EX-99.P.1 4 d623445dex99p1.htm CODE OF ETHICS KENNEDY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. Code of Ethics Kennedy Capital Management, Inc.

Exhibit (p)(1)

KENNEDY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.

CODE OF ETHICS

General

The Securities and Exchange Commission adopted a rule and rule amendments under Section 204 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 that require all registered investment advisers to adopt codes of ethics. The codes of ethics must set forth standards of conduct expected of advisory personnel and address conflicts that arise from personal trading by advisory personnel. The rule and rule amendments are intended to promote compliance with fiduciary standards by advisers and their personnel. The SEC also adopted conforming amendments to rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act.

Purpose

An investment adviser’s code of ethics should set the tone for the conduct and professionalism of the adviser’s Employees, officers, and directors. Because the ethical culture of a firm is of critical importance and must be supported at the highest levels of the firm, a firm’s code of ethics should be approved or endorsed by senior management.

A code of ethics should be designed to:

 

   

Protect the firm’s Clients by deterring misconduct;

   

Educate Employees regarding the firm’s expectations and the laws governing their conduct;

   

Remind Employees that they are in a position of trust and must act with complete propriety at all times;

   

Protect the reputation of the firm;

   

Guard against violation of the securities laws; and

   

Establish procedures for Employees to follow so that advisers may determine whether their Employees are complying with the firm’s ethical principles.

A code of ethics should establish the firm’s expectations for its personnel and set forth principles and standards for them to follow. Specific procedures related to these standards may be included in the code itself or in a compliance manual.

The KCM Code of Ethics is based on the principle that the Adviser and its Supervised Persons (as defined in the Definitions section Item A below) owe Clients a fiduciary duty. To that end, the Adviser and its Supervised Persons owe Clients a duty of trust and fair dealing, and must place the interests of Clients before their own. The Adviser and its Supervised Persons also must avoid activities, interests and relationships that conflict (or appear to conflict) with the interests of Clients.

 

     

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Definitions

 

A.

Supervised Person” means:

 

  1.

any director, officer, manager, principal or partner of the Adviser (and other persons occupying a similar status or performing similar functions, as determined by the Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”));

  2.

any Employee of the Adviser; and

  3.

any other person who is authorized by the Adviser to provide investment advice on behalf of the Adviser and is subject to the Adviser’s supervision and control, as determined by the CCO.

The CCO will determine which persons meet the definition of Supervised Person (including independent contractors, consultants and temporary Employees), inform such person of his or her responsibilities under this Code, and establish and maintain a list of such Supervised Persons.

 

B.

Access Person” means:

 

  1.

any Supervised Person who has access to nonpublic information regarding any Client’s purchase or sale of Securities as defined below, or nonpublic information regarding the portfolio holdings of any Reportable Fund as defined below;

  2.

any Supervised Person who is involved in making securities recommendations to Clients, or has access to such recommendations that are nonpublic;

  3.

any Employee of the Adviser (or of any company in a Control (as defined below) relationship with the Adviser) who, in connection with his/her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in or obtains information regarding, the purchase or sale of Securities by a Client, or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales;

  4.

any natural person in a Control relationship with the Adviser who obtains information concerning recommendations made to Clients regarding the purchase or sale of Securities by a Client; and

  5.

any director, officer or partner of the Adviser (see Outside Directors below).

The CCO will determine which persons meet the definition of Access Person (including independent contractors, consultants and temporary Employees), inform such person of his or her responsibilities under this Code, and establish and maintain a list of such Access Persons.

 

C.

Beneficial Ownership” has the same meaning as in Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”). Under this Rule, generally a person beneficially owns a Security if the person, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares a direct or indirect “pecuniary interest” in the Security. A pecuniary interest means the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the Security.

An indirect pecuniary interest includes:

 

  1.

securities held by a member of the person’s “immediate family” sharing the same household as the Access Person. Immediate family is defined as spouse, parent, child, sibling, in-law,

 

     

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grandparent, grandchild, aunt, uncle, niece, nephew, cousin, step-relative, or any individual with whom an Employee has a close personal relationship, such as a domestic partner, cohabitant, or significant other;

  2.

a general partner’s proportional interest in the Securities held by the general or limited partnership;

  3.

a person’s interest in Securities held by a trust;

  4.

a person’s right to acquire Securities through the exercise or conversion of any derivative security (meaning any option, warrant, convertible security, stock appreciation right or similar right with an exercise or conversion privilege at a price related to the Security, or similar securities with a value derived from the value of the Security), whether or not presently exercisable; and

  5.

a person’s interest in the portfolio securities held by a corporation or similar entity (other than a Fund (as defined in this section, Item I. below)) if the person owns securities of the entity, is a Controlling shareholder of the entity and has or shares investment control over the entity’s portfolio.

Any Access Person filing a report under this Code can state on the report that he or she disclaims Beneficial Ownership of certain Securities or transactions and that the report is not an admission that the person is the Beneficial Owner of such Securities.

 

D.

Blind Trust” means an account where the Access Person has a beneficial interest but has no knowledge of the transactions executed in the account by the trustee and has no power to intervene with regard to the way the trustee is managing the account. Such account is reportable to the CCO, but may be exempt from pre-clearance only if the CCO is satisfied that such account is truly discretionary.

 

E.

Closed-End Fund” is a publicly traded investment company representing an interest in a specialized portfolio of securities that is actively managed by an investment advisor and which typically concentrates on a specific industry, geographic market, or sector. A closed-end fund trades similarly to a common stock on a stock exchange and experiences price changes throughout the day – as the closed-end fund is bought and sold, as well as based upon the changing values of the securities held in the closed-end fund. Unlike open-end funds, new shares/units in a closed-end fund are not created by managers to meet demand from investors.

 

F.

Control” has the same meaning as in the 1940 Act Section 2(a)(9). Section 2(a)(9) provides that “control” means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, unless such power is solely the result of an official position with such company. Section 2(a)(9) also provides that any person who owns beneficially, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 25% of the voting securities (i.e., securities that entitle the holder to vote for the election of directors (or their substantial equivalent) of a company is presumed to control that company. Conversely, any person who does not so own more than 25% of the voting securities of any company is presumed not to control that company. A natural person is presumed not to be a controlled person, although any such presumption could be rebutted by the relevant facts and circumstances.

 

     

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  G.

Discretionary Managed Account” means an account for which an Access Person has a beneficial interest but has completely and fully granted decision-making authority to a third party investment adviser (who is not an immediate family member or not otherwise covered by this Code, although the Adviser may be retained in such a capacity by an Access Person – subject, of course, to the terms of this Code), and over which the Access Person does not have direct or indirect influence or control. The third party investment adviser must exercise all trading discretion over the account and will not accept any order to buy or sell specific securities from the Access Person or from any person on behalf of the Access Person. Such account is reportable to the CCO, but may be exempt from pre-clearance only if the CCO is satisfied that such account is truly discretionary. The Access Person may be required to provide the CCO with a copy of the executed contract that grants such authority to the third party investment adviser.

 

  H.

Exchange-Traded Fund” or “ETF” is a marketable security that is index-based, allowing investors to purchase shares of a portfolio that tracks the yield and return of its native index. An ETF trades similarly to a common stock on a stock exchange and experiences price changes throughout the day as the ETFs are bought and sold, as well as based upon the changing values of the underlying securities which the ETF represents.

 

  I.

Fund” means any investment company registered under the 1940 Act.

 

  J.

Initial Public Offering” means an offering of securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), the issuer of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

  K.

Limited Offering” means an offering exempt from registration under the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(2) or Section 4(6) thereof, or pursuant to Rule 504, 505 or 506 under that Act. This generally includes any offering conducted on a private placement basis pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act (e.g., the sale of a Security directly by the issuer (or in a series of transactions which constitutes a distribution for the issuer) without an effective SEC registration).

 

  L.

Portfolio Manager” (including co-portfolio manager and assistant portfolio manager) means a Supervised Person who has or shares principal day-to-day responsibility for managing Client assets.

 

  M.

Purchase or Sale” of a Reportable Security includes, among other things, the writing of an option to purchase or sell the Security. A Reportable Security is in the process of being “purchased” or “sold” for the account of a Client from the time when a purchase or sale has been communicated to the person who places the buy and sell orders for the account of such Client until the time when such purchase or sale has been fully completed or terminated.

 

     

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N.

Reportable Fund” means any Fund for which the Adviser serves as an investment adviser ( as defined in Section 2(a)(20) of the 1940 Act), or any Fund whose investment adviser or principal underwriter Controls, is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Adviser.

 

O.

Security” includes any security as defined under the Advisers Act or the 1940 Act, including, but not limited to any: note, stock, treasury stock, security future, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust certificate, pre-organization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas, or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option or privilege on any security (including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security” or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guaranty of or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase any of the foregoing.

For clarification, a Security includes shares issued by unit investment trusts and open-end funds (even those that operate as exchange-traded funds), shares issued by closed-end funds, limited partnership interests, interests in foreign unit trusts, foreign mutual funds or similar foreign pooled investment vehicles and interests in private investment funds or hedge funds.

 

P.

Reportable Security” means any Security except:

 

  1.

direct obligation of the U.S. government (e.g., Treasury bills, notes and bonds and US savings bonds);

  2.

money market instruments;

  3.

bankers’ acceptances;

  4.

bank certificates of deposit;

  5.

commercial paper;

  6.

high quality short-term debt instrument (including repurchase agreements) (generally any instrument having a maturity at issuance of less than 366 days and which is rated in one of the highest two rating categories by a Nationally Recognized Statistical Ratings Organization, or which is unrated but of comparable quality);

  7.

shares issued by open-end Funds, other than Reportable Funds and exchange-traded Funds; and

  8.

shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more open-end funds, none of which are Reportable Funds.

 

Q.

Security Held or to be Acquired or Sold by a Client” includes: (1) any Reportable Security which, within the most recent 15 calendar days, (a) is or has been held in a Client account; or (b) “is being or has been considered” by the Adviser for purchase or sale for the account of any Client; and (2) any option to purchase or sell, and any Security convertible into or exchangeable for, a Reportable Security.

 

     

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R.

A Security “is being considered for purchase or sale” for purposes of Q. above and D.1. below on any day on which:

 

  1.

a written or oral recommendation to purchase or sell the Security has been made and the Portfolio Manager seriously considers making a purchase or sale for a Client; or

  2.

a Portfolio Manager or persons advising a Portfolio Manager with respect to a specific transaction is making a determination regarding the purchase or sale of the Security for a Client.

Thus, a Security is being considered for purchase or sale at the time a research analyst is making a determination whether or not to recommend to a Portfolio Manager the purchase or sale of a Security and at the time a Portfolio Manager is making a determination whether or not to purchase or sell the Security.

Note Regarding Oral Recommendations: The Adviser expects a Supervised Person who receives an oral recommendation (normally, a Portfolio Manager) to recognize when he or she has received such a recommendation and act accordingly for purposes of this Code.

Prohibited Transactions

 

A.

Anti-Fraud. No Supervised Person shall, in connection with the purchase or sale, directly or indirectly, by such person of a “Security Held or to be Acquired by Clients” as defined in Q. above:

 

  1.

employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud Clients;

  2.

make to Clients any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state to Clients a material fact necessary in order to make the statement made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;

  3.

engage in any act, practice or course of business which operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon Clients;

  4.

engage in any manipulative practice with respect to Clients;

  5.

engage in any transaction in a Security while in possession of material, nonpublic information regarding the Security or the issuer of the Security (please see insider trading policy in the Compliance and Supervisory Procedures Manual); or

  6.

engage in any transactions or activities intended to raise, lower or maintain the price of any Security or to create a false appearance of active trading, such as by spreading rumors or falsehoods concerning a company.

 

B.

Acquisitions of Securities in Initial Public Offerings (“IPO”). No Access Person may acquire a Security in any IPO except as provided in this section. An Access Person invested in a KCM-managed strategy may participate in an IPO provided the Access Person is not a “Restricted Person” subject to FINRA Rule 5130. This rule defines a Portfolio Manager as a “Restricted Person” with respect to IPOs. Therefore, IPOs will not be allocated to a Portfolio Manager’s separately-managed account. There are no other exemptions to this requirement in this Code.

 

     

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C.

Front Running/Scalping. No Supervised Person may engage in front-running or scalping trading practices. “Front-running” is the practice of entering an order for a Securities transaction with knowledge of, and with the intention to benefit from, another order. An example would be the purchase of a stock for one’s personal account in anticipation of placing a large order for a Client account. A person front-running the large order may have the opportunity to sell his or her Securities at a higher price and make a profit.

“Scalping” is the practice of purchasing a stock with knowledge of, and with the intention to benefit from, the distribution of a recommendation to purchase a stock. An example would be the purchase of stock for one’s personal account with knowledge that an analyst was going to publish a buy recommendation on the stock. The person purchasing the stock may have the opportunity to sell his or her Securities at a higher price after the recommendation is released.

 

D.

Pre-Clearance Requirement for Reportable Securities. No Access Person may directly or indirectly acquire or dispose of any Beneficial Ownership in any Reportable Security, without the prior approval from the CCO. Requests for pre-clearance must be submitted electronically through the firm’s Employee Level Filing compliance software (“ELF”). Clearance generally will not be granted under the circumstances described below:

 

  1.

Client Securities

  a.

Clearance generally will not be granted for an Access Person to transact in a Reportable Security on a particular day if the same Security:

 

   

is being purchased or sold for a Client account on that same day (a Reportable Security is being purchased or sold for a Client account from the time the order is placed - including any extension of the original order - until the purchase or sale is completed);

 

   

has been purchased or sold for a Client account within the most recent five (5) business days preceding that same day, except as provided in this section;

 

   

is being “considered for purchase or sale” (as defined in the Definitions section Item R. above) for a Client account on that same day; or

 

   

has been “considered for purchase or sale” (as defined in the Definitions section Item R. above) for a Client account within the most recent three (3) business days preceding that same day.

 

  b.

An exception may be granted for “adjusting transactions” in Reportable Securities effected in a Client account. Generally, the exception will not apply if a purchase or sale is made across all accounts in a strategy on the same day or within the most recent five (5) business days preceding that same day. Examples of adjusting transactions are as follows:

 

   

transactions that are effected solely to bring a new Client Account’s Reportable Securities positions in line with the existing accounts in the strategy;

 

   

transactions that are effected solely for a Client Account as the result of a cash flow;

 

   

transactions that are effected solely for a Client Account due to an account liquidation or termination;

 

     

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transactions that are effected solely for a Client Account as a result of the reinstatement of an account; or

 

   

transactions otherwise deemed appropriate by the CCO.

 

  c.

Any request for such an exception is subject to the discretion of the CCO and the basis for not granting an exception request may be the facts and circumstances at the time the request is made. In considering whether to grant an exception request, the CCO may consider such factors (among others) as (i) liquidity, (ii) size of either the Access Person’s requested transaction and/or of any relevant adjusting transaction(s) in the same security, or (iii) known pending Client deposits or withdrawals. The Access Person may be required to furnish additional information to the CCO for consideration pertaining to the request for any exception.

  d.

It is expected that the above exception will not apply and the black-out period (the same day plus the most recent five (5) business days preceding that day) will remain in effect where the Portfolio Manager:

 

   

is making a new purchase across all accounts in the strategy;

 

   

is purchasing to increase a Security’s concentration across all accounts in the strategy;

 

   

is selling to reduce a Security’s concentration across all accounts in the strategy; or

 

   

is selling out of a Security’s total position across the entire strategy.

 

  2.

Limit Orders – Clearance generally will not be granted for an Access Person to, pursuant to a limit order, purchase or sell Reportable Securities unless such order would expire at the end of the business day for which pre-clearance is granted;

 

  3.

Holding Period – Clearance generally will not be granted for an Access Person to liquidate or cover a position in any Reportable Security held by the Access Person within thirty (30) calendar days of the date on which such position was initiated or otherwise established by the Access Person. Exceptions to this holding period policy are:

 

   

with the permission of the CCO, where the market value of the Reportable Security to be liquidated or covered has declined more than 15% from its initial market value; or

 

   

with the permission of the CCO, where an extraordinary and unanticipated financial demand requires the Access Person to liquidate a major portion of the position in the Access Person’s portfolio and the liquidation or cover does not harm any Client.

 

   

Discretionary Managed Accounts and Blind Trusts are excluded from such Holding Period.

 

  4.

Short Sales and Equivalent Transactions – Clearance generally will not be granted for an Access Person to sell short any Security held by Clients, including “short sales against the box” and any transactions that are economically equivalent to short sales, such as purchases of covered call options, sales of uncovered call options; purchases of put

 

     

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options without owning the underlying Security; and short sales of bonds that are convertible into equity positions.

In order to facilitate compliance with the above, the person requesting clearance is required to make certain representations in the request and include certain information with the request so that the CCO can properly determine whether to permit the transaction. In considering whether to permit a particular transaction, the CCO will evaluate the information submitted by the requesting party, as well as any other information reasonably necessary or appropriate to determine whether the proposed transaction presents an actual or apparent conflict with the interests of Clients.

Unless otherwise stated by the CCO, the approval is effective for the calendar day that the request was submitted and ultimately approved. If the transaction is not effected on that same day, a new request must be submitted.

 

E.

Pre-Approval of Any Securities To Be Acquired in a Limited Offering. No Access Person may acquire Beneficial Ownership of any Security in a Limited Offering, without the prior approval of the CCO (or in the absence of the CCO, the COO or CEO). Such requests for approval must be submitted electronically through the firm’s Employee Level Filing compliance software (“ELF”). With each request, the Access Person must submit written information to the CCO showing that:

 

  1.

the investment opportunity is available to the Access Person for reasons other than the person’s position with the Adviser;

  2.

the proposed investment would not usurp a Client’s investment opportunity; and

  3.

the person is not aware of any actual or apparent conflict with the interests of Clients.

Requests for approval for acquisitions of Securities in a Limited Offering will generally be denied if the issuer has publicly-traded equity securities.

In order to facilitate compliance with the above, the person requesting approval is required to make certain representations in the request and include certain information with the request so that the CCO can properly determine whether to permit the transaction. In considering whether to permit a particular transaction, the CCO will evaluate the information submitted by the requesting party, as well as any other information reasonably necessary or appropriate to determine whether the proposed transaction presents an actual or apparent conflict with the interests of Clients.

NOTE: Unlike the pre-clearance requirements in D. above, there are no exemptions to the pre-approval requirement for Limited Offerings.

Transactions Exempt From Pre-Clearance Requirement

The pre-clearance requirement in the Prohibited Transactions section Item D above does not apply to the following (these exemptions DO NOT apply to the pre-approval requirement for Limited Offerings in the Prohibited Transactions section Item E. above):

 

     

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A.

Mutual Funds. Purchases and sales of open-ended mutual funds other than Reportable Funds;

 

B.

No Control. Purchases and sales of Securities effected for any account over which the person has no direct or indirect influence or control or trading authority, including but not limited to, purchases or sales by a person’s investment manager pursuant to a written grant of discretionary authority (proof of the grant of such authority, such as an executed agreement, may be required). Please see definition for Blind Trust and/or Discretionary Managed Account as defined in the Definitions section above. Access Persons relying on this exemption from pre-clearance must inform the CCO of accounts meeting this exception.

 

C.

Non-Volitional. Purchases and sales of Securities that are non-volitional on the part of the person, e.g., transactions effected upon the exercise of puts or calls written by the person, bonds that have been called, periodic investment plans and sales from a margin account pursuant to a bona fide margin call.

 

D.

Certain Corporate Actions. Any acquisition of Securities through stock dividends, dividend reinvestments, stock splits, reverse stock splits, mergers, consolidations, spin-offs or other similar corporate reorganizations or distributions generally applicable to all holders of the same class of Securities; and any purchases which are: (i) made solely with the dividend proceeds received in a dividend reinvestment plan; or (ii) part of an automatic payroll deduction plan whereby an Employee purchases securities issued by an employer.

 

E.

Rights. Any acquisition of Securities through the exercise of rights issued by an issuer pro rata to all holders of a class of its Securities, to the extent the rights were acquired in the issue, and the sale of such rights so acquired.

 

F.

Non-Russell Index Based ETFs. Generally, purchases and sales of ETFs based on non-Russell Indices do not require pre-approval but continue to be reportable to the CCO. Purchases and sales of ETFs that are based on Russell Indices must continue to be pre-approved along with any ETF that a portfolio manager may be authorized to trade or determine to trade in a Client account.

 

G.

Closed-End Funds. Purchases and sales of Closed-End Funds other than Reportable Funds do not require pre-approval but continue to be reportable to the CCO.

 

H.

Other Transactions Exempted by the CCO. Other Securities transactions that the CCO has approved, in writing and in advance. Requests for approval must be in writing and include the requestor’s rationale for requesting the exemption.

Reporting Requirements

 

A.

Initial Holdings Reporting Requirements. No later than ten (10) calendar days after a person becomes an Access Person, such person shall submit to the CCO a complete list of each Reportable Security in which such person has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership through the firm’s Employee Level Filing compliance software (“ELF”).

 

     

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Current Information Required – The information included in the Initial Holdings Report must be current as of a date no more than forty-five (45) calendar days prior to the date the person becomes an Access Person, and must include all Reportable Securities and Securities accounts as of the day the person became an Access Person.

Deadline – Ten (10) calendar days after becoming an Access Person.

Reports Must be Filed Even if No Reportable Securities are Held – Access Persons must submit an Initial Holdings Report even if the Access Person does not hold reportable securities.

 

B.

Quarterly Transaction and Account Reporting Requirements. On a quarterly basis, Access Persons are required to report their personal transactions in Reportable Securities through the firm’s Employee Level Filing compliance software (“ELF”).

Deadline – Quarterly Transactions Reports must be submitted no later than thirty (30) calendar days after the end of each calendar quarter.

Pre-Cleared/Approved Transactions Still Required to be Reported – Access Persons are required to report all transactions in Reportable Securities, even if the Access Person received prior written clearance or approval for the transaction.

Be aware that certain transactions will not be included on transaction confirmations or account statements (e.g., privately placed securities) and therefore must be submitted separately through the firm’s Employee Level Filing compliance software (“ELF”).

Exceptions – Access Persons are not required to report regularly-scheduled transactions effected pursuant to an automatic investment plan (i.e., a program in which regular periodic purchases (or withdrawals) are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation; such as a dividend reinvestment plan). Access Persons are not required to include on the Quarterly Transactions Report Reportable Securities transactions held in accounts over which the Access Person has no direct or indirect influence or control such as a Discretionary managed Account or Blind Trust – provided that the CCO has received and approved the Discretionary Managed Account or Blind Trust. The CCO may request duplicate statements for these accounts on a periodic basis.

Reports Must be Filed Even if No Transactions – Access Persons must submit a Quarterly Transactions Report for each quarter through the firm’s Employee Level Filing compliance software (“ELF”), even if the Access Person did not engage in any Reportable Securities transactions during the quarter.

 

C.

Annual Holdings Reporting Requirements. Within forty-five (45) calendar days after the end of every calendar year, each Access Person must report all personal holdings in Reportable Securities as of the end of such calendar year to the CCO through the firm’s Employee Level Filing compliance software (“ELF”).

 

     

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Deadline – Annual Holdings Reports must be submitted within forty-five (45) calendar days after the end of every calendar year.

Current Information – Annual Holdings Reports must include information as of December 31.

Reports Must be Filed Even if No Reportable Securities are Held – Access Persons must submit an Annual Holdings Report even if the Access Person does not hold reportable securities.

 

D.

Submission of Duplicate Transaction Confirmations and Securities Account Statements. In order to monitor compliance with this Code, the Adviser requests all Access Persons to connect their brokerage accounts electronically through the firm’s Employee Level Filing compliance software (“ELF”).

Access Persons shall promptly notify the CCO of any new account opened with a broker-dealer, including Discretionary Managed Accounts and Blind Trusts. Access Persons must provide the CCO with sufficient information so that the CCO can arrange for the electronic feed of information from the Access Person’s accounts.

 

E.

Discretionary Managed Account and Blind Trust Certification. Annually, the CCO will obtain certifications from Access Persons regarding the Access Person’s influence or control over Discretionary Managed Accounts and/or Blind Trusts. Additionally, the CCO will periodically request statements for the accounts and may request a certification from the Access Person’s third party investment adviser and/or Trustee regarding the Access Person’s influence or control over the Discretionary Managed Account and/or Blind Trust.

Confidentiality of Client Information

Supervised Persons are prohibited from revealing information relating to the investment intentions, activities or portfolios of Clients except to persons whose responsibilities require knowledge of the information. Supervised Persons shall maintain all information relating to Client securities holdings and transactions in a confidential and secure manner which prevents access to such material nonpublic information by individuals who do not need the information to perform their duties. Please refer to the Adviser’s privacy policy for more information.

NOTE: Mutual fund Clients have their own policies and procedures regarding the confidentiality and disclosure of portfolio holdings and similar information.

Administration and Enforcement of the Code

A.

Transaction Review/Procedures. The CCO shall review or arrange for the review of all reports submitted hereunder. The purpose of the review shall be to determine whether any violation of the Code or applicable law may have occurred. Sources of information available for such reviews include Clients’ completed and contemplated portfolio transactions. The CCO also shall establish written internal operating procedures regarding the administration of this Code, as necessary or appropriate.

 

     

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B.

Consultations and Interpretations. The CCO may consult with the Adviser’s Code of Ethics Review Committee (the “Committee”), normally comprised of the CCO, the CEO and the COO, regarding any matter arising under this Code, and may refer any determination or decision arising under this Code to the Committee as necessary or appropriate. Further, the Board or the CCO may adopt such interpretations of this Code as it deems necessary or appropriate and as consistent with applicable law.

 

C.

Waivers and Exceptions. The CCO, the Committee or the Board may grant waivers from and exceptions to any provision of this Code, provided that any such waiver or exception is consistent with applicable law and the Adviser’s fiduciary duties and appropriately documented in the Adviser’s books and records.

 

D.

Responsibility for Reviewing Suspected Code Violations – If the CEO or COO receives a report of a suspected Code violation, the CEO or COO will promptly report the same to the CCO. Upon receipt of such a report, or if the CCO otherwise suspects that a violation of this Code may have occurred, the CCO will review and investigate the matter, and will determine whether a violation of the Code has in fact occurred (and, if so, will determine whether to recommend to the Committee the imposition of sanctions and/or whether to address the matter through other means, such as additional training/education). As necessary or appropriate, the CCO may refer any matter to the Committee or otherwise seek guidance from the Committee. Before the CCO (or the Committee, if applicable) determines whether a violation of the Code has occurred, the CCO (or the Committee, as applicable) shall provide the person(s) involved in the matter an opportunity to submit information regarding the matter. Such information may be oral or written, at the CCO’s (or the Committee’s) discretion.

Committee Membership, Voting and Quorum -- The Committee shall consist of the CEO, COO and CCO. The Committee shall vote by majority vote with two members serving as a quorum. Vacancies may be filled and, in the case of extended absences or periods of unavailability, alternates may be selected, by a majority vote of the remaining members of the Committee. Determining Sanctions -- The Committee is responsible for determining the sanctions that should be imposed in response to a violation. Accordingly, if the CCO has determined that a Supervised Person has violated the Code and has determined to refer the matter to the Committee for the disposition of sanctions, the Committee may impose sanctions and take other actions as it deems necessary or appropriate, including issuing a letter of caution or warning, suspending personal trading rights, suspending employment (with or without compensation), imposing fines, terminating employment, and/or requiring reversal of the transaction(s) in question, disgorgement of profits, forfeiture of profits to a charity, and/or absorption of any loss derived therefrom.

NOTE: Supervised Persons should be aware that any personal securities transaction may be subject to sanctions under this Code as appropriate (e.g., disgorgement of profits, reversal of transactions), even those transactions that were pre-cleared or pre-approved.

 

     

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Limits on Committee Member Involvement — No Committee member shall participate in a determination of whether he or she has committed a violation of this Code or in determining the imposition of any sanction against the member. If an action of a Committee member is under consideration, an independent party appointed by the Adviser’s Board shall act in all respects for such Committee member in that regard.

 

E.

Annual Reports to Board(s). At least annually, the CCO must furnish to the Board a report that:

  1.

describes any issues arising under the Code since the last report to the Board, including, but not limited to, information about material violations of the Code or procedures and sanctions imposed as a result; and

  2.

certifies whether the CCO believes that the Adviser has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent violations of this Code.

The CCO shall also furnish such an annual report and certification (both in writing) to the board of directors/trustees of any Fund (either directly or to the Fund’s chief compliance officer) for which the Adviser serves as investment adviser or sub-adviser (“Fund Boards”). Under 1940 Act Rule 17j-1, Fund Boards are required to consider these annual reports (see below).

 

F.

Summary of Responsibilities of Fund Boards Under 1940 Act Rule 17j-1 (for informational purposes only). Fund Boards are required to approve this Code, and any material changes to it. Fund Boards must approve the Code before initially retaining the services of the Adviser and must approve a material change to the Code no later than six months after adoption of the change. The Fund Board must base its approval on a determination that the Code contains provisions reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from engaging in any conduct prohibited by the anti-fraud provisions in 1940 Act Rule 17j-1. Before approving the Code, the Fund Board must receive a certification from the Adviser that it has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent the Adviser’s Access Persons from violating the Code.

Recordkeeping

A.

Record Maintenance. Adviser shall maintain records in the manner and to the extent set forth below, which must be available for appropriate examination by representatives of the SEC.

  1.

Copy of Code — A copy of this Code and any other Code of Ethics which is, or at any time within the past five years has been, in effect shall be preserved in an easily accessible place, the first two years in an appropriate office of the Adviser;

 

  2.

Violations and Sanctions — A record of any violation of this Code and of any action taken as a result of such violation shall be preserved in an easily accessible place for a period of not less than five years following the end of the fiscal year in which the violation occurs (the first two years in any appropriate office of the Adviser);

 

  3.

Written Acknowledgements — A record of all written acknowledgements submitted pursuant to this Code from each person who is currently, or within the past five years was, a Supervised Person;

 

     

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  4.

Reports Submitted — A copy of each report made by an Access Person pursuant to this Code (including any brokerage confirmations or account statements submitted in lieu of, or attached to, reports) shall be preserved in an easily accessible place for a period of not less than five years from the end of the fiscal year in which it is made (the first two years in an appropriate office of the Adviser);

 

  5.

Access Persons and Reviewers — A record of the names of persons who are currently, or within the past five years were, Access Persons (or who are required or were otherwise required to file reports under this Code), or who are or were responsible during that time for reviewing reports submitted under this Code, shall be maintained in an easily accessible place;

 

  6.

Approvals of Initial Public and Limited Offerings — A record of any decision (and the reasons supporting the decision) to approve the acquisition of Securities in an Initial Public Offering or Limited Offering shall be maintained for a period of not less than five years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted; and

 

  7.

Reports to Fund Boards — A copy of each annual report to a Fund Board (and the accompanying certification) shall be maintained for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which it was made, the first two years in an easily accessible place.

Confidentiality of Reports Filed by Access Persons. The Adviser shall endeavor to treat all reports filed by Access Persons pursuant to this Code as confidential, except with regard to appropriate examinations by representatives of the SEC, other regulators and as required by applicable law or judicial authority.

Form ADV Disclosure; Distribution of Code

KCM shall include a description of this Code in its Form ADV Part 2A and, upon request, will furnish Clients with a copy of the Code.

Amendments

The Board along with the CCO may amend this Code from time to time. The CCO shall distribute all Code amendments to Supervised Persons and obtain acknowledgements of receipt from such persons through the firm’s Employee Level Filing compliance software (“ELF”). The CCO also shall provide material Code amendments to Fund Boards (or the Fund’s chief compliance officer) with the certification required by 1940 Act Rule 17j-1 (see the Administration and Enforcement of the Code section Item F. above).

Outside Directors

KCM has determined that a director who is not employed by KCM (an “Outside Director”) will not normally meet the definition of access person. KCM has made this determination as Outside Directors do not perform the following tasks in the normal course of their duties.

 

     

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They neither make or participate in making any investment recommendations nor have any access to recommendations that are non-public, and

 

   

They neither have access to non-public information regarding any Clients’ securities transactions nor portfolio holdings.

“Non-public” in this context refers to recommendations or information regarding Client transactions that have not yet been acted upon (or were acted upon within the most recent 15 calendar days), where the transactions have not yet had an impact on the securities markets and the information has not yet been reported to Clients.

The Adviser has structured its operations so that under normal circumstances no Outside Director will be provided with or have access to the types of non-public information described above or under the Access Person definition. If, however, the Outside Directors need to obtain such information in order to adequately perform their duties, the CCO may permit the Outside Directors to obtain the information, provided that the Adviser’s Audit Committee authorizes this in writing (this authorization must be appropriately documented in the minutes of the relevant Audit Committee meeting).

Should an Outside Director receive such non-public information, either by design or inadvertently, the Outside Director will immediately be deemed an access person of KCM and will be subject to all Code of Ethics and Personal Trading Policy requirements. Further, the Outside Director must immediately notify the CCO if such non-public information is received, whether by design or inadvertently.

It is the responsibility of either the CCO or COO to review all written Board of Directors (“the Board”) materials for such non-public information prior to a meeting of the Board. Such review will be evidenced by the reviewer’s name and date of review. The materials and evidence of review will be maintained.

KCM will ensure that either the COO or a representative from Compliance will attend all meetings of the Board to verify that discussions or materials do not contain such non-public information. It is the responsibility of the COO or Compliance representative to stop the dissemination of such non-public information to any Outside Director during a meeting of the Board before it is disclosed. Any such “stop” will be recorded in the minutes. It will be the responsibility of the COO or Compliance representative to enter a statement into the minutes at the start of the Board meeting that non-public information may not be discussed, disseminated or reviewed with Outside Directors.

Based on an evaluation of the circumstances, the CCO may determine that the Outside Director no longer meets the definition of access person and may remove the Outside Director from access person status. The reasons for any such determination by the CCO to remove an Outside Director from access person status must be documented. The Outside Director will remain an access person of KCM until such time as a written notification regarding the removal of the Outside Director from access person status has been provided to the Outside Director. Documentation of the facts leading

 

     

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to the removal of the Outside Director from access person status and any written notification will be retained by the CCO.

All KCM Employees are prohibited from providing any such non-public information to an Outside Director. Should any Employee disseminate any such information or become aware that any such information has been provided to an Outside Director, the KCM Employee is required to inform the CCO immediately.

Responsibility

The CCO is responsible for the administration of KCM’s Code of Ethics policy.

Record Retention

All records required to be prepared or retained pursuant to Rule 204A-1 are to be maintained and preserved in an easily accessible place as set forth within the Code.

 

     

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