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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2012
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
INCOME TAXES
The Company’s quarterly provision for income taxes is measured using an annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items that occur within the periods presented. The significant differences that impact the effective tax rate relate to the difference between the U.S. federal statutory rate and the rates in foreign jurisdictions, incremental valuation allowances, investments in affiliates and tax contingencies.
For the six months ended July 31, 2012, the Company recorded an income tax provision from continuing operations of $29.3 million, which represents an effective tax rate of (278.7%). The effective tax rate is negative due to the fact that the Company recorded income tax expense on a consolidated pre-tax loss. The Company did not record an income tax benefit on the loss for the period, primarily because it maintains valuation allowances against certain of its U.S. and foreign net deferred tax assets. The income tax provision from continuing operations for the six months ended July 31, 2012 is comprised of income tax expense recorded in non-loss jurisdictions, withholding taxes, certain tax contingencies and taxes recorded with respect to investments in affiliates.
For the six months ended July 31, 2011, the Company recorded an income tax provision from continuing operations of $56.9 million, which represents an effective tax rate of (158.8%). The effective tax rate is negative due to the fact that the Company recorded income tax expense on a consolidated pre-tax loss, primarily due to the mix of income and losses by jurisdiction. The Company did not record an income tax benefit on the loss for the period, primarily because it maintains a valuation allowance against certain of its U.S. and foreign net deferred tax assets. The income tax provision from continuing operations for the six months ended July 31, 2011 is comprised of income tax expense recorded in non-loss jurisdictions, withholding taxes, certain tax contingencies and taxes recorded with respect to investments in affiliates.
The change in the Company's effective tax rate for the six months ended July 31, 2012, compared to the six months ended July 31, 2011 is primarily attributable to changes in the relative mix of income and losses across various jurisdictions, the effect of permanent book/tax differences and the change in the basis of the Company's investment in Verint.
The Company currently maintains a deferred tax liability of approximately $33.1 million associated with its investment in Verint. The Verint Merger is intended to qualify as a tax-free reorganization for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and accordingly, CTI may eliminate the requirement to maintain the deferred tax liability. The Company anticipates releasing the deferred tax liability in the period in which the Verint Merger plan is approved. The release of this deferred tax liability will result in a tax provision benefit in the amount of the deferred tax liability at the time of its release.
The Company recorded a deferred tax asset and related valuation allowance of approximately $12.4 million for the three months ended July 31, 2012 which represents the excess of the tax basis over the book basis in its investment in Starhome as a result of the Starhome Share Purchase Agreement (see Note 14, Discontinued Operations) because it is likely that the disposition of Starhome will cause this deferred tax asset and related valuation allowance to be recognized in the foreseeable future.
As required by the authoritative guidance on accounting for income taxes, the Company evaluates the realizability of deferred tax assets on a jurisdictional basis at each reporting date. Accounting for income taxes requires that a valuation allowance be established when it is more-likely-than-not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In circumstances where there is sufficient negative evidence indicating that the deferred tax assets are not more-likely-than-not realizable, the Company establishes a valuation allowance. The Company determined that there is sufficient negative evidence to maintain valuation allowances against certain of the Company's federal, state and foreign deferred tax assets as a result of historical losses in the most recent three-year period in the U.S. and certain state and foreign jurisdictions. The Company intends to maintain a valuation allowance until sufficient positive evidence exists to support its reversal.
The Company regularly assesses the adequacy of the Company's provisions for income tax contingencies in accordance with the applicable authoritative guidance on accounting for income taxes. As a result, the Company may adjust the reserves for unrecognized tax benefits for the impact of new facts and developments, such as changes to interpretations of relevant tax law, assessments from taxing authorities, settlements with taxing authorities, and lapses of statutes of limitation. As of July 31, 2012, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the Company's effective tax rate were approximately $124.2 million. The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of July 31, 2012 could decrease by approximately $6.7 million in the next 12 months as a result of settlements of certain tax audits or lapses of statutes of limitation. Such decreases may involve the payment of additional taxes, the adjustment of deferred taxes, including the need for additional valuation allowances and the recognition of tax benefits. The Company's income tax returns are subject to ongoing tax examinations in several jurisdictions in which the Company operates. The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that new issues may be raised by tax authorities or developments in tax audits may occur which would require increases or decreases to the balance of reserves for unrecognized tax benefits. However, an estimate of such changes cannot reasonably be made.
The Company's policy is to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of the provision for income taxes in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Accrued interest and penalties were $52.8 million and $54.6 million as of July 31, 2012 and January 31, 2012, respectively.