders are scheduled to vote on the proposed transaction on March 19, 2009.

 

Strategic Restructuring

 

To better align our organization and cost structure with current economic conditions, we undertook a strategic review of our business in 2008 that resulted in the closing of several offices and the elimination of certain functions at other offices. We recorded an aggregate restructuring charge of $19 million, including $10 million for severance and related costs associated with 160 employees and $9 million of costs related to excess facilities.

 

American Capital Investment Portfolio

 

We provide investment capital to middle market companies, which we generally consider to be companies with sales between $10 million and $750 million. We primarily invest in senior debt, mezzanine debt and equity in the buyouts of private companies sponsored by us, the buyouts of private companies sponsored by other private equity firms and provide capital directly to early stage and mature private and small public companies. Currently, we will invest up to $400 million in a single middle market transaction in North America. We also invest in Structured Products and alternative asset funds managed by us. For summary financial information by segment and geographic area, see note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

As of December 31, 2008, our average investment size, at fair value, was $33 million, or 0.4% of total assets, and we had investments in 223 portfolio companies. As of December 31, 2008, our ten largest investments were as follows (in millions):

 

Company Name

  

Industry

   Fair Value

European Capital Limited

   Diversified Financial Services    $ 481

RDR Holdings, Inc.

   Household Durables      340

WRH, Inc.

   Life Sciences Tools & Services      332

Mirion Technologies, Inc.

   Electrical Equipment      305

WIS Holding Company, Inc.

   Commercial Services & Supplies      267

Orchard Brands Corporation

   Internet & Catalog Retail      243

SMG Holdings, Inc.

   Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure      228

SPL Acquisition Corp.

   Pharmaceuticals      192

American Capital, LLC

   Capital Markets      175

Creditcards.com, Inc.

   Diversified Consumer Services      167
         

Total

      $ 2,730
         

 

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Historically, a majority of our financings have been to assist in the funding of change of control management buyouts, and we expect that trend to continue. A change of control transaction could be the result of a sale of a portfolio company by another private equity firm, a corporate divestiture, a sale of a family-owned or closely-held business, a going private transaction or an ownership transition. As an investor in the buyouts of other private equity firms, we also support other private equity sponsors with mezzanine debt, senior debt and minority equity investments in order to allow them to leverage their capital base. Since our IPO, we have partnered with approximately 150 equity sponsors.

 

Since our IPO through December 31, 2008, we invested committed capital of over $5.6 billion in equity securities and over $16.8 billion in debt securities of middle market companies and also invested $1.7 billion in Structured Products. Our loans typically range from $5 million to $100 million, mature in five to ten years, and require monthly or quarterly interest payments at fixed rates or variable rates generally based on LIBOR, plus a margin. We price our debt and equity investments based on our analysis of each transaction. As of December 31, 2008, the weighted average effective interest rate on our private finance debt investments was 10.7%, including the impact of non-accruing loans. As of December 31, 2008, we had a fully-diluted weighted average ownership interest of 43% in our private finance portfolio companies with a total equity investment at fair value of over $2.1 billion.

 

Our private finance portfolio investments consist of loans and equity securities primarily to privately-held middle market companies. There is generally no publicly available information about these companies and a primary or secondary market for the trading of these privately issued loans and equity securities generally does not exist. These investments have been historically exited through normal repayment or a change in control transaction such as a sale or recapitalization of the portfolio company. The opportunity to be repaid or exit our investments may occur if a portfolio company repays our loans out of cash flows, refinances our loans, is sold in a change of control transaction, or sells its equity in a public offering or if we exercise any put rights. As a public company, we can invest with a long-term horizon compared to a limited partnership, which typically have a finite life and must sell investments in order to return capital to investors in short time horizon.

 

Our ability to fund the entire capital structure is a competitive advantage in completing many middle market transactions. We often sponsor One-Stop Buyouts™ in which we provide most, if not all, of the senior debt, subordinated debt and equity financing in the transaction. We may initially fund all of the senior debt at closing and syndicate it to third-party lenders post closing. We have a loan syndications group that arranges to have all or part of the senior loans syndicated to third-party lenders. During the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, we syndicated $0.3 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, of senior debt to third-party lenders.

 

As a BDC, we are required by law to make significant managerial assistance available to most of our portfolio companies. Such assistance typically involves providing guidance and counsel concerning the management, operations and business objectives and policies of the portfolio company to it’s management and board of directors, including participating on the company’s board of directors. As of December 31, 2008, we had board seats at 86 out of 177 of our private finance and managed fund portfolio companies and had board observation rights on 23 of our remaining private finance portfolio companies. We also have an operations team, including ex-CEOs with significant turnaround and bankruptcy experience, which provides intensive operational and managerial assistance. Providing assistance to our portfolio companies serves as an opportunity for us to maximize their value.

 

Our Structured Products investments are generally in non-investment grade tranches, which means that major rating agencies rate them below the top four investment-grade rating categories (i.e., “AAA” through “BBB”). Non-investment grade tranches have a higher risk of loss but are expected to provide a higher yield than investment grade securities. We may also make select investments in investment grade tranches if the expected returns meet our overall portfolio targeted returns. We invest in Structured Products with the intention of holding them until maturity. An active market for most of the non-investment grade tranches of Structured Products in which we invest generally does not exist.

 

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Our investments in CMBS bonds are secured by diverse pools of high quality commercial mortgage loans. We also have an investment in ACAS CRE CDO, which is a commercial real estate CDO secured by CMBS bonds. Since our IPO through December 31, 2008, we have made $1.3 billion of investments in CMBS bonds. As of December 31, 2008, our total investment in CMBS bonds and ACAS CRE CDO at fair value was $108 million, or only 1% of our total investments. Our direct CMBS bonds and the CMBS bonds held by ACAS CRE CDO are secured by $117 billion of commercial mortgage loans, although senior creditors typically have claims against those loans that are superior to our interests. The actual experience to date for our investments in these securities has generally performed in accordance with our original underwriting assumptions and through December 31, 2008, we have experienced minimal losses of underlying commercial mortgage loan collateral of the CMBS bonds. However, the current macroeconomic factors could result in a future higher rate of default and loss rate of the loan collateral compared to what we originally expected when we underwrote the investments.

 

Our investments in commercial CLO securities are generally secured by diverse pools of commercial corporate loans and have minimal exposure to residential mortgage loans. Our investments are in 24 CLO funds managed by 18 separate portfolio managers. Certain of our commercial CLO investments are in a joint venture portfolio company. Since our IPO through December 31, 2008, we have made $319 million of investments in commercial CLO securities. As of December 31, 2008, our investment in commercial CLO securities at fair value was $78 million, or only 1% of our total investments. Our investments in commercial CLO securities are secured by $10 billion of primarily commercial loans, although senior creditors typically have claims against those loans that are superior to our interests. Our investments in these securities have generally performed in accordance with our original underwriting assumptions.

 

Our investments in CDO securities are generally secured by diverse pools of bonds of other securitizations including commercial loans, CMBS and residential mortgage backed securities. As of December 31, 2008, our total investment in our CDO securities at fair value was $0.3 million.

 

We have had 249 exits and repayments of over $11.3 billion of our originally invested committed capital, representing 47% of our total capital committed since our IPO, earning a 17% compounded annual return on these investments, including the interest, dividends, fees and net gains over the life of the investments. We have earned a 17% compounded annual return on the exit of our equity securities, including dividends, fees and net realized gains. Since our IPO through December 31, 2008, we have realized $1.3 billion in gross portfolio realized gains and $747 million in gross portfolio realized losses resulting in $546 million in cumulative portfolio net gains, excluding net gains and losses attributable to interest rate swap agreements, foreign currency and taxes on net gains.

 

Lending and Investment Decision Criteria

 

We review certain criteria in order to make investment decisions. The list below represents a general overview of the criteria we use in making our lending and investment decisions. Not all criteria are required to be favorable in order for us to make an investment. Add-on investments for growth, acquisitions or recapitalizations are based on the same general criteria. Add-on investments in distressed situations are based on the same general criteria, but are also evaluated on the potential to preserve prior investments.

 

Operating History. We generally focus on middle market companies that have been in business over ten years and have an attractive operating history, including generating positive cash flow. We generally target companies with significant market share in their products or services relative to their competitors. In addition, we consider factors such as customer concentration, performance during recessionary periods, competitive environment and ability to sustain margins. As of December 31, 2008, our current private finance portfolio companies had an average age of 29 years with 2008 average sales of $162 million and 2008 average adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) of $33 million and an EBITDA margin of 20%.

 

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Growth. We consider a target company’s ability to increase its cash flow. Anticipated growth is a key factor in determining the ability of the company to repay its debt and the value ascribed to any warrants and equity interests acquired by us.

 

Liquidation Value of Assets. Although we do not operate as an asset-based lender, liquidation value of the assets collateralizing our loans is a factor in many credit decisions. Emphasis is placed both on tangible assets such as accounts receivable, inventory, plant, property and equipment as well as intangible assets such as brand recognition, market reputation, customer lists, networks, databases and recurring revenue streams.

 

Experienced Management Team. We consider the quality of senior management to be extremely important to the long-term performance of most companies. Therefore, we consider it important that senior management be experienced and properly incentivized through meaningful ownership interest in the company.

 

Exit Strategy. Almost all of our investments consist of securities acquired directly from their issuers in private transactions. These securities are rarely traded in public markets, thus limiting their liquidity. Therefore, we consider it important that a prospective portfolio company have a number of methods by which our financing can be repaid and our equity investment sold or redeemed. These methods would typically include the sale or refinancing of the business or the ability to generate sufficient cash flow to repurchase our equity securities and repay our debt securities.

 

Structured Products Criteria. We receive extensive information from the issuer regarding the mortgage loans, commercial loans and other securities that are the underlying collateral for a CMBS, CLO or CDO pool. We extensively underwrite the collateral securing our investment as appropriate. For instance, on investments in the lowest rated tranches, we underwrite the commercial mortgage loans securing a CMBS transaction by inspecting the underlying properties securing the mortgage and the surrounding markets in which they reside, preparing an analysis of the historic and current cash flow of the properties based on our analysis of current rent rolls and estimates of appropriate operating expenses for the property. We then re-calculate the debt service coverage, assess the collateral value and resulting loan-to-value ratios, and review the pertinent loan documents and third-party reports such as appraisals, property condition and environmental reports. We study the local real estate market trends, review the credit worthiness of the sponsor and their past borrowing experience all to form an opinion as to whether the loan is an acceptable credit risk. Based on the findings of our diligence procedures, we may reject certain mortgage loans from inclusion in the collateral pool or request that the loan be restructured or individual loans repriced.

 

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Portfolio Composition

 

We primarily invest in senior debt, subordinated (mezzanine) debt, preferred and common equity and Structured Products. The composition summary of our investment portfolio as of December 31, 2008 at fair value as a percentage of total investments, excluding derivative and option agreements, is shown below:

 

LOGO

 

We have a diversified investment portfolio and do not concentrate in any one or two industry sectors. We use the Global Industry Classification Standards for classifying the industry groupings of our portfolio companies. The following chart shows the portfolio composition by industry grouping at fair value as a percentage of total investments, excluding derivative agreements as of December 31, 2008. Our investments in European Capital, CLO and CDO securities are excluded from the table below. Our investments in ACAS CRE CDO and CMBS are classified in the Real Estate category.

 

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LOGO

 

Alternative Asset Management Business

 

Existing Funds Under Management

 

As of December 31, 2008, our assets under management totaled $13 billion, including $5 billion of assets under management in our alternative asset funds. As of December 31, 2008, our capital resources under management totaled $14 billion, including $6 billion of capital resources under management in our alternative asset funds. Our third-party alternative asset management business is conducted through our wholly-owned portfolio company, American Capital, LLC. In general, wholly-owned subsidiaries of American Capital, LLC enter into management agreements with each of the managed alternative asset funds. The discussion of the operations of American Capital, LLC in this Annual Report on Form 10-K includes its wholly-owned consolidated subsidiaries.

 

American Capital, LLC had over 80 employees as of December 31, 2008, including ten investment teams with over 30 investment professionals located in three offices in London, Paris and Frankfurt. We also provide American Capital, LLC access to our employees, infrastructure, business relationships, management expertise and capital raising capabilities. We charge American Capital, LLC a fee for the use of these services. American Capital, LLC generally earns base management fees based on the size of the managed alternative asset funds and may earn incentive income based on the performance of the alternative asset funds. In addition, we may invest directly into our alternative asset funds and earn investment income from our investments in those funds.

 

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The following table sets forth certain information with respect to our alternative asset funds under management as of December 31, 2008.

 

     American Capital   European Capital   AGNC   ACE I   ACE II   ACAS CLO-1   ACAS CRE CDO

Fund type

   Public
Alternative
Asset Manager
& Fund
  Public Fund - London
Stock Exchange
  Public REIT Fund
- The NASDAQ
Global Market
  Private Fund   Private Fund   Private Fund   Private Fund

Established

   1986   2005   2008   2006   2007   2006   2007

Assets under management

   $7.9 Billion(1)   €1.9 Billion(2)   $1.7 Billion   $0.6 Billion   $0.3 Billion   $0.4 Billion   $0.1 Billion

Investment types

   Senior &
Subordinated
Debt, Equity,
CMBS, CLO
& CDO
  Senior & Subordinated
Debt, Equity, CLO

& CDO

  Agency Securities   Equity   Equity   Senior Debt   CMBS

Capital type

   Permanent   Permanent   Permanent   Finite Life   Finite Life   Finite Life   Finite Life

 

(1) Includes our investment in alternative asset funds that we manage.
(2) As of September 30, 2008.

 

European Capital is a publicly traded fund, which is not registered under U.S. securities law that invests in and sponsors management and employee buyouts, invests in private equity buyouts and provides capital directly to private and mid-sized public companies primarily in Europe. On May 10, 2007, European Capital closed on an IPO of ordinary shares, and the ordinary shares were admitted to the Official List of the U.K. Financial Services Authority and to trading on the main market of the London Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “ECAS.” American Capital, LLC earns a base management fee of 2% of European Capital’s assets and receives 20% of the net profits of European Capital, subject to certain hurdles.

 

On November 10, 2008, American Capital and European Capital entered into an implementation agreement regarding our proposal to acquire all of the ordinary shares of European Capital held by other investors, representing 32.3% of European Capital’s outstanding ordinary shares, by means of a scheme of arrangement provided for under Guernsey company law. Terms of the agreement call for each European Capital shareholder to receive 0.333 American Capital shares of common stock for every one ordinary share of European Capital. On February 19, 2009, American Capital shareholders approved a proposal authorizing American Capital to sell shares of its common stock below its NAV in certain instances, including in connection with the proposed acquisition of European Capital. European Capital shareholders are scheduled to vote on the proposed transaction on March 19, 2009.

 

AGNC is a publicly traded mortgage real estate investment trust, or REIT, that invests exclusively in agency securities. On May 20, 2008, AGNC successfully completed its IPO of ten million shares of common stock for proceeds, net of the underwriters’ discount and estimated expenses, of $186 million. In a private placement concurrent with the AGNC IPO, we purchased five million shares of AGNC common stock at the IPO price of $20.00 per share, for a purchase price of $100 million. AGNC’s net proceeds from the IPO and the concurrent private placement were $286 million. The shares are traded on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “AGNC.” American Capital, LLC earns a base management fee of 1.25% of AGNC’s stockholders’ equity.

 

ACE I is a private equity fund established in 2006 with $1 billion of equity commitments from third-party investors. ACE I purchased 30% of our equity investments in 96 portfolio companies for an aggregate purchase price of $671 million. Also, ACE I co-invested with American Capital in an amount equal to 30% of equity investments made by American Capital between October 2006 and November 2007 until the $329 million remaining equity commitment was exhausted. In addition, 10%, or $100 million, of the $1 billion of equity commitments are recallable for add-on investments with American Capital once they have been distributed to the third-party ACE I investors. As of December 31, 2008, there were $84 million of recallable distributions available for add-on investments. American Capital, LLC manages ACE I in exchange for a 2% base management fee on the net cost basis of ACE I’s assets and 10% to 30% of the net profits of ACE I, subject to certain hurdles.

 

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ACE II is a private equity fund established in 2007 with $585 million of equity commitments from third-party investors. ACE II purchased 17% of our equity investments in 80 portfolio companies for an aggregate purchase price of $488 million. The remaining $97 million commitments will be used to fund add-on investments in the 80 portfolio companies. In addition, 10%, or $59 million, of the $585 million of equity commitments are recallable for add-on investments with American Capital once they have been distributed to the third-party ACE II investors. As of December 31, 2008, ACE II had $89 million and $59 million of unfunded equity commitments and recallable distributions outstanding, respectively. American Capital, LLC manages ACE II in exchange for a 2% base management fee on the net cost basis of ACE II’s assets and 10% to 30% of the net profits of ACE II, subject to certain hurdles.

 

ACAS CLO-1 was established in 2006 as a “warehouse” to invest in broadly syndicated and middle market senior loans. In April 2007, ACAS CLO-1 completed a $400 million securitization. We purchased 55% of the BB rated notes and 70% of the non-rated subordinated notes in ACAS CLO-1 for a total purchase price of $33 million. American Capital, LLC earns a base management fee of 0.68% of ACAS CLO-1’s assets and receives 20% of the net profits of ACAS CLO-1, subject to certain hurdles.

 

ACAS CRE CDO was established in 2007 as a commercial real estate collateralized debt obligation trust that holds investments in subordinated tranches of CMBS trusts. We own investment grade and non-investment grade notes and preferred shares of ACAS CRE CDO. American Capital, LLC serves as the collateral manager for ACAS CRE CDO in exchange for an annual senior management fee of 7.5 basis points and a subordinate management fee of 7.5 basis points.

 

Alternative Asset Management Business Funds Under Development

 

While the current macroeconomic environment and liquidity crisis have currently limited our ability to access the debt and equity capital markets, we expect to continue to develop our third-party alternative asset management business as a publicly traded manager of funds of alternative assets through our investment in American Capital, LLC. Our corporate development team and marketing department conduct market research and due diligence to identify industry and geographic sectors of alternative assets that have attractive investment attributes and where we can create an alternative asset fund with attractive return prospects. In addition to alternative asset funds focused on a specific industry or geographic location, we will also identify potential alternative asset funds that will invest in a specific security type such as first lien debt, second lien debt, distressed debt, real estate loans or equity securities. As particular funds are selected, we may utilize professionals on staff with experience in the proposed asset class for the alternative asset fund, or we may hire investment professionals with experience in the proposed asset class for the potential alternative asset fund. We may make initial investments directly in the assets of a proposed alternative asset fund. Those assets may either be sold or contributed to the proposed alternative asset fund upon formation of the fund. We would expect American Capital, LLC to enter into an asset management agreement with each new alternative asset fund.

 

The following additional potential alternative asset funds are in various stages of development as of December 31, 2008:

 

   

Primary Equity - would co-invest with American Capital in equities of private companies.

 

   

Secondary Equity - would purchase from American Capital a portion of our equities of private companies.

 

   

European Primary Equity - would co-invest with European Capital in equities of private companies.

 

   

Primary Mezzanine Debt - would co-invest with American Capital and European Capital in mezzanine debt of private companies.

 

   

Special Situations - would invest in debt and equity of companies under unusual circumstances.

 

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We expect to continue developing the alternative asset funds listed above in 2009. We are also reviewing other potential alternative asset funds that we may begin to develop in 2009.

 

Private Finance Deal Stream and Market Share

 

We have established an extensive referral network comprised of investment bankers, private equity firms, mezzanine funds, trade organizations, commercial bankers, attorneys and business and financial brokers. We have developed an extensive proprietary database of reported middle market transactions. Based on the data we have gathered, we believe that the middle market is highly fragmented and that we continued to hold a top position in the U.S. middle market with a 1.9% market share. Based on our data, over 200 firms did not close a transaction during 2008. During 2008, we received information concerning several thousand transactions for consideration. Most of those transactions did not meet our criteria for initial consideration, but the opportunities that met those criteria were reviewed in detail by our principals. We have also developed an internet website that provides an efficient tool to businesses for learning about American Capital and our capabilities.

 

Institutional Approach to Investing

 

Over the past ten years, we have built an institution with a leading capability to originate, underwrite, finance, syndicate, monitor and exit alternative investments that generate attractive returns. Our dedicated teams of investment professionals are the cornerstone of our institution. We have also created an extensive support structure that provides in-house due diligence, operational, legal and human resources support to our investment professionals and to our portfolio company, American Capital, LLC. The following are the key functional teams that execute our alternative asset management business including the internal management of American Capital and its portfolio.

 

Investment Teams: As of December 31, 2008, we had 36 Investment Teams with over 120 professionals located in our six offices in the United States. The Investment Teams originate, review and screen investment opportunities, conduct business, management and operations due diligence, prepare investment committee reports and models, make recommendations to the investment committee, execute investments, represent us on the boards of directors of portfolio companies, assist in monitoring and valuing of investments and manage acquisitions, divestures and exiting of investments. Our Investment Teams are organized so that each team focuses on a specific investment strategy. Our Investment Teams include:

 

   

American Capital Buyout: A 34-person team that leads our American Capital One-Stop Buyouts™ of middle market companies including corporate divestitures, acquisitions of portfolio companies from private equity firms, acquisition of family-owned or closely held businesses, going private transactions and ownership transitions. They originate senior debt, subordinated debt and equity in American Capital controlled buyouts.

 

   

Sponsor Finance: A 24-person team that provides private equity sponsors with senior debt, subordinated debt and equity co-investments in support of their buyouts of middle market companies. In addition, they will also target investments directly to privately and publicly-held middle market companies.

 

   

Energy Investment: A 4-person team that leads our American Capital One-Stop Buyouts™, direct investments and sponsored finance investments in the entire chain of energy exploration, production and distribution, and services, manufacturing, power and utility services. They will also invest in alternative energy, including wind power, solar energy and biofuels. They originate senior debt, subordinated debt and equity investments.

 

   

Financial Services: A 4-person team that leads our American Capital One-Stop Buyouts™, direct investments and sponsored finance investments in consumer and commercial finance, insurance, asset management and companies providing products or services to financial services firms. They originate senior debt, subordinated debt and equity investments.

 

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Special Situations: A 9-person team that leads our American Capital One-Stop Buyouts™, direct investments and sponsored finance investments in distressed companies, companies undergoing turnarounds, bankruptcy auctions, debtor-in-possession, exit financing and other special situations in middle market companies. They originate senior debt, subordinated debt and equity investments.

 

   

Technology Investment: A 4-person team leads our American Capital One-Stop Buyouts™, direct investments and sponsored finance investments in early, middle and late stage technology companies. They will invest in various technology sectors including networking, software, communications, enterprise data, new media, consumer technologies and industrial technology. They originate senior debt, subordinated debt and equity investments.

 

   

Commercial Mortgage Asset Management: A 9-person team that invests in commercial mortgages and related assets directly or by investing in debt and equity tranches of CMBS and CRE CDOs. The team also participates in underwriting, due diligence and financing of real estate owned by our portfolio companies.

 

   

Residential Mortgage Asset Management: A 9-person team that originates investments in the debt tranches of residential mortgage backed securities and invests in agency securities. They also execute the investment strategy for AGNC.

 

   

Collateralized Loan Obligation: A 7-person team that invests in and manages senior loan collateral for third-party investors through structured finance products such as a CLO. The team sources middle market senior loans originated through our various Investment Teams and also by purchasing rated, broadly syndicated senior debt. They also invest in non-rated tranches of CLOs and CDOs managed by other third-party fund managers.

 

Operations Team: A 26-person team with expertise in manufacturing services, consumer products, financial services, energy services, supply chain management, outsourcing and technology. The Operations Team is led by a managing director and includes seasoned former presidents, CEOs (11), COOs (3), CFOs (2) and supply chain and outsourcing specialists (4). The Operations Team conducts operational due diligence on prospective portfolio companies and reports and makes recommendations to our investment committee. The team will also assist portfolio companies post close with operational improvement plans. If we have a struggling portfolio company that is underperforming, the Operations Team will work closely with the portfolio company to improve performance by providing interim leadership at the portfolio company and to identify business actions to help improve performance. The team will provide hands-on assistance to reduce costs, systemize sales and marketing, develop and align business plans, grow the business and strengthen management talent at the portfolio company.

 

Investment Committee Support Team: A 4-person team that assists our investment committee (the “Investment Committee”) in establishing procedures and controls, establishing due diligence protocol and working with Investment Teams to establish due diligence plans for each prospective investment, developing standard investment committee reports and models, organizing investment committee meetings, monitoring and reporting investment committee results and tracking subsequent developments.

 

Business Development Team: A 3-person team that assists our Investment Teams in researching, targeting and developing investment opportunities from multiple, established channels, including investment banks, private equity firms, trade organizations, industry contacts, attorneys, commercial bankers and business and financial brokers.

 

Financial Accounting and Compliance Team (“FACT”): A 42-person team of certified public accountants, chartered accountants and valuation and audit professionals. FACT is responsible for providing pre- and post-investment financial due diligence, portfolio monitoring and quarterly valuations of portfolio assets. FACT assists our Investment Teams in conducting extensive financial, accounting, tax and information technology due diligence of each target investment company, which includes one or more on-site visits, a review of the portfolio company’s historical and prospective financial information, and identifying and confirming pro forma financial

 

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adjustments. FACT also monitors the existing portfolio investments by gathering, inputting into an automated database, analyzing and regularly reviewing monthly financial information and other materials to assess financial performance as well as to ensure compliance with loan covenants. Also, FACT, with the assistance of our Investment Teams and subject to the oversight of senior management and the Audit and Compliance Committee, prepares a quarterly valuation of each portfolio company investment.

 

Syndications Team: A 5-person team that is responsible for arranging syndications of all or part of the senior debt of our portfolio companies either at closing or subsequent to the closing of a senior financing transaction. They perform a variety of functions relating to the marketing and completing of such transactions.

 

Capital Markets, Finance and Treasury Team: A 25-person team that is responsible for raising equity and debt capital, investor relations, financial budgeting and forecasting and daily liquidity and cash management. Through its debt capital raising activities, the team is responsible for structuring, selling and administering on-balance sheet term debt securitizations of debt investments, unsecured bonds and various other revolving facilities and term debt facilities for American Capital and its alternative asset funds under management, including our Structured Products included in our alternative asset funds under management such as ACAS CLO-1 and ACAS CRE CDO. Through its equity capital raising activities, the team is responsible for structuring and selling equity for American Capital and our public and private funds. The team is also responsible for monitoring and reporting on capital market conditions and researching, developing and raising private and public capital for new third-party funds for our alternative asset management business. The team is also responsible for arranging syndications of all or part of the equity of our portfolio companies either at closing or subsequent to the closing of an equity financing transaction.

 

Accounting and Reporting Team: A 57-person team that is responsible for the accounting of our financial results as well as that of our managed funds, including financial reporting and communications to our shareholders, partners and regulatory bodies. Among its tasks are preparing financial statements, investment accounting, analysis of investment performance, loan servicing, billing, accounts receivable and payable, tax compliance, external audit coordination and developing and monitoring our internal controls.

 

Legal and Compliance Team: A 23-person team that provides extensive legal support on corporate, capital raising and investing matters, is involved in regular reporting and special communications with our shareholder and regulatory bodies and manages the outside law firms that provide transactional, litigation and regulatory services to us. In addition, as required by the SEC, we have appointed a Chief Compliance Officer, who is responsible for administering our code of ethics and conduct and our legal compliance activities.

 

Internal Audit Team: A 3-person team that reports directly to the Audit and Compliance Committee of our Board of Directors. The team performs operational audits and tests our internal controls over financial reporting to assist management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

Human Resources Team: A 14-person team that assists in recruiting, hiring, reviewing and establishing and administering compensation programs for our employees. In addition, the team is available to the Investment Teams and the Operations Team to assist with executive management and other human resources issues at portfolio companies.

 

Information Technology Team: A 23-person team that assists all departments in researching, developing, implementing and maintaining communication and technological resources for our multi-office operations including highly specialized systems for the input, processing and reporting of data.

 

Corporate Communications Team: A 3-person team that assists other teams in communicating with our customers, shareholders and the media by producing marketing materials, newsletters, press releases, mailings and websites and is also responsible for public relations and advertising.

 

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Operations

 

Marketing, Origination and Approval Process: Our Business Development Team assists our investment professionals in the private finance area in sourcing buyout and financing opportunities. This team targets an extensive referral network comprised of investment bankers, private equity firms, mezzanine funds, trade organizations, commercial bankers, attorneys and business and financial brokers. The team developed and maintains an extensive proprietary industry-wide database of reported middle market transactions, which enables us to monitor and evaluate the middle market investing environment. This database is used to help us assess whether we are penetrating our target markets and to accurately track terms and pricing. Our financial professionals review thousands of financing memorandums and private placement memorandums sourced from this extensive referral network in search of potential buyout or financing opportunities. Investment opportunities that pass an initial screen are then evaluated by a team led by one of our financial principals. The financial principal and his or her team, with the assistance from our FACT and our Operations Team, along with the oversight of our Investment Committee, are responsible for structuring, negotiating, pricing and closing the transaction.

 

In our private finance investments, our investment professionals along with our FACT and Operations Team conduct extensive due diligence of each target company that passes the initial screening process. This includes one or more on-site visits, a review of the target company’s historical and prospective financial information, identifying and confirming pro-forma financial adjustments, interviews with and assessments of management, employees, customers and vendors, review of the adequacy of the target company’s systems, background investigations of senior management and research on the target company’s products, services and industry. We often engage professionals such as environmental consulting firms, accounting firms, law firms, risk management companies and management consulting firms with relevant industry expertise to perform elements of the due diligence.

 

In our Structured Products investments, we receive extensive information regarding the mortgage loans, commercial loans and other securities that are the underlying collateral for a CMBS, CLO or CDO pool from the issuer and we extensively underwrite the collateral securing our investment as appropriate.

 

Upon completion of our due diligence, our Investment Teams, FACT and Operations Team as well as any consulting firms that we have engaged, prepare and present an extensive report containing the due diligence information for review to our Investment Committee. Our Investment Committee, which includes representatives of our senior officers depending on the nature of the proposed investment, generally must approve each investment. Investments exceeding a certain size or meeting certain other criteria must also be approved by our Board of Directors. Our Investment Committee is supported by a dedicated staff that focuses on the due diligence and other research done with regard to each proposed investment.

 

Portfolio Management: In addition to the extensive due diligence at the time of the original investment decision, we seek to preserve and enhance the performance of our portfolio companies under management through our active involvement with the portfolio companies. As a BDC, we are required by law to make significant managerial assistance available to most of our portfolio companies. This generally includes providing guidance and counsel concerning the management, operations and business objectives and policies of the portfolio company to the portfolio company’s management and board of directors, including participating on the company’s board of directors. The respective FACT and Investment Teams regularly review each portfolio company’s monthly financial statements to assess performance and trends, periodically conduct on-site financial and operational reviews and evaluate industry and economic issues that may affect the portfolio company.

 

Portfolio Valuation

 

FACT, with the assistance of our Investment Teams, and subject to the oversight of senior management and the Audit and Compliance Committee, prepares a quarterly valuation of each of our portfolio company investments. Our Board of Directors approves our portfolio valuations as required by the 1940 Act. In connection

 

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with our valuation process to determine the fair value of investments, we work with third-party consultants to obtain assistance and advice as additional support in the preparation of our internal valuation analysis for our portfolio each quarter.

 

Prior to the fourth quarter of 2008, our Board of Directors engaged independent third-party valuation firm(s) to perform certain procedures that the Board of Directors identified and requested the respective third-party firm(s) to perform on a predetermined selection of the Board of Director’s fair value determinations. During the fourth quarter of 2008, the Board of Directors revised our valuation process to obtain quarterly assistance, advice and current market data from the third-party valuation firm(s) by participating in our quarterly valuation meetings and to perform independent procedures on specific portfolio companies, as requested.

 

Competition

 

We compete with hundreds of private equity and mezzanine funds and other financing sources, including traditional financial services companies such as finance companies, commercial banks, investment banks and other equity and non-equity based investment funds. Some of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial resources than we do. Competitors may have a lower cost of funds and many have access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, certain of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships and build their market shares. There is no assurance that the competitive pressures we face will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, as a result of this competition, we may not be able to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities from time to time and there can be no assurance that we will be able to identify and make investments that satisfy our investment objectives or that we will be able to meet our investment goals.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2008, we employed 384 full-time employees compared to 580 and 430 full-time employees as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. We believe that we have excellent relations with our employees.

 

Business Development Company Requirements

 

We are a closed-end, non-diversified, management investment company that has elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act, and, as such, are subject to regulation under that act.

 

Qualifying Assets

 

As a BDC, we may not acquire any asset other than “qualifying assets”, as defined by the 1940 Act, unless, at the time the acquisition is made, the value of our qualifying assets represent at least 70% of the value of our total assets. The principal categories of qualifying assets relevant to our business include the following:

 

   

securities purchased in transactions not involving any public offering from:

 

  a) an issuer that (i) is organized and has its principal place of business in the United States, (ii) is neither an investment company other than a wholly-owned small business investment company nor an entity that would be an investment company but for certain statutory exemptions, and (iii) does not have any class of securities listed on a national securities exchange with a market capitalization in excess of $250 million; or

 

  b)

an issuer that satisfies the criteria set forth in clauses (a) (i) and (ii) above but not clause (a)(iii), so long as, at the time of purchase, we own at least 50% of (i) the greatest amount of equity securities of the issuer, including securities convertible into such securities and (ii) the greatest amount of certain debt securities of such issuer, held by us at any point in time

 

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during the period when such issuer was an eligible portfolio company, except that options, warrants, and similar securities which have by their terms expired and debt securities which have been converted, or repaid or prepaid in the ordinary course of business or incident to a public offering of securities of such issuer, shall not be considered to have been held by us, and we are one of the 20 largest holders of record of such issuer’s outstanding voting securities;

 

   

securities of an issuer described in clauses (a)(i) and (ii) above with respect to which we control (alone or together as a part of a group), we in fact exercise a controlling influence over such issuer’s management or policies and a person affiliated with us is on the issuer’s board of directors;

 

   

securities received in exchange for or distributed with respect to securities described above, or pursuant to the exercise of options, warrants or rights relating to such securities; and

 

   

cash, cash items, government securities, or high quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment.

 

Under the 1940 Act, we may not change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or withdraw our election as, a BDC without consent of the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities. Since we made our BDC election, we have not made any substantial change in our structure or in the nature of our business.

 

To include certain securities above as qualifying assets for the purpose of the 70% test, a BDC must either control the issuer of the securities or offer to make significant managerial assistance available to the issuer of those securities, such as providing significant guidance and counsel concerning the management, operations, or business objectives and policies of a portfolio company or making loans to a portfolio company. We make significant managerial assistance available to each of our portfolio companies.

 

Leverage

 

The 1940 Act permits us, as a BDC, to issue senior debt securities and preferred stock, (collectively, “Senior Securities”), in amounts such that our asset coverage is at least 200% after each issuance of Senior Securities. Asset coverage is defined in the 1940 Act as the ratio which the value of the total assets, less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by Senior Securities, bears to the aggregate amount of Senior Securities representing indebtedness. Such indebtedness may also be incurred for the purpose of effecting share repurchases. As a result, we are exposed to the risks of leverage. Although we have no current intention to do so, we have retained the right to issue preferred stock. As permitted by the 1940 Act, we may, in addition, borrow amounts up to 5% of our total assets for temporary purposes. As of December 31, 2008, our asset coverage was 171%. Accordingly, we are generally prohibited from issuing any additional Senior Securities until our asset coverage exceeds 200%.

 

Under the 1940 Act, if a BDC has any senior debt securities outstanding that were publicly issued, the BDC must make provision to prohibit the declaration of any dividend (except a dividend payable in the stock of the BDC) if its asset coverage is below certain thresholds at the time of the distribution after deducting the amount of such dividend. However, we have received guidance from the staff of the SEC that notwithstanding this provision of the 1940 Act, we are able to declare and pay dividends pursuant to the revenue procedure issued by the Internal Revenue Service on January 7, 2009. (See Item 1. Business—Regulated Investment Company Requirements)

 

Issuance of Stock

 

We are generally not able to issue and sell our common stock at a price below our net asset value per share, exclusive of any distributing commission or discount. We may, however, sell our common stock at a price below the current net asset value per share of our common stock, or sell warrants options or rights to acquire our

 

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common stock at a price below the current net asset value per share of our common stock if our Board of Directors determines that such a sale is in our best interests and our shareholders approve our policy and practice of making such sales. In any such case, the price at which our securities are to be issued and sold may not be less than a price that, in the determination of our Board of Directors and the underwriters on an offering, closely approximates the market value of such securities (exclusive of any distributing commission or discount).

 

On February 19, 2009, our shareholders approved a proposal to authorize us to sell shares of our common stock at prices below the net asset value per share in one or more offerings subject to certain limitations, including the prior approval of our Board of Directors. The authorization is effective for a twelve month period expiring on February 19, 2010 and the number of shares that may be issued below NAV per share is limited to (i) the number of shares of our common stock required to be issued to complete the acquisition of the ordinary shares of European Capital and (ii) a maximum of an additional 42,812,640 shares of common stock, which was 20% of the number of shares outstanding as of the record date for shareholder vote of the proposal, subject to adjustment for shares issued following the occurrence of events such as stock splits, stock dividends, distributions and recapitalizations.

 

Regulated Investment Company Requirements

 

We operate so as to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. If we qualify as a RIC and annually distribute to our shareholders in a timely manner at least 90% of our investment company taxable ordinary income, we will not be subject to federal income tax on the portion of our taxable ordinary income and long-term capital gains we distribute to our shareholders. Taxable income generally differs from net income as defined by GAAP due to temporary and permanent timing differences in the recognition of income and expenses, returns of capital and net unrealized appreciation or depreciation.

 

Generally, in order to maintain our status as a RIC, we must: a) continue to qualify as a BDC; b) distribute to our shareholders in a timely manner, at least 90% of our investment company taxable ordinary income, as defined by the Code; c) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of our gross investment company income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale of stock or other securities or other income derived with respect to our business of investing in such stock or securities as defined by the Code; and d) meet investment diversification requirements. The diversification requirements generally require us at the end of each quarter of the taxable year to have (i) at least 50% of the value of our assets consist of cash, cash items, government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies and other securities if such other securities of any one issuer do not represent more than 5% of our assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer; and (ii) no more than 25% of the value of our assets invested in the securities of one issuer (other than U.S. government securities and securities of other RICs), or of two or more issuers that are controlled by us and are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses.

 

If we fail to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement or otherwise fail to qualify as a RIC in any taxable year, we will be subject to tax in such year on all of our taxable income, regardless of whether we make any distribution to our shareholders. In addition, in that case, all of our distributions to our shareholders will be characterized as ordinary income (to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits). We have distributed and currently intend to distribute sufficient dividends to eliminate our investment company taxable income.

 

On January 7, 2009, the Internal Revenue Service issued a revenue procedure that temporarily allows a RIC to distribute its own stock as a dividend for the purpose of fulfilling its distribution requirements. Pursuant to this revenue procedure, a RIC may treat a distribution of its own stock as a dividend if (i) the stock is publicly traded on an established securities market, (ii) the distribution is declared with respect to a taxable year ending on or before December 31, 2009 and (iii) each shareholder may elect to receive his or her entire distribution in either cash or stock of the RIC subject to a limitation on the aggregate amount of cash to be distributed to all shareholders, which must be at least 10% of the aggregate declared distribution. If too many shareholders elect to

 

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receive cash, each shareholder electing to receive cash will receive a pro rata amount of cash (with the balance of the distribution paid in stock). In no event will any shareholder electing to receive cash receive less than 10% of his or her entire distribution in cash.

 

In addition, with respect to each calendar year, if we distribute or have treated as having distributed (including amounts retained but designated as deemed distributed) in a timely manner 98% of our capital gain income for each one-year period ending on October 31, and distribute 98% of our investment company net ordinary income for such calendar year (as well as any ordinary income not distributed in prior years), we will not be subject to the 4% nondeductible federal excise tax imposed with respect to certain undistributed income of RICs. We may elect to not distribute all of our investment company taxable income and pay the excise tax on the undistributed amount. Any such undistributed income is carried over into the next year as taxable income subject to the minimum distribution requirements for that year.

 

Our wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, American Capital Financial Services, Inc. (“ACFS”), is a corporation subject to corporate level federal, state or other local income tax.

 

Investment Objectives

 

Our primary business objectives are to increase our taxable income, net realized earnings and net asset value by investing in senior debt, subordinated debt and equity securities of private companies, early and late stage technology companies, companies in special situations, alternative asset funds managed by us and Structured Products with attractive current yields and/or potential for equity appreciation and realized gains. Our investment objectives provide that:

 

   

We will at all times conduct our business so as to retain our status as a BDC. In order to retain that status, we may not acquire any assets (other than non-investment assets necessary and appropriate to our operations as a BDC) if after giving effect to such acquisition the value of our qualifying assets amounts to less than 70% of the value of our total assets. For a summary definition of qualifying assets, see “Business Development Company Requirements.” We believe most of the securities we will acquire (provided that we control, or through our officers or other participants in the financing transaction, make significant managerial assistance available to the issuers of these securities), as well as temporary investments, will generally be qualifying assets. Securities of public companies with a market capitalization in excess of $250 million, on the other hand, are generally not qualifying assets unless they were acquired in a distribution, in exchange for or upon the exercise of a right relating to securities that were qualifying assets.

 

   

We may invest up to 100% of our assets in securities acquired directly from issuers in privately-negotiated transactions. With respect to such securities, we may, for the purpose of public resale, be deemed an “underwriter” as that term is defined in the Securities Act. We may invest up to 50% of our assets to acquire securities of issuers for the purpose of acquiring control (up to 100% of the voting securities) of such issuers. We will not concentrate our investments in any particular industry or group of industries. Therefore, we will not acquire any securities (except upon the exercise of a right related to previously acquired securities) if, as a result, 25% or more of the value of our total assets consists of securities of companies in the same industry.

 

   

We may issue senior securities to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act for the purpose of making investments, to fund share repurchases, or for temporary or emergency purposes. As a BDC, we may issue senior securities up to an amount so that the asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least 200% immediately after each issuance of senior securities.

 

   

We generally will not (a) act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers (except to the extent that we may (i) be deemed an “underwriter” of securities purchased by us that must be registered under the Securities Act before they may be offered or sold to the public or (ii) underwrite securities to be distributed to or purchased by our shareholders in connection with offerings of securities by companies in which we are a shareholder); (b) sell securities short (except with regard to managing risks associated

 

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with publicly traded securities issued by portfolio companies); (c) purchase securities on margin (except to the extent that we may purchase securities with borrowed money); (d) write or buy put or call options (except (i) to the extent of warrants or conversion privileges in connection with our acquisition financing or other investments, and rights to require the issuers of such investments or their affiliates to repurchase them under certain circumstances, or (ii) with regard to managing risks associated with publicly traded securities issued by portfolio companies); (e) engage in the purchase or sale of commodities or commodity contracts, including futures contracts (except where necessary in working out distressed loan or investment situations); or (f) acquire more than 3% of the voting stock of, or invest more than 5% of our total assets in any securities issued by, any other investment company (as defined in the 1940 Act), except as they may be acquired as part of a merger, consolidation or acquisition of assets. With regard to that portion of our investments in securities issued by other investment companies it should be noted that such investments may subject our shareholders to additional expenses.

 

The percentage restrictions set forth above, other than the restriction pertaining to the issuance of senior securities, as well as those contained elsewhere herein, apply at the time a transaction is effected, and a subsequent change in a percentage resulting from market fluctuations or any cause other than an action by us will not require us to dispose of portfolio securities or to take other action to satisfy the percentage restriction.

 

The above investment objectives have been set by our Board of Directors and do not require shareholder consent to be changed.

 

Investment Advisor

 

We have no investment advisor and are internally managed by our executive officers under the supervision of our Board of Directors.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

 

You should carefully consider the risks described below and all other information contained in this annual report on Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto before making a decision to purchase our securities. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or not presently deemed material by us, may also impair our operations and performance.

 

If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected. If that happens, the trading price of our securities could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

 

Risks Related to Our Business and Structure

 

Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has concluded that substantial doubt exists about our ability to continue as a going concern as a result of our breach of financial covenants in certain of our borrowing arrangements which could allow those lenders to accelerate the maturity of the debt

 

During 2008, the results of our operations were adversely affected by the unprecedented global financial crisis and economic downturn. We incurred a significant net loss and net unrealized depreciation on our portfolio investments and decline in our shareholders’ equity. As a result, we are currently in breach of certain financial covenants under our revolving credit facilities and unsecured debt borrowing arrangements, which had a total of $2.3 billion outstanding as of December 31, 2008. Since we are not in compliance with the covenants, we are unable to make further draws under our revolving credit facilities and the lenders or the note holders under these borrowing arrangements could accelerate the maturity date for our outstanding obligations after any applicable notice and/or cure periods. In such event, it is likely that we would not have the liquidity to repay the accelerated debt.

 

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We are currently in discussions with the lenders and the holders of our private unsecured notes regarding the restructuring of our borrowing arrangements. We have engaged financial advisors to assist us with these negotiations. No assurance can be given that we will be successful in restructuring our borrowing arrangements on acceptable terms, if any, or amend such financial covenants in a manner sufficient to adequately reduce the risk of a default in the near future. In connection with any such amendments, our creditors are likely to condition their agreement on increases in the fees and interest rates payable under the borrowing arrangements and may condition their agreement on a conversion to secured facilities. In the event that we are unable to obtain additional funding or negotiate a successful debt restructuring, the creditors would have the right to demand immediate repayment of any outstanding obligations. Any such acceleration of the maturity of our obligations would likely cause other lenders and contractual counterparties, including counterparties to our interest rate swap agreements, to terminate and/or to accelerate the maturity of our obligations under other financing and credit instruments and agreements. Should the lenders and/or other counterparties demand immediate repayment of all of our obligations, we will likely be unable to pay such obligations. In such event, we may have to recapitalize, refinance, raise additional liquidity by selling some or all of our assets or seek to reorganize under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code.

 

Our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were prepared on a “going concern” basis; however, our registered independent public accounting firm concluded in its report dated March 2, 2009 regarding those financial statements, that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern as a result of the conditions noted above.

 

We are currently in a period of credit and capital markets disruption and recession and we do not expect these conditions to improve in the near future

 

There have been traumatic developments in the financial markets worldwide over the past eighteen months which have led to a recession in the U.S. and other countries. We have been adversely affected by these conditions, as has virtually every financial institution in the world. The global financial crisis has limited our access to the debt and equity capital markets and resulted in significant depreciation of our investment portfolio. The market disruption and liquidity crisis has also dramatically reduced the volume of mergers and acquisitions in the market place affecting our ability to continue to generate additional liquidity through sales of portfolio investments. In addition, the ongoing liquidity crisis has also increased our funding costs and caused severe pressure on our stock price. We believe that these conditions may continue for a prolonged period of time or worsen in the future. Thus, we expect to continue to face significant challenges and uncertainties that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and prospects.

 

Our business has significant working capital requirements and may be adversely affected by a prolonged inability to access the capital markets or to sell assets

 

Our business requires a substantial amount of working capital to operate. We historically have financed our operations through cash generated by our operating activities and through the sale of debt by special purpose affiliates to which we have contributed loan assets originated by us, unsecured borrowings by us and the sale of our equity. However, as explained above, this global financial crisis has significantly impacted our ability to access the credit and capital markets. There can be no assurance that we will be able to access the funds necessary for our liquidity requirements, especially in light of the recent downturn in the economy and continued dislocation in the financial markets.

 

Our ability to continue to rely on such sources or other sources of capital is also affected by legal, structural and other factors. As a BDC, our leverage is limited under the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act permits us to issue Senior Securities so long as our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least 200% after each issuance of Senior Securities. We may, in addition, borrow amounts up to 5% of our total assets for temporary purpose as permitted by the 1940 Act. While we or our consolidated affiliates have issued, and intend to continue to issue when market conditions permit, debt securities and other evidences of indebtedness, up to the maximum amount allowed under the 1940 Act, a failure to continue short-term financings, to maintain our capacity under our existing unsecured

 

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revolving credit facility, to sell additional term debt notes or to add new or replacement debt facilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, we may be unable to renew the capacity under our existing facilities or obtain access to additional debt facilities on acceptable terms, especially during the current economic downturn and dislocation in the credit markets. During such times, potential lenders and purchasers of our debt securities may be more restrictive in how they deploy their liquidity and capital. See the description of the term debt notes and the debt facilities under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

 

The following table is designed to illustrate the effect on returns to a holder of our common stock of the leverage created by our use of borrowing, at the weighted average interest rate of 4.9% for the year ended December 31, 2008, and assuming hypothetical annual returns on our portfolio of minus 15% to plus 15%. As can be seen, leverage generally increases the return to shareholders when the portfolio return is positive and decreases return when the portfolio return is negative. Actual returns may be greater or less than those appearing in the table.

 

Assumed Return on Portfolio (Net of Expenses)(1)

     -15.0 %   -10.0 %   -5.0 %   —       5.0 %   10.0 %   15.0 %

Corresponding Return to Common Shareholders(2)

     -30.7 %   -21.6 %   -12.5 %   -3.4 %   5.7 %   14.8 %   23.9 %

 

(1) The assumed portfolio return is required by regulation of the SEC and is not a prediction of, and does not represent, our projected or actual performance.
(2) In order to compute the “Corresponding Return to Common Shareholders,” the “Assumed Return on Portfolio” is multiplied by the total value of our assets at the beginning of the period to obtain an assumed return to us. From this amount, all interest expense accrued during the period is subtracted to determine the return available to shareholders. The return available to shareholders is then divided by the total value of our net assets as of the beginning of the period to determine the “Corresponding Return to Common Shareholders.”

 

Because we are subject to regulatory restrictions on the amount of debt we can issue, we are dependent on the issuance of equity as a financing source. We are generally restricted to issuing equity at prices equal to or above our NAV per share at the time of issuance, subject to certain exceptions. One of these exceptions allows the sale of our common stock at a price below NAV per share if the sale is approved by holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities and by holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities who are not affiliated persons of us. Our Board of Directors must make certain determinations prior to any such sale. At a special meeting of stockholders in February 2009, we received the requisite approval of our stockholders to sell (i) the number of shares of our common stock necessary to complete the acquisition of the ordinary shares of our portfolio company European Capital that we did not already own, and (ii) a maximum of an additional 42,812,640 shares of our common stock, subject to adjustment for shares issued following the occurrence of events such as stock splits, stock dividends, distributions and recapitalizations, at prices below NAV per share. The authorization expires in February 2010. However, even with such approval, there can be no assurances that we can issue equity when necessary. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of our common stock or debt securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock, the percentage ownership of our existing shareholders who do not purchase such securities would decrease and they may experience additional dilution. In addition, any convertible or exchangeable securities may have rights, preferences and privileges more favorable than those of our common stock.

 

The recent economic recession has adversely affected our business and a continuation of current conditions could cause further harm to our operating results

 

As noted above, we incurred a significant net loss and net unrealized depreciation on our portfolio investments during 2008. In addition, many of our portfolio companies are susceptible to the current economic

 

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recession and may be unable to repay our debt investments, may be unable to be sold at a price that we could recover our investment, or even continue to operate during such periods. As a result, our non-performing assets have increased and may continue to increase and the value of our portfolio is likely to decrease during the current recession. In addition, adverse economic conditions may also decrease the value of collateral securing some of our loans and the value of our equity investments. Our ability to obtain capital to invest in such companies has also been impaired by the economic downturn. These results could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See “Risk Factors—Our business is dependent on external financing.”

 

We make loans to and investments in middle market borrowers who may default on their loans or provide no return on our investments

 

We invest in and lend to privately-held, middle market businesses. There is generally no publicly available information about these businesses. Therefore, we rely on our principals, associates, analysts and consultants to investigate these businesses. The portfolio companies in which we invest may have significant variations in operating results, may from time to time be parties to litigation, may be engaged in rapidly changing businesses with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence, may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, to finance expansion or to maintain their competitive position, may otherwise have a weak financial position or may be adversely affected by changes in the business cycle. Our portfolio companies may not meet net income, cash flow and other coverage tests typically imposed by senior lenders. Numerous factors may affect a portfolio company’s ability to repay its loan, including the failure to meet its business plan, a downturn in its industry or negative economic conditions, such as the current recession. Deterioration in a portfolio company’s financial condition and prospects may be accompanied by deterioration in the collateral for the loan. We also make unsecured, subordinated loans and invest in equity securities, which involve a higher degree of risk than senior loans. In certain cases, our involvement in the management of our portfolio companies may subject us to additional defenses and claims from borrowers and third parties. These conditions may make it difficult for us to obtain repayment of our loans.

 

Middle market businesses typically have narrower product lines and smaller market shares than large businesses. They tend to be more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns. In addition, these companies may face intense competition, including competition from companies with greater financial resources, more extensive development, manufacturing, marketing, and other capabilities, and a larger number of qualified managerial and technical personnel.

 

These businesses may also experience substantial variations in operating results. Typically, the success of a middle market business also depends on the management talents and efforts of one or two persons or a small group of persons. The death, disability or resignation of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on us. In addition, middle market businesses often need substantial additional capital to expand or compete and will have borrowed money from other lenders.

 

Our senior loans generally are secured by the assets of our borrowers. Our subordinated loans may or may not be secured by the assets of the borrower; however if a subordinated loan is secured, our rights to payment and our security interest are usually subordinated to the payment rights and security interests of the senior lender. Therefore, we may be limited in our ability to enforce our rights to collect our subordinated loans and to recover any of the loan balance through a foreclosure of collateral.

 

There is uncertainty regarding the value of our portfolio investments

 

A significant portion of our portfolio investments are not publicly traded. We value these investments based on a determination of their fair value made in good faith by our Board of Directors as required by law. Due to the uncertainty inherent in valuing investments that are not publicly traded, as set forth in our consolidated financial statements, our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would exist if a ready market for these investments existed. Our determinations of the fair value of our investments have a material

 

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impact on our net earnings through the recording of unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments as well as our assessment of interest income recognition. Our net asset value could be materially affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of our investments are materially different from the values that would exist if a ready market existed for these securities.

 

Our anticipated amounts to be received upon settlement or maturity of our investments, or our Realizable Value, may differ from the amounts we ultimately receive

 

We determine the fair value of our investments in accordance with SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, (“SFAS No. 157”). We invest primarily in Level 3 assets, generally with the intention to hold the assets to settlement or maturity. The current lack of liquidity in the financial markets has caused investment spreads between the cost of funds and investment income to widen dramatically on our investments, which in most cases results in current fair values for many Level 3 assets that we believe are materially lower than the values we anticipate realizing on settlement or maturity, which we refer to as our Realizable Value. However, due to the uncertainty inherent in estimating our Realizable Value of our investments, our determinations of Realizable Value may differ materially from the values we ultimately will realize on settlement or maturity.

 

We have a limited investment history in certain segments of our business

 

Since our IPO, we have primarily been an investor in domestic, privately-held middle market companies, which we consider to be companies with sales between $10 million and $750 million. However, we have also invested over the past several years either directly or through new alternative asset funds in other investment categories, including European-based companies, CMBS, CLOs, CDOs, RMBS, single-family residential pass-through securities, early stage technology companies, special situation companies and distressed securities. We have limited or no operating history in making or monitoring such investments. We also invested in the third-party alternative asset fund management business in the last several years through our investment in American Capital, LLC. There can be no assurances that these investments or our asset management business will be profitable in future periods, nor can we offer investors any assurances that we will successfully implement these new strategies.

 

We may fail to continue to qualify for our pass-through tax treatment

 

We have operated since October 1, 1997, so as to qualify to be taxed as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code and, provided we meet certain requirements under the Code, we can generally avoid corporate level federal income taxes on income distributed to our shareholders as dividends. We would cease to qualify for this favorable pass-through tax treatment if we are unable to comply with the source of income, diversification or distribution requirements contained in Subchapter M of the Code, or if we cease to operate so as to qualify as a BDC under the 1940 Act. If we fail to qualify to be taxed as a RIC or to distribute our income to shareholders on a current basis, we would be subject to corporate level taxes which would significantly reduce the amount of income available for distribution to shareholders. The loss of our current tax treatment could have a material adverse effect on the total return, if any, obtainable from an investment in our common stock. See “Business—Business Development Company Requirements” and “Business—Regulated Investment Company Requirements.”

 

We have limited public information regarding the companies in which we invest

 

Consistent with our operation as a BDC, our portfolio consists primarily of securities issued by privately-held companies. As noted above, there is generally little or no publicly available information about such companies, and we must rely on the diligence of our employees and the consultants we hire to obtain the information necessary for our decision to invest in them. There can be no assurance that our diligence efforts will uncover all material information about the privately-held business necessary to make a fully informed investment decision.

 

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A change in interest rates may adversely affect our profitability

 

Because we fund a portion of our investments with borrowings, our net increase in assets from operations is affected by the spread between the rate at which we invest and the rate at which we borrow. We attempt to match-fund our liabilities and assets by financing floating rate assets with floating rate liabilities and fixed rate assets with fixed rate liabilities or equity. We enter into interest rate basis swap agreements to match the interest rate basis of our assets and liabilities, thereby locking in the spread between our asset yield and the cost of our borrowings, and to fulfill our obligations under the terms of our secured revolving debt funding facility and asset securitizations. However, our derivatives are considered economic hedges that do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 133”).

 

Under our interest rate swap agreements, we generally pay a fixed rate and receive a floating interest rate based on LIBOR. We may enter into interest rate swaption agreements where, if exercised, we would receive a fixed rate and pay a floating rate based on LIBOR. We may also enter into interest rate cap agreements that would entitle us to receive an amount, if any, by which our interest payments on our variable rate debt exceed specified interest rates.

 

An increase in interest rates could reduce the spread between the rate at which we invest and the rate at which we borrow, and thus, adversely affect our profitability, if we have not appropriately match-funded our liabilities and assets or hedged against such event. Alternatively, our interest rate hedging activities may limit our ability to participate in the benefits of lower interest rates with respect to the hedged portfolio. Also, the fair value of certain of our debt investments is based in part on the current market yields or interest rates of similar securities. A change in interest rates could have a significant impact on our determination of the fair value of these debt investments. In addition, a change in interest rates could also have an impact on the fair value of our interest rate swap agreements that could result in the recording of unrealized appreciation or depreciation in future periods. For example, a decline, or a flattening, of the forward interest rate yield curve will typically result in the recording of unrealized depreciation of our interest rate swap agreements. Therefore, adverse developments resulting from changes in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See “Management’s Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” and “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for additional information on interest rate swap agreements.

 

A change in currency exchange rates may adversely affect our profitability

 

We may invest in debt securities that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. In addition, we may invest in the equity of portfolio companies whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. Our domestic portfolio companies may also transact a significant amount of business in foreign countries and therefore their profitability may be impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The functional currency of our largest portfolio company, European Capital, is the Euro. European Capital also has investments in other European currencies, including the British Pound. As a result, an adverse change in currency exchange rates may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

We may experience fluctuations in our quarterly results

 

We could experience fluctuations in our quarterly operating results due to a number of factors including, among others, variations in and the timing of the recognition of realized and unrealized gains or losses, the degree to which we encounter competition in our markets, the ability to fund and close suitable investments, the timing of the recognition of fee income from closing investment transactions and general economic conditions. As a result of these factors, results for any period should not be relied upon as being indicative of performance in future periods. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

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We are dependent upon our key management personnel for our future success

 

We are dependent on the diligence and skill of our senior management and other members of management for the final selection, structuring, closing and monitoring of our investments. Our future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service and coordination of our senior management team. During an economic downturn, it may be difficult to retain such individuals. The departure of certain executive officers or key employees could materially adversely affect our ability to implement our business strategy. We do not maintain key man life insurance on any of our officers or employees.

 

We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities

 

We compete with hundreds of private equity and mezzanine funds and other financing sources, including traditional financial services companies such as finance companies, commercial banks, investment banks and other equity and non-equity based investment funds. Some of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial resources than us. Competitors may have lower cost of funds and many have access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, certain of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships and build their market shares. There is no assurance that the competitive pressures we face will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, as a result of this competition, we may not be able to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities from time to time and there can be no assurance that we will be able to identify and make investments that satisfy our investment objectives or that we will be able to meet our investment goals.

 

Changes in laws or regulations governing our operations or our failure to comply with those laws or regulations may adversely affect our business

 

We and our portfolio companies are subject to regulation by laws at the local, state, federal and foreign level. These laws and regulations, as well as their interpretation, may be changed from time to time. Accordingly, any change in these laws or regulations or the failure to comply with these laws or regulations could have a material adverse impact on our business. Certain of these laws and regulations pertain specifically to RICs or BDCs.

 

We could face losses and potential liability if intrusions, viruses or similar disruptions to our technology jeopardize our confidential information or that of users of our technology

 

Although we have implemented, and will continue to implement, security measures, our technology platform is and will continue to be vulnerable to intrusion, computer viruses or similar disruptive problems caused by transmission from unauthorized users. The misappropriation of proprietary information could expose us to a risk of loss or litigation.

 

Risks Related to Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

We are currently in default under the primary debt arrangements that we use to finance our operations. If we are unable to obtain a waiver, our lenders could accelerate the maturity of those borrowings

 

As discussed above, we were in default of the minimum consolidated tangible net worth covenant in our revolving credit facilities, the minimum consolidated tangible net worth and 200% asset coverage ratio covenants in our unsecured privately held notes and the 200% asset coverage ratio covenant in our public bonds as of December 31, 2008. A default under these borrowing arrangements could result, among other things, in termination of further funds availability under our revolving credit facilities and an accelerated maturity date for all amounts outstanding under these arrangements after any applicable cure and/or notice periods. We expect to generate cash flow from operations sufficient to service the debt under these borrowing arrangements prior to the stated maturity of the debt if there is not an acceleration of the maturity date. However, we will likely not be able to pay such obligations if our lenders require immediate repayment of all of our debt. We are working with our

 

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lenders on a waiver and amendment of these borrowing arrangements to reduce the risk of further defaults in the near term. There is no guarantee that we will be successful in restructuring or refinancing our debt on acceptable terms. If we are unable to renegotiate acceptable terms, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Our borrowing arrangements impose certain limitations on us

 

As of December 31, 2008, we had a secured revolving credit facility and an unsecured revolving line of credit (the “Revolving Facility”). We delivered a termination notice on February 27, 2009 to the lenders of the secured revolving credit facility. We also have issued senior unsecured notes in both public and private offerings and consolidated trusts affiliated with us have issued term debt securities (“Term Debt Notes”) to institutional investors. Each of these facilities and borrowing arrangements are described below.

 

Our Revolving Facility is currently a $1.4 billion unsecured revolving line of credit administered by an affiliate of Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC (which will decrease to $1.25 billion on December 31, 2009). The Revolving Facility contains customary default provisions as well as the following default provisions: a cross-default on our debt of $25 million or more, a default if we fail to meet a consolidated minimum net worth requirement of $4.5 billion plus forty percent (40%) of any capital stock issued or debt converted after October 1, 2008, a default triggered by a change of control and a default triggered if we fail to maintain an unsecured debt rating equal to or greater than BB by any one rating agency. Our ability to make draws under the Revolving Facility expires in March 2011, unless the term of the facility is extended.

 

We have $550 million of senior unsecured notes that were issued in a public offering. At the time of the issuance, the notes were rated Baa2, BBB and BBB by Moody’s Investor Services, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and Fitch Ratings, respectively. If the ratings of the notes from at least two of the rating agencies are decreased to a BB+ or Ba1 rating or lower, the interest rate on the notes would increase up to maximum of 200 basis points. The indenture contains various covenants, including a covenant that requires us to maintain an asset coverage ratio, as defined in the 1940 Act, of at least 200%.

 

We have issued senior unsecured notes to accredited investors in private placement offerings under several note purchase agreements. As of December 31, 2008, we had $392 million outstanding under these privately-placed unsecured senior notes. The note purchase agreements contain various covenants, including covenants that require us to maintain an asset coverage ratio, as defined in the 1940 Act, of at least 200%, a consolidated minimum tangible net worth and a minimum interest coverage ratio. Each note purchase agreement also contains a cross-default provision on our consolidated debt of $15 million or more and a default triggered by a change of control.

 

Trusts affiliated with us have issued Term Debt Notes to institutional investors with an outstanding balance of $2.1 billion as of December 31, 2008. These affiliated trusts are consolidated in our financial statements. These securities contain customary default provisions, as well as the following default provisions: a failure on our part, as the originator of the loans securing the Term Debt Notes or as the servicer of these loans, to make any payment or deposit required under related agreements within two business days after the date the payment or deposit is required to be made, or if we alter or amend our credit and collection policy in a manner that could have a material adverse effect on the holders of the Term Debt Notes.

 

Investment in non-investment grade structured products may be illiquid, may have a higher risk of default, and may not produce current returns

 

The CMBS, CLO and CDO securities in which we invest are generally non-investment grade, which means that major rating agencies rate them below the top four investment-grade rating categories (i.e., “AAA” through “BBB”), and are sometimes referred to as “junk bonds.” Non-investment grade CMBS, CLO and CDO bonds and preferred shares tend to be less liquid, may have a higher risk of default and may be more difficult to value.

 

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Non-investment grade securities are expected to provide a higher yield than do investment grade securities, but with the higher return comes greater risk of default. In addition, the fair value of these securities may change as interest rates change over time. Economic recessions or downturns may cause defaults or losses on collateral securities to increase. Non-investment grade securities are considered speculative, and their capacity to pay principal and interest in accordance with the terms of their issue is not certain.

 

The lack of liquidity of our privately-held securities may adversely affect our business

 

Most of our investments consist of securities acquired directly from their issuers in private transactions. Some of these securities are subject to restrictions on resale or otherwise are less liquid than public securities. The illiquidity of our investments may make it difficult for us to obtain cash equal to the value at which we record our investments if the need arises.

 

Our assets include investments in Structured Products which are subordinate in right of payment to more senior securities

 

Our assets include subordinated CMBS, CLO and CDO securities which are the most subordinate class of securities in a structure of securities secured by a poll of loans and accordingly are the first to bear the loss upon a restructuring or liquidation of the underlying collateral and the last to receive payment of interest and principal. We may not recover the full amount or, in extreme cases, any of our initial investment in such subordinated interests. Additionally, estimated fair values of these subordinated interests tend to be more sensitive to changes in economic conditions than more senior securities. As a result, such subordinated interests generally are not actively traded and may not provide holders thereof with liquid investments.

 

Our portfolio companies may be highly leveraged

 

Leverage may have important adverse consequences to our portfolio companies and to us as an investor. These companies may be subject to restrictive financial and operating covenants. The leverage may impair these companies’ ability to finance their future operations and capital needs. As a result, their flexibility to respond to changing business and economic conditions and to business opportunities may be limited. A leveraged company’s income and net assets will tend to increase or decrease at a greater rate than if borrowed money were not used.

 

Risks Related to Our Investing and Financing Strategy

 

We may incur additional debt that could increase your investment risks

 

We or our consolidated affiliates borrow money or issue debt securities to provide us with additional funds to invest. Our lenders have fixed dollar claims on our assets or the assets of our consolidated affiliates that are senior to the claims of our shareholders and, thus, our lenders have preference over our shareholders with respect to these assets. In particular, the assets that our consolidated affiliates have pledged to lenders under the Term Debt Notes were sold or contributed to separate affiliated statutory trusts prior to such pledge. While we own a beneficial interest in these trusts, these assets are property of the respective trusts, available to satisfy the debts of the trusts, and would only become available for distribution to our shareholders to the extent specifically permitted under the agreements governing those Term Debt Notes. See “Risk Factors—Our debt facilities impose certain limitations on us.” Additionally, in order to successfully amend the terms of or refinance the borrowing arrangements under which we are in default, we may have to grant a security interest in some or all of our other assets to those lenders.

 

Although borrowing money for investment increases the potential for gain, it also increases the risk of a loss. A decrease in the value of our investments will have a sharper impact on our net asset value if we borrow money to make investments. Our ability to pay dividends could also be adversely impacted. In addition, our

 

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ability to pay dividends or incur additional indebtedness would be restricted if asset coverage is not equal to at least twice our indebtedness. If the value of our assets declines, we might be unable to satisfy that test. If this happens, we may be required to sell some of our investments and repay a portion of our indebtedness at a time when a sale may be disadvantageous. See “Risk Factors—Our business is dependent on external financing.”

 

Our credit ratings may not reflect all risks of an investment in our debt securities

 

Our credit ratings are an assessment by major debt rating agencies of our ability to pay our obligations. Consequently, actual or expected changes in our credit ratings will likely affect the market value of our publicly issued debt securities. Our credit ratings, however, may not fully or accurately reflect all of the credit and market risks associated with our publicly issued debt securities. A downgrade in the credit ratings applicable to our debt securities could negatively impact us. If these credit ratings were to be downgraded, our interest expense (and our ability to raise additional debt) could be negatively impacted, and we may or could be required to redeem certain of our Senior Securities. Any of these occurrences could have a material effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Terms relating to redemption may materially adversely affect the return on our debt securities

 

If any of the debt securities issued by us are redeemable at our option, we may choose to redeem debt securities at times when prevailing interest rates are lower than the interest rate paid on our debt securities. In addition, if our debt securities are subject to mandatory redemption, we may be required to redeem the debt securities also at times when prevailing interest rates are lower than the interest rate paid on these debt securities. In these circumstances, an investor may not be able to reinvest the redemption proceeds in a comparable security at an effective interest rate as high as the debt securities being redeemed.

 

We may not realize gains from our equity investments

 

When we sponsor the buyout of a portfolio company, we invest in the equity securities of the portfolio company. Also, when we make a loan, we may receive warrants to acquire stock issued by the borrower or purchase a minority equity interest. We may also make direct equity investments. Our goal ultimately is to dispose of these equity interests and realize gains. These equity interests may not appreciate in value and, in fact, may depreciate in value. Accordingly, we may not be able to realize gains from our equity interests.

 

Failure to deploy capital effectively or obtain financing to make additional investments may reduce our return on equity

 

If we fail to invest new capital effectively, or obtain additional funds to grow, our return on equity may be negatively impacted, which could reduce the price of the securities that you own.

 

The trading market or market value of our publicly issued debt securities may fluctuate

 

Our publicly issued debt securities do not have an established trading market. There is no assurance that a trading market for our publicly issued debt securities will ever develop or be maintained if developed. Additionally, many factors may materially adversely affect the trading market for, and market value of, our publicly issued debt securities including, but not limited to, the following:

 

   

our creditworthiness;

 

   

the time remaining to the maturity of these debt securities;

 

   

the outstanding principal amount of debt securities with terms identical to these debt securities;

 

   

the supply of debt securities trading in the secondary market, if any;

 

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the redemption or repayment features, if any, of these debt securities;

 

   

the level, direction and volatility of market interest rates generally; and

 

   

market rates of interest that are higher or lower than rates borne by the debt securities.

 

There may also be a limited number of buyers when an investor decides to sell its debt securities. This too may materially adversely affect the market value of the debt securities or the trading market for the debt securities.

 

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

 

There is a risk that you may not receive dividends

 

Since our IPO, we have distributed and currently intend to distribute more than 90% of our investment company ordinary taxable income to our shareholders in order to continue to qualify as a RIC and have distributed and currently intend to distribute sufficient dividends to eliminate our investment company taxable income and capital gains. Historically, we have declared a dividend for each quarter since our IPO in 1997. However, in the fourth quarter of 2008, we revised our dividend policy to manage our capital base proactively in the current volatile markets. Our Board of Directors will evaluate the declaration of our quarterly dividend after our financial results are determined each quarter, so that we may more precisely assess our taxable income, cash flow and changes in fair value to better manage our tangible net worth in the current volatile markets. We did not declare a dividend in the fourth quarter of 2008. We are required to declare as a dividend by June 15, 2009 and pay by September 30, 2009 $220 million of our investment company ordinary taxable income for our tax year ended September 30, 2008 in order to maintain our qualification as a RIC and $296 million to eliminate our taxable income. Due to the global financial and liquidity crisis, there can be no assurance that we will have sufficient liquidity to pay these amounts by the required dates to maintain our qualification as a RIC and to eliminate all of our investment company ordinary taxable income.

 

Pursuant to applicable tax regulations, we are also required to include in taxable income certain amounts that have not yet been collected in cash such as payment-in-kind interest or original issue discount accretion. Since we may be required to recognize taxable income before or without receiving cash representing such income, we may have difficulty meeting the requirement to distribute at least 90% of our investment company ordinary taxable income to continue to qualify as a RIC.

 

As a RIC, we could elect to retain our net long-term capital gains and pay a federal income tax on such gains on behalf of our shareholders treating them as a deemed distribution for tax purposes. In two of our last three tax years, we have elected to retain our long-term capital gains and pay the federal income tax on behalf of our shareholders instead of distributing the net long-term capital gains as a cash dividend to our shareholders.

 

We cannot assure you that we will achieve investment results or maintain a tax status that will allow any specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions.

 

There is a risk that you may receive our stock as dividends

 

On January 7, 2009, the Internal Revenue Service issued a revenue procedure that temporarily allows a RIC to distribute its own stock as a dividend for the purpose of fulfilling its distribution requirements. Pursuant to this revenue procedure, a RIC may treat a distribution of its own stock as a dividend if (i) the stock is publicly traded on an established securities market, (ii) the distribution is declared with respect to a taxable year ending on or before December 31, 2009 and (iii) each shareholder may elect to receive his or her entire distribution in either cash or stock of the RIC subject to a limitation on the aggregate amount of cash to be distributed to all shareholders, which must be at least 10% of the aggregate declared distribution. If too many shareholders elect to receive cash, each shareholder electing to receive cash will receive a pro rata amount of cash (with the balance of the distribution paid in stock). In no event will any shareholder electing to receive cash receive less than 10% of his or her entire distribution in cash.

 

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If we distribute our common stock as a dividend of our taxable income, a shareholder could receive up to 90% of the amount of the dividend declared in shares of our common stock with the remaining amount in cash. The total dividend declared would be taxable income to a shareholder although he or she may only receive 10% of the dividend in cash to pay any taxes due on the dividend.

 

If we cannot meet NASDAQ’s continued listing requirements, NASDAQ may delist our common stock, which would have an adverse impact on the liquidity and market price of our common stock.

 

Our common stock is currently listed on NASDAQ. Under NASDAQ rules, a stock can be delisted and not allowed to trade on NASDAQ if the closing bid price of the stock over a 30 consecutive trading-day period is less than $1.00. Since the beginning of the financial markets crisis, we have and continue to experience significant volatility, including substantial decreases, in the price of our common stock. On February 27, 2009, the closing price of our common stock was a $1.35 per share. NASDAQ implemented a temporary suspension of the rules requiring a minimum $1.00 closing bid price on October 16, 2008, and later extended the suspension until April 20, 2009. If the suspension is not extended further, there is a risk in light of the continued depressed state of the economy and credit and capital markets that our common stock could further decline in share price below the minimum listing requirement, and thus be delisted from NASDAQ if the suspension is not further extended. A delisting of our common stock could negatively impact us by reducing the liquidity and market price of our common stock and the number of investors willing to hold or acquire our common stock, which could negatively impact our ability to raise equity financing.

 

The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly

 

The market price and marketability of shares of our securities may from time to time be significantly affected by numerous factors, including many over which we have no control and that may not be directly related to us. These factors include the following:

 

   

price and volume fluctuations in the stock market from time to time, which are often unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies;

 

   

significant volatility in the market price and trading volume of securities of RICs, BDCs or other companies in our sector, which is not necessarily related to the operating performance of these companies;

 

   

changes in regulatory policies or tax guidelines, particularly with respect to RICs or BDCs;

 

   

changes in our dividend policy and earnings or variations in operating results;

 

   

any shortfall in revenue or net income or any increase in losses from levels expected by securities analysts;

 

   

decreases in our net asset value per share;

 

   

general economic trends and other external factors; and

 

   

loss of a major funding source.

 

Fluctuations in the trading price of our common stock may adversely affect the liquidity of the trading market for our common stock and, in the event that we seek to raise capital through future equity financings, our ability to raise such equity capital.

 

Future financings may be on terms adverse to shareholder interests

 

In the past we have issued, and in the future we may issue, equity to raise additional capital to fund our operations and to make investments. As noted above, our shareholders approved a proposal at a special meeting in February 2009 allowing us to sell shares of common stock below NAV per share subject to certain limitations. If we issue additional shares below our NAV per share, our existing shareholders may be further diluted.

 

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Our common stock may be difficult to resell

 

Investors may not be able to resell shares of common stock at or above their purchase prices due to a number of factors, including:

 

   

actual or anticipated fluctuation in our operating results;

 

   

volatility in our common stock price;

 

   

changes in expectations as to our future financial performance or changes in financial estimates of securities analysts; and

 

   

departures of key personnel.

 

Provisions of our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Second Amended and Restated Bylaws could deter takeover attempts

 

Our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and Second Amended and Restated Bylaws and the Delaware General Corporation Law contain provisions that may have the effect of discouraging and delaying or making more difficult a change in control. The existence of these provisions may negatively impact the price of our common stock and may discourage third party bids. These provisions may reduce any premiums paid to our shareholders for shares of our common stock that they own. Furthermore, we are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Section 203 governs business combinations with interested shareholders, and also could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control.

 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

 

None.

 

Item 2. Properties

 

We do not own any real estate or other physical properties materially important to our operations. We lease office space in ten locations for terms ranging up to fifteen years.

 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

 

Neither we, nor any of our consolidated subsidiaries, are currently subject to any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against us or any consolidated subsidiary, other than routine litigation and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Such proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the business, financial conditions, or results of our operations.

 

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

During the fourth quarter of 2008, there were no matters submitted to a vote of our security holders through the solicitation of proxies or otherwise.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

We have distributed, and currently intend to continue to distribute in the form of dividends, a minimum of 90% of our annual ordinary taxable income to our shareholders in order to maintain our qualification as a RIC. We report the estimated tax characteristics of each dividend when declared while the actual tax characteristics of dividends are reported annually to each shareholder on Form 1099-DIV. Our 2008 distributions of $3.09 per share consisted of $2.39 per share of ordinary income and $0.70 per share of long-term capital gain distributions. For our ordinary dividends declared in 2008 of $2.39 per share, $2.38 were non-qualifying dividends and $0.01 were qualifying dividends. Our ordinary taxable income and long-term capital gains comprise our investment company taxable income which differs from net income as defined by GAAP due primarily to temporary and permanent differences in interest and dividend income recognition, fee income recognition, stock-based compensation and other expense recognition, returns of capital and net unrealized appreciation or depreciation.

 

In the fourth quarter of 2008, we revised our dividend policy to manage our capital base proactively in the current volatile markets. Under this revised dividend policy, we will retain our net long-term capital gains and treat them as “deemed distributions”, and our Board of Directors will evaluate the declaration of our quarterly dividend after our financial results are determined each quarter, so that we may more precisely assess our taxable income, cash flow and changes in fair value to better manage our tangible net worth in the current volatile markets. We did not declare a dividend for the fourth quarter of 2008. We expect to declare a minimum amount of dividends in 2009 equal to our undistributed taxable income from our prior tax year in order to maintain our status as a RIC and to eliminate our 2008 taxable income.

 

For our tax year ended September 30, 2008, we retained our $155 million of net long-term capital gains resulting in a deemed distribution of $0.72 per share of net long-term capital gains to record holders as of September 30, 2008. Pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code, we paid on behalf of our shareholders $54 million of Federal taxes on the retained net long-term capital gains. Shareholders should report both their share of the retained net long term capital gains and the tax credit on their Federal tax returns. Also, shareholders should add their share of the deemed distribution, net of the tax paid by us, to the basis in their stock. The tax credits are available to shareholders whether the shares are held in a taxable or non-taxable account. We expect to retain any long-term capital gains going forward, but we will reevaluate that policy annually.

 

On January 7, 2009, the Internal Revenue Service issued a revenue procedure that temporarily allows a RIC to distribute its own stock as a dividend for the purpose of fulfilling its distribution requirements. Pursuant to this revenue procedure, a RIC may treat a distribution of its own stock as a dividend if (i) the stock is publicly traded on an established securities market, (ii) the distribution is declared with respect to a taxable year ending on or before December 31, 2009 and (iii) each shareholder may elect to receive his or her entire distribution in either cash or stock of the RIC subject to a limitation on the aggregate amount of cash to be distributed to all shareholders, which must be at least 10% of the aggregate declared distribution. If too many shareholders elect to receive cash, each shareholder electing to receive cash will receive a pro rata amount of cash (with the balance of the distribution paid in stock). In no event will any shareholder electing to receive cash receive less than 10% of his or her entire distribution in cash.

 

Under the 1940 Act, if a BDC has any senior debt securities outstanding that were publicly issued, the BDC must make provision to prohibit the declaration of any dividend (except a dividend payable in the stock of the BDC) if its asset coverage is below certain thresholds at the time of the distribution after deducting the amount of such dividend. However, we have received guidance from the staff of the SEC that notwithstanding this provision of the 1940 Act, we are able to declare and pay dividends pursuant to the revenue procedure issued by the Internal Revenue Service on January 7, 2009.

 

At the option of a holder of record of common stock, all cash distributions can be reinvested automatically under our dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”) in additional whole and fractional shares. Pursuant to our DRIP,

 

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a shareholder whose shares are registered in his own name may opt in to the plan and elect to reinvest all or a portion of his or her dividends in shares of our common stock by providing the required enrollment notice to the plan administrator, Computershare Investor Services. Shareholders whose shares are held in the name of a broker or the nominee of a broker may have distributions reinvested only if such service is provided by the broker or the nominee, or if the broker or the nominee permits participation in our DRIP. Shareholders whose shares are held in the name of a broker or other nominee should contact the broker or nominee for details. Shareholders that participate in the DRIP will receive the number of whole or fractional shares that can be obtained based on the price per share the plan administrator purchases the shares of common stock. Such shares will be acquired by the plan administrator through either receipt of newly issued shares or treasury shares from us or by purchase of outstanding shares of common stock on the open market. If the market price per share of our common stock on the dividend payment date equals or exceeds by at least 110% the net asset value per share of our common stock as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter (or as of such other time as may be determined by our Board of Directors), then our plan administrator will acquire shares of our common stock directly from us at a price equal to the greater of net asset value per share or the market price on that date less a 2% discount. However, (i) if the market price per share of our common stock on the dividend payment date does not exceed 110% of the net asset value per share of our common stock as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter or (ii) if we advise the plan administrator that since such net asset value per share was last determined we have become aware of events that indicate the possibility of a change in net asset value per share as a result of which the net asset value per share of the common stock on the dividend payment date might be higher that the current market price per share of our common stock, then the plan administrator will not acquire any newly issued shares from us at a discount and instead will buy shares of our common stock in the open market. You can find out more information about the DRIP by reading our Third Amended and Restated Dividend Reinvestment Plan, a copy of which is located on our internet website at www.americancapital.com.

 

Our stock transfer agent, registrar and dividend reinvestment plan administrator is Computershare Investor Services. Requests for information from Computershare can be sent to Computershare Investor Services, P.O. Box 43010, Providence, RI 02940, and their telephone number is 1-800-733-5001.

 

For the three fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, we have not sold any equity securities that were not registered under the Securities Act.

 

Quarterly Stock Prices and Dividend Declarations

 

Our common stock is quoted on The NASDAQ Global Select Market under the ticker symbol “ACAS”. As of February 17, 2009, we had 972 shareholders of record. Most of the shares of our common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of shareholders. We believe that there are currently over 240,500 additional beneficial holders of our common stock. The following table sets forth the range of high and low sales prices of our common stock as reported on The NASDAQ Global Select Market and our dividends paid for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. The dividends paid in the table below do not include the $0.72 per share deemed distribution of our net long-term capital gains.

 

     Sales Prices    Dividend Paid
     High    Low   

2008

        

First Quarter

   $ 37.86    $ 26.15    $ 1.01

Second Quarter

   $ 35.84    $ 23.74    $ 1.03

Third Quarter

   $ 28.49    $ 15.83    $ 1.05

Fourth Quarter

   $ 27.00    $ 2.77    $ —  

2007

        

First Quarter

   $ 49.96    $ 39.30    $ 0.89

Second Quarter

   $ 49.45    $ 40.83    $ 0.91

Third Quarter

   $ 46.99    $ 35.00    $ 0.92

Fourth Quarter

   $ 46.13    $ 32.36    $ 1.00

 

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Equity Compensation Plans

 

The following table summarizes information, as of December 31, 2008, relating to our equity compensation plans pursuant to which grants of options or other rights to acquire shares of our common stock may be granted from time to time. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for a description of our equity compensation plans (shares in millions).

 

Plan category

   Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
   Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
   Number of securities
remaining available for future
issuance under equity
compensation plans
(excluding securities reflected
in the first column of this
table)

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders(1)

   26.0    $ 34.91    13.7

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders(1)

   —      $ —      —  
                

Total

   26.0    $ 34.91    13.7
                

 

(1) All of our equity compensation plans have been approved by our shareholders.

 

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Performance Graph

 

The performance graph below compares the total cumulative shareholder return on our common stock with the cumulative shareholder return on the equity securities of companies included in the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index (“S&P 500”), BDC Peer Group, Asset Manager Peer Group and Bank Peer Group, measured as of the last trading day of each year shown. The performance graph assumes an investment of $100 on December 31, 2003 and the reinvestment of dividends on the dates of payment without commissions. The performance graph represents past performance and should not be considered to be an indication of future performance.

 

LOGO

 

The preceding graph compares a shareholder’s cumulative total return for the last five fiscal years, assuming $100 invested at December 31, 2003, with the reinvestment of all dividends, as if such amounts had been invested in: (i) our common stock; (ii) the stocks included in the S&P 500; (iii) an index of selected issuers in our BDC Peer group, composed of Allied Capital Corporation, MCG Capital Corporation and Gladstone Capital Corporation; (iv) an index of selected issuers in our Asset Manager Peer Group, composed of Affiliated Managers Group Inc., Alliance Bernstein Holding L.P., Blackrock Inc., Brookfield Asset Management Inc., Eaton Vance Corp., Federated Investors Inc., Franklin Resources Inc., INVESCO Ltd., Janus Capital Group Inc., Legg Mason Inc., T. Rowe Price Group Inc. and Waddell & Reed Financial Inc.; and (v) an index of selected issuers in our Bank Peer Group, composed of Bank of America Corp., Bank of New York Mellon Corp., BB&T Corp., Citigroup Inc., Goldman Sachs Group Inc., Jefferies Group Inc., JPMorgan Chase & Co., Morgan Stanley, PNC Financial Services Group Inc., U.S. Bancorp and Wells Fargo & Co. The S&P 500 is an unmanaged, capitalization-weighted index generally representative of the U.S. market for large capitalization stocks. This

 

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information shows how our performance compares with the returns of one of the most widely used U.S. equity indexes. The S&P 500 cannot be invested in directly.

 

     Cumulative Total Return
     12/03    12/04    12/05    12/06    12/07    12/08

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

   $ 100    $ 216    $ 256    $ 356    $ 279    $ 31

S&P 500

     100      111      116      135      142      90

BDC PEER GROUP

     100      103      108      140      100      27

ASSET MANAGER PEER GROUP

     100      130      167      210      254      116

BANK PEER GROUP

     100      110      117      148      132      81

 

Purchases of Equity Securities

 

The following table provides information for the quarter ended December 31, 2008 regarding shares of our common stock that were purchased under a non-qualified deferred compensation plan, which is administered by a third-party trustee. The Compensation and Corporate Governance Committee of our Board of Directors (“Compensation Committee”) is the administrator of the plan. The purpose of this plan is to grant bonus awards to our employees. The Compensation Committee determines cash bonus awards, including vesting schedules. The cash bonus awards are invested by the trust in shares of our common stock that are purchased in the open market.

 

     Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
   Weighted Average
Price Paid Per
Share
     (in millions, except per share
amounts)

October 2008

   —      $ —  

November 2008

   2.3      6.16

December 2008

   —        —  
           
   2.3    $ 6.16
           

 

Stock Buy-Back Plan

 

In January 2008, our Board of Directors authorized a stock buy-back program, which allowed for the repurchase of up to a maximum of $500 million of our common stock at prices below our net asset value per share as reported in our then most recently published financial statements. In November 2008, our Board of Directors terminated the stock buy-back program. During the three months ended March 31, 2008, we purchased a total 0.2 million shares of our common stock in the open market for $6 million at an average price of $31.20 per share under this program. We did not make any purchases under this program during the remainder of 2008.

 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

Consolidated Selected Financial Data

(in millions, except per share data)

 

The selected financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006     2005     2004  

Total operating income(1)

   $ 1,051     $ 1,240     $ 860     $ 555     $ 336  

Total operating expenses(2)

     521       640       424       228       114  
                                        

Operating income before income taxes

     530       600       436       327       222  

Income tax provision

     (37 )     (6 )     (11 )     (13 )     (2 )
                                        

Net operating income

     493       594       425       314       220  

Net realized gain (loss) on investments

     32       214       173       36       (38 )
                                        

Net realized earnings

     525       808       598       350       182  

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of investments

     (3,640 )     (108 )     297       15       99  

Cumulative effect of accounting change(2)

     —         —         1       —         —    
                                        

Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations

   $ (3,115 )   $ 700     $ 896     $ 365     $ 281  
                                        

Per share data:

          

Net operating income:

          

Basic

   $ 2.42     $ 3.42     $ 3.15     $ 3.16     $ 2.88  

Diluted

   $ 2.42     $ 3.36     $ 3.11     $ 3.10     $ 2.83  

Net earnings:

          

Basic

   $ (15.29 )   $ 4.03     $ 6.63     $ 3.68     $ 3.69  

Diluted

   $ (15.29 )   $ 3.96     $ 6.55     $ 3.60     $ 3.63  

Dividends declared

   $ 3.09     $ 3.72     $ 3.33     $ 3.08     $ 2.91  

Balance sheet data:

          

Total assets

   $ 7,910     $ 11,732     $ 8,609     $ 5,449     $ 3,491  

Total debt

   $ 4,428     $ 4,824     $ 3,926     $ 2,467     $ 1,561  

Total shareholders’ equity

   $ 3,155     $ 6,441     $ 4,342     $ 2,898     $ 1,872  

Net asset value per share

   $ 15.41     $ 32.88     $ 29.42     $ 24.37     $ 21.11  

Other data (unaudited):

          

Number of portfolio companies at period end

     223       219       188       141       117  

New investments(3)

   $ 2,607     $ 7,928     $ 5,136     $ 3,714     $ 2,018  

Realizations(4)

   $ 2,176     $ 4,537     $ 3,447     $ 1,455     $ 712  

Net operating income return on average equity at cost(5)

     7.5 %     11.3 %     12.0 %     13.6 %     14.1 %

Realized earnings return on average equity at cost(5)

     8.0 %     15.3 %     16.9 %     15.2 %     11.6 %

Earnings return on average equity(6)

     (60.0 )%     12.2 %     24.6 %     15.9 %     18.8 %

Assets under management(7)

   $ 13,387     $ 17,104     $ 11,317     $ 5,675     $ 3,491  

 

(1)

Prior to the second quarter of 2007, European Capital Financial Services (Guernsey) Limited (“ECFS”), the investment manager for European Capital, was a consolidated operating subsidiary since substantially all of ECFS’ services were provided indirectly to us through our ownership interest in European Capital. As a result of the IPO of European Capital, our ownership interest in European Capital was diluted and ECFS was no longer considered to be providing substantially all of its services directly or indirectly to us or to our

 

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portfolio companies. In addition, in the second quarter of 2007, we contributed our direct ownership interest in ECFS to American Capital, LLC. Accordingly, as a result of the above events, in the second quarter of 2007, ECFS was deconsolidated prospectively and is recorded at fair value on our consolidated balance sheet as part of the fair value of our portfolio investment in American Capital, LLC.

(2) In 2006, we adopted SFAS Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS No. 123(R)”). We adopted SFAS No. 123(R) using the “modified prospective” method. Under the modified prospective method, the consolidated financial statements for prior fiscal years do not reflect any restated amounts. When recognizing compensation cost under SFAS No. 123, we elected to adjust the compensation costs for forfeitures when the unvested awards were actually forfeited. However, under SFAS No. 123(R), we are required to estimate forfeitures of unvested awards when recognizing compensation cost. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) on January 1, 2006, we recorded a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net of related tax effects, to adjust compensation cost for the difference in compensation costs recognized in prior periods if forfeitures had been estimated during those periods of $1 million, or $0.01 per basic and diluted share.
(3) New investments include amounts as of the investment dates that are committed but unfunded.
(4) Realizations represent cash proceeds received upon the exit of investments including scheduled principal amortization, debt prepayments, proceeds from loan syndications, payment of accrued payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest, dividend and accreted loan discounts and sale of equity and other securities.
(5) Average equity at cost is calculated based on the quarterly shareholders’ equity balances excluding net unrealized appreciation and depreciation.
(6) Return represents net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations Average equity is calculated based on the quarterly shareholders’ equity balances.
(7) Assets under management include both (i) the total of American Capital’s assets and (ii) the total assets of third-party funds under management of American Capital, LLC, including any direct investment we have in those funds.

 

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ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation
     (in millions, except per share data)

 

Forward-Looking Statements

 

All statements contained herein that are not historical facts including, but not limited to, statements regarding anticipated activity are forward looking in nature and involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are the following: (i) changes in the economic conditions in which we operate negatively impacting our financial resources; (ii) certain of our competitors have greater financial resources than us reducing the number of suitable investment opportunities offered to us or reducing the yield necessary to consummate the investment; (iii) there is uncertainty regarding the value of our privately held securities that require our good faith estimate of fair value, and a change in estimate could affect our net asset value; (iv) our investments in securities of privately-held companies may be illiquid which could affect our ability to realize a gain; (v) our portfolio companies could default on their loans or provide no returns on our investments which could affect our operating results; (vi) we are dependent on external financing to fund our business; (vii) our ability to retain key management personnel; (viii) a continued economic downturn or recession could further impair our portfolio companies and therefore harm our operating results; (ix) our borrowing arrangements impose certain restrictions; (x) changes in interest rates may affect our cost of capital and net operating income; (xi) we cannot incur additional indebtedness unless we maintain an asset coverage of at least 200%, which may affect returns to our shareholder; (xii) we may fail to continue to qualify for our pass-through treatment as a RIC, which could have an affect on shareholder return; (xiii) our common stock price may be volatile; (xiv) there could be substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern as a result of our default under certain financial covenants in our debt facilities; and (xv) general business and economic conditions and other risk factors described in our reports filed from time to time with the SEC. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which statements are made pursuant to the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and, as such, speak only as of the date made.

 

Executive Overview

 

There have been traumatic developments in the capital markets worldwide over the past eighteen months. These developments began with credit problems in residential real estate, which led to a lack of liquidity and dramatic depreciation of residential real estate, and by extension, residential mortgage backed securities. The problems soon extended to disruptions in the markets and value of other structured finance products.

 

These developments caused a series of failures to befall a large number of financial institutions, which participated in the origination or underwriting of structured products or that invested in them. Public companies have had to depreciate their assets as trading values of structured finance products and other credit assets declined. At the end of the first quarter of 2008, The Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. collapsed and was sold to JP Morgan Chase & Co., with a large amount of Federal government assistance. This was followed by almost weekly revelations of illiquid and teetering financial institutions, government assistance and rapid mergers including Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc., Washington Mutual, Inc., Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), American International Group, Inc., Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. and Wachovia Corporation among others.

 

These developments have caused large and small corporations the world over to have significant difficulty borrowing on a short and long term basis and in raising capital. This has adversely affected aspects of businesses that rely on borrowed funds and new capital to grow and fund operations.

 

We have been significantly impacted by these developments, as has virtually every financial institution in the world. The global financial crisis has impacted our ability to currently access the debt and equity capital markets, has resulted in significant depreciation of our investment portfolio and may impact our ability to continue to exit portfolio investments in the near term. We continued to generate liquidity through the sales and repayments of portfolio investments generating over $2.2 billion of realizations of portfolio investments in 2008.

 

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However, although we currently have investments in various stages of the sales process, the increasing liquidity crisis could make it difficult for us to continue to generate significant liquidity through sales of portfolio investments at attractive prices. We also believe that the liquidity crisis will limit our ability to raise public equity and public and privately sourced debt in 2009. Our 2009 business plan assumes no new capital raises, continued delevering of our balance sheet and the reinvestment of capital only as we experience liquidity through realizations from exits and repayments.

 

Going Concern

 

Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has concluded that substantial doubt exists about our ability to continue as a going concern, and has included an explanatory paragraph to describe this uncertainty in its audit report on our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008 included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We incurred a net loss of $3.1 billion and recognized $3.5 billion of net unrealized depreciation on our portfolio investments for the year ended December 31, 2008 and our shareholders’ equity has decreased from $6.4 billion as of December 31, 2007 to $3.2 billion as of December 31, 2008. While there were declines in the performance of our portfolio investments during 2008, a significant portion of the depreciation that we have reported to date is not the result of credit impairment of our underlying assets, but rather of an unprecedented widening of investment spreads caused by distressed selling in trading markets for assets deemed to be comparable to our assets, declines in purchase multiples of middle market acquisition transactions during 2008 and application of market yield analysis to assets that were acquired with the intent of holding them to settlement or maturity as opposed to trading them. However, as a result of such unrealized depreciation, we are currently in breach of certain financial covenants under our revolving credit facilities and unsecured debt borrowing arrangements, which had an aggregate $2.3 billion outstanding (out of $4.4 billion of total debt) as of December 31, 2008.

 

As a BDC, we are generally prohibited under the 1940 Act from issuing any senior security representing indebtedness if immediately after such issuance we do not have an asset coverage ratio of at least 200%, which is calculated as the amount of our total assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by senior securities representing indebtedness. Due to the significant net unrealized depreciation and resulting decrease in our shareholders’ equity during 2008, we are currently below the 200% asset coverage ratio required to issue additional debt. Also, we are in breach of the minimum consolidated tangible net worth, portfolio charge-off and other asset coverage covenants in certain of our borrowing arrangements. As a result, the lenders and note holders under such borrowing arrangements could discontinue lending and/or declare all borrowings outstanding to be immediately due and payable after any applicable notice and/or cure periods. If any of these events occur, there is no assurance that we will have sufficient funds available to pay in full the total amount of obligations that would become due as a result of any such debt acceleration, or that we will be able to obtain additional or alternative financing to pay or refinance any such accelerated obligations.

 

We did not include any adjustments to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to reflect the possible future effects that may result from the uncertainty of our ability to continue as a going concern because we believe that we will continue to be a financially sound and viable business, continuing to invest in the debt and equity capital of middle market companies and alternative asset funds, provide managerial assistance to our portfolio companies and provide value to our shareholders. As of December 31, 2008, we had $209 million in cash and cash equivalents and $71 million of restricted cash and cash equivalents, consisting primarily of interest and principal payments on assets that are securitized. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we had $654 million of positive cash flow from operating and investing activities, including $2.2 billion of principal payments, prepayments and exits from portfolio investments. Management believes that we have adequate liquidity to continue to fund our operations and the interest payments on our borrowing arrangements in the absence of an acceleration of the maturity of such debt. We have also undertaken or expect to commence the following efforts:

 

   

We have entered into discussions with the lenders under our unsecured revolving credit facility and our private unsecured note holders, and plan to enter into discussions with our public note holders, regarding a restructuring of the borrowing arrangements;

 

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We expect to minimize our cash dividend distributions while maintaining our RIC status;

 

   

We reduced headcount by 32% and offices by 29% in 2008;

 

   

We reduced bonuses by 93% in 2008;

 

   

We generated $2.2 billion of principal payments, prepayments and exits in 2008;

 

   

We reduced debt by over $900 million, or 18%, since the second quarter of 2007;

 

   

We repaid all of our borrowings outstanding under our secured credit facility in the past year; and

 

   

We have and continue to sell assets in the ordinary course of business in order to delever our balance sheet.

 

We also believe that we can carry out our plans and continue as a going concern, in part because our assets exceed our liabilities by $3.2 billion based on fair value as determined by GAAP, or $15.41 NAV per share. Furthermore, we believe that we can continue to generate net operating income from our investments (over twice the amount of our interest payments in 2008) that exceeds our projected interest payments. Along with the fact that our assets exceed our liabilities by $3.2 billion, and by $4.2 billion when determined using our Realizable Value, will allow us either to successfully renegotiate the borrowing arrangements with our lenders and note holders or to reorganize under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, significantly mitigating the risk of a forced liquidation. Finally, apart from our securitized loans which are non-recourse, none of our lenders currently have collateral security. Unsecured creditors generally have fewer rights than secured creditors in a bankruptcy proceeding. However, if we successfully renegotiate or amend our unsecured revolving credit facility and unsecured borrowing arrangements, we may have to provide a security interest to those lenders or note holders.

 

No assurance can be given that we will be successful in restructuring these borrowing arrangements on acceptable terms, if any, or amend such financial covenants in a manner sufficient to adequately reduce the risk of default in the near future. Should our lenders and/or other counterparties demand immediate repayment of all of our obligations, we will likely be unable to pay such obligations. In such event, we may have to recapitalize, refinance our obligations, sell some or all of our assets or seek to reorganize under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code.

 

In addition, pursuant to the terms of our unsecured revolving credit facility, during an event of default, the interest rate on our borrowings outstanding under the facility could increase by 2.00% at our lenders’ option. After all events of default under a credit facility have been cured or waived, the default rate for the facility is no longer applicable. Pursuant to the terms of our unsecured private notes, during an event of default, the note holders can declare that all amounts outstanding are immediately due and payable. Any overdue amount would accrue interest at a default rate equal to the greater of 2.00% above the stated rate, or if applicable, the prime rate. The note holders can rescind any acceleration if all late payments are made, all events of default are cured or waived and no judgment has been entered for the payment of money due under the notes. Pursuant to the terms of our public unsecured bonds, during an event of default, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding bonds may declare the principal and accrued interest to be due and payable immediately. Under certain circumstances, any such acceleration of the maturity of the bonds may be rescinded by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding bonds.

 

Upon adoption of SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008, we decided to not elect the fair value option for our debt and therefore all of our debt liabilities are reflected on our consolidated balance sheet at their stated maturity values of $4.4 billion as of December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2008, we estimate that the fair value of our debt is approximately $3.2 billion, or $1.2 billion less than the stated maturity values.

 

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American Capital Investing Activity

 

We provide investment capital to middle market companies, which we generally consider to be companies with sales between $10 million and $750 million. We primarily invest in senior debt, mezzanine debt and equity in the buyouts of private companies sponsored by us, the buyouts of private companies sponsored by other private equity firms and directly to early stage and mature private and small public companies. Currently, we will invest up to $400 million in a single middle market transaction in North America. We also invest in Structured Products and alternative asset funds managed by us. For summary financial information by segment and geographic area, see the footnotes to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

 

We seek to be a long-term partner with our portfolio companies. As a long-term partner, we will invest capital in a portfolio company subsequent to our initial investment if we believe that it can achieve appropriate returns for our investment. Add-on financings fund (i) strategic acquisitions by a portfolio company of either a complete business or specific lines of a business that are related to the portfolio company’s business, (ii) recapitalization of a portfolio company to raise financing on better terms, buyout one or several owners or to pay a dividend, (iii) growth of the portfolio company such as product development or plant expansions, or (iv) working capital for a portfolio company, sometimes in distressed situations, that need capital to fund operating costs, debt service, or growth in receivables or inventory.

 

The total value of our investment portfolio was $7.4 billion, $10.9 billion and $8.1 billion as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our new investments totaled $2.6 billion, $7.9 billion and $5.1 billion during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The amounts of our new investments include both funded commitments and unfunded commitments as of the investment date. As a result of the global liquidity crisis and corresponding reduction in the merger and acquisition (“M&A”) activity, our volume of new investments in 2008 were significantly lower than our new investments in 2007 and 2006. More specifically, the reduced M&A activity had a significant impact on our volume of investments in American Capital sponsored buyouts, our financing of other private equity firm buyouts and our financing of add-on acquisitions for our existing portfolio companies.

 

The type and aggregate dollar amount of our new investments during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were as follows (in millions):

 

     2008    2007    2006

American Capital sponsored buyouts

   $ 303    $ 3,273    $ 2,200

Financing for private equity buyouts

     485      1,756      1,043

Direct investments

     192      843      263

Investments in managed funds

     775      474      —  

Structured products

     151      602      560

Add-on financing for growth

     349      7      2

Add-on financing for recapitalizations

     110      489      442

Add-on financing for acquisitions

     98      385      584

Add-on financing for working capital in distressed situations

     144      99      42
                    

Total

   $ 2,607    $ 7,928    $ 5,136
                    

 

The $775 million of investments in managed funds in 2008 consists primarily of a $650 million unsecured revolving credit facility to European Capital and our $100 million common stock investment in AGNC. As of December 31, 2008, $286 million of the unsecured revolving credit facility to European Capital has not been funded.

 

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During the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, we received cash proceeds from realizations and repayments of portfolio investments, excluding repayments of bridge notes and accrued PIK interest from European Capital, as follows (in millions):

 

     2008    2007    2006

Principal prepayments

   $ 770    $ 1,411    $ 1,223

Senior loan syndications

     349      1,601      456

Scheduled principal amortization

     80      74      64

Payment of accrued PIK interest and dividend and original issue discounts

     64      74      77

Sale of CMBS securities

     —        402      —  

Sale of equity investments

     913      975      1,102
                    

Total

   $ 2,176    $ 4,537    $ 2,922
                    

 

We continued to produce liquidity in 2008 through the realizations of our portfolio investments. However, the overall reduction in realizations from 2007 and 2006 was driven primarily by the reduced global M&A activity. In particular, the significant reduction in senior loan syndication proceeds in 2008 was driven by the reduction of our new investments from American Capital One-Stop Buyouts™ and one-stop financing for other private equity buyouts in which we typically syndicate the senior debt financing of such investments subsequent to our initial funding date.

 

Results of Operations

 

The following analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.

 

Our consolidated financial performance, as reflected in our consolidated statements of operations, is composed of the following three primary elements:

 

   

The first element is “Net operating income,” which is primarily the interest, dividends and prepayment fees earned from investing in debt and equity securities and the fees we earn from portfolio company management, asset management, financing and transaction structuring activities, less our operating expenses and provision for income taxes.

 

   

The second element is “Net realized gain on investments,” which reflects the difference between the proceeds from an exit of an investment and the cost at which the investment was carried on our consolidated balance sheets and periodic interest settlements and termination receipts or payments on derivatives, foreign currency transaction gains or losses and income taxes on realized gains.

 

   

The third element is “Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments,” which is the net change in the estimated fair value of our portfolio investments and of our interest rate derivatives at the end of the period compared with their estimated fair values at the beginning of the period or their stated costs, as appropriate. In addition, our net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments includes the foreign currency translation from converting assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency to the U.S. dollar.

 

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The consolidated operating results for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were as follows (in millions):

 

     2008     2007     2006  

Operating income

   $ 1,051     $ 1,240     $ 860  

Operating expenses

     521       640       424  
                        

Operating income before income taxes

     530       600       436  

Provision for income taxes

     (37 )     (6 )     (11 )
                        

Net operating income

     493       594       425  

Net realized gain on investments

     32       214       173  
                        

Net realized earnings

     525       808       598  
                        

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of investments

     (3,640 )     (108 )     297  
                        

Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations before cumulative effect of accounting change

     (3,115 )     700       895  

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

     —         —         1  
                        

Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations

   $ (3,115 )   $ 700     $ 896  
                        

 

Fiscal Year 2008 Compared to Fiscal Year 2007

 

Net Operating Income

 

Operating Income

 

We have two primary lines of business: Investing and Asset Management/Advisory. We derive the majority of our operating income from our Investing segment, which primarily invests in senior and subordinated debt and equity of middle market companies with attractive current yields and/or potential for equity appreciation and realized gains.

 

Our Asset Management/Advisory segment provides management services to both our portfolio company investments and our alternative asset funds. Our Asset Management/Advisory segment includes financial advisory services provided to our portfolio company investments and includes both management fees for providing managerial advice and analysis to our middle market portfolio companies, which can be recurring in nature, and transaction structuring and financing fees for structuring, financing and executing middle market portfolio transactions, which may not be recurring in nature. These services are primarily provided by our consolidated operating subsidiary, ACFS. Our Asset Management/Advisory segment also includes our third-party alternative asset fund management business. As of December 31, 2008, all of our third-party alternative asset fund management services are conducted through our wholly-owned portfolio company, American Capital, LLC. Prior to the second quarter of 2007, our third-party alternative asset fund management services were conducted through both ECFS, which was deconsolidated in the second quarter of 2007 (see note 18 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K), and wholly-owned portfolio companies. To the extent American Capital, LLC declares regular quarterly dividends of its net operating income to us, such dividends would be included in our Asset Management/Advisory segment as dividend income. The results for our Asset Management/Advisory segment also include the realized gain (loss) and unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of such wholly-owned portfolio companies.

 

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The following is a summary of our operating income by segment for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):

 

     2008    2007
     Investing    Asset
Management
and Advisory
   Consolidated    Investing    Asset
Management
and Advisory
   Consolidated

Interest and dividend income

   $ 932    $ 18    $ 950    $ 958    $ 41    $ 999

Fee and other income

     11      90      101      22      219      241
                                         

Total operating income

   $ 943    $ 108    $ 1,051    $ 980    $ 260    $ 1,240
                                         

 

Investing Segment

 

Operating income from our Investing segment consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):

 

     2008    2007

Interest income on debt investments

   $ 726    $ 735

Dividend income on equity securities

     198      213

Interest income on bank deposits

     8      10
             

Interest and dividend income

     932      958
             

Prepayment fees

     5      15

Other fees

     6      7
             

Fee and other income

     11      22
             

Total operating income

   $ 943    $ 980
             

 

Interest income on debt investments decreased by $9 million, or 1%, to $726 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $735 million for 2007, due to a decline in the weighted average effective interest rate on our debt investments partially offset by an increase in our debt investments. Dividend income on equity securities decreased by $15 million, or 7%, to $198 for 2008 from $213 million for 2007, primarily due to a decline in the weighted average effective yield on our equity investments partially offset by an increase in our equity investments.

 

The following table summarizes selected data for our debt and equity investments, at cost, for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 (dollars in millions):

 

     2008     2007  

Effective interest rate on debt investments(1)(2)

     10.8 %     12.0 %

Debt investments(1)(2)

   $ 6,731     $  6,146  

Average monthly one-month LIBOR

     2.5 %     5.2 %

Non-accrual loans at face as of period end

   $ 871     $ 338  

Non-accrual loans at fair value as of period end

   $ 150     $ 122  

Effective yield on equity investments(1)(3)

     5.0 %     6.2 %

Equity investments(1)(3)

   $ 3,944     $ 3,422  

Effective yield on debt and equity investments(1)(3)

     8.6 %     9.9 %

Debt and equity investments(1)(3)

   $ 10,675     $ 9,568  

 

(1) Monthly weighted average.
(2) Includes CMBS.
(3) Excludes our equity investments in alternative asset fund management portfolio companies.

 

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The monthly weighted average effective interest rate on debt investments decreased 120 basis points to 10.8% for the year ended December 31, 2008 from 12.0% for the year ended December 31, 2007. This is primarily due to a decrease in LIBOR from the prior year resulting in lower interest income on our variable rate loans. The decrease in the monthly weighted average effective interest rate is also due to an increase in non-accrual loans, partially offset by an increase in the interest spreads on new investments originated in the last eighteen months.

 

The monthly weighted average effective yield on equity investments decreased 120 basis points to 5.0% for the year ended December 31, 2008 from 6.2% for the year ended December 31, 2007. The decrease is primarily due to (i) a lower accrual of dividends on our preferred stock investments of our private finance portfolio and (ii) lower non-recurring cash dividends from our common stock investments in our private finance portfolio, partially offset by (iii) an increase in our cash dividends from our common equity investments in our alternative asset funds. We recorded dividend income on our equity investment in European Capital of $51 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $52 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. We also recorded dividend income of $13 million on our equity investment in AGNC for the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Asset Management/Advisory Segment

 

Operating income from our Asset Management/Advisory segment consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):

 

     2008    2007

Dividend income from alternative asset fund management portfolio companies

   $ 18    $ 41
             

Dividend income

     18      41
             

Loan financing fees

     20      55

Equity financing fees

     4      51

Transaction structuring fees

     4      36

Fund asset management fees and reimbursements

     29      34

Portfolio company advisory and administrative fees

     21      27

Other

     12      16
             

Fee and other income

     90      219
             

Total operating income

   $ 108    $ 260
             

 

Dividend Income

 

The net operating income of American Capital, LLC is comprised of the base management fees, profit sharing (called carried interest or incentive fee) and transaction fees it earns less the operating expenses it incurs for providing fund management services. For the year ended December 31, 2008, American Capital, LLC declared dividends of $18 million compared to dividends of $41 million for year ended December 31, 2007. The decrease in dividend income is attributable primarily to a decrease in American Capital, LLC’s net operating income in 2008 due mostly to lower transaction fees from lower investment volume of its private equity funds under management, mostly European Capital, and lower management fees due to a decrease in assets under management primarily attributable to higher unrealized depreciation on the asset portfolio of European Capital.

 

Fee and Other Income

 

Loan financing fees for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased $35 million, or 64%, over the comparable period in 2007. The decrease in loan financing fees for the year ended December 31, 2008 was attributable to a decrease in loan originations. The loan originations during the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased by $3.3 billion as compared to the prior year. The loan financing fees were 1.0% and 1.1% of loan

 

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originations for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Loan fees received that are representative of additional yield are recorded as OID and accreted into interest income using the effective interest method and not included in fee income.

 

Equity financing fees for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased $47 million, or 92% over the comparable period in 2007. Transaction structuring fees for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased $32 million, or 89% over the comparable period in 2007. Equity financing fees and transaction structuring fees were significantly lower in 2008 due primarily to reduced volume of American Capital sponsored buyouts.

 

Fund asset management fees and reimbursements revenue for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 includes fees of $29 million and $19 million, respectively, for providing advisory and administrative services to American Capital, LLC. In addition, prior to the second quarter of 2007, ECFS was a consolidated operating subsidiary that earned alternative asset management fees and expense reimbursement revenues. The alternative asset management fees and expense reimbursements revenue earned by ECFS during the year ended December 31, 2007 was $15 million. There were no alternative asset management fees and expense reimbursements revenue recorded by us related to ECFS during the year ended December 31, 2008 as it was deconsolidated in the second quarter of 2007.

 

Operating Expenses

 

Operating expenses decreased $119 million, or 19%, for the year ended December 31, 2008 over the comparable period in 2007. Our operating leverage was 1.9% for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. Operating leverage is our operating expenses plus those of ECFS post-deconsolidation through December 31, 2008, excluding stock-based compensation and interest expense, divided by our total assets under management at period end. Operating expenses consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):

 

     2008    2007

Interest

   $ 220    $ 287

Salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation

     206      254

General and administrative

     95      99
             

Total operating expenses

   $ 521    $ 640
             

 

Interest Expense

 

Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased $67 million, or 23%, over the comparable period in 2007. The decrease in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2008 was primarily attributable to a decrease in our weighted average interest rate due to a decline in LIBOR as well as a decrease in our weighted average borrowings. The weighted average interest rate on all of our borrowings for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was 4.9% and 6.3%, respectively. Our weighted average borrowings decreased from $4,572 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 to $4,508 million in the comparable period in 2008.

 

Salaries, Benefits and Stock-based Compensation

 

Salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):

 

     2008    2007

Base salaries

   $ 93    $ 92

Incentive compensation

     5      73

Severance costs

     10      —  

Benefits

     17      17

Stock-based compensation

     81      72
             

Total salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation

   $ 206    $ 254
             

 

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Salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased $48 million, or 19%, over the comparable period in 2007. The decrease is primarily due to lower incentive compensation in 2008, a decrease in the number of employees and the deconsolidation of ECFS, partially offset by severance costs in 2008 and annual salary increases. Our incentive compensation during the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased by $68 million, or 93%, over the comparable period in 2007 as a result of not meeting operating performance criteria. As discussed above, we deconsolidated ECFS in the second quarter of 2007. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, the total salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation of ECFS was $7 million through the date of its deconsolidation.

 

To better align our organization and cost structure with current economic conditions, we undertook a strategic review of our business in 2008 which resulted in an aggregate restructuring charge of $19 million. The restructuring charge included $10 million for severance and related costs associated with 160 employees and $9 million of costs related to excess facilities. The severance and related costs are included in salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation and the excess facilities costs are included in general and administrative in our consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2008, we had total employees of 384 compared to total employees of 580 as of December 31, 2007.

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

General and administrative expenses decreased by $4 million, or 4%, over the comparable period in 2007. The decrease is primarily due to the decrease in the number of employees, lower employee recruiting costs and the deconsolidation of ECFS, partially offset by the $9 million restructuring charge related to excess facilities discussed above.

 

Provision for Income Taxes

 

We operate to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify as a RIC, we must annually distribute in a timely manner to our shareholders at least 90% of our taxable ordinary income of our investment company based on our tax fiscal year. Ordinary income includes net short-term capital gains but excludes net long-term capital gains. A RIC is not subject to federal income tax on the portion of its ordinary income and long-term capital gains that are distributed to its shareholders, including “deemed distributions.” As permitted by the Code, a RIC can designate dividends paid in the subsequent tax year as dividends of current year ordinary income and net long-term gains if those dividends are both declared by the extended due date of the RIC’s federal income tax return and paid to shareholders by the last day of the subsequent tax year. We have distributed, or intend to distribute, sufficient dividends to eliminate our taxable income. Accordingly, we do not have a provision for income taxes on our income from our investment company.

 

As a RIC, we are also subject to a nondeductible federal excise tax of 4% if we do not distribute at least 98% of our ordinary income, excluding net short-term capital gains, in any calendar year and 98% of our capital gains for each one-year period ending October 31, including any undistributed income from the prior excise tax year. For the calendar years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the one-year periods ending October 31, 2008 and 2007, we did not distribute at least 98% of our ordinary income and capital gains and accrued the 4% excise tax. For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, we accrued $14 million and $7 million, respectively, of excise tax attributable to undistributed ordinary income, which is included in our provision for income taxes on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we accrued $6 million of excise tax attributable to undistributed capital gains, which is included in taxes on net realized gain on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 

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Our consolidated operating subsidiary, ACFS, is subject to corporate level Federal, state and local income tax. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we accrued a tax provision of $23 million compared to a tax benefit $1 million for the corresponding period in 2007. ACFS operated at a net loss during the year ended December 31, 2008, however we recorded a valuation allowance against our deferred tax asset during 2008 that resulted in a provision for income taxes on our consolidated statements of operations attributable to ACFS. We use the liability method in accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their tax basis and are stated at tax rates expected to be in effect when taxes are actually paid or recovered. A valuation allowance is provided against deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. In determining if our deferred tax asset is realizable, we consider the forecasted future taxable income of ACFS as well as any tax planning strategies. Considering the current macroeconomic environment, we concluded that it is more likely than not that we would not realize most of our deferred tax asset with future taxable income of ACFS. Accordingly, we recorded a valuation allowance against our deferred tax asset in 2008. Substantially most of our $23 million tax provision of ACFS for the year ended December 31, 2008 related to our recording of a valuation allowance.

 

Net Realized Gain (Loss) on Investments

 

Our net realized gain (loss) on investments for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 consisted of the following individual portfolio company realized gain (loss) greater than $15 million (in millions):

 

     2008     2007  

BPWest, Inc.

   $ 69     $ —    

Contec Holdings, Ltd

     58       —    

SSH Acquisition, Inc.

     37       —    

Pasternak Enterprises, Inc.

     34       —    

PaR Systems, Inc.

     19       —    

Exstream Holdings, Inc.

     18       —    

PHC Acquisition, Inc.

     16       —    

Sale to American Capital Equity II, LP

     —         78  

Ranpak Acquisition Company

     —         64  

EAG Acquisition, LLC

     —         50  

ACSAB, LLC

     —         45  

SAV Holdings, Inc.

     1       43  

The Hygenic Corporation

     1       22  

Other

     42       61  
                

Total gross realized portfolio gains

     295       363  
                

Stein World, LLC

     (32 )     —    

BLI Partners, LLC

     (16 )     —    

Stravina Holdings, Inc.

     —         (45 )

New Starcom Holdings, Inc.

     —         (43 )

Sale of 22 CMBS Investments

     —         (22 )

Logex Corporation

     —         (21 )

Other

     (115 )     (34 )
                

Total gross realized portfolio losses

     (163 )     (165 )
                

Total net realized portfolio gains

     132       198  

Interest rate derivative periodic interest (payments) receipts, net

     (31 )     10  

Interest rate derivative termination (payments) receipts, net

     (9 )     7  

Foreign currency transactions

     (6 )     5  

Taxes on net realized gains

     (54 )     (6 )
                

Total net realized gains

   $ 32     $ 214  
                

 

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During 2008, we received full repayment of our remaining $9 million subordinated debt investment in BPWest, Inc. and sold all of our equity interests for $75 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $69 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $71 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds that we expect to receive of $4 million.

 

During 2008, we received full repayment of our remaining $88 million subordinated debt investment in Contec Holdings, Ltd. and sold all of our equity interests for $165 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $58 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $58 million. We provided $135 million in subordinated debt financing to the purchasers.

 

During 2008, we received full repayment of our remaining $32 million subordinated debt investment in SSH Acquisition, Inc. and sold all of our equity interests for $59 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $37 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $40 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds that we expect to receive of $6 million. We provided $141 million in senior and subordinated debt financing to the purchasers.

 

During 2008, we received full repayment of our remaining $29 million subordinated debt investment in Pasternack Enterprises, Inc. and sold all of our equity interests for $44 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $34 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $35 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds that we expect to receive of $2 million.

 

During 2008, we sold all of our equity interests in PaR Systems, Inc. for $20 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $19 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $20 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds that we expect to receive of $1 million. We provided $5 million in senior debt financing to the purchasers.

 

During 2008, we received full repayment of our remaining $65 million subordinated debt investment in Exstream Holdings, Inc. and sold our equity interests for $306 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $18 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $23 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds that we expect to receive of $8 million.

 

During 2008, we received full repayment of our remaining $27 million subordinated debt investment in PHC Acquisition, Inc. and sold equity interests for $32 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $16 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $20 million. We retained a 5.8% common equity interest in the acquiring portfolio company, Primrose Holding Corporation. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds that we expect to receive of $4 million.

 

During 2008, all of the operating assets of Stein World, LLC were sold pursuant to a sale foreclosure initiated by the lenders senior to us. We did not receive any proceeds from the sale and wrote off our debt investments in 2008 realizing a loss of $32 million offset by a reversal of unrealized depreciation of $32 million.

 

During 2008, we sold our minority equity interests in BLI Partners, LLC for $1 million in proceeds realizing a loss of $16 million fully offset by a reversal of unrealized depreciation.

 

In October 2007, we sold approximately 17% of our equity investments (other than warrants issued with debt investments) in 80 portfolio companies for an aggregate purchase price of $488 million to ACE II. ACE II is a private equity fund with $585 million of equity commitments from third-party investors. The remaining $97 million equity commitment will be used by ACE II to fund add-on investments in the 80 portfolio companies. American Capital, LLC manages ACE II in exchange for a 2% annual management fee on the cost basis of the assets of the fund and a 10% to 30% carried interest in the net profits of the fund, subject to certain hurdles. We recorded a total net realized gain of $78 million upon the sale of the $488 million of investments. In accordance with SFAS No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of

 

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Liabilities (“SFAS No. 140”), we included in our sale proceeds the fair value of the management agreement associated with the $488 million of investments sold. The fair value of this portion of the contract was determined to be $20 million and was treated as being contributed to American Capital, LLC and included in our cost basis in our investment in American Capital, LLC. As a result, our $78 million of net realized gain on the transaction includes $20 million of a realized gain for the value of a portion of the management agreement received as sale proceeds.

 

During the second quarter of 2007, our portfolio company Ranpak Acquisition Company (“Ranpak”) recapitalized its balance sheet that included a partial redemption of its redeemable preferred stock. As part of the recapitalization, we received $71 million in proceeds for the partial redemption of our preferred stock investment in Ranpak, including full repayment of related accrued dividends, realizing a gain of $19 million. In addition, during the fourth quarter of 2007, we received full repayment of our remaining $107 million subordinated debt investment in Ranpak and sold all of our equity interest for $119 million in proceeds realizing a total additional gain of $45 million, offset by the reversal of unrealized appreciation of $56 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds that we expect to receive of $1 million.

 

During 2007, a newly formed holding company, EAG Limited, closed on an IPO and began trading on the London Stock Exchange. As part of the offering, we sold all our shares in our portfolio company, EAG Acquisition, LLC, for proceeds of $55 million and received full repayment of our $104 million senior and subordinated debt investment. We realized a total gain of $50 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $26 million.

 

Our portfolio company ACSAB, LLC (“ACSAB”) held an investment in ASAlliances Biofuels, LLC (“ASAlliances”). During 2007, ASAlliances was sold to VeraSun Energy Corporation (“VeraSun”) (NYSE: VSE) for cash and stock consideration. ACSAB distributed to us our share of its sale proceeds, after tax, consisting of cash, stock of VeraSun and an escrow that holds additional stock of VeraSun with a total value of $73 million. The value of the VeraSun stock was $32 million and the expected proceeds of the escrow were $13 million. As part of the sale transaction, we also received full repayment of our $48 million subordinated debt investment in ASAlliances. We recorded a total realized gain on the transaction of $45 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $55 million.

 

During 2007, we received full repayment of our remaining $29 million senior and subordinated debt investments in SAV Holdings, Inc. and sold all of our equity interests for $66 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $43 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $49 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds that we expect to receive of $6 million.

 

During 2007, we received full repayment of our remaining $18 million senior debt investment in The Hygenic Corporation and sold all of our equity interests for $22 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $22 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $22 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds that we expect to receive of $1 million.

 

During 2007, Stravina Holdings, Inc. (“Stravina”) initiated an assignment of its assets for the benefit of its creditors, which is an out of court liquidation process. We received $2 million of sale proceeds and expect to receive a minimal amount of proceeds from the liquidation of the remaining assets of Stravina. We deemed our common stock and debt investments as worthless and we wrote them off with the exception of a senior debt investment with a fair value $0.1 million that we expect to receive payments from the additional liquidation proceeds. We realized a loss of $45 million fully offset by a reversal of unrealized depreciation.

 

During 2007, New Starcom Holdings, Inc. sold one of its operating subsidiaries and ceased all of its other operations. We did not expect to receive any proceeds from our subordinated debt or equity investment and deemed our investments to be worthless recognizing a realized loss of $43 million fully offset by a reversal of unrealized depreciation.

 

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During 2007, we sold our investments in 121 subordinated tranches of bonds in 22 CMBS trusts to ACAS CRE CDO, a new commercial real estate collateralized debt obligation trust. Our cost basis in the CMBS bonds sold to ACAS CRE CDO was $642 million with a principal balance of $1.2 billion. Third-party investors in ACAS CRE CDO purchased AAA through A-bonds for a total purchase price of $411 million with a principal balance of $412 million. We purchased investment grade and non-investment grade notes and preferred shares of ACAS CRE CDO for a total purchase price of $215 million with a principal balance of $763 million. In accordance with SFAS No. 140, the securities that we purchased are considered to be beneficial interests in the sold CMBS bonds that are retained by us. The beneficial interests that continue to be held by us were measured at the date of transfer by allocating the previous carrying amount of the sold CMBS bonds between the ACAS CRE CDO notes sold to third-parties and the ACAS CRE CDO notes and preferred shares that we continue to hold based on their relative fair values. American Capital, LLC, serves as the collateral manager for ACAS CRE CDO in exchange for an annual senior management fee of 7.5 basis points and a subordinate fee of 7.5 basis points. In accordance with SFAS No. 140, the fair value of the collateral management agreement estimated to be $2 million was included as additional sale proceeds and treated as being contributed to American Capital, LLC increasing our cost basis in that portfolio investment. We recorded a net realized loss of $22 million in 2007 related to this transaction offset by a reversal of unrealized depreciation of $17 million.

 

During 2007, the operating assets of Logex Corporation were sold pursuant to an asset purchase and sale agreement. We received cash proceeds from the sale of the operating assets as partial payment on our subordinated debt investments and expected to receive additional payments on our subordinated debt investments from sale proceeds held in escrow. We deemed our equity investments and subordinated debt investments that will not be repaid with any of the sale proceeds held in escrow as worthless and wrote off the securities realizing a loss of $21 million fully offset by a reversal of unrealized depreciation.

 

We record the accrual of the periodic interest settlements of interest rate swaps in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments and subsequently record the amount as a realized gain (loss) on investments on the interest settlement date. We generally pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate based on LIBOR under our interest rate swap agreements. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded a net realized loss of $31 million compared to a net realized gain of $10 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from the settlement of the periodic interest payments under our interest rate swap agreements. The unfavorable periodic interest settlements in 2008 as compared to 2007 are due primarily from the decrease in LIBOR rates in 2008 as compared to 2007.

 

Cash payments received or paid for the termination of an interest rate derivative agreement are recorded as a realized gain or loss upon termination. Interest rate swap agreements were terminated prior to their maturity resulting in net cash settlement payments of $9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to net cash settlement receipts of $7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

For our tax year ended September 30, 2008, we retained our $155 million of net long-term capital gains resulting in a deemed distribution of $0.72 per share of net long-term capital gains to record holders as of September 30, 2008. Pursuant to the Code, we paid on behalf of our shareholders $54 million of Federal taxes on the retained net long-term capital gains.

 

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Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) of Investments

 

The net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments is based on valuations approved by our Board of Directors. The following table itemizes the change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):

 

     2008     2007  

Gross unrealized appreciation of private finance portfolio investments

   $ 192     $ 642  

Gross unrealized depreciation of private finance portfolio investments

     (1,508 )     (523 )

Impact of adopting SFAS No. 157

     (447 )     —    
                

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of private finance portfolio investments

     (1,763 )     119  

Net unrealized depreciation of managed funds(1)

     (671 )     (281 )

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of American Capital, LLC(1)

     (300 )     406  

Net unrealized depreciation of Structured Products

     (606 )     (203 )

Reversal of prior period net unrealized appreciation upon a realization

     (140 )     (167 )
                

Net unrealized depreciation of portfolio investments

     (3,480 )     (126 )

Foreign currency translation

     (41 )     98  

Derivative and option agreements

     (119 )     (80 )
                

Net unrealized depreciation of investments

   $ (3,640 )   $ (108 )
                

 

(1) Excludes foreign currency translation.

 

Private Finance

 

Our private finance portfolio investments consist of loans and equity securities primarily to privately-held middle market companies. There is generally no publicly available information about these companies and an active primary or secondary market for the trading of these privately issued loans and securities generally does not exist. Our investments have been historically exited through normal repayment or a change in control transaction such as a sale or recapitalization of the portfolio company.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded $1,763 million of net unrealized depreciation on our private finance portfolio investments, including $447 million of net unrealized depreciation as a result of the change in our accounting methodologies from the adoption of SFAS No. 157. The remaining $1,316 million of net unrealized depreciation on our private finance portfolio investments during 2008 was driven primarily by declines in multiples of comparable companies and reduction of historic and projected cash flows of certain portfolio companies.

 

As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we adopted SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008. As a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 157, we were required to modify our valuation methodologies for certain of our private finance investments. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 157, we generally determined the fair value of our private finance portfolio investments by using the enterprise value waterfall (“Enterprise Value Waterfall”) valuation methodology. This valuation approach results in the determination of a fair value of our investments based on a change of control in an M&A transaction or a recapitalization of the enterprise based on the value of the enterprise. However, upon the adoption of SFAS No. 157, for investments in debt and redeemable preferred equity securities of portfolio companies for which we do not have the ability to initiate a sale of the portfolio company as of the measurement date and for which there is no active market, we are required under SFAS No. 157 to use a hypothetical secondary market as our principal market. We determine the fair value based on the assumptions that hypothetical market participants would use to value the investment in a current hypothetical sale using the market yield (“Market Yield”) valuation methodology. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded $447 million of net unrealized depreciation as a result of using a Market Yield valuation methodology to determine the

 

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fair value of these investments instead of the Enterprise Value Waterfall valuation methodology. We intend to hold these private finance portfolio investments until settlement or maturity which would generally be on a change of control event such as a sale or recapitalization of the company. In general, we would not exit these investments in a secondary market where the sale proceeds would be based on a market yield. Accordingly, we do not expect to realize this $447 million of cumulative net unrealized depreciation if we hold the investments to settlement or maturity and there are no significant unanticipated impairments.

 

Under the Market Yield valuation methodology, the net unrealized depreciation of $447 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 was driven by a significant increase in expected current market yields and interest rate spreads of similar loans or securities as well as a decline in LIBOR. For example, the Merrill Lynch 3-5 Year BB US Cash Pay High Yield Index as of December 31, 2008 increased approximately 700 basis points as compared to the prior year. This index tracks U.S. denominated debt, currently in a coupon paying period that is publicly issued in the U.S. domestic market with a remaining term to maturity greater than or equal to 3 years and less than 5 years and rated BB1 through BB3. However, we estimate that the privately-held middle market loan pricing as of December 31, 2008 has increased over 200 basis points for senior debt and over 300 basis points for subordinated debt as compared to the prior year. In addition, the one-month LIBOR as of December 31, 2008 decreased by over 400 basis points as compared to the prior year.

 

The remaining $1,316 million of net unrealized depreciation on our private finance portfolio was driven primarily by declines in multiples of comparable companies and reduction of historical and projected cash flows of certain portfolio companies. Under the Enterprise Value Waterfall valuation methodology, we estimate the enterprise value of the portfolio company by preparing an analysis consisting of traditional valuation methodologies including market, income and cost approaches. We weight some or all of the traditional valuation methods based on individual circumstances of the portfolio company. Three of the more significant traditional valuation methodologies used are: valuations of comparable public companies, recent sales of private and public comparable companies, and discounting the forecasted cash flows of the portfolio company. During 2008, the trading multiples of comparable public companies have declined significantly. For example, the Wilshire 5000 Index declined 37% during 2008. The Wilshire 5000 Index is a common index that measures the performance of the stocks for nearly every traded public company in the United States. Also, recent sales of private and public comparable companies also reflect lower multiples. In addition, the performance of certain of our portfolio companies deteriorated during 2008 due to both global macroeconomic factors due to the economic recession as well as individual performance issues at certain portfolio companies resulting in a decline of cash flows. Of our $1,316 million of remaining net unrealized depreciation on our private finance portfolio during the year ended December 31, 2008, we estimate that approximately two-thirds was due to multiple compression and approximately one-third was due to portfolio company performance.

 

Managed Funds

 

For the year ended December 31, 2008, the net unrealized depreciation of our managed funds was $671 million, consisting primarily of $672 million of unrealized depreciation on our investment in European Capital. We own a 68% controlling majority-owned interest in European Capital, a company publicly traded on the London Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “ECAS”. As outlined in our accounting policy and in accordance with the 1940 Act for determining fair value, for securities of companies that are publicly traded for which we have a majority-owned interest, the value is based on the market quote on the valuation date plus a control premium if our Board of Directors determines in good faith that additional value above the market quote would be obtainable upon transfer of control. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, European Capital’s closing market quote was €0.90 and €6.98 per share, respectively. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the fair value of our controlling majority-owned equity interest in European Capital was determined to be €1.15 and €7.88 per share, respectively, which was based on the closing market quote plus a control premium of 27% and 13%, respectively. The $672 million of unrealized depreciation in our investment in European Capital during the year ended December 31, 2008 was driven primarily by a decrease in the market quote from December 31, 2007 to December 31, 2008. Including the impact of foreign currency translation, our equity investment in European Capital was valued at $117 million and $839 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. A control

 

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premium was applied to the market quote as it was determined in good faith by our Board of Directors that additional value above the market quote would be obtainable upon the sale of our controlling interest in European Capital. The purchaser of the majority-owned controlling interest in European Capital would have the ability to realize the net asset value and take advantage of synergies and other benefits that would result from control over European Capital.

 

American Capital, LLC

 

American Capital, LLC, a wholly-owned portfolio company of American Capital, is a holding company of wholly-owned third-party fund managers. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recognized $300 million of unrealized depreciation on our investment in American Capital, LLC compared to $406 million of unrealized appreciation in the comparable period in 2007. This decline was primarily driven by a decrease in the trading multiples of comparable asset management companies and a decline in its projected management and incentive fees due to lower projected transaction fees and a decline in the growth rate of assets under management. The projected lower transaction fees are due to lower projected investment originations of the alternative asset funds under its management. The decline in projected assets under management of American Capital, LLC is due in part to additional unrealized depreciation as a result of changes to accounting valuation methodologies upon the adoption of SFAS No. 157 by the third-party alternative asset funds managed by American Capital, LLC, primarily European Capital.

 

Structured Products

 

American Capital has investments in Structured Products such as investment and non-investment grade tranches of CMBS, CLO and CDO securities. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded $606 million of net unrealized depreciation on our Structured Products investments. Our CMBS portfolio, which includes a commercial real estate CDO, experienced $455 million of net unrealized depreciation and our CLO and CDO portfolios experienced $151 million of net unrealized depreciation during the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

We value our Structured Products investments using the Market Yield valuation methodology. We estimate fair value based on third-party broker quotes and our cash flow forecasts subject to our assumptions a market participant would use regarding the investments’ underlying collateral including, but not limited to, assumptions of default and recovery rates, reinvestment spreads and prepayment rates. Cash flow forecasts are discounted using a market participant’s market yield assumptions that are derived from multiple sources including, but not limited to, third-party broker quotes, recent investments and securities and indices with similar structure and risk characteristics. We weight the use of third-party broker quotes in determining fair value based on our understanding of the level of actual transactions used by the broker to develop the quote and whether the quote was an indicative price or binding offer. We considered that the current market for our Structured Products investments would be considered an inactive market and that the information used by the third-party brokers to develop the quotes were generally not based on actual transactions. We attempted to obtain multiple third-party broker quotes for all of Structured Products investments. We were generally able to receive third-party broker quotes for a significant majority of our Structured Products investments; however we generally received a limited number of third-party broker quotes per investment. The third-party broker quotes that we were able to obtain were provided as a source of indicative prices and were not binding offers. We evaluated the reasonableness of the broker quotes based on our knowledge of recent secondary offerings of similar securities reviewed by us, and to the extent possible, based on our knowledge of actual trades of similar securities. The reliance on broker quotes in determining the fair value of our Structured Products investments is specific to the facts and circumstances of each individual investment, but generally we weighted the use of broker quotes in determining the fair value of our Structured Products investments between 10% and 25%. The $606 million of net unrealized depreciation during the year ended December 31, 2008 and the accumulated net unrealized depreciation as of December 31, 2008 of $770 million is driven primarily by dramatic widening of the investments spreads caused by the liquidity crisis in the market. The liquidity crisis has driven investors’ expected returns higher on

 

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Structured Products investments. In general, there is not a liquid market for our non-investment grade Structured Products investments. However, there have been a few trades of securities of similar Structured Products investments in what is considered to be an illiquid distressed market during 2008, which has had the effect of decreasing the values of the overall Structured Products market. Our unrealized depreciation was driven less by actual credit quality of the underlying loan pools as the investments have generally performed as underwritten to date.

 

We expect that we will hold these Structured Products investments until settlement or maturity. Based on our December 31, 2008 assumptions of future default and recovery rates, reinvestment spreads and prepayment rates, we anticipate that we will realize upon the settlement or maturity approximately $684 million more in proceeds than the fair value as of December 31, 2008. The primary difference between the fair value as of December 31, 2008 and our anticipated proceeds at maturity is that the current market yields used to value these securities do not have an impact on our anticipated proceeds at settlement or maturity if our current assumptions of the future credit quality and cash flows prove accurate.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

We have a limited amount of investments in portfolio companies, including European Capital, for which the investment is denominated in a foreign currency, primarily the Euro. We also have other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. Fluctuations in exchange rates therefore impact our financial condition and results of operations, as reported in U.S. dollars. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the foreign currency translation adjustment recorded in our consolidated statements of operations as net unrealized depreciation was $41 million, primarily as a result of the Euro depreciating against the U.S. dollar.

 

Derivative and Option Agreements

 

During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded $119 million of net unrealized depreciation from derivative and option agreements. We recorded $70 million of net unrealized depreciation from derivative agreements, primarily interest rate swaps, and $49 million of net unrealized depreciation from a put option agreement.

 

For interest rate derivative agreements, we estimate the fair value based on the estimated net present value of the future cash flows using a forward interest rate yield curve in effect as of the end of the measurement period, adjusted for nonperformance risk, if any, including an evaluation of our credit risk and our counterparty’s credit risk. A negative fair value would represent an amount we would have to pay a third-party and a positive fair value would represent an amount we would receive from a third-party to assume our obligation under an interest rate derivative agreement. They generally appreciate or depreciate primarily based on relative market interest rates and their remaining term to maturity. The change in fair value is recorded as unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of derivative agreements. The decrease in the fair value of our interest rate derivative agreements during the year ended December 31, 2008 is primarily due to a decrease in the forward interest rate yield curve as a result of the decline in LIBOR.

 

We are party to a put option agreement with European Capital under which European Capital can put some or all of certain investments to us at a predetermined put price of €332 million (approximately $467 million as of December 31, 2008). Under the terms of the agreement, the put option may be exercised at any time commencing on January 1, 2010 and expiring on December 31, 2010. If, prior to January 1, 2010, the investments are sold to a third party for less than the predetermined put price, we are required to pay European Capital an amount equal to the difference between the predetermined put price and the amount received on the sale. In consideration for entering into the put option, European Capital paid us a premium of €16 million ($20 million) which is included on our consolidated balance sheet as a liability. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded net unrealized depreciation of $49 million on the put option agreement primarily due to a decrease in fair value of the portfolio investments of European Capital subject to the put option agreement.

 

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Fair Value Compared to Realizable Value

 

We invest primarily in Level 3 assets, generally with the intention to hold the assets to settlement or maturity. We anticipate holding the debt investments in our private finance portfolio until maturity or until they are repaid through a change of control of the portfolio company; however we cannot estimate either the future sale date or the time period before the debt investments may be prepaid before their maturity date. We also intend to hold our Structured Products investments until maturity, which could be in excess of ten years. The current lack of liquidity in the financial markets has caused investment spreads between the cost of funds and investment income to widen dramatically on our investments, which in most cases results in current fair values for many Level 3 assets that are materially lower than the values we anticipate realizing on settlement or maturity (“Realizable Value”). This is especially true regarding fair value estimates on investments with longer expected settlement or maturity dates. The current market yields used to value these investments should not have an impact on the amount of proceeds we would expect to receive upon settlement or maturity.

 

For example, as of December 31, 2008, we held an investment in a commercial real estate collateralized debt obligation (ACAS CRE CDO) that has been depreciated $201 million inception to date, including $152 million during the year ended December 31, 2008. This investment is currently producing approximately $5 million per quarter of cash flow, but its fair value determined in accordance with GAAP is $18 million as of December 31, 2008; however, we anticipate realizing $141 million of our investment on settlement or maturity based on our assumptions as of December 31, 2008 of future credit losses, which includes the recession, over the life of the investment. Further, our Structured Products produced a total of $31 million of cash flow for the current quarter, but the total fair value determined in accordance with GAAP is $186 million as of December 31, 2008. Accordingly, the current fair value of our Structured Products determined in accordance with GAAP is approximately 1.5 times the annualized current quarterly cash flow. We believe the valuations of investments such as these are significantly impacted by both the lack of demand for such products and the lack of liquidity in the current market to finance the acquisition of these investments, thereby decreasing leveraged returns and prices that market participants are willing to pay for these securities. As such, there are material differences between the current GAAP fair value of several classes of our Level 3 assets compared to the value we anticipate we will realize on settlement or maturity if our current assumptions of future credit quality and cash flows are accurate.

 

We noted that in March 2008, the staff of the SEC’s Division of Corporation Finance published a letter that it had sent to a number of public companies regarding the disclosures in their periodic reports of the impact of SFAS No. 157. In the letter, companies are asked to consider disclosing for Level 3 assets “… whether you believe the fair values diverge materially from the amounts you currently anticipate realizing on settlement or maturity. If so, disclose why and provide the basis for your views.” Because we believe many of these GAAP fair values diverge materially from the Realizable Value, we are providing pro forma information on the Realizable Value of our assets in comparison to the fair value determined under GAAP.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we expect that our Realizable Value will exceed our fair value determined in accordance with GAAP as of December 31, 2008 by approximately $1,068 million.

 

As of December 31, 2008, 99% of our portfolio investments are valued using Level 3 inputs. The following table summarizes the current GAAP cost basis and fair value of our investments as of December 31, 2008 compared to the Realizable Value (in millions):

 

Asset Class

   GAAP Cost Basis     GAAP Fair Value     Realizable
Value(1)
    Difference Between
Realizable Value and
GAAP Fair Value
 

Private finance

   $ 8,285     $ 6,474     $ 6,921     $ 447  

Managed funds

     1,381       583       583       —    

Structured products

     956       186       870       684  

American Capital, LLC

     69       175       175       —    

Derivatives and option agreements, net

     (20 )     (213 )     (276 )     (63 )
                                

Total

   $ 10,671     $ 7,205     $ 8,273     $ 1,068  
                                

 

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(1) Use of Non-GAAP Information—Realizable Value is a non-GAAP financial measure which management uses in its internal analysis of results, and believes may be informative to investors gauging the quality of our assets and financial performance from a long-term perspective, identifying trends in our results and providing meaningful period-to-period comparisons. Realizable Value is defined as the future value that American Capital anticipates realizing on the settlement or maturity of its investments. As of the measurement date, it does not represent current GAAP fair value or net present value and is based on assumptions as of the measurement date. Accordingly, changes to expectations of future cash flows as a result of events subsequent to the measurement date are not reflected in the Realizable Value as of the measurement date. American Capital believes that this non-GAAP financial measure provides information useful to investors because American Capital generally intends to hold its assets to settlement or maturity, and there may be material differences between the GAAP fair values of its investments and the amounts American Capital expects to realize on settlement or maturity. This is primarily because the current lack of liquidity in the financial markets has caused investment spreads between the cost of funds and investment income to widen significantly on investments, resulting in current fair values under SFAS No. 157 that are materially lower than what American Capital currently anticipates realizing on settlement or maturity. American Capital believes that providing investors with Realizable Value in addition to the related GAAP fair value gives investors greater transparency to the information used by management in its financial operational decision-making. Although American Capital believes that this non-GAAP financial measure enhances investors’ understanding of its business and performance, Realizable Value should not be considered as an alternative to GAAP basis financial measures. A reconciliation of non-GAAP Realizable Value to GAAP fair value is set forth above.

 

Return on Shareholders’ Equity

 

The following table summarizes our returns on shareholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 

     2008     2007  

Net operating income return on average equity at cost

   7.5 %   11.3 %

Realized earnings return on average equity at cost

   8.0 %   15.3 %

(Loss) earnings return on average equity

   (60.0 )%   12.2 %

 

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Fiscal Year 2007 Compared to Fiscal Year 2006

 

Operating Income

 

The following is a summary of our operating income by segment for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 (in millions):

 

     2007    2006
     Investing    Asset
Management
and Advisory
   Consolidated    Investing    Asset
Management
and Advisory
   Consolidated

Interest and dividend income

   $ 958    $ 41    $ 999    $ 667    $ 2    $ 669

Fee and other income

     22      219      241      22      169      191
                                         

Total operating income

   $ 980    $ 260    $ 1,240    $ 689    $ 171    $ 860
                                         

 

Investing Segment

 

Operating income from our Investing segment consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 (in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Interest income on debt securities

   $ 735    $ 531

Dividend income on equity securities

     213      129

Interest income on bank deposits

     10      7
             

Interest and dividend income

     958      667
             

Prepayment fees

     15      10

Other fees

     7      12
             

Fee and other income

     22      22
             

Total operating income

   $ 980    $ 689
             

 

Interest income on debt securities increased by $204 million, or 38%, to $735 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $531 million for 2006, primarily due to an increase in our debt investments of 46%, which was partially offset by a decline in the monthly weighted average effective interest rate on our debt investments. Dividend income on equity securities increased by $84 million, or 65%, to $213 million for 2007 from $129 million for 2006, primarily due to an increase in our equity investments of 58%.

 

The following table summarizes selected data for our debt and equity investments, at cost, for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 (dollars in millions):

 

     2007     2006  

Effective interest rate on debt investments(1)(2)

     12.0 %     12.2 %

Average debt investments(1)(2)

   $  6,146     $ 4,367  

Average monthly one-month LIBOR

     5.2 %     5.1 %

Non-accrual loans at face as of period end

   $ 338     $ 183  

Non-accrual loans at fair value as of period end

   $ 122     $ 54  

Effective yield on equity investments(1)(3)

     6.2 %     6.1 %

Average equity investments(1)(3)

   $ 3,422     $ 2,121  

Effective yield on debt and equity investments(1)(3)

     9.9 %     10.2 %

Average debt and equity investments(1)(3)

   $ 9,568     $ 6,488  

 

(1) Monthly weighted average.

 

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(2) Includes CMBS.
(3) Excludes our equity investments in alternative asset fund management portfolio companies.

 

The monthly weighted average effective interest rate on debt investments decreased 20 basis points to 12.0% for the year ended December 31, 2007 from 12.2% for the year ended December 31, 2006. This is primarily due to an (i) increase in our investment in lower yielding CMBS securities, (ii) an increase in lower yielding senior loans as a percentage of our total loan portfolio, (iii) a contraction of the spreads over LIBOR for our new loan originations in 2007 due to increased competition in the marketplace, and (iv) and an increase in our loans on non-accrual.

 

The monthly weighted average effective yield on equity investments increased 10 basis points to 6.2% for the year ended December 31, 2007, from 6.1% for the year ended December 31, 2006. This is primarily due to dividend income recorded on our equity investment in European Capital of $52 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to $20 million for the year ended December 31, 2006.

 

Asset Management/Advisory Segment

 

Operating income from our Asset Management/Advisory segment consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 (in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Dividend income from alternative asset fund management portfolio companies

   $ 41    $ 2
             

Dividend income

     41      2
             

Loan financing fees

     55      24

Equity financing fees

     51      29

Transaction structuring fees

     36      38

Fund asset management fees and reimbursements

     34      43

Portfolio company advisory and administrative fees

     27      24

Other

     16      11
             

Fee and other income

     219      169
             

Total operating income

   $ 260    $ 171
             

 

Each quarter, our wholly-owned alternative asset fund management portfolio companies declare a dividend of their quarterly net operating income to us. During the second quarter of 2007, all of our wholly-owned alternative asset fund management portfolio companies, including ECFS, were transferred to American Capital, LLC. The net operating income of American Capital, LLC is comprised of the base management fees, profit sharing (called carried interest or incentive fee) and transaction fees it earns less the operating expenses it incurs for providing fund management services. For the year ended December 31, 2007, our wholly-owned alternative asset fund management portfolio companies declared a dividend of $41 million to us based on the following financial results (in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Revenues

     

Management fees

   $ 62    $ 17

Incentive fees

     7      —  

Transaction fees

     23      —  

Other

     3      —  
             

Total revenues

     95      17
             

Operating expenses

     54      15
             

Net operating income

   $ 41    $ 2
             

 

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Prior to the second quarter of 2007, ECFS was a consolidated operating subsidiary that earned alternative asset management fees and expense reimbursement revenues. Prior to its deconsolidation in the second quarter of 2007, the 2007 alternative asset management fees and reimbursements revenue earned by ECFS were $5 million and $10 million, respectively, for a total of $15 million. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the alternative asset management fees and reimbursement revenues earned by ECFS were $13 million and $28 million, respectively, for a total of $41 million. The additional alternative asset management fees and reimbursements revenue in 2007 and 2006 of $19 million and $2 million, respectively, represent fees for providing advisory and administrative services to our alternative asset fund management portfolio companies, primarily American Capital, LLC.

 

Loan financing fees for the year ended December 31, 2007 increased $31 million, or 129% over the comparable period in 2006. The increase in loan financing fees for the year ended December 31, 2007 was attributable to an increase in new debt investments of $1,673 million, or 47%, over the comparable period in 2006. The loan financing fees were 1.1% and 0.7% of loan originations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Loan fees received that are representative of additional yield are recorded as OID and accreted into interest income using the effective interest method.

 

Equity financing fees for the year ended December 31, 2007 increased $22 million or 76% over the comparable period in 2006. The increase in equity financing fees was attributable to an increase in new equity investments of $615 million, or 59%, for the year ended December 31, 2007 over the comparable period in 2006. Equity financing fees were 3.1% and 2.8% of equity financing in the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

Operating Expenses

 

Operating expenses increased $216 million, or 51%, for the year ended December 31, 2007 over the comparable period in 2006. Our operating leverage was 1.9% and 1.7% for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Operating leverage is our operating expenses plus those of ECFS post-reconsolidation through December 31, 2007, excluding stock-based compensation and interest expense, divided by our total assets under management at period end.

 

Interest Expense

 

Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 increased $97 million, or 51%, over the comparable period in 2006. The increase in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 was due to a 51% increase in our weighted average borrowings from $3,021 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 to $4,572 million in the comparable period in 2007. The weighted average interest rate on all of our borrowings for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was 6.3%.

 

Salaries, Benefits and Stock-based Compensation

 

Salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 (in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Base salaries

   $ 92    $ 62

Incentive compensation

     73      47

Benefits

     17      13

Stock-based compensation

     72      39
             

Total salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation

   $ 254    $ 161
             

 

The increase in salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation is due to (i) an increase in employees, (ii) annual salary rate increases, and (iii) additional stock-based compensation primarily from our incentive bonus

 

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plan. Our number of employees increased 35% from 430 at December 31, 2006 to 580 at December 31, 2007. The increase in the number of employees is due to our growth; we added investment professionals and administrative staff as we continued to build our investment platform and our alternative asset management business in 2007, including the opening of new offices and expansion of existing offices.

 

In 2006, we established an incentive bonus plan, which is a non-qualified deferred compensation plan for the purpose of granting bonus awards to our employees. A trust having segregated accounts for each employee was established as required by the plan. Cash bonus awards under the plan are determined by our Compensation Committee and are contributed to the trust. The trust invests the cash bonus awards in our common stock by purchasing shares of our common stock on the open market. The awards under the plan are accounted for as a grant of unvested stock. We record stock-based compensation expense based on the cash bonus award invested in our stock. The compensation cost for awards with service conditions is recognized using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period. The compensation cost for awards with performance and service conditions is recognized using the accelerated attribution method over the requisite service period. During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we recorded $46 million and $19 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation related to the incentive bonus plan.

 

We also have stock option plans, which provide for the granting of options to employees and non-employee directors to purchase shares of our common stock at a price of not less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we recorded $25 million and $16 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation related to stock options. In addition to an increase in employees during 2007, the $9 million increase in stock-based compensation expense during 2007 was attributable to $3 million of additional stock-based compensation expense associated with a tender offer to amend certain stock options (see note 6 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K).

 

General and Administrative Expenses

 

General and administrative expenses increased $26 million, or 36%, to $99 million in the year ended December 31, 2007 from $73 million in the comparable period in 2006. The increase is primarily due to additional overhead attributable to the increase in the number of employees, the opening of new offices and expansion of existing offices, higher employee recruiting costs and rent expense, as well as higher legal and board of director fees.

 

Provision for Income Taxes

 

As a RIC, we are subject to a nondeductible federal excise tax of 4% if we do not distribute at least 98% of our ordinary income, excluding net short-term capital gains, in any calendar year and 98% of our capital gains for each one-year period ending October 31, including any undistributed income from the prior excise tax year. For the calendar years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the one-year periods ending October 31, 2007 and 2006, we did not distribute at least 98% of our ordinary income and capital gains and paid the 4% excise tax. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we accrued $7 million and $4 million, respectively, of excise tax attributable to undistributed ordinary income, which is included in our provision for income taxes on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we accrued $6 million and $2 million, respectively, of excise tax attributable to undistributed capital gains, which is included in taxes on net realized gain on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 

Our consolidated operating subsidiary is subject to corporate level Federal, state and local income tax. For 2007, we accrued a tax benefit of $1 million compared to a tax provision of $7 million in 2006.

 

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Net Realized Gains (Losses) on Investments

 

Our net realized gain (loss) on investments for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 consisted of the following individual portfolio company realized gain (loss) greater than $15 million (in millions):

 

     2007     2006  

Sale to American Capital Equity II, LP

   $ 78     $ —    

Ranpak Acquisition Company

     64       —    

Evans Analytical Group, LLC

     50       —    

ACSAB, LLC

     45       —    

SAV Holdings, Inc.

     43       —    

The Hygenic Corporation

     22       —    

Sale to American Capital Equity I, LLC

     —         59  

KAC Holdings, Inc.

     1       47  

WWC Acquisitions, Inc.

     1       38  

Iowa Mold Tooling Co., Inc.

     1       36  

3SI Acquisition Holdings, Inc.

     1       27  

ASC Industries, Inc.

     —         25  

Jones Stephens Corp.

     1       25  

Bankruptcy Management Solutions, Inc.

     —         22  

Network for Medical Communication & Research, LLC

     —         22  

Other

     56       55  
                

Total gross realized portfolio gains

     363       356  
                

Stravina Holdings, Inc.

     (45 )     (19 )

New Starcom Holdings, Inc.

     (43 )     —    

Sale of 22 CMBS Investments

     (22 )     —    

Logex Corporation

     (21 )     (7 )

Flexi-Mat Holdings, Inc.

     (5 )     (31 )

Weber Nickel Technologies, Ltd.

     —         (29 )

Other

     (29 )     (95 )
                

Total gross realized portfolio losses

     (165 )     (181 )
                

Total net realized portfolio gains

     198       175  

Interest rate derivative periodic receipts, net

     10       6  

Interest rate derivative termination receipts, net

     7       9  

Foreign currency translation

     5       —    

Taxes on net realized gains

     (6 )     (17 )
                

Total net realized gains

   $ 214     $ 173  
                

 

See “Fiscal Year 2008 Compared to Fiscal Year 2007” for discussion on the net realized gains (losses) for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

During 2006, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement with ACE I for the sale of approximately 30% of our equity investments (other than warrants issued with debt investments) in 96 portfolio companies. ACE I is a private equity fund with $1 billion of equity commitments from third-party investors. The aggregate purchase price was $671 million. American Capital, LLC manages ACE I in exchange for a 2% annual management fee on the net cost basis of ACE I and a 10% to 30% carried interest in the net profits of ACE I, subject to certain hurdles. We recorded a total net realized gain of $59 million upon the sale of the $671 million of investments. In accordance with SFAS No. 140, we included in our sale proceeds the fair value of the management agreement associated with the $671 million of investments sold. The fair value of this portion of the contract was determined to be $16 million and was treated as being contributed to American Capital, LLC increasing our cost

 

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basis in our investment in American Capital, LLC. As a result, our $59 million of net realized gain on the transaction includes $16 million of a realized gain for the value of a portion of the management agreement received as sale proceeds.

 

During 2006, we received full repayment of our remaining $23 million subordinated debt investment in KAC Holdings, Inc. and sold all of our common and preferred equity investment for $65 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $47 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $49 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds of $5 million.

 

During 2006, we received full repayment of our $33 million senior and subordinated debt investment in WWC Acquisitions, Inc. and sold all of our common equity investment for $51 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $38 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $42 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds of $2 million. We provided the purchasers with $96 million of new senior debt financing at market terms.

 

During 2006, we received full repayment of our remaining $16 million subordinated debt investment in Iowa Mold Tooling Co., Inc. and sold all of our common and preferred equity for $78 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $36 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $21 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds of $5 million.

 

During 2006, we received full repayment of our remaining $40 million subordinated debt investment in 3SI Acquisition Holdings, Inc. and sold all of our common equity for $53 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $27 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $28 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds of $4 million.

 

During 2006, we received full repayment of our $21 million subordinated debt investment in ASC Industries, Inc. and sold all of our equity investments for $35 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $25 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $19 million.

 

During 2006, we received full repayment of our $23 million subordinated debt investment in Jones Stephens Corp. and sold all of our common and preferred equity for $38 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $25 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $31 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds of $5 million. We provided $22 million of subordinated debt financing to the purchasers of Jones Stephens.

 

During 2006, we received full repayment of our remaining $47 million senior and subordinated debt investments in Bankruptcy Management Solutions, Inc. and sold all of our common equity for $21 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $22 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $21 million.

 

During 2006, we received full repayment of our remaining $10 million subordinated debt investment in Network for Medical Communication & Research, LLC and sold all of our common equity warrants for $22 million in proceeds realizing a total gain of $22 million offset by a reversal of unrealized appreciation of $23 million. The gain that we recognized included escrowed proceeds of $1 million.

 

During 2006, we surrendered all of our equity securities and a portion of our debt securities in Flexi-Mat Holdings, Inc. (“Flexi-Mat”) that we believe did not have any fair value on the date of transfer. We recorded a realized loss of $31 million offset by a reversal of unrealized depreciation of $20 million. We continued to own a senior debt investment in Flex-Mat. During 2007, we determined that our remaining senior debt investment in Flexi-Mat was worthless and wrote off our remaining investment realizing a loss of $5 million.

 

During 2006, Weber Nickel Technologies, Ltd. (“Weber”) filed for bankruptcy protection in Canada under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act. Although we were pursuing our claims, we did not expect to receive any proceeds from our subordinated debt or equity investment in Weber. We deemed our investments to be worthless and recognized a realized loss of $29 million fully offset by a reversal of unrealized depreciation.

 

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For the tax year ended September 30, 2006, we had net long-term capital gains of $43 million. We elected to retain such capital gains and pay a federal tax on behalf of our shareholders of $15 million, which is included in our net realized gains. In addition, for the one-year periods ending on October 31, 2007 and 2006, we did not distribute at least 98% of our taxable net capital gains. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we accrued $6 million and $2 million, respectively, of excise tax distributable to undistributed capital gains, which is included in net realized gains.

 

We record the accrual of the periodic interest settlements of interest rate swaps in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments and subsequently record the amount as a realized gain (loss) on investments on the interest settlement date. Cash payments received or paid for the termination of an interest rate derivative agreement is recorded as a realized gain or loss upon termination. We recorded a net realized gain of $10 million and $6 million, during 2007 and 2006, respectively, for the periodic interest settlements of interest rate swaps. The favorable periodic interest settlements in 2007 as compared to the prior year are due primarily to the increase in the average LIBOR in 2007 as compared to 2006. In 2007 and 2006, we also terminated interest rate derivative agreements prior to their maturity resulting in a net cash settlement and net realized gain to us of $7 million and $9 million, respectively.

 

Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) of Investments

 

The following table itemizes the change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 (dollars in millions):

 

     2007     2006  

Gross unrealized appreciation of private finance portfolio investments

   $ 642     $ 696  

Gross unrealized depreciation of private finance portfolio investments

     (523 )     (377 )
                

Net unrealized appreciation of private finance portfolio investments

     119       319  

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of managed funds(1)

     (281 )     63  

Net unrealized appreciation of American Capital, LLC(1)(2)

     406       20  

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of Structured Products

     (203 )     2  

Reversal of prior period net unrealized appreciation upon a realization

     (167 )     (128 )
                

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of portfolio investments

     (126 )     276  

Foreign currency translation

     98       32  

Derivative agreements

     (80 )     (11 )
                

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of investments

   $ (108 )   $ 297  
                

 

(1) Excludes foreign currency translation.
(2) Amounts include appreciation of subsidiaries of American Capital, LLC

 

Managed Funds

 

As of December 31, 2007, we had a 67% controlling majority-owned interest in European Capital, a company publicly traded on the London Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “ECAS”. The depreciation of our investment of European Capital of $281 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 was driven by the decline in the market quote of European Capital from its IPO price of €9.84 per share to a closing market quote of €6.975 per share as of December 31, 2007. As outlined in our accounting policy for determining fair value for securities of companies that are publicly traded for which we have a majority-owned interest, the value is based on the closing market quote on the valuation date plus a control premium if our Board of Directors determines in good faith that additional value above the closing market quote would be obtainable upon transfer of control. As of December 31, 2007, the fair value of our controlling majority-owned interest in European Capital was determined to be €7.88 per share which was based on the closing market quote plus a control premium of 13%. Including the impact of foreign currency translation, our investment in European Capital was valued at $839

 

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million as of December 31, 2007. If we were not to apply a control premium to the closing market quote, our investment in European Capital would have been valued at $742 million as of December 31, 2007. A control premium was applied to the closing market quote as it was determined in good faith by our Board of Directors that additional value above the closing market quote would be obtainable upon transfer of control of European Capital. The purchaser of the majority-owned controlling interest in European Capital has the ability to realize the net asset value and take advantage of synergies and other benefits that flow from control over European Capital, including access to its related portfolio companies.

 

American Capital, LLC

 

As discussed in Note 18 to our accompanying consolidated financial statements, ECFS, a wholly-owned operating subsidiary, was deconsolidated prospectively during the second quarter of 2007. In addition, during the second quarter of 2007, we formed a parent holding company, American Capital, LLC, to hold all of our wholly-owned third-party alternative asset fund managers and transferred the ownership of ECFS and our other two wholly-owned third-party alternative asset fund managers that were portfolio company investments, ACEM and ACAM, to American Capital, LLC. American Capital, LLC is accounted for as a portfolio company investment and carried at a fair value of $477 million on our balance sheet at December 31, 2007. During 2007, we recognized $406 million of net unrealized appreciation on our investment in American Capital, LLC, which was primarily driven by the appreciation associated with ECFS accounted for at fair value for the first time in the second quarter upon deconsolidation. The appreciation associated with ECFS recorded in the second quarter of 2007 was developed over the period since its inception in the fourth quarter of 2005.

 

Structured Products

 

During the year ended December 31, 2007, we recorded net unrealized depreciation of $203 million on our structured product investments. The unrealized depreciation was driven primarily by decreased pricing in the market due to widening spreads on these types of structured finance investments, particularly in the second half of 2007. The depreciation was not driven by credit quality of the underlying loan pools as the investments were performing as originally underwritten as of December 31, 2007.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

We have a limited amount of investments in portfolio companies, including European Capital, for which the investment is denominated in a foreign currency, primarily the Euro. We also have other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. Fluctuations in exchange rates therefore impact our financial condition and results of operations, as reported in U.S. dollars. During 2007, the foreign currency translation adjustment recorded in our consolidated statements of operations as unrealized appreciation was $98 million, primarily as a result of the Euro appreciating against the U.S. dollar.

 

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Derivative Agreements

 

The fair value of the derivative agreements represents the estimated net present value of the future cash flows using a forward interest rate yield curve in effect at the end of the period. A negative fair value would represent an amount we would have to pay the other party and a positive fair value would represent an amount we would receive from the other party to terminate the agreement. They appreciate or depreciate based on relative market interest rates and their remaining term to maturity. The change in fair value is recorded as unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of derivative agreements. The decrease in the fair value of our derivative agreements in the year ended December 31, 2007 is primarily due to a decrease in the forward interest rate yield curve during the year.

 

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

The crisis in the global credit markets during the past year has adversely affected all industry sectors. We believe that the market disruption may continue to adversely affect financial services companies with respect to the valuation of their investment portfolios, tighter lending standards and reduced access to capital. The U.S. and global economies have entered into a recession. The recession may lead to a further decline in earnings and/or decline in valuation multiples for our portfolio companies. Also, the liquidity crisis could further widen the investment spreads on Structured Products and certain of our private finance portfolio investments causing a further decrease in the fair value of these investments. Although we cannot predict future market conditions, we believe that our continuing ability to generate operating cash flows and sell existing portfolio investments will provide us with adequate liquidity to execute our current business strategy including the payment of our debt service and the minimum amount of dividends to maintain our qualification as a RIC. Additionally, our 2009 business plan has been developed with certain assumptions, such as no new capital raises, the reinvestment of capital only as we experience liquidity through realizations from exits and repayments and repayment of debt with excess cash flows. However, to the extent that the capital markets improve, we may elect to raise new capital.

 

Our current primary sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents and our portfolio investments. As of December 31, 2008, we had $209 million in cash and cash equivalents and $71 million of restricted cash and cash equivalents. Our restricted cash and cash equivalents consists primarily of collections of interest and principal payments on assets that are securitized. In accordance with the terms of the related securitized debt agreements, those funds are generally distributed each quarter to pay interest and principal on the securitized debt and are not available for our general operations. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we principally funded our operations, including our investing activities, from (i) cash receipts from interest, dividend and fee income from our investment portfolio, (ii) repayments of loan investments, the sale of equity investments and syndications of senior loans, and (iii) proceeds from the issuance of common stock from equity offerings and forward sale agreements.

 

Operating Cash Flow

 

Historically, our investment portfolio has generated a substantial amount of current cash flow from interest, dividends and fees on our investment portfolio that allows us to service our debt. One common indicator of the ability to service debt is interest coverage. Our interest coverage is defined as our EBITDA divided by our cash interest expense. In calculating EBITDA, we exclude our net realized gains and losses and our net unrealized depreciation and appreciation of our portfolio investments, except the accrual or payments and receipts of periodic interest settlements on our interest rate derivative agreements included in our net realized gains and losses and net unrealized depreciation and appreciation. Our cash interest expense is our interest expense excluding the amortization of deferred financing costs and debt premiums and discounts. During the year ended December 31, 2008, our interest coverage was 3.6x. EBITDA and interest coverage are non-GAAP financial measures within the meaning of the SEC. Management believes EBITDA and interest coverage provide useful information to investors regarding our results of operations because it helps investors evaluate the ongoing operating performance of our investment portfolio and our ability to service our debt. The following is a

 

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reconciliation of our net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations to EBITDA and our interest expense to our cash interest expense for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 (in millions):

 

     2008     2007     2006  

Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations

   $ (3,115 )   $ 700     $ 896  

Interest expense

     220       287       190  

Provision for income taxes

     37       6       11  

Depreciation of property and equipment

     18       8       4  

Net unrealized depreciation (appreciation) of investments

     3,640       108       (297 )

Net realized gain on investments

     (32 )     (214 )     (173 )

Interest rate derivative periodic interest accrual

     (5 )     (2 )     —    

Interest rate derivative periodic interest (payments) receipts, net

     (31 )     10       6  
                        

EBITDA

   $ 732     $ 903     $ 637  
                        

Interest expense

   $ 220     $ 287     $ 190  

Amortization of deferred financing costs, premiums and discounts

     (14 )     (8 )     (8 )
                        

Cash interest expense

   $ 206     $ 279     $ 182  
                        

Interest coverage

     3.6x       3.2x       3.5x  
                        

 

One of our other sources of liquidity is our investment portfolio. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we had cash from operating and investing activities totaling $654 million. Included in our cash from investing activities were cash proceeds from the realization of portfolio investments totaling $2,176 million. As of December 31, 2008, we had portfolio investments totaling $7.4 billion at fair value, including $5.1 billion in debt investments, $2.1 billion in equity investments and $0.2 billion in Structured Products. Our investments are generally in privately-held, illiquid investments and an active primary or secondary market for the trading of these investments generally does not exist. We are generally repaid our investments upon a change of control event of the portfolio company such as sale or recapitalization of the portfolio company. We currently have various portfolio companies in various stages of the sale process; however, the global liquidity crisis may continue to impact the ability to realize proceeds from our investments in the near future.

 

Debt Capital

 

Our debt obligations consisted of the following as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):

 

     2008    2007

Secured revolving credit facility, $500 million and $1,300 million commitment, respectively

   $ —      $ 116

Unsecured revolving credit facility, $1,409 million and $1,565 million commitment, respectively

     1,389      1,350

Unsecured debt due September 2009

     82      82

Unsecured debt due August 2010

     126      126

Unsecured debt due February 2011

     24      27

Unsecured debt due September 2011

     85      85

Unsecured debt due October 2012

     548      547

Unsecured debt due October 2020

     75      75

ACAS Business Loan Trust 2004-1 asset securitization

     201      320

ACAS Business Loan Trust 2005-1 asset securitization

     798      830

ACAS Business Loan Trust 2006-1 asset securitization

     427      436

ACAS Business Loan Trust 2007-1 asset securitization

     381      492

ACAS Business Loan Trust 2007-2 asset securitization

     292      338
             

Total

   $ 4,428    $ 4,824
             

 

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The daily weighted average debt balance for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $4,508 million and $4,572 million, respectively. The weighted average interest rate on all of our borrowings, including amortization of deferred financing costs, for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was 4.9% and 6.3%, respectively.

 

Our independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, has concluded that substantial doubt exists about our ability to continue as a going concern, and has included an explanatory paragraph to describe this uncertainty in its audit report on our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008 included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We incurred a net loss of $3.1 billion and recognized $3.5 billion of net unrealized depreciation on our portfolio investments for the year ended December 31, 2008 and our shareholders’ equity has decreased from $6.4 billion as of December 31, 2007 to $3.2 billion as of December 31, 2008. While there were declines in the performance of our portfolio investments during 2008, a significant portion of the depreciation that we have reported to date is not the result of credit impairment of our underlying assets, but rather of an unprecedented widening of investment spreads caused by distressed selling in trading markets for assets deemed to be comparable to our assets, declines in purchase multiples of middle market acquisition transactions during 2008 and application of market yield analysis to assets that were acquired with the intent of holding them to settlement or maturity as opposed to trading them. However, as a result of such unrealized depreciation, we are currently in breach of certain financial covenants under our revolving credit facilities and unsecured debt borrowing arrangements, which had an aggregate $2.3 billion outstanding (out of $4.4 billion of total debt) as of December 31, 2008.

 

As a BDC, we are generally prohibited under the 1940 Act from issuing any senior security representing indebtedness if immediately after such issuance we do not have an asset coverage ratio of at least 200%, which is calculated as the amount of our total assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by senior securities representing indebtedness. Due to the significant net unrealized depreciation and resulting decrease in our shareholders’ equity during 2008, we are currently below the 200% asset coverage ratio required to issue additional debt. Also, we are in breach of the minimum consolidated tangible net worth, portfolio charge-off and other asset coverage covenants in certain of our borrowing arrangements. As a result, the lenders and note holders under such borrowing arrangements could discontinue lending and/or declare all borrowings outstanding to be immediately due and payable after any applicable notice and/or cure periods. If any of these events occur, there is no assurance that we will have sufficient funds available to pay in full the total amount of obligations that would become due as a result of any such debt acceleration, or that we will be able to obtain additional or alternative financing to pay or refinance any such accelerated obligations.

 

Management believes that we have adequate liquidity to continue to fund our operations and the interest payments on our borrowing arrangements in the absence of an acceleration of the maturity of such debt. We have also undertaken or expect to commence the following efforts:

 

   

We have entered into discussions with the lenders under our unsecured revolving credit facility and our private unsecured note holders, and plan to enter into discussions with our public note holders, regarding a restructuring of the borrowing arrangements;

 

   

We expect to minimize our cash dividend distributions while maintaining our RIC status;

 

   

We reduced headcount by 32% and offices by 29% in 2008;

 

   

We reduced bonuses by 93% in 2008;

 

   

We generated $2.2 billion of principal payments, prepayments and exits in 2008;

 

   

We reduced debt by over $900 million, or 18%, since the second quarter of 2007;

 

   

We repaid all of our borrowings outstanding under our secured credit facility in the past year; and

 

   

We have and continue to sell assets in the ordinary course of business in order to delever our balance sheet.

 

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We also believe that we can carry out our plans and continue as a going concern, in part because our assets exceed our liabilities by $3.2 billion based on fair value as determined by GAAP, or $15.41 NAV per share. Furthermore, we believe that we can continue to generate net operating income from our investments (over twice the amount of our interest payments in 2008) that exceeds our projected interest payments. Along with the fact that our assets exceed our liabilities by $3.2 billion, and by $4.2 billion when determined using our Realizable Value, will allow us either to successfully renegotiate the borrowing arrangements with our lenders and note holders or to reorganize under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, significantly mitigating the risk of a forced liquidation. Finally, apart from our securitized loans which are non-recourse, none of our lenders currently have collateral security. Unsecured creditors generally have fewer rights than secured creditors in a bankruptcy proceeding. However, if we successfully renegotiate or amend our unsecured revolving credit facility and unsecured borrowing arrangements, we may have to provide a security interest to those lenders or note holders.

 

No assurance can be given that we will be successful in restructuring these borrowing arrangements on acceptable terms, if any, or amend such financial covenants in a manner sufficient to adequately reduce the risk of default in the near future. Should our lenders and/or other counterparties demand immediate repayment of all of our obligations, we will likely be unable to pay such obligations. In such event, we may have to recapitalize, refinance our obligations, sell some or all of our assets or seek to reorganize under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code.

 

In addition, pursuant to the terms of our unsecured revolving credit facility, during an event of default, the interest rate on our borrowings outstanding under the facility could increase by 2.00% at our lenders’ option. After all events of default under a credit facility have been cured or waived, the default rate for the facility is no longer applicable. Pursuant to the terms of our unsecured private notes, during an event of default, the note holders can declare that all amounts outstanding are immediately due and payable. Any overdue amount would accrue interest at a default rate equal to the greater of 2.00% above the stated rate, or if applicable, the prime rate. The note holders can rescind any acceleration if all late payments are made, all events of default are cured or waived and no judgment has been entered for the payment of money due under the notes. Pursuant to the terms of our public unsecured bonds, during an event of default, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding bonds may declare the principal and accrued interest to be due and payable immediately. Under certain circumstances, any such acceleration of the maturity of the bonds may be rescinded by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding bonds.

 

In the fourth quarter of 2008, Moody’s Investor Services downgraded us from a Baa2 rating to Baa3 rating. In the first quarter of 2009, both Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and Fitch Ratings downgraded us from a BBB rating to a BBB- rating. The decrease in the credit ratings in the first quarter of 2009 did not cause a covenant violation, but the interest rate on our borrowings under certain of our facilities will increase based on pre-determined thresholds as discussed below.

 

Secured Revolving Credit Facility

 

In September 2008, we amended our secured revolving credit facility, administered by Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC, to extend it for an additional year to September 2009. In connection with the renewal, we reduced the facility commitment size from $1,300 million to $500 million. As amended, our ability to make draws under the facility expires as of September 7, 2009, unless extended. If the facility is not extended before the termination date, any principal amounts then outstanding will be due and payable at that time. Interest on borrowings under this facility is paid monthly and is generally charged at one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 2.50%, an increase over the previous spread of 1.125%. In addition, the unused commitment fee increased from 0.125% to 0.50% per annum. The facility contains covenants that, among other things, restrict the loans securing the facility to certain dollar amounts, concentrations in industries, certain loan grade classifications, certain security interests and interest payment terms. It also contains customary default provisions, as well as the following default provisions: a cross-default on our debt of $15 million or more, a minimum consolidated tangible net worth requirement of the greater of (a) $4.2 billion plus seventy five percent (75%) of any capital stock issued or debt

 

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conversions that occur after December 31, 2007 and (b) the minimum consolidated tangible net worth requirement set forth in our unsecured revolving credit facility, which is currently $4.5 billion plus forty percent (40%) of any capital stock issued or debt converted after October 1, 2008, loan collateral charge-off and default ratios, a default triggered by a change of control and a default triggered if our senior unsecured issuer or debt rating is downgraded below BB by any rating agency.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we were not in compliance with the minimum consolidated tangible net worth and twelve month portfolio charge-off ratio covenants for this facility. As of December 31, 2008 and February 27, 2009, we had no borrowings outstanding under the facility. We delivered a termination notice to the lenders for this facility on February 27, 2009.

 

Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility

 

In September 2008, we amended our unsecured revolving credit facility administered by an affiliate of Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC. In connection with the amendment, the commitment size of the facility was reduced from $1,565 million to $1,409 million and will be reduced further to $1,252 million on December 31, 2009. The maturity date was also amended from May 2012 to March 2011. Interest on borrowings under this facility is charged at either (i) the applicable index rate and the applicable percentage at such time based on our senior unsecured debt rating, or (ii) for borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars, the greater of the prime rate in effect on such day and the federal funds effective rate in effect on such day plus 0.50%, and for borrowings denominated in an alternative currency, the applicable base rate, in each case, plus the applicable percentage at such time based on our unsecured debt rating. As a result of the amendment, our applicable spread over the applicable index rates increased from 0.90% to 3.25% as of December 31, 2008 and the applicable spread over the applicable base rates increased from 0% to 2.25% as of December 31, 2008. To the extent that our unsecured debt rating decreases, the applicable spread over the applicable index rate and applicable base rate would both increase by 0.50% for each rating decrease to a maximum spread of 4.75% and 3.75%, respectively. We are also charged an unused commitment fee based on our corporate rating. As a result of the amendment, the applicable unused commitment fee for the facility also increased from 0.125% to 0.50% per annum as of December 31, 2008. To the extent that our unsecured debt rating decreases, the unused commitment fee would increase by 0.10% for each rating decrease to a maximum of 0.80%. In connection with the amendment, the minimum consolidated tangible net worth covenant was decreased to $4.5 billion plus forty percent (40%) of any capital stock issued or debt converted after October 1, 2008. The agreement also contains various other covenants, including maintaining an asset coverage ratio equal to or greater than 1.55 to 1.00 and an interest coverage ratio equal to or greater than 1.75 to 1.00. The agreement also contains a cross-default provision on our consolidated debt of $25 million or more and a default triggered if we fail to maintain an unsecured debt rating equal to or greater than BB by any one rating agency and a default triggered by a change of control.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we were not in compliance with the minimum consolidated tangible net worth covenant for this facility. Pursuant to the terms of the facility, the applicable spread on any borrowings outstanding under this facility could increase by 2.00% during an event of default at the election of our lenders. Once the event of default is cured or waived, the default rate is no longer applicable. We expect the lenders to formally declare an event of default.

 

Unsecured Public Debt

 

In July 2007, we completed a public offering of $550 million of senior unsecured notes for proceeds of $547 million, net of underwriters’ discounts. The notes bear interest at an initial fixed rate of 6.85% and mature in August 2012. Interest payments are due semi-annually on February 1 and August 1 and all principal is due at maturity. At the time of the issuance, the notes were rated Baa2, BBB and BBB by Moody’s Investor Services, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and Fitch Ratings, respectively. If the ratings of the notes from at least two

 

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of the rating agencies are decreased to ratings set forth in the table below, the initial interest rate of 6.85% will increase from the initial interest rate by each of the percentages for the two ratings set forth below:

 

Fitch Rating

  Interest Rate
Adjustment
    S&P Rating   Interest Rate
Adjustment
    Moody’s Rating   Interest Rate
Adjustment
 
BB+   0.25 %   BB+   0.25 %   Ba1   0.25 %
BB   0.50 %   BB   0.50 %   Ba2   0.50 %
BB-   0.75 %   BB-   0.75 %   Ba3   0.75 %
B+ or below   1.00 %   B+ or below   1.00 %   B1 or below   1.00 %

 

If at least two of the rating agencies then subsequently increase their ratings of the notes to any of the ratings set forth above, the interest rate on the notes would decrease such that the interest rate on the notes equals the initial interest rate of 6.85% plus (if applicable) each of the percentages for the ratings set forth above. Each adjustment required by any decrease or increase in the ratings set forth above is made independent of any and all other adjustments, provided that if the ratings from three rating agencies are decreased to the ratings set forth above, then only the lowest two of the three ratings will be utilized for such adjustments. In no event shall the interest rate be reduced below 6.85% or increased above 8.85%. If at least two rating agencies cease to provide ratings for the notes, any increase or decrease necessitated by a reduction or increase in the rating by the remaining rating agency shall be twice the percentages set forth above. As of December 31, 2008, at least two of the rating agencies maintained the rating at either Baa2 or BBB. The indenture contains various covenants, including a covenant that requires us to maintain an asset coverage ratio, as defined in the 1940 Act, of at least 200%. The notes may be redeemed by us in whole or in part, together with an interest premium, as stipulated in the note agreement.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we were not in compliance with the asset coverage covenant for these notes. Such noncompliance could lead to an event of default under the notes after the applicable cure period. Pursuant to the terms of the notes, during an event of default, the trustee or at least 25% of the note holders may declare the principal and accrued interest to be due and payable immediately. As of the date of this filing, an event of default has not occurred and no acceleration actions have been taken by the note holders. However, we have not obtained a waiver of the noncompliance issues from the note holders.

 

Unsecured Private Debt

 

In February 2006, we entered into a note purchase agreement to issue €14 million and £3 million of senior unsecured five-year notes to institutional investors in a private placement offering ($27 million and $24 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively). The €14 million Series 2006-A Notes have a fixed interest rate of 5.177% and the £3 million Series 2006-B Notes have a fixed interest rate of 6.565%. Each series matures in February 2011.

 

In September 2005, we entered into a note purchase agreement to issue $75 million of senior unsecured fifteen-year notes to accredited investors in a private placement offering. The unsecured notes have a fixed interest rate of 6.923% through the interest payment date in October 2015 and bear interest at the rate of LIBOR plus 2.65% thereafter and mature in October 2020.

 

In August 2005, we entered into a note purchase agreement to issue an aggregate of $126 million of unsecured five-year notes to institutional investors in a private placement offering. The unsecured notes have a fixed interest rate of 6.14% and mature in August 2010.

 

In September 2004, we sold an aggregate $167 million of unsecured five-and seven-year notes to institutional investors in a private placement offering pursuant to a note purchase agreement. The unsecured notes consist of $82 million of senior notes, Series A and $85 million of senior notes, Series B. The Series A notes have a fixed interest rate of 5.92% and mature in September 2009. The Series B notes have a fixed interest rate of 6.46% and mature in September 2011.

 

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The note purchase agreements discussed above contain various covenants, including covenants that require us to maintain an asset coverage ratio, as defined in the 1940 Act, of at least 200%, an available debt asset coverage ratio, a minimum consolidated tangible net worth and a minimum interest coverage ratio. Each note purchase agreement also contains a cross-default provision on our consolidated debt of $15 million or more and a default triggered by a change of control.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we were not in compliance with the minimum consolidated tangible net worth covenants, the available debt asset coverage covenants or the asset coverage covenants for these notes. Pursuant to the terms of the notes, during an event of default the lenders can declare that all amounts outstanding are immediately due and payable and a default rate equal to the greater of 2.00% above the stated rate or 2.00% over the prime rate is applied on all overdue amounts. The note holders can rescind any acceleration if all late payments are made, any events of default are amended, cured or waived and no judgment or decree has been entered for the payment of any monies due on the notes. We expect the note holders to formally declare an event of default.

 

Total Return Swap Facility

 

Our $300 million total return swap facility with Wachovia Bank, N.A. was terminated on December 18, 2008. The balance outstanding on the facility was paid down at the time of the termination.

 

Securitizations

 

As of December 31, 2008, we were in compliance with all of our asset securitizations.

 

In August 2007, we completed a $500 million asset securitization. In connection with the transaction, ACAS Business Loan Trust 2007-2 (“BLT 2007-2”), an indirect consolidated subsidiary, issued $300.5 million Class A notes, $37.5 million Class B notes and $162 million of Class C through Class F notes (collectively, the “2007-2 Notes”). The Class A notes and Class B notes were sold to institutional investors and all of the Class C through Class F notes were retained by us. The 2007-2 Notes are secured by loans originated or acquired by us and sold to our wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, BLT 2007-2. Through February 2008, BLT 2007-2 could have also generally used principal collections from the underlying loan pool to purchase additional loans to secure the 2007-2 Notes. After such time, principal payments on the 2007-2 Notes will generally be applied pro rata to each class of 2007-2 Notes outstanding until the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loan pool is less than $250 million or the occurrence of certain other events. Payments will then be applied sequentially to the Class A notes, the Class B notes, the Class C notes, the Class D notes, the Class E notes and the Class F notes. However, if any loan collateral in the trust becomes a defaulted loan, as defined in the indenture, all interest and principal collections that would be applied to the Class C notes are applied sequentially to pay the principal on the Class A notes and Class B notes in an amount equal to the principal balance of the defaulted loan collateral. As of December 31, 2008, there was defaulted loan collateral in the trust and therefore all interest and principal collections are being applied sequentially to pay down the principal of the notes as outlined above. Subject to continuing compliance with certain conditions, we will remain as servicer of the loans. The Class A notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 40 basis points, the Class B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 100 basis points, the Class C notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 125 basis points, the Class D notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 300 basis points and the Class E and Class F notes retained by us do not have an interest rate. The 2007-2 Notes are secured by loans and assets from our portfolio companies with a principal balance of $443 million as of December 31, 2008. The 2007-2 Notes contain customary default provisions and mature in November 2019 unless redeemed or repaid prior to such date.

 

In April 2007, we completed a $600 million asset securitization. In connection with the transaction, ACAS Business Loan Trust 2007-1 (“BLT 2007-1”), an indirect consolidated subsidiary, issued $351 million Class A notes, $45 million Class B notes, $81 million Class C notes, $45 million Class D notes and $78 million Class E

 

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notes (collectively, the “2007-1 Notes”). The Class A notes, Class B notes, Class C notes and $15 million of the Class D notes were sold to institutional investors and $30 million of the Class D notes and all the Class E notes were retained by us. The 2007-1 Notes are secured by loans originated or acquired by us and sold to our wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, BLT 2007-1. Through November 2007, BLT 2007-1 could have also generally used principal collections from the underlying loan pool to purchase additional loans to secure the 2007-1 Notes. After such time, principal payments on the 2007-1 Notes are generally applied pro rata to each class of 2007-1 Notes outstanding until the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loan pool is less than $300 million or the occurrence of certain other events. Payments will then be applied sequentially to the Class A notes, the Class B notes, the Class C notes, the Class D notes and the Class E notes. However, if any loan collateral in the trust becomes a defaulted loan, as defined in the indenture, all interest and principal collections that would be applied to the Class D notes are applied sequentially to pay the principal on the Class A notes, Class B notes and Class C notes in an amount equal to the principal balance of the defaulted loan collateral. As of December 31, 2008, there was defaulted loan collateral in the trust and therefore all interest and principal collections are being applied sequentially to pay down the principal of the notes as outlined above. Subject to continuing compliance with certain conditions, we will remain as servicer of the loans. The Class A notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 14 basis points, the Class B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 31 basis points, the Class C notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 85 basis points, the Class D notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 185 basis points and the Class E notes retained by us do not have an interest rate. The 2007-1 Notes are secured by loans and assets from our portfolio companies with a principal balance of $467 million as of December 31, 2008. The 2007-1 Notes contain customary default provisions and mature in August 2019 unless redeemed or repaid prior to such date.

 

In July 2006, we completed a $500 million asset securitization. In connection with the transaction, ACAS Business Loan Trust 2006-1 (“BLT 2006-1”), an indirect consolidated subsidiary, issued $291 million Class A notes, $37 million Class B notes, $73 million Class C notes, $35 million Class D notes and $64 million Class E notes (collectively, the “2006-1 Notes”). The Class A notes, Class B notes, Class C notes and Class D notes were sold to institutional investors and the Class E notes were retained by us. The 2006-1 Notes are secured by loans originated or acquired by us and sold to a wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, which in turn sold such loans to BLT 2006-1. Through August 2009, BLT 2006-1 could have also generally used principal collections from the underlying loan pool to purchase additional loans to secure the 2006-1 Notes. After such time, principal payments on the 2006-1 Notes will generally be applied pro rata to each class of 2006-1 Notes outstanding until the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loan pool is less than $250 million or the occurrence of certain other events. Payments will then be applied sequentially to the Class A notes, the Class B notes, the Class C notes, the Class D notes and the Class E notes. However, if any loan collateral in the trust becomes a defaulted loan, as defined in the indenture, all interest and principal collections that would be applied to the Class E notes are applied sequentially to pay the principal on the Class A notes, Class B notes, Class C notes and Class D notes in an amount equal to the principal balance of the defaulted loan collateral. As of December 31, 2008, there was defaulted loan collateral in the trust and therefore all interest and principal collections are being applied sequentially to pay down the principal of the notes as outlined above. Subject to continuing compliance with certain conditions, we will remain as servicer of the loans. The Class A notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 23 basis points, the Class B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 36 basis points, the Class C notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 65 basis points and the Class D notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 125 basis points. The 2006-1 Notes are secured by loans and assets from our portfolio companies with a principal balance of $491 million as of December 31, 2008. The 2006-1 Notes contain customary default provisions and mature in November 2019 unless redeemed or repaid prior to such date.

 

In October 2005, we completed a $1,000 million asset securitization. In connection with the transaction, ACAS Business Loan Trust 2005-1 (“BLT 2005-1”), an indirect consolidated subsidiary, issued $435 million Class A-1 notes, $150 million Class A-2A notes, $50 million Class A-2B notes, $50 million Class B notes, $145 million Class C notes, $90 million Class D notes and $80 million Class E notes (collectively, the “2005-1 Notes”). The Class A-1 notes, Class A-2A notes, Class A-2B notes, Class B notes and Class C notes were issued to institutional investors and the Class D notes and Class E notes were retained by us. The 2005-1 Notes are

 

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secured by loans originated or acquired by us and sold to a wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, which in turn sold such loans to BLT 2005-1. Of the $150 million Class A-2A notes, $82 million was drawn upon in 2005 and the balance of $68 million was drawn upon in 2006. Through January 2009, BLT 2005-1 could have also generally used principal collections from the underlying loan pool to purchase additional loans to secure the 2005-1 Notes. After such time, principal payments on the 2005-1 Notes will be applied first to the Class A-1 notes, Class A-2A notes and Class A-2B notes, next to the Class B notes and then to the Class C notes. However, if any loan collateral in the trust becomes a defaulted loan, as defined in the indenture, all interest and principal collections that would be applied to the Class D notes are applied sequentially to pay the principal on the Class A notes, Class B notes and Class C notes in an amount equal to the principal balance of the defaulted loan collateral. As of December 31, 2008, there was defaulted loan collateral in the trust and therefore all interest and principal collections are being applied sequentially to pay down the principal of the notes as outlined above. Subject to continuing compliance with certain conditions, we will remain as servicer of the loans. The Class A-1 notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 25 basis points, the Class A-2A notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 20 basis points, the Class A-2B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 35 basis points, the Class B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 40 basis points, and the Class C notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 85 basis points. The 2005-1 Notes are secured by loans and assets from our portfolio companies with a principal balance of $968 million as of December 31, 2008. The 2005-1 Notes contain customary default provisions and mature in July 2019 unless redeemed or repaid prior to such date.

 

In December 2004, we completed a $500 million asset securitization. In connection with the transaction, ACAS Business Loan Trust 2004-1 (“BLT 2004-1”), an indirect consolidated subsidiary, issued $302 million Class A notes, $34 million Class B notes, $74 million Class C notes, $50 million Class D notes, and $40 million Class E notes (collectively, the “2004-1 Notes”). The Class A notes, Class B notes, and Class C notes were issued to institutional investors and the Class D and Class E notes were retained by us. The 2004-1 Notes are secured by loans originated or acquired by us and sold to a wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, which in turn sold such loans to BLT 2004-1. Through January 2007, BLT 2004-1 could have also generally used principal collections from the underlying loan pool to purchase additional loans to secure the 2004-1 Notes. After such time, payments are first applied to the Class A notes, then to the Class B notes and then to the Class C notes. However, if any loan collateral in the trust becomes a defaulted loan, as defined in the indenture, all interest and principal collections that would be applied to the Class D notes are applied sequentially to pay the principal on the Class A notes, Class B notes and Class C notes in an amount equal to the principal balance of the defaulted loan collateral. As of December 31, 2008, there was defaulted loan collateral in the trust and therefore all interest and principal collections are being applied sequentially to pay down the principal of the notes as outlined above. Subject to continuing compliance with certain conditions, we will remain as servicer of the loans. The Class A notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 32 basis points, the Class B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 50 basis points, and the Class C notes have an interest rate three-month LIBOR plus 100 basis points. The 2004-1 Notes are secured by loans and assets from our portfolio companies with a principal balance of $291 million as of December 31, 2008. The 2004-1 Notes contain customary default provisions and mature in October 2017 unless redeemed or repaid prior to such date.

 

To the extent that we receive unscheduled prepayments on our debt investments that securitize our debt obligations, we are required to apply those proceeds to our outstanding debt obligations.

 

Equity Capital

 

As a BDC, we are generally not able to issue and sell our common stock at a price below our net asset value per share, exclusive of any distributing commission or discount, without shareholder approval. As of December 31, 2008, our net asset value per share was $15.41 per share and our closing market price was $3.24 per share. On February 19, 2009, our shareholders approved a proposal to authorize us to sell shares of our common stock at prices below the net asset value per share in one or more offerings subject to certain limitations, including the prior approval of our Board of Directors. The authorization is effective for a twelve month period

 

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expiring on February 19, 2010 and the number of shares that may be issued below the NAV per share is limited to (i) the number of shares of our common stock required to be issued to complete the acquisition of the ordinary shares of European Capital and (ii) a maximum of an additional 42,812,640 shares of common stock, which was 20% of the number of shares outstanding as of the record date for shareholder vote of the proposal, subject to adjustment for shares issued following the occurrence of events such as stock splits, stock dividends, distributions and recapitalizations.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, we completed several public offerings of our common stock in which shares were sold either directly by us or by forward purchasers in connection with forward sale agreements (“FSA”). As of December 31, 2008, all of the FSA have been fully settled. The following table summarizes the total shares sold directly by us, including shares sold pursuant to underwriters’ over-allotment options and through FSA, and the proceeds we received, excluding underwriting fees and issuance costs, for the public offerings of our common stock for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 (in millions):

 

     Shares Sold    Proceeds, Net of
Underwriters’
Discount
   Average Price

Issuances under November 2007 FSA

   4.0    $ 142    $ 35.61

March 2008 public offering

   8.7      302      34.77
              

Total for the year ended December 31, 2008

   12.7    $ 444    $ 34.96
              

November 2007 direct offering

   0.2    $ 9    $ 37.66

Issuances under September 2007 FSA

   6.0      228      37.97

September 2007 public offering

   0.9      34      37.63

Issuances under June 2007 FSA

   5.0      215      43.07

June 2007 public offering

   17.4      748      43.02

June 2007 direct offering

   0.2      11      46.47

Issuances under March 2007 FSA

   6.0      259      43.17

Issuances under January 2007 FSA

   2.0      88      43.84

March 2007 public offering

   4.4      187      43.03

January 2007 public offering

   5.2      231      44.11
              

Total for the year ended December 31, 2007

   47.3    $ 2,010    $ 42.45
              

 

Future Distribution Requirements

 

If we qualify as a RIC and annually distribute to our shareholders in a timely manner at least 90% of our investment company taxable ordinary income, we will not be subject to federal income tax on the portion of our taxable ordinary income and long-term capital gains we distribute to our shareholders. As permitted by the Code, a RIC can designate dividends paid in the subsequent tax year as dividends of current year ordinary income and net long-term gains if those dividends are both declared by the extended due date of the RIC’s federal income tax return and paid to shareholders by the last day of the subsequent tax year. We have a tax fiscal year that ends on September 30.

 

As of September 30, 2008, we had undistributed ordinary income of $514 million. We paid a dividend of $218 million on October 14, 2008 reducing our undistributed ordinary income to $296 million. In order for this undistributed ordinary income to be considered distributed for our tax year ended September 30, 2008, it will need to be declared as a dividend by June 15, 2009 and paid by September 30, 2009. As of September 30, 2008, we did not have any undistributed long-term capital gains since they are treated as being distributed through the “deemed distribution.” Further, in order to continue to maintain our qualification as a RIC for our tax year ending September 30, 2009, we will be required to distribute at least 90% of the ordinary taxable income by declaring it by June 15, 2010 and paying it by September 30, 2010. We expect to distribute all of our taxable income in accordance with the above dates to maintain our qualification as a RIC and to eliminate all of our taxable income.

 

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For any tax years ending on or before December 31, 2009, we can fulfill our distribution requirements by distributing up to 90% of our common stock as a form of payment of the declared dividend. In order to utilize this option, we must allow each shareholder to elect to receive his or her entire distribution in either cash or our stock subject to a limitation on the aggregate amount of cash to be distributed to all shareholders, which must be at least 10% of the aggregate declared distribution. If too many shareholders elect to receive cash, each shareholder electing to receive cash will receive a pro rata amount of cash (with the balance of the distribution paid in stock). In no event will any shareholder electing to receive cash receive less than 10% of his or her entire distribution in cash. (See Item 1. Business – Regulated Investments Company Requirements)

 

Contractual Obligations

 

For any of our debt obligations that we were in breach of covenants of as of December 31, 2008, the amounts outstanding are considered immediately due and payable and are classified as maturing in 2009. A summary of our contractual payment obligations as of December 31, 2008 are as follows (in millions):

 

     Payment Due by Period

Contractual Obligations

   Total    Less than 1 year    2-3 years    4-5 years    After 5 years

Revolving credit facilities

   $ 1,389    $ 1,389    $ —      $ —      $ —  

Notes payable

     2,099      181      239      929      750

Unsecured debt

     942      942      —        —        —  

Interest payments on debt obligations(1)

     282      151      67      53      11

Operating leases

     214      23      44      32      115
                                  

Total

   $ 4,926    $ 2,686    $ 350    $ 1,014    $ 876
                                  

 

(1) For variable rate debt, future interest payments are based on the interest rate as of December 31, 2008.

 

To the extent that we receive unscheduled prepayments on our debt investments that securitize our debt obligations, we are required to apply those proceeds to our outstanding debt obligations.

 

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We have non-cancelable operating leases for office space and office equipment. The leases expire over the next 15 years and contain provisions for certain annual rental escalations. However, certain of the office space subject to the non-cancelable leases have been subleased to third-party tenants and we may attempt further sublease excess office space in the future.

 

On November 19, 2008 we entered into a put option agreement with European Capital under which European Capital can put some or all of certain investments to us at a predetermined put price of €332 million (approximately $467 million as of December 31, 2008). Under the terms of the agreement, the put option may be exercised at any time commencing on January 1, 2010 and expiring on December 31, 2010. If, prior to January 1, 2010, the investments are sold to a third-party for less than the predetermined put price, we are required to pay European Capital an amount equal to the difference between the predetermined put price and the amount received on the sale. In consideration for entering into the put option, European Capital paid us a premium of €16 million ($20 million) which is included on our consolidated balance sheets as a liability. The fair value of the liability as of December 31, 2008 is $69 million.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we had commitments under loan and financing agreements to fund up to $1,153 million to 62 portfolio companies. These commitments are primarily composed of working capital credit facilities, acquisition credit facilities and subscription agreements. The commitments are generally subject to the borrowers meeting certain criteria such as meeting covenant compliance and availability under borrowing base thresholds. The terms of the borrowings and financings subject to commitment are comparable to the terms of other debt and equity securities in our portfolio.

 

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A summary of our put, loan and equity commitments as of December 31, 2008 is as follows (in millions):

 

     Total    Amount of Commitment Expiration by Period
      Less than 1 year    1-3 years    4-5 years    After 5 years

Loan and equity commitments

   $ 1,153    $ 447    $ 244    $ 219    $ 243

Put option commitment

     467      —        467      —        —  

 

The following are summaries of commitments under loan and financing arrangements with our portfolio companies included in the amounts above that have an unfunded commitment in excess of $100 million as of December 31, 2008.

 

In February 2008, we provided a $400 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Term A Facility”) to European Capital. Borrowings under the Term A Facility bear interest at LIBOR plus 700 basis points. The Term A Facility has an unused commitment fee of 20 basis points and matures in February 2011. As of December 31, 2008, the outstanding balance under the Term A Facility was $364 million and the remaining unfunded commitment was $36 million. In October 2008, we amended the loan agreement to extend an additional $250 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Term B Facility”) to European Capital. Borrowings under the Term B Facility bear interest at LIBOR plus 800 basis points. The Term B Facility has an unused commitment fee of 20 basis points and matures in November 2009. As of December 31, 2008, there was no outstanding balance under the Term B Facility. Under each facility, standby letters of credit can be issued for the account of European Capital. Issuances of standby letters of credit would reduce the available commitments under each facility. Any funding of a standby letter of credit that is not reimbursed by European Capital on the disbursement date will bear interest at the rate of the respective facility. As of December 31, 2008, there were $141 million of standby letters of credit issued under both facilities.

 

In May 2008, we entered into a note and equity purchase agreement with Core Business Credit, LLC to provide up to $175 million of senior and junior secured subordinated note financing through May 2013. Borrowings bear interest at LIBOR plus a weighted average spread of 12.1725% with all principal due May 2015. As of December 31, 2008, we have issued $20 million of junior and senior unsecured subordinated notes and have a remaining commitment to fund up to $155 million. Also, pursuant to the note and equity purchase agreement, we committed to purchase up to $93 million of membership units in Core Business Credit, LLC through May 2015. As of December 31, 2008, we have purchased $3 million of membership units and have an unfunded commitment of $90 million. We own approximately 82% of Core Business Credit, LLC on a fully diluted basis and our funds under management own approximately 16% on a fully diluted basis. Subsequent to December 31, 2008, we entered into an agreement to terminate our remaining unfunded commitments to issue junior and senior subordinated notes and purchase additional membership units in Core Business Credit, LLC.

 

We have a commitment to fund up to $120 million of Ford Motor Company’s $11.5 billion secured revolving credit facility. Draws on the facility bear interest at LIBOR plus 225 basis points and it includes an unused commitment fee of 50 basis points. The facility matures in December 2011. As of December 31, 2008, there have been no draws on the facility. Subsequent to December 31, 2008, we funded $113 million under this facility.

 

Portfolio Credit Quality

 

We stop accruing interest on our investments when it is determined that interest is no longer collectible. Our valuation analysis serves as a critical piece of data in this determination. A significant change in the portfolio company valuation assigned by us could have an effect on the amount of our loans on non-accrual status. As of December 31, 2008, loans on non-accrual status for 35 portfolio companies were $871 million, calculated as the cost plus unamortized OID, and had a fair value of $150 million. These loans include a total of $673 million with PIK interest features.

 

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As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, loans on accrual status, past due loans and loans on non-accrual status were as follows (dollars in millions):

 

     2008     2007  
     Number of
Portfolio
Companies
   Amount     Number of
Portfolio
Companies
   Amount  

Current

   110    $ 5,438     131    $ 5,708  
                          

One Month Past Due

        22          150  

Two Months Past Due

        —            —    

Three Months Past Due

        —            —    

Greater than Three Months Past Due

        28          —    

Loans on Non-accrual Status

        871          338  
                      

Subtotal

   35      921     22      488  
                          

Total Loans at Face

   145    $ 6,359     153    $ 6,196  
                          

Total Loans at Fair Value

   145    $ 5,112     153    $ 5,889  
                          

Past Due and Non-accruing Loans as a Percent of Total Loans

        14.5 %        7.9 %

Non-accruing Loans as a Percent of Total Loans at Fair Value

        2.9 %        2.1 %

 

The loan balances at face above reflect our cost of the debt, excluding Structured Products, plus unamortized OID. We believe that debt service collection is probable for our loans that are past due.

 

During 2008, we recapitalized four portfolio companies by exchanging our debt security for a preferred equity security that had a cost basis of $69 million and a fair value of $3 million. During 2007, we did not recapitalize any of our portfolio companies that resulted in an exchange of our debt security for an equity security.

 

Credit Statistics

 

We monitor several key credit statistics that provide information about credit quality and portfolio performance. These key statistics include:

 

   

Debt to EBITDA Ratio—the sum of all debt with equal or senior security rights to our debt investments divided by the total adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, of the most recent twelve months or, when appropriate, the forecasted twelve months.

 

   

Interest Coverage Ratio—EBITDA divided by the total scheduled cash interest payments required to have been made by the portfolio company during the most recent twelve-month period, or when appropriate, the forecasted twelve months.

 

   

Debt Service Coverage Ratio—EBITDA divided by the total scheduled principal amortization and the total scheduled cash interest payments required to have been made during the most recent twelve-month period, or when appropriate, the forecasted twelve months.

 

We generally require our portfolio companies to provide annual audited and monthly or quarterly unaudited financial statements. Using these financial statements, we calculate the statistics described above. Buyout and mezzanine funds typically adjust EBITDA due to the nature of change of control transactions. Such adjustments are intended to normalize and restate EBITDA to reflect the pro forma results of a company in a change of control transaction. For purposes of analyzing the financial performance of our portfolio companies, we make certain adjustments to EBITDA to reflect the pro forma results of a company consistent with a change of control transaction in addition to adjusting EBITDA for significant non-recurring, unusual or infrequent items. Adjustments to EBITDA may include anticipated cost savings resulting from a merger or restructuring, costs related to new product development, compensation to previous owners, non-recurring revenues or expenses, and other acquisition or restructuring related items.

 

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We track our portfolio investments on a static pool basis, including based on the statistics described above. A static pool consists of the investments made during a given year. The static pool classification is based on the year the initial investment was made. Subsequent add-on investments are included in the static pool year of the original investment. The Pre-1999 static pool consists of the investments made from the time of our IPO through the year ended December 31, 1998. The following table contains a summary of portfolio statistics as of and for the periods ended December 31, 2008:

 

Portfolio Statistics(1) ($ in millions, unaudited)

   Pre-2000     2000     2001     2002     2003     2004     2005     2006     2007     2008     Pre-2000 - 2008
Aggregate
    2004 - 2008
Aggregate
 

Internal Rate of Return-All Investments(2)

     7.8 %     8.0 %     18.4 %     8.3 %     21.5 %     14.6 %     4.8 %     10.2 %     0.9 %     -1.3 %     8.9 %     6.9 %

Internal Rate of Return-All Investments(3)

     7.8 %     8.0 %     18.4 %     8.3 %     21.4 %     13.6 %     4.3 %     8.0 %     -13.9 %     -15.8 %     5.6 %     1.8 %

Internal Rate of Return-Equity Investments Only(3)(4)(5)

     2.9 %     12.1 %     46.9 %     11.9 %     29.9 %     27.4 %     -8.6 %     16.9 %     -9.8 %     -35.7 %     5.3 %     0.9 %

Internal Rate of Return-Exited Portfolio Companies(6)

     9.5 %     8.0 %     27.6 %     15.8 %     20.3 %     22.8 %     28.8 %     20.9 %     8.9 %     69.0 %     18.0 %     23.7 %

Original Investments and Commitments

   $ 780     $ 285     $ 375     $ 960     $ 1,432     $ 2,266     $ 4,527     $ 5,126     $ 7,310     $ 1,012     $ 24,073     $ 20,241  

Total Exits and Prepayments of Original Investments

   $ 689     $ 285     $ 336     $ 706     $ 1,083     $ 1,641     $ 2,005     $ 2,728     $ 1,856     $ 15     $ 11,344     $ 8,245  

Total Interest, Dividends and Fees Collected

   $ 301     $ 105     $ 148     $ 310     $ 370     $ 558     $ 856     $ 746     $ 610     $ 84     $ 4,088     $ 2,854  

Total Net Realized (Loss) Gain on Investments

   $ (118 )   $ (39 )   $ 9     $ (51 )   $ 142     $ 160     $ 322     $ 139     $ (24 )   $ 6     $ 546     $ 603  

Current Cost of Investments

   $ 81     $ —       $ 37     $ 234     $ 317     $ 617     $ 2,261     $ 2,047     $ 4,202     $ 895     $ 10,691     $ 10,022  

Current Fair Value of Investments

   $ 47     $ —       $ 7     $ 149     $ 378     $ 394     $ 1,409     $ 1,588     $ 2,722     $ 724     $ 7,418     $ 6,837  

Current Fair Value of Investments as a % of Total Investments at Fair Value

     0.6 %     0.0 %     0.1 %     2.0 %     5.1 %     5.3 %     19.0 %     21.4 %     36.7 %     9.8 %     100.0 %     92.2 %

Net Unrealized Appreciation/(Depreciation)

   $ (34 )   $ —       $ (30 )   $ (85 )   $ 61     $ (223 )   $ (852 )   $ (459 )   $ (1,480 )   $ (171 )   $ (3,273 )   $ (3,185 )

Non-Accruing Loans at Face

   $ 20     $ —       $ 46     $ 53     $ 14     $ 55     $ 70     $ 330     $ 212     $ 71     $ 871     $ 738  

Non-Accruing Loans at Fair Value

   $ 6     $ —       $ 3     $ 11     $ 3     $ 15     $ 23     $ 42     $ 27     $ 20     $ 150     $ 127  

Equity Interest at Fair Value(4)

   $ 35     $ —       $ 1     $ 4     $ 154     $ 70     $ 438     $ 534     $ 728     $ 156     $ 2,120     $ 1,926  

Debt to EBITDA(7)(8)(9)

     4.9       —         NM       6.8       4.6       6.3       4.6       5.6       6.4       5.9       5.9       5.9  

Interest Coverage(7)(9)

     4.0       —         NM       1.4       1.7       1.7       2.3       2.0       2.0       1.8       2.0       2.0  

Debt Service Coverage(7)(9)

     3.3       —         NM       1.0       1.7       1.3       1.6       1.7       1.8       1.6       1.7       1.7  

Average Age of Companies(9)

     63 yrs       —         24 yrs       45 yrs       40 yrs       40 yrs       31 yrs       26 yrs       27 yrs       26 yrs       29 yrs       28 yrs  

Diluted Ownership Percentage(4)

     55 %     0 %     70 %     38 %     52 %     34 %     50 %     35 %     48 %     31 %     43 %     43 %

Average Sales(9)(10)

   $ 135     $ —       $ 56     $ 65     $ 194     $ 115     $ 120     $ 139     $ 205     $ 128     $ 162     $ 163  

Average EBITDA(9)(11)

   $ 11     $ —       $ 1     $ 12     $ 37     $ 24     $ 23     $ 31     $ 40     $ 34     $ 33     $ 34  

Average EBITDA Margin

     8.1 %     0 %     1.8 %     18.5 %     19.1 %     20.9 %     19.2 %     22.3 %     19.5 %     26.6 %     20.4 %     20.9 %

Total Sales(9)(10)

   $ 379     $ —       $ 256     $ 254     $ 1,385     $ 1,533     $ 2,692     $ 6,081     $ 15,044     $ 1,244     $ 28,868     $ 26,594  

Total EBITDA(9)(11)

   $ 28     $ —       $ 6     $ 30     $ 191     $ 254     $ 382     $ 948     $ 2,653     $ 289     $ 4,781     $ 4,526  

% of Senior Loans(9)(12)

     42 %     0 %     0 %     66 %     61 %     53 %     66 %     42 %     60 %     29 %     54 %     53 %

% of Loans with Lien(9)(12)

     100 %     0 %     100 %     100 %     100 %     93 %     91 %     95 %     94 %     55 %     90 %     89 %

 

 

(1) Static pool classification is based on the year the initial investment was made. Subsequent add-on investments are included in the static pool year of the original investment. Investments in government securities and interest rate derivative agreements are excluded.
(2) Assumes investments are exited at realizable based on anticipated proceeds to be received upon settlement or maturity.
(3) Assumes investments are exited at current GAAP fair value.
(4) Excludes investments in Structured Products.
(5) Excludes equity investments that are the result of conversions of debt and warrants received with the issuance of debt.
(6) Includes fully exited portfolio companies. Partially exited portfolio companies are not included.
(7) These amounts do not include investments in which we own only equity.
(8) For portfolio companies with a nominal EBITDA amount, the portfolio company’s maximum debt leverage is limited to 15 times EBITDA.
(9) Excludes investments in Structured Products, investments in managed funds and American Capital, LLC.
(10) Sales of the most recent twelve months, or when appropriate, the forecasted twelve months.
(11) EBITDA of the most recent twelve months, or when appropriate, the forecasted twelve months.
(12) As a percentage of our total debt investments.

 

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Impact of Inflation

 

We believe that inflation can influence the value of our investments through the impact it may have on interest rates, the capital markets, the valuations of business enterprises and the relationship of the valuations to underlying earnings.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires us to utilize accounting policies and make certain estimates and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and the related disclosures. We base our assumptions, estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends and other factors that management believes to be relevant at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared. Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 3 of the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The SEC considers an accounting policy to be critical if it is both important to a company’s financial condition and results of operations and it requires significant judgment and estimates on the part of management in its applications.

 

Management believes that the following critical accounting policies are the most affected by judgments, estimates and assumptions. Management has reviewed these critical accounting policies and related disclosures with our independent auditor and the Audit and Compliance Committee of our Board of Directors. Although we believe that our judgments and estimates are appropriate and correct, actual results may differ from those estimates. See “Risk Factors” for certain matters bearing risks on our future results of operations.

 

Going Concern

 

A fundamental principle of the preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP is the assumption that an entity will continue in existence as a going concern, which contemplates continuity of operations and the realization of assets and settlement of liabilities occurring in the ordinary course of business. This principle is applicable to all entities except for entities in liquidation or entities for which liquidation appears imminent. In accordance with this requirement, our policy is to prepare our consolidated financial statements on a going concern basis unless we intend to liquidate or have no other alternative but to liquidate. As a result of our default of various financial covenants under our borrowing arrangements, there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. While we have prepared our consolidated financial statements on a going concern basis, if we are unable to successfully restructure our borrowing arrangements and we do not receive additional funding, our ability to continue as a going concern may be impacted. Therefore, we may not be able to realize our assets and settle our liabilities in the ordinary course of business. Our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K do not reflect any adjustments that might specifically result from the outcome of this uncertainty or our debt restructuring activities.

 

Valuation of Investments

 

Our investments are carried at fair value in accordance with the 1940 Act and SFAS No. 157. In accordance with the 1940 Act, unrestricted minority-owned publicly traded securities for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the closing market quote on the valuation date and majority-owned publicly traded securities and other privately held securities are valued as determined in good faith by our Board of Directors. For securities of companies that are publicly traded for which we have a majority-owned interest, the value is based on the closing market quote on the valuation date plus a control premium if our Board of Directors determines in good faith that additional value above the closing market quote would be obtainable upon a sale or transfer of our controlling interest.

 

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We adopted SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008. SFAS No. 157 provides a framework for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 also provides guidance regarding a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes information used to measure fair value and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings and provides for enhanced disclosures determined by the level within the hierarchy of information used in the valuation. SFAS No. 157 applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value but does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances.

 

SFAS No. 157 defines fair value in terms of the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The price used to measure the fair value is not adjusted for transaction costs while the cost basis of our investments may include initial transaction costs. Under SFAS No. 157, the fair value measurement also assumes that the transaction to sell an asset occurs in the principal market for the asset or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset. The principal market is the market in which the reporting entity would sell or transfer the asset with the greatest volume and level of activity for the asset. In determining the principal market for an asset or liability under SFAS No. 157, it is assumed that the reporting entity has access to the market as of the measurement date. If no market for the asset exists or if the reporting entity does not have access to the principal market, the reporting entity should use a hypothetical market.

 

The market in which we would sell our private finance investments is the M&A market. Under SFAS No. 157, we have indentified the M&A market as our principal market for portfolio companies only if we have the ability to initiate a sale of the portfolio company as of the measurement date. We decide whether we have the ability to initiate a sale of a portfolio company based on our ability to control or gain control of the board of directors of the portfolio company as of the measurement date. In evaluating if we can control or gain control of a portfolio company as of the measurement date, we include our equity securities and those securities held by entities managed by American Capital, LLC, on a fully diluted basis. For investments in securities of portfolio companies for which we do not have the ability to control or gain control as of the measurement date and for which there is no active market, our principal market under SFAS No. 157 is a hypothetical secondary market. The determination of the principal market used to estimate the fair value of each of our investments can have a material impact on our estimate of the fair value of our investments.

 

The levels of fair value inputs used to measure our investments are characterized in accordance with the fair value hierarchy established by SFAS No. 157. Where inputs for an asset or liability fall into more than one level in the fair value hierarchy, the investment is classified in its entirety based on the lowest level input that is significant to that investment’s fair value measurement. We use judgment and consider factors specific to the investment in determining the significance of an input to a fair value measurement. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy and investments that fall into each of the levels are described below:

 

   

Level 1: Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. We use Level 1 inputs for investments in publicly traded unrestricted securities for which we do not have a controlling interest. Such investments are valued at the closing price on the measurement date. We did not value any of our investments using Level 1 inputs as of December 31, 2008.

 

   

Level 2: Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

 

   

Level 3: Level 3 inputs are unobservable and cannot be corroborated by observable market data. We use Level 3 inputs for measuring the fair value of substantially all of our investments as follows:

 

  - For investments in securities of companies that are publicly traded for which we have a controlling interest, the fair value of the investment is based on the closing price of the security on the measurement date adjusted for the fair value of a control premium, if any, based on the value above the closing market quote that would be obtainable upon a sale of our controlling interest. A control premium incorporated into the valuation would be considered a Level 3 input if it has a significant impact on the determination of fair value.

 

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  - For securities of portfolio companies for which we have identified the M&A market as the principal market, we estimate the fair value based on the Enterprise Value Waterfall valuation methodology. Under the Enterprise Value Waterfall valuation methodology, we estimate the enterprise fair value of the portfolio company and then waterfall the enterprise value over the portfolio company’s securities in order of their preference relative to one another. For minority equity securities, we also estimate the fair value using the Enterprise Value Waterfall valuation methodology. To estimate the enterprise value of the portfolio company, we prepare an analysis consisting of traditional valuation methodologies including market, income and cost approaches. We weight some or all of the traditional valuation methods based on the individual circumstances of the portfolio company in order to conclude on our estimate of the enterprise value. The methodologies consist of valuation estimates based on: valuations of comparable public companies, recent sales of private and public comparable companies, discounting the forecasted cash flows of the portfolio company, estimating the liquidation or collateral value of the portfolio company’s assets, third-party valuations of the portfolio company, considering offers from third-parties to buy the company, estimating the value to potential strategic buyers and considering the value of recent investments in the equity securities of the portfolio company. To determine the enterprise value of a portfolio company, we analyze its historical and projected financial results. This financial and other information is generally obtained from our portfolio companies, and may represent unaudited, projected or pro-forma financial information. The assumptions incorporated in the valuation methodologies used to estimate the enterprise value consists primarily of unobservable Level 3 inputs, including management assumptions based on judgment. A change in these assumptions could have a material impact on the determination of fair value.

 

  - For securities of portfolio companies for which we have identified the hypothetical secondary market as the principal market, we determine the fair value based on the assumptions that a hypothetical market participant would use to value the security in a current hypothetical sale using a Market Yield valuation methodology. In applying the Market Yield valuation methodology, we estimate the fair value based on such factors as third-party broker quotes and market participant assumptions including synthetic credit ratings, estimated remaining life, current market yield and interest rate spreads of similar securities as of the measurement date. The assumptions used to estimate the fair value in a hypothetical secondary market are considered primarily Level 3 inputs. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Staff Position (“FSP”) No. 157-3, Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active,” we weight third-party broker quotes in determining fair value based on our understanding of the level of actual transactions used by the broker to develop the quote and whether the quote was an indicative price or binding offer. In estimating the remaining life, we generally use an average life based on market data of the average life of similar debt securities. However, if we have information available to us that the debt security is expected to be repaid in the near term, we would use an estimated life based on the expected repayment date. The average life used to estimate the fair value of our debt securities is generally shorter than the legal maturity of the loans as our loans have historically been prepaid prior to the maturity date. The current interest rate spreads used to estimate the fair value of our debt securities is based on our experience of current interest rate spreads on similar securities. A change in the unobservable inputs and assumptions that we use to estimate the fair value of our debt securities could have a material impact on the determination of fair value.

 

  -

We value our investments in Structured Products using the Market Yield valuation methodology. We estimate the fair value based on such factors as third-party broker quotes and our cash flow forecasts subject to our assumptions a market participant would use regarding the investments’ underlying collateral including, but not limited to, assumptions of default and recovery rates, reinvestment spreads and prepayment rates. Cash flow forecasts are discounted using a market participant’s market yield assumptions which are derived from multiple sources including, but not

 

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limited to, third-party broker quotes, recent investments and securities with similar structure and risk characteristics. In accordance with FSP No. 157-3, we weight the use of third-party broker quotes in determining fair value based on our understanding of the level of actual transactions used by the broker to develop the quote and whether the quote was an indicative price or binding offer. The cash flow forecasts and market yields used to discount the cash flows incorporate a significant amount of Level 3 inputs. A change in our default and recovery rate assumptions in the cash flow forecasts or a change in the market yield assumptions could have a material impact on the determination of fair value.

 

  - We value derivative instruments based on fair value information from both the derivative counterparty, as adjusted for nonperformance risk considerations, and third-party pricing services. We corroborate the fair value by analyzing the estimated net present value of the future cash flows using relevant market forward interest rate yield curves in effect at the end of the period as adjusted for quantitative and qualitative nonperformance risk considerations. A change in our determination of the nonperformance risk could have a material impact on the determination of fair value.

 

Due to the uncertainty inherent in the valuation process, such estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the securities existed, and the differences could be material. Additionally, changes in the market environment and other events that may occur over the life of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be different than the valuations currently assigned.

 

See note 4 to our consolidated financial statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information regarding the classification of our investment portfolio by Levels 1, 2 and 3 as of December 31, 2008.

 

Interest and Dividend Income Recognition

 

Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected. OID is accreted into interest income using the effective interest method. OID initially represents the value of detachable equity warrants obtained in conjunction with the acquisition of debt securities and loan origination fees that represent yield enhancement. Dividend income is recognized on the ex-dividend date for common equity securities and on an accrual basis for preferred equity securities to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected or realized. In determining the amount of dividend income to recognize, if any, from cash distributions on common equity securities, we will assess many factors including a portfolio company’s cumulative undistributed income and operating cash flow. Cash distributions from common equity securities received in excess of such undistributed amounts are recorded first as a reduction of our investment and then as a realized gain on investment. We stop accruing interest or dividends on our investments when it is determined that the interest or dividend is not collectible. We assess the collectability of the interest and dividends based on many factors including the portfolio company’s ability to service our loan based on current and projected cash flows as well as the current valuation of the enterprise. For investments with PIK interest and dividends, we base income and dividend accruals on the valuation of the PIK notes or securities received from the borrower. If the portfolio company valuation indicates a value of the PIK notes or securities that is not sufficient to cover the contractual interest or dividend, we will not accrue interest or dividend income on the notes or securities.

 

A change in the portfolio company valuation assigned by us could have an effect on the amount of loans on non-accrual status. Also, a change in a portfolio company’s operating performance and cash flows can impact a portfolio company’s ability to service our debt and therefore could impact our interest recognition.

 

Interest income on CMBS, CLO and CDO investments is recognized on the effective interest method as required by Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 99-20, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets (“EITF No. 99-20”). Under EITF No. 99-20, at the time of purchase, we estimate the future expected cash flows and determine the effective interest rate based on these estimated cash flows and our cost basis. Subsequent to the purchase and on a quarterly basis, these estimated cash flows are updated and a revised yield is calculated prospectively based on

 

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the current amortized cost of the investment. To the extent the current quarterly estimated cash flows decrease from the prior quarterly estimated cash flows, the revised yield is calculated prospectively based on the current fair value of the investment if the fair value is below cost. In estimating these cash flows, there are a number of assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and contingencies. These include the amount and timing of principal payments (including prepayments, repurchases, defaults and liquidations), the pass through or coupon rate, and interest rate fluctuations. In addition, interest payment shortfalls due to delinquencies on the underlying loans, and the timing of and magnitude of projected credit losses on the loans underlying the securities have to be estimated. These uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may impact our estimates and interest income. As a result, actual results may differ significantly from these estimates.

 

Stock-based Compensation

 

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), a revision to SFAS No. 123. SFAS No. 123(R) also supersedes APB No. 25 and amends FASB SFAS No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows. SFAS No. 123(R) requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized as expenses in the income statement based on their fair values. Pro forma disclosure is no longer an alternative. On January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123(R) using the modified prospective method, and, accordingly, the consolidated financial statements for prior periods do not reflect any restated amounts.

 

Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), we applied SFAS No. 123 to all stock options granted in 2003 and forward. All of our stock options granted prior to January 1, 2003 that were accounted for under APB No. 25 and not expensed in our consolidated statements of operations were fully vested as of December 31, 2005 and therefore, no additional stock compensation costs for those stock option grants were recorded subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R). When recognizing compensation cost under SFAS No. 123, we elected to adjust the compensation costs for forfeitures when the unvested awards were actually forfeited. However, under SFAS No. 123(R), we are required to estimate forfeitures of unvested awards when recognizing compensation cost. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) on January 1, 2006, we recorded a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net of related tax effects, to adjust compensation cost for the difference in compensation costs recognized in prior periods if forfeitures had been estimated during those periods of $1 million, or $0.01 per basic and diluted share.

 

The following table reflects the weighted average fair value per option granted during 2008, 2007 and 2006, as well as the weighted average assumptions used in determining those fair values using the Black-Scholes pricing model.

 

     2008     2007     2006  

Options granted (in millions)

     6.1       9.1       7.1  

Fair value on grant date

   $ 1.75     $ 4.37     $ 2.93  

Expected dividend yield

     15.4 %     8.4 %     8.8 %

Expected volatility

     40 %     26 %     22 %

Estimated annual forfeiture rate

     6.3 %     6.6 %     6.7 %

Risk-free interest rate

     3.4 %     4.5 %     4.6 %

Expected life (years)

     7.2       5.4       5.1  

 

We determine our expected volatility used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model based on a combination of our historical volatility during the expected term of the option and our implied volatility based on the market prices of traded options of our stock.

 

Determining the appropriate fair value model and calculating the fair value of share-based payment awards require the input of subjective assumptions, including the expected life of the share-based payment awards and stock price volatility. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of share-based payment awards represent management’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if factors change and we use different assumptions, our equity-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. In addition, we are required to estimate the

 

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expected forfeiture rate and recognize expense only for those shares expected to vest. If our actual forfeiture rate is materially different from our estimate, the equity-based compensation expense could be significantly different from what we have recorded in the current period.

 

Derivative Financial Instruments

 

We use interest rate derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate risk and also to fulfill our obligation under the terms of our revolving credit facilities and asset securitizations. We have established policies and procedures for the approval, reporting and monitoring of derivative financial instrument activities. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. All derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value with changes in value reflected in net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments during the reporting period. The fair value of these instruments is based on the estimated net present value of the future cash flows using the forward interest rate yield curve in effect at the end of the period, adjusted for non-performance risk based on our credit risk and our counterparty’s credit risk. We may hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes to hedge existing investments or to establish a position with respect to investment objectives.

 

We have interest rate swap agreements where we generally pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate based on LIBOR. We also have interest rate swaption agreements where, if exercised, we pay a floating rate based on LIBOR and receive a fixed rate. The fair value and notional amounts of our interest rate derivative agreements are included in the accompanying consolidated schedule of investments.

 

Periodically, an interest rate swap agreement will also be amended. Any underlying unrealized appreciation or depreciation associated with the original interest rate swap agreement at the time of amendment will be factored into the contractual interest terms of the amended interest rate swap agreement. The contractual terms of the amended interest rate swap agreement are set such that its estimated fair value is equivalent to the estimated fair value of the original interest rate swap agreement. No realized gain or loss is recorded upon amendment when the estimated fair values of the original and amended interest rate swap agreement are substantially the same.

 

Recent Accounting Standards

 

In June 2008, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 07-5, Determining Whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) Is Indexed to an Entity’s Own Stock (“EITF No. 07-5”). EITF No. 07-5 provides guidance on the determination of whether an instrument (or an embedded feature) is indexed to an entity’s own stock in determining whether an instrument is a derivative. To the extent a derivative instrument or embedded derivative feature is deemed indexed to an entity’s own stock, it may be exempt from the requirements of SFAS No. 133, as well as eligible for equity classification under EITF Issue No. 00-19, Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock. EITF No. 07-5 provides that an entity should determine whether an equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) is indexed to its own stock first by evaluating the instrument’s contingent exercise provisions, if any, and then by evaluating the instrument’s settlement provisions. EITF No. 07-5 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008, with early application prohibited. Management has assessed the impact on our consolidated financial statements of adopting EITF No. 07-5 and does not anticipate its adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. EITF 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities (“FSP EITF No. 03-6-1”). The objective of this FSP is to address questions that arose regarding whether unvested share-based payment awards with rights to receive dividends or dividend equivalents should be considered participating securities for the purposes of applying the two-class method of calculating earnings per share (“EPS”), pursuant to SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share. In FSP EITF No. 03-6-1, the FASB staff concluded that unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights to receive non-forfeitable dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities,

 

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and thus, should be included in the two-class method of computing EPS. It is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those years with early application prohibited. This FSP requires that all prior-period EPS data be adjusted retrospectively. Management has evaluated the impact on our consolidated financial statements of adopting FSP EITF No. 03-6-1 and does not anticipate its adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 161”). The objective of SFAS No. 161 is to improve financial reporting about derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors to better understand their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 improves transparency about the location and amounts of derivative instruments in an entity’s financial statements; how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133; and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect its financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 achieves these improvements by requiring disclosure of the fair values of derivative instruments and their gains and losses in a tabular format. It also provides more information about an entity’s liquidity by requiring disclosure of derivative features that are credit risk–related. Finally, it requires cross-referencing within footnotes to enable financial statement users to locate important information about derivative instruments. SFAS No. 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. We did not early adopt SFAS No. 161. Management is currently evaluating the enhanced disclosure requirements and the impact on our consolidated financial statements of adopting SFAS No. 161.

 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

 

We consider our principal market risks to be the fluctuations of interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and the valuations of our investment portfolio.

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

Because we fund a portion of our investments with borrowings, our net increase in net assets from operations is affected by the spread between the rate at which we invest and the rate at which we borrow. We attempt to match-fund our liabilities and assets by financing floating rate assets with floating rate liabilities and fixed rate assets with fixed rate liabilities or equity. We enter into interest rate basis swap agreements to match the interest rate basis of our assets and liabilities, thereby locking in the spread between our asset yield and the cost of our borrowings, and to fulfill our obligations under the terms of our revolving debt funding facilities and asset securitizations. However, our derivatives are considered economic hedges that do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS No. 133.

 

As a result of our use of interest rate swaps, as of December 31, 2008, 27% of our interest bearing assets provided fixed rate returns and approximately 73% of our interest bearing assets provided floating rate returns. Adjusted for the effect of interest rate swaps, as of December 31, 2008, we had floating rate investments in debt securities, tied primarily to LIBOR, with a face amount of $5,216 million and had total borrowings outstanding of $3,488 million that have a variable rate of interest based on LIBOR or a commercial paper rate. Assuming no changes to our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2008, a hypothetical increase or decrease in LIBOR by 100 basis points would increase or decrease our net assets resulting from operations by $17 million, or 1%, over the next twelve months compared to our 2008 net increase in net assets resulting from operations.

 

Under our interest rate swap agreements, we generally pay a fixed rate and receive a floating interest rate based on LIBOR. We also have interest rate swaption agreements where, if exercised, we receive a fixed rate and pay a floating rate based on LIBOR. We may enter into interest rate cap agreements that would entitle us to receive an amount, if any, by which our interest payments on our variable rate debt exceeds specified interest rates. For those investments contributed to the term securitizations, the interest swaps enable us to lock in the spread between the asset yield on the investments and the cost of the borrowings under the term securitizations.

 

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One-month LIBOR decreased from 4.60% as of December 31, 2007 to 0.44% as of December 31, 2008 while the three-month LIBOR decreased from 4.70% as of December 31, 2007 to 1.43 % as of December 31, 2008.

 

A summary of our derivative agreements are included in our schedule of investments in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

 

Foreign Currency Risks

 

We have a limited amount of investments in portfolio companies, including European Capital, for which the investment is denominated in a foreign currency, primarily the Euro. We also have other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. Fluctuations in exchange rates therefore impact our financial condition and results of operations, as reported in U.S. dollars. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the foreign currency translation adjustment recorded in our consolidated statements of operations was unrealized depreciation of $41 million, primarily as a result of the Euro depreciating against the U.S. dollar.

 

Portfolio Valuation

 

Our investments are carried at fair value. In accordance with the definition of fair value in the 1940 Act, unrestricted minority-owned and restricted publicly traded securities for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the closing market quote on the valuation date and majority-owned publicly traded securities and other privately held securities are valued as determined in good faith by our Board of Directors. For securities of companies that are publicly traded for which we have a majority-owned interest, the value is based on the closing market quote on the valuation date plus a control premium if our Board of Directors determines in good faith that additional value above the closing market quote would be obtainable upon a transfer of our controlling interest.

 

For majority-owned publicly traded securities or securities of companies that are not publicly traded, or for which there are various degrees of trading restrictions, we prepare an analysis consisting of traditional valuation methodologies to estimate the enterprise value of the portfolio company issuing the securities. The methodologies consist of valuation estimates based on: valuations of comparable public companies, recent sales of comparable companies, discounting the forecasted cash flows of the portfolio company, the liquidation or collateral value of the portfolio company’s assets, third-party valuations of the portfolio company, third-party sale offers to buy, potential strategic buyer analysis and the value of recent investments in the equity securities of the portfolio company. For recently originated or acquired investments, we generally consider our entry price (which is the initial cost of the investment including transaction costs) in determining fair value. We weight some or all of the above valuation methods in order to conclude on our estimate of the enterprise value. In valuing convertible debt, equity or other similar securities, we value our equity investment based on our pro rata share of the residual equity value available after deducting all outstanding debt from the estimated enterprise value. We value non-convertible debt securities at cost plus amortized OID to the extent that the estimated enterprise value of the portfolio company exceeds the outstanding debt of the portfolio company. If the estimated enterprise value is less than the outstanding debt of the company, we reduce the value of our debt investment beginning with the junior most debt such that the enterprise value less the value of the outstanding debt is zero. If there is sufficient enterprise value to cover the face amount of a debt security that has been discounted due to detachable equity warrants received with that security, that detachable equity warrant will have a minimum value so that the sum of the detachable equity warrant and the discounted debt security equal the face value of the debt security.

 

We value our investments in Structured Products by discounting the forecasted cash flows of the investment. Cash flow forecasts are subject to assumptions regarding the investments’ underlying collateral. Cash flow forecasts are discounted using market yields which are derived through consideration and analysis of multiple sources of information including, but not limited to, counterparty quotes, recent investments and securities with similar structure and risk characteristics.

 

Due to the uncertainty inherent in the valuation process, such estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the securities existed, and the differences

 

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could be material. Additionally, changes in the market environment and other events that may occur over the life of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be different than the valuations currently assigned. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the fair value of 100% of our investments were estimated and determined in good faith by our Board of Directors because the investments were not publicly traded on an active market, the investments had various degrees of trading restrictions or the investments were controlling majority-owned interests in publicly traded companies. With respect to the $11 billion of realizations from our IPO through December 31, 2008, these proceeds exceeded the prior quarter’s valuations of each security by 1%.

 

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

Our management is responsible for the preparation, integrity and objectivity of the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the related financial information. The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and necessarily include certain amounts that are based on estimates and informed judgments. Our management also prepared the related financial information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is responsible for its accuracy and consistency with the consolidated financial statements.

 

The consolidated financial statements have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, who conducted their audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, and the consolidated financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2008. The independent registered public accounting firm’s responsibility is to express an opinion as to the fairness with which such consolidated financial statements and financial highlights present our financial position, results of operations, changes in net assets and cash flows in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. American Capital’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. American Capital’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and Board of Directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

Management assessed the effectiveness of American Capital’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, utilizing the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment and those criteria, management determined that American Capital’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008. The effectiveness of American Capital’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, American Capital’s independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their attestation report included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of American Capital, Ltd.

 

We have audited American Capital, Ltd.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). American Capital, Ltd.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

In our opinion, American Capital, Ltd. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the COSO criteria.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of American Capital, Ltd., including the consolidated schedules of investments, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, and the consolidated financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2008, and our report dated March 2, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon that included an explanatory paragraph regarding American Capital, Ltd.’s ability to continue as a going concern.

 

/s/    Ernst & Young LLP

 

McLean, Virginia

March 2, 2009

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of American Capital, Ltd.

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of American Capital, Ltd., including the consolidated schedules of investments, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, and the consolidated financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2008. These financial statements and the financial highlights are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial highlights based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and financial highlights are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements and financial highlights. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our procedures included verification by examination or confirmation of securities held by the custodians as of December 31, 2008 or by other appropriate auditing procedures. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements and financial highlights referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of American Capital, Ltd. at December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of its operations, changes in its net assets and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, and its consolidated financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that American Capital, Ltd. will continue as a going concern. As more fully described in Note 2, the Company has incurred a net loss of $3.1 billion and has recognized $3.6 billion of net unrealized depreciation of investments for the year ended December 31, 2008. In addition, the Company has not complied with certain covenants of borrowing arrangements with lenders and note holders, and the Company is generally restricted from issuing any new debt because it has not met the 200% minimum asset coverage requirement under the Investment Company Act of 1940. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are described in Note 2. The December 31, 2008 consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) American Capital, Ltd.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 2, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 

/s/    Ernst & Young LLP

 

McLean, Virginia

March 2, 2009

 

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AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in millions, except per share amounts)

 

     December 31,  
     2008     2007  

Assets

    

Investments at fair value (cost of $10,691 and $10,667, respectively)

    

Non-Control/Non-Affiliate investments (cost of $5,904 and $6,467, respectively)

   $ 4,182     $ 6,351  

Affiliate investments (cost of $405 and $394, respectively)

     338       396  

Control investments (cost of $4,382 and $3,806, respectively)

     2,898       4,177  

Derivative agreements (cost of $0 and $0, respectively)

     9       4  
                

Total investments at fair value

     7,427       10,928  

Cash and cash equivalents

     209       143  

Restricted cash and cash equivalents

     71       401  

Interest receivable

     44       56  

Other

     159       204  
                

Total assets

   $ 7,910     $ 11,732  
                

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

    

Debt ($2,512 and $267, due within one year, respectively)

   $ 4,428     $ 4,824  

Derivative and option agreements (cost of $(20) and $1, respectively)

     222       77  

Accrued dividends payable

     —         195  

Other

     105       195  
                

Total liabilities

     4,755       5,291  
                

Commitments and contingencies

    

Shareholders’ equity:

    

Undesignated preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5.0 shares authorized, 0 issued and outstanding

     —         —    

Common stock, $0.01 par value, 1,000.0 and 1,000.0 shares authorized, 214.3 and 201.4 issued and 204.7 and 195.9 outstanding, respectively

  

 

2

 

 

 

2

 

    

Capital in excess of par value

     6,550       6,020  

Notes receivable from sale of common stock

     (5 )     (7 )

Undistributed net realized earnings

     76       254  

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of investments

     (3,468 )     172  
                

Total shareholders’ equity

     3,155       6,441  
                

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 7,910     $ 11,732  
                

Net asset value per common share

   $ 15.41     $ 32.88  
                

 

See accompanying notes.

 

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AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in millions, except per share data)

 

    Year Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  

OPERATING INCOME:

     

Interest and dividend income

     

Non-Control/Non-Affiliate investments

  $ 597     $ 599     $ 385  

Affiliate investments

    39       63       51  

Control investments

    314       337       233  
                       

Total interest and dividend income

    950       999       669  
                       

Asset management and other fee income

     

Non-Control/Non-Affiliate investments

    35       116       104  

Affiliate investments

    1       3       5  

Control investments

    65       122       82  
                       

Total asset management and other fee income

    101       241       191  
                       

Total operating income

    1,051       1,240       860  
                       

OPERATING EXPENSES:

     

Interest

    220       287       190  

Salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation

    206       254       161  

General and administrative

    95       99       73  
                       

Total operating expenses

    521       640       424  
                       

OPERATING INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES

    530       600       436  

Provision for income taxes

    (37 )     (6 )     (11 )
                       

NET OPERATING INCOME

    493       594       425  
                       

Net realized gain (loss) on investments

     

Non-Control/Non-Affiliate investments

    37       74       17  

Affiliate investments

    (22 )     23       41  

Control investments

    117       101       117  

Taxes on net realized gain

    (54 )     (6 )     (17 )

Foreign currency transactions

    (6 )     5       —    

Derivative agreements

    (40 )     17       15  
                       

Total net realized gain on investments

    32       214       173  
                       

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of investments

     

Portfolio company investments

    (3,480 )     (126 )     276  

Foreign currency translation

    (41 )     98       32  

Derivative and option agreements

    (119 )     (80 )     (11 )
                       

Total net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of investments

    (3,640 )     (108 )     297  
                       

Total net (loss) gain on investments

    (3,608 )     106       470  
                       

(DECREASE) INCREASE IN NET ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS BEFORE CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF ACCOUNTING CHANGE

    (3,115 )     700       895  

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

    —         —         1  
                       

NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN NET ASSETS RESULTING FROM OPERATIONS (NET (LOSS) EARNINGS)

  $ (3,115 )   $ 700     $ 896  
                       

NET OPERATING INCOME PER COMMON SHARE:

     

Basic

  $ 2.42     $ 3.42     $ 3.15  

Diluted

  $ 2.42     $ 3.36     $ 3.11  

NET (LOSS) EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:

     

Basic

  $ (15.29 )   $ 4.03     $ 6.63  

Diluted

  $ (15.29 )   $ 3.96     $ 6.55  

WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK OUTSTANDING:

     

Basic

    203.7       173.9       135.1  

Diluted

    203.7       176.9       136.8  

DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE

  $ 3.09     $ 3.72     $ 3.33  

 

See accompanying notes.

 

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AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS

(in millions, except per share data)

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006  

Operations:

      

Net operating income

   $ 493     $ 594     $ 425  

Net realized gain on investments

     32       214       173  

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of investments

     (3,640 )     (108 )     297  

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

     —         —         1  
                        

Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations

     (3,115 )     700       896  
                        

Shareholder distributions:

      

Common stock dividends from net operating income

     (493 )     (594 )     (425 )

Common stock dividends in excess of net operating income

     (130 )     (61 )     (29 )
                        

Net decrease in net assets resulting from shareholder distributions

     (623 )     (655 )     (454 )
                        

Capital share transactions:

      

Issuance of common stock

     444       2,001       1,020  

Issuance of common stock under stock option plans

     5       30       44  

Issuance of common stock under dividend reinvestment plan

     —         48       29  

Purchase of common stock held in deferred compensation trusts

     (71 )     (111 )     (124 )

Purchase of treasury stock

     (6 )     —         —    

Deconsolidation of stock held in ECFS deferred compensation trusts

     —         22       —    

Stock-based compensation

     81       62       35  

Other

     (1 )     2       (2 )
                        

Net increase in net assets resulting from capital share transactions

     452       2,054       1,002  
                        

Total (decrease) increase in net assets

     (3,286 )     2,099       1,444  

Net assets at beginning of period

     6,441       4,342       2,898  
                        

Net assets at end of period

   $ 3,155     $ 6,441     $ 4,342  
                        

Net asset value per common share

   $ 15.41     $ 32.88     $ 29.42  
                        

Common shares outstanding at end of period

     204.7       195.9       147.6  
                        

 

See accompanying notes.

 

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AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in millions)

 

    Year Ended December 31,  
    2008     2007     2006  

Operating activities:

     

Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations

  $ (3,115 )   $ 700     $ 896  

Adjustments to reconcile net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations to net cash provided by operating activities:

     

Net unrealized depreciation (appreciation) of investments

    3,640       108       (297 )

Net realized gain on investments

    (32 )     (214 )     (173 )

Accrued payment-in-kind interest and dividends

    (177 )     (207 )     (145 )

Collection of loan origination fees

    15       37       46  

Amortization of deferred finance costs, premiums and discounts

    14       8       8  

Depreciation of property and equipment

    18       8       4  

Stock-based compensation and other deferred compensation expense

    81       71       35  

Decrease (increase) in interest receivable

    14       (23 )     (16 )

Decrease (increase) in other assets

    41       23       (55 )

(Decrease) increase in other liabilities

    (96 )     (4 )     115  

Other

    (20 )     (14 )     (12 )
                       

Net cash provided by operating activities

    383       493       406  
                       

Investing activities:

     

Purchases of investments

    (1,517 )     (6,915 )     (5,773 )

Fundings on portfolio company revolving credit facility investments, net

    (365 )     (112 )     (52 )

Principal repayments

    850       1,887       1,812  

Proceeds from loan syndications and loan sales

    349       1,601       456  

Collection of payment-in-kind notes and dividends and accreted loan discounts

    64       74       77  

Proceeds from sale of equity investments

    913       975       1,102  

Capital expenditures for property and equipment

    (7 )     (35 )     (25 )

Other

    (16 )     18       14  
                       

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

    271       (2,507 )     (2,389 )
                       

Financing activities:

     

(Payments on) proceeds from issuance of notes payable from asset securitizations, net

    (317 )     740       443  

(Draws) payments on revolving credit facilities, net

    (79 )     (100 )     806  

Proceeds from unsecured debt issuance

    —         547       22  

(Repayments of) proceeds from TRS facility, net

    —         (296 )     186  

Increase in deferred financing costs

    (18 )     (14 )     (9 )

Decrease (increase) in debt service escrows

    330       (168 )     (111 )

Issuance of common stock

    449       2,031       1,064  

Purchase of common stock held in deferred compensation trusts

    (71 )     (111 )     (124 )

Purchase of treasury stock

    (6 )     —         —    

Distributions paid

    (819 )     (542 )     (298 )

Payment of federal income tax for deemed capital gain distribution

    (54 )     —         (15 )

Other

    (3 )     —         (1 )
                       

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

    (588 )     2,087       1,963  
                       

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

    66       73       (20 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

    143       77       97  

Cash eliminated with deconsolidation of European Capital Financial Services (Guernsey) Limited

    —         (7 )     —    
                       

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

  $ 209     $ 143     $ 77  
                       

Supplemental Disclosures:

     

Cash paid for interest

  $ 218     $ 260     $ 175  

Cash paid for taxes

  $ 65     $ 10     $ 37  

Non-cash investing activities:

     

Stock proceeds received from sale of equity investments

  $ —       $ 32     $ —    

Non-cash financing activities:

     

Issuance of common stock in conjunction with dividend reinvestment plan

  $ —       $ 48     $ 29  

 

See accompanying notes.

 

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AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

(in millions, except per share data)

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006     2005     2004  

Per Share Data:

          

Net asset value at beginning of the period

   $ 32.88     $ 29.42     $ 24.37     $ 21.11     $ 17.83  
                                        

Net operating income(1)

     2.42       3.42       3.15       3.16       2.88  

Net realized gain (loss) on investments(1)

     0.16       1.23       1.28       0.37       (0.49 )

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation on investments(1)

     (17.87 )     (0.62 )     2.20       0.15       1.30  
                                        

Net (decrease) increase in net assets resulting from operations(1)

     (15.29 )     4.03       6.63       3.68       3.69  

Issuance of common stock

     0.12       2.91       1.96       2.67       2.42  

Shareholder distributions

     (3.09 )     (3.72 )     (3.33 )     (3.08 )     (2.91 )

Other, net(2)

     0.79       0.24       (0.21 )     (0.01 )     0.08  
                                        

Net asset value at end of period

   $ 15.41     $ 32.88     $ 29.42     $ 24.37     $ 21.11  
                                        

Ratio/Supplemental Data:

          

Per share market value at end of period

   $ 3.24     $ 32.96     $ 46.26     $ 36.21     $ 33.35  

Total (loss) gain(3)

     (88.75 )%     (21.42 )%     40.00 %     18.98 %     22.94 %

Shares outstanding at end of period

     204.7       195.9       147.6       118.9       88.7  

Net assets at end of period

   $ 3,155     $ 6,441     $ 4,342     $ 2,898     $ 1,872  

Average net assets(4)

   $ 5,194     $ 5,719     $ 3,643     $ 2,297     $ 1,498  

Average debt outstanding(5)

   $ 4,508     $ 4,572     $ 3,021     $ 1,892     $ 1,000  

Average debt outstanding per common share(1)(5)

   $ 22.13     $ 26.30     $ 22.36     $ 19.05     $ 13.09  

Ratio of operating expenses to average net assets

     10.03 %     11.19 %     11.64 %     9.93 %     7.60 %

Ratio of operating expenses, net of interest expense, to average net assets

     5.79 %     6.17 %     6.42 %     5.55 %     5.14 %

Ratio of interest expense to average net assets

     4.24 %     5.02 %     5.22 %     4.38 %     2.46 %

Ratio of net operating income to average net assets

     9.49 %     10.39 %     11.67 %     13.67 %     14.69 %

 

(1) Weighted average basic per share data.
(2) Represents the impact of (i) the other components in the changes in net assets, including other capital transactions such as the purchase of common stock held in deferred compensation trusts, stock-based compensation, income tax deductions related to the exercise of stock options and distribution of stock awards in excess of GAAP expense credited to additional paid-in capital, repayments of notes receivable from the sale of common stock and the purchase of treasury stock and (ii) the different share amounts used in calculating per share data as a result of calculating certain per share data based upon the weighted average basic shares outstanding during the period and certain per share data based on the shares outstanding as of a period end or transaction date.
(3) Total loss is based on the change in the market value of our common stock taking into account dividends reinvested in accordance with the terms of our dividend reinvestment plan.
(4) Based on the average of ending net assets as of the end of each reporting period.
(5) Based on a daily weighted average balance of debt outstanding during the period.

 

See accompanying notes.

 

100


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

NON-CONTROL / NON-AFFILIATE INVESTMENTS

       

Aerus, LLC

  Household Durables  

Common Membership Warrants(1)

          250,000       $ 0.2   $ —  

Affordable Care Holding Corp.

 

Health Care Providers & Services

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   11/13-11/14     64.6     63.8     64.6
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      70,752       83.9     83.9
   

Common Stock(1)

      17,687,156       17.7     13.1
                              165.4     161.6

Algoma Holding Company

  Building Products  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  12.3%   4/13     13.4     13.2     12.4
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      23,319       —       5.3
                              13.2     17.7

American Acquisition, LLC

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Senior Debt

  12.5%   12/12       26.0     25.6     24.2

AmWins Group, Inc.

  Insurance  

Senior Debt(7)

    6.5%   6/14       18.6     18.6     12.3

Anchor Drilling Fluids USA, Inc.

 

Energy Equipment & Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.3%   4/13     7.9     7.9     7.9
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.5%   4/15     61.1     60.5     60.5
                              68.4     68.4

Aspect Software

  IT Services  

Senior Debt

    9.2%   7/12       20.0     19.9     16.1

Autodis S.A.(3)

  Distributors  

Senior Debt(6)

  10.3%   6/15     4.6     3.8     1.6
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  15.0%   12/15     3.1     2.6     —  
                              6.4     1.6

Avalon Laboratories Holding Corp.

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.0%   1/14     17.1     17.0     17.2
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  18.0%   1/15     21.8     21.2     17.0
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      148,742       24.3     —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      7,829       1.3     —  
                              63.8     34.2

Avanti Park Place LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt

    8.3%   6/10       5.9     6.0     6.0

Axygen Holdings Corporation

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.5%   9/14     61.5     60.8     61.5
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      205,204       45.5     64.2
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      48,736       14.2     14.2
   

Common Stock(1)

      207,770       20.9     24.2
                              141.4     164.1

BBB Industries, LLC

  Auto Components  

Senior Debt(7)

    6.0%   6/14       21.2     21.2     15.6

Belloto Holdings Limited(3)

  Household Durables  

Subordinated Debt

  12.1%   6/17     2.6     2.4     1.7
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  12.3%   6/17     1.3     1.2     0.1
   

PIK Note(1)

  15.0%   12/17     10.0     8.9     —  
   

Ordinary Shares(1)

      32,434       0.1     —  
                              12.6     1.8

Berry-Hill Galleries, Inc.

  Distributors  

Senior Debt

  15.4%   3/10     7.7     7.7     7.7
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

            0.1     0.1
                              7.8     7.8

Blue Wolf Capital Fund II, L.P.

  Capital Markets  

Limited Partnership Interest(1)

                    1.1     1.1

Butler Animal Health Supply, LLC

 

Health Care Providers & Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

    7.8%   7/12       8.0     8.0     6.9

CAMP Systems International, Inc.

  Transportation Infrastructure  

Senior Debt(7)

    9.6%   9/14       30.0     29.7     22.6

Carestream Health, Inc.

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

    7.4%   10/13       15.0     15.0     9.1

 

101


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

CH Holding Corp.

  Leisure Equipment & Products  

Senior Debt(6)

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

    8.0%   5/11   21,215   13.1   13.0

42.7

  5.0

—  

   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      665,000     —     —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      1     —     —  
                            55.7   5.0

Cinelease, Inc.

 

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

 

Senior Debt(7)

    7.8%   3/12-3/13     58.2   57.7   45.8
   

Common Stock(1)

      583     0.6   0.7
                            58.3   46.5

CMX Inc.

 

Construction & Engineering

 

Senior Debt(7)

    6.7%   5/11-5/12     97.1   95.9   66.0
   

Senior Debt(6)(7)

    8.1%   5/12     46.3   46.3   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      35,000     —     —  
                            142.2   66.0

Compusearch Holdings Company, Inc.

  Software  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  12.0%   6/12     12.6   12.4   12.4
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      23,342     0.9   1.5
                            13.3   13.9

Contec. LLC

  Household Durables  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   9/15-9/16       135.0   133.7   127.2

Corrpro Companies, Inc.

 

Construction & Engineering

 

Subordinated Debt

  12.5%   3/11     13.0   11.5   11.6
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      1,165,930     1.7   1.7
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      5,022,576     3.5   8.6
                            16.7   21.9

CyrusOne Networks, LLC

  IT Services  

Senior Debt(7)

    9.1%   1/14       19.9   19.8   17.1

Delsey Holding(3)

 

Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods

 

Senior Debt

    9.5%   2/12       20.7   20.7   23.3

DelStar, Inc.

  Building Products  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   12/12     18.7   18.5   18.7
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      26,613     16.7   33.6
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      29,569     3.4   3.4
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      89,020     16.9   5.0
                            55.5   60.7

Direct Marketing International LLC

  Media  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.2%   7/12       29.3   29.0   29.0

Dyno Holding Corp.

  Auto Components  

Senior Debt(7)

    9.5%   11/13     41.9   41.5   41.9
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  16.0%   11/14     27.4   27.2   27.4
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      389,759     40.5   6.4
   

Common Stock(1)

      97,440     10.1   —  
                            119.3   75.7

Easton Bell Sports LLC

 

Leisure Equipment & Products

 

Common Units(1)

          1,985,748       0.7   4.2

Edline, LLC

  Software  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   7/13     18.1   14.4   18.6
   

Membership Warrants(1)

      6,447,500     6.0   16.0
                            20.4   34.6

FAMS Acquisition, Inc.

  Diversified Financial Services  

Subordinated Debt(7)

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

  14.8%   11/13-11/14   861,364   26.1   25.9

20.9

  26.1

11.0

                            46.8   37.1

FCC Holdings, LLC

  Commercial Banks  

Subordinated Debt

  15.8%   12/12       75.0   74.4   63.8

Foamex, L.P.(2)

  Household Durables  

Senior Debt(6)

    8.3%   2/13-2/14       23.2   22.0   6.2

Ford Motor Company(2)

  Automobiles  

Revolver Commitment

      12/11           (6.7)   (60.4)

 

102


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Formed Fiber Technologies, Inc.

  Auto Components  

Subordinated Debt(6)

  15.0%   8/11     13.9   11.1   3.0
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      122,397     0.1   —  
                            11.2   3.0

FPI Holding Corporation

  Food Products  

Senior Debt

  14.7%   5/11-5/14     23.4   23.3   23.4
   

Senior Debt(6)

  17.3%   5/15     9.1   8.7   5.5
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  21.5%   5/15-5/16     18.6   17.4   —  
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      4,469     39.1   —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      21,715     23.3   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      5,429     5.8   —  
                            117.6   28.9

French Lick Resorts & Casino Hotels, LLC

 

Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure

 

Senior Debt

  10.8%   4/14       31.7   25.7   18.3

FU/WD Opa Locka, LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt

    8.0%   9/17-9/24       32.5   31.0   27.1

Genband Inc.

  Communications Equipment  

Common Stock(1)

          2,975,631       14.7   4.0

Golden Key US LLC

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Commercial Paper(1)

    5.3%   10/07       7.3   7.3   4.0

HMSC Corporation

  Insurance  

Senior Debt(7)

    6.0%   10/14       3.5   3.5   2.0

HomeAway, Inc.

 

Diversified Consumer Services

 

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      384,297     0.7   0.6
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      1,661,820     9.7   26.8
                            10.4   27.4

Hopkins Manufacturing Corporation

  Auto Components  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.3%   7/12     36.9   36.6   35.4
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      2,915     5.9   5.6
                            42.5   41.0

III Exploration II, LP

 

Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels

 

Senior Debt(7)

    8.8%   4/14       20.0   20.0   16.9

Infiltrator Systems, Inc.

  Building Products  

Senior Debt(7)

  16.0%   10/13       37.0   36.6   36.6

Innova Holdings, Inc.

 

Energy Equipment & Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

    9.4%   3/13     11.5   11.4   11.5
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   3/14     17.7   17.5   17.7
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      14,283     21.6   30.8
                            50.5   60.0

Inovis International, Inc.

  Software  

Senior Debt(7)

    8.4%   5/10       88.0   87.5   82.6

Intergraph Corporation

  Software  

Senior Debt(7)

    8.2%   12/14       3.0   3.0   2.7

iTradeNetwork, Inc.

  IT Services  

Senior Debt(7)

  11.5%   12/13       25.0   24.8   24.3

JHCI Acquisition, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

    6.0%   12/14       19.0   19.1   11.7

Jones Stephens Corp.

  Building Products  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  13.5%   9/13-9/14       23.2   22.9   19.5

J-Pac, LLC

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

  12.0%   1/14     15.0   14.8   14.5
   

Subordinated Debt

  18.9%   1/14     9.6   9.3   8.8
   

Common Unit Warrants(1)

      500,000     —     0.1
   

Preferred Unit Warrants(1)

      263,158     0.2   0.1
                            24.3   23.5

KIK Custom Products, Inc.(3)

  Household Products  

Senior Debt(6)

    8.5%   11/14       21.5   21.5   3.6

LabelCorp Holdings, Inc

  Paper & Forest Products  

Senior Debt

    8.1%   8/13-8/14     2.0   1.6   1.1
   

Subordinated Debt

  14.0%   8/15-8/16     60.5   59.9   57.0
                            61.5   58.1

 

103


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

LCW Holdings, LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt

    8.4%   10/12     31.5   30.5   32.9
   

Warrant(1)

      12.3%     0.9   5.4
                            31.4   38.3

LJVH Holdings Inc.(3)

  Beverages  

Senior Debt(7)

    7.0%   1/15       28.5   28.6   21.4

LN Acquisition Corp.

  Machinery  

Senior Debt(7)

    6.8%   1/15       21.5   21.6   15.9

Logex Corporation

  Road & Rail  

Subordinated Debt(6)

  12.2%   3/09       12.8   9.1   0.2

LTM Enterprises, Inc.

  Personal Products  

Senior Debt(7)

  10.2%   11/11       19.0   19.0   17.0

MagnaCare Holdings, Inc.

 

Health Care Providers & Services

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.8%   1/13       14.0   13.9   13.9

Medical Billing Holdings, Inc.

   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   9/13     10.7   10.5   10.7
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      13,199,000     13.2   13.7
   

Common Stock(1)

      3,299,582     3.3   —  
                            27.0   24.4

MGM Holdings II, Inc.

  Media  

Senior Debt(6)

    4.7%   6/11       2.0   1.7   0.9

Mirion Technologies

  Electrical Equipment  

Senior Debt(7)

    7.2%   5/10-11/11     124.7   124.2   126.1
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.2%   9/09-5/12     50.8   50.5   50.9
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      435,724     48.5   93.7
   

Common Stock(1)

      24,503     2.8   3.6
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      222,156     18.6   31.0
                            244.6   305.3

Mitchell International, Inc.

  IT Services  

Senior Debt(7)

    6.8%   3/15       5.0   5.0   3.3

National Processing Company Group, Inc.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.7%   9/14       53.0   52.8   38.8

NBD Holdings Corp.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Senior Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   8/13     45.7   45.2   45.2
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      84,174     10.4   10.4
   

Common Stock(1)

      633,408     0.1   0.1
                            55.7   55.7

Net1 Las Colinas Manager, LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt

    7.7%   10/15       5.1   5.2   4.8

Nivel Holdings, LLC

  Distributors  

Senior Debt(7)

  10.6%   10/13       62.2   61.7   57.5

Orchard Brands Corporation

  Internet & Catalog Retail  

Senior Debt(7)

  13.5%   4/13-4/14     308.8   305.9   211.0
   

Subordinated Debt

  10.0%   4/14     60.2   60.2   32.1
   

Common Stock(1)

      565,885     —     0.1
                            366.1   243.2

Pan Am International Flight Academy, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Subordinated Debt(6)(7)

  18.0%   7/13     28.6   25.2   21.3
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      8,234     8.2   —  
                            33.4   21.3

Panavision, Inc.

 

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

 

Senior Debt

    6.6%   3/11       2.0   1.7   1.1

PaR Systems, Inc.

  Machinery  

Senior Debt

    4.7%   7/13       4.7   4.5   4.5

Phillips & Temro Industries, Inc.

  Auto Components  

Senior Debt(7)

  12.8%   12/10-12/11     23.8   23.7   23.7
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  16.3%   12/12     17.4   17.4   17.4
                            41.1   41.1

Qioptiq S.A.R.L.(3)

 

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

 

Subordinated Debt

  10.2%   3/18       29.3   29.0   29.0

Ranpak Acquisition Company

  Containers & Packaging  

Senior Debt(7)

    8.8%   12/13-12/14       142.2   140.9   114.0

 

104


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

RDR Holdings, Inc.

  Household Durables  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.4%   10/14-10/15     216.8   215.0   216.8
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      154,142     164.4   122.9
   

Common Stock(1)

      1,541,415     1.5   —  
                            380.9   339.7

Roarke - Money Mailer, LLC

  Media  

Common Membership Units(1)

          3.5%       0.9   1.3

Scanner Holdings Corporation

  Computers & Peripherals  

Senior Debt(7)

    5.3%   5/12-5/13     11.9   11.6   11.9
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   5/14     20.7   20.5   20.7
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      77,640,000     7.8   7.4
   

Common Stock(1)

      78,242     0.1   —  
                            40.0   40.0

Securus Technologies, Inc.

 

Diversified Telecommunication Services

 

Common Stock(1)

          12       0.7   —  

Seroyal Holdings, L.P.(3)

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

 

Redeemable Preferred Partnership Units

      26,274     0.5   0.6
   

Partnership Units(1)

      95,280     0.8   1.4
                            1.3   2.0

Sleep Innovations, Inc.(9)

  Household Durables  

Senior Debt

  11.0%   4/9     2.3   2.3   2.3
   

Senior Debt(6)

    7.9%   4/09-4/14     30.6   22.9   6.8
                            25.2   9.1

Small Smiles Holding Company, LLC

 

Health Care Providers & Services

 

Senior Debt

    5.6%   9/12     12.1   7.0   5.2
   

Subordinated Debt(6)(7)

  15.0%   9/13-9/14     100.5   87.9   —  
                            94.9   5.2

Soil Safe Holdings, LLC

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt

    9.1%   8/13-8/14     52.2   51.7   50.0
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.7%   8/15-8/17     58.5   57.9   54.5
                            109.6   104.5

Spectrum Brands, Inc.(2)

  Household Products  

Senior Debt(6)

  6.6 %   3/13       8.7   8.3   5.0

Supreme Corq Holdings, LLC

  Household Products  

Common Membership Warrants(1)

          5,670       0.4   —  

Swank Audio Visuals, L.L.C.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

    8.9%   8/14       48.5   48.1   31.7

Tanenbaum-Harber Co. Holdings, Inc.

   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      376     0.5   0.5
   

Common Stock(1)

      3,861     —     —  
                            0.5   0.5

TestAmerica Environmental Services, LLC

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

    5.9%   12/11-12/13     11.1   10.9   9.5
   

Senior Debt(6)(7)

    9.2%   12/13     21.2   20.9   —  
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  14.0%   12/14     41.7   39.5   —  
   

Preferred Unit(1)

      11,659,298     6.9   —  
   

Preferred Unit Warrants(1)

      1,998,961     4.8   —  
                            83.0   9.5

The Tensar Corporation

 

Construction & Engineering

 

Senior Debt(7)

    8.5%   5/13     82.0   81.2   60.0
   

Subordinated Debt

  17.5%   10/13     43.5   43.2   38.1
                            124.4   98.1

ThreeSixty Sourcing, Inc.(3)

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Common Stock Warrants(1)

          35       4.1   1.3

TransFirst Holdings, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

    7.5%   6/15       50.0   49.6   39.3

 

105


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

triVIN, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   6/14-6/15     19.9   19.7   19.9
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      247,000,000     26.3   16.6
   

Common Stock(1)

      6,319,923     6.3   —  
                            52.3   36.5

True Temper Sports, Inc.

 

Leisure Equipment & Products

 

Senior Debt

    9.3%   6/11       2.0   1.9   1.3

Tyden Caymen Holdings Corp.

 

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.5%   5/10-11/11     12.0   11.9   12.0
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  13.8%   5/12     14.5   14.4   14.6
   

Common Stock(1)

      1,165,930     1.1   2.9
                            27.4   29.5

Velocity Financial Group, Inc.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Debt

  15.0%   4/14     17.8   17.6   17.6
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      11,659,298     20.4   8.7
                            38.0   26.3

Venus Swimwear, Inc.

  Internet & Catalog Retail  

Senior Debt

    9.7%   12/11-12/12     21.9   21.6   17.6
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  20.0%   12/13     25.4   19.2   1.3
                            40.8   18.9

WRH, Inc.

 

Life Sciences Tools & Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

    5.7%   9/13-9/14     4.3   4.3   4.3
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.7%   7/14-9/14     81.7   81.0   81.4
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      2,008,575     226.0   226.0
   

Common Stock(1)

      502,144     49.9   20.6
                            361.2   332.3

WWC Acquisitions, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

    7.2%   12/11-12/13       34.0   33.6   26.7

Zencon Holdings Corporation

 

Internet Software & Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

    6.5%   5/13     17.2   17.1   17.2
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.3%   5/14     21.0   20.8   21.0
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      5,246,686     7.5   16.5
                            45.4   54.7

ZSF/WD Fitzgerald, LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt

    8.2%   9/24       1.2   1.1   0.6

ZSF/WD Hammond, LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt

    8.0%   9/17-9/24       40.7   38.9   33.2

ZSF/WD Jacksonville, LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt

    8.1%   9/17-9/24       20.5   19.5   15.9

ZSF/WD Montgomery-31, LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt

    8.0%   9/17-9/24       33.8   32.2   27.9

ZSF/WD Opa Locka, LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt

    8.2%   9/24       0.4   0.4   0.1

ZSF/WD Orlando, LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt

    8.1%   9/17-9/24       20.8   19.7   16.2

CMBS AND REAL ESTATE CDO INVESTMENTS

       

ACAS CRE CDO 2007-1, Ltd.

  Real Estate  

Class C through Class N Notes

Preferred Shares

    5.7%   11/31   417,086,293   345.5   201.1

17.7

  13.7

4.2

                            218.8   17.9

Banc of America

  Real Estate  

Forward Purchase commitment to purchase Banc of America Commercial Mortgage Trust 2007-1, Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates ($5.8 Fair Value)

      4/09           18.2   3.7

CD 2007-CD4 Commercial Mortgage Trust

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.7%   4/17       14.1   8.8   1.3

 

106


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

CD 2007-CD5 Mortgage Trust

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    6.2%   12/17       14.8   10.2   2.1

Citigroup Commercial Mortgage Securites Trust 2007-C6

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.5%   7/17       152.9   68.1   16.4

COBALT CMBS Commercial Mortgage Trust 2007-C3

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.2%   10/17       11.1   8.6   0.8

Countrywide Commercial Mortgage Trust 2007-MF1

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    6.1%   11/37-11/40       24.0   9.3   1.8

Credit Suisse Commercial Mortgage Trust 2007-C3

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.6%   7/17       13.2   10.6   1.0

Credit Suisse Commercial Mortgage Trust Series 2007-C4

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.8%   8/17       20.8   12.1   4.6

GE Commercial Mortgage Corporation, Series 2007-C1

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.5%   12/19       37.0   31.4   3.4

GS Morgtage Securities Trust 2006-GG10

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.7%   7/17       63.7   52.3   4.7

J.P. Morgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust 2007-LDP11

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.6%   7/17       142.7   62.7   11.7

J.P. Morgan Chase

     

Forward Purchase commitment to purchase J.P. Morgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust 2007-LDP11, Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates ($1.9 Fair Value)

      1/09-5/09           7.2   0.8

J.P. Morgan Chase

     

Forward Purchase commitment to purchase ML-CFC Commercial Mortgage Trust 2007-6, Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates ($0.9 Fair Value)

      1/09           2.9   0.6

LB-UBS Commercial Mortgage Trust 2007-C6

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    6.2%   8/17       36.6   22.1   4.9

LB-UBS Commercial Mortgage Trust 2008-C1

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    6.2%   7/23-7/24       19.4   7.3   2.4

ML-CFC Commercial Mortgage Trust 2007-8

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    6.0%   8/17       32.8   19.5   4.4

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust 2007-C31

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.8%   5/17       20.0   11.4   2.8

 

107


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust, Series 2007-C32

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.7%   10/17       161.6   76.1   13.4

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust, Series 2007-C34

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.3%   10/17-9/24       96.2   43.4   8.3

Wachovia Bank Commercial Trust 2006-C28

  Real Estate  

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    6.0%   11/16       5.0   3.1   0.5

CLO INVESTMENTS

       

ACAS CLO 2007-1, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Secured Notes

        8.5   8.4   1.3
   

Subordinated Notes

        25.9   23.0   8.2
                            31.4   9.5

Ares IIIR/IVR CLO Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

              20.0   16.8   5.1

Ares VIII CLO, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preference Shares

          6,241       4.3   1.1

Avalon Capital Ltd. 3

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preferred Securities

          13,796       4.5   1.7

Babson CLO Ltd. 2006-II

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Income Notes

              15.0   13.4   5.7

BALLYROCK CLO 2006-2 LTD.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Deferrable Notes

              2.5   2.1   0.5

Cent CDO 12 Limited

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Income Notes

              26.4   22.6   8.3

Centurion CDO 8 Limited

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

              5.0   3.1   1.4

Champlain CLO

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preferred Securities

          1,000,000       0.5   0.1

CoLTs 2005-1 Ltd.(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preference Shares(1)

          360       6.7   3.0

CoLTs 2005-2 Ltd.(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preference Shares

          34,170,000       29.3   7.8

CREST Exeter Street Solar 2004-2

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preferred Securities

          3,089,177       2.7   0.3

Eaton Vance CDO X PLC(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Secured Subordinated Income Notes

              15.0   13.0   4.3

Essex Park CDO Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preferred Securities

          5,750,000       1.8   1.3

Flagship CLO V

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Deferrable Notes

        1.7   1.3   0.3
   

Subordinated Securities

      15,000     13.2   4.0
                            14.5   4.3

Galaxy III CLO, Ltd

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

              4.0   2.3   0.9

LightPoint CLO IV, LTD

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Income Notes

              6.7   6.2   0.7

LightPoint CLO VIII, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Deferrable Notes

              7.0   6.5   1.7

LightPoint CLO VII, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

          90       7.6   3.2

 

108


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Mayport CLO Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Income Notes

              14.0     12.1     4.0

NYLIM Flatiron CLO 2006-1 LTD.(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Securities

              10.0     8.9     3.2

Octagon Investment Partners VII, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preferred Securities

          5,000,000         2.1     0.8

Sapphire Valley CDO I, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

              14.0     12.4     4.8

Vitesse CLO, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preferred Securities

          20,000,000         15.2     3.8

Subtotal Non-Control / Non-Affiliate Investments (58% of total investment assets and liabilities at fair value)

      $ 5,904.1   $ 4,182.0

AFFILIATE INVESTMENTS

       

Aptara, Inc.

  IT Services  

Senior Debt

  11.5%   8/09     3.0     3.0     3.0
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  16.3%   8/09     43.5     43.3     43.3
   

Subordinated Debt(6)(7)

  19.0%   8/09     11.8     10.0     3.7
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      15,107       14.1     —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      2,549,410       8.8     —  
   

Preferred Stock Warrants(1)

      230,681       1.0     —  
                              80.2     50.0

Coghead, Inc.

 

Internet Software & Services

 

Subordinated Debt

  10.0%   4/09     0.1     0.1     0.1
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      5,489,656       2.6     0.2
   

Preferred Stock Warrants

      1       —       —  
                              2.7     0.3

Creditcards.com, Inc.

 

Diversified Consumer Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.0%   6/13     140.9     140.1     136.1
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   6/14     28.4     28.0     26.6
   

Common Stock(1)

      1,094,645       1.6     4.2
                              169.7     166.9

Egenera, Inc.

  Computers & Peripherals  

Subordinated Debt

  15.0%   12/10     2.8     2.4     2.4
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      523,040       0.4     9.7
   

Common Stock(1)

      8,046,865       25.0     —  
                              27.8     12.1

HALT Medical, Inc.

  Health Care Equipment & Supplies  

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

          5,053,292         8.1     8.7

IS Holdings I, Inc.

  Software  

Senior Debt(7)

    7.9%   6/14     20.0     19.8     15.6
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      1,297       1.6     1.5
   

Common Stock(1)

      1,165,930       —       4.6
                              21.4     21.7

Narus, Inc.

 

Internet Software & Services

 

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      23,583,196       8.4     2.1
   

Preferred Stock Warrants(1)

      5,440,881       —       —  
                              8.4     2.1

Nursery Supplies, Inc.

  Containers & Packaging  

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      2,116       —       —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      625       —       —  
                              —       —  

Primrose Holding Corporation

 

Diversified Consumer Services

 

Common Stock(1)

          4,213         2.7     7.4

Qualitor Component Holdings, LLC

  Auto Components  

Subordinated Debt(7)

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

  17.0%   12/12   3,150,000   35.6    

 

35.3

3.1

   

 

35.9

1.1

   

Common Units(1)

      350,000       0.4     —  
                              38.8     37.0

 

109


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Radar Detection Holdings Corp.

  Household Durables  

Senior Debt(7)

Common Stock(1)

    9.4%   11/12   40,688   13.0    

 

13.0

0.6

   

 

9.5

0.6

                              13.6     10.1

Roadrunner Dawes, Inc.

  Road & Rail  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  18.0%   9/12     19.3     19.2     19.2
   

Common Stock(1)

      7,000       7.0     0.1
                              26.2     19.3

Tymphany Corporation

 

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

 

Senior Debt(1)

    0.0%   4/09       2.2     2.2     —  

WFS Holding, Inc.

  Software  

Convertible Preferred Stock

          20,403,772         2.8     2.8

Subtotal Affiliate Investments (5% of total investment assets and liabilities at fair value)

      $ 404.6   $ 338.4

CONTROL INVESTMENTS

       

ACAS Equity Holdings Corp.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Common Stock(1)

          589         14.7     4.3

ACAS Real Estate Holdings Corporation

  Real Estate  

Subordinated Debt

Common Stock(1)

  15.0%   5/16  

 

1,000

  0.8    

 

0.8

5.4

   

 

—  

—  

                              6.2     —  

American Capital Agency Corp.(2)(8)

 

Real Estate Investment Trusts

 

Common Stock

          5,000,100         100.0     101.5

American Capital, LLC

  Capital Markets  

Senior Debt

    7.7%   9/12     10.6     10.4     10.6
   

Common Membership Interest

      100%       58.5     164.7
                              68.9     175.3

American Driveline Systems, Inc.

 

Diversified Consumer Services

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   12/14-12/15     41.7     41.2     41.7
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      403,357       28.4     44.1
   

Common Stock(1)

      128,681       10.8     2.7
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      204,663       17.3     4.2
                              97.7     92.7

Auxi Health, Inc.

 

Health Care Providers & Services

 

Subordinated Debt(6)

    5.8%   3/09       8.9     3.2     1.1

Barton-Cotton Holding Corporation

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Subordinated Debt(6)

  14.0%   9/14     34.1     28.6     —  
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      28,263       15.7     —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      66,551       6.7     —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      607       0.1     —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      125,610       12.5     —  
   

Guarantee

            —       (10.0)
                              63.6     (10.0)

Capital.com, Inc.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Common Stock(1)

          8,500,100         1.5     0.4

CIBT Travel Solutions, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt

    5.9%   1/13-1/14     74.8     74.0     74.8
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   1/10-1/16     43.1     42.7     43.1
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      776,800       77.7     35.2
   

Common Stock(1)

      194,200       19.4     —  
                              213.8     153.1

Consolidated Bedding, Inc.

  Household Durables  

Senior Debt

  11.4%   6/13     10.7     10.5     10.2
   

Senior Debt(6)

  11.4%   6/13     113.1     103.7     23.0
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  21.7%   12/13     92.0     78.4     —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      16,423       3.0     —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      471,470       —       —  
                              195.6     33.2

 

110


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Contour Semiconductor, Inc.

 

Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment

 

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

          9,738,995       10.0   10.6

Core Business Credit, LLC

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Debt

  14.1%   5/15     19.5   19.3   19.3
   

Convertible Preferred Units(1)

      155,150     15.5   16.1
   

Common Units(1)

      38,788     3.9   3.3
                            38.7   38.7

ECA Acquisition Holdings, Inc

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  16.5%   12/14     13.0   12.9   13.0
   

Common Stock(1)

      583     11.1   5.1
                            24.0   18.1

eLynx Holdings, Inc.

  IT Services  

Senior Debt(7)

    9.8%   6/13     9.6   9.5   9.6
   

Subordinated Debt(6)(7)

  10.0%   6/13     14.6   13.4   1.4
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      21,114     9.0   —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      7,929     6.0   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      11,261     1.1   —  
   

Preferred Stock Warrants(1)

      120,652     —     —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      1,078,792     13.1   —  
                            52.1   11.0

Endeavor Fund I, LP

 

Thrifts & Mortgage Finance

 

Partnership Interest

          100%       29.7   20.9

ETG Holdings, Inc.

  Containers & Packaging  

Senior Debt(6)

  10.4%   5/11     13.4   10.8   2.6
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  14.3%   5/12-5/13     15.8   10.9   —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      233,201     11.4   —  
   

Preferred Stock Warrants(1)

      40,000     —     —  
                            33.1   2.6

European Capital Limited(2)(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Senior Debt

    7.5%   11/09-2/11     363.6   358.7   363.6
   

Ordinary Shares

      72,305,938     921.8   116.9
                            1,280.5   480.5

European Touch, LTD. II

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Subordinated Debt

  12.0%   12/10     3.1   3.1   3.1
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  18.1%   12/10     20.5   15.6   2.2
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      263     0.3   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      1,688     0.9   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      7,105     3.7   —  
                            23.6   5.3

EXPL Pipeline Holdings LLC

 

Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels

 

Senior Debt

    9.6%   1/17     42.3   41.9   42.3
   

Common Membership Units(1)

      58,297     44.5   12.0
                            86.4   54.3

Fosbel Global Services (LUXCO) S.C.A(3)

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   12/13     19.6   19.6   19.6
   

Subordinated Debt(6)(7)

  17.0%   12/14     18.6   15.5   15.7
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      18,449,456     18.5   —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      1,519,368     3.0   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      108,526     0.2   —  
                            56.8   35.3

Fountainhead Estate Holding Corp.(3)

 

Internet Software & Services

 

Senior Debt

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

    5.7%   10/13   115,538   24.5   24.5

11.6

  24.5

11.6

   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      59,250     59.3   2.6
                            95.4   38.7

 

111


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

FreeConferenceroom.com, Inc.

 

Diversified Telecommunication Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

    8.3%   4/11-5/11     14.8   14.7   14.9
   

Subordinated Debt

  15.0%   5/12     10.1   10.0   10.1
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      14,042,095     12.8   4.5
   

Common Stock(1)

      6,088,229     2.3   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      8,181,695     —     —  
                            39.8   29.5

Future Food, Inc.

  Food Products  

Senior Debt

    6.9%   7/10     17.2   17.2   17.3
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  12.4%   7/11-7/12     13.5   12.5   3.8
   

Common Stock(1)

      64,917     13.0   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      6,500     1.3   —  
                            44.0   21.1

FutureLogic, Inc.

  Computers & Peripherals  

Senior Debt(7)

    9.7%   2/10-2/12     48.2   48.0   48.2
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   2/13     32.6   32.3   32.6
   

Common Stock(1)

      129,514     15.6   3.7
                            95.9   84.5

FV Holdings Corporation

  Food Products  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.5%   6/15     23.1   23.1   23.1
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      292,000     14.3   23.8
   

Common Stock(1)

      125,000     6.1   10.2
                            43.5   57.1

Group Montana, Inc.

 

Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.4%   10/10-10/11     16.1   16.1   16.1
   

Senior Debt(6)(7)

  12.9%   10/11     5.1   4.8   2.1
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  25.0%   10/12     18.8   13.6   —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      4,000     1.0   —  
   

Common Membership Interest(1)

      2.5%     0.7   —  
                            36.2   18.2

Halex Holdings Corp.

  Construction Materials  

Senior Debt(6)

  13.5%   9/11-10/13     24.9   23.4   9.9
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  18.8%   8/15     24.3   15.9   —  
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      23,213,046     30.2   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      30,263,219     —     —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      18,750,000     —     —  
                            69.5   9.9

Hartstrings Holdings Corp.

 

Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods

 

Senior Debt(1)

    0.0%   12/10     13.5   13.5   13.5
   

Senior Debt(6)

    0.0%   12/10     2.9   2.7   0.7
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      10,196     3.0   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      14,250     4.8   —  
                            24.0   14.2

Imperial Supplies Holdings, Inc.

 

Trading Companies and Distributors

 

Subordinated Debt

  16.0%   10/14     22.1   21.9   21.9
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      19,604     14.7   21.6
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      19,604     20.2   8.1
   

Common Stock(1)

      442,187     11.3   —  
                            68.1   51.6

Kingway Inca Clymer Holdings, Inc.

  Building Products  

Subordinated Debt(6)

  12.3%   4/12     1.8   —     —  
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      13,709     9.2   0.7
   

Common Stock(1)

      7,826     —     —  
                            9.2   0.7

 

112


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Lifoam Holdings, Inc.

 

Leisure Equipment & Products

 

Senior Debt

    8.0%   6/13     22.2   22.2   22.2
   

Subordinated Debt

    7.8%   6/13     18.3   18.3   18.2
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

    8.3%   6/13     18.4   15.9   2.3
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      6,160     4.2   —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      15,797     12.2   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      14,000     1.4   —  
   

Preferred Stock Warrants(1)

      15,640     —     —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      434,938     2.9   —  
                            77.1   42.7

LLSC Holdings Corporation

  Personal Products  

Senior Debt(7)

    7.7%   8/12     5.5   5.5   5.5
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  12.0%   8/13     5.5   5.5   5.5
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      7,496     8.1   4.7
   

Common Stock(1)

      833     —     —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      675     —     —  
                            19.1   15.7

LVI Holdings, LLC

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

    8.9%   2/10     2.4   2.4   2.3
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  18.0%   2/13     11.4   11.3   11.4
                            13.7   13.7

Montgomery Lane, LLC (DE LLC)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Common Membership Units(1)

          100       10.3   6.8

Montgomery Lane, LTD (Cayman)(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Common Membership Units(1)

          50,000       7.2   0.8

MW Acquisition Corporation

 

Health Care Providers & Services

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  11.3%   2/13-2/14     25.0   24.7   25.0
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      38,016     13.5   13.9
   

Common Stock(1)

      51,521     —     0.1
                            38.2   39.0

NECCO Holdings, Inc.

  Food Products  

Senior Debt

  13.4%   12/12     4.1   4.1   4.1
   

Common Stock(1)

      760,869     0.1   0.1
                            4.2   4.2

NECCO Realty Investments, LLC

  Real Estate  

Senior Debt(7)

  14.0%   12/17     37.7   37.0   37.7
   

Common Membership Units(1)

      7,000     4.9   9.8
                            41.9   47.5

Oceana Media Finance, LLC

  Commercial Banks  

Common Membership Units(1)

          145,742       14.6   11.4

Paradigm Precision Holdings, LLC

  Aerospace & Defense  

Senior Debt

    6.4%   2/09     19.2   19.1   19.1
   

Subordinated Debt

  18.7%   10/13-10/14     93.7   92.8   92.8
   

Common Membership Units(1)

      478,488     17.5   6.1
                            129.4   118.0

PHC Sharp Holdings, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

    7.7%   12/11-12/12     16.0   15.8   16.0
   

Subordinated Debt

  17.0%   12/14     8.3   8.3   8.3
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  19.0%   12/14     8.4   7.3   0.5
   

Common Stock(1)

      367,881     4.2   —  
                            35.6   24.8

PHI Acquisitions, Inc.

  Internet & Catalog Retail  

Senior Debt(7)

    8.0%   6/12     10.0   9.9   10.0
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  12.7%   6/13     23.6   23.4   23.6
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      36,267     24.6   19.2
   

Common Stock(1)

      40,295     3.9   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      116,065     11.6   —  
                            73.4   52.8

 

113


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Piper Aircraft, Inc.

  Aerospace & Defense  

Subordinated Debt

    8.0%   7/13     0.7   0.2   0.7
   

Common Stock(1)

      478,797     0.1   22.6
                            0.3   23.3

Resort Funding Holdings, Inc.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Senior Debt

    9.2%   4/10     10.6   10.6   10.6
   

Common Stock(1)

      583     20.5   1.2
                            31.1   11.8

Sixnet, LLC

 

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

 

Senior Debt(7)

    9.8%   6/12-6/13     37.4   37.0   34.4
   

Membership Units(1)

      356     4.5   7.2
                            41.5   41.6

SMG Holdings, Inc.

 

Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure

 

Senior Debt(7)

    6.9%   7/14     5.9   5.9   5.9
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  12.5%   6/15     119.4   118.5   119.5
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      1,101,673     121.5   102.9
   

Common Stock(1)

      275,419     27.5   —  
                            273.4   228.3

Specialty Brands of America, Inc.

  Food Products  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   5/14     34.1   33.8   34.1
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      122,017     8.2   13.8
   

Common Stock(1)

      128,175     2.3   4.0
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      56,819     1.4   1.8
                            45.7   53.7

SPL Acquisition Corp.

  Pharmaceuticals  

Senior Debt

    7.0%   10/12-10/13     83.9   83.0   83.9
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.3%   8/14-8/15     49.9   49.3   49.9
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      84,043     48.0   48.0
   

Common Stock(1)

      84,043     —     10.4
                            180.3   192.2

Stravina Holdings, Inc.

  Personal Products  

Senior Debt(6)

    0.0%   4/11       3.5   3.5   —  

UFG Holding Corp.

  Food Products  

Subordinated Debt

  16.5%   5/15     27.9   27.4   27.4
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  20.1%   5/16     35.4   31.3   18.7
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      20,602     12.6   —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      4,777     4.6   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      51,504     13.2   —  
   

Guarantee

          —     (1.5)
                            89.1   44.6

UFG Real Estate Holdings, LLC

  Real Estate  

Common Membership(1)

                  —     1.4

Unique Fabricating Incorporated

  Auto Components  

Senior Debt(7)

  11.5%   2/10-2/12     5.3   5.2   5.3
   

Subordinated Debt(6)(7)

  17.0%   2/13     7.7   6.5   0.5
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      292,958     1.6   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      6,862     0.2   —  
                            13.5   5.8

Unwired Holdings, Inc.

  Household Durables  

Senior Debt

  10.2%   6/10-6/11     10.4   10.3   10.4
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  15.0%   6/12-6/13     21.5   14.0   0.6
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      14,630     14.6   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      126,001     1.3   —  
   

Preferred Stock Warrants(1)

      485,133     —     —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      5,479,077     —     —  
                            40.2   11.0

VP Acquisition Holdings, Inc.

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.5%   10/13-10/14     19.5   19.3   19.5
   

Common Stock(1)

      19,780     24.7   45.1
                            44.0   64.6

 

114


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date

 

# of
shares/
units
owned

 

Principal

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Warner Power, LLC

  Electrical Equipment  

Subordinated Debt(7)

  12.6%   10/09     5.0     5.0     5.0
   

Redeemable Preferred Membership Units

      3,796,269       4.8     5.5
   

Common Membership Units(1)

      27,400       1.9     6.0
                              11.7     16.5

WIS Holding Company, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.8%   1/14-1/15     103.8     103.0     103.8
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      703,406       82.3     132.6
   

Common Stock(1)

      175,852       17.6     30.2
                              202.9     266.6

WSACS RR Holdings LLC

  Real Estate  

Common Membership Units(1)

          3,170,176         3.2     3.2

CDO / CLO INVESTMENTS

       

ACAS Wachovia Investments, L.P.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Partnership Interest

          90%         11.5     1.4

Subtotal Control Investments (40% of total investment assets and liabilities at fair value)

          $ 4,382.3   $ 2,897.8

Counterparty (4)

 

Instrument

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Expiration
Date (5)

 

# of
contracts

 

Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

DERIVATIVE AGREEMENTS    

Citibank, N.A.

 

Interest Rate Swaption - Pay Floating/ Receive Fixed

  4.6%   4/12-11/19   2   43.5     —       3.8

Wachovia Bank, N.A.

 

Interest Rate Swap - Pay Fixed/ Receive Floating

  5.1%   8/19   1   37.0     —       3.8

BMO Financial Group

 

Interest Rate Swaption - Pay Floating/ Receive Fixed

  5.5%   11/12   1   22.9     —       1.1

Subtotal Derivative Agreements (less than 1% of total investment assets and liabilities at fair value)

        —       8.7

Total Investment Assets

  $ 10,691.0   $ 7,426.9
DERIVATIVE & OPTION AGREEMENTS    

Citibank, N.A.

 

Interest Rate Swap - Pay Fixed/ Receive Floating

  4.8%   4/12-11/19   4   666.9     —       (45.9)

BMO Financial Group

 

Interest Rate Swap - Pay Fixed/ Receive Floating

  5.4%   2/13-8/17   5   479.9     —       (43.5)

Wachovia Bank, N.A.

 

Interest Rate Swap - Pay Fixed/ Receive Floating

  4.9%   1/14-8/19   3   379.1     —       (33.0)

UniCredit Group

 

Interest Rate Swap - Pay Fixed/ Receive Floating

  5.7%   7/17   1   66.0     —       (10.6)

WestLB AG

 

Interest Rate Swap - Pay Fixed/ Receive Floating

  5.8%   6/17   1   55.0     —       (8.3)

Credit Suisse International

 

Interest Rate Swap - Pay Fixed/ Receive Floating

  5.8%   6/17   1   26.1     —       (3.9)

Fortis Financial Services LLC

 

Interest Rate Swap - Pay Fixed/ Receive Floating

  5.7%   7/17   1   22.3     —       (5.9)

Citibank, N.A.

 

Foreign Exchange Swap - Pay Euros/ Receive GBP

    2/11   1       —       (1.5)

European Capital Limited(2)(3)

 

Put Option

    12/10         (19.7)     (69.4)

Total Investment Liabilities (3% of total investment assets and liabilities at fair value)

  $ (19.7)   $ (222.0)

 

(1) Non-income producing.
(2) Publicly traded company or a consolidated subsidiary of a public company.
(3) International investment.
(4) Certain of the securities are issued by affiliate(s) of the listed portfolio company.
(5) Interest rates represent the weighted average annual stated interest rate on loans and debt securities, which are presented by the nature of indebtedness by a single issuer. The maturity dates represent the earliest and the latest maturity dates.
(6) Debt security is on non-accrual status and therefore considered non-income producing.
(7) All or a portion of the securities are pledged as collateral under various secured financing arrangements.
(8) 2,500,100 shares with a cost of $50.0 and a fair value of $48.1 are restricted for sale until May 2009.
(9) Portfolio company has filed for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code.

 

115


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

NON-CONTROL/NON-AFFILIATE INVESTMENTS

         

Aerus, LLC

  Household Durables  

Common Membership Warrants(1)

          250,000         $ 0.2   $ —  

Affordable Care Holding Corp.

 

Health Care Providers & Services

  Subordinated Debt(7)   15.0%   11/13-11/14     $ 52.8     52.1     52.1
    Convertible Preferred Stock       70,752       77.4     92.4
    Common Stock(1)       17,687,156       17.7     23.1
                                147.2     167.6

Algoma Holding Company

  Building Products   Subordinated Debt(7)   13.8%   4/13       13.0     12.9     12.9
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      23,319       —       7.8
                                12.9     20.7

American Acquisition, LLC

 

Diversified Financial Services

  Senior Debt   14.7%   12/13         13.0     12.5     12.5

AmWins Group, Inc.

  Insurance   Senior Debt(7)   11.1%   6/14         18.6     18.6     18.6

Aspect Software

  IT Services   Senior Debt   12.3%   7/12         20.0     19.8     19.8

Astrodyne Corporation

  Electrical Equipment   Senior Debt(7)   13.2%   4/11       6.5     6.4     6.4
    Subordinated Debt(7)   12.0%   4/12       11.0     10.9     10.9
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      1       —       —  
    Convertible Preferred Stock       322,208       6.8     11.3
                                24.1     28.6

Avanti Park Place LLC

  Real Estate   Senior Debt     8.3%   6/10         6.3     6.3     6.3

Axygen Holdings Corporation

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

  Subordinated Debt(7)   14.5%   9/14       60.0     59.2     59.2
    Redeemable Preferred Stock       205,204       40.5     40.5
    Convertible Preferred Stock       48,736       13.5     13.5
    Common Stock(1)       2,566       0.3     0.4
    Common Stock Warrants(1)       205,204       19.1     47.7
                                132.6     161.3

Barton-Cotton Holding Corporation

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Subordinated Debt(7)   14.0%   9/14       29.6     29.2     29.2
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      28,263       15.7     19.8
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      67,158       6.7     —  
    Common Stock Warrants(1)       125,610       12.6     3.5
                                64.2     52.5

BBB Industries, LLC

  Auto Components   Senior Debt(7)   10.8%   6/14         21.2     21.2     21.2

Belloto Holdings Limited(3)

  Household Durables   Subordinated Debt   15.1%   6/17       3.8     3.7     3.7
    PIK Note(1)   15.0%   12/17         9.0     9.1
    Ordinary Shares(1)       32,434       0.1     0.1
                                12.8     12.9

Berry-Hill Galleries, Inc.

  Distributors   Senior Debt(7)     8.1%   9/08-3/12       37.2     36.9     36.9
    Common Stock Warrants(1)             0.1     0.1
                                37.0     37.0

BLI Partners, LLC

  Personal Products  

Common Membership Interest(1)

                      17.3     2.3

BSW Investors II, LLC

  Real Estate   Senior Debt(7)     7.3%   8/28         2.0     2.0     2.0

Butler Animal Health Supply, LLC

 

Health Care Providers & Services

  Senior Debt(7)   11.4%   7/12         8.0     8.0     8.0

CAMP Systems International, Inc.

 

Transportation Infrastructure

  Senior Debt(7)   10.6%   9/14         30.0     29.7     29.7

Carestream Health, Inc.

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

  Senior Debt(7)   10.3%   10/13         15.0     15.0     15.0

 

116


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

CH Holding Corp.

 

Leisure Equipment & Products

  Senior Debt(6)   12.0%   5/11     13.1   13.0   3.5
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      21,215     42.7   —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      665,000     —     —  
    Common Stock(1)       1     —     —  
                            55.7   3.5

CIBT Global Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Senior Debt(7)   11.0%   5/11-6/12       108.0   106.8   106.8

Cinelease, Inc.

 

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

  Senior Debt(7)   10.6%   12/08-3/13     60.6   60.0   60.0
    Common Stock(1)       583     0.6   0.6
                            60.6   60.6

CMX Inc.

 

Construction & Engineering

  Senior Debt(7)   10.4%   5/11-5/12     146.1   144.6   144.6
    Common Stock(1)       35,000     0.1   0.1
                            144.7   144.7

Compusearch Holdings Company, Inc.

  Software   Subordinated Debt(7)   12.0%   6/12     12.6   12.4   12.4
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      23,342     0.9   0.9
                            13.3   13.3

Consolidated Bedding, Inc.

  Household Durables   Senior Debt(7)   11.5%   6/13     95.0   94.9   94.9
    Senior Debt(7)(6)   12.4%   6/13     27.8   26.7   10.2
    Subordinated Debt(6)   14.0%   12/13     30.5   28.1   —  
    Common Stock Warrants(1)       154,127     —     —  
                            149.7   105.1

Contec Holdings Ltd.

 

Household Durables

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   6/13-6/14     86.7   85.6   85.6
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      76,952     86.6   130.9
   

Common Stock(1)

      19,237,842     19.2   32.7
                            191.4   249.2

Corrpro Companies, Inc.

 

Construction & Engineering

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  12.5%   3/11     14.0   12.1   12.1
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      1,165,930     1.4   1.4
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      5,022,576     3.5   8.2
                            17.0   21.7

CyrusOne Networks, LLC

 

IT Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  12.4%   1/14       15.1   14.9   14.9

DelStar, Inc.

 

Building Products

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   12/12     18.4   18.1   18.1
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      26,613     14.3   14.3
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      29,569     3.2   3.5
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      89,020     16.9   28.4
                            52.5   64.3

Direct Marketing International LLC

 

Media

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.2%   7/12       28.5   28.2   28.2

Dyno Holding Corp.

 

Auto Components

 

Senior Debt

    9.2%   11/13     45.5   45.0   45.0
   

Subordinated Debt

  16.0%   11/14     26.6   26.3   26.3
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      389,759     40.7   40.7
   

Common Stock(1)

      97,440     10.1   10.1
                            122.1   122.1

Easton Bell Sports LLC

 

Leisure Equipment & Products

 

Common Units(1)

          2,049,204       0.7   4.2

Edline, LLC

 

Software

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   7/13     17.8   13.6   13.6
   

Membership Warrants(1)

      6,447,500     6.0   13.3
                            19.6   26.9

FAMS Acquisition, Inc.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.8%   11/13-11/14     25.5   25.2   25.2
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      861,364     20.9   20.2
                            46.1   45.4

 

117


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

FCC Holdings, LLC

 

Commercial Banks

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  19.9%   12/12       75.0   74.3   74.3

Ford Motor Company(2)

 

Automobiles

 

Senior Debt

      6/11           (5.3)   (10.1)

Formed Fiber Technologies, Inc.

 

Auto Components

 

Subordinated Debt(6)

  15.0%   8/11     15.9   11.4   2.0
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      122,397     0.1   —  
                            11.5   2.0

FPI Holding Corporation

 

Food Products

 

Senior Debt(7)

    8.7%   5/11-5/12     50.0   49.2   49.2
   

Subordinated Debt(6)(7)

  15.0%   5/13     39.9   36.6   34.0
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      21,715     23.3   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      5,429     5.8   —  
                            114.9   83.2

French Lick Resorts & Casino Hotels, LLC

 

Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure

 

Senior Debt

  10.8%   4/14       47.7   40.3   35.8

FU/WD Opa Locka, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt

    8.0%   9/17-9/24       33.1   31.5   31.5

Golden Key US LLC

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Commercial Paper(1)

    5.3%   10/07       7.3   7.3   6.8

HMSC Corporation

 

Insurance

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.7%   10/14       3.5   3.5   3.5

HomeAway, Inc.

 

Diversified Consumer Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.9%   12/12     98.4   97.3   97.3
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      384,297     0.7   0.7
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      1,923,786     10.4   16.7
   

Common Stock(1)

      384,297     0.8   3.3
                            109.2   118.0

Hopkins Manufacturing Corporation

 

Auto Components

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  16.1%   7/12     34.6   34.3   34.3
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      2,915     5.1   5.1
                            39.4   39.4

III Exploration II, LP

 

Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels

 

Senior Debt

  11.5%   4/14       20.0   20.0   20.0

Infiltrator Systems, Inc.

 

Building Products

 

Senior Debt(7)

  12.2%   10/13       52.2   51.5   51.5

Innova Holdings, Inc.

 

Energy Equipment & Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  12.7%   3/13     11.5   11.3   11.3
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   3/14     17.3   17.1   17.1
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      14,283     17.5   29.9
                            45.9   58.3

Inovis International, Inc.

 

Software

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.7%   5/10       88.0   87.2   87.2

Intergraph Corporation

 

Software

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.1%   12/14       3.0   3.0   3.0

iTradeNetwork, Inc.

 

IT Services

 

Senior Debt

  12.0%   12/13       25.0   24.8   24.8

JHCI Acquisition, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.7%   12/14       19.1   19.1   19.1

Jones Stephens Corp.

 

Building Products

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  13.5%   9/13-9/14       22.8   22.5   22.5

J-Pac, LLC

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.7%   1/14       24.8   24.5   24.5

KIK Custom Products, Inc.(3)

 

Household Products

 

Senior Debt

    9.8%   11/14       22.5   22.5   22.5

LCW Holdings, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt

  11.7%   10/12     33.2   32.0   32.0
   

Warrant(1)

      12.5%     0.9   0.9
                            32.9   32.9

LJVH Holdings Inc.(3)

 

Beverages

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.6%   1/15       28.6   28.6   28.6

LN Acquisition Corp.

 

Machinery

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.9%   1/15       21.6   21.6   21.6

Logex Corporation

 

Road & Rail

 

Subordinated Debt(6)

  12.2%   7/08       12.2   9.4   1.4

LTM Enterprises, Inc.

 

Personal Products

 

Senior Debt(7)

  13.1%   11/11       19.1   19.1   19.1

 

118


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

MagnaCare Holdings, Inc.

 

Health Care Providers & Services

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   1/13       14.0   13.9   13.9

Medical Billing Holdings, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   9/13     10.4   10.2   10.2
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      13,199     14.6   19.6
   

Common Stock(1)

      3,299,582     3.3   4.5
                            28.1   34.3

Mirion Technologies

 

Electrical Equipment

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.0%   5/08-11/11     120.2   119.4   121.0
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.6%   9/09-5/12     48.9   48.5   48.5
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      435,724     43.0   49.9
   

Common Stock(1)

      24,503     2.8   2.7
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      222,156     18.6   40.6
                            232.3   262.7

Mitchell International, Inc.

 

IT Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.1%   3/15       5.0   5.0   5.0

MTS Group, LLC

 

Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.1%   10/08-10/11     21.0   20.8   20.8
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  16.0%   10/12     17.3   14.8   —  
   

Common Units(1)

      558,214     0.7   —  
                            36.3   20.8

National Processing Company Group, Inc.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.7%   9/14       53.0   52.8   52.8

NBD Holdings Corp.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Senior Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.0%   8/13     44.5   44.0   44.0
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      84,174     9.6   9.6
   

Common Stock

      633,408     0.1   0.1
                            53.7   53.7

Net1 Las Colinas Manager, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt(7)

    7.7%   10/15       5.8   5.8   5.8

Nivel Holdings, LLC

 

Distributors

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.1%   10/13       63.5   62.5   62.5

NPC Holdings, Inc.

 

Building Products

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.8%   6/12     4.5   4.5   4.5
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   6/13     8.5   8.4   8.4
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      7,739     5.2   4.8
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      7,981     0.8   —  
   

Preferred Stock Warrants(1)

      25,523     2.5   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      47     —     —  
                            21.4   17.7

Orchard Brands Corporation

 

Internet & Catalog Retail

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.6%   4/13-4/14     289.7   286.6   286.6
   

Subordinated Debt

  13.6%   4/14     53.4   53.4   53.4
   

Common Stock(1)

      565,885     —     1.8
                            340.0   341.8

Pan Am International Flight Academy, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

    9.2%   4/12-7/12     20.6   20.4   20.4
   

Senior Subordinated Debt(7)

  16.0%   7/13     26.9   26.6   26.6
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      8,234     8.2   12.8
                            55.2   59.8

PHC Acquisition, Inc.

 

Diversified Consumer Services

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.8%   3/12-3/13     26.3   26.0   26.0
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      6,556     0.3   0.4
   

Common Stock(1)

      529,153     23.0   38.8
                            49.3   65.2

Phillips & Temro Industries, Inc.

 

Auto Components

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.5%   12/10-12/11     23.8   23.7   23.7
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   12/12     16.9   16.9   16.9
                            40.6   40.6

Preferred Development, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt(7)

    7.8%   12/22       2.6   2.6   2.6

 

119


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Ranpak Acquisition Company

 

Containers & Packaging

 

Senior Debt

  10.0%   12/13-12/14       392.3   388.2   391.3

RDR Holdings, Inc.

 

Household Durables

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.3%   10/14-10/15     179.4   177.7   177.7
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      154,142     156.2   156.2
   

Common Stock(1)

      1,541,415     1.5   1.5
                            335.4   335.4

Rhinebridge, LLC

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Commercial Paper(1)

    5.3%   10/07       27.8   27.8   24.4

Roarke - Money Mailer, LLC

 

Media

 

Common Membership Units(1)

          20,404       0.9   2.3

Safemark Acquisitions, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.0%   7/09-6/10     25.6   25.4   25.4
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  10.9%   6/11-6/12     13.7   13.5   13.5
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      7,700     4.8   0.8
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      2,100     0.2   —  
   

Preferred Stock Warrants(1)

      35,522     3.6   —  
                            47.5   39.7

Sanda Kan (Cayman I) Holdings Company Limited(3)

 

Leisure Equipment & Products

  Common Stock(1)           67,973       4.6   —  

Sanlo Holdings, Inc.

 

Electrical Equipment

  Common Stock Warrants(1)           5,187       0.5   1.0

Scanner Holdings Corporation

 

Computers & Peripherals

  Senior Debt(7)     8.4%   5/13     17.0   16.7   16.7
    Subordinated Debt(7)   14.0%   5/14     20.2   20.0   20.0
    Convertible Preferred Stock       7,764     7.8   7.8
    Common Stock(1)       78,242     0.1   0.1
                            44.6   44.6

Securus Technologies, Inc.

 

Diversified Telecommunication Services

  Common Stock(1)           12,281       0.7   —  

Seroyal Holdings, L.P.(3)

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

 

Redeemable Preferred

Partnership Units(1)

      26,274     0.4   0.5
    Partnership Units(1)       95,280     0.8   1.4
                            1.2   1.9

Small Smiles Holding Company, LLC

 

Health Care Providers & Services

  Subordinated Debt(7)   15.0%   9/13-9/14       95.0   93.8   93.8

SSH Acquisition, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Senior Debt(7)   12.2%   9/12     12.5   12.3   12.3
    Subordinated Debt(7)   14.0%   9/13     19.5   19.3   19.3
    Convertible Preferred Stock       297,896     22.3   67.3
                            53.9   98.9

Stein World, LLC

 

Household Durables

  Senior Debt(6)   13.3%   10/11     8.9   8.5   8.5
    Subordinated Debt(6)   19.3%   10/12-10/13     27.4   23.0   —  
                            31.5   8.5

Summit Global Logistics, Inc(2)

 

Road & Rail

  Common Stock(1)       73,290     1.0   0.2
    Common Stock Warrants(1)       19,800     —     —  
                            1.0   0.2

Supreme Corq Holdings, LLC

 

Household Products

 

Common Membership Warrants(1)

          5,670       0.4   —  

Swank Audio Visuals, L.L.C.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Senior Debt   12.2%   8/14       48.5   48.0   48.0

 

120


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Tanenbaum-Harber Co. Holdings, Inc.

 

Insurance

  Redeemable Preferred Stock       376     0.4   0.4
    Common Stock(1)       3,861     —     —  
                            0.4   0.4

Technical Concepts Holdings, LLC

 

Building Products

 

Common Membership Warrants(1)

          792,149       1.7   8.1

The Tensar Corporation

 

Construction & Engineering

  Senior Debt(7)   12.1%   4/13     82.0   81.0   81.0
    Subordinated Debt   17.5%   10/13     37.0   36.6   36.6
                            117.6   117.6

TestAmerica Environmental Services, LLC

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Senior Debt(7)   11.4%   12/11-12/13     26.7   26.1   26.1
    Subordinated Debt(7)   14.0%   12/14     40.8   40.3   40.3
    Preferred Unit       11,659,298     7.8   7.8
    Preferred Unit Warrants(1)       1,998,961     4.8   4.8
                            79.0   79.0

ThreeSixty Sourcing, Inc.(3)

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Senior Debt   13.2%   9/08     5.0   5.0   5.0
    Common Stock Warrants(1)       35     4.1   0.3
                            9.1   5.3

TransFirst Holdings, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Senior Debt(7)   10.8%   6/15       50.0   49.5   49.5

triVIN, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Subordinated Debt(7)   15.0%   6/14-6/15     19.3   19.1   19.1
    Convertible Preferred Stock       24,700     25.9   30.3
    Common Stock(1)       6,319,923     6.3   7.2
                            51.3   56.6

Tyden Caymen Holdings Corp.

 

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

  Senior Debt(7)   12.7%   11/11     12.0   11.9   11.9
    Subordinated Debt(7)   13.8%   5/12     14.5   14.3   14.3
    Common Stock(1)       1,165,930     1.2   2.5
                            27.4   28.7

UFG Holding Corp.

 

Food Products

  Subordinated Debt(7)   15.0%   5/15-5/16     54.6   53.9   53.9
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      20,602     12.6   4.0
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      25,752     2.5   —  
    Common Stock(1)       25,752     10.6   —  
                            79.6   57.9

Unique Fabricating Incorporated

 

Auto Components

  Senior Debt(7)   15.3%   2/10-2/12     4.7   4.6   4.6
    Subordinated Debt(7)   17.0%   2/13     7.5   7.4   7.4
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      1,458     1.9   1.9
    Common Stock Warrants(1)       6,862     0.2   0.2
                            14.1   14.1

US Express Leasing, Inc.

 

Diversified Financial Services

  Senior Debt   13.2%   7/14     37.6   37.6   37.6
    Common Stock Warrants(1)       20,427     —     —  
    Preferred Stock Warrants(1)       35,035     —     —  
                            37.6   37.6

Velocity Financial Group, Inc.

 

Diversified Financial Services

  Convertible Preferred Stock           11,659,298       20.4   20.4

Venus Swimwear, Inc.

 

Internet & Catalog Retail

 

Senior Debt(7)

  12.8%   12/12     24.9   24.5   24.5
   

Subordinated Debt(6)(7)

  20.0%   12/13     20.9   19.6   9.0
                            44.1   33.5

VeraSun Energy Corporation(2)

 

Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels

 

Common Stock(1)

          2,397,505       27.0   33.0

Visador Holding Corp.

 

Building Products

 

Subordinated Debt(6)

  15.0%   2/10     11.0   9.5   7.5
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

    4,284     0.5   —  
                            10.0   7.5

 

121


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/

Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

WRH, Inc.

 

Life Sciences Tools
& Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.5%   9/13     4.5   4.4   4.4
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   7/14     75.0   74.2   74.2
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      2,008,575     208.4   243.9
   

Common Stock(1)

      502,144     49.9   57.8
                            336.9   380.3

WWC Acquisitions, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.5%   12/11-12/13       35.0   34.5   34.5

Zencon Holdings Corporation

 

Internet Software & Services

 

Senior Debt

  10.8%   5/13     19.5   19.3   19.3
   

Subordinated Debt

  15.3%   5/14     20.4   20.2   20.2
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      5,246,686     9.5   9.5
                            49.0   49.0

ZSF/WD Fitzgerald, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt(7)

    8.2%   9/24       1.1   1.0   1.0

ZSF/WD Hammond, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt(7)

    8.0%   9/17-9/24       41.5   39.5   39.5

ZSF/WD Jacksonville, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt

    8.0%   9/17-9/24       20.7   19.6   19.6

ZSF/WD Montgomery-31, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt

    8.0%   9/17-9/24       34.4   32.8   32.8

ZSF/WD Opa Locka, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt

    8.2%   9/24       0.4   0.3   0.3

ZSF/WD Orlando, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt

    8.0%   9/17-9/24       21.0   19.9   19.9

CMBS AND REAL ESTATE CDO INVESTMENTS

ACAS CRE CDO 2007-1, Ltd.

 

Real Estate

 

Notes

Preferred Shares

    5.7%   8/07-11/31   417,086,292   345.5   200.5
22.0
  153.9

19.4

                            222.5   173.3

Citigroup Commercial
Mortgage Securities
Trust 2007-C6

 

Real Estate

 

Commercial Mortgage
Pass-Through Certificates

    5.4%   7/17       116.3   50.5   32.9

COBALT CMBS
Commercial Mortgage
Trust 2007-C3

 

Real Estate

 

Commercial Mortgage
Pass-Through Certificates

    5.2%   10/17       11.1   8.3   4.9

Countrywide Commercial
Mortgage Trust 2007-MF1

 

Real Estate

 

Commercial Mortgage
Pass-Through Certificates

    6.3%   11/37-11/40       24.0   9.3   9.3

Credit Suisse Commercial
Mortgage Trust 2007-C3

 

Real Estate

 

Commercial Mortgage
Pass-Through Certificates

    5.6%   7/17       13.2   10.4   6.4

GE Commercial Mortgage
Corporation, Series
2007-C1

 

Real Estate

 

Commercial Mortgage
Pass-Through Certificates

    5.6%   5/17-12/19       37.0   31.0   16.8

GS Mortgage Securities
Trust 2006-GG10

 

Real Estate

 

Commercial Mortgage
Pass-Through Certificates

    5.7%   7/17       63.7   51.2   32.2

J.P. Morgan Chase Commercial Mortgage Securities Trust
2007-LDP11

 

Real Estate

 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.6%   7/17       142.6   63.0   50.5

ML-CFC Commercial
Mortgage Trust 2007-8

 

Real Estate

 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    6.2%   8/17       32.8   18.6   18.6

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust, Series 2007-C32

 

Real Estate

 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.7%   10/17       131.6   57.9   41.0

 

122


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity
Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust, Series 2007-C34

 

Real Estate

 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

    5.3%   10/17-9/24       96.2     42.0     36.1

CLO INVESTMENTS

ACAS CLO 2007-1, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Secured Notes(7)

    9.6%   4/21     8.5     8.5     8.5
   

Subordinated Notes

        25.9     25.4     21.7
                              33.9     30.2

Ares VIII CLO, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preference Shares

          5,000         3.9     4.0

Ares IIIR/IVR CLO Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

              20.0     19.4     18.4

Babson CLO Ltd. 2006-II

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Income Notes

              15.0     14.8     13.8

BALLYROCK CLO 2006-2 LTD.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Deferrable Notes

              2.5     2.1     2.1

Cent CDO 12 Limited

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Income Notes

              26.4     24.6     23.9

Centurion CDO 8 Limited

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

              5.0     3.4     4.0

CoLTs 2005-1 Ltd.(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preference Shares

          360         6.7     4.1

CoLTs 2005-2 Ltd.(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preference Shares

          34,170,000         30.8     19.5

Eaton Vance CDO X PLC(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Secured Subordinated Income Notes

              30.0     13.5     12.0

Flagship CLO V

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Deferrable Notes

        1.7     1.3     1.3
   

Subordinated Securities

      15,000       14.3     13.9
                              15.6     15.2

Galaxy III CLO, Ltd

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

              4.0     2.6     2.9

LightPoint CLO IV, LTD

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Income Notes

              6.7     6.2     6.0

LightPoint CLO VIII, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Deferrable Notes

              7.0     6.6     6.6

LightPoint CLO VII, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

              90.0     8.5     8.8

Mayport CLO Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Income Notes

              14.0     13.5     11.5

NYLIM Flatiron CLO 2006-1 LTD.(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Securities

          10,000         9.8     8.8

Sapphire Valley CDO I, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

              14.0     13.8     12.2

Vitesse CLO, Ltd.

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Preferred Securities

          15,000,000         14.2     12.9

CDO INVESTMENTS

ZAIS Investment Grade Limited IX

 

Diversified Financial Services

 

Subordinated Notes

              14.5     12.9     9.0

Subtotal Non-Control/Non-Affiliate Investments (58% of total investment assets and liabilities at fair value)

  $ 6,467.2   $ 6,351.5

 

123


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity

Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

AFFILIATE INVESTMENTS

Aptara, Inc.

 

IT Services

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  17.2%   8/09     52.7     52.3     52.3
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      13,942       14.2     14.2
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      2,549,410       8.8     12.9
   

Preferred Stock Warrants(1)

      172,382       0.9     0.9
                              76.2     80.3

CCRD Operating Company, Inc.

 

Diversified Consumer Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.0%   6/13     142.3     141.3     141.3
   

Subordinated Debt

  15.0%   6/14     12.0     11.8     11.8
   

Common Stock(1)

      729,763       1.6     8.6
                              154.7     161.7

Coghead, Inc.

 

Internet Software & Services

 

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

          5,489,656         2.6     2.6

Egenera, Inc.

 

Computers & Peripherals

 

Convertible Preferred Stock

          8,046,865         25.0     25.0

HALT Medical, Inc.

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

 

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

          3,231,417         5.2     5.2

IS Holdings I, Inc.

 

Software

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.4%   6/14     20.0     19.8     19.8
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      2,309       2.6     2.6
   

Common Stock(1)

      1,165,930       —       3.0
                              22.4     25.4

Marcal Paper Mills. Inc.

 

Household Products

 

Common Stock(1)

      146,478       —       —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      209,255       —       —  
                              —       —  

Narus, Inc.

 

Internet Software & Services

 

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

          12,563,900         7.3     7.3

Nursery Supplies, Inc.

 

Containers & Packaging

 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      2,116       —       —  
   

Common Stock Warrants

      625       —       —  
                              —       —  

Qualitor Component Holdings, LLC

 

Auto Components

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  17.0%   12/12     32.5     32.2     32.2
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      3,150,000       3.2     0.7
   

Common Units(1)

      350,000       0.3     —  
                              35.7     32.9

Radar Detection Holdings Corp.

 

Household Durables

 

Senior Debt(7)

  12.1%   11/12     13.0     13.0     13.0
   

Common Stock(1)

      40,688       0.6     8.4
                              13.6     21.4

Reef Point Systems, Inc.

 

Communications Equipment

  Convertible Preferred Stock(1)           85,632,687         11.7     8.6

Roadrunner Dawes, Inc.

  Road & Rail   Subordinated Debt(7)   16.0%   9/12     18.6     18.4     18.4
    Common Stock(1)       7,000       7.0     1.5
                              25.4     19.9

Tymphany Corporation

 

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

  Subordinated Debt     8.0%   7/10     1.2     1.2     1.2
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

    6,306,065       10.1     0.6
                              11.3     1.8

WFS Holding, Inc.

  Software  

Convertible Preferred Stock

          20,403,772         2.6     3.6

Subtotal Affiliate Investments (3% of total investment assets and liabilities at fair value)

          $ 393.7   $ 395.7

 

124


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity

Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

CONTROL INVESTMENTS

ACAS Equity Holdings Corp.

 

Diversified Financial Services

  Common Stock(1)           707       14.6   12.9

ACSAB, LLC

 

Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels

 

Convertible Preferred Membership Units

          30,329       —     0.6

Aeriform Corporation

  Chemicals   Subordinated Debt(1)     9.3%   5/09       7.2   6.2   3.4

American Capital, LLC

  Capital Markets   Senior Debt     9.8%   9/12     10.6   10.4   10.4
   

Common Membership interest

    100%     58.5   466.5
                            68.9   476.9

American Driveline Systems, Inc.

 

Diversified Consumer Services

  Subordinated Debt(7)   14.0%   12/14-12/15     41.1   40.5   40.5
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      403,357     25.0   25.0
    Common Stock(1)       128,681     10.8   8.2
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      204,663     17.3   28.0
                            93.6   101.7

Auxi Health, Inc.

 

Health Care Providers & Services

  Subordinated Debt(6)   14.0%   3/09       9.9   4.4   2.0

BPWest, Inc.

 

Energy Equipment & Services

  Subordinated Debt(7)   15.0%   7/12     8.5   8.4   8.4
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      5,167     5.9   6.3
    Common Stock(1)       516,643     —     70.7
                            14.3   85.4

Capital.com, Inc.

 

Diversified Financial Services

  Common Stock(1)           8,500,100       1.5   0.4

Core Business Credit, LLC

 

Diversified Financial Services

  Common Units(1)       33,313     3.4   3.4
   

Convertible Preferred Units(1)

      133,250     13.3   13.3
                            16.7   16.7

Credit Opportunities Fund I, LLC

 

Diversified Financial Services

  Common Membership Interest       100%     41.9   41.9
                             

DanChem Technologies, Inc.

  Chemicals   Senior Debt   11.3%   12/10     14.9   14.9   14.9
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

    9,067     7.6   4.5
    Common Stock(1)       299,403     1.8   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      401,622     2.2   —  
                            26.5   19.4

ECA Acquisition Holdings, Inc.

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

  Subordinated Debt(7)   16.5%   12/14     12.5   12.4   12.4
    Common Stock(1)       583     11.1   17.6
                            23.5   30.0

eLynx Holdings, Inc.

  IT Services   Senior Debt(7)   12.7%   12/09-9/12     18.4   18.3   18.3
    Subordinated Debt(6)   17.8%   12/11-12/12     10.0   8.9   1.9
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      21,114     8.9   —  
    Common Stock(1)       11,261     1.1   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      131,280     13.1   —  
                            50.3   20.2

Endeavor Fund I, LP

 

Thrifts & Mortgage Finance

 

Common Membership Interest

          100%       28.8   29.1

ETG Holdings, Inc.

  Containers & Packaging   Senior Debt(6)   13.2%   5/11     11.1   9.8   8.6
    Subordinated Debt(6)   16.8%   5/12-5/13     13.6   10.9   —  
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      233,201     11.4   —  
    Preferred Stock Warrants(1)       40,000     —     —  
                            32.1   8.6

 

125


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity

Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

European Capital Limited(2)(3)

 

Diversified Financial Services

  Ordinary Shares           72,305,938       921.9   839.4

European Touch, LTD. II

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Senior Subordinated Debt   16.7%   12/09-12/10     11.4   11.4   11.4
   

Junior Subordinated Debt(6)

  20.0%   12/10     6.1   4.8   0.6
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      263     0.3   —  
    Common Stock(1)       1,688     0.9   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      7,105     3.7   —  
                            21.1   12.0

EXPL Pipeline Holdings LLC

 

Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels

  Senior Debt(7)   11.1%   1/17     41.6   41.2   41.2
   

Common Membership Units(1)

    58,297     44.6   56.8
                            85.8   98.0

Exstream Holdings, Inc.

  Software   Subordinated Debt(7)   15.0%   6/14     64.9   64.3   64.3
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      2,221,090     231.8   248.2
    Common Stock(1)       555,272     55.5   62.0
                            351.6   374.5

Fosbel Global Services (LUXCO) S.C.A(3)

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

    9.0%   7/10-7/11     36.1   35.7   35.7
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   7/12-7/14     34.5   34.2   34.2
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      18,449,456     18.4   10.0
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      1,519,368     3.0   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      108,526     0.2   —  
                            91.5   79.9

Fountainhead Estate Holding Corp.(3)

 

Internet Software & Services

 

Senior Debt

    9.2%   10/13     37.0   37.0   37.0
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      59,250     59.2   41.3
                            96.2   78.3

FreeConferenceroom.com, Inc.

 

Diversified Telecommunication Services

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.6%   4/11-5/11     16.8   16.6   16.6
   

Subordinated Debt

  15.0%   5/12     9.8   9.7   8.8
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      12,373,100     12.1   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      5,860,400     2.3   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      5,015,028     —     —  
                            40.7   25.4

Future Food, Inc.

 

Food Products

 

Senior Debt

  10.2%   7/10     16.8   16.7   16.7
   

Senior Subordinated Debt

  12.0%   7/11     8.0   7.6   7.6
   

Junior Subordinated Debt(6)

  13.0%   7/12     6.0   5.1   1.2
   

Common Stock(1)

      64,917     13.0   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      6,500     1.3   —  
                            43.7   25.5

FutureLogic, Inc.

 

Computers & Peripherals

 

Senior Debt(7)

  12.9%   2/10-2/12     50.2   49.9   49.9
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   2/13     31.6   31.3   31.3
   

Common Stock(1)

      129,514     15.5   25.8
                            96.7   107.0

FV Holdings Corporation

 

Food Products

 

Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.5%   6/15     22.4   22.4   22.4
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      292     14.3   23.6
   

Common Stock(1)

      125     6.1   10.1
                            42.8   56.1

Halex Holdings Corp.

 

Construction Materials

 

Senior Debt(6)

  11.5%   7/08-10/08     23.4   23.4   21.4
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  15.9%   8/10     17.6   15.9   —  
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      21,464,046     28.5   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      30,263,219     —     —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      18,750,000     —     —  
                            67.8   21.4

 

126


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity

Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Hartstrings Holdings Corp.

 

Textiles, Apparel & Luxury Goods

 

Senior Debt

  11.6%   12/10     11.5   11.2   11.2
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      10,196     2.9   0.6
   

Common Stock(1)

      14,250     4.8   —  
                            18.9   11.8

Hospitality Mints, Inc.

 

Food Products

 

Senior Debt(7)

  12.8%   11/10     7.3   7.2   7.2
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  12.4%   11/11-11/12     18.5   18.3   18.3
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      55,497     12.0   21.5
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      86,817     0.1   1.8
                            37.6   48.8

Imperial Supplies Holdings, Inc.

 

Trading Companies and Distributors

 

Subordinated Debt

  16.0%   10/14     21.2   21.0   21.0
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      19,604     13.0   20.0
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      19,604     20.5   20.5
   

Common Stock

      442,187     11.3   6.7
                            65.8   68.2

Kingway Inca Clymer Holdings, Inc.

 

Building Products

 

Subordinated Debt(6)

  12.3%   4/12     1.0   0.2   1.0
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      13,709     9.6   0.5
   

Common Stock(1)

      7,826     —     —  
                            9.8   1.5

Lifoam Holdings, Inc.

 

Leisure Equipment & Products

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.4%   6/08-6/10     43.8   43.7   43.7
   

Subordinated Debt(6)

  14.4%   6/11-6/12     26.3   22.9   15.1
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      6,160     4.2   —  
   

Common Stock(1)

      14,000     1.4   —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      29,304     2.9   —  
                            75.1   58.8

LLSC Holdings Corporation

 

Personal Products

 

Senior Debt(7)

  11.1%   8/12     5.7   5.7   5.7
   

Subordinated Debt

  12.0%   8/13     5.5   5.5   5.5
   

Convertible Preferred Stock(1)

      7,496     8.1   8.1
   

Common Stock(1)

      833     —     —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      675     —     —  
                            19.3   19.3

LVI Holdings, LLC

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

 

Senior Debt(7)

  10.7%   2/10     2.8   2.8   2.8
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  18.0%   2/13     10.7   10.6   10.6
                            13.4   13.4

MW Acquisition Corporation

 

Health Care Providers & Services

 

Senior Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.6%   2/13-2/14     24.6   24.3   24.3
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      38,016     14.7   23.4
   

Common Stock(1)

      51,521     —     12.6
                            39.0   60.3

NECCO Candy Investments, LLC

 

Food Products

 

Senior Debt

    9.4%   12/12     13.1   12.8   12.8
   

Common Membership Units(1)

      100     0.1   0.1
                            12.9   12.9

NECCO Realty Investments, LLC

 

Real Estate

 

Senior Debt

  14.0%   12/17     35.9   35.1   35.1
   

Common Membership Units(1)

      7,000     4.9   9.6
                            40.0   44.7

nSpired Holdings, Inc.

 

Food Products

 

Senior Debt

    9.5%   12/08-12/09     18.6   18.6   18.8
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      17,150     17.1   1.3
   

Common Stock(1)

      11,712,947     3.5   —  
                            39.2   20.1

Oceana Media Finance, LLC

  Commercial Banks  

Common Membership Units(1)

          145,742       14.6   14.6

 

127


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity

Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/
Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Paradigm Precision Holdings, LLC

  Aerospace & Defense  

Senior Debt(7)

    8.7%   4/13     54.3   53.7   53.7
   

Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.0%   10/13     13.8   13.7   13.7
   

Common Membership Units(1)

    478,488     17.5   17.5
                            84.9   84.9

PaR Systems, Inc.

  Machinery   Subordinated Debt(7)   14.6%   2/10     3.1   3.1   3.1
    Common Stock(1)       198,921     0.6   11.3
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      17,027     —     1.0
                            3.7   15.4

Pasternack Enterprises, Inc.

  Electrical Equipment  

Senior Subordinated Debt(7)

  14.8%   12/13-12/14     29.1   28.8   28.8
    Common Stock(1)       57,597     11.3   46.5
                            40.1   75.3

PHC Sharp Holdings, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Senior Debt(7)   11.2%   12/11-12/12     14.9   14.7   14.7
    Subordinated Debt(7)   15.0%   12/14     15.0   14.8   14.8
    Common Stock(1)       250,868     3.1   —  
                            32.6   29.5

PHI Acquisitions, Inc.

  Internet & Catalog Retail   Senior Debt(7)   11.9%   6/12     10.0   9.9   9.9
    Subordinated Debt(7)   14.0%   6/13     23.3   23.0   23.0
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      36,267     32.9   32.9
    Common Stock(1)       40,295     3.8   1.6
    Common Stock Warrants(1)       116,065     11.6   16.4
                            81.2   83.8

Piper Aircraft, Inc.

  Aerospace & Defense   Senior Debt     9.6%   5/08-7/09     8.8   8.8   8.8
    Subordinated Debt     8.0%   7/13     0.7   0.2   0.7
    Common Stock(1)       478,797     0.1   38.1
                            9.1   47.6

Precitech Holdings, Inc.

  Machinery  

Junior Subordinated Debt(6)

  17.0%   12/12       8.1   3.4   1.3

Resort Funding Holdings, Inc.

 

Diversified Financial Services

  Senior Debt   13.0%   4/10     10.6   10.6   10.6
    Common Stock(1)       583     20.0   17.1
                            30.6   27.7

Sixnet, LLC

 

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

  Senior Debt(7)   13.2%   6/13     36.9   36.6   36.6
    Membership Units(1)       356     4.4   9.3
                            41.0   45.9

SMG Holdings, Inc.

 

Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure

  Senior Debt     8.3%   7/14     6.0   6.0   6.0
    Subordinated Debt(7)   12.4%   6/15     114.8   113.7   113.7
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      1,101,673     115.2   120.6
    Common Stock(1)       275,419     27.5   28.9
                            262.4   269.2

Specialty Brands of America, Inc.

  Food Products   Subordinated Debt(7)   14.0%   5/14     33.4   33.1   33.1
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock

      122,017     7.1   7.1
    Common Stock(1)       128,175     2.3   5.1
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      56,819     1.4   7.9
                            43.9   53.2

SPL Acquisition Corp.

  Pharmaceuticals   Senior Debt   11.3%   10/12-10/13     83.0   82.0   82.0
   

Senior Subordinated Debt(7)

  15.3%   8/14-8/15     48.3   47.7   47.7
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      84,043     44.2   44.2
    Common Stock(1)       84,043     —     2.0
                            173.9   175.9

Stravina Holdings, Inc.

  Personal Products   Senior Debt(6)     8.7%   4/11       4.4   4.4   0.1

Sunfuel Midstream, LLC

 

Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels

 

Common Membership Units4(1)

          100,000       0.1   0.1

 

128


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

Company (4)

 

Industry

 

Investments

 

Interest
Rate (5)

 

Maturity

Date (5)

 

# of

shares/

units

owned

 

Principal/

Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

Total Return Fund, LP

  Capital Markets  

Common Membership Interest

          100%         20.0     21.1

UFG Real Estate Holdings, LLC

  Real Estate  

Common Membership(1)

          70         —       1.3

Unwired Holdings, Inc.

  Household Durables   Senior Debt   11.9%   6/11     9.3     8.1     9.1
    Subordinated Debt(6)   15.0%   6/12-6/13     19.9     14.4     2.2
   

Redeemable Preferred Stock(1)

      12,740       12.7     —  
   

Preferred Stock Warrants(1)

      39,690       —       —  
    Common Stock(1)       126,001       1.2     —  
   

Common Stock Warrants(1)

      439,205       —       —  
                              36.4     11.3

VP Acquisitions Holdings, Inc.

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

  Subordinated Debt(7)   14.5%   10/13-10/14     19.0     18.8     18.8
    Common Stock(1)       19,780       24.7     47.2
                              43.5     66.0

Warner Power, LLC

  Electrical Equipment   Subordinated Debt(7)   12.6%   10/09     5.0     5.0     5.0
   

Redeemable Preferred Membership Units

      3,796,269       4.1     4.1
   

Common Membership Units(1)

      27,629       1.9     1.5
                              11.0     10.6

WIS Holding Company, Inc.

 

Commercial Services & Supplies

  Subordinated Debt(7)   14.8%   1/14-1/15     99.1     98.2     98.2
   

Convertible Preferred Stock

      703,406       75.9     82.9
    Common Stock(1)       175,852       17.6     20.4
                              191.7     201.5

WSACS RR Holdings LLC

  Real Estate  

Common Membership Units(1)

          1,688,398         1.7     1.7

CDO/CLO INVESTMENTS

ACAS Wachovia Investments, L.P.

 

Diversified Financial Services

  Partnership Interest           90%         22.2     12.9

Subtotal Control Investments (38% of total investment assets and liabilities at fair value)

  $ 3,806.5   $ 4,177.4

Counterparty (4)

 

Instrument

 

Yield (5)

 

Expiring(5)

 

# of

Contracts

 

Notional

 

Cost

 

Fair
Value

DERIVATIVE AGREEMENTS    

Citibank, N.A.

 

Interest Rate Swaption – Pay Floating/ Receive Fixed

    4.6%   4/12   1   40.0     —       1.0

BMO Financial Group

 

Interest Rate Swaption – Pay Floating/ Receive Fixed

    5.5%   2/13   1   22.9     —       0.4

Wachovia Bank, N.A.

 

Interest Rate Swap – Pay Fixed/ Receive Floating

    5.1%   8/19   1   8.0     —       2.2

Citibank, N.A.

 

Interest Rate Swap – Pay Fixed/ Receive Floating

    5.2%   11/19   1   3.7     —       0.2

Subtotal Derivative Agreements (less than 1% of total investment assets and liabilities at fair value)

    —       3.8

Total Investment Assets

  $ 10,667.4   $ 10,928.4
DERIVATIVE AGREEMENTS    

Citibank, N.A.

 

Interest Rate Swap –Pay Fixed/Receive Floating

    4.8%   4/12-11/19   4   769.5     —       (21.1)

Wachovia Bank, N.A.

 

Interest Rate Swap –Pay Fixed/Receive Floating

    4.8%   1/14-8/19   3   532.1     —       (15.4)

BMO Financial Group

 

Interest Rate Swap – Pay Fixed/Receive Floating

    5.4%   2/13 -8/17   5   479.9     —       (22.8)

Credit Suisse International

 

Interest Rate Swap – Pay Fixed/Receive Floating

    5.0%   9/15-6/17   2   99.4     0.8     (4.1)

UniCredit Group

 

Interest Rate Swap – Pay Fixed/Receive Floating

    5.3%   7/17   1   66.0     —       (5.8)

WestLB AG

 

Interest Rate Swap –Pay Fixed/Receive Floating

    5.8%   6/17   1   55.0     —       (4.5)

HSBC Bank USA, National Association

 

Interest Rate Swap – Pay Fixed/Receive Floating

    4.7%   8/15   1   36.6     0.4     (0.9)

Fortis Financial Services LLC

 

Interest Rate Swap – Pay Fixed/Receive Floating

    5.7%   7/17   1   22.3     —       (2.2)

BMO Financial Group

 

Foreign Exchange Swap– Pay Euros/Receive GBP

    1/08   1   —       —       (0.4)

Citibank, N.A.

 

Foreign Exchange Swap– Pay Euros/Receive GBP

    2/11   1   —       —       (0.2)

Total Investment Liabilities (less than 1% of total investment assets and liabilities at fair value)

  $ 1.20   $ (77.40)

 

129


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS—(Continued)

December 31, 2007

(in millions, except share data)

 

(1) Non-income producing.
(2) Publicly traded company or a consolidated subsidiary of a public company.
(3) International investment.
(4) Certain of the securities are issued by affiliate(s) of the listed portfolio company.
(5) Interest rates on loans and debt securities represents the weighted average annual stated interest rate, which are presented by the nature of indebtedness by a single issuer. The maturity dates on loans and debt securities represents the earliest and the latest maturity dates. Interest rates on derivative agreements represent the pay rate at period end. The expiring dates on derivative agreements represent the earliest and the latest expiration dates.
(6) Debt security is on non-accrual status and therefore considered non-income producing.
(7) All or a portion of the securities are pledged as collateral under various secured financing arrangements.

 

130


Table of Contents

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in millions, except per share data)

 

Note 1. Organization

 

American Capital, Ltd. (formerly known as American Capital Strategies, Ltd., which is referred to throughout this report as “American Capital”, “we”, “our” and “us”) was incorporated in 1986. On August 29, 1997, we completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) and became a non-diversified closed end investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“1940 Act”). We operate so as to qualify to be taxed as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) as defined in Subtitle A, Chapter 1, under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a BDC, we primarily invest in senior debt, subordinated debt and equity in the buyouts of private companies sponsored by us (“American Capital One-Stop Buyouts™”), the buyouts of private companies sponsored by other private equity firms (“American Capital One Stop Financings”) and directly to early stage and mature private and small public companies. We refer to these investments as our private finance portfolio. We also invest in structured product investments (“Structured Products”) including commercial mortgage backed securities (“CMBS”), commercial collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) securities and collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) securities and invest in alternative asset funds managed by us. We are also an alternative asset manager with $14 billion of capital resources under management as of December 31, 2008, including $6 billion of third-party assets. Our primary business objectives are to increase our taxable income, net realized earnings and net asset value by making investments with attractive current yields and/or potential for equity appreciation and realized gains.

 

We are the sole shareholder of American Capital Financial Services, Inc. (“ACFS”). Through ACFS, we provide advisory, management and other services to our portfolio companies. We are also the sole member of American Capital, LLC. American Capital, LLC was formed in 2007 as a parent holding company to hold all American Capital owned third-party alternative asset fund managers. American Capital, LLC is treated as a portfolio company investment and carried at a fair value of $175 million on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 

Note 2. Going Concern

 

A fundamental principle of the preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States is the assumption that an entity will continue in existence as a going concern, which contemplates continuity of operations and the realization of assets and settlement of liabilities occurring in the ordinary course of business. This principle is applicable to all entities except for entities in liquidation or entities for which liquidation appears imminent. In accordance with this requirement, our policy is to prepare our consolidated financial statements on a going concern basis unless we intend to liquidate or have no other alternative but to liquidate. As of December 31, 2008, we are in breach of financial covenants under certain of our borrowing arrangements. While we have prepared our consolidated financial statements on a going concern basis, if we are unable to successfully restructure these borrowing arrangements and we do not receive additional funding, our ability to continue as a going concern may be impacted. Therefore, we may not be able to realize our assets and settle our liabilities in the ordinary course of business. Our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K do not reflect any adjustments that might specifically result from the outcome of this uncertainty or our debt restructuring activities.

 

We incurred a net loss of $3.1 billion and recognized $3.5 billion of net unrealized depreciation on our portfolio investments for the year ended December 31, 2008 and our shareholders’ equity has decreased from $6.4 billion as of December 31, 2007 to $3.2 billion as of December 31, 2008. While there were declines in the performance of our portfolio investments during 2008, a significant portion of the depreciation that we have reported to date is not the result of credit impairment of our underlying assets, but rather an unprecedented widening of investment spreads caused by distressed selling in trading markets for assets deemed to be

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

comparable to our assets, declines in purchase multiples of middle market acquisition transactions during 2008 and the application of market yield analysis to assets that were acquired with the intent of holding them to settlement or maturity as opposed to trading them. However, as a result of such unrealized depreciation, we are currently in breach of certain financial covenants under our revolving credit facilities and unsecured debt borrowing arrangements, which had an aggregate $2.3 billion outstanding (out of $4.4 billion of total debt) as of December 31, 2008.

 

As a BDC, we are generally prohibited under the 1940 Act from issuing any senior security representing indebtedness if immediately after such issuance we do not have an asset coverage ratio of at least 200%, which is calculated as the amount of our total assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, divided by senior securities representing indebtedness. Due to the significant net unrealized depreciation and resulting decrease in our shareholders’ equity during 2008, we are currently below the 200% asset coverage ratio required to issue additional debt. Also, we are in breach of the minimum consolidated tangible net worth, portfolio charge-off and other asset coverage covenants in certain of our borrowing arrangements. As a result, the lenders under such borrowing arrangements could discontinue lending and/or declare all borrowings outstanding to be immediately due and payable after any applicable notice and/or cure periods. If any of these events occur, there is no assurance that we will have sufficient funds available to pay in full the total amount of obligations that would become due as a result of any such debt acceleration, or that we will be able to obtain additional or alternative financing to pay or refinance any such accelerated obligations.

 

We did not include any adjustments to the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to reflect the possible future effects that may result from the uncertainty of our ability to continue as a going concern because we believe that the plans that we describe below are reasonable and appropriate to address the conditions discussed above. As of December 31, 2008, we had $209 million in cash and cash equivalents and $71 million of restricted cash and cash equivalents, consisting primarily of interest and principal payments on assets that are securitized. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we had $654 million of positive cash flow from operating and investing activities, including $2.2 billion of principal payments, prepayments and exits from portfolio investments. In addition, during 2008 we reduced our net debt by over $900 million, or 18%, since the second quarter of 2007. This reduction in debt included the repayment in full of our secured recourse debt. All of our remaining recourse debt is unsecured. Management believes that we have adequate liquidity to continue to fund our operations and the interest payments on our borrowing arrangements in the absence of an acceleration of the maturity of the debt. We have also undertaken or expect to commence the following efforts:

 

   

We have entered into discussions with the lenders under our unsecured revolving credit facility and our private unsecured note holders, and plan to discuss with our public note holders, regarding a restructuring of the borrowing arrangements;

 

   

We expect to minimize our cash dividend distributions while maintaining our RIC status;

 

   

We reduced headcount by 32% and offices by 29% in 2008;

 

   

We reduced bonuses by 93% in 2008;

 

   

We generated $2.2 billion of principal payments, prepayments and exits in 2008;

 

   

We reduced debt by over $900 million, or 18%, since the second quarter of 2007;

 

   

We repaid all of our borrowings outstanding under our secured credit facility in the past year; and

 

   

We have and continue to sell assets in the ordinary course of business in order to delever our balance sheet.

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

We also believe that we can carry out our plans and continue as a going concern, in part because our assets exceed our liabilities by $3.2 billion based on fair value as determined by GAAP, or $15.41 net asset value (“NAV”) per share. Furthermore, we believe that we can continue to generate net operating income from our investments (over twice the amount of our interest payments in 2008) that exceeds our projected interest payments and the fact that our assets exceed our liabilities by $3.2 billion will allow us either to successfully renegotiate the borrowing arrangements with our lenders and note holders or to reorganize under Chapter 11 of the United State Bankruptcy Code, significantly mitigating the risk of a forced liquidation. Finally, apart from our securitized loans which are non-recourse, none of our lenders currently have collateral security. Unsecured creditors generally have fewer rights than secured creditors in a bankruptcy proceeding. However, if we successfully renegotiate or amend our borrowing arrangements, we may have to provide a security interest to those lenders or note holders.

 

No assurance can be given that we will be successful in restructuring these borrowing arrangements on acceptable terms, if any, or amend such financial covenants in a manner sufficient to adequately reduce the risk of default in the near future. Should our lenders and/or other counterparties demand immediate repayment of all of our obligations, we will likely be unable to pay such obligations. In such event, we may have to recapitalize, refinance our obligations, sell some or all of our assets or seek to reorganize under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code.

 

In addition, pursuant to the terms of our unsecured revolving credit facility, during an event of default, the interest rate on any of our obligations outstanding under the facility could increase by 2.00% at our lenders’ option. After all events of default under a credit facility have been cured or waived, the default rate under the facility is no longer applicable. Pursuant to the terms of our unsecured private notes, during an event of default, the note holders can declare that all amounts outstanding under the notes are immediately due and payable. Any overdue amount would accrue interest at a default rate equal to the greater of 2.00% above the stated rate, or if applicable, the prime rate. The note holders can rescind any acceleration if all late payments are made, any events of default are cured or waived and no judgment has been entered for the payment of money due under the notes. Pursuant to the terms of our public unsecured bonds, during an event of default, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding bonds may declare the principal and accrued interest to be due and payable immediately. Under certain circumstances, any such acceleration of the maturity of the bonds may be rescinded by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding bonds.

 

Upon adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, on January 1, 2008, we decided to not elect the fair value option for our debt and therefore all of our debt liabilities are reflected on our consolidated balance sheet at their stated maturity values of $4.4 billion as of December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2008, we estimate that the fair value of our debt was approximately $3.2 billion, or $1.2 billion less than the stated maturity values.

 

As of December 31, 2008, there was $19 million of unamortized debt issuance costs related to our revolving credit facilities and unsecured debt borrowing arrangements. If these borrowing arrangements are refinanced in a transaction required to be accounted for as an extinguishment or the outstanding balances are declared immediately due and payable by the lenders, the unamortized debt issuance costs would be required to be expensed in the period of refinancing or demand.

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”).

 

Consolidation

 

Under the investment company rules and regulations pursuant to Article 6 of Regulation S-X and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”) Audit and Accounting Guide for Investment Companies (the “Investment Company Guide”), we are precluded from consolidating any entity other than another investment company. The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued guidance that the term “investment company” in this context refers to a “registered investment company.” An exception to the guidance in the Investment Company Guide occurs if the investment company has an investment in a controlled operating company that provides substantially all of its services to the investment company. Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of a controlled operating company if all or substantially all of the services provided by the operating company are to us or to portfolio companies in which we hold substantially all of the ownership interests. ACFS is a consolidated operating company as it is considered to provide all or substantially all of its services to American Capital and its portfolio companies. If our ownership interest in a portfolio company that a consolidated operating company manages or provides services to were to decrease, the operating subsidiary may no longer be considered to provide substantially all of its services directly or indirectly to us and our portfolio companies, resulting in the deconsolidation of such operating subsidiary at that time. In addition, if a consolidated operating company were to begin providing services to third-parties, the operating subsidiary may no longer be considered to provide substantially all of its services directly or indirectly to us and our portfolio companies, resulting in the deconsolidation of such operating subsidiary at that time. Our investments in other investment companies or funds are recorded as investments in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and are not consolidated. During the second quarter of 2007, we transferred the ownership of our wholly-owned alternative asset fund managers to American Capital, LLC through which we conduct our third-party alternative asset fund management business.

 

Our consolidated financial statements had previously included the accounts of European Capital Financial Services (Guernsey) Limited (“ECFS”) as all or substantially all of ECFS’ services were provided to European Capital Limited (“European Capital”), a controlled portfolio company in which we had a significant ownership interest. As a result of the European Capital IPO in May 2007 (see note 18), American Capital’s ownership interest in European Capital was diluted and ECFS was no longer considered to be providing substantially all of its services directly or indirectly to us. As a result, in accordance with our consolidation policy, ECFS was deconsolidated prospectively during the second quarter of 2007 and is recorded at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets as part of the fair value of American Capital, LLC.

 

We also have wholly-owned affiliated statutory trusts that were established to facilitate secured borrowing arrangements whereby assets were transferred to the affiliated statutory trusts and notes were sold by the trust. These transfers of assets to the trusts are treated as secured borrowing arrangements in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) SFAS No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities (“SFAS No. 140”), and our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our affiliated statutory trusts established for secured financing arrangements. We also have established trusts to fund deferred compensation plans for our employees. Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of these trusts. All intercompany accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

Valuation of Investments

 

Our investments are carried at fair value in accordance with the 1940 Act and SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”). In accordance with the 1940 Act, unrestricted minority-owned publicly traded securities for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the closing market quote on the valuation date and majority-owned and restricted publicly traded securities and other privately held securities are valued as determined in good faith by our Board of Directors. For restricted securities of companies that are publicly traded, the value is based on the closing market quote on the valuation date minus a discount for the restriction. For unrestricted securities of companies that are publicly traded for which we have a majority-owned interest, the value is based on the closing market quote on the valuation date plus a control premium if our Board of Directors determines in good faith that additional value above the closing market quote would be obtainable upon a sale or transfer of our controlling interest.

 

We adopted SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008. SFAS No. 157 provides a framework for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 also provides guidance regarding a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes information used to measure fair value and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings and provides for enhanced disclosures determined by the level within the hierarchy of information used in the valuation. SFAS No. 157 applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value but does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances.

 

SFAS No. 157 defines fair value in terms of the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The price used to measure the fair value is not adjusted for transaction costs while the cost basis of our investments may include initial transaction costs. Under SFAS No. 157, the fair value measurement also assumes that the transaction to sell an asset occurs in the principal market for the asset or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset. The principal market is the market in which the reporting entity would sell or transfer the asset with the greatest volume and level of activity for the asset. In determining the principal market for an asset or liability under SFAS No. 157, it is assumed that the reporting entity has access to the market as of the measurement date. If no market for the asset exists or if the reporting entity does not have access to the principal market, the reporting entity should use a hypothetical market.

 

The market in which we would sell our private finance investments is the mergers and acquisition (“M&A”) market. Under SFAS No. 157, we have indentified the M&A market as our principal market for portfolio companies only if we have the ability to initiate a sale of the portfolio company as of the measurement date. We determine whether we have the ability to initiate a sale of a portfolio company based on our ability to control or gain control of the board of directors of the portfolio company as of the measurement date. In evaluating if we can control or gain control of a portfolio company as of the measurement date, we include our equity securities and those securities held by entities managed by American Capital, LLC, on a fully diluted basis. For investments in securities of portfolio companies for which we do not have the ability to control or gain control as of the measurement date and for which there is no active market, our principal market under SFAS No. 157 is a hypothetical secondary market.

 

Accordingly, we use the M&A market as our principal market for portfolio companies that we control or can gain control as of the measurement date, and we use a hypothetical secondary market for portfolio companies that we do not control or cannot gain control as of the measurement date. However, to the extent that an active market exists, we will consider that as our principal market. Our valuation policy considers the fact that no ready market exists for substantially all of the securities in which we invest and that fair value for our investments must typically be determined using unobservable inputs.

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

Enterprise Value Waterfall Methodology

 

For securities of portfolio companies that we have identified the M&A market as the principal market, we estimate the fair value based on the enterprise value waterfall (“Enterprise Value Waterfall”) valuation methodology. For minority equity securities, we also estimate the fair value using the Enterprise Value Waterfall valuation methodology. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 157, we generally used the Enterprise Value Waterfall methodology for valuing our entire private finance portfolio that was not publicly traded. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 157, we no longer use the Enterprise Value Waterfall methodology for valuing portfolio investments that we do not control or cannot gain control as of the measurement date.

 

Under the Enterprise Value Waterfall valuation methodology, we estimate the enterprise value of the portfolio company and then waterfall the enterprise value over the portfolio company’s securities in order of their preference relative to one another. In using the Enterprise Value Waterfall valuation methodology, we consider the in-use valuation premise under SFAS No. 157, which assumes the debt and equity securities are sold together, and which we believe is appropriate as this would provide the maximum proceeds to the seller. In applying the Enterprise Value Waterfall valuation methodology, we also consider that in a change of control transaction, our debt securities are generally required to be repaid and that a buyer cannot assume the debt security.

 

To estimate the enterprise value of the portfolio company, we prepare an analysis consisting of traditional valuation methodologies including market, income and cost approaches. We weight some or all of the traditional valuation methods based on the individual circumstances of the portfolio company in order to conclude on our estimate of the enterprise value. The methodologies consist of valuation estimates based on: valuations of comparable public companies, recent sales of private and public comparable companies, discounting the forecasted cash flows of the portfolio company, estimating the liquidation or collateral value of the portfolio company’s assets, third-party valuations of the portfolio company, considering offers from third-parties to buy the company, estimating the value to potential strategic buyers and considering the value of recent investments in the equity securities of the portfolio company.

 

In valuing convertible debt, equity or other similar securities, we value our investment based on our pro rata share of the residual equity value available after deducting all outstanding debt from the estimated enterprise value. We value non-convertible debt securities at the face amount of the debt to the extent that the estimated enterprise value of the portfolio company exceeds the outstanding debt of the portfolio company. If the estimated enterprise value is less than the outstanding debt of the company, we reduce the value of our debt investment beginning with the junior most debt such that the enterprise value less the value of the outstanding debt is zero.

 

Market Yield Valuation Methodology

 

For securities of portfolio companies for which we are required to identify the hypothetical secondary market as the principal market, we determine the fair value based on the assumptions that hypothetical market participants would use to value the security in a current hypothetical sale using a market yield (“Market Yield”) valuation methodology based on an exchange valuation premise under SFAS No. 157.

 

For debt and redeemable preferred equity securities of our private finance portfolio for which we do not control or cannot gain control as of the measurement date, we estimate the fair value based on such factors as third-party broker quotes and our own assumptions in the absence of market observable data, including synthetic credit ratings, estimated remaining life, current market yield and interest rate spreads of similar securities as of the measurement date. In accordance with FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. 157-3, Determining the Fair Value

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active (“FSP No. 157-3”), we weight the use of third-party broker quotes in determining fair value based on our understanding of the level of actual transactions used by the broker to develop the quote and whether the quote was an indicative price or binding offer. We estimate the remaining life based on market data of the average life of similar debt securities. However, if we have information available to us that the debt security is expected to be repaid in the near term, we would use an estimated remaining life based on the expected repayment date. If there is a significant deterioration of the credit quality of a debt security, we may consider other factors that a hypothetical market participant would use to estimate fair value, including the proceeds that would be received in a liquidation analysis.

 

We also value our investments in Structured Products using the Market Yield valuation methodology. We estimate the fair value based on such factors as third-party broker quotes and our cash flow forecasts subject to assumptions a market participant would use regarding the investments’ underlying collateral including, but not limited to, assumptions of default and recovery rates, reinvestment spreads and prepayment rates. Cash flow forecasts are discounted using a market participant’s market yield assumptions that are derived from multiple sources including, but not limited to, third-party broker quotes, recent investments and securities and indices with similar structure and risk characteristics. In accordance with FSP No. 157-3, we weight the use of third-party broker quotes in determining fair value based on our understanding of the level of actual transactions used by the broker to develop the quote and whether the quote was an indicative price or binding offer.

 

Due to the uncertainty inherent in the valuation process, such estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the securities existed, and the differences could be material. Additionally, changes in the market environment and other events that may occur over the life of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be different than the valuations currently assigned.

 

Interest Rate Derivatives

 

For interest rate derivative agreements, we estimate the fair value based on the estimated net present value of the future cash flows using a forward interest rate yield curve in effect as of the end of the measurement period, adjusted for nonperformance risk, if any, including a quantitative and/or qualitative evaluation of both our credit risk and our counterparty’s credit risk.

 

Investment Classification

 

As required by the 1940 Act, we classify our investments by level of control. As defined in the 1940 Act, “Control Investments” are investments in those companies that we are deemed to “Control.” “Affiliate Investments” are investments in those companies that are “Affiliated Companies” of us, as defined in the 1940 Act, other than Control Investments. “Non-Control/Non-Affiliate Investments” are those that are neither Control Investments nor Affiliate Investments. Generally, under the 1940 Act, we are deemed to control a company if we own more than 25% of the voting securities of such company or have greater than 50% representation on its board of directors. We are deemed to be an affiliate of a company in which we have invested if we own between 5% and 25% of the voting securities of such company.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of demand deposits and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost which approximates fair value.

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalent accounts that are restricted per our credit agreements for collection of interest and principal payments on loans that are securitized and are required to be used to pay interest and principal on securitized debt are classified as restricted cash. In addition, cash accounts that are restricted as reserves per our credit agreements are classified as restricted cash. Restricted cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost which approximates fair value.

 

Interest and Dividend Income Recognition

 

Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected. Original issue discount (“OID”) is accreted into interest income using the effective interest method. OID initially represents the value of detachable equity warrants obtained in conjunction with the acquisition of debt securities and loan origination fees that represent yield enhancement. Dividend income is recognized on the ex-dividend date for common equity securities and on an accrual basis for preferred equity securities to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected or realized. In determining the amount of dividend income to recognize, if any, from cash distributions on common equity securities, we will assess many factors including a portfolio company’s cumulative undistributed income and operating cash flow. Cash distributions from common equity securities received in excess of such undistributed amounts are recorded first as a reduction of the cost basis of our investment and then as a realized gain on our equity security. We stop accruing interest or dividends on our investments when it is determined that the interest or dividend is not collectible. We assess the collectability of the interest and dividends based on many factors including the portfolio company’s ability to service our loan based on current and projected cash flows as well as the current valuation of the enterprise. For investments with payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest and cumulative dividends, we base income and dividend accruals on the valuation of the PIK notes or securities received from the borrower or the redemption value of the security. If the portfolio company valuation indicates a value of the PIK notes or securities or redemption value that is not sufficient to cover the contractual interest or dividend, we will not accrue interest or dividend income on the notes or securities.

 

Interest income on CMBS, CLO and CDO investments is recognized on the effective interest method as required by Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 99-20, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets (“EITF No. 99-20”). Under EITF No. 99-20, at the time of purchase, we estimate the future expected cash flows and determine the effective interest rate based on these estimated cash flows and our cost basis. Subsequent to the purchase and on a quarterly basis, these estimated cash flows are updated and a revised yield is calculated prospectively based on the current amortized cost of the investment. To the extent the current quarterly estimated cash flows decrease from the prior quarterly estimated cash flows, the revised yield is calculated prospectively based on the current fair value of the investment if the fair value is below cost. In estimating these cash flows, there are a number of assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and contingencies. These include the amount and timing of principal payments (including prepayments, repurchases, defaults and liquidations), the pass through or coupon rate, and interest rate fluctuations. In addition, interest payment shortfalls due to delinquencies on the underlying loans, and the timing of and magnitude of projected credit losses on the loans underlying the securities have to be estimated. These uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may impact our estimates and interest income. As a result, actual results may differ significantly from these estimates.

 

Alternative Asset Management and Other Fee Income Recognition

 

Fees primarily include alternative asset management, portfolio company management, transaction structuring, financing and prepayment fees. Alternative asset management fees represent fees for providing

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

investment advisory services to our alternative asset funds. Portfolio company management fees, which are generally recurring in nature, represent amounts received for providing advice and analysis to our middle market portfolio companies. Alternative asset management and portfolio company management fees are recognized as earned, provided that collection is probable. Transaction structuring and financing fees represent amounts received for structuring, financing and executing transactions and are generally payable only if the transaction closes and are recognized as earned when the transaction is completed. Prepayment fees are recognized as they are received.

 

Realized Gain or Loss and Unrealized Appreciation or Depreciation of Portfolio Investments

 

Realized gain or loss is recorded at the disposition of an investment and is the difference between the net proceeds from the sale and the cost basis of the investment using the specific identification method. We include the fair value of all financial assets received in our net proceeds in determining the realized gain or loss at disposition, including anticipated proceeds held in escrow at the time of sale.

 

Unrealized appreciation or depreciation reflects the difference between the Board of Directors’ valuation of the investments and the cost basis of the investments. For portfolio investments denominated in a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, our investment is translated at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. The resulting translation adjustment is recorded as “Foreign currency translation” in our consolidated statements of operations.

 

Derivative Financial Instruments

 

We use derivative financial instruments consisting primarily of interest rate derivative agreements primarily to manage interest rate risk and to fulfill our obligation under the terms of our secured revolving credit facility and asset securitizations. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. All derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value reflected in net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments during the reporting period. The fair value of interest rate derivative agreements is based on the estimated net present value of the future cash flows using the forward interest rate yield curve in effect at the end of the period, adjusted for non-performance risk based on our credit risk and our counterparty’s credit risk. We consider the impact of any collateral requirements, credit enhancements or netting arrangements in evaluating credit risk. We may hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes to hedge existing investments or to establish a position with respect to investment objectives.

 

Our derivatives are considered economic hedges that do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 133”). We record the accrual of the periodic interest settlements of interest rate derivatives in net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments and subsequently record the amount as a realized gain or loss on investments on the interest settlement date.

 

Distributions to Shareholders

 

Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date.

 

Income Taxes

 

We operate to qualify to be taxed as a RIC under the Code. Generally, a RIC is entitled to deduct dividends it pays to its shareholders from its income to determine taxable income. Dividends declared and paid up to one

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

year after the current tax year can generally be carried back to the prior tax year for determining the dividends paid in such tax year. We have distributed and currently intend to distribute sufficient dividends to eliminate taxable income. We are also subject to a nondeductible federal excise tax if we do not distribute at least 98% of our investment company taxable income in any calendar year and 98% of our capital gain net income for each one-year period ending on October 31.

 

Our consolidated operating subsidy, ACFS, is subject to federal, state and local income tax. We use the liability method in accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements, using statutory tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is provided against deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

 

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the period reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are carried at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets ranging from three to seven years, or the shorter of the estimated useful life or lease term for leasehold improvements.

 

Deferred Financing Costs

 

Financing costs related to long-term debt obligations are deferred and amortized over the life of the debt using either the effective interest method or straight-line method.

 

Transfer of Financial Assets

 

For a transfer of financial assets to be considered a sale, the transfer must meet the sale criteria of SFAS No. 140 under which we must surrender control over the transferred assets. The assets must be isolated from us, even in bankruptcy or other receivership; the purchaser must have the right to pledge or sell the assets transferred and we may not have an option or obligation to reacquire the assets. If the sale criteria are not met, the transfer is considered to be a secured borrowing, the assets remain on our consolidated balance sheets and the sale proceeds are recognized as a liability.

 

The transfers of financial assets to our managed alternative asset funds have been treated as sales by us under SFAS No. 140. The transfer of financial assets to the affiliated statutory trusts and the related sale of notes by our trusts have been treated as secured borrowing financing arrangements by us under SFAS No. 140.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

On January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, (“SFAS No. 123(R)”) a revision to SFAS No. 123. Generally, the approach in SFAS No. 123(R) is similar to the approach

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

described in SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, (“SFAS No. 123”). However, SFAS No. 123(R) requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on their fair values. We adopted SFAS No. 123(R) using the “modified prospective” method. Under the modified prospective method, the consolidated financial statements for prior year interim periods and fiscal years will not reflect any restated amounts.

 

Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), we applied the provisions of SFAS No. 123, which we adopted on January 1, 2003, to our stock options. Accordingly, the estimated fair values of the stock options are expensed over the vesting period of the options and are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. When recognizing compensation cost under SFAS No. 123, we elected to adjust the compensation costs for forfeitures when the unvested awards were actually forfeited. However, under SFAS No. 123(R), we are required to estimate forfeitures of unvested awards when recognizing compensation cost. Upon the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), we recorded a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net of related tax effects, to adjust compensation cost for the difference in compensation costs recognized in prior periods had forfeitures been estimated during those periods of $1 million, or $0.01 per basic and diluted share. We calculated the compensation costs that would have been recognized in prior periods using an estimated annual forfeiture rate of 6.7%.

 

Concentration of Credit Risk

 

We place our cash and cash equivalents with major financial institutions and, at times, cash held in checking accounts may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limit. Our interest rate derivative agreements are with multiple large commercial financial institutions.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In June 2008, the FASB ratified EITF Issue No. 07-5, Determining Whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) Is Indexed to an Entity’s Own Stock (“EITF No. 07-5”). EITF No. 07-5 provides guidance on the determination of whether an instrument (or an embedded feature) is indexed to an entity’s own stock in determining whether an instrument is a derivative. To the extent a derivative instrument or embedded derivative feature is deemed indexed to an entity’s own stock, it may be exempt from the requirements of SFAS No. 133, as well as eligible for equity classification under EITF Issue No. 00-19, Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock (“EITF No. 00-19”). EITF No. 07-5 provides that an entity should determine whether an equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) is indexed to its own stock first by evaluating the instrument’s contingent exercise provisions, if any, and then by evaluating the instrument’s settlement provisions. EITF No. 07-5 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008, with early application prohibited. Management has assessed the impact on our consolidated financial statements of adopting EITF No. 07-5 and does not anticipate its adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. EITF 03-6-1, Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities (“FSP EITF No. 03-6-1”). The objective of this FSP is to address questions that arose regarding whether unvested share-based payment awards with rights to receive dividends or dividend equivalents should be considered participating securities for the purposes of applying the two-class method of calculating earnings per share (“EPS”), pursuant to SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share. In FSP EITF No. 03-6-1, the FASB staff concluded that unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights to receive non-forfeitable dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities,

 

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and thus, should be included in the two-class method of computing EPS. It is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those years with early application prohibited. This FSP requires that all prior-period EPS data be adjusted retrospectively. Management has evaluated the impact on our consolidated financial statements of adopting FSP EITF No. 03-6-1 and does not anticipate its adoption will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 161”). The objective of SFAS No. 161 is to improve financial reporting about derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors to better understand their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 improves transparency about the location and amounts of derivative instruments in an entity’s financial statements; how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133; and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect its financial position, financial performance and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 achieves these improvements by requiring disclosure of the fair values of derivative instruments and their gains and losses in a tabular format. It also provides more information about an entity’s liquidity by requiring disclosure of derivative features that are credit risk–related. Finally, it requires cross-referencing within footnotes to enable financial statement users to locate important information about derivative instruments. SFAS No. 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. We did not early adopt SFAS No. 161. Management is currently evaluating the enhanced disclosure requirements and the impact on our consolidated financial statements of adopting SFAS No. 161.

 

Note 4. Investments

 

Investments consist of securities issued by publicly- and privately-held companies consisting of senior debt, subordinated debt, equity warrants, preferred and common equity securities and derivative agreements. Our debt securities are payable in installments with final maturities ranging generally from five to ten years and many are collateralized by assets of the borrower. We also make investments in securities that do not produce current income. These investments typically consist of equity warrants, common equity and preferred equity and are identified in the accompanying consolidated schedule of investments. We also invest in both investment grade and non-investment grade Structured Products.

 

We fair value our investments in accordance with GAAP as determined in good faith by our Board of Directors. When available, we base the fair value of our investments on directly observable market prices or on market data derived for comparable assets. For all other investments, inputs used to measure fair value reflect management’s best estimate of assumptions that would be used by market participants in pricing the investment in a hypothetical transaction.

 

The levels of fair value inputs used to measure our investments are characterized in accordance with the fair value hierarchy established by SFAS No. 157. Where inputs for an asset or liability fall in more than one level in the fair value hierarchy, the investment is classified in its entirety based on the lowest level input that is significant to that investment’s fair value measurement. We use judgment and consider factors specific to the investment in determining the significance of an input to a fair value measurement. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy and investments that fall into each of the levels are described below:

 

   

Level 1: Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. We use Level 1 inputs for investments in publicly traded unrestricted securities for which we do not have a controlling interest. Such investments are valued at the closing price on the measurement date. We did not value any of our investments using Level 1 inputs as of December 31, 2008.

 

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Level 2: Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

 

   

Level 3: Level 3 inputs are unobservable and cannot be corroborated by observable market data. We use Level 3 inputs for measuring the fair value of substantially all of our investments. See note 3, Valuation of Investments for further information regarding the investment valuation policies used to determine the fair value of our Level 3 investments.

 

The following fair value hierarchy table sets forth our investment portfolio by level as of December 31, 2008 (in millions):

 

     Level 1    Level 2    Level 3     Total  

Senior debt

   $ —      $ —      $ 2,761     $ 2,761  

Subordinated debt

     —        —        2,351       2,351  

Preferred equity

     —        —        1,344       1,344  

Common equity

     —        102      601       703  

Equity warrants

     —        —        74       74  

Structured products

     —        —        186       186  

Derivative and option agreements, net

     —        —        (214 )     (214 )
                              

Total investments, net

   $ —      $ 102    $ 7,103     $ 7,205  
                              

 

The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of investment assets and liabilities measured using Level 3 inputs for the year ended December 31, 2008 (in millions):

 

    Balances,
January 1,
2008
    Realized
Gains
(Losses)(1)
    Reversal of
Prior Period
Appreciation
(Depreciation)
on Realization(2)
    Unrealized
Appreciation
(Depreciation)(2)(3)
    Purchases,
Sales,
Issuances &
Settlements,
Net(4)
    Transfers
In & Out
of Level 3
    Balances,
December 31,
2008
 

Senior debt

  $ 3,555     $ (8 )   $ 13     $ (628 )   $ (171 )   $ —       $ 2,761  

Subordinated debt

    2,334       (29 )     35       (341 )     352       —         2,351  

Preferred equity

    1,957       65       (75 )     (396 )     (207 )     —         1,344  

Common equity

    2,205       112       (131 )     (1,390 )     (119 )     (76 )     601  

Equity warrants

    213       9       (7 )     (48 )     (93 )     —         74  

Structured products

    660       (19 )     19       (606 )     132       —         186  

Derivative and option agreements, net

    (73 )     (40 )     —         (119 )     18       —         (214 )
                                                       

Total

  $ 10,851     $ 90     $ (146 )   $ (3,528 )   $ (88 )   $ (76 )   $ 7,103  
                                                       

 

(1) Included in net realized gain (loss) on investments in the consolidated statement of operations. Excludes $54 million of taxes on net realized gains for the year ended December 31, 2008. Also excludes $9 million in losses on realized foreign currency transactions on American Capital borrowings that are denominated in a foreign currency for the year ended December 31, 2008.
(2) Included in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments in the consolidated statement of operations.
(3) Excludes $8 million of unrealized appreciation related to foreign currency translation for American Capital borrowings that are denominated in a foreign currency for the year ended December 31, 2008.
(4)

Includes increases in the cost basis of investments resulting from new portfolio investments, PIK interest or dividends, the amortization of discounts, premiums and closing fees and the exchange of one or more

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

 

existing securities for one or more new securities as well as decreases in the cost basis of investments resulting from principal repayments or sales and the exchange of one or more existing securities for one or more new securities.

 

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, loans on non-accrual status were $871 million and $338 million, respectively, calculated as the cost plus unamortized OID, and $150 million and $122 million, respectively, at fair value. As of December 31, 2008, loans with a principal balance of $28 million were greater than three months due, excluding loans on non-accrual status. As of December 31, 2007, there were no loans greater than three months past due, excluding loans on non-accrual status.

 

The composition summaries of our investment portfolio, at cost and fair value as a percentage of total investments, excluding derivative and option agreements, are shown in the following tables:

 

     December 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  

COST

    

Senior debt

   31.9 %   33.7 %

Subordinated debt

   26.5 %   23.5 %

Preferred equity

   16.3 %   18.1 %

Common equity

   15.2 %   15.4 %

Structured products

   9.0 %   7.9 %

Equity warrants

   1.1 %   1.4 %
            
   100.0 %   100.0 %
            
     December 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  

FAIR VALUE

    

Senior debt

   37.2 %   32.5 %

Subordinated debt

   31.7 %   21.4 %

Preferred equity

   18.1 %   17.9 %

Common equity

   9.5 %   20.2 %

Structured products

   2.5 %   6.1 %

Equity warrants

   1.0 %   1.9 %
            
   100.0 %   100.0 %
            

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

We use the Global Industry Classification Standards for classifying the industry groupings of our portfolio companies. The following tables show the portfolio composition by industry grouping at cost and at fair value as a percentage of total investments, excluding derivative and option agreements. Our investments in European Capital, CLO and CDO securities are excluded from the table below. Our investments in ACAS CRE CDO 2007-1, Ltd. and CMBS are classified in the Real Estate category.

 

     December 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  

COST

    

Commercial Services and Supplies

   11.7 %   10.6 %

Real Estate

   10.3 %   8.5 %

Household Durables

   9.0 %   8.2 %

Internet and Catalog Retail

   5.2 %   4.9 %

Life Sciences Tools and Services

   3.9 %   3.6 %

Food Products

   3.8 %   4.4 %

Health Care Providers and Services

   3.6 %   3.3 %

Health Care Equipment and Supplies

   3.5 %   2.6 %

Diversified Financial Services

   3.4 %   3.7 %

Hotels, Restaurants and Leisure

   3.3 %   3.2 %

Auto Components

   3.1 %   3.0 %

Construction and Engineering

   3.1 %   3.0 %

Diversified Consumer Services

   3.1 %   4.3 %

Electrical Equipment

   2.8 %   3.3 %

IT Services

   2.2 %   2.0 %

Pharmaceuticals

   2.0 %   1.8 %

Containers and Packaging

   1.9 %   4.4 %

Computers and Peripherals

   1.8 %   1.8 %

Electronic Equipment and Instruments

   1.8 %   1.5 %

Internet Software and Services

   1.7 %   1.6 %

Software

   1.6 %   5.3 %

Building Products

   1.5 %   1.9 %

Leisure Equipment and Products

   1.5 %   1.4 %

Aerospace & Defense

   1.4 %   1.0 %

Other

   12.8 %   10.7 %
            
   100.0 %   100.0 %
            

 

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     December 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  

FAIR VALUE

    

Commercial Services & Supplies

   11.6 %   10.4 %

Household Durables

   7.8 %   7.6 %

Life Sciences Tools & Services

   4.8 %   3.9 %

Real Estate

   4.8 %   6.7 %

Health Care Equipment & Supplies

   4.7 %   3.1 %

Electrical Equipment

   4.7 %   3.8 %

Internet & Catalog Retail

   4.6 %   4.7 %

Diversified Consumer Services

   4.3 %   4.5 %

Diversified Financial Services

   3.6 %   3.5 %

Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure

   3.6 %   3.1 %

Health Care Providers & Services

   3.3 %   3.6 %

Auto Components

   3.2 %   2.8 %

Food Products

   3.0 %   3.6 %

Pharmaceuticals

   2.8 %   1.8 %

Construction & Engineering

   2.7 %   2.9 %

Capital Markets

   2.6 %   5.1 %

Software

   2.3 %   5.4 %

Electronic Equipment & Instruments

   2.2 %   1.4 %

Aerospace & Defense

   2.1 %   1.4 %

Computers & Peripherals

   2.0 %   1.8 %

Building Products

   2.0 %   2.0 %

Energy Equipment & Services

   1.8 %   1.5 %

IT Services

   1.8 %   1.5 %

Containers & Packaging

   1.7 %   4.1 %

Real Estate Investment Trusts

   1.5 %   0.0 %

Other

   10.5 %   9.8 %
            
   100.0 %   100.0 %
            

 

The following tables show the portfolio composition by geographic location at cost and at fair value as a percentage of total investments, excluding Structured Products and derivative and option agreements. The geographic composition is determined by the location of the corporate headquarters of the portfolio company.

 

     December 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  

COST

    

Southwest

   20.8 %   19.9 %

Mid-Atlantic

   19.5 %   23.0 %

International

   16.1 %   12.1 %

Southeast

   12.4 %   13.8 %

Northeast

   11.7 %   12.7 %

South-Central

   11.6 %   11.2 %

North-Central

   7.3 %   6.7 %

Northwest

   0.6 %   0.6 %
            
   100.0 %   100.0 %
            

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

     December 31, 2008     December 31, 2007  

FAIR VALUE

    

Southwest

   24.3 %   19.1 %

Mid-Atlantic

   21.7 %   26.7 %

South-Central

   13.8 %   11.5 %

Northeast

   12.0 %   12.7 %

Southeast

   10.7 %   12.5 %

International

   8.8 %   10.4 %

North-Central

   8.1 %   6.6 %

Northwest

   0.6 %   0.5 %
            
   100.0 %   100.0 %
            

 

Note 5. Borrowings

 

Our debt obligations consisted of the following as of December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 

     2008    2007

Secured revolving credit facility, $500 million and $1,300 million commitment, respectively

   $ —      $ 116

Unsecured revolving credit facility, $1,409 million and $1,565 million commitment, respectively

     1,389      1,350

Unsecured debt due September 2009

     82      82

Unsecured debt due August 2010

     126      126

Unsecured debt due February 2011

     24      27

Unsecured debt due September 2011

     85      85

Unsecured debt due October 2012

     548      547

Unsecured debt due October 2020

     75      75

ACAS Business Loan Trust 2004-1 asset securitization

     201      320

ACAS Business Loan Trust 2005-1 asset securitization

     798      830

ACAS Business Loan Trust 2006-1 asset securitization

     427      436

ACAS Business Loan Trust 2007-1 asset securitization

     381      492

ACAS Business Loan Trust 2007-2 asset securitization

     292      338
             

Total

   $ 4,428    $ 4,824
             

 

The daily weighted average debt balance for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $4,508 million and $4,572 million, respectively. The weighted average interest rate on all of our borrowings, including amortization of deferred financing costs, for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was 4.9%, 6.3% and 6.3%, respectively.

 

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the fair value of the above borrowings was $3,172 million and $4,605 million, respectively. We adopted SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value in terms of the price that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It assumes that the liability is transferred to a market participant at the measurement date and that the nonperformance risk relating to that liability is the same before and after the transfer. Nonperformance risk refers to the risk that the obligation will not be fulfilled and affects the value at which the liability is

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

transferred. The fair value of our debt obligations is based upon market interest rates for entities with similar credit risk, adjusted for nonperformance risk, if any, based on a quantitative and/or qualitative evaluation of our credit risk.

 

Secured Revolving Credit Facility

 

In September 2008, we amended our secured revolving credit facility, administered by Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC, to extend it for an additional year to September 2009. In connection with the renewal, we reduced the facility commitment size from $1,300 million to $500 million. As amended, our ability to make draws under the facility expires as of September 7, 2009, unless extended. If the facility is not extended before the termination date, any principal amounts then outstanding will be due and payable at that time. Interest on borrowings under this facility is paid monthly and is generally charged at one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 2.50%, an increase over the previous spread of 1.125%. In addition, the unused commitment fee increased from 0.125% to 0.50% per annum. The facility contains covenants that, among other things, restrict the loans securing the facility to certain dollar amounts, concentrations in industries, certain loan grade classifications, certain security interests and interest payment terms. It also contains customary default provisions, as well as the following default provisions: a cross-default on our debt of $15 million or more, a minimum consolidated tangible net worth requirement of the greater of (a) $4.2 billion plus seventy five percent (75%) of any capital stock issued or debt conversions that occur after December 31, 2007 and (b) the minimum consolidated tangible net worth requirement set forth in our unsecured revolving credit facility, which is currently $4.5 billion plus forty percent (40%) of any capital stock issued or debt converted after October 1, 2008, a default triggered by a change of control and a default triggered if our senior unsecured issuer or debt rating is downgraded below BB by any rating agency.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we were not in compliance with the minimum consolidated tangible net worth and twelve month portfolio charge-off ratio covenants for this facility. As of December 31, 2008 and February 27, 2009, we had no borrowings outstanding under the facility. We delivered a termination notice to the lenders for this facility on February 27, 2009.

 

Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility

 

In September 2008, we amended our unsecured revolving credit facility administered by an affiliate of Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC. In connection with the amendment, the commitment size of the facility was reduced from $1,565 million to $1,409 million and will be reduced further to $1,252 million on December 31, 2009. The maturity date was also amended from May 2012 to March 2011. Interest on borrowings under this facility is charged at either (i) the applicable index rate and the applicable percentage at such time based on our senior unsecured debt rating, or (ii) for borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars, the greater of the prime rate in effect on such day and the federal funds effective rate in effect on such day plus 0.50%, and for borrowings denominated in an alternative currency, the applicable base rate, in each case, plus the applicable percentage at such time based on our unsecured debt rating. As a result of the amendment, our applicable spread over the applicable index rates increased from 0.90% to 3.25% as of December 31, 2008 and the applicable spread over the applicable base rates increased from 0% to 2.25% as of December 31, 2008. To the extent that our unsecured debt rating decreases, the applicable spread over the applicable index rate and applicable base rate would both increase by 0.50% for each rating decrease to a maximum spread of 4.75% and 3.75%, respectively. We are also charged an unused commitment fee based on our corporate rating. As a result of the amendment, the applicable unused commitment fee for the facility also increased from 0.125% to 0.50% per annum as of December 31, 2008. To the extent that our unsecured debt rating decreases, the unused commitment fee would increase by 0.10% for each rating decrease to a maximum of 0.80%. In connection with the amendment, the minimum

 

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consolidated tangible net worth covenant was decreased to $4.5 billion plus forty percent (40%) of any capital stock issued or debt converted after October 1, 2008. The agreement also contains various other covenants, including maintaining an asset coverage ratio equal to or greater than 1.55 to 1.00 and an interest coverage ratio equal to or greater than 1.75 to 1.00. The agreement also contains a cross-default provision on our consolidated debt of $25 million or more and a default triggered if we fail to maintain an unsecured debt rating equal to or greater than BB by any one rating agency and a default triggered by a change of control.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we were not in compliance with the minimum consolidated tangible net worth covenant for this facility. Pursuant to the terms of the facility, the applicable spread on any borrowings outstanding under this facility could increase by 2.00% during an event of default at the election of our lenders. Once the event of default is cured or waived, the default rate is no longer applicable. We expect the lenders to formally declare an event of default.

 

Unsecured Public Debt

 

In July 2007, we completed a public offering of $550 million of senior unsecured notes for proceeds of $547 million, net of underwriters’ discounts. The notes bear interest at an initial fixed rate of 6.85% and mature in August 2012. Interest payments are due semi-annually on February 1 and August 1 and all principal is due at maturity. At the time of the issuance, the notes were rated Baa2, BBB and BBB by Moody’s Investor Services, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services and Fitch Ratings, respectively. If the ratings of the notes from at least two of the rating agencies are decreased to ratings set forth in the table below, the initial interest rate of 6.85% will increase from the initial interest rate by each of the percentages for the two ratings set forth below:

 

Fitch Rating

  

Interest Rate
Adjustment

  

S&P Rating

  

Interest Rate
Adjustment

  

Moody’s Rating

  

Interest Rate
Adjustment

BB+

   0.25%    BB+    0.25%    Ba1    0.25%

BB

   0.50%    BB    0.50%    Ba2    0.50%

BB-

   0.75%    BB-    0.75%    Ba3    0.75%

B+ or below

   1.00%    B+ or below    1.00%    B1 or below    1.00%

 

If at least two of the rating agencies then subsequently increase their ratings of the notes to any of the ratings set forth above, the interest rate on the notes would decrease such that the interest rate on the notes equals the initial interest rate of 6.85% plus (if applicable) each of the percentages for the ratings set forth above. Each adjustment required by any decrease or increase in the ratings set forth above is made independent of any and all other adjustments, provided that if the ratings from three rating agencies are decreased to the ratings set forth above, then only the lowest two of the three ratings will be utilized for such adjustments. In no event shall the interest rate be reduced below 6.85% or increased above 8.85%. If at least two rating agencies cease to provide ratings for the notes, any increase or decrease necessitated by a reduction or increase in the rating by the remaining rating agency shall be twice the percentages set forth above. As of December 31, 2008, at least two of the rating agencies maintained the rating at either Baa2 or BBB. The indenture contains various covenants, including a covenant that requires us to maintain an asset coverage ratio, as defined in the 1940 Act, of at least 200%. The notes may be redeemed by us in whole or in part, together with an interest premium, as stipulated in the note agreement.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we were not in compliance with the asset coverage covenant for these notes. Such noncompliance could lead to an event of default under the notes after the applicable cure period. Pursuant to the terms of the notes, during an event of default, the trustee or at least 25% of the note holders may

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

declare the principal and accrued interest to be due and payable immediately. As of the date of this filing, an event of default has not occurred and no acceleration actions have been taken by the note holders. However, we have not obtained waivers of the noncompliance issues from the note holders.

 

Unsecured Private Debt

 

In February 2006, we entered into a note purchase agreement to issue €14 million and £3 million of senior unsecured five-year notes to institutional investors in a private placement offering ($27 million and $24 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively). The €14 million Series 2006-A Notes have a fixed interest rate of 5.177% and the £3 million Series 2006-B Notes have a fixed interest rate of 6.565%. Each series matures in February 2011.

 

In September 2005, we entered into a note purchase agreement to issue $75 million of senior unsecured fifteen-year notes to accredited investors in a private placement offering. The unsecured notes have a fixed interest rate of 6.923% through the interest payment date in October 2015 and bear interest at the rate of LIBOR plus 2.65% thereafter and mature in October 2020.

 

In August 2005, we entered into a note purchase agreement to issue an aggregate of $126 million of unsecured five-year notes to institutional investors in a private placement offering. The unsecured notes have a fixed interest rate of 6.14% and mature in August 2010.

 

In September 2004, we sold an aggregate $167 million of unsecured five- and seven-year notes to institutional investors in a private placement offering pursuant to a note purchase agreement. The unsecured notes consist of $82 million of senior notes, Series A and $85 million of senior notes, Series B. The Series A notes have a fixed interest rate of 5.92% and mature in September 2009. The Series B notes have a fixed interest rate of 6.46% and mature in September 2011.

 

The note purchase agreements discussed above contain various covenants, including covenants that require us to maintain an asset coverage ratio, as defined in the 1940 Act, of at least 200%, an available debt asset coverage ratio, a minimum consolidated tangible net worth and a minimum interest coverage ratio. Each note purchase agreement also contains a cross-default provision on our consolidated debt of $15 million or more and a default triggered by a change of control.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we were not in compliance with the minimum consolidated tangible net worth covenants, the available debt asset coverage covenants or the asset coverage covenants for these notes. Pursuant to the terms of the notes, during an event of default the lenders can declare that all amounts outstanding are immediately due and payable and a default rate equal to the greater of 2.00% above the stated rate or 2.00% over the prime rate is applied until all amounts due are paid in full. The note holders can rescind any acceleration if all late payments are made, any events of default are amended, cured or waived and no judgment or decree has been entered for the payment of any monies due on the notes. We expect the note holders to formally declare an event of default.

 

Total Return Swap Facility

 

Our $300 million total return swap facility with Wachovia Bank, N.A. was terminated on December 18, 2008. The balance outstanding on the facility was paid down at the time of the termination.

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

Securitizations

 

As of December 31, 2008, we were in compliance with all of our asset securitizations.

 

In August 2007, we completed a $500 million asset securitization. In connection with the transaction, ACAS Business Loan Trust 2007-2 (“BLT 2007-2”), an indirect consolidated subsidiary, issued $300.5 million Class A notes, $37.5 million Class B notes and $162 million of Class C through Class F notes (collectively, the “2007-2 Notes”). The Class A notes and Class B notes were sold to institutional investors and all of the Class C through Class F notes were retained by us. The 2007-2 Notes are secured by loans originated or acquired by us and sold to our wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, BLT 2007-2. Through February 2008, BLT 2007-2 could have also generally used principal collections from the underlying loan pool to purchase additional loans to secure the 2007-2 Notes. After such time, principal payments on the 2007-2 Notes will generally be applied pro rata to each class of 2007-2 Notes outstanding until the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loan pool is less than $250 million or the occurrence of certain other events. Payments will then be applied sequentially to the Class A notes, the Class B notes, the Class C notes, the Class D notes, the Class E notes and the Class F notes. However, if any loan collateral in the trust becomes a defaulted loan, as defined in the indenture, all interest and principal collections that would be applied to the Class C notes are applied sequentially to pay the principal on the Class A notes and Class B notes in an amount equal to the principal balance of the defaulted loan collateral. As of December 31, 2008, there was defaulted loan collateral in the trust and therefore all interest and principal collections are being applied sequentially to pay down the principal of the notes as outlined above. Subject to continuing compliance with certain conditions, we will remain as servicer of the loans. The Class A notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 40 basis points, the Class B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 100 basis points, the Class C notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 125 basis points, the Class D notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 300 basis points and the Class E and Class F notes retained by us do not have an interest rate. The 2007-2 Notes are secured by loans and assets from our portfolio companies with a principal balance of $443 million as of December 31, 2008. The 2007-2 Notes contain customary default provisions and mature in November 2019 unless redeemed or repaid prior to such date.

 

In April 2007, we completed a $600 million asset securitization. In connection with the transaction, ACAS Business Loan Trust 2007-1 (“BLT 2007-1”), an indirect consolidated subsidiary, issued $351 million Class A notes, $45 million Class B notes, $81 million Class C notes, $45 million Class D notes and $78 million Class E notes (collectively, the “2007-1 Notes”). The Class A notes, Class B notes, Class C notes and $15 million of the Class D notes were sold to institutional investors and $30 million of the Class D notes and all the Class E notes were retained by us. The 2007-1 Notes are secured by loans originated or acquired by us and sold to our wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, BLT 2007-1. Through November 2007, BLT 2007-1 could have also generally used principal collections from the underlying loan pool to purchase additional loans to secure the 2007-1 Notes. After such time, principal payments on the 2007-1 Notes are generally applied pro rata to each class of 2007-1 Notes outstanding until the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loan pool is less than $300 million or the occurrence of certain other events. Payments will then be applied sequentially to the Class A notes, the Class B notes, the Class C notes, the Class D notes and the Class E notes. However, if any loan collateral in the trust becomes a defaulted loan, as defined in the indenture, all interest and principal collections that would be applied to the Class D notes are applied sequentially to pay the principal on the Class A notes, Class B notes and Class C notes in an amount equal to the principal balance of the defaulted loan collateral. As of December 31, 2008, there was defaulted loan collateral in the trust and therefore all interest and principal collections are being applied sequentially to pay down the principal of the notes as outlined above. Subject to continuing compliance with certain conditions, we will remain as servicer of the loans. The Class A notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 14 basis points, the Class B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 31 basis points, the Class C notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 85 basis points, the Class D notes have an

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 185 basis points and the Class E notes retained by us do not have an interest rate. The 2007-1 Notes are secured by loans and assets from our portfolio companies with a principal balance of $467 million as of December 31, 2008. The 2007-1 Notes contain customary default provisions and mature in August 2019 unless redeemed or repaid prior to such date.

 

In July 2006, we completed a $500 million asset securitization. In connection with the transaction, ACAS Business Loan Trust 2006-1 (“BLT 2006-1”), an indirect consolidated subsidiary, issued $291 million Class A notes, $37 million Class B notes, $73 million Class C notes, $35 million Class D notes and $64 million Class E notes (collectively, the “2006-1 Notes”). The Class A notes, Class B notes, Class C notes and Class D notes were sold to institutional investors and the Class E notes were retained by us. The 2006-1 Notes are secured by loans originated or acquired by us and sold to a wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, which in turn sold such loans to BLT 2006-1. Through August 2009, BLT 2006-1 could have also generally used principal collections from the underlying loan pool to purchase additional loans to secure the 2006-1 Notes. After such time, principal payments on the 2006-1 Notes will generally be applied pro rata to each class of 2006-1 Notes outstanding until the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the loan pool is less than $250 million or the occurrence of certain other events. Payments will then be applied sequentially to the Class A notes, the Class B notes, the Class C notes, the Class D notes and the Class E notes. However, if any loan collateral in the trust becomes a defaulted loan, as defined in the indenture, all interest and principal collections that would be applied to the Class E notes are applied sequentially to pay the principal on the Class A notes, Class B notes, Class C notes and Class D notes in an amount equal to the principal balance of the defaulted loan collateral. As of December 31, 2008, there was defaulted loan collateral in the trust and therefore all interest and principal collections are being applied sequentially to pay down the principal of the notes as outlined above. Subject to continuing compliance with certain conditions, we will remain as servicer of the loans. The Class A notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 23 basis points, the Class B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 36 basis points, the Class C notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 65 basis points and the Class D notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 125 basis points. The 2006-1 Notes are secured by loans and assets from our portfolio companies with a principal balance of $491 million as of December 31, 2008. The 2006-1 Notes contain customary default provisions and mature in November 2019 unless redeemed or repaid prior to such date.

 

In October 2005, we completed a $1,000 million asset securitization. In connection with the transaction, ACAS Business Loan Trust 2005-1 (“BLT 2005-1”), an indirect consolidated subsidiary, issued $435 million Class A-1 notes, $150 million Class A-2A notes, $50 million Class A-2B notes, $50 million Class B notes, $145 million Class C notes, $90 million Class D notes and $80 million Class E notes (collectively, the “2005-1 Notes”). The Class A-1 notes, Class A-2A notes, Class A-2B notes, Class B notes and Class C notes were issued to institutional investors and the Class D notes and Class E notes were retained by us. The 2005-1 Notes are secured by loans originated or acquired by us and sold to a wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, which in turn sold such loans to BLT 2005-1. Of the $150 million Class A-2A notes, $82 million was drawn upon in 2005 and the balance of $68 million was drawn upon in 2006. Through January 2009, BLT 2005-1 could have also generally used principal collections from the underlying loan pool to purchase additional loans to secure the 2005-1 Notes. After such time, principal payments on the 2005-1 Notes will be applied first to the Class A-1 notes, Class A-2A notes and Class A-2B notes, next to the Class B notes and then to the Class C notes. However, if any loan collateral in the trust becomes a defaulted loan, as defined in the indenture, all interest and principal collections that would be applied to the Class D notes are applied sequentially to pay the principal on the Class A notes, Class B notes and Class C notes in an amount equal to the principal balance of the defaulted loan collateral. As of December 31, 2008, there was defaulted loan collateral in the trust and therefore all interest and principal collections are being applied sequentially to pay down the principal of the notes as outlined above. Subject to continuing compliance with certain conditions, we will remain as servicer of the loans. The Class A-1 notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 25 basis points, the Class A-2A notes have an

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 20 basis points, the Class A-2B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 35 basis points, the Class B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 40 basis points, and the Class C notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 85 basis points. The 2005-1 Notes are secured by loans and assets from our portfolio companies with a principal balance of $968 million as of December 31, 2008. The 2005-1 Notes contain customary default provisions and mature in July 2019 unless redeemed or repaid prior to such date.

 

In December 2004, we completed a $500 million asset securitization. In connection with the transaction, ACAS Business Loan Trust 2004-1 (“BLT 2004-1”), an indirect consolidated subsidiary, issued $302 million Class A notes, $34 million Class B notes, $74 million Class C notes, $50 million Class D notes, and $40 million Class E notes (collectively, the “2004-1 Notes”). The Class A notes, Class B notes, and Class C notes were issued to institutional investors and the Class D and Class E notes were retained by us. The 2004-1 Notes are secured by loans originated or acquired by us and sold to a wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary, which in turn sold such loans to BLT 2004-1. Through January 2007, BLT 2004-1 could have also generally used principal collections from the underlying loan pool to purchase additional loans to secure the 2004-1 Notes. After such time, payments are first applied to the Class A notes, then to the Class B notes and then to the Class C notes. However, if any loan collateral in the trust becomes a defaulted loan, as defined in the indenture, all interest and principal collections that would be applied to the Class D notes are applied sequentially to pay the principal on the Class A notes, Class B notes and Class C notes in an amount equal to the principal balance of the defaulted loan collateral. As of December 31, 2008, there was defaulted loan collateral in the trust and therefore all interest and principal collections are being applied sequentially to pay down the principal of the notes as outlined above. Subject to continuing compliance with certain conditions, we will remain as servicer of the loans. The Class A notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 32 basis points, the Class B notes have an interest rate of three-month LIBOR plus 50 basis points, and the Class C notes have an interest rate three-month LIBOR plus 100 basis points. The 2004-1 Notes are secured by loans and assets from our portfolio companies with a principal balance of $291 million as of December 31, 2008. The 2004-1 Notes contain customary default provisions and mature in October 2017 unless redeemed or repaid prior to such date.

 

To the extent that we receive unscheduled prepayments on our debt investments that securitize our debt obligations, we are required to apply those proceeds to our outstanding debt obligations.

 

Future Debt Maturities

 

For any of our debt obligations that we were in breach of covenants of as of December 31, 2008, the amounts outstanding are considered immediately due and payable and are classified as maturing in 2009. The maturities of our debt obligations as of December 31, 2008 were as follows:

 

2009

   $ 2,512

2010

     143

2011

     96

2012

     278

2013

     651

Thereafter

     750
      

Total

   $ 4,430
      

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(in millions, except per share data)

 

Note 6. Stock Options

 

We have stock option plans, which provide for the granting of options to employees and non-employee directors to purchase shares of common stock at a price of not less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant.

 

Employee Stock Option Plans for 2003 to 2008

 

For our stock option plans approved by our shareholders from 2003 and forward, the plans provide that unless the Compensation and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Directors (“Compensation Committee”) determines otherwise, the exercise price of the stock options will be automatically reduced by the amount of any cash dividends paid on our common stock after the option is granted but before it is exercised. Beginning in the second quarter of 2005, the Compensation Committee determined that it will no longer reduce the exercise price for these stock options by the amount of any cash dividends paid on our common stock. Stock options granted under these plans vest over a five-year period and may be exercised for a period of no more than ten years from the date of grant. All of the stock options granted under these plans are non-qualified options. As of December 31, 2008, there are 13.5 million shares available to be granted under these stock option plans.

 

In the fourth quarter of 2007, we completed a tender offer to amend the exercise price of certain stock options that had been issued to persons other than our Section 16 officers in previous years. We also entered into separate agreements to amend such stock options held by our Section 16 officers. In each case, the amendments were intended to mitigate certain unfavorable personal tax consequences under Section 409A of the Code. The amendments reset the exercise price of the affected options at the fair market value of the underlying shares of our common stock on the date of option grant. After each of the affected options had been issued, their exercise price had been reduced in amounts equal to certain cash dividends paid on our common stock.

 

The amendment of such options resulted in a stock option modification of 2.9 million shares under SFAS No. 123(R). The terms of the offers required us to make cash payments to 128 option holders in a per share amount equal to the difference between the Black-Scholes value of an option to purchase a share of American Capital stock at the original exercise price of the original option and an option to purchase a share of American Capital stock at the lower, adjusted exercise price. We recorded a liability of $9.1 million at December 31, 2007 for the fully vested cash payments paid in January 2008, of which $0.6 million was charged to stock-based compensation expense and $8.5 million was recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in-capital. The additional stock-based compensation expense amount represents the incremental fair value of the new options and was recognized in 2007 to reflect the future cash payments that were fully vested as of the conclusion of the tender offer and the separate offers to Section 16 officers. Also, as a result of the modification and subsequent re-measurement of the options included in the tender offer and the separate offers to Section 16 officers, we accelerated the recognition of $2 million of unamortized stock-based compensation in 2007 associated with the partial settlement of the unvested portion of the original awards.

 

Employee Stock Option Plans for 2002 and Earlier

 

Stock options under these plans vest over a three-year period and may be exercised for a period of no more than ten years from the date of grant. Options granted under these plans may be either incentive stock options within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code or non-qualified stock options. As of December 31, 2008, there are 0.1 million shares available to be granted under these stock option plans.

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

Non-Employee Director Option Plans

 

Our shareholders approved non-employee director plans in 1998, 2000, 2006 and 2007, and we subsequently received orders from the SEC authorizing such plans. Options granted under the director plans are non-qualified stock options that vest over a three-year period and may be exercised for a period of no more than ten years from the date of grant. During 2008, no options were issued to non-employee directors. As of December 31, 2008, there are 0.1 million shares available to be granted under these stock option plans.

 

Stock Option Activity

 

A summary of the status of all of our stock option plans as of and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:

 

     2008    2007
     Shares     Weighted
Average Exercise
Price
   Shares     Weighted
Average Exercise
Price

Options outstanding, beginning of year

   21.5     $ 37.58    14.5     $ 32.94

Granted

   6.1     $ 26.04    9.1     $ 43.14

Exercised

   (0.2 )   $ 26.32    (1.0 )   $ 30.99

Cancelled and expired

   (1.4 )   $ 38.31    (1.1 )   $ 38.63
                         

Options outstanding, end of year

   26.0     $ 34.91    21.5     $ 37.58
                         

Options exercisable at end of year

   8.7     $ 34.50    4.5     $ 31.64
                         

 

Fair Value Disclosures

 

The following table reflects the weighted average fair value per option granted during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, as well as the weighted average assumptions used in determining those fair values using the Black-Scholes pricing model.

 

     2008     2007     2006  

Options granted (in millions)

     6.1       9.1       7.1  

Fair value on grant date

   $ 1.75     $ 4.37     $ 2.93  

Expected dividend yield

     15.4 %     8.4 %     8.8 %

Expected volatility

     40 %     26 %     22 %

Estimated annual forfeiture rate

     6.3 %     6.6 %     6.7 %

Risk-free interest rate

     3.4 %     4.5 %     4.6 %

Expected life (years)

     7.2       5.4       5.1  

 

The following table summarizes information about our stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2008:

 

Range of Exercise

Prices

  Option Outstanding   Option Exercisable
  Number
Outstanding
  Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual life
  Weighted Average
Exercise Price
  Number
Exercisable
  Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual life
  Weighted Average
Exercise Price

$14.90 to $25.00

  4.9   8.6   $ 21.90   0.9   4.4   $ 22.99

$25.01 to $35.00

  6.6   6.2   $ 31.90   3.5   5.4   $ 30.51

$35.01 to $45.00

  12.3   8.1   $ 39.32   3.7   7.4   $ 39.09

$45.01 to $49.63

  2.2   8.1   $ 48.61   0.6   8.0   $ 48.47
                           
  26.0   7.7   $ 34.91   8.7   6.3   $ 34.50
                           

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

As of December 31, 2008, the total compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards not yet recognized was $47 million that has a weighted average period to be recognized of 3.2 years. There was no intrinsic value for stock options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2008.

 

As of December 31, 2007, the total compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards not yet recognized was $64 million that has a weighted average period to be recognized of 3.6 years. The intrinsic value of stock options outstanding and exercisable was $23 million and $15 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2007.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, we recorded stock-based compensation expense attributable to our stock options of $21 million, $25 million and $16 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $1 million, $14 million and $29 million, respectively.

 

Note 7. Deferred Compensation Plans

 

In the first quarter of 2006, we established a non-qualified deferred compensation plan (the “Plan”) for the purpose of granting bonus awards to our employees. The Compensation Committee is the administrator of the Plan. The Plan is funded through a trust (the “Trust”) which is administered by a third-party trustee. The Compensation Committee determines cash bonus awards to be granted under the Plan and the terms of such awards, including vesting schedules. The cash bonus awards are invested by the Trust in our common stock by purchasing shares on the open market. Awards vest contingent on the employee’s continued employment and the achievement of performance goals, if any, as determined by the Compensation Committee. The Trust provides certain protections of its assets from events other than claims against our assets in the case of bankruptcy. The assets and liabilities of the Trust are consolidated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Shares of our common stock held by the Trust are accounted for as treasury stock in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 

The Plan does not permit diversification and the cash bonus awards must be settled by the delivery of a fixed number of shares of our common stock. The awards under the Plan are accounted for as grants of unvested stock. We record stock-based compensation expense based on the fair market value of our stock on the date of grant. The compensation cost for awards with service conditions is recognized using the straight-line attribution method over the requisite service period. The compensation cost for awards with performance and service conditions is recognized using the accelerated attribution method over the requisite service period. During the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, we granted awards to employees totaling $52 million and $121 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we contributed $44 million of cash to the Trust to acquire 3.2 million shares of our common stock on the open market and 0.4 million forfeited shares were reallocated to plan participants to fund a portion of the awards. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we contributed $109 million of cash to the Trust to acquire 2.7 million shares of our common stock on the open market and 0.3 million forfeited shares were reallocated to plan participants to fund a portion of the awards. During the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, we recorded stock-based compensation expense of $60 million, $46 million and $19 million, respectively, attributable to the Plan. As of December 31, 2008, the total compensation cost related to non-vested bonus awards not yet recognized was $126 million and has a weighted average period to be recognized of 3.7 years. We calculated the compensation expense recognized during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 using an estimated annual forfeiture rate of 6.3%, 6.6% and 6.7%, respectively.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(in millions, except per share data)

 

A summary of our bonus awards under the Plan as of and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:

 

     2008    2007
     Shares     Weighted Average
Grant Date

Fair Value
   Shares     Weighted Average
Grant Date

Fair Value

Non-vested, beginning of year

   5.5     $   39.00    3.3     $   35.65

Granted

   3.6     $ 14.80    3.0     $ 41.03

Shares earned under dividend reinvestment plan

   1.1     $ 23.90    0.3     $ 42.28

Vested

   (1.7 )   $ 37.40    (0.9 )   $ 34.84

Cancelled and expired

   (0.5 )   $ 35.90    (0.2 )   $ 37.92
                         

Non-vested, end of year

   8.0     $ 26.60    5.5     $ 39.00
                         

 

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, there were 1.3 million and 0.5 million shares, respectively, of our common stock in the trust that were vested but not yet distributed to the employees.

 

Note 8. Employee Stock Ownership Plan

 

We maintain an employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”), in which all of our employees participate and which is fully funded on a pro rata basis by us. The plan provides for participants to receive employer contributions of at least 3% of total annual employee compensation, up to certain statutory limitations. Plan participants are fully vested in the employer contributions. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, we accrued $3 million, $2 million and $2 million, respectively, in contributions to the ESOP.

 

We sponsor an employee stock ownership trust to act as the depository of employer contributions to the ESOP as well as to administer and manage the actual trust assets that are deposited into the ESOP.

 

Note 9. Earnings Per Share

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 

     2008     2007    2006

Numerator for basic and diluted net operating income per share

   $ 493     $ 594    $ 425
                     

Numerator for basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share

   $ (3,115 )   $ 700    $ 896
                     

Denominator for basic weighted average shares

     203.7       173.9      135.1

Employee stock options and awards

     —         2.7      1.5

Shares issuable under forward sale agreements

     —         0.3      0.2
                     

Denominator for diluted weighted average shares

     203.7       176.9      136.8
                     

Basic net operating income per common share

   $ 2.42     $ 3.42    $ 3.15

Diluted net operating income per common share

   $ 2.42     $ 3.36    $ 3.11

Basic net (loss) earnings per common share

   $ (15.29 )   $ 4.03    $ 6.63

Diluted net (loss) earnings per common share

   $ (15.29 )   $ 3.96    $ 6.55

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(in millions, except per share data)

 

Stock options and unvested employee stock awards of 30.5 million, 6.9 million and 7.2 million were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, either because the respective exercise prices are greater than the average market value of the underlying stock or their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

 

Note 10. Segment and Geographic Data

 

Reportable segments are identified based on our organizational structure and the business activities from which we earn income. We have determined that we have two primary lines of business: 1) Investing and 2) Asset Management/Advisory.

 

We derive the majority of our operating income and net operating income from our Investing segment, which primarily invests in senior and subordinated debt and equity of middle market companies.

 

Our Asset Management/Advisory segment provides management services to both our portfolio company investments and alternative asset funds. Our Asset Management/Advisory segment includes financial advisory services provided to our portfolio companies and includes both management fees for providing advice and analysis to our portfolio companies, which can be recurring in nature, and transaction structuring and financing fees for structuring, financing and executing middle market transactions, which may not be recurring in nature. These services are primarily provided by our consolidated operating subsidiary, ACFS. Our Asset Management/Advisory segment also includes our alternative asset fund management business, which may be conducted through consolidated operating subsidiaries or wholly-owned portfolio companies. As of December 31, 2008, all of our alternative asset fund management services in our Asset Management/Advisory segment are conducted through our wholly-owned portfolio company, American Capital, LLC. To the extent American Capital, LLC declares regular quarterly dividends of its quarterly net operating income to us, such dividends would be included in our Asset Management/Advisory segment as dividend income. The results for our Asset Management/Advisory segment also include the realized gain (loss) and unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of such wholly-owned portfolio companies.

 

The following tables present segment data for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 

     2008  
     Investing     Asset
Management
and Advisory
    Consolidated  

Interest and dividend income

   $ 932     $ 18     $ 950  

Fee and other income

     11       90       101  
                        

Total operating income

     943       108       1,051  
                        

Interest

     220       —         220  

Salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation

     99       107       206  

General and administrative

     47       48       95  
                        

Total operating expenses

     366       155       521  
                        

Operating income (loss) before income taxes

     577       (47 )     530  

Provision for income taxes

     (14 )     (23 )     (37 )
                        

Net operating income (loss)

     563       (70 )     493  
                        

Net realized gain on investments

     32       —         32  

Net unrealized depreciation of investments

     (3,340 )     (300 )     (3,640 )
                        

Net decrease in net assets resulting from operations

   $ (2,745 )   $ (370 )   $ (3,115 )
                        

Total Assets

   $ 7,728     $ 182     $ 7,910  
                        

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

     2007  
     Investing     Asset
Management
and Advisory
   Consolidated  

Interest and dividend income

   $ 958     $ 41    $ 999  

Fee and other income

     22       219      241  
                       

Total operating income

     980       260      1,240  
                       

Interest

     287       —        287  

Salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation

     85       169      254  

General and administrative

     43       56      99  
                       

Total operating expenses

     415       225      640  
                       

Operating income before income taxes

     565       35      600  

(Provision) benefit for income taxes

     (7 )     1      (6 )
                       

Net operating income

     558       36      594  
                       

Net realized gain on investments

     194       20      214  

Net unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of investments

     (514 )     406      (108 )
                       

Net increase in net assets resulting from operations

   $ 238     $ 462    $ 700  
                       

Total Assets

   $ 11,159     $ 573    $ 11,732  
                       

 

     2006  
     Investing     Asset
Management
and Advisory
    Consolidated  

Interest and dividend income

   $ 667     $ 2     $ 669  

Fee and other income

     22       169       191  
                        

Total operating income

     689       171       860  
                        

Interest

     190       —         190  

Salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation

     53       108       161  

General and administrative

     31       42       73  
                        

Total operating expenses

     274       150       424  
                        

Operating income before income taxes

     415       21       436  

Provision for income taxes

     (4 )     (7 )     (11 )
                        

Net operating income

     411       14       425  
                        

Net realized gain on investments

     157       16       173  

Net unrealized appreciation of investments

     255       42       297  

Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax

     1       —         1  
                        

Net increase in net assets resulting from operations

   $ 824     $ 72     $ 896  
                        

Total Assets

   $ 8,460     $ 149     $ 8,609  
                        

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

The following table presents operating income and assets as of and for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 by geographic location. The geographic location of a portfolio investment is determined by the location of the corporate headquarters of the portfolio company.

 

     2008    2007    2006

Operating income

        

United States

   $ 955    $ 1,169    $ 808

International

     96      71      52
                    

Total operating income

   $ 1,051    $ 1,240    $ 860
                    

Assets

        

United States

   $ 7,271    $ 10,662    $ 7,731

International

     639      1,070      878
                    

Total assets

   $ 7,910    $ 11,732    $ 8,609
                    

 

Note 11. Commitments

 

As of December 31, 2008, we had commitments under loan and financing agreements to fund up to $1,153 million to 62 portfolio companies. These commitments are primarily composed of working capital credit facilities, acquisition credit facilities and subscription agreements. The commitments are generally subject to the borrowers meeting certain criteria such as meeting covenant compliance and availability under borrowing base thresholds. The terms of the borrowings and financings subject to commitment are comparable to the terms of other debt and equity securities in our portfolio.

 

We have non-cancelable operating leases for office space and office equipment. The leases expire over the next fifteen years and contain provisions for certain annual rental escalations. Rent expense for operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $15 million, $14 million and $10 million, respectively.

 

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2008 were as follows:

 

2009

   $ 23

2010

     23

2011

     21

2012

     18

2013

     14

Thereafter

     115
      

Total

   $ 214
      

 

Note 12. Restructuring Costs

 

To better align our organization and cost structure with current economic conditions, we undertook a strategic review of our business in 2008 which resulted in an aggregate restructuring charge of $19 million. The restructuring charge included $10 million for severance and related costs associated with 160 employees notified of termination during 2008 and $9 million of costs related to excess facilities, including $6 million of accelerated

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

depreciation expense offset by a $2 million write-off of deferred rent. The severance and related costs are included in salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation and the excess facilities costs are included in general and administrative in our consolidated statements of operations.

 

The liability for employee severance costs and excess facilities is included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2008, the liability was $12 million, comprised of $7 million of severance and related costs to be paid out in 2009 and net excess facility costs of $5 million to be paid out through 2016.

 

In determining our liability related to excess facilities, we are required to estimate such factors as future vacancy rates, the time required to sublet properties and sublease rates. These estimates will be reviewed quarterly based on known real estate market conditions and the credit-worthiness of subtenants, and may result in revisions to the liability. Our remaining liability of $5 million as of December 31, 2008 related to excess facilities represents gross lease commitments with agreements expiring at various dates through 2016 of approximately $32 million, net of committed and estimated sublease income of approximately $24 million and a present value factor of $3 million. We have entered into signed sublease arrangements for approximately $3 million, with the remaining $21 million based on estimated future sublease income.

 

Note 13. Shareholders’ Equity

 

Our common stock activity for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was as follows:

 

     2008     2007  

Common stock outstanding at beginning of period

   195.9     147.6  

Issuance of common stock

   12.7     47.3  

Issuance of common stock under stock option plans

   0.2     1.0  

Issuance of common stock under dividend reinvestment plan

   —       1.4  

Deconsolidation of stock held in ECFS deferred compensation trusts

   —       0.7  

Purchase of treasury stock

   (0.2 )   —    

Purchase of common stock held in deferred compensation trusts, net

   (3.9 )   (2.1 )
            

Common stock outstanding at end of period

   204.7     195.9  
            

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

Equity Offerings

 

For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, we completed several public offerings of our common stock in which shares were sold either directly by us or by forward purchasers in connection with forward sale agreements (“FSA”). As of December 31, 2008, all of the FSA have been fully settled. The following table summarizes the total shares sold directly by us, including shares sold pursuant to underwriters’ over-allotment options and through FSA, and the proceeds we received, excluding underwriting fees and issuance costs, for the public offerings of our common stock during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 

     Shares Sold    Proceeds, Net of
Underwriters’ Discount
   Average Price
        

Issuances under November 2007 FSA

   4.0    $ 142    $ 35.61

March 2008 public offering

   8.7      302      34.77
              

Total for the year ended December 31, 2008

   12.7    $ 444    $ 34.96
              

November 2007 direct offering

   0.2    $ 9    $ 37.66

Issuances under September 2007 FSA

   6.0      228      37.97

September 2007 public offering

   0.9      34      37.63

Issuances under June 2007 FSA

   5.0      215      43.07

June 2007 public offering

   17.4      748      43.02

June 2007 direct offering

   0.2      11      46.47

Issuances under March 2007 FSA

   6.0      259      43.17

Issuances under January 2007 FSA

   2.0      88      43.84

March 2007 public offering

   4.4      187      43.03

January 2007 public offering

   5.2      231      44.11
              

Total for the year ended December 31, 2007

   47.3    $ 2,010    $ 42.45
              

 

Forward Sale Agreements

 

We periodically complete public offerings where shares of our common stock are sold in which a portion of the shares are offered directly by us and a portion of the shares are sold by third parties, or forward purchasers, in connection with agreements to purchase common stock from us for future delivery dates pursuant to FSA. The shares of common stock sold by the forward purchasers are borrowed from third-party market sources. Pursuant to the FSA, we are required to sell to the forward purchasers shares of our common stock generally at such times as we elect over a one-year period. On a settlement date, we issue and sell shares of our common stock to the forward purchaser at the then applicable forward sale price. The forward sale price is initially the public offering price of shares of our common stock less the underwriting discount. The FSA provide that the initial forward sale price per share is subject to daily adjustment based on a floating interest factor equal to the federal funds rate, less a spread, and also is subject to specified decreases on certain dates during the duration of the agreement. The forward sale prices are also subject to decrease if the total cost to the forward purchasers of borrowing our common stock exceeds a specified amount.

 

Each forward purchaser under a forward sale agreement has the right to accelerate its FSA and require us to physically settle on a date specified by such forward purchaser if certain events occur, such as (1) in its judgment, it is unable to continue to borrow a number of shares of our common stock equal to the number of shares to be delivered by us under its FSA, or the cost of borrowing the common stock has increased above a specified amount, (2) we declare any dividend or distribution on shares of our common stock payable in (i) excess of a specified amount, (ii) securities of another company, or (iii) any other type of securities (other than

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

shares of our common stock), rights, warrants or other assets for payment at less than the prevailing market price in such forward purchaser’s judgment, (3) the net asset value per share of our outstanding common stock exceeds a specified percentage of the then applicable forward sales price, (4) our Board of Directors votes to approve a merger or takeover of us or similar transaction that would require our shareholders to exchange their shares for cash, securities, or other property, or (5) certain other events of default or termination events occur.

 

In accordance with EITF No. 00-19, the FSA are considered equity instruments that are initially measured at a fair value of zero and reported in permanent equity. Subsequent changes in the fair value are not recognized. The shares of common stock are not considered outstanding until issued. Also, in accordance with EITF Issue No. 03-06, Participating Securities and the Two-Class Method Under FASB Statement No. 128, the FSA are not considered participating securities for the purpose of determining basic earnings per share under SFAS No. 128. However, the dilutive impact of the shares issuable under the FSA is included in our diluted weighted average shares under the treasury stock method based on the forward sale price deemed to be most advantageous to the counterparties.

 

As of December 31, 2008, all of the FSA have been fully settled.

 

Undistributed Net Realized Earnings

 

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, our undistributed net realized earnings determined in accordance with GAAP as reflected on our consolidated balance sheets are shown below. The amounts reflect reclassifications between undistributed net realized gains and undistributed net operating income for classification differences in how realized gains and net operating income are recorded under GAAP and capital gains and ordinary income are recorded under tax.

 

     2008     2007

Undistributed net operating income

   $ 103     $ 71

(Distributions in excess of) undistributed realized gains

     (27 )     183
              

Undistributed net realized earnings

   $ 76     $ 254
              

 

Note 14. Interest Rate Derivatives

 

We use interest rate derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate risk and also to fulfill our obligations under the terms of our secured revolving credit facility and asset securitizations. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. All derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value with changes in value reflected in net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments during the reporting period. The fair value of these instruments is based on the estimated net present value of the future cash flows using the forward interest rate yield curve in effect at the end of the period, adjusted for the nonperformance risk of us and our counterparties.

 

We have interest rate swap agreements where we generally pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate based on LIBOR. We also have interest rate swaption agreements where, if exercised, we pay a floating rate based on LIBOR and receive a fixed rate. The fair value and notional amounts of our interest rate derivative agreements are included in the accompanying consolidated schedule of investments.

 

Periodically, an interest rate swap agreement will also be amended. Any underlying unrealized appreciation or depreciation associated with the original interest rate swap agreement at the time of amendment will be factored into the contractual interest terms of the amended interest rate swap agreement. The contractual terms of

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

the amended interest rate swap agreement are set such that its estimated fair value is equivalent to the estimated fair value of the original interest rate swap agreement. No realized gain or loss is recorded upon amendment when the estimated fair values of the original and amended interest rate swap agreement are substantially the same.

 

Note 15. Income Taxes

 

We operate to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify as a RIC, we must annually distribute in a timely manner to our shareholders at least 90% of our taxable ordinary income of our investment company based on our tax fiscal year. Ordinary income includes net short-term capital gains but excludes net long-term capital gains. A RIC is not subject to federal income tax on the portion of its ordinary income and long-term capital gains that are distributed to its shareholders, including “deemed distributions” discussed below. As permitted by the Code, a RIC can designate dividends paid in the subsequent tax year as dividends of current year ordinary income and net long-term gains if those dividends are both declared by the extended due date of the RIC’s federal income tax return and paid to shareholders by the last day of the subsequent tax year. We have distributed, or intend to distribute, sufficient dividends to eliminate taxable income for our completed tax fiscal years. If we fail to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement or otherwise fail to qualify as a RIC in any tax year, we would be subject to income tax in such year on all of our taxable income, regardless of whether we made any distributions to our shareholders. We have a tax fiscal year that ends on September 30.

 

Under the 1940 Act, if a BDC has any senior debt securities outstanding that were publicly issued, the BDC must make provision to prohibit the declaration of any dividend (except a dividend payable in the stock of the BDC) if its asset coverage is below certain thresholds at the time of the distribution after deducting the amount of such dividend. However, we have received guidance from the staff of the SEC that notwithstanding this provision of the 1940 Act, we are able to declare and pay dividends pursuant to a revenue procedure issued by the Internal Revenue Service.

 

On January 7, 2009, the Internal Revenue Service issued a revenue procedure that temporarily allows a RIC to distribute its own stock as a dividend for the purpose of fulfilling its distribution requirements. Pursuant to this revenue procedure, a RIC may treat a distribution of its own stock as a dividend if (i) the stock is publicly traded on an established securities market, (ii) the distribution is declared with respect to a taxable year ending on or before December 31, 2009 and (iii) each shareholder may elect to receive his or her entire distribution in either cash or stock of the RIC subject to a limitation on the aggregate amount of cash to be distributed to all shareholders, which must be at least 10% of the aggregate declared distribution. If too many shareholders elect to receive cash, each shareholder electing to receive cash will receive a pro rata amount of cash (with the balance of the distribution paid in stock). In no event will any shareholder electing to receive cash receive less than 10% of his or her entire distribution in cash.

 

In addition, a RIC may elect to retain its long-term capital gains by designating them as a “deemed distribution” to its shareholders and paying a federal tax of 35% on the long-term capital gains for the benefit of its shareholders. Shareholders would then report their share of the retained long-term capital gains on their income tax returns as if it had been received and report a tax credit for the tax paid on their behalf by the RIC. Shareholders then add the amount of the “deemed distribution,” net of such tax, to the basis of their shares.

 

We declared dividends of $623 million, $655 million and $454 million, or $3.09, $3.72 and $3.33 per share for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. For income tax purposes, our

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

distributions to shareholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 were composed of $2.39 per share of ordinary income and $0.70 per share of long-term capital gains. For income tax purposes, our distributions to shareholders for both fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 were composed of ordinary income.

 

For the tax years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, we had net long-term capital gains of $155 million, $142 million and $43 million, respectively. For the tax years ended September 30, 2008 and 2006, we elected to retain such long-term capital gains by treating them as a “deemed distribution” and paying the federal tax on behalf of our shareholders of $54 million and $15 million, respectively, which is included in taxes on net realized gain on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For the tax year ended September 30, 2007, we elected to distribute such long-term capital gains to our shareholders by designating a portion of our dividends as dividends of our long-term capital gains.

 

As of September 30, 2008, we had undistributed ordinary income of $514 million. We paid a dividend of $218 million on October 14, 2008 reducing our undistributed ordinary income to $296 million. In order for this undistributed ordinary income to be considered distributed for our tax year ended September 30, 2008, it will need to be declared as a dividend by June 15, 2009 and paid by September 30, 2009. As of September 30, 2008, we did not have any undistributed long-term capital gains since they are treated as being distributed through the “deemed distribution”.

 

As a RIC, we are also subject to a nondeductible federal excise tax of 4% if we do not distribute at least 98% of our ordinary income, excluding net short-term capital gains, in any calendar year and 98% of our capital gains for each one-year period ending October 31, including any undistributed income from the prior excise tax year. For the calendar years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 and the one-year periods ending October 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, we did not distribute at least 98% of our ordinary income and capital gains and paid the 4% excise tax. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, we accrued $14 million, $7 million and $4 million, respectively, of excise tax attributable to undistributed ordinary income, which is included in our provision for income taxes on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we accrued $6 million and $2 million, respectively, of excise tax attributable to undistributed capital gains, which is included in taxes on net realized gain on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 

The aggregate gross unrealized appreciation of our investments over cost for federal income tax purposes was $469 million and $1,134 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The aggregate gross unrealized depreciation of our investments under cost for federal income tax purposes was $4,142 million and $1,039 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The net unrealized depreciation over cost for federal income tax purposes was $3,673 million as of December 31, 2008 and net unrealized appreciation over cost for federal income tax purposes was $95 million as of December 31, 2007. The aggregate cost of securities for federal income tax purposes was $10,878 million and $10,756 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

Our consolidated taxable operating subsidiary, ACFS, is subject to federal, state and local income tax. Prior to the deconsolidation of ECFS in the second quarter of 2007 (see note 18), our tax provision included ECFS which is subject to foreign and local income tax in its respective jurisdictions.

 

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(in millions, except per share data)

 

Deferred income tax balances for our taxable operating subsidiaries reflect the impact of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their tax basis and are stated at tax rates expected to be in effect when taxes are actually paid or recovered. A valuation allowance is provided against deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. In determining if our deferred tax asset is realizable, we consider the forecasted future taxable income of ACFS as well as any tax planning strategies. Considering the current macroeconomic environment, we concluded that it is more likely than not that we would not realize most of our deferred tax asset with future taxable income of ACFS. Accordingly, we recorded an increase to our valuation allowance of $52 million in 2008. We will continue to evaluate the valuation allowance each reporting period, and if we determine that it is more likely than not that the realizable amount of the deferred tax asset exceeds the valuation allowance, we would reduce the valuation allowance. The components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities for our taxable operating subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 were as follows:

 

     2008     2007  

Deferred tax assets:

    

Stock-based compensation

   $ 34     $ 24  

Net operating loss carryforward

     11       —    

Deferred rent liability

     8       5  

Allowance for doubtful accounts

     3       3  

Property and equipment

     1       —    
                

Total deferred tax asset

     57       32  
                

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

Property and equipment

     —         (2 )
                

Total deferred liability

     —         (2 )
                

Valuation allowance

     (52 )     —    
                

Net deferred tax asset

   $ 5     $ 30  
                

 

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the provision for income taxes, including the excise tax, was comprised of the following:

 

     2008     2007     2006  

Current tax (benefit) expense:

      

Federal

   $ (1 )   $ 11     $ 10  

State

     (1 )     3       3  

Foreign

     —         1       1  
                        

Total current tax (benefit) expense

     (2 )     15       14  
                        

Deferred tax provision (benefit)

      

Federal

     19       (20 )     (5 )

State

     6       4       (2 )
                        

Total deferred tax provision (benefit)

     25       (16 )     (7 )
                        

Total provision (benefit) for income taxes of taxable operating subsidiaries

     23       (1 )     7  

Excise tax

     14       7       4  
                        

Total provision for income taxes

   $ 37     $ 6     $ 11  
                        

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(in millions, except per share data)

 

A reconciliation between the taxes computed at the federal statutory rate and our effective tax rate for our taxable operating subsidiaries for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 is as follows:

 

     2008     2007     2006  

Federal statutory tax

   $ (23 )   $ (1 )   $ 6  

State taxes, net of federal tax benefit

     (4 )     —         1  

Change in valuation allowance

     52       —         —    

Foreigh tax rate differences

     —         (1 )     (2 )

Non-deductible compensation

     —         1       1  

Other

     (2 )     —         1  
                        

Effective income tax

   $ 23     $ (1 )   $ 7  
                        

 

We adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN No. 48”), on January 1, 2007. FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing the minimum recognition threshold an uncertain tax position is required to meet before tax benefits associated with such uncertain tax position are recognized in the financial statements. Our adoption of FIN No. 48 did not require a cumulative effect adjustment to the January 1, 2007 undistributed net realized earnings. We classify interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of provision for income taxes.

 

Based on our analysis of our tax position, we concluded that we did not have any uncertain tax positions that met the recognition or measurement criteria of FIN No. 48. We did not have any unrecognized tax benefits as of both December 31, 2008 and 2007.

 

Although we file federal and state tax returns, our major tax jurisdiction is federal for American Capital and ACFS. The 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007 federal tax years for American Capital and ACFS remain subject to examination by the IRS.

 

Note 16. Related Party Transactions

 

In prior years, we provided loans to employees for the exercise of options under the employee stock option plans. The loans require the current payment of interest at a market rate, have varying terms not exceeding nine years and have been recorded as a reduction of shareholders’ equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The loans are evidenced by full recourse notes that are due upon maturity or 60 days following termination of employment. The shares of common stock purchased with the proceeds of the loan are posted as collateral. If 95% of the value of the common stock collateral drops to less than the outstanding loan balance, the loan maturity will be accelerated and the collateral foreclosed upon. The value of the common stock is defined as the greater of the average closing price for the last 20 trading days or our net asset value per share. In using the net asset value per share to determine the value of the common stock, the net asset value per share in our most recent quarterly or annual reports as of the date it is filed is used. The employee may avoid acceleration and foreclosure by delivering additional collateral to us. As of December 31, 2008, the value of the common stock posted as collateral for these loans is less than the outstanding loan balance. Notes receivable from the sale of common stock under these loans were $5 million and $7 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and are included in shareholders’ equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Subsequent to December 31, 2008, additional collateral was posted for these loans.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(in millions, except per share data)

 

Note 17. Asset Sales

 

American Capital Equity II, LP

 

In October 2007, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement with American Capital Equity II, LP (“ACE II”) for the sale of approximately 17% of our equity investments (other than warrants associated with debt investments) in 80 portfolio companies. ACE II is a private equity fund with $585 million of equity commitments from third-party investors. The aggregate purchase price was $488 million. The remaining $97 million equity commitment will be used by ACE II to fund add-on investments in the 80 portfolio companies. As of December 31, 2008, there is $89 million of remaining equity commitments available for future add-on investments. In addition, 10%, or $58.5 million, of the $585 million of equity commitments are recallable by American Capital, LLC for add-on investments with American Capital once they have been distributed to the third-party ACE II investors. As of December 31, 2008, there were $59 million of recallable distributions available for add-on investments.

 

American Capital, LLC manages ACE II in exchange for a 2% annual management fee on the cost basis of ACE II’s investments and a 10% to 30% carried interest in the net profits of ACE II, subject to certain hurdles. To date, we have not recognized any carried interest in net operating income. We do not have a direct economic interest in ACE II and there are no arrangements that require us to provide any form of financial support to ACE II, nor have we provided any financial or other support during 2008 and 2007.

 

We recorded a total net realized gain of $78 million upon the sale of the $488 million of investments. In accordance with SFAS No. 140, we included in our sale proceeds the fair value of the management agreement associated with the $488 million of investments sold. The fair value of this portion of the agreement was estimated to be $20 million and was treated as being contributed to American Capital, LLC and increasing our cost basis in our investment in American Capital, LLC. As a result, our $78 million net realized gain on the transaction includes a $20 million realized gain for the value of a portion of the management agreement obtained in connection with the sale. The proceeds were recognized in the investing section of our consolidated statement of cash flows. Limited partners of ACE II, excluding any limited partner that is our affiliate, holding a majority of the aggregate commitments may require it to dispose of its investments acquired from us which could significantly impact the value of the management agreement. Changes in the fair value of the management agreement are recognized as part of the fair valuation of American Capital, LLC. The fair value is primarily based on our estimate of future cash flows related to both the management fee and carried interest discounted at a market discount rate for comparable companies.

 

ACAS CRE CDO 2007-1, Ltd.

 

In the third quarter of 2007, we sold our investments in 121 subordinated tranches of bonds in 22 CMBS trusts to ACAS CRE CDO 2007-1, Ltd. (“ACAS CRE CDO”), a new commercial real estate collateralized debt obligation trust. Our cost basis in the CMBS bonds sold to ACAS CRE CDO was $642 million with a principal balance of $1.2 billion. Third-party investors in ACAS CRE CDO purchased AAA through A- bonds for a total purchase price of $411 million with a principal balance of $412 million. We purchased investment grade and non-investment grade notes and preferred shares of ACAS CRE CDO for a total purchase price of $215 million with a principal balance of $763 million. In accordance with SFAS No. 140, the securities that we purchased are considered to be beneficial interests in the sold CMBS bonds that are retained by us. The beneficial interests that continue to be held by us were measured at the date of transfer by allocating the previous carrying amount of the sold CMBS bonds between the ACAS CRE CDO notes sold to third parties and the ACAS CRE CDO notes and preferred shares that we continue to hold based on their relative fair values. To the extent available, the fair

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(in millions, except per share data)

 

values were based on the purchase price paid by third-parties. If not available, the fair values were based on a discounted cash flow analysis utilizing loss assumptions based on historical experience and a discount rate representative of a comparable yield for a similar security. The fair value of our investment in ACAS CRE CDO as of December 31, 2008 was $18 million.

 

American Capital, LLC serves as the collateral manager for ACAS CRE CDO in exchange for an annual senior management fee of 7.5 basis points and a subordinate fee of 7.5 basis points. In accordance with SFAS No. 140, the fair value of the collateral management agreement, estimated to be $2 million, was included as additional sale proceeds and treated as being contributed to American Capital, LLC increasing our cost basis in that portfolio investment. We recorded a net realized loss of $22 million in 2007 related to this transaction. The proceeds were recognized in the investing section of our consolidated statement of cash flows.

 

American Capital Equity I, LLC

 

On October 1, 2006, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement with American Capital Equity I, LLC (“ACE I”) for the sale of 30% of our equity investments (other than warrants issued with debt investments) in 96 portfolio companies to ACE I. ACE I is a private equity fund with $1 billion of equity commitments from third-party investors. The aggregate purchase price was $671 million. Also, ACE I co-invested with American Capital in an amount equal to 30% of equity investments made by American Capital between October 2006 and November 2007 until the $329 million remaining equity commitment was exhausted. In addition, 10%, or $100 million, of the $1 billion of equity commitments are recallable by American Capital, LLC for add-on investments with American Capital once they have been distributed to the third-party ACE I investors. As of December 31, 2008, there were $84 million of recallable distributions available for add-on investments.

 

American Capital, LLC manages ACE I in exchange for a 2% annual management fee on the net cost basis of ACE I and a 10% to 30% carried interest in the net profits of ACE I, subject to certain hurdles. To date, we have not recognized any carried interest in net operating income. We do not have a direct economic interest in ACE I and there are no arrangements that require us to provide any form of financial support to ACE I, nor have we provided any financial or other support during 2008, 2007 and 2006.

 

We recorded a total net realized gain of $59 million upon the sale of the $671 million of investments. In accordance with SFAS No. 140, we included in our sale proceeds the estimated fair value of the management agreement associated with the $671 million of investments sold. The fair value of this portion of the agreement was estimated to be $16 million and was treated as being contributed to American Capital, LLC and included in our cost basis in our investment in American Capital, LLC. As a result, our $59 million net realized gain on the transaction includes a $16 million realized gain for the value of a portion of the management agreement received as sale proceeds. The proceeds were recognized in the investing section of our consolidated statement of cash flows. Members of ACE II, excluding any member that is our affiliate, holding a majority of the aggregate commitments may require it to dispose of its investments acquired from us which could significantly impact the value of the management agreement. Changes in the fair value of the management agreement are recognized as part of the fair valuation of American Capital, LLC. The fair value is primarily based on our estimate of future cash flows related to both the management fee and carried interest discounted at a market discount rate for comparable companies.

 

Note 18. Investment in European Capital

 

Original Private Placement

 

On September 30, 2005, European Capital, a company incorporated in Guernsey, closed on a private offering of €750 million of equity commitments. We provided €521 million of the equity commitments and third- party institutional investors provided €229 million of the remaining equity commitments. European Capital

 

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AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(in millions, except per share data)

 

invests in and sponsors management and employee buyouts, invests in private equity buyouts and provides capital directly to private and mid-sized public companies primarily in Europe. Our investment in European Capital is treated as portfolio investment.

 

ECFS, our wholly-owned entity, entered into an investment management and services agreement with European Capital. Pursuant to the investment management agreement and services agreement, ECFS provided investment advisory and management services to ECAS SICAR and received a management fee equal to 1.25% of the greater of European Capital’s weighted average gross assets or €750 million. In addition, European Capital reimbursed ECFS for all costs and expenses incurred during the term of the agreement, subject to certain exclusions. In addition, ECFS received 18.75 million warrants to purchase preferred shares of European Capital representing 20% of European Capital’s preferred shares on a fully-diluted basis. The initial exercise price of the warrants was €10 per share, which was the same per share price that the original investors purchased their preferred shares in the initial private offering. The per share exercise price on the warrants would be reduced by dividends declared on the preferred shares.

 

Initial Public Offering

 

On May 10, 2007, European Capital closed on an IPO of 14.6 million ordinary shares (including the full exercise of the over-allotment option of 1.9 million shares) at a price of €9.84 per ordinary share for gross proceeds of €144 million ($196 million). The shares are traded on the main market of the London Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “ECAS.”

 

Prior to the IPO, American Capital’s investment in European Capital consisted of 52.1 million participating preferred shares and warrants held by ECFS to purchase 18.75 million participating preferred shares. Immediately preceding the IPO, ECFS exercised its warrant to purchase 18.75 million participating preferred shares for an adjusted exercise price of €9.50 per share, or €178 million ($242 million), and assigned the shares to American Capital. As a result of the IPO, the warrant agreement was terminated, and ECFS will not receive any future warrants. The 18.75 million participating preferred shares received upon the assignment from ECFS and our existing 52.1 million participating preferred shares were redesignated as ordinary shares as part of the capital reorganization that took effect upon the closing of the IPO. As a result of the IPO, our ownership interest in European Capital was reduced to a 65% controlling ownership interest. Subsequent to the IPO, American Capital purchased an additional $17 million of ordinary shares in the open market increasing its ownership in European Capital to 67% with a cost basis of $922 million and fair value of $117 million as of December 31, 2008.

 

Due to the dilution of our ownership interest in European Capital as a result of the IPO, ECFS, the investment manager of European Capital, was no longer considered to be providing substantially all of its services directly or indirectly to American Capital or its portfolio companies. As a result, in accordance with our consolidation policy, ECFS was deconsolidated prospectively during the second quarter of 2007 and is recorded at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets as part of the fair value of American Capital, LLC, ECFS’ parent and our portfolio investment.

 

In addition, as part of the IPO, ECFS’ existing investment management agreement and services agreement with European Capital was terminated and ECFS and European Capital entered into a new investment management agreement to provide investment advisory and management services. Under the terms of the new investment management agreement, ECFS will receive an annual management fee equal to 2% of the weighted average monthly consolidated gross asset value of all the investments of European Capital, an incentive fee equal to 100% of the net earnings in excess of a return of 8% but less than a return of 10% and 20% of the net earnings thereafter, and certain expense reimbursements not to exceed a cap of 0.25% per year of the weighted average monthly consolidated gross asset value of the all investments of European Capital.

 

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AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(in millions, except per share data)

 

In connection with the termination of the old management agreement, ECFS received a €10 million ($13 million) cash termination payment. In addition, prepaid management fees paid to ECFS under the old investment management agreement of €6 million ($8 million) related to prepaid cost reimbursements were accounted for by ECFS as an additional termination fee. These amounts were recorded as deferred revenue by American Capital, LLC, the parent of ECFS, and are being amortized into income by American Capital, LLC over four years, the minimum service period required by ECFS under the new investment management agreement. It is expected that American Capital, LLC will declare a quarterly dividend of its quarterly net operating income to us, to the extent available, which will include the amortization of this deferred revenue.

 

Revolving Credit Facilities and Put Option Agreement

 

In February 2008, we provided a $400 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Term A Facility”) to European Capital. Borrowings under the Term A Facility bear interest at LIBOR plus 700 basis points. The Term A Facility has an unused commitment fee of 20 basis points and matures in February 2011. As of December 31, 2008, the outstanding balance under the Term A Facility was $364 million and the remaining unfunded commitment was $36 million. In October 2008, we amended the loan agreement to extend an additional $250 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Term B Facility”) to European Capital. Borrowings under the Term B Facility bear interest at LIBOR plus 800 basis points. The Term B Facility has an unused commitment fee of 20 basis points and matures in November 2009. As of December 31, 2008, there was no outstanding balance under the Term B. Under each facility, standby letters of credit can be issued for the account of European Capital. Issuances of standby letters of credit would reduce the available commitments under each facility. Any funding of a standby letter of credit that is not reimbursed by European Capital on the disbursement date will bear interest at the rate of the respective facility. As of December 31, 2008, there were $141 million of standby letters of credit issued under the both facilities.

 

On November 19, 2008 we entered into a put option agreement with European Capital under which European Capital can put some or all of certain investments to us at a predetermined put price of €332 million (approximately $467 million as of December 31, 2008). The fair value of the investments at the date of the put option agreement was €313 million (approximately $396 million as of November 19, 2008). Under the terms of the agreement, the put option may be exercised at any time commencing on January 1, 2010 and expiring on December 31, 2010. If, prior to January 1, 2010, the investments are sold to a third-party for less than the predetermined put price, we are required to pay European Capital an amount equal to the difference between the predetermined put price and the amount received on the sale. In consideration for entering into the put option, European Capital paid us a premium of €16 million ($20 million). The fair value of the put option liability as of December 31, 2008 is $69 million which is included in derivative and option agreements in our consolidated balance sheet and the change in fair value is recorded in unrealized (depreciation) appreciation of investments in our consolidated statement of operations.

 

Proposed Implementation Agreement

 

On November 10, 2008, American Capital and European Capital entered into an implementation agreement regarding our proposal to acquire all of the ordinary shares of European Capital held by other investors, representing 32.3% of European Capital’s outstanding ordinary shares, by means of a scheme of arrangement provided for under Guernsey company law. Terms of the agreement call for each European Capital shareholder to receive 0.333 American Capital shares of common stock for every one ordinary share of European Capital. Based on the outstanding ordinary shares of European Capital, this would represent 11.5 million shares of our common stock. The proposed acquisition is subject to approval by a special majority of the shareholders of European Capital other than American Capital, and Guernsey court approval and other normal closing

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(in millions, except per share data)

 

requirements. The proposed acquisition is expected to close in the first quarter of 2009. The implementation agreement provides that prior to the closing of the transaction European Capital will not declare additional dividends without the prior approval of us. In the event that any dividends are declared by either us or European Capital with a record date after the date of this announcement and prior to effective date, an appropriate adjustment will be made to the consideration payable to European Capital shareholders pursuant to the agreement. On February 19, 2009, American Capital shareholders approved a proposal authorizing American Capital to sell shares of its common stock below its NAV per share in certain instances, including in connection with the proposed acquisition of European Capital. European Capital shareholders are scheduled to vote on the proposed transaction on March 19, 2009.

 

Note 19. Selected Quarterly Data (Unaudited)

 

The following tables present our quarterly financial information for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 

    Three Months Ended     Year Ended
December 31, 2008
 
    March 31, 2008     June 30, 2008     September 30, 2008     December 31, 2008    

Total operating income

  $ 292     $ 263     $ 278     $ 218     $ 1,051  

Net operating income (“NOI”)

  $ 151     $ 145     $ 153     $ 44     $ 493  

Net decrease in net assets resulting from operations

  $ (813 )   $ (70 )   $ (548 )   $ (1,684 )   $ (3,115 )

NOI per basic common share

  $ 0.77     $ 0.71     $ 0.74     $ 0.21     $ 2.42  

NOI per diluted common share

  $ 0.77     $ 0.71     $ 0.74     $ 0.21     $ 2.42  

Loss per basic common share

  $ (4.16 )   $ (0.34 )   $ (2.63 )   $ (8.13 )   $ (15.29 )

Loss per diluted common share

  $ (4.16 )   $ (0.34 )   $ (2.63 )   $ (8.13 )   $ (15.29 )

Basic shares outstanding

    195.2       204.4       208.1       207.1       203.7  

Diluted shares outstanding

    195.2       204.4       208.1       207.1       203.7  
    Three Months Ended     Year Ended
December 31, 2007
 
    March 31, 2007     June 30, 2007     September 30, 2007     December 31, 2007    

Total operating income

  $ 250     $ 326     $ 310     $ 354     $ 1,240  

Net operating income

  $ 114     $ 153     $ 153     $ 174     $ 594  

Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations

  $ 134     $ 788     $ 21     $ (243 )   $ 700  

NOI per basic common share

  $ 0.75     $ 0.93     $ 0.82     $ 0.91     $ 3.42  

NOI per diluted common share

  $ 0.73     $ 0.91     $ 0.81     $ 0.91     $ 3.36  

Earnings (loss) per basic common share

  $ 0.88     $ 4.77     $ 0.11     $ (1.27 )   $ 4.03  

Earnings (loss) per diluted common share

  $ 0.86     $ 4.68     $ 0.11     $ (1.27 )   $ 3.96  

Basic shares outstanding

    152.7       165.1       186.8       190.6       173.9  

Diluted shares outstanding

    156.1       168.5       189.3       190.6       176.9  

 

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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

None.

 

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure based on the definition of “disclosure controls and procedures” as promulgated under the SEC Act of 1934, as amended. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

 

American Capital, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2008. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting is included in “Item 8.—Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There have been no significant changes in our internal controls over financial reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect the internal controls over financial reporting during the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Item 9B. Other Information

 

None.

 

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PART III

 

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

 

Information in response to this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the information provided in our Proxy Statement for our 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “2009 Proxy Statement”) under the headings “PROPOSAL 1: ELECTION OF DIRECTORS”, “REPORT OF THE AUDIT AND COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE”, “SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE” and “CODE OF ETHICS AND CONDUCT.”

 

Item 11. Executive Compensation

 

Information in response to this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the information provided in the 2009 Proxy Statement under the heading “COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS AND NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS.”

 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

Information in response to this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the information provided in the 2009 Proxy Statement under the heading “SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT AND CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS.”

 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 

Information in response to this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the information provided in the 2009 Proxy Statement under the heading “CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS.”

 

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

Information in response to this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the information provided in the 2009 Proxy Statement under the heading “REPORT OF AUDIT AND COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE” and “PROPOSAL 6: RATIFICATION OF SELECTION OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS.”

 

PART IV

 

Item 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 

  (a) List of documents filed as part of this report:

 

  (1) The following financial statements are filed herewith:

 

  Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007

 

  Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

 

  Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets for the Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

 

  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

 

  Consolidated Financial Highlights for the Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004

 

  Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of December 31, 2008 and 2007

 

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  (2) The following financial statement schedules are filed herewith:

 

  Schedule 12-14 Investments in and Advances to Affiliates

 

  (3) The following exhibits are filed herewith or incorporated herein by reference

 

Exhibit

  

Description

*3.1.    American Capital Strategies, Ltd. Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit II to the Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting (File No. 814-00149), filed on April 9, 2008.
*3.2.    American Capital Strategies, Ltd. Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of Form 10-Q dated August 11, 2008.
*4.1.    Instruments defining the rights of holders of securities: See Article IV of our Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit II to the Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting (File No. 814-00149), filed on April 9, 2008.
*4.2.    Instruments defining the rights of holders of securities: See Section I of our Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of Form 10-Q dated August 11, 2008.
*4.3.    Indenture between American Capital Strategies, Ltd and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, dated as of April 26, 2007, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.d.3. of the Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-142398), filed on April 26, 2007.
*4.4.    Statement of Eligibility of Trustee on Form T-1, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 25 of the Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-142398), filed on April 26, 2007.
*4.5.    Form of First Supplemental Indenture by and between American Capital Strategies, Ltd. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, dated as of July , 2007, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.d.4. of the Post Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-142398), filed on July 18, 2007.
*4.6.    Form of 6.85% Senior Note due 2012, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.d.5. of the Post Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-142398), filed on July 18, 2007.
*10.1.    Form of American Capital, Ltd. 2008 Stock Option Plan incorporated by reference to Exhibit I to the Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting, filed on April 9, 2008.
*10.2.    Amendment No. 6, dated September 8, 2008, to Third Amended and Restated Loan Funding and Servicing Agreement by and among American Capital, Ltd., as the servicer, ACS Funding Trust I, as the borrower, Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC, as the deal agent, the Lenders and Lender Agents party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as the backup servicer and as the collateral custodian incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 10-Q (File No. 814-00149), filed on November 10, 2008.
*10.3.    Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, by and among American Capital, Ltd. as the borrower and each of the banks and other financial institutions identified as Lenders therein, dated September 29, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K dated October 3, 2008.
*10.4.    Amendment No. 2 to American Capital Strategies, Ltd.’s Amended and Restated Incentive Bonus Plan incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Form 10-Q (File No. 814-00149), filed August 11, 2008.

 

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Exhibit

  

Description

10.5.    Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between American Capital, Ltd. and Steven W. Burge, executed as of December 23, 2008, filed herewith.
10.6.    Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between American Capital, Ltd. and Roland Cline, executed as of December 23, 2008, filed herewith.
10.7.    Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between American Capital, Ltd. and John Erickson, executed as of December 23, 2008, filed herewith.
10.8.    Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between American Capital, Ltd. and Samuel A. Flax, executed as of December 23, 2008, filed herewith.
10.9.    Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between American Capital, Ltd. and Brian Graff, executed as of December 23, 2008, filed herewith.
10.10.    Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between American Capital, Ltd. and Gordon O’Brien, executed as of December 23, 2008, filed herewith.
10.11.    Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between American Capital, Ltd. and Ira Wagner, executed as of December 23, 2008, filed herewith.
10.12.    Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between American Capital, Ltd. and Malon Wilkus, executed as of December 23, 2008, filed herewith.
10.13.    Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between American Capital, Ltd. and Darin Winn, executed as of December 23, 2008, filed herewith.
10.14    American Capital, Ltd. Disinterested Director Retention Plan, as amended on December 11, 2008, filed herewith.
12.1    Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
*14.0.    American Capital Strategies, Ltd. Code of Ethics and Conduct, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.r of the Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-113859), filed March 23, 2004 and American Capital Strategies, Ltd. Personal Investments Code, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.r of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-125278), filed July 29, 2005.
21.    Subsidiaries of the Company and jurisdiction of incorporation:
   1) American Capital Financial Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation
   2) ACS Funding Trust I, a Delaware statutory trust
   3) ACAS Business Loan LLC, 2004-1, a Delaware limited liability company
   4) ACAS Business Loan Trust 2004-1, a Delaware statutory trust
   5) ACAS Business Loan LLC, 2005-1, a Delaware limited liability company
   6) ACAS Business Loan Trust 2005-1, a Delaware statutory trust
   7) ACAS Business Loan LLC, 2006-1, a Delaware limited liability company
   8) ACAS Business Loan Trust 2006-1, a Delaware statutory trust
   9) ACAS Business Loan LLC 2007-1, a Delaware limited liability company
   10) ACAS Business Loan Trust 2007-1, a Delaware statutory trust
   11) ACAS Master Business Loan LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
   12) ACAS Business Loan Trust 2007-2, a Delaware statutory trust
23.    Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, filed herewith.

 

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Exhibit

  

Description

24.    Powers of Attorneys of directors and officers, filed herewith.
31.    Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.    Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

* Fully or partly previously filed
  (b) Exhibits
       See the exhibits filed herewith.

 

  (c) Additional financial statement schedules
    NONE

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.
By:  

/s/    JOHN R. ERICKSON        

  John R. Erickson
  Chief Financial Officer

 

Date: March 2, 2009

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Name

  

Title

 

Date

*

Malon Wilkus

  

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

  March 2, 2009

/s/    JOHN R. ERICKSON        

John R. Erickson

  

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

  March 2, 2009

*

Mary C. Baskin

  

Director

  March 2, 2009

*

Neil M. Hahl

  

Director

  March 2, 2009

*

Philip R. Harper

  

Director

  March 2, 2009

*

John A. Koskinen

  

Director

  March 2, 2009

*

Stan Lundine

  

Director

  March 2, 2009

*

Kenneth D. Peterson, Jr.

  

Director

  March 2, 2009

*

Alvin N. Puryear

  

Director

  March 2, 2009

 

*By:   

/s/    JOHN R. ERICKSON        

 

John R. Erickson

Attorney-in-fact

 

178


Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of American Capital, Ltd.

 

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of American Capital, Ltd. as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008, and the consolidated financial highlights for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2008, and have issued our report thereon dated March 2, 2009 (included elsewhere in the Form 10-K). Our audits also included the schedule 12-14. The schedule 12-14 is the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion based on our audits.

 

In our opinion, the schedule 12-14 referred to above, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein. The schedule 12-14 does not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of the uncertainty regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

 

McLean, Virginia

March 2, 2009

 

179


Table of Contents

Schedule 12-14

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

         Amount of Interest or
Dividends
                 

Company (1)

 

Investments

  Credited
to Income (2)
  Other (3)   December 31,
2007 Value
  Gross
Additions (4)
  Gross
Reductions (5)
  December 31,
2008 Value
 

CONTROL INVESTMENTS

           

ACAS Equity Holdings Corp.

  Common Stock   $ —     $ —     $ 12.9   $ 0.5   $ 9.1   $ 4.3  

ACAS Real Estate Holdings Corporation

  Subordinated Debt     —       —       —       0.8     0.8     —    
 

Common Stock

    —       —       —       5.4     5.4     —    
                                       
          —       —       —       6.2     6.2     —    

ACAS Wachovia Investments, L.P.

  Partnership Interests     1.5     —       12.9     —       11.5     1.4  

ACSAB, LLC

  Subordinated Debt     —       —       —       —       —       —    
 

Convertible Preferred Membership Units

    —       —       0.6     —       0.6     —    
                                       
          —       —       0.6     —       0.6     —    

Aeriform Corporation

  Subordinated Debt     —       —       3.4     3.8     7.2     —    

American Capital Agency Corp.

  Common Stock     12.6     —       —       101.5     —       101.5  

American Capital, LLC

  Senior Debt     1.1     —       10.4     3.3     3.1     10.6  
 

Common Membership Units

    18.3     —       466.5     —       301.8     164.7  
                                       
          19.4     —       476.9     3.3     304.9     175.3  

American Driveline Systems, Inc.

  Senior Debt     —       —       0.1     —       0.1     —    
 

Subordinated Debt

    6.0     —       40.5     1.2     —       41.7  
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

    3.4     —       24.9     19.2     —       44.1  
 

Common Stock

    —       —       8.2     —       5.5     2.7  
 

Common Stock Warrants

    —       —       28.0     —       23.8     4.2  
                                       
          9.4     —       101.7     20.4     29.4     92.7  

Auxi Health, Inc.

  Subordinated Debt     —       —       2.0     0.3     1.2     1.1  

Barton-Cotton Holding Corporation(7)

  Subordinated Debt     —       —       —       28.7     28.7     —    
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

    —       —       —       19.8     19.8     —    
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

    —       —       —       0.1     0.1     —    
 

Common Stock

    —       —       —       0.1     0.1     —    
 

Common Stock Warrants

    —       —       —       3.5     3.5     —    
 

Guarantees

    —       —       —       —       10.0     (10.0 )
                                       
          —       —       —       52.2     62.2     (10.0 )

BPWest, Inc.

  Senior Debt     —       —       —       —       —       —    
 

Subordinated Debt

    0.4     —       8.4     0.2     8.6     —    
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

    0.2     —       6.3     0.2     6.5     —    
 

Common Stock

    —       —       70.7     —       70.7     —    
                                       
          0.6     —       85.4     0.4     85.8     —    

 

See related notes at the end of this schedule.

 

180


Table of Contents

Schedule 12-14

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES—(Continued)

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

         Amount of Interest or
Dividends
               

Company (1)

 

Investments

  Credited
to Income (2)
  Other (3)   December 31,
2007 Value
  Gross
Additions (4)
  Gross
Reductions (5)
  December 31,
2008 Value

Bridgeport International, LLC

  Senior Debt   —     —     —     3.8   3.8   —  
 

Common membership units

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
                         
        —     —     —     3.8   3.8   —  

Capital.com, Inc.

  Common Stock   —     —     0.4   —     —     0.4

CIBT Travel Solutions, Inc

 

Senior Debt

  5.1   —     —     76.7   1.9   74.8
 

Subordinated Debt

  6.3   —     —     43.1   —     43.1
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —     —     —     77.7   42.5   35.2
 

Common Stock

  —     —     —     19.4   19.4   —  
                         
        11.4   —     —     216.9   63.8   153.1

Consolidated Bedding, Inc.(7)

 

Senior Debt

  0.8   4.9   —     108.4   75.2   33.2
 

Subordinated Debt

  —     —     —     50.5   50.5   —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —     —     —     3.0   3.0   —  
 

Common Stock

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
                         
        0.8   4.9   —     161.9   128.7   33.2

Contour Semiconductor, Inc.

  Convertible Preferred Stock(1)   —     —     —     10.6   —     10.6

Core Business Credit, LLC

 

Subordinated Debt

  1.5   0.5   —     20.0   0.7   19.3
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —     —     13.3   2.8   —     16.1
 

Common Stock

  —     —     3.4   0.5   0.6   3.3
                         
        1.5   0.5   16.7   23.3   1.3   38.7

Credit Opportunities Fund I, LLC

  Common Stock   4.7   —     41.9   22.2   64.1   —  

DanChem Technologies, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  0.6   —     14.9   0.6   15.5   —  
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —     —     4.5   5.6   10.1   —  
 

Common Stock

  —     —     —     1.8   1.8   —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —     —     —     2.2   2.2   —  
                         
        0.6   —     19.4   10.2   29.6   —  

ECA Acquisition Holdings, Inc

 

Subordinated Debt

  —     —     12.4   0.6   —     13.0
 

Common Stock

  —     —     17.6   11.1   23.6   5.1
                         
        —     —     30.0   11.7   23.6   18.1

eLynx Holdings, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  2.0   —     18.3   5.4   14.1   9.6
 

Subordinated Debt

  0.2   —     1.9   11.9   12.4   1.4
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —     —     —     6.0   6.0   —  
 

Common Stock

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
 

Preferred Stock Warrants

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
                         
        2.2   —     20.2   23.3   32.5   11.0

Endeavor Fund I, LP

  Partnership Interest   20.9   —     29.1   101.2   109.4   20.9

See related notes at the end of this schedule.

 

 

181


Table of Contents

Schedule 12-14

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES—(Continued)

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

         Amount of Interest or
Dividends
               

Company (1)

 

Investments

  Credited
to Income (2)
  Other (3)   December 31,
2007 Value
  Gross
Additions (4)
  Gross
Reductions (5)
  December 31,
2008 Value

ETG Holdings, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  —     —     8.6   1.0   7.0   2.6
 

Subordinated Debt

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
 

Preferred Stock Warrants

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
                         
        —     —     8.6   1.0   7.0   2.6

European Capital Limited

 

Senior Debt

  20.4   —     —     575.2   211.6   363.6
 

Ordinary Shares

  50.8   —     839.4   —     722.5   116.9
                         
        71.2   —     839.4   575.2   934.1   480.5

European Touch, LTD. II

 

Subordinated Debt

  0.1   —     12.0   2.5   9.2   5.3
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
 

Common Stock

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
                         
        0.1   —     12.0   2.5   9.2   5.3

EXPL Pipeline Holdings LLC

 

Senior Debt

  4.0   —     41.2   1.3   0.2   42.3
 

Common Membership Units

  —     —     56.8   —     44.8   12.0
                         
        4.0   —     98.0   1.3   45.0   54.3

Exstream Software

 

Senior Debt

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
 

Subordinated Debt

  1.8   —     64.3   0.3   64.6   —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  3.5   —     248.1   3.5   251.6   —  
 

Common Stock

  —     —     62.1   —     62.1   —  
                         
        5.3   —     374.5   3.8   378.3   —  

Fosbel Global Services (LUXCO) S.C.A

 

Senior Debt

  0.2   —     35.7   0.7   36.4   —  
 

Subordinated Debt

  2.9   —     34.2   1.1   —     35.3
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —     —     10.0   —     10.0   —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
 

Common Stock

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
                         
        3.1   —     79.9   1.8   46.4   35.3

Fountainhead Estate Holding Corp.

 

Senior Debt

  2.1   —     37.0   —     12.5   24.5
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —     —     —     11.6   —     11.6
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —     —     41.3   —     38.7   2.6
                         
        2.1   —     78.3   11.6   51.2   38.7

FreeConferenceroom.com, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  1.6   —     16.6   0.3   2.0   14.9
 

Subordinated Debt

  2.0   —     8.8   1.3   —     10.1
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —     —     —     4.5   —     4.5
 

Common Stock

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —     —     —     —     —     —  
                         
        3.6   —     25.4   6.1   2.0   29.5

 

See related notes at the end of this schedule.

 

182


Table of Contents

Schedule 12-14

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES—(Continued)

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

         Amount of Interest or
Dividends
                 

Company (1)

 

Investments

  Credited
to Income (2)
    Other (3)   December 31,
2007 Value
  Gross
Additions (4)
    Gross
Reductions (5)
  December 31,
2008 Value

Future Food, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  1.4     —     16.7   0.7     0.1   17.3
 

Subordinated Debt

  0.2     0.2   8.8   —       5.0   3.8
 

Common Stock

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
                             
        1.6     0.2   25.5   0.7     5.1   21.1

FutureLogic, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  5.5     —     49.9   1.8     3.5   48.2
 

Subordinated Debt

  4.9     —     31.3   1.3     —     32.6
 

Common Stock

  —       —     25.8   —       22.1   3.7
                             
        10.4     —     107.0   3.1     25.6   84.5

FV Holdings Corporation

 

Subordinated Debt

  3.4     —     22.4   0.7     —     23.1
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —       —     23.6   0.2     —     23.8
 

Common Stock

  —       —     10.1   0.1     —     10.2
                             
        3.4     —     56.1   1.0     —     57.1

Group Montana, Inc.(7)

 

Senior Debt

  0.6     —     —     24.1     5.9   18.2
 

Subordinated Debt

  —       1.2   —     1.1     1.1   —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —       —     —     1.0     1.0   —  
 

Common Membership Interest

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
                             
        0.6     1.2   —     26.2     8.0   18.2

Halex Holdings Corp.

 

Senior Debt

  —       —     21.4   23.4     34.9   9.9
 

Subordinated Debt

  —       —     —     17.2     17.2   —  
 

Redeemable Preferred Stcok

  —       —     —     1.9     1.9   —  
 

Common Stock

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
                             
        —       —     21.4   42.5     54.0   9.9

Hartstrings Holdings Corp.

 

Senior Debt

  1.2     0.5   11.2   7.6     4.6   14.2
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —       —     0.6   —       0.6   —  
 

Common Stock

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
                             
        1.2     0.5   11.8   7.6     5.2   14.2

Hospitality Mints, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  0.5     —     7.2   0.1     7.3   —  
 

Subordinated Debt

  1.5     —     18.3   —       18.3   —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  0.6     —     21.5   0.7     22.2   —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —       —     1.8   —       1.8   —  
                             
        2.6     —     48.8   0.8     49.6   —  

Imperial Supplies Holdings, Inc.

 

Subordinated Debt

  3.5     —     21.0   0.9     —     21.9
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  1.7     —     20.0   1.6     —     21.6
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  (0.3 )   —     20.5   (0.3 )   12.1   8.1
 

Common Stock

  —       —     6.7   —       6.7   —  
                             
        4.9     —     68.2   2.2     18.8   51.6

 

See related notes at the end of this schedule.

 

183


Table of Contents

Schedule 12-14

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES—(Continued)

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

         Amount of Interest or
Dividends
                 

Company (1)

 

Investments

  Credited
to Income (2)
    Other (3)   December 31,
2007 Value
  Gross
Additions (4)
    Gross
Reductions (5)
  December 31,
2008 Value

Kingway Inca Clymer Holdings, Inc.

 

Subordinated Debt

  —       —     1.0   0.4     1.4   —  
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —       —     0.5   0.2     —     0.7
 

Common Stock

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
                             
        —       —     1.5   0.6     1.4   0.7

Lifoam Holdings, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  3.0     —     43.7   12.5     34.0   22.2
 

Subordinated Debt

  2.3     —     15.1   26.3     20.9   20.5
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —       —     —     12.2     12.2   —  
 

Common Stock

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
 

Preferred Stock Warrants

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
                             
        5.3     —     58.8   51.0     67.1   42.7

LLSC Holdings Corporation

 

Senior Debt

  0.5     —     5.7   1.6     1.8   5.5
 

Subordinated Debt

  0.7     —     5.5   —       —     5.5
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —       —     8.1   —       3.4   4.7
 

Common Stock

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —       —     —     —       —     —  
                             
        1.2     —     19.3   1.6     5.2   15.7

LVI Holdings, LLC

 

Senior Debt

  0.3     —     2.8   0.7     1.2   2.3
 

Subordinated Debt

  2.0     —     10.6   0.8     —     11.4
                             
        2.3     —     13.4   1.5     1.2   13.7

Montgomery Lane, LLC (DE LLC)

 

Common Membership Units

  —       —     —     14.8     8.0   6.8

Montgomery Lane, LTD (Cayman)

 

Common Membership Units

  —       —     —     7.4     6.6   0.8

MW Acquisition Corporation

 

Subordinated Debt

  3.5     —     24.3   1.3     0.6   25.0
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  (1.2 )   —     23.4   (1.2 )   8.3   13.9
 

Common Stock

  —       —     12.6   —       12.5   0.1
                             
        2.3     —     60.3   0.1     21.4   39.0

NECCO Holdings, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  0.7     —     12.8   11.9     20.6   4.1
 

Common Stock

  —       —     0.1   —       —     0.1
                             
        0.7     —     12.9   11.9     20.6   4.2

NECCO Realty Investments, LLC

 

Senior Debt

  5.2     —     35.1   2.9     0.3   37.7
 

Common Membership Units

  —       —     9.6   0.2     —     9.8
                             
        5.2     —     44.7   3.1     0.3   47.5

Nspired Holdings, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  0.4     —     18.8   0.5     19.3   —  
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —       —     1.3   16.2     17.5   —  
 

Common Stock

  —       —     —     4.4     4.4   —  
                             
        0.4     —     20.1   21.1     41.2   —  

See related notes at the end of this schedule.

 

184


Table of Contents

Schedule 12-14

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES—(Continued)

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

         Amount of Interest or
Dividends
                 

Company (1)

 

Investments

  Credited
to Income (2)
    Other (3)   December 31,
2007 Value
  Gross
Additions (4)
    Gross
Reductions (5)
  December 31,
2008 Value

Oceana Media Finance, LLC

 

Common Membership Units

  —       —     14.6   —       3.2   11.4

Paradigm Precision Holdings, LLC

 

Senior Debt

  2.8     —     53.7   27.6     62.2   19.1
 

Subordinated Debt

  8.8     —     13.7   93.9     14.8   92.8
 

Common Membership Units

  —       —     17.5   —       11.4   6.1
                             
        11.6     —     84.9   121.5     88.4   118.0

PaR Systems, Inc.

 

Subordinated Debt

  0.1     —     3.1   —       3.1   —  
 

Common Stock

  —       —     11.3   —       11.3   —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —       —     1.0   —       1.0   —  
                             
        0.1     —     15.4   —       15.4   —  

Pasternack Enterprises, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  0.1     —     —     —       —     —  
 

Subordinated Debt

  0.4     —     28.8   0.4     29.2   —  
 

Common Stock

  —       —     46.5   —       46.5   —  
                             
        0.5     —     75.3   0.4     75.7   —  

PHC Sharp Holdings, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  1.4     —     14.7   2.9     1.6   16.0
 

Subordinated Debt

  1.9     0.1   14.8   1.6     7.6   8.8
 

Common Stock

  —       —     —     1.2     1.2   —  
                             
        3.3     0.1   29.5   5.7     10.4   24.8

PHI Acquisitions, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  1.0     —     9.9   0.1     —     10.0
 

Subordinated Debt

  3.2     —     23.0   0.6     —     23.6
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  (8.2 )   —     32.9   (8.2 )   5.5   19.2
 

Common Stock

  —       —     1.6   —       1.6   —  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —       —     16.4   —       16.4   —  
                             
        (4.0 )   —     83.8   (7.5 )   23.5   52.8

Piper Aircraft, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  0.9     —     8.8   8.0     16.8   —  
 

Subordinated Debt

  0.1     —     0.7   —       —     0.7
 

Common Stock

  —       —     38.1   —       15.5   22.6
                             
        1.0     —     47.6   8.0     32.3   23.3

Precitech, Inc.

 

Subordinated Debt

  —       —     1.3   3.8     5.1   —  

Resort Funding Holdings, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  1.1     —     10.6   7.7     7.7   10.6
 

Common Stock

  0.1     —     17.1   0.5     16.4   1.2
                             
        1.2     —     27.7   8.2     24.1   11.8

Sixnet, LLC

 

Senior Debt

  4.2     —     36.6   2.2     4.4   34.4
 

Membership Units

  —       —     9.3   —       2.1   7.2
                             
        4.2     —     45.9   2.2     6.5   41.6

SMG Holdings, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  0.4     —     6.0   —       0.1   5.9
 

Subordinated Debt

  14.9     —     113.7   5.8     —     119.5
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  6.3     —     120.6   6.3     24.0   102.9
 

Common Stock

  —       —     28.9   —       28.9   —  
                             
        21.6     —     269.2   12.1     53.0   228.3

 

See related notes at the end of this schedule.

 

185


Table of Contents

Schedule 12-14

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES—(Continued)

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

         Amount of Interest or
Dividends
                 

Company (1)

 

Investments

  Credited
to Income (2)
    Other (3)   December 31,
2007 Value
  Gross
Additions (4)
  Gross
Reductions (5)
  December 31,
2008 Value
 

Specialty Brands of America, Inc.

 

Subordinated Debt

  4.8     —     33.1   1.0   —     34.1  
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  1.1     —     7.1   6.7   —     13.8  
 

Common Stock

  —       —     5.1   —     1.1   4.0  
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —       —     7.9   —     6.1   1.8  
                             
        5.9     —     53.2   7.7   7.2   53.7  

SPL Acquisition Corp.

 

Senior Debt

  7.9     —     82.0   19.5   17.6   83.9  
 

Subordinated Debt

  7.6     —     47.7   2.2   —     49.9  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  3.7     —     44.2   3.8   —     48.0  
 

Common Stock

  —       —     2.0   8.4   —     10.4  
                             
        19.2     —     175.9   33.9   17.6   192.2  

Stravina Holdings, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  —       —     0.1   0.7   0.8   —    

Sunfuel Midstream, LLC

 

Common Stock

  —       —     0.1   0.3   0.4   —    

Total Return Fund, LP

 

Common Membership Interest

  —       —     21.1   —     21.1   —    

UFG Holding Corp. (7)

 

Subordinated Debt

  2.8     —     —     58.6   12.5   46.1  
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —       —     —     4.0   4.0   —    
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

  —       —     —     4.6   4.6   —    
 

Common Stock

  —       —     —     2.6   2.6   —    
 

Guarantees

  —       —     —     —     1.5   (1.5 )
                             
        2.8     —     —     69.8   25.2   44.6  

UFG Real Estate Holdings, LLC

 

Common Membership

  —       —     1.3   0.1   —     1.4  

Unique Fabricating Incorporated (7)

 

Senior Debt

  0.1     —     —     5.3   —     5.3  
 

Subordinated Debt

  (0.7 )   0.1   —     6.6   6.1   0.5  
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —       —     —     1.6   1.6   —    
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —       —     —     0.2   0.2   —    
                             
        (0.6 )   0.1   —     13.7   7.9   5.8  

Unwired Holdings, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

  2.2     —     9.1   8.4   7.1   10.4  
 

Subordinated Debt

  —       0.4   2.2   —     1.6   0.6  
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

  —       —     —     1.9   1.9   —    
 

Common Stock

  —       —     —     —     —     —    
 

Preferred Stock Warrants

  —       —     —     —     —     —    
 

Common Stock Warrants

  —       —     —     —     —     —    
                             
        2.2     0.4   11.3   10.3   10.6   11.0  

VECAP Medical, LLC

  Subordinated Debt   4.9     —     —     35.8   35.8   —    

VP Acquisition Holdings, Inc.

 

Subordinated Debt

  —       —     18.8   0.7   -   19.5  
 

Common Stock

  —       —     47.2   24.8   26.9   45.1  
                             
        —       —     66.0   25.5   26.9   64.6  

 

See related notes at the end of this schedule.

 

186


Table of Contents

Schedule 12-14

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES—(Continued)

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

         Amount of Interest or
Dividends
                 

Company (1)

 

Investments

  Credited
to Income (2)
    Other (3)   December 31,
2007 Value
  Gross
Additions (4)
    Gross
Reductions (5)
  December 31,
2008 Value

Warner Power, LLC

 

Subordinated Debt

    0.6       —       5.0     —         —       5.0
 

Redeeemable Preferred Membership Units

    0.7       —       4.1     1.4       —       5.5
 

Common Membership Units

    —         —       1.5     4.5       —       6.0
                                         
          1.3       —       10.6     5.9       —       16.5

WIS Holding Company, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

    —         —       —       —         —       —  
 

Subordinated Debt

    15.3       —       98.2     5.6       —       103.8
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

    6.4       —       82.9     49.7       —       132.6
 

Common Stock

    —         —       20.4     9.8       —       30.2
                                         
          21.7       —       201.5     65.1       —       266.6

WSACS RR Holdings LLC

  Common Membership Units     —         —       1.7     1.5       —       3.2

Subtotal Control Investments

  $ 314.0     $ 7.9   $ 4,177.4   $ 1,998.9     $ 3,278.5   $ 2,897.8

AFFILIATE INVESTMENTS

           

Aptara, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

    0.1       —       —       3.0       —       3.0
 

Subordinated Debt

    7.5       —       52.3     1.0       6.3     47.0
 

Redeeemable Preferred Stock

    (1.2 )     —       14.2     (0.1 )     14.1     —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

    —         —       12.9     —         12.9     —  
 

Preferred Stock Warrants

    —         —       0.9     0.1       1.0     —  
                                         
          6.4       —       80.3     4.0       34.3     50.0

Coghead, Inc.

 

Subordinated Debt

    —         —       —       0.1       —       0.1
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

    —         —       2.6     —         2.4     0.2
 

Preferred Stock Warrants

    —         —       —       —         —       —  
                                         
          —         —       2.6     0.1       2.4     0.3

Creditcards.com, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

    16.0       —       141.3     1.7       6.9     136.1
 

Subordinated Debt

    3.2       —       11.8     19.2       4.4     26.6
 

Common Stock

    —         —       8.6     —         4.4     4.2
                                         
          19.2       —       161.7     20.9       15.7     166.9

Egenera, Inc.

 

Subordinated Debt

    —         —       —       2.4       —       2.4
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

    —         —       —       9.7       —       9.7
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

    —         —       25.0     —         25.0     —  
 

Common Stock

    —         —       —       25.0       25.0     —  
                                         
          —         —       25.0     37.1       50.0     12.1

Genband Inc. (6)

 

Subordinated Debt

    —         —       —       1.2       1.2     —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

    —         —       8.6     5.3       13.9     —  
 

Common Stock

    —         —       —       14.7       14.7     —  
                                         
          —         —       8.6     21.2       29.8     —  

 

See related notes at the end of this schedule.

 

187


Table of Contents

Schedule 12-14

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES—(Continued)

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

         Amount of Interest or
Dividends
               

Company (1)

 

Investments

  Credited
to Income (2)
  Other (3)   December 31,
2007 Value
  Gross
Additions (4)
  Gross
Reductions (5)
  December 31,
2008 Value

HALT Medical, Inc.

  Convertible Preferred Stock     —       —       5.2     3.5     —       8.7

IS Holdings I, Inc.

 

Senior Debt

    1.8     —       19.8     —       4.2     15.6
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

    0.2     —       2.6     —       1.1     1.5
 

Common Stock

    —       —       3.0     1.6     —       4.6
                                     
          2.0     —       25.4     1.6     5.3     21.7

Narus, Inc.

 

Convertible Preferred Stock

    —       —       7.3     1.2     6.4     2.1
 

Preferred Stock Warrants

    —       —       —       —       —       —  
                                     
          —       —       7.3     1.2     6.4     2.1

Nursery Supplies, Inc.

 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

    —       —       —       —       —       —  

Primrose Holding Corporation

  Common Stock     —       —       —       7.4     —       7.4

Qualitor Component Holdings, LLC

 

Subordinated Debt

    7.1     —       32.2     3.7     —       35.9
 

Redeemable Preferred Stock

    —       —       0.7     0.4     —       1.1
 

Common Units

    —       —       —       —       —       —  
                                     
          7.1     —       32.9     4.1     —       37.0

Radar Detection Holdings Corp.

 

Senior Debt

    1.3     —       13.0     —       3.5     9.5
 

Common Stock

    —       —       8.4     —       7.8     0.6
                                     
          1.3     —       21.4     —       11.3     10.1

Roadrunner Dawes, Inc.

 

Subordinated Debt

    3.0     —       18.4     0.8     —       19.2
 

Common Stock

    —       —       1.5     —       1.4     0.1
                                     
          3.0     —       19.9     0.8     1.4     19.3

Tymphany Corporation

 

Senior Debt

    —       —       —       2.2     2.2     —  
 

Subordinated Debt

    —       —       1.2     —       1.2     —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

    —       —       0.6     11.7     12.3     —  
                                     
          —       —       1.8     13.9     15.7     —  

WFS Holding, Inc.

 

Subordinated Debt

    —       —       —       —       —       —  
 

Convertible Preferred Stock

    0.2     —       3.6     0.2     1.0     2.8
                                     
          0.2     —       3.6     0.2     1.0     2.8

Subtotal Affiliate Investments

  $ 39.2   $ —     $ 395.7   $ 116.0   $ 173.3   $ 338.4

Total Control and Affiliate Investments

  $ 353.2   $ 7.9   $ 4,573.1   $ 2,114.9   $ 3,451.8   $ 3,236.2

 

(1) Certain of the securities are issued by affiliate(s) of the listed portfolio company.
(2) Represents the total amount of interest or dividends credited to income for the portion of the year an investment was included in Control or Affiliate categories, respectively.

 

188


Table of Contents

Schedule 12-14

 

AMERICAN CAPITAL, LTD.

SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES—(Continued)

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2008

(in millions, except share data)

 

(3) Other includes interest, dividend, or other income which was applied to the principal of the investment and therefore reduced the total investment. These reductions are also included in the Gross Reductions for the investments, as applicable.
(4) Gross additions include increases in the cost basis of investments resulting from new portfolio investments, paid-in-kind interest or dividends, the amortization of discounts and closing fees and the exchange of one or more existing securities for one or more new securities. Gross additions also include net increases in unrealized appreciation or net decreases in unrealized depreciation as well as allowances for paid-in-kind interest, dividends, discounts and closing fees.
(5) Gross reductions include decreases in the cost basis of investments resulting from principal repayments or sales and the exchange of one or more existing securities for one or more new securities. Gross reductions also include net increases in unrealized depreciation or net decreases in unrealized appreciation.
(6) As of December 31, 2007, the portfolio company was classified as an Affiliate Investment. As of December 31, 2008, ACAS no longer has a controlling interest of more than 5% but less than 25% of the portfolio company and is therefore classified as a Non-Control Investment.
(7) As of December 31, 2007, the portfolio company was classified as a Non-Control Investment. As of December 31, 2008, ACAS now has a controlling interest of more than 25% of the portfolio company and is therefore classified as a Control Investment.
** Information related to the amount of equity in the net profit and loss for the period for the investments listed has not been included in this schedule. This information is not considered to be meaningful due to the complex capital structures of the portfolio companies, with different classes of equity securities outstanding with different preferences in liquidation. These investments are not consolidated, nor are they accounted for under the equity method of accounting.

 

189