Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block]

The provision (benefit) for income taxes was comprised of the following:


	Year ended
	December 31, 2023		January 1, 2023		January 2, 2022
Current:
Federal	$	273	$	—	$	—
State	439		(37)		(36)
	712		(37)		(36)

Deferred:
Federal	4,383		(16,790)		(12,374)
State	1,489		(5,027)		(4,021)
	5,872		(21,817)		(16,395)
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance	(2,111)		21,065		11,272
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	4,473	$	(789)	$	(5,159)

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]

The components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2023 and January 1, 2023 were as follows:


	December 31, 2023		January 1, 2023
Deferred income tax assets:

Operating lease liabilities	$	208,884	$	211,000
Federal net operating loss carryforwards	13,054		26,122
Tax credit carryforwards	47,328		43,906
State net operating loss carryforwards	6,241		8,216
Interest expense limitation under section 163 (j)	7,139		8,090
Stock-based compensation expense	2,001		1,467
Accrued vacation benefits	3,329		2,904

Postretirement benefit obligations	671		721
Intangible Assets	—		757
Other deferred income tax assets	10,172		5,981
Gross deferred income tax assets	298,819		309,164
Less: Valuation allowance	(42,713)		(44,263)
Total deferred income tax assets	$	256,106	$	264,901

Deferred income tax liabilities:
Operating right-of-use assets	(192,269)		(195,705)
Property and equipment depreciation	(11,207)		(12,247)
Franchise rights	(61,080)		(61,755)
Intangible Assets	(687)		—
Accumulated other comprehensive income-postretirement benefits	(355)		(386)
Accumulated other comprehensive income-accrued interest rate swap	(1,294)		(2,160)
Other deferred income tax liabilities	(304)		(313)
Total deferred income tax liabilities	(267,196)		(272,566)
Net long-term deferred income tax liabilities	$	(11,090)	$	(7,665)

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block]

A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax provision to the income tax provision (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2023, January 1, 2023, and January 2, 2022 was as follows:


	Year ended
	December 31, 2023		January 1, 2023		January 2, 2022
Statutory federal income tax provision (benefit)	$	7,867	$	(16,036)	$	(10,119)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	1,681		(4,085)		(2,934)
Employment tax credits	(3,173)		(2,817)		(3,274)
Change in valuation allowances	(2,111)		21,065		11,272
Non-deductible expenses	181		597		431
Stock-based compensation	310		684		127
Rate change	—		—		(163)
Other	(282)		(197)		(499)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	4,473	$	(789)	$	(5,159)