Acquisitions

2017 Acquisitions

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company acquired a total of 64 restaurants from other franchisees, which are referred to as the "2017 acquired restaurants", in the following transactions:



Closing Date		Number of Restaurants	Purchase Price		Market Location
February 28, 2017		43	$	20,366	Cincinnati, Ohio
June 5, 2017	(1)	17	16,355		Baltimore, Maryland and Washington, DC
November 28, 2017		4	1,202		Maine
		64	$	37,923

(1) Acquisition resulting from the exercise of the ROFR.

The Company allocated the aggregate purchase price to the net tangible and intangible assets acquired in the acquisitions at their estimated fair values. The following table summarizes the final allocation of the aggregate purchase price for the three 2017 acquisitions:



Trade and other receivables	$	486
Inventory	616
Prepaid expenses	192
Other assets	52
Restaurant equipment	3,290
Restaurant equipment - subject to capital lease	264
Leasehold improvements	2,496
Franchise fees	1,315
Franchise rights (Note 4)	24,691
Favorable leases (Note 4)	1,100
Deferred taxes	(4,357		)
Goodwill (Note 4)	13,923
Capital lease obligations for restaurant equipment	(316		)
Unfavorable leases (Note 4)	(2,997		)
Accounts payable	(880		)
Accrued payroll, related taxes and benefits	(270		)
Other liabilities	(1,682		)
Net assets acquired	$	37,923

The results of operations for the restaurants acquired are included from the closing date of the respective acquisition. The 2017 acquired restaurants contributed restaurant sales of $64.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2017. It is impracticable to disclose net earnings for the post-acquisition periods as net earnings of these restaurants were not tracked on a collective basis due to the integration of administrative functions, including field supervision. During the year ended December 31, 2017, acquisition costs of approximately $1.8 million related to the 2017 acquisitions were recorded in general and administrative expense.

The pro forma impact on the results of operations for restaurants acquired in 2017 and 2016 is included below. The pro forma results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have occurred had the restaurants acquired in 2017 and 2016 been consummated at the beginning of the periods presented, nor are they necessarily indicative of any future consolidated operating results. The following table summarizes the Company's unaudited proforma operating results:



	Year Ended
	December 31, 2017		January 1, 2017
Restaurant sales	$	1,114,642	$	1,071,437
Net income	$	9,546	$	52,730	(1)
Basic and diluted net income per share	$	0.21	$	1.18

(1) Includes a tax benefit of $30.4 million for the reversal of the Company's valuation allowance on its net deferred income tax assets (see Note 10).

This pro forma financial information does not give effect to any anticipated synergies, operating efficiencies or cost savings or any integration costs related to the 2017 acquired restaurants.

2016 Acquisitions

During the year ended January 1, 2017, the Company acquired a total of 56 restaurants from other franchisees, which are referred to as the "2016 acquired restaurants", in the following transactions:



Closing Date		Number of Restaurants	Purchase Price		Number of Fee-Owned Restaurants (1)	Market Location
February 23, 2016	(2)	12	$	7,127		Scranton/Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
May 25, 2016		6	12,080		5	Detroit, Michigan
July 14, 2016	(2)	4	5,445		3	Detroit, Michigan
August 23, 2016		7	8,755		6	Portland, Maine
October 4, 2016		3	1,623			Raleigh, North Carolina
November 15, 2016		17	7,251			Pittsburgh and Johnstown, Pennsylvania
December 1, 2016		7	5,807		1	Columbus, Ohio
		56	$	48,088	15


(1)	The 2016 acquisitions included the purchase of 15 fee-owned properties of which fourteen were sold in sale-leaseback transactions during 2016 for net proceeds of $19.1 million.


(2)	Acquisitions resulting from the exercise of the ROFR.



Inventory	$	558
Land and buildings	19,387
Restaurant equipment	1,599
Restaurant equipment - subject to capital lease	435
Leasehold improvements	2,464
Franchise fees	1,121
Franchise rights	21,202
Favorable leases	390
Deferred taxes	216
Goodwill	2,431
Capital lease obligations for restaurant equipment	(492		)
Unfavorable leases	(1,152		)
Other liabilities	(71		)
Net assets acquired	$	48,088

The results of operations for the restaurants acquired are included from the closing date of the respective acquisition. The 2016 acquired restaurants contributed restaurant sales of $70.8 million and $28.6 million during the years ended December 31, 2017 and January 1, 2017, respectively. It is impracticable to disclose net earnings for the post-acquisition periods as net earnings of these restaurants were not tracked on a collective basis due to the integration of administrative functions, including field supervision. During the year ended January 1, 2017, acquisition costs of approximately $1.6 million related to the 2016 acquisitions were recorded in general and administrative expense.

The pro forma impact on the results of operations for restaurants acquired in 2016 and 2015 is included below. The pro forma results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have occurred had the restaurants acquired in 2016 and 2015 been consummated at the beginning of the periods presented, nor are they necessarily indicative of any future consolidated operating results. The following table summarizes the Company's unaudited proforma operating results:



	Year Ended
	(52 weeks)			(53 weeks)
	January 1, 2017			January 3, 2016
Restaurant sales	$	984,164		$	986,935
Net income	$	48,264	(1)	$	12,078
Basic and diluted net income per share	$	1.07		$	0.27

(1) Includes a tax benefit of $30.4 million for the reversal of the Company's valuation allowance on its net deferred income tax assets (see Note 10).

This pro forma financial information does not give effect to any anticipated synergies, operating efficiencies or cost savings or any integration costs related to the 2016 acquired restaurants.

2015 Acquisitions

During the year ended January 3, 2016, the Company acquired an aggregate of 55 restaurants from other franchisees, which are referred to as the "2015 acquired restaurants", in the following transactions:



Closing Date		Number of Restaurants	Purchase Price		Number of Fee-Owned Restaurants (1)	Market Location
March 31, 2015		4	$	794		Northern Vermont
August 4, 2015	(2)	5	663			Charlotte, North Carolina
October 1, 2015	(2)	5	5,044		1	Wheeling, West Virginia
October 20, 2015		1	709			Kalamazoo, Michigan
November 17, 2015		2	618			Evansville, Indiana
November 17, 2015		6	10,945		5	Evansville, Indiana
December 1, 2015	(2)	23	26,175		10	Detroit, Michigan
December 8, 2015		9	7,802			Northern New Jersey
		55	$	52,750	16


(1)	The 2015 acquisitions included the purchase of 16 fee-owned properties. Three of these fee-owned properties were sold in sale-leaseback transactions during the fourth quarter of 2015 for net proceeds of $4.3 million and 12 fee-owned properties were sold in sale-leaseback transactions during 2016 for net proceeds of $17.7 million.


(2)	Acquisitions resulting from the exercise of the ROFR.



Inventory	$	544
Land and buildings	22,614
Restaurant equipment	2,844
Restaurant equipment - subject to capital lease	443
Leasehold improvements	1,770
Franchise fees	1,000
Franchise rights	20,666
Favorable leases	1,475
Goodwill	2,645
Capital lease obligations for restaurant equipment	(494		)
Unfavorable leases	(324		)
Other liabilities	(433		)
Net assets acquired	$	52,750

The results of operations for the restaurants acquired are included from the closing date of the respective acquisition. The 2015 acquired restaurants contributed restaurant sales of $70.4 million and $12.9 million during the years ended January 1, 2017 and January 3, 2016, respectively. It is impracticable to disclose net earnings for the post-acquisition periods as net earnings of these restaurants were not tracked on a collective basis due to the integration of administrative functions, including field supervision. During the year ended January 3, 2016, acquisition costs of approximately $0.2 million related to the 2015 acquisitions were recorded in general and administrative expense.

The pro forma impact on the results of operations for restaurants acquired in 2015 is included below. The pro forma results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have occurred had the acquisitions in 2015 been consummated at the beginning of the periods presented, nor are they necessarily indicative of any future consolidated operating results. The following table summarizes the Company's unaudited proforma operating results:



	Year Ended
	(53 weeks)
	January 3, 2016
Restaurant sales	$	918,456
Net income	$	6,447
Basic and diluted net income per share	$	0.14

This pro forma financial information does not give effect to any anticipated synergies, operating efficiencies or cost savings or any transaction costs related to the 2015 acquired restaurants.

Acquired Intangible Assets

Goodwill recorded in connection with these acquisitions represents costs in excess of fair values assigned to the underlying net assets of acquired restaurants. Acquired goodwill that is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes was $6,668 in 2017, $1,803 in 2016 and $3,311 in 2015.

The weighted average amortization period of the intangible assets acquired is as follows:



	2017 Acquisitions	2016 Acquisitions	2015 Acquisitions
Favorable leases	15.2	15.4	15.5
Unfavorable leases	14.3	12.0	6.5
Franchise rights	27.9	28.0	26.6