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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policy)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Unit Corporation and its subsidiaries. We have consolidated the activities of Superior, a 50/50 joint venture between Unit and SP Investor Holdings, LLC which qualifies as a VIE under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP), for each of the periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. We have concluded that we are the primary beneficiary of the VIE, as defined in the accounting standards, since we have the power to direct those activities that most significantly affect the economic performance of Superior as further described in Note 20 – Variable Interest Entities. All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.
During 2021, management identified an error in the initial allocation of equity between Unit Corporation and non-controlling interests as of the Fresh Start Reporting Date. The impact of the error was not material to any of our prior period financial statements and the error was corrected with one-time adjustment during the year ended December 31, 2021. As a result, during the year ended December 31, 2021, retained earnings (deficit) was reduced by $1.4 million with a corresponding decrease to non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries.

Certain amounts presented for prior periods have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation. There was no impact from these reclassifications to consolidated net income/(loss) or shareholders' equity.
Fresh start accounting policy The consolidated financial statements in Note 25 - Fresh Start Accounting have been prepared in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB) ASC Topic 852, Reorganizations. We evaluated the events between September 1, 2020 and September 3, 2020 and concluded that the use of an accounting convenience date of September 1, 2020 (Fresh Start Reporting Date) would not have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements. This was reflected in our consolidated balance sheets as of September 1, 2020. Accordingly, our consolidated financial statements and notes after September 1, 2020, are not comparable to the consolidated financial statements and notes before that date. We refer to the reorganized company in these consolidated financial statements and notes as the "Successor" for periods subsequent to August 31, 2020, and "Predecessor" for periods prior to September 1, 2020, and the consolidated financial statements and notes have been presented with a "black line" division to delineate the lack of comparability between the Predecessor and Successor periods. We have applied the relevant guidance provided in U.S. GAAP regarding the accounting and financial statement disclosures for entities that have filed petitions with the bankruptcy court and reorganized as going concerns in preparing the consolidated financial statements and notes through the period ended August 31, 2020. That guidance requires certain transactions and events that were directly related to our reorganization be distinguished from our normal business operations for periods after our bankruptcy filing on May 22, 2020 or post-petition periods. Accordingly, certain expenses, realized gains, and losses and provisions that were realized or incurred in the Chapter 11 Cases have been included in "Reorganization items, net" on our consolidated statements of operations.
Accounting Estimates Preparing financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates and assumptions include:
oil and gas reserves quantities and values;
full cost ceiling test and impairment assessments for property and equipment;
asset retirement obligations;
fair value of commodity derivative assets and liabilities;
fair value of the warrant liability;
reorganization fair value as of the Effective Date,
grant date fair value of stock-based compensation;
workers' compensation liabilities;
contingency, litigation, and environmental liabilities;
and realizability of deferred tax assets;
Cash Equivalents and Bank Overdrafts We include as cash and cash equivalents all cash on hand and on deposit, as well as highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash. The financing section of our consolidated statements of cash flows reflects bank overdraft activity. Bank overdrafts are checks issued before the end of the period, but not presented to our bank for payment before the end of the period. There were no bank overdrafts as of December 31, 2021 and $2.6 million as of December 31, 2020.
Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are carried on a gross basis, with no discounting, less an allowance for expected credit losses. We estimate the allowance for credit losses based on existing economic conditions, the financial condition of our customers, and the amount and age of past due accounts. Receivables are considered past due if full payment is not received by the contractual due date. Past due accounts are generally written off against the allowance for credit losses only after all collection attempts have been unsuccessful.
Property and Equipment Drilling equipment, gas gathering and processing equipment, corporate land and building, transportation equipment, and other property and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Renewals and enhancements are capitalized while repairs and maintenance are expensed. Prior to emergence from bankruptcy, we recorded depreciation of drilling equipment using the units-of-production method based on estimated useful lives starting at 15 years, including a minimum provision of 20% of the active rate when the equipment is idle, unless idle for greater than 48 months, then it was depreciated at the full active rate. We also used the composite method of depreciation for drill pipe and collars and calculate the depreciation by footage drilled compared to total estimated remaining footage. As of emergence and thereafter, we elected to depreciate all drilling assets utilizing the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from four to ten years. Depreciation on our former corporate building was computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of 39 years. Depreciation of other property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from three to 15 years.
Impairment and disposal. We review the carrying amounts of long-lived assets for potential impairment when events occur or changes in circumstances suggest these carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Changes that could prompt an assessment include equipment obsolescence, changes in the market demand for a specific asset, changes in commodity prices, periods of relatively low drilling rig utilization, declining revenue per day, declining cash margin per day, or overall changes in general market conditions. Assets are determined to be impaired if a forecast of undiscounted estimated future net operating cash flows directly related to the asset, including disposal value if any, is less than the carrying amount of the asset. If any asset is determined to be impaired, the loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying asset exceeds its fair value. The estimate of fair value is based on the best information available, including prices for similar assets. Changes in these estimates could cause us to reduce the carrying value of property and equipment. Asset impairment evaluations are, by nature, highly subjective. They involve expectations about future cash flows generated by our assets and reflect our assumptions and judgments regarding future industry conditions and their effect on future utilization levels, dayrates, and costs. Using different estimates and assumptions could result in materially different carrying values of our assets.

When property and equipment components are disposed of, the cost and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is generally reflected in operations. For dispositions of drill pipe and drill collars, an average cost for the appropriate feet of drill pipe and drill collars is removed from the asset account and charged to accumulated depreciation and proceeds, if any, are credited to accumulated depreciation.
Capitalized Interest We did not capitalize any interest costs in 2021 or 2020.
Oil and Natural Gas Operations
Leases. We enter into various agreements to lease equipment and buildings, and we review each agreement to determine if they contain operating or finance leases with a term greater than 12 months. We recognize a lease liability on identified leases for the obligation to make lease payments and a right-of-use asset for the right to use the underlying asset for the lease term based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term which includes all noncancelable periods as well as periods covered by options to extend the lease that we are reasonably certain to exercise. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded as a lease right-of-use asset and liability. Most leases are valued using an incremental borrowing rate, which is determined based on information available at the commencement date of a lease, as an implicit borrowing rate cannot be determined under most of our leases. Leases may include renewal, purchase or termination options that can extend or shorten the term of the lease. These options are evaluated at inception and throughout the contract term to determine if a modification of the lease term is required. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded as a lease right-of-use asset and liability.

Expenses related to leases determined to be operating leases will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term including any reasonably certain renewal periods, while those determined to be finance leases will be recognized following a front-loaded expense profile in which interest and amortization are presented separately in the consolidated statements of operations. The determination of whether a lease is accounted for as a finance lease or an operating lease requires management's estimates of the fair value of the underlying asset and its estimated economic useful life, among other considerations.
ARO The estimated liabilities related to these future costs are recorded at the time the wells are drilled or acquired. We use historical experience to determine the estimated plugging costs considering the well's type, depth, physical location, and ultimate productive life. A risk-adjusted discount rate and an inflation factor are applied to estimate the present value of these obligations. We depreciate the capitalized asset retirement cost and accrete the obligation over time. Revisions to the obligations and assets are recognized at the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate with a corresponding adjustment made to the full cost pool. Our mid-stream segment has property and equipment at locations leased or under right of way agreements which may require asset removal or site restoration, however, we are not able to reasonably measure the fair value of the obligations as the potential settlement dates are indeterminable.
Insurance We are self-insured for certain losses relating to workers’ compensation, control of well and employee medical benefits. Insured policies for other coverage contain deductibles or retentions per occurrence that range from zero to $1.0 million. We have purchased stop-loss coverage to limit, to the extent feasible, per occurrence and aggregate exposure to certain types of claims. There is no assurance that the insurance coverages we have will adequately protect us against liability from all potential consequences. If insurance coverage becomes more expensive, we may choose to self-insure, decrease our limits, raise our deductibles, or any combination of these rather than pay higher premiums.
Derivative Activities All commodity derivatives are recognized on the consolidated balance sheets as either an asset or liability measured at fair value and all our commodity derivative counterparties are subject to master netting agreements. We net the value of the derivative transactions with the same counterparty if a legal right to set-off exists. Changes in the fair value of our commodity derivatives and gains or losses on commodity derivative settlement are reported in gain (loss) on derivatives in our consolidated statements of operations. Cash settlements received or paid for matured, early-terminated, and/or modified derivatives are reported in cash receipts (payments) on derivatives settled in our consolidated statements of cash flows.
Income Taxes Income taxes are recognized based on earnings reported for tax return purposes in addition to a provision for deferred income taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized at the end of each reporting period for the future tax consequences of cumulative temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on existing tax laws and enacted statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the temporary differences are expected to affect taxable income. U.S. GAAP requires the recognition of a deferred tax asset for net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards. We periodically assesses the realizability of the deferred tax assets by considering all available evidence (both positive and negative) to determine whether it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized and a valuation allowance is required.
Natural Gas Balancing When there are insufficient remaining reserves to offset a gas imbalance, we recognize an asset or a liability for the under-produced or over-produced position. We have recorded a receivable of $0.6 million on certain wells where we estimate that insufficient reserves are available for us to recover our under-production from future production volumes and a liability of $1.1 million on certain properties where there are insufficient reserves available to allow the under-produced owners to recover their under-production from future production volumes as of December 31, 2021. Our policy is to expense the pro-rata share of lease operating costs from all wells as incurred. Such expenses relating to the balancing position on wells in which we have imbalances are not material.
Employee And Director Stock Based Compensation We recognize the cost of stock-based compensation over the requisite service periods, which is generally the vesting period, based on the grant date fair value of those awards and account for forfeitures as they occur. Warrant Liability. We recognize the fair value of the warrants as a derivative liability on our consolidated balance sheets with changes in the liability reported as loss on change in fair value of warrants in our consolidated statements of operations. The liability will continue to be adjusted to fair value at each reporting period until the warrants meet the definition of an equity instrument, at which time they will be reported as shareholders' equity and no longer subject to future fair value adjustments.
New Accounting Standards
Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The FASB issued ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 which provide and clarify optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contract modifications, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The amendments within these ASUs will be in effect for a limited time beginning March 12, 2020, and an entity may elect to apply the amendments prospectively through December 31, 2022. We have not yet elected to use the optional guidance and continue to evaluate the options provided by ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01.

Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging— Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. The FASB issued ASU 2020-06 which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by removing certain accounting models which separate the embedded conversion features from the host contract for convertible instruments. The ASU further removes certain settlement conditions that are required for equity contracts to qualify for the derivative scope exception and simplifies the diluted earnings per share calculation in certain areas. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We will adopt ASU 2020-06 effective January 1, 2022. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
Income Taxes (Topic 740)—Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The FASB issued ASU 2019-12 to simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The amendment is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements.