Goodwill and Intangible Assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill

During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, there were no changes to the carrying amount of goodwill. No accumulated goodwill impairment losses exist.

Intangible Assets

The following table is a summary of the net carrying amount of other intangible assets:



(millions)	September 30, 2019		September 30, 2018		December 31, 2018
Intangible assets subject to amortization	$	230.5	$	300.2	$	282.2
Indefinite-lived intangible assets¹	12.4		12.4		12.4
Total	$	242.9	$	312.6	$	294.6

¹Indefinite-lived intangible assets are comprised of state insurance and agent licenses. State insurance licenses were previously subject to amortization under superseded accounting guidance and have $0.6 million of accumulated amortization for all periods presented.

Intangible assets subject to amortization consisted of the following:



(millions)	September 30, 2019						September 30, 2018						December 31, 2018
Category	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Policies in force	$	256.2	$	164.7	$	91.5	$	256.2	$	128.1	$	128.1	$	256.2	$	137.3	$	118.9
Agency relationships	159.2		51.2		108.0		159.2		39.8		119.4		159.2		42.6		116.6
Software rights	79.1		48.1		31.0		79.1		37.4		41.7		79.1		40.1		39.0
Trade name	34.8		34.8		0		34.8		23.8		11.0		34.8		27.1		7.7
Total	$	529.3	$	298.8	$	230.5	$	529.3	$	229.1	$	300.2	$	529.3	$	247.1	$	282.2

Amortization expense was $15.8 million and $51.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively, compared to $18.0 million and $54.0 million during the same periods last year. As of September 30, 2019, the average life of the remaining intangible assets was 4.0 years. During the third quarter 2019, our trade name intangible asset was fully amortized.