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Related Party Transactions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]  
Related Party Transactions
Related Party Transactions.
Our amended and restated agreement of limited partnership expressly permits us to enter into transactions with our general partner or any of its affiliates, including, without limitation, buying or selling properties from or to our general partner and any of its affiliates and borrowing and lending money from or to our general partner and any of its affiliates, subject to limitations contained in our partnership agreement and the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act. The indentures governing our indebtedness contain certain covenants applicable to transactions with affiliates.
Investment
Mr. Icahn, along with his affiliates (excluding Icahn Enterprises and Icahn Enterprises Holdings), makes investments in the Investment Funds. During 2015, 2014 and 2013, affiliates of Mr. Icahn invested $276 million, $500 million and $45 million, respectively, in the Investment Funds. Subsequent to December 31, 2015, affiliates of Mr. Icahn invested $490 million in the Investment Funds. During the year ended December 31, 2015, certain affiliates of Mr. Icahn had redemptions of $36 million from the Investment Funds. As further discussed in Note 7, "Financial Instruments - Investment Segment and Holding Company," the Investment Funds were parties to swap agreements with respect to shares of the S&P 500 ETF Trust (“SPDR”). During 2013, certain of the Investment Funds assigned an aggregate 7.7 million SPDR shares to Koala Holdings LP and its subsidiary (collectively, "Koala"), an affiliate of Mr. Icahn's. In addition, certain of the Investment Funds distributed $185 million to Koala in 2013. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the total fair market value of investments in the Investment Funds made by Mr. Icahn and his affiliates (excluding Icahn Enterprises and Icahn Enterprises Holdings) was approximately $4.1 billion and $4.8 billion, respectively, representing approximately 55% and 53%, respectively, of the Investment Funds' asset under management.
Icahn Capital LP ("Icahn Capital") pays for expenses pertaining to the operation, administration and investment activities of our Investment segment for the benefit of the Investment Funds (including salaries, benefits and rent). Effective April 1, 2011, based on an expense-sharing arrangement, certain expenses borne by Icahn Capital are reimbursed by the Investment Funds. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, $235 million, $155 million and $113 million, respectively, was allocated to the Investment Funds based on this expense-sharing arrangement.
Railcar
ARL
Prior to October 2, 2013, ARL was a railcar leasing company which was wholly owned and controlled by Mr. Icahn. Earlier in 2013, ARL became a wholly owned subsidiary of IRL Holding LLC ("IRL") which was also wholly owned and controlled by Mr. Icahn. ARL had, for some time, been purchasing railcars from ARI on a non-exclusive basis. In addition, ARL had entered into an agreement to manage a fleet of ARI-produced railcars owned by our subsidiary, AEP Leasing LLC ("AEP Leasing"), a subsidiary of American Enterprise Properties Corporation.
 On September 20, 2013, AEP purchased the remainder of the management agreement between AEP Leasing and ARL for $21 million; ARL then distributed $71 million in cash and $171 million in notes receivable (including interest accrued) to IRL.
On October 2, 2013, our subsidiaries, AEP and IEP Energy Holding LLC, entered into a contribution agreement with ARL and IRL pursuant to which AEP contributed $279 million in cash to ARL; on January 1, 2014, AEP contributed the fair market value of its 100% interest in AEP Leasing to ARL; and in exchange, AEP received a 75% membership interest in ARL. ARL then incurred additional debt of $381 million (the "ARL Financing") in February 2014. Pursuant to the ARL Contribution Agreement, ARL distributed $381 million to IRL on February 24, 2014. In connection with this debt financing transaction, ACF Industries Holding LLC, an affiliate, has provided an unconditional guaranty in respect of the debt incurred for the ARL Financing.
ARL had a secured promissory note (the "Icahn Note") dated October 28, 2004 from Mr. Icahn for $165 million, bearing interest of prime plus 1.75%. Pursuant to the ARL Contribution Agreement, the Icahn Note (with a balance of $171 million, including accrued interest) was distributed to IRL in October 2013. For the years ended December 31, 2013 ARL received interest income of $6 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2015, ARL distributed an aggregate of $25 million in distributions to IRL and also made a non-resident withholding of $2 million on IRL's behalf. In addition, pursuant to the ARL Contribution Agreement, ARL made a $3 million guaranteed payment to IRL during the year ended December 31, 2014.
These transactions were approved by a special committee of independent members of our board of directors. The special committee was advised by its own legal counsel and independent financial adviser with respect to the transactions. The special committee received an opinion from its financial adviser as to the fairness to us, from a financial point of view, of the consideration paid by us.
Agreements with ACF Industries LLC
ARI has from time to time purchased components from ACF Industries LLC ("ACF"), an affiliate of Mr. Icahn, under a long-term agreement, as well as on a purchase order basis. ACF is a manufacturer and fabricator of specialty railcar parts and miscellaneous steel products. Under the manufacturing services agreement entered into in 1994 and amended in 2005, ACF agreed to manufacture and distribute, at ARI’s instruction, various railcar components. In consideration for these services, ARI agreed to pay ACF based on agreed upon rates. The agreement automatically renews unless written notice is provided by ARI.
Also in April 2015, ARI entered into a parts purchasing and sale agreement with ACF. The agreement was unanimously approved by the independent directors of ARI’s and Icahn Enterprises' audit committee. Under this agreement, ARI and ACF may, from time to time, purchase and sell to each other certain parts for railcars ("Railcar Parts"). ARI also provides a non-exclusive and non-assignable license of certain intellectual property related to the manufacture and sale of Railcar Parts to ARI. The buyer under the agreement must pay the market price of the parts as determined in the agreement or as stated on a public website for all ARI buyers. ARI may provide designs, engineering and purchasing support, including all materials and components to ACF. Subject to certain early termination events, the agreement terminates on December 31, 2020.
For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, ARI purchased $18 million, $5 million and less than $1 million, respectively, of components from ACF.
In January 2013, ARI entered into a purchasing and engineering services agreement and license with ACF. The agreement was unanimously approved by the independent directors of ARI’s and Icahn Enterprises' audit committee on the basis that the terms of the agreement were not materially less favorable to ARI than those that could have been obtained in a comparable transaction with an unrelated person. Under this agreement, ARI provides purchasing support and engineering services to ACF in connection with ACF’s manufacture and sale of tank railcars at its facility in Milton, Pennsylvania. Additionally, ARI has granted ACF a nonexclusive, non-assignable license to certain of ARI’s intellectual property, including certain designs, specifications, processes and manufacturing know-how required to manufacture and sell tank railcars during the term of the agreement. In November 2015, ARI and ACF amended this agreement to, among other provisions, extend the termination date to December 31, 2016 from December 31, 2015, subject to certain early termination events.
In consideration for the services and license provided by ARI to ACF in conjunction with the agreement, ACF pays ARI a royalty and, if any, a share of the net profits ("ACF Profits") earned on each railcar manufactured and sold by ACF under the agreement, in an aggregate amount equal to 30% of such ACF Profits, as calculated under the agreement. ACF Profits are net of certain of ACF’s start-up and shutdown expenses and certain maintenance capital. If no ACF Profits are realized on a railcar manufactured and sold by ACF pursuant to the agreement, ARI will still be entitled to the royalty for such railcar and will not share in any losses incurred by ACF in connection therewith. In addition, any railcar components supplied by ARI to ACF for the manufacture of these railcars are provided at fair market value.
Under the agreement, ACF had the exclusive right to manufacture and sell subject tank railcars for any new orders scheduled for delivery to customers on or before January 31, 2014. ARI has the exclusive right to any sales opportunities for tank railcars for any new orders scheduled for delivery after that date and through termination of the agreement. ARI also has the right to assign any sales opportunity to ACF, and ACF has the right, but not the obligation, to accept such sales opportunity. Any sales opportunity accepted by ACF will not be reflected in ARI’s orders or backlog.
Revenues of $10 million, $19 million and $12 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, were recorded for sales of railcar components to ACF and for royalties and profits on railcars sold by ACF.
In April 2015, ARI entered into a repair services and support agreement with ACF. The agreement was unanimously approved by the independent directors of ARI’s and Icahn Enterprises' audit committee. Under this agreement, ARI provides certain sales and administrative and technical services, materials and purchasing support and engineering services to ACF to provide repair and retrofit services ("Repair Services"). Additionally, ARI provides a non-exclusive and non-assignable license of certain intellectual property related to the Repair Services for railcars. ARI receives 30% of the net profits (as defined in the agreement) for Repair Services related to all railcars not owned by ARL or its subsidiaries and 20% of the net profits for Repair Services related to all railcars owned by ARL or its subsidiaries, if any, but does not absorb any losses incurred by ACF.
Under the agreement, ARI has the exclusive right to sales opportunities related to Repair Services, except for any sales opportunity related to Repair Services presented to ACF by ARL with respect to ARL-owned railcars. ARI also has the right to assign any sales opportunities related to Repair Services to ACF, and ACF has the right, but not the obligation, to accept such sales opportunity. Subject to certain early termination events, the agreement terminates on December 31, 2020.
ARI's revenues under this agreement were less than $1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015.
In April 2013, AEP Leasing entered into an agreement ("ACF Agreement") with ACF whereby AEP Leasing agreed to purchase 1,050 railcars from ACF in 2013 and 2014 for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $150 million. Additionally, AEP Leasing had an option that was exercisable any time prior to September 1, 2014 to purchase an additional 500 railcars for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $70 million. During the second quarter of 2014, AEP Leasing exercised its option to purchase an additional 296 railcars for an aggregate purchase price of $43 million.
The ACF Agreement was assumed by ARL in connection with our purchase of a 75% economic interest in ARL. The ACF Agreement was unanimously approved by Icahn Enterprises' audit committee consisting of independent directors, who were advised by independent counsel and an independent financial advisor on the basis that the terms were not less favorable than those terms that could have been obtained in a comparable transaction with an unaffiliated third party. Under this agreement, purchases of railcars by our Railcar segment from ACF were $9 million, $127 million and $57 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 respectively.
In addition to the above purchases, on a contract-by-contract basis, ARL purchased $59 million of railcars from ACF for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Insight Portfolio Group LLC
Insight Portfolio Group LLC (“Insight Portfolio Group”) is an entity formed and controlled by Mr. Icahn in order to maximize the potential buying power of a group of entities with which Mr. Icahn has a relationship in negotiating with a wide range of suppliers of goods, services and tangible and intangible property at negotiated rates.
In 2013, Icahn Enterprises Holdings acquired a minority equity interest in Insight Portfolio Group and agreed to pay a portion of Insight Portfolio Group's operating expenses. In addition to the minority equity interest held by Icahn Enterprises Holdings, certain subsidiaries of Icahn Enterprises Holdings, including Federal-Mogul, CVR, PSC Metals, ARI, ARL, Tropicana, Viskase and WPH also acquired minority equity interests in Insight Portfolio Group and agreed to pay a portion of Insight Portfolio Group's operating expenses. A number of other entities with which Mr. Icahn has a relationship also acquired equity interests in Insight Portfolio Group and also agreed to pay certain of Insight Portfolio Group's operating expenses. For each of the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, we and certain of our subsidiaries paid certain of the Insight Portfolio Group's operating expenses of approximately $2 million.