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Legal Proceedings
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Legal Proceedings
Legal Proceedings

Like many companies in our industry, we have from time to time received inquiries and subpoenas and other types of information requests from government authorities and others and we have been subject to claims and other actions related to our business activities. While the ultimate outcome of investigations, inquiries, information requests and legal proceedings is difficult to predict, adverse resolutions or settlements of those matters may result in, among other things, modification of our business practices, product recalls, costs and significant payments, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
 
Pending patent proceedings include challenges to the scope, validity and/or enforceability of our patents relating to certain of our products, uses of products or processes. Further, we are subject to claims of third parties that we infringe their patents covering products or processes. Although we believe we have substantial defenses to these challenges and claims, there can be no assurance as to the outcome of these matters and an adverse decision in these proceedings could result in one or more of the following: (i) a loss of patent protection, which could lead to a significant reduction of sales that could materially affect future results of operations, (ii) our inability to continue to engage in certain activities, and (iii) significant liabilities, including payment of damages, royalties and/or license fees to any such third party.
 
Among the principal matters pending are the following:

Patent Related Proceedings:

REVLIMID®: In 2012, our European patent EP 1667682 (the ’682 patent) relating to certain polymorphic forms of lenalidomide expiring in 2024 was opposed in a proceeding before the European Patent Office (EPO) by Generics (UK) Ltd. and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. On July 21, 2015, the EPO determined, based primarily on procedural grounds, that the ’682 patent was not valid. Celgene appealed the EPO ruling to the EPO Board of Appeal, which stays any revocation of the patent until the appeal is finally adjudicated. No appeal hearing date has been set. We do not anticipate a decision from the EPO Board of Appeal for several years and intend to vigorously defend all of our intellectual property rights.

In 2010, Celgene’s European patent EP1505973 (the ’973 patent) relating to certain uses of lenalidomide expiring in 2023 was opposed in a proceeding before the EPO by Synthon B.V. and an anonymous party. On February 25, 2013, the EPO determined that the ’973 patent was not valid. Celgene appealed the EPO ruling to the EPO Board of Appeal, which stays any revocation of the patent until the appeal is finally adjudicated. No appeal hearing date has been set. We do not anticipate a decision from the EPO Board of Appeal for several years and intend to vigorously defend all of our intellectual property rights.

We believe that our patent portfolio for lenalidomide in Europe, including the composition of matter patent which expires in 2022, is strong and defensible. Although we believe that we will prevail in the EPO proceedings, in the event these patents are found not to be valid, we expect that we will still have patent protection in the EU for lenalidomide through at least 2022.

THALOMID® and REVLIMID®: On October 2, 2013, Andrulis Pharmaceuticals Corporation (Andrulis) filed a lawsuit against us in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware claiming infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,140,346 (the ’346 patent). Andrulis alleges that we are liable for infringement of one or more claims of the ’346 patent, which covers the use of THALOMID® (and, as asserted by Andrulis, REVLIMID®) in combination with an alkylating agent (e.g., melphalan) to treat cancers. Andrulis is seeking an unspecified amount of damages, attorneys’ fees and injunctive relief.

The court held hearings on claim construction and on a partial summary judgment motion on May 27, 2015 and May 28, 2015, respectively. On June 26, 2015, the court issued its claim construction ruling and held that certain claim terms were indefinite. On July 28, 2015, the court entered final judgment in favor of Celgene. On August 27, 2015, Andrulis filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit on the final judgment and its indefiniteness and claim construction rulings. A hearing was held on July 8, 2016 and the Federal Circuit Court affirmed the District Court’s decision on July 14, 2016. Andrulis has 30 days to file a rehearing petition.

ISTODAX® (romidepsin): On May 28, 2015, we received a Notice Letter from Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. (Teva) notifying us of Teva’s Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) that seeks approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to market a generic version of romidepsin for injection. The Notice Letter contains Paragraph IV certifications against U.S. Patent Nos. 7,608,280 and 7,611,724 (the ’280 and ’724 patents) that are listed in the Orange Book for ISTODAX®.

On July 10, 2015, we and Astellas Pharma Inc. (Astellas) filed an infringement action in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware against Teva. In its answer and counterclaims, Teva asserts that the ’280 and ’724 patents are invalid and/or not infringed by its proposed generic products. As a result of the filing of our action, the FDA cannot grant final approval of Teva’s ANDA until the earlier of (i) a final decision that each of the patents is invalid and/or not infringed; or (ii) November 28, 2017.

On October 30, 2015, we received a Notice Letter from Teva notifying us of Teva’s New Drug Application (NDA) pursuant to FDC Act § 505(b)(3)(D)(i) seeking approval to engage in the commercial manufacture, use or sale of romidepsin for injection. The Notice Letter contains Paragraph IV certifications against the '280 and '724 patents.

On December 10, 2015, we and Astellas filed an infringement action in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware against Teva. In its answer and counterclaims, Teva asserts that the ’280 and ’724 patents are invalid and/or not infringed by its proposed products. As a result of the filing of our action, the FDA cannot grant final approval of Teva’s NDA until the earlier of (i) a final decision that each of the patents is invalid and/or not infringed; or (ii) April 30, 2018.

Celgene and Teva have reached an agreement to settle all pending claims and counterclaims. Under the terms of the settlement agreement, which is pending approval by the court, the parties have stipulated to dismiss the case and Celgene will provide to Teva a non-exclusive, royalty-free sublicense to manufacture and market generic product, as well as the right to sell an authorized generic product as of August 1, 2018. The settlement agreement has been submitted to the Federal Trade Commission for review.

THALOMID® (thalidomide): We received a Notice Letter dated December 18, 2014 from Lannett Holdings, Inc. (Lannett) notifying us of Lannett’s ANDA which contains Paragraph IV certifications against U.S. Patent Nos. 5,629,327; 6,045,501; 6,315,720; 6,561,976; 6,561,977; 6,755,784; 6,869,399; 6,908,432; 7,141,018; 7,230,012; 7,435,745; 7,874,984; 7,959,566; 8,204,763; 8,315,886; 8,589,188; and 8,626,531 that are listed in the Orange Book for THALOMID® (thalidomide). Lannett is seeking to market a generic version of 50mg, 100mg, 150mg and 200mg of THALOMID® capsules.

On January 30, 2015, we filed an infringement action against Lannett in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey. As a result of the filing of our action, the FDA cannot grant final approval of Lannett’s ANDA until the earlier of (i) a final decision that each of the patents is invalid, unenforceable, and/or not infringed; or (ii) June 22, 2017. On March 27, 2015, Lannett filed a motion to dismiss our complaint for lack of personal jurisdiction and we filed a response to the motion on April 20, 2015. A hearing was held on July 27, 2015 and the Court decided to administratively terminate the motion to dismiss in order to allow us to conduct jurisdictional discovery. On November 17, 2015, Lannett withdrew its motion to dismiss.

On December 8, 2015, Lannett filed an answer and counterclaims asserting that the patents-in-suit are invalid, unenforceable, and/or not infringed and on January 19, 2016 we filed a reply to Lannett's counterclaims. On April 18, 2016, Lannett amended its answer to narrow the scope of its unenforceability counterclaims and we filed an amended reply on May 5, 2016. Fact discovery is currently set to close on January 20, 2017. Markman briefing is currently scheduled to be completed on December 20, 2016. The Court has not yet set dates for a Markman hearing, close of expert discovery, or trial.

ABRAXANE® (paclitaxel protein-bound particles for injectable suspension) (albumin bound): We received a Notice Letter dated February 23, 2016 from Actavis LLC (Actavis) notifying us of Actavis’s ANDA which contains Paragraph IV certifications against U.S. Patent Nos. 7,820,788; 7,923,536; 8,138,229; and 8,853,260 that are listed in the Orange Book for ABRAXANE®. Actavis is seeking to manufacture and market a generic version of ABRAXANE® (paclitaxel protein-bound particles for injectable suspension) (albumin bound) 100 mg/vial.

On April 6, 2016, we filed an infringement action against Actavis in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey. As a result of the filing of our action, the FDA cannot grant final approval of Actavis’s ANDA until the earlier of (i) a final decision that each of the patents is invalid, unenforceable, and/or not infringed; or (ii) August 24, 2018. On May 3, 2016, Actavis filed an answer and counterclaims asserting that the patents-in-suit are invalid and/or not infringed. On June 10, 2016 we filed a reply to Actavis’s counterclaims. A scheduling conference is set for August 3, 2016.

Proceedings involving the USPTO:

Under the America Invents Act (AIA), any person may seek to challenge an issued patent by petitioning the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) to institute a post grant review. On April 23, 2015, we were informed that Coalition for Affordable Drugs VI LLC filed petitions for Inter Partes Review (IPRs) challenging the validity of Celgene’s patents U.S. 6,045,501 and U.S. 6,315,720 covering certain aspects of our REMS program. On October 27, 2015, the USPTO Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) instituted IPR proceedings relating to these patents. An oral hearing was held on July 21, 2016 and a decision is expected in late October 2016.

In accordance with the requirements of the AIA, we expect final decisions from the PTAB not later than one year after the institution of the IPRs. Any patent claim the PTAB determines to be unpatentable is stricken from the challenged patent. Any party may appeal final written decisions of the PTAB to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. We intend to continue to vigorously defend our patent claims.

Other Proceedings:
 
In 2009, we received a Civil Investigative Demand (CID) from the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) seeking documents and other information relating to requests by manufacturers of generic drugs to purchase our patented REVLIMID® and THALOMID® brand drugs in order for the FTC to evaluate whether there may be reason to believe that we have engaged in unfair methods of competition. In 2010, the State of Connecticut issued a subpoena referring to the same issues raised by the 2009 CID. Also in 2010, we received a second CID from the FTC relating to this matter. We continue to cooperate with the FTC and State of Connecticut investigations.
 
On April 3, 2014, Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Mylan) filed a lawsuit against us in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey alleging that we violated various federal and state antitrust and unfair competition laws by allegedly refusing to sell samples of our THALOMID® and REVLIMID® brand drugs so that Mylan can conduct the bioequivalence testing necessary for ANDAs to be submitted to the FDA for approval to market generic versions of these products. Mylan is seeking injunctive relief, damages and declaratory judgment. We filed a motion to dismiss Mylan’s complaint on May 25, 2014. Mylan filed its opposition to our motion to dismiss on June 16, 2014. The Federal Trade Commission filed amicus curiae brief in opposition to our motion to dismiss on June 17, 2014. On December 22, 2014, the court granted Celgene’s motion to dismiss (i) Mylan’s claims based on Section 1 of the Sherman Act (without prejudice), and (ii) Mylan's related claims arising under the New Jersey Antitrust Act. The court denied our motion to dismiss the rest of the claims which primarily relate to Section 2 of the Sherman Act. On January 6, 2015 we filed a motion to certify for interlocutory appeal the order denying our motion to dismiss with respect to the claims relating to Section 2 of the Sherman Act, which appeal was denied by the United State Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit on March 5, 2015. On January 20, 2015, we filed an answer to Mylan’s complaint. Fact discovery closed on April 8, 2016 and expert discovery is set to be completed by October 24, 2016. No trial date has been set. We intend to vigorously defend against Mylan’s claims.

A civil qui tam action brought by a former Celgene employee is pending in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California (the Brown Action). The complaint was unsealed in February 2014 when the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) declined to intervene in the action, reserving its right to intervene in the action at a later time. The complaint alleges off-label marketing and improper payments to physicians in connection with sales of THALOMID® and REVLIMID® and is brought on behalf of the federal and various state governments under the federal false claims act and similar state laws. On April 25, 2014, we filed a motion to dismiss the complaint, which was denied except with respect to certain state claims. The complaint in the Brown Action seeks, among other things, treble damages, civil penalties and attorneys’ fees and costs. We filed our answer to the complaint in August 2014. Fact discovery closed in September 2015 and expert discovery closed on June 30, 2016. A joint summary judgment motion is to be filed with the court by August 29, 2016. No trial date has been set. At this time, we are unable to predict the outcome of this matter or the ultimate legal and financial liability, if any, and cannot reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss, if any. We intend to vigorously defend against the claims in the Brown Action.

In February 2014, we received a letter purportedly on behalf of a stockholder demanding access to certain books and records of the Company for the purpose of investigating matters pertaining to the Brown Action. The Company complied with the demand, as modified through negotiation with counsel for the purported stockholder. In July 2014, we received a letter purportedly on behalf of two stockholders (one of which was referenced in the February 2014 letter) that demands, primarily on the basis of the allegations in the Brown Action, that our board of directors take action on the Company’s behalf to correct alleged deficiencies in the Company’s internal controls and to recover from current and past directors and officers damages those stockholders allege to have resulted from breaches of fiduciary duties related to the matters alleged in the Brown Action (the Demand). Our Board formed a Demand Investigation Committee, and with the assistance of independent counsel retained by it, the Demand Investigation Committee considered the issues raised in the stockholders’ letter. In October 2015, the Demand Investigation Committee reported to the Board of Directors, and the Board of Directors accepted the Committee’s recommendation, that the Company take no action at this time, legal or otherwise, in response to the stockholders’ demands. In November 2015, we received another letter purportedly on behalf of the same two stockholders that demands access to certain books and records of the Company for the purpose of investigating whether the Demand was wrongfully refused, the independence, good faith and due care of the Demand Investigation Committee, and whether the Demand Investigation Committee conducted a reasonable investigation of the Demand. On February 22, 2016, the Company produced additional documents pursuant to the November 2015 letter.

In November 2014, we received another letter purportedly on behalf of a stockholder demanding access to certain books and records of the Company for the purpose of investigating matters pertaining to the Brown Action. The Company complied with the demand, as modified through negotiation with counsel for the purported stockholder, and in November 2015 the stockholder filed a complaint in Delaware Chancery Court asserting derivative claims on behalf of the Company against eight current, and four former members of the Board of Directors. The complaint alleges, largely on the basis of allegations in the Brown Action, that the defendant directors breached their fiduciary duties by allowing the Company to engage in unlawful activity in its marketing of THALOMID® and REVLIMID®, and seeks from the defendant directors unspecified damages, including Celgene’s costs of defending against government and civil investigations and lawsuits and alleged reputational harm, and disgorgement of compensation paid to the defendant directors. On January 22, 2016, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the complaint on the basis that prior to filing the complaint asserting derivative claims the plaintiff was required under Delaware law and failed to demand that our board of directors take action on the Company’s behalf. On March 21, 2016, plaintiff filed an amended complaint. On April 5, 2016, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. Briefing on the motion to dismiss is to be completed by August 10, 2016.

On June 7, 2013, Children's Medical Center Corporation (CMCC) filed a lawsuit against us in the Superior Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts alleging that our obligation to pay a 1% royalty on REVLIMID® net sales revenue and a 2.5% royalty on POMALYST®/IMNOVID® net sales revenue under a license agreement entered into in December 2002 extended beyond February 28, 2013 and that our failure to make royalty payments to CMCC subsequent to February 28, 2013 breached the license agreement. CMCC is seeking unspecified damages and a declaration that the license agreement remains in full force and effect. In July 2013, we removed these proceedings to the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. On August 5, 2013, we filed an answer to CMCC’s complaint and a counterclaim for declaratory judgment that our obligations to pay royalties have expired. On August 26, 2013, CMCC filed an answer to our counterclaim.

On July 8, 2014, CR Rev Holdings, LLC (CR Rev) filed a complaint against Celgene in the same action. CR Rev alleges that CMCC sold and assigned a substantial portion of the royalty payments owed by Celgene on the sale of REVLIMID® to CR Rev. CR Rev has alleged causes of action with respect to REVLIMID® identical to those alleged by CMCC, and seeks unspecified damages and a declaration that the license agreement is still in effect. 

Discovery in this matter has been completed. On August 4, 2015, Plaintiffs filed a motion for summary judgment on certain claims, including breach of contract, declaratory judgment and, with respect to Celgene’s counterclaims, patent misuse.  Oral argument on the motion was held on October 21, 2015.

On February 23, 2016, the Magistrate Judge issued a Report and Recommendation that the Court allow-in-part and deny-in-part the plaintiffs’ motion for summary judgment. The Magistrate Judge recommended to the Court to allow royalties on sales of REVLIMID® during the period from March 1, 2013 through May 11, 2016, and to deny the remainder of plaintiffs’ motion, including seeking royalties on sales of POMALYST®/IMNOVID®. On March 8, 2016, we filed objections to the Report and Recommendation. No trial date has been set by the court. We intend to vigorously defend against CMCC's and CR Rev's claims.

During the three-month period ended June 30, 2016, we accrued $100.0 million related to this matter as a probable and reasonably estimable loss contingency. There is a reasonable possibility that the ultimate loss incurred may be in excess of the accrued amount. We will monitor this matter for developments that would affect the likelihood of a loss and the accrued amount thereof and will adjust the accrued amount as appropriate. Any loss in excess of the accrued amount cannot be reasonably estimated at this time and may be affected by, among other things: (i) a decision by the District Judge on whether to adopt, amend or reject the Magistrate Judge’s Report and Recommendation, (ii) resolution of disputed facts and claims at trial, and (iii) future court rulings from the District Court or on appeal.

On November 7, 2014, the International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craft Workers Local 1 Health Fund (IUB) filed a putative class action lawsuit against us in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey alleging that we violated various state antitrust, consumer protection, and unfair competition laws by (a) allegedly securing an exclusive supply contract with Seratec S.A.R.L. so that Barr Laboratories (Barr) allegedly could not secure its own supply of thalidomide active pharmaceutical ingredient; (b) allegedly refusing to sell samples of our THALOMID® and REVLIMID® brand drugs to Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Lannett Company, and Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories so that those companies can conduct the bioequivalence testing necessary for ANDAs to be submitted to the FDA for approval to market generic versions of these products; and (c) allegedly bringing unjustified patent infringement lawsuits against Barr and Natco Pharma Limited in order to allegedly delay those companies from obtaining approval for proposed generic versions of THALOMID® and REVLIMID®. IUB, on behalf of itself and a putative class of third party payers, is seeking injunctive relief and damages. On February 3, 2015, we filed a motion to dismiss IUB’s complaint. On March 3, 2015, the City of Providence (“Providence”) filed a similar putative class action making similar allegations. Both IUB and Providence, on behalf of themselves and a putative class of third party payers, are seeking injunctive relief and damages. Providence agreed that the decision in the motion to dismiss IUB’s complaint would apply to the identical claims in Providence’s complaint. A supplemental motion to dismiss Providence's state law claims was filed on April 20, 2015. On October 30, 2015, the court denied our motion to dismiss on all grounds.

Celgene filed its Answer to the IUB and Providence complaints on January 11, 2016. The completion of fact discovery and expert discovery is scheduled for August 1, 2017 and December 15, 2017, respectively. No trial date has been set. We intend to vigorously defend against IUB’s claims.

In December 2015, we received a subpoena from the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Massachusetts requesting documents related to our support of 501(c)(3) organizations that provide financial assistance to patients. We are cooperating with this request.