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NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
9 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2019
Notes  
NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Sunwin and all our wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") for interim financial reporting. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods presented are unaudited and reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and operating results for the periods presented. Certain financial statement amounts relating to prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and footnotes for the year ended April 30, 2019 included in our Form 10-K as filed with the SEC. The results of operations and cash flows for the nine months ended January 31, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations or cash flows which may be reported for future periods or the full fiscal year.

 

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of April 30, 2019 contained herein has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of April 30, 2019, but do not include all disclosures required by the U.S. GAAP.

 

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Sunwin and all our wholly-owned subsidiaries included in continuing operations and discontinued operations. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Qufu Shengwang is the subsidiary of discontinued operations and our subsidiaries for continuing operations include the following:

 

-     Qufu Natural Green;

-     Qufu Shengren;

-     Sunwin USA; and

-     Qufu Shengren Import and Export

 

USE OF ESTIMATES

 

The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts, the allowance for obsolete inventory, the useful life of property and equipment and intangible assets, assumptions used in assessing impairment of long-term assets and valuation of deferred tax assets, and the value of stock-based compensation.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

 

We consider all highly liquid investments with maturities of nine months or less at the time of purchase to be cash and equivalents. As of January 31, 2020, we held $72,958 of our cash and cash equivalents with commercial banking institutions in the PRC, and $83,551 with banks in the United States. As of April 30, 2019, we held $205,693 of our cash and cash equivalents with commercial banking institution in PRC, and $88,506 in the United States. In China, there is no equivalent federal deposit insurance as in the United States, so the amounts held in banks in China are not insured. We have not experienced any losses in such bank accounts through January 31, 2020.

 

 

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

 

Accounts receivable and other receivable are reported at net realizable value. We have established an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors pertaining to the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends, and other information. Delinquent accounts are written off when it is determined that the amounts are uncollectible after exhaustive efforts on collection. As of January 31, 2020 and April 30, 2019, the allowance for doubtful accounts was $75,874 and $78,159, respectively.

 

INVENTORIES

 

Inventories, consisting of raw materials, work in process, and finished goods related to our products, are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value that can be estimated utilizing the weighted average method. A reserve is established when management determines that certain slow-moving inventories may be sold at below book value.  These reserves are recorded based on estimates. If inventory costs exceed expected market value due to obsolescence or quantities in excess of expected demand, the Company will record reserves for the difference between the cost or estimated net realizable value. As of January 31, 2020 and April 30, 2019, the Company did not record a reserve for obsolete or slow-moving inventories.  If inventory costs exceed expected market value due to obsolescence or quantities in excess of expected demand, the Company will record a write down of inventories for the difference between the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value. As of January 31, 2020 and April 30, 2019, the Company wrote down inventories in the amount of $93,640 and $999,548, respectively.

 

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight line method over the estimated economic lives of the assets, which range from three to twenty years. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. In accordance with paragraph 360-10-35-17 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), we examine the possibility of decreases in the value of fixed assets when events or changes in circumstances reflect the fact that their recorded value may not be recoverable.

 

Included in property and equipment is construction-in-progress which consisted of factory improvements and machinery pending installation and included the costs of construction, machinery and equipment, and or any interest charges arising from borrowings used to finance these assets during the period of construction or installation of the assets if applicable. No provision for depreciation is made on construction-in-progress until such time as the relevant assets are completed and ready for their intended use.

 

 

LONG-LIVED ASSETS

 

In accordance with ASC 360, we review and evaluate our long-lived assets, including property and equipment, intangible assets, and land use rights, for impairment or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. An impairment is considered to exist if the total estimated future cash flows on an undiscounted basis are less than the carrying amount of the assets, including goodwill, if any. An impairment loss is measured and recorded based on discounted estimated future cash flows. In estimating future cash flows, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which there is identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of future cash flows from other asset groups. Our estimates of future cash flows are based on numerous assumptions and it is possible that actual future cash flows will be significantly different than the estimates. Based on our evaluation, we have determined certain long-lived assets that are no longer useful for our operations, and we recorded a loss on disposition of property and equipment of $49,476 and $0 at January 31, 2020 and April 30, 2019, respectively.

 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

 

We adopted ASC Section 820-10-35-37 to measure the fair value of our financial instruments. ASC Section 820-10-35-37 establishes a common definition for fair value to be applied to existing generally accepted accounting principles that require the use of fair value measurements, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosure about such fair value measurements. The adoption of ASC Section 820-10-35-37 did not have an impact on our financial position or operating results, but did expand certain disclosures.

 

ASC Section 820-10-35-37 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Additionally, ASC Section 820-10-35-37 requires the use of valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. These inputs are prioritized below:

 

Level 1:

  Observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2:

  Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data

Level 3:

  Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the use of the reporting      entity's own assumptions.

 

The carrying amounts of our financial assets and liabilities, such as cash, accounts receivable, notes receivable, prepayments and other current assets, accounts payable, taxes payable and accrued expenses, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments.  

 

 

TAXES PAYABLE

 

We are required to charge for and to collect value added taxes (VAT) on our sales on behalf of the PRC tax authority. We record VAT that we billed our customers as VAT payable. In addition, we are required to pay value added taxes on our primary purchases. We record VAT that is charged by our vendors as VAT receivable. We are required to file VAT return on a monthly basis with the PRC tax authority, in which we are entitled to claim the VAT that we charged by vendors as VAT credit and these credits can be applied to our VAT payable that we billed our customers. Accordingly, these VAT payable and receivable are presented as net amounts for financial statement purposes. Taxes payable as of January 31, 2020 and April 30, 2019 amounted to $170,216 and $125,854, respectively, and consisted primarily of VAT taxes.

 

 

REVENUE RECOGNITION

 

Pursuant to the guidance of ASC 606, we record revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, product delivery has occurred, the sales price to the customer is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. 

 

In accordance with ASC 606, we recognize revenues from the sale of stevia and other productions upon shipment and transfer of title based on the trade terms. All product sales with customer specific acceptance provisions are recognized upon customer acceptance and the delivery of the products. We report revenues net of applicable sales taxes and related surcharges. 

 

The Company is also a lessor, which is an entity that is lease underlying asset to the third party, The Company’s lease revenue is recognized under ASC Topic 842, Leases, (“ASC 842”), which was adopted on January 1, 2019. In general, the Company commences rental revenue recognition when the tenant takes possession of the leased space and the leased space is substantially ready for its intended use. The Company’s lease has been accounted for as operating lease. Rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the lease of five years. Actual amounts billed in accordance with the lease during any given period may have been higher or lower than the amount of rental revenue recognized for the period. The difference by which straight-line rental revenue exceeded rents billed in accordance with lease agreements is recorded as “accounts receivable”. The difference by which rents billed in accordance with lease agreements exceeded straight-line rental revenue is recorded as “advances from customer”. The Company does not offset lease income and lease expense.

 

GRANT INCOME

 

Grants received from PRC government agencies are recognized as deferred grant income and recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as and when they are earned for the specific research and development projects for which these grants are designated for.

 

 

INCOME TAXES

 

The Company has adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 740-10, Income Taxes ("ASC 740-10") which requires the recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statement or tax returns.  Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference between financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.  Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce the deferred tax assets to an amount that it is more likely than not be realized.

We file federal and state income tax returns in the United States for our corporate operations pursuant to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and file separate foreign tax returns for our Chinese subsidiaries pursuant to the China's Unified Corporate Income Tax Law.

 

We apply the provisions of ASC 740-10-50, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes", which provides clarification related to the process associated with accounting for uncertain tax positions recognized in our consolidated financial statements. Audit periods remain open for review until the statute of limitations has passed. The completion of review or the expiration of the statute of limitations for a given audit period could result in an adjustment to the Company's liability for income taxes. Any such adjustment could be material to the Company's results of operations for any given quarterly or annual period based, in part, upon the results of operations for the given period. As of January 31, 2020, the Company had no uncertain tax positions, and will continue to evaluate for uncertain positions in the future.

 

 

 

BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE

 

Pursuant to ASC Section 260-10-45, basic loss per common share is computed by dividing loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the periods presented. Diluted loss per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that would then share in the income of ours, subject to anti-dilution limitations. The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted net income per common share:

 

Three Months Ended

January 31,

Nine Months Ended

January 31,

   

2020

2019

2020

2019

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to Sunwin Stevia International, Inc.

$      (1,181,872)

$      (1,018,730)

  $     (1,373,216)

$      (3,314,410)

   Net loss from continuing operations

$      (1,181,872)

$      (1,012,851)

  $     (1,119,785)

$      (3,191,724)

   Net loss from discontinued operation

                          0 

                 (5,879)

             (253,431)

             (122,686)

Denominator:

Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted average number of common shares outstanding

      199,632,803 

       199,632,803 

       199,632,803 

       199,632,803 

Stock awards, options, and warrants

                          0 

                           0 

                           0 

                           0 

Denominator for diluted earnings per share - adjusted weighted average outstanding average number of common shares outstanding

      199,632,803 

       199,632,803 

       199,632,803 

       199,632,803 

Basic and diluted loss per common share:

Net loss from continuing operations - basic and diluted

$                (0.01)

$                (0.01)

  $                (0.01)

$                (0.02)

Net loss from discontinued operations - basic and diluted

                    0.00 

                    (0.00)

                    (0.00)

                    (0.00)

Net loss per common share - basic and diluted

$                (0.01)

$                (0.01)

  $                (0.01)

$                (0.02)

 

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION

 

Transactions and balances originally denominated in U.S. dollars are presented at their original amounts. Transactions and balances in other currencies are converted into U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC Section 830-20-35 and are included in determining net income or loss.

 

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the parent company is the U.S. dollar and the functional currency of the Company's operating subsidiaries is the Chinese Renminbi ("RMB").  In accordance with ASC 830-20-35, the consolidated financial statements were translated into United States dollars using balance sheet date rates of exchange for assets and liabilities, and average rates of exchange for the period for the income statements and cash flows. Equity accounts were stated at their historical rate. Net gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions are included in the consolidated statements of operations.  Translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the local currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in other comprehensive income or loss.

 

RMB is not a fully convertible currency. All foreign exchange transactions involving RMB must take place either through the People's Bank of China (the "PBOC") or other institutions authorized to buy and sell foreign exchange. The exchange rate adopted for the foreign exchange transactions are the rates of exchange quoted by the PBOC, which are determined largely by supply and demand. Translation of amounts from RMB into United States dollars ("$") was made at the following exchange rates for the respective periods:

 

As of January 31, 2020

RMB 6.94 to $1.00

As of April 30, 2019

RMB 6.73 to $1.00

 

 

Nine months ended January 31, 2020

RMB 6.99 to $1.00

Nine months ended January 31, 2019

RMB 6.76 to $1.00

 

 

COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

 

   Comprehensive loss is comprised of net loss and all changes to the statements of stockholders' equity, except those due to investments by stockholders, changes in paid-in capital and distributions to stockholders. For the Company, comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended January 31, 2020 and 2019 included net loss and unrealized gains (losses) from foreign currency translation adjustments. 

 

 

CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK

 

Substantially all of our operations are carried out in the PRC. Accordingly, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environment in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC's economy. Our operations in the PRC are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America. Our results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

 

Financial instruments which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and trade accounts receivable. We place our cash with high credit quality financial institutions in the United States and China. As of January 31, 2020, we had $72,958 of cash balance held in PRC banks, which is not insured. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts through January 31, 2020.

 

Almost all of our sales are credit sales which are primarily to customers whose ability to pay is dependent upon the industry economics prevailing in these areas; however, we believe that the concentration of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is limited due to generally short payment terms. We also perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers to help further reduce potential credit risk.

 

 

STOCK BASED COMPENSATION

 

Stock-based compensation is accounted for based on the requirements of the Share-Based Payment topic of ASC 718 which requires recognition in the financial statements of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments over the period the employee or director is required to perform the services in exchange for the award (presumptively, the vesting period). ASC 718 also requires measurement of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award based on the grant-date fair value of the award.

 

 

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

 

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operations. Research and development costs are incurred on a project specific basis. Research and development costs were $633,668 and $317,876 for the three months ended January 31, 2020 and 2019, and $1,279,620 and $699,533 for the nine months ended January 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

 

 

SHIPPING COSTS

 

Shipping costs are included in selling expenses and totaled $27,547 and $50,579 for the three months ended January 31, 2020 and 2019, and $75,642 and $155,902 for the nine months ended January 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

 

ADVERTISING

 

Advertising is expensed as incurred and is included in selling expenses and totaled $50,500 and $181,336 for the three months ended January 31, 2020 and 2019, $298,750 and $235,309 for the nine months ended January 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

 

RECLASSIFICATIONS

 

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation for amounts related to the discontinue operations (see Note 3). These reclassifications had no impact on net earnings and financial position.

 

 

SEGMENT REPORTING

 

The Company uses the "management approach" in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company's chief operating decision maker for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company's reportable segments. The Company's chief operating decision maker has been identified as the chief executive officer of the Company who reviews financial information of separate operating segments based on U.S. GAAP. The chief operating decision maker now reviews results analyzed by customer. This analysis is only presented at the revenue level with no allocation of direct or indirect costs. Consequently, the Company has determined that it has only one operating segment.

 

 

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

 

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from contracts with Customers (Topic 606)". Under ASU 2014-09, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. This standard, which is effective for interim and annual reporting periods in fiscal years that begin after December 15, 2017. The guidance permits two methods of adoption: retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented (full retrospective method), or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized at the date of initial application (modified retrospective method). The Company adopted this standard effective May 1, 2018 by using the full retrospective method to restate prior reporting period presented. The Company has identified its revenue streams and assessed each for the impacts. The Company completed its analysis and concluded that the adoption of Topic 606 did not have a material impact in the timing or amount of revenue recognized, including the presentation of revenues in the Company's consolidated statements of income and comprehensive loss.

 

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, "Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income". These amendments provide financial statement preparers with an option to reclassify stranded tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (or portion thereof) is recorded. The amendments in this ASU are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of ASU 2018-02 is permitted, including adoption in any interim period for the public business entities for reporting periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The amendments in this ASU should be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized. The Company has adopted this guidance in fiscal 2019.

 

In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05, "Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118". The amendments in this ASU add SEC paragraphs pursuant to the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, which expresses the view of the staff regarding application of Topic 740, Income Taxes, in the reporting period that includes December 22, 2017 - the date on which the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was signed into law. The amendments are effective upon addition to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, "Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)," which removes, modifies and adds various disclosure requirements around the topic in order to clarify and improve the cost-benefit nature of disclosures. For example, disclosures around transfers between fair value hierarchy levels will be removed and further detail around changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period and unobservable inputs determining level 3 fair value measurements will be added. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, "Compensation – Retirement Benefits – Defined Benefit Plans – General (Subtopic 715-20)," which removes, modifies and adds various disclosure requirements around the topic in order to clarify and improve the cost-benefit nature of disclosures. For example, disclosures around the effect of a one-percentage-point change in assumed health care costs will be removed and an explanation of the reasons for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation for the period will be added. This standard is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020, and early adoption is permitted. These amendments must be applied on a retrospective basis for all periods presented. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

A variety of proposed or otherwise potential accounting standards are currently under study by standard setting organizations and various regulatory agencies. Due to the tentative and preliminary nature of those proposed standards, we have not determined whether implementation of such proposed standards would be material to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

GOING CONCERN

 

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern.  The Company has incurred net loss of approximately $1,182,000 and $1,120,000 for the three and nine months ended January 31, 2020 on continued operations and has a significant accumulated deficit of $39.9 million as of January 31, 2020. The Company's cash balance and revenues generated are not currently sufficient and cannot be projected to cover operating expenses for the next twelve months from the date of this report. These factors raise doubt as to the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. Management's plans include attempting to improve its business profitability, its ability to generate sufficient cash flow from its operations to meet its operating needs on a timely basis, obtain additional working capital funds through debt and equity financings, and restructure on-going operations to eliminate inefficiencies to raise cash balance in order to meet its anticipated cash requirements for the next twelve months from the date of this report. Management intends to make every effort to improve its current sales force as to further develop and expand the international markets for its new products as well as continuing with the current sources of funds to meet working capital needs on as needed basis.  There can be no assurance that these plans and arrangements will be successful.

 

The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to achieve profitable operations and raise additional capital. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability or classification of asset-carrying amount or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.