Derivative Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Derivative Instruments

Derivative Instruments

6. Derivative Instruments

The Company uses foreign currency forward exchange contracts and foreign exchange option contracts to limit the exposure of exchange rate fluctuations on certain foreign currency receivables, payables, and other known and forecasted transactional exposures for periods consistent with the expected cash flow of the underlying transactions.  Management’s policy for managing foreign currency risk is to use derivatives to hedge up to 75% of the value of the forecasted exposure.  The foreign currency forward exchange and foreign exchange option contracts generally mature within eighteen months and are designed to limit exposure to exchange rate fluctuations.

The Company also uses natural gas forward contracts to limit the exposure to changes in natural gas prices.  Management’s policy for managing natural gas exposure is to use derivatives to hedge up to 75% of the forecasted natural gas requirements.  The natural gas forward contracts generally mature within twenty-four months.

The Company accounts for its derivative instruments under ASC 815 “Derivatives and Hedging.”  Hedge effectiveness is measured on a quarterly basis and any portion of ineffectiveness as well as hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recorded directly to current earnings, in other expense — net.

The fair value of outstanding derivative contracts in the consolidated balance sheets was as follows:

		December 31
Asset Derivatives	Balance Sheet Locations	2015		2014
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	Other current assets	$	411	$	1,665
Foreign exchange contracts	Other assets	6		182
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	Other current assets	51		308
Total asset derivatives		$	468	$	2,155

		December 31
Liability Derivatives	Balance Sheet Locations	2015		2014
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	13	$	—
Natural gas contracts	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	586		427
Foreign exchange contracts	Accrued pension and other liabilities	3		—
Natural gas contracts	Accrued pension and other liabilities	89		372
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	92		62
Total liability derivatives		$	783	$	861

The Company had the following outstanding derivative contracts that were entered into to hedge forecasted transactions:

	December 31
(in thousands except for mmbtu)	2015		2014		2013
Natural gas contracts (mmbtu)	955,000		810,000		525,000
Foreign exchange contracts	$	37,016	$	41,237	$	44,110

The use of derivatives exposes the Company to the risk that a counter party may default on a derivative contract.  The Company enters into derivative financial instruments with high credit quality counterparties and diversifies its positions among such counterparties.  The aggregate fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments in asset positions represents the maximum loss that the Company would recognize at that date if all counterparties failed to perform as contracted.  The Company has entered into various master netting arrangements with counterparties to facilitate settlement of gains and losses on these contracts.  These arrangements may allow for netting of exposures in the event of default or termination of the counterparty agreement due to breach of contract.  The Company does not net its derivative positions by counterparty for purposes of balance sheet presentation and disclosure.

	December 31, 2015						December 31, 2014
	Fair Value of Assets			Fair Value of Liabilities			Fair Value of Assets			Fair Value of Liabilities
Gross derivative amounts recognized in the balance sheet	$	468		$	783		$	2,155		$	861
Gross derivative amounts not offset in the balance sheet that are eligible for offsetting	(67		)	(67		)	(26		)	(26		)
Net amount	$	401		$	716		$	2,129		$	835

Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) (OCI) and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.  The location of the gain or (loss) reclassified into earnings (effective portion) for derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships is cost of products sold (excluding depreciation and amortization).

	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized
	in OCI on Derivatives (Effective Portion)
	December 31
	2015			2014			2013
Foreign exchange contracts	$	647		$	2,095		$	1,326
Natural gas contracts	(984		)	(782		)	135
Total	$	(337	)	$	1,313		$	1,461

	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from
	Accumulated OCI into Earnings (Effective Portion) (1)
	December 31
	2015			2014		2013
Foreign exchange contracts	$	2,077		$	484	$	1,018
Natural gas contracts	(941		)	221		(555		)
Total	$	1,136		$	705	$	463

(1) Assuming market rates remain constant with the rates as of December 31, 2015, a loss of $0.2 million is expected to be recognized in earnings over the next 12 months.

	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized
	in Earnings on Derivatives (Ineffective Portion
	and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing)
	December 31
	2015		2014		2013
Foreign exchange contracts	$	—	$	—	$	198
Total	$	—	$	—	$	198

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

The Company has also entered into certain derivatives to minimize its exposure of exchange rate fluctuations on certain foreign currency receivables, payables, and other known and forecasted transactional exposures.  The Company has not qualified these contracts for hedge accounting treatment and therefore, the fair value gains and losses on these contracts are recorded in earnings, in other expense — net as follows:

	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings on Derivatives
	December 31
	2015			2014			2013
Foreign exchange contracts	$	(1,042	)	$	(511	)	$	1,256
Total	$	(1,042	)	$	(511	)	$	1,256