10-Q

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

☒ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

or

☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the Quarter ended March 31, 2024

Commission File Number 0-15010

MARTEN TRANSPORT, LTD.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	39-1140809
(State of incorporation)	(I.R.S. employer identification no.)
129 Marten Street
Mondovi, Wisconsin 54755	715-926-4216
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Registrant’s telephone number)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class:	Trading symbol:	Name of each exchange on which registered:
COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE	MRTN	THE NASDAQ STOCK MARKET LLC
$.01 PER SHARE		(NASDAQ GLOBAL SELECT MARKET)

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒	Accelerated filer ☐
Smaller reporting company ☐	Non-accelerated filer ☐
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, was 81,362,709 as of April 26, 2024.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

MARTEN TRANSPORT, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

	March 31,			December 31,
(In thousands, except share information)	2024			2023
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	73,730		$	53,213
Receivables:
Trade, net		105,247			105,501
Other		10,380			10,356
Prepaid expenses and other		24,665			27,512
Total current assets		214,022			196,582
Property and equipment:
Revenue equipment, buildings and land, office equipment and other		1,155,649			1,162,336
Accumulated depreciation		(378,151	)		(370,103	)
Net property and equipment		777,498			792,233
Other noncurrent assets		1,499			1,524
Total assets	$	993,019		$	990,339
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	37,728		$	36,516
Insurance and claims accruals		44,297			47,017
Accrued and other current liabilities		29,417			26,709
Total current liabilities		111,442			110,242
Deferred income taxes		118,946			122,462
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		202			249
Total liabilities		230,590			232,953
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value per share; 2,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding		-			-
Common stock, $.01 par value per share; 192,000,000 shares authorized; 81,362,709 shares at March 31, 2024, and 81,312,168 shares at December 31, 2023, issued and outstanding		814			813
Additional paid-in capital		50,066			49,789
Retained earnings		711,549			706,784
Total stockholders’ equity		762,429			757,386
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	993,019		$	990,339

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated condensed financial statements.

1

MARTEN TRANSPORT, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months
	Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share information)	2024			2023
Operating revenue	$	249,672		$	298,023
Operating expenses (income):
Salaries, wages and benefits		88,762			98,516
Purchased transportation		41,814			54,103
Fuel and fuel taxes		39,561			46,796
Supplies and maintenance		16,070			15,987
Depreciation		28,527			29,530
Operating taxes and licenses		2,575			2,768
Insurance and claims		11,657			15,070
Communications and utilities		2,371			2,531
Gain on disposition of revenue equipment		(1,171	)		(5,246	)
Other		7,256			8,958
Total operating expenses		237,422			269,013
Operating income		12,250			29,010
Other		(796	)		(844	)
Income before income taxes		13,046			29,854
Income taxes expense		3,400			7,352
Net income	$	9,646		$	22,502
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.12		$	0.28
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.12		$	0.28
Dividends declared per common share	$	0.06		$	0.06

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated condensed financial statements.

2

MARTEN TRANSPORT, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

	Common Stock				Additional Paid-In			Retained			Total Stock- holders’
(In thousands)	Shares		Amount		Capital			Earnings			Equity
Balance at December 31, 2022		81,115	$	811	$	47,188		$	655,920		$	703,919
Net income		-		-		-			22,502			22,502
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises and vesting of performance unit awards		119		1		535			-			536
Employee taxes paid in exchange for shares withheld		-		-		(926	)		-			(926	)
Share-based payment arrangement compensation expense		-		-		354			-			354
Dividends on common stock		-		-		-			(4,874	)		(4,874	)
Balance at March 31, 2023		81,234		812		47,151			673,548			721,511
Net income		-		-		-			47,871			47,871
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises		78		1		673			-			674
Share-based payment arrangement compensation expense		-		-		1,965			-			1,965
Dividends on common stock		-		-		-			(14,635	)		(14,635	)
Balance at December 31, 2023		81,312		813		49,789			706,784			757,386
Net income		-		-		-			9,646			9,646
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises and vesting of performance unit awards		51		1		306			-			307
Employee taxes paid in exchange for shares withheld		-		-		(382	)		-			(382	)
Share-based payment arrangement compensation expense		-		-		353			-			353
Dividends on common stock		-		-		-			(4,881	)		(4,881	)
Balance at March 31, 2024		81,363	$	814	$	50,066		$	711,549		$	762,429

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated condensed financial statements.  

3

MARTEN TRANSPORT, LTD.

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

	Three Months
	Ended March 31,
(In thousands)	2024			2023
Cash flows provided by operating activities:
Operations:
Net income	$	9,646		$	22,502
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation		28,527			29,530
Tires in service amortization		1,763			1,765
Gain on disposition of revenue equipment		(1,171	)		(5,246	)
Deferred income taxes		(3,516	)		784
Share-based payment arrangement compensation expense		353			354
Changes in other current operating items:
Receivables		6,025			9,135
Prepaid expenses and other		1,810			2,232
Accounts payable		2,197			(6,691	)
Insurance and claims accruals		(2,720	)		3,220
Accrued and other current liabilities		2,808			(8,353	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		45,722			49,232
Cash flows used for investing activities:
Revenue equipment additions		(28,443	)		(42,358	)
Proceeds from revenue equipment dispositions		10,075			16,218
Buildings and land, office equipment and other additions		(1,840	)		(2,106	)
Proceeds from buildings and land, office equipment and other dispositions		8			11
Other		(49	)		(45	)
Net cash used for investing activities		(20,249	)		(28,280	)
Cash flows used for financing activities:
Dividends on common stock		(4,881	)		(4,874	)
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises and vesting of performance unit awards		307			536
Employee taxes paid in exchange for shares withheld		(382	)		(926	)
Net cash used for financing activities		(4,956	)		(5,264	)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		20,517			15,688
Cash and cash equivalents:
Beginning of period		53,213			80,600
End of period	$	73,730		$	96,288
Supplemental non-cash disclosure:
Change in property and equipment not yet paid	$	(6,780	)	$	2,561
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes	$	-		$	22

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated condensed financial statements.

4

MARTEN TRANSPORT, LTD.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024

(Unaudited)

(1) Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial statements, and therefore do not include all information and disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, such statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary to fairly present our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for any interim period do not necessarily indicate the results for the full year. The unaudited interim consolidated condensed financial statements should be read with reference to the consolidated financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(2) Earnings per Common Share

Basic and diluted earnings per common share were computed as follows:

	Three Months
	Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)	2024		2023
Numerator:
Net income	$	9,646	$	22,502
Denominator:
Basic earnings per common share - weighted-average shares		81,350		81,210
Effect of dilutive stock options		87		166
Diluted earnings per common share - weighted-average shares and assumed conversions		81,437		81,376
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.12	$	0.28
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.12	$	0.28

Options totaling 524,900 and 122,000 equivalent shares for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, were outstanding but were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because including the options in the denominator would be antidilutive, or decrease the number of weighted-average shares, due to their exercise prices exceeding the average market price of the common shares, or because inclusion of average unrecognized compensation expense in the calculation would cause the options to be antidilutive.

Unvested performance unit awards totaling 82,788 and 49,560 equivalent shares for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, were considered outstanding but were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because inclusion of average unrecognized compensation expense in the calculation would cause the performance units to be antidilutive.

(3) Long-Term Debt

In August 2022, we entered into a credit agreement that provides for an unsecured committed credit facility with an aggregate principal amount of $30.0 million which matures in August 2027. The credit agreement amends, restates and continues in its entirety our previous credit agreement, as amended. At March 31, 2024, there was no outstanding principal balance on the facility. As of that date, we had outstanding standby letters of credit to guarantee settlement of self-insurance claims of $20.7 million and remaining borrowing availability of $9.3 million. At December 31, 2023, there was also no outstanding principal balance on the facility. As of that date, we had outstanding standby letters of credit of $20.7 million on the facility. This facility bears interest at a variable rate based on the Term SOFR Rate plus applicable margins. The interest rate for the facility that would apply to outstanding principal balances was 8.5% at March 31, 2024.

5

Our credit agreement effective in August 2022 prohibits us from paying, in any fiscal year, stock redemptions and dividends in excess of $150 million. The current credit agreement also contains restrictive covenants which, among other matters, require us to maintain compliance with cash flow leverage and fixed charge coverage ratios. We were in compliance with all covenants at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

(4) Related Party Transactions

We purchase tires and obtain related services from Bauer Built, Inc., or BBI. Jerry M. Bauer, the chairman of the board and chief executive officer of BBI, is one of our directors. We paid BBI $2,000 in the first three months of 2024 and $89,000 in the first three months of 2023 for tires and related services. In addition, we paid $438,000 in the first three months of 2024 and $436,000 in the first three months of 2023 to tire manufacturers for tires that were provided by BBI. BBI received commissions from the tire manufacturers related to these purchases.

(5) Share Repurchase Program

In August 2019, our Board of Directors approved and we announced an increase from current availability in our existing share repurchase program providing for the repurchase of up to $34.0 million, or approximately 1.8 million shares, of our common stock, which was increased by our Board of Directors to 2.7 million shares in August 2020 to reflect the three-for-two stock split effected in the form of a stock dividend on August 13, 2020. On May 3, 2022, our Board of Directors approved and we announced an additional increase from current availability in our existing share repurchase program providing for the repurchase of up to $50.0 million, or approximately 3.1 million shares of our common stock. The share repurchase program allows purchases on the open market or through private transactions in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. The timing and extent to which we repurchase shares depends on market conditions and other corporate considerations. The repurchase program does not have an expiration date.

We repurchased and retired 1.3 million shares of common stock for $25.0 million in the first quarter of 2022, and 963,000 shares of common stock for $16.8 million in the second quarter of 2022. We did not repurchase any shares in the first quarter of 2024, in 2023, or in the third or fourth quarters of 2022. As of March 31, 2024, future repurchases of up to $33.2 million, or approximately 2.2 million shares, were available in the share repurchase program.

(6) Dividends

In 2010, we announced that our Board of Directors approved a regular cash dividend program to our stockholders, subject to approval each quarter. Quarterly cash dividends of $0.06 per share of common stock were paid in each of the first quarters of 2024 and 2023 which totaled $4.9 million in each quarter.

(7) Accounting for Share-based Payment Arrangement Compensation

We account for share-based payment arrangements in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. During the first three months of 2024, there were no significant changes to the structure of our stock-based award plans. Pre-tax compensation expense related to stock options and performance unit awards recorded in the first three months of 2024 and 2023 was $353,000 and $354,000, respectively.

(8) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments.  

(9) Commitments and Contingencies

We are committed to new revenue equipment purchases of $185.3 million and construction obligations of $1.6 million for the remainder of 2024. Operating lease obligation expenditures through 2028 total $485,000.

6

We self-insure, in part, for losses relating to workers’ compensation, auto liability, general liability, cargo and property damage claims, along with employees’ health insurance with varying risk retention levels. We maintain insurance coverage for per-incident and total losses in excess of these risk retention levels in amounts we consider adequate based upon historical experience and our ongoing review, and reserve currently for the estimated cost of the uninsured portion of pending claims.

We are also involved in other legal actions that arise in the ordinary course of business. A number of trucking companies, including us, have been subject to lawsuits alleging violations of various federal and state wage and hour laws. A number of these lawsuits have resulted in the payment of substantial settlements or damages by the defendants.

The outcome of all litigation is difficult to assess or quantify, and the magnitude of the potential loss relating to such lawsuits may remain unknown for substantial periods of time. The cost to defend litigation may also be significant. Not all claims are covered by our insurance, and there can be no assurance that our coverage limits will be adequate to cover all amounts in dispute. To the extent we experience claims that are uninsured, exceed our coverage limits or cause increases in future premiums, the resulting expense could have a materially adverse effect on our business and operating results. Based on our present knowledge of the facts and, in certain cases, advice of outside counsel, management believes the resolution of open claims and pending litigation, taking into account existing reserves, is not likely to have a materially adverse effect on our consolidated condensed financial statements, however, any future liability claims or adverse developments in existing claims could impact this analysis.

(10) Revenue and Business Segments

We account for our revenue in accordance with FASB ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. We combine our five current operating segments into four reporting segments (Truckload, Dedicated, Intermodal and Brokerage) for financial reporting purposes. These four reporting segments are also the appropriate categories for the disaggregation of our revenue under FASB ASC 606.

We have strategically transitioned from a refrigerated long-haul carrier to a multifaceted business offering a network of time and temperature-sensitive and dry truck-based transportation and distribution capabilities across our five distinct business platforms – Truckload, Dedicated, Intermodal, Brokerage and MRTN de Mexico.

Our Truckload segment provides a combination of regional short-haul and medium-to-long-haul full-load transportation services. We transport food and other consumer packaged goods that require a temperature-controlled or insulated environment, along with dry freight, across the United States and into and out of Mexico and Canada. Our agreements with customers are typically for one year.

Our Dedicated segment provides customized transportation solutions tailored to meet individual customers’ requirements, utilizing temperature-controlled trailers, dry vans and other specialized equipment within the United States. Our agreements with customers range from three to five years and are subject to annual rate reviews.

Generally, we are paid by the mile for our Truckload and Dedicated services. We also derive Truckload and Dedicated revenue from fuel surcharges, loading and unloading activities, equipment detention and other accessorial services. The main factors that affect our Truckload and Dedicated revenue are the rate per mile we receive from our customers, the percentage of miles for which we are compensated, the number of miles we generate with our equipment and changes in fuel prices. We monitor our revenue production primarily through average Truckload and Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharges, per tractor per week. We also analyze our average Truckload and Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharges, per total mile, non-revenue miles percentage, the miles per tractor we generate, our fuel surcharge revenue, our accessorial revenue and our other sources of operating revenue.

Our Intermodal segment transports our customers’ freight within the United States utilizing our refrigerated containers on railroad flatcars for portions of trips, with the balance of the trips using our tractors or, to a lesser extent, contracted carriers. The main factors that affect our Intermodal revenue are the rate per mile and other charges we receive from our customers.

7

Our Brokerage segment develops contractual relationships with and arranges for third-party carriers to transport freight for our customers in temperature-controlled trailers and dry vans within the United States and into and out of Mexico through Marten Transport Logistics, LLC, which was established in 2007 and operates pursuant to brokerage authority granted by the United States Department of Transportation, or DOT. We retain the billing, collection and customer management responsibilities. The main factors that affect our Brokerage revenue are the rate per mile and other charges that we receive from our customers.

Operating results of our MRTN de Mexico business which offers our customers door-to-door service between the United States and Mexico with our Mexican partner carriers is reported within our Truckload and Brokerage segments.

Our customer agreements are typically for one-year terms except for our Dedicated agreements which range from three to five years with annual rate reviews. Under FASB ASC 606, the contract date for each individual load within each of our four reporting segments is generally the date that each load is tendered to and accepted by us. For each load transported within each of our four reporting segments, the entire amount of revenue to be recognized is a single performance obligation and our agreements with our customers detail the per-mile charges for line haul and fuel surcharges, along with the rates for loading and unloading, stop offs and drops, equipment detention and other accessorial services, which is the transaction price. There are no discounts that would be a material right or consideration payable to a customer. We are required to recognize revenue and related expenses over time, from load pickup to delivery, for each load within each of our four reporting segments. We base our calculation of the amount of revenue to record in each period for individual loads picking up in one period and delivering in the following period using the number of hours estimated to be incurred within each period applied to each estimated transaction price. Contract assets for this estimated revenue which are classified within prepaid expenses and other within our consolidated condensed balance sheets were $2.9 million and $2.1 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. We had no impairment losses on contract assets in the first three months of 2024 or in 2023. We bill our customers for loads after delivery is complete with standard payment terms of 30 days.

We account for revenue of our Intermodal and Brokerage segments and revenue on freight transported by independent contractors within our Truckload and Dedicated segments on a gross basis because we are the principal service provider controlling the promised service before it is transferred to each customer. We are primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide each specified service to each customer. We bear the primary risk of loss in the event of cargo claims by our customers. We also have complete control and discretion in establishing the price for each specified service. Accordingly, all such revenue billed to customers is classified as operating revenue and all corresponding payments to carriers for transportation services we arrange in connection with brokerage and intermodal activities and to independent contractor providers of revenue equipment are classified as purchased transportation expense within our consolidated condensed statements of operations.

8

The following table sets forth for the periods indicated our operating revenue and operating income by segment. We do not prepare separate balance sheets by segment and, as a result, assets are not separately identifiable by segment.

	Three Months
	Ended March 31,
(In thousands)	2024			2023
Operating revenue:
Truckload revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue	$	95,022		$	102,320
Truckload fuel surcharge revenue		16,529			18,306
Total Truckload revenue		111,551			120,626
Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue		71,738			86,831
Dedicated fuel surcharge revenue		14,722			19,618
Total Dedicated revenue		86,460			106,449
Intermodal revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue		13,281			23,401
Intermodal fuel surcharge revenue		2,691			5,188
Total Intermodal revenue		15,972			28,589
Brokerage revenue		35,689			42,359
Total operating revenue	$	249,672		$	298,023
Operating income/(loss):
Truckload	$	489		$	10,041
Dedicated		9,258			13,684
Intermodal		(194	)		787
Brokerage		2,697			4,498
Total operating income	$	12,250		$	29,010

Truckload segment depreciation expense was $16.1 million and $15.3 million, Dedicated segment depreciation expense was $10.3 million and $11.8 million, Intermodal segment depreciation expense was $1.6 million and $1.9 million, and Brokerage segment depreciation expense was $521,000 and $449,000 in the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

(11) Use of Estimates

We must make estimates and assumptions to prepare the consolidated condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the consolidated condensed financial statements and the reported amount of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates are primarily related to insurance and claims accruals and depreciation. Ultimate results could differ from these estimates.

9

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with the selected consolidated financial data and our consolidated condensed financial statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this report. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including but not limited to those included in our Form 10-K, Part I, Item 1A for the year ended December 31, 2023. We do not assume, and specifically disclaim, any obligation to update any forward-looking statement contained in this report.

Overview

We have strategically transitioned from a refrigerated long-haul carrier to a multifaceted business offering a network of time and temperature-sensitive and dry truck-based transportation and distribution capabilities across our five distinct business platforms – Truckload, Dedicated, Intermodal, Brokerage and MRTN de Mexico.

Our Truckload segment provides a combination of regional short-haul and medium-to-long-haul full-load transportation services. We transport food and other consumer packaged goods that require a temperature-controlled or insulated environment, along with dry freight, across the United States and into and out of Mexico and Canada. Our agreements with customers are typically for one year.

Our Dedicated segment provides customized transportation solutions tailored to meet each individual customer’s requirements, utilizing temperature-controlled trailers, dry vans and other specialized equipment within the United States. Our agreements with customers range from three to five years and are subject to annual rate reviews.

Generally, we are paid by the mile for our Truckload and Dedicated services. We also derive Truckload and Dedicated revenue from fuel surcharges, loading and unloading activities, equipment detention and other accessorial services. The main factors that affect our Truckload and Dedicated revenue are the rate per mile we receive from our customers, the percentage of miles for which we are compensated, the number of miles we generate with our equipment and changes in fuel prices. We monitor our revenue production primarily through average Truckload and Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharges, per tractor per week. We also analyze our average Truckload and Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharges, per total mile, non-revenue miles percentage, the miles per tractor we generate, our fuel surcharge revenue, our accessorial revenue and our other sources of operating revenue.

Our Intermodal segment transports our customers’ freight within the United States utilizing our refrigerated containers on railroad flatcars for portions of trips, with the balance of the trips using our tractors or, to a lesser extent, contracted carriers. The main factors that affect our Intermodal revenue are the rate per mile and other charges we receive from our customers.

Our Brokerage segment develops contractual relationships with and arranges for third-party carriers to transport freight for our customers in temperature-controlled trailers and dry vans within the United States and into and out of Mexico through Marten Transport Logistics, LLC, which was established in 2007 and operates pursuant to brokerage authority granted by the United States Department of Transportation, or DOT. We retain the billing, collection and customer management responsibilities. The main factors that affect our Brokerage revenue are the rate per mile and other charges that we receive from our customers.

Operating results of our MRTN de Mexico business which offers our customers door-to-door service between the United States and Mexico with our Mexican partner carriers is reported within our Truckload and Brokerage segments.

In addition to the factors discussed above, our operating revenue is also affected by, among other things, the United States economy, inventory levels, the level of truck and rail capacity in the transportation market, a contracting driver market, severe weather conditions and specific customer demand.

10

Our operating revenue decreased $48.4 million, or 16.2%, in the first three months of 2024 from the first three months of 2023. Our operating revenue, net of fuel surcharges, decreased $39.2 million, or 15.4%, compared with the first three months of 2023. Truckload segment revenue, net of fuel surcharges, decreased 7.1% from the first three months of 2023, primarily due to a decrease in our average revenue per tractor, despite an increase in our average fleet size. Dedicated segment revenue, net of fuel surcharges, decreased 17.4% from the first three months of 2023, primarily due to decreases in both our average fleet size and our average revenue per tractor. Intermodal segment revenue, net of fuel surcharges, decreased 43.2% from the first three months of 2023, primarily due to decreases in both our number of loads and our revenue per load. Brokerage segment revenue decreased 15.7% from the first three months of 2023, primarily due to a decrease in our revenue per load. Fuel surcharge revenue decreased to $33.9 million in the first three months of 2024 from $43.1 million in the first three months of 2023.

Our profitability is impacted by the variable costs of transporting freight for our customers, fixed costs, and expenses containing both fixed and variable components. The variable costs include fuel expense, driver-related expenses, such as wages, benefits, training and recruitment, and independent contractor costs, which are recorded under purchased transportation. Expenses that have both fixed and variable components include maintenance and tire expense and our cost of insurance and claims. These expenses generally vary with the miles we travel, but also have a controllable component based on safety, fleet age, efficiency and other factors. Our main fixed costs relate to the acquisition and subsequent depreciation of long-term assets, such as revenue equipment and operating terminals. We expect our annual cost of tractor and trailer ownership will increase in future periods as a result of higher prices of new equipment, along with any increases in fleet size. Although certain factors affecting our expenses are beyond our control, we monitor them closely and attempt to anticipate changes in these factors in managing our business. For example, fuel prices have significantly fluctuated over the past several years. We manage our exposure to changes in fuel prices primarily through fuel surcharge programs with our customers, as well as through volume fuel purchasing arrangements with national fuel centers and bulk purchases of fuel at our terminals. To help further reduce fuel expense, we have installed and tightly manage the use of auxiliary power units in our tractors to provide climate control and electrical power for our drivers without idling the tractor engine, and also have improved the fuel usage in the temperature-control units on our trailers. For our Intermodal and Brokerage segments, our profitability is impacted by the percentage of revenue which is payable to the providers of the transportation services we arrange. This expense is included within purchased transportation in our consolidated condensed statements of operations.

Our operating income declined 57.8% to $12.3 million in the first three months of 2024 from $29.0 million in the first three months of 2023. Our operating expenses as a percentage of operating revenue, or “operating ratio,” was 95.1% in the first three months of 2024 and 90.3% in the first three months of 2023. Operating expenses as a percentage of operating revenue, with both amounts net of fuel surcharges, increased to 94.3% in the first three months of 2024 from 88.6% in the first three months of 2023. Our net income declined 57.1% to $9.6 million, or $0.12 per diluted share, in the first three months of 2024 from $22.5 million, or $0.28 per diluted share, in the first three months of 2023.

Our business requires substantial ongoing capital investments, particularly for new tractors and trailers. At March 31, 2024, we had $73.7 million of cash and cash equivalents, $762.4 million in stockholders’ equity and no long-term debt outstanding. In the first three months of 2024, net cash flows provided by operating activities of $45.7 million were primarily used to purchase new revenue equipment, net of proceeds from dispositions, in the amount of $18.4 million, to pay cash dividends of $4.9 million and to construct and upgrade regional operating facilities in the amount of $1.6 million, resulting in a $20.5 million increase in cash and cash equivalents. We estimate that capital expenditures, net of proceeds from dispositions, will be approximately $135 million for the remainder of 2024. Quarterly cash dividends of $0.06 per share of common stock were paid in the first three months of 2024 which totaled $4.9 million. We believe our sources of liquidity are adequate to meet our current and anticipated needs for at least the next twelve months. Based upon anticipated cash flows, existing cash and cash equivalents balances, current borrowing availability and other sources of financing we expect to be available to us, we do not anticipate any significant liquidity constraints in the foreseeable future.

We continue to invest considerable time and capital resources to actively implement and promote long-term environmentally sustainable solutions that drive reductions in our fuel and electricity consumption and decrease our carbon footprint. These initiatives include (i) reducing idle time for our tractors by installing and tightly managing the use of auxiliary power units, which are powered by solar panels and provide climate control and electrical power for our drivers without idling the tractor engine, (ii) improving the energy efficiency of our newer, more aerodynamic and well-maintained tractor and trailer fleets by optimizing the equipment’s specifications, weight and tractor speed, equipping our tractors with automatic transmissions, converting the refrigeration units in our refrigerated trailers to the new, more-efficient CARB refrigeration units along with increasing the insulation in the trailer walls and installing trailer skirts, and using ultra-fuel efficient and wide-based tires, and (iii) upgrading all of our facilities to indoor and outdoor LED lighting along with converting all of our facilities to solar power. Additionally, we are an active participant in the United States Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, SmartWay Transport Partnership, in which freight shippers, carriers, logistics companies and other voluntary stakeholders partner with the EPA to measure, benchmark and improve logistics operations to reduce their environmental footprint.

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This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations includes discussions of operating revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue; Truckload, Dedicated and Intermodal revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue; operating expenses as a percentage of operating revenue, each net of fuel surcharge revenue; and net fuel expense (fuel and fuel taxes net of fuel surcharge revenue and surcharges passed through to independent contractors, outside drayage carriers and railroads). We provide these additional disclosures because management believes these measures provide a more consistent basis for comparing results of operations from period to period. These financial measures in this report have not been determined in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Pursuant to Item 10(e) of Regulation S-K, we have included the amounts necessary to reconcile these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures of operating revenue, operating expenses divided by operating revenue, and fuel and fuel taxes.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth for the periods indicated certain operating statistics regarding our revenue and operations:

	Three Months
	Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Truckload Segment:
Revenue (in thousands)	$	111,551	$	120,626
Average revenue, net of fuel surcharges, per tractor per week(1)	$	3,996	$	4,571
Average tractors(1)		1,830		1,741
Average miles per trip		537		510
Total miles (in thousands)		39,703		38,237
Dedicated Segment:
Revenue (in thousands)	$	86,460	$	106,449
Average revenue, net of fuel surcharges, per tractor per week(1)	$	3,781	$	3,960
Average tractors(1)		1,459		1,705
Average miles per trip		329		333
Total miles (in thousands)		29,080		34,076
Intermodal Segment:
Revenue (in thousands)	$	15,972	$	28,589
Loads		4,589		7,277
Average tractors		126		180
Brokerage Segment:
Revenue (in thousands)	$	35,689	$	42,359
Loads		20,061		20,688

(1) Includes tractors driven by both company-employed drivers and independent contractors. Independent contractors provided 96 and 95 tractors as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

The following table sets forth for the periods indicated our operating revenue, operating income and operating ratio by segment, along with the change for each component:

							Dollar			Percentage
							Change			Change
	Three Months						Three Months			Three Months
	Ended						Ended			Ended
	March 31,						March 31,			March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			2024 vs. 2023			2024 vs. 2023
Operating revenue:
Truckload revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue	$	95,022		$	102,320		$	(7,298	)		(7.1	)%
Truckload fuel surcharge revenue		16,529			18,306			(1,777	)		(9.7	)
Total Truckload revenue		111,551			120,626			(9,075	)		(7.5	)
Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue		71,738			86,831			(15,093	)		(17.4	)
Dedicated fuel surcharge revenue		14,722			19,618			(4,896	)		(25.0	)
Total Dedicated revenue		86,460			106,449			(19,989	)		(18.8	)
Intermodal revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue		13,281			23,401			(10,120	)		(43.2	)
Intermodal fuel surcharge revenue		2,691			5,188			(2,497	)		(48.1	)
Total Intermodal revenue		15,972			28,589			(12,617	)		(44.1	)
Brokerage revenue		35,689			42,359			(6,670	)		(15.7	)
Total operating revenue	$	249,672		$	298,023		$	(48,351	)		(16.2	)%
Operating income/(loss):
Truckload	$	489		$	10,041		$	(9,552	)		(95.1	)%
Dedicated		9,258			13,684			(4,426	)		(32.3	)
Intermodal		(194	)		787			(981	)		(124.7	)
Brokerage		2,697			4,498			(1,801	)		(40.0	)
Total operating income	$	12,250		$	29,010		$	(16,760	)		(57.8	)%
Operating ratio:
Truckload		99.6	%		91.7	%
Dedicated		89.3			87.1
Intermodal		101.2			97.2
Brokerage		92.4			89.4
Consolidated operating ratio		95.1	%		90.3	%
Operating ratio, net of fuel surcharges:
Truckload		99.5	%		90.2	%
Dedicated		87.1			84.2
Intermodal		101.5			96.6
Brokerage		92.4			89.4
Consolidated operating ratio, net of fuel surcharges		94.3	%		88.6	%

Our operating revenue decreased $48.4 million, or 16.2%, to $249.7 million in the 2024 period from $298.0 million in the 2023 period. Our operating revenue, net of fuel surcharges, decreased $39.2 million, or 15.4%, to $215.7 million in the 2024 period from $254.9 million in the 2023 period. This decrease in the 2024 period was due to a $15.1 million decrease in Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharges, a $10.1 million decrease in Intermodal revenue, net of fuel surcharges, a $7.3 million decrease in Truckload revenue, net of fuel surcharges, and a $6.7 million decrease in Brokerage revenue. Fuel surcharge revenue decreased to $33.9 million in the 2024 period from $43.1 million in the 2023 period.

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In addition to the factors discussed below, our profitability across each segment in the 2024 period was impacted by a freight market which has considerably softened from the conditions during the 2023 period.

Truckload segment revenue decreased $9.1 million, or 7.5%, to $111.6 million in the 2024 period from $120.6 million in the 2023 period. Truckload segment revenue, net of fuel surcharges, decreased $7.3 million, or 7.1%, to $95.0 million in the 2024 period from $102.3 million in the 2023 period, primarily due to a decrease in our average revenue per tractor, despite an increase in our average fleet size. The operating ratio increased to 99.6% in the 2024 period from 91.7% in the 2023 period. Impacting the 2024 period operating ratio was a decrease in our average revenue per tractor along with higher company driver compensation, depreciation, maintenance, net fuel costs and a lower gain on disposition of revenue equipment, as a percentage of revenue.

Dedicated segment revenue decreased $20.0 million, or 18.8%, to $86.5 million in the 2024 period from $106.4 million in the 2023 period. Dedicated segment revenue, net of fuel surcharges, decreased 17.4%, primarily due to decreases in both our average fleet size and our average revenue per tractor. The operating ratio increased to 89.3% in the 2024 period from 87.1% in the 2023 period. Impacting the 2024 period operating ratio was a decrease in our average revenue per tractor along with higher depreciation costs and a lower gain on disposition of revenue equipment, as a percentage of revenue.

Intermodal segment revenue decreased $12.6 million, or 44.1%, to $16.0 million in the 2024 period from $28.6 million in the 2023 period. Intermodal segment revenue, net of fuel surcharges, decreased 43.2% from the 2023 period, primarily due to decreases in both our number of loads and our revenue per load. The operating ratio in the 2024 period increased to 101.2% from 97.2% in the 2023 period. Impacting the 2024 period operating ratio was a decrease in our revenue per load along with higher depreciation and maintenance costs, as a percentage of revenue.

Brokerage segment revenue decreased $6.7 million, or 15.7%, to $35.7 million in the 2024 period from $42.4 million in the 2023 period, primarily due to a decrease in our revenue per load. The operating ratio in the 2024 period of 92.4% was up from 89.4% in the 2023 period. This increase was primarily due to an increase in amounts payable to carriers for transportation services which we arranged, along with higher salaries and wages, as a percentage of our Brokerage revenue.

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The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the dollar and percentage increase or decrease of the items in our unaudited consolidated condensed statements of operations, and those items as a percentage of operating revenue:

	Dollar Change			Percentage Change			Percentage of Operating Revenue
	Three Months Ended March 31,			Three Months Ended March 31,			Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2024 vs. 2023			2024 vs. 2023			2024			2023
Operating revenue	$	(48,351	)		(16.2	)%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Operating expenses (income):
Salaries, wages and benefits		(9,754	)		(9.9	)		35.6			33.1
Purchased transportation		(12,289	)		(22.7	)		16.7			18.2
Fuel and fuel taxes		(7,235	)		(15.5	)		15.8			15.7
Supplies and maintenance		83			0.5			6.4			5.4
Depreciation		(1,003	)		(3.4	)		11.4			9.9
Operating taxes and licenses		(193	)		(7.0	)		1.0			0.9
Insurance and claims		(3,413	)		(22.6	)		4.7			5.1
Communications and utilities		(160	)		(6.3	)		0.9			0.8
Gain on disposition of revenue equipment		4,075			77.7			(0.5	)		(1.8	)
Other		(1,702	)		(19.0	)		2.9			3.0
Total operating expenses		(31,591	)		(11.7	)		95.1			90.3
Operating income		(16,760	)		(57.8	)		4.9			9.7
Other		48			5.7			(0.3	)		(0.3	)
Income before income taxes		(16,808	)		(56.3	)		5.2			10.0
Income taxes expense		(3,952	)		(53.8	)		1.4			2.5
Net income	$	(12,856	)		(57.1	)%		3.9	%		7.6	%

Salaries, wages and benefits consist of compensation for our employees, including both driver and non-driver employees, employees’ health insurance, 401(k) plan contributions and other fringe benefits. These expenses vary depending upon the size of our Truckload, Dedicated and Intermodal tractor fleets, the ratio of company drivers to independent contractors, our efficiency, our experience with employees’ health insurance claims, changes in health care premiums and other factors. Salaries, wages and benefits expense decreased $9.8 million, or 9.9%, in the 2024 period from the 2023 period. This decrease resulted primarily from lower company driver compensation expense of $6.6 million, a $1.9 million decrease in employees’ health insurance expense due to lower self-insured medical claims and a $763,000 decrease in non-driver compensation expense.

Purchased transportation consists of amounts payable to railroads and carriers for transportation services we arrange in connection with Brokerage and Intermodal operations and to independent contractor providers of revenue equipment. This category will vary depending upon the amount and rates, including fuel surcharges, we pay to third-party railroad and motor carriers, the ratio of company drivers versus independent contractors and the amount of fuel surcharges passed through to independent contractors. Purchased transportation expense decreased $12.3 million in total, or 22.7%, in the 2024 period from the 2023 period. Amounts payable to carriers for transportation services we arranged in our Brokerage segment decreased $5.0 million to $29.8 million in the 2024 period from $34.9 million in the 2023 period, primarily due to decreases in both our cost per load and number of loads. Amounts payable to railroads and drayage carriers for transportation services within our Intermodal segment decreased to $8.1 million in the 2024 period from $15.3 million in the 2023 period, primarily due to decreases in both our number of loads and cost per load. The portion of purchased transportation expense related to independent contractors within our Truckload and Dedicated segments, including fuel surcharges, decreased $68,000 in the 2024 period. We expect our purchased transportation expense to increase as we grow our Intermodal and Brokerage segments.

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Fuel and fuel taxes decreased by $7.2 million, or 15.5%, in the 2024 period from the 2023 period. Net fuel expense (fuel and fuel taxes net of fuel surcharge revenue and surcharges passed through to independent contractors, outside drayage carriers and railroads) decreased $380,000, or 4.3%, to $8.4 million in the 2024 period from $8.8 million in the 2023 period. Fuel surcharges passed through to independent contractors, outside drayage carriers and railroads decreased to $2.8 million from $5.1 million in the 2023 period. The United States Department of Energy, or DOE, national average cost of fuel decreased to $3.96 per gallon from $4.41 per gallon in the 2023 period. Despite this price decrease, our net fuel expense increased to 4.7% of Truckload, Dedicated and Intermodal segment revenue, net of fuel surcharges, in the 2024 period from 4.1% in the 2023 period. We have worked diligently to control fuel usage and costs by improving our volume purchasing arrangements and optimizing our drivers’ fuel purchases with national fuel centers, focusing on shorter lengths of haul, installing and tightly managing the use of auxiliary power units in our tractors to minimize engine idling and improving fuel usage in the temperature-control units on our trailers. Auxiliary power units, which we have installed in our company-owned tractors, provide climate control and electrical power for our drivers without idling the tractor engine.

Depreciation relates to owned tractors, trailers, containers, auxiliary power units, communication units, terminal facilities and other assets. The $1.0 million, or 3.4%, decrease in depreciation in the 2024 period was primarily due to a decrease in our average tractor fleet size, partially offset by higher prices of new equipment. We expect our annual cost of tractor and trailer ownership will increase in future periods as a result of continued higher prices of new equipment, which will result in greater depreciation over the useful life.

Insurance and claims consist of the costs of insurance premiums and accruals we make for claims within our self-insured retention amounts, primarily for personal injury, property damage, physical damage to our equipment, cargo claims and workers’ compensation claims. These expenses will vary primarily based upon the frequency and severity of our accident experience, our self-insured retention levels and the market for insurance. The $3.4 million, or 22.6%, decrease in insurance and claims in the 2024 period was primarily due to decreases in our self-insured auto liability claim costs and in our self-insured cost of physical damage claims related to our revenue equipment, partially offset by higher insurance premiums. Our significant self-insured retention exposes us to the possibility of significant fluctuations in claims expense between periods which could materially impact our financial results depending on the frequency, severity and timing of claims.

Gain on disposition of revenue equipment was $1.2 million in the 2024 period, down from $5.2 million in the 2023 period primarily due to decreases in both the average gain for our tractor and trailer sales and in the number of units sold. Future gains or losses on dispositions of revenue equipment will be impacted by the market for used revenue equipment, which is beyond our control.

Our operating income declined 57.8% to $12.3 million in the 2024 period from $29.0 million in the 2023 period as a result of the foregoing factors. Our operating expenses as a percentage of operating revenue, or “operating ratio,” was 95.1% in the 2024 period and 90.3% in the 2023 period. The operating ratio for our Truckload segment was 99.6% in the 2024 period and 91.7% in the 2023 period, for our Dedicated segment was 89.3% in the 2024 period and 87.1% in the 2023 period, for our Intermodal segment was 101.2% in the 2024 period and 97.2% in the 2023 period, and for our Brokerage segment was 92.4% in the 2024 period and 89.4% in the 2023 period. Operating expenses as a percentage of operating revenue, with both amounts net of fuel surcharges, was 94.3% in the 2024 period and 88.6% in the 2023 period.

Our effective income tax rate increased to 26.1% in the 2024 period from 24.6% in the 2023 period.

As a result of the factors described above, net income declined 57.1% to $9.6 million, or $0.12 per diluted share, in the 2024 period from $22.5 million, or $0.28 per diluted share, in the 2023 period.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Our business requires substantial ongoing capital investments, particularly for new tractors and trailers. Our primary sources of liquidity are funds provided by operations and our revolving credit facility. A portion of our tractor fleet is provided by independent contractors who own and operate their own equipment. We have no capital expenditure requirements relating to those drivers who own their tractors or obtain financing through third parties.

The table below reflects our net cash flows provided by operating activities, net cash flows used for investing activities and net cash flows used for financing activities for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands)	2024			2023
Net cash flows provided by operating activities	$	45,722		$	49,232
Net cash flows used for investing activities		(20,249	)		(28,280	)
Net cash flows used for financing activities		(4,956	)		(5,264	)

In August 2019, our Board of Directors approved and we announced an increase from current availability in our existing share repurchase program providing for the repurchase of up to $34.0 million, or approximately 1.8 million shares, of our common stock, which was increased by our Board of Directors to 2.7 million shares in August 2020 to reflect the three-for-two stock split effected in the form of a stock dividend on August 13, 2020. On May 3, 2022, our Board of Directors approved and we announced an additional increase from current availability in our existing share repurchase program providing for the repurchase of up to $50.0 million, or approximately 3.1 million shares, of our common stock. The share repurchase program allows purchases on the open market or through private transactions in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. The timing and extent to which we repurchase shares depends on market conditions and other corporate considerations. The repurchase program does not have an expiration date.

We repurchased and retired 1.3 million shares of common stock for $25.0 million in the first quarter of 2022, and 963,000 shares of common stock for $16.8 million in the second quarter of 2022. We did not repurchase any shares in the first quarter of 2024, in 2023, or in the third or fourth quarters of 2022. As of March 31, 2024, future repurchases of up to $33.2 million, or approximately 2.2 million shares, were available in the share repurchase program.

In the first three months of 2024, net cash flows provided by operating activities of $45.7 million were primarily used to purchase new revenue equipment, net of proceeds from dispositions, in the amount of $18.4 million, to pay cash dividends of $4.9 million and to construct and upgrade regional operating facilities in the amount of $1.6 million, resulting in a $20.5 million increase in cash and cash equivalents. In the first three months of 2023, net cash flows provided by operating activities of $49.2 million were primarily used to purchase new revenue equipment, net of proceeds from dispositions, in the amount of $26.1 million, to pay cash dividends of $4.9 million and to construct and upgrade regional operating facilities in the amount of $2.1 million, resulting in a $15.7 million increase in cash and cash equivalents.

We estimate that capital expenditures, net of proceeds from dispositions, will be approximately $135 million for the remainder of 2024. This amount includes commitments to purchase $185.3 million of new revenue equipment, prior to considering proceeds from dispositions, and construction obligations of $1.6 million. Additionally, operating lease obligations total $485,000 through 2028. Quarterly cash dividends of $0.06 per share of common stock were paid in each of the first quarters of 2024 and 2023 which totaled $4.9 million in each quarter. We currently expect to continue to pay quarterly cash dividends in the future. The payment of cash dividends in the future, and the amount of any such dividends, will depend upon our financial condition, results of operations, cash requirements and certain corporate law requirements, as well as other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors. We believe our sources of liquidity are adequate to meet our current and anticipated needs for at least the next twelve months. Based upon anticipated cash flows, existing cash and cash equivalents balances, current borrowing availability and other sources of financing we expect to be available to us, we do not anticipate any significant liquidity constraints in the foreseeable future.

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In August 2022, we entered into a credit agreement that provides for an unsecured committed credit facility with an aggregate principal amount of $30.0 million which matures in August 2027. The credit agreement amends, restates and continues in its entirety our previous credit agreement, as amended. At March 31, 2024, there was no outstanding principal balance on the facility. As of that date, we had outstanding standby letters of credit to guarantee settlement of self-insurance claims of $20.7 million and remaining borrowing availability of $9.3 million. At December 31, 2023, there was also no outstanding principal balance on the facility. As of that date, we had outstanding standby letters of credit of $20.7 million on the facility. This facility bears interest at a variable rate based on the Term SOFR Rate plus applicable margins. The interest rate for the facility that would apply to outstanding principal balances was 8.5% at March 31, 2024.

Our credit agreement effective in August 2022 prohibits us from paying, in any fiscal year, stock redemptions and dividends in excess of $150 million. The current credit agreement also contains restrictive covenants which, among other matters, require us to maintain compliance with cash flow leverage and fixed charge coverage ratios. We were in compliance with all covenants at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Other than our obligations for revenue equipment and construction purchases and operating lease expenditures, along with our outstanding standby letters of credit to guarantee settlement of self-insurance claims, which are each mentioned above, we did not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements at March 31, 2024.

Seasonality

Our tractor productivity generally decreases during the winter season because inclement weather impedes operations and some shippers reduce their shipments. At the same time, operating expenses generally increase, with harsh weather creating higher accident frequency, increased claims, lower fuel efficiency and more equipment repairs.

Critical Accounting Estimates

There have been no material changes in the critical accounting estimates disclosed by us under Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Estimates contained in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. 

We are exposed to a variety of market risks, most importantly the effects of the price and availability of diesel fuel. We require substantial amounts of diesel fuel to operate our tractors and power the temperature-control units on our trailers. The price and availability of diesel fuel can vary, and are subject to political, economic and market factors that are beyond our control. Significant increases in diesel fuel costs could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Based upon our fuel consumption in the first three months of 2024, a 5% increase in the average cost of diesel fuel would have increased our fuel expense by $1.9 million.

We have historically been able to pass through a significant portion of long-term increases in diesel fuel prices and related taxes to customers in the form of fuel surcharges. Fuel surcharge programs are widely accepted among our customers, though they can vary somewhat from customer-to-customer. These fuel surcharges, which adjust weekly with the cost of fuel, enable us to recover a substantial portion of the higher cost of fuel as prices increase. These fuel surcharge provisions are not effective in mitigating the fuel price increases related to non-revenue miles or fuel used while the tractor is idling. In addition, we have worked diligently to control fuel usage and costs by improving our volume purchasing arrangements and optimizing our drivers’ fuel purchases with national fuel centers, focusing on shorter lengths of haul, installing and tightly managing the use of auxiliary power units in our tractors to minimize engine idling and improving fuel usage in our trailers’ refrigeration units.

While we do not currently have any outstanding hedging instruments to mitigate this market risk, we may enter into derivatives or other financial instruments to hedge a portion of our fuel costs in the future.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), we have carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. This evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2024. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We intend to periodically evaluate our disclosure controls and procedures as required by the Exchange Act Rules.

Item 5. Other Information.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, none of our directors or “officers” (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of SEC Regulation S-K.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes in the risk factors disclosed by us under Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors contained in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 6. Exhibits.

Item No.	Item	Method of Filing
31.1	Certification pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by Timothy M. Kohl, the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)	Filed with this Report.
31.2	Certification pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by James J. Hinnendael, the Registrant’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)	Filed with this Report.
32.1	Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed with this Report.
101	The following financial information from Marten Transport, Ltd.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on May 9, 2024, formatted in iXBRL, or Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language: (i) Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations, (iii) Consolidated Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (iv)  Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements	Filed with this Report.
104	The cover page from Marten Transport, Ltd.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2024, formatted in iXBRL, included in Exhibit 101	Filed with this Report.

19

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	MARTEN TRANSPORT, LTD.
Dated: May 9, 2024	By:	/s/ Timothy M. Kohl
		Timothy M. Kohl
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)
Dated: May 9, 2024	By:	/s/ James J. Hinnendael
		James J. Hinnendael
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

20

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Timothy M. Kohl, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Marten Transport, Ltd.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:      May 9, 2024
	/s/ Timothy M. Kohl
	Timothy M. Kohl
	Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, James J. Hinnendael, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Marten Transport, Ltd.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:      May 9, 2024
	/s/ James J. Hinnendael
	James J. Hinnendael
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. §1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Marten Transport, Ltd. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), each of the undersigned certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best knowledge of the undersigned:

(1)     The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)     The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 9, 2024	/s/ Timothy M. Kohl
	Timothy M. Kohl
	Chief Executive Officer
	/s/ James J. Hinnendael
	James J. Hinnendael
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

XML

Document And Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Apr. 26, 2024
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Entity File Number	0-15010
Entity Registrant Name	MARTEN TRANSPORT, LTD.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	39-1140809
Entity Address, Address Line One	129 Marten Street
Entity Address, City or Town	Mondovi
Entity Address, State or Province	WI
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	54755
City Area Code	715
Local Phone Number	926-4216
Title of 12(b) Security	COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE
Trading Symbol	MRTN
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		81,362,709
Entity Central Index Key	0000799167
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false

XML

Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets (Current Period Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 73,730	$ 53,213
Trade, net	105,247	105,501
Other	10,380	10,356
Prepaid expenses and other	24,665	27,512
Total current assets	214,022	196,582
Property and equipment:
Revenue equipment, buildings and land, office equipment and other	1,155,649	1,162,336
Accumulated depreciation	(378,151)	(370,103)
Net property and equipment	777,498	792,233
Other noncurrent assets	1,499	1,524
Total assets	993,019	990,339
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	37,728	36,516
Insurance and claims accruals	44,297	47,017
Accrued and other current liabilities	29,417	26,709
Total current liabilities	111,442	110,242
Deferred income taxes	118,946	122,462
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	202	249
Total liabilities	230,590	232,953
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value per share; 2,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $.01 par value per share; 192,000,000 shares authorized; 81,362,709 shares at March 31, 2024, and 81,312,168 shares at December 31, 2023, issued and outstanding	814	813
Additional paid-in capital	50,066	49,789
Retained earnings	711,549	706,784
Total stockholders’ equity	762,429	757,386
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 993,019	$ 990,339

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Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets (Current Period Unaudited) (Parentheticals) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Preferred Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	2,000,000	2,000,000
Preferred Stock, Shares Issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding, Ending Balance (in shares)	0	0
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	192,000,000	192,000,000
Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding (in shares)	81,362,709	81,312,168
Common Stock, Shares, Issued (in shares)	81,362,709	81,312,168

XML

Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Operating revenue	$ 249,672	$ 298,023
Operating expenses (income):
Salaries, wages and benefits	88,762	98,516
Purchased transportation	41,814	54,103
Fuel and fuel taxes	39,561	46,796
Supplies and maintenance	16,070	15,987
Depreciation	28,527	29,530
Operating taxes and licenses	2,575	2,768
Insurance and claims	11,657	15,070
Communications and utilities	2,371	2,531
Gain on disposition of revenue equipment	(1,171)	(5,246)
Other	7,256	8,958
Total operating expenses	237,422	269,013
Operating income	(12,250)	(29,010)
Other	796	844
Income before income taxes	13,046	29,854
Income taxes expense	3,400	7,352
Net income	$ 9,646	$ 22,502
Basic earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.12	$ 0.28
Diluted earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	0.12	0.28
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.06	$ 0.06

XML

Consolidated Condensed Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Total
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	81,115
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 811	$ 47,188	$ 655,920	$ 703,919
Net income	$ 0	0	22,502	22,502
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises and vesting of performance unit awards (in shares)	119
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises and vesting of performance unit awards	$ 1	535	0	536
Employee taxes paid in exchange for shares withheld	0	(926)	0	(926)
Share-based payment arrangement compensation expense		354	0	354
Dividends on common stock	$ 0	0	(4,874)	(4,874)
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises (in shares)	119
Net income	$ 0	0	22,502	22,502
Employee taxes paid in exchange for shares withheld	$ (0)	926	(0)	926
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	81,234
Balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 812	47,151	673,548	721,511
Net income	$ 0	0	47,871	47,871
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises and vesting of performance unit awards (in shares)	78
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises and vesting of performance unit awards	$ 1	673	0	674
Share-based payment arrangement compensation expense		1,965	0	1,965
Dividends on common stock	$ 0	0	(14,635)	(14,635)
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises (in shares)	78
Net income	$ 0	0	47,871	47,871
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	81,312
Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 813	49,789	706,784	757,386
Net income	$ 0	0	9,646	9,646
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises and vesting of performance unit awards (in shares)	51
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises and vesting of performance unit awards	$ 1	306	0	307
Employee taxes paid in exchange for shares withheld	$ 0	382	0	382
Share-based payment arrangement compensation expense		353	0	353
Dividends on common stock			(4,881)	(4,881)
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises (in shares)	51
Net income	$ 0	0	9,646	9,646
Employee taxes paid in exchange for shares withheld	$ 0	(382)	0	(382)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	81,363
Balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 814	$ 50,066	$ 711,549	$ 762,429

XML

Consolidated condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cash flows provided by operating activities:
Net income	$ 9,646	$ 22,502	$ 47,871
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation	28,527	29,530
Tires in service amortization	1,763	1,765
Gain on disposition of revenue equipment	(1,171)	(5,246)
Deferred income taxes	(3,516)	784
Share-based payment arrangement compensation expense	353	354
Changes in other current operating items:
Receivables	6,025	9,135
Prepaid expenses and other	1,810	2,232
Accounts payable	2,197	(6,691)
Insurance and claims accruals	(2,720)	3,220
Accrued and other current liabilities	2,808	(8,353)
Net cash provided by operating activities	45,722	49,232
Cash flows used for investing activities:
Other	(49)	(45)
Net cash used for investing activities	(20,249)	(28,280)
Cash flows used for financing activities:
Dividends on common stock	(4,881)	(4,874)
Issuance of common stock from share-based payment arrangement exercises, deferred compensation plan distributions and vesting of performance unit awards	307	536
Employee taxes paid in exchange for shares withheld	(382)	(926)
Net cash used for financing activities	(4,956)	(5,264)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	20,517	15,688
us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations	73,730	96,288	$ 53,213	$ 80,600
Supplemental non-cash disclosure:
Change in property and equipment not yet paid	(6,780)	2,561
Cash paid for income taxes	0	22
Revenue Equipment [Member]
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Gain on disposition of revenue equipment	(1,171)	(5,246)
Cash flows used for investing activities:
Revenue equipment	(28,443)	(42,358)
Proceeds from revenue equipment dispositions	10,075	16,218
Buildings And Land Office Equipment And Other [Member]
Cash flows used for investing activities:
Revenue equipment	(1,840)	(2,106)
Proceeds from revenue equipment dispositions	$ 8	$ 11

XML

Note 1 - Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Text Block]

(1) Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial statements, and therefore do not include all information and disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, such statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary to fairly present our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for any interim period do not necessarily indicate the results for the full year. The unaudited interim consolidated condensed financial statements should be read with reference to the consolidated financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Note 2 - Earnings Per Common Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Earnings Per Share [Text Block]

(2) Earnings per Common Share

Basic and diluted earnings per common share were computed as follows:

	Three Months
	Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)	2024		2023
Numerator:
Net income	$	9,646	$	22,502
Denominator:
Basic earnings per common share - weighted-average shares		81,350		81,210
Effect of dilutive stock options		87		166
Diluted earnings per common share - weighted-average shares and assumed conversions		81,437		81,376
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.12	$	0.28
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.12	$	0.28

Options totaling 524,900 and 122,000 equivalent shares for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, were outstanding but were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because including the options in the denominator would be antidilutive, or decrease the number of weighted-average shares, due to their exercise prices exceeding the average market price of the common shares, or because inclusion of average unrecognized compensation expense in the calculation would cause the options to be antidilutive.

Unvested performance unit awards totaling 82,788 and 49,560 equivalent shares for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, were considered outstanding but were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because inclusion of average unrecognized compensation expense in the calculation would cause the performance units to be antidilutive.

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Note 3 - Long-term Debt

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Debt Disclosure [Text Block]

(3) Long-Term Debt

In August 2022, we entered into a credit agreement that provides for an unsecured committed credit facility with an aggregate principal amount of $30.0 million which matures in August 2027. The credit agreement amends, restates and continues in its entirety our previous credit agreement, as amended. At March 31, 2024, there was no outstanding principal balance on the facility. As of that date, we had outstanding standby letters of credit to guarantee settlement of self-insurance claims of $20.7 million and remaining borrowing availability of $9.3 million. At December 31, 2023, there was also no outstanding principal balance on the facility. As of that date, we had outstanding standby letters of credit of $20.7 million on the facility. This facility bears interest at a variable rate based on the Term SOFR Rate plus applicable margins. The interest rate for the facility that would apply to outstanding principal balances was 8.5% at March 31, 2024.

Our credit agreement effective in August 2022 prohibits us from paying, in any fiscal year, stock redemptions and dividends in excess of $150 million. The current credit agreement also contains restrictive covenants which, among other matters, require us to maintain compliance with cash flow leverage and fixed charge coverage ratios. We were in compliance with all covenants at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

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Note 4 - Related Party Transactions

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Related Party Transactions Disclosure [Text Block]

(4) Related Party Transactions

We purchase tires and obtain related services from Bauer Built, Inc., or BBI. Jerry M. Bauer, the chairman of the board and chief executive officer of BBI, is one of our directors. We paid BBI $2,000 in the first three months of 2024 and $89,000 in the first three months of 2023 for tires and related services. In addition, we paid $438,000 in the first three months of 2024 and $436,000 in the first three months of 2023 to tire manufacturers for tires that were provided by BBI. BBI received commissions from the tire manufacturers related to these purchases.

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Note 5 - Share Repurchase Program

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Treasury Stock [Text Block]

(5) Share Repurchase Program

In August 2019, our Board of Directors approved and we announced an increase from current availability in our existing share repurchase program providing for the repurchase of up to $34.0 million, or approximately 1.8 million shares, of our common stock, which was increased by our Board of Directors to 2.7 million shares in August 2020 to reflect the three-for-two stock split effected in the form of a stock dividend on August 13, 2020. On May 3, 2022, our Board of Directors approved and we announced an additional increase from current availability in our existing share repurchase program providing for the repurchase of up to $50.0 million, or approximately 3.1 million shares of our common stock. The share repurchase program allows purchases on the open market or through private transactions in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act. The timing and extent to which we repurchase shares depends on market conditions and other corporate considerations. The repurchase program does not have an expiration date.

We repurchased and retired 1.3 million shares of common stock for $25.0 million in the first quarter of 2022, and 963,000 shares of common stock for $16.8 million in the second quarter of 2022. We did not repurchase any shares in the first quarter of 2024, in 2023, or in the third or fourth quarters of 2022. As of March 31, 2024, future repurchases of up to $33.2 million, or approximately 2.2 million shares, were available in the share repurchase program.

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Note 6 - Dividends

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Dividends [Text Block]

(6) Dividends

In 2010, we announced that our Board of Directors approved a regular cash dividend program to our stockholders, subject to approval each quarter. Quarterly cash dividends of $0.06 per share of common stock were paid in each of the first quarters of 2024 and 2023 which totaled $4.9 million in each quarter.

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Note 7 - Accounting for Share-based Payment Arrangement Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]

(7) Accounting for Share-based Payment Arrangement Compensation

We account for share-based payment arrangements in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. During the first three months of 2024, there were no significant changes to the structure of our stock-based award plans. Pre-tax compensation expense related to stock options and performance unit awards recorded in the first three months of 2024 and 2023 was $353,000 and $354,000, respectively.

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Note 8 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

(8) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments.  

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Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]

(9) Commitments and Contingencies

We are committed to new revenue equipment purchases of $185.3 million and construction obligations of $1.6 million for the remainder of 2024. Operating lease obligation expenditures through 2028 total $485,000.

We self-insure, in part, for losses relating to workers’ compensation, auto liability, general liability, cargo and property damage claims, along with employees’ health insurance with varying risk retention levels. We maintain insurance coverage for per-incident and total losses in excess of these risk retention levels in amounts we consider adequate based upon historical experience and our ongoing review, and reserve currently for the estimated cost of the uninsured portion of pending claims.

We are also involved in other legal actions that arise in the ordinary course of business. A number of trucking companies, including us, have been subject to lawsuits alleging violations of various federal and state wage and hour laws. A number of these lawsuits have resulted in the payment of substantial settlements or damages by the defendants.

The outcome of all litigation is difficult to assess or quantify, and the magnitude of the potential loss relating to such lawsuits may remain unknown for substantial periods of time. The cost to defend litigation may also be significant. Not all claims are covered by our insurance, and there can be no assurance that our coverage limits will be adequate to cover all amounts in dispute. To the extent we experience claims that are uninsured, exceed our coverage limits or cause increases in future premiums, the resulting expense could have a materially adverse effect on our business and operating results. Based on our present knowledge of the facts and, in certain cases, advice of outside counsel, management believes the resolution of open claims and pending litigation, taking into account existing reserves, is not likely to have a materially adverse effect on our consolidated condensed financial statements, however, any future liability claims or adverse developments in existing claims could impact this analysis.

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Note 10 - Revenue and Business Segments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block]

(10) Revenue and Business Segments

We account for our revenue in accordance with FASB ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. We combine our five current operating segments into four reporting segments (Truckload, Dedicated, Intermodal and Brokerage) for financial reporting purposes. These four reporting segments are also the appropriate categories for the disaggregation of our revenue under FASB ASC 606.

We have strategically transitioned from a refrigerated long-haul carrier to a multifaceted business offering a network of time and temperature-sensitive and dry truck-based transportation and distribution capabilities across our five distinct business platforms – Truckload, Dedicated, Intermodal, Brokerage and MRTN de Mexico.

Our Truckload segment provides a combination of regional short-haul and medium-to-long-haul full-load transportation services. We transport food and other consumer packaged goods that require a temperature-controlled or insulated environment, along with dry freight, across the United States and into and out of Mexico and Canada. Our agreements with customers are typically for one year.

Our Dedicated segment provides customized transportation solutions tailored to meet individual customers’ requirements, utilizing temperature-controlled trailers, dry vans and other specialized equipment within the United States. Our agreements with customers range from three to five years and are subject to annual rate reviews.

Generally, we are paid by the mile for our Truckload and Dedicated services. We also derive Truckload and Dedicated revenue from fuel surcharges, loading and unloading activities, equipment detention and other accessorial services. The main factors that affect our Truckload and Dedicated revenue are the rate per mile we receive from our customers, the percentage of miles for which we are compensated, the number of miles we generate with our equipment and changes in fuel prices. We monitor our revenue production primarily through average Truckload and Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharges, per tractor per week. We also analyze our average Truckload and Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharges, per total mile, non-revenue miles percentage, the miles per tractor we generate, our fuel surcharge revenue, our accessorial revenue and our other sources of operating revenue.

Our Intermodal segment transports our customers’ freight within the United States utilizing our refrigerated containers on railroad flatcars for portions of trips, with the balance of the trips using our tractors or, to a lesser extent, contracted carriers. The main factors that affect our Intermodal revenue are the rate per mile and other charges we receive from our customers.

Our Brokerage segment develops contractual relationships with and arranges for third-party carriers to transport freight for our customers in temperature-controlled trailers and dry vans within the United States and into and out of Mexico through Marten Transport Logistics, LLC, which was established in 2007 and operates pursuant to brokerage authority granted by the United States Department of Transportation, or DOT. We retain the billing, collection and customer management responsibilities. The main factors that affect our Brokerage revenue are the rate per mile and other charges that we receive from our customers.

Operating results of our MRTN de Mexico business which offers our customers door-to-door service between the United States and Mexico with our Mexican partner carriers is reported within our Truckload and Brokerage segments.

Our customer agreements are typically for one-year terms except for our Dedicated agreements which range from three to five years with annual rate reviews. Under FASB ASC 606, the contract date for each individual load within each of our four reporting segments is generally the date that each load is tendered to and accepted by us. For each load transported within each of our four reporting segments, the entire amount of revenue to be recognized is a single performance obligation and our agreements with our customers detail the per-mile charges for line haul and fuel surcharges, along with the rates for loading and unloading, stop offs and drops, equipment detention and other accessorial services, which is the transaction price. There are no discounts that would be a material right or consideration payable to a customer. We are required to recognize revenue and related expenses over time, from load pickup to delivery, for each load within each of our four reporting segments. We base our calculation of the amount of revenue to record in each period for individual loads picking up in one period and delivering in the following period using the number of hours estimated to be incurred within each period applied to each estimated transaction price. Contract assets for this estimated revenue which are classified within prepaid expenses and other within our consolidated condensed balance sheets were $2.9 million and $2.1 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. We had no impairment losses on contract assets in the first three months of 2024 or in 2023. We bill our customers for loads after delivery is complete with standard payment terms of 30 days.

We account for revenue of our Intermodal and Brokerage segments and revenue on freight transported by independent contractors within our Truckload and Dedicated segments on a gross basis because we are the principal service provider controlling the promised service before it is transferred to each customer. We are primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide each specified service to each customer. We bear the primary risk of loss in the event of cargo claims by our customers. We also have complete control and discretion in establishing the price for each specified service. Accordingly, all such revenue billed to customers is classified as operating revenue and all corresponding payments to carriers for transportation services we arrange in connection with brokerage and intermodal activities and to independent contractor providers of revenue equipment are classified as purchased transportation expense within our consolidated condensed statements of operations.

The following table sets forth for the periods indicated our operating revenue and operating income by segment. We do not prepare separate balance sheets by segment and, as a result, assets are not separately identifiable by segment.

	Three Months
	Ended March 31,
(In thousands)	2024			2023
Operating revenue:
Truckload revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue	$	95,022		$	102,320
Truckload fuel surcharge revenue		16,529			18,306
Total Truckload revenue		111,551			120,626
Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue		71,738			86,831
Dedicated fuel surcharge revenue		14,722			19,618
Total Dedicated revenue		86,460			106,449
Intermodal revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue		13,281			23,401
Intermodal fuel surcharge revenue		2,691			5,188
Total Intermodal revenue		15,972			28,589
Brokerage revenue		35,689			42,359
Total operating revenue	$	249,672		$	298,023
Operating income/(loss):
Truckload	$	489		$	10,041
Dedicated		9,258			13,684
Intermodal		(194	)		787
Brokerage		2,697			4,498
Total operating income	$	12,250		$	29,010

Truckload segment depreciation expense was $16.1 million and $15.3 million, Dedicated segment depreciation expense was $10.3 million and $11.8 million, Intermodal segment depreciation expense was $1.6 million and $1.9 million, and Brokerage segment depreciation expense was $521,000 and $449,000 in the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Note 11 - Use of Estimates

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

(11) Use of Estimates

We must make estimates and assumptions to prepare the consolidated condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the consolidated condensed financial statements and the reported amount of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates are primarily related to insurance and claims accruals and depreciation. Ultimate results could differ from these estimates.

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Insider Trading Arrangements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Insider Trading Arr Line Items

Material Terms of Trading Arrangement [Text Block]

Item 5. Other Information.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, none of our directors or “officers” (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of SEC Regulation S-K.

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]

false

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]

false

Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]

false

Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]

false

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Note 2 - Earnings Per Common Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes Tables

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

	Three Months
	Ended March 31,
(In thousands, except per share amounts)	2024		2023
Numerator:
Net income	$	9,646	$	22,502
Denominator:
Basic earnings per common share - weighted-average shares		81,350		81,210
Effect of dilutive stock options		87		166
Diluted earnings per common share - weighted-average shares and assumed conversions		81,437		81,376
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.12	$	0.28
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.12	$	0.28

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Note 10 - Revenue and Business Segments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Notes Tables

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table Text Block]

	Three Months
	Ended March 31,
(In thousands)	2024			2023
Operating revenue:
Truckload revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue	$	95,022		$	102,320
Truckload fuel surcharge revenue		16,529			18,306
Total Truckload revenue		111,551			120,626
Dedicated revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue		71,738			86,831
Dedicated fuel surcharge revenue		14,722			19,618
Total Dedicated revenue		86,460			106,449
Intermodal revenue, net of fuel surcharge revenue		13,281			23,401
Intermodal fuel surcharge revenue		2,691			5,188
Total Intermodal revenue		15,972			28,589
Brokerage revenue		35,689			42,359
Total operating revenue	$	249,672		$	298,023
Operating income/(loss):
Truckload	$	489		$	10,041
Dedicated		9,258			13,684
Intermodal		(194	)		787
Brokerage		2,697			4,498
Total operating income	$	12,250		$	29,010

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Note 2 - Earnings Per Common Share (Details Textual) - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	524,900	122,000
Unvested Performance Unit Awards [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	82,788	49,560

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Note 2 - Earnings per Common Share - Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Common Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Net income	$ 9,646	$ 22,502	$ 47,871
Basic earnings per common share - weighted-average shares (in shares)	81,350	81,210
Effect of dilutive stock options (in shares)	87	166
Diluted earnings per common share - weighted-average shares and assumed conversions (in shares)	81,437	81,376
Basic earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.12	$ 0.28
Diluted earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.12	$ 0.28

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Note 3 - Long-term Debt (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 30.0
Letters of Credit Outstanding, Amount	20.7	$ 20.7
Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity	$ 9.3
Line of Credit Facility, Dividends Payment, Maximum		$ 150.0
Credit Facility [Member]
Long-Term Debt, Weighted Average Interest Rate, at Point in Time	8.50%

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Note 4 - Related Party Transactions (Details Textual) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Purchase of Fuel, Tires and Related Services [Member]
Related Party Transaction, Amounts of Transaction	$ 2,000	$ 89,000
Tire Purchases [Member]
Related Party Transaction, Amounts of Transaction	$ 438,000	$ 436,000

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Note 5 - Share Repurchase Program (Details Textual) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended					12 Months Ended
	Aug. 13, 2020	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2022 shares	Sep. 30, 2022 shares	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) shares	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2023 shares	May 03, 2022 USD ($) shares	Aug. 31, 2020 shares	Aug. 31, 2019 USD ($) shares
Stock Repurchase Program, Authorized Amount | $								$ 50.0		$ 34.0
Stock Repurchase Program, Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased (in shares) | shares								3,100,000	2,700,000	1,800,000
Stock Repurchased and Retired During Period, Shares (in shares) | shares		0	0	0	963,000	1,300,000	0
Stock Repurchased and Retired During Period, Value | $					$ 16.8	$ 25.0
Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Authorized Repurchase Amount | $		$ 33.2
Stock Repurchase Program, Remaining Number of Shares Authorized to be Repurchased (in shares) | shares		2,200,000
Stock Split To [Member]
Stockholders' Equity Note, Stock Split, Conversion Ratio	3
Stock Split from [Member]
Stockholders' Equity Note, Stock Split, Conversion Ratio	2

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Note 6 - Dividends (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Common Stock, Dividends, Per Share, Declared	$ 0.06	$ 0.06
Payments of Ordinary Dividends, Common Stock	$ 4,881	$ 4,874
Paid Quarterly [Member]
Common Stock, Dividends, Per Share, Declared	$ 0.06	$ 0.06
Payments of Ordinary Dividends, Common Stock	$ 4,900	$ 4,900

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Note 7 - Accounting for Share-based Payment Arrangement Compensation (Details Textual) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Stock or Unit Option Plan Expense	$ 353,000	$ 354,000

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Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Textual)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Total	$ 485,000
Capital Addition Purchase Commitments [Member] | Revenue Equipment [Member]
Purchase Obligation, to be Paid, Remainder of Fiscal Year	185,300,000
Capital Addition Purchase Commitments [Member] | Building Construction [Member]
Purchase Obligation, to be Paid, Remainder of Fiscal Year	$ 1,600,000

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Note 10 - Revenue and Business Segments (Details Textual)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Number of Operating Segments	5
Number of Reportable Segments		4
Customer Contract Term (Year)	1 year
Capitalized Contract Cost, Impairment Loss	$ 0	$ 0
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member]
Contract with Customer, Asset, after Allowance for Credit Loss, Total	2,900,000		$ 2,100,000
Dedicated [Member]
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Total	$ 10,300,000	11,800,000
Dedicated [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Customer Contract Term (Year)	3 years
Dedicated [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Customer Contract Term (Year)	5 years
Truckload [Member]
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Total	$ 16,100,000	15,300,000
Intermodal [Member]
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Total	1,600,000	1,900,000
Brokerage [Member]
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Total	$ 521,000	$ 449,000

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Note 10 - Revenue and Business Segments - Operating Revenue and Operating Income by Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Operating revenue	$ 249,672	$ 298,023
Operating income	12,250	29,010
Truckload [Member]
Operating revenue	111,551	120,626
Operating income	489	10,041
Truckload [Member] | Revenue, Net of Fuel Surcharge [Member]
Operating revenue	95,022	102,320
Truckload [Member] | Truckload Fuel Surcharge Revenue [Member]
Operating revenue	16,529	18,306
Dedicated [Member]
Operating revenue	86,460	106,449
Operating income	9,258	13,684
Dedicated [Member] | Revenue, Net of Fuel Surcharge [Member]
Operating revenue	71,738	86,831
Dedicated [Member] | Fuel Surcharge Revenue [Member]
Operating revenue	14,722	19,618
Intermodal [Member]
Operating revenue	15,972	28,589
Operating income	(194)	787
Intermodal [Member] | Revenue, Net of Fuel Surcharge [Member]
Operating revenue	13,281	23,401
Intermodal [Member] | Fuel Surcharge Revenue [Member]
Operating revenue	2,691	5,188
Brokerage [Member]
Operating revenue	35,689	42,359
Operating income	$ 2,697	$ 4,498