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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
9 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2016
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(2)          Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, transfer of title has occurred or services have been rendered, the selling price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. The Company’s products are sold for cash or on unsecured credit terms requiring payment based on the shipment date. Credit terms can vary between customers due to many factors, but are generally, on average, 30 to 60 days. Revenue, net of discounts, is generally recognized upon shipment or delivery to customers in accordance with written sales terms. Standard sales terms do not include customer acceptance conditions, future credits, rebates, price protection or general rights of return. The terms of sales to both domestic customers and international distributors are identical, although adherence to these terms is more pervasive with domestic customers than with international distributors. In instances when a customer order specifies final acceptance of the system, revenue recognition is deferred until all customer acceptance criteria have been met. Estimated warranty obligations are recorded upon shipment. In certain situations customer requested short-term bill-and-hold sale arrangements are accommodated and accounted for in accordance with authoritative literature. Sales and use taxes are reported on a net basis, excluding them from revenues and cost of revenues.

 

Service contract revenue is based on a stated contractual rate and is deferred and recognized ratably over the service period, which is typically from one to five years beginning after the expiration of the standard warranty. Deferred income associated with service contracts was $7,073,000 and $6,173,000 as of July 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively. Revenue from installation and training services provided to customers is deferred until the service has been performed or no further obligations to perform the service exist. The amount of deferred installation and training revenue was $369,000 and $412,000 as of July 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively.

 

When a sale involves multiple deliverables, such as equipment, installation services and training, the amount of the sale consideration is allocated to each respective element based on the relative selling price and revenue is recognized when revenue recognition criteria for each element are met. Consideration allocated to delivered equipment is equal to the total arrangement consideration less the selling price of installation and training. The selling price of installation and training services is based on specific objective evidence, including third-party invoices.

 

No customer accounted for more than 10% of revenue in any of the three- or nine-month periods ended July 31, 2016 or 2015.

 

Advance Payments from Customers

 

The Company typically does not receive advance payments from its customers in connection with the sale of its products. The Company occasionally enters into an arrangement under which a customer agrees to purchase a large quantity of product to be delivered over a period of time. Depending on the size of these arrangements, the Company may negotiate an advance payment from these customers. Advance payments from customers aggregated $205,000 and $96,000 as of July 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015, respectively. Revenue recognition for customer orders that include advance payments is consistent with the Company’s revenue recognition policy described above.

 

Internal Software Development Costs

 

Internal software development costs consist primarily of internal salaries and consulting fees for developing software platforms for sale to or use by customers within equipment the Company sells. We capitalize costs related to the development of our software products because the Company will use these software products as an integral part of a product or process sold or leased. This software is primarily related to our Breeze Suite platform, including underlying support products. Capitalized software may also include other less significant projects supporting software for separate sale or for internal use.

 

We begin to capitalize costs related to software developed for new products and significant enhancements of existing products once we reach technological feasibility and we have completed all research and development for the components of the product. We amortize these costs on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related product, generally five, but not more than seven years, commencing with the date the product becomes available for general release to our customers. We amortize costs for internal use software over the expected use periods of the software (See Note 5). The achievement of technological feasibility and the estimate of a product’s economic life require management’s judgment. Any changes in key assumptions, market conditions or other circumstances could result in an impairment of the capitalized software asset and a charge to our operating results.

 

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

 

ASC 805, Business Combinations, establishes the authoritative guidance setting out principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and the goodwill acquired. The underlying purchase method of accounting for acquisitions within this guidance requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at their fair value at the acquisition date and includes the capitalization of purchased in-process research and development and the expensing of acquisition costs.

 

When a company is acquired, the purchase price is allocated among net tangible assets, in-process research and development, other identifiable intangible assets and the remainder, if any, is recognized as goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired and, in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, goodwill is not amortized. However, the Company periodically assesses the qualitative factors used to determine whether events or circumstances would lead to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The Company intends to perform its annual impairment test, as required by ASC 350, as of September 30 of each year. If the Company determines that the goodwill is impaired, it will record this impairment in its consolidated financial statements.

 

The Company determined no triggering events had occurred that would require impairment testing as of July 31, 2016. As noted above, the Company will conduct the annual evaluation of recorded goodwill as of September 30, 2016.  Although the Company currently does not believe that recorded value has been impaired, a formal review could potentially reveal some level of impairment at that time.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets or liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Each quarter, the Company assesses the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income. The analysis to determine the amount of the valuation allowance is highly judgmental and requires weighing positive and negative evidence including historical and projected future taxable income and ongoing tax planning strategies. See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements, “Income Taxes,” for further discussion of the Company’s valuation allowance.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

Revenue from Contracts with Customers – In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance creating Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Section 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The new section will replace Section 605, Revenue Recognition, and creates modifications to various other revenue accounting standards for specialized transactions and industries. The section is intended to conform revenue accounting principles to a concurrently issued International Financial Reporting Standards to reconcile previously differing treatment between United States practices and those of the rest of the world and enhance disclosures related to disaggregated revenue information. In August 2015, the FASB deferred the effective date of the new guidance by one year, with the updated guidance now effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The FASB has issued ASU 2016-10 and ASU 2016-12 that are also related to ASC 606. The Company will adopt the new provisions of this accounting standard at the beginning of fiscal year 2019. The Company will continue to study this standard to evaluate the expected impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In July 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330) Related to Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory applies to all inventory, except inventory that is measured using either last-in, first-out (LIFO) or the retail inventory method. Inventory measured using either first-in, first-out (FIFO) or average cost is covered by the new amendments. Inventory within the scope of the new guidance should be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventory measured using LIFO or the retail inventory method. The amendments will take effect for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The new guidance should be applied prospectively, and earlier application is permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The Company is evaluating the impact of the standard on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. ASU No. 2016-02 was issued to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing all lease transactions (with terms in excess of 12 months) on the balance sheet as a lease liability and a right-of-use asset (as defined). ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with earlier application permitted, and requires a modified retrospective transition method upon adoption. The Company is currently assessing the effect that ASU 2016-02 will have on its results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. For public entities, this ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. The Company is currently assessing the effect that ASU 2016-09 will have on its results of operations, financial position and cash flows.