NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION, NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

12 Months Ended

Apr. 30, 2022

Notes

NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION, NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION, NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Sunwin Stevia International, Inc. ("Sunwin Stevia International"), a Nevada corporation, and its subsidiaries are referred to in this report as "we", "us", "our", "Sunwin" or the "Company".

We sell stevioside, a natural sweetener and other pharmaceutical productions, such as Metformin. Substantially all of our operations are located in the People's Republic of China (the "PRC"). We have built an integrated company with the sourcing and production capabilities designed to meet the needs of our customers.

For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, our subsidiaries included in operations consisted of the following:

-    Sunwin Stevia International;

-   Qufu Natural Green Engineering Co., Ltd. ("Qufu Natural Green"), wholly owned by Sunwin Stevia International;

-   Qufu Shengren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. ("Qufu Shengren"), 61.3% owned by Qufu Natural;

-   Sunwin USA, LLC ("Sunwin USA"), wholly owned by Sunwin Stevia International; and

-  Qufu Shengren Import and Export Co., Ltd. (“Qufu Shengren Import and Export”), wholly owned subsidiary of Qufu Shengren.

Qufu Shengren

In fiscal year 2009, Qufu Natural Green acquired Qufu Shengren for $3,097,242. The purchase price was equal to the value of the assets of Qufu Shengren as determined by an independent asset appraisal in accordance with asset appraisal principles in the PRC. Prior to being acquired by us, Qufu Shengren was engaged in the production and distribution of bulk drugs and pharmaceuticals.  Subsequent to the acquisition, Qufu Shengren produces and distributes steviosides with a full range of grades from rebaudioside-A 10 to 99.

Since fiscal 2018 we invested in a new production line for Metformin as one of the new product markets we intend to branch into. Metformin is the raw material of Metformin hydrochloride tablets. Metformin is the first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, particularly in people who are not satisfied with simple diet control, especially those with obesity and hyperinsulinemia. This drug not only has hypoglycemic effect, but also may have the effect of reducing body weight and hyperinsulinemia. It can be effective in patients with poor efficacy of certain sulfonylureas, such as sulfonylureas, intestinal glycosidase inhibitors or thiazolidinedione hypoglycemic agents. It can also be used in patients with insulin therapy to reduce insulin consumption. On July 10, 2019, the Company entered into the Metformin Production Line Operation Management Agreement with an unaffiliated individual to operate the Metformin production line.

Sunwin USA

In fiscal year 2009, we entered into a distribution agreement with WILD Flavors to assist our 55% owned subsidiary, Sunwin USA, in the marketing and worldwide distribution of our stevioside-based sweetener products and issued WILD Flavors a 45% interest in Sunwin USA.  In August 2012, the Company entered into an Exchange Agreement with WILD Flavors pursuant to which it purchased its 45% membership interest in Sunwin USA for an aggregate consideration of approximately $1,625,874, which includes the issuance of 7,666,666 shares of our common stock valued at approximately $1,533,333 and a cash payment of $92,541. The purchase included the product development and supply chain for OnlySweet.

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Sunwin and all our wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") and with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for financial information. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

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USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Significant estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts, the allowance for obsolete inventory, the useful life of property and equipment and intangible assets, assumptions used in assessing impairment of long-term assets and valuation of deferred tax assets.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

Noncontrolling interest on the consolidated balance sheets resulted from the consolidation of Shengren, a 61.3% owned subsidiary starting from April 30, 2020. An individual investor and Shandong Yulong Mining Group Co., Ltd. (“Yulong”) hold 38.4% and 0.3% of the equity interest in Shengren effective at the end of date, April 30, 2020, respectively, pursuant to a series of debt transfer and conversion agreements entered into on April 30, 2020 between seven individual creditors and three suppliers, an individual investor with Yulong and Qufu Shengren. Noncontrolling interest amounted to a deficit of $3,340,248 and $1,639,756 as of April 30, 2022 and 2021.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash includes cash on hand and cash in time deposits, certificates of deposit and all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less.

CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK

Substantially all of our operations are carried out in the PRC. Accordingly, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environment in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC's economy. Our operations in the PRC are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America. Our results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

Financial instruments which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and trade accounts receivable. We place our cash with high credit quality financial institutions in the United States and China. As of April 30, 2022 and 2021, we had $303,160 and $1,403,969 cash held in PRC bank accounts, respectively.  PRC banks protect consumers against loss if their bank or thrift institution fails, and each of our PRC bank account is insured up to RMB500,000 (approximately $76,000), As a result, cash held in PRC financial institutions of $119,250 is not insured. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts through April 30, 2022.

Almost all of our sales are credit sales which are primarily to customers whose ability to pay is dependent upon the industry economics prevailing in these areas; however, we believe that the concentration of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is limited due to generally short payment terms. We also perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers to help further reduce potential credit risk.

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Accounts receivable and other receivable are reported at net realizable value. We have established an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors pertaining to the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends, and other information. Delinquent accounts are written off when it is determined that the amounts are uncollectible after exhaustive efforts on collection. As of April 30, 2022 and 2021, we have no bad debt expense for allowance of doubtful accounts.

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INVENTORIES

Inventories, consisting of raw materials, work in process, and finished goods related to our products, are stated at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value that can be estimated utilizing the weighted moving average method. Adjustments are recorded to write down the carrying amount of any obsolete and excess inventory to its estimated net realizable value. We continually evaluate the recoverability based on assumptions about future customer demand and market conditions. If inventory costs exceed expected market value due to obsolescence or quantities in excess of expected demand, the Company will record a write down of inventories for the difference between the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value. In the fiscal years ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company wrote down inventories of $331,443 and $1,276,893, respectively.

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated economic lives of the assets, which range from two to thirty years. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), 360-10-35-17 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), we examine the possibility of decreases in the value of property and equipment when events or changes in circumstances reflect the fact that their recorded value may not be recoverable.

The residual value rate and useful life of property and equipment are summarized as follows:

Property and Equipment	Residual value rate	Useful life
Office equipment	10% or 5% or 0%	3-15 years
Auto and trucks	10% or 5% or 0%	2-10 Years
Manufacturing equipment	10% or 5% or 0%	2-15 Years
Buildings	10% or 5% or 0%	5-30 Years

Included in property and equipment is construction-in-progress which consisted of factory improvements and machinery pending installation and included the costs of construction, machinery and equipment, and or any interest charges arising from borrowings used to finance these assets during the period of construction or installation of the assets if applicable. No provision for depreciation is made on construction-in-progress until such time as the relevant assets are completed and ready for their intended use.

LONG-LIVED ASSETS

In accordance with ASC 360, we review and evaluate our long-lived assets, including property and equipment, intangible assets, and land use rights, for impairment or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. An impairment is considered to exist if the total estimated future cash flows on an undiscounted basis are less than the carrying amount of the assets, including goodwill, if any. An impairment loss is measured and recorded based on discounted estimated future cash flows. In estimating future cash flows, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which there is identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of future cash flows from other asset groups. Our estimates of future cash flows are based on numerous assumptions and it is possible that actual future cash flows will be significantly different than the estimates. Based on our evaluation, we have determined certain long-lived assets that are no longer useful for our continuing operating and we recorded a loss of sale of disposed equipment. The Company recorded a loss on disposition of equipment of $590,503 and $nil for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We follow the ASC Section 825-10-50-10 for disclosures regarding the fair value of financial instruments and have adopted ASC Section 820-10-35-37 to measure the fair value of our financial instruments. ASC Section 820-10-35-37 establishes a common definition for fair value to be applied to existing generally accepted accounting principles that require the use of fair value measurements, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosure about such fair value measurements. The adoption of ASC Section 820-10-35-37 did not have an impact on our financial position or operating results, but did expand certain disclosures.

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ASC Section 820-10-35-37 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Additionally, ASC Section 820-10-35-37 requires the use of valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. These inputs are prioritized below:

Level 1:	Observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2:	Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data;
Level 3:	Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the use of the reporting entity's own assumptions.

The carrying amounts of our financial assets and liabilities, such as cash, accounts receivable, inventories, prepayments and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and taxes payable, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments.  

TAXES PAYABLE

We are required to charge for and to collect value added taxes (VAT) on our sales on behalf of the PRC tax authority. We record VAT that we billed our customers as VAT payable. In addition, we are required to pay value added taxes on our primary purchases. We record VAT that is charged by our vendors as VAT receivable. We are required to file VAT return on a monthly basis with the PRC tax authority, which we are entitled to claim the VAT that we charged by vendors as VAT credit and these credits can be applied to our VAT payable that we billed our customers.  Accordingly, these VAT payable and receivable are presented as net amounts for financial statement purposes. Taxes payable as of April 30, 2022 and 2021 amounted to $812,545 and $330,738, respectively, consisted of VAT taxes, property taxes, income taxes and other taxes.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

Pursuant to the guidance of ASC 606, we record revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, product delivery has occurred, the sales price to the customer is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. 

In accordance with ASC 606, we recognize revenues from the sale of stevia and other productions upon shipment and transfer of title based on the trade terms. All product sales with customer specific acceptance provisions are recognized upon customer acceptance and the delivery of the products. We report revenues net of applicable sales taxes and related surcharges. The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

• Identify the contract with a customer;

• Identify the performance obligations in the contract;

• Determine the transaction price;

• Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

• Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

The Company is also a lessor, which is an entity that is lease underlying asset to the third party, The Company’s lease revenue is recognized under ASC Topic 842, Leases, (“ASC 842”), which was adopted on May 1, 2019. In general, the Company commences rental revenue recognition when the tenant takes possession of the leased space and the leased space is substantially ready for its intended use. The Company’s lease has been accounted for as operating lease. Rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the lease of five years. Actual amounts billed in accordance with the lease during any given period may have been higher or lower than the amount of rental revenue recognized for the period. The difference by which straight-line rental revenue exceeded rents billed in accordance with lease agreements is recorded as “accounts receivable”. The difference by which rents billed in accordance with lease agreements exceeded straight-line rental revenue is recorded as “advances from customer”. The Company does not offset lease income and lease expense.

INCOME TAXES

The Company has adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 740-10, Income Taxes ("ASC 740-10") which requires the recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statement or tax returns.  Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference between financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.  Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce the deferred tax assets to an amount that it is more likely than not be realized.

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We file federal and state income tax returns in the United States for our corporate operations pursuant to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and file separate foreign tax returns for our Chinese subsidiaries pursuant to China's Unified Corporate Income Tax Law.

We apply the provisions of ASC 740-10-50, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes", which provides clarification related to the process associated with accounting for uncertain tax positions recognized in our consolidated financial statements. Audit periods remain open for review until the statute of limitations has passed. The completion of review or the expiration of the statute of limitations for a given audit period could result in an adjustment to the Company's liability for income taxes. Any such adjustment could be material to the Company's results of operations for any given quarterly or annual period based, in part, upon the results of operations for the given period. As of April 30, 2022, the Company had no uncertain tax positions, and will continue to evaluate for uncertain positions in the future.

BASIC AND DILUTED LOSS PER SHARE

Pursuant to ASC 260-10-45, basic loss per common share is computed by dividing loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the periods presented. Diluted loss per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that would then share in the income of us, subject to anti-dilution limitations. The following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted net income per ordinary share:

	For Fiscal Years Ended April 30,
	2022	2021
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to Sunwin Stevia International, Inc.	$(2,910,189)	$(3,238,814)
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted average number of common shares outstanding	199,632,803	199,632,803
Stock awards, options, and warrants	-	-
Denominator for diluted earnings per share - weighted average number of common shares outstanding	199,632,803	199,632,803
Basic and diluted loss per common share attributable to Sunwin Stevia International, Inc.:
Net loss per common share - basic and diluted	$(0.01)	(0.02)

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION

Transactions and balances originally denominated in U.S. dollars are presented at their original amounts. Transactions and balances in other currencies are converted into U.S. dollars in accordance with ASC Section 830-20-35 and are included in determining net income or loss.

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the parent company is the U.S. dollar and the functional currency of the Company's operating subsidiaries is the Chinese Renminbi ("RMB").  In accordance with ASC 830-20-35, the consolidated financial statements were translated into United States dollars using balance sheet date rates of exchange for assets and liabilities, and average rates of exchange for the period for the statements of operations and cash flows. Equity accounts were stated at their historical rate. Net gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions are included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the local currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in other comprehensive income or loss.

RMB is not a fully convertible currency. All foreign exchange transactions involving RMB must take place either through the People's Bank of China (the "PBOC") or other institutions authorized to buy and sell foreign exchange. The exchange rate adopted for the foreign exchange transactions are the rates of exchange quoted by the PBOC, which are determined largely by supply and demand. Translation of amounts from RMB into United States dollars ("$") was made at the following exchange rates for the respective periods:

As of April 30, 2022	RMB 6.59 to $1.00
As of April 30, 2021	RMB 6.47 to $1.00
Year ended April 30, 2022	RMB 6.41 to $1.00
Year ended April 30, 2021	RMB 6.73 to $1.00

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COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

Comprehensive loss is comprised of net loss and all changes to the statements of stockholders' equity, except those due to investments by stockholders, changes in paid-in capital and distributions to stockholders. For the Company, comprehensive loss for fiscal years ended April 30, 2022 and 2021 included net loss and unrealized gains (losses) from foreign currency translation adjustments. 

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock-based compensation is accounted for based on the requirements of the Share-Based Payment topic of ASC 718 which requires recognition in the financial statements of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments over the period the employee or director is required to perform the services in exchange for the award (presumptively, the vesting period). ASC 718 also requires measurement of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award based on the grant-date fair value of the award.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Research and development costs are incurred on a project specific basis. Research and development costs were $2,763,854 and $1,119,574 for fiscal years ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

SHIPPING COSTS

Shipping costs are included in selling expenses and totaled $95,202 and $79,442 for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

ADVERTISING

Advertising is expensed as incurred and is included in selling expenses and totaled $nil and $51,670 for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

SEGMENT REPORTING

The Company uses the "management approach" in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company's chief operating decision maker for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company's reportable segments. The Company's chief operating decision maker has been identified as the chief executive officer of the Company who reviews financial information of separate operating segments based on U.S. GAAP. The chief operating decision maker now reviews results analyzed by customer. This analysis is only presented at the revenue level with no allocation of direct or indirect costs. Consequently, the Company has determined that it has two operating segments.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This ASU provides an exception to the general methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. This update also (1) requires an entity to recognize a franchise tax (or similar tax) that is partially based on income as an income-based tax and account for any incremental amount incurred as a non-income-based tax, (2) requires an entity to evaluate when a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill should be considered part of the business combination in which goodwill was originally recognized for accounting purposes and when it should be considered a separate transaction, and (3) requires that an entity reflect the effect of an enacted change in tax laws or rates in the annual effective tax rate computation in the interim period that includes the enactment date. The standard is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

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In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019, excluding entities eligible to be smaller reporting company. For all other entities, the requirements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. ASU 2016-13 has been amended by ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, and ASU 2019-11. For entities that have not yet adopted ASU No. 2016-13, the effective dates and transition methodology for ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, and ASU 2019-11 are the same as the effective dates and transition methodology in ASU 2016-13. The Company did not adopt this standard yet due to the status of smaller reporting company. We plan to adopt this standard for the year beginning May 1, 2023. We do not expect the adoption of this standard will have material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

A variety of proposed or otherwise potential accounting standards are currently under study by standard setting organizations and various regulatory agencies. Due to the tentative and preliminary nature of those proposed standards, we have not determined whether implementation of such proposed standards would be material to our consolidated financial statements.

GOING CONCERN

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. The report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our consolidated financial statements for the year ended April 30, 2022 contained a qualification as to our ability to continue as a going concern. For the year ended April 30, 2022, the Company has a net loss of approximately $4.6 million. The Company also has an accumulated deficit of $46.3 million and its cash balance and revenues generated are not currently sufficient and cannot be projected to cover operating expenses for the next twelve months from the date of this report. These factors raise doubt as to the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. Management cannot provide assurance that we will ultimately achieve profitable operations or become cash flow positive, or raise additional debt and/or equity capital. Management believes that our capital resources are not currently adequate to continue operating and maintaining our business strategy for the fiscal year ending April 30, 2022 without raising additional funds through debt and/or equity capital financings.