Income Taxes

The benefit for income taxes for the three months ended April 1, 2018 and April 2, 2017 was comprised of the following:



	Three Months Ended
	April 1, 2018			April 2, 2017
Current	$	—		$	—
Deferred	(138		)	(611		)
Benefit for income taxes	$	(138	)	$	(611	)

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amount used for income tax purposes.

The benefit for income taxes for the three months ended April 1, 2018 was derived using an estimated effective annual income tax rate for all of 2018 of 0.6%, which excludes any discrete tax adjustments and is below the statutory rate due to the effect of fixed employment tax credits on taxable income. The benefits of federal employment credits are not directly related to the amount of pre-tax income (loss) recorded in a period. Accordingly, in periods where recorded pre-tax income (loss) is relatively small, the proportional effect of these items on the effective tax rate may be significant. The income tax benefit for the three months ended April 1, 2018 contains net discrete tax adjustments of$0.1 million of tax expense.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act") was signed into law. The Act reduces the corporate tax rate to 21% from 35% while retaining the employment tax credits the Company is eligible for. In addition, the Act provides for one hundred percent expensing of certain qualified property placed in service after September 27, 2017.

The benefit for income taxes for the three months ended April 2, 2017 was derived using an estimated effective annual income tax rate for all of 2017 of 19.0%, which excludes any discrete tax adjustments. The income tax benefit for the three months ended April 2, 2017 contains net discrete tax adjustments of $0.6 million of tax expense.

As of April 1, 2018, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $84.4 million which expire beginning in 2033. The Company's state net operating loss carryforwards expire beginning in 2018 through 2036.

The Company's policy is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. At April 1, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had no unrecognized tax benefits and no accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions. The tax years 2013 - 2017 remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject. Although it is not reasonably possible to estimate the amount by which unrecognized tax benefits may increase within the next twelve months due to the uncertainties regarding the timing of examinations, the Company does not expect unrecognized tax benefits to significantly change in the next twelve months.