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INVESTMENT SECURITIES
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
INVESTMENT SECURITIES INVESTMENT SECURITIES
Summary of Investments in Debt Securities - AFS and HTM

The following tables present the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and approximate fair values of investments in debt securities AFS at the dates indicated:
 June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
(in thousands)Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair
Value
U.S. Treasury securities$1,505,434  $16,362  $(1) $1,521,795  $4,086,733  $4,497  $(292) $4,090,938  
Corporate debt securities98,389  110  (13) 98,486  139,696  39  (22) 139,713  
ABS113,611  983  (1,329) 113,265  138,839  1,034  (1,473) 138,400  
State and municipal securities5  —  —  5  9  —  —  9  
MBS:        
GNMA - Residential4,154,798  111,781  (161) 4,266,418  4,868,512  12,895  (16,066) 4,865,341  
GNMA - Commercial1,002,210  26,394  —  1,028,604  773,889  6,954  (1,785) 779,058  
FHLMC and FNMA - Residential4,866,733  78,804  (1,465) 4,944,072  4,270,426  14,296  (30,325) 4,254,397  
FHLMC and FNMA - Commercial68,821  6,460  (3) 75,278  69,242  2,665  (5) 71,902  
Total investments in debt securities AFS$11,810,001  $240,894  $(2,972) $12,047,923  $14,347,346  $42,380  $(49,968) $14,339,758  

The following tables present the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and approximate fair values of investments in debt securities HTM at the dates indicated:
 June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
(in thousands)Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair
Value
ABS$23,342  $353  $—  $23,695  $—  $—  $—  $—  
MBS:   
GNMA - Residential2,319,089  62,751  (930) 2,380,910  1,948,025  11,354  (7,670) 1,951,709  
GNMA - Commercial2,887,131  122,984  —  3,010,115  1,990,772  20,115  (5,369) 2,005,518  
Total investments in debt securities HTM$5,229,562  $186,088  $(930) $5,414,720  $3,938,797  $31,469  $(13,039) $3,957,227  

As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had investment securities with an estimated carrying value of $5.0 billion and $7.5 billion, respectively, pledged as collateral, which were comprised of the following: $359.2 million and $2.7 billion, respectively, were pledged as collateral for the Company's borrowing capacity with the FRB; $3.8 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively, were pledged to secure public fund deposits; $129.7 million and $148.5 million, respectively, were pledged to various independent parties to secure repurchase agreements, support hedging relationships, and for recourse on loan sales; $350.0 million and $699.1 million, respectively, were pledged to deposits with clearing organizations; and $425.9 million and $461.9 million, respectively, were pledged to secure the Company's customer overnight sweep product.

At June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had $40.4 million and $46.0 million, respectively, of accrued interest related to investment securities which is included in the Other assets line of the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. No accrued interest related to investment securities was written off during the periods ended June 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

There were no transfers of securities between AFS and HTM during the periods ended June 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019.
NOTE 2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (continued)

Contractual Maturity of Investments in Debt Securities

Contractual maturities of the Company’s investments in debt securities AFS at June 30, 2020 were as follows:
(in thousands)Amortized CostFair Value
Due within one year $1,028,954  $1,033,024  
Due after 1 year but within 5 years656,560  671,008  
Due after 5 years but within 10 years424,030  439,653  
Due after 10 years9,700,457  9,904,238  
Total$11,810,001  $12,047,923  

Contractual maturities of the Company’s investments in debt securities HTM at June 30, 2020 were as follows:
(in thousands)Amortized CostFair Value
Due within one year $—  $—  
Due after 1 year but within 5 years17,207  17,307  
Due after 5 years but within 10 years6,135  6,388  
Due after 10 years5,206,220  5,391,025  
Total$5,229,562  $5,414,720  
Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities when there is a right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

Gross Unrealized Loss and Fair Value of Investments in Debt Securities AFS and HTM

The following table presents the aggregate amount of unrealized losses as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 on debt securities in the Company’s AFS investment portfolios classified according to the amount of time those securities have been in a continuous loss position:
 June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
 Less than 12 months12 months or longerLess than 12 months12 months or longer
(in thousands)Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
U.S. Treasury securities$139,982  $(1) $—  $—  $200,096  $(167) $499,883  $(125) 
Corporate debt securities56,893  (13) —  —  110,802  (22) —  —  
ABS12,779  (69) 38,538  (1,260) 27,662  (44) 47,616  (1,429) 
MBS:        
GNMA - Residential21,157  (26) 28,479  (135) 2,053,763  (6,895) 997,024  (9,171) 
GNMA - Commercial—  —  —  —  217,291  (1,756) 14,300  (29) 
FHLMC and FNMA - Residential525,099  (1,177) 26,452  (288) 660,078  (4,110) 1,344,057  (26,215) 
FHLMC and FNMA - Commercial—  —  425  (3) —  —  430  (5) 
Total investments in debt securities AFS$755,910  $(1,286) $93,894  $(1,686) $3,269,692  $(12,994) $2,903,310  $(36,974) 

The following table presents the aggregate amount of unrealized losses as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 on debt securities in the Company’s HTM investment portfolios classified according to the amount of time those securities have been in a continuous loss position:
June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Less than 12 months12 months or longerLess than 12 months12 months or longer
(in thousands)Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
MBS:
GNMA - Residential$81,040  $(930) $—  $—  $559,058  $(2,004) $657,733  $(5,666) 
GNMA - Commercial—  —  —  —  731,445  (5,369) —  —  
Total investments in debt securities HTM$81,040  $(930) $—  $—  $1,290,503  $(7,373) $657,733  $(5,666) 
NOTE 2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (continued)

Allowance for credit-related losses on AFS securities

The Company did not record an allowance for credit-related losses on AFS securities against its investments in debt securities at June 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

Management has concluded that the unrealized losses on its investments in debt securities for which it has not recorded an allowance (which were comprised of 218 individual securities at June 30, 2020) are not credit related since (1) they are not related to the underlying credit quality of the issuers, (2) the entire contractual principal and interest due on these securities is currently expected to be recoverable, (3) the Company does not intend to sell these investments at a loss and (4) it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the investments before recovery of the amortized cost basis, which for the Company's debt securities may be at maturity.

Gains (Losses) and Proceeds on Sales of Investments in Debt Securities

Proceeds from sales of investments in debt securities and the realized gross gains and losses from those sales were as follows:
Three-Month Period Ended June 30,Six-Month Period Ended June 30,
(in thousands)2020201920202019
Proceeds from the sales of AFS securities$631,459  $344,792  $1,553,560  $627,664  
Gross realized gains$22,516  $2,528  $32,829  $3,340  
Gross realized losses—  (149) (1,034) (2,961) 
    Net realized gains/(losses) (1)
$22,516  $2,379  $31,795  $379  
(1) Includes net realized gain/(losses) on trading securities of $0.5 million and $(0.9) million for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and $(12.0) thousand and $(0.3) million for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2019, respectively.

The Company uses the specific identification method to determine the cost of the securities sold and the gain or loss recognized.

Other Investments

Other investments consisted of the following as of:
(in thousands)June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
FHLB of Pittsburgh and FRB stock$659,146  $716,615  
LIHTC investments285,932  265,271  
Equity securities not held for trading (1)
13,221  12,697  
Interest-bearing deposits with an affiliate bank750,000  —  
Trading securities19,766  1,097  
Total$1,728,065  $995,680  
(1) Includes $0.2 million and zero of equity certificates related to an off-balance sheet securitization as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

Other investments primarily include the Company's investment in the stock of the FHLB of Pittsburgh and the FRB. These stocks do not have readily determinable fair values because their ownership is restricted and there is no market for their sale. The stocks can be sold back only at their par value of $100 per share, and FHLB stock can be sold back only to the FHLB or to another member institution. Accordingly, these stocks are carried at cost. During the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2020, the Company purchased $2.9 million and $118.6 million of FHLB stock at par, respectively, and redeemed $128.6 million and $176.0 million of FHLB stock at par, respectively. There was no gain or loss associated with these redemptions. During the six-month period ended June 30, 2020, the Company did not purchase FRB stock.

The Company's LIHTC investments are accounted for using the proportional amortization method. Equity securities are measured at fair value as of June 30, 2020, with changes in fair value recognized in net income, and consist primarily of CRA mutual fund investments.

Interest-bearing deposits include deposits maturing in more than 90 days with Santander.
NOTE 2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (continued)

With the exception of equity and trading securities which are measured at fair value, the Company evaluates these other investments for impairment based on the ultimate recoverability of the carrying value, rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. The Company held an immaterial amount of equity securities without readily determinable fair values at the reporting date.